Year 29 issue 33

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k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

c:ktfn / ljZjljBfno aLrsf] ;DjGwdf b/f/

;Demft}f ljk/Lt gug{ ba'} kIfnfO{ cfux|

@( cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @( c+s ## @)*) h]7 #@ ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 15 Jun. 2023) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$#, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h * www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

w'lnv]n÷b'O{ bzs eGbf nfdf] ;do ;xofqf u/]sf lhNnfsf b'O{ uf}/jzfnL ;+:yf w'lnv]n c:ktfn / sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno aLrsf] ;DjGwdf lr;f]kgf a9]sf] 5 . c:ktfn;F u sf] ;DaGw alnof] agfpg eGb} sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnon] ;+zf]wg u/]sf] cfly{s

;xsf/L n'6]/fx?n] eg]–

‘bf]>f] k6s ePsfn] ;xh eof]’ 4;xsf/L km'6fP/ rf/ jif{ h]n a;]sfx?n] n'6]sf lyP kgf}tLsf] ;fd'bflos .

4k|x/Ln] o;/L kfof] ;kmntf .

4es'08], w'lnv]n, ag]kf nufotsf :yfgdf /]sL u/] kl5 le8ef8 / w]/} k};f ePsf] yfxf kfP kl5 k/]sf] lyof] ;fd'bflos .

4kqmfp k/]sf rf/}hgf y'gfdf . df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n kgf}tLsf] ;fd'bflos ;xsf/L rf]/Ldf ;+nUgx?n] cbfntdf aofg lbO{/x]sf 5g\ . k|x/Lsf] ;'Id cg';Gwfg kl5 rf]/Ldf ;+nUgsf] klxrfg eO{ gub ;lxt plgx? kqmfp k/]sf lyP . kqmfp k/]sfx?nfO{ k|x/Ln] ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no dfkm{t cbfntdf k]z u/]sf] lyof] . lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] kqmfp k/]sf rf/}hgfnfO{ y'gfdf k7fpg] cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . >]it]bf/ pk;lrj uf]ljGb l3ld/]sf cg';f/ rf]/Ldf ;+nUg ePsf rf/ hgfnfO{ y'gfdf /fv]/ yk cg';Gwfg ug{ k|x/LnfO{ cfb]z lbPsf] 5 eg] km/f/ b'O{hgfnfO{ kqmfpsf nflu Dofb hf/L u/]sf] 5 . kqmfp k/]sf dWo] rf/ hgfn] ;flatL aofg lbPsf 5g\ . b'O{ km/f/ 5g\ . kqmfp k/]sf dWo]sf s]lxn] cl3Nnf] k6s klg ;xsf/L n'6]/ kqmfp k/L h]n hLjg ;d]t ljtfO{;s]sfn] km]/L rfF8} wgL aGg] of]hgfsf ;fy /]lssf] qmddf ;fd'bflos ;xsf/Ldf rf]/L u/]sf] aofg lbPsf 5g\ . rf]/Ldf bfh'efO{ / ;;'/f ;+nUg 5g\ eg] ;xof]usf nflu plgx?n] cGosf] k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ . k|x/Ln] ;xsf/Ln] pknAw u/fPsf] l;;L

Sofd]/fsf] /]s8{]8 xf8{l8S; tyf cGo dfWodaf6 rf]/Ldf ;+nUgnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . Onfsf ag]kf / lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no w'lnv]nsf] 6f]nLn] 36gfsf] ;'Id cg';Gwfg u/]sf] lyof] . o;cl3 sfe|]sf] a]yfGrf]sdf gf/L r]tgf ;xsf/L rf]/L ePsf] 36gfdf ;+nUgx? eg] cem} km]nf k/]sf 5}gg\ .

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s;/L ldNof] k|x/LnfO{ ;kmntf sfe| ] k nf~rf] s lhNnf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ 6f}vfn l:yt ;fd'bflos art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf @)*) ;fn a}zfv !* ut]sf lbg n]gb]g sf/f]af/ eP adf]lhd hDdf x'g cfPsf] ;b:ox?sf] /sd #! nfv $( xhf/ % ;o @^ ?k}ofF gub sIfdf sfo{/t k|lbk >]i7n] ;+:yfs} ejg leq /x]sf] eN6 ?dsf] ;]km leq /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . lbpF;f] @M#) ah]sf] ;dodf ;]kmdf ns nufO{ sfpG6/d} uO{ sfof{no aGb u/L ;]kmsf] nssf] ;fFrf] k|lbk >]i7n] g} nu]sf lyP . eN6 ?dsf] r]g u]6, vfkf u]6 / sfpG6/sf] u]6 aGb u/L tfnf nufO{ ;f]lx tNnfsf] d'Vo 9f]sf ;d]t aGb u/L tfnf nufO{ k|lbk >]i7 nufotsf sd{rf/L 3/ uPsf lyP . pQm sfof{nodf ;'/Iff lbO{ cfPsf ;'/Iff uf8{ lago ltdlN;gfn] ;'/Iff

lbO{/x]sf] cj:yfdf ckl/lrt % hgfsf] ;d'x crfgs @)*) a}zfv !( ut] laxfg /ftL cGbfhL !M@) ah]sf] ;dodf ;xsf/Ldf /flvPsf] /sd rf]/L tyf 8fFsf ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy k|j]z u/]sf lyP . rf]/Ldf k|of]u ug]{ cf}hf/x? v's'/L, UofF; ug ;d]tsf cf}hf/x? ;fydf lnO{ ;+:yfsf] kl/;/ leq /x]sf] uf8{ a:b} cfPsf] sf]7fsf] 9f]sfsf] r's'n tf]8L uf8{ /x]sf] sf]7fdf k|j]z u/]sf lyP . v's'/L nufotsf xft xltof/ b]vfO{ rNg r6k6fpg pDsg glbO{ uf8{nfO{ 8/ qf;df kf/L d'vdf ;]nf] 6]k nufO{ af]Ng glbO{ d'v y'gL uf8{sf] b'a} xft k5f8L nlu xft ;f]xL ;]nf] 6]kn] afFwL ;f]xL uf8{ a:b} cfPsf] sf]7fdf /x]sf] s';L{df uf8{nfO{ /fvL s';L{ / uf8{ ;d]tnfO{ k'gM 6]kn] afFwL pDsg lbPsf lyPgg\ . pQm sf]7faf6 lgl:sO{ ;+:yfsf] d'n 9f]sfsf] r]g u]6sf] tfnf tf]8L ;+:yfsf] ejg leq k;L k'gM ;+:yfsf] leq /x]sf] r]g u]6sf] tfnf

k|:tfj P]gn] ;DjGw lju|g] eGb} lrGtf AoQm ul/Psf] 5 . t/ b'a} ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?n] ;DjGw alnof] agfpg] atfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . lhNnfaf;Lx?n] c:ktfn / ljZjljBfnosf] ;DjGw ;'b[9 x'g' kg{]df hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . c:ktfn / ljZljBfnosf] ;DjGw lju|Fbf lzIff / :jf:Yosf] ;]jfdf k|efj afFsL @ k]hdf

zlQm sl;nf] agfp“b} Pdfn]

w'lnv]n÷Pdfn]nfO{ k/fho ug{ b]ze/ u7jGwg agfP/ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf k|lt:kwf{ u/]sf /fhgLlts bnx?sf ;fd'Gg] Pdfn] PSn}n] ;dfg'kflts tkm{ klxnf] / cGo s]lx kbx?df k|ToIf tkm{ ljhoL xfl;n u/];Fu} Pdfn]n] ;+u7gnfO{ dha't agfpFb} kf6L{ sfdnfO{ cem} lta|tf lbPsf] 5 . k|ltlglw kl/ifb\ a}7s dfkm{t ! ;o #% j6f j8fs} sld6Lx?nfO{ kl/rfng ug{] u/L lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5 . s]lGb|o sld6Lsf] lgb{]zg cg';f/ r}q d;fGt leq ;a} sld6L / hg;+u7gsf clwa]zgx? ug{] u/L tof/L u/]sf] 5 . sld6L u7g, k'g{u7g / clwa]zg ug{], lgoldt k|lzIf0f ug{], ljsf; tyf hgtf;Fusf] ;DjGwnfO{ cem} dha't agfpg] u/L sfo{ ug{] of]hgf afFsL @ k]hdf

tf]8L klxnf] tNnfdf uO{ ;f]lx tNnfdf /x]sf] pQ/ tkm{sf] 9f]sfsf] tfnf kmf]8L ;+:yfsf] sfpG6/df uO{ sfpG6/sf] pQ/tkm{ /x]sf] eN6 ?dsf] 9f]sfsf] tfnf kmf]8L k'gM ;f]xL ?ddf hfg] r]g u]6sf] tfnf tf]8L gub /flvPsf] :yfgdf k'uL gub /flvPsf] ;]kmsf] ns UofF; ugn] sf6L ;]kmdf /x]sf] gub rf]/L tyf 8fFsf u/L nu]sf lyP . ;+:yfsf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu /flvPsf] l;=l;=Sofd/f /]s8{ x'g] l8=eL=cf/= / ;'/Iff uf8{sf] df]afO{n ;]6 ;d]t nu]sf] ;fy} uf8{ a:b} cfPsf] sf]7fsf] 9f]sfsf] aflx/L r's'n aflx/af6 nufO{ 36gf 36fO{ uPkl5 ;'/Iff uf8{n] d'vdf nufPsf] 6]k d'v rnfO{ 6]k d'vaf6 ;/]kl5 ;'/Iff uf8{ lrRofO{ u'xf/ dfuL/Fxbf ;f]xL ejg;Fu}sf :yfgLox?n] yfxf kfPsf lyP . :yfgLox?n] uf8{ a;]sf] sf]7fsf] r's'n vf]nL leq uP kl5 ;'/Iff uf8{nfO{ nufPsf] 6]k vf]nL s] eof] egL ;f]w]sf lyP . uf8{sf cg';f/ %÷^ hgfsf afFsL @ k]hdf

NEXT GENERATION PHARMACY PVT. LTD., BANEPA, TINDOBATO

BANEPA, TINDOBATO (WAY TO SINAGAL MARGA)

oxfF cf}iflwsf] xf]n;]n tyf v'b|f ljqmL ul/G5 .

Contact: 9841688894, 9849276898

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jif{ @( c+s ## @)*) h]7 #@ ut] ljxLjf/

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hLjg lj1fg tgfj lj;hg { lsg / s;/L < ablnof] hft / wd{sf] tYof+s

sf]/f]gfsf] dxfdf/L aLr hgu0fgf @)&* n] kl5Nnf] d'n'ssf dxTjk"0f{ tYofÍx? ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5. wd{lg/k]If d'n'sdf wd{ dfGg]x?sf] ;+Vof / hfthfltsf] cj:yf klg ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5. s]lx ;ftf cl3 hgu0fgfsf cGo s]lx tYofÍ ;fj{hlgs u/]/ wd{ / hftsf] tYofÍ ;fj{hlgs gu/]sf] tYofÍ ljefun] k|sfzg u/]sf] kl5Nnf] tYofÍ cg';f/ 36\bf] hgu0fgfsf sf/0f x/]s wd{ dfGg] AolQmx? / hfthftLdf klg km]/abn cfPsf] 5. ;dfj]zL jf dof{lbt hftsf y/x? kl/jt{g ePsf 5g\. s]lx hfthftLx? cfpg] / hfg] qmd ePsf] 5. t/ klg kl5Nnf] tYofÍn] tLg txsf ;/sf/n] agfpg] sfo{qmd, gLlt tyf of]hgf / ah]6nfO{ klg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] 5. nf]kf]Gd'v hflt tyf wd{sf] ;+/If0f tyf ltlgx?sf] k|j{4gsf nflu /fHon] ug{] / v]Ng' e"ldsfdf yk ;xof]u k'u]sf] 5. hgu0fgf @)&* cg';f/ sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] s"n hg;+Vofdf wd{ / hft cg';f/sf] ;+Vofsf] tYofÍ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5. lhNnfdf a;f]af; ug{] gful/sx?n] cf7 j6f wd{ dfGg] u/]sf] tYofÍn] b]vfPsf] 5. tYofÍ cg';f/ ;a} wGbf w]/} lxGb' / ;a} eGbf sd lzv wd{ dfGg] gful/sx? b]lvPsf 5g\. lxGb' wd{ dfGg]x?sf] ;Vof w]/} eP klg logLx? ;+ul7t x'g] wd{sf] /Iff / k|rf/ ug{] cleofgdf ;lqmo 5}gg\. t/ sd hg;Vof ePsf wd{sf gful/sx? ;+ul7t x'g], cfkm\gf] wd{sf] /Iffsf nflu sfo{qmdx? ug{], wd{ cltqmd0f x'g glbg] sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\. lhNnfdf /x]sf] s"n hg;+Vof # nfv ^$ xhf/ #( dWo] lzv wd{ dfGg] ag]kf gu/kflnsfdf b'O{ hgf dfq} 5g\. lxGb' wd{ dfGg]x? ;a} eGbf w]/} @ nfv #) xhf/ $ ;o ^) hgf 5g\. gofF wd{ af]g dfGg] b]lvPsf 5g\. bf]>f]df af}4 wd{ dfGg]x? 5g\ . ! nfv @# xhf/ # ;o &! hgfn] af}4 wd{ dfGg] u/]sf] tYofÍ 5. t]>f]df O;fO{ wd{ dfGg]x?sf] ;+Vof 5. & xhf/ ^ ;o ^$ hgfn] O{;fO{ wd{ dfGg] u/]sf 5g\ eg] ^ ;o *! hgfn] Onfd, % ;o ($ hgfn] ls/fFt, ! xgf/ @ ;o %^ hgfn] k|s[lt / !! hgfn] af]g wd{ dfGg] u/]sf 5g\. lhNnfdf h}g / axfO{ wd{ dfGg]x?sf] ;++Vof 5}g. @)^* ;fnsf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ # nfv *! xhf/ ( ;o #& hg;+Vof x'Fbf x/]s wd{ dfGg]x?sf] ;+Vof w]/} lyof]. O{;fO{ wd{ dfGg]x?sf] afx]s cGo wd{ dfGg]x? k|ltztsf cfwf/df sd ePsf 5g\. @)&* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfdf kflnsf cg';f/ x/]s kflnsfdf wd{ dfGg]x?sf] ;+Vof pNn]v ul/Psf] 5. tYofÍn] x/]s kflnsfsf] of]hgf lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] 5. sfe|]df ^! hftsf gful/sx? /x]sf] hgu0fgf @)&* n] b]vfPsf] 5. @)^* ;fndf ^) hftsf gful/sx? /x]sf] tYof+s /x]sf] lyof]. ;a}eGbf w]/} tfdfª ;d'bfosf 5g\. ! nfv @@ xhf/ ( ;o #) hgf /x]sf 5g\. h;df k'?if %( xhf/ % ;o !% / dlxnf ^# xhf/ $ ;o !% 5g\. k'?if eGbf dlxnf w]/} 5g\. a|fDx0f &# xhf/ # ;o $%, If]qL $( xhf/ $ ;o !% 5g\. g]jf/ ;d'bfosf $* xhf/ * ;o @& /x]sf 5g\ eg] du/ !$ xhf/ $ ;o %^ hgf /x]sf 5g\. nf]kf]Gd'v dfemL, kx/Lsf] ;+Vof a9]sf] 5.

;xsf/L================================ ;d"xdf cfPsf dflg;n] d'vdf df:s nufO{ 6fpsf]df Sofk nufO{ v's'/L af]sL cfPsf ;d"xn] dnfO{ u/]sf] 36gfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . tTsfn k|x/Ln] va/ kfP nuQ} k'u]sf] k|x/L rf}sL kgf}tL, O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kf / lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf] 6f]nLn] yk ;xof]u dfu u/]/ cg';Gwfg u/]sf] lyof] . ;+:yfsf tkm{af6 ;f]lx Aoxf]/fsf] hfx]/L btf{ ul/Psf] lyof] . rf]/L ePsf] gub tyf ;DklQ lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpg ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 l;;L Sofd]/fdf s}b ePsf] 36gfsf] b[io xf8{ 8«fO{eaf6 b]lvPsf] lyof] . ;f]lx xf8{ 8«fO{eaf6 k|x/Ln] yk cg';Gwfg u/]/ rf]/L / 8fs F f ug{]x?sf] klxrfg v'n]sf] lyof] . k|x/Lsf] cys d]xgt / ulx/f] cg';Gwfgn] pQm 36gf kQf nfu]sf] lyof] . ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t dbg a:g]tn] k|x/Lsf]df hfx]/L b/vf:t lbPsf lyP . k|x/Ln] cd[t lyªnfO{ h]7 ! ut] /ftL ! ah] sf7df08f} rGb|flu/Ll:yt ;t'+unaf6, uDeL/ eGg] ;f]dnfn lyªnfO{ klg ;f]lx lbg /flt sf7df08f} rG›flu/L l:yt :ofªhfnL rf]saf6 czf]s ?DafnfO{ ;f]xL lbg laxfg $ ah]sf] ;dodf dsjfgk'/ lhNnf O{G›;/f]j/ ufpkFflnsf % kmfv]nl:yt lghs} 3/af6 tyf csa/ eGg] cua/ nfdfnfO{ ;f]xL lbg laxfg $M#) ah]sf] ;dodf pgs} 3/ OGb|;/f]af/af6 kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] .

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36gfdf dsjfgk'/ lhNnf ;fljs kmfv]n uf=lj=;=j8f gDj/ % xfn O{G›;/f]j/ ufpFkflnsf % l:yt sf]bf]vf]l/of 6f]n a:g] @* alif{o ulDa/ eGg] ;f]dnfn lyª, ;f]lx lhNnf ;fljs kmfv]n uf=la=;=j8f gDj/ & xfn O{G›;/f]j/ % sf dw'jg 6f]n a:g] #& alif{o cuj/ nfdf, dsjfgk'/ lhNnf ;fljs kmfv]n uf=la=;=j8f gDj/ ^ xfn O{G›;/f]j/ % dw'jg a:g] #) jlif{o czf]s ?Daf / dsjfgk'/ lhNnfs} ;fljs kmfv]n uf=la=;=j8f gDj/ % xfn O{G›;/f]j/ ufpFkflnsf % sf]bf]vf]l/of 6f]n a:g] @$ jlif{o cd[t lyª kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . 36gfdf ;+nUg ;f]lx 7]ufgfsf $$ alif{o s[i0f ?Daf eGg] s[i0f/fh nfdf / #@ aifL{o ;+hLj ?Daf eGg] ;~hLj s'df/ nfdf km/f/ 5g\ . Pp6} 6f]nsf gftfn] cfkmGt ;d]t kg{] ;d'xaf6 pQm 36gf ePsf] k|x/L cg';Gwfgaf6 v'n]sf] 5 .

s] eG5g\ rf]/Ldf ;+nUgx? <

rf]/L 36gfdf ;+nUgx?n] Ps csf{nfO{ /fd|f];uF lrGg] atfPsf 5g\ . k|x/L, ;/sf/L jlsnsf] sfof{no / cbfntdf u/]sf] aofg cg';f/ plgx? ;a} hgf Ps csf{df lrghfg ePsf] cg';Gwfg / aofgaf6 v'n]sf] 5 . 36gfsf] s]lx lbg cl3 ;~hLj ?Daf eGg] ;~hLj s'df/ nfdfn] cua/ nfdfnfO{ kmf]g u/]sf lyP . czf]s nfdfn] klg @)*) a}zfv !* ut] km]/L cua/nfO{ g} kmf]g u/L ltdL ;+uF sfd 5 eg]/ af]nfPsf lyu . s[i0f, ;~hLjx?n] af]nfPsf] 5 kgf}tL lt/ ;xsf/L rf]/L ug]{ eg]sf 5g ToxfF w]/} k};f w]/} x'G5 /] ;a}n] ldn]/ sfd ubf{ /fd|f] k};f x'G5 hfpF eg]sf lyP . To;kl5 czf]s / cua/ ;d]t ;f]xL lbg lrtjgsf] k'nrf]s xb'F} d'lUnªaf6 ;feFm % ah] lt/ sf7df8f}sf] ;t'Ëndf cfO{ ulDa/ eGg] ;f]dnfn lyª, s[i0f ?Daf eGg] s[i0f/fh nfdf, ;~hLj ?Daf eGg] ;~hLj s'df/ nfdf;uF ;Dks{ u/]sf lyP . s[i0f/fh, ;+lhj s'df/ / ulDa/ eGg] ;f]dnfn ;d]tn] xfdL ;a}hgf sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] kgf}tL eGg] :yfgdf ;xsf/L b]v]/ cfPsf 5f} ;xsf/L tf]8kmf]8 u/L k};f n'6\g' k5{ ;a}n] ldn]/ sfd ug]{ xf], rf]/L u/L NofPsf] ;a} k};f ldn]/ af8F\g' k5{ eg]/ cfZjf;g lbPsf lyP . cd[t lyªnfO{ klg ;f] s'/fdf hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . pgL sfd laz]ifn] cfPgg\ . % hgf dfq hfg] xf] eg] kl5 pQm s'/fdf ;d]t ;xdtL eO{ 6f]nL sf]6]Zj/ cfPsf] lyof] . ulDa/ eGg] ;f]dnfn, ;~hLj s'df/ / s[i0f/fh 6\ofS;Ldf cfPsf lyP . ;f]xL 6\ofS;Ldf /ftsf] * ah] lt/ ag]kf cfO{ ;8s ;fO{8df /x]sf] 7]nfuf8fx?df dMd nufotsf vfg]s'/fx?, ljleGg /+usf] 3f6FL, d'vdf afWFg] dkmn/ Sofk 6f]kLx? ;]tf] sfnf] /+usf] dfS;, k~hf ;d]t lsgL NofPsf lyP . 6\ofS;Ldf a;]/ dMd vfb} h;/L x'G5 ;a} ldn]/ sfd ;kmn agfpg' k5{ eGg] of]hgf ag]sf] lyof] . /ftsf] !) ah] kgf}tL ahf/af6 s]xL dfyL h+unsf] af6f]df k'u]/ 6\ofS;LnfO{ tLg xhf/ ef8f lbP/ lkmtf{ k7fPsf lyP . .

6\ofS;L lkmtf{ k7fP kl5 ;f]xL h+undf % hgf sl/a ;fF9] @ 306f ;Dd al;/x] . s[i0f/fh nfdf ;d]tn] sl/a % ldg]6 dfyL lxF8\bf k'lug] 7fFpdf ;xsf/L ePsf] ejg /x]sfn] To;df kfn] klg a:g] u/]sf] 5 kfn]nfO{ 8/ qf; b]vfO{ afFw]/ lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ;xsf/L leq eN6df eP htL ;a} /sd rf]/L ug{' k5{ elg cf–cfˆgf] sfd afF8kmf8 u/fP . z'?d} u]6sf] tfnf kmf]8\g] / sf]xL dfG5] cfpF5 sL elg x]/ larf/ ug]{ sfd cua/ nfdfsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf k/]sf] lyof] . @)*) a}zfv !( ut] ljxfg /flt ! ah] lt/ ;xsf/Lsf] sDkfp08df k5fl8af6 l5/L s]xL ;do j/k/ x]/L aflx/ sf]xL s;}nfO{ gb]v] kZrft ;xsf/Lsf] sf/f]af/ x'g] r]gu]6 eGbf lak/Lt ;fO{8df /x]sf] ejg kfn] ;'tL /x]sf] km]nf kf/] . PSsf;L ulDa/ eGg] ;f]dnfn, czf]s ?Daf, ;~hLj eGg] ;~hLj s'df/ / cua/ nfdf uO{ ;fydf af]s]sf] cf}hf/ ;d]t b]vfO{ gaf]nL a; elg 8/ qf;df kf/] . uf8{ gaf]nL a;] kl5 ;fydf NofPsf] ;]tf] 6]kn] p;sf] d'vdf y'lg j/Lk/L a]/L b'a} xft k5f8Laf6 Ps} 7fFpdf afFwL To;kl5 e'O{df n9fO{ s';L{df afFwL p;sf] ;fydf /x]sf] df]afO{n vf];L ;~hLj nfdfn] emf]nfdf /fv] . afFsL cua/, s[i0f/fh / ;~hLj nfdf bu'b}{ ;xsf/Lsf] r]g u]6 kmf]g{ k'u] . xftdf 7'nf] ;fO{hsf] df]6/;fO{snsf] l;6x? vf]Ng] k]rs; ;d]tsf cf}hf/x? lnO{ r]gu]6sf] tfnf tf]8] kl5 ;a} hgf

hLjg lj1fgn] dfgj hLjg sNof0fsf] nfuL b]z, ljb]zdf of]u Wofg / k|f0ffofdsf] sfo{qmdx¿ ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . xfd|f] wd{ ;+:s[lt wfld{s ;lxitf0f'df af}l4s 1fgn] dflg;sf] dfgl;s / ef}lts :jf:y tGb'?i6Lsf] nfuL hLjg lj1fg ljz'4 g]kfnLkgsf] of]u lj1fg ePsf] 5 . ;+:yfks u'?b]j /d]z g]kfn / Pn= kL= efg' zdf{ åf/f ;+Grflnt hLjg lj1fgn] 5f]6f] ;dodf ljZj dfem of]usf] If]qdf lgs} 7'nf] nf]slk|otf xfl;n u/]sf] 5 . clxn]sf] kl/l:yltdf ;+Grf/ dfWod, cgnfOg, km];a's h'd cGo k|ljlwaf6 b]z ljb]zdf kx'Fr x'g] u/L hLjg lj1fgn] lgoldt ¿kdf sfo{qmdx¿ ub}{ cfO{ /x]sf 5 . g]kfnn] uf}/j ug{ ;Sg] ljZjs} cTofw'lgs ;'ljwf ;DkGg wflbªsf] wfs]{df hLjg lj1fg wfd aGb} u/]sf] cj:yf 5 . hLjg lj1fgsf] p2]Zo eg]sf] of]u, Wofg, k|f0ffofd dfkm{t cfWoflTds 1fg æd leqsf] cfkm"nfO{ lrgfpg] xf] .Æ cfTdfnfO{ k/dfTdf ;uF hf]8g elQm dfu{sf] af6f] Pp6f ;]jssf] ¿kdf /d]z / efg' u'?b]j :yflkt ePsf 5g\ . jxfxF¿ eGg' x'G5 wd{df cf:yf 5 eg] ljZjf; hufpg] / nIodf k'of{pg] bfloTj xfdL u'?sf] x'G5 . dflg;nfO{ cy{ k"0f{ hLjg latfpgsf] nfuL hLjg lj1fgn] af]w lj1fg, no lj1fg, P]Zjo{ lj1fg, rqm lj1fg, v';L lj1fg cGo w]/} sfo{qmdx¿ ub}{ cfO{ /x]sf] 5 . wfld{s cfWoflTds / j}1flgs tj/af6 d leqsf] cfkm" lrgfpg] cleofg xf] . xfdLnfO{ cfˆg} z/L/ leqsf cËx¿sf] zlQmsf] af/]df yfxf kfpg] rqm lj1fgsf] af/]df a'‰gsf] nfuL u'?sf] cfjZos x'G5 . dflg;sf] hLjgsf] nfuL clt cfjZos hLjg lj1fgsf] sfo{qmd dWo] tgfj lj;h{g klg Ps xf] . b]z ljb]z ljleGg 7fpdFf k|fyldstfsf ;fy cu|h hLjg lj1fgsf lzIfsx¿ af6 tgfj lj;h{g sfo{zfnfsf] cfof]hgf ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . sfe|]sf] ag]kf kf6L{ e]Go'df oxL @)*) c;f/ @ ut] zlgjf/ Ps lbj;Lo tgfj lj;h{g sfo{zfnf sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'g] hfgsf/L u/fpbF} o; af/] a'‰g' kg]{ s]xL s'/fx¿ cjut u/fpg uO{ /x]sf] 5' . dflg;x¿ cfˆgf] zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s sdL sdhf]/Lx¿ c¿sf] ;fd' /fVg x'Fb}g c¿nfO{ atfpg x'bF}g eGg] ;f]r /fVb5g\ . xfd|f] ;dfhn] s;}sf] sdhf]/Ldf ;xof]u ug{'sf] ;f6f] x]Kg] ub{5g\ . To;}n] klg dflg; cfˆgf] sdhf]/LnfO{ n'sfP/ sdhf]/L gePsf] cleJolQm k|bz{g u/L /x]sf x'G5g\ . cflv/ s] of] ;+;f/df tgfj /lxt dflg;x¿ klg x'G5g\ < e|i6«frf/ , cftÍ , a]/f]huf/ ,cfo ch{g gx'bFf , b]zdf cfly{s ;+s6 ,

/fhgLlts x:tIf]kn] ubf{ b]z e›uf]n cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . clxn] x/]s JolQmx¿ tgfjsf] l:yltdf 5g\ . dflg;x¿ dfq o:tf] k|f0fL xf], h;n] ;+;f/df ePsf ;a} k|fs[lts lrhx¿ cfˆgf] nfuL pkof]u ug{ ;S5g\ . To;}n] dflg;nfO{ o; k[YjLsf] ;j{ >]i7 k|f0fL elgPsf] 5 . xfdL cfˆgf] af/]df c¿sf] af/]df ;f]Rg] u5f}{ . xfdL cfˆgf] lxt c¿sf] lxt 5'§fpg] ub{5f} . cfkm} leq w]/} s'/fx¿ dgdf v]nfpg] ub{5f} . xfdLn] ;f]r]sf x'G5f} dnfO{ tgfj 5}g c¿nfO{ tgfj 5 . jf c¿nfO{ tgfj 5}g, dnfO{ tgfj 5 cyjf xfdL ;a}nfO{ tgfj 5 . tgfj eP/ klg xfdL afr F L /x]sf 5f} . tgfj /lxt xfdL x'g ;Sb}gf} . ;fgf] k|of;x¿n] klg xfdL cfˆgf] tgfjnfO{ cfwf agfpg ;S5f} . tgfj cfwf eof] eg] xfdL 3/ kl/jf/df v';L x'g ;S5f} . ;dfh, Jofkf/, Joj;fo cfˆgf] If]qsf] sfddf k|ult, ;kmn x'g ;S5f} . cfˆgf] :jf:Yodf v';L x'g ;S5f} . tgfj sd eof] eg] cfˆgf] :jf:y ;d:ofdf cf}ifwLn] k'/fk'/ sfd u5{ . xfdLn] cfˆgf] :jf:Yodf cfwf cf}ifwL 36fpg ;S5f} . lhGbuLdf cfwf b'v 36fpg ;S5f} . cfwf 36]sf] b'vsf] 7fpdf v';L eg{ ;lsof] eg] oxL hLjg sfofkn6 x'g]5 .

lrGtf s] xf] < elgG5 dfG5]nfO{ lrGtfn] lrQfdf k'of{pG5 . dflg; ;w}F lrGtfdf 8'Ag' x'Fb}g . lrGtf xf]Og xfdLn] lrGtg ug{' kb{5 . xfdLnfO{ Pp6} s'/fn] /ft lbg ;tfpg] ub{5 .

Pp6} ;d:ofn] lk/f]nL /xG5 . Pp6} s'/f af/af/ dgdf cfO{ /xG5 eg] Tof] lrGtf xf] .

Pp6f pbfx/0f Pp6f JolQm cfh dnfO{ lgG›f nfu]g . lxhf] klg nfu]sf] lyPg . ef]ln klg nfUb}g . dnfO{ lgG›f nfUb}g eGg] lrGtfn] u|l;t x'g yfN5 . oxL s'/f dgdf v]Nbf v]Nb} kfr F 5 lbg laT5 ;ftf}F lbgdf p;n] lgG›f nfUg] cf}ifwL ;]jg u5{ . olb dnfO{ lgG›f lsg nfu]g eg]/ lrGtgaf6 pkfo vf]h]/ dnfO{ lgG›f nfU5 eGg] cfTdan a9fpg ;s]df p;nfO{ cf}ifwLsf] cfjZostf kg]{ g} lyPg .lrGtf eufpg lrGtgsf] cfjZos x'G5 . xfd|f] lbdfudf lrGtf / lrGtg b'j} Ps} k6s cfpg ;Sb}g .

kfn}kfnf] leq k;L k};f s] sxfF /fv]sf] /x]5 elg ;a} lt/ x]b}{ leq aflx/ cfpg] hfg] u/] . czf]s ?Dafn] ;xsf/L leqsf] sfpG6/sf] ckf]lh6 sf]7fdf /x]sf] l;l; Sofd]/fdf /]s8{ x'g] 8L=eL=cf/ lemsL NofO{ ;f]dnfnn] r]gu]6af6 kfn] a:g] sf]7fdf NofP . ;xsf/L leq k};f /fVg] eN6 b]v] kl5 eN6 leq k:g] r]g u]6sf] tfnf kmf]8L leq /x]sf ;]km sfpG6/, eN6 ;d]t xft] Uof; ugn] kmf]8L x]bf{ gub nfvsf la6f ePsf] k};fx? b]v] . czf]s ?Dafn] eN6 leq /x]sf] l;;L Sofd/f v':sfO{ tTsfn ;~hLj aflx/ cfO{ k};f c6\g] vfnsf] emf]nf Nofp eg] kl5 ulDa/ eGg] ;f]dnfn lyªn] aflx/af6 emf]nf lbP . czf]s ?Dafn] pQm emf]nf leq nuL czf]s, s[i0f/fh / ;~hLj eO{ eN6 / sfpG6/df ePsf] ;a} k};fx? emf]nfdf /fv] . ;a}hgf ;xsf/L leqaf6 aflx/ lg:sL kfn]nfO{ afFw]s} cj:yfdf 5f8L lgl:sP . ;xsf/Laf6 clns t];f]{ lx8]/ psfnf] nfUb} sl/a ! 306f htL h+un g} h+un lx8] kl5 ;a}n] kfr F nfv krf; xhf/sf b/n] rf]/]sf] k};f af8F] . cd[t lyªnfO{ klg rf]/L u/]sf] s'/f yfxf ePsf] / pgL Odh]{G;L sfdn] cfpg gEofPsf]n] pgnfO{ klg yf]/} lbg' kg{] ;xdlt eof] . p;nfO{ klg k};f lbP kl5 s;}nfO{ elg lbb}g eGg] ;a}nfO{ ljZjf; lyof] . !%÷@) ldg]6 kl5 pHofnf] eof] . ;a}hgf cnu cnu lx8] . plgx? cnu cnu k};f af]s]/ a; r9]/ sf7df8f} k'u] . cua/n] k|fKt u/]sf] /sd cfkm\g} 3/sf] 6x/fsf] leQfdf emf]nfdf /fv]sf lyP . To;af6 pgn] % xhf/ dfq} vr{ u/]sf lyP . k|x/Ln] cua/sf] 3/af6 e?jf aGb's ;lxt rf]/Ldf k|of]u ePsf s]lx ;fdfu|L / gub % nfv $% xhf/ a/fdb u/]sf] lyof] . czf]s ?Dafn] rf]/L u/]/ nu]s} lbg a]n'sf s[i0f ?Daf eGg] s[i0f /fh nfdf / ;~hLj ?Daf eGg] ;~hLj s'df/ nfdfnfO{ hUuf lsga]r k|of]hgsf nflu %) xhf/ cfkm';uF /fv]/ % nfv ;~hLjs'df/ nfdfnfO{ ;fk6L :j?k lbPsf lyP . To;sf] s]lx lbg kl5 k;ndf ;fdfg kf6]rf}/ k;naf6 rf]/L u/]s} dWo]af6 !$÷!% xhf/sf] ;fdfg NofP . afs F L /sd sxfF vr{ eof] eGg ;s]gg\ . pgn] klg rf]/L u/]sf] l:jsf/]sf 5g\ . ulDa/ eGg] ;f]dnfn lyªn] km/s vfnsf] aofg lbPsf 5g\ . cd[t lyª pgsf cfˆg} efO{ x'g\ . ;~hLj ?Daf eGg] ;~hLj s'df/ nfdf / s[i0f ?Daf eGg] s[i0f /fh nfdf ;d]t @)&^ ;fndf ;xsf/L km'6fO{ gub k};fx? rf]/L u/L s]xL aif{ h]n leq} a;]/ 5'6]sf lyP . @)&% ;fn lt/ ulDa/ / cd[t b'a} rf]/L d'2f kqmfp k/L $ aif{ kl5 5'6]sf lyP . ToxfFaf6 5'6L ;s] kZrft ulDa/ / pgsf] >LdtL ;d]t lhNnf sf7df8f} lhNnf rG›flu/L gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !) ;t'Ën a:b} cfPsf lyP . ;~hLj s[i0f/fh / ulDa/ tLg hgfsf] ;Nnfxdf sfe|] lhNnfsf] w'lnv]n, es'08], kgf}tL lt/ uO{ wg ;DktL ePsf] 3/ tyf ;xsf/Lx?df /]SsL u/L cfpg' k5{ ;do / 7fFp cg's'n ePkl5 rf]/L ug{' k5{ eGg] of]hgf ePsf] lyof] . sfe|]sf] es'08]a];L, ag]kf kgf}tL, w'lnv]n lt/ b'O{ xKtf cuf8L wgdfn ePsf 3/ tyf ;xsf/Lx? /x]sf] 7fFp x]/]sf lyP . kgf}tL $ sf] 6f}vfn l:yt rf]/L u/]sf] ;fd'bfoLs art tyf C0f ;xsf/L Tolx cj;/df km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . ;xsf/Ldf dflg;sf] le8ef8 / lta| ?kdf sf/f]jf/ ePsf] ;"rgf kl5 Tolx ;xsf/Ldf tf]8kmf]8 u/L rf]/L ug{] of]hgf ag]sf lyof] . pQm ;xsf/Ldf /ftL kfn] /xg] x'Fbf cem} yk dg ldNg] dflg;x?sf] ;d'x rflxG5 eGg] of]hgf cg';f/ czf]s ?Dafsf] efO{nfO{ kmf]g u/]/ lemsfPsf lyP . of]hgf d'tfjLs sfo{ ;kmn eP kl5 pgL lx8]/ ;fFuf k'u]sf lyP . Tolxaf6 a; r9]/ sf7df8f} k'u]sf lyP . plgx? b'a} bfh'efO{nfO{ k|x/Ln] ;t'+unaf6} kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . cd[tsf bfh' ;f]dnfn x'g\ eg] ;;'/f s[i0f/fh nfdf x'g\ . @)&^ ;fndf ;xsf/L km'6fO{ gub k};fx? rf]/L u/L s]xL aif{ h]n leq} a;]/ @)&^ c;f]h ! ut] bfO{ ;f]dnfn lyª ;d]t lhNnf k|x/L k/L;/ nlntk'/af6 rf]/L tyf 8fFsf d'2fdf kqmfpdf k/L cg';Gwfg kZrft $ aif{ @ lbg s]lG›o sf/fuf/ sfof{no gVv' sf7df08f}df h]n ;hfo latfO{ 5'6]sf lyP .

To;kZrft 3/ lt/} a;L s[lif k]zf u/L cfO{ /x]sf lyP cd[t . bfO{ / ;;'/fn] va/ u/] kl5 pgL sf7df8f} cfPsf lyP . n'6]sf] k};f cGoq ghfcf];\ eg]/ bfh'n] efO{ / efO{sf] ;;'/fnfO{ sf7df8f} af]nfPsf lyP . k|x/Ln] kqmfp k/]sfnfO{ rf]/L tyf 8fFsf ;DalGw s;'/ d'2fdf sf/jfxL ug{ / km/f/x?nfO{ Dofb hf/L ug{ dfu u/]sf] 5 .

zlQm======================== kf; ePsf] Pdfn] sfe|] cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . k|ltlglw kl/ifb\ a}7sdf k]z ul/Psf] k|ltj]bgdf kf6L{sf k[i7e"dL, /fli6o /fhlglts cj:yf, lhNnfsf] /fhgLlts zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yf, /fhlglts ;f+u7lgs sfdsf] k|utL, kf6L{ ;+u7gsf] sfd, hg ;+u7gsf] sfd, a}rfl/s sfd, ljefuLo sfd, k|rf/sf] sfd, ;+;bLo If]qsf] sfd, lgjf{rgsf] sfd / ;ldIff, ;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;'4Ls/0f cleofg / ld;g u|f;?6 cleofg / cfufdL sfo{of]hgfsf ljifo ;d]l6Psf] ;lrj /fhg e't{]nn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pkfWoIf rGb| nfdfn] kf6L{sf sfd cem} dha't / ;'b[9 agfpg Pdfn]n] ;+u7g lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ lta|tf lbg] atfpg' eof] . pk ;lrj /fhs'df/ ;fksf]6fn] kf6L{ s]Gb|sf] lg0f{o / ljwfg cg';f/ Pdfn]n] lhNnfsf] ;d[4Lsf] ofqfnfO{ cl3 a9fO{/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . pk ;lrj l/tf 9sfnn] Pdfn]sf] cfGtl/s hLjgdf k|ltlglw kl/ifb\ a}7s, hgk|ltlglwx?sf] k|lzIf0f nufotsf ultljlwx?n] yk dha't agfPsf] atfpg' eof] . Pdfn] sfe|]df PSn} lgjf{rgdf efu lnFbf klg klxnf] kf6L{sf ?kdf :yflkt ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo txdf o; cl3 k|d'vdf & j6f kflnsfdf ljhoL xfl;n u/]sf] eP klg u7jGwgsf sf/0f of] k6s w'lnv]ndf afx]s cGo k|d'v lhTg ;s]g . k|ltlglw ;efdf uf]s'n af:sf]6f ljhoL ePsf 5g\ . kl/ifb\ a}7sdf kf6L{ pkfWoIf lji0f' kf}8]n, kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o uf]s'n af:sf]6f / s[i0f /fO{, s]lGb|o ;b:ox?, k|b]z sld6Lsf kbflwsf/Lx?, lhNnf sld6Lsf kbflwsf/Lx?n] tyf k|ltlglwx?n] ;+u7g / kf6L{ sfdsf af/]df ;'emfj lbPsf lyP .

ha lrGtf nfU5 lrGtg x'Fb}g . ha lrGtg ul//x]sf x'G5 lrGtf x'bF}g . lrGtg u/]/ sd{ u/] lrGtfaf6 d'Qm x'g ;lsG5 . o'jf cj:yfdf xfdLdf hf]; hfuF/ zlQm x'G5 . of] cj:yfdf xfdL gfl:tssf] ¿kdf /xG5f} eujfg\ b]jL b]jtf 5 h:tf] klg nfUb}g . z/L/df s'g} ;d:of ?3f nfUof] . Hj/f] cfof] .k]6 b'Vof] .

6fpsf] b'Vof] eg] cf}ifwL vfP/ lgsf] x'G5 eg]/ ;f]R5f} . k|];/ a9\of] ;'u/ a9\of] eg] s'g} sf/0fn] ubf{ eof] jf z/L/df x]nrSof{O{ eof] eg]/ ;hs x'G5f} . z/L/df nfUg] /f]u xfd|f] lgoGq0fdf x'Fb}g . cfˆgf] z/L/ klg cfkm"n] eg] h:tf] x'bF}g . Ps lbg ;a} dg{' g} kb{5 . xfdL cfˆgf] z/L/df ePsf] ;d:of ;'Nemfpg ;S5f} /f]Sg eg] ;Sb}gf} . pkrf/ ug{ ;S5f} . dg{af6 pGd'lQm kfpg ;Sb}gf} . olb cfkm"df j kl/jf/sf] ;b:odf 7'n} /f]u nfUof] eg] xfdL aNn x f d L eujfg\ ;DemG5f} . cfˆgf] sfa' eGbf aflx/sf] ;d:of k/] kl5 xfdL eGbf afx]s of] b'lgofFdf csf]{ zlQm 5 eg]/ af]w x'G5 . ;kmntf / c;kmntf ;a} dfG5]sf] cwLgdf x'Fb}g . cfˆgf] lg/Gt/ k|of;df g;f]r]sf] csN kgLo k|ult eof] eg] t];|f] zlQm ePsf] cfef; x'G5 . 7'n} b'v kbf{ xf];\ jf ;'vsf] cg'e"ltdf afxo zlQmsf] cfef; x'G5 ta dflg; wd{df ljZjf; u5{g\ ta dflg; eujfg\ k|lt cfl>t x'G5g\ . xfdL dfgj ;a}df k"0f{ 5}g . ;+;f/df dflg;n] ug{ g;lsg] s'g} c;Dej eg] lrh 5}g . t/ ;Dej ;a} cfˆgf] efUodf n]lvPsf] x'bF}g . To;}n] klg xfdLn] cfkm"n] cfkm}nfO{ a'‰g klg u'?x¿sf] b]g rflxG5 . ;Tosf] e]p kfpg of]u Wofg k|f0ffofdsf] cfjZos 5 . lrGtfaf6 d'lQm kfpg lrGtg ug{ ;Sg' kb{5 . lrGtg ug]{ dfu{ of]ufEof; , Wofg , k|f0ffofd , xf] .

tgfj s] xf] < ;as } f 3/ kl/jf/df u0'fjfg\ >LdtL / c;n kq' xbF'g} . dfof ugk'{g{]

hobz ] >i]7

tgfj sd eof] eg] cfˆgf] :jf:y ;d:ofdf cf}ifwLn] k'/fk'/ sfd u5{. xfdLn] cfˆgf] :jf:Yodf cfwf cf}ifwL 36fpg ;S5f}. lhGbuLdf cfwf b'Mv 36fpg ;S5f}.

glhssf JolQmx¿af6 c;xofu] wfs ] f ePsf] dx;;' ub5{f} ;fgf] ;fgf] s/'fdf lrQ bv ' fO{ cfˆg} dfG5a]f6 ePsf] 7fG5f} . dx;;' xg'] t/ eGg gxg'] tgfj a9b\} hfG5 . kmnfdn] ;g'nfO{ lk6b\f 7n ' f] cfjfh cfpbFg} . kmnfdn] kmnfd s6'b\f rs{} cfjfh cfPsf] xG'5 . elgG5 aGr/fn ] ] ?v sf6b\f ?vnfO{ kmnfd aGr/f] ;uF l/; xbF'g} . ug'f;f] t cfˆg} sf7sf] la8F ;uF xG'5 . ;d:of kl/jf/df af8Fg\ ;lsPg . ;d:of cfkmn " fO{ dfq k/s ] f] xf] eg/] a‰'g yfNof] eg] lrGtf cfkm} leq leq a9g\ yfN5 . xfdLn] cfkmd"f ePsf] tgfjnfO{ a‰'g ;lsPg eg] bl}gs hLjgdf c;/ k¥'ofO{ /xs ] f] xG'5 / sfnfGt/df ;fgf] ;d:ofaf6 ljs/fn ¿k lng] ub5{ . To;n } ] hLjgnfO{ ;xh / ;/n tl/sfaf6 lhpgsf] nfuL ofu] Wofg Jofofdsf] cfjZos kg{] xG'5 . hLjg efl}ts z/L/nfO{ dfgl;s ¿kdf ;Gtn ' g /fVgsf] nfuL wflds { , cfWoflTds / lj1fgsf] lqsf0]ffTds kIfaf6 ;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0fsf] dfu{ hLjg lj1fgsf u? ' x¿sf] ;t ;Ëtaf6 kfpg ;S5f} . cfˆgf] hLjgdf v;'Lsf] jLh /fK]g ;Sof} eg] xfdLaf6 lrGtf cfkm} 6f9f xg'] ub5{ . To;n } ] xfdL Ps lbg] sfoq{md v;'L lj1fg, tgfj lj;hg{ h:tf] sfoq{mddf ;xefuL eP/ tgfj dQ'm eP/ v;'Ldf afRFg ;S5f} . oxL g} hLjg lj1fgsf] nIo xf] pknlAw xf] .

-nv ] s hLjg lj1fgsf kl|zIfs xg'x'G'5_

c:ktfn=================== kg{] lrGtf AoQm u/]sf 5g\ . …sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno w'lnv]n c:ktfn;Fusf] ;DaGwnfO{ cem} dha't agfpg rfxG5, cfly{s ?kdf kf/bzL{ aGg rfxG5Ú–pks'nklt 8f=ef]nf yfkfn] eGg'eof]–…To;s} nflu sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno ;efn] ljZjljBfnosf] cfly{s lgod @)$( df cf7f} ;+zf]wg u/]sf xf}+ .Ú …c:ktfn / ljBfno b'a} 3f6fdf hfFbf hfFb} klg ToxfF sfo{/t k|fWofks sd{rf/Lsf] tna a[4L ul/Psf] 5, ljZjljBfnon] 3f6f ;x]/ eP klg ;+:yfsf] lg/Gt/tf / ;DjGwnfO{ sl;nf] agfpg rfx]sf] 5Ú–8f= yfkfn] eGg'eof]– …ljZjljBfnosf] sfo{If]q leq klg c:ktfnn] x:tIf]k ub{} Ps]8]lds lgo'lQm ul//x]sf] 5 . t/ klg ljZjljBfno df}g 5 .Ú ljZjljBfno cfkm}n] klg s'K; glhs} # ;o z}ofsf] c:ktfn lgdf{0f ul//x]sf] pks'nklt 8f= yfkfn] atfpg' eof] . …ljZjljBfnosf] cfj @)&&÷)&* / cf=j= @)&*÷)&( sf] aflif{s n]vfkl/If0f k|ltj]bg kfl/t ug{] ;DjGwdf ePsf] lg0f{o g} l6kf]6 ul/Psf a'bFfx? ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5}g . ljz]ifu/L k|wfgdGqL Pj+ s'nkltn] dfO{Go'6sf] k]h gDj/ % df pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno / w'lnv]n c:ktfnaLrsf] ;xsfo{ cem} ;demf/L xf];, ljjfb g/xf]; / ljjfb p7] kgL ga9f]; eGg] efjgfnfO{ lg0f{osf] c+u agfpg' kg{] b]lvG5Ú–l8g sfof{non] n]v]sf] kqdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5– …;fy} ;efdf k]z ul/Psf] n]vklk/If0f k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ePsf] cfufdL jif{b]vL ljZjljBfnosf cGo :s'nx?sf] h:t} :s'n ckm d]l8sn ;fO{G;]hsf] cfDbfgL vftf pks'nklt / /lh:6«f/sf] ;+o'Qm x:tfIf/af6 ;+rfng u/L vr{ ug{' kg{] /sd :s'n ckm d]l8sn ;fO{G;]h k7fpg] u/L Aoj:yf ug{] eGg] ljifo sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno / w'lnv]n c:ktfn aLrsf] ;Demf}tfsf] a'Fbf gDj/ # ljk/Lt x'g hfG5 .Ú b'j} ;+:yfn] ;Demf}tf ljkl/t gug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf] eP klg ljZjljBfnosf] P]g ;+zf]wgn] ;Demf}tf tf]l8 ;lsPsfn] To;nfO{ k'glj{rf/ ug{ cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 . bLIffGt ;df/f]xsf] s]lx lbg cl3 ljZjljBfnon] cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf ljt/Lt ul/Psf] k|]; lj1KtLdf P]g ;+zf]wgsf] a'Fbf pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm a'bFf c:ktfn / ljZjljBfnosf] ;Demf}tf ljk/Lt ePsf] c:ktfnn] atfPsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL Pj+ s'nklt k'iksdn bfxfnn] b'O{ ;+:yf aLr ;DjGwdf b/f/ cfpg] k|:tfjdf lg0f{o gug{ lbPsf] lgb{]zg ljkl/t sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnon] ljZjljBfnosf] cfly{s lgod @)$* df cf7f} ;+zf]wg lgod, @)*) nfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{] lg0f{o ul/Psf] l8g sfof{non] atfPsf] 5 . l8g sfof{non] ljZjljBfnosf] k|:tfjsf ;DjGwdf wf/0ff a'emfPsf] 5 . ljZjljBfnosf /lh:6«f/ k|f=8f cRo'tk|;fb jfUn]n] h]7 @$ ut] tLg lbgsf] Dofb /fv]/ sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno ;efsf ;a} ;b:o tyf ko{j]Ifsx?nfO{ ljZjljBfno ;efsf] (% cf} a}7ssf] dfO{Go'6 k7fpg' ePsf] lyof] . …tLg lbg leq k|ltlqmof k7fpg ;do lbP/ To;sf] cjwL gk'Ub} ljZjljBfnon] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/]/ k|:tfj lg0f{o eO{;s]sf] em'6f] ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] 5Ú–;efsf Ps ;b:on] eGg'eof]–…s'nklt Pj+ k|wfgdGqL k':ksdn bfxfn …k|r08Úsf] lgb{]zg / lg0f{o j]u/ cem} pxfn F ] ;b/ g} gu/L, ;efsf s]lx ;b:osf] c;xdltsf afah't, c:ktfn / ljZjljBfnosf] ;Demf}tf ljkl/t lg0f{o kl/kSj gx'bF} kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/]/ em'6sf] k'lnGbf ljZjljBfnosf pks'nkltn] lsg ljqmL ug{' eof] <Ú ;:tf] vktsf nflu ul/Psf ts{n] ljZjljBfno / c:ktfn aLrsf] nfdf] ;DjGwnfO{ dha't geO{ ;+s6 agfpg] lt ;b:on] atfP . k|:tfjsf af/]df :s'n ckm ;fO{G;sf l8g ;d]t /x]sf k|f=8f= /fh]Gb| sf]h'n F ] /lh:6«f/nfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{} k|wfgdGqL Pj+ s'nklt, lzIff lj1fg tyf k|ljlwdGqL Pj+ ;xs'nklt / pks'nkltnfO{ af]wfy{ h]7 @% ut] k7fPsf lyP . l8gn] kq k7fPs} lbg /lh:6«f/ jfUn] / pks'nklt yfkfn] cfly{s ;+zf]wg ug{] lg0f{o ;efn] u/]sf] lj1KtL ;fj{hlgs ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ljZjljBfno / c:ktfn b'a} ;+:yfnfO{ ;DjGwdf b/f/ cfP klg tTsfn cnu x'g eg] sfg"gL Aojwfg 5g\ . sfg"gL Aojwfgsf aLr ;DjGw lrl;b} hfbFf gful/sx?n] k|fKt ug{] xf] ls eGg] cf+zsf al9/x]sf a]nf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?n] b'a} ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?nfO{ /fv]/ ;DjGw dha't agfpg] k|of; klg yfn]sf 5g\ .

kgf}tLnfO{ afn>d d'Qm gu/ 3f]if0ff ug{ ;fd'lxs k|ltj4tf kgf}tL÷;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfon] kgf}tL gu/kflnsfnfO{ afn>d d'Qm gu/ 3f]if0ffsf nflu ;fd'lxs k|ltj4tf hgfPsf 5g\ . ljZj afnn>d lj?4 lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/]/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf hgk|ltlglw, afnaflnsfsf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ ;+3 ;+:yf, ljBfno, :jf:Yo ;+:yf, ;'/Iff lgsfo / afnaflnsfsf k|ltlglwx?n] afn>d d'Qm gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff u/L lg/Gt/ l6sfO{ /fVg] ;fd'lxs k|ltj4tf hgfPsf x'g . cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! leq afn>d d'Qm gu/ 3f]if0ff ug]{ pgLx?sf] k|ltj4tf 5 . >d /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfno, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf, cGt/fli6«o >d ;+u7gsf] cfof]hgf tyf ljZj kl/b[Zo g]kfnsf] ;xsfo{df ;/f]sf/jfnfaLr cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, pk–k|d'v lutf a~hf/f, >d /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnosf ;x–;lrj /flhj kf]v/]n, lji0f' 9sfn, nf]sgfy e';fn, cGt/fli6«o >d ;+u7gsf g]kfn l:yt sfo{qmd lgb]{zs g'dfg cf]hufg, kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t k|0f/fh Gof}kfg], /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf lgldQm ;lrj d'/fx/L zdf{, /fli6«o afn clwsf/ kl/ifbsf ;b:o ;lrj OGb|fb]jL vtfg nufot ;/f]sf/jfnsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .

#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @( c+s ## @)*) h]7 #@ ut] ljxLjf/

Pdfn]n] u¥of] k|ltlglw kl/ifb\ a}7s

;+u7gnfO{ s[oflzn agfpg sfo{stf{x?nfO{ lgb{]zg

w' l nv] n ÷g] s kf Pdfn] sfe|]knf~rf]sn] bzf} lhNnf clwa]zg kl5sf] klxnf] k|ltlglw kl/ifb\ a}7s w'lnv]ndf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . kf6L{ pkfWoIf Pj+ k"j{ pkk|wfgdGqL lji0f' kf}8]nn] a}7ssf] pb\3f6g ug{' eof] . lhNnf cWoIf czf] s Aof~h'sf] cWoIftfdf z'? ePsf] a}7sdf ! ;o #% j6f j8f, !# j6f kflnsf sld6L, hgjlu{o ;+u7g tyf lhNnf sld6L / cfdlGqt ;lxt ! xhf/ $ ;o %^ k|ltlglwx? ;xeflu lyP . lhNnfd} klxnf] / P]ltxfl;s ?kdf clwa]zg cfof]hgf u/]sf] Pdfn]n] To; kl5 ePsf ;du| sfdsf] ;ldIf / cfufdL of]hgfsf

;Gb{edf 5nkmn ug{ kl/ifb\ a}7s cfof]hgf u/]sf] cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] .

Pdfn] pkfWoIf Pj+ k"j{ pkk|wfg tyf cy{dGqL lji0f' kf}8]nn] u7aGwg ;/sf/ /fi6« / hgtfsf] lxt / pGgtL tyf k|ult lj?4 ePsf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . …lgjf{rg sfof{no vf/]h u/]/ ;+ljwfg lj?4 nf]stGqsf] lvNnL p8fPsf] 5Ú–kf}8]nn] eGg'eof]–…ef/t e|d0fdf b[Zo cb[Zo ;xdlt u/]/ kmls{g' ePsf k|wfgdGqL k':ksdn bfxfnn] g]kfnsf lhNnf /fv]/ k|sfzg ul/Psf] gS;fsf af/]df r'F ;d]t ug{ ;Sg' ePg . cem} g]kfnsf] hldg ;§fk§f ug{ ;lsg]

3f]if0ff ug{' eof] .Ú u7jGwg ;/sf/n] ljsf;, ;'zf;g / k|ult pGd'v gful/sx?nfO{ u/fpg g;Sg] atfpFb} Pdfn] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] h:tf] b'/bzL{ sfd ug{ g;Sg] k'j{ pkk|wfgdGqL kf}8]nn] atfpg' eof] . Pdfn] g]t[Tjsf] s]kL cf]nL ;/sf/n] ;f9] # jif{sf] cjwLdf ;/sf/ rnfpFbf ljsf;sf] gofF dfgs :yfkgf u/]sf] atfpFb} dGqL kf}8]nn] Tolta]nf ul/Psf] cfly{s a[4Lb/ u7jGwg ;/sf/n] e]§fpg g;Sg] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf s]lGb|o cg';zfg cfof]usf cWoIf s]zj a8fn, g]skf Pdfn]sf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o4o uf]s'n af:sf]6f / s[i0f /fO{, s]lGb|o ;b:ox?, k|b]z sld6Lsf kbflwsf/Lx?, lhNnf sld6Lsf kbflwsf/Lx? tyf cGo k|ltlglwx?n] Pdfn]n] ljutsf sfdsf] ;ldIff ub{} cfufdL of]hgfsf af/]df zzQm ultljlwx? ;+rfng ug{' kg{] atfPsf lyP . kl/ifb\df Pdfn] sfe|]n] clwa]zg kl5 u/]sf ultljlwx?, kf6L{sf] ;u7lgs, /fhgLlts / cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . cWoIf czf]s Aof~h', ;lrj /fhg e't{]n tyf ljefluo k|d'vx?n] sld6Ln] u/]sf ultljlwx?nfO{ k|ltlglw kl/ifb\df k|:t't u/] kl5 ;xeflux?n] lbPsf] ;'emfjh ;lxt k|ltj]bg kf; ePsf] lyof] . kf6L{]sf] ljwfg cg';f/ clwa]zg u/]sf] Ps jif{ kl5 k|ltlglw kl/ifb\ a}7s ug{] Aoj:yf

cg';f/ kl/ifb a}7s cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pk ;lrj l/tf 9sfnn] atfpg' eof] . of] cjwLdf Pdfn]n] u/]sf ultljlwx?, :yfgLo tyf k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rg tyf hgjlu{o ;+u7g / :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogdf kf6L{n] v]n]sf] e"ldsf nufotsf ljifodf ;ldIff ul/Psf] lyof] .

zlxb kl/jf/ / h]i7 ;b:o ;Ddflgt

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]n] kl/ifb\sf] cj;/ kf/L kf6L{sf zlxb kl/jf/sf ;b:o / h]i7 ;b:ox?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 . sl]Gbo| cg;'zfg cfofu]sf cWoIf sz ] j a8fn, hi]7 ;b:ox? ay]fGrfs ] sf uu+fk;|fb ;fksf6]f, d08g bp]k/'sf 3ggfy ltjf/L, agk]fsf ;fge'fO{ lji6, kfrFvfnsf an/fd v8s \ f, kgft}Lsf ;Togf/fo0f sdfr { fo,{ eD'ns ' f ldgaxfb/' vqL, t] d fnsf s] z j sf] O { / fnf, vfgLvfn ] fsf bn;/' dfQ]mfg, wl'nvn ] sf /fdaxfb/' yfkf, /fz ] Lsf hodfg nfdf, gdfa]4 ' sf Pssd'f/L et'n ]{ , dxfef/tsf ;/'y l;+ nfdf / rf/}Lbp]/fnLsf ;fg' lhtaxfb/' uft}dnfO{ bf;]Nnf / kd|f0fkqåf/f ;Ddfg ul/Psf] 5 eg] zlxb kl/jf/ ;b:o an/fd ;fksf6]f klTg ;l/tf ;fksf6]f, si[0fk;|fb ;fksf6]fsL klTg ldgf ;fksf6]f, l;x+la/ tfdfªsf 5f/]f lj/G]bl|j/ lyË / >Lx/L sjF'/sf kl/jf/sf ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

ag]kfdf /f]huf/ d]nf ;DkGg >Ls[i0f k|0ffdL o'jf kl/ifb\n] ag] k f÷ag] k f / kgf} t L gu/kflnsfsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf h]i7 @^ / @& ut] ag]kfsf] nfos' kl/;/df a[lQ dfu{ lgb{]zg tyf /f]huf/ d]nf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSon] /f]huf/ d]nfdf ;xeflu x'g]x?nfO{ j[lQ ljsf; ;DaGwL k/fdz{ ;]jf tyf hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf], ;Lkd"ns tfnLd lbg] ;+:yfx?sf] k|bz{gL / tfnLd af/] hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf], /f]huf/ ;DaGwL ;"rgf lbO{g'sf ;fy} /f]huf/bftf;Fu k|ToIf ;Dks{ u/fPsf] atfpg' eof] . lgMz'Ns ;~rfng x'g] sfo{:yndf cfwfl/t ;Lkd"ns tfnLdx? ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf], /f]huf/sf] cj;/ k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] / :yfgLo pTkfbgx? k|bz{gL ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . kgf}tL gu/kflnsf k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, pkk|d'v lutf a~hf/f / ljdnf ;fksf]6f, k|d'v k|zf;lso

clws[t lzjk|;fb x'dfufO{ / k|0f/fh Gof} k fg] , pBf] u afl0fHo ;+ 3 sf k|ltlglwx?n] /f]huf/ d]nf / To;sf] k|efjsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . d]nfaf6 tLg xhf/ o'jfx?sf] j[lQ k/fdz{ ;]jf k|fKt u/]sf], a]/f]huf/ o'jfx?n] ljleGg pBf]u tyf Joj;fodf /f]huf/L k|fKt ug]{ ck]Iff ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t lzjk|;fb x'dfufO{n] d]nfaf6 ljleGg pBf]u tyf Joj;foLx?n] pknAw hgzlQm af/] hfgsf/L kfpg], a]/f]huf/ o'jfx?n] :yfgLo :t/df /x]sf] pBf]u tyf Joj;fo;+u pknJw ljleGg /f]huf/Lsf cj;/jf/] hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] atfpg' eof] . g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf :jL; ;/sf/ aLrsf] låkIfLo ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;+rflnt lbuf] tyf ;Ddflgt /f]huf/Lsf nflu ;Lk kl/of]hgf bf];|f] r/0f cGtu{t pQm sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] .

kgf}tLdf pTs[i6 d]nldnfkstf{ ;Ddfg kgf} t L÷kgf} t L gu/kflnsf Goflos ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf d]nldnfkstf{ e]nfdf pTs[i6 d]nldnfkstf{ ;Ddfg @)*) af6 j8f gDa/ ( sf dfwj k|;fb x'dfufO{ ;Ddflgt x'g' ePsf] 5 . x'dfufO{nfO{ gub k'/:sf/ ;xlt gu/ k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/Ln] k|df0fkq gub ? % xhf/ % ;o %% / ;xlt bf];Nnf cf]9fP/ ;Ddfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltyL e08f/Ln] d]nldnfkstf{sf] e'ldsf cAan x'g] 9ªn] sfo{ ug{ gu/ ;b}j d]nldnfkstf{sf] lxtdf cfaZos sfo{ ug{ tof/ /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . d]nldnfk stf{x?n] klg lgikIf e'ldsf v]Ng'kg{]

e08f/Ln] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf pk k|d'v lutf aGhf/fn] Goflos ;ldltsf ljjfb lg?k0fdf d]nldnfkstf{n] cToGt /fd|f] sfo{ u/]sf], cfkm' hlxn] klg d]nldnfkstf{x?sf] ;fy /x]sf] / cfufdL lbgdf o;sf] lglDt cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{ kxn ul/g] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t k|0f/fh Gof}kfg], d]ndlnfkstf{x? /df ltdlN;gf, nf]sgfy ;fksf]6f nufotn] cf–cfˆgf] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . To;}u/L :jfut dGtJo Goflos ;ldlt ;b:o dx]G›nfn >]i7n] /fVg' ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmd k|bLk ;fksf]6fn] ;+rfng ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

shf{ r'Qmf ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|ydk6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)*).@.#@

o; ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg shf{ lzif{s cGtu{t shf{ lnO{ ;fFjf Jofh aSof}tf a;]sf] / k6s k6s lgh C0fLx?nfO{ lnlvt tyf df}lvs ?kdf ;Dks{ u/L o; ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0fsf] ;fFjf, Jofh, xh{gf / lanDa z'Ns cflbsf] afFsL aSof}tf /sd ltg{ a'emfpg cfpg' x'g elg cg'/f]w ubf{ j]jf:tf ul/ a;]sf]n] lgh C0fLx? pk/ #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq o; ;+:yfdf pkl:yt eO{ afFsL aSof}tf /sd ltg{ a'emfpg cfpg' ePg eg] lwtf] ;'/If0f lbPsf] eP lwtf] ;'/If0f lbPsf] rn crn ;DklQ lnnfd ljqmL u/L jf lwtf] ;'/If0f gePdf ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ sf] bkmf &(, *# / *$ tyf ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&% sf] lgod #@ adf]lhd C0fL jf C0fLsf cGo c+lzof/x?sf] gfddf /x]sf] hfoh]yf /f]Ssf /fvL c;'n pk/ ul/g] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ . cfjZos hfgsf/Lsf] nflu sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{'xf]nf .

kmf]g g+= M )!!–$!!)!#

sd{rf/L cfjZostf ag]kfdf /x]sf] Ps k;nsf] nflu k'?if sd{rf/L cfjZos ePsf] x'“bf OR5's JolQmn] t" ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf . ;Dks{ M (*%!)(@*$)

Sofgf8f hfg ;r]lts/0f / k/fdz{sf nflu ‘lju Aof·’

u¥of] pTk|]/0ffd'ns k|lzIf0f

ag] k f÷ag] k fdf Sofgf8f cWoog ug{ rfxg] ljBfyL{x?sf nflu ;xhLs/0f ug{ lju AofË gfds cGt{ / fli6« o Ph' s ] z gn sG;N6] G ;L z'ef/De ul/Psf] 5 . sG;N6]G;Lsf] z'ef/De g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gfn] ug{' ePsf] 5 . …cj;/sf nflu cWoog ug{ rfxg] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;xh / ;/n tl/sf6 k7fpg] sfo{df ljBfyL{ / cleefjssf] dg lhTg' h?/L 5Ú–g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gfn] eGg'eof]–…ljBfyL{ 7lug], cnkq kg{] / ;Demf}tf cg';f/sf] sfd gx'g] cj:yf cfpg glbg z'?d} ;To tYo s'/f a'emfP/ dfq} k|s[of z'? ug{ cfjZos 5 .Ú s]lx sG;N6]G;Ln] afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ljleGg d'n's cWoogsf nflu k7fpg] gfddf 7lu ul//x]sf] u'gf;f] cfO{/x]sf] cj:yfdf Aofkf/Ls gu/L ag]kfdf z'? ePsf] lju AofËn] cleefjs / ljBfyL{sf] dg lhTg] sfo{ ug{ 8fO{/]S6/ zlz ltdlN;gfn] atfpg' eof] .

…ljBfyL{x?nfO{ z'?df ;a} ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . ljBfyL{x?n] s'g SofDk;df s'g ljifo cWoog ug{] xf] < Tof] cWoogn] ljBfyL{ x ?sf] afF s L eljZosf nflu /f]huf/sf] jf cfTdlge{/ aGg] cj;/ k|bfg u5{ ls ub{}g < ;a} a'emfP kl5 dfq} k|s[of z'? u5f{}Ú–8fO{/]S6/ zlz ltdlN;gfn] eGg'eof]–…Sofgf8fdf /x]sf % j6f ljZjljBfnox?df k|ToIf / cGo s]lx z} l Ifs ;+ : yfdf lju AofË dfkm{ t ljBfyL{x? k7fO{g] 5 .Ú Sofgf8fdf s]lGb|o sfof{no /x]sf] pQm sG;N6]G;Ln] ;r]tgf ;lxtsf] k/fdz{ lbg] ltldN;gfn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf c6n kfFrs'08 ;xsf/Lsf cWoIf lbks bfxfnn] a}b]lzs /f]huf/ cyft{ z}lIfs sfo{df hfg] AolQmx?sf nflu ;+:yf dfkm{t ;xof]u ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . ;+:yf / ;xsf/L aLrsf] ;dembf/L / ;Demf}tf u/]/ ;dGjo ug{ ;lsg] atfpg' eof] . pQm sG;N6]G;Ldf ^ hgfsf] ;fem]bf/L /x]sf] 5 . cleefjsx?n] Sofgf8f ;Gtfg k7fpg rfFxbf pQm sG;N6]G;Ldf ;dGjo ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

l;8 g]kfn ax'pb]Zo ;xsf/Lsf] @$ cf} jflif{sf]pT;j ag]kf÷>Ls[i0f k|0ffdL o'jf kl/ifb\ g]kfn lhNnf ;ldlt sfe|]sf] cfof]hgfdf ag]kfsf] s[i0f dlGb/df lrGtf/lxt hLjg lhpg] c;n tl/sf / pTk|]/0ffd'ns k|lzIf0f Pj+ efif0f snf lzlj/ >Ls[i0f k|0ffdL o'jf kl/ifb\sf s]lGb|o pkfWoIf sf}zn km'Fofnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lzlj/df ;dfh ;]jL k|lzIfs ;'ldqf rf}nfufO{+ -;'dL dfgj_ n] hLjg s;/L hLpg], hLjg s] xf], xfdLn] cfˆgf] hLjgnfO{ s:tf] agfpg], clxn] dflg;x?df ;+:sf/, ;xof]uL, dfgjtfsf] efjgf x/fpb} uPsfn] To;tkm{ ;a}n] ;f]Rg'kg{] h:tf k|]/0ffTds ;Gb]z k|bfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf o'jf hfu/0f k|lzIfs s]G›Lo k|lzlIf0f ljefu k|d'v gj/fh 9sfnn] o'jfx?df lj:tf/} ;xof]uLsf] efjgf a9\b} uPsf] atfpg' eof] . o'jfx?n] g} ;dfh kl/j{tg ug{] ePsfn] ;a} o'jfx? ;lx dfu{df

nfUg'kg{] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf o'jf kl/ifb\sf cWoIf tyf sfo{qmddf ;efklt p4a ltdlN;gfn] o'jf kl/ifb\n] ;a} wd{nfO{ ;dfg, ;a} dlGb/df aln d'Qm agfpgsf nflu lg/Gt/ nflu /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . kl/ifb\n] ljleGg ;fdflhs sfo{x? ub}{ cfPsf] ltdlN;gfn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{ q mddf s] G ›Lo wfd gjtwfd uflbklt ;Gt !)* cd[t/fh lh dxf/fh, s]G›Lo ;b:ox? led aufn], lbks sfsL{, afnx/L yfkf, df]xg d's'Gb x'dfufO{, o'jf kl/ifb\ g]kfnsf lgjt{dfg s]G›Lo dxf;lrj ;'dg k'8f;}gL, nlntk'/ o'jf kl/ifb\ cWoIf s[i0f v8\sf nufotsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;~rfng kl/ifb\sf ;lrj k|f0fgfy ;fksf]6fn] ;~rfng ug{' ePsf] lyof] . lzlj/df h]i7 gful/sx?, :yfgLojf;Lx? ;xefuL /xg' ePsf] lyof] .

d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsf :jf:Yo zfvf sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

:jf:Yo ;DaGwL hfgsf/L – jiff{ofddf kmf]xf]/ tyf b"lift kfgLaf6 x'g] ;?jf /f]ux? h:t}, emf8fkvfnf, cfpF kg{], x}hf, 6fO{kmfO{8 cflbaf6 aRg ;kmf tyf pdfn]sf] kfgL lkpg] afgL a;fnf}+ .

– nfdv'§]sf] 6f]sfO{af6 aRg ;w} em'nsf] k|of]u u/f}+ .

– kfgL hDg], vfN8fv'N8L, efF8f, Knfli6ssf ;/;fdfgdf ePsf] kfgL gi6 u/f}+ .

– sf]/f]gf nufot cGo ?3fvf]sLaf6 aRg df:ssf] k|of]u u/f}+ .

– w'nf] w'Fjfaf6 arf}+ tyf arfcf}+ .

xflb{s awfO{

gfnf÷l;8 g]kfn ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] @$ cf} jflif{s pT;jsf] cj;/df j[Iff/f]k0f tyf z}lIfs ;fdu|L ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . ;f]lx ca;/df ;+:yfdf cfa4 afn ;b:ox?nfO{ z}lIfs ;fdfu|L ljt/0f ul/Psf] ;+:yfsf cWoIf /]zd g]kfnLn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f $ sf j8f cWoIf Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7n] afnaflnsfx?nfO{ z}lIfs ;dfu|L ljt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] >]i7n] ;xsf/Lx?n] ;d'bfodf w]/} /fd|f] sfd ub{] cfP klg kl5Nnf] ;do s]lx ;xsf/Lx? kfl/af/Ls / ;xsf/L P]g cg';f/ ;~rfng gx'bfF cfd dflgx?df ;xsf/Lx? k|lt ljt[i0f a9]b}

uPsf] atfpg' eof] . ;xsf/L P]g cGt{ut ;~rfng ePsf s'g} klg ;xsf/Ldf ;d:of gePsf] / ;b:ox?n] To:tf ;xsf/Lx? ;Fu dfq sf/f]af/ ug{ ;'emfj lbb} >]i7n] a9L Aofhsf] nf]edf ;fjfF / art ;d]t u'dfpg' k/]sf] atfpg' eof] . l;8 g]kfn ;+:yfn] w]/} pbf/0fLo sfd ub{] cfPsf] / ;b:ox?n] 9'Ss ;Fu sf/f]af/ ug{ ;lsg] ;d]t >]i7n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks cWoIf tyf ;Nnfxsf/ l;l4 axfb'/ sdf{rfo{, ;+:yf cGo kwflbsf/L, ;b:ox?sf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx ca;/df pQm lbg ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f $ df /x]sf] a|Dxf kfs{df j[Iff/f]k0f ;d]t ul/Psf] ;+:yfsf k|jGws /fh]Gb| sf]Ëfn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

sfe|]sf z/bn] d]/f] EjfO{; olge;{df w'd dRrfP s'zfb]aL÷kgf}tL gu.kflnsf j8f gDa/ @ s'zfb]aLsf !( jifL{o z/b x'dfufO{ d]/f] EjfO{; olge;{ sfo{qmddf 6k @) df / cToflws ?rfO{Psf] clGtd ^ df kg{' ePsf] 5 . g]kfn 6]lnlehgaf6 x/]s xKtfsf] a'waf/ / ljlxaf/ k|zf/0f e}O{/x]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf ljZjsf %@ eGbf a9L b]zaf6 k|ltof]lutfdf ;xefuL ePsf 5g\ eg] sfe|]af6 x'dfufO{sf] lgs} rrf{

r'lnPsf] 5 . x'dfufO{ ;fg} b]vL ;+uLtdf ?lr /fVb} cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . x'dfufO{ xfn ag]kfsf] lgi6 sn]hdf :gfts txdf cWog ub{] x'g'x'G5 . ljZje/af6 cfPsf g]kfnL efifL k|ltefx? lar ut dlxgf b]vL sf7df8f}df ePsf ljleGg ;fO{6n]; cl8;gaf6 pQm k|ltefx? 5flgPsf x'g . pQm o'lge{;df k|yd x'g]nfO{ ? ! s/f]8 låltonfO{ #) nfv / t[tLonfO{ @) nfvsf] k'/:sf/ /flz /x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .

ef]ldn] u¥of] h]i7 gful/snfO{ ltyf{6g / ;Ddfg ag] k f÷ef] d L ax' p 2] Z oLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8n] pQm ;+:yfdf cfa4 &) jif{ eGbf dflysf ;b:ox?nfO{ uf}/tL led;]g rf}tf/fdf h]i7 gful/s ltyf{6g / h]i7 gful/s ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 . h]i7 ;b:ox?nfO{ ;+:yfsf cWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7n] bf];Nnf, lgjt{dfg cWoIf ;To gf/fo0f >]i7n] / k"j{ cWoIf df]xg s[i0f >]i7n] ;Ddfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf pkfWoIf xl/axfb'/

>]i7n] :jfut dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] eg] ;+:yfsf k|aGws ;'g}gf >]i7n] ;+:yfsf] ultljlwaf/] k|sfz kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf h]i7 gful/ssf] tkm{af6 uf]kfn k|wfg, ;+:yfsf Zofd gf/fo0f efn' nufotn] z' e sfdgf dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj ;+:yfsf cWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] pb\3f]if0f ;lrj sfG5f s'df/ >]i7n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

Ifdtf clej[l4 ;DaGwL kgf}tL pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] ;"rgf g]kfn l6k/ tyf 6«s Joj;foL ;ldltsf] !@ cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef tyf & cf}+ clwj]zgaf6 s[i0f k|;fb kGt cWoIf, lzj cf]emf jl/i7 pkfWoIf cd/ >]i7 k|yd pkfWoIf, /fh' ;Tofn l4lto pkfWoIf, x]d/fh >]i7, t[tLo pkfWoIf, k|lbk a:g]t ;lrj, dgf]h sfsL{ ;x;lrj, /fhg >]i7 sf]iffWoIf, /Tgdl0f kf7s -xl/_ ;x–sf]iffWoIf kbdf nufot dfgfy{ ;b:o ;lrjfno ;b:o Pj+ ;b:o kbx?df lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf / kgf}tL pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf Ifdtf clej[l4 sfo{qmd lgDg ldlt ;do / :yfgdf x'g] ePsfn] ;Dk"0f{ pBf]u Joj;foLnfO{ pkl:yltsf nflu xflb{s lgdGq0ff ub{5f}+ . sfo{qmd k|lzIfsx? ldlt M @)*) c;f/ ( / !) ut] ;do M ljxfg *M#) ah] :yfg M OGb|]Zj/ SofDk; ;ef xn, kgf}tL–&, sfe|]

– cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no w'lnv]n – kgf}tL g=kf= /fh:j zfvf – pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf k|ltlglw

gf]6 M pQm sfo{qmddf vfgf / vfhfsf] ;d]t Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 .

$

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @( c+s ## @)*) h]7 #@ ut] ljxLjf/

ljZjljBfnodf @* cf} bLIffGt pTkfbg / /f]huf/ a[l4 ug{] ;df/f]xsf] bf]>f] bLIffGt sfo{qmd k|fyldstfdf

w'lnv]n÷sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf] @* cf} bLIffGt ;df/f]xsf] bf]>f] r/0fsf] bLIffGt ;df/f]x ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf ljleGg txsf ljleGg pkfwLx? k|bfg ug{ u|];ln:6 :jLs[t ug{] sfo{sf nflu a;]sf] ;efn] bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf ;xeflu x'g] ljBfyL{x?sf nflu pkfwL k|bfg ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx lg0f{o cg';f/ cfO{taf/ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ lblIft ul/Psf] xf] . bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf kLPr8L ( hgf, Pdlkmn $! hgf, :gfQsf]t/ txsf (* hgf / :gfts txsf ! xhf/ (@ u/L ! xhf/ @ ;o $) hgf ljBfyL{ bLlIft ePsf lyP . bLIfLt x'g]x? dWo] cf6{;df #%, Ph's]zg %&, OlGhlgol/Ësf # ;o ^%, nsf ! hgf, Dofg]hd]G6sf %) hgf, d]l8sn ;fO{G;]hsf % ;o ^% hgf / ;fO{G;sf ! ;o ^& ljBfyL{ 5g . ljZjljBfnosf] O{ltxf;df klxnf] k6s :s'n ckm OlGhlgol/Ësf Aofrn/ ckm cfls{6]Sr/df @( hgfnfO{ pkfwL k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd ljZjlaBfnoaf6 $!

xhf/ @ ;o &% hgf ljBfyL{ plt{0f ePsf 5g\ . bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf ef/t nufot $ j6f b]zsf &# hgf ljBfyL{ klg ;xeflu ePsf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf sf]le8 nufotsf sf/0f ljb]zL ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof 36]sf] 5 . bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf rfG;n/ :j0f{kbs :gftsf]Q/ txdf :s'n ckm Ph's]zgsf l;4fy{ /hsn] kfPsf 5g\ . efO{; rfG;n/ :j0f{kbs :gfts txdf :s'n ckm Ph's]zgsL ;lGrtf s];Ln] kfPsL l5g\ . To:t} h'4axfb'/ >]i7 :j0f{ kbs PdljP txaf6 :s'n ckm Dofg]hd]G6sL k|Zgf e§/fO{ / /0faxfb'/ zfx :j0f{kbs PdljP txdf :s'n ckm Dofg]hd]G6sL cfo':df kf]v/]nn] k|fKt ug{] ePsL l5g\ . bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf s'nklt Pj+ k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfn, d'DjO{ ljZjljBfno nufotsf ljleGg ljZjljBfnosf k'j{ pks'nklt / xfn P6nf; l:snl6r ljZjljBfno d'DaO{sf pks'nklt k|f]=8f /fhg a]Nn's/n] bLIfLt ljBfyL{x?nfO{ awfO{ lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

ag] k f÷k| w fgGdGqL Pj+ sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf s'nklt k'iksdn bfxfnn] d'n's cfly{s bjfaaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . …cfGtl/s tyf afXo If]qaf6 ;d]t d'n'sn] cfly{s bafasf] ;fdgf ul//x]sf] 5Ú–k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] eGg'eof] . sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf] w'lnv]nsf] @* cf} bLIffGt ;df/f]xsf] bf]>f] r/0fsf] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{} s'nklt ;d]t /xg' ePsf k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfnn] cfly{s bafa /f]Sg ;/sf/n] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd / ah]6df & ;o %# j6} kflnsfdf pTkfbg / /f]huf/ a[l4 ug{] sfo{qmd ;dfj]z u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . …s[lifdf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd ;a} :yfgLo txdf s]lGb|t u/]sf 5f}+Ú–k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] eGg'of]–…o:tf sfo{qmddf bIf hgzlQm ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g ;Sof] eg] d'n'snfO{ yk ;xhtf x'g]5 .Ú d'n'sdf ljZjljBfno vf]Ng] xf]8afhL rln/x]sf] atfpFb} k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] ePsf ljZjljBfnosf] u'0f:tl/otf a[l4 ug{], ljBfyL{ sd x'Fb} uPsf sf/0f ;+s6df kg{ yfn]sf ;fd'bflos SofDk;x? PsLs/0f ug{] / k"jf{wf/ ePsf :yfgdf dfq} ljZjljBfno ;+rfng ug{'kg{] k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] atfpg' eof] . lzIff ;]jfnfO{ lgof{td'vL x'gaf6 hf]ufpg s]lx sbd rfNg' kg{] eP klg b]zsf nflu cfjZos kg{] bIf hgzlQm ljb]lzg /f]Sg] pkfo pTkfbgd'vL / /f]huf/d'vL sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{'kg{] atfpg' eof] .

dxfef/t ufp“kflnsf

oGqLs/0f ;fdfgx? ljt/0f ub]{ cfPsf] 5 . ;b:ox?nfO{ cfTdlge/{ agfpg] / kl|jlwsf] ko|fu]df pTkfbgdf al[4 ugs { f nfuL sl[if ;fdfuL|x? ljt/0f ul/Psf] du+f|tL jtfpg' eof] . ;+:yfn] ;b:ox?sf] cfjZostf aDaf]lhd pTkfbglzn, cfod'ns, l;kd'ns If]qsf] klxrfg u/L shf{ nfugL u/L ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s / ;fdflhs lhjg :t/ psf:g ;xof]u k'u]sf] cWoIf d+u|ftLn] jtfpg' eof] . ;+:yfn] ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj cGt{ut :jf:Yo lzla/, /Qmbfg h:tf ljleGg sfo{x? ub}{ cfPsf] hgfPsf] 5 .

z+v'÷e"dL Aoj:yf s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno afudtL k|b]z x]6f}+8f cGt/ut s[lif 1fg s]G› sfe|]knfGrf]s / uf}/Lz++s/ ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;fem]bfl/df %)÷%) k|ltzt cg'bfgdf ;'Gtnf hft k|j{4g sfo{qmd cGt{ut oflGqs/0f pknAw u/fO{Psf] 5 . s[lif 1fg s]Gb| dfkm{t !^ nfv / ;xsf/Lsf] !^ nfv u/L #@ nfv ?k}ofFdf oflGqs/0f vl/b ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm /sdaf6 ;ft PrkL kfj/sf] 6]n/ @* yfgsf] !! nfv $* xhf/ / ! ;o & yfg On]lS6«s 6'j]o Aof6«L :k|] kDk $ nfv @* nfvsf] ;fdfg ! ;o #% hgf s[ifsnfO{ %) k|ltzt cg'bfgdf pknAw u/fO{Psf] ;+:yfsf cWoIf l;tf/fd e§/fO{n] atfpg' eof] . cg'bfgsf ;fdfu|L x:tfGt/0f sfo{qmddf slif 1fg s]G› sfe|]sf k|ltlglw

afnL laif]z1 ;l/tf ;fksf]6f, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf !@ gDj/ j8fsf j8f cWoIf df]xg nfld5fg], gu/ ;b:ox? uf]lks[i0f >]i7, /d]z tfdfª, laef /Dt]n, sfo{kflnsf ;b:o sdnf sfˆn] / ;'ld e'h]n ;fy} lgj{tdfg j8f cWoIf xs{axfb'/ tfdfª, ;dfh;]jLx?, ;+:yfsf ;+Grfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?, ;b:ox?, n]vf ;ldlt kbflwsf/Lx?, cGt/ ;d'x ;+of]hsx? / ;'Gtnf au}+rf ls;fgx?sf] ;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx cj;/df ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ;d]t cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] .

To:t} sfo{qmddf ;'Gtnfsf la?jf, vf8n, k|fËufl/s dn;Fu !^ nfv a/fa/sf] sfo{ lj?jf afx]s ;DkGg e};s]sf] / c;f/ klxnf] xKtf $* ;o la?jf k|fKt eP kl5 ls;fgx?nfO{ ljt/0f ul/g] atfO{Psf] 5 .

dxfef/t ufp“kflnsf

:jf:Yo zfvf b]jL6f/, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

;+:yfdf cfa4 afn ;b:ox?nfO{ z}lIfs ;fdfu|L ljt/0f gfnf÷4f/kfn] Z j/ ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L s[lif ;+:yfdf cfa4 sf]lknf z}lIfs afn artstf{x?nfO{ z}lIfs ;fdfu|L tyf 5fqf a[lQ ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . !^ jif{ d' l gsf afn sflnsfx?nfO{ slk, kl]G;n. s6/, Aofu nufPtsf ;fdfuL|x? ljt/0f u/s ] f] 5 . :yflgo :t/df 5l/P/ /xs ] f yf/]} yf/]} /sd hDdf u/L :yflgo :t/df sl[if Aokf/ / Aoa;fodf nufgL u/L cleal[4 u/fpg] ;:+yfsf] p2Z]o /xs ] f] ;:+yfsf cWoIf /dz ] hu+ du+f|tLn] jtfpg' eof] . ;:+yfn] ;:+yfdf cfa4 ;b:ox?nfO{ cgb'fgdf sl[if

cfdlGqt k|fWofks 8f= /fhg j]n's/n] g]kfn / g]kfnLx?nfO{ bIf agfpg u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf nflu z}lIfs ;+:yfx? cAan agfpg' kg{] atfpg' eof] . hnjfo' cg's'ng, ljZjAofkL dfGotf tyf k|lt:kwf{df pqg ;Sg] bIf hgzlQm tof/ ug{ sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnonfO{ k|fWofks 8f= /fhg j]s'n/n] z'esfdgf lbg'eof] . sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt k|f=8f=ef]nf yfkfn] rfn' z}lIfs jif{df egf{sf] b/ &) k|ltzt dfq} /x]sfn] ljZjljBfnosf nflu r'gf}tLk"0f{ cj:yf /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . …g]kfn leq sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno h:tf cAan ;+:yf :yflkt 5g\ pRr lzIffsf nflu o'jfx? ljb]lzg'sf] sf/0f u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|ltsf] z+;on] geO{ cGof]k"0f{ eljio xf]Ú–k|f=8f= ef]nf yfkfn] eGg'eof]–…ljZjljBfno leq} /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ k|bfg u/L ljb]z knfog x'gaf6 /f]Sg x/;Dej k|of; u/]sf 5f}+ .Ú g]kfnsf] pRr lzIffsf ;a} cfofdx?sf] cGt{/fli6«os/0fsf nflu ljZjljBfnon] ljz]if kxn u/]sf] atfpFb} k| f =8f ef] n f yfkfn] sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno gaLgtd vf]h tyf cg';Gwfgdf cAan ;fljt x'Fb} uPsf] atfpg' eof] . ;xs'nklt Pj+ lzIffdGqL czf]ss'df/ /fO{, /lh:6«f/ cRo't jfUn] nufotn] sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno / bLIffGtsf ;Gb{edf wf/0ff /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] bLIffGt cl3 …:s'n ckm nÚ sf] gj lgld{t ejgsf] pb\3f6g ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

uf}/Lz+s/ ;fgf ls;fgsf ;b:onfO{ oflGqs/0f

:jf:Yo zfvf b]jL6f/, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

:jf:Yo ;DaGwL hfgsf/L – jiff{ofddf kmf]xf]/ tyf b"lift kfgLaf6 x'g] ;?jf /f]ux? h:t}, emf8fkvfnf, cfpF kg{], x}hf, 6fO{kmfO{8 cflbaf6 aRg ;kmf tyf pdfn]sf] kfgL lkpg] afgL a;fnf}+ .

– nfdv'§]sf] 6f]sfO{af6 aRg ;w} em'nsf] k|of]u u/f}+ .

– kfgL hDg], vfN8fv'N8L, efF8f, Knfli6ssf ;/;fdfgdf ePsf] kfgL gi6 u/f}+ .

– sf]/f]gf nufot cGo ?3fvf]sLaf6 aRg df:ssf] k|of]u u/f}+ .

:jf:Yo ;DaGwL hfgsf/L sf]/f]gf lj?4sf] vf]k nufcf}+ – z'Go 8f]h x'g]n] klxnf] 8f]h nufcf}+ .

– klxnf] 8f]h nufpg]n] @ dlxgfkl5 bf];|f] nufcf}+ .

– bf];|f] 8f]h nufpg]n] ^ dlxgfkl5 klxnf] a'i6/ 8f]h nufcf}+ .

– klxnf] a'i6/ 8f]h nufPsf] # dlxgf kl5 bf];|f] a'i6/ 8f]h nucf}+ .

– sf]/f]gf lj?4sf] vf]k ;DalGwt :jf:Yo ;+:yfsf] lgoldt vf]k ;Fu} nufO{G5 .

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

o; ;+:yfsf pkfWoIf g]kfn ;'wf/ e}n g]kfn ca{'b/f]u lgjf/0f ;+:yf sfe|] zfvfsf] sfo{jfxs ;efklt kbdf rog x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

g]kfn l6k/ tyf 6«s Joj;foL ;ldltsf] !@ cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef tyf & cf}+ clwj]zgaf6 s[i0f k|;fb kGt cWoIf, lzj cf]emf jl/i7 pkfWoIf cd/ >]i7 k|yd pkfWoIf, /fh' ;Tofn l4lto pkfWoIf, x]d/fh >]i7, t[tLo pkfWoIf, k|lbk a:g]t ;lrj, dgf]h sfsL{ ;x;lrj, /fhg >]i7 sf]iffWoIf, /Tgdl0f kf7s -xl/_ ;x–sf]iffWoIf kbdf nufot dfgfy{ ;b:o ;lrjfno ;b:o Pj+ ;b:o kbx?df lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

lblnks'df/ >]i7

;'/]z vqL

cWoIf tyf

cWoIf tyf

ag]kf ljsf; ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L afudtL l6k/ Joj;foL ;+3 kl/jf/ ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|] ag]kf, sfe|]

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

%

jif{ @( c+s ## @)*) h]7 #@ ut] ljxLjf/

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|] lhNnf sld6Låf/f bzf} lhNnf clwa]zg kl5sf] klxnf] k|ltlglw kl/ifb\ a}7sdf k|:t't /fhgLlts tyf ;+u7gfTds k|ltj]bg czf]s Aof~h', cWoIf g]skf Pdfn] sfe|] @)&* kf}if @# b]lv kf}if @^ df ;DkGg ePsf] kf6L{ lhNnf sld6Lsf] bzf}+ lhNnf clwj]zgsf] sl/j 8]9 jif{kl5 lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd tyf ko{6sLo gu/L w'lnv]ndf xfdL bzf}+ lhNnf clwj]zg kZrftsf] k|yd lhNnf k|ltlgwL kl/ifsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt ePsf 5f}+ . of] P]ltxfl;s cj;/df d ;a} cltyL / k|ltlgwL sd/]8x?nfO{ xflb{s :jfut cleafbg AoQm ub{5' / g]kfnL qmflGtsf gjLg ljrf/s hgg]tf s= dbg e08f/L, g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf ;+:yfks s= k'iknfn / k|yd lgjf{lrt sDo'lgi6 k|wfgdGqL s= dgdf]xg clwsf/Lsf] of]ubfgnfO{ :d/0f ub}{ jxfFx?k|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ug{ rfxG5' . g]kfnL hgtfsf] d'lQm cfGbf]ngdf lqmofzLn /xFbf /xFb} lbj+ut x'g'ePsf ;Dk'0f{ zlxbx? tyf xfn} lbj+ut x'g'ePsf kf6L{sf lhNnf sld6L ;b:ox? s=huGgfy clwsf/L, s=/fds'df/ tfdfª / hgcfGbf]ngsf 3fO{t] d's]z sfo:yk|lt xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5' . != k[i7e"dL xfd|f] kf6L{sf] ljwfgn] x/]s sld6Lsf] clwj]zg kZrft jflif{s?kdf k|ltlgwL kl/ifbsf] a}7s a:g] Aoj:yf u/]sf] 5 . @)&* k'ifdf lhNnf sld6Lsf] bzf}+ clwj]zg ;DkGg ePkZrft @)&( k';df lhNnf k|ltlgwL kl/ifbsf] a}7s a:g'kg]{ lyof] . ut d+l;/df ;DkGg k|ltlgwL ;ef / k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rg kZrftsf] Ao:ttf / To; nuQ} ;'? ePsf] kf6L{sf] ld;g u|f;?6 cleofgsf sf/0f xfn of] a}7s cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf clwj]zg kZrftsf] of] cjwLdf /fli6«o /fhgLltdf / lhNnfsf] ;du| /fhgLlts kl/l:ytLdf ljleGg jbnfjx? b]vfk/]sf 5g\ . To;}ul/ kf6L{sf] ;f+u7lgs hLjgdf klg s]xL dxTjk"0f{ pknAwLx? xfl;n ePsf 5g\ . ljwfgsf] Aoj:yf adf]lhd pNn]lvt ;du| ljifoa:t'x?nfO{ ;d]6]/ lhNnf sld6Lsf] tkm{af6 k|:t't /fhgLlts, ;ª\u7gfTds / cfly{s k|ltj]bgdfly 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug]{, lhNnf sld6Lsf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdfly 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug]{, lhNnf sld6Lsf sfo{x¿sf] ;du| ;dLIff u/L cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg] / lhNnf sld6Lsf] of]hgf lgdf{0f ug{ ;'emfj lbg] sfo{df ;Dk"0f{ k|ltlgwL sd/]8x? u+le/tfk"j{s ;xefuL x'g'xg]5 eGg] ck]Iff u/]sf] 5' . @= /fli6«o /fhgLlts cj:yf lhNnf clwj]zg kZrftsf] of] cjwLdf d'n'sdf ltg j6} txsf lgjf{rgx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . g]skf Pdfn] e;]{; afFsL c? /fhgLlts ZfQmLx?sf] ljrdf k|lt:kwf{ /x]sf ;a} lgjf{rgdf xfldn] xfn k|fKt u/]sf] kl/0ffd cfpg' ;fdfGotof :jefljs g} lyof] . lgwf{l/t ;dod} lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g' ;+j}wflgs / /fhgLlts b[li6n] dxTjk"0f{ Pj+ ;sf/fTds ljifo eP klg lgjf{rgaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf] zlQm–;Gt'ng /fhgLlts :yfloTj, /fli6«otf, nf]stGq / ;'zf;g Pj+ ;d[l4sf nflu k|lts"n /x]sf] 5 . ;QfkIfsf] 3]/faGbL, cfqmd0f / ldYof k|rf/sf r'gf}tLaLr klg kf6L{ hgtfsf] /f]hfOsf] klxnf] kf6L{ aGg ;Sg' dxTjk"0f{ pknAwL xf] . lgjf{rg kZrft @)&( k'; !) ut] kf6L{sf tkm{af6 k'iksdn bfxfn k|r08 nfO{ k|wfgdGqL k|:tfj u/]/ d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts sf];{nfO{ ;xL lbzfdf kmsf{pg kf6L{n] u/]sf] k|of; ;xL eP klg dfcf]jfbLsf] cj;/jfbL cfr/0f tyf ljleGg zlQm s]Gb|x?sf] rnv]nsf sf/0f pQm k|of; b'O{ dlxgfd} ljkmn x'g k'u]sf] 5 . To;k5L lgld{t ;Qf u7aGwgn] ckgfPsf unt cfly{s gLltx?sf sf/0f d'n'ssf] cy{tGq ;ª\s6sf] ;F3f/df k'u]sf] 5 . /fhgLlts cl:y/tf, cfly{s ;ª\s6, u7aGwgn] ;+:yfut u/]sf] e|i6frf/, s'zf;g / a]lylt, @)^@÷^# sf] kl/jt{g tyf g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fkl5 hfu[t ePsf] ;d[l4 / ;'zf;gsf hgcfsfª\Iffcg'?k d'n'snfO{ cufl8 a9\g glbOPsf sf/0f ;dfhdf c;Gt'li6 a9\b} uPsf] 5 / To;s} hudf …kk'lnHdÚ sf] pbo ePsf] 5 . t/ …kk'lnHd ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg xf]Og / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ c;kmn agfpg] blIf0fkGyL cg'bf/jfbL k|of; klg ;kmn x'g ;Sb}g eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 . cfGbf]ngsf ;fd" pkl:yt r'gf}tLx?sf] ;fdgf ug{ kf6L{n] hgtf;Fusf] ;DaGwnfO{ cem 3lgi7 agfpg'k5{, hg;/f]sf/sf d'2fx?df k|efjsf/L x:tIf]k ug'{k5{ / kf6L{nfO{ j}rfl/s–;fª\u7flgs / z}nLut lx;fan] ;an agfpg'kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . #= lhNnfsf] /fhgLlts zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yf @)&* kf}if dlxgfdf ;DkGg ePsf] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] bzf} lhNnf clwa]zgsf] pb\3f6g ko{6lso gu/L w'lnv]ndf xfd|f] kf6L{sf >4o cWoIf s= s]kL zdf{ cf]nL Ho'sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf eAotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pb\3f6g zqdf lhNnfsf !# j6} kflnsfaf6 kf6L{sf ;b:o, ;dy{s tyf ;'e]R5'sx?sf] Aofks /pT;fxk"0f{ ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] h;n] cfd sfo{stf{ k+lQmdf gofF pT;fx yKg ;kmn eof] . xfd|f] kf6L{ lj?4sf] Aofks 3]/falGbsf ljrdf @)&( a}zfv #) ut] d'n'sdf :yfgLo lgjf{rg ;DkGg eof] . lhNnfsf ;a} kflnsfx?df Psflt/ xfd|f] kf6L{ csf]{lt/ afFsL ;a} kf6L{x? /x]sf] k|lts'n cj:yfdf klg lhNnfdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf] Ps k|d'v, tLg pkk|d'v, $# j8fWoIf, %@ dlxnf ;b:o, $& blnt dlxnf ;b:o / (( j8f ;b:o ;lxt s'n @$% :yfkdf ljho xfl;n ug{ ePsf] 5 . :yflgotxsf] lgjf{rg ;L6 ;+Vofsf] lx;fjn] lhNnf xfdL bf]>f] :yfgdf /x]tfklg j8f cWoIf / j8f;b:ox?df Kf|fKt dtsf cfwf/df eg] xfd|f] kf6L{ klxnf] kf6L{ ag]sf] 5 . :yfgLo lgjf{rgs} lg/Gt/tfdf lhNnfdf k|ltlgwL ;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rgdf u7aGwg lgjf{rgdf uof] . b]zL lab]zL zlQmsf] rsf]{ 3]/faGbL, ;Qf / zlQmsf] r/d b'?kof]u ul/ lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ ;d]t k|efljt kf/L ul/Psf] lgjf{rgdf lhNnf cGtu{t k|ltlgwL ;ef If]q gDa/ b'O{af6 xfd|f] kf6L{sf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf lhNnf OGrfh{ s= uf]s'n af:sf]6fnfO{ lahoL x'g'eof] eg] yf]/} dtfGt/n] If]q gDa/ Psdf eg] ;kmntf ldNg ;s]g . lhNnfsf rf/ dWo] b'O{j6f k|b]z ;ef ;b:o kbdf # / !(^ dt cGt/n] k/fho x'gk'Uof] . ;dfg'kflts dtdf eg] xfd|f] kf6L{ lhNnfdf k|ltlgwL;ef / k|b]z;ef b'a}df hgtfsf] /f]hfO{sf] klxnf] kf6L{ aGg ;kmn ag]sf] 5 . lgjf{rg kZrft ul7t u7aGwg ;/sf/sf hglj/f]wL ultljwL / hgtfsf hghLljsfsf ;jfndf o;n] b]vfPsf] pbl;gtfsf sf/0f lhNnfdf cfd hgtfdf ;/sf/sf sfdk|lt cfs|f]; a9\b} uPsf] cj:yf 5 . :yfgLo lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffd tyf k|ltlgwL;ef / k|b]z;efsf] lgjf{rgdf k|ToIf tyf ;dfg'kflts tkm{ k|fKt dtsf cfwf/df xfd|f] kf6L{ lhNnfdf klxnf] kf6L{sf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 eg] lgs6td k|ltikwL{sf]?kdf g]kfnL sf+u|]; /x]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf lhNnfdf b]vfkg{ vf]h]sf] km/s vfnsf] zlQm ;Gt'ngnfO{ dWo]gh/ ul/ ;Dk"0f{ r"gf}tLx?nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ cem a9L Pstfj4, lqmofzLn / Aojl:yt kxnsbdLsf] cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 . jt{dfg r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgf ub}{, o'jfx?nfO{ kf6L{ k|ltsf] cfsif{0f hufpg], laBfyLnfO{ /fhlgltdf ;lDdlnt ug]{, hg;+u7gx?nfO{ cfk\mgf] au{ kIfw/tfdf v/f] ptfb}{ l;+uf] kf6L{k+lQnfO{ ld;g @)*$ df lhNnfsf !# j6} kflnsf, k|ltlwgL ;efsf] b'O{ / k|b]z ;efsf rf/ j6} kbdf laroL agfpg' xfd|f] cleef/f xf] . $= /fhgLlts ;f+u7lgs sfdsf] k|ult lhNnf clwj]zg kZrft lhNnf sld6L, dftxt sld6Lx?, hg;+u7gx? / ;+;bLo If]qdf ePsf sfdsf] ;ldIffTds ljj/0f o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 . $=!=kf6L{sf] ;+u7gfTds sfdsf] cj:yf $=!=! kf6L{ lhNnf sld6L w'lnv]ndf ldlt @)&( kf}if @# b]lv @& ;Dd ;DkGg ePsf] bzf} lhNnf clwa]zgaf6 s= czf]s Aof~h'sf] cfWoIftfdf !@# hgfsf] lhNnf sld6L lgjf{lrt eof] . lgjf{lrt dWo] s=huGgfy clwsf/L / s= /fds'df/ tfdfªsf] b'Mvb lgwg eof] . kf6L{ k|j]z tyf ;dfof]hgsf qmddf cfpg'ePsf / cGo #! hgf sd/]8x?nfO{ lhNnf sld6Ldf dgf]lgt ul/ xfn ! ;o %@ ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L lqmofzLn /x]sf] 5 . lhNnf clwj]zg b]lv xfn;Dd !& dlxgfsf] cjwLdf lhNnf sld6Lsf & j6f k"0f{ a}7s, @ j6f ;lrjfno a}7s / lhNnf sfof{nosf] * j6f a}7s ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . ;a} kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox?nfO{ 7f];?kdf sfo{ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . lgjf{rg / ld;g u|f;?6 cleofgdf lgoldt lhDd]jf/Lsf cnfjf e"uf]ns]lGb|t ljz]if lhDd]jf/L ;d]t k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . l h N n f sld6Lsf] g]t[Tjdf o; ljrdf :yfgLo lgjf{rg, k|b]z tyf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] lgjf{rg kl/rfngsf] sfd ePsf] 5 eg] ;+u7g ;'lb[9Ls/0f tyf ;'4Ls/0f cleofg / xfn} ;DkGg ld;g u|f;?6 cleofg s'zntfk"j{s ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .lhNnf sld6Lsf a}7sx?df ;xefuL x'g] / tf]lsPsf] lhDd]jf/L axg ug]{ / lqmofzLn x'g] ;jfndf ;a} ;b:ox?sf] ljrdf Ps?ktf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . s]xL sd/]8x?df lhDd]jf/L lng] t/ k'/f gug]{ k|a[QL b]lvPsf] 5 . $=!=@= lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifb lhNnf sld6Lsf] k|yd a}7sn] !#% ;b:oLo lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifb u7g u/]sf] 5 . o; cjwLdflhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifbsf] rf/ j6f a}7s ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifbsf kbflwsf/L sd/]8x?n] a}7sn] lg0f{o u/]adf]lhdsf ;Nnfx ;'emfjx? lgoldt?kdf lhNnf sld6Lsf] a}7sdf k]z ug'{ePsf] 5 . ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifbaf6 cfPsf ;Nnfx / ;'emfx?nfO{ lhNnf sld6Ln] oyf]lrt?kdf cfTd;ft ul/ of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . o; cjwLdf ePsf b'a} lgjf{rg / cleofgx?df lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifbsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox? cfcfkm\gf] e"uf]ndf kl/rflnt x'g'ePsf] 5 . $=!=#= k|ltlgwL ;ef tyf k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rg If]qLo ;dGjo sld6Lsf] sfd lhNnf sld6Lsf] k|yd a}7sn] lhNnfdf /x]sf b'O{ j6f k|ltlgwL ;ef lgjf{rg If]q / rf/ j6f k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rg If]qdf lgjf{rg If]qLo ;dGjo sld6L u7g u/]sf] 5 . o; cjwLdf If]qLo ;dGjo sld6Lsf ltg ltg j6f a}7sx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . ljwfg adf]lhd If]qLo ;dGjo sld6Lx?n] ;DalGwt If]qsf] kf6L{sfdsf] ;dGjo ug]{, k|ltlgwL;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; ug]{ / ;du| lgjf{rgsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;dGjo ug]{ sfd u/]sf 5g\ . lgjf{rg kZrft a}7s a;L ;DalGwt If]qsf] lgjf{rgsf] ;ldIff ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 . $=!=$= kflnsf sld6L lhNnfsf t]x| j6} kflnsfx?df kflnsf sld6Lx? lqmofzLn /x]sf 5g\ . ;a} kflnsf sld6Lsf a}7sx? ;fdfGotof lgoldt /x]sf 5g\ . kflnsf sld6L cGtu{t kflnsf ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifb u7g ePsf 5g\ . kflnsf sld6Lx?n] cfjZostf cg';f/ ljefux? u7g ul/ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox?sf] sfo{ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . b'j} lgjf{rgdf kflnsf:t/Lo lgjf{rg kl/rfng sld6L u7g ul/ lgjf{rg kl/rfng ul/Psf] 5 . kf6L{n] ;~rfng u/]sf cleofgx?df kflnsf sld6Lx? kl/rflnt ePsf 5g\ . tyfkL s]xL kflnsf sld6Lx?sf] s[ofzLntfsf] cj:yf sdhf]/ /x]sf] 5 .e4f sld6L / ;b:ox?sf] /fhg}lts a}rfl/s cj:yf ck]Iffs[t gx'g'sf sf/0f sld6Lsf] of]hgf sfof{Gjog / kl/0ffddf c;/ kl//x]sf] 5 . kflnsf sld6Lx?df Aojl:yt jflif{s sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/ sfof{Gjog ug{ h?/L 5 . sld6Lx?nfO{ a}rfl/s sfddf s]Gb|Lt ug'{ h?/L /x]sf] 5 . kf6L{ s]Gb|sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd lgwf{l/t ldtLdf ;a} kflnsf sld6Lsf clwj]zg dfkm{t r':t / k|efjsf/L sld6L lgdf{0f ul/ Aojl:yt sfo{of]hgfsf ;fy kl/rfng ug'{ cfjZos 5 . $=!=%= j8f sld6L lhNnfdf /x]sf !#% j6} j8fdf kf6L{sf j8f sld6Lx? /x]sf 5g\ . ;a} j8f sld6Lx?sf lgoldt gePtf klg b'a} lgjf{rg / cleofgsf ;dodf ;lqmotfsf ;fy sfd u/]sf 5g\ . j8f sld6Lsf] of]hgfdf 6f]n sld6Lx? u7g ug]{ / e]nf tyf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf ePsf 5g\ . j8f sld6Lsf] g]t[Tjdf ;a} j8fx?df lgjf{rg kl/rfng sld6L u7g ul/ lgjf{rg sfo{qmdx? ;Dkfbg ePsf 5g\ . o; cjlwdf ljleGg kflnsfsf !) j6f j8f sld6Lsf] ljz]if clwj]zg dfkm{t j8f sld6L k'gu{7g ePsf 5g\ . lhNnf sld6Lsf] sfo{of]hgf adf]lhd lgwf{l/t ldtLdf ;a} j8fx?sf] clwj]zg ul/;Sg] of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . k|ToIf?kdf hgtf;Fu hf]l8g] / ;Dks{, ;dGjo / k|efjsf lx;fjn] ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf j8f sld6Lx? ck]Iffs[t lgoldt kl/rflnt x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . clwsf+z j8f sld6Lsf a}7sx? lgoldt?kdf geO{ cfjZos k/]sf] a]nf dfq a:g] kl/kf6L /x]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] sfo{If]qsf] sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/ Aojl:yt?kdf sfd x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lhNnf sld6Lsf] sfo{of]hgf adf]lhd lgwf{l/t ldtLdf ;a} j8fx?sf] clwj]zg ul/ Aojl:yt of]hgfsf ;fy j8f sld6Lx?nfO{ kl/rfng ul/g]5 .

$=!=^= 6f]n sld6L ;a} kflnsfdf ul/ lhNnfdf xfn;Dd %^* j6f 6f]n sld6L u7g ePsf 5g\ . kflnsf k'g{;+/rgf cl3sf j8fx?nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ 6f]n sld6L u7g ug]{ gLlt adf]lhd cem} lhNnfdf sl/j @%) j6f j8f sld6Lx? u7g ug{ afFsL /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . u7g ePsf 6f]n sld6Lx?sf] klg lgoldt ultlawLx? x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . lgjf{rg / cleofgsf a]nfdfq 6f]n sld6Lx? rn]sf] cj:yf 5 . afFsL /x]sf ;a} al:tx?df 6f]n sld6L u7g ug]{ / ul7t 6f]n sld6Lx?nfO{ k'gu{7g ul/ gofF of]hgfsf ;fy kl/rfng ul/g]5 . $=@= ljefuLo sfd lhNnf sld6Lsf] k|yd a}7sn] !% j6f laefux? u7g u/L laefluo sfdnfO{ Aoal:yt ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] 5 . ul7t ljefu dWo]ljQ tyf sf]if Aoj:yfkg, ;+u7g, kf6L{ :s"n, k|rf/ tyf k|sfzg, lgjf{rg, :yfgLo ljsf;, ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f, ;fdflhs ;]jf, jg tyf jftfj/0f / lj1fg tyf k|ljwL ljefun] sfdsf] ;'?jft u/]sf] cj:yf 5 . o'jf tyf v]ns'b, pBf]u tyf afl0fHo, lzIff tyf dfgj>f]t, :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof / s[ifL tyf kz'k+IfL ljefux?nfO{ k"0f{tf k|bfg ul/ lqmofzLn ug'{kg]{ cj:yf 5 . o; cjwLdf ;+u7g ljefun] kf6L{ ;b:otfsf] gjLs/0fdf ;xhLs/0f, ;b:otf kq ljt/0f / clen]lvs/0fsf] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 .To;}u/L ljefun] kf6L{ / hg;+u7gsf] kl/rfngdf ;xhLs/0fsf] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 .ljQ tyf sf]if Aoj:yfkg ljefun] sf]if Aoj:yfkgsf] of]hgf agfO{ lhNnf sfof{no ;~rfngdf ;xof]u ul//x]sf 5 . lhNnfdf Aojl:yt n]vf k|0ffnLsf] nflu sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . kf6L{ :s"n ljefun] a}7s al; jflif{s sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo lgjf{rg cl3 ;a} kflnsfdf lhs, :yfgLo ljsf; ljefu / kflnsf sld6L;Fusf] ;dGjodf :yfgLo lgjf{rg tof/L k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . lgjf{rg ljefu / kflnsf sld6L;Fusf] ;dGjodf :yfgLo lgjf{rg / k|ltlgwL ;ef tyf k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgdf ;a} kflnsf:t/df dtbfg k|ltlgwLx?sf] tfnLd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ljleGg kf6L{ sld6Lx? / hg;+u7gn] cfof]hgfug]{ k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf k|lzIf0f ;fdfu|L / k|lzIfssf] Aoj:yfkg ug]{ sfo{ u/]sf] 5 . k|rf/ tyf k|sfzg ljefusf] a}7s al;/x]sf] 5 . :yfgLo / ;+3 tyf k|b]z lgjf{rgdf kf6L{sf pDd]bjf/x?sf] kIfdf k|rf/ ;fdfu|L tof/ ul/ ;fj{hlgs ;~rf/ dfWod / ;fdflhs ;~hfn dfkm{t k|rf/ ug]{ sfo{ u/]sf] 5 . kf6L{n] cfof]hgf u/]sf ljleGg sfo{qmdx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/sf] sfd u/]sf] 5 . lgjf{rg ljefun] lhs, kf6L{ :s"n ljefu / kflnsf sld6L;Fusf] ;dGjodf:yfgLo lgjf{rg / k|ltlgwL ;ef tyf k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgdf ;a} kflnsf:t/df dtbfg k|ltlgwLx?sf] tfnLd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo lgjf{rg / k|ltlgwL ;ef tyf k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgdf lgjf{rg pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gog btf{ nufot lgjf{rg sfof{no ;Fusf] ;du| ;dGjosf] sfd u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo ljsf; ljefun] :yfgLo lgjf{rg cl3 ;a} kflnsfdf kf6L{ lhNnf sld6L, kf6L{ :s"n ljefu / kflnsf sld6L;Fusf] ;dGjodf :yfgLo lgjf{rg tof/L k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . kflnsfx?df kflnsf ;efbn / :yfgLo tx ;~rfng ;+oGq u7gsf nfuL ;xhLs/0f ul//x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f ljefusf] o; cjwLdf ;ft k6s a}7s a;]sf] 5 . ljefun] lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+3 nufot lhNnf :t/Lo ;+3x?df kf6L{ kIfLo pDd]bjf/x?nfO{ ljhoL agfpg of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf txdf kf6L{ kIfLo ;xsf/LsdL{x?sf] e]nf cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;]jf ljefun] u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf dxf;+3 / ;fdflhs ;+:yf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldtLdf kf6L{ kIfLo pDd]bjf/nfO{ ljhoL agfpg of]hgf agfO{ kl/rfng u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfdf /x]sf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfsdL{ / /]8qm;sdL{x?sf] 5'6\6f 5'6\6} e]nf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . jg tyf jftfj/0f ljefun] jg tyf jftfj/0fsf] If]qdf sfo{/t kf6L{ sfo{stf{ tyf ;dy{sx?sf] lhNnf e]nf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3sf lhNnf tyf kflnsf dxf;+3df kf6L{ kIfLo pDd]bjf/x?nfO{ ljhoL agfpg of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog u/]sf] 5 . lj1fg tyf k|ljwL ljefun] a}7saf6 ;a} kflnsfdf ;b:otf ljj/0f l8lh6nfO{H8 ug{ ljefusf ;b:ox?nfO{ lhDd]jf/L tf]s]sf] 5 . kflnsf txaf6 ;b:otf gjLs/0fsf] ljj/0f lhNnfdf k|fKt ePk5L l8lh6nfO{h]zgsf] sfd ;'? ug]{ul/ of]hgf agfPsf] 5 . o; cjwLdf ljefux? dfkm{t dfly pNn]lvt sfdx? ePtfklg s]xL ljefu afx]s clwsf+z ljefux?sf] sfd ck]Iffs[t Aojl:yt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . tTsfn ;a} ljefusf] Aojl:yt sfo{of]hgf agfO{ ljefuLo sfdnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfO{g]5 . $=#= hg;+u7gsf] sfd o; cjwLdf !* j6f hg;+u7gx?sf lhNnf ;Dd]ng tyf e]nf dfkm{t sld6L u7g k'g{u7g sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cg]lsdxf;+3sf $, /fh;fFdxf;+3sf # / k]zfut dxf;+3 cGtu{tsf @ j6f 36s ;+u7gsf lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . pNn]lvt dWo] cg]d;+3, d'lQm ;dfh / cg]lsdxf;+3sf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng pNn]Vo hg;xeflutf ;lxt eAo?kdf ;DkGg ePsf 5g\.g]kfn v]ns'b dxf;+3, lhkmG6, nf]stflGqs cflbjf;L hghftL dxf;+3sf lhNnf sld6Lx? /x]sf 5g\ t/ nfdf] ;dob]lv ;Dd]ng x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . kf6L{sf 3f]lift hg;+u7g dWo] lhNnfdf d'l:nd O{Q]xfb ;+u7gsf] dfq sld6L g/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . o; cjwLdf hg;+u7gsf lhNnf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] ;+o'Qm a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . kf6L{n] ;~rfng u/]sf] ;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;'4Ls/0f cleofg cGtu{t hg;+u7gsf] txdf ug]{ sfdsf] of]hgf lgdf{0f eO{ sfof{Gjog eO{/x]sf] 5 . cg]/f:jljo', o'jf;+3, cg]d;+3, d'lQm ;dfh, lhkmG6, e"k' k|x/L z}lgs ;+u7g, k|]; rf}tf/L, cg]lsdxf;+3sf lgoldt a}7sx? eO{/x]sf 5g\ . ;Dd]ng ug{ cjwL k'u]sf hg;+u7gx?sf clwj]zg ul/ ;a} hg;+u7gsf sld6Lx? kflnsf / j8ftx;Dd lj:tf/ ul/ kl/rfng ul/g]5 .o; cjwLdf hg;+u7gsf lhNnf tyf kflnsf txdf ePsf d'Vo sfd o;k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ .

– cg]/f:jljo'sf] !# j6} kflnsf ;Dd]ng / @ j6f lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . b'O{ k6s lhNnf:t/Lo k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . :jljo" lgjf{rg tof/Lsf nflu lhNnf txdf / lgjf{rg x'g] sn]hx?df tof/L e]nfx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

– cg]d;+3sf] !@ j6f kflnsfdf kflnsf ;Dd]ng / lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lhNnf txdf b'O{ k6s e]nf / k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eg] ljleGg kflnsfx?df kflnsf:t/Lo e]nf / k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . b'j} lgjf{rgdf cg]d;+3n] kflnsf / j8ftxdf lgjf{rg k|rf/ 6Ld agfO{ lgjf{rg k|rf/sf] sfd u/]sf] 5 .

– g]kfn plTkl8t hftLo d'lQm ;dfhsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng / !@ j6f kflnsfdf kflnsf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ^# j6f j8f sld6L u7g ePsf] 5 . d'lQm ;dfhn] :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf ljhoL blnt k|ltlgwLx?nfO{ k|lzIf0f / awfO{ sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf:t/Lo k|lzIf0f e]nfx? ;DkGg u/]sf] 5.

– /fli6«o o'jf;+3 g]kfnsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng / !# j6f kflnsf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– cg]lsdxf;+3sf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . b'Uw pTkfbs, t/sf/L pTkfbs, cfn' pTkfbs / kz'k+IfL kfns ul/ rf/ j6f 36s ;+7gsf lhNnf sld6L u7g ePsf 5g . tLg j6f kflnsfdf ;Dd]ng kflnsf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . ls;fg dxf;+3n] ljleGg dfux? /fVb} lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no / kflnsf sfof{nox?df 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] 5 .

– /fh;fFdxf;+3sf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . 36s ;+3x? lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ .

– g]kfn /fli6o e'tk"j{ k|x/L tyf z}lgs ;+u7gsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– g]kfn a'l4lhjL kl/ifbsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– /fli6«o :jf:YosdL{ dxf;+3sf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– nf]stflGqs /fli6«o ckf+u ;+u7gsf] lhNnf e]nf dfkm{t lhNnf sld6L u7g ePsf] 5 – e"ld clwsf/ tyf >lds ;+u7gsf] lhNnf e]nf dfkm{t lhNnf sld6L u7g ePsf] 5 .

– k|]; rf}tf/L g]kfnsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo / k|ltlgwL;ef tyf k|b]z;ef lgjf{rgdf kf6L{sf pDd]bjf/x?sf] kIfdf k|rf/ ;fdfu|L tof/ ul/ ;fj{hlgs ;~rf/ dfWod / ;fdflhs ;~hfn dfkm{t k|rf/ ug]{ sfo{ u/]sf] 5 . kf6L{n] cfof]hgf u/]sf ljleGg sfo{qmdx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/sf] sfd u/]sf] 5 . a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{qmd, :yfkgf lbj;sf] cj;/df wg]Zj/ dlGb/ ;/;kmfO{ h:tf cltl/Qm sfdx? u/]sf] 5 .

– dfgj clwsf/ PnfoG;sf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 / :yfkgf lbj; sfo{qmd u/]sf] 5 .

– g]kfn pBf]u tyf Aoj;foL dxf;+3sf] lhNnf e]nf dfkm{t lhNnf sld6L u7g ePsf] 5 .

– k|ultzLn tyf k]zfut sfg"g Aoj;foL ;+u7gsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– l/6gL{ km]8]/]zgsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .kfFr j6f kflnsfdf kflnsf sld6L u7g ePsf] 5.

– k]zfut dxf;+3 g]kfnsf] lhNnf clwj]zg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . o; cGtu{tsf 36s ;+u7g g]kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7g, g]kfn lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;+u7gsf] lhNnf clwj]zg ePsf] 5 . lzIfs ;+u7gsf] ;a} kflnsfdf kflnsf clwj]zg ePsf] 5 .

– k|utLzLn O{lGhlgo;{ P;f]l;P;g g]kfnsf] lhNnf clwj]zg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– lhkmG6n] lhNnf:t/Lo k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 / tLgj6f kflnsfdf kflnsf:t/Lo k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . $=$= a}rfl/s If]qsf] sfd o; cjwLdf kf6L{ / hg;+u7g tyf hgk|ltlgwLx?sf] a}rfl/s / /fhg}lts Ifdtf ljsf;sf] If]qdf s]xL dxTjk"0f{ sfdx? ePsf 5g\ . o; lardf ;DkGg ePsf b'O{j6f cleofgsf qmddf kf6L{sf] lhNnf, kflnsf, j8f / 6f]n tx;Dd k|lzIf0fsf sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf ul/Psf 5g\ . :yfgLo txdf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlgwLx?sf] nflu lhNnf txdf b'O{k6s / ljleGg kflnsf txdf k6s k6s k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . kf6L{ / hg;+u7gsf ;a} txsf sld6Ldf cfufdL lbgdf a}rfl/s If]qsf] sfdnfO{ of]hgfa4 / lgoldt?kdf ;~rfng ug]{ Aoj:yf ldnfO{g]5 . $=%= k|rf/ If]qsf] sfd kf6L{ k|rf/ ljefu / k|]; rf}tf/L g]kfn dfkm{t lhNnf txdf k|rf/sf] sfdsf] ;+of]hg ul/Psf] 5 . lgjf{rg, kf6L{sf ljz]if cleofgx? / kf6L{ sfo{qmdx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/sf] sfdnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu ljleGg ;dodf kf6L{ ;dy{s ;~rf/sdL{x?;Fu a}7s / cGtlqm{of sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . cfw'lgs ;"rgf k|ljwLsf] k|of]u ul/ ;fj{hlgs ;~rf/sf ljleGg dfWodx? / ljleGg ;fdflhs ;~hfnx?sf] clwstd k|of]u ul/ u'0f:t/Lo / k|ltikwL{?kdf k|rf/ If]qsf] sfdnfO{ Aojl:yt ug{'kb{5 . kf6L{ / hg;+u7gsf ;a} txsf sld6Lx?n] k|rf/ o'lg6 v8f ul/ pRr k|fyldstfsf ;fy k|rf/sf] sfdnfO{ cuf8L a9fpg' kb{5 . $=^= ;+;bLo If]qsf] sfd xfd|f] kf6L{ la?4 ul/Psf] rf}tkmL{ 3]/faGbL / cfqmd0fsf ljr xfdLn] lhNnfdf k|ltlgwL ;efdf Ps l;6df ljho k|fKt u/]sf 5f} eg] kflnsf tkm{ Ps:yfgdf k|d'v, tLg :yfgdf pkk|d'v, lqrfln; j6f j8fWoIf / ;b:o;lxt s'n @$% hgf :yfgLo hgk|ltgLwL ljhoL ePsf 5f}+ . lhNnf tyf kflnsfsf] ljsf; / ;d[4Lsf nfuL :jefljs?kdf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlgwLx?sf] k|d'v e"ldsf x'G5 . t;y{ of] If]qsf] sfdnfO{ Aojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpg' kb{5 . kf6L{sf] bzf}+ lhNnf clwj]zgn] kfl/t u/]sf] lhNnfsf] ;d[4L;Fu ;DalGwt ;d[4 sfe|]nL, gd'gf sfe|] lgdf{0fsf] of]hgfnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;a}txsf hgk|ltlgwLx?nfO{ dfu{lgb]{z ul/Psf] 5 . kf6L{n] hf/L u/]sf] :yfgLo tx ;~rfng lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd ;a} kflnsfdf :yfgLotx ;efbn u7g ul/ kl/rfng ul/Psf] 5 . ;a} kflnsf / clwsf+z j8fx?df kflnsf tyf j8f ;~rfng ;+oGq u7g ul/Psf] 5 . kf6L{ / hgk|ltlgwL ljrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ hLjGt / k|efjsf/L agfO{ ;+;bLo If]qsf] sfdsf dfWodaf6 kf6L{sf] k|efj lj:tf/ ug{ cfufdL lbgdf ;ef bn / ;+oGqsf] k|efjsfl/tf clea[4L ul/g]5 . $=&= ;b:otf / gjLs/0f lhNnfsf !# j6} kflnsfdf ;b:otf cBfjlws, glas/0f tyf lat/0fsf] sfd hf/L /x]sf] 5 . ;b:otf glas/0fdf ck]Iffs[t ;b:ox?sf] rf;f] sd b]lvPsf] 5 . a}zfv !% ut];Ddsf] cjlwdf sl/a #& k|ltzt ;b:otf glas/0f ePsf] cj:yf 5 . lhNnfdf cgnfOg cfa]bg / l8lh6nfOH8 ug]{ sfdsf] k|f/De ePsf] 5 . ;b:onfO{ df]jfOn Pk 8fpgnf]8 ug{ nufOPsf] 5 . ;b:otf gDa/ gldNg], gfd gldNg], ;b:otf lnPsf] ldlt km/s kg]{ tyf s]lx ;b:osf] gfd x6]sf] / s]lx

bf]xf/f]kgfsf sf/0f cgnfO{g OG6«Ldf ;d:of b]lvPsf 5g\ . kf6L{ k|j]z ug]{x?sf] ;b:otf kmf/fd eg]{ sfo{ klg ;Fu} eO{/x]sf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo ;+u7g ljefuaf6 lhNnfdf k|fKt ;b:otf ljj/0fdf sltko gfd bf]xf]l/Psf] / ljutdf x6fO{Psf gfd ;d]t ;dfj]z eO{cfPsf] sf/0f ;+Vof a9]sf] b]lvG5 . s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] $=*= kf6L{ k|j]z kf6L{sf] bzf}+ lhNnf clwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]x / To;kl5 ljleGg ;dodf xfd|f] kf6L{df xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofdf ljleGg kf6L{af6 g]tf sfo{stf{x? k|j]z ug{'ePsf] 5 . /fk|kfsf] tTsfnLg lhNnf ;ldtLsf cWoIf 6'Ns' nfdf, lhNnf g]tf tyf j8fcWoIfx? >Lbf; nfdf / wglht nfdf nufot lhNnf kbflwsf/L, ;b:o, hglgjf{lrt k|ltlgwLx? tyf ljleGg lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf sl/j Ps xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x? g]skf Pdfn]df k|j]z ug'{ePsf] 5 .g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|af6 k|b]z ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifb ;b:o lblnk cfn]du/, lhNnf sld6L ;lrjfno ;b:o tyf /f]zL ufpFkflnsf cWoIf l;tf/fd /]UdL, lhNnf txsf g]tfx? o;f nfdf, /l~ht /fgfdu/, k"0f{ jfO{jf, zflGt ltt'ª, /fdz/0f v'nfn, /fh' ;Tofn, gj/fh ;Tofn, k|sfz ;Tofn, lg? lrdf}l/of nufot sl/j kfFr;osf] ;+Vofdf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x? k|j]z ug{'ePsf] 5 .g]skf qmfGtLsf/L dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf ;b:o t'n a= /fgfdu/, Ps hgf lgjf{lrt j8f cWoIf t]h axfb'/ /fgfdu/ nufot sl/j !%) g]tf sfo{stf{x? k|j]z ug'{ePsf] 5 .g]skf dfcf]jfbL -ljKnj_ ;d"xsf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf sfe|] lhNnf cWoIf ;'/h nfld5fg] nufot @) hgf k|j]z ug{'ePsf] 5 .Plss[t ;dfhjfbLsf] o'jf ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o ;l~hj bfxfn, ;f]xL kf6L{sf] ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o tyf lhNnf pkfWoIf lbg]z ahufO{ / ljleGg j8f sld6Lsf cWoIfx? nufot ;of}+sf] ;+Vofdf k'gM kf6L{df kms{g'ePsf] 5 .g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljleGg lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf sl/j !)) hgfn] kf6L{ kl/Tofu ul/ xfd|f] kf6L{df k|j]z ug'{ePsf] 5 . o;l/ ljleGg kf6L{af6 xfd|f] kf6L{df ;dflxt x'g'x'g] clwsf+z sd/]8x?nfO{ kf6L{ / hg;+u7gsf ljleGg lhDd]jf/L k|bfg ul/ Aoj:yfkg ul/Psf] 5 eg] s]xL Aoj:yfkg ug{ afFsL sd/]8x?nfO{ oyf]lrt Aoj:yfkg ul/g]5 . %= lgjf{rg ;DalGw sfd / ;ldIff o;lardf d'n'sdf :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg / k|ltlgwL ;ef tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lgjf{rg ;DalGw sfd / ;f]sf] ;+lIfKt ;ldIff tklzndf pNn]v ul/Psf]5 . %=!=:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&* kf}ifdf w'lnv]ndf eAotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ePsf] bzf}+ lhNnf clwa]zg nuQ} :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( a};fv #) ut] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf lhNnfsf ;a} kflnsfdf kfFrbnLo u7aGwg / xfd|f] kf6L{ljr k|ltikwf{ x'g k'Uof] . :yfgLo tx lgjf{rgsf ;DaGwdf kf6L{ s]lGb|o sld6L / k|b]z sld6Lsf] lgb]{zg tyf lhNnf sld6Lsf] a}7ssf lg0f{osf cfwf/df lgjf{rg ;DalGw sfdsf] of]hgf lgdf{0f, sfof{Gjog tyf g]t[Tj ul/Psf] 5 . sfe|] lhNnfdf /x]sf !# :yflgo tx dWo] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfdf d]o/ kbdf lhNnf sld6Lsf cWoIf s= czf]s s'df/ Aof~h' >]i7n] laho xfl;n ug'{ eof] eg] kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf] pkd]o/df lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o s=lutf a~hf/f,kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfsf] pkd]o/df lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o s= ;"o{dfof bg'jf/ / ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] pkd]o/df cg]d;+3 lhNnf cWoIf s= ladnf ;fksf]6f lahoL x'g'eof] . lhNnfsf !#% j8f dWo] $# j8fdf j8fWoIf, %@ dlxnf ;b:o, $& blnt dlxnf ;b:o / (( j8f ;b:o ;lxt s'n @$% :yfgdf kf6L{n] ljho xfl;n ug{ ;Dea ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf ;L6 ;+Vofsf lx;fjn] xfd|f] kf6L{ bf]>f] :yfgdf /x]tf klg k|fKt dtsf lx;fjn] xfd|f] kf6L{ lhNnfdf klxnf] kf6L{ aGg k'u]sf] 5 .lhNnfAofkL?kdf ePsf] kfFrbnLo u7aGwg, lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ ;d]t k|efljt ug]{ / /fHozlQmsf] r/d b'?kof]u u/L ePsf] of] lgjf{rgdf kf6L{n] k|fKt u/]sf] of] ;kmntf dxTjk"0f{ 5 . ljkIfL kf6L{x?sf] z;Qm u7aGwg, u7aGwgsf] tkm{af6 clwstd?kdf cfly{s rnv]n / dtbftf vl/bxfd|f] kf6L{sf] ljleGg sld6Ldf /x]sf s]xL lhDd]jf/ AolQmx?sf] lgis[otf, c;xof]u / gsf/fTds e"ldsf nufotsf sf/0f kf6L{n] :yfgLo tx lgjf{rgdf ck]lIft ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;s]g . kf6L{ lhDd]jf/Ldf /xg] t/ kf6L{ lg0f{olj?4v'Nn]cfd?kdf c;xdtL AoQm ug]{, pDd]bjf/nfO{ c;xof]u ug]{ / kf6L{ la/f]wL sfddf ;+nUg x'g]h:tf k|a[QLx?k|z:t b]vfk/] . ;DalGwt sld6Lx?af6 lnlvt?kdf ls6fgL laa/0f k|fKt gePklg sltko :yfgdf s]xL lhDDf]jf/ AolQmx?sf] lgis[otf, l6s6 gkfpbFfsf c;Gt'i6Lsf sf/0f u/]sf c;xof]u cfbL klg lgjf{rgdf ck]lIft kl/0ffd k|fKt gx'gF'sf dxTjk'0f{ sf/0f ag]sf 5g\ . t;y{ o:tf] k|a[ltsf] lgoGq0f cfhsf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf xf] . %=@= Kf|ltlgwL ;ef tyf k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rg @)&( :yflgo lgjf{rg ;lsPsf] s]lx ;dod} xfd|f] kf6L{sf] rsf]{ bafj tyf sfg'gL afWotfsf sf/0f u7aGwg ;/sf/ k|ltlgwL ;ef tyf k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] 3f]if0ff ug{ afWo eof] . b]zL lab]zL 3]/faGwL, ;Qf / /fHo zlQmsf] r/d b'?kof]u, ;/sf/L ;+rf/ dfWodsf] PstkmL{ k|of]u Pj+ lgjf{rg cfof]u ;d]tnfO{ k|eflat u/L ul/Psf] lgjf{rgdf xfd|f] kf6L{n] lgjf{rg n8\g' lgs} 7'nf] r'gf}lt lyof] . kf6L{ s]Gb|, k|b]z, lhNnf, k|ltlgwL;ef tyf k|b]z;ef If]qLo ;dGjo sld6L, :yflgo kflnsf Pj+ j8f tx ;Ddsf] kf6L{k+QmL/ hg;+u7gx?sf] k|efasf/L kl/rfng u/L l;+uf] lhNnf sld6L lgjf{rgdf x]lnPsf] lyof] . lgjf{rg kl/rfngsf nflu sld6Lut ?kdf tf]lsPsf] :ki6 lhDd]jf/L, r':t, b'?:t / Aoal:yt lgjf{rg sfo{qmd, cfqmds t/ k|efasf/L lgjf{rg k|rf/ of]hgf, xfd|f] kf6L{sf g]tf k'j{ dGqL dfglgo s= uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] g]t[Tjdf lhNnfdf ePsf o'ufGtsf/L lasf; lgdf{0fsf of]hgf / ;/sf/n] u/]sf dxTjk"0f{ sfdx?sf] Aoal:yt / of]hgfa4 k|rf/ ;fdfu|L tof/ u/L lakIfL dfly xfaL x'g] /0fgLlt to ul/of] . ;Dk"0f{ kf6L{k+lQm / zlQm Pstfa4 ?kn] kl/rfng xF'bf k|lts'ntf larklg dxTjk"0f{ pknAwLsf] ?kdf k|ltlgwL ;ef If]q gDa/ b'O{af6 xfd|f] kf6L{sf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf lhNnf OGrfh{ s= uf]s'n af:sf]6f lahoL x'g'eof] eg] yf]/} dtfGt/n] If]q gDa/ Psdf eg] ;kmntf ldNg ;s]g . lhNnfsf rf/ dWo] b'O{j6f k|b]z ;ef ;b:o kbdf # / !(^ dt cGt/n] k/fho x'gk'Uof] . ;dfg'kflts dtdf eg] xfd|f] kf6L{ lhNnfdf k|ltlgwL;ef / k|b]z;ef b'a}df hgtfsf] /f]hfO{sf] klxnf] kf6L{ aGg ;kmn ag]sf] 5 . :yflgo lgjf{rgdf em} of] lgjf{rgdf klg kf6L{ lhDd]jf/Ldf /xg] t/ kf6L{ lg0f{olj?4 v'Nn]cfd?kdf c;xdtL AoQm ug]{, pDd]bjf/nfO{ c;xof]u ug]{ / kf6L{ la/f]wL sfddf ;+nUg x'g] h:tf k|a[QLx? k|z:t b]vfk/] . sltko :yfgdf Aoa:yfksLo sdhf]/L, lhDd]jf/Laf]wsf] sdL, lhDDf]jf/ sd/]8sf] sfdk|ltsf] lg:s[otf cfbL sf/0fn] klg lgjf{rgdf ck]lIft kl/0ffd k|fKt x'g ;s]g . oL ljleGg ;d:ofx?sf] lgoGq0f cfufdL lgjf{rgdf lahosf] nflu clgafo{ zt{ xf] . ^=;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;'l4s/0f cleofg/ ld;g u|f;?6 cleofg lhNnf clwj]zg kZrftsf] of] cjwLdf kf6L{ k|b]z sld6Lsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd ;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;'l4s/0f cleofg @)&( -;fpg ! b]lv efb| @)_ / ld;g u|f;?6 cleofg -kmfu'g % b]lv a}zfv (_ u/L b'O{j6f cleofg ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . oL cleofgn] lhNnfsf] kf6L{ ;+u7gsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f / Aoj:yfkgdf cToGt} dxTjk"0f{ pknAwL xf;Ln ePsf] 5 . cleofg cGtu{t ;DkGg sfo{qmd / pknAwLx?nfO{ ;+If]kdf tkzLn adf]lhd pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ^=!= ;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;'l4s/0f cleofg @)&( -;fpg ! b]lv efb| @)_ kf6L{ k|b]z sld6Lsf] ;s{'n/ adf]lhd @)&( ;fn ;fpg ! ut] b]lv efb| @) ut];Dd 8]9 dlxg] ;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;'l4s/0f cleofg lhNnfdf ;~rfng ul/of] o; cleofg cGtu{t d'Vo?kdf lgDg sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg ul/P . cleofg cGtu{t kf6L{sf] lhNnf txdf ePsf sfdx? M – kf6L{ lhNnf sld6Lsf] u[xsfo{ ;lxtsf] a}7s ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .

– cleofg cGt/ut kf6L{ lhNnf sld6Lsf] cfof]hgfdf lhNnf:t/Lo a[xt sfo{stf{ k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd eAo ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– hg;+u7gx?sf lhNnf sld6Lsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] ;';' cleofg ;DaGwL ;+o'Qm cg'lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . hg;+u7gsf] cleofgsf] sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .

– lhNnf ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f ljefusf] cfof]hgfdf ;xsf/LsdL{x?sf] lhNnf e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– ;fdflhs ;]jf ljefusf] cfof]hgfdf ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfdf s[ofzLn kf6L{ ;dy{s tyf sfo{stf{x?sf] e]nf ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .

– efb| @) ut] lhNnf sld6Lsf] a}7s ul/ cleofgsf] ;ldIff ul/Psf] 5 . cleofg cGtu{t kf6L{sf kflnsf / j8ftxdf ;DkGg sfo{qmdx? M – !) j6f kflnsf sld6Lsf u[xsfo{ ;lxtsf a}7s ePsf 5g\ – laleGgkflnsfdf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

– ** j6f j8f sld6Lx?sf] u[xsfo{ ;lxtsf a}7s ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . Pp6f j8f sld6Lsf] k'gu{7g ePsf] 5 – ^& j6f j8fdf j8f:t/Lo e]nf tyf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf, ag]kf gu/kflnsf, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf, /f]zL ufpFkflnsfdf :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlgwLx?sf] k|lzIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

– !!! Jf8f sld6Lsf j8f sfof{nox? :yfkgf ePsf 5g\ .

– kf6L{sf] bzf}+ /fli6«o dxflwj]zg kZrft g]skf -Pdfn]_ k|j]z ug'{ ePsf sd/]8x?nfO{ k|j]z kmd{ e/fpg], clen]v /fVg] / oyf]lrt lhDd]jf/L lbg] sfo{ ePsf] 5 . cleofg cGtu{tsf hg;+u7gsf lhNnf tyf dftxt sld6Ln] ;DkGg u/]sf sfo{qmdx? M – cg]/f:jljo", cg]d;+3, cg]lsdxf;+3, lhkmG6, e"k" k|x/L z}lgs ;+u7g, /fli6«o o'jf;+3, d'lQm ;dfhsf lhNnf sld6Lsf a}7sx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

– cg]d;+3, lhkmG6 / d'lQm ;dfhsf lhNnf:t/Lo k|lzIf0f e]nf ;DkGg .

– gdf]a'4df cg]d;+3 ;Dd]ng / e'Dn'df dlxnf e]nf ;DkGg . w'lnv]ndf cg]d+3 gu/:t/Lo k|lzIf0f ;DkGg .

– kgf}ltdf d'lQm ;dfhsf] gu/ ;Dd]ng ;DkGg – ag]kf, kfFrvfn, w'lnv]n / e'Dn'df kflnsf:t/Lo o'jf e]nf ;DkGg .

– ag]kf, gdf]a'4 / kgf}tLdf d'lQm;dfhsf j8f sld6Lx? u7g . ^=@= ld;g u|f;?6 cleofg –@)&( g]skf -Pdfn]_ s]G›Lo sld6Lsf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd @)&( kmfu'g % b]lv a}zfv ( ;Dd b'O{ dlxg] ld;g u|f;?6 -kf6L{ ;b[9'Ls/0f tyf lj:tf/ cleofg_ lhNnfdf ;~rfng ePsf] 5 . d'n?kdf cleofgn] ck]Iff u/]sf p2]Zox? kf6L{ ;b:otf gjLs/0f / lj:tf/ dfkm{t\ cfwf/e't txdf kf6L{ ;b:ox?sf] jf:tljs tYofÍ, pgLx?sf] cj:yf, kflnsf, j8f / 6f]n sld6Lsf] lqmofzLntf / ;du|df cfwf/e"t txdf kf6L{sf] cj:yfaf/] oyfy{ / j:t'lgi7 hfgsf/L k|fKt ug]{ . kf6L{sf] cfwf/et" klª\QmnfO{ kf6L{sf cfwf/et" ;}4flGts /fhgLlts ljifodf k|lzlIft ug]{ . :yfgLo txdf pTkGg x'g ;Sg] of ePsf cGt/lj/f]wsf] klxrfg / ltgsf] ;dfwfgsf 7f]; ljsNkaf/] l;kmfl/; k|fKt ug]{ . kf6L{ sld6L / hgk|ltlglwx?aLrsf] ;DaGwaf/] j}rfl/s, /fhgLlts / ;+/rgfut :ki6tf xfl;n ug]{ . :yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglwx?sf] eld"sf yk k|efjsf/L agfpg] . kf6L{df ;+efjgfo'Qm gofF k':tfsf] klxrfg ug]{ . kf6L{nfO{ hg;/f]sf/sf ljifo nufot ;dfhsf ljleGg If]qsf /rgfTds ;emfjx? xfl;n ug]{ . g]tf / sfo{stf{aLr Pj+ kf6L{ / hgtfaLrsf] ;DaGw yk 3lgi6 agfpg] . kf6L{sf] k|efj lj:tf/ ug]{ tyf kf6L{nfO{ cg'zfl;t / Pstfa4 agfO{ ;Ë7gfTds cj:yf ;b[9 ug]{ nufot /x]sf lyP . pNn]lvt nIo k|fKtLsf nfuL agfOPsf] of]hgf d'tfljs cleofg s]Gb|Lt ePsf] 5 eg] ;~rflnt cleofgn] lhNnfdf dxTjk"0f{ pknAwLx? xfl;n ePsf 5g\ . ^=@+=!= cleofgsf] g]t[Tj / lhDd]jf/L M cleofgsf] g]t[Tj kflnsf txdf kf6L{ s]Gb|n] tf]s] adf]lhdsf s]Gb|Lo k|ltlgwL sd/]8x?n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . kf6L{ k|b]z sld6Ln] cleofg ljz]if lhDd]jf/L tf]s]sf sd/]8x? cleofgdf ;fd]n x'g'eof] / ljz]if lhDd]jf/L gtf]lsPsf sd/]8x? cfkm\g} kflnsfdf s[ofzLn /xg'ePsf] 5 . . To;}ul/ lhNnf sld6Ln] cleofg s]Gb|Lt lhDd]jf/L tf]s]sf] lyof] eg] kflnsf sld6Ln] klg kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?sf] cleofg s]Gb|Lt lhDd]jf/L tf]ls kl/rflnt u/]sf] lyof] . lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifbsf ;b:ox?, lhNnf ljefusf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox? / lhNnf k|ltlgwL kl/ifbsf ;b:ox? ;DalGwt j8fsf] cleofgdf ;l/s x'g'ePsf] 5 . ^=@=#= lhNnf, kflnsf / j8f sld6Lsf] a}7s, 6f]n e]nf tyf of]hgf lgdf{0f M af“sL ^ k]hdf

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs cleofgsf] of]hgf lgdf{0f tyf lhNnf txdf cg'lzIf0fsf nflu g]skf Pdfn] lhNnf sld6L sfe|]sf] 5}7f}+ k"0f{ a}7s ldlt @)&( ;fn kmfu'g !$ ut] ;DkGg ul/of] . a}7saf6 ld;g u|f;?6 -;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0f / la:tf/_ cleofgsf ;DaGwdf lhNnfsf] la:t[t of]hgf lgdf{0f ug'{sf ;fy} cleofg k|f/Desf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}ul/ !# j6} kflnsfdf s]lGb|o k|ltlgwL sd/]8x?, k|b]z sld6Lsf lhDdjf/ sd/]8x?, kflnsf sld6Lsf nflu lhNnf sld6L tkm{af6 tf]lsPsf OGrfh{ ;xO{Grh{x?, ;DalGwt kflnsfsf] j8fsf] nflu lHfNnf sld6Laf6 lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf lhNnf sld6L ;b:ox? ;lxt kflnsf sld6Lsf ;b:o ;lxtsf] pkl:yltdf a}7sx? cfof]hgf ul/of] . a}7sn] !# j6f kflnsf cGt/utsf !#% j6f j8fdf ld;gu|f;?6 sfo{qmdsf] ultlawL ;+rfng ug]{ ldlt, ;do / :yfg to ug'{sf ;fy} hg;+u7gsf sfdsf] of]hgf agfPsf] lyof] . lhNnfdf /x]sf !# j6} kflnsf sld6Lx?sf] kflnsf :t/sf a}7s kZrft ;DalGwt kflnsfsf] j8fsf] cleofgsf nflu s]Gb|Lo k|ltlgwL sd/]8x?, ;DalGwt j8fsf] lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf lhNnf sld6L ;b:ox?, kflnsf sld6Lsf] tkm{af6 ;f] j8fsf] nflu tf]lsPsf OGrfh{ / j8f sld6Lsf kbflwsf/Lsf] pkl:ytLdf !#% j6} j8f sld6Lsf a}7s / e]nfx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . a}7sn] j8f txsf] cleofgsf] of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L 6f]n :t/sf a}7s, e]nf, ;b:otf glas/0f tyf gofF ;b:otf lat/0f sfo{qmdsf] of]hgf agfOPsf] lyof] . of]hgf d'tfljs lhNnf /x]sf !#% j6} j8fdf j8fe]nf ePsf 5g\ eg] @%* j6f 6f]n e]nfx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . ^=@=$= sld6L u7g, k'g{u7g tyf lqmofzLntfsf] cj:yf M lhNnfdf /x]sf !# j6f kflnsfdf kf6L{sf] kflnsf :t/sf sld6L lqmofl;n /x]sf 5g\ . kflnsf sld6L cGt/ut hDdf !#% j8f sld6L tyf ^@$ 6f]n sld6L u7g u/L kl/rfng ul/Psf 5g\ . of] cawLdf !#% j6} j8f sld6Lsf a}7s tyf e]nf cfof]hgf ePsf 5g\ eg] !* j6f j8f sld6Lsf] clwa]zg tyf k'g{u7g ul/Psf] 5 . !$ j6f gofF 6f]n sld6L u7g ul/Psf] 5 . ;a} kflnsf sld6L / sl/a *) k|ltzt j8f sld6Lx? lqmofl;n cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g eg] clwsf+; 6f]n sld6L lqmoflzn agfpg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . ^=@=%=kflnsf ;ef bn / :yflgo tx ;~rfng ;dGjo ;+oGq u7g tyf a}7s M kf6L{n] hf/L u/]sf] :yflgo tx ;~rfng ;dGjo ;+oGq lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd lhNnfsf !# dWo] !) j6f kflnsf / !#% dWo] !)( j6f j8fdf ;+oGq u7g ul/Psf] 5 . afFsL /x]sf t]dfn, rf}/L b]p/fnL / a]yfgrf]s ufpF kflnsfdf kflnsf ;efbn tyf kflnsf:t/sf] ;dGjo ;+oGq tTsfn u7g ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . of] cleofgdf kflnsf ;efbn tyf ;+oGqsf] a}7s /flv Aoal:yt ?kdf sfdug]{ k|0ffnL ljsf; ug{ ;'? ul/Psf] 5 . % j6f kflnsfdf j8f :t/sf ;dGjo ;+oGqnfO{ k|lzIf0f k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . ^=@=^ a}rfl/s Kf|lzIf0f sfo{qmd M cleofgsf] qmddf & j6f kflnsf :t/df, ^( j6f j8f :t/df / !! j6f hg;+u7gsf kf6L{ k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ePsf 5g\ . k|lzIf0fdf bzf} dxflwa]zg / xfd|f] sfo{ef/, hah, ;+u7g lgdf0f{, kl/rfng / la:tf/, kflnsf ;efbn / ;+oGqsf] sfd st{Ao / clwsf/ cflb h:tf d'Vo laifodf k|lzlIft ul/Psf] lyof] . ^=@=&= hg;+u7gsf] sfd M cleofgsf] qmddf em08} Ps bzs b]lv x'gg;s]sf] /fli6«o o'jf ;+3 g]kfn sfe|] lhNnf sld6Lsf] lhNnf clwa]zg kmfNu'g @&, @)&( df ;DkGg u/L &% ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L u7g ePsf] 5 . cg]lsdxf;+3sf] eAo ?kdf lhNnf clwa]zg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . o;} u/L k]zfut dxf;+3 sfe|]n] ldlt @)&( r}q $ ut] w'lnv]ndf lhNnf clwa]zg ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . cleofgdf ;a} hg;+u7gsf] lhNnf:t/sf a}7s tyf e]nf cfof]hgf ePsf] 5 . kflnsf / j8f :t/sf sld6L u7g tyf kl/rfng ePsf 5g\ . ^=@=*= sf7df08f}+ ;Dks{ d+rsf] e]nf a}7s cleofg cjlwdf ( j6f kflnsf :t/sf sf7df08f}+ ;Dks{ d~rsf e]nf ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ sld6L u7g e} lqmofl;n /x]sf 5g\ . t]dfn / gdf]a'4 ;Dks{ d~rsf] clwj]zg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljleGg j8f :t/sf ;Dks{ sld6L u7g ePsf 5g\ . of] cawLdf ( j6} kflnsf ;Dks{ d~rsf a}7s al; ;b:otf glas/0f, k|lzIf0f tyf ;+u7g la:tf/sf sfd ePsf 5g\ . ^=@=(= cleofgsf qmddf ePsf cltl/Qm ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf lqmofsnfkx? M cleofgsf qmddf ljleGg kflnsfx?df laleGg lsl;dsf cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . oL lqmofsnfksf sf/0f kf6L{k+QmL eGbf aflx/ klg cleofgsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ePsf] 5 / ;j{;fwf/0fdf k|efj lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . ^=@=!)= kf6L{ k|j]z M cleofgsf qmddf ljleGg kf6L{ kl/Tofu ul/ sl/j ! ;o *^ hgf g]skf Pdfn]df k|j]z x'g'ePsf] 5 . ^=@=!!= cleofgsf] lhNnf:t/Lo dWosflng tyf clGtd ;ldIff a}7s M cleofg ;'?ePsf] sl/j Ps dlxgf kl5 ldlt @)&( r}q ( ut] lhNnf kf6L{ sfof{no ag]kfdf ld;g u|f;?6 cleofgsf] dWofawL ;ldIff a}7s ;DkGg ul/of] . a}7sdf cleofgsf s]Gb|Lo k|ltlgwLx?, k|b]z k|ltlgwLx?, lhNnf kbflwsf/Lx?, kflnsfsf O{Grfh{ ;xO{Grfh{x?, / kflnsf sld6Lsf cWoIfx? ;xefuL x'g'x'GYof] . a}7sn] pQm cjwL;Dd ;DkGg cleofgsf s[ofsnfkx?, kflnsfut k|utLsf] ;ldIff, cg'ej cfbfgk|bfg, b]lvPsf ;d:ofx? / afFsL cjwLdf ug]{ sfdsf] k|efjsf/L of]hgf lgdf{0f uof]{ . o;}u/L ldlt @)*) a}zfv !% ut] lalxaf/ lhNnf kf6L{ sfof{no ag]kfdf ld;g u|f;?6 cleofgsf] clGtd ;ldIff a}7s ;DkGg ul/of] . a}7sdf k|d'v cltlysf] ?kdf kf6L{ :yfoL sld6L tyf afudtL k|b]z OGrfh{ s= sfzLgfy clwsf/L / cltlysf]?kdf kf6L{ kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o s= uf]s'n af:sf]6f pkl:yt x'g'xGYof] . a}7sdf cleofgsf s]Gb|Lo k|ltlgwLx?, k|b]z sld6Lsf pkfWoIf nufot k|b]z k|ltlgwLx?, lhNnf kbflwsf/Lx?, k|ltlgwL ;ef / k|b]z ;ef If]qLo ;dGjo sld6Lsf ;+of]hsx?, kflnsf sld6Lsf O{Grfh{ ;xO{Grfh{x?, / kflnsf sld6Lsf cWoIfx? ;xefuL x'g'x'GYof] . a}7sdf cleofgaf6 kflnsfut?kdf k|fKt pknAwLx?sf] n]vfhf]vf u/]sf] 5 . cleofgn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf ;DkGgx'g afFsL /x]sf sfdsf] ;"lrs/0f ul/ ;DkGg ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] 5 . ^=@=!@= cleofgsf] k|fKtL M of] cleofgn] kf6L{sf] /fhlglts ;f+u7lgs hLjgdf P]ltxfl;s dxTj /fv]sf] 5 . cleofgsf] k|fKtLnfO{ cj;/ / r"gf}tLsf]?kdf o;k|sf/ /flvPsf] 5 . cj;/x? M s_ ;fdfGotof ;b:ox?sf] ef}lts pkl:ytLdf cleofgsf]?kdf ;+ul7t ;b:otf gjLs/0f ePsf] 5 . gofF ;b:otf lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . v_ Ps};fy ;a} txsf sld6Lx? kl/rflnt x'Fbf kf6L{df gofF phf{ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . u_ :yfgLo tx ;~rfng ;dGjo ;+oGqsf] u7g / kl/rfngaf6 :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] sfdsf] k|efjsf/Ltf a9\g] / kf6L{sf] k|efj lj:tf/ x'g] cj:yf lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 3_ k|efjsf/L?kdf hg;+u7gx?sf] lgdf{0f / kl/rfng ePsf] 5 . ª_ a}rfl/s k|lzIf0fsf] sfd pNn]Vo dfqfdf ePsf] 5 . r_ cleofgsf qmddf ljleGg kflnsfx?df;DkGg ePsf;fjh { lgs dxTjsf lqmofsnfksf sf/0f kf6Lk{Q+mL eGbf aflx/ klg cleofgsf] kr | f/ k;|f/ ePsf] 5 / ;j;{fwf/0fdf kf6Ls { f] ke|fj lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .

5_ kf6L{df k|j]zsf sf/0f dt clea[4L ePsf] 5 . h_ kf6L{sf] Ifdtf clea[4L eO{ lgjf{rgdf k|ltikwf{sf] nflu yk zlQm k|fKt ePsf] 5 . r"gf}tLx? M s_ ;+VofTds?kdf 7'nf / Ifdtfsf lx;fan] e4f /x]sf sld6Lsf sf/0f k|efjsf/L lg0f{o / ;f]sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;d:of /x]sf 5g\ . v_ ljutdf ePsf] 7]Ssfk|yfdf cfwfl/t ;b:otf gjLs/0f / kf6L{ leqsf] cfGtl/s lgjf{rg s]Gb|Lt ;b:otf ljt/0f k|a[QLsf sf/0f ;b:otf gjLs/0fdf ck]IfLt pknAwL k|fKt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . u_ a}rfl/s Ifdtf ljsf;sf] sfd sdhf]/ ePsf sf/0f lhDd]jf/ g]t[Tjdf /x]sf AolQmx?df ;d]t sdhf]/ /fhlglts :t/ /x]sf] 5 . h;sf sf/0f lglZrt 36gf af6 k|efjLt x'g] / b[i6Lsf]0f agfpg] k|a[QL a9]sf] 5 . ª_ kbdf a:g] t/ lhDd]jf/L axg gug]{ lgDg k'FhLjfbL lrGtgsf sf/0f sld6Lx?df lgis[otf b]lvPsf] 5 .

3_ :ki6 cfly{s of]hgf gxF'bf sld6Lx? cfly{s ;+s6df /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . &= cfufdL sfo{of]hgf M xfn} ;DkGg kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] kfFrf}+ a}7s kZrft hf/L ;s'{n/, lhNnfdf ;+rflnt ld;g u|f;?6 cleofgaf6 k|fKt k[i7kf]if0f / lhNnfsf] cfjZostfsf cfwf/df cfufdL lbgdf ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ sfdsf] of]hgf lgDgfg';f/ k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 . &=!= ;b:otf glas/0f / la:tf/ M

• kf6L{ s]lGb|o sld6Lsf] lgb]{zg cg'?k xfn sfod /x]sf ;+ul7t ;b:ox?sf] olx c;f/ !% leq kflnsf sld6Ln] glas/0f u/L lhNnf sld6Ldf k]z ug]{ / lhNnf sld6Ln] c;f/ d;fGt ;Dd s]Gb|n] tf]s]sf] laa/0f cBfalws u/L k|b]z sld6Ldf k]; ug]{ .

• Kfflnsfsf ;a} j8fx?df dtbftf ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ;+ul7t ;b:otfsf] cg'kft a[l4sf] nflu s]Gb|n] tf]s]sf] …j8fdf ;b:osf] cg'kft, slDtdf # k|ltztÚ sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ of]hgf agfpg] .

• ;b:otfsf] bf]xf]/f]kg tyf tYofª\s ;'4Ls/0fsf] nflu lhNnf sld6Ln] k|b]z sld6LnfO{ ca:yf v'nfO{ ;'lr ;lxtsf] laa/0f kqfrf/ ug]{ / clGtd 6+'uf] nufpg] sfd c;f/ !% ;Dd ug]{ .

• ld;g u|f;?6 cleofg cl3sf] ;b:otf /]s8{ x]g{] xf] eg] ;b:otf ;+Vof / dtbftfsf] cg'kftdf cf};t ^ k|ltzt b]lvG5 t/ klg sltko kflnsfsf j8fx?df of] ;+Vof cToGt Go"g b]lvG5 . To;}n] cfufdL lgjf{rgdf …ld;g– !%)Ú k'/f ug{ k|To]s j8fdf slDtdf #8 hgf ;b:o k'¥ofpg] u/L ;b:otf lj:tf/sf] sfo{of]hgf agfO{ nfu" ug]{ .

• ;b:otf lj:tf/ ubf{ dfkb08sf] kfngf ub}{ gofF ;b:ox?sf] cfj]bg lng] / :jLs[ltsf] Kf|lqmof lawfg;+ut ?kn] ug]{ . &=@= ;+u7g lgdf{0f / kl/rfng M • lawfgdf tf]s] cg';f/ lhNnf sfof{nosf] a}7s cfaZostf cg';f/, ;lrjfnosf] a}7s dlxgfsf] Ps k6s, lHfNnf sld6Lsf] a}7s b'O{ dlxgfsf] Ps k6s cfof]hgf u/L 7f]; sfo{of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] .

• lawfgdf tf]s] cg';f/ dtfxt sld6Lsf a}7s, ;Dd]ng, e]nf cfof]hgf u/] gu/]sf] Plsg ug]{ dftxt sld6Lsf] sfdsf] lgoldt cg'udg ug]{ .

• kf6L{ k|0ffnL cg'?k sld6L ;~rfng ug{ / ljBdfg e2f sld6Ldf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ ug{ lhNnf, kflnsf, j8f / 6f]n txsf clwj]zgx? cfof]hgf ug]{ sfd c;f]h b]lv r}q d;fGt @)*) leqsf] sfo{of]hgf agfO{ ;DkGg ug]{ .

• clwj]zg dflyNnf] sld6Laf6 qmdzM tNnf sld6Lsf] cfof]hgf ubf{ sld6Lsf clwa]zgdf lhDd]jf/Ldf sf/0fjz x6]sf / s'g} klg sld6Ldf ;+ul7t gePsf ;b:ox?nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ljleGg sld6Ldf Jo:yfkg ug]{ lawL ckgfpg] .

• sfd ug]{nfO{ …k|f]T;fxgÚ / ug{ g;Sg]nfO{ …;Ddfg;lxt labfÚ ug]{ of]hgf k|efasf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{ sld6Ldf /xg dl/xQ] ug]{ t/ a}7sdf dgnfu] cfpg], dg gnfu] gcfpg] k|a[lQ cGosf nflu ;"rgf kfP/ klg lagf sf/0f nuftf/ # a}7sdf cg'kl:yt x'g] ;b:ox?nfO{ ljwfgtM ;DalGwt sld6Laf6 labf ug]{ .

• …a}7sb]lv a}7s;DdÚ dfq cfkm\gf] pkl:ylt hgfpg] t/ sfddf gh'6\g] ;b:ox?nfO{ ;lqmo x'g ;do tf]lsg] 5 tf]lsPsf] ;do ;Dd klg sfdsf ;'wf/ geP ;r]t u/fpg], :ki6Ls/0f dfUg] / sld6Laf6 ;–;Ddfg ljbf ug]{ .

• e2f sld6LnfO{ l56f] 5l/tf] t'Nofpg kbflwsf/Lafx]ssf l/Qm :yfgdf ;s];Dd gofF ;b:o yk gug]{ .

• xfn} ;+rflnt ld;g u|f; ?6 sfo{qmdsf lhNnf sld6L a}7sn] lhDD]jf/L tf]s] adf]lhd sfddf kl/rlnt gx'g] lhNnf sld6L ;b:o sd/]8x?nfO{ …lsg / s] sf/0fÚ ;f]wf+} eGg] s]lGb|o lgb]{zg cg';f/ …lsg / s] sf/0fn] cleofgaf6 aflx/ /x]sf] xf], :ki6Ls/0f dfUg] / cfOGbf kf6L{n] cfof]hgf ug]{ s'g} klg cleofgdf o;}u/L cg'kl:yt x'g]nfO{ lsg / s] sf/0f ;f]Wg] kl/kf6L ;DalGwt sld6Ln] a;fNg] cEof; lasf; ug]{ .

• o'jfx?sf aLrdf kf6L{ sfdsf] lj:tf/sf nflu j8fj8fM efjL o'jf g]tf sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/L xfd|f] kf6L{ ;+/rgfdf kfsf pd]/ ;d'x / o'jf pd]/ ;d"xsfg]tf÷sfo{stf{sf] ;+Vofdf ;Gt'ng sfod ug{ Ps ltxfO{ ;b:o #% jif{ d'lgsf kf6L{ ;b:ox?nfO{ ;+ul7t ug]{u/L o'jfnlIft cleofg ;~rfng ug]{ .

• kf6L{sf g]tf sfo{stf{sf] 3/3/af6} o'jf–sfo{qmd ;'? ug{] . kf6L{sf ljleGg lhDd]jf/Ldf /xg] sd/]8x?sf] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?nfO{ ;+ul7t ug]{ / cfjZostfcg';f/ lhDd]jf/L k|bfg ug]{ . &=#= ljefuLo sfd • lhNnfdf kf6L{sf ljefux? yk lqmofzLn / k|efasf/L 9+un] ;+rfng ug{ lhNnf sld6Lsf ;b:onfO{ lhDd]jf/L tf]sLg] 5 • laefluo sfdsf] aflif{s sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/L /rgfTds 9+un] sfof{Gjog ug{] of]hgf agfpg] . &=$= lgoldt j}rfl/s–/fhgLlts k|lzIf0f • lhNnf kf6L{ :s'nn] lhNnf :t/df k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L k|lzIfs tof/ ug]{ .

• k|lzIf0fsf] tx juL{s[t u/L lhNnf, kflnsf, j8f / hg;+u7gsf nflu kf6L{ :s"n laefu ;+u ;dGjo u/L txut k|lzIf0f ;+rfng ug]{ . s_ kbflwsf/L tx v_ ;lrjfno ;b:o tx u_ ;b:o tx • 8]lne/Ldfkm{t\ ;'zf;g, ;'zf;g;Fu} ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] cjwf/0ff nfu" ug{ :yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglwsf nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ …aGb–lzjL/Ú k|lzIf0f ;~rfng ug]{ .

• lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx?sf nflu :yfgLo zf;g, lgod÷sfg'g, ljsf; / ;]jf k|jfxdf ;Ifd t'Nofpg cfjZostfcg'?k cled'vLs/0f / aGb zLlj/ k|lzIf0f ;d]t cfof]hgf ug]{ • ld;g u|f;?6n] klxrfg u/]sf ;Defjgf ePsf o'jf jf ;Defjgf ePsf yk o'jf klxrfg u/L g]t[Tj ljsf;sf] nflu kf6L{ :s'nsf dfWodaf6 ljz]if k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd -Snf]h SofDk_ ;+rfng ug]{ .

• s]lGb|o ?kdf tof/ ePsf lk|G6sf cltl/Qm cl8of]÷leh'cn ;fdu|L pkfof]udf k|fyldstf lbg] / lhNnfdf klg l8lh6n Kn]6kmd{ k|of]u ug]{ .

• k7g ;F:s[ltsf] ljsf;sf nflu kf6L{ sfof{nox?df kf6L{ :s'n laefun] k':tsfno :yfkgf / ;f]zn ldl8ofdf :68L–;s{n agfO cWoog÷5nkmn cl3 a9fpg k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .

• ;|f]tnfO{ clwsflws pkof]u ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;Dea ePsf 7fFpdf xfOla|8 k|lzIf0f -ef}lts tyf er{'cnsf] ;lDd>0f u/L PS;g ?daf6 :s"nÚ ;~rfng ug{ cf/De ug]{ . &=%= hg;+u7g / k]zfut ;+u7gsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf lj:tf/ sfo{qmd • cfwf/e"t txdf kf6L{ sfo{stf{ lgdf{0f ug{ hg;+u7gnfO{ …OGs'e];g ;]G6/Úsf] ?kdf ?kfGtl/t ul/g] 5 h;sf nflu hg;+u7gn] d"ntM u}/kf6L{ ;b:onfO{ ;+ul7t u/L kf6L{sf] hgcfwf/ lj:tf/ ug]{ .

• lszf]/ / o'jf pd]/;d"xsf AolQmx?sf ljrdf kx'Fr :yfkgf ug]{ / plgx?nfO{ hg;+u7g jf kf6L{df elt{ ug{sf nflu M !$ b]lv !* jif{sf ljBfyL{x?sf ljrsf] sfdnfO{ yk Aojl:yt ug]{ / ;+ul7t ug]{, !* b]lv @% aif{sf o'jfx?nfO{ o'jf ;+3sf sld6Ldf ;fd]n ug]{ .

• ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] k|To]s z}lIfs ;+:yf -lghL z}lIfs ;+:yf ;d]t_, kflnsf / j8f tx;Dd sld6L u7g ug]{ .

• cg]/f:jljo' / o'jf ;+3n] af}l4s k|ltof]lutf nufot t6:y dtbftf s]lGb|t /rgfTds s[ofsnfk ;~rfng ug]{ .

• kf6L{n] hg;+u7gnfO{ kf6L{ ;b:otf lj:tf/sf] k|j]zåf/sf ?kdf k|fyldstf lbO{ of] sfdsf] ;dGjo hg;+u7g ;dGjo ;+oGqdfkm{t\ ug]{ .

• Jofks agf}+÷agfcf}+ sfo{qmd -hg;+u7g ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf lj:tf/ sfo{qmd_ cGt/ut xfdL;Fu ;Da4 ;a} hgjuL{o ;+u7gnfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ hg;+u7gn] g} laleGg /rgfTds sfo{ ;~rfng ug]{– :yfgLo txsf ;a} j8fdf dlxnf, ls;fg, dhb'/, plTkl8t hflto d'lQm ;dfh, o'jf, ljBfyL{h:tf cfwf/e"t txsf hg;+u7gx? u7g u/L kl/rfng ug]{ .

• lhNnf / kflnsf:t/df ;d]t hg;+u7g ;dGjo ;+oGq u7g u/L Kf|efasf/L ?kn] ;+~rfng ug{ lautdf em}+ …kf6L{sf] t];f]{ / hg;+u7gsf] 7f8f]Ú g]t[Tj sfod ug]{ kl/kf6L :yflkt ug]{ . o; sfdsf nflu lhNnf ;b:onfO{ lhNnf OGrfh{sf] ?kdf lhNnfdf / hg;+u7g ;dGjo ;+oGqsf] lhNnf k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf kflnsf :t/df v6fOg] 5 .

• hg;+u7g / k]zfut ;+u7gx?n] ;DalGwt ju{ / ;d'bfosf aLrdf cfkm\gf] ;b:otf lj:tf/ ug{ lgoldt cleofg ;+rfng ug{] . cfkm\gf ju{ jf ;d'bfoaLr s:tf– s:tf /rgfTds sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L x'G5, o;sf] nflu ;DalGwt tx / If]qn] 5'§} of]hgf agfpg] . o:tfsfddf ;+u7gsf g]tfx?nfO{ :yflkt ug{ kf6L{ g]t[Tjn] ;xhLs/0f ug]{ .

• dlxnf, ls;fg, dhb'/, plTkl8t hflto d'lQm ;dfh, o'jf / ljBfyL{h:tf ;+u7gsf ;~hfn 6f]n tx;Dd lgdf{0f ug]{ • lhNnf clwa];g ug{ afFsL hg;+u7gsf lhNnf / kflnsf:t/sf] clwj]zg÷;Dd]ng cfof]hgf ug{ ;xhLs/0f ug]{ . &=^= kf6L{ k|j]z / Joj:yfkg • kf6L{ k|j]znfO{ cleofgsf ?kdf cl3 a9fpg] . o;sf] nflu lgDg sfo{ ug]{– • kf6L{ k|j]z u/]sf jfdkGyL k[i6e"ldsf ;fyLx?sf] ;b:otf cBfjlws ug{ / u}/jfdkGyL k[i6e"ldsf ;fyLx?sf] ;b:otf Jojl:yt ug{ c;f/ !% leq dlxgfleq k|b]z sld6Ldf ljj/0f ;lxtsf] l;kmfl/; ul/;Sg] .

• /fhgLlts w'|jLs/0fsf] gLltcg'?k kf6L{ k|j]z sfo{qmdnfO{ j8ftx ;Dd lg/Gt/tf lbg] .

• Kff6L{ k|a]zsf] of]hgf agfpbf j8f txdf xfn bnx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] dtsf cfwf/df zlQm ;Gt'ngsf]

km};nf sfof{Gjog nIo eGbf w]/} – km};nf nIosf] (^ k|ltzt

s}b dfq} nfu]sf @ ;o &# hgf, hl/jgf dfq} nfu]sf * ;o !* / s}b tyf hl/jgf b'a} ePsf ( ;o #& hgf km/f/ 5g\ . @ xhf/ @* hgf AolQmn] cbfntsf] km};nf cg';f/sf] ;hfFo tyf hl/jgf e'Qmfg ug{ afFsL 5 . w' l nv] n ÷lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] nIo cg';f/ (^ k|ltzt k|ult u/]sf] 5 . @)*) h]i7 @% ut];Dd @ xhf/ ! ;o # j6f d'2f km5of}{6sf] nIodf @ xhf/ !( j6f km5of{}6 ePsf 5g\ . d'2f km};nf sfof{Gjogdf klg nIosf] ! ;o !) k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]sf pk ;lrj >]:t]bf/ uf]ljGb l3ld/]sf cg';f/ d'2f km5of{}6 / km};nf kl5sf] sfof{Gjogdf lta|tf lbO{Psf] 5 . …d'2f km};nfsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu lhNnf k|x/L sfof{non] k|x/L lgl/Ifssf] ;+of]hsTjdf l6d g} kl/rfng ul/lbPsf] 5Ú–>] : t] b f/ l3ld/] n ] eGg' e of] – …k| x /Lsf] ;lqmotf, sd{rf/Lsf] s[oflzntfsf sf/0f km};nf sfof{Gjogn] nIo kf/ u/]sf] xf] .Ú P;kL efu]Gb|k'?if 9sfnn] ;d'bfodf n's]/ /x]sf cbfntn] ;hfoF lgwf{/0f u/]sf AolQmx?sf] kqmfpsf nflu k|x/L lgl/Ifssf] sdf08df l6d kl/rfng ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . rfn' jif{df k|x/Lsf tkm{af6 (& jif{ !@ dlxgf & lbg s}b

c;'n u/]sf] 5 eg] $! nfv @^ xhf/ * ;o @@ ?k}of hl/jgf c;'n ePsf] 5 . c;'n ul/Psf] dWo] @% k|ltzt sld;g k|x/Ln] kfpg]5 . 8f]/af6 %$ nfv *^ xhf/ % ;o #@ ?k}of hl/jgf c;'n ePsf] 5 eg] cGo ljleGg tl/sfaf6 @ s/f]8 %^ nfv (* xhf/ % ;o #* ?k}of hl/jgf c;'n ePsf] 5 . (* nfv ?k}of hl/jgf ePsf] Pp6f d'2fdf ;jf{]Rr cbfntn] ;kmfO{ lbP kl5 hl/jgf c;'nLdf ;+Vof w]/} b]lvPsf] 5 . a}zfv d;fGt;Dd cbfntaf6 km};nf sfof{Gjogsf] nIo @ ;o !% lyof] . @ ;o #& j6f d'2fsf] sfof{Gjog u/]sf] txl;n zfvfsf k|d'v txlznbf/ z]if/fh bfxfnn] atfpg' eof] . …k|x/Laf6, km};nf x'Fbf / cGoaf6 & ;o %! jif{ !! dlxgf * lbg s}b c;'n ePsf] 5Ú–txlznbf/ z]if/fh bfxfnn] eGg'eof]–…^* s/f]8 & nfv ^@ xhf/ ^ ;o !$ ?k}of hl/jgf / !@ ;o ## jif{ !) dlxgf @ lbg s}b c;'n ug{ afFsL 5 .Ú h;df s}b dfq}

nfu]sf @ ;o &# hgf, hl/jgf dfq} nfu]sf * ;o !* / s}b tyf hl/jgf b'a} ePsf ( ;o #& hgf km/f/ 5g\ . @ xhf/ @* hgf AolQmn] cbfntsf] km};nf cg';f/sf] ;hfFo tyf hl/jgf e'Qmfg ug{ afFsL 5 . rfn' jif{sf nflu cl3Nnf] jif{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;/L cfPsf ! ;o ^^ j6f tyf rfn' jif{sf @ ;o (* u/L $ ;o ^$ dWo] @ ;o @& j6f km5of{}6 ePsf x'g\ . cbfntn] lnPsf] …@–)Ú nIo cyf{t b'O{ jif{ k'/f ePsf d'2fnfO{ z'Godf k'¥ofpg] cleofg cGt{ut ^@ j6f d'2f km};nf x'g afFsL 5g\ . ! xhf/ @ ;o $% j6f d'2f afFsL ePsf] cj:yfdf lhNnf cbfntdf b'lgofjfbL b]jfgL #^, kmf}hbf/L !$, ;/sf/jfbL kmf}hbf/L !! / k'g/fj]bg b]jfgL ! j6f b'O{ jif{ gf3]sf d'2f afFsL 5g\ . # xhf/ @ ;o ^$ dWo] km};nf eP/ afFsL /]xsf d'2fx? klg b|'t ultdf cl3 al9/x]sf 5g\ . >]:t]bf/ l3ld/]sf cg';f/ rfn' jif{sf] cGTo;Dddf nIo eGbf w]/} d'2fsf] km};nf x'g] atfpg' eof] .

r08]Zj/Ldf lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/ ag]kf÷l;8An';L kf]lnlSnlgs ag]kfn] ag]kfsf] P]ltxfl;s r08]Zj/L dlGb/ kl/;/df Ps lbg] lgMz'Ns ;'u/ tyf k|];/ k/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . r08]Zj/L dlGb/df /x]sf] c:yfoL k|x/L kf]i6, r08]Zj/L dlGb/ ag]kf,

k|x/L sd{rf/Lsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . k/LIf0fdf 8f=k|sfz ;'jfnn] lzlj/df ;xeflux?nfO{ k/LIf0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . l;8An';L kf]lnlSnlgsn] ;do ;dodf ljleGg :yfgdf lgz'Ns

jif{ @( c+s ## @)*) h]7 #@ ut] ljxLjf/

lzlj/ cfof]hgf ul//x]sf] 5 . ag]kfsf] rf/bf]af6f]af6 lgoldt ;]jf pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] kf]lnlSnlgsn] ljz]if1 8fS6/x? dfkm{t :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfg ub{} cfPsf] 5 .

laZn]if0f ub}{ cfufdL lgjf{rgdf slDtdf %) k|ltzt Kn; ! dt ;'/Iffsf] nflu lagf k'jf{u|x cfaZos /0flglt to ug]{ . &=&= hgk|ltlgwL kl/rfng,;'zf;g, ljsf; / ;d[l4sf of]hgf • …8]lne/L dfkm{t\ ;'zf;g, ;'zf;g ;+u} ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] sfo{qmd eGg] s]lGb|o gf/f Aoaxf/df ptfg{sf nflu :yfgLo txsf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglx?sf] sfdnfO{ yk Aoal:yt, of]hgfa4, k|efjsf/L agfpg b]xfoadf]lhd ug]{– • kflnsf ;efbnnfO{ kl/rfng u/L k|efjsf/L agfpg] .

• kf6L{ sld6L / hgk|ltlglwaLr sfdsf] ;dGjosf nflu u7g ul/Psf kflnsf / j8f ;+oGqsf] a}7s lgoldt u/L of]hgfa4?kdf sfd ug]{ .

• s]Gb|af6 :yfgLo txdf k7fOPsf lzIff, :jf:Yo, ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf ;a} ljifodf hgtfsf] rf;f]adf]lhd ;]jf k|jfx r':tb'?:t ?kn] ug]{ .

• hgk|ltlglw / kf6L{ljrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ k|uf9, sd/]8nL / pknlAwk"0f{ agfpg hgk|ltlgwLx? kf6L{ k|lt akmfbf/ / pQ/bfoL x'g], kf6L{n] hgk|ltlgwLx?nfO{ ;DalGwt e"uf]nsf] ;d[l4sf] of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]u ug]{, lgoldt ;Dks{, ;dGjo / ;/;Nnfx u/L sfd ug]{ . &=*= cfly{s–;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f / hg;/f]sf/sf sfd • cleofg ?kfGt/0fsf ?kdf cfly{s–;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f / hg;/f]sf/sf ljifox?df cfwfl/t cleofg tyf hgkl/rfngsf sfdx? of]hgf agfO kflnsf / j8ftxsf sld6Lx?n] /rgfTds 9ª\un] ;+rfng ug]{ .

• j8f / kflnsfaf6 k|fKt xhf/f}+ ;'emfjsf cfwf/df cfly{s–;fdflhs / hg;/f]sf/sf d'2fnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ …of]hgf sfo{zfnfÚ cfof]hgf ug]{ / of]hgf a}s agfO sfof{Gjogsf] of]hgf agfpg] • s'g} klg k|sf/sf] zf]if0f, pTkL8g, lje]b / cGofosf lj?4df kf6L{kª\lQmnfO{ ;zQm ?kdf kl/rfng ug]{ . o:tf d'2fsf kIfdf ax;–k}/jL ;~rfng ug]{ .

• kf6L{sf] /fhgLlts sfo{lbzfcg'?k cfly{s–;fdflhs ljsf;sf If]q klxrfg u/L To;df /fHosf lgsfosf] Wofgfsif{0f x'g] u/L kf6L{ ;b:o / hg;d'bfonfO{ kl/rfng ug]{ .

• sfdsf gofF If]qdf kf6L{sf] ;+nUgtf k|efjsf/L agfpg] . x/]s txdf kf6L{sf] k|efj lj:tf/ ug{ ;+u7g / sfdsf gofF If]qx?klxrfg ug]{ .

• ;fdflhs / ;fd'bflos If]qsf ;+:yfx?n] ug]{ sfdk|lt kf6L{n] axg ug'{kg]{ lhDd]jf/Laf/] kf6L{kª\lQmnfO{ :ki6 kfb}{ tL If]qsf ljz]iftf cg'?ksf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{;Sg] ;Ifd sfo{stf{kª\lQmsf] ljsf; ug{] . pgLx?nfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg ljz]if Wofg lbg] . &=(= kf6L{ sfof{no dfkm{t sfdsf] ;dGjo • lhDd]jf/ g]tfx?nfO{ sxfF e]6\g] eGg] k|Zg klg ld;g u|f;?6df p7]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ sfdsf] dxTjk"0f{ c+usf] ?kdf /x]sf] lhNnf / kflnsf :t/df kf6L{ sfof{no ;'b[9/ Jojl:yt ug]{, j8f tx;Dd lj:tf/ ug]{ u/L sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/L qmdzM nfu"ug]{, • kf6L{ lgdf{0f / sfo{stf{ kl/rfngsf ;Gbe{df dfq xf]Og hg;/f]sf/sf ljifox?sf] ;'g'jfO{ ug]{ / k}/jL ug]{ d'Vo ynf]sf ?kdf klg kf6L{ sfof{nosf] ljsf; ug]{, • kf6L{ sfof{nodf ;DalGwt txsf] sld6Lsf kbflwsf/L / lhDd]jf/ JolQmx? lgoldt ?kdf pkl:yt x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg], • lhNnf, kflnsf / j8f tx;Dds} kf6L{ sfof{non] ;dGjodf sfd ug]{ / sfof{nosf] sfdnfO{ cfw'lgs / k|ljwLo'Qm agfpg] .

• ;a} sfof{nox?n] kf6L{ ;+u7g, ;b:otf, / kf6L{sfdsf]] k|ltj]bg nufot clen]vx? Aojl:yt ?kdf /fVg] Aoj:yf ldnfpg] .

• cfly{s lgodfjnL tof/ ug]{ / ;f]xLcg';f/ n]vfk|0fnL Aojl:yt ug]{ . dftxt kflnsf / j8f sld6LnfO{ n]vf / sfof{no Aoa:yfkgsf] tflnd k|bfg ug]{ . &=!)= k|rf/fTds sfd / ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|efjsf/L k|of]u • kf6L{n] lautdf 7"nf–7"nf ;ef / hgkl/rfngaf6 cfkm\gf s'/f hgtf ;dIf k'¥ofpFYof] . ljleGg k|rf/fTds sfd ul/ 5l/Psf e|dx? lrYof]{ . clxn] …Go"ldl8ofÚsf] ?kdf l8lh6n ldl8of / ;f];n ld8of k|efjzfnL ePkl5 klxn]sf] k|lqmofn] xfd|f] cfjZostf k'/f ul//x]sf] 5}g . t;y{, kf6L{k|lt hgtfsf] cfsif{0f a[l4 / gofF k':tfaLr kf6L{nfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ k|rf/fTds sfdnfO{ ;'b[9 ug}{k5{ .

• k|rf/ / ;"rgf k|jfxsf] sfdsf ;f];n ldl8ofsf] ;'b'kof]u ug]{, • ;a} k|sf/sf ;f];n ldl8odf ;DalGwt txsf] kf6L{ sld6L / kf6L{;Da4 hg;+u7gx?n] ;fdflhs ;~hfn lgdf{0f u/L k|rf/sf sfdug]{ &=!!= k|jf;Lx¿sf aLrsf] sfd • ;a} txsf kf6L{ / hg;+u7gx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] 7fpFaf6 /x]sf ljb]zdf nfdf] ;do;Dd /xg] u/L uPsf kf6L{ ;b:ox? jf ;Dks{df /x]sf JolQmx?sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt j8f sld6Ln] tof/ ug{] / dflyNnf] sld6LnfO{ pknAw u/fpg], • cfk\mgf] j8fdf kf6L{sf g]tf sfo{stf{x?n] sfd jf cWoogsf] l;nl;nfdf ljb]z uPsf cf–cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf gft]bf/x?sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt sld6Ldf pknAw u/fpg], • pgLx?nfO{ k|jf;L g]kfnL ;+3 / xfd|f] kf6L{;Fu ;Da4 ljb]zdf lqmofzLn s'g} klg ;+3;+:yf;Fu pgLx?sf] ;Dks{ :yflkt u/fpg] .

• ljb]zdf /xg] AolQmx?;Fu kflnsfut ?kdf e/Ro"cn dfWodaf6 lgoldt ;Dks{ ug]{ . sd/]8x?, k|:t't k|ltj]bgdfyL u+le/tfk"j{s 5nkmn ul/ /rgfTds ;'emfj k]z ug'{x'g]5 . xflb{s clejfbg ;lxt . ;dfKt .

nflndf ;fsf;]sf] vN'nf /Qmbfg ag]kf÷nflndf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+ : yf lnld6] 8 sf] cfof]hgfdf / An8 8f]g{; Ozf]l;P;g g]kfn sfe|]sf] ;xsfo{df ljZj /Qmbftf lbj; @)@# sf cj;/df v'Nnf /Qmbfgsf] cfof]hgf u/]]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Ln] ;fdflhs

pT/bfloTj cGt{ut pQm /Qmbfgsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;+:yfsf cWoIf 8f= s]lj dfgGw/n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . /utsf] cefjaf6 s;}sf] klg csfndf d{To' gxf]; eGg] pb]Zon] pQm /Qmbfgsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] dfgGw/n] atfpg' eof] . ;+:yfn] ljleGg ;fdflhs sfo{x? ub{] cfPsf] hgfPsf] 5 .

nfdf;]f3“d'f ofu] lj1fg lzlj/ l;Gw'kfNrf]s÷;]tLb]jL zf/bf dfWolds ljBfnosf] cfof] h gfdf ;'gsf]zL ufpFkflnsf j8f g+= & nfdf];fF3'df kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]af6 % lbg] lgMz'Ns v'Nnf of]u lj1fg lzlj/sf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . lzlj/sf] pb3\f6g kt+hnL ofu] ;ldlt afUdtL kb|z ] kd|v ' tyf sl]Gbo| ;b:o uj|' g] tfh } nn ] ] uge'{ Psf] lyof] . kd|v ' cltyL tfh } nn ] ] :j:y hLjgn] g} ;fdflhs Ifq]df ;sf/fTds ofu]bfg k¥'ofpg ;lsg] xg'fn] pQm ofu] lj1fg lzlj/af6 kfPsf lzIffnfO{ ufpF ufpF / j8f j8f;Dd k¥'ofpg kl|zIffyLx{? ;uF clkn uge'{ Psf] lyof] . ljBfnosf kw|fgfWofks

af;' lh=;L=n] :jfut dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . lzla/df kth + nL ofu] ;ldlt sfes |] f cWoIf xl/z/0f >i]7, pkfWoIf ks | fz sfoi7, dlxnf cWoIf cg' >i]7, ;u+7g dGqL Zofdsd'f/ >]i7n] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] sfoq{mdsf] pb3\fi]f0f kth + nL ofu] ;ldlt l;Gwk'fNrfs ] sf dlxnf ke|f/L sljtf /fptn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . lzlj/sf] ;efkltTj ljBfno ;+rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf ;/nf ;'j]bLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] lgMz'Ns of]u lj1fg lzlj/ kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt l;Gw'kfNrf]s, dlxnf kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt l;Gw'kfNrf]s / nfdf];fF3' of]u ;fwgf s]Gb|sf] ;dGjodf cfof]hgf ePsf] lyof] .

!^ cf+} /fli6«o n]8L Ps]8]dL sfe|]df ;DkGg w'lnv]n÷g]kfn h];Lhsf] !^ cf} /fli6«o n]8L Ps]8]dL sfe|] n]8L h];Lhsf] cfltYotfdf lxdfno b[Zo ag]kfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . Ps]8]dLsf] pb\3f6g g]kfnL sfFu|];sf k|b]z dxfdGqL tyf afudtL k|b]z ;f+;b s~rgrGb| afb]n] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ;ef;b\ afb]n] o'jfx?sf] ;zlQms/0f, Ifdtf a[4L / ;zlQms/0fdf h];Lhn] v]n]sf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . …o'jfx? s'g} g s'g} ?kn] ljb]lzg] qmd a9]sf] 5Ú– ;f+;b\ afb]n] eGg'eof]– …h];Lh h:tf ;+:yfsf] dfWodaf6 o'jfx?sf] ;zlQms/0f u/L :jb]zd} v]ns"b tyf cGo dfWodaf6 /f]Sg ;Sg] jftfj/0f agfpg' cfjZos 5 .Ú sfe|] n]8L h];Lh jif{ @)@# sL cWoIf h];L a'4nIdL dfgGw/sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf h];Lhsf /fli6«o cWoIf l;g]6/ ljsf; dfgGw/ nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . h];Lhsf /fli6«o cWoIf ljsf; dfgGw/n] s]Gb|n] to u/]sf @& j6f /fli6«o sfo{qmd cGt{ u t w' l nv] n df sfe| ] n] 8 Lsf] cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmd !@ cf+} ePsf] atfpg' eof] . o;cl3 of] sfo{qmd ljleGg zfvfn] cfof]hgf ub{} cfPsf lyP . sfe|]df cfof]hgf ePsf] of] klxnf] k6s ePsf] sfe|] n]8L h];LhsL n]8L Ps]8]dL 8fO{/]S6/ /f]hL d'gf+sdL{n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} s]Gb|Lo cWoIf dfgGw/n] /fli6«o ;ldltn] zfvfnfO{ lhDd]jf/L lbg], tNnf] txdf k|efj kfg{] u/L zfvf / zfvfdf cfa4 ;b:ox?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; ug{] tyf clea[l4 ug{] cleofgdf h];Lh s[oflzn /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . of] Ps]8]dLn] cfGtl/s

ko{6g a[l4 u/L lhNnf ;d]t lrgfpg k|of; ul/Psf] sfe|] n]8L cWoIf a'4nIdL dfgGw/n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ;qdf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbks uf}td, ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSo, g]kfn pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf pkfWoIf ;' / s[ i 0f a} B , h] ; Lhsf s] l Gb| o kbflwsf/Lx? nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbb} n]8L h];Lhsf ;+of]hs Pj+ jif{ @)@@ sf cWoIf ;'ldqf afb]n] ;d[4 ;dfhsf nflu dlxnf eGg] cleofgnfO{ b]ze/sf zfvfaf6 ;xeflu ePsf n]8Lx?nfO{ k'¥ofpg b'O{ lbg]sf] Ps]8]dL dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . ! ;o &* zfvfaf6 k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ! ;o %) eGbf w]/} ;xeflu ePsf] sfo{qmddf dw]z k|b]z

ljZj ljBfnosf pks'nklt tyf g]kfn h];Lhsf k'j{ /fli6«o cWoIf l;g]6/ lbks zfSo, d]lrgu/ n]l8 h];Lhsf ;+:yfks cWoIf sljtf zdf{, ;fO{Sofl6«:6 ;gd kf}8]n, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ /fh' ;/sf/, dlxnf clwsf/ tyf sfg"gL clwjQmf s[i0fKof/L gsdL{, kf6g n]8L h];Lhsf k'j{ cWoIf Pj+ sl/c/ sfplG;n/ ;':df >]i7, sfe|] n]8L h];Lhsf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ ;flxTosf/ ;[hgf b'jfn, k"j{ ld; g]kfn Oefgf dfgGw/ nufotn] ljleGg ljifodf k|lzIf0f lbPsf lyP . b'O{ lbg;Dd ;+rfng ePsf] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf tflndsf cnfjf h'Daf, km]nf]l;k, ;fO{8 l;g nufotsf sfo{qmd ;dfj]z ul/Psf] n]8L h];Lh sfe|]sL dxf;lrj ;ljtf ah|frfo{n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmd ?ljgf ds} >]i7n] ;+rfng ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

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motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

ul/aLn] vf;]s]f] dfofdf s;/L vfh]f+} hf/L << xfd|f] k|]d, ;+3{if / kL8faf6 of}jgdf dfq} ug{] k|]dnfO{ unt ;fljt ul/lbPsf] 5. k|]d cfjZostfn] dx;'; x'g] xf]. k|]d b'v e'nfpg] af6f] xf]. eljZosf] af6f] xf]. hLjg lhpg] cfwf/ xf]. o;sf] unt AofVof / b'?kof]u x'Fbf Hofg klg hfG5 xf]nf t/ d eG5' hLjg lhpg] k|d'v /fhdfu{ k|]d xf]. k|]d slxn] x'G5 < s] sf nflu x'G5 < s'g pd]/df x'G5 < To;sf] s'g} ;Ldf xb'Ff] /x]g5 . o'jf cj:yfdf ul/g] k|]dnfO{ dfq} kl5Nnf] ;dodf k|]d eGg] ul/G5 . t/ o:tf] k|]dn] kmqmg kfp5F ls kfpbF}g yfxf 5}g . a'9];sfndf ePsf] o:tf] k|]dn] of] hf]8LnfO{ stf k'¥ofp5F yfxf 5}g < t/ klg ;fx;sf ;fy c7f]6 ul/Psf] 5 k|]dnfO{ cd/ agfpg] . k|]d ;kmn agfpg slxn] stf t slxn] stf uP/ lbg / /ftx? latfpg] ul/Psf] 5 . lbp;Fe/ sfd u/]kl5 a]n'sf ltg} s'/f x'G5g\ cfh xfdLn] slt k};f sdfof}+ . ef]ln s] ug{] clg s;/L hLjg latfpg] < o:tf] 5nkmn / ldqtf ;fob} s;}sf] hLjgdf xb'F}g ls < x/]s cfDbfgLsf] vr{ Aoj:yfkg x'g] u/]sf] 5 t/ b'ef{Uo egf} w]/} cfDbfgL g} x'g ;Sb}g . clxn] ljZje/ cfly{s ;+s6 ulxl/Psf] 5 . sdfO{ sd 5 . e'sDk, sf]/f]gf kl5 emg\ w]/} ;+s6 5 . lj/fdL, cfly{s cefj, sd sdfO{ . !@ jif{df vf]nf] kms{]/ cfpF5 eGy] a'9kfsfx?n] . xfd|f] hLjgdf klg vf]nf] kms{]/ cfP5 . Tolx pvfg ;Demg k'u]5g\ pgLx?n] . !@ jif{

kl5 ;fxf/fsf] hLjg hLpg k|]d u/]+ . ljjfx u/]+ . t/ klg dgdf b'Mv 5 . k5'tf] 5 >LdtL kf]O{n uO{5 . 5f]/Lsf] d[To' eof] . afa' d/] . cfdf klg dl/g\ . bfh'efO{ lbbL alxgL ;a} lat] . 5g\ t sfsfsf cfkmGtx? . t/ klg stf stf dnfO{ s] geP s] geP h:tf] nfUof 5 . w]/} ;f]r]+ . w]/} k|of; u/]+ PSn} hLpg t/ ;lsg . !@ jif{ kl5 ;fyLsf] vf]hL u/]+ . ;fyL klg p:t} x'g\ . pgsf] h:tf] kL8f 5 pgsf] klg To:t} . kLl8t} kLl8tx?sf] e]6df slt lbg To;} /dfO{nf] eof] . slt b'Mvx? t ;'v h:t} eP . sf/0f Pp6} lyof] b'j}n] ;fyL km]nf kf¥of}+ . hLjgdf slt b'Mv em]n]+, slt kL8f ef]u]+ t/ o:tf] ;'v slxNo} k|fKt u/]sf] lyO{gF . w'lnv]n glhs} zx/s} 5]pdf xf] 3/ . a'9\of}nL pd]/df k|]ddf /dfO{/x]sf 5f}+ . ljjfxsf] nug s'/]/ al;gF d}n] . r}qsf] clGtd ;ftf ljjfx ug{ l7dL k'u]+ . cfˆg} pd]/sL dlxnf . /demd klg u¥of}+ . pgnfO{ 3/df NofPsf] lbg 6f]n e/sf dfG5]x? hDdf u/]/ /fte/ dfbn ahfP/ gfr] . xfd|f] bf]>f] ljjfxdf /dfpg]x?n] eg] vf]O{ t t]/f] ef]h < d}n] eg]+ sdfP/ Nofp5F' clg 5f]/f] hlGdPkl5 v'jfpF5' . ufpn F ]x? To;} v'zL eP . sd;]sd 3/ gePsfx?n] >LdtL NofP/ eP klg 3/hdsf] d]nf] a;fn] . d]/f] klg kL8f klg sd x'g] eof] . ljjfxdf Ps xhf/ @ ;o vr{ eof] . ;ft ;o t s'tf{ ;'?jfnnfO{ g} nfUof] . Ps ;o ef8fdf vr{ eof] . cGo ;fdfGo vr{x? u/]/ Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o vr{ ePsf] atfPF . ePsf] klg Tolt xf] . clxn]sf] ;dodf Tolt sd vr{ u/]/ ljjfxsf] tfdemfd . d]/f nflu v'zL / b'Mv ;uF} lyP . ul/asf] 3/df Tolt w]/} vr{ ug{] ;fdYo{ xb'F}g . ljxfg sfd u/]/ a]n'sf vfg'kg{] cj:yfsf dfG5]n] Tolt w]/} vr{ s;/L u/f}+ < d dfq} v'zL eO{gF . d]/f elgg]x?, dnfO{ cfˆgf] ;Dem]/ dfof ug{]x? ;a} v'zL lyP . lbp;F e/ sfd u/]/ 3/ k'Ug g;s]sf] ;dodf zx/af6 leq /x]sf 3/x?df k'Ubf km/s vfnsf] ;f]r x'G5 . clns ;feFm k/] kl5 pgLx? b'j}nfO{ 3/ hfg 8/ nfUg] /x]5 . g t

xfdLx?;uF ;DklQsf gfddf gfsdf km'nL ;d]t 5}g . t/ klg af6f]df a;]sf 6\ofk] / u'08fx?n] k};f b] eg]/ eSs' s'65g\ . emg\ s]lx gePsf] b]]v] kl5 t s:tf] dfUg] /x]5 eg]/ pN6f] yk s'6\5g\ . s'6fO{ vfg' eGbf csf{sf] 3/sf] l5+8Ldf eP klg ;'Tg' a]z . x'g t Tof] 3/sf dfG5]x?n] eG7fGbf x'g\ slt cfO{/xG5g\ < t/ s'/f To:tf] xf]O{g bof nfUg]n] sk8f ;d]t lbP ;'TgnfO{ . vfgnfO{ tftf] eft ksfP/ vfg lbP . s'/f ae'm\g]n] dfq} xfdL;uF ;+ut u/] . s'/fsfgL klg u/] . clg ;xof]u u/] kl5 d'/Ld'/L wGojfb lbP . c? t s] lbg ;S5g\ / olx xf] cflzs . ljjfx u/]sf] ev{/sf] hf]8L b]v]/ 6f]ne/Lsf dfG5]x? em\oflDdPsf lyP . s;}n] xfdLx?sf] lbdfu gePsf] eGb} lyP t s;}n] s7} ljr/f . xftdf df]afO{n v]nfO{/x]sf lyof}+ . a}+zdf cfkm}n] ufPsf] uLtsf] ;Demgf cfof] . …3/ /fd|f] 9'+uf / df6f]n], cfOdfO{ /fd|f] lsnLk / sf6Ffn], hfO{km'nsf] af;gf, gofF g]kfn s8f zf;gÚ . …xftdf 38L afwF]sf] b]v]/, lbP s]6L af6f] 5]s]/, sfG5f gnfp arg sf]lx 5}g eg]/, k};f sdfp5F' xf] d]nf uP/Ú …ag]kfdf dl§t]n l6gsf l6g, dfof eP e]6 x'G5 lbgsf lbgÚ rl/ af]6}df sfG5L ;fnL lbn a:of] klxnf] e]6d}Ú df]afO{naf6} uLt ;'g]/ 5Ss k/+] . hUuf a]r]/ eP klg Pp6f df]afO{n lsGg] /x/ 5 . hUuf a]r]/ eP klg a'9LnfO{ df;' eft v'jfp5F' . ;'v} ;'vdf kfN5' . lj:tf/} pgnfO{ uxgfn] 9flslbG5' . b}lgs d]nf uP/ ;ft ;o sdfp5F' . Tof] k};fn] g} hLjg lgjf{xdf ;xof]u k'Ug]5 . tTsfn} Pp6f aRrf hGdfpg] xf] . 5f]/f jf 5f]/L h] eP klg b'j}sf] cfjZostf ;Gtfg hGdfpg] xf] . Pp6f ;Gtfg ePkl5 dfq} plgx?n] hLjgsf] ;a}eGbf 7'nf] cfgGb k|fKt u5{g\ . d $# jif{sf] ePF . ;fg}df d]/f] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox? u'dfpg k'u]+ . ljjfx klg cfkmGtn] g} ul/ lbP .

Vofn Vofnd} ljjfx eof] . ljjfx ePsf] s]lx ;do leq} klxnf] ;Gtfg 5f]/L hlGdO{g\ 5f]/L 8]9 jif{s} pd]/df ljt] kl5 d]/f] kl/jf/ zf]sdf 8'Aof] . d]/f af/]df dfG5]x?n] cg]s s'/f ug{ yfn] .

ls;fgsf g]tfn] a'emfP 1fkgkq w' l nv] n ÷s[ l if If] q nfO{ k|fyfldstfdf /fVg' kg]{ dfu ;lxt g]skf Pdfn] ;+j4 clvn g]kfn ls;fg dxf;+3 sfe|]knf~rf]sn] lhNnf l:yt !# j6} kflnsfnfO{ 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] 5 . kflnsfx? cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] jh]6 lgdf{0fsf] r/0fdf /x]sf] / ah]6df s[lif If]qnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] dfu;lxt 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] clvn g]kfn ls;fg dxf;+3sf cWoIf Zofd;'Gb/ rf}nfufO{n] atfpg' eof] . s[lif sfo{sf] nflu cfjZos dnvfb, ljp ljhg tyf ;fdfu|L ls;fgsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;dod} pknAw u/fpg'kg]{, kflnsfsf] s'n ah]6sf] @) k|ltzt /sd s[lif If]qdf

ljlgof]hg ug{'kg]{, s[lif pkhx?sf] ;+sng tyf lalqm s]G› :yfkgf ug{'kg]{, s[lif pTkfbgx?sf] Go"gtd vl/b d'No tf]Sg'kg]{ tyf pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf ug{'kg]{, ls;fg kl/rokq sf] Joj:yf u/L ls;fgx?nfO{ lgoldt tflnd lbg'kg]{ nufotsf dfu ;d]l6Psf 5g\ . /f;folgs dn tyf ljpljhgsf] sfnfahf/L lgoGq0f / ahf/ cg'udgsf] nflu lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]sdf 1fkgkq a'emfPsf] 5 . clvn g] k fn ls;fg dxf;+ 3 sfe|]knf~rf]ssf kbflwsf/L ;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L k'0o laqmd kf}8]n nfO{ pxfFs} sfo{sIfdf 1fkgkq

a'emfPsf] xf] .

1fkgkqdf ahf/ cg'udg u/L ;/sf/L b//]6d} ;xh ?kdf /;fogLs dn lsGg kfOg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{'kg]{, u'0f:t/lxg ljpljhg tyf la;flbx? ahf/df lalqm ljt/0f eO/x]sf]n] ahf/ cg'udg u/L cfjZos sfjf{xL ug{'kg]{, ls;fgx?sf] xs clwsf/sf] nflu ;+3if{/t ;+3÷;+u7gx? tyf s[lif;+u ;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L lgsfox?ljr ls;fgx?sf] ;d:ofsf] ljifodf cGt/s[ofTds 5nkmn u/fO{ ls;fgsf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{'kg]{ tyf pTkflbt a:t'x?sf] d'No lgwf{/0f ug{'kg]{ nufotsf dfux? ;d]l6Psf 5g\ .

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>LdtLnfO{ ufpn F ]x?n] kmsfP . xb'Ffxb'Ff d ;f]emf] nf]Ug] 5f8]/ >LdtL kf]O{n uO{g\ .

5f]/L afr F ]sf] eP clxn] @! jif{sL x'lGyg\ . 5f]/L d/]sf] ^÷& jif{;Dd klg csf{] ;Gtfg geP kl5 >LdtLn] 5f8]/ uPsL lyO{g\ . d / d]/f] ljifodf w]/} s'/f u/]/ pgnfO{ daf6 5'6fP/ nu] . w]/} 6f9f uPsf] eP klg dgn] dfGYof] . kNnf] ufpdFf uP/ d]/f] x'd{t lnO{g\ . klxn] klxn] >LdtL n}hfg];Fu hf/ lng] rng lyof] . d]/f] cfv F } cuf8L d]/f] >LdtL csf{]n] lnP/ uof] . ;uF} c+ufnf] /fv]/ lx8\of] . Ps jif{ klg gk'Ub} aRrf hGdfof] . d x]/]sf] x]¥o} ePF . To;kl5 d PSn} k/] . slxn] s;sf] sfd u/]/ lbgx? ljTg yfNof] t slxn] s;sf] sfd u/]/ . hLjgdf ;w} ;fyLsf] dx;'; u/]+ . PSn} /f]PF . s/fPF . lrRofPF . /S;LnfO{ ;fyL agfPF . t/ klg d}n] slxNo} ;'v / hLjg ;fyL k|fKt ug{ ;lsgF . dfof ug{] afj' cfdf klg gePsf] 6'x'/f]nfO{ s;n] kTofpg] < km]/L af]Ng klg Tolt /fd|f] ;lSbg . dg leqsf] kL8f dg leq} /fv]/ a;]sf] !@ jif{ kl5 dfq} pgL;yF e]6 eof] . x/]s e]6 lj5f]8 efUosf] n]vfGt /x]5 . dfG5]n] rfx]/ dfq} s]lx gx'g] /x]5 . $) jlif{of pgL klg ;fdfGo kl/jf/sL lyO{g\ . s v ;d]t lrGg g;Sg] xfdL b'a} hgf p:t} 5f}+ . af]nL k|:6 5}g . tf]t] af]nL ePsL 5f]/LnfO{ s;}n] ljjfx ub{}gg\ xf]nf eg]/ a'afn] b'O{ efO{ 5f]/f ;/x} c+z lbP/ /flvlbPsf /x]5g\ . afa' k/nf]s eP . bfh'x?n] ;DklQdf cfv F f nufP . lqz'nL 3/ ePsf] s]6f vf]h]/ dlGb/df /fv]/ l;Gb'/ xfnL k7fO{ lbP . pgsf] gfddf ePsf] ;DklQ bfh'x?n] cfˆgf] gfddf /fv] . ptf lqz'nLsf] nf]Ug]sf] t]>f] ljjfx /x]5 . ;w} hf8F vfg], s'6\g] ug{ yfNof] . b'O{ >LdtLx? p;sf] Aojxf/ ;xg g;s]/ eflu;s]sf /x]5g\ . sf]lx >Ldfg\ ;f]emf] eof] eg] >LdtLx?n] 5f8\g] /x]5g\ sf]lx >Ldfg\ abdf; eof] eg] >LdtLx?n] 5f8\g] /x]5g\ . s;/L ldnfpg] xf]nf < s:tf >Ldfg\ rflFx >Ldltsf nflu cfjZos xf]nfg\ . aNntNn pgsf]] sf]vaf6 5f]/L hlGdPsf]

/x]5 . Tof] klg si6sf ;fy . w]/} /ft /xbFf klg s;}n] pgsf] b'Mv ;'g]gg\ . cfz F ' a'em]g . s]lx jif{ cl3 dfO{t cfP kl5 kmlsb{F} kmls{g5g\ pgL . 5f]/L dfO{tdf al;/x]sL lyO{g\ . dfdfx?n] kfNg' k5{ eg]/ hj{hl:t k'¥ofO{ lbP . 5f]/L ptf PSn} /f]P/ al;/x]sL l5g . j]n'sf ;w} aflx/ lgsfn]/ 9f]sf nufp5Fg /] . sf/0f p;n] km]/L csf{] >Ldlt NofP5 .

To;sf/0f dfO{tdf klg l6Sg g;Sg], 3/ klg hfg g;Sg] To:t} >Ldfg\sf] vf]hLdf lyO{g\ . eujfgn] ltdL cf6F d k'¥ofp5F' eGg] pvfg b'j}df nfu' eof] . b'j} hgf hLjg ;fyLsf] vf]hLdf lyof}+ . r}qsf] clGtddf e]6 eof] . b'a} hgf efUof}+ / ljjfx u¥of}+ . clxn] b'j} ;'vL hLjg ljtfpg b'v u/L u/L cfgGbn] sfd ul//x]sf 5f}+ . xfd|f] k|]d, ;+3{if / kL8faf6 of}jgdf dfq} ug{] k|]dnfO{ unt ;fljt ul/lbPsf] 5 . k|]d cfjZostfn] dx;'; x'g] xf] . k|]d b'v e'nfpg] af6f] xf] . eljZosf] af6f] xf] . hLjg lhpg] cfwf/ xf] . o;sf] unt AofVof / b'?kof]u xb'Ff Hofg klg hfG5 xf]nf t/ d eG5' hLjg lhpg] k|d'v /fhdfu{ k|]d xf] . eujfgn] xfd|f] k'sf/f ;'Gg' eof] xf]nf . ;Dejt of] hLjg / ef]ufO{ ca slxNo} 6'6\g] 5}g . To;}n] xfdL eG5f} ;To k|]d / efjgfnfO{ eujfgn] km};nf ug{' x'G5 .

5}+6Lsf] lbg efjLn] n]v]sf] s'/f h;/L klg k'/f x'G5 . k|]dsf nflu pd]/, ;do, cj:yfn] s]lx ub}{g . efjgf / k|]d slt a]nf k|s6 x'G5 kQf] xb'F}g . v'zL / ;'vL hLjgsf nflu h] 5 To;d} ;Gt'i6 x'g hfGg' xf] . ;sf/fTds ;f]r xf] . h'g cfhsf dfG5]x?df sdL 5 . dlGbsf] cj:yfdf klg hLjg hLpg ;fysf] vf]hL / k|of;df xfdL c? dfG5] eGbf w]/} v'zL 5f}+ . w]/} s'/fsf] cefj xf]nf t/ cfgGbdo hLjg 5 .

;fg] ldhf/

agk]f, sfe]| -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]n'sf * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

uhn lalrq /fHo b]Vg] OR5f eP d]/f] b]z wfpg'xf];\ ¿vdf k};f …cfOkmn]Ú 38L cd]l/sf cfpg'xf];\ g :jfdL luGtL g k|]dsf] e/ v'a uf]klgotf t/ sDKo'6/ >d lg:kIf sd{ 3'; hlt Vjfpg'xf];\ ;]tf / kx]nf sfnf / v}/f /Ësf 5g\ ljljwtf dg} b'v] lg d':s'/fpg} kg]{ k|]d of] kfpg'xf];\ uLt ufpg g t :j/ aGg' k5{ tfndf ukm u/ k};} l6Kg] eP o:tf ufO{g] ;Fu uLt ufpg'xf];\ c;L–gAas ] L a4 [ f rnfplF5g ;f7L km6"] 6n ]« /\ oxfF tg\ kfsf] eP lg 5}g dg a'9f] u} dfof nfpg'xf];\ r/g jhufO{ /f]gs, elh{lgof

h]i7 gful/snfO{ vfhf ag]kf÷af}4 ljBf>d ag]kfdf Ho]i7 gful/s j8f ;ldlt / af}4 a[4f>dsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ * af6 cfpg' ePsf Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] ;Ddfgdf cfof]lht ;fd'lxs vfhf vfg] / :jf:Yo k/LIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

Ho]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf l;lWbaxfb'/ sdf{rfo{, pkfWoIf lq/Tg /lhtsf/, afudtL k|b]z tyf lhNnf ;+3sf ;b:o /d]zsfhL >]i7, Ho]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3 sfe|]sf sf]iffWoIf tyf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ * sf ;Nnfxsf/ b} j 1/fh sfo:y, ag] k f gu/kflnsf j8f g+ * Ho]i7 gful/s j8f g+ * sf] ;ldltsf cWoIf tyf lhNnf ;+3 sfe|]sf] ;b:o /]zdnfn >]i7, lhNnf ;b:o k'gdfof sdf{rfo{ nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . e]63f6 sfo{qmddf $@ hgf Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

kgf}tLsf] /dfO{nf] d]nf ;DkGg kgf} t L÷Hof k' l Gx hfqfsf] cj;/df h]7 !% b]vL @& ;Dd ;~rfng ul/Psf] kgf}tL /dfO{nf] d]nf ut zlgaf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ddtf s]Gb| g]kfnsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] pQm d]nfdf $) xhf/n] cjnf]sf]g u/]sf] s]Gb|sf cWoIf ;+ud nfdfn] atfpg' eof] . nfdfn] kgf}tLsf] ljBfnox?sf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljz]if 5'6 / k'0o dfljnfO{ / h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ lgMz'Ns cjnf]sg u/fO{Psf] atfpg' eof] . d]nfdf aRrfx?n] v]Ng], /f]6] lkË, ljleGg v]n ;fdu|Lx? /x]sf] lyof] . pQm ;+:yfn] bz}, ltxf/, ljleGg kj{x?df ljleGg 7fFpdf uP/ d]nf ub}{ cfPsf] nfdfn] atfpg' eof] .

gj/Tgdf ;+:s[lt / ;Dkbf gfds lrqsnf k|ltof]lutf kgf}tL÷kgf}tL j8f gDa/ & sf] aflif{s sfo{of]hgf cGtu{t gj/Tg c+u|]hL df=lj=df ;+rflnt gj/Tg afn ;d"xåf/f cGt/ afn ;d"x :tl/o lrqsnf k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . !% j6f afn ;d"xsf #^ hgf afnaflnsfn] ;xeflutf hgfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf j8f gDj/ & sf cWoIf ;ljg tfd|fsf/sf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] eg] lg0ff{osdf kgf}tLsf al/i7 lrqsf/ g/]z ;}+h' /xg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;¿ b]pnf, tfl/0fL b'jfn tyf Zofd s'df/ a:g]t / afnd}qL ;xhstf{ lutf ltdlN;gf nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;efklt cWoIf >[b]z >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf p¢3f]if0f ;x–;lrj k|lj0ff bfxfnn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . …xfd|f] ;F:s[tL / ;DkbfÚ

gfds k| l tof] l utfdf hnljgfos afn;d" x sf ;dy{ :ofpnf, k' 0 o df=lj=afn ;d"xsf cg's'df/L ef]ng, ;"of{]bo afn;d"xsf ul/df nfdf / gj/Tg afn ;d"xsf ;'lgt wfFh', ;fy} e›sfnL afn ;d"xsf >[lgt k;5]+ / gj /Tg afn

;d"xsf zfGtL tfdfË pTs[i6 ePsf lyP . ;xefuLnfO{ k|df0f kq / pTs[i6 :yfg tyf pTs[i6 ;xefuL :yfg k|fKt ug{]nfO{ k|df0f kq, 6«lkm tyf d]8n ljt/0f ul/Psf] ;x k|wfgfWofks tyf ljBfno afnd}qL lzIfs ;[hg k;+If]n] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

-@)*) h]7 #@–c;f/ ^_

c;f/ # ut] cGt/f{li6«o a'af lbj;, ^ ut] ljZj of]u lbj; .

#@–% ut];Dd z/L/df ;'v k|flKt, k/fqmd k|flKt, cfsl:ds wgnfe x'g]5, a'waf/ eg] cfkmGt;Fu j}/efj j[l4 x'g ;Snf . dGq M qmL+ qmL+ qmL+ ç . #@–% ut];Dd u'?ju{af6 ;'v k|flKt, sfo{df ;kmntf k|flKt, Jofkf/af6 dg1 wg k|flKt x'g]5, a'waf/ dgdf lvGgtf /xnf . dGq M ç u+ u0fkto gdM. #@–% ut];Dd cWoog cWofkgdf ?lr j[l4, 3/df ;'v k|flKt, ld7fld7f k|]djftf{ nfe x'g]5, a'waf/ eg] ckh; ;xg'knf{ . dGqM ç g[+ g/l;+xfo gdM.

j[if

sGof

ds/

cfh ;do ljk/Lt x'Fbf rf]6k6ssf] eo /x]sf] 5, afFsL lbgdf /f]uaf6 d'lQm, af]nLsf] k|efj j[l4, cw'/f sfo{ ;kmn /xnf . dGq M ç /f]ud'Qm qmL+ km6\ M. cfh d[To't'No si6 cfOkg{] x'Fbf ;hu /xg'xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf df+ulns sfo{df ;xeflutf, hflu/df ;Ddfg ;fy} ldq ;xof]u ldNg]5 . dGq M ç gdf] gf/fo0ffo . cfh k]6df ljsf/, lgb|fdf c;'ljwf cfpg ;Snf, afFsL lbgdf kfl/jf/Ls ;'v k|flKt, dfg kb P]Zjo{ k|flKt, dgdf pT;fx a9\g]5 . dGq M ç qmL+ sfNo} gdM.

wg cfudgsf] gofF af6f] ldy'g j[l4 x'g]5,cfh !–@ ut];Dd ;dfhdf ckdfg

#@–@ ut;]Dd k/"} /fHoaf6 ;v ' ss{6 kf|lKt, pkxf/ cflb j:t' kf|lKt xg'5], #–%

cfh ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|flKt x'g]5, !–@ ut];Dd /f]u / zq' j[l4 x'g]5g\, afFsL lbgdf OlR5t sfo{df l;l4, efUof]bosf] ;do /x]sf] 5 . dGq M ç e+ e+ e}/jfo gdM.

ut;]Dd zq' a9n \ fg\ eg] aw'af/ ldi7fGg efh ] g kf|lKt xg'5] . dGq M ç gdM lzjfo . #@–@ut];Dd zq'efj j[lZrs ldqdf kl/0ft, jfxg ;'v k|flKt x'g]5, #–% ut];Dd em'6f cf/f]k cfpnf, a'waf/ gljg sfo{ x'g]5 . dGq M ç zq'bdgfo km6\ .

xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf dg k|zGg /xg]5 . dGq M ç lx/0ouef{o gdM .

t'nf

s'De

cfh ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'g]5, !–@ ut];Dd lgb|fdf c;'ljwf cfpg ;Snf, afFsL lbgdf nfdf] ofqfsf] of]u, zq' gfz xf]nfg\ . dGq M ç u'?b]jfo gdM.

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

#@–@ ut];Dd af]nLsf] k|efj

dLg a9\g]5, bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt x'g]5, #–% ut];Dd ;dfhdf ckdfg /xnf, a'waf/ ;Gtfgaf6 ;'v ldNg]5 . dGq M ç /fdfo gdM.

* lzIfs lxt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, ag]kf–*, sfe|] shf{ r'Qmf ug{] ;DaGwL ;"rgf

r]i6f ;fKtflxs Quality Assurance and Accrediation (QAA) k|fKt

t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SoFDk; kgf}tL, sfe|]knf~rf]s

lzIfs lxt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] ;+rfns ;ldlt, C0f pk;ldlt tyf ;Nnfxsf/x? ;d]tsf] ldlt @)&(.!!.!# sf] ;+o'Qm a}7ssf] lg0f{ocg';f/ o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfaf6 xfn;Dd ljleGg ;dodf ;fd"lxs hdfgL tyf lwtf] hdfgLdf C0f lnO{ C0fsf] ;fFjf -ls:tf_ tyf Jofh a'emfpg] efvf gf3]sf ;Dk"0f{ C0fL ;b:ox?nfO{ clanDa o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf jf kbflwsf/Lx? tyf sd{rf/Lx?;Fu ;Dks{ u/L cf–cfkm\gf] C0f ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ @)*) c;f/ d;fGtleq lgoldt ug{ of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . pQm ldltleq C0f sf/f]af/ lgoldt gug{] C0fLx?sf] gfdfjnL;lxtsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/ sfg"gL pkrf/tkm{ hfg afWo x'g] Joxf]/f;d]t ;"lrt ul/G5 . ;Dks{ M )!!–^^!$*%

pRr lzIffsf] If]qdf cu|0fL :yfg cf]u6\g ;kmn kgf}tL–*, l:yt t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;df

;+rflnt sfo{qmd

M.B.S. M.E.d.

4 Years - English & B.B.S. Nepali Medium

B.Ed. B.A. 10+2 Education & Humanities

/]lah /f]uaf6 aRg af}nfxf s's'/ b]lv ;hu /xf}+ .

4 Years - Sociology & Rural Development

Management

kmf]g g+= )!!–$$))@*, $$!$&&, (*$!#))*)*, (*%!!&%^##

:jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]

Email: tmcpanauti@gmail.com

:jf:Yo dGqfno :jf:Yo lgb]{zgfno

lhNnf cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo s]Gb|

rf/bf]af6f], ag]kf, sfe|]

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

o; c:ktfnsf nflu b]xfoadf]lhdsf sd{rf/Lx? cfjZos ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's of]Uotf k'u]sf g]kfnL gful/sx?n] t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . != kb M d]l8sn clkm;/ -kf6{6fO{d÷km'n6fO{d_ ;+Vof M ! @= kb M x]Ny cl;:6]G6 -kf6{6fO{d÷km'n6fO{d_ ;+Vof M ! k'gZr M d]l8sn clkm;/ / x]Ny cl;:6]G6 b'j}n] km'n 6fO{d g} sfo{ ug{'kg{]5 .

;Dks{ M (*%!)&@#%(

!% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt @)*).@.#@ o; ;+:yfaf6 tklzndf pNn]lvt C0fLn] ljleGg shf{ lzif{s cGtu{t shf{ lnO{ Aofh tyf ;fFjf aSof}tf a;]sf]n] k6s k6s lgh C0fLnfO{ lnlvt tyf df}lvs ?kdf ;Dks{ u/L o; ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] shf{sf] ;f+jf, Aofh, xhf{gf / lanDa z'Ns cflbsf] afFsL aSof}tf /sd ltg{ a'emfpg cfpg' xf]nf elg cg'/f]w ubf{ a]jf:tf u/L a;]sf]n] lgh C0fLn] o; ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] shf{sf] afFsL aSof}tf /sd o; ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 /f]Ssf /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt rn crn ;Dklt lnnfd laqmL u/L c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ ePs]fn] !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt u/LPsf] 5 . of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq o; ;+:yfdf pkl:yt e} afFsL aSof}tf /sd ltg{ a'emfpg jf lt/L a'emfO{ ;s]sf] eP ;f] sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg' xf]nf . cGoyf ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ / ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&% sf] lgod adf]lhd o; ;+:yfn] C0fL tyf wghdfgL lbg]sf] gfd ;d]t shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug]{ nufot C0f c;'n pk/ u/L lngsf] nflu cGo sfg'gL sf/jfxLx? ;d]t canDag ug]{ / ;fy} o; ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 /f]Ssf /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt crn ;Dklt lnnfd lals| u/L c;'n pk/ u/Lg] Aoxf]/f ;DalGwt C0fL nufot ;DalGwt ;a}sf]] nflu of] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt u/LPsf] 5 .

C0fLsf] gfd

afudtL k|b]z ;/sf/

s[i0fk|;fb c:ktfn

d~h'>L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, ag]kf–*, sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!–^^)^#%

sf]/f]gfaf6 aRg clgjfo{ dfS; nufpg] u/f}+ .

4 Years - English, Nepali, Maths Population

jif{ @( c+s ## @)*) h]7 #@ ut] ljxLjf/

C0fLsf] kmf]6f]

JolQmut hdfgstf{x?sf] ljj/0f

gfd M cf]dnfn >]i7 a'af M k'0onfn >]i7 afh] M uf]s'nnfn >]i7 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n–*, >Lv08k'/ gf=k|=g+= M (@**) gfd M ;fljqL >]i7 ;;'/f M k'0onfn >]i7 klt M cf]dnfn >]i7 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n–*, >Lv08k'/ gf=k|=g+= M !$!)&$ gfd M /+hg h:kfpm a'af M zflGt/fh h:kfpm afh] M >Ls[i0f axfb'/ h:kfpm

gfd M ;fljqL >]i7 ;;'/f M k'0onfn >]i7 klt cf]dnfn >]i7 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n–*, >Lv08k'/ gf=k|=g+= M !$!)&$ gfd M cf]dnfn >]i7 a'af M k'0onfn >]i7 afh] M uf]s'nnfn >]i7 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n–*, >Lv08k'/ gf=k|=g+= M (@**) gfd M ljgo h:kfpm 7]ufgf M ag]kf–!!, sfe|]

gfd M ldgf vqL klt M lbg]z zfxL ;;'/f M k|]daxfb'/ zfxL xfnM ag]kf–!!, hgfufn

gfd M lbk]Gb| vqL 7]ufgf M ag]kf–!!, sfe|]

hdfgLsf] kmf]6f]

ag]kf, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

pknAw ;]jfx? M– 4alx/ª\u ;]jf cGtu{t lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo pkrf/ tyf k/fdz{ 4ljleGg @# k|sf/sf cf}iflwx¿sf] lgMz'Ns ljt/0f 4 ;z'Ns kmfd]{;L 4Ho]i7 gful/s :jf:Yo k|jw{g 4dft[lzz' :jf:Yo k|jw{g 4k~rsd{ cGtu{t k"j{sd{ ;]jf 4k|of]uzfnf k/LIf0f 4cfo'j]{bn] lgb]{z u/]sf] hLjgz}nL ;DaGwL k/fdz{ 4of]u cGtu{t cf;g, k|f0ffofd tyf Wofg ;DaGwL k/fdz{

yfxf kfO/fVg'kg{] s'/fx? cdof{lbt ¿kdf ;8sk]6Ldf, rf]sdf jf ;fOsndf /fv]sf, emf]n] Jofkf/L;Fu tyf lj1fkg ahfpFb} lxF8]sfx¿;Fu cfo'j]{bsf] gfd lnO{ lalqm ul/Psf cf}ifwL lsg]/ hyfefjL ;]jg gu/f}+ . dfGotfk|fKt cfo'j]{b lrlsT;s tyf :jf:YosdL{;Fu k/fdz{ lnP/ dfq cfo'j]{b cf}+iflw ;]jg ug]{ afgL a;fnf}+ . cGoyf :jf:Yodf xfgL klg x'g ;Sb5 . o;sf nflu cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo s]G› h:tf cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿df ;Dks{ /fVg] afgL u/f}+ .

lhNnf cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo s]Gb|, ag]kf

lhNnf cfo'{j]b :jf:Yo s]Gb| hfg] af6f] rf/bf]af6f]

{ dfu

r08]Zj /L

kmf]gM )!!–^^@!#$, df]afOnM (*%!@)&!#$ Od]nM p3mosd.dahckavre@gmail.com

lhNnf cfo'{j]b :jf:Yo s]Gb| ejg

{ O f w a s { xflb g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf ;'/s[i0f j}B g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{sf] ul/dfdo ;+rfns ;b:o kbdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

k'?iff]Qd sdf{rfo{ cWoIf tyf

kgf}tL ko{6g ljsf; s]Gb| kl/jf/ kgf}tL, sfe|]

ag]kf–*, sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!(()

shf{ r'Qmf ;DalGw !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt @)*).)@.#@

o; ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg lzif{sdf C0f lng'ePsf C0fL ;b:ox?n] shf{ ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ tyf tflnsf cg';f/ a'emfpg'kg{] Jofh tyf ls:tf /sd tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlw ;lsP/ xfn;Dd klg ;+:yfn] af/Daf/ df}lvs, lnlvt tyf cGo ;|f]t ;fwgx?af6 cg'/f]w u/L k6s k6s tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t afFsL /x]sf] shf{, Jofh /sd e'QmfgL ug{ gcfPsf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw|_ lbg leq klg ;Dk"0f{ shf{ /sd -;fFjf, Jofh / xhf{gf Jofh cflb ;d]t_ sf] lx;fa ldnfg ug{ gcfO{ cfn6fn ul/ a;]df C0fLsf] tyf C0f lnFbf a:g] wg hdfgL÷;fIfLx?sf] kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] tLgk':t] gfdfjnL kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ul/ sfg'gL sf/jfxL k|lqmof cl3 a9fpg] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] v08df oxfFx?sf] OHht, dfg, k|lti7fdf s'g} c;/ kg{ uPsf] v08df ;+:yf hjfkmb]lx gx'g] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgf dfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

>L ;'nIf0f art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, ag]kf–*, sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!–^^)@@$ C0fLx?nfO{ shf{ /sd e'QmfgL ug{] ;DaGwL !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf o; ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg lzif{sdf C0f lng'ePsf C0fL ;b:ox?n] shf{ ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ tyf tflnsf cg';f/ a'emfpg'kg{] Jofh tyf ls:tf /sd tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlw ;lsP/ xfn;Dd klg ;+:yfn] af/Daf/ df}lvs, lnlvt tyf cGo ;|f]t ;fwgx?af6 cg'/f]w u/L k6s k6s tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t afFsL /x]sf] shf{, Jofh /sd e'QmfgL ug{ gcfPsf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw|_ lbg leq klg ;Dk"0f{ shf{ /sd -;fFjf, Jofh / xhf{gf Jofh cflb ;d]t_ sf] lx;fa ldnfg ug{ gcfO{ cfn6fn ul/ a;]df C0fLsf] tyf C0f lnFbf a:g] wg hdfgL÷;fIfLx?sf] kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] tLgk':t] gfdfjnL kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ul/ sfg'gL sf/jfxL k|lqmof cl3 a9fpg] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] v08df oxfFx?sf] OHht, dfg, k|lti7fdf s'g} c;/ kg{ uPsf] v08df ;+:yf hjfkmb]lx gx'g] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgf dfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .