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Excel Your Career with Himalaya Drishya Resort Team
Vacancy Announcement Date of Published: 20th July 2022
Himalaya Drishya Resort Pvt. Ltd, a wellknown hotel in Dhulikhel is currently seeking for few qualified team members for the following position. S.N. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Post: Front Office Associates Waiter Bartender Junior House Keeping Executive Store Keeper Swimming Pool Attendant All Rounder Cook
Nos 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
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Competencies Required: 4Must Be a Nepali Citizen 4Fluent in English 4Should be multi-tasking and able to work during odd hours. 4Excellent inter personal skill with gracious Personality 4Must have knowledge of respective department 4Sound knowledge in Computer.
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Note :- Experienced and local candidate will be given priority.
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4Salary as per Company Rule. Interested eligible candidates are requested to send their cv within 7 Days to the following email: acpay@himalayadrishyaresort.com or contact 011-665342/43/44 +977-9851311442.
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pTklt :yn eg]sf] lxdfno xf] . kxf8sf] cgsG6f/ xf] . hxfF ;;fgf vf]nfx? ;;fgf kfgLsf] 5fFufx? tyf d"nx?sf] hldgsf] vf]+raf6 kxf8sf] cgsG6f/ kf/ ub}{ w]/} vf]nfx?sf] bf]efg / lqj]0fLdf ldn]kl5 gbL ag]sf] x'G5 . gbLsf] af6f] ;f]emf] /]vfdf 5}g . dflg;sf] hLjglnnf h:t} 5 cf]N6f] sf]N6f] . gbLdf kfgLxf; / as'Nnfn] v]naf8 ug]{ 7fpFaf6 alu/x]sf] x'G5 . gbLleq dxTjk"0f{ lrhx? x'G5g\ . rflxg]n] vf]hL ub{5 . gbL slxn] ;dy/ hldgdf lx8\5 eg] slxn] kxf8sf y'k|} vf]N;f kf/ ub}{ 7"nf7"nf 9'Ëfsf] r]k x'Fb} gbL au]sf] x'G5 . gbL eGb5 . dnfO{ 7"nf] kL8f x'G5 . 9'Ëf;Fu o'4 ubf{ub}{, 7Ss/ vfFbfvfFb} klg aGg} kb{5 . Ps} 7fpFdf /xg ;lSbg . To:t} dflg;sf] hljg k4lt klg . p;n] klg y'k|} 7Ss/ vfg'kb{5 . sf/0f hLjgsf] ofqfdf dflg;nfO{ dfgl;s jf zf/Ll/s kL8f hGd]b]lv lnP/ cfPsf] x'G5 . dflg; ;'t]/ ;do Joltt ug]{ k|f0fL xf]Og . eljiosf] nflu sNkgf ul//xG5 . gbL sof}+ kxf8af6 ofqfdf kmfn xfn]e}+m dflg;n] klg kmfn xfNg} k5{ . s}of}+ vf]raf6 gbL bf}8b} hfFbf sof}+ dfgj a:tLnfO{ wSsf lbgk'U5 . gbLsf] hjfgLn] ubf{ st} dflg;nfO{ jufpF5 eg] sof}+ ls;fgsf] v]taf/Ldf nxnxfPsf] afnL gi6 ul/lbG5 . csf]{lt/ dflg;n] daf6 l;+rfOsf] nflu ljleGg tl/sfaf6 v]taf/Ldf k'¥ofPsf] x'G5 . ha gbL jiff{tsf] sf/0fn] k}mlnG5 ta dflg;sf] a:tL;d]t p8fpg a]/ nfpFb}g . ta gbL eGb5, æd]/f] u'0fg} aUg' xf], jU5' . dnfO{ dflg;x? x]g{ cfpF5g\, jf/kf/ ug{ nfU5g\ . pgLx?sf] cfphfp sfo{ hf/L /xG5 .Æ gbL eGb5, æd jlu/G5', aUg'g} d]/f] sd{ xf] .Æ d s;}nfO{ bofdfof ug{ ;lSbg rfx] v]taf/L xf];\ of dflg;sf] a:tL . aUg] d]/f] sfd xf] . d]/f] nIo ;fu/df k'Ug' xf] . To:t} xf] dflg;sf] hLjg k2lt klg . gbL, ;fu/, dxf;fu/df k'u] h:t} dflg; ;+3if{sf] ofqf ub}{ cflv/df p;n] k/dfTdf;Fu ldN5, z/L/ gflzP klg cfTd gfl;b}g eGg] zf:qsf] egfO 5 . s'g} klg s'/fsf] /fd|f] g/fd|f] kIf x'G5 . gbLaf6 x'g] pknlAwx? y'k|} 5g\ . slxn] e'd/L k/]sf] vfN8f]df k'u]/ hflsG5 gbL . k]ml/ dfly lg:s]/ cfˆgf] ult cufl8 a9fpF5 . tf]lsPsf] 7fpF;Dd gbL k'U5 . To:t} xf] dflg;sf] ofqfdf slt sfF8fx? t]l;{Psf] x'G5g\ . slt psfnL cf]/fnLdf tl8\kg'5{ . dflg;nfO{ ;'v kf] sxfF 5 / < gbL atfpF5, æd]/f] af6f] 3'dfp/f] 5, s}og eËfnfx? kf/ ug'{k5{ .Æ gbLsf] lsgf/df slt v]t / vfnL hldg xf]nf < Tof]
5f]/f cfo'if /]UdLsf gfddf kf; u/]/ vl/b u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] nfdf] ;do b]lv 7uL ul//x]sf sf/0f ag]kfdf klg !) j6f eGbf w]/} hUufsf] gSsnL k'hf{ agfP/ ljqmL ul/;s]sf 5g\ . tLghgf kLl8t k|x/Lsf] ;Dks{df k'lu;s]sf 5g\ . /lj /]UdLn] k'hf{ dfq} gSsnL agfPgg\ . hUuf gSsnL b]vfP . /fd|f] :yfgsf] w]/} hUuf sd d'Nodf kfP kl5 lgd{nf vl/b ug{ /flh eO{g\ . To; nuQ} /]UdLn] j8f sfof{nosf] rf/ lsNnf l;kmfl/;, hUufsf] gS;f gSsnL agfP . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] ;fljs ! b]lv ( gDj/ j8f, >Lv08k'/sf] ;fljs $ / % afx]s ;a} j8fx?sf] xfn ;fljs ePsf] 5 . xfn ;fljs gePsf] hUuf kf; x'Fb}g . pgn] xfn ;fljs gePsf] hUuf kf; u/fpg dfnkf]t sfof{nosf s]lx sd{rf/L / n]kfk9L Aoj;foL;Fu ;fF7ufF7 u/] . x'Fb} gePsf] hUufsf] k'hf{ / l;kmfl/; agfP/ /]UdLn] lgd{nfnfO{ #) ut] %% nfv ?k}ofFdf hUuf ljqmL u/fO{ kf; u/fP . dfnkf]t sfof{non] cgnfO{g hUuf kf; u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ;f]lx hUufsf] ckmnfO{g lnvt tof/ ug{ l;tf yfkf / /fhg yfkf ;xefuL eP . cgnfO{g gePsf] hUufsf] lnvt nu]/ l8lh6n kmf]6f] lvrfpg dfnkf]t sfof{nosf sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ ;lzt e08f/L ;xof]lu ag] . pgn] sfof{nosf] l;:6ddf lvr]gg\ . aflx/ lvr]/ lgd{nfnfO{ NofKr] nufO{ lbP . kmf]6f] lvrfP nuQ} lgd{nf / /lj dfnkf]tsf] /lh:6«];g ug{ …sÚ Ansdf k'u] . hxfF dfnkf]t sfof{nosf sd{rf/L /fdljgo ofbjn] b'a} kIfnfO{ hUuf lsga]rsf] n]gb]g eof] < eg]/ ;f]w] . b'a}n] sf/f]jf/ ;lsof] eg] . Tof] cl3 l;tf yfkf / /fhg yfkfn] gSsnL lnvt cg';f/ /lh:6«];g gDj/ !#)$( …vÚ, kfl/t ldlt @)&( c;f/ #! ut], 6f]sg btf{ gDj/ !#)$, /lh:6]«;g b:t'/ ! nfv %! xhf/ * ;o &^ ?k}of, k'Flhut nfes/ # nfv, /l;b gDj/ !$$$ /fv]/ k]z u/]sf lyP . of] ;a} gSsnL lyof] . a}+ssf] ef}r/, 5fk, clws[tsf] b:tvt klg gSsnL lyof] . b}lgs % j6f klg lnvt kf; gePsf a]nf !#)$ sf] 6f]sg gDa/ /flvPsf] lyof] . dfnkf]t sfof{nos} clws[tsf] b:tvt ;d]t gSsnL /fv]/ k]z ePsf] sfuhft v Ansdf hfg' cl3 ;a} sfuhft l;tf yfkfn] lnP/ uO{g\ . plgx?n] gSsnL k'hf{ agfpg] :yfgaf6 lgd{nfsf] kmf]6f]nfO{ :Sofg u/]/ lk|G6 u/fP . k'hf{df 6fFl;Psf] kmf]6f]df cfkm} NofKr] nufO{lbP . lgd{nfnfO{ k'hf{ gaGb} ag]kf cfP/ k};f lnPsf] lyof] . cfkm'n] k'hf{df NofKr] gnufPsf] ;lDemP kl5 tTsfn} >LdfgnfO{ kmf]g u/]/ eg]sL lyO{g\ . To;kl5 dfnkf]t sfof{nodf df]7 le8fpFbf ;a} gSsnL ePsf] km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . n]vfk9L Aoj;foL l;tf yfkfn] cfkm\gf] gDj/ ;d]t gSsnL /fv]sL l5g\ . lu/f]xn] /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+ssf] ef}r/ / 5fk ;lxt clws[tsf] gSsnL x:tfIf/, dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] 5fk, x:tfIf/ / k'hf{sf] gSsnL lk|G6, j8f sfof{nosf] 5fk, l;kmfl/; / j8f cWoIfsf] l;kmfl/; ;d]t gSsnL agfP/ lst{] u/]sf 5g\ . kqmfp k/]sfx?nfO{ ;/sf/L 5fk b:tvt lst{] ;lxt 7lu cleof]udf d'2f rnfpg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/L 5fk b:tvtdf hUuf lsGg] / ljqmL ug{] b'a} bf]lif x'G5g\ . pQm lnvtdf /flvPsf ;fIfLnfO{ eg] s]lx yfxf gePsf] atfO{Psf] 5 . k|x/Ln] yk ;d'x / ljqmL ul/Psf hUufsf af/]df vf]htnf; ul//x]sf] 5 . k|x/L k|jQmf l8P:kL xl/ vltj8fn] k|fKt ;"rgfsf cfwf/df x'Fb} gePsf] hUuf ljqmL ug{] lu/f]xnfO{ kqmfp u/L cg';Gwfg z'? ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . k|x/L k|d'v rqm/fh hf]zLn] lhNnfdf ePsf o:tf ck/fw Go'lgs/0f ug{ gful/s ;r]t x'g' kg{] kg{] atfpFb} bf]lifx?nfO{ sf/jfxL ug{] atfpg' eof] .
lst{]============================================= sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]sdf lgd{nfn] kf; u/]sL lyO{g\ . /]UdLn] lgd{nfnfO{ c;f/ #! ut] hUuf kf; ePsf] k'hf{ lbPsf lyP . @)&( ;fpg @ ut] k'hf{df lgd{nfsf] gSsnL NofKr] b]v] kl5 lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|] dfkm{t dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]df hUufsf] lsQf gDj/ le8fpFbf hUuf g} gePsf] km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . e'–dflkmof /lj nufot n]vfk9L ug{] l;tfs'df/L yfkf / pgsf >Ldfg\ /fhg yfkf, dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]sf sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ ;lzt e08f/L / /lh:6«];g …sÚ df sfo{/t sd{rf/L /fdljgo ofbj ;d]tsf] ldn]dQf] /x]sf] k|f/lDes cg';Gwfg u/L k|x/Ln] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5 . lgd{nfsf >Ldfg\ u'NdL lhNnfdf ;/sf/L ;]jfdf sfo{/t 5g\ . /]UdLsf] 3/ vfgtnf;L ubf{ gSsnL nfnk'hf{sf ;fy} s]lx gub a/fdb u/]sf] k|x/Ln] atfPsf] 5 .
cfhsf] ljrf/
s'g} klg s'/fsf] /fd|f] g/fd|f] kIf x'G5. gbLaf6 x'g] pknlAwx? y'k|} 5g\. slxn] e'd/L k/]sf] vfN8f]df k'u]/ hflsG5 gbL. k]ml/ dfly lg:s]/ cfˆgf] ult cufl8 a9fpF5. tf]lsPsf] 7fpF;Dd gbL k'U5. To:t} xf] dflg;sf] ofqfdf slt sfF8fx? t]l;{Psf] x'G5g\. slt psfnL cf]/fnLdf tl8\kg'5{. dflg;nfO{ ;'v kf] sxfF 5 / < hldgnfO{ lvofpFb} tf]8\b}, cufl8 a9\5 . gbLdf ha j}+; cfpF5 Tof] ;dodf s] s;sf] wg ;Dklt afFsL /fV5 / < gbL lgb{oL aGb5 . b]lvPsf] 5, s}of}+sf] 3/af/ l;l4Psf] 5 . k|f0fLx?sf] If]lt ePsf] 5 . j}+;n] d:t ePsf] cj:yfdf gbLsf] cfjfh} rsf]{ x'G5 . gbL ;';fpF5 . la:tf/} gbLsf] axfj cl3 a9\b} uPkl5 ;d'Gb|df ldNg k'Ub5 . To:t} dflg; k|ult jf cu|ultsf] ;+3if{ ub}{ cufl8 a9\5 . gbL eG5, ædnfO{ kf/ ub}{ dfG5] hfg]/ cfpg] ub{5g\ t/ d cfˆgf] af6f] nflu/xG5' . dflg;sf] cfo' ;lsPkl5 k"0f{ dflg; hGd]g] O{Zj/Lo a/bfg x'bFf ToxL lsl;dsf] qmddf dflg; nfu]sf] x'G5 eg] gbL ;w} cfˆgf] ofqfdf nfU5 lsgls gbLsf] zlQm a9\b} hfG5 . gbL atfp5F, æd c;nf df5f lnP/ cufl8 a9\b5'Ù df5f dfqf xf]Og, d}n] lhpbFf jf d/]sf k|f0fLx? klg d]/f] ;fydf cfp5Fg\ . ;uF} lnP/ hfG5' .Æ To:t} xf] dflg;sf] h'gL klg . p;n] cfˆgf] ult;uF y'k|} cg'ej / cg';Gwfgaf6 gofF s'/fsf] vf]hL ug{ kl5 kb}{g . gbL atfp5F, æ;'gf}nf 9'Ëfdfly r9]/ ju/df jx+bf ;]tf] sof}+ kfgLsf t/Ë lnP/ ofqf gbL lsgf/df lk+mh ag]/ ;]tf] /Ëdf alu/xG5' . axfOsf] qmddf ;]tf] 5fn d]/f] /Ë aGb5 .Æ gbL eG5 . gbLsf] u'gf;f] h:tf] 5, To:t} 5 dflg;sf] b'v;'vsf 36gfx? . sof}+ 8f8Ffsf8Ff sf6]kl5 slxn]sf]lx 3f;F} 3f;F ePsf] hldgdf au]/ la:tf/} lx8]sf] cg'ej ub{5 . kx]nfkx]+nf xl/of ?vx?sf] k]+mbaf6 au]sf] x'G5' gbL eGb5 . dflg; klg ofqf ubf{ub}{ slxn] cfgGbsf] cg'ej ub{5 . slxn] ;'vfg'e'lt x'G5 . Psl5g eP klg xf;v]n ug{ kl5 kb{}g . t/ kl5
kZrftfksf] e'd/Ldf kb{5 . gbLaf6 dflg;x? If0fIf0fdf jf/kf/ ub{5g\ t/ gbL Psfu| alu/xG5 . oxL xf] dfgjhLjg k2lt . ;dy/ hldg k'u]kl5 3fdsf] 6ns b]vfP/ ToxfFsf dfgj k|f0fLnfO{ Ifl0fs cfgGb lbg kl5 kb}{g . 3fdn] tflTtPsf] a]nfdf sof}+ k|f0fLnfO{ cfjZos ;xof] ug{ gbL kl5 kb}{g . To:t} xf] dflg; klg ef}lts ;'v rfxfgf ubf{ub}{ p;nfO{ cfWoflTds lrGtgsf] ltvf{nfO{ d]6fpg dflg; k|oTg ub{5 . cflv/ hLjg kfgLsf] kmf]sf g xf] . Tof] kmf]sf kfgLaf6 lg:sG5 / ToxL+ k'm6\5 . kmf]sf cfpg] qmd rln/xG5 . dflg; gfËf] hGdG5 gfË} cGTo x'G5 . ?v atfpF5, æsfF8}sf8f ePsf] hËndf rGb|df / tf/fx?sf] pHofnf]df u'gu'gfpF5 .Æ of] gbLsf] egfO xf] . To:t} xf] dflg; klg slxn] pHofnf] t slxn] cWofF/f] . gbLsf] b'v / ;'vsf] cg'ej / cg'e'lt JofVof ub}{ a9\b} hfG5, Ps} :yfgdf a:g kfpFb}g . axg' p;sf] lgod xf] . ;docg';f/ Iflt k'¥ofpg' p;sf] sd{ xf] . slxn] gbL a/bfg eP/ cfpF5, slxn] cle;fk eP/ . b'gofFnfO{ ?jfP/ alu/xG5 . sof}+ dflg;nfO{ gbLn] vfG5 . Psflt/ hldgsf] gfz u5{ eg] csf]{lt/ sof}+ k|f0fLx?sf] xTof u5{ . pm k'm;{lbnf] 5}g . Ps} 7fpFdf a:g kfpFb}g . cflv/ gbL ;fu/, dxf;fu/df k'u]/ cnk x'G5 . ToxfF k'u]kl5 p;sf] cl:tTj /xFb}g . To:t} xf] dflg;sf] hLjgk2lt klg . /fd|f] sfd u/]sf] 5 eg] s]xL ;do ;GttLn] ;Demnfg cGoyf gbLsf] h;/L cl:tTj ;dfKt x'G5 . dflg;nfO{ wd{zf:qsf] ;'emfj 5, z/L/ gfl;G5, cfTdf csf]{ z/L/df ;5{ . of] ljZjf;sf] s'/f xf] . csf{sf] z/L/df k'u]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f st} k|dfl0ft 5}g . pm s;sf] z/L/df uof] yfxf 5}g . h] xf];\ ;Tsd{ dflg;sf] clgjfo{ zt{ xf] gbLsf] h:t} .
P]g ljk/Lt ================================= …sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf ;xsf/Lx? tyf ltgsf 5ftf ;+u7gdf u}x|sfg"gL ?kdf ;+rfns ag]sfx?nfO{ sfg"gsf] kfngf ug{ cg'/f]w ub{5'Ú–pk/lh:6«f/ lvdfgGb cfrfo{n] eGg'eof]–…sfg"g gdfGg] ;+rfnsx?nfO{ sf/jfxL x'G5 .Ú ljefun] ;dfrf/ k|sfzg;Fu} lhNnf ;+3 / art ;+3 b'j}nfO{ kq sf6]/ ;xsf/L P]gsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] 5 . cleoGtf lbksk|;fb kf}8\ofnn] ;fdflhs ;~hfndf n]v]sf 5g– …;xsf/L P]g, lgod, dfkb08, lgb{]zg ;a}n] :j]lR5s ?kdf kfngf ug{'k5{ . cu'jfx?nfO{ 5'6 5}g . k|Zg p7] kl5 sfg"g ;Ddt hjfkm lbg' c;n ;xsf/LsdL{sf] g}lts lhDd]jf/L xf] .Ú ;xsf/L ljefusf pk /lh:6«f/ 6f]n/fh pkfWofon] P]g ljkl/t ;+rfns ePsfx?n] tTsfn /flhgfdf lbg'kg{] atfpg' eof] . …ljefun] /flhgfdf lbP glbPsf] cg'udg ug{]5 / sf/jfxL ug{]5Ú–pk /lh:6«f/ pkfWofon] eGg'eof] . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L lnld6]8sf ;lrj ;'/]Gb| kf}8\ofn lzIfs x'g\ . ;+rfnsx? ;Tob]jL e§/fO{ / 1fg' bfxfn klg lzIfs x'g\ . lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf pkfWoIf sdnf clwsf/L lzIfs x'g\ . ;lrj lg/~hg lji6 d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsfsf j8f gDj/ * sf j8f cWoIf x'g\ . ;+rfns sdnk|;fb s'O{s]n ljB't k|flws/0fdf sfo{/t sd{rf/L x'g\ . n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf ;+of]hs zDe'nfn >]i7 klg lzIfs x'g\ . n]vf ;ldlt ;b:o ;/:jtL lrdf}l/of klg lzIfs x'g\ . ;+3 / k|b]zsf dGqLx?, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf k|d'v / pkk|d'v, gu/kflnsf tyf ufpFkflnsfsf k|d'v tyf pkk|d'v, cWoIf jf pkfWoIf, j8f cWoIf / j8f ;b:ox? ;d]t ;xsf/Lsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /xg kfpg] 5}gg\ . plgx?n] of] ;dfrf/ tof/ kfbf{ ;d]t /flhgfdf lbPsf 5}gg\ . plgx?n] P]gsf]alv{nfk ul//x] ;r + fns ePsf] ldltbl]v sfo/{t /xs ] f] ;do;Ddsf] ;l'jwf ;/sf/L sfi]fdf hDdf ug]{ u/L :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ lgbz ]{ g lbg] ljefusf] tof/L 5 . ;/sf/L ;l'jwf vfP/ ;r + fns ags ] fx?sf] ;l'jwf /fS]sf /fVg / klxnf vfPsf] c;n ' pk/ ug]{ u/L ljefun] :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ kq nV]g] tof/L u/s ] f] 5 . ag]kf, kgf}tL, w'lnv]n tyf lhNnfsf ljleGg ;xsf/Ldf ;/sf/L ;'ljwf lng] clwsf+z AolQmx? ;+rfns 5g\ . k|f/lDes ;+:yfdf ePsf ljs[lt /f]Sgtkm{ 5ftf ;+3x? r'krfk 5g\ . plgx? cfkm} sld;g / e|i6frf/sf] bnbndf km;]sfn] k|f/lDes ;+:yfsf] ljifodf af]Ng ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . ;xsf/L ljefun] To:tf ;xsf/Lsf af/]df ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ljefudf ph'/L ug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 . ph'/L nuQ} sf/jfxL ul/g] ePsfn] ;j{;fwf/0fx?nfO{ ljefusf] 7]ufgfdf ph'/L ug{ cg'/f]w ul/Psf] xf] .
P]g, sfg'g=============================== sfof{Gjog u/fpg] cleofgdf gu/kflnsf klg df}g 5 . ;xsf/L ljefun] hf/L u/s ] f] lgbz {] gdf ;xsf/Lx?n] gsdfpg] ;Dklt 3/ hUuf, pks/0f, sfofn { o ;fdfg, gub, kZ]sL, rNtL vftf nufotdf sn ' sf/fj]f/sf] % kl|tzt eGbf w/]} vr{ gug{ lgbz {] g lbPsf] 5 . ;s + 6df k/s ] f clwsfz + ;xsf/Lsf] C0f hUuf, zo]/, lsnfl]d6/ Aofh, cgnfOg{ ud]df nufgL ePsf] 5 . km/s Aofhb/ sfod gug{ lbPsf] lgbz {] g klg ;3+ / kf|/lDes ;:+yfx?n] klg 6/]s ] f 5g}g\ . n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpFbf /fli6«o n]vfdfg cg'?k n]vf /fv] g/fv]sf], ;xsf/L P]g lgod / lgb{]lzsfsf] kl/kfngf eP gePsf], ;DklQ z'l4s/0f lgjf/0f sfg"g tyf lgb{]zgsf] kfngf eP gePsf], ;xsf/Lsf dfgs cg'?k n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf n]vf k/LIfssf] ljz]if l6Kk0fL ;lxtsf] nªkmd{ ;d]t ;dfj]z ug{ lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5 .
#
r]i6f ;fKtflxs
c+s!^#(@)&$ @)&(kmfu' ;fpg ljxLjf/ jif{jif{@$@*c+s g #%ut]ut]ljxLjf/
sfe|]df jg lgodfjnL hnfO{of]
xflb{s awfO{
vf/]hLsf] dfu ub{} 1fkg kq
o; t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;, kgf}tL–*, sfe|]knf~rf]sn] ldlt @)&( c;f/ @( df ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]uaf6 Quality Assurance and Accreditation (QAA) k|df0fkq k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ePsf]df o; sfo{df cgj/t ?kdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg'x'g] ;Dk"0f{ k|fWofks, SofDk; SAT l6d, ljBfyL{, cleefjs, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf, :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwx?, UGC QAA Division, Peer Review nufot ;Dk"0f{ z'elrGtsx?df xflb{s cfef/ Pjd\ wGojfb JoQm ub{5f}+ . 8f= cDa' ejfgL sfsL{
lzjaxfb'/ b]phf
;+:yfks SofDk; k|dv '
cWoIf SofDk; ;+rfns ;ldlt
t]hu+uf ax'dv ' L SofDk; kl/jf/ kgf}tL–*, sfe|]
w' l nv] n ÷;fd' b flos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3 sfe|]n] l8lehg ag sfof{no sfe|] dfkm{t jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnonfO{ ;+ljwfg, ;+3Lotf, dfgj clwsf/, dlxnf clwsf/ / ;fd'bflos jg lj/f]wL jg lgodfjnL @)&( vf/]hsf] dfu ub{} 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] 5 . ;f]lx P]g dxf;+3n] l8lehg jg sfof{no kl/;/d} hnfPsf] 5 . lhNnf cWoIf ljgf]b ;fksf]6fsf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] k|ltlglw d08nn] qfkg kq a'emfpFb} ag P]gdf ePsf ;fd'bflos jg lj/f]wL lgodfjnL tTsfn vf/]hsf] dfu u/]sf] xf] . jg P]g @)&^ nfu' ePsf] nueu $ jif{;Dd :jfy{ ;d"x, ljrf}lnof ju{ / ;fd'bflos jg lj/f]wL tTjx?n] lg/Gt/ rnv]n u/L jg lgodfjnL @)&( df ;+ljwfg, ;+3Lotf, dfgj clwsf/, dlxnf clwsf/, cflbjf;L hghflt, :yfgLo ;d'bfo, dw]zL, blnt, ckfËtf ePsf JolQm, ;fd'bflos jg, ul/jd"vL sa'lnotL jg / kfl/jfl/s lghL jg lj/f]wL Joj:yfx? ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5\, h;sf sf/0f ;fd'bflos jgdf cfl>t ;du| :yfgLo ;d'bfodf u+eL/ ?kdf k|lts"n k|efj kg{] ePsf]n] g]kfn ;/sf/n] @)&( c;f/ !^ df g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt jg lgodfjnL @)&( k|lt ;fd'bflos jg pkefQmf dxf;+3 g]kfnsf] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] atfPsf] 5 . ;fy} lgodfjnLdf ePsf ljleGg Joj:yfx? k|lt xfd|f] cfklQ, c;xdlt / lj/f]w u/]sf] 5 . ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3 g]kfnsf] g]t[Tjdf ePsf] ;8s cfGbf]ngsf dfWodaf6 jg lgdofjnLsf] clGtd d;f}bfdf ;fd'bflos jgsf ;fy} ;du| jg If]qdf cflbjf;L hghflt, :yfgLo ;d'bfo / dlxnfsf] clwsf/ ;'/Iffsf nflu ljleGg Joj:yfx? ePsf lyP . jg k|zf;gdf /x]sf s]xL 5b\de]ifLx?n] jg lgodfjnLnfO{ s'?k agfpFb} :jfy{ ;d"x, larf}lnof ju{ Pj+ ;fd'bflos jgsf ;fy} :yfgLo ;d'bfo / dlxnf lj/f]wL tTjx?sf] lglxt :jfy{sf] kIfkf]if0f ug]{ Joj:yfx? Nofpg] b':;fx; u/]sf] k|lt dxf;+3n] cfklQ hgfPsf] xf] . g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fhkqdf k|sfzg u/]sf] jg lgodfjnL @)&( k|lt lgDg sf/0fn] ubf{ ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, jg If]qsf] ;du| gful/s ;dfh / ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg gful/s ;dfhsf] c;xdlt /xL eljiodf Ps ;zQm cfGbf]ng ug'{kg]{ cj:yf ;[hgf ePsf]
atfPsf] 5 . To:tf] cj:yf cfpg glbgsf nflu ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] clwsf/, jg If]qdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf, dlxnf clwsf/, cflbjf;L hghflt, :yfgLo ;d'bfo, dw]zL, blnt, ckfËtf ePsf JolQm, ul/jd"vL sa'lnotL jg / kl/jf/n] Joj:yfkg u/]sf] jgsf] dfu ;Daf]wg x'g]u/L / :jfy{ ;d"xsf] x:tIf]k xfjL x'g gkfpg] u/L jg lgodfjnLdf tTsfn ;'wf/ tyf ;+zf]wgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/, jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno ;dIf ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3n] 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] cWoIf ljgf]b ;fksf]6fn] atfpg' eof] . jg P]g @)&^ sf] bkmf !* df ;fd'bflos jg Joj:yfkg ug'{sf] Pp6f d'Vo p2]Zo jg k}bfjf/sf] pkof]u ug'{ klg /x]sf] 5 . t/ jg lgodfjnLsf] lgod $@ af6 ;fd'bflos jgsf] pkof]u ug{ kfpg] eGg] zAb g} x6fO{ ;fd'bflos jgnfO{ ;+/If0fdf dfq l;ldt /fVg] / jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ ;/sf/sf] uf]7fnf] agfpg] w[i6tf ul/Psf] 5, h'g s'/f g]kfnsf] ;fd'bflos jg If]qdf Pp6f 7"nf] k|ltudg xf] / o:tf] k|ltudg ;fd'bflos jgsf ;Gbe{df :jLsfo{ x'g ;Sb}g . To;} jg lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg u/L ;fd'bflos jgsf] pkof]u ug{ kfpg] sfg"gL clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ dfu ul/Psf] 5 . jg P]g @)&^ df ;fd'bflos jgsf] ;+/If0f, pkof]u, jg k}bfjf/sf] d"No lgwf{/0f / ljqmL ljt/0fsf nflu ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ ljleGg :jfotQfx? k|bfg ul/Psf] ePklg jg lgodfjnLsf] lgod $* df jg sfof{nox?af6 cg]sf}+ r/0fsf k6s] cg'dltx? lnP/ dfq jg k}bfjf/ ;+sng ug{ kfOg] Joj:yfx? ul/Psf]n] o;af6 ;fd'bflos jg Joj:Yffkg ug]{ pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] pT;fxdf u+eL/ wSsf nfUg] ePsf]n] jg lgodfjnLaf6 k6s] cg' d lt ;DaGwL Joj:yfx? tTsfn x6fpg dfu ul/Psf] 5 . ;fd'bflos jgsf dfWodaf6 h8La'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] ;+/If0f / lbuf] Joj:yfkg x'Fb} cfPsf] s'/f :ki6 g} 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf jg lgodfjnLsf] lgod !^ df jg sfof{non] h8La'6L Joj:yfkg ;d"x u7g ug]{ Joj:yf /fv]/ jg pkef]Qmfx?sf aLrdf 4G4 u/fpg], ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg],;fd'bflos jg x:tfGt/0f gug]{ / h8La'6L Joj:yfkg ug]{ cflbjf;L hghflt ;d'bfosf k|yfhlgt ;+:yfx?nfO{ klg dfGotf glbg] /0fgLlt clVtof/ u/]sf] :ki6 x'G5 . lgodfjnLdf ;fd'bflos jg tyf k|yfhlgt ;+:yfx?df dfWodaf6 g} h8La'6L Joj:yfkg ug]{ Joj:yf nufotsf !% a'Fb] dfu 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] 5 .
r}tGo ax'd'vL SofDk; ag]kf–*, sfe|]
sd{rf/L cfjZostf k|yd k6s k|sflzt M ldlt @)&(.)$.!% r}tGo ax'd'vL SofDk;, ag]kfsf] nfuL Student Counsellor -ljBfyL{ k/fdz{stf{_ cfjZos ePsf]n] oxL ldlt @)&(.)$.@) ut] ;Dddf lgodfg';f/ SofDk; ;do -laxfg ^M)) ah]b]lv !)M)) ah];Dd_ b/vf:t lbgsf] nfuL cfXjfg ul/G5 .
xflb{s awfO{
;+Vof M– ! -Ps_ z}lIfs of]Uotf M– Go'gtd P; Pn ;L ptL0f{ k|fyldstf M– ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k/fdz{ ug{ ;Sg], ;'/Iff sfo{df cg'ejL jf e'=k'= ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5 . tna M– SofDk;sf] lgodfg';f/ k|fKt lgj]bgsf cfwf/df 5gf}6 ul/Psf pDd]bjf/x?nfO{ -Short Listed_ dfq kl/Iffsf nfuL af]nfO{g] 5 .
r}tGo ax'd'vL SofDk; ag]kf – *, sfe|] kmf]g g+= M )!!–^^!&@@
cdg kf]6] >]i7 ej;fu/ /+lhtsf/ kbd;'Gb/ >]i7 hf]g r]o/k;{g cWoIf Sni6/ lrkm, l8l:6«s #@%, lh nfoG; jif{ @)@@–)@#
nfoG; jif{ @)@@–)@#
nfoG; Sna ckm sfe|] ag]kf
O{Zj/ dfxfh" låtLo pkfWoIf nfoG; jif{ @)@@–)@#
;'ljg dfgGw/
;'z ' g /fhj+zL
cf/Plk r]o/ d]g lnof] Sna P8\efOh/ nfoG; jif{ @)@@–)@# jif{ @)@@–)@#
xflb{s awfO{
nfoG; Sna OG6/g]zgn -l8l:6«s #@% lh, Pdl8 #@%, g]kfn_ sf] nfoG; jif{ @)@@–@)@# df o; ljBfnosf ;+rfns ;ldlt cWoIf cdg kf]6] >]i7 l8l:6«S6 #@% lh g]kfnsf] Sni6/ lrkm, sf]iffWoIf ej;fu/ /+lhtsf/ h'g r]o/ k;{g ;b:o kbd;'Gb/ >]i7 nfoG; Sna ckm sfe|] ag]kfsf] nfoG; jif{ @)@@–@# sf] cWoIfdf, ;lrj O{Zj/ dfxfh' l4tLo pkfWoIf, ;b:o ;'ljg dfgGw/ cf/Plk r]o/ d]g / ;b:o ;'zg /fhj+zL lnof] Sna P8efOh/ kbdf rog x'g' ePsf]df jxfFx? nufot ;Dk"0f{ l6dnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .
cUgLk|;fb 1jfnL, lk|lG;kn tyf
;]G6nd PNad Ps]8d ] L kl/jf/ >Lv08k'/, sfe|,] kmf]g g+= )!!–^^@%@@
o; t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;, kgf}tL–*, sfe|]knf~rf]sn] ldlt @)&( c;f/ @( df ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]uaf6 Quality Assurance and Accreditation (QAA) k|df0fkq k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} pHjn eljiosf] sfdgf ub{5f}+ .
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r]i6f ;fKtflxs
lx/fsf] ‘xf/’ s} kmf]6f]nfO{ kf“r nfv lx/fsf] xf/ kfpg] k|nf]egdf dlxnfx? 7lug yfn]sf 5g\ . d'n's aflx/ /x]sf] lu/f]xn] g]kfnsf ljleGg :yfgdf ;~hfn km}nfpFb} dlxnfx?;Fu ;fdflhs ;~hfnaf6 hf]l8b} glhssf] gftf sfod /fvL uxgf pknAw u/fPsf] atfpFb} 7uL ug{] u/]sf 5g\ . 7luPsf] ph'/L af]s]/ cfPsf dlxnfx?sf cg';f/ uxgf / /sd kfpg] k|nf]egdf kg{] u/]sf] k|x/Lsf] k|f/lDes cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 . …s]lx ;ftf b]lv cfkm' 7luPsf] dx;'; u/]sf dlxnfx?sf] hfx] / Lsf cfwf/df z' ? ul/Psf] cg';Gwfgn] b]zsf w]/} :yfgdf lu/f]xåf/f dlxnfx? k|nf]egdf k/]/ 7lug] u/]sf] ;"rgf cfPsf] 5Ú–lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf k|x/L k|d'v P;kL rqm/fh hf]zLn] eGg'eof]–…Pshgf dlxnfn] cfkm' 7luPsf] eGb} lbPsf] hfx]/Lsf cfwf/df tLg hgf kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . plgx?af6 k|fKt ;'rgfsf cfwf/df ul/Psf] cg';Gwfgn] w]/} AolQmx? 7lug] u/]sf] v'nf;f ePsf] 5 .Ú 7Ug] lu/f]x eg] g]kfn aflx/ 5 . plgx?sf] gfd jtg s]lx v'Ng ;Sb}g . lu/f]xn] g]kfns} AolQmx? k|of]u u/]/, plgx?s} gfddf a}s vftf vf]Ng nufO{ Pl6Pd / r]s ;d]t s'l/o/ dfkm{t k7fpg] u/]sf 5g\ . k|x/L k|d'v P;kL rqm/fh hf]zLn] ;j{;fwf/0f 7lugaf6 hf]lug k|nf]egdf gkm:g cg'/f]w ug{'eof] . k|x/L k|jQmf Pj+ ;"rgf clwsf/L l8P:kL xl/ vltj8fsf cg';f/ dlxnfx?nfO{ lu/f] x n] ;fdflhs ;~hfnaf6 ;Dks{ u5{g . b}lgs ;Dks{ x'Fbf 3lg:7tf a9\b} hfG5 . clGtddf bfh' alxgLsf] gftf sfod x'G5 . bfh'n] cfkm\gf] kl/ro lbb}gg\ . kmf]6f] b]vfpFb}gg\ . ;DkGg d'n'sx?df a:g], 3'Dg] / ljb]z k7fpg] sfd ug{] atfpF5g\ . lhNnfsf] kgf}tLdf 7luPsL Ps dlxnfsf] 36gf /x]sf] l8P:kL vltj8fn] atfpg' eof] . n08gdf /x]sfn] lx/fsf] uxgf ljqmL ug{] k;n cfkm\g} ePsf], a+ufnf /x]sf] / ;DkGg ePsfn] g]kfndf
8n/ b]vfP/ 7Ug] ;d'x ;lqmo l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf ;fgf]kfv/ 3/ ePsf /f]hg yfkf ls/fgf k;n ug{] u/L /sdsf] hf]xf] ul//x]sf lyP . b'aO{af6 kmls{Psf] s]lx ;dod} pgnfO{ Aoj;fo ug{] ;f]r lyof] . dfl;s !* xhf/ ?k}ofF b'aO{df sdfO{ u/L hDdf u/]sf] /sdn] Aoj;fo ug{] of]hgf agfPsf /f]hg ;fdflhs ;~hfndf ePsf] ;fdfGo kl/rod} 7lug k'u] . afx|lj;] % 3/ ePsf /fh tfdfªsf] kl/ro l;;L Sofd]/fsf] km'6]hsf cfwf/df k|x/Ln] km]nf kf¥of] . ckl/lrt AolQm;Fu ;DaGw a9]s} cfwf/df /f]hg cfkm';Fu ePsf] g]kfnL ?k}ofF ;f6\g tof/ eP . …d]/f] dfdf /;'jfsf] eG;f/df sfd ug{'x'G5, sfd ug{] l;nl;nfdf $ xhf/ % ;o 8n/ e]§fpg' eP5 . pQm 8n/ ;f6f+} eGb} k|nf]eg b]vfPÚ–kLl8t /f]hg yfkfn] eg]–…w'lnv]nsf] gf/fo0f :yfgdf tLg dlxgf cl3 dfdfnfO{ ;d]t lnP/ cfP . 6\oflS;df cfPsf plgx?n] s]lx a]/ s'/f u/] . 8n/ b]vfP . t/ vf]Ng / lng lbPgg\ . ha d}n] tLg nfv ?k}ofF lbPF plgx?n] dnfO{ ws]Nb} efu] .Ú tTsfn k|x/L sfof{no cfP/ 36gfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf] /f]hgn] atfP . k|x/Ln] Tolx ;"rgf / l;l; Sofd]/fsf] km'6]hsf cfwf/df tLg dlxgf kl5 l;Gw'kfNrf]s 3/ ePsf /fh tfdfªnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . k|x/L k|jQmf l8P:kL xl/ vltj8fn] l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] pQm j8fdf 8n/ b]vfpFb} 7Ug]x?sf] lu/f]x g} /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . o;cl3 ePsf tLgj6f 36gfdf ;f]lx j8fsf s]lx AolQmx? ;+nUg ePsf] km]nf k/]sf] 5 . s]lx t kqmfp kl/;s]sf 5g\ . k|x/Lsf]df s]lx dlxgf cl3
ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ df hUuf b]vfpg] afxgfdf 8n/sf] k|nf]egdf #) nfv ?k}ofF 7uL u/]sf] ph'/L k/]sf] 5 eg] kfFrvfnsf] vfjf glhs} ^ nfv 7uL u/]sf] ph'/L 5 . To:t} kfFrvfns} tfdf3f6, nfdL8fF8f, kgf}tLsf] rf}sf]6df 8n/ b]vfP/ g]kfnL ?k}of n'6]sf] ph'/L k/]sf] 5 . @)&& ;fpg !@ ut] kfFrvfn nfld8fF8fdf ePsf] pQm 36gfdf !) nfv 7uL u/]sf lyP . ;f]lx 36gfdf l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf ;fljs uflt uflj; $ eO{ xfn afx|lj;] gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ % 3/ ePsf #& alif{o >Lv08 tfdfª, ;f]lx j8fsf #) alif{o xs{ tfdfª, $& alif{o r}t] eGg] a'l4axfb'/ tfdfª / ^) jif{sf uf]ljGb tfdfª kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . ;f]lx ;d'xn] @)&& ;fpg !( ut] c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] tfdf3f6 k'ndf * nfv %) xhf/ ?k}ofF n'6]sf lyP . @)&^ r}q ! ut] rf}sf]6df !) nfv ?k}ofF 7uL ug{] ;f]lx ;d'xsf >Lv08 tfdfª, xs{ tfdfª / a'l4axfb'/ tfdfª ;lxt @! alif{of lkGsL tfdfª, ## alif{o ljZj/fh tfdfª / #^ jlif{o ;fg' tfdfª /x]sf 5g\ . lkGsL, ljZj/fh / ;fg' km/f/ 5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do kqmfp k/]sf /fh' tfdfªsf efO{ ;fg' klg ;f]lx k]zfdf ;+nUg 5g\ . kl/jf/ g} 7uL k]zfdf ;+nUg /x]sf] k|x/Lsf] cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf k|x/L k|d'v P;kL rqm/fh hf]zLn] g]kfnL ?k}of lbP/ 8n/ w]/} lng] nf]edf gkm:g cg'/f]w ug{' ePsf] 5 . ca}Bflgs ?kn] NofPsf] 8n/ gSsnL x'g] ePsfn] sfg"g ljk/Ltsf s'g} klg s[ofsnfkdf ;+nUg gx'g gful/sx?nfO{ k|x/L k|d'v hf]zLn] cg'/f]w ug{' ePsf] 5 .
alxgLnfO{ pkxf/:j?k lx/fsf] xf/ k7fpg] eGb} ljleGg uxgfsf] tl:j/ k7fpg] u5{g . kmf]gdf p;n] slxNo} s'/f ub{}g . P;PdP;df n]Vg] / tl:j/ k7fPs} atfpF5
cfwf/df kTofpg s/ nfU5 . em08} ^ dlxgf kl5 p;n] alxgLnfO{ %) nfv ?k}ofsf] xf/ k7fPsf] atfpF5 . t/ p !% lbg cGo d'n's hfg] ePsfn] ;Dks{ gx'g]
atfpF5 . s]lxlbg kl5 ef/tsf] /fhwfgL gofFlbNnL eGb} ckl/lrt gDj/af6 kmf]g cfpF5 . …tkfO{sf] %) nfv ?k}ofFsf] lx/fsf] uxgf cfO{k'u]sf] 5 . ;fdfg tkfO{sf] 7]ufgfdf k7fpg !) k|ltzt z'Ns nfU5 . s]lx lbg j]jf:tf x'Fbf p;n] ;fdfg ufoj agfO{ lbg] wDsL lbG5 . ptf n08gdf /x]sf ev{/ lrghfg ePsf bfO{n] pkxf/ k7fO{ lbPsf] dxËf] uxgf x/fpFbf s] xf]nf < lt dlxnfn] cfkmGt ;d]tnfO{ gegL p;n] eg]sf] b'O{j6f vftf dWo] Pp6fdf # nfv / csf{]df @ nfv ?k}ofF hDdf ul/lblG5g\ . s]lx lbg;Dd ;fdfg gcfP kl5 dfq} yfxf kfpFl5g lx/fsf] xf/sf] nf]edf cfkm' 7luPF . tTsfn k|x/Lsf]df cfPsL lt dlxnfn] vftfdf hDdf ul/lbPsf] /sdsf cfwf/df k|x/Ln] ef]hk'/ / kgf}tLaf6 tLg hgfnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . plgx?sf] aofgsf cfwf/df g]kfndf To:tf 7uL nfdf] ;do b]lv eO{/x]sf] 5 . lu/f]xn] g]kfnd} /xg] AolQmx?nfO{ yf]/} sld;g lbP/ afFsL /sd cfkm' lgsfNg] u/]sf /x]5g\ . kqmfp k/]sf AolQmsf] vftfsf cfwf/df ePsf] cg';Gwfgn] glhssf AolQmx?sf] gful/stf lng] / vftf vf]lnlbg], Tolx a}ssf] vftf ef/tdf k|of]u u/]/ /sd lgsfNg] u/]sf] v'n]sf] xf] . s'l/o/ dfkm{t vf]lnPsf gofF vftfsf] sfuhft k7fP;Fu} ;xh};Fu /sd lgsfln/x]sf] cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 . dlxnfx? cfs{ifs uxgf nufpg] nf]edf lbg k|ltlbg 7lug] u/]sf] k|x/Lsf] cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 . kqmfp k/]sfx? klg plgx?af6 7luP kl5 o:tf] wGbfdf nfu]sf] atfPsf 5g\ .
jif{ @* c+s #( @)&( ;fpg % ut] ljxLjf/
nIo eGbf w]/} d'2f btf{ nIodf *# k|ltzt km};nf w'lnv]n÷lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf aflif{ s ;ldIff u/L eP u/] s f s[ofsnfkx?sf af/]df ;+rf/sdL{x?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 . sf]le8 dxfdf/L, lgjf{rg tyf tLg hgf Gofoflwzsf] :yfgdf b'O{ hgf Gofoflwz dfkm{t ul/Psf ultljlwx? ;Gt'i6 /x]sf] >]:t]bf/ uf]ljGb l3ld/]n] atfpg' eof] . sfe|] lhNnf cbfntsf] cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( sf] jflif{s sfo{;Dkfbg ljj/0fdf l3ld/]n] lhDd]jf/L ;/]sf] ! xhf/ @ ;o @@ yfg d'2fdf gofF btf{ ! xhf/ & ;o !% u/L @ xhf/ ( ;o #& j6f /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . cbfntn] cg'dfg u/]sf] eGbf $ ;o # yfg d'2f w]/} btf{ ePsf] >]:t]bf/ l3ld/]n] atfpg' eof] . btf{ ePsf / lhDd]jf/L ;l/ cfPsf dWo] ! xhf/ # ;o &* j6f km5{\of}6 ePsf 5g\ .
k|ltztsf cfwf/df of] $^=(@ k|ltzt xf] . t/ nIosf] t'ngfdf cbfntn] *#=@! k|ltzt d'2f km};nf u/]sf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf nflu ! xhf/ % ;o %( yfg d'2f lhDd]jf/L ;l/ cfPsf] >]:t]bf/ l3ld/]n] atfpg' eof] . tLg hgf GofofwLzx?sf] b/aGbL /x]sf]df jif{ e/L g} @ hgf GofofwLz dfq sfo{/t /x]sf] x'Fbf km5{of}6 sd x'g uPsf] l3ld/]n] atfpg' eof] . ljut tLg jif{df k|lt Ohnf; d'2fsf] cf}ift nut ;+Vof ^ ;o &@ /x]sf]df ut cfly{s jif{df ! xhf/ $ ;o ^& /x]sf] lyof] . Ps hgf Gofoflwz a/fa/ jif{ e/L % ;o d'2fsf] lhDd]jf/L xf] . cbfntn] km};nf;Fu} sfof{GjognfO{ klg k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . ;ldIff sfo{qmddf lhNnf Gofoflwz df]xg/fh e§/fO{, Gofoflwz dx]Gb|/fh sfkm\n] nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
sf/fuf/df lz/ d]df]l/onn] u¥of] s}bL aGbLsf] kl/If0f
w'lnv]n÷sf/fuf/ sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]sdf /x]sf @ ;o $) hgf s}bL aGbLx?sf] :jf:Yo kl/If0f ul/Psf] 5 . lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfn ag]kfn] s}bL aGbLx?sf] :jf:Yo kl/If0fsf nflu ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] eg] l/kn g]kfnn] s}bL aGbLx?nfO{ xfO{h]lgs ls6 pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . …@)@! sf] l8;] D j/df sf/fuf/df /x]sf s}bL aGbLx?sf] :jf:Yo kl/If0fsf qmddf ;'u/ / 5fnf ;DjGwL ;d:of km]nf k/]sf] lyof]Ú–lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfn ag]kfsL d]l8sn 8fO{/]S6/ 8f= PGh] l ngf a:g] t n] eGg' e of] – …Tolx cfwf/df of] k6ssf] lzlj/df 5fnf tyf ;'u/ /f]u ljz]if1sf ;fy} cGo /f]u;Fu ;DjlGwt lrlsT;sx? / cf}ifwL pknAw u/fpg] pb]Zon] of] lzlj/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] .Ú lzlj/df d]l8l;g 8fS6/ 8f=PGh]lngf a:g]t, 5fnf /f]u ljz]if1 8f= >Ls[i0f >]i7, xf8hf]gL{ ljz]if1 8f= ;'hg kf}8\ofn, dfgl;s /f]u ljz]if1 8fS6/ 8f=hf]of;g /fyf/; nufot @@ hgf
hgzlQmsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . lrlsT;s *, kmfd{];L #, Nofj @, lkmlhof] ! g;{ # hgf ;xeflu lyP . lzlj/df lkmlhof] y]/fkL, ;'u/ k|];/ ePsf lj/fdLx?sf nflu klg yk k/fdz{ lbO{Psf] lyof] . 8f= a:g]tn] sf/fuf/df /x]sf aGbLx?sf] :jf:YonfO{ Wofg lbb} lgoldt lzlj/ tyf pkrf/df ;xof]u ug{] atfpg' eof] . sf/fuf/ sfof{no sfe|]sf h]n/ ufoqL clwsf/Ln] lj/fdL eP kl5 dfq} pkrf/ kfpg] s}bL aGbLsf nflu of] cj;/ ePsf] atfpg' eof] . sf/fuf/ leq /x]sf clwsf+z s}bL aGbLx?df 5fnf ;DjGwL, ;'u/, dfgl;s /f]u, yfO{/fO{8, d'6'/f]u nufotsf $) hgfn] lgoldt cf}ifwL ;]jg ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . l/on g]kfnn] b'O{ lk; ;fa'g, 6fa]n, j|;, d~hg / gªs6 ePsf] xfO{h]lgs ls6 @ ;o %) yfg pknAw u/fPsf] l/on g]kfnsf dfwj afFlgofn] atfP . lzlj/df ^% xhf/ a/fa/sf] cf}ifwL, $! xhf/ a/fa/sf] nGr Kofs pknAw u/fO{Psf] 5 . h]n/ ufoqL clwsf/Ln] h]nnfO{ ;'wf/ u[xsf] ?kdf cl3 a9fO{Psf] atfP .
%
r]i6f ;fKtflxs
jif{ @* c+s #( @)&( ;fpg % ut] ljxLjf/
;fpg dlxgf, xl/of] a:q, r'/f / kf]t]sf] /f}gstf
aiff{{sfnsf] ;fpg dlxgf ldlynfgL -ldlynfsf gf/L_ sf nflu ljz]if x'G5 . d}lyn lxGb" k/Dk/fdf ;fpg eujfg\ lzjsf] lk|o dlxgf dflgg] ljZjf;n] ldlynfgLsf nflu ljz]if aGb} cfPsf] xf] . ;fpgd} klg ;f]daf/sf] t cem ljlzi6 dxTj 5 . ;fpg] ;f]daf/sf lbg eujfg\ lzjnfO{ k'sf/f u/L k"hfcf/fwgf u/]/ j|t a;] OlR5t sfdgf k"/f x'g] lxGb" d}lyn hgljZjf; 5 . ;fpgdf ;f]daf/ k/]sf] lbg ldlynfgL ljleGg j:q kl/wfgdf ;lhP/ lzjelQmsf uLt ufpFb} lzjfnodf b]lvG5g\. ldlynfgLsf] of] kl/wfgleq xl/of] r'/fsf] ljlzi6 dxTjn] ubf{ clxn]
dxf]Q/L;lxtsf ldlynf If]qdf htftt} a:tL÷a:tLdf xl/of] r'/fsf] ahf/ hd]sf] b]lvG5 . xl/of] r'/f c6n ;f}efUosf] ;f}Gbo{ k|;fwg dflgg] x'Fbf ;fpg] ;f]daf/L j|tdf dlxnfn] of] /f]Hg] u/]sf x'g\. xl/of] r'/f;lxtsf] k|;fwgdf ;lhP/ eujfg\ lzjsf] ul/g] cf/fwgf / j|tn] c6n ;f}efUo k|fKt x'g] ljZjf; /x]sf] xftel/ xl/of] r'/fn] gf8L 5f]k]sL alb{jf; gu/kflnsf–( sL z}n dxtf] atfpF5g\ . ljjflxt ldlynfgL c6n ;f}efUo / cljjflxt o'jtL ;'Gb/ j/ -b'nfxf_ sf] sfdgfn] ;fpg] ;f]daf/L j|t a:5g\. gjljjflxtf ldlynfgL t ;fpgd} kltkTgLaLr lk/tL uf9f x'g] ljZjf;
u5{g\ . eujfg\ lzjsf] cf/fwgf xf];\ ls cGo wfld{s cj;/, ;f}efUo k|;fwgsf] rogdf xl/of] r'/f ldlynfgLsf] k|fyldstfd} k5{ . ;fpg] of] kj{sf cj;/df xl/of] r'/fdfq geP/ xl/of] kf]t], xl/of] ;f/L / cGo z[Ëf/ k|;fwgsf k;n ;fpg nflusg htftt} ;lhPsf 5g\ . sf]le8–!( dxfJoflwsf] ;Gqf; xl6;s]sf] gx'Fbf lhNnf k|zf;gn] d]nf, pT;j / lzjfnodf afSnf] hd36df /f]s nufPsf] lyof] t/ nfdf] ;do lgif]wf1fn] hsl8Psf ;j{;fwf/0f dxfJoflw cln sd ePsf] a]nf clxn] lzjfnodf k'u]sf] b]lvG5g\ . ldlynfgL t clxn] nfdf] sf/fuf/ a;fOaf6 5'6]h:t} ePsf 5g\ . ;w}F 3/u[x:yLdf ?dlng] ldlynfgL ;fpg nfu]kl5 ;x]nLx?sf] em'08df dg km'sfP/ xfF:b} lzjfnodf b]lvG5g\ . ;fpg dlxgfn] v]taf/L / sfGnf–kfvfdfq geP/ kl/j]z g} xl/of] agfPsf] b]lvG5 . xf6 ahf/df oltv]/ htftt} xl/of z[Ëf/ ;fwgsf k;n ;lhPsf 5g\ . o:tf z[Ëf/ k|;fwgsf k;ndf o'jf pd]/sf ldlynfgLsf] pkl:ylt ;3g b]lvG5 . dxfJoflw ;Gqf;aLr sf/f]af/ ;a} aGb eP/
sf]le8–!( af6 hf]lug clgjfo{ ?kdf df:s nufcf}+ . ;do ;dodf ;fa'g kfgLn] xft
xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\================== oxfF u'0f:t/Lo ljleGg ;fO{hsf cfw'lgs k|ljlw4f/f tof/ ul/Psf] NP3 Xo'dkfO{kx? ;'ky d'Nodf kfO{G5 . ;fy} xf]d 8]lne/Lsf] ;d]t Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 .
uf}td ;Tofn k|f]kfO6/ df]=g+=(*$!^)&^#(
k|sfz ;Tofn k|f]kfO6/ (*%!@$**(#
es'08] Xo'd kfO{k pBf]u kl/jf/ gdf]a'4 g=kf= @, es'08]j]zL, sfe|]
zf/bfb]jL xf8{j]o/ xf8{j]o/ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;fdu|Lsf] nflu xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];
lhª|fPsf Jofkf/L ;fpg nflusg kl/l:ylt ;xh aGb} uPsf] cfsng u/]/ kj{ s]lG›t Jofkf/df nfu]sf 5g\. dxfJoflw ;Gqf; 36]sf] x'Fbf w]/yf]/ Jofkf/ rNg yfn]sf] 5 . clxn] dlxnfn] xl/of] /ªsf h/L e/]sf] r'/f tyf xl/of a'§]r'/f a9L vf]Hg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . r'/f;Fu} clxn] d]xGbLsf] Jofkf/ klg km:6fPsf] 5 . ;fpgdf xl/of] r'/fh:t} xTs]nf, gf8L / gªdf d]xGbL nufpg] ldlynfgLsf] rng 5 . ;fpgdf xTs]nf, gª, cf}Fnf / gf8L;Dd snfTds 9Ën] nufOg] d]xGbLn] kltkTgLaLr k|]ddf k|uf9tf x'g] / ;k{sf] eo gx'g] ljZjf; ul/G5 . xl/of] /ªnfO{ ;d[l4sf] k|tLs klg dflgG5 . ;fpg] ;f]daf/L kj{sf atf{n' ljjflxt ldlynfgLn] kltsf] ;d[l4sf] sfdgf ub}{ xl/of] r'/f, kf]t], xl/of] n'uf / xTs]nfdf d]xGbL nufpg] k|rng 5 . To;}u/L cljjflxt gjof}jgf ldlynfgL ;'Gb/ j/ -b'nxf_ sf] sfdgf ub}{ ;fpg] j|t a:5g\ . ;fpgdf xl/of] r'/f, xl/of] kf]t], d]xGbL / xl/of] ;f8L Psn] csf{nfO{ pkxf/ lbg] rng klg afSn} ePsf] x'Fbf of] dlxgfdf o:tf ;fdfgsf] ahf/ lgs} hDg] u/]sf 5g\ . -cgnfO{gaf6 ;fef/_
zf/bfb]jL xf8{j]o/ kgf}tL–%, 9ndn] -gjHof]lt clS;hg KnfG6 cufl8_
(*%!!*&@#@
ljut @% b]lv ljut @^jif{jif{ @& b]lv
ca @^ cf}+ jif{ k|j]z ;“u}
C0f e'QmfgL ug]{ ;DaGwL !% lbg] cToGt h?/L ;"rgf ldlt M @)&(÷)$÷)%
o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lng' ePsf tklzn adf]lhd C0fL ;b:ox?n] C0f ln+bfsf] zt{ tyf efvf adf]lhd ltg'{kg]{ ;f+jf,Jofh ;dodf ga'emfO{ k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ltg{ a'emfpg gcfpg' ePsf]n] of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq cfkm"n] a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ltg{ a'emfpg cfpg' xf]nf . cGoyf afudtL k|b]z ;xsf/L P]g @)&^ sf] bkmf ^$, afudtL k|b]z ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&^ sf] bkmf !( / ;+:yfsf] ljlgod Pj+ gLlt adf]lhd C0f tyf afFsL aSof}tf c;'n pk/sf nfuL sfg"gL k|lqmof cjnDag ul/g] Aoxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}df hfgsf/Lsf nfuL of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . qm=;+= ;b:o g+
C0fLsf] gfd y/ jtg
C0f lzif{s -C0fsf] p2]Zo_
C0fLsf] gfd M sdn k|;fb aGhf/f (^%* lktf ÷kltsf] gfd M lnnfgfy aGhf/f afh]÷;;'/fsf] gfd M kbdnfn aGhf/f Gff=k|=g+= M *@&@%÷lh=k|=sf,sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL %
3/ lgdf{0f
@
C0fLsf] gfd M ;l/tf yfkf $&!^ lktf ÷kltsf] gfd M 8Da/ axfb'/ yfkf afh]÷;;'/fsf] gfd M g/ axfb'/ yfkf Gff=k|=g+= M !@!$(%÷lh=k|=sf,sfe|] 7]ufgf M kgf}tL @
hUuf v/Lb
#
C0fLsf] gfd M ch'{g s'df/ >]i7 lktf ÷kltsf] gfd M cDa/ axfb'/ >]i7 !@%%( afh]÷;;'/fsf] gfd M If]q axfb'/ >]i7 Gff=k|=g+= M @#$(^÷lh=k|=sf,sfe|] 7]ufgf M ag]kf &
!
Joj;fo
lwtf]df /x]sf] ;jf/L ;fwg tyf 3/ hUuf lhNnf M sfe]| g=kf÷uf=kf M ;'AafufpF ;fljs j8f g+ M !s Xfnsf] j8f g+ M k=g=kf % ls=g+= M &!& If]qkmn M @–%–)–@ lsl;d M w=l; lhNnf M sf7df8f}F g=kf÷uf=kf M sf=d=g=kf j8f g+ M !^ ls=g+= M $!@ If]qkmn-ju{=ld_ M !!(=@! lsl;d M zx/L r
C0fL ÷AolQmut hdfgLsf] kmf]6f]
lhNnf M sfe]| g=kf÷uf=kf M ag]kf ;fljs j8f g+ M ( ls=g+= M @#%% If]qkmn M )–!–!–@-3/ ;d]t_ lsl;d M v]=bf] -hUufwgL M hoGtL >]i7_
k'gZr M o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lnO{ ls:tf a'emfpg afFsL /x]sf ;Dk'0f{ ;b:ox?nfO{ ;d]t o;} ;'rgf dfkm{t C0fsf] ls:tf tyf Aofh ;dod} e'QmfgL ug{x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}F . ;+of]hs lwtf] lnnfd pk;ldlt
^
r]i6f ;fKtflxs
jif{ @* c+s #( @)&( ;fpg % ut] ljxLjf/
ag]kfdf km'6kfysf] cj/f]w x6fpg z'?
ag]kf÷bz jif{ cl3 z'? ePsf] ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] km'6kfysf] cj/f]w x6fpg] cleofg km]/L z'? ePsf] 5 . lg/Gt/sf] cleofg c;kmn eP;Fu} ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] k'gM lb3{sflng ?kdf km'6kfy Aojl:yt ug{] tyf gu/ ;/;kmfO{df hf]8 lbg] pb]Zon] cleofg z'? u/]sf] xf] . …xfdL lgjf{lrt x'g' cl3 ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 3f]if0ffkqdf gu/sf] ;/;kmfO{ tyf km'6kfynfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] lyof}+Ú–gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSon] eGg'eof]–…gu/nfO{ :jR5 / x/fe/f agfpg lgjf{lrt eP b]lv g} sfo{
k|f/De ePsf] 5 . km'6kfysf] cj/f]w x6fpFb} ;/;kmfO{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf 5f}+ .Ú ag]kf gu/kflnsf lhNnfsf] Aofkf/Ls s]Gb| ;d]t ePsfn] ljleGg lhNnfaf6 tyf kflnsfaf6 a;f]af; ug{] gful/sx?sf] a;fO{nfO{ Aojl:yt agfpg], b'O{ k|d'v /fhdfu{ x'Fb} cfpg] hfg] gful/sx?n] k| o f] u ug{ ] c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] bfofFafofF If]qnfO{ ;'Gb/ agfpg] cleofgn] lg/Gt/tf kfpg] pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] atfpg' eof] . …ag]kf ;'Gb/ agfpg] cleofgdf gu/af;Lx?sf] ;fy / ;xof]usf] cfjZos 5Ú–pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn]
af|08 kf|Kt u/s ] f] vl'zofnLdf th ] uu+fsf] ke | ftkm/]L
kgf} t L÷t] h u+ u f ax' d ' v L SofDk;n] ljZj ljBfno cg'bfg cfof]uaf6 pRr lzIff If]qsf] cGt/fli6«o a|f08 So"PP k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . SofDk;n] pQm a|f08 k|fKt u/]sf] pknIodf k|eftkm]/L sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L kgf}tL gu/ kl/qmdf u/]sf] 5 . k|eftkm]/L sfo{qmddf ;+:yfks SofDk; k|d'v 8f=cDa'ejfgL sfsL{ , k| f Wofksx?, ljBfyL{ x ?, hgk| l tlglwx?, ljleGg If] q sf ;/f]sf/jfnf AolQmx?, cleefjsx? tyf ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx? / SofDk; ;efsf ;b:ox? ;xeflu lyP . ;xefuLx?n] kgf}tL If]qsf] / lhNnfs} uf}/j af]s]sf] t]hu+uf SofDk;n] k|fKt u/]sf] pQm cjf8{sf] ul/df /fVg SofDk; k|zf;gnfO{ ;'emfj lbb} ;xof]u /
;dGjosf nflu k|lta4tf AoQm u/]sf 5g\ . ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]usf cWoIf k| f =8f=eLdk| ; fb ;' j ] b Ln] ;+ : yfks SofDk; k|d'v 8f=cDa'ejfgL sfsL{nfO{ k|df0f kq k|bfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . a'waf/ SofDk;n] pQm a|f08 k|fKt u/]sf] SofDk; k|d'v sfsL{n] atfpg' eof] . SofDk;n] pRr lzIffsf nfuL ;Dk'0f{ dfkb08 k"/f u/L pQm k|df0f kq k|fKt ug{ ;s]sf] xf] . t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk; ;g\ @)!$ af6 pQm sfo{qmddf cfa4 ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v lutf aGhf/f, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ * sf j8f cWoIf a]bk|;fb a~hf/f, SofDk; ;~rfns ;ldtL cWoIf lzaaxfb'/ b]phf, ;~rfns ;ldtLsf kbflwsf/Lx?, SofDk; ;ef ;b:ox?, k|fWofksx?sf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .
sd{rf/L cfjZostf ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltM–@)&(÷)$÷)# o; ;+:yfsf nflu tkl;n adf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf sfof{no ;xfos / ahf/ k|ltlgwL kbdf v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{af6 lgo'QmL ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq of]Uotf k'u]sf :jM:k"mt{ ?kdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] OR5's JolQmx?nfO{ b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . lj1fkg g+= ))!÷&(÷*) != kb M sfof{no ;xfos txM t];|f] tx kb ;+VofM ! -Ps_ z}lIfs of]UotfM !)±@ ptL0f{ ljz]if u|fÞotf M jfl0fHo zf:qdf :gfts tx jf ;f] ;/x pd]/ M!* jif{ k'/f eO{ #% jif{ ggf3]sf sfdsf] ljj/0f M ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgn] tf]s] adf]lhd tnj ;'ljwf M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ 5gf}6sf] lsl;d M lnlvt,k|of]ufTds / cGt/jftf{ jf tf]lsPsf] dWo] s'g} . tflnd,cg'ej tyf cGo of]Uotfx? M • ;xsf/L If]qdf ;+rfng ljefudf sfo{ cg'ej ePsfnfO{ laz]if u|fxotf lbOg] 5 . • sDKo"6/ ;DalGw cfwf/e"t clkm; Kofs]hsf] sf];{ u/]sf] • -Ms word, Ms Excel, PowerPoint, Email, Internet_ ;DaGwL /fd|f] bVvn ePsf] • Accounting Software ;DalGw 1fg ePsf] . • :yflgo tyf b'O{ kf+u|] ;jf/L ;fwg cg'dltkq ePsf]nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5 . @= kb M ahf/ k|ltlgwL txM bf];|f] tx kb ;+VofM ! -Ps_ z}lIfs of]UotfM P;=O{=O{= jf ;f] ;/x plt0f{ pd]/ M!^ jif{ k'/f eO{ #% jif{ ggf3]sf sfdsf] ljj/0f M ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgn] tf]s] adf]lhd tnj ;'ljwf M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ 5gf}6sf] lsl;d M lnlvt,k|of]ufTds / cGt/jftf{ jf tf]lsPsf] dWo] s'g} . cg'ej M • pQm kbdf slDtdf ! jif{ cg'ej ePsf] • sDKo"6/ ;~rfng ;DalGw ;fdfGo 1fg ePsf] • :yflgonfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5 . b/vf:t ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx? -b'O{ j6} kbsf] nflu_ !_z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL @_ gful/stf k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL #_ ;DalGwt sfdsf] cge'j kqsf] kl|tlnkL $_xfn;fn} lvrs ] f] kf;kf6]{ ;fOhsf] kmf6]f] @ kl|t %_ JolQmut ljj/0f -jfof]8f6f_ ^_ ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnkL
kbk"lt{ pk–;ldlt yk hfgsf/Lsf] nflu
kfg; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, ag]kf–*, sfe|] kmf]g g+= M )!!–^^!)#%, O{–d]nM panas.saccos@gmail.com
eGg'eof]–…lgjf{rgsf] ;dodf AoQm u/]sf] k|lta4tfsf cnfjf gful/sx?nfO{ ;xh ?kdf cfjt–hfjt ug{ / gu/nfO{ :jR5 /fVg] bfloTj k"/f ug{]5f}+ .Ú k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t k|sfz cfrfo{n] gu/kflnsfn] z'? u/]sf] km'6kfy cj/f]w x6fpg] sfo{n] lg/Gt/tf kfpg] atfpg' eof] . ;fpg ! ut]af6 lgoldt km'6kfysf] cj/f]w x6fO{g], cj/f]w ug{]nfO{ sfg"g cg';f/ sf/jfxL ug{] / lgoldt cg'udg x'g] k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t k|sfz cfrfo{n] atfpg' eof] . cfO{taf/af6 z'? ePsf] cleofgdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08] nufot lhNnf l:yt ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'vx?, ;'/Iff 6f]nL, hgk|ltlgwL, pBf]uL Aoj;foL tyf gful/s ;dfhsf k| l tlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkgdf s8fO{
ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] cfufdL ;fpg ! ut] b]lv k"0f{ ?kdf ;8ssf] bfofF afFofsf] km'6kfy nufPtsf ;fj{hflgs :yfgdf Aofkf/ Aoa;fo ug{ /f]s nufpFb} 3/ k;naf6 lg:sg] h}ljs s'lxg]_ / ch}ljs -gs'lxg]_ kmf]xf]/ alu{s/0f u/]/ dfq ;s+ng ug]{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 . gu/ If]q leqsf] ;/;kmfO{ / kfls{Ë Aoa:yfkg
ug{ ;a} gu/af;Lsf] ;fy / ;xof]u rflxg] gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSon] atfpg' eof] . km'6kfy tyf cGo ;fj{hflgs :yfgdf /flvPsf lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L x6fO{ gu/sf] ;f}Gbo{s/0f sfo{df ;a}sf] ;fy rflxg] zfSon] atfpg' eof] . gu/kflnsfn] u/]sf] k6s k6ssf] cg'/f]wnfO{ c6]/ u/L Aoa;fo ;~rfng u/]df sfg'g cg';f/ sfjf{lx ul/g] gu/kflnsfn] atfPsf] 5 . 5 . kmf]xf]/ Aoa:yfkgsf] r'gf}tL /x]sfn] j8f–j8fdf kmf]xf]/ Aoa:yfkg ug{' kg]{ ;'emfj k|fKt ePsf] gu/kflnsfn] atfPsf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] cfof]hgf / sf7df8f}+ laZjlaBfno ;fd'bflos ;DaGw la:tf/ dxfzfvfsf] ;xlhs/0fdf kmf]xf]/d}nf Aoa:yfkg / ;d'bfosf] e'ldsf laifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf kmf]xf]/d}nfsf] lb3{sfnLg Aoj:yfkgdf hf]8 lbO{Psf] lyof] . gu/kflnsf cfkm}n] kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkgdf NofPsf] of]hgfdf o; cl3 j8f cWoIfx?n] g} cj/f]w u/L ;fj{hlgs ck/fwsf] tf/]v v]lk/x]sf 5g\ . ;f]lx cj/f]wsf sf/0f gu/kflnsfn] gu/ leq kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkg ug{ g;ls b}lgs ef8f lt/]/ l;;8f]ndf kmf]xf]/ nlu/x]sf] 5 . l;;8f]n aGb x'Fbf ag]kfdf kmf]xf]/ ;+sng x'Fb}g .
e]6]l/g/L c:ktfnn] u¥of] aflif{s ;ldIff wl'nvn ] ÷e6]/]g]/L c:ktfn tyf kz;'j]f lj1 sG]b| wl'nvn ] n] aflifs { ;ldIff tyf :yfgLo txsf hgkl|tlglw / ;/fs ] f/jfnf lgsfo;uF cGtl{qmof u/s ] f] 5 . aif{e/L u/]sf ultljlwx?n] kz'kfng If]qdf ePsf k|ult tyf ;d:ofsf af/]df sfof{no k|d'v /fhs'df/ x'dfufO{n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . b'Uw pTkfbg a[l4sf nflu ePsf k|of;, ;+qmfds /f]u lgoGq0f tyf kz'kfng If]qdf b]lvPsf ;d:of / r'gf}tL tyf Aoj;foLs kz'kfngdf :yfgLo ;/sf/n] v]Ng'kg{] e"ldsfsf af/]df x'dfufO{n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbks uf}tdn] kz'kfng If]qnfO{ Aoj;foLs / dof{lbt agfpg :yfgLo ;/sf/n] gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf k|fyldstf lbg' kg{] atfpg' eof]
. s[ifssf ;d:ofdf /fHosf lgsfox? ;+j]bgzLn x'g' kg{] eP klg s[ifsx?sf ;d:ofdf sf]lx lhDd]jf/ aGg g;s]sf] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . kz'k+IfLsf] ljdf ul/Psf] eP klg ljdf /sd ;dod} gkfpg', s[lifsf nflu cfjZos dn ;dod} pknAw gx'g', pTkfbg ahf/;Dd k'¥ofpg g;Sg', ePsf] pTkfbgsf] nfut w]/} x'g' / ahf/ d'No s[ifs cg's"n gx'g' h:tf ;d:of /x]sf] ;dGjo k|d'v lbks uf}tdn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ;dGjo ;ldltsf pkk|d'v l/daxfb'/ tfdfª, kz' :jf:Yo lj1 dl0fk|;fb ;fksf]6f, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, s[ i fsx?, kz' ;] j f k|fljlwsx? nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
k|]; o'lgogsf kbflwsf/Ln] lnP lhDd]jf/L ag] k f÷g] k fnL sfF u | ] ; sf] z'e]R5's ;+:yf g]kfn k|]; o'lgog sfe|]sf] 5}7f}+ lhNnf clwj]zgaf6 lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/L, ;b:o, s]Gb|Lo k|ltlgwL / k|b]z k|ltlgwLn] lhDd]jf/L z'? u/]sf 5g\ . clwa] z gn] gu] G b| clwsf/Lsf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt lgjf{lrt ePsf] lyof] . pb\3f6g ;q ;DkGg eO{ aGb ;q z'? ePsf] nfdf] ;do kl5 o'lgogn] gofF g]t[Tj kPsf] xf] . ;f]lx cj;/df o'lgogn] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfdf lgjf{lrtx?nfO{ !% dlxgf kl5 ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 eg] @)&( a}zfvdf :yfgLo txdf sfFu|];sf tkm{af6 lgjf{lrt k|d'v, pkk|d'v, cWoIf pkfWoIfx?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] lyof] . ;fy} o'lgogsf] ;b:o eP/ :yfgLo txdf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwnfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd g]kfnL sf+u|];
sfe|]sf ;efklt lty{ nfdfsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfn k|]; o'lgogsf pkfWoIf OZj/L cf]emf, g]kfnL sf+u|]; sfe|]sf g]tf cRo't kf}8]n, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf pkk|d'v l/daxfb'/ tfdfª, g]kfnL sf+u|]; sfe|]sf pk;efklt /d]zk|;fb x'dfufO{, /f]zL ufpkFflnsf cWoIf Pj+ g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|ltlgwL;ef If]q g+ ! sf ;efklt lbg]z nfdf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf k"j{cWoIf Pj+ o'lgogsf ;Nnfxsf/ ef]nf yfkf, g]kfn k|]; o'lgog sfe|]sf k"j{cWoIf gf/fo0f ;fksf]6f, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf alb|/fh ltdlN;gf, k|]; rf}tf/L g]kfn sfe|]sf cWoIf e'jg /fodfemL, k|]; ;]G6/ sfe|] cWoIf /f]hg tfdfª, ;dfhjfbL k|]; ;+u7g sfe|] cWoIf ;Gtf]if rf}nfufO{ nfuotn] :yfgLo txsf ;/sf/n] ;~rf/ If]q;uF ;dGjo u/]/ cl3 a9\g ;'emfj lbPsf lyP .
sf7df8f}+df df]xg b'jfn bDklQ ;Ddflgt sf7df8f}÷l;l4Zj/dfg cIfnf]s ;flxlTos s]Gb|, sf7df8f}+n] /fli6«o gfr3/df ljljw If]qdf s[ofzLn ;flxTosf/, ;fdflhs cleoGtf, lzIffljb\ x ? nufotnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;flxlTos ;df/f]xdf ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfn / ef/tL >]i7 b'jfnnfO{ g]kfnL ;flxTosf] >Lj[l4df ;dlk{t elu/y tk:jL hf]8Lsf ?kdf ljlzi6 of]ubfgsf] sb/ ub}{ …o'un ;flxTo
;fws ;DdfgÚ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf s'nklt u+ufk|;fb pk|]tLn] ef/tL >]i7nfO{ bf];Nnf nufOlbg' ePsf] lyof] . :jf:Yo tyf hg;ª\Vof dGqL ejfgLk|;fb vfk'ªn] df]xg b'jfnnnfO{ ;Ddfg kq k|bfg ug'{ ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf ;Ddfg kl5 cfkm\gf] ljrf/ /fVb} df]xg b'jfnn] ;fljqL >]i7n] l;l4Zj/dfg >]i7sf] :d[ltdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] o; s]Gb|n] ;flxTo If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ u/]/ b]vfpg] atfpg' eof] .
ag]kf gu/ afn>d d'Qm 3f]if0ff ug{ cg'udg ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfnfO{ afnd}qL gu/ 3f]if0ffsf nflu afn>d d'Qm gu/sf nflu xf]6n, Uof/]h, ;jf/L ;fwg, 3/ tyf pBf] u snsf/vfgfdf afnaflnsfx? k|of]u eP gePsf] cg'udg u/]sf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] pQm cg'udg sfo{qmddf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08], lhNnf l:yt ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . gu/ k| d ' v zflGt/Tg zfSon] gu/kflnsfnfO{ afnd}qL gu/ 3f]if0ffsf nflu o; cl3 3f]if0ff ePsf] afnd}qL gu/ pGd'v 3f]if0ff eO{;s]sfn] afFsL ;'rsx? k'/f ug{ lg/Gt/ ;lqmo /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08]n] afnaflnsfx?nfO{ hf]lvd / lgs[i6 >ddf gnufpg Aoj;foLx?nfO{ cg'/f]w ug{' eof] . pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] >ddf ePsf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ !% lbg leq k'g{:yfkgfdf k7fpg / gdfg] sfg'g cg';f/ sf/jfxL ug{ l;kmfl/; ug{] ePsfn] ;a} gu/afl;x?n] afn>d d'Qm gu/ 3f]if0ffsf nflu afnaflnsfx?nfO{ hf]lvdo'Qm sfddf gnufpg cg'/f]w ug{' eof] . k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t k|sfz cfrfo{n] gu/kflnsfn] afnd}qL gu/pGd'v 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sfn] afnd}qL gu/sf nflu cfjZos kg{] s]lx ;'rsx? k'/f u/L afnd}qL gu/ 3f]if0ff ug{] atfpg' eof] . afn>d d'Qm gu/sf nflu aflif{s b'O{ k6s cg'udg ug{' k5{ . cg'udgsf qmddf afnaflnsfx? >ddf nfu]sf] kfO{P tTsfn k'g:yf{kgf ug{] / c6]/ u/] >ddf
nufpg]nfO{ sf/jfxL u/L afnaflnsfx?nfO{ afnu[xdf k7fpg' kg{]5 . ag] k f gu/kflnsfn] zx/L If]qx?sf] cg'udg u/]sf] xf] . dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf h]i7 gful/s zfvfsf] cu' j fO{ d f ePsf] cg' u dgdf ag] k f gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ %, ^, &, *, (, !), !!, !@, !# / !$ sf zx/L If]qdf /x]sf xf]6n tyf Uof/]h, ;jf/L ;fwg, pBf]u snsf/vfgf s]lGb|t ul/Psf] lyof] . klxnf] r/0fdf g;lsPsf] cg'udgnfO{ bf]>f] r/0fdf /flvPsf] zfvf k|d'v ljhof ;'j]bLn] atfpg' eof] . cl3Nnf] k6ssf] cg'udgdf Pshgf afn>ddf e]l6Psfn] tTsfn k'g:yf{kgfdf k7fO{Psf] lyof] . bf]>f] r/0fsf] cg'udgdf klg s] l x xf] 6 nx?n] afnaflnsfx?sf] kfl/jf/Ls cj:yfsf sf/0f sfddf nufO{Psf] km]nf k/]sf] zfvf k|d'v ;'j]bLn] atfpg' eof] . !$ jif{ eGbf dfly !* jif{;Ddsf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ljBfno k7fP/ plgx?n] ;Sg] vfnsf sfddf nufpg kfpg] eP klg lgs[i6 >ddf eg] nufpg kfO{g] 5}g . cg'udgsf qmddf O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|x/L lgl/Ifs gf/fo0f yfkf, afn sNof0f ;ldltsf k"j{ cWoIf /fds'df/ d'NdL, j8f cWoIfx?, zfvf k|d'vx?, pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3, gful/s ;dfh, afn Snj tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . lhNnfsf] Aofkf/Ls s]Gb| tyf ljleGg lhNnf / kflnsfx?sf] ;d]t a;f]af; /x]sfn] afn>d x'g ;Sg] eGb} gu/kflnsfn] lg/Gt/ cg'udg u/]sf] xf] . lhNnfsf] w]/} hg;+Vof ePsf] kflnsfsf] ?kdf ag]kfnfO{ lnO{G5 . ag]kfdf ^& xhf/ ^ ;o @( gful/ssf] a;f]af; 5 .
lhNnf k|zf;gdf /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+ssf] PS;6]G;g
w'lnv]n÷lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]sn] ;]jfu|fxLx?sf] ;"ljwfsf] nflu sfof{no kl/;/df /fli6«o afl0fHo a}ssf] PS;6]G;g sfpG6/ :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . b}lgs rf/ nfv eGbf w]/} /fhZj ;+sng x'g] k|zf;g sfof{nodf ;]jfu|flxx?sf] c;'ljwfnfO{ ;xhtf agfpg sfpG6/ :yfkgf ul/Psf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08]n] atfpg' eof] . …O{n]lS6«s /fxbfgL agfpg cfpg] ;]jfu|flxx?sf nflu a}ssf] sfpG6/ glhs} gePsf sf/0f emGeml6nf] / c;xh ePsf] lyof]Ú–k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08]n] eGg'eof]–…b}lgs Ps ;o eGbf w]/} ;]jfu|flxx?n] a}ssf] k|of]u u5{g . *) hgf eGbf w]/} /fxbfgL agfpg cfpg]x? 5g\ eg] ;+3 ;+:yf gljs/0f tyf btf{, d'2fsf] w/f}6L / cGo k|of]hgsf] /fhZj a'emfpg a}+ssf] sfpG6/n] ;xh agfPsf] 5 .Ú k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L kf08]n] sfof{nosf] ;'zf;g leq a}ssf] sfpG6/nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL k|s[of cl3 a9fPsf] s]lx dlxgfd} ;]jf z'ef/De ug{ ;kmn ePsf] atfpg' eof] .
/fli6«o afl0fHo a}sn] o;cl3 dfnkf]t sfof{nodf klg PS;6]G;g sfpG6/ :yfkgf u/]sf] lyof] . w'lnv]n, ag]kf / gdf]a'4sf] es'08]df zfvf :yfkgf ul/ ;]jf lbPsf] a}sn] u|fxsx?nfO{ ;Gt'i6 x'g] u/L ;]jf k|bfg ug{] a}+ssf pksfo{sf/L lgb{]zs ;/:jtL clwsf/Ln] atfpg' eof] . g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L tyf /fi6« ;]js sd{rf/Lx?;Fu} ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu klg a}sn] ;x'lnot tyf ;xh tl/sfn] ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sfn] /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+ssf] ;]jf lng clwsf/Ln] cg'/f]w ug{' eof] . ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L cd/lbk ;'g'jf/n] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf k|fKt x'g] ;a} vfnsf /fhZjx? a}sdf ;f]lx ;dodf ;]jfu|flx cfkm}n] bflvnf ug{ ;Sg] ;'ljwf pknAw ePsfn] gful/sx? k|lt ;/sf/L ;]jfdf yk ljZj;lgotf x'g] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf a}ssf ck|];g ljefu k|d'v b'uf{s'df/L sF8]n, w'lnv]n zfvf k|aGws OZj/Lk|;fb 9'Ë]n, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf ljgf]b Gof}kfg] nufotn] a}+ssf] ;]jfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg l56f], 5l/tf] / k|ljwL d}qL ;]jf k|bfg ug{' kg{] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] .
tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLnfO{ shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] !% lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&(.$.%
o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lnPsf tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLn] C0f lnbf ul/lbPsf] lnvt / C0f :jLs[tkqsf] zt{df tf]lsP cg';f/ ;do ;dodf a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fFjf, Jofh tyf cGo b} b:t'/ cflb glt/L ga'emfO{ ;+:yf;+u u/]sf] zt{ sa'lnotsf] pNn3+g u/]sf] / ;+:yfsf] shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfgsf] nflu shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] #%-k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;d]t k|sflzt e};s]sf]n] k"gM of] !%-kGw|_ lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . cGo Joxf]/fsf] lgldQ ldlt @)&(÷)@÷@^ ut]sf] r]i6f ;fKtflxsdf k|sflzt #% lbg] ;"rgf x]g{' x'g cg'/f]w 5 .
C0fLsf] ljj/0f != gfd M >L w'|jk|;fb l3ld/] gful/stf g+= M #$÷!*#$ afa' M nf]sk|;fb l3ld/] afh] M eflu/y l3ld/] 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n )$ sfe|]
@= gfd M ;ljgf l3ld/] gful/stf g+= M $@$*# afa' M g/xl/ ;'j]bL klt M >L w'|jk|;fb l3ld/] 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n )$ sfe|]
&
r]i6f ;fKtflxs
jif{ @* c+s #( @)&( ;fpg % ut] ljxLjf/
ljBfyL{nfO{ ;]gfsf] ‘Pg;L;L’ tflnd
ag] k f÷g] k fnL ;] g fsf] sflnh+u u0f w'lnv]nn] lhNnfsf tLg ljBfnodf cWoog/t ! ;o * ljBfyL{x?sf nflu h'lgo/ l8lehg Pg;L;L tflnd z'? u/]sf] 5 . yk ltg ljBfnodf l;lgo/ l8lehg tflndsf] tof/L ePsf] 5 . P;cf]P; afnu|fd, c?0ff]bo dfjL / ;fd'bflos ljBfno kgf}tLdf cWoog/t sIff *–!) sf k|lt ljBfno !* 5fqf / !* 5fq u/L #^ hgfsf b/n] ! ;o * hgf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ h'lgo/ l8lehg Pgl;l; tflnd z'? ul/Psf] xf] . ! ;o lbgsf] tflnddf &( lbg ljBfnod} lbO{g]5 eg] @! lbgsf] tflnd …Snf]h SofDkÚsf ?kdf alb{af;df x'g]5 . …tflnddf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ /fi6«k|]d, g]t[Tj ljsf;, cg'zf;g, hkmfb]lxtf, O{dfGbfl/tf / akmfbfl/tfsf af/]df l;sfO{g]5Ú–sflnh+u u0f w'lnv]nsf u0fklt s0f{ ] n ldng yfkfn] eGg' e of] – …;} G onufot dfgjLo / ;fdflhs If]qsf af/]df afnaflnsfnfO{ Ps ;o lbgsf] tflnd lbOg]5 .Ú tflndsf nflu Go"gtd
dfkb08 k"/f ePsf afnaflnsf 5gf]6 ul/Psf] 5 . tflnddf ;}Go 1fg, ljifb\ Joj:yfkg, ;/;kmfO{ tyf jftfj/0f nufotsf ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . ljBfyL{sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon] pQm tflnd g]kfnL ;]gfn] @)@@ ;fn sflQs & ut]af6 z'¿ u/]sf] lyof] . nfdf] ;do;Dd pQm tflnddf % ;on] eGbf tflnd k|fKt ug{ ;s]sf lyPgg\ . cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷@)&# af6 g]kfnL ;]gfn] pQm tflnd k'gM z'¿ u/]sf] lyof] . sfe|]df klg pQm tflnd cfly{ s jif{ @)&!÷@)&@ af6 z'? ePsf] lyof] . sIff *–!) ;Ddsf afnaflnsfsf nflu h'lgo/ tflnd lbOg]5 eg] sIff !! / !@ sf ljBfyL{sf nflu l;lgo/ tflnd lbOg] 5 . pQm tflnd kZrft afnaflnsfx? eljZodf g]kfnL ;]gf / g]kfn k|x/Ldf ;d]t hfg rfx]sf] cj:yfdf ;xh x'g]5 . sf]/f]gf efO{/;sf] cjwLdf eg] pQm tflnd ;+rfng x'g ;s]g . o;cl3 ag]kfsf] gfO{l6Ë]n Ps]8]dL, kgf}tLsf] P;cf]P; afnu|fd / c?0ff]bo dflj, kfFrvfnsf] uf]N8]g
ˆo'r/ dflj / gdf]a'4sf] es'08]df /x]sf] hgs dfljdf ;]gfsf] /fli6«o ;]jf bn u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . uf]N8]g, hgs / P;cf]P; afnu|fddf l;lgo/ l8lehg tyf gfO{l6Ë]n / c?0ff]bodf h'lgo/ l8lehg u7g ePsf] lyof] . pQm tflndsf] cj;/df hgs dflj !^ ljBfnodf pTs[i6 ePsf] lyof] eg] kgf}tLsf] c?0ff]bo dfljaf6 5fqf k|:t'lts/0fdf pTs[i6 ePsL lyO{g\ . ljBfno hLjg b]lv g} afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ /fli6«o Pstfsf] efjgf hufpg, akmfbfl/tf, Odfgbfl/tf, cg'zf;g, g]t[Tj ug]{ afgLsf] ljsf; ug]{ p2]Zon] g]kfnL ;]gfn] ljBfnodf /fli6«o ;] j f bn u7g u/] s f] xf] . ljBfyL{ / cleefjsx¿sf] ?lr, prfO tyf tf}n, zf/Ll/s :j:ytf nufotsf dfkb08sf cfwf/df ljBfyL{x¿ 5gf}6 ul/Psf] x'G5 . /fli6«o ;]jf bn u7g ug{' cl3 g]kfnL ;]gfsf] sflnh+u u0f
w'lnv]nsf u0fklt s0f]{n ldng yfkfn] cleefjs, ljBfyL{ / lzIfsx¿nfO{ /fli6«o ;]jf bnsf] p2]Zosf af/]df cled'vLs/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cWoogdf s'g} c;/ gkfg]{ u/L ;]jf bndf ;xefuL ePsfx¿nfO{ laxfg a]n'sfsf] cltl/Qm ;dodf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] 6f]nLn] tflnd k|bfg ug]{5 . tLg dlxg] tflnddf ;xefuLx¿nfO{ ;]gfn] kf];fs nufotsf cfjZos ;fdfu|L lgMz'Ns pknAw u/fpg]5 . ljBfno txdf lnOg] tflnd ;dfkg kl5 ;]gfn] ljleGg :yfgdf /x]sf o'lg6x¿df …Snf]h SofDkÚ df tLg ;ftf eGbf nfdf] ;do ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg]5 . ;f]lx tflnddf pTs[i6 ePsfx¿nfO{ ;]gfn] ljleGg b]zdf cWoog cjnf]sgsf nflu k7fpg] 5 . ljz]if u/L :yfgLo :t/df x'g] ljleGg vfnsf ljkb\ ePsf] cj:yfdf To;sf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu /fli6«o ;]jf bndf cfa4 eO{ tflnd k|fKt ljBfyL{x¿ ;lqmo x'g ;s'g\ eGg] p2]Zon] ljBfno tx b]lv g} ljBfyL{x¿n] ;lqmo agfOPsf] xf] . g]kfndf ljkb\ w]/} ePsfn] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ug{ :yfgLo txd} hgzlQm tof/ ug]{ p2]Zon] pQm ;]jf bnnfO{ P]gdf ePsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ sfof{Gjog ;'? ul/Psf] xf] . tflnd kZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ PNd'gfO{ P;f]l;P;g dfkm{t ;lqmo u/fO{ ;fdflhs sfddf ;d]t pTk|]/0ff hufpg] clek|fon] /fli6«o ;]jf bn u7g ul/Psf] xf] . g]kfnL ;]gfsf] sflnh+u u0f w'lnv]nsf u0fklt s0f]{n ldng yfkfn] h'lgo/ l8lehg tflndsf] p¢f6g ug{' ePsf] 5 .
xflb{s >4f~hnL
xflb{s >4f~hnL hGd !(($.%.!)
d[To' @)&(.#.@&
:j= uf]j4{g rf}+nfufO{ g]skf Pdfn] lhNnf sld6L ;b:o ;hgf cfrfo{sf k"hgLo ;;'/f tyf g]skf Pdfn] w'lnv]n gu/ @ g+= j8fsf sfo{jfxs j8f sld6L cWoIf ;'lgn rf}+nfufO{sf k"hgLo lktf uf]a4{g rf}+nfufO{ sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .
g]skf Pdfn] w'lnv]n gu/ @ g+= j8f sld6L kl/jf/, /lj, sfe|]
xflb{s >4f~hnL
xflb{s >4f~hnL :j= uf]j4{g rf}+nfufO{
:j= k|]ds'df/L 3f]/;fOg]
hGd M !(($.%.!) d[To' M @)&(.#.@&
hGd !((#.#.!&
d[To' @)&(.$.@
:j= lty{dfof >]i7 o; ;+:yfsf Joj:yfks d08gb]pk'/–&, s'Gtfj]zL lgjf;L Zofd s'df/ >]i7 z]o/ ;b:o lednfn >]i7, s[i0f sd'f/ >]i7sf ddtfdoL dftf lty{dfof >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .
ab|Lk|;fb ;fksf]6f cWoIf
/fhg ;fksf]6f sfo{sf/L clws[t
;+sNk :j]s art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ d08gb]pk'/ g=kf=–&, s'Gtfj]zL, sfe|]
hGd M @))@.@.@) d[To' M @)&(.#.@@
g]skf Pdfn] lhNnf sld6L ;b:o ;hgf cfrfo{sf k"hgLo ;;'/f tyf g]skf Pdfn] w'lnv]n gu/ @ g+= j8fsf sfo{jfxs j8f sld6L cWoIf ;'lgn rf}+nfufO{sf k"hgLo lktf uf]a4{g rf}+nfufO{ tyf j8f sld6L ;lrj /d]z 3f]/;fOg]sf] ddtfdoL dftf k|]ds'df/L 3f]/;fO{gs ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[ts4ok|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgx?df xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .
cWoIf
g]skf Pdfn] w'lnv]n gu/ sld6L kl/jf/, w'lnv]n, sfe|]
efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd @))$.)*.@(
d[To' @)&(.#.@(
:j= /d]z sfo:y /f]6/L Sna ckm sfe|]sf ;lqmo ;b:o /f]6l/og dx]z sfo:ysf k"hgLo lktf /d]z sfo:ysf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .
bdgs'df/ >]i7 cWoIf
/f]6/L Sna ckm sfe|] kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]
d[To' @)&(.#.#)
:j= ;"o{ k|;fb Gof}kfg] ;fljs pu|tf/f uflj; j8f g+= ^ xfn ag]kf g=kf j8f g+= ( lgjf;L ;dfh;]jL wfld{s cg'i7fg tyf dfgjLo ;]jf ub{} cfpg'ePsf ;"o{ k|;fb Gof}kfg] -zDe'_ sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .
cfTdf/fd yfkf cWoIf
bof/fd dxt
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hGd !(($.!.@#
d's'Gb/fh b]phf d"n k"hf/L
>L uf]/vsfnL dlGb/ tyf O{R5]Zj/ ^$ ln+u lzj dlGb/ ;+/If0f ;ldlt kl/jf/, ag]kf–!), yfkfufpF, sfe|]
efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL
hGd @))$.)*.@(
d[To' @)&(.#.@(
:j= /d]z sfo:y xfd|f cfTdLo ldq c~hnL sfo:ysf k"hgLo lktf /d]z sfo:ysf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .
cfhfb df=lj= @)$# ;d"x kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]
*
r]i6f ;fKtflxs
;]tLb]jL b'Uw pTkfbsn] kfof] #$ nfv cg'bfg /lj÷afudtL k|b]z s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno kz'kG5L tyf dT:o ljsf; lgb{]zgfno x]6f}8faf6 cfly{s aif{ @)&*÷)&( sf] b'w pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t cg'bfg ;]tLb]jL b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= w'lnv]nn] #$ nfv (* xhf/ * ;o %^ ?k}ofF k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . Ps jif{df @! nfv #^ xhf/ %$ ln6/ b'w pTkfbg u/]afkt k|ltln6/ ! ?k}ofF ^# k};fsf b/n] pQm /sd cg'bfg k|fKt u/]sf] ;]tLb]jL b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf cWoIf rt{'e'h ltdlN;gfn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . afudtL k|b]zsf] s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfnosf] kz'kG5L tyf dT:o ljsf; lgb{]zgfnoaf6 pQm cg'bfg s[ifssf] xftd} k'Ug] u/L k|bfg ul/Psf] / k|ToIf nfelGjt ePsf] ltdlN;gfn] atfpg' eof] . utjif{ b]vL s[ifsnfO{ pQm cg'bfg ljt/0f ug{ nfluPsf] jfudtL k|b]z b'Uw ljsf; af]8{sf pkfWoIf l6sfaNba ;fksf]6fn] jtfpg' eof] . ;+:yfdf xfn ! xhf/ eGbf a9L ;b:o /x]sf] ;+:yfn] cfufdL jif{ af6 ^) j6f ufO{ kfng z'? ug{] atfPsf] 5 . ;+:yfn] To;sf nfuL ef}lts k'jf{wf/ kmd{ tof/ ul/;s]sf] / cfufdL jif{af6 ;+:yfs} ;~rfngdf & ;o j6f ufO{kfng ug{] pkfWoIf lg/Ghg u]nfnn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf jflif{s #* xhf/ &( ln6/ b'w ;+:yfnfO{ ljlqm ug{] s[ifs
jif{ @* c+s #( @)&( ;fpg % ut] ljxLjf/
e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no ;Nn] e'Dn', sfe|]knf~rf]s
;]jf s/f/df kbk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwL ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&(.$.!
e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf cGtu{t /x]sf ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?sf nflu cfjZos sd{rf/L -lzIfs_ tkl;nsf] kbdf v'nf k|lt:kwf{af6 ;]jf s/f/df lng] elg ldlt 2079÷04÷01 df ufpFkflnsfsf] sfof{noaf6 lg0f{o eP adf]lhd lgDg cg';f/sf] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sn] dfu adf]lhdsf ljj/0f / /fh:j lt/]sf] /l;b ;lxt tyf w'lnv]n j8f gDa/ @ sf j8f cWoIf ch{'g Gof}kfg]n] cg'bfg afkt ^@ xhf/ # ;o &# ?kofF k|fKt ug{' ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L ;+:yfdf ## xhf/ # ;o ($ ln6/ b'w ljlqm ug{] s[ifs huGgfy 9'Ëfgfn] %$ xhf/ ^ ;o (( / /fdrGb| Gof}kfg]n] @) xhf/ * ;o ^# ln6/ b'w ljlqm u/L #$ xhf/ ! ;o *# ?kof k|fKt ug{' ePsf] 5 . s[ifsx?nfO{ cfkm'n] hlt b'w ljlqm u/]sf] xf] To;df l;w} cg'bfg k|ltln6/ ! ?k}ofF ^# k};fsf b/n] ljt/0f ul/Psf] atfPsf] 5 . pQm cg'bfg jfudtL k|b]z b'Uw lasf; af]8{sf pkfWoIf l6sfaNba ;fksf]6fn] ljt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;fksf]6fn] k|b]zsf ;Dk'0f{ s[ifsx?nfO{ k|ToIf nfe x'g] u/L b'wdf cg'bfg ljt/0f ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] .
;]tLb]jL b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L k|b]zs} pTs[i6 b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+:yf ePsf] ;fksf]6fn] atfpg' eof] . ;xsf/Ln] ca b'w lng] / lbg] dfq geO{ cfkm} s[lif kmd{ z'? ug{'kg{], b'wsf ljleGg kl/sf/x? pTkfbg u/L ljlqm ljt/0f tkm{ nfUg'kg{] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf e]6]l/g/L c:ktfn tyf kz'lj1 ;]jf s]Gb| w'ln]v]nsf k|d'v /fhs'df/ x'dfufO{, sfe|] lhNnf b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;3+lnsf cWoIf tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ !! sf j8f cWoIf gf/fo0f a8fn nufPtsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{ q md ;+ : yfsf cWoIf rt{ ' e ' h ltdlN;gfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no
;]jf s/f/df kbk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwL ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&(.$.!
e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf cGtu{t /x]sf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; zfvf, :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?, s[lif ljsf; zfvf, kz' ljsf; zfvf, j8f sfof{no / pBd ljsf; sfo{qmdsf nflu cfjZos sd{rf/L tkl;nsf] kbdf v'nf k|lt:kwf{af6 ;]jf s/f/df lng] elg ldlt @)&(÷)$÷)! df ufpFkflnsfsf] sfof{noaf6 lg0f{o eP adf]lhd lgDg cg';f/sf] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sn] dfu adf]lhdsf ljj/0f / /fh:j lt/]sf] /l;b ;lxt o; ufpFkflnsfsf]
cfjZos z}lIfs of]Uotf != df lj sDKo'6/ M B.Ed. in ICT jf ;f] ;/x . @= lg df lj sDKo'6/ M Diploma in ICT jf ;f] ;/x . #= df lj c+u|]hL, u0fLt, g]kfnL, lj1fg, n]vf M dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfjf6 ;+DjlGwt ljifodf :gfts tx jf ;f] ;/x plt0f{ tyf ;f]xL txsf] cWofkg cg'dlt kq k|fKt . $= lg df lj c+u|]hL, ul0ft M dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfjf6 ;+DjlGwt ljifodf k|lj0ftf k|df0fkq tx jf ;f] ;/x plt0f{ tyf ;f]xL txsf] cWofkg cg'dlt kq k|fKt . %= of]u lzIfs M dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 of]udf :gfts tx jf ;f] ;/x ptL0f{ . ^= g[To lzIfs M dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfjf6 g[Todf :gfts tx jf ;f] ;/x ptL0f{ . &= v]ns'b lzIfs M dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfjf6 :jf:Yo zf/Ll/s ljifodf :gfts tx jf ;f] ;/x ptL0f{ . *= lg=df=lj= Jofs/0f lzIfs M dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfjf6 Jofs/0f ljifo lnO{ zf:qL plt0f{ u/]sf] . (= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&(.)$.08 ut] ck/fxGg 5 jh] leq e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfdf . !)= ;+nUg sfuhftx? M z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0f kqsf k|ltlnlkx?, gul/stfsf] k|ltlnlk, cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnlk -sDKo'6/ lzIfs jfx]s_ . !!= tnj :s]n M g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] jdf]lhd . glan a}+s ln= df /x]sf] e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf] vftf !@= kl/Iff b:t'/ Mdflj ?=!))), lgdflj ?=&)) / k|f=lj÷sf=;= ¿=50) g+= @!%)!)!&%)))$% /sd bflvnf u/L !#= kl/Iffsf] kf7\oqmd M lzIfs ;]jf cfof]un] tf]s] jdf]lhd . ;Ssn} ef}r/ a'emfpg] . !$= kl/Iff ldlt M kl5 k|sfzg ul/g] .
lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu gful/s d~r -l;ljs kmf]/d_
sd{rf/L cfjZostf ;DaGwL ;"rgf -;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltM @)&(÷)$÷)% ut], ljlxjf/_ ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g -;fdL_ g]kfn ;/sf/ / :jL; ;/sf/ aLrsf] låkIfLo ;Demf}tf adf]lhd >d, /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfno / :yfgLo ;/sf/x?sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+rflnt 5 . sfo{qmdnfO{ :jL; ;/sf/ ljsf; ;xof]usf] tkm{af6 x]Ne]6f; g]kfnn] k|fljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fO/x]sf] 5 . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf ;'/lIft a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf nflu cfk|jf;L ;|f]t s]Gb| -;"rgf tyf k/fdz{ s]Gb|_ ;+rfng tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfdf ;d'bfo ;r]lts/0fsf sfo{qmdx?, dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ / ljQLo ;fIf/tf ;DaGwL sfo{qmdx? ;+rfngdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf / :yfgLo ;]jf k|bfos lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu gful/s d~r -l;ljs kmf]/d_ ;+:yf aLr ;Demf}tf eO{ sfo{qmdsf] lqmofsnfkx? sfof{Gjog ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . ;fdL sfo{qmdsf] nflu tk;Ln cg';f/sf] hgzlQmx? cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf lgDgfg';f/ of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's JolQmx?af6 ;"rgf k|sflzt ldltn] & -;ft_ lbg leq b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] / /Lt gk'u]sf b/vf:tx? dfly s'g} sf/jfxL ul/g] 5}g . tkl;nM
!= b/vf:t lbg] :yfgM e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf] sfof{no @= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltM @)&(.)$.)* -sfof{no ;do leq_ #= cfj]bg b:t'/M clws[t :t/sf nflu ?=10)), ;xfos – ?=700 / ;jf/L rfns÷sf=;= –?=500 $= b:t'/ a'emfpg] ljlw glan a}+s ln= df /x]sf] e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf] vftf g+= @!%)!)!&%)))$% df /sd hDdf u/L ;Ssn} ef}r/ b/vf:t kmf/d ;Fu} e'Dn' uf kf sf] k|zf;g zfvfdf k]z ug{ ;lsg]5. %= cfj]bg ;fy ;+nUg sfuhftx? cfj]bs :jod\ n] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] b]xfo adf]lhd sfuhftsf] k|ltlnlkx? s_ gful/stf v_ Go'gtd of]Uotfsf] nAwfÍ k|df0fkq u_ rfl/lqs k|df0f kq 3_ sfd ;Fu ;DalGwt cg'ej eP ;f]sf] sfuhft ª_ # k|lt kf;kf]{6 ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] r_ ;DalGwt sfplG;ndf btf{ x'g'kg]{ kbsf nflu sfplG;n btf{ k|df0f kq ^= ;]jf ;'ljwfM g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;DalGwt kb÷txsf nflu tf]s] cg';f/ x'g]5 . 7= pd]/ xbM clws[t :t/sf] kbdf @! jif{ k'/f eO{ $% jif{ ggf3]sf] / cGo kbsf nflu !* jif{ k'/f eO{ $% jif{ ggf3]sf] / o; ufpFkflnsfdf k"j{ sfo{/t -;]jf s/f/df_ sd{rf/LnfO{ pd]/ xb nfUg] 5}g .
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r]i6f ;fKtflxs
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jif{ @* c+s #( @)&( ;fpg % ut] ljxLjf/
d]/f] syf, d]/f] Joyf
motiramtimalsina@gmail.com
;DaGw, ljZjf; clg kl/jf/ sfg"g aGof] eg] klg, ;+ljwfg hf/L eP klg Aojxf/df sfof{Gjog gx'Fbf ;Dd Gofosf] dx;'; x'Fb}g . k'?ifx?n] h] u/] klg dlxnfx?n] ;xg} kg{] < dlxnf eg]sf] ljqmLsf nflu /flvPsf a:t' x'g\ < clxn] klg k'?ifx?n] Tolx ;f]lr/x]sf x'G5g\ . kl/jt{g hlt xf];\ . AolQm leq /x]sf] k'?ifTjsf] bDen] dlxnfx?nfO{ hlxn] Tolx b[li6sf]0fn] x]l/ /xG5g\ . slxn] xf] o:tf] ;f]rsf] kl/jt{g < efjLn] n]v]sf] dfq} kfFObf] /x]5 . c? ?v r9] eg]/ cfkm' ;u/dfyf r9\g vf]Hg' ePg . efjLn] h] n]lv lbPsf] 5 Tolx ef]Ug'kg{] dfgj rf]nfdf s;nfO{ s] eGg] < cfkm} b'Mv ;'v u/]/ vfPsf] klg b]Vg g;Sg] of] ;dfhdf h;n] ul//x]sf] 5 kfk p;sf] dfq} x'g] /x]5 kmlnkmfk . wd{ s f gfddf hlt;' s } hf]lug vf]Hof], c?nfO{ b'Mv glbg vf]Hof] Tolt g} x]Kg] / k]Ng] of] ;dfhsf] l/lt g} /x]5 . cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] a]nf d[u h:t} ;dfhdf clns s]lx ePg eg] ;a}n] x]g{] b[li6sf]0fdf cfsfz hldg km/s kg{] /x]5 . v} s] v} s] < Tolt w]/} a'em\g] eO{ lbPsf] eP o:tf] dd{ lsg elg/xg' kb{Yof] / < a'af cfdfn] w]/} dfof ug{] ;Gtfg dWo] d klg kb{y]+ . rf/ bfh'x? / tLg lbbLx? kl5sf] d . * ;Gtfg hGdfP/ klg cfdf xfdL eGbf w]/} sfd ug{ ;Sg'x'GYof] . 3/e/L e}+;L / afv|f x'Gy] . lbge/L e}+;Lx? lnP/ h+un hfg] / ;fFem dfq} kms{g] lgoldt rng g} lyof] . s] sf] ljBfno x'g' / cWoog ug{' < ;a}sf] lgolt g} Tolx lyof] . bfh'x? clns 7'nf ePkl5 sf]lx zx/ uP . sf]lx 3/ lt/} xfd|} z}nLdf e+};L kfng u/]/ a;] . h+undf s] pd|G5 / < slxn]sfFlx xfdL zx/df ufpFdf x'g] l;dLx? lnP/ cfpg] u/]sf lyof}+ . !# jif{sf] pd]/sf] lyPF xf]nf a'afn] sf7df8f};Dd hfg] s'/f ug{'eof] . af6f]df af; kbf{ ef]s nfU5 eg]/ xfdLn] 3/af6} ds} af]s]/ cfPsf lyof}+ . d}n] sf7df8f}+ zx/ b]v]sf] lyOgF . sf7df8f}df lx8\g nx/Lx? klg b]v]sf] lyOgF . lbbLx?sf] ljjfx e};s]sf] lyof] . plta]nf ljjfx ;fg} pd]/df x'GYof] .
lbbLx? ;fob (÷!) jif{sf] x'g'x'GYof] xf]nf . d klg ;fg} lyPF . !# jif{sf] pd]/df d]/f] ljjfxsf] s'/f eO{/x]sf] lyof] . a'af cfdfn] Tolx s]6f ltd|f] nflu xf] eg]/ elg;Sg' ePsf] lyof] . geGb} Tolx s]6f;Fu d]/f] ljjfx eof] . kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{nodf Goflos ;ldlt u7g x'g'k"j{ g} btf{ ePsf] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ;fljs kfFrvfn uflj; j8f gDj/ ^ xfn kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ a:g] d]/f] >Ldfg\ ;dL/ >]i7n] ph'/L ug{' ePsf] /x]5 . l;Gw' k nf~rf] s lhNnf afx|la;] uf=lj=; j8f g+ * dfO{tL ePsL d sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ;fljs kfFrvfn uflj; j8f g+ ^ xfn kfFrvfn g=kf j8f g+ $ df a:b} cfPsf] 5' . ljjfxsf] s]lx jif{ /fd|f] lyof] . >Ldfg\ >LdtL ;Fu} a:g] ;kgf 5f8]/ sdfO{sf nflu ufpF 5f8]/ zx/df gf]s/L ug{] s'/f
aflx/ hfFbf >Ldfg\n] z+sfsf] b[li6n] x]/]sf], 3/kl/jf/ ;Fu cgfjZos s'/fdf l/l;jL /fVg], d'vd'v} nfUg] u/]sf], af/Daf/ Hofg dfg]{ wDsL lbPsf], lghnfO{ ;DempFbf, a'emfpFbf klg gdfGg], 3/ kl/jf/ / afnaRrf k|ltsf] cfjZos lhDd]jf/L k"/f gug]{, w]/} eGbf w]/} dfgl;s oftgf lbg] u/]sf]n] @ jif{ b]lv cnu e} a;]sf lyof}+ . cfˆgf] bfloTjaf6 ;w}F klG5P/ 3/ 5f]8L ;w} dfOtdf uO{ a:g] u/]sf]n] kTgL;Fu j}jflxs gftf sfod /fVg' eGbf ;DaGw laR5]b ug'{ g} >]o:s/ x'g] ePsf]n], nf]Ug]–:jf:gLsf] gftf ;DaGw g/xg] ;DaGw laR5]b x'g] u/L d'n'sL P]g nf]Ug] :jf:gLsf] ! / ! -s_ g+ adf]lhd /fo ;+nUg /flv ;DalGwt lhNnf cbfntdf ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nflu lg0f{o k]z u/L kfpF egL >Ldfg\n] lgj]bg lbg' ePsf] lyof] . ;DaGw laR5]b u/L kfpF egL
lj:tf/} pgsf] / d]/f] ;DaGw lju|b} uof] . pgn] 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ a]jf:tf ub{} uP . s]lx ;Lk gnfu] kl5 d}n] :yfgLo txdf /x]sf] Goflos ;ldltdf ph'/L lbPF . d'2f dfdnf ug{ k};f klg lyPg . p ;'w|b} uof] eg] ;xh x'G5 eGg] d]/f] ;f]rnfO{ pgn] k6s k6s nft xfg]sf lyP . >LdtLnfO{ vfg nfpg lbb} cfPsf], j}jflxs ;DaGwaf6 hGd]sf b'O{ ;Gtfgsf] klg plrt nfngkfng u/]sf] eP klg laut % jif{ cl3 b]lv ;DaGwdf ptf/ r9fj cfof] .
eof] . d}n] 3/ Aojxf/ ;DxfNg] plg gf]s/Ldf hfg] . s]lx jif{ plg sf7df8f} uP/ sfd u/] . 3/df s]lx k};f sdfP/ NofP klg . lj:tf/} pgsf] / d]/f] ;DaGw lju|b} uof] . pgn] 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ a]jf:tf ub{} uP . s]lx ;Lk gnfu] kl5 d}n] :yfgLo txdf /x]sf] Goflos ;ldltdf ph'/L lbPF . d'2f dfdnf ug{ k};f klg lyPg . p ;'w|b} uof] eg] ;xh x'G5 eGg] d]/f] ;f]rnfO{ pgn] k6s k6s nft xfg]sf lyP . >LdtLnfO{ vfg nfpg lbb} cfPsf], j}jflxs ;DaGwaf6 hGd]sf b'O{ ;Gtfgsf] klg plrt nfngkfng u/]sf] eP klg laut % jif{ cl3 b]lv ;DaGwdf ptf/ r9fj cfof] . hflu/sf] l;nl;nfdf
kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{nodf lbPsf] lgj]bg tyf nf]Ug]:jf:gLsf] ! gDj/n] of] lgj]bg ;'Gg] clwsf/ gu/kflnsfsf] clwsf/ If]q leq kg]{ ePsf]n] ph'/LnfO{ ;b/ ub}{ d]nldnfksf] nflu kfFrvfn g=kf j8f g+=$ sf] j8f sfof{no k7fOof] . af/Daf/ k|of; ubf{ klg j8fdf d]nldnfk x'g g;s]sf]n] ubf{ of] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] d'2f k'g Goflos ;ldltsf] ph'/L 9fFrfdf ;Dk"0f{ k|df0fx? ;lxt gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{nodf btf{ eof] . ljkIfL kTgLnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ tf/]v lbP/ k|ltjfbL pQ/ ;lxt gu/kflnsfdf xflh/ x'g'kg]{ hfgsf/L u/fO{of] . k|yd kIfn] lgj]bgdf bfaL u/]sf]
pdfsfGt zf]ssfJo nf]sfk{0f d08gb]pk'/÷pdfsfGt kf}8]n :dl[t kl|i7fgsf] ;o+fh ] g / cIf/dfu,{ gk]fnsf] cfofh ] gfdf ufk]fn kf8}o\fn d08gå]f/f lnlvt …pdfsfGt zfs ] sfJo’sf] nfs ] fk0{f ul/Psf] 5 . cIf/ dfu{ ;flxlTos klqsfsf ;Dkfbs tyf ks | fzs ;o"k{;|fb nfsfh ] s " f] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] sfoq{mddf k1|f–kl|ti7fgsf kj"{ ;b:o ;lrj 8f=tn ' ;Lk;|fb e§/fO{ kd|v ' cltly /xge'Psf] lyof] . sfoq{mddf 8f=zn } G]b| ks | fz gk]fn, d08g bp]k/' gu/kflnsfsf pkkd|v ' lji0fd'l0f gk]fn ljlzi6 cltly /xge'Psf] lyof] . sfoq{mddf lgDg slj, nv ] sx¿ k0"f{ >i]7, lj/fh kf8}n ] wj'{ sd'f/ tfdf|sf/, ze'›f bfxfn, ;/:jtL lrdfl]/of, hoGtL kfv ] n ]| , sf7df8f,F} ldgf rfn } fufO,+{ ;l'znf kf8}n ] , /0]f' clwsf/L dfg}tf, 6s + axfb/' ahufO+{ vqL , 8f= nfs ] axfb/' nfK]rg, ufk]fn gk]fn, ¿kf kf8}n ] , ;:'df cfrfo,{ tf/f s=];L= kd]| cfn ] L, bu'f/{d0f nD;fn, sb]f/gfy k/fhn ' L /fwfsi[0f k/fhn ' L/ pdz ] kf08] nufotn] sljtf jfrg uge'{Psf] lyof] . sfoq{mdsf kd|v ' cltly 8f= tn ' ;Lk;|fb e§/fOn { ] lktfhLsf] gfdaf6 ;:+yf vf]nL blnt / lk5l8Psf ju{sf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ 5fqjl[Q kb|fg ug'{ w/]} /fdf|]
sfdsf] z? ' jft ePsf] atfpg' eof] . 8f=e§/fOn { ] ;:+sl[t, ;flxTo / snfsf] ljsf;df :yfgLo ;/sf/n] ;xofu] ug'{ cfjZos /xs ] f] atfpg' eof] . sfo{ q mddf d08g b] p k' / gu/kflnsfsf pkkd|v ' lji0fd'l0f gk]fnn] ;flxTosf/x¿sf] ljrf/, efjgf / ;e'mfjnfO{ dgg ub}{ gu/kflnsfn] ;:+sl[t, ;flxTo / snfsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/df ;xof] ug]{ atfpbF} xfdf|] ;dfhdf ljBdfg snf, l;hg{fx¿ oj'f k:'tfdf k¥'ofpg' kg]{ atfpg' eof] . . sfoq{mddf d08g bp]k/' gu/kflnsfsf kd|v ' kz | f;sLo clwst[ 8f=nfs ] axfb/' nfK]rgn] efiff, ;flxTosf] ;fy} ;a} hfthfltsf] snf, ;:+sl[tnfO{ ;xofu] / ;/+If0f ug{ gu/kflnsfn] ofh ] gfj4 ¿kdf g} sfd ug]{ gLlt cufl8 ;f/] s f] atfpg' e of] . sfo{ q mddf 8f=zn } G]bk's | fz gk]fn / slj ;b'z ] ;Tofnn] …pdfsfGt zfs ] sfJo’ sf] af/d]f ;dLIffTds dGtJo /fVge'Psf] lyof] . …pdfsfGt zfs ] sfJo’ sf nv ] s tyf pdfsfGtsf h7]f 5f/]f ufk]fn kf8}n ] n] sfoq{mdsf] ;o+fh ] g uge'{Psf] lyof] eg] dfOnf 5f/]f sZok kf8}n ] n] :jfut dGtJo / sfG5f 5f/]f /fdk;|fb kf8}n ] n] wGojfb 1fkg uge'{Psf] lyof] .
d]if
l;+x
wg'
cfly{s ;xof]usf] Joj:yf ug{] s'/fdf ;xdlt h'6fof] . k|yd kIfsf] dfu s'g} klg xfntdf ;DaGw laR5]b ug'{kg]{ ePsf] / bf]>f] kIfn] ;s];Dd ;DaGw laR5]b ub}{ gug]{ s'/f u/sf]n] af/Daf/sf] 5nkmnaf6 klg of] ljjfbdf d]nldnfk x'g ;s]g . bf]>f] kIfnfO{ dfq cg's'n x'g] ul/ Goflos ;ldltn] km};nf u¥of] eGb} k|yd kIfn] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] lhNnf cbfntdf k'g/fj]bgsf] nflu clkn u/] . Goflos ;ldltsf] clwsf/ If]qleq ;DaGw laR5]bsf] d'2fdf d]nldnfk dfq kg]{ ePsf]n] / af/Daf/ sf]lz; ubf{ klg d]nldnfk u/fpg g;lsPsf]n] ;Dk"0f{ ;Ssn sfuh / Goflos ;ldltsf] lg0f{o
/ /fo ;xlt afFsL sfg'gL k|s[ofsf] nflu pQm ljjfbnfO{ lhNnf cbfnt k7fOof] . cbfntn] Goflos ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{onfO{ g} ;b/ ul/lbPsf] 5 . clxn] xfdL ;Fu} 5f}+ . Goflos ;ldltn] ldnfpg vf]h]sf] k|of; xfdLn] dfg]gf} t/ cbfntn] klg Tolx cfb]z u¥of] . ljjfbsf] ljifodf ljjfb btf{ u/fpg] kIf lkl8t geP/ bf];|f] kIf lkl8t b]lvPsf]n] kfF r vfn gu/kflnsfsf] Goflos ;ldltn] lkl8t s} kIfdf lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ;DjGw ljR5]b ug{] s'/fdf ;xdlt hgfP ;a} yf]s ;'DkGg tof/ x'g] t/ ;DjGw ljR5]b g} gug{] s'/fsf] c8fgdf Goflos ;ldltn] wf/0ff agfpg ;s]sf] lyPg . k|yd kIfsf] cGoq ;DjGw eO{ bf]>f] ljjfxsf] tof/L ePsf sf/0f klg kl/jf/ lju|g glbg cg]s k|of; ePsf x'g\ . ;+lxtf sfg'g cg';f/ pgn] ;DaGw ljR5]b u/] klg Goflos ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{on] pgsf] xs sfod ePsf] 5 . cbfnt k'Ug' cufj} k|fKt u/]sf] Gofon] bf]>f] kIf v'zL 5 . ;fdflhs ;~hfn clg ltgn] agfPsf ;DaGwsf sf/0f jiff{} b]lvsf ;DaGw eTsg yfn]sf 5g\ . Psn] csf{]nfO{ ljZjf; ug{] cfwf/ eTsg yfn]sf 5g\ . eTsg yfn]sf ;DaGwx?nfO{ :yfoL agfpg ljZjf; h?/L 5 . ljZjf; ul//xFbf Psn] csf{]nfO{ 3ft ul/g' x'Fb}g . xfd|f] cljZjf; / wf]sfnfO{ Goflos ;ldltsf sf/0f :ki6 kfg{] cj;/ lbnfof] . cleefjsx?n] xfdLnfO{ u/]sf] dfof / ljZjf;nfO{ xfdLn] ;Gtfgsf] eljio x]/]/ klg Tof] lg0f{o lnof}+ . xfd|f] h:tf] hLjg cfpg] ptf/r9fj c?sf]df gcfcf];\ . efjLn] n]v]sf] ;a} ef]Ug}k5{ . ;fob xfdLn] klg Tolx ef]u]sf] xf]nf .
l;tf >]i7 kfFrvfn, sfe|]
-of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]ns ' f * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._
/ftlbg s'6f]s'Dnf] ug]{ ufpFn]x? hlt hf]tfP klg d':sfpg] ufpFn]x? ef]sef]s} au]sf kl;gf ;'sfpg]x? dg e/Lsf] b'Mv cfkm}leq n'sfpg]x? t/ klg ef]nLsf] ld7f] cfzdf /dfPsfx? PSs}5Lg cfgGbn] xftuf]8f lkm+hfPsfx? cfh cnkq oq tq 5l/Psf 5g\ slt t df6f] d'gL To;} k'l/sf 5g\ .. df:g ;Sg]n] z'?d} h8\un df;] kz' k+IfL clg jGo hGt' gfz] clxn] x]/ ufpFn]x? dfl;b} 5g\ ufpF ufpF lg;fl:;b} 5g\ .. cGtl/Ifdf 3'Db} dfu{ vf]Hg]x? dËn u|xdf klg k'Ug vf]Hg]x? oxfF dËn u|x k'Ug'eGbf slt ufx|f] 5 gj}j6f u|x r9g'eGbf slt ;fx|f] 5 cfkm" hGd]sf] ufpF k'UgnfO{ cfkm" x's]{sf] cfFug 6]SgnfO{ ef]s} eP klg xftuf]8f lkmhfpgnfO{ lglikmqmL kl;gfn] z/L/ lehfpgnfO{ .. lg/fzf 5 ufpFn];Fu ca cfzf 5}g d]nfkftdf /dfpg] lk/tLsf] efiff 5}g kl;gf 5 ufpFn];Fu ufpFsf] v]t afFemf] 5 lj:tfl/t kl/jf/ ca ;f; wfGg ufx|f] 5 t?n Eofs'/ vf]tn'F eg] cfˆgf] ufpF 5}g cnkq zx/sf] k]6Ldf, eLv dfu]sf] x}g af]Nb} af]Nb}g ufpFn] vfnL dgleq ?G5 ufpFn]n] af]n] klg ca s;n] kf] ;'G5 ..
O{= /fs]z sfsL{ xfnM n;\ PGh]n;\
ag]kf ( df lgMz'Ns cf“vf lzlj/
ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+ (sf] cfof]hgf tyf /]o'sfO{ dfF;'gfuf cfFvf c:ktfnsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf lgMz'Ns cfFvf lzlj/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cfFvf lzlj/df @ ;o &! hgfsf] cfFvf k/LIf0f ePsf] lyof] . cfFvf kl/If0fsf qmddf @% hgfsf] df]ltoflaGb' b]lvPsf] / la/fdLsf] lgMz'Ns zNolqmof ul/g] j8f cWoIf g[k]z afb]n] atfpg' eof] . lzlj/df lgz' N s cf} i flw ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] . j8f cWoIf afb]n] j8faf6 ul/g] ;Dk"0f{ ;fdflhs sfo{x?nfO lg/Gt/tf lbg] atfpg' eof] . d ;fdflhs sfo{d} /dfpg] ePsfn] ef}lts / k"jf{wf/ ljsf; dfq geO{ j8faf;Lx?sf nfuL lg/Gt/ nfuL/xg] / atfpg' eof] .
‘;}lgs gful/s ;DjGw km/flsnf] x'“b}5’–;xfos /yL Hof]ltGb| a] y fGrf] s ÷lhNnfsf] ;a} eGbf cUnf] :yfg #)!* ld6/ xfO{6df g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;xof]udf a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsfn] a'4 k|ltdf lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . ;]gfsf] sfnLh+u u0f w'lnv]nsf] hgzlQn] a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ # l:yt lrKn]6L8fF8fdf a'4 k|ltdf lgdf{0f u/]sf] xf] . pQm k|ltdf ;lxtsf] ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf nflu ufpFkflnsfn] !) nfv /sd ljlgof]hg u/]sf] lyof] . …;}lgs / gful/s ;DjGw km/flsnf] agfpg ;]gfn] :yfgLo ;/sf/ tyf gful/s ;dfh;Fusf] ;dGjodf ;fdflhs ;]jf ul//x]sf] 5Ú–@^ gDa/ aflxgL es'08]sf ;xfos /yL Hof]ltGb| dxtn] eGg'eof]–…;dfhaf6 ;dfh;Dd eGg] gf/fsf ;fy g]kfnL ;]gfn] ;d'\bfo;Fu sfo{ ul//x]sf] 5 .Ú ;}lgs gful/s ;DjGw km/flsnf] x'Fb} uPsf] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] cUnf] :yfg a]yfGrf]snfO{ ko{6lso ?kdf cl3 a9fpg ;a} If]qsf] ;xof]u cfjZos /x]sf] Hof]ltGb| dxtn] atfpg' eof] . ufpFkflnsf cWoIf eujfg clwsf/Ln] a]yfGrf]s
;ftfsf] /flzkmn ;fKtflxs k~rf·
;a} cf/f]kx? gf6sLo z}nLsf] lyof] . bf]>f] kIf rfxLF k|yd kIfaf6 cGofodf k/]sf] k'li6 eof] . k|yd kIfn] klt / cleefjssf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]sf], cfdfb cg';f/sf] s'g} klg cfly{s ;xof]u gu/]sf], bf]>f] kIfnfO{ al9 dfgl;s oftgf lbPsf], ;Gtfg k|lt k'/f ug'{kg]{ s'g}klg lhDd]jf/L k'/f gu/]sf], k|yd kIfn] ubf{ bf]>f] kIfnfO{ ufF;, afF; / skf;sf] nflu sl7g k/]sf], k|yd kIfn] aflx/ km/s AolQm;Fusf] ;DaGwnfO{ a9fjf lbPsf], bf]>f] kIfn] h]gt]g u/]/ cfˆgf] ;GtfgnfO{ /fd|f] ljBfnodf k7gkf7g u/fPsf] eGg] s'/fsf cfwf/x? km]nf k/] . Goflos ;ldltn] ;Dk'0f{ k|df0fx?nfO{ lgikIf 9+uaf6 cWoog u/L b'a} kIfsf] wf/0ff ;d]t lnP/ w]/} k6ssf] 5nkmn kZrft\ k|yd kIfaf6 bf]>f] kIfnfO{ cfjf; lgdf{0fsf] nflu hUuf /
sljtf
ufpFkflnsfnfO{ ;d[4 agfpg ko{6g ljsf; k|d'v ePsf] atfpg' eof] . a]yfGrf]s gf/fo0f:yfg dlGb/ j/k/ 3]/faf/ nufpFb} cGo k'jf{wf/ lgdf{0f u/L ko{6sx?sf nflu cfs{ifs agfpg] cleofgdf s[oflzn /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . ko{6gsf] ljsf;n] dfq} a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnssf] ;d[4L x'g] ufpFkflnsf cWoIf eujfg clwsf/Ln] atfpg' eof] . g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;xof]u / ;dGjon] a] y fGrf] s ufpF k flnsfsf] ;d[4LnfO{ yk ;xof]u k'u]sf] cWoIf clwsf/Ln] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf lgjt{dfg cWoIf ufpFkflnsf cWoIf k|]daxfb'/ ltdlN;gfn] ufpFkflnsfsf] ljsf; / ;d[4Lsf nflu z'? ePsf of]hgfx?sf] sfof{Gjog h?/L /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . a]yfGrf]s gf/fo0f:yfgsf] ljsf; / ko{6sx?sf] cfs{if0fsf nflu yk ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0f ug{' kg{] atfpg' eof] . ljs6tf /x]sf] a]yfGrf]s gf/fo0f:yfgnfO{ ;'ud agfpFb} ko{6sx?nfO{ ;xh agfpg' kg{] ltdlN;gfn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf j8f cWoIf s'j]/ 9sfnn] a]yfGrf]sdf s]a'nsf/ lgdf{0fsf nflu cWoog ug{ tyf
ko{6g ljsf;df ufpFkflnsf / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf If]qsf] ;dGjo cfjZos /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . sfnLh+u u0f w'lnv]nsf u0fklt s0f{]n ldng yfkfn] g]kfnL ;]gfn] ;d'bfo ;Fusf] ;dGjodf ;fdflhs sfo{x? ul//x]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;f]lx cj;/df j8f cWoIfx?, lgjt{dfg j8f cWoIf Pj+ k'j{ hgk|ltglw
tyf ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . lhNnf l:yt ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'vx?sf] klg sfo{qmddf ;xeflu lyof] . a'4 k|ltdf pb\3f6g;Fu} ;f]lx If]qdf a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] 5 . sfnLh+u u0f w'lnv]nsf] @!* cf} aflif{sf]T;jsf] cj;/df ufpFkflnsfsf] ;dGjodf a'4 k|ltdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] s0f{]n ldng yfkfn] atfpg' eof] .
-@)&( ;fpg %– ;fpg !!_
* PsfbzL a|t .
k"/} ;ftf z'e /x]sf] x'Fbf bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt, cfly{s pGglt nfe, nfdf] ofqfsf] of]u, dfg ;Ddfg k|flKt, cfsl:ds wgne x'g]5 . dGq M ç zfDa;bf lzjfo gd M .
j[if
k"/} ;ftf z'e /x]sf] x'Fbf u'?ju{af6 ;'v k|flKt, OlR5t sfo{df l;l4 tyf k"0f{tf k|flKt, ;do cfˆgf] cg's"ndf /xFbf sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]5 . dGq M ç pdfklt dx]Zj/fo gdM.
sGof
k"/} ;ftf z'e /x]sf] x'Fbf dfg kb P]Zjo{ k|flKt, cWoog cWofkgdf ?rL j[l4, jfxg ;'v k|flKt ;fy} ldi7fGg ef]hg k|flKt x'g]5 . dGqM ç x|L+ xl/x/fo gdM .
ds/
cfh / ef]ln dfg ;Ddfgdf cfr F cfpg ;Snf, afs F L lbgdf pkxf/ cflb j:t' k|flKt, af]nLsf] k|efj a9\g], ;fy} /f]uaf6 d'lQm ldNg]5 . dGq M ç gdM lzjfo M. % / ^ ut] em'6f cf/f]k ;fy} vr{ j[l4 xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf df+ulns sfo{df ;xeflutf, lg/f]lutf k|flKt ;fy} lg/f]lutf k|flKt x'g]5 . dGq Mç UofDas]Zj/fo ç gdM. cfh / ef]ln 3/sf] lrGtf ;fy} k]6df ljsf/ cfpnf, afFsL lbgdf kfl/jf/Ls ;'v k|flKt, 3/df ;'v zflGt, a}+s Jofn]G; a9\nf . dGq M ç rGb|df}n]Zj/fo gd M.
ldy'g
t'nf
s'De
;ftfsf] dWo rf]6k6ssf] eo x'Fbf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf wg cfudgsf] gofF af6f] j[l4 ;fy} ldi7fGg ef]hg k|flKt klg x'g]5 . dGq M ç x|f}+ ç .. ;ftfsf] dWo &–* ut];Dd d[To't'No si6 cfOkg{ ;Snf, afFsL lbgdf gljg sfo{df ;xeflutf k|flKt, ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|flKt x'g]5 . dGq M ç zzLz]if/fo dxfb]jfo gdf] gdM. %–^ ut];Dd ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'g]5, &–* ut];Dd em}emu8f ;fy} k]6df ljsf/ cfpnf, (–!! ut];Dd ;Gtfgaf6 ;'v k|flKt x'g]5 . dGq M ç ç gd lzjfo .
cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^
ss{6
j[lZrs
dLg
%–* ut;]Dd k/"} /fHoaf6 ;v ' nfe, Jofkf/af6 dg1 wg kf|lKt, cfo jl[4 xg'5], afs F L lbgdf df6]f] wg/fzL vr{ xg'5] . dGq M ç xL|+ uf/}Lzs + /fo gdM. %–* ut];Dd zq'efj ldqdf kl/0ft, ld7fld7f k|]djftf{ nfe, 3/df ;'v zflGt ldNg]5, afFsL lbgdf /f]u / zq' j[l4 xf]nfg\ . dGq M ç bfl/b| b'Mv bxgfo gdM lzjfoM . %–* ut];Dd cfsl:ds wg nfe, cw'/f sfo{ ;xh} ;kmn xf]nf, df]6f] wg /fzL k|flKt x'g]5, (–!! ut];Dd 3/sf] lrGtfn] ;tfpnf . dGq M ç lgns07]Zj/fo gdf] gdM.
!)
r]i6f ;fKtflxs
OG8f] g]kfndf ef/tnfO{ x/fp“b} sfe|]sf] 6f]nL ljhoL
ag]kf÷OG8f] g]kfn OGefO{6];gn sa8\8L k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lqe'jg cfdL{ Snjdf ePsf] k|ltof]lutfdf OG8f] g]kfn OGefO{6];gn sj8\8L k|ltof]lutfdf g]kfn / ef/tsf ljleGg If]qaf6 v]nf8Lx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . k| l tof] l utfdf ;xeflu v]nf8Lx? gu/, lhNnf, k|b]z x'Fb} /fli6«o :t/af6 k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{Psf] lyof] . g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] l6d k|yd ePsf] 5 . ef/tsf] l6dnfO{ x/fpbF} g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 ;xeflu ePsf] pQm 6f]nLn] ljho xfl;n u/]sf] xf] .
jif{ @* c+s #( @)&( ;fpg % ut] ljxLjf/
cfjZostf /]o"sfO{ PO{sf] df;'gfuf cfFvf c:ktfn ag]kfsf nflu lgDg sd{rf/L v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{af6 lgo'Qm ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] OR5's AolQmn] ;fpg !$ ut] leq b/vf:t cfAxfg ul/G5 . != kb–cf] lk 8L ÷clK6sn ;xfos ;+Vof– # -tLg_ ;]jfsf] lsl;d– s/f/ z}lIfs of]Uotf– l;PdP ÷cgdL plt0f{ u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ . dlxnfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 . cfjZos sfuhftx?M !_ z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL . @_ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL Pj+ Ps k|lt kmf]6f] . kl/Iffsf] lsl;d M cGtjftf{ . – ;6{ lni6]8 pDd]bjf/nfO{ dfq af]nfOg] 5 . – b/vf:t b:t'/ ?= @)) nfUg]5 . s'g} klg pDd]bjf/n] slx st}af6 k|efljt kfg]{ sfo{ u/]df ;6{ lni6df ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g .
/]o"sfO{ PO{sf] df;'gfuf cfFvf c:ktfn H
ag]kf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
ag]kf– ^, sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!%*)
ag]kf–* ,sfe|]
email:remeh.bnp@gmail.com
C0f r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] ;DaGwL & lbg] ;"rgf
;"rgf af9L klx/f]af6 hf]lug – hyfefjL ;8s lgdf{0f / jg ljgfzn] af9L klx/f] lgDTofpF5 . – j[Iff/f]k0f u/f}+, jgh+un hf]ufcf}+, af9Lklx/f] lgoGq0f u/f}+ . – klx/f]sf] hf]lvd ePsf If]q tyf gbL lsgf/df ?v, afF;, lgufnf]h:tf e'Ifo /f]Sg] vfnsf lj?jf /f]kf}+ / ;+/If0f u/f}+ . – cfˆgf] j:tL tyf ;d'bfosf] /Iff u/f}+ . – af9L tyf klx/f] uPsf] ;"rgf tNnf] t6Lo If]qdf lbcf}+ . – cfkm" klg arf}+ c?nfO{ klg arfcf}+ .
g]kfn ;/sf/
lj1fkg af]8{
d]l8;e{ x]Ny s]o/ Mediserve Health Care ag]kf, sfe|]
Every Life Matters....
k|To]s zlgjf/ lbpF;f] !M)) ah]b]lv jl/i7 lkmlhl;og tyf 5ftL/f]u ljz]if1 8f= gljg k|sfz zfxaf6 :jf:Yo kl/If0f x'g] x'Fbf 5ftL/f]uL, lgb|fsf] ;d:of tyf s'g} klg :jf:Yo ;d:ofaf6 kLl8t lj/fdLx?n] :jf:Yo kl/If0f u/fO{ df}sfsf] kmfO{bf lng'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 ;fy} cGo :jf:Yo ;]jf rflxPdf xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ . Dr. Naveen Prakash Shah, MBBS, MD, FCCP(USA) Fellowship in Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Senior Consultant Physician and Chest Physician. ;Dks{
d]l8;e{ x]Ny s]o/
ag]kf, sfe|] -1fgHof]lt :s"n tn cfsif{s /]l8d]8 ;Fu}_ kmf]g g+= M )!!–^^%$!!, df]=g+= (*)*)%%)$%
Tfkl;ndf pNN]lvt C0fLx?n] o; ag]kf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=af6 laleGg lzif{s cGtu{t shf{ lnO{ efsf g3fO{ ;f] shf{sf] ;fFaf, Jofh glt/L afls aSof}tf /fv]sf]n] ;f] afls aSof}tf a'emfpg Nofpg' egL k6s k6s lnlvt tyf df}lvs ?kdf cg'/f]w ubf{ klg j]jf:tf u/L a:g'ePsf]n] ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf pkl:yt eO{ cfk"mn] lnPsf] shf{sf] afls aSof}tf a'emfpg Nofpg' x'g tkl;nsf C0fLx?sf] gfddf of] & -;ft lbg] _ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] & -;ft_ lbg leq o; ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf pkl:yt eO{ cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{sf] afls aSof}tf ltg{ , a'emfpg cfpg' jf ltl/a'emfO{ ;s]sf] eP ;f] sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg' xf]nf . of] ;"rgf adf]lhd cfk"mn] lnPsf] shf{sf] afls aSof}tf ltg{ , a'emfpg cfpg' jf ltl/a'emfO{ ;s]sf] eP ;f]sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg' ePg eg] tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLx?, JolQmut tyf wghdfgL lbg] JolQmx? pk/ ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ ,;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&% ,cGo k|rlnt sfg'g tyf o; ;+:yfsf] shf{ c;'nL lgod adf]lhd sfg'gL sfj{fxL jf lwtf] lnnfd lalqm u/L ;f] df nfu]sf] vr{ ;lxt afls aSof}tf c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 . JolQmut tyf wghdfgL lwtf] lnnfd lalqmaf6 afls aSof}tf /sd k'/} c;'n pk/ geO{ gk'u ePdf gk'u /sd tkl;nsf C0fL jf lghx?sf] Psf;uf]nsf c+lzof/sf] gfpFdf /x]sf] cGo hfoh]yfaf6 klg c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 . ;fy} tkl;ndf pNn]lvt hdfgL stf{n] :jod\ ;+:yfdf pkl:yt eO hdfgt lbg] sfuh ul/lbg' ePsf] x'bfF oxf hdfgLstf{n] ;d]t pk/f]Qm Joxf]/f cjut u/L ;"rgfsf] Dofb leq ;+:yfnfO{ ltg{ a'emfpg kg]{ /sd e'QmfgL ug{ kxn ul/lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . cGoyf ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] /sd c;'n ug'{sf ;fy} txfF nfO{ klg k|rlnt lgod adf]lhd shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb| df ;dfj]z u/Lg] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;'rgf dfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . tkl;n s_ Joj;flos shf{ - k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&(÷)$÷)% _ C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM ;'gdfof kf]6] kltsf] gfdMk|e' z/0f kf]6] ;;'/fsf] gfd Mb'uf{bf; kf]6] 7]ufgf M ag]kf–*,sfe]| gf=k|=g=M (#*÷*$@%) ldlt M @)%^÷)#÷)^ lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s lwtf] /flvPsf] ;Dklt laa/0f
hdfgLstf{ sf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM s[i0fz/0f÷b}jz/0f kf]6] afa'sf] gfdM k|e' z/0f kf]6] afh]sf] gfd Mb'uf{bf; kf]6] 7]ufgf M ag]kf –*,sfe]| gf=k|=g=M%(@^#÷^#@ gf=k|=g=M#)–$($%&÷^#! lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s
v_ xfo{/kr]{h shf{ -k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&(÷)$÷)#_ hdfgLstf{ sf] gfd / 7]ufgf C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM ;Demgf hf]zL gfd M lvn axfb'/ >]i7 kltsf] gfdMlvn axfb'/ >]i7 afa'sf] gfdM v8\u axfb'/ >]i7 ;;'/fsf] gfd Mv8\u axfb'/ >]i7 afh]sf] gfd M /fd axfb'/ >]i7 7]ufgf M kFfrvfn–#,sfe]| 7]ufgf M ag]kf –(,sfe]| gf=k|=g=M &((*^ gf=k|=g=M #()!(÷@%^ ldlt M @)%%÷)*÷!# ldlt M @)%)÷!)÷!) lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s lwtf] /flvPsf] ;Dklt laa/0f
u_ xfo{/kr]{h shf{ C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM pd]z s'df/ uf}td afa'sf] gfdM alb| k|;fb uf}td afh]sf] gfd M s]bf/ gfy uf}td 7]ufgf M dfbgs'8f/L –*,sfe]| gf=k|=g=M !!)%&) ldlt M @)%(÷)(÷@( lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s lwtf] /flvPsf] ;Dklt laa/0f
hdfgLstf{ sf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM b'uf{ uf}td kltsf] gfdM alb| k|;fb uf}td ;;'/fsf] gfd M s]bf/ gfy uf}td 7]ufgf M dfbgs'8f/L –*,sfe]| gf=k|=g=M #)#)^&÷$!& ldlt M @)%^÷!)÷@% lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s
3_ lk|ldod shf{ C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM lagf]b knf~rf]s] afa'sf] gfdM k|]d nfn knf~rf]s] afh]sf] gfd M /Tg bf; knf~rf]s] 7]ufgf M ag]kf sfe]| gf=k|=g=M
hdfgLstf{ sf] gfd / 7]ufgf
3_ 5f]6f] cjlw shf{ C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM /f]zg ah|frfo{ afa'sf] gfdM xf]d lanf; ah|frfo{ afh]sf] gfd M k|]d lanf; ah|frfo{ 7]ufgf M >Lv08k/ w'lnv]n sfe]| gf=k|=g=M
hdfgLstf{ sf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM ;? >]i7 kltsf] gfdM /f]zg ah|frfo{ ;;'/fsf] gfd M xf]d lanf; ah|frfo{ 7]ufgf M >Lv08k/ w'lnv]n sfe]| gf=k|=g=M ldlt M
r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .