Year 30 issue 32

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k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

#) cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ #) c+s #@ @)*! h]7 #! ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 13 June 2024) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$$, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h * www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

czf]s Aof~h' cWoIf

g]skf Pdfn], sfe|] ;d[4 sfe|]nL gd'gf sfe|]sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ d't{?k k|bfg ug{ g]skf Pdfn]n] lg/Gt/ kxnsbdL ul//x]sf] 5 . lbuf] ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k sfe|] lhNnfnfO{ ;g\ @)#) leq ul/aL pGd'ng ul/, lzIff, :jf:Yo, s[lif, ko{6g / k"jf{wf/x?sf dfWodaf6 ;an lhNnf agfpg] xfd|f] nIo /x]sf] 5 . bzf}+ lhNnf clwj]zgn] to ul/ k"/f x'g afFsL /x]sf sfdx?nfO{ cfufdL lbgdf k|yldstfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fpg of]hgf agfP/ nfUg] 5f}+ . o;sf nflu lhNnf clwj]zg kZrft a[xt sfo{qmdaf6 lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] at{dfg cj:yfsf] t'ngfTds ljZn]if0f ul/ lb3{sfnLg / cNksfnLg of]hgf to ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf 5f}+ . k"jf{wf/ ljsf;M sfe|] pkTosf -ag]kf, w'lnv]n / kgf}tL_nfO{ /fhwfgLsf] lj:tfl/t t/ of]hgfa4 gofF s]G›sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ . lhNnfdf cfufdL kfFr jif{ leq Ps xhf/ lsdL ;8s sfnf]kq] ug]{ . lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf cfjZos k'nx?sf] ;e]{ u/L lgdf{0f ug]{ . ag]kf, w'lnv]n / kgf}tLdf :df6{ l;6L lgdf{0fsf] sfdnfO{ tbf?stfsf ;fy ;dod} ;DkGg ug]{ . eQmk'/–kfFrvfn ;' ? Ëdfu{ lgdf{ 0 fsf] sfo{ n fO{ k|fyldstfdf /fVg] . ag]kf, kfFrvfn, d08gb]pk'/, gdf]a'4, /f]zL, kgf}tL nufot :yfgsf ;DefJo sl/8f]/ If]qdf Aojl:yt k"jf{wf/ ;lxtsf] al:t

Joj:yfkg ug]{ . 8fF8fkf/L, sf]lzkf/L, t]dfn, /f]zL, d08g nufotsf If]qx?sf] ;8s / k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug]{ . lhNnfdf kfFr xhf/ l;6 Ifdtfsf] ax'p2]ZoLo ;efxn lgdf{0f ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Ps ljlzi6s[t ljsf;sf nflu k|fyldstfdf /fVg] . x/]s kflnsfnfO{ ljz]if klxrfgo'Qm kflnsf agfpg] kfFrvfnnfO{ s[lif tyf cf}Bf]lus s]G›, ag]kfnfO{ cfw'lgs Aoj;flos s]G›, kgf}tLnfO{ ;fF:s[lts tyf kof{ j /0fLo ko{ 6 g s] G ›, w'lnv]nnfO{ ko{6g lzIff :jf:Yo / ;fF:s[lts s]G›, gdf]a'4nfO{ wfld{s ;fF:s[lts ko{6g, s[lif / cf}Bf]lus s]G›, d08g b]pk'/nfO{ ko{6g / s[lif s]G›, e"Dn'nfO{ ko{6g / s[lif s]G›, rf}/Lb]p/fnLnfO{ ko{6g / s[lif cg';Gwfg s]G›, t]dfnnfO{ ;fF:s[lts ko{6g / a'4lrQ pTkfbg s]G›, /f]zLnfO{ s[lif ko{6g ;fF:s[lts / h}ljs cg';Gwfg s]G›, dxfef/tnfO{ hl8a'6L / kmnkm'n pTkfbg tyf kz' k fng s] G ›, vfgLvf]nfnfO{ hl8a'6L skmL / kz'kfng s]G›, a]yfgrf]snfO{ ko{6g, k|fs[lts >f]t cWoog tyf kz'kfng s]G›sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ u?of]hgf th{'df ug]{ 5f}+ . k|s[lt tyf ;Dkbf ;+/If0f / ko{6g M kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf] k'/fgf] ahf/nfO{ ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf /flvg] tof/LnfO{ tbf?stfsf ;fy cuf8L a9fpg] . gdf]a'4df a[xt ko{6sLo If]qsf nflu cfjZos ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug]{ . knf~rf]s eujtL If]qnfO{ cem} Jojl:yt / k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ;DkGg u/L ko{6sx?sf] cfsif{0fsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ . t]dfnsf] P]ltxfl;s b/jf/ pTvgg\ / ;+/If0f ul/ cfjZos k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ . a]yfGrf]s gf/fo0f:yfgdf cfjZos k'jf{wf/sf] lgdf{0f u/L ko{6g s]G› lgdf{0f ug]{ . /f]zL ufpFkflnsfsf] e'd]r'nL, tf/fv;]n]s nufotsf :yfgx?sf] ;+/If0f / k|rf/k|;f/ ug]{ . ag]kfsf] af;'sL, tgrf]s, 7'nLrf}/ nufotsf :yfgx?sf] ;+/If0f / k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ . d08gb]pk'/ afFsL @ k]hdf

Pdfn] sfe|]sf] cWoIfdf /fhg g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf] cWoIf kbdf /fhg e't]{n lahoL ePsf 5g\ . k|Tof;L rG› nfdfnfO{ *! dtn] kl5 kfb}{ e't]{n lahoL ePsf x'g\ . e't]{nn] # ;o *) / nfdfn] @ ;o (( dt k|fKt u/] . pkfWoIfdf b]j;fu/ nfdf, ;lrjdf /fhs'df/ ;fksf]6f lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . ;fksf]6fn] $ ;o $$ dt NofP . pk ;lrjdf /Tgs'z /lGhtsf/ / ;'o{dfof bg'jf/ lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ .

s;n] slt dt kfP < leqL k[i7df .

e6fe6 xTof, sxf“ nS'5g\ ck/fwL < w'lnv]n÷dxfef/t ufpFkflnsfdf ePsf] bDklQ xTofsf] lgZkIf 5fgljg dfu ub{} kLl8tx?n] lhNnf ;b/d'sfd w'lnv]ndf k|bz{g u/]sf 5g\ . @)*! h]7 & ut] dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf j8f gDa/ $ lgjf;L dfgaxfb'/ an / lx/fdfof an jfOafsf] ljeT; xTof ul/Psf] lyof] . xTof ePsf] w]/} lbg eO{

;Sbf klg xTof/f kQf gnufPsf] eGb} kLl8tsf cfkmGt / :yfgLox?n] Gofo dfUb} k|bz{g u/]sf x'g\ . ls6fgL hfx]/L lbPsf JolQmnfO{ 5fl8Psf] eGb} kLl8tn] h3Go ck/fwdf klg /fhgLlt ePsf] u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\ . 36gfsf] lgikIf 5fgljgdf ;d]t pgLx?sf] cfz+sf 5 . k|bz{gdf ;xefuLn] ls6fgL hfx]/L nfu' u/, dfG5] dfg{ kfOFb}g, hfx]/Ldf pNn]v afFsL & k]hdf

‘c3fPsf lsgf{n] 5f8] Pdfn]’ g]skf Pdfn]sf cWoIf s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ Wj:t agfpg, g]skf Pdfn] l;WofP/ b]zdf cl:y/tf lgDTofpg rfxg]x? Pdfn]df g} a;]/ lsgf{ em} c3fPsf AolQmx? ePsf] l6Kk0fL u/]sf 5g\ . …h;/L e}+;Ldf ePsf] lsgf{ c3fP kl5 em5{, To;/L g} Pdfn]df /x]/ c3fPsfx? lsgf{ em} aflxl/Psf 5g\Ú–cWoIf cf]nLn] eg] . g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf] !! lhNnf clwa]zgsf] w'lnv]ndf pb\3f6g ub{} cWoIf cf]nLn] ld;g *$ nfO{ ;zQm agfpg kf6L{sf ;a} k+lQm Psh'6 eP/ ;lqmo x'g lgb{]zg lbP . …c?n] cfˆgf nflu, cl:y/tfsf nflu eg] xf]nfg\ ld;g *$, Pdfn]n] b]z ljsf; / lgdf{0fsf nflu tLg txs} ;/sf/df Psn ax'dt Nofpg eg]sf] xf]Ú–cWoIf cf]nLn] eg]–…cfˆg} kf6L{sf] ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ 9fNg]x? lsgf{ x'g\ . lsgf{x? c3fP kl5 cfkm} em5{g\ . Pdfn] l;Wofpg vf]Hg]x? cfkm} ;lsg]5g\ .Ú clwa]zgdf :j:y k|lt:kwf{ ug{, k|lt:kwf{nfO{ ;xdlt / ;xdlt x'g g;s] k|lt:kwf{df hfg, lgjf{rg ;lsP kl5 km]/L Psdg / Pstfsf ;fy kf6L{ sfdnfO{ cl3 a9fpg lgb{]zg lbP .

sf]–sf] eP lglj{/f]w g]skf Pdfn]sf] hf/L !! cf} lhNnf clwa]zgdf pDd]bjf/L btf{ ul/Psf dWo] lhNnf sld6Ldf ! ;o % dWo] ^! hgf lglj{/f]w ePsf 5g\ . n]vf ;ldlt cWoIf, pkfWoIf / Ps ;b:odf lglj{/f]w ePsf] 5 . dlxnf ;b:odf pDd]bjf/L g} btf{ ePg . kbflwsf/L ;lxt $$ kbdf lgjf{rg ePsf] xf] . kfFr kbflwsf/Lsf nflu !@ hgfsf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] lyof] . ag]kf, w'lnv]n, kgf}tL, d08gb]pk'/df v'Nnf kbdf lgjf{rg ePsf] lyof] . gdf]a'4df o'jf, sfo{qmddf g]skf Pdfn] :yfoL sld6L ;b:o u'? a/fn, kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o kfFrvfndf v'Nnf, /f]zLdf o'jf, t]dfndf o'jf, rf}/Lb]p/fnLdf v'Nnf, blntdf v'Nnf uf] s ' n af:sf] 6f, s[i0f /fO{, k|b]z sld6L cWoIf s}nfz 9'+Ë]n, lhNnf cWoIf czf]s / dlxnf, hghfltdf v'Nnf, lhNnf ;b:odf v'Nnf / n]vf ;ldltdf ;lrj kbdf Aof~h' , ;lrj /fhg e't{]n nufotn] Pdfn] clwa]zg, cfufdL sfo{ef/ / g]t[Tjsf lgjf{rg ePsf] xf] . lglj{/f]w x'g]x?df kfFrvfnaf6 – o'jf– /fdsfhL >]i7, dlxnf– ;/:jtL ;Gbe{df wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . bfxfn clwsf/L / l;tf sf]O{/fnf . /f]zL– dlxnf– v'Nnf– sfG5fdfg nfdf h]G;g, l8NnLk|;fb /]lUd / wglht nfdf, u+ufdfof nfdf / k|ltef v8\sf /fodfemL . t]dfn– dlxnf– 1fgLdfof nfdf / sNkgf tfdfª, v'Nnf– an/fd /fo, g/Wjh tfdfª / OGb|dfg tfdfª . rf}/Lb]p/fnL– dlxnf– s'df/Ldfof nfdf / t]hdfof uf}td, o'jf– w'lnv]n÷lhNnf cbfnt k|x/L, ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no / cbfnt /ljGb| uf}td . e'Dn' – v'Nnf 8]uaxfb'/ s'Fj/ / /d]z nfdf, dlxnf– sNkgfs'df/L >]i7, sfe|]knf~rf]sn] ;f]daf/ ;fFem g]skf 6;d; ePgg\ . ;f]lx k|s/0fdf ;+nUg dfcf]jfbL o'jf– l6sf/fd nfdf . a]yfGrf]s – v'Nnf– ejgfy ltdlN;gf / lji0f'axfb'/ tfdfª, PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL t]dfnsf g]tf dfgaxfb' / tfdfª pkm{ l;hgnfO{ k' k { I fsf g] t f tyf k"j{ hgd'lQm ;]gfdf ;d]t dlxnf kfj{tL ;fksf]6f . ag]kf – dlxnf– /]vf bfxfn, ljdnf ;fksf]6f bfxfn / ;l/tf nflu sf/fuf/ k7fpg] cfb] z u¥of] . s[ o flzn, kl5Nnf] ;do ljleGg k]zf /fodfemL, o'jf– ;'Gb/ v8\sf . dxfef/t– a;Gt s'Fj/ / n]v/fd ;f? du/, dlxnf– pgsf elth ;' o { a xfb' / Aoj;fodf ;d] t ;+ n Ug b'uf{nfn nfdf pkm{ zflGt ltt'ª /f0ff du/ . w'lnv]n– dlxnf– pdf yfkf, zf]ef bfxfn, ;l/tf x'dfufO{ . nfdf kf6L{sf t]dfnsf lhDd]jf/ g]tf x'g\ k|eftnfO{ eg] g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf kgf}tL– dlxnf– zf]ef /fhe08f/L, ld/f kf}8]n, uLtf ;fksf]6f . vfgLvf]nf– o'jf /d]z . pg} dfkm{t dfgaxfb'/nfO{ /f]zL g]tfx? s;'/ g} sfod gu/fpg] u/L ;kmfO{ b'?RofË, v'Nnf 8Da/axfb'/ ltdlN;gf / rGb|axfb'/ yf]s/, dlxnf ;f]lgof lyË . ufpFkflnsfdf sfl6Psf] af]lwlrtsf] lbg ;kmn eP . k|eftn] rfO{lgh Aofkf/L gdf]a'4 – v'Nnf– bfdf]b/ vgfn, lg/f]h kf08], l6sf lu/L -z+s/_, lx/faxfb'/ nfdf, ?v, ToxfF /flvPsf lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ ofª s}lnª;Fu u/]sf] jftf{nfk nufotsf dlxnf– lutf Kofs'/]n / lutf l;njfn . d08gb]pk'/ – dlxnf– ;'eb|f g]kfn cfrfo{ tyf cGo ck/fwdf hf]ufpg lhNnf, ljleGg k|df0fx?sf afah't klg s;'/ / t'n;L kf}8]n, o'jf zflns/fd k/fh'nL . ;dfj]zLdf blnt o'jf– t]h g]kfnL . k|b]z / s]Gb|sf g]tfx? dfkm{t kf6L{ sfod gu/fpg dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf tx lhNnf v'Nnf dlxnf– u+uf n'O{6]n, l;h{gf Kofs'/]n / dfw'/L ;fksf]6f, o'jf dlxnf– cWoIf dfwj g]kfnsf] 3/df k6s k6s b]lvsf g]tfx?sf] ;lqmotf kmlnkmfk eof] . ;'lznf xdfn, o'jf k'?if O{Zj/aNwj ;fksf]6f . hghflt dlxnf – lutf tfdfª . k'u] . t/ klg cbfntn] k|fKt k|df0fsf t/ ;dfhjfbLsf g]tfx?n] l;hg eGg] pgnfO{ k'k{If k7fpg] cfb]z dfgaxfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ 5'6fpg ;s]gg\ . ckfªtf v'Nnf– an/fd bfxfn . cNk;+Vos v'Nnf– uf]kfnaxfb'/ bg'jf/ . dhb'/ – cfwf/df lbof] . dfwj g]kfnsf] kf6L{ klg klg ;Qf g]tfx?sf] 3/df v]n]sf] b]p;L ;Qfs} sf/0f zflGt sfsL{ / p4jk|;fb l3ld/] -a]bk|;fb_ . n]vf ;ldltM cWoIf ;Togf/fo0f ;dLs/0f ;+nUg 5 . pgsf] cfb]zdf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;xh afFsL @ k]hdf ;fksf]6f, pkfWoIf l6sfk|;fb 9sfn, ;b:o v'Nnf zlzs'df/ af]nv] .

g]tfsf] b}nf]df ck/fwsf] ‘b]p;L’

rfFbgL rf]s ;lkË ;]G6/ ejgdf a'ls· v'Nnf a}+s, clkm;, k;n ;6/ nufot ljleGg k|of]hgsf] nflu 7"nf] :k]; ePsf] ejgdf a'lsË v'Nnf .

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r]i6f ;fKtflxs

;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = = ck/fwnfO{ IfDo gb]p sl/a b'O{ dlxgf ;+;b\ cj?4 u/]sf] g]kfnL sfFu|];n] s]lx ;xsf/Lsf gfddf dfq} 5fgljg ug{ ;+;bLo ;ldlt u7gsf] dfu u¥of]. g]kfndf cfly{s dlGbsf sf/0f s]lx yfg geO{ ;of}+ ;xsf/L olta]nf ;+s6df 5g\. lt ;xsf/Ldf Aofh cfpg] nf]edf km;]sf ;j{;fwf/0fsf art /sd hf]lvddf k'u]sf] 5. g]tfx?n] ;Qf / zlQmsf cf8df ;j{;fwf/0fsf] /sd ;:tf] Aofhdf lng] t/ u|}X If]qdf nufgL ug{] k|s/0fsf sf/0f b]ze/sf ;xsf/Lx? hf]lvddf k'u]sf x'g\. ;xsf/Ldf ePsf lxgfldgf 5fgljg ;ldltsf gfddf s]lx ;xsf/Lsf] dfq} u/]/ ;Dej klg x'Fb}g / To;n] b]ze/Lsf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ klg ;Sb}g. ;du| d'n'sdf ePsf ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ Aojl:yt ug{, ;xsf/Ldf ePsf] art ;'/lIft /xg lbg, To;sf] k|Tofe'lt /fHon] u/fpg / nufgL u/]sf C0fx? c;'nL ug{ l9nfO{ eO{;s]sf] 5. /fHon] ;+;lbo 5fgljg ;ldlt agfP/ km]; ;]leË u/]sf] eP klg ;j{;fwf/0f To;af6 ;Gt'i6 5}gg\. oltv]/ s]lx ;xsf/Lsf ;+rfnsx? kqmfp k/]sf 5g\. sflGtk'/ ;]leª PG8 qm]l86 sf]–ck/]l6e lnld6]8sf tTsfnLg cWoIf ;LaL nfdf kqmfp k/]sf x'g\. pgL g]kfnL sfFu|];sf k"j{ sf]iffWoIf Pj+ @)&$ ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf k|b]z ;efsf pDd]bjf/ lyP. sf7df8f}+ pkTosf ck/fw cg';Gwfg sfo{fnosf] 6f]nLn] pgnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] xf]. pgnfO{ ef/tLo ;Ldf 5]paf6 kqmfp ul/Psf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5. pgL g]kfnL sfFu|]; sfe|]sf dxf;ldlt ;b:o ;d]t 5g\. pgL kz'klt ;]leË P08 qm]l86sf cWoIf ;d]t x'g\. sflGtk'/ ;xsf/Lsf] ^ ca{ / kz'kltsf] @ ca{ u/L * ca{ /sd ckrng u/]sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf] 5. sflGtk'/ ;xsf/Lsf tTsfnLg cWoIf nfdf tyf ;~rfnsx¿n] artst{f / ;]o/ ;b:osf] ;fF9] ^ ca{ b'?kof]u u/L JolQmut gfddf 3/hUuf, lghL sDkgL / l/;f]6{df nufgL u/]sf lyP. sf7df8f}+sf] k'/fgf] / w]/} artstf{ ePsf]dWo] Ps sflGtk'/ ;xsf/Ln] zfvf tyf ;]jf s]Gb| u/L !* 7fpFdf ;]jf lj:tf/ u/]sf] lyof]. s'g} ;do sl/a !$ xhf/ art vftf vf]lnPsf] ;xsf/Ldf clxn] klg sl/a & xhf/ artstf{sf] ^ ca{ !# s/f]8 art 5 eg] ;xsf/Lsf] ;]o/ k"FhL sl/a $( s/f]8 5. ;xsf/Ln] ^ ca{ @@ s/f]8 C0f nufgL u/]sf] ljj/0f ;xsf/L ljefudf a'emfPsf] 5. of] C0fsf] 7"nf] lx:;f ;xsf/Lsf tTsfnLg cWoIf ;LaL nfdf, jt{dfg cWoIf lxdfno ljqmd dn\n 7s'/L, k|aGw ;~rfns k|]dWjh tfdfª, ;~rfnsx¿ hf]unfn nfdf, ;fg'sfG5f nfdf, gf/fo0fk|;fb l/dfn, O{Gb' yfkf / b]j/fh k/fh'nL nufotn] dgf]dfgL 9+un] 3/hUuf, qm;/ pBf]u, lghL c:ktfnb]lv sn]hdf vGofPsf 5g\. efu]/ ljb]z hfg] qmddf pgnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] 5. ;xsf/Lsf gfddf caB } wGbf ;r + fng ugx{] ?nfO{ wdfwd kqmfp u/L artstfs { f] /sd lkmtf{ u/fpg] jftfj/0f /fHon] agfpg' cfjZos 5. C0f nUgx]?n] klg ;dodf ltg,{] ltg{ cfgfsfgL u/] sfgg " L sf/jfxLsf] ks | o [ f cl3 a9fpg] / p;nfO{ lnPsf] C0f ;xh ?kdf ltg{ cg/'fw ] ug'{ h?/L 5. sfek]|nf~rfs ] lhNnfdf ;xsf/L, ;g ' tyf cGo ks | /0fdf gt ] fx? wdfwd kqmfp k/s ] f 5g.\ sflGtk/' ;xsf/Lsf l;jL nfdf, sfu F ; ]| sf lhNnf ;b:o ysd { fg nfdf klg kqmfp k/s ] f 5g.\ ljsf; nfdf dnåf/ ;g ' ks | /0fdf km/f/ 5g.\ cGo sl]x gt ] f kqmfp k/s ] f 5g.\ ljleGg ck/fwdf /fhgLlts bn, /fhgLlts bnsf lhDdj ] f/ gt ] fx? ;n + Ug xg ' ] u/s ] f 36gfn] cfd gful/sx?nfO{ /fhgLlt / /fhgLlt ug]{ gt ] fx? kl|t s:tf] bl[i6sf0]f /xnf< ;fr ] gLo ljifodf lsg /fhgLlts bn / ltgsf sfos { tfx{?sf] rt ] cfpb F g } <

;d[4============================ gu/kflnsfleq kg]{ gu/sf]6, 7'nLrf}/ nufotsf :yfgdf yk Jojl:yt, k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ;lxt ;+/If0f / cfjZos k|rf/ k|rf/ ug]{ . e'Dn'sf] bf]nfn3f6, d'nvs{ led;]g:yfg nufotsf ko{6sLo If]qx?sf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug]{ . w'lnv]nsf] b]lj:yfg nufotsf ljleGg :yfgdf /x]sf ko{6sLo :ynx?sf] ;+/If0f ;lxt k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ . >L/fdkf6L If]qsf] pTvgg\ u/L ;+/If0f ug]{ . cGo ;a} kflnsfx?df /x]sf wfld{s If]qx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/, ;+/If0f / k|j{4g ug]{ . x/]s kflnsfdf sDtLdf Ps xf]d:6], Ps ko{6sLo uGtAo lgdf{0f ug]{ . gdf]a'4–# / w'lnv]ndf v'nf lrl8ofvfgf :yfkgf ug]{ . e'd]8fF8fdf r/f cWoog s]G› :yfkgf ug]{ . l;d;f/ If]qsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu of]hgf agfpg] . k/Dk/fut kf]v/L, a/ lkkn rf}tf/Lx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ . jf6/ l/rfh{sf nflu 8fF8fx?df kf]v/L lgdf{0f ug]{ . s[lif kz'kfngM ;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIo cg';f/ x/]s gful/ssf] cfo:t/ psf:g x/]s kflnsfdf jftfj/0f cg's"n kmnkm'n pTkfbgdf k|f]T;fxg ug]{ . Ps j8f Ps g;{/L / Ps kflnsf Ps ljz]if s[lif pTkfbg s]G›sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cl3 a9fpg] . rf}jf; If]q / jflN6Ëdf af]6flgsn uf8]{g ;lxtsf] lrof pTkfbg au}rf lgdf{0f ug]{ . ag]kf / w'lnv]ndf af]6flgsn uf8]{g lgdf{0f ug]{ . Joj;flos kz'kfng / Joj;foLs t/sf/L v]ltdf hf]8 lbg] . lhNnfdf PDa'n]G; ;lxtsf] ;'ljwf;DkGg kz' c:ktfn lgdf{0f ug]{ . s[lif tyf kz'hGo pkhsf] u'0f:t/ hfFrs]G› :yfkgf ug]{ . ljZjljBfno tyf z}lIfs If]qM dbg e08f/L lj1fg tyf k|ljwL ljZjljBfno / dbg e08f/L k|f}wf]lus ljZjljBfnosf] lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ pRr k|fyldstfdf /fVg] . k|lt/Iff ljZjljBfno lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ lta|tf lbg] . sfe|] lhNnfdf lqljsf] cf+uLs sn]h :yfkgf ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Ps k|fljlws ljBfno :yfkgf ug]{ . x/]s ljBfnodf lj1fg ul0ft / cfO{6L k7gkf7gnfO{ Aojl:yt ug]{ . vuf]n zf:q cWoog s]G› lgdf{0f ug]{ . cGoM lkmNd l;6L :6'l8of] lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ lta|tf k|bfg ug]{ . dfp06]g :kf]6{; Ps]8]dLsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ . x/]s gu/ tyf kflnsfx?df gd'gf / Aojl:yt zx/ lgdf{0f ug]{ . x/]s kflnsfdf Ps v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ug]{ . lhNnfdf lqms]6 v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ug]{ . ;Defljt gbLx?df ljB't u[x :yfkgf ug]{ . ;Defjgf cWoog ul/ hnljxf/ :yn lgdf{0f ug]{ . k'/ftfTjLs tyf ;f+:s[lts ;+u|fxno lgdf{0f ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Ps snf / ;flxTo s]G› :yfkgf ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Pp6f 7'nf] ko{6sLo, wfld{s / ;fF:s[lts kfs{ lgdf{0f ug]{ . k|To]s kflnsfdf dlxnf, o'jf, blnt, / ul/j kl/ifbx? u7g ul/ :j/f]huf/Lsf] s fd ug]{ / ul/aL lgjf/0f ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Ps cTofw'lgs Aofofdzfnf, of]u tyf k|fs[lts lrlsT;f s]G› lgdf{0f ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Ps cgfyfno :yfkgf ug]{ . lhNnfsf ;a} a:tLx?df Ps 3/ Ps :jR5 vfg]kfgLsf] wf/fsf] Aoj:yf ug]{ . ;a} al:tdf O{G6/g]6 ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ . lkmNd l;6L :6'l8of] lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ lta|tf k|bfg ug]{ . dfp06]g :kf]6{; Ps]8]dLsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ . x/]s gu/ tyf kflnsfx?df gd'gf / Jojl:yt zx/ lgdf{0f ug]{ . x/]s kflnsfdf Ps v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ug]{ . lhNnfdf lqms]6 v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ug]{ . ;Defljt gbLx?df ljB't u[x :yfkgf ug]{ . ;Defjgf cWoog ul/ hnljxf/ :yn lgdf{0f ug]{ . k'/ftflTjs tyf ;fF:s[lts ;+u|fxno lgdf{0f ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Ps snf / ;flxTo s]G› :yfkgf ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Pp6f 7'nf] ko{6sLo, wfld{s / ;fF:s[lts kfs{ lgdf{0f ug{] . k|To]s kflnsfdf dlxnf, o'jf, blnt, / ul/a kl/ifb\x? u7g ul/ :j/f]huf/Lsf] sfd ug]{ / ul/aL lgjf/0f ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Ps cTofw'lgs Jofofdzfnf, of]u tyf k|fs[lts lrlsT;f s]G› lgdf{0f ug]{ . Ps kflnsf Ps cgfyfno :yfkgf ug]{ . lhNnfsf ;a} a:tLx?df Ps 3/ Ps :jR5 vfg]kfgLsf] wf/fsf] Aoj:yf ug]{ . ;a} al:tdf O{G6/g]6 ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ . l;+uf] sfe|] lhNnfsf] ef}ule{s cWoog ug]{ . -k|fs[lts >f]t, ljkb cj:yf, s[lif pTkfbg, al:t ljsf; cfbL_ Xof08Lqmfˆ6 pTkfbg tyf laqmL s]G› :yfkgf ug]{ . lhNnfsf] dfO{qmf] Psf]lgldS; :6f6;sf] cg';Gwfg ug]{ . /f;folgs dnsf] e08f/0f Ifdtf a[l4 ug]{ . lhNnfdf /x]sf ;a} k|d'v gbL hnfwf/ If]qsf] ;+/If0fsf] of]hgf agfpg] . lhNnfsf k|d'v zx/x?df zx/L ;f}Gbo{s/0f kl/of]hgf nfu' ug]{ . sDkf]i6 dn pTkfbg / kfgL ;'l4s/0f ;lxtsf] Plss[t kmf]xf]/d}nf Aoj:yfkg cfof]hgf ;~rfng ug]{ . ;fd"lxs c7f]6 / kxnsbdLaf6 ;an kf6L{ lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sb5f}+ . ;an / qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ lgdf{0faf6 dfq} xfdLn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ nIox? k|fKt ug{ ;Sb5f}+ . o;df xfdL ;a}sf] lx:;]bf/L / e"ldsf cfjZos 5 . xfd|f] clj>fd ;lqmotfn] kf6L{ yk ;'b[9 aGg] / xfd|f ;a} nIox?n] ;fy{stf k|fKt ug]{ ljZjf; lnPsf 5f}+ . -of] k|ltj]bg Pdfn]sf] !! cf} lhNnf clwj]zgdf k|:t't eO{ kfl/t ePsf] xf] . o;nfO{ pko'Qm 7fg]/ k|sfzg ul/Psf] xf] ._

k|ltj]bgdf ;j{;Ddt

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf] !! cf} lhNnf clwa]zgsf] aGb ;qdf lhNnf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] /fhgLlts, ;+u7gfTds tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/] . cWoIf d08nsf cWoIf Pj+ kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf lhNnf OGhfr{ s[i0f /fO{sf] cWoIftfdf z'? ePsf] aGb ;qdf g]tfx?n] k|lzIf0ffTds wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . k|:t't ul/Psf ;a} k|ltj]bgx? ;j{;Ddltn] kf; eP . cWoIf d08ndf afudtL k|b]z sld6L cWoIf s}nfz 9'Ë]n, s]lGb|o ;b:o4o gljgf nfdf / slknb]j kf]v/]n, k|b]z sld6L pkfWoIf wfjf bf]h{] nfdf /x]sf 5g\ . aGb ;qdf :yfoL sld6L ;b:o Pj+ k|b]z sld6L OGrfh{ u'? a/fn, kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o uf]s'n af:sf]6f, s]lGb|o sld6L ;b:ox? /]zd nfdf, ?sd0fL a/fO{nL, k|b]z sld6Lsf gj/fh l;njfn nufotsf g]tfx?sf] cfltYotf /x]sf] 5 . cWoIf d08nn] o1/fh kf08]sf] ;+of]hsTjdf nfntf/f clwsf/L, k|lbk ;fksf]6f, k|lbk :ofªtfg / /fh]Gb| kl08t /x]sf] lgjf{rg sld6L u7g u/]sf] lyof] . pQm lgjf{rg sld6Ln] lgjf{rg sfo{qmd ul//x]sf] 5 . !) j6f l8lh6n d]lzg dtbfg ug{] u/L tof/L ul/Psf] Pdfn]n] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . ^ ;o (@ k|ltlglwn] dtbfgdf efu lng]5g . Pdfn] sfe|]df @)*) r}q d;fGt;Dd !# xhf/ # ;o ( hgfn] ;b:otf gljs/0f u/fPsf 5g\ . kf6L{ cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] ;lrjfnon] kf; u/]sf] ;d[4 sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf lgdf{0fdf Pdfn]sf of]hgfx? k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;fy} cfufdL sfo{of]hgf, ;+u7gfTds / /fhgLlts k|ltj]bgdf cWoIf Aof~h'n] k|:t't u/]sf ljifodf k|ltlgwLx?n] 5nkmndf efu lnPsf lyP .

o:tf] lyof] tof/L

@)*! h]7 @* b]lv w'lnv]ndf z'? ePsf] clwa]zgsf] k"j{ tof/L w'lnv]n gu/ sld6Ln] eAo ?kdf u/]sf] lyof] . ;xefuLx?nfO{ 3fddf lztn agfpg kfgL, :jo+;]js tyf w]/} AolQmx? ;xeflu ePsfn] cfjZos x'g] zf}r nufotdf ;xhLs/0f u/]sf lyP . !) cf}+ lhNnf clwa]zgdf @% xhf/ eGbf w]/} ;xefuL u/fO{ lhNnfdf P]ltxfl;s ;DkGg u/]sf] g]skf Pdfn]n] !! cf} lhNnf clwa]zgdf gd'gf sfe|], ;Da[4 sfe|]nLsf] kl/sNkgfnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{ yk of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ cj;/nfO{ tNnf sld6Lx? ;dIf k'¥ofpg lgb{]zgfTds dGtAo lbPsf lyP . kf6L{ cWoIf czf]s Jof~h"sf] ;+of]hsTjdf k|ltj]bg n]vg ;ldlt, pkfWoIf rGb| nfdfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf cfly{s Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, ;lrj /fhg e't]{nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf k|ltlgwL Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, pk;lrj /fhs'df/ ;fksf]6fsf] ;+of]hsTjdf :jo+;]js kl/rfng ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . clwj]zgsf] nfuL d~r / vfgf Aoj:yfkgsf] ;+of]hg kf6L{ w'lnv]n gu/ sld6Ln] u/]sf] lyof] .

cfhsf] ljrf/

jif{ #) c+s #@ @)*! h]7 #! ut] ljxLjf/

udL{ a9\b}5, s;/L :jf:y /xg] < ;GbLk s]= ;L= kl5Nnf] ;do s]xL lbg b]lv cTolws udL{ a9]sf] 5 . udL{sf] ;do;Fu} ljleGg :jf:Yo ;d:ofx¿ b]lvg] u5{ . :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf cfpg] lj/fdLsf] ;+Vof x]g]{ xf] eg] klg of] tYo ;lhn} kQf nufpg ;lsG5 . udL{sf] ;dodf lemËf, nfdv'§], ;fª\nfsf] a[4L x'g] x'gfn] ljleGg lsl;dsf ;+qmd0fsf] km}ng] ub{5 . o:tf] df};ddf vfg]s'/f rfF8} ;8\g] ePsf]n] vfWo ljzfQmtf km'8 KjfO{hlgªsf hf]lvd w]/} x'G5 . of] ;dodf ljleGg k|sf/sf ;+qmd0faf6 Hj/f] cfpg], 8fOl/of x'g],n' nufPtsf k|d'v :jf:Yo ;d:of b]vfkg{ ;S5 . udL{ofddf vfgkfgdf x'g] c;Gt' n gsf sf/0f z/L/df /f] u k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf klg sdhf]/ x'G5 . udL{ tyf jiff{tsf ;dodf cf}nf] 8]+uL O{G;]kmnfO{l6; h:tf 3fts /f]ux?sf] ;d]t k|sf]k b]lvg] ;Defjgf pRr x'G5 . udL{sf] df};ddf km'8 KjfOhgsf] ;Defjgf klg clws x'g] ub{5 . af;L vfgfsf] k|of]u tyfg b'lift kfgLdf kvfn]sf vfgfx?n] km'8 KjfOhgsf] ;d:of lgDtfpg] ub{5 .

KjfOhgsf] sf/0f afGtf cfpg], l/Ë6f nfUg],

Hj/f], 8fol/of, 6fpsf] b'vfO, z/L/ b'Vg] h:tf ;d;ofx? b]lvg] ub{5 . udL{ s f] ;dodf z/L/af6 clws kl;gf lg:sfzg x'g] x'gfn] z/L/df hnljof]hg x'g] x'Fbf l8xfO8«];gsf] ;d:ofsf sf/0f 6fpsf] b'Vg], ysfg dx;'; x'g], 3fF6L cyjf cf]7 ;'Sg], lk;fasf] /Ë kl/jt{g x'g], xft v'§fsf] b'vfO x'g], l/Ë6f nfUg] h:tf nIf0fx¿ b]lvg ;S5g. lo hnljof]hgsf sf/0f x'g ;Sg] :jf:Yo ;d:ofx? x'g h'g clws udL{sf sf/0f b]vf kg]{ ub{5g . udL{sf] ;dodf :jf:Yosf] Vofn /fVg g;s]df la/fdL x'g]dfq x}g csfn d[To'sf] ;d]t hf]lvd x'G5 . o:tf] ;d:ofx?af6 aRg xNsf / ;xhkRg] vfg]s'/f vfg'k5{ . cTolws zf/Ll/s >d ug{' x'Gg . v'Nnf tyf xfjf cfjthfjt ug]{ sf]7fdf a:g'k5{ . cfj:oQmf cg';f/ cf/fd ug{'k5{ . cTolws udL{ ;dodf aflx/ lg:sg' x'b}g . b"w, lrof, h'; h:tf t/n kbfy{x? k|;:t dfqfdf lkpg'k5{ t/, e'6]sf], tf/]sf], d;n]bf/ vfg]s'/f sd dfqfdf ;]jg ug{' kb{5 . ;s];Dd h+s km'8x?sf] pkof]u gug{' /fd|f] x'G5 . l8xfO8«];gaf6 aRgsf nflu k|z:t dfqfdf kfgL lkpg'k5{ . sfddf Jo:t x'g' x'G5 eg] klg aLraLrdf cln cln u/L kfgL lkpFb} ug{'kb{5 . km'8 KjfOhgaf6 tTsfn /fxt kfpgsf nflu Ps Unf; dg tftf] kfgLdf sfutL, g'g / ;Vv/ ld;fP/ lkpg'k5{ .olb km'8 KjfOhg ePsf] xf] eg] b"w cyjf 8]/L k|f]8S6sf vfgfx? tyf df+zfxf/L vfgfaf6

udL{ofddf vfgkfgdf x'g] c;Gt'ngsf sf/0f z/L/df /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf klg sdhf]/ x'G5 . aRg'k5{ . emf8f tyf jfGtf;Fu} Hj/f] klg b]lvPsf] 5 eg] t'?Gt :jf:ysdL{sf] ;Nnfx lnP/ pkrf/ ;'? ug{' kb{5 . o:tf] udL{ ;dodf nfdv'§] tyf e';'gf 6f]sfO{ af6 aRg ;fy} dn]l/of, O{G;]ˆnfO{l6; h:tf /f]u af6 aRg em'n nufP/ ;'Tg' ;a} eGbf /fd|f] pkfo xf] . 3/ tyf sf]7fsf ‰ofn9f]sfdf hfnL /fVg' k5{ . 3/ jl/kl/ kfgLsf vfN6f, kmf]xf]/ kfgL hDg] :yfgx? kl/lbP/ tyf ;kmf u/]/ r'gf 5/]/ nfdv'§] h:tf ls/faf6 aRg ;lsG5 . udL{ ;dodf xn'sf v's'nf] n'uf nufpg], 3fdaf6 cfF v fsf] ;' / Iffsf nfuL ;gUnf;sf] k|of]u ug]{, 5fnfsf] ;'/Iffsf] nfuL ;gOl:qmg lqmdsf] k|of]u ug]{ ;lsG5 aflx/ 3fddf lg:sFbf 5ftf cf]8]/ lxF8\g], lkpg] ;kmf kfgL cfkm};Fu af]s]/ lxF8\g] hyfefjL kfgL gvfg] ug{' /fd|f] x'G5 .

kfgL pdfn]/ ;]nfP/ lkpg] ubf{ klg udL{ofdsf w]/} /f]uaf6 aRg ;lsG5 . udL{ eP klg a/kmo'Qm / u'lnof] k]o kbfy{n] z/L/nfO{ c;/ ug]{ x'gfn] clt lr;f] / clt u'lnof] gvfg' g} a]; x'G5 . u'0f:t/xLg a/km, b"lift kfgL, ;8sdf hyfefjL a]lrPsf kmnkm"n cflbsf sf/0f :jf:Yo hf]lvd al9 x'G5 . ;kmf v/a'hf, sfFqmf] jf lv/f, …a]/LÚ k|hfltsf kmnx?, sfutLsf] /; ld;fPsf] kfgL nufPt tfhf k'lbgfsf] r6gL, ;'vf kfk8, cb'jf, n;'g, d]jf, pv' jf gl/jnsf] /;, a]nsf] ;a{t, udL{ ;dodf ;]jg ug{' /fd|f] x'G5 . gl/jnsf] kfgLdf s] / fdf eGbf a9L kf]6fl;odsf] dfqf x'g] x'gfn] :jf:ysf nflu nfebfos x'G5 . ;r]t /xg', xf]l;of/ xg' / :j:y /xg' g} a'WbdfgL xf] . n]vs w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf :jf:Yo zfvf k|d'v x'g'x'G5 .

g]tfsf]============================================================================================= eof] eg] ;dfhjfbLnfO{ c;xh eof] . dxfGofoflwaQmfsf] sfof{noaf6 ;d]t s;'/ k|dfl0ft gu/fpg k|x/L sfof{no / ;/sf/L jsLnsf] sfof{nonfO{ bafa lbO{Psf] cleof]u kqaf6 k'i6L x'G5 . klxn] bf]>f] gDj/df /x]sf b'uf{nfn tfdfª / lw/h eGg] Zofds[i0f d}gfnLsf] gfd x6fP/ t]>f] gDj/df ljho x'dfufO{sf] ;hfoF dfu bfjL ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{non] ! gDj/ kl5 Ps} k6s # gDj/sf] cleo'QmnfO{ x'g' kg{] ;hfoF dfu bfjL u/]sf] 5 . bf]>f] gDj/df /flvPsf AolQmx?sf] gfd / cleof]u, dfubfjL g} l8n]6 ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] klg ;a}sf] ldn]dQf]df b]p;L ;kmn ePsf] k|i6 x'G5 . %$ s/f]8 (( nfv & ;o *) ?k}ofF Ifltk"lt{ dfubfjL ul/Psf] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] rlr{t ck/flws 36gfdf ;+nUg cleo'Qmx?nfO{ lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsnsf] sfof{non] km/s km/s cleof]hgdf d'2f btf{ u/]sf] lyof] . lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] kqmfp k/]sf d'Vo of]hgfsf/ l;hg eGg] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª / kf6L{ut lhDd]jf/L lng] ljZjgfy rf}w/LnfO{ k'k{Ifsf nflu sf/fuf/ k7fpg] cfb]z u/]sf] 5 . ltg} dfgaxfb'/ tfdfªn] @)&^ ;fn b]lv dfnfdf ljjfb ub{} cfPsf lyP . pgs} of]hgfdf ci6«]lnof /x]sf sljGb| tfdfª / l5d]sL b]z rLgdf /x]sf ofª s}lnªnfO{ ?v sf6\g' s]lx lbg cl3 g]kfn lemsfPsf lyP . ?v sf6\g] of]hgf agfpbF} k|:tfj ;d]t nu]sf dfgaxfb'/sf] of]hgfdf ;fu/ elgg] /fds[i0f d}gfnL, ljho x'dfufO{, c;n df]Qmfg / cho elgg] /fdhL >]i7 ;xeflu lyP . lhNnf ;/sf/L jsLnsf] sfof{non] kqmfp k/]sf b'uf{nfn tfdfª / lw/h eGg] Zofds[i0f d}gfnLnfO{ %* lbg lx/f;t /fv]/ s;'/ sfod x'g g;s]sf] 7x/ ub{} l/xf u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{nosf lhNnf GofoflwjQmf k|]d/fh kf}8]nsf] pQm lg0f{o zlQm, ;Qf / sfg"gsf wHhL p8fpbF} AolQmut :jfy{df lnKt ePsf] l6Kk0fL ul/Psf] 5 . pQm lg0f{o lj?4 dflyNnf] lgsfodf hfg] tof/L u/]sf] hfx]/jfnf ;ldk lqkf7Ln] atfP . tYo, k|df0f / pknAw cg';Gwfgdf e]l6Psf ;a'bsf cfwf/df kqmfp ul/Psf ;a} AolQmx? pQm 36gfdf of]hgfsf ?kdf ;+nUg ePsf] b]lvG5 . t/ klg lhNnf ;/sf/L jsLnsf] sfof{non] s;'/bf/ g} gb]Vg'sf] k5f8L s] 5 /x:o < %& lbg lx/f;tdf /x]sf AolQmx?sf] s;'/ g} gb]lvPsf] cfwf/ s] xf] < lhNnf GofoflwjQmf kf}8]n eG5g – …/f]zL ufpkFflnsf j8f gDj/ % a:g] lg/axfb'/ tfdfª ;d]tsf] hfx]/Lsf cfwf/df kqmfp ul/Psf dWo] k|ltjfbL k|eft eGg] b'uf{nfn tfdfª / lw/h eGg] Zofds[i0f d}gfnLsf] ;+nUgtf b]lvPg . plgx?sf] ;+nUgtf gb]lvPsfn] s;'/ sfod ug{ sfg'gtM ldng] .Ú olt nfdf] ;dod;Dd lx/f;tdf /fVg' kg{] afWotf s] xf] < kf}8]n eG5g\–…Tof] cg';Gwfgsf] ljifo xf] . d'2fsf] k|s[ltsf cfwf/df AolQmnfO{ lx/f;tdf /fVg ;Sg] Aoj:yf 5 . s;'/ gb]lvP kl5 b'O{ hgfnfO{ cleof]u btf{ gul/Psf] xf] .Ú k|x/Ln] k]z u/]sf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgdf b'uf{nfn tfdfª / Zofds[i0f d}gfnLsf] ;+nUgtf v'n]sf] 5 . k|x/Ln] l;l;l6eL km'6]h, Dof;]Gh/, Rof6, sn /]s8{ nufotsf k|df0fx? ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{nodf a'emfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{non] k|df0fsf] cefj b]vfpbF} xfn d'2f grnfpg] lg0f{o ePsf] / lg0f{o lgsfzsf nflu pRr ;/sf/L jsLnsf] sfof{no kf6g nlntk'/df k7fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . y'g5]s cfb]zdf s] 5 < /f]zL ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ % a:g] lg/axfb'/ tfdfª ;d]t hfx]/Ln] ;fljs 7'nf] k;{]n uflj; j8f g+ # 7'nf]k;{]n a:g] aif{ $! sf] l;hg eGg] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª, lhNnf lrtjg ;fljs z'qmgu/ uf=lj=; j8f gDj/ ( xfn e/tk'/ dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g @% hAsf a:g] aif{ $! sf] dx]z rf}w/L, dfxfla/ eGg] ljZjgfy rf}w/L, t]dfn ufFpkflnsf j8f g+ ^ a:g] aif{ @* sf] slaG› tfdfª, /f]zL ufFpkflnsf j8f g+ % a:g] aif{ $! sf] ;fu/ d}gfnL eGg] /fds[i0f d}gfnL, /f]zL ufFpkflnsf j8f % a:g] aif{ @& sf] laho x'dfufO{, ;flas kmf]lS;ª6f/ ufla;j8f g+ # xfn kl/jlt{t dxfef/t ufFpkflnsf j8f g+ # a:g] aif{ #% sf] c;n df]Qmfg, ;flas ;flkª uflj; j8f gDj/ ^ xfn kl/jlt{t e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ ! a:g] aif{ #% sf] /tg, cho eGg] /fdhL >]i7, l5d]sL b]z l;Gr'jfg k|fGt a:g] rfO{lgh gful/s aif{ #* sf ofª s}lnª lj?4 laikmf]6s kbfy{, cfk/flws pk›j ;DjGwL s;"/ / ;+u7Lt ck/fw ;DjGwL d'2f btf{ ul/Psf] 5 . lt dWo] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª / lrtjg k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] ljZjgfy rf}w/L afx]s ;a} km/f/ elgPsf] 5 . lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]ssf GofofwLz /fh]Gb| g]kfnsf] cfb]zn] ;f]daf/ ;fFem kqmfp k/]sf dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª / ljZjgfy rf}w/LnfO{ k'k{Ifdf /fVg] cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . cGonfO{ kqmfp cfb]z hf/L ePsf] lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]ssL clws[t Pj+ ;"rgf

clwsf/L lx/fs'df/L e08f/Ln] hfgsf/L lbO{g\ . hfx]/jfnf ;ldk lqkf7Lsf] (^ nfv & ;o *) / lg/axfb'/ tfdfª, hUufwgLx? aL/axfb'/ tfdfª, lbnaxfb'/ tfdfª, 7Ss' tfdfª, z]/axfb'/ tfdfª, wgaxfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ bfdf;fxLsf] lx;fan] %$ s/f]8 # nfv Ifltk'lt{ e/fpg ;/sf/L jlsnsf] sfof{non] cleof]u btf{ u/]sf] 5 . ;Tod\ lnDa'sf xsdf k|x/Ln] s]lx af]n]sf] 5}g . pgL ;Dks{df ;d]t gcfPsfn] ;Dks{df cfPsf avt d'2f rnfpg] k|x/Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L jlsnsf] sfof{non] k|ltjfbL ;fu/ elgg] Zofds[i0f d}gfnL, c;n df]Qmfg, dxfjL/ elgg] ljZjgfy rf}w/L / lrlgofF gful/s ofª s}lnªnfO{ lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ ;DjGwL s;'/, cfk/flws pkb|j, Plss[t s;'/ / ;+ul7t ck/fwdf ;hfFosf] dfu bfjL u/]sf] 5 .

To:t} k|ltjfbL ljho x'dfufO{sf] xsdf yk ;hfoF dfu ul/Psf] 5 . o;cl3sf] d'2fdf ;d]t pgsf xsdf * jif{ s}b / *) xhf/ h/Ljgf 7x/ ePsf] 5 . l;hg eGg] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª / sljGb| tfdfªsf] xsdf ;+ul7t ck/fw btf{ ul/Psf] 5}g . hasL d'Vo of]hgfsf/ g} dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª / sljGb| tfdfª ;d]t x'g\ . lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ ;DjGwL s;'/df % jif{;Dd s}b / %) xhf/ hl/jfgf, cfk/flws pkb|j s;'/df @ jif{ b]lv % jif{;Dd s}b / aL; xhf/ b]lv %) xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf, dltof/sf] xsdf yk ;hfoF / PsLs[t s;'/ u/] afkt tyf yk ;hfoF ;DaGwL s;'/ dfu ul/Psf] 5 .

36gf s] xf] < ;fljs l;;fvfgL uflj; ( xfnsf] /f]zL ufpkFflnsf % df /x]sf] lsQf gDj/ (&( sf] If]qkmn )–^–)–) hUufdf /x]sf] 7'nf] a'4lrQsf] ?vdf kmNg] a'4lrQsf bfgfx? cl3Nnf jif{x?df ;Demf}tf u/L sf/f]jf/ ;d]t ePsf] lyof] . kl5Nnf] ;do hfx]/L lbPsf dWo] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª ;d]tn] a'4lrQsf bfgfx? pwf/f] dfUg], ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] /sd glbg] u/]kl5 hUufwgL 7s'/fgL tfdfªn] ;dLk lqkf7Lsf] ;d'x;uF @)*! sf] l;hgdf kmNg] a'4lrQsf bfgfx?sf] ;Demf}tf u/L () nfv ?k}ofdFf lsg]a]rsf] ;Demf}tf @)*) ;fpg !( ut] ePsf] lyof] . ;f]lx ;Demf}tf cg';f/ lqkf7L ;d'xn] 7s'/fgLnfO{ a}gf afktsf] %) nfv ?k}ofF e'QmfgL ePsf] lyof] . pQm a'4lrQsf bfgfx? kmNg] ?v g} % jif{sf] nflu df}lvs ;Demf}tf u/L lnvt ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] . k|To]s jif{ :yfgLo txnfO{ a'emfpg] s/ afx]s dfnf wgLnfO{ () nfv ?k}ofF lbg] u/L sf/f]jf/ ug{] ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . @)*) r}q @( ut] /flt ;f9F] !! ah]sf] ;dodf xftxltof/ ;lxt 3/sf] $ 7fpdFf ad /flv 3/df ;'t]sf kl/jf/nfO{ / l5d]sLnfO{ ;d]t aflx/ lg:sg glbO{ uf]nL 7f]Sg] wlDs lbb} ljB'tLo cf/f] k|of]u u/L af}4 wdf{jnDaLx?n] k|of]u ug{] ax'd'No dfnf kmNg] ?v sfl6lbO{ 3/ hUuf lwtf] /fvL u/]sf] nufgL ;d]t 8'a]sf] 5 . pQm ;Demf}tfaf6 w]/} Iflt ePsfn] c;'n pk/ u/L 8fs F f, lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ / ;+ul7t ck/fwdf sf/jfxL ul/ kfpF eGg] Aoxf]/fsf] lgj]bg lqkf7Ln] btf{ u/]sf lyP . @)&& ;fndf t]dfn ufpFkflnsf ^ 3/ ePsf $! alif{o l;hg eGg] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfªn] /f]zL ufpFkflnsf % l:yt 7s'/fgL tfdfª;Fu lsg]sf a'4lrQsf bfgfx? ljv{axfb'/ tfdfª ;d]t ( hgfsf] ;d'n] n'6]sf] cleof]udf 8fFsf ;DjGwL d'2f btf{ u/]sf lyP . @)&& c;f]h @^ ut] btf{ ul/Psf] 8fFsf, Hofg dfg{] pBf]u / xftxltof/ v/vhgf ;DjGwL d'2fdf @)*! a}zfv @% ut] lhNnf cbfntn] ;hfFo lgwf{/0f u/]sf] lyof] . @)&& ;fndf lgj]bg lbP/ kLl8t ePsf dfgaxfb'/ clxn] lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ ;lxtsf] ?v s6fgsf d'Vo of]hgfsf/ x'g\ . 8fFsf, Hofgdfg{] pBf]u / xftxltof/ v/vhgfdf PsLs[t s;'/ jfkt sfn' eGg] /fhs'df/ tfdfª, /fwfs[i0f d}gfnL, ljho x'dfufO{ / ljv{axfb'/ nfdfnfO{ hDdf ( aif{ s}b / () xhf/ ?k}of hl/jgf ul/Psf] 5 . k|ltjfbL ls/0f tfdfªnfO{ hDdf & jif{ # dlxgf s}b / &@ xhf/ % ;o ?k}of hl/jfgf tf]lsPsf] 5 . 8fFsf rf]/L ul/ nu]]sf] ljqmL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] a'4 lrQsf] bfgfsf] d'No ufpFkflnsfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg{] s/ ;lxtsf] () nfv, l;l;l6eL Sofd]/fsf] (^ xhf/ ! ;o, 3fO{t]x?sf] pkrf/ afktsf] @$ xhf/ @ ;o $( ?k}of bfdf;fxLn] e/fO{ lbg] cbfntn] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} s'?jf AolQmx?sf] ! nfv ^) xhf/ ^ ;o ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] df]afO{n afktsf] Ifltk"lt{ eg] bfjL gk'Ug] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . 36gfdf ;+nUg cGonfO{ kqmfp k'hL{ hf/Lsf] cfb]z Tolta]nf g} eP klg k|x/Ln] afFsLnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . k|x/Ln] bf]>f] 36gfdf kqmfp k/]sf t/ %* lbg kl5 s;'/bf/ g7x/] klg cl3Nnf] d'2fdf ( jif{ s}b / () xhf/ hl/jgf tf]lsPsf dWo]sf /fwfs[i0f d}gfnLnfO{ sf/fuf/ k7fPsf] 5 . k6s k6s ljjfb Nofpg] d'Vo AolQm g} l;hg eGg] dfgaxfb'/ /x]sf] cg';Gwfgaf6 v'n]sf] 5 .

s;n] slt dt kfP < cWoIf M /fhg e't{]n #*), rGb| axfb'/ nfdf @((, pkfWoIf b]j;fu/ nfdf $&!, cfTdf/fd yfkf @)*, ;lra M /fhs'df/ ;fksf]6f $$$, xf]d k|;fb rf}nfufO{ @#%, pk;lrj dlxnf ;'o{dfof bg'jf/ #^!, zfGtf Gof}kfg] *), kljqf e't{]n @#*, pk;lra v'Nnf /Tgs'z /l~htsf/ #@$, x/L s'df/ d}gfnL @)@, k'?iff]td clwsf/L !%#, ;b:ox? ef}uf]lns -ag]kf_ c/laGb| uf}td #$&, ch{'g k|;fb l3ld/] @^#, s[i0fk|;fb bfxfn #&&, rGb| axfb'/ v8\sf #%#, ;Gtf]if bfxfn @^&, Zofd ;fksf]6f #^$, k'?iff]td >]i7 @^#, an/fd clwsf/L #^!, d's'Gb nfld5fg] @&), ljqmd k|hfklt @!%, Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7 #!#, dgf]/y cfrfo{ !$(, lza yfkf @^#, ;Gtf]if l3ld/] @^(, ;b:ox? ef}uf]lns-w''lnv]n_ ljsf; >]i7 !^^, rGb| k|;fb xf]dfufO{ @$*, wfjf nfdf @$(, cgGt Gof}kfg] @!$, ;'Gb/ nfdf @%@, l;tf/fd e§/fO{ !@(, b]a]Gb| rf}nfufO{ !(&, lg/h v8\sf @^#, Zofd;'Gb/ rf}nfufO{ #@^, l;lj tfdfË @#*, cldt vf]h' @!(, b]jk|;fb sf]O{/fnf #@&, xl/rGb| l3ld/] #@), w'lnv]n o'jf ldng s'df/ uf}td $#*, dlgif 9'Ëfgf @$!, ;b:ox? ef}uf]lus-kgf}tL_ >Ls[i0f yfkf @&$, ;'b{zg x'dfufO{ #(&, k|sfz aGhf/f $^*, ;f}uft a:g]t #)$, xl/z/0f ;'o{j+zL @!@, p4a ;fksf]6f $#^, /fh]Gb| s];L #&&, cSsnl;+ yfkf !(*, ;'gdfof >]i7 k|wfg #)), ljlkg nfdf $@(, kgf}tL o'jf lbk]z l3ld/] $$!, cd[t x'dfufO{ @#*, ;b:ox? ef}uf]lus-d08gb]pk'/_ zl;w/ 9sfn !%(, k|sfz g]kfn @%) zDe'k|;fb kf}8\ofn ###, gj/fh 9sfn $&(, k|sfz

/f]Ssf #@^, emns jfO{af @&%, /fdd0fL ;fksf]6f @#!, /fwfs[i0f a:tfsf]6L #$), emns k|;fb kf}8\ofn #@#, gdf]a'4 gkf o'jf lhjg nfdf !*&, s[i0f nfdf !*&, ;l~hj Gof]kfg] ##(, nfnsfhL nfdf %%, ;b:ox? ef}uf]lus-kfFrvfn_ s'df/ 3f]/;fO{g] @#@, wgaxfb'/ tfdfª -nfn_ @@@, lty{ nfdf @(!, dbg 9'Ëgf @)*, /fdz/0f pk|]tL !*), zDe' kf}8]n @^#, ljgf]b ;fksf]6f #^#, xl/ vltj8f @&*, /f]zL o'jf ldng ;fu/ nfdf @*(, led;]g af]xf]/f !)!, uf]ljGb pk|]tL @*(, t]dfn o'jf nfSkf l5l/ª nfdf @)!, z'/]; s'df/ bf]Ë $&*, ;b:ox? ef}uf]lus-rf}/Lb]p/fnL_ /fhs'df/ uf}td @(), s]z/L k|;fb uf}td @$%, afa' s[i0f kGt !(^, pk]Gb| s'df/ l3l;Ë $)@, xl/z/0f v/]n !&@, xl/k|;fb km'ofFn @#*, gf/fo0f k|;fb uf}td @!(, /]zd rf}nfufO{ @&%, blnt v'Nnf ljs; d+u|fGtL @$*, b'uf{ axfb'/ /;fO{nL @!%, v8\u axfb'/ k'/{s]f6L ##&, zDe' ;fsL{ !*(, lji0f' axfb'/ ldhf/-;fu/_ @#^, u0f]z sfnL/fh !^&, lbg]z ljs @)@, k|lbk kl/of/ @%), z+s/ g]fknL bhL{ !(#, blnt dlxnf ;Demgf kl/of/ %!&, /flwsf ljs #^&, pld{nf ljs $&$, hghftL v'Nnf /fd axfb'/ jfO{jf @*!, /f]zg s'df/ >]i7 #$@, 3gZofd nfdf @*!, rqm axfb'/ nfdf @%!, If]q axfb'/ tfdfª @)#, ;b:o v'Nnf-lhNnf e/Laf6_ e}/a s];L !#&, sdn k|;fb l3ld/] !&#, gj/fh e't{]n @*$, pQm axfb'/ >]i7 !!!, /fds[i0f x'dfufO{ !@@, ljqmd rf}nfufO{ @&!, ljb'/ k|;fb x'dfufO{ @^), n]vf ;ldlt ;lrj, uf]ljGb bfxfn #(), lj/gGb tfdfª !($, lzvgfy ahufO{ (% .

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dxfef/tdf * jif{ bl]v #@ dhb/'n] Hofnf kfPgg\ rf}/Lb]p/fnL / e'Dn' ufp“kflndf ahf/ cg'udg dxfef/t÷dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ * 3lt{5fk :jf:Yo rf}sL ejg lgdf{0fsf] 7]Ssf lnO{ lgdf{0fsf] lhDdf lnPsf] ;'gsf]zL lgdf{0f ;]jfn] @)&@ ;fn b]lv lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? ul/ @)&& ;fndf nfdf] ;do nufP/ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/] klg lgdf{0f sfo{df ;+nUg dhb'/x?n] kfl/>lds kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . lgdf{0f sfo{df ePsf] vr{sf] /sd e'QmfgL gx'Fbf 3lt{5fksf $) hgfeGbf w]/} AolQmx? ;+s6df k/]sf 5g\ . pQm ejg cem} x:tfGt/0f ePsf] 5}g . #@ hgf dhb'/x?n] ( jif{ b]lv lgdf{0f Aoj;foL lj/an nfdfn] lbg' kg{] Hofnf tyf cGo vr{ kfpg g;s]sf x'g\ . ^# nfv # xhf/ $ ;o %* ?k}ofF e'QmfgL dfu ub{} :yfgLox?n] ufpFkflnsfsf] GofoLs ;ldlt, dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf, 3lt{5fk :jf:Yo rf}sL, j8f sfof{no, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no tyf zx/L ljsf; dGqfnodf ;d]t lgj]bg lbFbf ;d]t ;'g'jfO{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]df @)&( r}q ! ut] lbPsf] lgj]bgdf cfwf/df @)&( r}q @^ ut] clws[t d'gf s'Fj/n] zx/L ljsf; dGqfnonfO{ kq n]Vb} cfjZos ;xof]u / ;dGjosf nflu cg'/f]w u/]sf] kq k7fPsL lyO{g\ . :yfgLox?n] @)&( ;fpg !! ut] Goflos ;ldltsf ;+of]hs tyf ufpFkflnsf pkfWoIf ;fu/ df]QmfgnfO{ x:tfIf/ / /sd ;lxtsf] Gofosf

nflu lgj]bg lbPsf lyP . 3lt{5fk :jf:Yo rf}sLsf l;lgo/ cx]j-kfFrf}_ a'l2bf; >]i7n] cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷)&* df ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg eP klg ejg lgdf{0fsf qmddf vl6Psf bIf / cbIf sfdbf/x?sf] tf]lsPsf] Hofnf ;d]t glbO{ lgdf{0f Aoj;foL lj/an nfdfn ;Dks{ ljlxg ePsf], ejg x:tfGt/0f gu/]sf], ;]jf k|bfgdf ;d]t c;xh kl/l:ylt lgdf{0f ePsf] atfpFb} Goflos ;ldltnfO{ @)&( k'if * ut] lgdf{0f Aoj;foL lj/jn nfdfnfO{ pkl:yt u/fO{ sfdbf/sf] Hofnf e'QmfgL u/fO{ ejg x:tfGt/0fsf nflu kxn ul/lbg' cg'/f]w ub{} kq n]v]sf lyP . ;f]lx Aoxf]/fsf] kq j8f cWoIf 6+saxfb'/ cfn]n] @)&( ;fpg !! ut] g} Goflos ;ldltnfO{ k7fPsf lyP .

Goflos ;ldltn] lj/an nfdfsf gfddf @)&( r}q !( Dofb hf/L u/L 5nkmnsf nflu pkl:yt x'g tfs]tf u/]sf] lyof] .

Goflos ;ldltsf ;+of]hs Pj+ ufpFkflnsf pkfWoIf ;fu/ df]Qmfgn] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ @)*) h]7 & ut] cfjZos 5nkmnsf nflu kq n]v]sf lyP . w|'j{s'df/ bnf{dL nufot @( hgfsf] ;+o'Qm lgj]bgsf cfwf/df bfjL / lj/jn nfdf k|ltjfbL aLr 5nkmn u/fpg k|oTg u/]sf], t/ k|ltjfbL lj/jn nfdfn] Goflos ;ldltsf] kq, kmf]g, ljljw ;+rf/ dfWodsf k|of;nfO{ ;d]t c6]/ u/L sfg"gL zf;gsf] ;d]t lvNnL p8fpFb} c6]/ u/]sfn] sfg"gL zf;gsf] k|Tofe'lt lbnfO{ lgj]bsx?nfO{ Gofo

lbnfpg cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . pQm lgj]bg pk/ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf 5nkmn eO{ lgdf{0f Aoj;foL lj/an nfdfn] ls:tf ls:tfdf /sd a'emfpF5' eg] klg cem} /sd a'emfPsf 5}gg\ . dhb'/x?sf] 6fon dfj{nsf] sfd u/]sf], l;d]G6 3f]Ng] sfd u/]sf], ;fdfg n}hfg 9'jfgL u/]sf] tyf gub klg lbPsf], em\ofn9f]sf / vfkf /fv]sf], ^ jif{ vfgf v'jfPsf], afn'jf 9'jfgL u/]sf], k;naf6 pwf/f] nu]sf], xf]nkf; agfPsf], ufXf] Knf:6/ u/]sf], jfn'jf rfn]sf], 9'+uf km'6fPsf] nufotsf sfo{x? u/]sf dhb'/ tyf :yfgLox?n] e'QmfgL kfpg g;s]sf x'g\ . k6s–k6s ;Dk{sdf Nofpg] k|oTg ubf{ klg lgdf{0f Aoj;foL lj/jn nfdf cfpg grfx]sf] / k};f lbg] s'/f gu/]sf] kLl8tx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . k|x/L, k|zf;gnfO{ ;d]t c6]/ u/L >dsf] k};f glt{g] Aoj;foL lj?4 7uLdf sf/jfxLsf] dfu ub{} kLl8tx? Gofosf nflu h'6]sf 5g\ . ufpFkflnsf cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDafn] klg k6s–k6s k|oTg ubf{ ejg x:tfGt/0f / dhb'/x?sf] Hofnf e'QmfgLdf lgdf{0f Aoj;foL lj/an nfdfn] sfof{Gjog gu/]sf] atfP . lgdf{0f Aoj;foL lj/an nfdfsf] (*%!)*%)^% gDj/sf] dfj]fOn { df ;Dks { u/L dhb/'sf] Hofnf eQ'mfgL tyf ejg x:tfGt/0fsf af/] hfgsf/L lnbFf kmfg] sfl6lbP . pgn] pQm ljifodf s/'f ug}{ rfxg]g\ .

rfn' cfly{s jif{df dfq} !$ ;o eGbf w]/} k;nsf] cg'udg ul/of] ePsf] 5 .

e'Dn'÷e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf / rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpFkflnsfdf ahf/ cg'udg ul/Psf] 5 . kflnsf leq ;~rfngdf /x]sf e]6]l/g/L, df;', vfBfGg tyf cGo k;nx?sf] cg'udg ul/Psf] lhNnf ahf/ cg'udg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs Pj+ ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;'af; kf}8]nn] atfP . ;xfos k|lhc kf}8]nsf] g]t[Tjdf pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfof{no

w'lnv]nsf k|d'v o1axfb'/ cf]nL, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf clws[t e/t ;fksf]6f, pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfof{no sfe|]sf O{Zj/s'df/ kf08], /ljG›k|;fb rf}+nfufFO{ / ;~rf/sdL{ nufotsf] 6f]nL ahf/ cg'udgdf ;xefuL ePsf] lyof] . lhNnfsf] a]yfGrf]s, /f]zL tyf kfFrvfn, d08gb]pk'/, ag]kf, kgf}tL, w' l nv] n nufotsf kflnsfx?df o;cl3 ljleGg ldltdf ahf/ cg'udg

cg'udgsf qmddf k;nx?df Dofb u'h|]sf cf}ifwLx?, h+skm'8 ;fdfu|L gi6 ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} bh{gf}+ k;nnfO{ ;r]t u/fO{Psf] 5 . e'Dn' ufFpkflnsfdf cf/=cf/= :6]zg/Lsf k|f]kfO{6/ /fhs'df/ nfdfnfO{ % xhf/ ?k}ofF hl/jfgf ul/Psf] 5 . pQm :6]zg/Laf6 ljgf btf{ cf}ifwL a]rlavg u/]sf] / Dofb u'h|]sf] cf]ifwL ljqmL ljt/0f ub{} cfO{/x]sf] km]nf k/]sfn] hl/jfgf ul/Psf] pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfof{no sfe|]sf k|d'v o1axfb'/ cf]nLn] atfP . cg'udgsf qmddf Joj;fo btf{ gu/L ;~rfng u/]sf], ;/;kmfO{df Wofg glbPsf], Dofb ;lsPsf vfB ;fdfu|L ljqmL u/]sf] nufotsf q'6L e]l6Psfn] tTsfn pQm sfo{ gug{ gu/fpg ;r]t u/fO{Psf] cf]nLn] atfP . pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfof{nosf k|d'v o1axfb'/ cf]nLn] pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrttfsf nflu ahf/ cg'udgdf hf]8 lbOPsf] atfP . ahf/ cg'udg lg/Gt/ ul/g] cf]nLn]] atfP . rfn' jif{df ! xhf/ $ ;o eGbf w]/} k;nx?sf] cg'udg ul/Psf] 5 . @ nfv @& xhf/ hl/jfgf ul/Psf] 5 eg] ljleGg k;nx?nfO{ ;r]t u/fO{Psf] pgn] atfP .

pu|tf/f ;xsf/Låf/f k'?ifx?sf] k|f]:6]6 ;DaGwL kl/If0f

ag]kf÷pu|tf/f ax'p2]ZoLo ;b:ox?nfO{ o'/f]nf]lhi6 8fS6/ /fhg @)*! ;fn h]i7 @^ ut] pu|tf/f ;+:yfsf] cfof]hgfdf tyf ag]kf sf]h"Fn] kl/If0f u/fPsf lyP . sfo{s|ddf ;xsf/L ;+ : yfsf ;+ r fns ;ldlt, /f]zLsf] jflN6ªsf ^) 3/df k'Uof] Ps 3/ Ps wf/f ;xsf/L 8fOuf]gf]li6s ;]G6/ -l;8An';L_ ag]kf ;+:yfsf cWoIf nufot ;+rfns ;Nnfxsf/x?, n]vf ;'k/La]If0f ;ldlt, cGo

ef]nf c:tfgL÷aflN6ª, /f]zL lhNnfsf] /f]zL ufpFkflnsf j8f g+Dj/ !) jflN6Ëdf …lbuf] / u'0f:t/o'Qm ;+/rgf xfd|f] klxrfg, ;'/lIft kfgL ;kmf / :jR5 ufpF xfd|f] cleofgÚ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy ;kmf / :jR5 ;d'bfo 3f]if0ff / vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g]jf ;+:yfsf] ;xof]u, Rofl/6L jf6/ bft[ lgsfo /x]sf] pQm cfof]hgf /f]zL ufpF k flnsf !) jflN6Ë sfe| ] s f] ;fem]bf/Ldf ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . u}/L8fF8f ufpF vfg]kfgL tyf pkef]Qmf ;ldtL dfkm{t lgld{t vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf #$ nfv @$ xhf/ & ;o #$ ¿k}ofF nfutdf lgd{f0f sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ @% 3/w'/L nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . To:t}

8fF8fvs{ dflyNnf] kf]v/L vfg]kfgL tyf pkef]Qmf ;ldtL dfkm{t lgd{f0f ;DkGg ul/Psf] pQm cfof]hgf @( nfv nfutdf ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . cfof]hgfaf6 #% 3/w'/L ;lxt nfnLu'F/f; afn ljsf; s]G› ;d]t nfeflGjt ePsf] 5 . cfof]hgf cGtu{t Ps 3/ Ps wf/f lgd{f0f ub{} hDdf ^) 3/df :jR5 vfg]kfgL k'¥ofPsf] 5 . p b \ 3 f 6 g ;df/f] x sf] k| d ' v cltly /f] z L ufpFkflnsf cWoIf lbg]z nfdf /x]sf lyP . cWoIf nfdfn] :jR5 vfg]kfgLsf] lg/Gt/tfsf] nflu pkef]Qmf cfkm} nflu kg{' kg{] / nfdf] ;do l6sfpg' cfjZos /x]sf] ;'emfa lbP . ljlzi6 cltly /f]zL ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ !) j8f cWoIf

las]g tfdfªn] pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] u/]sf] sfdk|tL k|z+;f ub{} bft[ lgsfo / ;xof]uL ;+:yfnfO{ wGojfb lbFb} cem ;xof]usf] ck]Iff u/]sf] atfP . h'g;'s} sfddf klg j8f ;xsfo{ ug{ tof/ /x]sf] / j8} e/L :jR5 vfg]kfgLsf] nflu s'g} s;/ afFsL g/fVg] pgn] atfP . tLg aif{] sfo{sfn afFsL /x]sf] eGb} cem ltj| ¿kdf j8fsf] ljsf;sf] lglDt nflu kg{] k|ltj4tf pgn] AoQm u/] . sfo{qmddf g]jf ;+:yfsf afudtL k|b]z cWoIf e/tk|;fb e§, k"j{ j8f cWoIf b'w/fh tfdfª nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . lhtaxfb'/ >]i7sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg sfo{qmd /fdz/0f o:dfnLn] ;~rfng u/]sf lyP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @))@ kf}if z'SnkIf låtLof ltly

rf/bf]af6sf] k|flalws ;xof]udf ;+:yfsf k'?if z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] k|f]:6]6sf] r]s hf+Fr ;DaGwL lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 . @)*! h]i7 !*, !( / @) ut] ;+rfng ePsf] pQm lzla/df () hgf z]o/

/]lah /f]uaf6 aRg af}nfxf s's'/ b]lv ;xh /xf}+ . :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]

$)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*! h]7 @^ z'SnkIf t[tLof ltly

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

lzjk|;fb h+ud

pk;ldltx?sf kbflwsf/Lx? tyf sd{rf/Lx? ;d]t u/L @* hgfsf] ;xeflutfdf ;+:yfsf] tLg aifL{o /0fgLlts of]hgf sfo{zfnf uf]i7L ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f k|lzIfs 1fgd0fL Gof}kfg]n] u/]sf lyP .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!#

sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs l;DynL uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ^ xfn e'Dn' uf=kf= j8f g+= @ a:g] /d]z axfb'/ kx/Ln] d]/f] afh] 3}6] kx/Lsf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= 3}6] kx/Lsf] ldlt @)%@.!).!) df lghsf] >LdtL ªf;L{ kx/Lsf] ldlt @)&#.(.& df cf–cfkm\g} sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] / lghx?af6 hfohGd ePsf 5f]/f kxn axfb'/ kx/Lsf] ldlt @)&$.!).@% df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] >LdtL dg s'df/L kx/L cGoq} lxF8]sf] / lgh bDklQaf6 @ efO{ 5f]/fx? /d]z axfb'/ kx/L / gs'n kx/L ePsf]df gs'n kx/Lsf] d~h'/L lgj]bg ePsf] x'Fbf d lgj]bssf] gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . tkl;n uflj;

:j= s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{

o; zrLlty{ lqj]0fL u'?s"nsf ;+/Ifs s[i0fk|;fb e§/fOs { f] c;fdlos lgwgn] xfdL :tAw ePsf 5f}+ . o; b'Mvb\ 38Ldf :juL{o cfTdfsf] rL/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub{} zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

;ldltsf ;b:ox? / ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L k|d'v s[i0feQm yfkfsf] pkl:ytL lyof] . sfo{s|d ;+:yfsf] ;fdflhs pQ/bfoLTj cGtu{t lgoldt ub{} hfg] cWoIf k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s]n] atfP . /0fgLlts of]hgf sfo{zfnf

j8f g+= ls=g+=

If]qkmn

lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd

s}lkmot

^^

)–!$–!–! )–^–!–! )–&–!–)

3}6] kx/L

b=g+= @&(!* ldlt @)*!.@.$ sf] gs'n kx/Lsf] d~h'/L ePsf]

l;DynL

^

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] hGdM @)!!

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.@.@$

:j= sfnL ldhf/ r]i6f ;fKtflxs, k|fO{d PkmPd tyf dbfgL la6 86sdsf z'elrGts s]zj ldhf/sf ddtfdoL dftf sfnL ldhf/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgx?k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

cWoIf tyf

zrLlty{ lqj]0fL u'?s"n kl/jf/, kgf}tL, sfe|]

t]dfn ufp“kflnsf sfof{no kf]v/Lgf/fo:yfg, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!# sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs s'?jf; rfkfvf]/L uf=lj=;= j8f g+= * xfn t]dfn uf=kf= j8f g+= & a:g] sdfg l;+ tfdfªn] d]/f lktf ;lxnf tfdfªsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] lghs} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= ;flxnf tfdfªsf] ldlt @)$(.&.@& df / lghsf] Psdfq >LdtL dfO/fgL tfdfªsf] ldlt @)@(.#.#) df cf–cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] lghsf] xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df Psdfq 5f]/f d lgj]bs ePsf] x'Fbf d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj;

j8f g+= ls=g+=

s'?jf; rfkfvf]]/L

#^! #$%

$v

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd @–!$–@–! )–!%–#–)

s}lkmot

;flxnf tfdfª

ag]kf gu/kflnsf sfof{no ag]kf, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

ufp“jf;Lx?df cg'/f]w

gu/jf;Lx?df cg'/f]w

– j8faf6 k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ?kd} ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfnodf k7fcf}+ .

– hGd, d[To', a;fO{;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfˆgf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /flv ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f}+ .

– ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf k|fKt ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf / sfuhft af/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf ul/ dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{ª ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f}+ .

– ;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps]} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}+, s'lxg] gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF .

– Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf}+ .

– s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .

– cfw'lgs s[lif k|0ffnL ckgfO{ Joj;flos s[ifs agf}+ .

– pGgt gZnsf kz'kfng u/L :j/f]huf/L ;[hgf u/f}+ .

– wd{, ;F:s[lt, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}+, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– ;fj{hlgs ;DklQfsf] ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– j8faf6 k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ?kd} ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfnodf k7fcf}+ .

– hGd, d[To', a;fO{;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfˆgf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /flv ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f}+ .

– ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf k|fKt ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf / sfuhft af/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf ul/ dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{ª ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f}+ .

– ;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps]} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}+, s'lxg] gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF .

– Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf}+ .

– s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .

– wd{, ;F:s[lt, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}+, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– ;fj{hlgs ;DklQfsf] ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

$

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

kgf}tLdf lhNnfAofkL cGt/ ljBfno :t/Lo km'6an k|ltof]lutf kgf} t L÷dfg] Z j/L AjfO{ h Snjsf] cfof]hgfdf kgf}tLsf] If]lqo /+uzfnfdf kgf}tL If]qdf km'6an v]nsf] :t/ a[l4 ug{] pb]Zon] z'qmaf/ b]lv sfe|] lhNnfAofkL cGt/ ljBfno :t/Lo 5fq tyf 5fqf km'6an k|ltof]lutf eO{/x]sf] 5 . kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf] d'n k|fof]hgdf z'? ePsf] k|ltof]lutfsf] z'ef/De gu/ k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/Ln] u/]sf lyP . km'6an If]qsf] ljsf; ug{ tyf v]nf8Lx? pTkfbg ug{ gu/kflnsfn] cfjZos ;dGjo / ;xlhs/0f ug{] pgn] atfP . pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf j8f cWoIfx?,

KofA;g g]kfnsf pk dxf;lrj led;]g s];L, ;fd'bflos ;fsf];sf cWoIf k|sfz a~hf/f, ;+:yfsf sfo{jfxs cWoIf b]j/fh >]i7, v]n ;+of]hs ;'/]Gb| e'h', /fds[i0f >]i7, dlxnf cWoIf sljtf yfkf >]i7 nufotsf] ;xelutf /x]sf] lyof] . kl|tofl]utfdf 5fq tkm{ !% l6d / 5fqf tkm{ $ l6dsf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] 5 . ljBfno :t/Lo kl|tofl]utfdf ljhoL xg'] l6dn] 5fqtkm{ @) xhf/ / bf>]f] xg'n ] ] !) xhf/ gub ;lxt lzN8, 6l«km / kd|f0fkq kf|Kt ug5{] g\ eg] 5fq tkm{ !) xhf/ / % xhf/ kf|Kt ug5{] g\ . kl|tofl]utfsf] ;dfkg c;f/ ! ut] xg'5] .

a]N6 k|df]zg 6]i6 ;DkGg

ag]kf÷g]kfn s]glzgsfg s/fFt] ;+3 s]lGb|o sfof{no ag]kf % sfe|]sf] a]N6 6]i6 ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . a]N6 k|df]zg 6]i6 ;+3sf cWoIf slknb]j yfkf, g]kfnsf a|fGr lrkm /xb]j kf]6], sfe|] a|fGr lrkm t'N;L/fd >]i7, pkfWoIf xl/uf]kfn dfgGw/, dxf;lrj /fhg vqL, sf]iffWoIf ;'lbk kf08], ;lrj /fh s]=;L= tyf ;b:ox? lbk' clwsf/L, uf]ljGb a'9fyf]sL nufot

cGo k|lzIfsx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf xfn} ;DkGg sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] sfo{;ldlt ;b:odf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf /xb]j kf]6]nfO{ ;+3sf cWoIf slknb]j yfkfn] ;Ddfg ug{'ePsf] lyof] . a]N6 k|df]zgdf ^) hgf k|lzIffyL{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+3sf cWoIf slknb]j yfkfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

dxfef/tsf ;fu/nfO{ cWoIf cf]nLsf] z'esfdgf w'lnv]n÷%^ cf+} /fli6«o s/fFt] k| l tof] l utfdf :j0f{ kbs ljh] t f sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf dxfef/t 3/ ePsf v]nf8L ;fu/ df]QmfgnfO{ g]skf Pdfn]sf cWoIf Pj+ k"j{ k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] e' 6 fgdf x' g ] cf7f+ } RoflDkog;Lk k|ltof]lutfdf ;kmntfsf nflu awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf AoQm u/]sf 5g\ . dxfef/tdf hlGdP/ s/fFt] k|ltof]lutf dfkm{t ufpFkflnsf / lhNnf tyf g]kfns} gfd /fVg ;kmn ;fu/ df]Qmfg e'6fgdf x'g] k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng hfFb} 5g\ . g]kfnsf ljleGg k|ltof]lutfdf pTs[i6tf

k|b{zg ul/;s]sf ;fu/nfO{ Pdfn] cWoIf cf]nLn] awfO{ tyf z'esfgdf AoQm u/]sf x'g\ . w'lnv]ndf cfof]lht g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf] !! cf} lhNnf clwa]zgnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ cfPsf cWoIf cf]nLn] ;fu/ df]QmfgnfO{ g]kfnsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{} e'6fgdf hfg nfu]sf]df awfO{ lbPsf lyP . ;fy} pgn] k|ltof]lutfdf pTs[i6tf k|b{zg ug{, cg'zf;g sfod /fVg / /fd|f] tof/Lsf nflu cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . o;cl3 ;fu/nfO{ lhNnfsf ljleGg sfo{qmddf g]kfnsf] pTs[i6 v]nf8L ePsf]df awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf AoQm ul/Psf] lyof] .

clhdf art tyf C[0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf g=kf j8f g+=–& led;]g:yfg kmf]g g+= -)!!_^^@*#*

sfe|] n]8L h]l;hn] lbof] k|fylds pkrf/ tflnd

agk]f÷sfe]| n8]L hl];hsf] cfofh ] gfdf agk]fdf ljleGg ljBfnosf ljBfyL{ / ;3+ ;:+yfsf kl|tlgwL ;lxt @$ hgfnfO{ kf|ylds pkrf/ ;DaGwL bO'{ lbg] tflnd kb|fg ul/Psf] 5 . tflndsf] pb3\f6g kt~hnL ofu] ;ldlt sfes ]| f cWoIf ks | fz sfo:yn] u/s ] f lyP . cWoIf ;ljtf zfSosf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfoq{mddf afN]b} kd|v ' cltyL ks | fz sfo:yn] dfgjLo ;j+b]gf a9fpg / AolQm arfpg kf|ylds pkrf/ dxTjk0"f{ xg'] atfP . tflnd lnbFf / lbbFf Wofg lbgk'g]{ tyf Aojxf/df sfofG{jog ug]{ ;dodf l;k / IfdtfnfO{ cfTdljZjf;sf ;fy sfofG{jog ug{ ;e'mfj lbP . sfoq{mddf ljzi]f cltly gk]fn kqsf/ dxf;3+ sfe]| zfvfsf lgjt{dfg cWoIf dft]L/fd ltdlN;gfn] hfgL ug{ xfgL gug{ cg/'fw] u/] . ljklQdf xg' ;Sg] 36gfx?df dfgjLo IftL sd ug{ kf|ylds pkrf/ ug{ pgn] cg/'fw] u/] . sfoq{mddf kl|zIfs nIdL s;]Ln] l;knfO{ Aojxf/ ptfg{ l;sfOd{f Wofg lbg ;xefuLx?nfO{ cg/'fw]

ul/g\ .

cWoIf ;ljtf zfSon] sfe]| n8]L hl];hn] ;db'fodf cfwfl/t ljleGg sfoq{mdx? cfofh ] gf ug]{ qmddf AolQmx?sf] hLjg arfpg kf|ylds pkrf/ ;DaGwL tflnd dxTjk0"f{ xg'] ePsfn] pknAw u/fOP{sf] atfOg{\ . 1fgs~'h, lgi6, /fdeQm dd]fl]/on, rt}Go nufotsf ljBfnodf cWoog ug]{ ljBfyLx{? tyf ljleGg ;3+ ;:+yfsf AolQmx? tflnddf ;xeflu lyP . sfe]| n8]L hl];h @)@$ sL dxf;lrj /ljgf ;j]frfos { f] ;r + fng /xs ] f] sfoq{mddf :jfut dGtAo sfoq{md ;o+fh ] s ;ldtf >i]7n] /fvs ] L lyOg{\ . sfoq{mddf sfe]| n8]L hl];hsf kj'{ cWoIfx?, sfe]| h;]Lh tyf hl'go/ hl];h cWoIf ;l[i6 >i]7, gu/sf6] gfNbd' hl];h cWoIf lbkf nfdf, ;fG}bos { nf Aoj;foL ;3+sL cWoIf ;i'df kw|fg nufotsf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] lyof] . zq'maf/ / zlgaf/ xg'] tflnddf eQmk/' /8]qm;sf nIdL s;]L, lbjfs/ kf8}o\fn, Clif v8s \ f / ke|/'fd yfkfn] kl|zIf0f lbPsf lyP .

lsjfgLh Snax?sf] If]qLo e]nf w'lnv]ndf ;DkGg sfe|]knf~rf]s lsjfgLh Sna ckm sfe|] g]kfnsf] cfltYotfdf lsjflgh g]kfn l8li6«S6 s] ^( sf] l8lehg a}7s w'lnv]ndf n]ˆ6Lg]G6 ue{g/ l8lehg O:6 # sf /f]zg ltdlN;gfsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . l8i6«Ls ue{g/ lty{ s'df/ l;+xsf] k|d'v cfltYotf tyf l8l6«S6sf sf]iffWoIf lzj axfb'/ sfk\mn], efO{; ue{g/ 8f= /fd z/0f yklnof, l8l6«S6sf ;lrj o'j/fh Gof}kfg], tyf lsjflgh lrN8«]g kmG8 g]kfnsf cWoIf /fhgk|;fb Gof}kfg]sf] cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . a}7sdf !^ j6f l8lehg O{ # sf k"jf{~rnsf lsjfgLh Snax?df sf7df08f}+, sfe|], l;Gw'kfNrf]s tyf /fd]5fksf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . lsjfgLh OG6/g]zgn ;+;f/ e/ *% b]zdf km}lnP/ ^ nfv :+jod ;]jsx?n] afnaflnsfsf] ;du| lxtdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf @)!% -@)&@_ b]lv

lsjfgLhsf] :yfkgf e} xfn !!$ j6f Sna / !*)) lsjfgLhsf :jod;]jsx? dfkm{t afnaflnsfsf] lzIff, :jf:Yo, dfgl;s –zfl//Ls ljsfz tyf ckfË afnaflnsfsf] lxtsf] nflu sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . lsjfgLh e]nfdf k|To]s Snax?sf] k|ult k|ltj]bg, lsjfgLh Snasf] k|zf;lgs sfo{ljwL, jt{dfg cj:yf / efjL of]hgfsf] af/]df 5nkmn ul/ lgisif{ lgsflnPsf] lyof] . lsjfgLh Sna ckm sfe|] g]kfnn] k|:t't u/]sf] k|ltj]bg pTs[i6 ePsf]] lyof] / k|d'v cltly ue{g/ lty{ s'df/ l;+xn] sfe|] g]kfnsf cWoIf czf]s s'df/ >]i7, ;lrj ;'>L kNnjL k|wfg, :jf:Yo ;+of]hs afn d'6'/f]u ljz]if1 8f= clgif hf]zLnfO{ ;Ddfg :j?k lsjfgLhsf] lkg k|bfg u/LPsf] lyof] . lsjfgLh Sna ckm sfe|] g]kfnn] cfufdL lbgx?df c6Lhd ePsf afnaflnsfsf] If]qdf sfo{qmd nlIft ug{] / lzIff / :jf:Yo If]qdf lg/Gt/ ;xof]u ug{] hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] lyof] .

shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg]af/] !% lbg] cToGt h?/L ;"rgf

>4f ;'dg

hGdM !((@.*.@

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.@.@!

:j= nQdfof lzNksf/ o; jf+Vo 1fgdfnf ehg vnM sf cfhLjg ;b:o t'N;Lk|;fb lzNksf/sf] ddtfdoL dftf tyf cfhLjg ;b:o Kof/L lzNksf/sf] ddtfdoL ;f;'cfdf Pj+ cfhLjg ;b:o nQdfof lzNksf/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] o; b'Mvb\ 38Ldf ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/nfO{ clgTo b'Mv / cgfTd zf]efj wd{nfO{ ;DemL a'emL w}o{wf/0f ug{ ;s"g\ elg k|fy{gf ub{} lbj+ut x'g'ePsfnfO{ ;'ult k|flKtsf nflu sfdgf ub{} k'0ofg'df]bg ub{5f}+ .

hutgf/fo0f dfgGw/ cWoIf Pj+

jf+VoM 1fgdfnf ehg vnM ag]kf–*, sfe|]

ç cRo"tfgGb Hof]ltif a}B/fh /fh'sf] t]>f] PNad ‘klx/f]’ ;fj{hlgs ag]kf÷ç cRo"tfgGb Hof]ltif a}B/fh /fh' kf]v/]nsf] t]>f] PNjd …klx/f]Ú ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5 . o;cl3 kf]v/]nn] b'O{j6f ehg ;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf 5g\ . o'6\o'adf cRo"tfgGb Rofgnaf6 klx/f] gfds lutdf htftt} klx/f], lk/ k¥of] ulx/f] nufotsf zAbx? /fv]/ lel8of] ;lxtsf] PNjd ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] xf] . lutdf kl/jf/ ljb]z uPsf], kl/jf/sf ;b:ox? ljb]z hfFbf 3/ kl/jf/df k/]sf ;d:of, k|fs[lts ljklQn] kf/]sf] c;/, ;+:yfdf hDdf u/]sf] /sd lkmtf{ x'g g;s]sf, ;+:yf efu]sf], dge/L lk/ g} lk/ k/]sf] af:tljs hLjgdf d]n vfPsf 36gfx? ;d]6]/ pQm lel8of] ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5 . ;+s6df cfkmGt / gftfuf]tf ;d]t 6f9f–6f9f k'u]sf] pNn]v 5 . z'qmaf/ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] pQm PNjd s]lx 306fdf xhf/ eGbf w]/} hgfn] x]l/;s]sf 5g\ . pQm lel8of]df ljleGg

snfsf/x?n] clego u/]sf 5g\ . ç cRo"tfgGb Hof]ltif a}B/fh /fh' kf]v/]nsf] bf]>f] PNjd b'u{f ehg ho >L sfnLsf gfdaf6 ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] . & jif{ cl3 pgn] ho sfnL gfds ehg ahf/df NofPsf lyP . Tolta]nf $ ldg]6 @& ;]s]G8sf] ehg kl5Nnf] r/0fdf * ldg]6 %) ;]s]G8 nfdf] lyof] . b'uf{ gfds ehgdf g]kfnsf ljleGg d7 dlGb/x?df ul/g] b'u{fsf] k'hf / cf/fwgfsf af/]df AofVof ul/Psf] lyof] . cRo"tfgGb sfe|]af6 k|sflzt x'g] k|b]z :t/sf] …sÚ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs r]i6fsf lgoldt :tDesf/ x'g eg] dbfgL la6 86 sdsf klg :tDesf/ 5g\ . bzsf}+ b]lv pgL ;+rf/dfWod dfkm{t kf7s / >f]tfx?nfO{ ;fdflhs hfu/0fsf] cleofg ;+rfng ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] ln+sdf klx/f] gfds lut ;'Gg / x]g{ ;lsG5 . https://www.youtube.com/watch?si =ZqkwXQFxYZy2KZt1&v=IfKqT 2TPwXQ&feature=youtu.be

sfe|] df lj ag]kfdf lhNnf :t/Lo xflh/L hjfkm ;DkGg

ag]kf÷sfe|] dfWolds ljBfnosf] cfof]hgfdf lhNnf :t/Lo xflh/L hjfkm k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . k|To]s jif{ cfof]hgf x'g] pQm k|ltof]lutf @)*! df lhNnfsf @% j6f ljBfno ;xeflu ePsf lyP . k|ltof]lutfdf sf7df8f}+ o'lgel;{6L xfO :s"n, rf}sf]6 k|yd, u|]zNof08 ;]s]G8/L :s'n ;fFuf låtLo / t[tLo afn jfl6sf :s"n ag]kf ePsf 5g\ . ljBfnosf lk|lG;kn s'df/ dfgGw/n] o:tf cltl/Qm sfo{qmdn] ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;fdfGo 1fgdf j[l4 x'g] ePsf]n] ljBfnon] ljleGg ;dodf cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkx? ub{] cfPsf] atfP . ljBfnon] k9fO{sf] cnjf as[Tjsnf, xflhl/hjfkm, km'6;n, sljtf nufPtsf ljleGg cltl/Qm sfo{qmdx? ub{] cfPsf] dfgGw/n] atfP . pQm k|ltof]lutfaf6 ljBfyL{x?sf] ;fdGo 1fg a[l4 x'g'sf ;fy

ljBfno–ljBfno lar / ljBfyL{ – ljBfyL{ ljrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ ;d]t yk k|uf9 agfpg], Ps csf{df l;s]sf s'/fx?nfO{ cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] ca;/sf ?kdf lnO{Psf] dfgGw/n] atfP . ljBfnon] lzIffdf ;d]t P; Pn l; kl/Ifdf af]8{ k|yd NofO{ lhNnfdf ;d]t k6s k6s 6k ug{ ;kmn ePsfn] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 3f]sGt] lzIff dfq} geO{ Aoaxfl/s, k|of]ufTds lzIff ;d]t k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] ;xfos lk|lG;kn ljsf; >]i7n] atfP . k|ltof]lutfdf lk|lG;kn s'df/ dfgGw/ tyf ;xfos lk|lG;kn åo s]zj >]i7 / ljsf; >]i7n] pTs[i6 ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 6«kmL tyf k|df0f kq ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . k|ltof]lutf ;~rfng lzIfsx¿ Zofds[i0f dfgGw/,;fu/ nfdf,s'df/ l3ld/]n] u/]sf lyP . k|ltof]lutfsf] ;+of]hs ljBfnosf lzIfs p4j n'OF6]n /x]sf lyP . n'O{6]nn] k|ltof]lutfn] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ cg'zfl;t, Ifdtf a[l4 ug{ d4t k'Ug] atfP .

kgf}tLdf lhNnfAofkL cGt/ ljBfno :t/Lo km'6an k|ltof]lutf ag] k f÷1fgs' ~ h z} l Ifs k|lti7fg ag]kfn] c;f/ ! ut] P;O{O{ lbP/ a;]sf ljBfyL{x?sf nflu v'Nnf /f]8 /]; k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf ug{] ePsf] 5 . k|ltof]lutfsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbg cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf k|aGw lgb{]zs k|tfk a}Bn] rf}yf] /f]8 /];sf] tof/Lsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . g}lts, Aojxfl/s tyf Aoj;flos lzIffsf] nflu 1fgs'~h eGg] cleofgsf ;fy ag]kfdf @@ jif{ b]lv ;+rflnt 1fgs'~h z}lIfs k|lti7fgsf cWoIf ;'/s[i0f a}Båf/f hf/L k|]; lj1KtLdf ;kmn hLjgsf nflu cg'zf;g / :jf:Yo, :jf:Yosf nflu v]ns'b / cg'zf;g eGg] gf/fnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fVb} P;O{O{sf] tof/Lsf nflu s8f cg'zf;g leq a;]/ k7gkf7g u/L P;O{O{ nuQ} lk|m ;dodf cgfjZos s'ntdf tyf unt af6f]df lx8\g ;Sg] ePsfn] pgLx?nfO{ v]ns'b dfkm{t ;xL af6f] /

o; ;+:yfsf z]o/ ;b:ox?n] ljleGg ldltx?df ljleGg lzif{sx? cGtu{t o; ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lnO{ o; ;+:yf;+u u/]sf] zt{ sa'lnot adf]lhd efsf leq ;f] shf{sf] ;f+jf Aofh, lanDa z'Ns ga'emfO{ afFsL aSof}tf /fv]sf]n] k6s k6s e]63f6 / kqfrf/ u/L ;f] shf{sf] ;f+jf Aofh, lanDa z'Ns a'emfpg' xf]; elg cg'/f]w ubf{ a]jf:tf u/L afFsL aSof}tf /fvL a;]sf]n] of] !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt u/LPsf] 5 . of] ;fa{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg -ldlt @)*! c;f/ !$ ut]_ leq o; ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf pkl:yt e} cfkm'n] lnPsf] shf{sf] af+ls aSof}tf a'emfpg cfpg' xf]nf . gcfP C[0fLsf] ltgk':t] ljj/0f tyf kmf]6f] ;lxt :yflgo kq klqsfx?df tyf ;dflhs ;~hfnx?df ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/g] 5 . o; af6 oxfFx?sf] dfg;Ddfgdf cfFr k'Ug uPdf o; ;+:yf hjfkmb]xL gx'g] Joxf]/f ;d]t cg'/f]w 5 . clgRrfjt ;+v/f pKkb\bjo\ wlDdgf] Û pklHhTjf lg?HemlGt t];+pk:;df] ;'vf] ÛÛ

jif{ #) c+s #@ @)*! h]7 #! ut] ljxLjf/

cg'zf;gdf /fVgsf] nflu rf}yf] 1fgs'~h /f]8 /]; @)*! cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfO{Psf] 5 . /f]8 /];df 5fqf÷5fqf b'a} ;xefuL x'g ;lsg]5 . 5fqfx?sf] /f]8 /]; #=^ lsnf]ld6/sf] /xg]5 eg] 5fqsf] & lsnf]ld6/ x'g]5 . k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd, l4lto / t[tLo x'g]n] qmdzM #) xhf/, @) xhf/ / !) xhf/ gub k'/:sf/ pknAw u/fpg] 5 . @)*) h]7 #@ ut];Dd ;xeflux?n] Ps ;o ?k}ofF lt/]/ gfd btf{ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . bf}8sf nflu lgz'Ns l6;6{, vfgf tyf k|df0fkq ;d]t ljBfnon] pknAw u/fpg]5 . klxnf] /f]8 /]; @)&^ ;fndf, bf]>f] @)&* / t]>f] @)&( ;fndf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . & lsnf]ld6/ bf}8 kgf}tLaf6 ag]kf x'Fb} 1fgs'~h sn]h;Dd x'g]5 eg] 5fqx?sf] bf}8 ag]kf r08]Zj/L x'Fb} ljBfnodf x'g]5 . bf}8 ;lsP nuQ} ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k|df0fkq ;lxt k'/:sf/ pknAw u/fO{g] k|jGw ;+rfns k|tfk a}Bn] atfP .

dxfef/t ufp“kflnsf

e'Dn' ufp“kflnsf

ufp“jf;Lx?df cg'/f]w

ufp“jf;Lx?df cg'/f]w

b]jL6f/, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

– j8faf6 k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ?kd} ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfnodf k7fcf}+ .

– hGd, d[To', a;fO{;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfˆgf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /flv ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f}+ .

– ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf k|fKt ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf / sfuhft af/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf ul/ dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{ª ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f}+ .

– ;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps]} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}+, s'lxg] gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF .

– Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf}+ .

– s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .

– cfw'lgs s[lif k|0ffnL ckgfO{ Joj;flos s[ifs agf}+ .

– pGgt gZnsf kz'kfng u/L :j/f]huf/L ;[hgf u/f}+ .

– wd{, ;F:s[lt, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}+, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

;Nn], e'Dn', sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

– j8faf6 k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ?kd} ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfnodf k7fcf}+ .

– hGd, d[To', a;fO{;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfˆgf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /flv ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f}+ .

– ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf k|fKt ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf / sfuhft af/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf ul/ dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{ª ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f}+ .

– ;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps]} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}+, s'lxg] gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF .

– Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf}+ .

– s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .

– cfw'lgs s[lif k|0ffnL ckgfO{ Joj;flos s[ifs agf}+ .

– pGgt gZnsf kz'kfng u/L :j/f]huf/L ;[hgf u/f}+ .

– wd{, ;F:s[lt, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}+, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s #@ @)*! h]7 #! ut] ljxLjf/

‘;fd'bflos ljBfnodf l;sfO{ pknAwLsf] kl/0ffd v:s“b} 5’

w'lnv]n÷z}lIfs u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f s]Gb|n] afudtL k|b]z leqsf] glthf k|af]wLs/0f uf]i7L cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . dxflgb{ ] z s rGb| s fGt e' ; fnsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{x?sf] pknAwL /fli6«o k/LIf0f, ljBfno sfo{ ;Dkfbg, afnaflnsfsf] l;sfO{ / ljsf; :t/ k/LIf0f, cGo ljleGg k/LIf0f, n3' cg';Gwfg k|fKtL ;'emfjsf af/]df k|fKt tYo tYofÍx?sf] k|ltj]bg dxflgb{]zs e';fnn] ;fj{hlgs u/] . &@ lhNnfsf ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] l;sfO{ tyf ljsf; :t/ k/LIf0f u/]sf] s]Gb|n] afudtL k|b]zdf ePsf ultljwLx?sf] !& a'Fb] ;f+/z k|ltj]bgdf d'n k|ltj]bgsf] cz+ ;d]6]sf] 5 . k':ts k|sfzg u/L sIff #, %, * / !) sIffdf ul/Psf cWoog tyf k/LIf0fsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] 5 . sIff # sf] ul0ft ljifo, sIff %, * / !) sIffsf] ul0ft, lj1fg, g]kfnL, c+u|]hL ljifosf]

l;sfO{ pknAwLsf] k/LIf0f ul/Psf] lyof] . dxflgb{]zs e';fnn] ;du|df ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf efiff tyf l;sfO{ pknAwLsf] u'0f:t/ sdhf]/ x'Fb} uPsf] atfP . …;du|df k|ltj]bgsf] lgZsif{ eg]sf] ljBfyL{x?df l;sfO{ glthf sdhf]/ / 36\bf] qmddf 5Ú–dxflgb{]zs e';fnn] eg]–…b]ze/sf ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?n] ef]lu/x]sf o:tf ;d:ofx?sf] klxrfg eP kl5 ;'wfg{' kg{] lgsfox?n] To;df rf;f] lbb} ulDe/ aGb} sfof{Gjog ug{' cfjZos 5 .Ú b]ze/ afnaflnsfx?sf] l;sfO{df ul0ft ljifo sdhf]/ aGb} uPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 eg] efiffdf u08sL k|b]z sdhf]/ b]lvPsf] 5 . s]Gb|n] @)&( ;fpg b]lv @)*) c;f/;Dd cWoog u/]sf] lyof] . cWoogsf qmddf ePsf cEof;, dfkb08 tyf To;sf ;"rsx? / s]Gb|n] k|fKt u/]sf tYox? ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{ q mddf d08gb] p k' / gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v 6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jf,

dl]yGsf6] c:ktfnsf sdr{f/L cfGbfl]nt gdf] a ' 4 , es' 0 8] ÷ d] l yGsf] 6 c:ktfndf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna eQf lgoldt gePsf] eGb} sd{rf/Lx? cfGbf]lnt ePsf 5g\ . cfGbf]lnt sd{rf/Lx?n] klxnf] r/0fdf c:ktfnsf lgldQ d] l 8sn ;'kl/6]G8]G6nfO{ clN6d]6d ;lxtsf] 1fkg kq a'emfPsf lyP . pQm ;dofjwL leq c:ktfn k|d'vn] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ g;s] kl5 sd{rf/Lx?n] ljlxaf/ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;'o{ ;]9fO{nfO{ 1fkg kq a'emfPsf 5g\ . …;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lx?n] x:tfIf/ u/fP/ a'emfPsf] 1fkgkqdf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg{] tna eQf pknAw gePdf cfsl:ds afx]ssf ;a} ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ ;lsb} g Ú–sd{ r f/Lx?n] Ps :j/df eg]–…sd{rf/L cg';f/ leGg leGg u/L b'O{ b]lv rf/ dlxgfsf] tna kfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . o;sf] lgoldttf u/fO{ lbg c:ktfn k|zf;g, d];' / n]vf zfvfnfO{ cg'/f]w u/]sf 5f}+ .Ú sd{ r f/Lx?n] a' e mfPsf] 1fkgkq / clN6d]6dnfO{ Wofg glbP To;af6 pTkGg x'g] kl/l:ytLsf] lhDd]jf/L c:ktfn k|zf;g / n]vf zfvfn] lng' kg{] 1fkgkqdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ a'emfPsf] Wofgfsif{0f kqdf cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷@)*! sf] >fj0f dlxgf b]lv xfn;Dd tnaeQf, rf8kj{ vr{, kf]zfseQf nufotsf lgoldt k|fKt x'g kg{] ;]jf ;d]t c:ktfnn] pknAw gu/fPsf] atfO{Psf] 5 . ljut $ dlxgf b]lv sd{rf/Lx?sf] / @)*! a}zfv dlxgfsf] ;a} sd{rf/Lx?sf] h]i7 dlxgf ;lsFbf ;d]t tna eQf e'QmfgL x'g g;s]sf] plgx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . ;fy} tna eQfsf cnfjf ko{6g sfhsf] ;'ljwf ;d]t sd{rf/Lx?n] k|fKt ug{ g;s]sf x'g\ . tna eQf gkfpFbf c:ktfn h:tf] ;+j]bglzn If]qdf sfo{ ug{] sd{rf/L, lrlsT;sx?sf] dgf]jn s:tf] xf]nf < sd{rf/Lx?n] k|Zg u/]sf 5g\ . sd{rf/Lx?n] k|fKt ug{] cfwf/e't cfjZostf ;d]t lgjf{x ug{ sl7g ePsf], dfgl;s ;d:of tyf

;fdflhs c;/ ;d]t kg{ uPsf] 1fkgkqdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . 1fkgkqdf #) hgf sd{rf/Lx?n] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ .

1fkgkq a'em\g} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;'o{ ;]9fO{n] tTsfn} sd{rf/Lx?sf] k'/f ug{ ;lsg] / ug{ kg{] dfux? k'/f ug{ c:ktfn k|zf;g;Fu s'/f ug{] k|ltj4tf AoQm u/] .

kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, kfFrvfnsf pkk|d'v ;'o{dfof bg'jf/, ag]kf gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f, a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf eujfg clwsf/L, lzIff lj1fg tyf k|ljwL dGqfnosf ;x ;lrj ;'dg l3ld/], dxflgb{]zs lbk]Gb| ;'j]bL, lgb{]zs ?b|x/L e08f/L, lzIff ;dGjo clwsf/L b] j sf 9sfn, ab|Laxfb'/ kf7s, lzIfs ;+3, ;+u7gsf g]tfx?, ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofksx?, ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIfx?, kflnsf :t/sf lzIff zfvfsf k| d ' v x?sf] sfo{ q mddf

;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;xeflux?n] lzIffsf] u'0f:t/sf] ;/sf/L dfkgsf af/]df k|Zg p7fPsf lyP . s] x'Fbf u'0f:t/ sfod ePsf] dflgg] < s] xf] u'0f:t/ < u'0f:t/sf ;'rsx? s] s] x'g\ < k|df0fkqdf cfpg] gDj/ dfq} xf] ls < c+u|]hL km// af]Ng hfGg] dfq} xf] u'0f:t/ < ;xeflux?n] p7fPsf lh1f;fdf dxflgb{]zs rGb|sfGt e';fnn] ljBfyL{ l;sfO{sf pknAwL, l;sfO{df b]lvPsf] sdhf]/Lkg, v:sFb} uPsf] efiff tyf l;sfO{ pknAwL ;'wfg{ k|ltj]bgdf ;'emfj lbPsf] atfP .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@& sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs b]je"ld jfn'jf uf=lj=;= j8f g+= # xfn kfFrvfn g=kf= j8f g+= !@ a:g] /Tg s'df/L bg'jf/n] d]/f klt O{Gb| axfb'/ bg'jf/sf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] lghs} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt hUufsf] lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= OGb|axfb'/ bg'jf/sf] ldlt @)&@.&.@& df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] Psdfq >LdtL d lgj]bs /Tgs'df/L bg'jf/ ePsf] x"Fbf d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj;

j8f g+= ls=g+=

jfn'jf

#

$^# $^$ $^%

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd s}lkmot O{Gb| axfb'/ bg'jf/

)–$–#–# )–^–!–! )–&–!–)

bf];|f] k6s k|sfzg ldlt M @)*!.@.#!

o; >L efn] Z j/ dfWolds ljBfno, kgf} t L–*, dNkL, sfe|]knf~rf]snfO{ tklzn adf]lhdsf] lzIfs cfjZostf k/]sfn] ldlt @)*!.)@.)( ut] k|sflzt ;"rgf cg';f/ cfjZos ;+Vofdf b/vf:t gk/]sfn] klxnf btf{ ePsf] b/vf:tnfO{ sfod} /fvL yk b/vf:tsf] nflu OR5's JolQmx?nfO{ ;Dks{sf] nflu cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

kb M dfWolds lzIfs ljifo M lj1fg /;fogzf:q -CHEMISTRY_ dfu ;+Vof M Ps tx / >]0fL M df=lz= -;fljs pRr df lj cg'bfg_ pd]/ M !* aif{ k'/f eO $) jif{ ggf3]sf] Go'gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf M Pd P:;L /;fogzf:q -CHEMISTRY_. dflyNnf] of]UotfnfO{ ljz]if k|fyfldstf ;]jf ;'ljwfM dfl;s tnaM ? $*,&#& / dxª\uL eQfM @))) cGo ;'ljwf ljBfnosf] lgod cg';f/ b/vf:t lbg] ldlt M @)*!÷)@÷#! b]lv @)*!÷)#÷)% ;Dd b/vf:t lbg] :yfg M >L efn]Zj/ dfWolds ljBfno, kgf}tL–* , sfe|]knf~rf]s . k/LIff b:t'/ M ?=@))).– -lkmtf{ gx'g] u/L_ cfjZos sfuhft M – z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf ;fy k|ltlnlk – gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk – cWoog cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk ;Dks{ ldlt M @)*! cfiff9 )% ut] ck/fGx $ ah] @% ut] ;b:o ;lrj lzIfs 5gf}6 ;ldlt (*$#%#@@))

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@( sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs s'?jf; rfkfvf]/L uf=lj=;= j8f g+= * xfn t]dfn uf=kf= j8f g+= & a:g] ljdfg l;+ tfdfª, 8'G;fª tfdfª / e'ª;fª tfdfª ;d]t hgf # n] xfd|f lktf dfg l;+ tfdfªsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] lghs} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= dfg l;+ tfdfªsf] ldlt @)&).!.@ df / lghsf] >LdtL dfOnL tfdfª sf] klg ldlt @)^$.$.@) df d[To' ePsf] lghx?sf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df xfdL # 5f]/f lgj]bsx? g} ePsf] x'Fbf xfd|f gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

tkl;n

uflj;

j8f g+= ls=g+=

If]qkmn

lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd

s'?jf; rfkfvf]/L

$v

#$@ #%!

)–%–@–) !–^–#–#

dfgl;+ tdfª

s}lkmot

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!# sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs kfFrvfn uf=lj=;= j8f g+= $ xfn kfFrvfn g=kf= j8f g+= # a:g] e'jg b]jL clwsf/Ln] d]/f klt O{Zj/Lk|;fb clwsf/Lsf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= O{Zj/Lk|;fb clwsf/Lsf] ldlt @)#%.$.% df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df Psdfq >LdtL d lgj]bs ePsf] x"Fbf d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj;

j8f g+= ls=g+=

kfFrvfn

#%&

$

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd @–)–@ $#

s}lkmot

O:jf]/L k|;fb clwsf/L

;'Gb/j:tL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=

udL{ df};ddf k|z:t kfgL lkpg] u/f}+ .

lzIfs cfjZostf

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

kgf}tL $, sfe|]

shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] af/] #% lbg] h?/L ;"rgf ;'rgf k|sflzt ldlt M@)*!.)@.#! o; ;'Gb/j:tL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfaf6 tklzndf pNn]lvt C0fLx?n] shf{÷C0f pkof]u ubf{ C0fsf] ;fFjf, Jofh zt{ sa'lnot adf]lhd ;do–;dodf ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{df ;f] glt/L ga'emfO{ xfn;Dd afFsL /xL /x]sfn] ;f] ;DaGwdf k6s–k6s 6]lnkmf]g, k|ToIf e]63f6 tyf kq dfkm{t t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ;f]sf] j]jf:tf u/L ;+:yfnfO{ ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ga'emfO{ C0f ;DaGwL zt{ aGb]h pNn+3g ug'{ ePsf]n] ;Dk'0f{ C0f r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{sf nfuL of] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbg leq o; ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ /fvL ;+:yfaf6 lnOPsf] shf{sf] ;Dk'0f{ ;Ffjf, Jofh, xh{gf / cGo b}–b:t'/ ;d]t r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug'{xf]nf pQm cjlw leq tkfO{n] o; ;+:yfnfO{ a'emfpg'kg]{ ;Dk'0f{ /sd e'Qmfg gu/]df lwtf] ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] rn crn ;DklQ ;xsf/L P]g @)&$, k|rlnt P]g lgod tyf C0f c;"nL gLlt adf]lhd lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] crn ;Dklt lnnfd ljqmL ul/ ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ ul/ lng] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fpb5f}+ . lwtf] ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] lwtf] lnnfd laqmL ubf{ ;d]t ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;"n pk/ gePdf lgodfg';f/ hdfgLstf{x?sf] cGo hfoh]yfaf6 afFsL ;fFjf, Jofh / cGo b}–b:t'/ ;d]t c;'n pk/sf nfuL sfg'gL k|s[of cuf8L a9fO{g] Joxf]/f C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{x?nfO{ o;} ;"rgfåf/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

tkl;n C0fLsf] kmf]6f] hdfgLsf] ljj/0f hdfgLsf] kmf]6f] lwtf]sf] ljj/0f C0fLsf] ljj/0f Gffd– s]bf/gfy >]i7 gfd– >[hgf >]i7 sfe|]kn~rf]s lhNnf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+ % jtg– ag]kf g=kf=j8f g=# jtg– ag]kf g=kf=j8f g=# b5'6f]n k/Ljlt{t e} xfn P] j8f g=( k/Ljlt{t e} xfn P] j8f g=( lsQf g+ &$@ lktfsf] gfd–nfnsfhL >]i7 kltsf] gfd– s]bf/gfy >]i7 If]qkmn )–$–@–# afh]sf] gfd–cfzfsfhL >]i7 ;;'/fsf] gfd– nfnsfhL >]i7 lsQf g+ &$& If]qkmn )–)–@–! lsQf g+ &%@ If]qkmn )–#–!–#

xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf

sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] $@ cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 cWoIfdf k|tfk j}B, jl/i7 pkfWoIf /ljGb| j}bf/, pkfWoIf ;'/]zeQm ef]l5ef]of, pd]z/Tg zfSo dxf;lrj /lht knf~rf]s,] sf]iffWoIf dfgsfhL k|wfg, d'Vo ;+of]hs lj1fg wf}uf]8f, ;lrj s[i0fnfn >]i7, ;x;lrj /fds'df/ >]i7, ;xsf]iffWoIf Zofds'df/ efn'-d'gfn_ ;x d'Vo ;+of]hs /lj tf}hn] / ;b:ox?df xl/zrGb| clwsf/L, lgbf{]if knf~rf]s, /f]zg v'Kkf >]i7, /fhgaxfb'/ 9sfn, /xb]j kf]6], ;'hg dfgGw/, /h]Gb| k;5]+, g/]z/fh sfo:y, uf}td dfgGw/, ;'dg rf} k|wfg, nIdL >]i7, eujtL >]i7, k|]daxfb'/ tfdfª, b'uf{nIdL dfgGw/, k"l0f{df k|wfgf· / sdnf cjfn lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

z'e/fh hf]zL sfof{no k|d'v

tyf

/fh]z;'Gb/ ;}+h" cWoIf

sfe|] k'0ojtL oftfoft k|f=ln= kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

qm=;+=

!=

@=

C0fLsf] ljj/0f gfdM lx/fdfof nfdf -jfOaf_ afa' M s0f{axfb'/ tfdfª ;;'/f M rGb|Wjh tfdfª >Ldfg M wd{Wjh nfdf 7]ufgf M kf“rvfn–(, sfe|] xfn M ag]kf–*, sfe|] gf=k|=g+= M &#&$& gfdM lgdaxfb'/ tfdfª afa' M g/axfb'/ tfdfª afh] M ;fg'dfO{nf tfdfª 7]ufgf M ;:o"vs{–(, sfe|] gf=k|=g+= M #)–)!–&(–)$&&!

hdfgLstf{sf] ljj/0f gfdM wd{Wjh nfdf afa' M rGb|Wjh nfdf xh'/a'af M ah|Wjh nfdf 7]ufgf M kf“rvfn–^, sfe|] xfn M ag]kf–*, sfe|] gf=k|=g+= M #$#%)

lwtf] ljj/0f ;:o"vs{–! df /x]sf] ls=g+= !#$^ sf] If]=km= )–!@–#–) sf] hUuf / ls=g+= !#%@ sf] If]=km= )–$–@–# sf] hUuf .

gfdM km';f{ª tfdfª afa' M ;fg'sfG5f tfdfª afh] M ;fg'dfO{nf tfdfª 7]ufgf M sfe|], a'?jf;, rfkfvf]/L–* gf=k|=g+= M #)–)!–&)–!!^%& gfdM OGb|s'df/ zfx -7s'/L_ afa' M cDa/axfb'/ 7s'/L afh] M g/axfb'/ zfx 7s'/L 7]ufgf M sfe|], a'?jf;, rfkfvf]/L–* gf=k|=g+= M !%!(&)

gv]n j8f g+=–@ df /x]sf] ls=g+= !@^% sf] If]=km= )–!–)–) / gv]n @ sf] ls=g+= !@^# sf] If]=km= )–!–@–@ sf] hUuf .

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s #@ @)*! h]7 #! ut] ljxLjf/

l;l08s]6 sfod u/fpg ;ldltsf dhb'/ aLr s'6fs'6 ag]kf÷u0f]z lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft ;j]f sDkgL kf|=ln / kj'{ c/lgsf] oftfoft kf|=ln= ljrsf] ljjfb 5tf5N'n ePsf] 5 . kj'{ c/lgsf] oftfoft kf|=ln=sf] bfbflu/Lsf sf/0f c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ Ps 306f cj?4 xg' kU'of] . ofqx'?n] lsg ;8s aGb u/s ] f] eGg] kZ|g ug{ gkfpbF} c/lgsf] oftfoft ;ldltdf sfo{/t dhb/'x?n] d/0ff;Gg xg'] u/L s6's ] f] lel8of] efO/{n ePsf] 5 . ag]kfdf zlgaf/ kqsf/ ;Ddn ] g ub}{ u0fz ] lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft ;j]f sDkgL kf|=ln= / kj'{ c/lgsf] oftfoft kf|=lnsf ljjfbsf sf/0f pTkGg kl/l:ytL / cj:yfsf af/d]f ;fy} 36gfsf] l;hg{+f tyf

clxn] cj:yfsf af/d]f cWoIf cfTd/fd yfkfn] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . !) dlxgf cl3af6 z? ' ePsf] 36gf kl5Nnf] ;do @)*! h7] @@ ut] hl8a6'Ldf af $ v !(() gDj/sf] a; kj'{ c/lgsf] kf|=lnsf sdr { f/Lx?n] u0fz ] lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft kf|=lnsf] a; lgoGq0fdf lnO{ xfn;Dd g5f8s ] f] cWoIf yfkfn] atfP . pQm a; 5f8g\' eg/] cg/'fw] ubf{ klg g5f8s ] f,] kx|/LnfO{ hfx/]L lbbFf klg sfofG{jog gePsf,] dhb/' sdr { f/L dfyL xftkft ul//xs ] f] cWoIf yfkfn] atfP . pN6} u0fz ] lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft kf|=ln= sf sdr { f/LnfO{ kx|/Ln] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ sf/jfxL ul//xs ] f] pgn] atfP . oftfoft Aoj:yf sfofn { o dfkmt{ ?6

Ohfht kq lnO{ gk]fnsf sg'} klg ?6x?df ofq' afxs ;jf/L ;fwg ;r + fng ug{ kfpg] xssf] ;/'Iffsf nflu ;ldltsf tkma{f6 ( j6f lhNnf kz | f;g sfofn { odf lgjb]g lbPsf] eP klg ;/'Iffsf] dx;;' ug{ g;ss ] f] pgn] atfP . kj'{ c/lgsf] oftfoft kf|=lnsf] l;l08s6] sfod u/fpg] bfbflu/Lsf sf/0f cGo ;ldltsf Aoj;foL / dhb/' c;/'lIft aGg ku's ] f] pgn] atfP . @)*! h7] @@ ut] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] a;, a;sf rfns / ;x rfns 3fOt{] ePsf 5g\ . plgx?;uF ePsf] gub nl'6Psf] 5 . af k=|)! ))^ v #^*# gDj/sf rfns ;xrfnsx?n] c/lgsf] a;kfsd{f /xs ] f] cfv ] n9u+'fsf] knfka'f6

sf7df8f} cfPsf] af $ v !(() gDj/sf] uf8L lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] hgfOP{sf] 5 . k6s k6s ls6fgL hfx/]L lbbFf klg sf/jfxL gePsf] eGb} Aoj;foLx?n] ;/'Iff / sf/jfxLsf] dfu u/s ] f 5g\ . kj'{ c/lgsf] oftfoft ;ldltsf dhb/'x?n] u0fz ] lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft kf|=ln=sf dhb/'x?n] * k6s eGbf w/]} :yfgdf s6'lk6 u/s ] f,] dhb/'x?sf] v§'f eflFrlbPsf,] cj/fw] ubf{ ;dt] u0fz ] lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoftsf] tkma{f6 sg'} kl|tjfb gul/Psf] eP klg hl8a6'Ldf ePsf] 36gf kl5 agk]fdf kl|tafb ul/Psf] cWoIf yfkfn] atfP . agk]fdf ePsf] kl|tjfbsf sf/0f kj'{ c/lgsfs ] f] tkma{f6 /fhdfud{f rSsfhfd ul/Psf] xf] .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@& sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs ;f7L3/ eujtL uf=lj=;= j8f g+= # xfn kfFrvfn g=kf= j8f g+= ( a:g] lj/GrL nfn df:s]n] d]/f] gfdsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] d]/} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt hUuf d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 .

Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj;

j8f g+= ls=g+=

;f7L3/ eujtL

#

^&$

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd s}lkmot )–!)–)–!

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@& sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs kfFrvfn uf=lj=;= j8f g+= * xfn kfFrvfn g=kf= j8f g+= ^ a:g] afn s'df/L bg'jf/n] d]/f klt /fdaxfb'/ bg'jf/sf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt hUufsf] lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= /fdaxfb'/ bg'jf/sf] ldlt @)^^.@.@& df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] Psdfq >LdtL d lgj]bs afns'df/L bg'jf/ ePsf] x"Fbf d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

lj/GrL nfn df:s]

uflj;

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@( sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs xf]S;] uf=lj=;= j8f g+= & xfn kfFrvfn g=kf= j8f g+= * a:g] xl/z/0f yfkf, Zofd ;'Gb/ yfkf / g'/]Gb|axfb'/ yfkf ;d]t hgf # n] xfd|f afh] s]z/ axfb'/ yfkf If]qLsf] !%$ g+= l;Dn]v]t, $(* g+= ;'s{] l;Dn]v]t / &# g+= gf}la;] v]t ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] t/ ;j{] gfkLsf] ;dodf e'njz O{Gb|axfb'/ bg'jf/sf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf @)@^ ;fnb]lv @)## ;fn;Ddsf] s/ lt/L xfn;Dd xfdLx?n] g} ef]urng ub{} cfO/x]sf] hUuf s]z/ axfb'/ yfkfsf] ldlt @)$(.!!.@) df lghsf] >LdtL sfnLs'df/L yfkfsf] @)@* ;fn kmfu'gdf lghx?sf] Psdfq 5f]/f /fdrGb| yfkfsf] ldlt @)&^.!!.@% / lghsf] >LdtL sdns'df/L yfkfsf] @)%&.&.!& df cf–cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf]] lghx?sf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df xfdL # 5f]/fx? lgj]bs g} ePsf] x'Fbf xfd|f gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L btf{ ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

tkl;n uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+= If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd jfn'jf

#

$^# )–$–#–# $^$ )–^–!–! $^% )–&–!–)

O{Gb|axfb'/ bg'jf/

s}lkmot lkmN8a'sdf h=w=O{Gb|axfb'/ bg'jf/ ePsf] ;fljs nut / xsef]u lgj]bs xl/z/0f yfkf ;d]tsf] elg lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] .

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@& sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs dxfb]j:yfg uf=lj=;= j8f g+= & xfn d08gb]pk'/ g=kf= j8f g+= & a:g] Zofdnfn >]i7n] d]/f afh] cf;nfn >]i7sf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] eQmnfn >]i7sf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt hUufsf] lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= eQmnfn tfdfªsf] ldlt @)^(.$.!* df / lghsf] Psdfq >LdtL dfOnL >]i7sf] ldlt @)&%.!!.@( df cf–cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf]] lghx?sf] xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df @ 5f]/f qmdzM Zofdnfn >]i7 / /fwfs[i0f 3gZofd >]i7 ePsf]df /fwfs[i0f 3gZofd >]i7sf] ldlt @)#!.!.^ df cljjflxt cj:yfdf g} d[To' e};s]sf] x'Fbf lghsx?sf] d[To' kl5 xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df d lgj]bs ePsf] x'Fbf d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 .

Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; dxfb]j:yfg

;'AafufpF

#

#!# $–*–@–)

e}/axfb'/ sd/

s}lkmot e}/jaxfb'/ sd/ hf]uL / e}/axfb'/ sd/ oL b'O{ gfd y/ pNn]v ePsf] JolQm Ps} ePsf] elg kgf}tL g=kf=j8f g+= % sf] r=g+= !^%$ ldlt @)*).!).@! sf] l;kmfl/; k|fKt ePsf] .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@& sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs kgf}tL g=kf= j8f g+= % 3/ eO{ xfn nlntk'/ d=g=kf= j8f g+= # a:g] ;fljqL yfkfn] d]/f] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt hUuf d]/f] gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ u/L kfpF elg lbg'ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+= If]qkmn ;'AafufpF

%

%@# !–#–@–)

tkl;n lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] ;fljqL yfkf

s}lkmot >L b'uf{nfn lhDdf df]=ejfgL eQm yfkf !)* g+= df}h] rf}sf]6 cd/ l;+ dfgf rfdn v]t df]6f] .!.!@.^ af6 le8\g]

j8f g+= ls=g+= # (

#(* *%$ *%^ *^@

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@( sfe|] lhNnf kfFrvfn g=kf= j8f g+= @ a:g] b]jLk|;fb clwsf/Ln] xfdLx?sf xsbf/ nIdL, lrqs'df/L, x]ddfof clwsf/L ;d]tsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] lghx? k'Gok|;fb clwsf/L ;d]tsf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= d]/f xsbf/x? g} ePsf] ;fy} xh'/a'af rGb|sfGt clwsf/Lsf ;Gtfgdf qmdzM d[ts h]7f] 5f]/f ob'gfy clwsf/L d[ts dfOnf] 5f]/f s[i0f s]jn clwsf/L / d[ts sfG5f] 5f]/f lzjk|;fb clwsf/Ldf d[ts ob'gfy clwsf/Lsf] h]7f] 5f]/f lrGtfdl0f clwsf/Lsf] @))$ ;fndf d[To' ePsf] lghsf] @ >LdtLdf h]7L >LdtL nIdL clwsf/Lsf] ldlt @)$%.*.!( df / sfG5L >LdtL x]ddfof clwsf/Lsf] ldlt @)%(.%.!# df d[To' ePsf] lgh @ >LdtLx?af6 s'g} klg ;Gtfgsf] hfohGd gePsf] ob'gfy clwsf/Lsf] sfG5f] 5f]/f Clif eQm clwsf/Lsf] @))% ;fndf d[To' ePsf] lghsf] >LdtL lrqs'df/L clwsf/Lsf] ldlt @)$@.#.@* df d[To' ePsf] lghx?af6 klg s'g} ;Gtfgsf] hfohGd gePsf] rGb|sfGt clwsf/Lsf] dfO{nf] 5f]/f d[ts s]jn clwsf/Lsf] ;Gtfgdf Psdfq 5f]/f b]jLk|;fb clwsf/L /x]sf] rGb|sfGt clwsf/Lsf] sfG5f] 5f]/f d[ts lzj k|;fb clwsf/Lsf] ;Gtfgdf cljjflxt k'Gok|;fb clwsf/L ldlt @)!#.!.!) ut]sf lbgb]lv a]kQf eO{ xfn;Dd klg ;Dks{df gcfPsf]n] oL dfly pNn]lvt ePsf gftf uf]tfdf ePsf] ;f}tf–;f}tf nIdL clwsf/L, x]ddfof clwsf/L, b]p/fgL lrqs'df/L clwsf/Lsf] gfddf / a]kQf k'Gok|;fb clwsf/Lsf] gfddf ePsf] hUufsf] xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df d lgj]bs dfq ePsf] x'Fbf d]/f gfddf btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf] gfddf btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . tkl;n uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+= If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd s}lkmot cg}sf]6

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd !–!#–!–) )–!)–#–# )–!)–#–@ )–*–)–)

$( )–!–#–@ nl5 dfof, lrqs'df/L, x]d dfof !&$ ^–!%–@–) nl5 dfof, lrq s'df/L, x]ddfof !&@ !–^–)–@ k'Go k|;fb clwsf/L !&# )–&–@–! k'Go k|;fb clwsf/L

*

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

/fdaxfb'/ bg'jf/

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@( sfe|] lhNnf kgf}tL g=kf= j8f g+= % a:g] xl/k|;fb s'O{s]n, k/z'/fd s'O{s]n, lty{/fd s'O{s]n, df]xgk|;fb s'O{s]n, afa's[i0f s'O{s]n / b'uf{ s'O{s]n ;d]t hgf ^ n] xfdLx?sf afa' tyf ;;'/f xf]dgfy kfWofsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] lghs} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= xf]dgfy kfWofsf] ldlt @)#$.(.! df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] >LdtL of]udfof s'O{s]nsf] ldlt @)^#.(.!) df cf–cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] lghx?af6 hfohGd ePsf ^ 5f]/fx?dWo] qmdzM xl/k|;fb s'O{s]n, k/z'/fd s'O{s]n, lty{/fd s'O{s]n, df]xgk|;fb s'O{s]n, afa's[i0f s'O{s]n / /fd]Zj/ s'O{s]ndf /fd]Zj/ s'O{s]nsf] dllt @)^%.^.#) df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df >LdtL b'uf{ s'O{s]n /x]sf] x'Fbf xfdL lgj]bsx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg'ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

tkl;n uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+= If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd

;'AafufpF

^ &

s}lkmot

lnnfd lals| ;DalGw #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf pk/f]St ;DaGwdf tklzndf pNn]lvt z]o/ ;b:ox?n] ljleGg lzif{s cGtu{t o; ;+:yfaf6 shf{ ln+bf ;+:yf;+u u/]sf] zt{ sa'lnot adf]lhd efsf leq shf{sf] ;fFjf, Aofh, xhf{gf tyf lanDa z'Ns ga'emfO{ af+ls aSof}tf /fv]sf]n] ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 k6s k6s tkfO{ C0fLx?nfO{ e]63f6 tyf lnlvt kqrf/ tyf ldlt @)*).)(.)# ut], aif{ @&,c+s $& sf] sfe|] 6fO{D; ;fKtflxs klqsfdf #% lbg],ldlt @)*).!).)( ut] aif{ @* c+s )@ sf] sfe|] 6fO{D; ;fKtflxs klqsfdf !% lbg] / ldlt @)*).!!.!) ut] aif{ #), c+s !^ sf] r]i6f ;fKtflxs klqsfdf shf{ r'Stf ;DalGw ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt u/L ;+:yfdf pkl:yt e} tkfO{ C0fLx?nfO{ lnPsf] shf{sf] afFsL aSof}tf a'emfpg cfpg' xf]; elg cg'/f]w ubf{ a]jf:tf u/L afFsL aSof}tf /flv a;]sf]n] ;f] afFsL aSof}tf lwtf] ;'/If0f lbPsf] b]xfosf] crn ;Dkltaf6 lnnfd lals| c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu lnnfd las|L ;DalGw of] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt u/LPsf] 5 . t;y{ of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbg leq o; ;+:yfdf pkl:yt e} tkfO{ C0fLx?n] lnPsf] shf{sf] ;fFjf, Aofh, xhf{gf tyf lanDa z'Nssf] af+ls aSof}tf a'emfpg cfpg' jf ;f] a'emfO{ ;s]sf] eP ;f] sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg' xf]nf . gcfP tkfO{ C0fLx?sf] d+h'/Ln] sfe|]knfGrf]s lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+w ln=df o; ;+:yfsf] gfpaf6 lwtf] ;'/If0f lbPsf] b]xfosf] crn ;Dklt ;+waf6 ;xdtL lnO{ lnnfd lals| u/L c;'n pk/ u/Lg] 5 . lwtf] ;'/If0f lbPsf] b]xfosf] crn ;Dklt lnnfd lals| ubf{ k'/} /sd c;'n pk/ gePdf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd afFsL aSof}tf c;'n pk/ u/L kfp elg gfn]z bfo/ u/L tkfO{ jf tkfO{sf] Psf3/sf c+lzof/sf] gfpdf /x]sf] rn crn ;Dklt /f]Ssf /flv c;'n pk/ u/Lg] Aoxf]/f klg hfgsf/Lsf] nflu cg'/f]w 5 .

C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f

sf=k=lh=gfNb'd afn'jfkf6L uf=lj=;=j8f g=@ ls=g=*&) If]qkmn %–)–)–) ePsf] hUuf / P] gfl;sf:yfg ;fFuf uf=lj=;=j8f g=^ ls=g=#)%# If]qkmn )–!–@–! ePsf] hUuf ;f] df ag]sf] 3/ u/L lsQf @ hUuf / ;f] n] rr]{sf] lnu nufkft ;d]t

gfd, y/– sNkgf tfdfª 7]ufgf–afn'jfkf6L b]pk'/ –@, sfe|] kltsf] gfd– k'0f{ l;+x tfdfª ;;'/fsf]gfd– lj/ axfb'/ tfdfË

sf=k=lh=gdf]a'4 uf=la=;=j8f g=^ === ls=g=^)$ If]qkmn !^–!%–@–! ePsf] hUuf

@

zt{x? – !=lnnfd lals| ldlt @)*!.)$.)# ut] cyf{t of] ;'rgfsf] efsf gfw]sf] ldltn] #^-5QL;f}+_ lbgdf ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf u/Lg]5 . ;f] ldltsf lbg labf k/]] ;f] sf] ef]lnkN6 u/Lg] 5 . @=lnnfd lals| laleGg ;/sf/L tyf :yflgo lgsfosf] sfof{noaf6 pkl:yt k|ltlglw, C0fL / ;j{;fwf/0fx?sf] /f]xa/df vf]lng] 5 . laleGg ;/sf/L tyf :yflgo lgsfosf] sfof{nosf k|ltlglw / C0fL pkl:yt gePdf lnnfd lals| ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g . #=;+:yfaf6 sfod k+rs[t] df]naf6 8f+s c+s af]n saf]n ug{ AolSt tyf ;+w ;+:yf, sDklg,kmd{sf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglw cfkm} pkl:yt xg' kg]{5 . $=;a}eGbf a9L c+s af]nL lnnfd lals| ;sf/ ug]{ AolSt tyf ;+w ;+:yf, sDklg,kmd{sf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglwn] ;f]lx lbg cfkm'n] af]n]sf] c+ssf] !) k|ltzt /sd w/f}6Lsf] ?kdf ;+:yfdf bflvnf u/L #% lbg leq afls /sd hDdf u/L lnnfd lals| ;sf/ u/]sf] crn ;Dklt bf=vf= ug{ nfUg] ;Dk'0f{ /fhZj lt/L gfd;f/L ug'{ kg]{5 . %=;a} eGbf a9L c+s af]Ng] AolSt tyf ;+w ;+:yf, sDklg,kmd{sf] k|ltlglwn] ;f]lx lbg cfkm'n] af]n]sf] c+ssf] !) k|ltzt /sd hDdf gu/]df To;kl5 s|dz a9L c+s af]Ng] AolSt tyf ;+w ;+:yf, sDklg,kmd{sf] gfpdf lnnfd lals| ;sf/ u/Lg] 5 . ^= lnnfd lals| ;DalGw ;Dk'0f{ clwsf/L ;+:yfdf lglxt /xg] . lnnfd lals| ;DalGw la:t[t hfgsf/L ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

ls=g+= #@@ df gfkL 6f]nLsf] b=g+= @!% ldlt @)#).!@.@% sf] tf] s ad]flhd k+=;'AafufpF j8f g+= & a:g] ab|Lgfy kfWo / j8f g+= ! a:g] xf]dgfy kfWofsf] t]/f] d]/f] emu8f hlgPsf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@( sfe|] lhNnf ag]kf g=kf= j8f g+= ^ a:g] uf]kL rGb| >]i7, s[i0frGb| >]i7 / Zofd >]i7 ;d]t hgf # n] xfdLx?sf dfjnL xh'/a'af z+vnfn >]i7sf] gfddf df]xL sfod eO{ h=w= eQm]Zj/ dxfb]j u'7Lsf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf df]lx xs oyfjt /lx h=w= eQm]Zj/ u'7Lsf gfddf lghL u'7L sfod u/L btf{ u/L kfpF elg dfu lgj]bg u/]sf] / h=w= eQm]Zj/ dxfb]j u'7Lsf ;+rfnsx?n] ;d]t df]xL oyfjt /fvL lkmN8a'sdf /x]sf] h=w= eQm]Zj/ dxfb]j u'7Lsf gfdf lghL u'7L sfod u/L 5'6 hUuf btf{ u/L >]:tf k'hf{ agfpg dfu lgj]bg u/]sf] b]lvFbf u'7Lsf gfddf btf{ ubf{ / c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+=

If]qkmn

>Lv08k'/

)–!)–)–! )–%–@–# )–&–!–) @–!)–@–@ )–!–!–) )–!#–@–) )–!!–!–)

$

^$ ^& *$ *^ *( (! (^

hdfgL lbg] / lwtf] ;'/If0f lbPsf] crn ;Dkltsf] ljj/0f

gfd, y/– k'0f{ l;+x tfdfª 7]ufgf–afn'jfkf6L b]pk'/ –@, sfe|] != afh]sf] gfd– yfdL l; tfdfË lktfsf] gfd– lj/ axfb'/ tfdfË >LdtLsf] gfd– sNkgf tfdfª

s}lkmot

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

tklzn s|=;+

xf]dgfy pkfWofo x]dgfy pkfWof

#@@ )–%–)–! !)% )–&–#–@

eQmnfn >]i7

d]df]/Lon art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

tkl;n uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+= If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd

)–^–@– @! )–(–!–)

$^( $&!

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@( sfe|] lhNnf kgf}tL g=kf= j8f g+= % a:g] ;/:jtL sd/ hf]uL, ;/:jtL hf]uL s'j/, ;kgf s'j/, zld{nf s'j/ / Clif/fd s'j/ ;d]t hgf % n] xfdLx?sf klt, ;;'/f tyf afh] e}/jaxfb'/ s'Fj/sf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] lghs} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w=e}/axfb'/ sd/sf] ldlt @)$(.!!.!! df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] @ >LdtLdf h]7L ld7' sd/ hf]uL / sfG5L ;/:jtL sd/ hf]uL /x]sf]df ld7' sd/ hf]uL cGoq kf]Onf uPsf] xfn;Dd lr7Lkq cfbfg k|bfg s]lx gePsf] ld7' sd/ hf]uLaf6 hfohGd ePsf] Psdfq 5f]/f gfgL/fd s'Fj/ ePsf]df lghsf] ldlt @)^$.(.@) df k/nf]s ePsf] lghsf] >LdtL ;/:jtL hf]uL s'j/ ePsf] gfgL/fd s'j/ / ;/:jtL hf]uL s'j/af6 hfohGd ePsf ! 5f]/f Clif/fd s'Fj/ / # 5f]/Ldf ;kgf s'Fj/ zld{nf s'Fj/ / ;Demgf s'Fj/ ePsf]df ;Demgf s'Fj/sf] ljjfx bfg eO{ ;s]sf] x'Fbf xfdL lgj]bsx?sf gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg'ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L btf{ ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 .

Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

*

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd s}lkmot

j8f g+= ls=g+=

kfFrvfn

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

tkl;n lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd eQm]Zj/ dxfb]j u'7L

s}lkmot h=w=sf] dxndf eQm]Zj/ dxfb]j u'7L / ls;fgsf] dxndf z+vnfn >]i7 k+=>Lv08k'/ j8f g+= $ hlgPsf]

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@& sfe|] lhNnf w'lnv]n g=kf= j8f g+= !@ a:g] ;fOnf nfdf / km'ndfof tfdfªgL ;d]t hgf @ n] xfd|L cfdf tyf ;f;' ;'s'/fgL tfdfªgLsf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afFsL /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt hUufsf] lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= ;'s'/fgL tfdfªgLsf] ldlt @)&).!!.!% df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] >Ldfg wdfO{ l;+ tfdfªsf] klg ldlt @)@&.!.@ df d[To' ePsf] lghx?af6 hfohGd ePsf glhssf xsbf/df @ 5f]/f ;'s'dfg tfdfª / ;fOnf tfdfª ePsf]df ;'s'dfg tfdfªsf] ldlt @)^).!.@$ df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df Psdfq >LdtL km'ndfof tfdfªgL ePsf] x'Fbf xfdL lgj]bssf gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gf=;f= u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gf=;f= ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj;

j8f g+=

ls=g+=

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd

zf/bf

(

%#&

)–!)–#–@

;'s'/fgL tfdfªgL

s}lkmot

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

df]/flt

jif{ #) c+s #@ @)*! h]7 #! ut] ljxLjf/

d]/f] syf, d]/f] Joyf

d'Qms sljtf

eG5g\ c;f]rgLo s';Ëtn] lauf5{ dfG5]nfO{ eGg' g} kbf{ xf] cfˆg} cfbtn] ljuf5{ dfG5]nfO{ b'lgofFnfO{ s] bf]if / cf}+nf 78\ofpg] bf]ifLsf] :jfy{tf, cfzlQmkg / s'ntn] lauf5{ dfG5]nfO{

motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

z+sfn] hnfPsf] n+sfdf d]/f] lgotL d]/f] ljjfx ePsf] nueu b'O{ aif{ lalt;s]sf] lyof] . cGtd{'vL :jefjsf @* aifL{o /d]z d eGbf % aif{ h]7f] pd]/sf x'g\ . ;'Gb/ hLjg ;fyL kfpFbf lgs} xlif{t / bË lyP . d klg bË g} lyPF . em§ x]bf{ xfd|f] hf]8L stf stf cldNbf] b]lvGYof] . kftnf], cUnf] sbsf /d]z o'jf cj:yfd} clns s'k|f] b]lvGy] . gfs nfdf] ePsf]n] xf]nf cfFvfx¿ vf]lkN6f leq k;]sf] efg x'GYof] . kl/jf/s} ;xdltdf xfd|f] dfu]/ ePsf] lyof] . ljjfxsf z'?sf lbgx?df >Ldfg;Fu af]Ng nfh x'GYof] . plg;Fu eGbf klg kl/jf/;Fu af]Ng emg} nfh nfUYof] . kl5Nnf lbgx¿df /d]zsf] ;fdLKotfdf /xFbf a:bf lgs} v'n]/ xfF:g] af]Ng] ePsL lyPF . pgsf] cleefjsTjn] dnfO{ ;xh agfPsf] lyof] . x/]s s'/fdf pgn] l;sfpFy] . ljjfx ePsf lbgx¿df /d]znfO{ ;a}hgfn] lh:sfpFy] . x'Fbf–x'Fbf clkm;df klg /d]z ;/ efph" t ;fx|} /fd|L kf] kfpg' eP5 . Sof nSsL x'g'x'Fbf] /x]5 eg]/ lh:Sofpg] u/]sf lyP . /d]z s]xL gaf]nL d':s'/fP/ :jLsf/f]lQm hgfpFb} cfpg] u/]sf lyP . d]/f] ?ksf] k|z+;f ul//xFbf s;}n] d dfly cfFvf nufO{xfNg] kf] xf] ls eGg] 8/n] /d]znfO{ vfO/x]sf] x'GYof] . d]/f] Xbo v'Nnf lyof] . km/fl;nL :jfefj lyof] . hf] ;Fu klg xfF;]/ af]Ng] u/]sf] lyPF . ldng;f/ / csf{sf] b'Mv kL8fdf ;b}j ;xof]u ug{ tTk/ d]/f] x/]s Jojxf/ dg k/fpg] eP klg /d]znfO{ d c?;Fu rfF8} glhlsPsf] / xfF;]/ af]Ng] afgL dg kb{}gYof] . t/ klg v'n]/ lj/f]w eg] ug{ ;s]sf lyPgg\ . d}n] :gftsf]Q/ ;s]sf] lyPF . /d]zs} ;xdltdf lghL sn]hdf cWofkg ug{ yfn]sf] lyPF . lbgx¿ laTb} uP . xfdL b'a} cf–cfkm\gf sfddf Jo:t /xGy] . ufpF3/df lzlIft dlxnfsf] cefj ePsf]n] s'g} klg ;+3 ;+:yfn] cfˆ\gf] sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g dnfO{ cg'/f]w ub{y] . d cfˆgf] Jo:t ;dosf] afah'b klg ;fdflhs sfo{df ;xefuL u/fpFy]+ . ;dfhdf /x]/ s]xL k/f]ksf/L sfd, ;]jf ug{ kfpFbf cfgGbsf] dx;'; x'G5 . of] rfxgf kl5 uP/ of] Pp6f gzfsf] ?kdf ljsl;t x'g k'Uof] . w]/}h;f] ;do aflx/ Joltt x'g yfn]sf] af]w x'g yfNof] . p;n] d]/f] ;fdflhs sfo{ k|ltsf] nufjdf /f]s nufpg grfx]sf] x}g t/ la›f]x ug{ ;s]sf] lyPg . p;nfO{ 8/ of] lyof] ls o:tf sfo{x¿n] aflx/L JolQmx¿;Fusf] ;Dks{ a9\b} hfg] / cfkm"nfO{ la;{g ;Sg] ;Defjgf k|an /xnf . zf/Ll/s ?kdf klg d lgs} ;'Gb/ lyPF . x/]s s]6f dfG5]x?df To:tf] O{iof{n', z+sfn' :jefj

x'G5 xf]nf Tof] /d]zdf klg lyof] . /d]znfO{ z+sfn' afgLsf] lahf/f]k0f ePsf] lyof] . ;fdflhs sfo{sf cg]s kf6fx? lyP . ;dfhdf s]lx g s]lx x'Fbf dnfO{ g} eGg] ub{y] . 3/ emu8f x'Fbf klg k|x/Lsf]df hfg' k¥of] eg] klg dnfO{ g} eGy] . d k|x/Lsf]df klg uO{ lbg] u/]sf] lyPF . l;l8cf] sfof{nodf klg hfg] u/]sf] lyPF . ;fd'bflos k|x/Lsf] of]hgf ev{/} cfPsf] lyof] . ToxfF klg hfg] u/]sf] lyPF . cfkm} sfd ug{], cWoog klg ug{] eP klg dnfO{ vr{sf] klg cefj lyPg . >Ldfg\n] klg lbg] eP klg emg} ;xh lyof] . ;a} s'/f dgdf g/fvL cfbfg k|bfg x'Fbf klg pgsf] dgdf s]lx g s]lx lyof] . Tof] xf] z+sf . s;}n] pgnfO{ elglbPsf] /x]5 . /d]z bfO{ efph" t cfh ;fd'bflos k|x/L la6df x'g'x'GYof] . lgs} xfF:b} x'g'x'GYof] . xf];\ ug{';\ x} . dlxnfx? o;/L v'n:t ePsf] /fd|f] ;+s]t x}g . l5d]sdf a:g]x?sf] jf /fd|f dlxnfx? b]v]/ nf]e ug{] k'?ifx?sf o:tf sk6k"0f{ :jfy{n] el/Psf s'/fn] /d]znfO{ cfuf]df l3p ylkg] sfd x'g yfNof] . efph" cfh klg 3/df x'g'x'Gg < /d]zhL xf];\ ug{';\ x}, efph" /fd|L x'g'x'G5 . km]l/ p8fpFnfg\ lg s;}n] << s]xL dlxgf otf ;'lgb}F cfPs o:tf cleJolQmx¿nfO{ krfpFb} cfPsf /d]znfO{ ;fFRr} g} c;Xo x'g yfn]sf] lyof] . hflu/ clg To; dfly ;fdflhs sfo{df Jo:t d]/f] Jojxf/ clg c¿n] ;'gfPsf efF8e}nf] s'/fx¿n] /d]znfO{ 3f]lTnP/ ;f]Rg afWo agfpFb} nu]sf] lyof] . >Ldfg\ /d]zn] Ps lbg l;g]df x]g{ hfcf} x} . lxhf] clkm;df ;fyLx¿n] Rofl/6L ;f]sf] l6s6 NofPsf /x]5g\ . d}n]klg b'O{j6f NofPF . /d]zsf] of] k|:tfj zlgjf/ 5'§Lsf] lbg x'Fbf–x'b} lsg cfof] < s]lx ;do 3f]lTnPF / eg]+ lxhf] cl:t eGg' ePg . cfh Pp6f ;+:yfsf] sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltyL eP/ hfg'kg{] 5 . s] ug{] < c? s'g} lbg hfpFnf lg x'Gg < d]/f] To:tf] k|:tfjdf pgn] r'krfk x'G5 eg]/ 6fpsf] dfq} xNnfP . s]xL a]/kl5 d aflx/ lgl:sP . pgsf dgdf gfgf efFtLsf ts{gf cfpg yfn]sf lyP . vf6df kN6]/ /d]zn] w]/} a]/ ;f]r]sf lyP . lsg dnfO{ ;do lbGg < d}n] rfx]sf] ;dodf d lsg p;nfO{ kfpFlbg < s] ;fRr} g} aflx/ rn]sf] xNnf h:t} lgzf 3/ aflx/s} b'lgofFdf x/fpg yfn]sL x'g\ jf d;Fu ;do Joltt ug{ rfxGgg\ . kSs} klg lgzfsf] s'g} ;DaGw :yflkt ePsf] 5 < x}g eg] d]/f x/]s k|:tfj lsg ;xif{ :jLsflb{gg\ < >Ldfg\ /d]zsf] dgdf o:tf ts{gf cfpg yfn] . dgdg} o:tf s'/fx?n] 8]/f ug{ yfn] .

dfgl;s ?kdf ljlIfKt x'g yfn]sf /d]zsf] cGtd{gdf rNg] o:tf åGå zfGt kfg{ r'/f]6 ;fyL aGg yfNof] . r'/f]6sf] w'jfF;Fu} p8fpFb} jfo'd08ndf k'¥ofpFb} a8f] ljrf/0fLo x'g] ub{Yof] . pgLk|ltsf] z+sf ug{] k|j[lQ Xjft} a9]/ uof] . lj/f]w eg] ul/xfNg ;ls/x]sf lyPgg . leq–leq} kfSb} lyof] . wld/fn] u'F8 nufPsf] kj{t em}+ vf]qmf] x'b}+ uPsf] lyof] . ljjfx u/]/ pgnfO{ afws t ePsf] 5}g < pgL eGbf d s] s'/fn] cof]Uo ePF < pgL ;fRr} d;Fu v'zL 5}gg\ < agsf] af3n] vfcf];\ gvfcf];\ dgsf] af3n] /d]znfO{ la:tf/} vfFb}F lyof] . em':; bfx|L kfn]sf] x]bf{ ladf/L em}+ b]lvg] /d]znfO{ l/;fxkg, lr8lr8fxkgn] la:tf/} ufFHb} nu]sf] lyof] . d eg] oL s'/fx¿ lsg x'b}F5g\ eGg] va/af6 a]va/ lyPF . ;w}F xfF;L v';L af]Ng] /d]zdf b]lvPsf o:tf kl/jt{g b]v]/ d crlDdt x'g yfn]sL lyPF . slxn]sfxL+ lsg o:tf] x'b}F5 eg]/ hfGg gvf]h]sL klg x}g . t/ /d]zsf] cGtd{'vL :jefjsf] sf/0f h8 kQf nufpg dnfO{ xDd] xDd] k/]sf] lyof] . r}tsf] dlxgf lyof] . aflx/ x'/L atf; rln/x]sf] lyof] . t/ Tof]eGbf a9L x'/L d]/f] dg leq rln/x]sf] lyof] .

To;lbg /d]z st} aflx/ uP/ xtf/ xtf/ 3/ k|j]z u/]sf] lyof] . ;Fu} vfgf vfg] k|ltIffdf a;]sL lyPF . sf]7fdf Ps k|sf/sf] ;Ggf6f 5fPsf] lyof] . hfpF ;Fu} vfgf vfpF . pgn] d]/f] cfu|x ;'g] g;'g] em}+ u/L 6]andf Pp6f kmfO{n /fVb} To;df x:tfIf/ u/ eGof] . d s'g} /x:odo 36gfsf] kbf{kmf; ug{] JolQm em}+ z+sf:kb x]/fO{n] Tof] kmfO{n kN6fpFb} uPF . PSsf;L d 5fFufaf6 v;] em}+ ePF . ltdL d;Fu v';L 5}gf}, dnfO{ yfxf 5 . To;}n] d ltdLnfO{ :jtGqtf lbg rfxG5' . of] ;DaGw ljR5]bsf sfuhftx¿ x'g\ . x:tfIf/ u/ . olt eg]/ p aflx/ lgl:sof] . k'/} a|Dxf08 g} cfkm" dfly vlgP em}+ dxz'; eof] . hLjgsf x/]s v'l8\snfx¿;Fu} pSng] ;kgf af]s]sL d}n] ca s;}n] Tof] l;;f km'6fP em}+ rsgfr'/ kfg{ vf]h] h:t} cfef; ug{ k'u]+ . dnfO{ lrRofpg dg nfUof] . cfjfh leqleq} blaPsf] efg x'b}F lyof] . unf cj?4 ePsf] lyof] . sf]7fdf d'bf{ zflGtn] ;fd|fHo hdfPsf] lyof] . d k|Zg ug{ rfxGy]+ sxfF g]/ d]/f] uNtL eof] < hLjg lhpg] qmddf d}n] s] ldnfpg ;lsg < s;/L /d]zdf o:tf unt ;f]rfO{x¿ cfP < lsg z+sfsf] 8f]/Ln] sl:;P/ afFlwof] /d]z < s] ;fFRr} d}n] lbg] dfofdf sdL ePs} xf] < d sxfF r's]5' < ;a}eGbf efUodfgL cg'ej ul//x]sL d e|ddf kf] /x]5' < s;/L /d]z d]/f] nflu afws eof]

< d /d]z;Fu v';L 5}g < s] d}n] g} uNtLx¿ u/]sf] x'F t < /d]zsf O{R5f, dgf]sf+Iffx¿ k'/f ug{ g;s]s} x'F < d t cfkm"nfO{ ;a}eGbf kl/kSs / ;dembf/ 5' eGg] ;f]Ry]+ t/ x}g /x]5 ls Sof xf] < o:tf cgluGtL k|Zgn] dnfO{ l/Ë\ofpFb} lyof] . d dfgl;s ?kn] IftlaIft x'g k'u]+ . /d]zn] To;/L /S;L lkP/ cfpnf eGg] ;f]r]sL klg lyO{g d}n] . cfˆgf] z/L/ y]Ug g;Sg] eP/ cfPsf] lyof] . t}klg d cfˆgf efjgfx¿ JoQm ug{ cft'/ lyPF . cfkm" s;/L bf]ifL ePF . lgbf{]if ;flat ug{ s] ug{'k5{ < ;a} u5{' eGg] arga4 x'Fbf ;d]t /d]z 9'Ëfsf] d'lt{ em}+ cl8u /xg uof] . cfkm"n] To:tf] g/fd|f] sfd s]xL gu/]sf] / /d]znfO{ k|]d u/]sf] lh2L ub{} ;DaGw ljR5]b gug{ cg'go ljgo u/]+ . xf/u'xf/ dfu]+ . p 6;d; ePg . dfgf}+, pm sfg g;'Gg] ePsf] lyof] . af]Ng g;Sg] ePsf] lyof] . ;Sb} g;Sg] cj:yf ePsf] xf] eg] af]em lsg aGg' < >Ldfg\x?sf] s7k'tnL dfq} x'g\ dlxnf < plgx?sf] efjgf a'em\g g;s]sf] eGb} jf plgx?n] eg]sf] h:tf] gu/]sf] cfwf/df tTsfn} ;DaGw ljR5]b x'g'kg{] < dlxnfx?sf slt rfxgf / ;kgf k"/f ePsf 5}gg\ xf]nf < s;n] a'em\5 Tof] efjgf < Ps k6s efjgf a'em]/ x]g{] sf]l;; lsg gu/]sf] xf]nf < cfkm} k|dfl0ft ug{ lsg gnfu]sf] xf]nf < c?n] h] ;'gfof] Tof] g} ;To xf] / < sf}jfn] sfg nUof] eGb}df sf}jf nv]6\g hfg] ls sfg 5fDg] < s]lx lbg kl5sf] s'/f xf] . dfr{ * cy{ft gf/L lbj;sf] lbg lyof] . d dlxnf cfof]un] cfof]hgf u/]sf] cGt/s[ofTds uf]i7Ldf ;xefuL x'g lgl:sPsf] lyPF . ;8sdf ;jf/L;fwgsf] eL8 lyof] . lgs} a]/;Dd af6f] gv'n]kl5 d uf8Laf6 cf]ln{P/ cufl8 k'u]+ . dfG5]x?sf] le8 /x]5 . d eL8df s] ePsf] /x]5 eg]/ x]g{ yfn]+ .

ToxfF Pshgf k'?if lyof] . ;a}n] p;gnfO{ dfgl;s ;Gt'ng u'd]sf] eg]/ lh:sfO{ /x]sf lyP . p;n] af6f] 5]ls/x]sf lyP . d 5Ss k/]+ . tTsfn} PDa'n]G; af]nfPF . p Tolx /d]z lyof] . p;sf] Tof] cj:yf b]v]/ dnfO{ bof nfUof] . c:ktfndf k'¥ofP kl5 8fS6/x?n] eg] la/fdL clxn] ;fdfGo cj:yfdf 5 t/ pm zf/Ll/s ?kn] eGbf klg a9L dfgl;s ?kdf czQm ePsf] x'bfF tTsfnsf] nflu cf}ifwLeGbf klg dfof, :g]x, k|]dn] g} ;Grf] x'G5 . d :tAw ePF . lgs} a]/ ;f]r] kl5 d}n] cfˆg} sf]7fdf nu]+ . pgdf r]tgf z'Go a/fa/ lyof] . slxn]sfxL+ aa{/fpFy] . pgn] d]/f]

ltdL d;Fu v';L 5}gf}, dnfO{ yfxf 5.

To;}n] d ltdLnfO{ :jtGqtf lbg rfxG5'. of] ;DaGw ljR5]bsf sfuhftx¿ x'g\. x:tfIf/ u/. olt eg]/ p aflx/ lgl:sof]. k'/} a|Dxf08 g} cfkm" dfly vlgP em}+ dxz'; eof]. hLjgsf x/]s v'l8\snfx¿;Fu} pSng] ;kgf af]s]sL d}n] ca s;}n] Tof] l;;f km'6fP em}+ rsgfr'/ kfg{ vf]h] h:t} cfef; ug{ k'u]+.

5}g . hn]sf] / ?vdf afFw]sf] cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf ;'j]bLsf] klxrfg a}zfv clGtd ;ftfdf ePsf] lyof] . sf7df8f}+sf] l6sf:ynLaf6 a}zfv @$ ut] x/fPsf ;'j]bLsf kl/jf/n] zjsf] klxrfg u/] klg d[To'sf] sf/0f cem} v'Ng ;s]sf] 5}g . s]lx dlxgf b]lv kfl/jf/Ls c;Gt'ngdf /x]sf pgsf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?n] lel8of] dfkm{t 3/sf] ;d:of 3/df g} ;dfwfg ug{] hxfF eP klg kms{]/ cfpg afa'nfO{ clkn u/]sf lyP .

Tolta]nf afa' hln;s]sf lyP . 3/af6 lg:sFbf 3l8 / df]afO{n ;d]t 5f8]/ lgl:sPsf pgL kfFrvfndf lsg cf]ln{P < /x:odo 5 . k|x/Ln] pQm 36gfsf af/]df cem} PsLg d[To'sf] sf/0fsf af/]df

cg';Gwfg 6'Ëf]df k'¥ofpg ;s]sf] 5}g . af]lwlrQsf] ?v s6fg u/L To; cf;kf; lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ /fVg] ;d'xsf d'Vo gfO{s] l;hg eGg] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª kqmfp k/] klg cGo ;+nUgx?nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . ljZjgfy rf}w/LnfO{ lrtjg k|x/Ln] ljBfnosf] a; hnfPsf] cleof]udf kqmfp u/] kl5 pgn] sfe|]sf] /f]zLdf /x]sf] af]lwlrQsf] ?v s6fgsf] cfb]zsf nflu sfe|]sf s]lx AolQmx? cfP/ ;Nnfx ug{], lg0f{osf nflu cfb]z dfUg] u/]sf]n] kf6L{n] lg0f{o u/]sf] aofg lbPsf 5g\ . ;+nUg dWo] s]lxnfO{ s;'/ sfod gePsf] eGb} 5fl8Psf] 5 eg] cGonfO{ kqmfp ug{

k|x/Ln] cem} ;s]sf] 5}g .

To:t} t]dfn ufpFkflnsf @ df dfgWjh tfdfªn] %@ alif{of ;fO{nL tfdfªnfO{ /8 k|xf/ u/L xTof u/] . k|x/Ln] cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] atfPsf] 5 . t/ klg :yfgLox? cem} ck/fwLnfO{ sf/jfxL x'g] s'/fdf ;+zlst 5g\ . ut jif{ kfFrvfn knf~rf]sdf lbpF;} bDklQsf] xTof eof] . cem} ck/fwLx? kQf nfUg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . s]lx jif{ cl3 bz}+sf] cl3Nnf] lbg /flt sfgk'/df PSn} a:b} cfPsf k'?ifsf] xTof eof] . k|x/Ln] cem} xTof/f kQf nufpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ag]kfsf] ckfË c:ktfn tn h+undf km]nf k/]sf Ps k'?ifsf] zjsf af/]df cem} xTof/f kQf nfUg ;s]sf] 5}g .

k|]dsf] kl/lw gfKgnfO{ km'6 g laQf s]lx rflxFb}g ;Totf c7\ofpg lg, 5]p g leQf s]lx rflxFb}g wf]sf, c;Totf / cljZjf;nfO{ dfq cg]sf}+ b/sf/ k5{ / t ljZjf;nfO{ lg laQf leQf / lsQf s]lx rflxFb}g bl]vgd'f 5§'} xG'5 g} / sk6Ldgn] ul/g' 5§'} xG'5 kljqtfn] el/g' 5§'} dg / sk6Lkgn] el/g' 5§'} xG'5 rl/tfy{ cfef rDsg'df cefj / ;DkGgtfsf] e"ldsf \hLGbuLsf] esf/L, ;Gt'li6 / sk6L wgn] el/g' 5'§} x'G5 .

j;Gt vqL kgf}gL–!), sfe|]

ag]kf rKn]6L z'e ljxfgLn] u¥of] /Qmbfg

gfd klg lng] u/]sf /x]5g\ . clg 8/ dfGb} pgL lgzfdf xftx¿ ;dfTg k'Uy] . lj:tf/} p;nfO{ lgsf] x'Fb} uof] . cfˆgf :d[ltx¿sf] k|flKt kZrft p;n] dk|lt u/]sf] Aojxf/ ;De]m/ cfkm"nfO{ lwSsfg{ yfNof] . Tof] lg:jfy{ k|]dn] p;nfO{ cfTdUnfgL u/fO{ lbof] . lgZrn, caf]w gf/Ldfly c?sf] r'SnL ;'g]/ lbPsf] k|tf8gfx¿ ;Demb}+ p;n] ck/fw af]w ug{ yfNof] . cfkm"nfO{ s'g} ck/fwL em}+ af]w ub{} dfkmL dfUg] c7f]6 u¥of] . d cg'Ql/t x'G5' . d st} efjgfdf ljlng x'g k'U5' . cgGt ulx/fO{df . ;fob d To:tf] ls p < k'?if To:tf ls dlxnf < k|Zgx? cg'Ql/t 5g\ . ;fob ljutsf] ;DaGw ljR5]b efjgfdf / sfuhdf b'j}df lyof] . clxn]sf] ;DaGw efjgfn] hf]l8g k'u]sf] 5 .

lgzf /fpt eQmk'/ -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]n'sf * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

e6fe6===================================================================================================================== 7]s]bf/nfO{ kqmfp u/, d[ts bDklQnfO{ Gofo b], k|x/L cg';Gwfg lgikIf u/, h3Go ck/fwL n'sfpg kfOFb}g, Gofosf] 9f]sf v'Nnf u/, sfg"gL zf;g nfu' u/, nufotsf] gf/f n]lvPsf Kn] sf8{ ;lxt k|bz{g u/]sf lyP . k|x/Ln] PshgfnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnP/ cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] 5 . lgoGq0fdf lnPsf dWo] Ps hgfnfO{ k|df0f gk'u]sf] eGb} k|x/Ln] 5f8]sf] lyof] . xTofdf ;+nUg JolQm Ps]Gb| ;fsL{nfO{ kqmfp u/L lxhf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L k|x/Ln] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . @)*! a}zfv @* ut] kfFrvfn lh/f] lsnf] glhs} km]nf k/]sf bf]nvf lhNnf 3/ ePsf %$ aifL{o lji0f'k|;fb ;'j]bLsf] d[To'sf] sf/0f cem} v'Ng ;s]sf]

eG5g\ csNkgLo ;';Ëtn] ;kf5{ dfG5]nfO{ d]xgt / nugo'Qm cfˆg} cfbtn] ;kf5{ dfG5]nfO{ xft x'G5 xf] ;k|gdf k|]d, ljZj;gLotf / ;Totfsf] / t >dzLn pGgtzLn ;'ntn] ;kf5{ dfG5]nfO{

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Euro Kids Banepa Pulbazaar, Kavre

URGENT WANTED Vacancy For MONTESSORI TEACHER AND COORDINATOR No. of Vacancy: 2 Salary : Negotiable Montessori Teacher: Specification: Academic Qualification: Above intermediate (English Preferred) - Should be child friendly and able to handle 2-5 years children - Should have pleasant personality with excellent communication skills (Priority for Experience) Job Descriptions: - Must be able to teach, present format and design Montessori with other teaching materials independently.

- Taking responsibility for progress of a class of pre-primary and above age children. # Pre-School Coordinator - Female Preferred (Should have an excellent communication skills in English and Nepali) - Min. 2 years Experiences as an incharge or coordinator in a reputed school.

Interested can send their resume with application at: eurokidsbanepa@gmail.com Contact with: 9841514848/011-663282

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