Year 32

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CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @* c+s #@ @)&( h]7 !( ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 2 June 2022) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$@, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h !) www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

w'lnv]n÷cfˆg} a'afnfO{ v's'/L k|xf/ u/L xTof ug{] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ;fljs a'9fvfgL uflj; % xfn dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf $ sf @^ alif{o lrqaxfb'/ eGg] ;lGbk t'lD;Í du/n] %@ k|ltzt / l5d]sL dlxnfnfO{ aGr/f] k|xf/ u/L xTof ug{] dflemkm]bf * uflj; xfn rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ # 3/

ePsf o'js /]zd tfdfª kflv|g u0ftGq lbj;sf] cj;/df $! k|ltzt s}b cjwL e'Qmfg u/]sf cfwf/df 5'6]sf 5g\ . du/ / kfv|Lg ;lxt lhNnf sf/fuf/ sfof{no sfe|]df s}b e'Qmfg ul//x]sf !) hgf s}bLx? u0ftGq lbj;sf] cj;/df 5'6]sf 5g\ . rfn' cfly{s jif{df ;+ljwfg lbj;sf] afFsL ( k]hdf

o;/L psfnf] nfUb} 5 dx·Lsf] e¥of· u]8fu'8Ldf k|lt s]hL !)) ?k}ofF, t]ndf ! ;o #), d;nfdf @ ;o ?k}ofF

df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf ag]kf ;/sf/n] d'Noa[l4 lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sbf dxËLsf] e¥ofª psfnf] r9]sf] 5 . sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3n] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] d'No ;"rLsf cfwf/df dfq} klg ahf/ d"No psfnf] r9]sf] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 . tLg dlxgfdf ;j{;fwf/0fn] Aoxf]g{' k/]sf] rsf{] d'Noa[l4df ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo df}g 5g\ . d'Noa[l4nfO{ ;/sf/L lgsfo / ;Qfdf /x]sf /fhgLlts bnx?n] o'qm]g / ?;sf] o'4nfO{ bf]if lbP/ plDsg vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . @)&* ;fn kmfu'g % ut] sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3n] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] pkef]Qmf b/ /]6 cg';f/ rfdn af;dtL k|lt s]hL ! ;o #% ?k}ofF sfod u/]sf] 5 . @)&( ;fn h]i7 !# ut] ;f]lx rfdnsf] d"No a9]/ ! ;o $% k'u]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] tLg dlxgfsf] aLrdf !) k6s d"No a[l4 ul/;s]sf] 5 . lgjf{rg nuQ} !) lbgsf] cjwLdf k|]6f]lnod kbfy{df @) ?k}ofF l8h]n, k]6«f]n / dl§t]ndf d"No a[l4 u/]sf] 5 eg] UofF;df k|lt l;ln08/ @ ;o ?k}ofF a[l4 u/]sf] 5 . l5§} d"No a[l4 ug{] u/L ePsf] tof/Ln] ;j{;fwf/0f ctflnPsf 5g\ . ah]6 efif0f kl5 ahf/ emg} dxËf] ePsf] ;j{;fwf/0fn] atfPsf 5g\ . nf]sn kf]v/]nL rfdn k|lt s]hL ! ;o !) ?k}ofFaf6 ! ;o %) k'u]sf] 5 . lrp/f t/fO{ 6fO{lrg &) ?k}ofF k|lt s]hLaf6 &% k'u]sf] 5 .

bfn d';'/f] 7'nf] ! ;o ^) ?k}ofF k|lt s]hLaf6 ! ;o ^% ?k}ofF k'u]sf] 5 . /x/ bfn ! ;o &% af6 ! ;o *) k'u]sf] 5 . pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3n] tf]s]sf] eGbf w]/} d"No ltg{' kl//x]sf] ;j{;fwf/0fn] atfPsf 5g\ . d'uL vf]:6f bfn ! ;o %% af6 ! ;o *% k'u]sf] 5 . u]8fu'8Ldf s]/f ;]tf] ! ;o !) ?k}ofFaf6 ! ;o @% k'u]sf] 5 eg] xl/of] s]/fp ! ;o $% af6 ! ;o $) df cfPsf] 5 . af]8L ! ;o %) af6 ! ;o &) k'u]sf] 5 . /fhdf l;dL ! ;o *) ?k}ofFaf6 @ ;o ?k}ofF k'u]sf] 5 . e6df; ;]tf] ! ;o @) af6 @ ;o ?k}ofF k'u]sf] 5 . u]8fu'8Ldf k|lt s]hL *) ?k}ofF;Dd dxËf] ePsf] 5 . u]8fu'8L kl5 w]/} dxËf] ePsf] d;nf / t]nhGo ;fdfu|Lsf] d'No a9]sf] 5 . e6df; t]n @ ;o $% af6 # ;o @% ?k}ofF k'u]sf] 5 . tf]/L t]n k|lt ln6/ @ ;o %) af6 # ;o $) k'u]sf] 5 . ;'o{d'vL t]n @ ;o %% af6 # ;o %) / ag:klt 3\o'sf] d'No @ ;o $) af6 # ;o %) k'u]sf] 5 . d}bf %% af6 ^), cf6f %% af6 &), lrgL () af6 ! ;o, lh/f $ ;o !) af6 $ ;o *), wlgofF @ ;o @) af6 @ ;o %) / dl/r * ;o %) af6 ! xhf/ ?k}ofF k'u]sf] 5 . o;df Aoj;foLx?n] :yfg cg';f/ km/s km/s d"No lng ;Sg]5g\ . 9'jfgLsf sf/0f d"No km/s kg{ ;Sg] ;+3n] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 . vfBfGg;Fu} ahf/df lgdf{0f ;fdfu| L , nQf sk8f / cGo ;fdfu|Lx?sf] d"No a9]sf] Aoj;foLx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .

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w' l nv] n ÷sfe| ] k nf~rf] s lhNnfdf :yfgLo txdf pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/]sf @ xhf/ $ ;o ^& dWo] ( ;o ## hgfsf] hdfgt hkmt ePsf] 5 . g]skf Pdfn] lj?4 u7jGwg u/]sf ;Qf?9 bnn] w'lnv]ndf btf{ u/fPsf] g]skf ;dfhjfbLsf k|d'v kbsf pDd]bjf/ bof;fu/ >]i7sf] ;d]t hdfgt hkmt ePsf] 5 . u7aGwgsf pDd]bjf/nfO{ Pdfn]sf pDd]bjf/n] ef/L dtn] k/flht u/]sf 5g\ . w'lnv]n gu/ k|d'vdf u7aGwgsf] tkm{af6 gu/ k|d'v kbdf pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/fPsf bof;fu/ >]i7n] snd lrGxaf6 ! xhf/ * ;o !( dt k| f Kt u/] s f lyP . w' l nv] n gu/kflnsfdf @% xhf/ ^ ;o * dtbftf dWo] !( xhf/ !( xhf/ ^ ;o ^( dt v;]sf] lyof] . v;]sf] dt dWo] ! ;o (^ dt ab/ ePsf] lyof] . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfdf Pdfn] sfe|]sf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h' bf]>f] k6s ( ;o $) km/flsnf] dtfGt/n] ljhoL x'g' ePsf] lyof] . Aof~h'n] * xhf/ # ;o $( dt k|fKt ug{' ePsf] lyof] . Aof~h'nfO{ sfFu|];af6 aflu p7]sf :jtGq pDd]bjf/ ljb'/ a:g]t & xhf/ ( ;o !) dt NofP/ lgs6s k|lt:kwL{ ag]sf lyP . w'lnv]ndf u7aGwgn] bof;fu/nfO{ dt glbO{ sfFu|];n] afuL p7fPsf a:g]tnfO{

dt /fVg lXjk nufPsf lyP . Tolx sf/0f u7aGwgsf pDd]bjf/ bof;fu/ >]i7sf] hdfgt hkmt ePsf] xf] . w'lnv]ndf (* hgf pDd]bjf/n] hdfgt u'dfPsf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf w]/} ag]kf gu/kflnsfdf ! ;o @* hgfn] hdfgt u'dfPsf 5g\ eg] kgf}tLdf ! ;o @^ hgfn] hdfgt u'dfPsf 5g\ . vfgLvf]nfdf @&, rf}/Lb]p/fnLdf $#, t]dfndf *@, gdf]a'4 ^!, kfFrvfndf ^#, a]yfGrf]df #^, e'Dn'df ^#, d08gb]pk'/df *(, dxfef/tdf #^ / /f]zLdf *! hgf pDd]bjf/n] hdfgt u'dfPsf 5g\ . lgjf{rgsf nflu @ xhf/ & ;o ## hgfn] pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/fPsf] eP klg u7jGwgsf sf/0f @ ;o ^^ hgfn] lkmtf{ u/]sf lyP . pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/]sf dWo] * ;o #$ hgfsf] hdfgt hf]luPsf] 5 . u7aGwgsf sf/0f k|lt:kwf{df efu lnPsf dWo] blnt dlxnf ;b:o @& hgf, dlxnf ;b:o #$ hgf, v'Nnf ;b:o (! hgf, j8f cWoIf (! hgf, pkk|d'v tyf pkfWoIf !) hgf / k|'dv kbdf pDd]bjf/L lbg] !# hgfn] lkmtf{ lnPsf lyP . lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf cg';f/ lhNnfsf !# hgf gu/ k|d'v tyf ufpFkflnsf cWoIfsf nflu (! hgf, !# pkk|d'v tyf pkfWoIfsf nflu %* hgf, ! ;o #% j6f j8f cWoIf kbsf nflu ^ ;o &) hgfn] pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/fPsf lyP . o;}u/L !#% afFsL @ k]hdf

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;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = = dtef/nfO{ Aojl:yt u/f}+ ;+;b\df 7"nf] bn ag]sf] g]skf Pdfn] @)&$ ;fnsf] :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf klxnf] bn ag]sf] lyof]. hlta]nf g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bnx?n] PSnf PSn} k|lt:kwf{ u/]sf lyP. g]skf Pdfn]sf] hgdt / dtef/sf cufl8 cGo /fhgLlts bnx?n] cfˆgf] k/fho ;Demg k'u]. ;Qfdf g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] bn g]skf Pdfn]af6 s]lx g]tfx? cnu eP / csf{] bn btf{ eof]. To;sf] c;/ t g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ k¥of] g} cem} ;Qfdf /x]sf bnx? Pdfn] lj?4sf] df]rf{df ;xefuL eP. slt;Dd eg] Pdfn] lj?4 j8f:t/df ;b:o kbdf ;d]t df]rf{ aGbL eof]. To;sf afah't g]skf Pdfn]n] cfkm"nfO{ zlt;fn em} pEofpg ;kmn eof]. l;6 ;+Vof sd eof]. t/ Pdfn]sf nflu k|fKt hgdt 36]g. @)&$ ;fndf g]skf Pdfn]n] ! ;o #% j8f dWo] %^ j8fdf ljho k|fKt u/]sf] lyof]. Pdfn] km'6]sf] / u7aGwgsf sf/0f Pdfn]n] dt a9fP klg l;6 ;+Vof 36fPsf] 5. k|d'v / pkk|d'v u/L !$ l;6 k|fKt u/]sf] Pdfn]n] $ l;6df lrQ a'emfpg' k/]sf] 5. $# j8fdf ljho k|fKt u/]sf] Pdfn]n] !# j8f u'dfPsf] 5. & ;o ! dWo] @ ;o $% l;6df Pdfn]n] PSn} ljho k|fKt u/]sf] 5. @)&$ df ljhoL ePsf] j8fx?df k/fho ef]u]sf] eP klg gofF j8fx?df Pdfn]n] ks8 hdfPsf] 5. s]lx s]lx :yfgdf yf]/} dtfGt/n] k/fho Aoxf]/]sf] 5 eg] s]lx txdf uf]nf k|yfaf6 ;d]t k/fho Aoxf]/]sf] 5. l6s6 ljt/0fsf sf/0f Pdfn]n] s]lx :yfgdf k/fho Aoxf]/]sf] lgZsif{ lgsfn]sf] 5. :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg @)&$ df g]skf Pdfn]n] k|d'v kbdf ^* xhf/ ^ ;o $& dt k|fKt u/]sf] lyof]. Pdfn]n] ylkPsf dtbftfx?sf] cfsif{0f a9fpFb} PSn} k|lt:kwf{ ubf{ lhNnfdf !^^)* dt a9fPsf] 5. @)&( sf] :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf Pdfn]n] *%@%% dt k|fKt u/]sf] 5. u7aGwg u/]sf g]kfnL sfFu|];, g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|, g]skf ;dfhjfbL, dw]zjfbL bnx? ;d]tsf] s'n dt lhNnfdf ! nfv ^ xhf/ @ ;o !) dt /x]sf] 5. Pdfn]sf] eGbf u7jGwgsf] dt @) xhf/ ( ;o %% dfq} w]/} 5. PSnfPSn} k|lt:kwf{ ubf{ Pdfn] lhNnfsf] klxnf] zlQm ag]sf] 5. @)&$ ;fnsf] :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf g]skf Pdfn]n] k|fKt u/]sf] s'n dt k|d'v kbdf ^* xhf/ ^ ;o $& /x]sf] lyof] eg] g]kfnL sfFu|];n] k|fKt u/]sf] s'n dt k|d'v kbdf ^# xhf/ ! ;o #( /x]sf] lyof]. To:t} g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|n] k|fKt u/]sf] s'n dt k|d'v kbdf @( xhf/ @ ;o &% /x]sf] 5. @)&( ;fndf u7aGwgsf] dt k|d'v / cWoIf kbdf ! nfv ^ xhf/ @ ;o !) dt k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ pkk|d'v / pkfWoIf kbdf (& xhf/ #( /x]sf] 5. g]skf Pdfn] PSn}n] Pdfn]sf] dt k|d'v / cWoIf kbdf *% xhf/ @ ;o %% /x]sf] 5 eg] pkk|d'v / pkfWoIf kbdf *! xhf/ & ;o # /x]sf] 5. cf;Gg cfd lgjf{rgdf klg bnx? aLr u7aGwgsf] ;Defjgf 5. u7aGwgsf sf/0f dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf z'Go x'Fb} uPsf] tkm{ bnx? ;r]t 5}gg\. g t bnsf g]tfx?n] To;sf ljifodf uDeL/tf b]vfPsf 5g\.

Pdfn] k|lt a9\b} uPsf] cfsif{0fnfO{ ;+:yfut ljsf; ul/g' h?/L 5. g]tfx?df ePsf] cx+dtf, bDe Tofu ub{} sld6Lut k|0ffnLnfO{ Aojl:yt u/L hgtfn] vf]h]sf] ljsf;k|]dL ;/sf/ u7g ug{ cf;Gg lgjf{rgdf clxn]sf q'6Lx? ;Rofpg' h?/L 5.

u7aGwgs}========================= j6f j8fdf Ps j8f bO'{ vN'nf ;b:o @&) kbsf nflu Ps xhf/ #& hgf, !#% blnt dlxnf ;b:o kbsf nflu $*& hgf / !#% hgf dlxnf ;b:osf nflu $ ;o #) hgfn] pDdb]jf/L btf{ u/fPsf] lhNnf lgjfr { g clwst[ pdz ] /fOn { ] hfgsf/L lbge'of] . sfes |] f !# j6f :yfgLo txdf kd|v ' tyf cWoIf, pkkd|v ' tyf pkfWoIf, vN'nf ;b:o, dlxnf ;b:o / blnt dlxnf ;b:o u/L & ;o ! j6f kbdf lgjfr { g ePsf] lyof] . vfgLvfn ] f ufpkFflnsfdf ! ;o !! hgf, rf/}Lbp]/fnL ufpkFflnsfdf ! ;o (# hgf, td]fn ufpkFflnsfdf @ ;o $ hgf, wl'nvn ] gu/kflnsfdf @ ;o #& hgf, gdfa]4 ' gu/kflnsfdf @ ;o @* hgf, kgft}L gu/kflnsfdf @ ;o ^* hgfn] pDdb]jf/L btf{ u/fPsf 5g\ . o;u}/L lhNnfsf] kfr F vfn gu/kflnsfdf @ ;o $! hgf, agk]f gu/kflnsfdf # ;o !^ hgf, ay]fgrfs ] ufpkFflnsfdf ! ;o $% hgf, eD'n' ufpkFflnsfdf ! ;o (# hgf, d08gbp]k/' gu/kflnsfdf @ ;o &^ hgf, dxfef/t ufpkFflnsfdf ! ;o @^ hgf / /fz ] L ufpkFflnsfdf @ ;o #% hgfn] pDdb]jf/L btf{ u/fPsf lyP . lgjf{rgaf6 u7aGwgsf] tkm{af6 pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/]sf !# j6f kflnsfsf] @^ kb dWo] @@ kbdf ljho xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ eg] Pdfn] PSn}n] $ l;6 k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . u7aGwgsf tkm{af6 sfFu|];n] $ k|d'v # cWoIf, @ pkk|d'v / $ pkfWoIfdf ljho k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . sfFu|];n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ kfFrvfndf pkk|d'vdf c;xof]u u/]/ k/fho u/fPsf] 5 eg] ag]kf, w'lnv]n, kgf}tLdf ;dfhjfbLnfO{ c;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . To:t} dfcf]jfbLn] $ j6f kflnsfdf cWoIf / Ps kflnsfdf pkk|d'v ;lxt # j6f kflnsfdf pkfWoIf ljhoL ePsf] 5 . ;dfhjfbLn] Pp6f kflnsfdf k|d'v dfq} k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . g]skf Pdfn] w'lnv]ndf k|d'v ;lxt ag]kf, kgf}tL / kfFrvfndf pkk|d'v kbdf ljhoL ePsf] 5 . $# j6f j8f ;lxt @ ;o $% l;6df Pdfn], ^) j8f cWoIf ;lxt # ;o !$ kbdf g]kfnL sfFu|];, @% j8f cWoIf ;lxt ! ;o !@ kbdf dfcf]jfbL / $ j8f cWoIf ;lxt @! kbdf ;dfhjfbL ljhoL ePsf 5g\ . /fk|kf !, :jtGq & hgfn] ljhoL xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ . sfe|]df & ;o ! dWo] t]dfn # df blnt ;b:o gePsfn] & ;o hgk|ltlglw lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ .

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;/sf/n] zflGt k"0f{ eg]sf] :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgsf] lbg lhNnfdf & j6f 36gf eP . k|ef pRr dflj sflQs]b]p/fnLdf ;Qf lgs6 /fhgLlts bnsf sfo{stf{n] b'O{j6f vfnL dtk]l6sfsf] afs; w'nf] x'g] u/L km'6fP . nuQ} Pdfn]sf sfo{stf{nfO{ cfqmd0f u/] .

Psf3/sf AolQmsf] dtbfg ug{] ;Gb{edf ePsf] ljjfbn] pu| ?k lnFbf sd{rf/L ;d]t s'l6P . ;'/Iff lgsfos} cuf8L sd{rf/L / cGo AolQm s'l6Fbf ;'/IffsdL{n] s;}nfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnPg .

Ps hgf AolQmsf] dtbfgsf nflu !# hgf dtbfg sIfdf k'Ubf ;d]t ;'/Iff lgsfon] /f]Sg ;s]g . t/ klg ;/sf/ elg/x]sf] 5 lgjf{rg zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lhNnfs} csf{] 36gf sf]lzb]vfdf eof] . hxfF g]kfnL sfFu|];sf sfo{stf{x?n] ;'lgof]lht ?kdf sd{rf/Ln] wfFwnL ug{ vf]h] eGb} dtkq n'6]/ ljBfnosf] kmlg{r/ ;d]t km'6fP . pQm 36gfsf bf]lifnfO{ klg ;'/Iff lgsfon] lgoGq0fdf lng rfx]g . sf]lzkf/Ldf ^ 306f kl5 dtbfg ;"rf? eof] . /ftsf] ! ah] sd{rf/Lx? dtbfg ;DkGg u/]/ kmls{P . Tolx kfFrvfnsf] sf]lzb]vfdf k|zf;gn] lgjf{rg /f]Sg] lg0f{o u¥of] . ;Qfsf] r/d b'?kof]u u/L u7jGwg lgs6 /fhgLlts bnx?n] r'gfjdf wfFwnL u/] . vfgLvf]nf j8f gDj/ # df Ps} AolQmn] kfFr dt v;fP . d/]sf], ljb]z uPsf] / g]kfnd} eP/ klg cg'kl:yt /x]sf AolQmx?sf] gfddf dtbfg u/]/ dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| / ;Qf lgs6 bnx?n] k|zf;gsf] r/d b'?kof]u u/] . v'n]cfd rf/j6f ef]6 d}n] /fv]/ cfP eGg] AolQmnfO{ klg k|zf;gn] sf/jfxL u/]g . g t sd{rf/Lx?n] g} /f]s] . g]skf Pdfn]sf k|ltlglwx?n] lnlvt ph'/L lbFbf ;d]t To;sf] lgoGq0f ePg . t]dfndf k|x/Ln] xjfO{ kmfo/ g} u¥of] . t/ klg k|x/Ln] s;}nfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnPg . tLgj6f :yfgdf ePsf 36gfdf k|x/Ln] cg';Gwfg klg u/]g . of] k6s lgjf{rgdf ePsf 36gfnfO{ ;fdfGo lnPsf] k|zf;gn] cfpFbf] lgjf{rgdf dtbftfx?nfO{ ;'/lIft agfpg s;/L ;Dej 5 < h:tf 36gf eP klg sf/jfxL s;}nfO{ gx'g] eP klg 36gfdf ;+nUgx?sf] dgf]an sdhf]/ x'G5 ls a9\5 < gful/sx?n] k|Zg k|zf;gnfO{ t]:of{Psf 5g\ . k|zf;gn] lgjf{rg zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf ;DkGg ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf]df ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'v Pj+ k|ltlglwx?nfO{ k|z+zfkqåf/f ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 .

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;dembf/L, ;xcl:tTj / ;xsfo{, :yfgLo tx lgjf{rgsf] dtfb]z s]zj yfkf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] s/La b'OltxfO{ glhssf] ;/sf/ bnsf] cfGtl/s åGbsf] sf/0f b'Ok6s ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] lj36g;Fu} g]=s=kf= Pdfn]_ k|ltkIf aGg k'Uof] . To;}sf] ;xf]Tkbfgsf] ?kdf PsLs[t ePsf b'Oj6f bn b"ef{Uojz sfnfGt/df tLg 6'qmfdf ljeflht x'gk'u] . bnleq} ;dfwfg x'g'kg{] lgtfGt k|fljlws ljifonfO{ vf]r] yfk]/ ePsf] ljefhgnfO{ k'li6 ug{ l;4fGt, ljrf/, bz{g / tYosf] ;xfotf glnP/ g]tfx?n] kfF8]ufnLsf] ;xfotf lng yfn] . kfF8]z}nLsf] cf/f]k k|Tof/f]ksf] sf/0f bnx? / g]tfx?sf] b"/L xb;Dd a9\of] . sltko g]tfsf] /fhgLlts sb klg 36\g k'Uof] . ljt[i0ffn] el/P/ ;j{;fw/0f sDo'lgi6x? h'6\g xf]Og km'6\gdfq hfGbf/x]5g\ eGg] cj:yfdf k'Uf] . /fhgLltn] ;dfwfg ug{'kg{] ljjfbsf] lg/fs/0fsf] nflu cbfnt tD;g'kg{] cj:yf cfof] . hgdtn] tof/ ePsf] /fhgLlts ;Gt'ng elTsP/ k6Ss} :jefljs gb]lvg] 7aGwg;lxtsf] sdhf]/ ;QfkIfsf] pbo x'g k'Uof] . oxL l;nl;nfdf ;+3Lo ;+;bdf ;QfkIf / k|ltkIfaLrsf] sltko ljjfbsf] lg?k0f gx'Fb} sfg"g adf]lhd ;DkGg ug{'kg{] :yfgLo txsf] bf];|f] lgjf{rg ;DkGg eof] . lgjf{rgkl5 bnx?n] ck]lIft÷cgk]lIft glthf a] x f] g { jfWo x' g ' k ¥of] . g]tfx?aLrsf] c;lxi0f'tf, a]d]n / afkj}/Lsf] af/] dtbftfx? Hflgkmsf/ g} ePklg pgLx?n] clwsf+z :yfgLo txdf u7aGwg;lxt jf /xLtsf] bnnfO{ k|d'v jf pkk|d'vdf / csf]{ bnsf] pDd]bjf/nfO{ pkk|d'v jf k|d'v kbdf ljho u/fP . o; lsl;dsf] ldl>t kl/0ffdsf] g]kYosf] sf/0f vf]hLsf] ljifo eP klg clxn]sf] hgdtn] bnx?nfO{ ;xdlt, ;xsfo{ / ;dembf/Lsf ;fy cl3 a9\g ;ª\s]t u/]sf]5 . hgfb]znfO{ j]jf:tf u/]/ gjlgjf{lrt k|d'v÷pkk|d'vn] Ps};fy Pp6} ;df/f]xsfaLr ;ky u|x0f gu/]/ k|f/Dedf g} lgif]wsf] dfu{tkm{ pBt e} hgfb]zsf] cjd"Nog ug{ vf]h] h:tf] b]lvG5 . tf]lsPsf] sfg"gL Joj:yf tyf dtbftfn] dtbfgdfkm{ t lbPsf] hgfb]z;d]tsf] cfwf/df lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/Lx?n] Psn] csf{sf] cl:tTj c:jLsf/ u/]/ cl3 a9\g] s'g} 5'6 5}g . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@ sf] k|:tfjgf v08n] g]kfnsf] ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s, ax';f+:s[lts tyf ef}uf]lns ljljwtfo'Qm ljz]iftfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/L ljljwtfaLrsf] Pstf, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts P]Soa4tf, ;lxi0f'tf / ;b\efjnfO{ ;+/If0f Pj+ k|jw{g ug{'kg{] tYodf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f %^, wf/f &$ nufotsf ljleGg wf/fdf oxL tYo k6sk6s bf]xf]¥ofOPsf 5g\ . ;+ljwfgn] g} ax'ntf g]kfnsf] ljz]iftf / cg]stfleq} Pstf vf]Hg' kg{] tYo :ki6 kf/]sf]5 . ax'kbsf] nflu x'g] :yfgLo txdf ax'bnLo k|ltikwf{af6 u'h|bf Psbnsf] k|d'v / csf{]bnsf] pkk|d'vn] ljho

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@ sf] k|:tfjgf v08n] g]kfnsf] ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s, ax';f+:s[lts tyf ef}uf]lns ljljwtfo'Qm ljz]iftfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/L ljljwtfaLrsf] Pstf, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts P]Soa4tf, ;lxi0f'tf / ;b\efjnfO{ ;+/If0f Pj+ k|jw{g ug{'kg{] tYodf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 .

s]zj yfkf xfl;n ug{' c:jefljs / ;+of]u dfq xf]Og . of] x'g ;Sg] g} ;Defjgf xf], hf] clxn] eof] . o; ;+efjgfnfO{ :jLsf/ ub{} ;xsfo{ , ;dGjo, ;dembf/L / ;xcl:tTjsf] dfWodaf6 zL3| / u'0f:t/Lo hg;]jf k|jfxdf ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] Wofg hfg'sf] csf{] ljsNk 5}g . :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g, @)&$ n] -s_ ;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txaLrsf] ;xsfl/tf, ;xcl:tTj / ;dGjonfO{ k|j4{g ub{} hg;xeflutf, pQ/bfloTj, kf/blz{tf ;'lglZrt u/L ;'ne u'0f:t/L ;]jf k|jfx ug{, -v_ nf]stflGQs nfex?sf] ;dfg'kflts, ;dfj]zL / Gofof]lrt ljt/0f u/L ;dfhjfbf]Gd'v ;+3Lo n]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds zf;g k|0ffnLnfO{ :yfgLo txb]lv g} ;'b[9 ug{, -u_ :yfgLo g]t[Tjsf] ljsf;dfkm{t :yfgLo zf;g k4ltnfO{ ;'b[9 u/L :yfgLo txdf ljwflosL, sfo{sfl/0fL / Goflos cEof;nfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ :yfgLo txsf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @!& n] :yfgLo txsf] pkk|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf clwsf/If]qleqsf] ljjfb lg?k0f ug{ tLg ;b:oLo Goflos ;ldlt /xg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g, @)&$ sf] bkmf !^-$_ -v_ n] pkk|d'vsf] sfd st{Jo tyf clwsf/ tf]s]sf] 5 . ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf ^& n] :yfgLo txsf] jflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'df ug{ pkk|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf rf/;b:oLo ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'df ;ldlt u7g x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . P]gsf] bkmf &! n] pk|d'v jf sfo{kflnsfn] tf]s]sf] sfo{kflnsfsf] s'g} ;b:on] c;f/ bzut]leq cfufdL jif{sf] /fhZj / Joo cyf{t ah]6 cg'dfg ;efdf k]; ug{'kg{] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . P]gsf] bkmf ^% n] :yfgLo txdf /fhZj ;DaGwL k/fdz{sf] nflu pkk| d ' v sf] ;+ o f] h sTjdf

sfe|] / l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf pTs[i6 & s[ifs ;Ddflgt

s[ifsnfO{ lbO{g] cg'bfg vf/]h

w'lnv]n÷s[lif 1fg s]Gb| sfe|]knf~rf]sn] sfe|] / l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf & pTs[i6 s[ifsnfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 . gub !% xhf/, bf];Nnf / k|df0fkq ;lxt d+unaf/ s[lif ljsf; lgb{]zgfnosf k|d'v /ljGb| k|wfg, s[lif 1fg s]Gb| sfe|]sf k|d'v t]hk|;fb bjf8L nufotn] ;Ddfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;ft j6f k|b]z dWo] afudutL k|b]z cGt{utsf lhNnfdf dfq} of] sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf] 5 . pTs[i6 /fi6«klt s[ifs ;Ddfgsf nflu cfj]bg dfu ul/Psf #* j6f cfj]bg dWo] & j6f cfj]bg 5gf}6 u/L :ynut cWoog kZrft ;Ddfg ul/Psf] s[lif 1fg s]Gb| sfe|]sf k|d'v t]hk|;fb bjf8Ln] atfpg' eof] . sfe|]knf~rf]saf6 @* s[ifssf] cfj]bg k/]sf] lyof] eg] l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfaf6 !) j6f cfj]bg btf{ ePsf lyP . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf $ / l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf # hgf pTs[i6 s[ifs ;Ddflgt ePsf 5g\ . s[ifsx?nfO{ pT;flxt ug{ ;Ddfg sfo{qmd /flvPsf] lgb{]zgfnosf k|d'v /ljGb| k|wfgn] atfpg' eof] . …s[ifsnfO{ pT;flxt agfpFb} cfw' l glss/0f, Aoj;foLs/0f / Aoj;foLs agfpFb} pTkfbg a[4L ug{ ;/sf/n] ljleGg sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]sf]

5Ú–lgb{]zgfno k|d'v k|wfgn] eGg'eof]–…;/sf/n] cfufdL cfly{s jif{ b]lv s[lifdf pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] cg'bfg aGb u/]]sf] 5 . ca cg'bfgsf] ;§f ljp k'FhL pknAw u/fpg] 5 .Ú cg'bfg vf/]h u/L ljpF k'FhL dfkm{t s[ifsx?nfO{ yk /fxt pknAw u/fpg] sfo{qmd z'? ePsf] atfpFb} lgb{]zs k|wfgn] 7'nf 7'nf kmfd{ ;+rfng u/L nfut sd pTkfbg w]/} ug{ s[ifsx?nfO{ xf};nf k|bfg ug{' kg{] atfpg' eof] . ;Ddflgt s[ifsx? sdnf nfdf, cK;/f ltdlN;gf l3ld/], lbk]zrGb| nfdf, /fh]Gb| 9sfn, ljGb' tfdfª, ledk|;fb 9sfn nufotn] pTkfbgdf Ao;foLs/0fn] ;xh ePsf] atfpg' eof] . a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg'sf] ;§f g]kfnd} s]lx ug{ ;lsg] cg'ej ;Ddflgt pTs[i6 s[ifsx?n] ;'gfPsf lyP . s[ifsx?nfO{ pTs[i6 agfpg s[lif 1fg s]Gb|n] lg/Gt/ sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/Ltf a9fpFb} nu]sf] 1fg s]Gb|sf k|d'v t]hk|;fb bjf8Ln] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf e]6]l/g/L c:ktfnsf k|d'v /fhs'df/ x'dfufO{, s[lif 1fg s]Gb|sf ljleGg txsf sd{rf/Lx?, k|wfgdGqL :j/f]huf/ sfo{qmdsf k|ltlglw tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

;ft;b:oLo /fhZj k/fdz{ ;ldlt /xg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]]g, @)&$ sf] bkmf !^ -$_ s= n] :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] pkdf kfPsf] :yfgLo txsf] k|d'vsf] sfd,st{Jo tyf clwsf/sf] ;DaGwdf atfPsf] 5 . o;sf] cnfjf :yfgLo tx ;Da4 ;a} sfd, sfjf{xLsf] d'Vo lhDd]jf/L / hjfkmb]lxtf k|d'vsf] g} ePtf klg P]gn] g} :ki6 Joj:yf u/]sf] pkk|d'vnfO{ bfloTj / lhDd]jf/LnfO{ lghn] s;}ul/ pQm lhDd]jf/Laf6 jl~rt ug{ ;Sb}g . lge{otf, cfTd;+od, st{Jok/fo0ftf, ;+alGwt P]g, sfg"g, gLltlgodsf] lg/Gt/ cWoog, ;/ntf, Tofu, l5b|fGj]if0fdf c?rL, nf]eljxLgtf, eb|tf, sfg"g ljk/Lt sfo{ gug{], zlQmsf] b"?kof]u gug{] b[9tf, w}o{, gfhfoh ;Nnfx jf bjfjsf] k|lt/f]w, ;xsdL{x?nfO{ ljZjf;df lnO{ ;d"xdf sfd ug{] cfbt, dftxtsf] k|efjsf] gk/L ltgLx?nfO{ dfu{lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg] v'aL, sd{rf/LtGqnfO{ cf; / qf; -l/jf8{ tyf klg:d]G6_ sf] dfWodaf6 ;bfrf/L eP/ hg;]jfdf v6fpg ;Sg], dtbftfsf] ;xh kx'Fr ePsf], /fd|f] sfdsf] nflu k/]sf] a]nfdf hf]lvd jxg ug{ glxlRsrfpg], zlQms]Gb|sf] Ozf/f jf cfb]zdfeGbf dtbftnfO{ lz/df /fv]/ pgLx?sf] lxtsf] kIfdf v6\g], of]hgfj4?kn] c6'6 sfddf h' 6 \ g ] , ;Dkfbg ug{ ' k g{ ] sfdsf] k|fyldstfqmd lgwf{/0f, ;"rgf, ;~rf/df cufl8, ;Dks{, k|ltlglwTj, ;f}bfafhL / ts{ljt{sdf cAan, lg/LIf0f, cg'udgdf cu|;/, clgoldtfk|lt z"Go ;xgzLntf cflbcflb g} :yfgLo txsf k|d'vsf] ckl/xfo{ u'0f x'g . dflg; ;j{u'0f ;DkGg t x'Fb}g t/ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]kl5 cfkm"nfO{ oyf]lrt ;'wf/ t ug{}k5{ . s'g} klg lgsfo lsg gxf];\, To;sf] ;kmntfsf] h; jf c;kmntfsf] ckh;sf] efuLbf/ ;j{k|yd t k|d'v g} xf] .

Ps lhDd]jf/ k|d'vn] lagfbf]iff/f]k0f st{Joaf]wsf;fy h;fkh;sf] g}lts lhDd]jf/L :jod\n] g} jxg u5{ . /fhgLltdf clnslt bfpk]r, clna9L bnLo :jfy{sf] efjgf, clnslt b]vfOlbg] cg'lrt bDen] sfd ug{ ;Sg] ePsf]n] vf]r] yfkLyfkL Jojwfg v8f ug{] sf]l;; t xf]nf . ;a}n] hLtsf] cg'e"lt ug{] / hg;]jf k|jfxdf k|lts"n k|efj gkg{] u/L ;a} tuf/fx? tf]8\g ;Sg' g} k|d'vsf] ljz]if of]Uotf / Ifdtf xf] . /flhgfdfafx]s :yfgLo txdf ;dembf/Lk"0f{ ;xsfo{sf] csf{] s'g} ljsNk gePsf]n] j}dgZotf x'g' k"j{ g} x+;d'vn] ;embf/Lsf] nflu k|oTg ug{] jf j}dgiotf e};s]kl5 /ftf]d'v kf/]/ jfWo eP/ To;sf] nflu k|oTg ug{] Tof] ;+alGwtn] hfGg] ljifo xf] . k|d'vsf] cg'kl:yltdf lghsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{'kg{] pkk|d'vn] klg jx'dtsf] t'h's jf cNktsf] lxgtfaf]wdf kof{Kt cfwf/ / sf/0flagf g} lgxF' vf]hLvf]hL :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] sfddf cj/f]w v8f ug{' jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g . :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] ;Gbe{df sfg"gtM k|ltkIfsf] kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] 5}g .

Psftkm{ luF8 hlt;'s} 7"nf] jf ;fgf] ePklg Tof] s]jn d's{§fh:tf] dfq x'g] / k"0f{ z/L/sf] nflu 6fpsf] cTojfZos x'g] / csf{tkm{ luF8lagfsf] 6fpsf] l;km{ vKk/dfq x'g] tYonfO{ x]Ssf /fvL ;xcl:tTj / ;dembf/Lsf;fy k|jfx ul/g] ;]jfnfO{ l56f]5l/tf], kf/bzL{, u'0f:t/Lo, clgoldttfxLg t'Nofpg]tkm{ ljz]if ;hu /xg'k5{ . dtbftfn] ghfg]/ k|d'v kbdf Pp6f bnsf] pDd]bjf/ / pkk|d'v csf{] bnsf] pDd]bjf/nfO{ lhtfPsf xf]Ogg\ . dtbfgdfkm{t /fli6« o /fhgLltsf v] n f8Lx?nfO{ k|tLsfTds ;Gb]z k|jfx ug{ / :yfgLo :t/df nfdf] ;dob]lv lqmofzLn bn / ltgsf g]tfx?n] ;xcl:tTj, ;xsfo{, ;dembf/Lsf ;fy hgsfo{ ug{ ;Ifd 5g\, 5}gg\ egL k/v ug{ lnPsf] hgk/LIffdf pRrf+s;lxt pQL0f{ x'g ;kmn x'Fbfdfq hgfb]zsf] sb/ u/]sf] 7xl/g]5 .

-yfkf gk]fn al'4hLjL kl/ifb,\ sfes ]| f] ;b:o xg'\ ._

/f;folgs dnsf] xfxfsf/, s[ifsn] u/] Wofgfsif{0f w'lnv]n÷ls;fgx?n] afnL nufpg] ;dodf /;folgs dn pknAw geP kl5 cfGbf]lnt ePsf 5g\ . s[lif ;fdfu|L ;+:yfg w'lnv]nn] x/]s jif{ @% xhf/ d]l6«s 6g Ps jif{sf] cjwLdf ljqmL ljt/0f ug{' kg{] dfu eP klg $ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g dfq} ljqmL ug{ ;s]sf] 5 . …dfu cg';f/ Ps efu klg /;folgs dn pknAw x'g ;s]sf] 5}gÚ–s[lif ;fdfu|L ;+:yfgsf k|d'v af;' b ] j zdf{ n ] eGg' e of] – …w' l nv] n sfof{noaf6 aflif{s @% xhf/ d]l6«s 6g dn ljqmL ug{' kg{] dfu 5 . dnsf] pknAwtf $ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g eof] .Ú d'No a[4L tyf af]nkq cfAxfg u/] cg'?k dn cfk'lt{ x'g g;Sbf x/]s jif{ /;folgs dnsf] ;d:of ef]Ug' k/]sf] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf $ ;o ;xsf/Ln] dn ljqmL ub{} cfPsf 5g\ .

s[ifsx?n] dn gkfpFbf v]lt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg . dn ljgf ul/Psf] v]ltn] pAhgL lbPsf] 5}g . ljz]ifu/L ds}, wfg / cGo afnLx?df /;folgs dnsf] cfjZostf eP klg s[ifsx? b}lgs ;+:yfg cfP/ kms{g] u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL lgs6 clvn g]kfn ls;fg dxf;+3n] d+unaf/ afudtL k|b]zsf] s[lif tyf kz'kIfL zfvfnfO{ s[lif ;fdfu|L ;+:yfg w'lnv]n dfkm{t 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] 5 . ls;fg g]tfx? xl/ ltdlN;gf, af;'b]j lwtfn, lzjk|;fb nufotn] ls;fgx?nfO{ tTsfn dn pknAw u/fpg ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{if u/fPsf lyP . dnsf] xfxfsf/ x'Fbf ;/sf/n] Nofpg] eg]sf] lh6'hL dfkm{tsf] dn cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g eg] af]nkq ul/Psf] dn klg cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . s[lif k|wfg b]zdf s[ifsx?n] x/]s jif{ ef]Ug' kg{] o:tf ;d:ofdf ;/sf/ pbfl;g x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

s @)&$ #@ @)&( ljxLjf/ jif{ jif{ @$ @* c+s c+!^ kmfu'h]g7 #!(ut]ut]ljxLjf/

!#% j8fdf s;n] sxf“ lhTof] <

xflb{s awfO{ czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v gf/fo0f k|;fb a8fn

sdnL tfdfª

s[i0f axfb'/ tfdfª

nIdL /Dt]n

xl/ehg ;]9fO{

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OGb|s'df/ zfxL 7s'/L, j8f ;lrj

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf !! g++ j8f sfof{no kl/jf/ kftn]v]t, sfe|]

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xflb{s awfO{ czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

sdnf sfkm\n]

df]xg k|;fb nfld5fg]

laef /Dt]n

uf]kLs[i0f >]i7

lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v

/d]z tfdfª

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf czf]s Jof~h", pk–k|d'v kbdf lg/fhg h+ud tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !@ sf] j8f cWoIfdf df]xg k|;fb nfld5fg], dlxnf j8f ;b:o sdnf sfkm\n], blnt dlxnf ;b:o laef /Dt]n, j8f ;b:odf uf]kLs[i0f >]i7 / /d]z tfdfª lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

/fh axfb'/ w/fnf, j8f ;lrj

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf !@ g++ j8f sfof{no kl/jf/ z+v', sfe|]

$

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @* c+s #@ @)&( h]7 !( ut] ljxLjf/

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xflb{s awfO{ czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v ch{'g Gof}kfg] cWoIf

l;tf k/fh'nL

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;'lhtf a/fn ljs

;'jnfn tfdfª

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf czf]s Jof~h", pk–k|d'v kbdf lg/fhg h+ud tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= @ sf] j8f cWoIfdf ch{'g Gof}kfg,] dlxnf j8f ;b:o l;tf k/fh'nL, blnt dlxnf ;b:o ;'lhtf a/fn ljs, j8f ;b:odf ;"o{k|sfz 9'+ufgf / ;'jnfn tfdfª lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

;'lgtf zdf{, j8f ;lrj

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf @ g++ j8f sfof{no kl/jf/ /lj, sfe|]

!#% j8fdf s;n] sxf“ lhTof] <

xflb{s awfO{ czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v u0f]z cfrfo{ cWoIf

;~h' tfdfª

;'jf; clwsf/L

l/tf a/fO{nL

lx/faxfb'/ tfdfª

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf czf]s Jof~h", pk–k|d'v kbdf lg/fhg h+ud tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= # sf] j8f cWoIfdf u0f]z cfrfo,{ dlxnf j8f ;b:o ;~h' tfdfª, blnt dlxnf ;b:o l/tf a/fO{nL, j8f ;b:odf ;'jf; clwsf/L / lx/faxfb'/ tfdfª lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

zlQm /]UdL j8f ;lrj

u+ufb]jL /fodfemL lji6 ;xfos ;lrj

cd[t clwsf/L kz' k|fljlws

ldg axfb'/ tfdfª sfof{no ;xfos

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf # g++ j8f sfof{no kl/jf/ afF;3f/L, sfe|]

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ljZj b'w lbj;df pTkfbg / u'0f:t/sf] rrf{ ‘sfe|]n] b}lgs # nfv ln6/ b'w pkTosf lgof{t u5{’ w'lnv]n÷…bL3{ hLjg u'0f:t/Lo b'w tyf b'Uw kbfy{sf] ;]jgÚ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy e]6]l/g/L c:ktfn tyf kz' ;]jf lj1 s]Gb| sfe|]knf~rf]sn] g]kfnn] dgfpg z'? u/]sf] ljZj b'w lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/L u'0f:t/Lo b'w pTkfbg tyf b'w pTkfbg a[4L ug{ cfjZos Aoj;foLs kz'kfngsf nflu ;/sf/n] k|bfg u/]sf] ;x'lnot shf{ / aLdfdf s[ i fssf] kx' F r a9fpg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo;Fu cGt{lqmof u/]sf] 5. …b'w pTkfbgsf nflu nfut sd u/L pTkfbg a[4L ug{ Aoj;foLs kmfd{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fVg' h?/L 5Ú–k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08]n] eGg'eof]–…Psflt/ b'w pTkfbgdf a[4L ug{' h?/L 5 eg] csf{] lt/ pTkflbt b'wnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo agfpFb} pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ ;xh agfpg' h?/L 5 . b'a} cleofgdf tLg txsf ;/sf/sf] ;xsfo{ h?/L 5 .Ú s[ifsx?n] ladf sDkgLn] ljdfdf cfn6fn u/]sf], a}sx?n] ;x'lnot shf{df x}/fgL lbPsf] tyf e'QmfgLsf a]nf s[ifsx?n] ef]Ub} cfPsf ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu ;/f] s f/jfnf lgsfox?n] rf;f] glbPsf] u'gf;f] u/]sf lyP . ;/sf/n] x/]s jif{ s[ifsx?sf nflu lbb} cfPsf] ;x'lnot shf{ / aLdfdf ;DjlGwt s[ifsx? nfeflGjt x'g g;s]sf] u'gf;f] u/]sf lyP . ;xeflux? kz' lrlsTs; d0fLk|;fb ;fksf]6fn] ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] b//]6df vl/b ul/Psf ufO{ e};Lsf] aLdfdf sDkgLx?n] ug{ gdfg]sf] atfpg' eof] . …() xhf/df lslgPsf] ufO{sf] aLdf &) xhf/ ?k}of eGbf w]/}sf] ug{ sDkgL tof/ ePggÚ–;fksf]6fn] eGg'eof]–…! nfv %) xhf/df lsg]sf] e};Lsf] aLdf ()

xhf/ ?k}ofsf] eGbf x'Fb}g .Ú s[ifs h;f]bf ;fksf]6fn] aLdf ul/Psf tLgj6f ufO{ nuftf/ dbf{ ;d]t aLdf sDkgLn] 8]8 jif{;Dd e'QmfgL gu/]sf] u'gf;f] ug{' eof] . cGt{lqmof sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08]n] /fHon] b'w, df;' / c08fdf cfTdlge{/ x'g ul//x]sf] nufgLnfO{ cem} Aojl:yt ug{ / :yfgLo :t/df ePsf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ cem} k|efjsf/L agfpg ;xsfo{ / ;dGjo cfjZos /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v lji0f'd0fL ;fksf]6fn] :yfgLo ;/sf/n] ah]6, gLlt tyf sfo{qmd k|:t't ug{] ;do ePsfn] s[lif / kz'kfngdf hf]8 lbg] atfpg' eof] . k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ ah]6 / gLlt tyf sfo{qmd agfpg nfluPsf] pkk|d'v g]kfnn] atfpg' eof] . lhNnf ;dGjo clwsf/L ledk|;fb e§/fO{n] s[lif / kz'kfng If]q k|fyldstfdf eP klg s]lx ;do kl5 knfog x'g] cj:yf l;h{gf x'Fb} uPsfn] lg/Gt/ k]zfdf l6sfO{ / fVg] vfnsf sfo{ q mdaf6 s[ifsx?nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' kg{] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . e]6]l/g/L c:ktfn sfe|]sf

k|d'v /fhs'df/ x'dfufO{n] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf b'w / c08fdf cfTdlge{/ eO{;s]sfn] cfufdL lbgdf df;'df cfTdlge{/ x'g] u/L sfo{qmd ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . lhNnf b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+ 3 sf cWoIf gf/fo0f a8fnn] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfn] cfkm'nfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpFb} b}lgs # nfv ln6/ b'w pkTosfdf lgof{t ul//x]sf] atfpg' eof] . pkTosfdf cfjZos kg{] &) k|ltzt b'w sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfn] pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] atfpFb} a8fnn] lhNnfdf b'waf6 b'UwhGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbg z'? u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . cu'jf s[ifs g]tf lbksk|;fb kf}8]nn] ls;fgnfO{ ;xh x'g] vfnsf sfo{qmd Nofpg cg'/f]w ug{' eof] . sfo{qmddf j8f cWoIfx?, aLdf sDkgLsf k|ltlglwx?, a}ssf k|ltlglwx?, s[ifs tyf ljleGg kflnsfdf sfo{/t kz'kIfL zfvfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf lnnfgfy ;fksf]6fn] ;xlhs/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

jif{ @* c+s #@ @)&( h]7 !( ut] ljxLjf/

es'08]df Ps lbg] lgz'Ns j[xt :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;DkGg es'08]÷gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf j8f g+= @ df Ps lbg] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/ ut zlgjf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm lzlj/df bGt ;]jf, d'6' /f]u kl/If0f, :qL/f]u ;]jf, 5fnf /f]u nufot d'6' /f]u nfUgaf6 / c? /f] u af6 aRg] pkfosf] nflu hgr]tgfsf] sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] . lzlj/df w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf afn d'6' /f]u laz]if1 8f=clgz >]i7, 8f= >]of b]ph', 8f= /fx'n >]i7n] / bGt ;]jf tkm{ 8f= laKnk clwsf/L nufot pxfFsf] ;d'xn] ;]jf k|bfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . :qL/f]u kl/If0ftkm{ :qL/f]u laz]if1 ?kf sdf{rfo{ / s[i0ff l;s' >]i7n] ;]jf k|bfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . 5fnf /f]u kl/If0f tyf pkrf/ tkm{ ;'ld /lGht nufot s[ol6e Ao'l6 ;d'xn] ;]jf k|bfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . lzlj/sf] z'ef/De gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v s'G;fª nfdfn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] . lzlj/df !!^ hgfnfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] h:df ECG #)

;efklt czf]s s'df/ >]i7n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] lzlj/sf] ;dGjo /f]6/L ;fd'bflos ;+3 lkknrf}/sL sfo{qmd kl/of]hgf ;+of]u kNnjL k|wfg', cWoIf ;lagf >]i7 / nId0f x'dfufO{n] ug{' ePsf] lyof] eg] /f]6/L ;fd'bflos ;+3 lkknrf}/sL pkfWoIf k|lagf >]i7 / k'hf >]i7n] klg cfˆgf] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

ljBfyL{nfO{ ;lx dfu{df 8f]¥ofpg 1fgs'~h ‘/f]8/];’

ag]kf÷ lhNnfsf] k|lti7Lt 1fgs'~h z}lIfs k|lti7fgn] sf]le8sf sf/0f /f]lsPsf] /f]8 /]; k|ltof]lutf k'gMcfof]hgf ug{]

g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld Joj:yf ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL lgjf/0f dGqfno

e"ld Joj:yfkg k|lzIf0f s]Gb| w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s

b/efpkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltM @)&(.)@.!(

o; e"ld Joj:yfkg k|lzIf0f s]G›sf] ldlt @)&(.)!.@% df s]G›sf] tklzn adf]lhsf ljljw lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu k|sflzt ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf adf]lhd o; sfof{nodf l/tk'j{s btf{ ul/Psf b/efpkqx?sf] d"Nofªsgsf nflu ul7t d"Nof+sg ;ldltsf] k|ltj]btg cg'?k ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g @)^$ sf] bkmf bkmf @% sf] pkbkmf & -$_ adf]lhd Go'gtd d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq eO{ :jLs[tLsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf] x'Fbf ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @& sf] pkbkmf ! sf] k|of]hgfy{ b/efpkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt b/efpbftfx?nfO{ hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs

dxfef/t ufp“kflnsf

hgfsf] ul/Psf] lyof] eg] ECHO #% hgfsf] ul/Psf] lyof] eg] 5fnf / bGt ;]jf klg w]/}n] lng' ePsf] lyof] . uDeL/ /f] u Lx?nfO{ yk pkrf/sf] nflu w'lnv]n c:ktfndf hfg] Joj:yf klg ul/Psf] 5 . pQm lzlj/sf] k|aGws /f]6/L Sna ckm w'lnv]nsf k"j{ cWoIf tyf Åbo /f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fgsf

vfgLvf]nf ufp“kflnsf

tof/L u/]sf] 5 . cfpFbf] h]7 @* ut] zlgaf/ ljxfg cfof]hgf x'g] pQm k|ltof]lutfdf 1fgs'~h z}lIfs k|lt:7fg afx]s cGo ljBfnosf cGo ljBfyL{ x ?n] ;d] t ;xeflutf hgfpg] 5g\ . ag] k fsf] gfnf bf]jf6f]af6 z'? x'g] k|ltof]lutfdf 5fqfx? ;xeflu x'g]5g\ . 5fqfx?n] tLg lsnf]ld6/ /]; ug{]5g\ . ag]kfsf] gfnfbf]jf6f] x'Fb} r08]Zj/L;Dd k'u]/ k'gM 1fgs'~h ljBfnodf cfO{ ;dfkg x'g]5 . kgf}tLaf6 z'? x'g] 5fqx?sf] /]; k|ltof]lutf &=% lsnf]ld6/sf] x'g]5 . kgf}tL ;'AafufpF >Lv08k'/ rf/bf]jf6f] gfnfbf]af6f] x'Fb} ljBfnodf k'u]/ ;dfkg x'g]5 . ljhoL ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 5fq / 5fqf tkm{ k|yd, l4lto / t[lto x'g]n] qmdzM @) xhf/, !) xhf/ / % xhf/ gub k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug{]5g\ . k|lt:7fgn] k'/:sf/sf nflu ^ hgf ljBfyL{nfO{ &) xhf/ ?k}of vr{ ug{] k|jGw lgb{]zs k|tfk a}Bn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

P;O{O{ lbP/ a;]sf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ v]n'sb dfkm{t ;dfh ?kfGt/0fsf] g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ tyf s'ntaf6 hf]ufpg /f]8/];n] dxTjk"0f{ ;xof]u k'Ug] atfpg' eof] . P;O{O{ k/LIff lbP/ a;]sf ljBfyL{x? of] /];df efu lng]5g\ . …ljBfyL{x? aLr k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ h'g;'s} If]qdf s'zn g]t[Tj :yflkt ug{'sf] k|d'v pb]Zo 5Ú–;+rfns cWoIf ;'/s[i0f a}Bn] eGg'eof]–…s8f cg'zf;gdf ljBfnosf] sIff !) ;Ddsf] cWoog ;s]sf ljBfyL{x? lkm| eP nuQ} unt af6f]df hfg ;Sg] ;DefjgfnfO{ /f]Sg of] /]; dxTjk"0f{ 5 .Ú tLg jif{ cl3 1fgs'~hn] klxnf] /]; cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . nuftf/ sf]le8sf sf/0f b'O{ jif{ /f]lsPsf] /]; t]>f] jif{df bf]>f] k6s cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . ljBfnon] /];sf nflu v'Nnf cfdGq0f u/]sf] 5 . ;+rfns cfTd/fd yfkfn] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ cGt/ ;DjGw u/fpFb} :j:y k|lt:kwf{ dfkm{t ;kmn hLjgsf] nflu :jf:Yo, :jf:Yosf nflu v]ns'b eGg] cleofgdf ljBfnon] ;xof]u u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . lzIff ljBfyL{sf] nflu, ljBfyL{ /fi6«sf] nflu eGg] clek|foaf6 lsG8/ uf6{]gb]lv :gftsf]Q/ tx;Dd pTs[i6 z}lIfs ultljlwnfO{ 1fgs'~hn] lg/Gt/tf lbO{/x]sf] 5 . ag]kfdf @) jif{ b]lv 1fgs'~hn] Aoj;foLs lzIff k|bfg ub{} cfPsf] 5 . 1fgs'~h /f]8 /];sf af/]df hfgsf/L lbg cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf k|lt:7fgsf cWoIf ;'/s[i0f a}B, k|jGw lgb{]zs k|tfk a}B, ;+rfns cfTd/fd yfkf, ;xfos SofDk; k|d'v gj/fh rf}nfufO{, k|zf;gsf ch{'g v8\sf nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

lzIfs cfjZostf k'gM rf}yf] k6s ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&(.@.!(

k|:t't ljifodf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ $ :yLt afnf]4f/ dfWolds ljBfnonfO{ ul0ft ljifosf] s/f/ lzIfs 5gf}6 ug{ cg'dlt k|fKt ePsf]n] lzIff lgodfjnL @)%(-;+zf]wg ;lxt_ tyf lzIfs ;]jf cfof]usf] lgodfjnL @)%&-;+zf]wg ;lxt_ adf]lhd of]Uotf k"/f u/]sf OR5's g]kfnL pDd]bjf/af6 tkl;n adf]lhd b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/Psf] 5 . tkl;n lj=g+ M)!÷@)&*÷&( kb M dfWolds lzIfs tx / >]0fL Mdf= lz=t[tLo -gu/ ;|f]t b/aGbL_ ljifo M ul0ft kb;+Vof M !-Ps_ ;]jfsf] k|sf/ M s/f/ pd]/ M !* jif{ k"/f eO $) jif{ ggf3]sf] Go'gtd of]Uotf M d]h/ Dofydf Pd P8 jf d]h/ lkmlhS;sf] Pd= P;= l; b/vf:t lbg] ldlt M @)&(÷@÷!( b]lv @)&(÷@÷@% ;Dd b/vf:t lbg] :yfg M >L afnf]4f/ dfWolds ljBfno, kgf}tL–$, Pkf6f/, sfe|]knf~rf]s . k/LIff b:t'/ M ?=!))).– -lkmtf{ gx'g] u/L_ k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, cGt/jftf{ / cfjZostf k/]df k|of]ufTds kf7\oqmd M lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u ;fgf]l7dL eQmk'/n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd . ;]jf ;''ljwf M g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgodfg'';f/ . ;+nUg ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx?M !=z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf k|ltlnlkx? ! yfg @=:yfoL cWofkg cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk ! yfg af;'b]a a~hf/f #=g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk ! yfg ;b:o ;lrj $=lg/f]lutfsf] ;Ssn k|df0fkq, ! yfg lzIfs 5gf}6 ;ldlt

>L afnf]4f/ dfWolds ljBfno

;fNd]rfsn, tfN9'+uf, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

kgf}tL–$,Pkf6f/, sfe|]knf~rf]s, ;Dks{ g+ (*$!#%)(@$

ufp“jf;Lx?df cg'/f]w

ufp“jf;Lx?df cg'/f]w

– j8faf6 k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ?kd} ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfnodf k7fcf}+ .

– hGd, d[To', a;fO{;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfˆgf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /flv ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f}+ .

– ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf k|fKt ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf / sfuhft af/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf ul/ dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{ª ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f}+ .

– ;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps]} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}+, s'lxg] gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF .

– Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf}+ .

– j8fut ?kdf ;8s aQL Joj:yfkg pkof]u / ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .

– cfw'lgs s[lif k|0ffnL ckgfO{ Joj;flos s[ifs agf}+ .

– pGgt gZnsf kz'kfng u/L :j/f]huf/L ;[hgf u/f}+ .

– wd{, ;F:s[lt, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}+, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– ;fj{hlgs ;DklQfsf] ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– j8faf6 k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ?kd} ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfnodf k7fcf}+ .

– hGd, d[To', a;fO{;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfˆgf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /flv ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f}+ .

– ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf k|fKt ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf / sfuhft af/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf ul/ dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{ª ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f}+ .

– ;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps]} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}+, s'lxg] gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF .

– Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf}+ .

– j8fut ?kdf ;8s aQL Joj:yfkg pkof]u / ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .

– cfw'lgs s[lif k|0ffnL ckgfO{ Joj;flos s[ifs agf}+ .

– pGgt gZnsf kz'kfng u/L :j/f]huf/L ;[hgf u/f}+ .

– wd{, ;F:s[lt, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}+, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– ;fj{hlgs ;DklQfsf] ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

xflb{s >4f~hnL

dxfef/t, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

d[To' @)&(.@.!!

hGd @)!&

:j= aRr' s'df/ yfkf t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;sf SofDk; ;ef ;b:o aRr's'df/ yfkfsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt >4f~hnL AoQm ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgx?k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf AoQm ub{5f}+ .

8f= cDa'ejfgL sfsL{ ;+:yfks SofDk; k|d'v tyf

t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk; kl/jf/ kgf}tL, sfe|]

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @* c+s #@ @)&( h]7 !( ut] ljxLjf/

g]kfnL b"tfjf;åf/f ! ;o %$ hgf g]kfnLnfO{ alx{udg leiff sfe|] t]SjfG8f] RoflDkogzLk ;DkGg

lji0f' l3ld/]÷;fpbL c/]laof ;fpbL c/]laofdf a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] qmddf nfdf] ;dob]lv sfo{/t /xFbf ;DaGwLt sDkgLn] csfdf gljs/0f gu/]sf tyf cGo sf/0fn] cnkq k/]sf g]kfnLsf] nfuL g]kfnL b"tfjf;n] ! ;o %$ hgf jlxu{dg leiff hf/L u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL b'tfjf; l/ofbn] ! xhf/ !* hgf / afl0fHo b'tfjf; h]4fn] #^ hgf ul/ ;fpbL ;/sf/sf] ;xof]ufy{df ! ;o %$ g]kfnLsf] alxu{dg leiff hf/L u/]sf] 5 h;af6 pgLx¿ ca ;xh} ¿kdf :jb]z

lkmtf{ x'g] ePsf 5g\ . g]kfnL b'tfjf;n] ;fpbLdf sfo{/t g]kfnLnfO{ /fxbfgL gljs/0f nfuL c:yfoL ?kdf /fxbfgL cfj]bg ;+sngsf nfuL ;fpbLsf] tfa's, cfef, vld;, bdfd, h'a]n, zx/df sfof{no Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 eg] b'tfjf; /fxbfgL cfj]bgsf nflu ;Ssn /fxbfgL, gful/stfsf] kmf] 6 f] s lk nufoot cfjZos 8s'd]G6 pknAw u/fpg cg'/f]w ub} /fxbfgL gljs/0fsf nfuL b:t'/ @ ;o ;fpbL l/on / x/fPsf] jf

s'g} sf/0fn] lalu|P jf RofltPsf] v08df $ ;o ;fpbL l/on nfUg] hgfPsf] 5 . b'tfjf;n] kf;kf]6{ gljs/0fsf] nfuL cfˆgf] km];a's k]h dfkm{t cfjZos ljj/0f ;lxt cgnfO{g kmf/fdsf] Joj:yf ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL b"tfjf; l/ofb / jfl0fHob"t h]2fn] b'tfjf; k|f+u0fdf !% cf}+ u0ftGq lbj; dgfPsf] 5 eg] sfo{qmddf, Pgcf/Pg, ;fdflhs ;+:yf eft[;+u7g, c:ktfndf sfo{/t 8fS6/, sn]h k|f]km]zgn, Joj;flos ldl8of / b'tfjf; kl/jf/sf] afSnf] pkl:ylt /x] s f] lyof] . pkl:ytsf] tkm{af6 !% u0ftGqsf] z'esfdgf ;lxt ;fpbLdf b]vfk/]sf] >ldssf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu b"tfjf; kl/jf/nfO{ Wofgfsif{0f ub}{ cfkm" / cfkm" cfa4 ;+:yfn] b"tfjf;sf] ;xsfo{df tTsfn kLl8tx¿sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ cfu|x ub}{ b'tfjf;n] u/]sf] sfo{sf] k|z+;f ;d]t u/]sf lyP eg] sfdbf/ dfu k|df0fLs/0fdf ;d]t Wofgfsif{0f x'g h?/L /x]sf] atfP . ;fy} k|jf;df /x]sf g]kfnLx?n] b]zsf] k|ult / ljsf;sf] k|ToIf ;fIfL / ;xof]uL ePsfn] ljb]zdf cfh{g u/]sf] lzk, 1fg, cg'ej / k"FhL g]kfnsf] ljsf; Pj+ ;Da[4 g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] cleofgdf

nufpg rfx]sf] x'gfn] To;sf nfuL ;/sf/n] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug'kg]{ ;d]t atfP . sfo{qmddf pkl:yt ;Dk"0f{nfO{ wGojfb lbb} sfo{afxs /fhb"t u0ftGq Joj:yfkgdf ;+3if{, Tofu / alnbfgsf] Oltxf;nfO{ :d/0f ub} zlxbx¿ k|lt ;Ddfg ub}{ ;+ljwfg lbj;sf] z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP . g]kfn / ;fpbL aLrsf] s'6g}lts ;DaGw /fd|f] /x]sf] / yk g]kfnL sfdbf/sf] ;]jf ;'ljwfdf / ;d:of ;dfwfgdf ljz]if Wofgfsif{0f /x]sf] hfgsf/L ;d]t lbPsf lyP eg] sfo{qmdsf] aLrdf >lds ljifodf 5nkmn ;d]t ePsf] lyof] . sfo{afxs /fhb"t kf}8]nn] d]gkfj/ Joj;foLx?n] :jR5 5ljn] g]kfnL sfdbf/nfO{ ljb]zdf ;Demf}tf cg';f/sf] sfd lbnfpg / ;]jf ;'ljwfdf Wofg k'¥ofpg cg'/f]w ub}{ jt{dfg cj:yfdf b]lvPsf] >lds ;d:ofnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ b"tfjf;n] yk kxn ug]{ / ;fpbLdf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;+3–;+:yf ldl8of ;Fu ;xsfo{ ub}{ hfg] / b"tfjf;n] ;|f]t;fwgsf] cefjdf klg IfdtfeGbf a9L sfo{ u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP . !% cf}+ u0ftGq lbj;sf] cj;/df b'tfjf; jl/kl/ /fli6«o em08fn] ;d]t ;hfO{Psf] lyof] .

xflb{s awfO{ czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

dl5Gb| /fpt

;Demgf g]kfnL kl/of/

czf]s zfx

alb| k|;fb ltdlN;gf kz' k|fljlws

czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf czf]s Jof~h", pk–k|d'vdf lg/fhg h+ud tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ! sf] j8f cWoIfdf ;Gtaxfb'/ nfdf, dlxnf j8f ;b:o rGb|dfof tfdfª, blnt dlxnf ;b:o uf]df ljZjsdf{, j8f ;b:odf lbks 3f]/;fOg] / nfSkf nfdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

b]jsL ;fksf]6f lji6 sfof{no ;xof]uL

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf !) g+= j8f sfof{no kl/jf/ zf/bfatf;], sfe|]

dx]Gb| /fpt j8f ;lrj

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf ! g+= j8f sfof{no kl/jf/ b]jL6f/, sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{ lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v

czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

k|df]b;'Gb/ >]i7 ;hgf v8\uL

l;tf ljZjsdf{

lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v

/Tgdfg tfdfª

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf czf]s Jof~h", pk–k|d'vdf lg/fhg h+ud tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !) sf] j8f cWoIfdf uf]ljGb k|;fb pkfWofo, dlxnf j8f ;b:o dl5Gb| /fpt, blnt dlxnf ;b:o ;Demgf g]kfnL kl/of/, j8f ;b:odf czf]s zfx / /Tgdfg tfdfª lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

O{Zj/k|;fb ;fksf]6f j8f ;lrj

uf]N8 d]8n ;lxt t[lto ePsf 5g\ .

RofDkLogzLkdf k'?if tkm{ w'lnv]n t]SjfG8f] 8f]hfËsf l/oqm'g tfdfª ai6 Kn]o/ tyf dlxnftkm{ sfe|] t]SjfG8f] Ps]8]dL ag]kfsf /ljgf yfkf du/ a]i6 Kn]o/ ePsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf sfe|] cfO{l6 Pkm sf cWoIf lszf]/ a?0f, ;+:yfks cWoIf tyf afudtL t]SjfG8f] ;+3sf d'Vo k|lzIfs /fhdlGb/ >]i7n] ljh]tf v]nf8LnfO{ d]8n, 6«kmL tyf k|df0f–kq ljt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

xflb{s awfO{ lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v

uf]ljGbk|;fb pkfWofo cWoIf

sfe|]÷sfe|] t]SjfG8f] ;+3 4f/f cfof] h gf ul/Psf] sfe| ] t] S jfG8f] RoflDkogzLk ut h]7 ^ / & ut] w'lnv]ndf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ & sf j8f cWoIf /f]dL k|;fb AofGh'n] v]nsf] pb\3f6g ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

RofDkLogzLkdf sfe|] t]SjfG8f] sfe|]n] !) j6f :j0f{ kbs ;lxt k|yd :yfg, w'lnv]n t]SjfG8f] 8f]hfË ( j6f /ht kbs ;lxt lålto / a'8f]n t]SjfG8f] 8f]hfË % j6f

tf/f /fhj+zL

e'jg >]i7

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf czf]s Jof~h", pk–k|d'vdf lg/fhg h+ud tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= % sf] j8f cWoIfdf k|df]b;'Gb/ >]i7, dlxnf j8f ;b:o ;hgf v8\uL, blnt dlxnf ;b:o l;tf ljZjsdf{, j8f ;b:odf tf/f /fhj+zL / e'jg >]i7 lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

;Ktnfn >]i7

lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v

czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

u0f]z cfrfo{

;~h' tfdfª

l/tf a/fO{nL

;'jf; clwsf/L lx/faxfb'/ tfdfª

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf czf]s Jof~h", pk–k|d'v kbdf lg/fhg h+ud tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= # sf] j8f cWoIfdf u0f]z cfrfo,{ dlxnf j8f ;b:o ;~h' tfdfª, blnt dlxnf ;b:o l/tf a/fO{nL, j8f ;b:odf ;'jf; clwsf/L / lx/faxfb'/ tfdfª lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

j8f sld6L cWoIf

g]skf Pdfn] w'lnv]n gu/ % g+= j8f sld6L kl/jf/ >Lv08k'/, sfe|]

g]skf Pdfn] w'lnv]n gu/ # g+= j8f sld6L kl/jf/, w'lnv]n, sfe|]

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @* c+s #@ @)&( h]7 !( ut] ljxLjf/

xflb{s awfO{ czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

lg/fhg h+ud pkk|d'v k|df]b ;'Gb/ >]i7 cWoIf

tf/f /fhj+zL

l;tf ljZjsdf{

;hgf v8\uL

e'jg >]i7

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf czf]s Jof~h", pk–k|d'v kbdf lg/fhg h+ud tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= % sf] j8f cWoIfdf k|df]b ;'Gb/ >]i7, dlxnf j8f ;b:o ;hgf v8\uL, blnt dlxnf ;b:o l;tf ljZjsdf{, j8f ;b:odf tf/f /fhj+zL / e'jg >]i7 lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

lgd{nf /fjn

lnnf >]i7

j8f ;lrj

s'df/ l;+ tfdfª

sfof{no ;xfos

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf % g++ j8f sfof{no kl/jf/ >Lv08k'/, sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{ czf]s Jof~h' k|d'v

lg/fhg h+ud pk–k|d'v

k|df]b ;'Gb/ >]i7 cWoIf

;hgf v8\uL

l;tf ljZjsdf{

tf/f /fhj+zL

e'jg >]i7

o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;Nnfxsf/ czf]s Jof~h" :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df bf]>f] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo k|d'v kbdf tyf z'erlGts lg/fhg h+ud pk k|d'vdf Pj+ o; ;+:yfsf cWoIf k|df]b ;'Gb/ >]i7 w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= % sf] j8f cWoIfdf, pkfWoIf e'jg >]i7 j8f ;b:odf, ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;b:o ;hgf v8\uL dlxnf j8f ;b:odf tyf ;+:yfsf z]o/ ;b:oåo l;tf ljZjsdf{ blnt dlxnf ;b:o / tf/f /fhj+zL j8f ;b:odf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

/fh]Gb| sdf{rfo{

/]Zgf >]i7 k|aGws

;lrj

>Lv08k'/ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ w'lnv]n–%, >Lv08k'/, sfe|]

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @* c+s #@ @)&( h]7 !( ut] ljxLjf/

hd{g / cd]l/sfsf] ;xof]udf

xl/t xfO{8«f]hg k|ljlw k|j{4g ug{

ljZjljBfno / ljB't k|flws/0f aLr ;Demf}tf

w'lnv]n c:ktfndf /Qmgzf ;DaGwL pkrf/ w'lnv]n÷/Qmgzf ;DaGwL /f]usf] lgbfg Pj+ Aoj:yfkgdf w'lnv]n c:ktfn cAan b]lvPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do /Qmgzf ;DjGwL /f]usf] pkrf/ / klxrfgsf nflu k|of]u u/]sf] k|ljlwo'Qm ef:s'n/ Nofa, ck/];g sIf / SofyNofasf o;sf pbfx/0f x'g\ . kmf]S;f], d'6'/f]u Pj+ /Qmgzf zNolrlsT;s 8f= /ljgdfg sdf{rfo{n] hGdhft /Qmgzfsf] jgfj6df ;d:of ePsf lj/fdLx? dWo] @)@! hgj/Laf6 c:ktfndf z'? ePsf] SofyNofjsf] dfWodaf6 % ;o eGbf w]/} lj/fdLx?sf] pkrf/ ul/;lsPsf] atfpg' eof] . …hGdhft /Qmgzfdf ;d:of cfpg] lj/fdLx?sf] /QmgnLx? Ps} 7fpFdf u'hd'lhg] x'G5Ú–8f= /ljgdfg sdf{rfo{n] eGg'eof]–…;d:ofsf] klxrfg eO{ ;s]kl5 cfjZos zNo lrlsT;f pkrf/ z'? ul/Psf] 5 . o;af6 nfe lng]sf] ;Vof Ps jif{sf] cjwLdf % ;o gfl3;s]sf] 5 .Ú w'd|kfg, pRr /Qmrfk, dw'd]x, sf]n]:6]/f]nsf] ;d:ofn] wdgLdf ;fF3'l/g] ;d:of cfpg], 3fp-cN;/_ ljsl;t x'g], cf}nf tyf v'§f g} s'lxg yfNg] ;d:of cfpg] 8f= sdf{rfo{n] atfpg' eof] . o:tf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu SofyNofjdf ljz]if vfnsf] kfO{k leq k;fP/ cfjZostf cg';f/ ck/]zgsIfd} nlu /Qmgzf 7'nf] kfg{] afO{kf; pkrf/ w'lnv]n c:ktfndf z'? ePsf] 8f=zltz a}Bn] atfpg' eof] . /Qmgzf ;DalGwt /f]ux? lbg k|ltlbg a9\bf] ePsfn] ;dod} ;dfwfgsf nflu kl/If0f ug{ lrlsT;sx?n] cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . lz/f, wdgL / kfntf -;txL_ gzf ul/ xfd|f] z/L/df tLg yl/sf /Qmgzfx? x'G5g\ . oL dWo] s'g}klg

;+/rgfdf x'g] ;d:ofnfO{ /Qmgzf /f]usf ?kdf lnOG5 . hLjgz}nLdf cfPsf] kl/jt{ g , c:j:Yo vfgkfg Pj+ cfw'lgstfn] ubf{ xfd|f] b]zdf klg kl5Nnf] ;do /Qmgzf /f]ux? al9/x]sf] 8f= zltz a}Bn] atfpg' eof] . ;g\ @)!@ ;]K6]Da/df w'lnv]n c:ktfndf /Qmgzf zNolrlsT;f zfvfsf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . kl5Nnf] bz jif{df /Qmgzf ;DaGwL zNolrlsT;f ;]jf lg/Gt/ j[l4 e}/x]sf] 5 . w'lnv]n c:ktfnaf6 kl5Nnf] ;do /Qmgzf ;DaGwL lgs} w]/} gljgtd vfnsf lgbfg Pj+ pkrf/fTds ;]jfx? k|bfg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf] ljz]if1 6f]nLnfO{ cd]l/sfsf] d]l8sn sn]h ckm lj;slG;gsf] ef:s'n/ ;lh{sn ljefun] ;3fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . of] ;]jfnfO{ k}mnfpg hd{gLsf] sfn{ eg a]:8f] lSnlgsdaf6 ;xfotf kfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . lgs} ;fgf] dfq v6 agfO{ -/]l8of] lk|mSj]G; k|ljlw_ lk8'Fnfdf gzf k'mNg] ;d:ofsf] pkrf/ ug]{ dfldnfdf oxfFsf] 6f]nLnfO{ g]kfnd} cu'jf dflgG5 . xfn;Dd ! xhf/ @ ;o eGbf la/fdLn] o:tf] pkrf/ ;]jf kfO;s]sf] 5 . pQm 6f]nLn] /Qmgzf ;DaGwL /f]ux?sf] l:qmlgª Pj+ lgbfg ug{sf nflu ef:s'n/ Nofa z'? u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)@! df o; 6f]nLn] Sofy Nofa ;+rfngdf NofO{ w]/} k|sf/sf /Qmgzf ;DaGwL /f]ux?df lgs} sd lr/kmf/ ;lxtsf] k|ljlw ckgfO/x]sf] 5 . clxn];Dd Sofy Nofaaf6 @ ;o %) eGbf a9Ln] ;]jf kfO;s]sf 5g\ .

lk“8'nfdf gzf k'mNg] ;d:of

nfdf] ;do;Dd pleP/ sfd ug'{kg]{, ux'|Fuf] ef/L af]Sg'kg]{ dflg;x?sf] lk8'Fnfdf gzf k'mNg] ;d:of x'g;S5 .

lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfndf

/f]6/Ln] lbof] :jf:Yo ;fdfu|L

ag]kf÷sfe|]sf] ag]kfdf /x]sf] lhNnfs} k'/fgf] c:ktfn lz/d]df]l/onnfO{ /f]6/L Sna ckm w'lnv]n, ag]kf, afnfh' / l;ufFk'/ /f]6/Lsf] ;xof]udf cfktsfnLg z}ofsf] ;'wf/sf nflu $% nfv d"No a/fa/sf] :jf:Yo ;fdfu|L pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . w'lnv]n /f]6/Lsf k'j{ cWoIf /lGha >]i7n] ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSo / c:ktfnsf lgldQ sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'Gb/ yfkfnfO{ pQm ;fdfu|L Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr x:tfGt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . x:tfGt/0f sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSon] lhNnfs} k'/fgf] c:ktfn ePsfn] ;]jf ;'ljwf la:tf/ ug{ pQm ;fdfu|Ln] ;xof]u k'Ug] atfpg' eof] . c:ktfnn] pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] ;]jfnfO{ cem} yk k|efjsf/L agfpFb} gful/snfo{ yk ;'lawf k|bfg ug{ c:ktfn k|zf;g tof/ x'g' kg{] / gu/kflnsfn] To;sf nfuL cfjZos ;xof]u ug{] zfSon] atfpg' eof] . ;/sf/n] nfu' u/]sf] :jf:Yo ljdf ;]jf ;]jf lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfnn] klg cg'dlt lnO{ hgtfnfO{ ;]jf lbg' kg{] zfSosf] egfO{ lyof] . c:ktfnsf lgldQ sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'Gb/ yfkfn] ^) aif{ k'/fgf] c:ktfnn] c:ktfndf ePsf s'g} klg ;]jf lbg sdL gu/]sf] atfpg' eof] .

l;ldt ;|f]t / ;fwgaf6 ;~rfng ug{' k/]sf] c:ktfndf :yfgLo ;/sf/af6 yk ;xof]u k|fKt ePdf ;]jf lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsg] yfkfn] atfpg' eof] . lhNnfs} k'/fgf] / ljb]zL;Dd pkrf/ ug{ cfpg] c:ktfndf ;]jfdf sld ePsf] yfkfn] atfpg' eof] . ;xof]uL ;:yf /f]6/LnfO{ wGoafb lbb} yfkfn] :jf:Yo pks/0faf6 O{d/h]G;L jf8{df la/fdLx?nfO{ lbg] ;]jfdf yk ;xh x'g] ljZjf; ug{' eof] . Od/h]G;L jf8{ / cfO{l;o' jf8{df :jf:Yo pks/0fx? r':t b'?:t /fvL la/fdLsf] pkrf/df sld x'g glbg] ePsfn] pknAw ;fdfu|Laf6 yk ;xhtf x'g] yfkfn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf c:ktfnsf sfo{jfxs cWoIf ;'o{ k|ef zfSon] :jfut dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ & sf j8f cWoIf lx6n/ zfSo, c:ktfnsf d]l8sn clkm;/ 8f= PlGhnf a:g]t, w'lnv]n /f]6/Lsf cWoIf hoaxfb'/ /fO{, /f]6/L Sna ckm sfe|] ag]kfsf cWoIf ?sd0fL ltdlN;gf, c:ktfnsf sd{rf/L o'lgogsf pkfWoIf l/t' >]i7 nufotn] c:ktfnn] lbPsf ;]jfsf af/]df dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj c:ktfnsf lgldQ sfo{sf/L clws[t z'Gb/ yfkfn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnosf] bf];|f] r/0fsf] @& cf}+ bLIffGt ;df/f]x w'lnv]n÷sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnon] bf]>f] r/0fsf] @& cf}+ bLIffGt ;df/f]x @)&( h]7 @) ut] ef]ln z' q maf/ laxfg ( ah] sf7df8f} + ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo kl/;/ w'lnv]ndf ug{] ePsf] 5 . bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf B . S c . i n Computational Mathematics df !% hgf, M.Sc. in Physics df ( hgf, M.Sc. in Public H e a l t h (Epidemiology) df % hgf / M.Sc. in Public Health (Global Health) df % hgfnfO{ sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnosf] Oltxf;df klxnf]k6s pkflw k|bfg ul/g]5 . bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf cf6{\;, Ph's];g, OlGhlgol/ª, Dofg]hd]G6, ;fOG; / d]l8sn ;fOG;]h ljwfsf u/L !! hgf kLPr8L tyf Pdlkmn $# hgf;lxt :gfts / :gftsf]Q/ txsf !,^%* hgf ljBfyL{ bLlIft x'g]5g\ . tL dWo] cf6{\;sf #@ hgf, Ph's]zgsf !)) hgf, OlGhlgol/ªsf #%@ hgf, Dofg]hd]G6sf !^

hgf, d]l8sn ;fOG;]hsf ((# hgf / ;fOG;sf @!( hgf /xg]5g\ . bLlIft x'g] ljBfyL{x¿dWo] k'?ifsf] k|ltzt ^)=@* !)#@ hgf_ / dlxnfsf] k|ltzt #(=&@ ^*) hgf_ /xg]5 . bLlIft x'g] ljb]zL ljBfyL{x¿ ef/t, >LnÍf, dflNbE;, cd] l /sf, c:6« ] l nof, rLg, aËnfb]z, g]b/NofG8 / hd{gL u/L ( b]zsf ! ;o %& hgf /xg]5g\ . ;QfO;f}+ bLIffGt ;df/f]x;Dddf sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnoaf6 #* xhf/ # ;o #^ hgf pQL0f{ x'g]5g\ . k|wfgdGqL tyf s"nklt z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] cWoIftfdf x'g] bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf cfO{cfO{6L x}b/fafbsf lgb]{zs k|f= 8f= aL= P;= d"lt{sf] k|d'v cfltYotf /xg]5 . lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlwdGqL Pj+ ;xs'nklt b]j]Gb| kf}8]nsf] ;xeflutf /xg] ;df/f]xdf sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt k|f= 8f= ef]nf yfkfn] :jfut efif0f ug'{x'g]5 . bLIffGt ;df/f]x x'g'k"j{ s'nklt z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] cWoIftfdf sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfno ;efsf] (@ cf}+ a}7s a:g]5 . a}7sn] bLlIft x'g] ljBfyL{x¿sf] u|]; ln:6 kfl/t ug]{5 .

ue{jtL dlxnfx?df klg of] ;d:of k|fo; b]lvg] u/]sf] 5 . ;dod} pkrf/ ul/Pg eg] 3fp -cN;/_ ljsl;t x'g;S5 . o; vfnsf] ;d:ofsf] pkrf/sf] qmddf ;g\ @)!$ b]lv w'lnv]n c:ktfndf lgs} ;fgf] lr/kmf/ dfq rflxg] tfk t/Ë k|ljlw -d]l8sn efiffdf /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L_ k|ljlwaf6 pkrf/ x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ;fdfGotM v'§flt/sf] /ut klg d'6'df kmls{g'kb{5 . hl6n vfnsf] zNolqmof jf ulDe/ rf]6k6skl5 nfdf] ;do;Dd xnrn ug{ kfPg jf Ps 7fpFdf al;/fVg'kg]{ kl/l:yltn] v'§flt/sf] gzfleq} /ut hDg] ;d:of cfpg;S5 . ue{jtL dlxnf, lkN; rSsL ;]jg ul//x]sL dlxnf, sf] l e8 /f] u nfu] s f JolQmx?df t'ngfTds ?kdf o:tf] ;d:of x'g] u/]sf] kfO{Psf] 5 . ljleGg yl/sf] /ut hDg glbg] cf}iflwx? ;lxtsf] ;]jf w'lnv]n

c:ktfndf pknAw /x]sf] 8f=sdf{rfo{n] atfpg' eof] . lduf}{nf Pj+ cGo ;d:ofsf sf/0f lgoldt ?kdf x]df]8fonfOl;; u/fO/fVg' kg]{ la/fdLx? ljleGg vfnsf j}slNks /Qmgzfx?sf] h?/t kb{5 . w'lnv]n c:ktfndf hl6n vfnsf cyjf cGoqaf6 /]km/ ul/Psf s];x?df klg j}slNks /Qmgzf agfpg zNolqmof x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . xfn;Dd ! ;o %) eGbf a9L uDeL/ vfnsf] j}slNks /Qmgzfx? vf]n]/ pkrf/ ePsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do ue{jlt dlxnfdf k]6 leq} aRrfn] lbzf vfg] / aRrf j/k/ kfgL hDg] ;d:of sf]le8sf sf/0f b]lvg yfn]sf] lrlsT;s k|f=8f ;'dg tfd|fsf/n] atfpg' eof] . sf]le8s} sf/0f /Qmgzf ;DjGwL ;d:of b]lvg yfn]sf] 8f= /ljgdfg sdf{rfo{n] atfpg' eof] . sd z'Nsdf u'0f:tLo/ pkrf/ lbg w'lnv]n c:ktfn cAan

w'lnv]n÷sf7df8f+} ljZjljBfno / g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f aLr g]kfndf g]kfndf xl/t xfO8«f]hg k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug{] ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt 8f= ef]nf yfkf / g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fsf k|aGw lgb{]zs s'ndfg l3l;Ën] ;Demf}tf kqdf z'qmaf/ x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf xl/t xfO8«f]hg k|ljlwsf] pTyfg ug{ g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f / ;/sf/sf] rf;f];Fu ;DalGwt 1fg, ljz]if1tf / hgzlQmsf] ljsf; u/L g]kfndf xl/t xfO8«f]hg k|ljlwsf] k|j{4g ug]{5 . k|flws/0fn] @)&( a}zfv & ut]sf] ()& cf}F af]8{ a}7sn] :jLs[t u/]sf] 3/]n' cy{tGqdf of]ubfg / hnljB'tsf] /fd|f] pkof]usf nflu g]kfndf kfOn6 xl/t cdf]lgof pTkfbg ;DaGwL ljZjljBfnoaf6 k|:tfljt kl/of]hgf k|:tfjnfO{ cf}krfl/stf lbPsf] ljB't k|flws/0fsf k|jGw lgb{]zs s'ndfg l3l;Ën] atfpg' eof] . k|flws/0fn] # s/f]8 ?k}ofF ;Demf}tf kl5 kl/of]hgfsf nflu ljZjljBfnonfO{ pknAw u/fpg] 5

. g]kfndf hnljB'tsf] clwstd pkof]u ug{ z}lIfs If]qn] s;/L of]ubfg k'¥ofpg ;S5 eGg] ljifodf s]lx jif{ cl3 b]lv 5nkmn ;'? ePsf] atfpFb} sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt 8f= ef]nf yfkfn] atfpg' eof] . u|Lg xfO8«f]hgsf of]hgf / cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ s]o"df kof{Kt ;|f]t ;fwg /x]sfn] cfof]hgf ;kmn agfpg' kg{] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . ;Demf}tfdf xl/t xfO8«f]hg k|ljlwsf] kfO{n6–:s]ndf cg';Gwfg ug{, lu|8sf] u'0f:t/ / ljZj;gLotf ;'wf/ ug{ xfO8«f]hg k|ljlwsf] k|of]u, lxpFb df};ddf pmhf{ e08f/0fsf ;fy} g]kfndf hnljB'tsf] plrt ;b'kof]u ug{ Ifdtf ljsf; ug]{ h:tf a'bfFx?df ;xsfo{ ug]{ pNn]v 5 . ;Demf}tfdf g]kfndf xl/t xfO8«f]hg k|ljlwsf] k|of]udf tLgj6f :gfQsf]Q/ tx / ljBfjfl/wL txsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;d]t k|bfg ug]{ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . b'j} ;+:yfsf ;|f]t ;fwgsf] pkof]u kf/:kl/s lxtsf If]qdf Ps csf{sf ultljlwnfO{ ;'b[9 agfpg ;xof]u k'Ug]5 . sfo{qmddf l8g k|f=8f= dlgif kf]v/]n, ;x k|fWofks lj/fhl;+x yfkf, 8f= /fd nfdf / x//fh Gof}kfg] nufotn] wf/0ff /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .

clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3n] a'emfof] 1fkg kq sfe|]÷clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3 sfe|]n] ;dfhdf ePsf ;a}vfn] c;dfgtf e] b efj lx+ ; f cGofo, cTofrf/sf lj?4 / b]zsf] cfly{s c:tAo:ttfsf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ x'g'sf] ;f6f] lbg k|ltlbg e|i6rf/ / lgoldttf a9]sf sf/0f /f]syfdsf nflu k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L dfkm{t k|wfgdGqLsf] sfof{nonfO{ 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] 5 . k| d ' v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08]nfO{ cg]d ;+3 sfe]|sL cWoIf tyf ag]kf gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6fn] 1fkg–kq a'emfpg' ePsf] lyof] . pk–k|d'v ;fksf]6fn] rf}yf] /fli6«o dlxnf clwsf/ lbj;sf ;Gbe{df dlxnf clwsf/sf] If]qdf b]lvPsf hl6n r'gf}tLx? / /fli6«o ;/f]sf/ / hgtfsf]

hghLjgsf] ;jfndf ljz]if Wofg s]lGb|t ug{'kg{] cfjZostf /x]sf] lj1KtLdf pNn]v /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . To;}u/L cf7 jif{ cl3 ;'Gb/L k|ltof]lutfsf gfddf cfof]hsn] u/]sf] anfTsf/ / of}g lx+;fsf >[+vnfa4 ck/fwsf ljBfno nufot sfo{ynf]df / 3/fo;L of}ghGo b'Ao{axf/sf 36gfx? phfu/ e}O/x]sfn] /f]syfd / ck/fwLnfO{ sfjf{lx / lx+;f kLl8tnfO{ tTsfn Ifltk"lt{ ;lxtsf] l56f] Gofo k|0ffnL dfkm{t bf]lifnfO{ s8f sfjf{xLsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg dfu ul/Psf] 5 .

1fkg–kq a'em\b} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'dsnf kf08]n] ;a} kflnsf / If]q ;d'bfo ldnL o:tf 36gfx?nfO{ Go"gLs/0fdf nfUg' kg{] atfpg' eof] . k|zf;gaf6 x'g] ;]jf / bf]lifnfO{ sfjf{xLdf s'g} s;/ afFsL g/flvg]

atfpg' eof] . 1fkg–kq a'emfpg] sfo{qmddf cg]d ;+3 s]lGb|o ;b:o cDa' ejfgL sfsL{ /

;+3sf kbflwsf/Lx? nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

xflb{s awfO{ zflGt/Gt zfSo k|d'v

sdn l3ld/] lktfDa/ l3ld/] cWoIf, ! g+= j8f cWoIf, @ g+= j8f

z'enIdL dfgGw/

ljdnf ;fksf]6f pk–k|d'v

/d]zk|;fb bfxfn Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7 cWoIf, $ g+= j8f

g[k]z jfb] rGb| v8\sf cWoIf, ( g+= j8f cWoIf, !) g+= j8f

lzjs'df/ yfkf cWoIf, !! g+=

an/fd clwsf/L cWoIf, % g+= j8f

;lrtfgGb s]=;L cWoIf, ^ g+= j8f

lx6n/ zfSo cWoIf, & g+= j8f

/fdaxfb'/ s'“j/ cWoIf, !@ g+= j8f

/fdnfn b'jfn cWoIf, !# g+= j8f

6'Ns' nfdf cWoIf, !$ g+= j8f

:yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&( df ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] ul/dfdo gu/k|d'v kbdf zflGt/Tg zfSo tyf pkk|d'v kbdf ljdnf ;fksf]6f ljhoL x'g'ePsf]df pxfFnufot lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ j8f cWoIf, j8f ;b:ox?df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t tyf

zL/ d]df]l/on P8\e]lG6i6 c:ktfn kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

(

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

df]/flt

jif{ @* c+s #@ @)&( h]7 !( ut] ljxLjf/

d]/f] syf, d]/f] Joyf

motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

afa' em'Sofp“b} ;DklQ x8Kg] 5f]/L ev{/} :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . @)&$ ;fndf ePsf] lgjf{rgdf bnx?n] PSnf PSn} k|lt:kwf{ u/]sf lyP . h;sf sf/0f bnx?n] ;+ljwfg cg';f/ Ps kbdf dlxnf pDd]bjf/ agfPsf lyP . clwsf+z :yfgLo txdf k|d'v k'?if x'Fbf dlxnf pkk|d'v jf pkfWoIf lgjf{lrt ePsf lyP . st} st} t dlxnf k|d'v / pkk|d'v g} lgjf{lrt eP . cfwf hg;+Vof ePsf] dlxnfx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ePsf] ;Demgf tfh} 5 . dlxnf pkk|d'v eP/ Goflos ;ldltdf ;+of]hs eP/ Gofo kfO{/xFbf klg cfgGb cfpg] u/]sf] lyof] . gofF gofF cg'ej / sfg"gsf] k|of]udf klxnf] kfFr jif{ xfdLn] /fd|f];Fu latfPsf] :d/0f 5 . clxn] To:tf] ePg . d'n'se/ bnx?n] u7aGwg u/] . h;/L klg ;Qfdf k'Ug' k5{ eGg] p2]Zon] xfdL dlxnfx?nfO{ cj;/ g} lbO{Pg . g]kfndf sfg"g eP/, ;+ljwfgdf n]lvP/ dfq} gx'g] /x]5 . ePsf] ;+ljwfgsf] Aoj:yfnfO{ klg s;/L cj;/af6 al~rt u/fpg] eGg] k|of]hgdf g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bnx?, lgjf{rg cfof]u / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox? ;lqmo x'Fbf /x]5g\ . r'gfjdf ljho x'g ;fd, bfd rflxG5 . k};f / d;n rflxG5 . cl3 kl5 nufpg] o'jfx?sf] hdft rflxG5 . ca ljrf/, l;4fGt / Gofosf] af/]df s;n] a'em\5 < pkk|d'v lsg dlxnf < pkfWoIf lsg dlxnf < oxfF klg k'?if g} rflxG5 < o:tf cleofgx? rnfO{P . cfˆgf nflu dlxnfx?sf] clwsf/sf] s'/f uf}0f eof] . dlxnf g]t[x? klg bnx?sf] u7aGwgsf lj?4 rF' ;d]t ug{ ;s]gg\ . ;z:q o'4 u/]/ cfPsf] kf6L{ g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf dlxnf g]tfx? ;d]t k|r08 k'qL /]0f' bfxfnnfO{ k|d'v agfP kl5 b]ze/sf dlxnfx?sf] k|ltlglwTj eof] eGb} r'k rfk a;] . g]kfnL sfFu|]; hf] slxNo} nf]stGq / ;dfj]zLtfsf] s'/f u/]/ yfSb}g . To;n] klg k|sfzdfg l;+xsf] >LdtL l;h{gf l;+xnfO{ sf7df8f}sf] k|d'v kbdf p7fP kl5 b]ze/sf sfFu|];sf dlxnfx?sf] k|ltlglwTj ePsf] ;lDemg k'Uof] . st} ljb|f]x ePg . cfGbf]ng ePg . ;Qfdf h;/L klg k'Ug] gfddf g]tfx?sf] y'dy'dfO{df plgx? kl//x] .

To;sf] df/ / c;/ casf] kfFr jif{df

g]tfx?n] b]Vg]5g\ . lxhf] hGd]sf w]/} g]t[Tj ca lj:tf/} knfog x'g]5g\ . bnx? leqsf] cGt/ lj/f]w Psflt/ 5 . csf{]lt/ km/s–km/s :jfy{ /fv]/ uPsf bnsf k|ltlglwx? dfkm{t ljsf; ;Dej xf]nf / < ;ky u|x0f b]lv g} lj/f]wsf :j/x? ;'lgPsf :yfgLo txdf ljsf;df Ps?ktf s;/L xf]nf / v} < b]ze/sf] ;d:of p:t} 5 . g]skf Pdfn]n] klg k|d'v / pkk|d'v kbdf ;dfj]zLtfsf] l;4fGt ckgfof] . Tolx sf/0f klg xf]nf k|d'v / cWoIfdf eGbf g]skf Pdfn]n] pkk|d'v / pkfWoIf kbdf of] k6s w]/} :yfgdf ljho xfl;n u/]sf] 5 . sf7df8f}df pkk|d'v l;h{gf 8+uf]n h;n] w]/} dtfGt/df ljhoL xfl;n ul/g\ . o'jfx?sf] cfzf / e/f];fsf] s]Gb| ePsL l5g\ . plgaf6 k|fKt x'g] GofonfO{ gful/sx?n] ;xh ?kdf lng ;s'g\ . z'esfdgf 5 . r'gfj ;lsFb} ubf{ dgsf ax w]/} s;/L egF' . bnx?n] ;+:yfut leq\ofPsf] ljs[lt / lj;+ultsf] r/d gd'gf cfufdL % jif{ x'g]5 . sfd ug{] :jefj / z}nLsf sf/0f dfq} geO{ gful/sx?n] Goflos ;ldltaf6 kfpg] Gofodf klg km/s kg{]5 . xfd|f]df t dtbftfn] Gofo u/]s} 5g\ . bnn] klg Gofo u/]sf] 5 . u7aGwg x'Fbf klg ;xh ePsf] 5 . ca klg xf];\ . d kfFr jif{ cl3 lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwn] v]n]sf] e"ldsfsf af/]df cfkm'n] k|fKt u/]sf] cg'e'lt AoQm ub{}5' . uf]/vf lhNnfsf] P]ltxfl;s gu/L r]k] / d:ofªbLsf] ;+ud :yndf cjl:yt kfn'ª6f/ gu/kflnsfn] ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yf u/] adf]lhd u7g u/]sf] GofoLs ;ldltn] Gofo ;Dkfbgdf pNn]Vo e"ldsf lgefPsf] 5 . sfg'gL k|s[of k"/f ug{], lgj]bg ;+sng u/L ;DalGwt AolQmnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ pkl:yt u/fpg] h:tf sfo{df ;ldltn] lg/Gt/ sfo{ ul//x]sf] 5 . ju{ lje]lbt ;dfhdf h:tf];'s} xf];, k9]n]v]sf] dfG5]n] u/]sf] ;a} sfd ;lx x'G5 eGg] ;+:sf/ xfn;Dd klg rln cfPsf] 5 . cNk;+Vos ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfosf JolQm hf] Ps lvNnL r'/f]6df lbge/L klg sfd ug{ tof/ x'G5g\ . cNk;+Vos kl/jf/sf Ps AolQmn] k}lqs ;DklQ 5f]/Lx?nfO{ bfO{hf] :j?kdf !÷! /f]kgL lbg] 3/ ;Nnfx ePsf] /x]5 . ToxL ! /f]kgL hUuf

r'gfj ;lsFb} ubf{ dgsf ax w]/} s;/L egF' . bnx?n] ;+:yfut leq\ofPsf] ljs[lt / lj;+ultsf] r/d gd'gf cfufdL % jif{ x'g]5 . sfd ug{] :jefj / z}nLsf sf/0f dfq} geO{ gful/sx?n] Goflos ;ldltaf6 kfpg] Gofodf klg km/s kg{]5 . xfd|f]df t dtbftfn] Gofo u/]s} 5g\ . bnn] klg Gofo u/]sf] 5 . u7aGwg x'Fbf klg ;xh ePsf] 5 . ca klg xf];\ .

sfG5L 5f]/LnfO{ kf; u/]/ lbg] qmddf cfˆg} 3/ l5d]sL sfg"g Jofj;foL klg x'g'x'GYof] . s v ;d]t ghfg]sf pQm AolQmnfO{ 9fF6]/ sfG5L 5f]/Ln] kmsfO{ @ /f]kgL @ cfgf /lhi6«]zg kf; u/L lnO{ csf{] JolQmnfO{ a]r]sf] s'/f h]7L 5f]/Ln] yfxf kfP kl5 alxgL / a'jfcfdfsf] ;d]t ;DaGw ljlu|g k'Uof] . ;f]xL 9fF6 5n u/L lsGg] JolQm / :j+od\ cfˆgf] 5f]/Lsf] lj?4df kLl8t afa' / h]l7 5f]/L ;lxt ;–kl/jf/ Goflos lgsfo wfpg yfNg' eof] . t/ Gofo k|fKt ;s]g . kqklqsfn] ;d]t pQm 36gfnfO{ k|fyldstf /fv]sf] /x]5 .

Goflos lgsfon] k};f lbg] eP ldnfO{ lbG5' eGb} plgx?nfO{ yk kL8f dfyL kL8f lbPsf] /x]5 . kLl8tn] Gofo kfpg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf pQm kl/jf/ Goflos ;ldltdf lgj]bg af]s]/ cfpg' eof] . Goflos ;ldltn] cfˆgf] If]qfclwsf/ leq /lx ljjfbsf] lkm/fb u/]sf] ldltaf6 :ynut lgl/If0f, :yfgLox?;F u sf] ;dGjodf j8f sfof{nosf] ;xhLs/0fdf b'j} kIfnfO{ Goflos ;ldltdf lemsfO{ nfdf] ;dosf] 5nkmn kl5 sfg'g adf]lhd hUuf lkmtf{ ug{ / hUuf vl/b ug]{ kIfnfO{ /sd lkmtf{ u/fpg] ul/ ldnfkq ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] ;8sdf ef}tfl/x]sf AolQmn] Gofo kfpg' ePsf] 5 . Goflos ;ldltn] lbPsf] Gofosf sf/0f pxfFn] AoQm ug{' ePsf] v'zLsf] l;df 5}g . Goflos ;ldltsf] Goflos ;Dkfbg sfo{nfO{ l56f] 5l/tf] / ;'ne tl/sfn] k|bfg ug]{ dgf;on] gu/el/af6 ;dfj]lztfsf] cfwf/df %) hgf d]nldnfkstf{ tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . tof/ kfl/Psf d]nldnfkstf{x?nfO{ kfn'ª6f/ d]nldnfk ;]jf s]Gb| ;+rfng sfo{ljlw @)&$ adf]lhd k|To]s j8fdf d]nldnfk ;]jf s]Gb| / gu/ :t/Lo Ps s]lGb|o d]nldnfk s]Gb| :yfkgf ul/ cfkm'nfO{ kfos kg]{ ;]jf s]Gb|df ;'rLs[t

x'g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

Goflos ;ldlt ;lrjfno / d]nldnfk s]Gb|x?nfO{ cfjZos ;|f]t kmlg{r/x?, sDKo'6/, lk|G6/, 6]lnkmf]g ;]6, b'O{ kfªu|] ;jf/L -df]6/ ;fO{ns_, kmf]6f] slk d]l;g, sfg'gL lstfax?, clen]v kmfO{nx?, ljljw kmf/dx? k"0f{ ?kdf pknAw ul/Psf] 5 . Goflos ;ldltn] aflif{s ?kdf sfo{of]hgf agfO{ ;f]lx adf]lhd sfo{qmdx? th'{df ul/ gu/ ;efaf6 cfjZos /sd ljlgof]hg ul/ ljleGg ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?;Fu ldn]/ sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . Goflos ;ldltsf] If]qlwsf/ af/] hgr]tgf, dlxnf lx+;f tyf 3/]n' lx+;f Go"lgs/0f ;DalGw sfo{ q md, gofF sfg" g L Joj:yfaf/] cled' l vs/0f tyf afnafnLsf / h]i7 gful/sx?sf] clwsf/ ;DalGw sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

Goflos ;ldltn] gu/kflnsfsf] O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf] ;dGjodf cfjZos ;xof]u lnb} cfPsf] 5 . Goflos ;ldltn] ;+ljwfgt :yflkt Goflos ;ldltsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 x'g'k5{ eGg] p2]Zon] cGo :yfgLo txsf] Goflos ;ldltsf] cjnf]sg ul/ Ps cfk;df l;sfO{ cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ sfd ;d]t ub} cfPsf] 5 . Goflos ;ldltn] sfg"g adf]lhd /fVg'kg]{ clen]vx? tof/ ul/ /fVg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . cfo;|f]t sdhf]/ ePsf kLl8tsf] tTsfn ;+/If0f ug{] p2]Zon] Gofo ;]jf sf]if :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . o; sf]ifaf6 Goflos ;ldltdf lbg'kg]{ lkm/fb b:t'/ ;fy} lkm/fb, lnlvt hjfkm n]vfO{ vr{ e/fpg] ul/Psf] 5 .

Goflos ;ldltn] Gofo ;Dkfbg sfo{ljlw / ljjfbsf] If]qflwsf/sf] ljifodf lhNnf cbfnt, lhNnf GoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no / lhNNffaf/ Pzf]l;P;g;Fu ;dGjo u/]sf] 5 .

:yfgLo txdf :yflkt Goflos clwsf/ k|fKt Goflos ;ldltnfO{ ;Ifd / ;|f]t ;DkGg agfO{ Gofodf ;xh kxF'r k'¥ofPsf] 5 . @)&$ h]7 b]lv @)&* r}q ;Dd Goflos ;ldltdf @ ;o && ph'/L btf{ ePsf 5g\ . hUuf ljjfb ;DjGwL, kfl/jf/Ls ;DaGw, 3/ ef8f, s/f/, ufnLunf}h, Hofnf dhb'/L, gfafns nfngkfng, lzIff, h]i7 gful/s ;+/If0f, WjgL k|b"if0f, c+z ;DaGwL ljjfb, s'nf] kfgL / ;fFw ldr]sf] / cGo d'2fx? btf{ ePsf 5g\ . pQm ph'/Ldf @ ;o #& j6f d'2f d]nldnfk ePsf 5g\ . & j6fdf lg0f{o ePsf 5g\ . s]lx ljrf/flwg cj:yfdf 5g\ . ^ j6f ljjfb btf{ geO{ lkmtf{ ePsf 5g\ . cfpg] Goflos ;ldltn] lo ljifosf] klg cWoog u/f];\ . z'esfdgf 5 . t/ clxn] kl/l:ytL To:tf] 5}g . efjgfTds ?kdf gful/sx?n] dx;'; x'g] u/L Gofo k|fKt ug{ ;s"g\ . d]/f] z'esfdgf . afa' 5f]/Lsf] r/d ljjfbnfO{ ;d]t Goflos ;ldltn] ;xhtfsf ;fy v'zL u/fpFb} d]nldnfk u/fPsf] lyof] . ca km]/L klg Tolx lbgx? b]lvg kfpF . z'esfdgf ;a}df . clwsf/sf gfddf k|fKt ;'ljwfsf] b'?kof]u gxf];\ . bnx?n] ;Qf k'Ug] gfddf clwsf/nfO{ s'l07t ug{] sfd /f]lsg' k5{ . cfufdL lbgdf x'g] ;+3 / k|b]zsf] lgjf{rgdf dlxnfx?nfO{ ;dfg'kfltsdf dfq} g/fv"g\ . d}n] kfn'ª6f/sf] Goflos ;ldltaf6 Gofosf] dx;'; u/]sf] 5' .

lg? >]i7 kfn'ª6f/ gu/kflnsf uf]/vf, xfn sf7df8f} -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]ns ' f * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

gdfa]4' !) sf j8fcWoIf pkfWofoåf/f 5fqjl[Qsf nflu cIfosfi]f :yfkgf bfKrf÷gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !) sf gj–lgjf{lrt j8f cWoIf /fds[i0f pkfWofon] c;xfo / h]x]Gbf/ ljBfyL{sf] 5fqj[lQsf nflu cIfosf]if :yfkgf ug{' ePsf] 5 . ut ;f]daf/ j8f sfof{nodf kbjxfnL u/] nuQ} gdf]a'4 !) df /x]sf] afn pHHjn dfljdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf j8f–cWoIf pkfWofon] :juL{o lktf 5ljnfn pkfWofosf] gfddf cIfosf]if :yfkgf ug]{ 3f]if0ff ug{' ePsf] xf] .

clwsf/Ln] cIfo sf]ifsf nflu JolQmut tkm{af6 ! nfv %! xhf/ ?k}ofF ;d]t afn pHHjn dfljnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . cIfosf]ifsf] /sdaf6 afn pHjn dfljdf cWog/t cleefjslaxLg ljBfyL{sf nflu vr{ ul/g] clwsf/Ln] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf j8f cWoIf pkfWofosf efO{ Pj+ hgs SofDk;sf k|d'v xl/x/ clwsf/Ln] ;+o'Qm?kdf ljBfnosf lzIfs cleefjs ;+3sf cWoIf nfnsfhL nfdf / k|wfgfWofks

gf/fo0feQm >]i7nfO{ r]s x:tfGt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . j8fcWoIf pkfWofon] j8fsf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu ;a} kIf;Fu ;xsfo{ u/]/ cl3 a9\g] k|ltj4tf hgfpg' eof] . gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t /fhg kf}8]nsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf j8f ;ldltsf lgjf{tdfg ;b:ox?nfO{ ljbfO{ klg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t kf}8]nn] gdf]a'4

gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !) df ljutsf aif{df klg pbfx/0fLo sfdx? ePsf] eGb} To;sf] lg/Gt/tfsf] sfdgf u/] . ;Lldt ;|f]t ;fwgsf afah"b j8fdf cem} w]/} sfd ug{ afFsL /x]sf] eGb} pgn] gful/sx?nfO{ ;xh?kdf ;]jf k|jfx ug{ gjlgjf{lrt

;ftfsf] /flzkmn ;fKtflxs k~rf· d]if

l;+x

wg'

hgk|ltlglwnfO{ cfu|x ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

uhn s;/L AoQm u/f}+ s;/L AoQm u/f}F < oxfF cTofrf/ ePsf] 5 s;}sf] :jR5 efjgfdf anfTsf/ ePsf] 5 ljs[lt / lj;+ult,a9]sf 5g\ lbg lbg} kljq ljrf/wf/f klg, lg/fwf/ ePsf] 5 abdfzx? d:t ;Fu 3'Db} 5g\ htftt} ;f]emf / ;Hhgdfly,;w}F tnjf/ ePsf] 5 a];/d / gsRrof{On] k/fsfi7f gf£bf ulx/f] ldqtfdf ca jf/kf/ ePsf] 5 l;h{gfdf x:tIf]kn],k|ltefx? ;f]Rb} 5g\ “cfˆgf] kl/>ddf cs}{sf] kmnfxf/ ePsf]

sf]dn e§ xfnM–Go'of]s{, cd]l/sf

sGr6df============== cj;/df !! hgf / k|hftGq lbj;sf] cj;/df ^ hgf u/L @^ hgf 5'l6;s]sf 5g\ . sf/fuf/df ;f]daf/;Dd @ ;o @& hgf y'g'jf / s}bL s}b e'Qmfg ul//x]sf 5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] olx jif{ b]lv $) k|ltzt s}b e'Qmfg u/]sf s}bLx?sf] s}b e'Qmfg ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx lg0f{on] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf sf/fuf/ sfof{nodf s}b e'Qmfg ul//x]sf st{Ao Hofg d'2fsf /]zd tfdfª, st{Ao Hofg d'2f / ha{hl:t rf]/L cleof]usf rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpFkflnsf rf}af; ^ sfe|]sf xs{axfb'/ tfdfª / stAo{ Hofg d'2fd} s}b ef]lu/x]sf ch{'g vqL eGg] wgaxfb'/ vqL /x]sf 5g\ . %) k|ltzt s}b e'Qmfg ul/;s]sf dfgl;s /f]uL &) alif{o ndh'ªsf sfGtljnf; b]jsf]6f, l;Gw'kfNrf]s 7f]skf{sf /fh]Gb| v8\sf / cf]vfn9'+ufsf l;tf/fd eGg] 6]saxfb'/ ;fsL{ /x]sf 5g\ . /f]zL ufpFkflnsf $ sfdL6f]nsf ;ljg eGg] 6]saxfb'/ /kfn, kgf}tL $ sf clgn tfdfª 5g\ . ax'ljjfx, ;jf/L Hofg nufotsf d'2fdf cfwf ;hfoF e'Qmfg u/]sf s}bLx?nfO{ ;/sf/n] cj;/ kf/L s}b dfkmL lbb} cfPsf] 5 . lhNnf sf/fuf/ sfof{no sfe|]df ## hgf st{Ao Hofg d'2fdf s}b e'Qmfg ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] v'g 8fFsf d'2fdf !&, ha{hl:t s/0fL cleof]udf (), Hofg dfg{] pBf]udf (, nfu' cf}ifwdf !!, rf]/Ldf !!, ;jf/L Hofg c+ueËdf !(, dfgj ck/0f tyf z/L/ aGws $, ;/sf/L 5fk lst{] tyf 7uLdf $, dfgj a]rljvg tyf lhp df:g] a]Rg]df @, ax'ljjfx ^, xftxltof/ tyf v/vhgfdf !, ck|fs[lts afn of}g b'/frf/df %, a}lsË s;'/df %, s'6lk6 cËeËdf @, ha{hl:t s/0fL pBf]udf $, n]gb]g ljuf]df !, dfgj c+u k|Tof/f]k0f ;+ul7t ck/fwdf # hgf u/L @ ;o @& hgf sf/fuf/df 5g\ .

gj lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwnfO{ ;Ddfg kgft}L÷OGbZ|] j/ SofDk;n] :yfgLo lgsfo @)&( df lgjf{lrt kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf kd|v ' /fdz/0f e08f/L, pkkd|v ' uLtf a~hf/f tyf j8f g++ & cWoIf ;lag tfdf|sf/nfO{ :jfut tyf ;Ddfg u/s ] f] 5 .

SofDk;sf ;~rfns ;ldlt cWoIf t'o'sfhL tfd|fsf/n] gjlgjf{lrt hgk|ltlgwLx?nfO{ vfbf, 6f]kL, awfO{ kq x:tfGt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, pkk|d'v uLtf a~hf/f, j8f g++ & cWoIf ;lag tfd|fsf/ nufot j8f ;b:onfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;~rfns ;ldlt cWoIf t'o'sfhL tfd|fsf/, sf]iffWoIf led;]g a:g]t, ;b:o s]zj yfkf nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf SofDk; k|d'v >Ls'df/ ;'jfnn] pRr lzIffsf] pkfb]otf, efjL of]hgf Pj+ z}lIfs ultljlwx?sf] af/]df k|sfz kfg'{ ePsf] lyof] .

-@)&( h]7 !(–@%_

@$ ut] ci6dL a|t, @% ut] u+ufbzx/t .

cfh ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 xf]nf, @)–@@ ut];Dd k]6df ljsf/ ;fy} cfkmGt;Fu j}/efj j[l4 xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf P]Zjo{ k|flKt cWoogdf ?rL j[l4 x'g]5 . dGq M ç gdZrl08sfo} M.

j[if

;ftfsf] dWo @)–@@ ut];Dd ;dfhdf ckdfgsf] eo /xnf, ljxLjf/ wg cfudgsf] af6f] j[l4 xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf zq'dfly ljho k|flKt x'g]5 . dGq M ç >L+ pk]Gb|fo jT;fo gdM .

sGof

cfh ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|flKt xf]nf, @)–@@ ut];Dd dfgl;s lrGtf j[l4 x'g ;S5, afFsL lbgdf sd{ k|flKt, gljg sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]5 . dGq M P]+ x|L+ P]+ ;/:jTo} gdM .

ds/

!(–@@ ut];Dd bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt, cfly{s pGglt nfe x'g]5, @@–@$ ut];Dd k]6df ljsf/, a'waf/ nfdf] ofqfsf] of]u /x]sf] 5 . dGq M ç e+ e+ e}/jfo gdM . !(–@@ ut];Dd ;do cfˆgf] cg's"ndf /x]sf]n] k"/} /fHoaf6 ;'v ldNg]5, @#–@$ ut];Dd df]6f] wg/fzL vr{ x'g]5 . dGq M ç u'?b]jfo gd M. !(–@@ ut];Dd zq'dfly ljho k|flKt, Jofkf/ Joj;fodf pGglt x'g]5, @#–@$ ut];Dd ckh; ;xg'knf{, afFsL lbgdf efUof]bo x'g]5 . dGq M ç x|L+ ;f]x+ km6\ M .

ldy'g

t'nf

s'De

!(–@$ ut];Dd cw'/f sfo{df ;xhtf, af]nLsf] k|efj a9\g], dfg ;Ddfg k|flKt, gljg pkxf/ k|flKt xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf lrQdf r+rntf a9\g]5 . dGq M ç /+ /f]ud'Qmo km§ M . !(–@$ ut];Dd u'?ju{af6 ;'v k|flKt, OlR5t sfo{df k"0f{tf k|flKt, ;Gtfgaf6 ;'v k|flKt, u'?ju{sf] ;xof]u ldNg]5 . a'waf/ zq' a9\nfg\ . dGq M ç lg+ lglvn+ lg+ ç .

!(–@$ ut];Dd ljBfdf ?rL j[l4, z/L/df :j:ytf, ofqfsf] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5, afFsL lbgdf em'6f cf/f]k vr{ j[l4 x'g]5 . dGq M P]+ x|L+ SnL+ rfd'08fo} ljRo} M.

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

ss{6

cfh rf]6k6ssf] k|an ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5, afFsL lbgdf gofF j:q k|flKt, zq'efj ldqdf kl/0ft, aGw'x?;Fu /fd|f] ;Fut x'g]5 . dGq M ç qmL+ eujt] gdM. cfh d[To't'No si6 cfOkg{] ;ts{ /xg'xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf df+ulns sfo{df ;xeflutf, k"/} /fHoaf6 ;'v nfe, k|zGgtf 5fpnf . dGq M ç zfDa;bf lzjfo gd M.

j[lZrs x'gfn]

dLg

cfh cfkmGt;uF j}/efj j[l4 ;fy} lgb|fdf c;'ljwf a9\nf, afs F L lbgdf ldi7fGg ef]hg k|flKt, 3/df ;'v zflGt, ld7f ld7f k|]d jftf{nfe x'g]5 . dGq M ç qmL+ sfNo} gdM .

-k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&* ;fn r}q !) ut] laxLaf/_ !)

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ldt]/L 5fqj[lQ sf]if, ag]kf z}=;q @)&( sf] 5fqj[lQ ljt/0f af/] ;"rgf

cfbz{ cfly{s ljsf; ;fsf]; ag]kf, sfe|], kmf]g g+= M )!!–^^!)&^

C0f ltg{ cfpg] af/]

#% lbg] cToGt h?/L ;"rgf k|yd k6s ;'rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&(.)@.!( ut] o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lng' ePsf tklzn adf]lhd C0fL ;b:ox?n] C0f ln+bfsf] zt{ tyf efvf adf]lhd ltg'{kg]{ ;f+jf,Jofh ;dodf ga'emfO{ k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ltg{ a'emfpg gcfpg' ePsf]n] of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbg leq cfkm"n] a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ltg{ a'emfpg cfpg' xf]nf . cGoyf ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ sf] bkmf &(,pkbkmf !,#, bkmf *) sf] pkbkmf ! tyf bkmf *#,*$ tyf ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&% sf] bkmf #) / ;+:yfsf] ljlgod Pj+ gLlt adf]lhd C0f tyf afFsL aSof}tf c;'n pk/sf nfuL sfg"gL k|lqmof cjnDag ul/g] Aoxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}df hfgsf/Lsf nfuL of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 .

C0fLsf] gfd÷y/ C0fLsf] kmf]6f] wg hdfgLstf{sf] gfd C0fLsf] gfd Mu0f]z s'df/ >]i7 b]j nIdL wf}uf]8f a'afsf] gfd M /Tg sfhL >]i7 afh]sf] gfd M s[i0f axfb'/ >]i7 gf=k|=g+ M ^%)()÷!%@# sfe|] ;b:otf g+ M )!$@ 7]ufgf M ag]kf C0fLsf] gfd M ;fhg >]i7 /]0f'sf >]i7 a'afsf] gfd Mhgs nfn >]i7 afh]sf] gfd M lx/fnfn >]i7 gf=k|=g+ M#)!))#÷!^@*%& ;b:otf g+ M )*$ 7]ufgf M ag]kf gfnf C0fLsf] gfd M ;ljgf zdf{ 1fljg zdf{÷;[li6« zdf{ >Ldfg\sf] gfd M1fg]Gb| /fh zdf{ ;;'/f]sf] gfd M 6]s axfx'/ zdf{ gf=k|=g+ M #)=!!^%&( ;b:otf g+ M !)^^ 7]ufgf M kfFrvfn )% sfe|] C0fLsf] gfd M ;fg' sfG5f kx/L /fh s'df/ du/ a'afsf] gfd M nfn axfb'/ kx/L afh]sf] gfd M ;fg' dfg kx/L gf=k|=g+ M !#^$ ;b:otf g+ @*@ 7]ufgf MkfFrvfn cfb/0fLo ;Dk"0f{ C0fL ;b:oHo'x? olb tkfO{sf] klg C0fsf] efsf gfw]sf] 5 t'?Gt ;+:yfdf ;Dk{s /flv cfˆgf] C0fsf] x/ lx;fa ug{x'g lagd| cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .cGoyf o;} u/L sf/jflx k|s[ofdf hfg] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}sf] nflu hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . o; k|s[of dfkm{t tkfO{Fsf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs lhjgdf kg{ hfg] gsf/fTds c;/sf] lhDa]jf/ tkfO{ :jod\ x'g' kg{]5 . C0f lngsf nflu hdfgL÷;fIfL a:g] dxfg'efjn] klg ;dodfg} cfkm'n] hdfgt lbPsf] C0f e'Qmfg eP gePsf] af/]df ;r]t /xg'xf]nf cGoyf tkfO{sf] ;d]t kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] ltgk":t] ljj/0f k|sflzt eO{ C0f c;'npk/sf] nflu sfg'gL bfo/fdf tflgg' x'g]5 .

C0f nufgL tyf c;'nL pk;ldlt

jif{ @* c+s #@ @)&( h]7 !( ut] ljxLjf/

o; sf] i faf6 sfe| ] lhNnf leqsf ;fd' b flos ljBfnox?df sIff !–!) ;Dd cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k|bfg ul/ cfPsf] :j= /fdeQm sf]v >]i7 :d[lt 5fqj[lQ z}=;q= @)&( sf nflu olx ldlt @)&( cfiff9 !! ut] zlgjf/ ljxfg !! ah] r}tGo df=lj=, ag]kf–* df ljt/0f ul/g]5 . ;DalGwt ljBfnox?n] 5fqj[ l Q lg/Gt/tf lbg' k g{ ] ljBfyL{x?sf] jflif{s k/LIff @)&* sf] glthf ljj/0f -dfs{l;6sf] kmf]6f]slk_ ;lxt z}=;q @)&( sf] sIff, /f]n g+= hGdldlt÷pd]/ pNn]v u/L l;kmfl/; kq k7fO{ lbg'x'g cg'/f]w 5 . z}=;q @)&* sf] SEE k/LIff lbPsf ldt]/L 5fqj[lQ kfPsf ljBfyL{x? klg pk/f]Qm sfo{qmddf pkl:yt eO{ sIff !! df cWoogsf nflu 5fqj[lQ kfpg lgj]bg lbg ;lsg]5 . yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu ;Dks{ M >Lljqmd zfSo kmf]g g+= M (*%!)%$#%#

x/]s ljxLjf/

r]i6f ;fKtflxs vf]hLvf]hL k9f}+

www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

w'dkfg / dBkfg gu/f}+

af]nkq cfXjfg ;DaGwL ;'rgf hd{g g]kfn ;xof]u ;+3sf] ;xof]udf sfe|], bf]nvf, l;Gw'nL / /fd]5fk lhNnfx?sf] :yflgo tx;Fusf] ;xsfo{df z}lIfs ;zlQms/0f s]G› -EEC_ w'lnv]n–*, sfe|] cGtu{t ;Grflnt ‘;fd'bflos ljBfnodf MGML sfo{qmd’ kl/of]hgfsf nfuL cfjZos kg]{ tklzndf pNn]lvt #& ;]6 lzIf0f l;sfO{ ;fdfu|L :jLs[t k|fKt u/]sf OR5's laqm]tf÷sDkgL÷ ;Knfo;{÷kmd{x?n] of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldtLn] !% lbg leq cfjZos sfuhkq ;lxt o; sfof{nodf af]nkq k]z ug{ of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . pNn]lvt ;fdfu|Lx?nfO{ ! ;]6 dflgPsf] 5 . af]nkq a'emfpg dfyL pNn]lvt lgwf{l/t ;do leq jf clGtd lbg ljbf k/]df pQm lbgsf] ef]lnkN6 sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg af]nkq k]z ug{ ;lsg]5 .

Dofb gf3L cfPsf] af]nkq pk/ s'g} klg sf/jflx ul/g] 5}g .

af]nkq cfJxfg ul/Psf] ;fdfu|Lx?sf] ljj/0f

;"rgf c;Gt'lnt vfgkfg tyf hLjgz}nLsf sf/0f – dw'd]x, pRr /Qmrfk, dl:tis3ft, ljleGg k|sf/sf SofG;/, 9f8 b'Vg], cnhfOd;{, Zjf;k|Zjf;, dfgl;s÷pbfl;gtf h:tf /f]u x'g ;Sb5g\ .

o:tf /f]uaf6 aRg, – ;Gt'lnt / :j:y vfgf vfg], – zf/Ll/s lqmofsnfkdf ;lqmo /xg], – dlb/f, ;"lt{ tyf ;"lt{hGo j:t'sf] pkef]u gug{], – sfd ubf{ ;xL tl/sf / cf;gsf] k|of]u ug{], – k|z:tdfqfdf kfgL lkpg], – tgfjsf] plrt Joj:yfkg ug{],

g]kfn ;/sf/

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs z}lIfs ;zlQms/0f s]Gb| -EEC_ w'lnv]n – *, sfe|]

lj1fkg af]8{

af]nkq k]z ;DaGwL yk hfgsf/Lsf nfuL Web: www.eeckavre.org, Email: eeckavre@gmail.com\ Info@eeckavre.org Cell no. 9851061663/ 9841043844

r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .