Year 30 issue 30

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k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

Pdfn] sfe|]sf] !! cf} clwa]zg

aGb ;qnfO{ v'Nnf k|ltlglw

#) cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 30 May 2024) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$$, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h !) www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3df lta| k|lt:kwf{ #% kbsf nflu $( hgfsf] pDd]bjf/L btf{, ^ kb lglj{/f]w, * kbdf pDd]bjf/L g} k/]g ag]kf÷ sfe| ] pBf] u afl0fHo ;+3sf] @)*! h]i7 !( ut] zlgaf/ x'g] $@ cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf cWoIf kbsf nflu tLg hgfn] k|lt:kwf{ ug{] u/L pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . lxhf] a'waf/ ;fFem k|sflzt clGtd gfdfjnL cg';f/ cWoIf kbdf tLg hgfn] k|lt:kwf{ ug{] u/L pDd]bjf/L sfod ePsf] 5 . cWoIf kbsf nflu al/i7 pkfWoIf k|tfk a}B, ljlzi6 cfdlGqt ;b:o /fhg dfgGw/ / cl3Nnf] lgjf{rgdf ;d]t cWoIfsf k|Tof;L /x]sf a;Gtgf/fo0f ef]lIfef]ofn] pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/fPsf 5g\ . k|tfk a}Bsf] g]t[Tjdf al/i7 pkfWoIf u| ' j ] g tf} h n] , pkfWoIfx?df pd]z zfSo / ljsf; zdf{, dxf;lrj oz s'df/ /l~ht, sf]iffWoIf dfgsfhL k|wfg, d'Vo ;+of]hs /fh]zs'df/ >]i7, ;lrj s[i0fnfn >]i7, ;x d'Vo ;+of]hs led cfrfo{, ;x sf]iffWoIf Zofds'df/ efn' / ;x ;lrj ;/f]h >]i7 /x]sf 5g\ . kbflwsf/Ldf Ps hgf klg dlxnf 5}gg . cWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/ k|tfk a}Bn] cfly{s dGbLdf Aoj;foLx?n] em]Ng' k/]sf ;d:of, ;fgf tyf 3/]n' pBf]ux?sf] Aoj;foLstf, sfg"gL ;xlhs/0f, aflif{s Sofn]G8/ ;lxtsf sfo{qmd / pBf]uL Aoj;foLx?nfO{ cleefjs /x]sf] dx;'; u/fpg' d'Vo Ph]08f /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . pgL ;fwf/0f ;b:o x'Fb} ljleGg kbdf /x]/ ;+3sf] lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfln/x]sf 5g\ . al/i7 pkfWoIf kbdf plg bf]>f] k6s lglj{/f]w ePsf x'g\ . /fhg dfgGw/sf] g]t[Tjdf al/i7 pkfWoIf /ljGb| a} b f/, pkfWoIfx?df /fh]Gb| hf]zL / ;'/]z ef]lIfef]of, dxf;lrj /lht knf~rf]s], sf]iffWoIf ;'ljGb| /fhe08f/L, d'Vo ;+of]hs lj1fg wf}uf]8f, ;lrj >Ls[i0f yfkf, ;x d'Vo ;+of]hs /lj tf}hn], ;x ;lrj /fds'df/ >]i7 / ;x sf]iffWoIf /fds'df/ >]i7 /x]sf 5g\ . kbflwsf/Ldf Ps hgf klg dlxnf 5}gg . cWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/ /fhg dfgGw/n] ;du| Aoj;foLx?sf] ;f/yL aGg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . lhNnfsf pBf]uL Aoj;foLx?nfO{

lglj{/f]w x'g]x?df

k|tfk a}B ;d'xaf6

/fhg dfgGw/ ;d'xaf6

If]qut ;b:o tkm{ nIdL >]i7, ag]kf If]q gDj/ ! eujtL >]i7, ag]kf If]q gDj/ @

sfo{sf/L ;b:o a:t'ut tkm{ – k|]daxfb'/ tfdfª sfo{sf/L ;b:o Pzf]lzo6 tkm{ – b'uf{nIdL dfgGw/ dlxnf ;b:o– k'l0f{df k|wfgfË / sdnf cjfn

s'g ;d'xaf6 s;sf] pDd]bjf/L

ag]kf÷g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf] !! cf}+ lhNnf clwa]zgsf] tof/L lta| ?kdf ePsf] 5 . ef]ln z'qmaf/ / zlgaf/ b'O{ lbg !# j6f kflnsfsf ! ;o #% j8f / @! j6f hgalu{o ;+u7gn] clwa]zgsf] aGb ;qdf ;xefuL x'g] k|ltlgwL rog ug{]5g\ . & ;o eGbf w]/} k|ltlgwL clwa]zgsf] aGb ;qdf ;xefuL x'g]5g\ . aGb ;qdf ;xeflu x'g v'Nnf k|ltlgwL rog x'g]5g\ . @)*! h]7 @* b]lv #) ut] ;Dd w'lnv]ndf x'g] clwa]zgsf] pb\3f6g Pdfn] cWoIf tyf k"j{ k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] ug{]5g\ . lhNnf clwj]zg kf6L{ hLjgsf] lgodLt sfo{sf] cnfjf kf6L{n] c3L ;f/]sf] gd'gf sfe|], ;Dj[4 sfe|]nLsf] kl/sNkgfnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{ yk of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ ePsf] Pdfn] sfe|]n] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . lhNnf

gful/stf ljqmLsf] * jifk{l5 ‘hn]df’ – clws[tåonfO{ w/f}6Ldf 5f8\g cfb]z

df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n

cWoIf /fhg dfgGw/

k|tfk a}B al/i7 pkfWoIf pkfWoIf pkfWoIf dxf;lrj sf]iffWoIf d'Vo ;+of]hs ;lrj ;x d'Vo ;+of]hs ;x ;lrj ;x sf]iffWoIf

u|'j]g tf}hn] pd]z zfSo ljsf; zdf{ ozs'df/ /l~ht dfgsfhL k|wfg /fh]zs'df/ >]i7 s[i0fnfn >]i7 ledk|;fb cfrfo{ ;/f]hsfhL >]i7 Zofds'df/ efn' -d'gfn_

/ljGb| a}bf/ /fh]Gb| hf]zL ;'/]z ef]lIfef]of /lht knf~rf]s] ;'ljGb| /fhe08f/L lj1fg wf}uf]9f >Ls[i0f yfkf /lj tf}hn] /fds'df/ >]i7 /fds'df/ >]i7

/fhg 9sfn, h+uaxfb'/ dxt, lgbf{]if knf~rf]s], >Lk|sfz g/]z/fh sfoZy, /f]zg v'Kkf k|wfg, /h]Gb| k;+If], /xb]j v'Nnf sfo{ kf]6], ;hg dfgGw/, xl/rGb| >]i7, Zofd;'Gb/ s'Fj/, ;ldlt ;b:o lj>lht efn' >]i7, ldgaxfb'/ clwsf/L, 8f]/gfy uf]tfd], ;'/]z >]i7, gf/fo0f k|;fb sdf{rfo{, ;'dg rf} k|wfg, ltdlN;gf -lzj_, lji0f'k|;fb g/fn, lbg]z clwsf/L uf}td dfgGw/ Aoj;fo ug{ ;xhtf k|bfg ug{], ;fgf tyf 3/]n' pBf]uLx?nfO{ pBdtfdf lj:tf/ ug{ ] , lhNnfdf ePsf] ;DefjgfnfO{ Aoj;foLstf / cf}wf]lusLs/0f ug{] d'Vo Ph]08f /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . ;+3sf ljleGg kbdf /x]/ lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn]sf dfgGw/ xfn ljlzi7 cfdlGqt ;b:osf ?kdf sfo{/t 5g\ . a;Gtgf/fo0f ef]lIfef]ofn] Psn pDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . plg cl3Nnf] k6s jt{dfg cWoIf /fh]Gb|

k;FIf]sf] ;d'x;Fu k/flht ePsf lyP .

Tolta]nf ef]lIfef]of / k;FIf]sf] ;d'xut k|lt:kwf{ ePsf] lyof] . ef]lIfef]ofsf] ;d'xaf6 plg / s]lx afx]s clwsf+z ljhoL ePsf lyP . Tolx abnf lng eGb} ef]lIfef]lofn] Psn cWoIf kbdf pDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf x'g\ . rf/ …;Ú sfod ug{ pDd]bjf/L /x]sf] ;fdflhs ;+hfn dfkm{t ef]lIfef]lofn] 3f]fif0ff u/]sf 5g\ . ;do, ;fem]bf/L, ;xsfo{ / ;t{stf pgn] cfkm\gf d'Vo Ph]08f agfPsf 5g\ .

a;Gtgf/fo0f ef]lIfef]of ltg} hgf cWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/ / ;d'xsf ;b:ox? oltv]/ Aoj;foLx?sf] 3/b}nf]df hfg yfn]sf 5g\ . ltg} hgf cWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/n] Aoj;foLx?sf] xs lxtsf nflu cfkm\gf] g]t[TjnfO{ ljhoL u/fpg Aoj;foLx?nfO{ cfAxfg u/]sf 5g\ .

Aoj;foLx?n] o; cl3sf] lgjf{rgdf b]v]sf] c:j:y k|lt:kwf{, lgjf{lrt sfo{;ldltn] ax'dt / cNkdtsf gfddf ug{ g;s]sf sfo{x?sf af/]df ;a} pBf]uL Aoj;foLx? kl/lrt 5g\ . lgjf{rgdf ! xhf/ @ ;o %! dtbftfsf] gfdfjnL k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . lgjf{rg sfo{tflnsf cg';f/ @)*! h]7 !% ut] clGtd gfdfjnL k|sfzg ul/Psf] lyof] . $! cf} clwa]zgdf ! xhf/ # ;o eGbf w]/} Aoj;foLx?n] ;b:otf gljs/0f u/fPsf lyP . lxhf] a'waf/ cyf{t h]7 !^ ut] ljxfg ( ah] b]lv !! ah];Dd pDd]bjf/sf nflu kmf/fd ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . pDd]bjf/L btf{sf] ;do ljxfg ;f9] !! ah] b]lv lbp;f] @=#) ah];Dd /flvPsf] lyof] . pDd]bjf/sf] gfdfjnL lbp;f] #=#) ah] k|sfzg ul/Psf] lyof] . pDd]bjf/L lkmtf{sf] ;do lbpF;f] ;f9] $ ah] b]lv ;f9] ^=#) ah];Dd /flvPsf] lyof] . pDd]bjf/x?sf] clGtd gfdfjnL k|sfzg ;fFem & ah]nfO{ afFsL @ k]hdf

clwj]zgnfO{ eAotfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{ l;+uf] kf6L{k+lQm / cfd sfe|]nL hg;d'bfonfO{ g]skf Pdfn] sfe|] lhNnf sld6Ln] clkn u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -Pdfn]_ sfe]|knf~rf]s lhNnf sld6Lsf] !) cf}+ k"0f{ a}7sn] clwj]zgsf] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'sf cg';f/ clwa]zg tof/Lsf nflu ul7t pk ;ldltx?n] lg/Gt/ sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . clwj]zg tof/Lsf nflu kf6L{ cWoIf czf]s Jof~h"sf] ;+of]hsTjdf k|ltj]bg n]vg ;ldlt, pkfWoIf rGb| nfdfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf cfly{s Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, ;lrj /fhg e't]{nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf k|ltlgwL Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, pk;lrj /fhs'df/ ;fksf]6fsf] ;+of]hsTjdf :jo+;]js kl/rfng ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . clwj]zgsf] nfuL d~r / vfgf Aoj:yfkgsf] ;+of]hg kf6L{ w'lnv]n gu/ sld6Ln] ug]{5 .

sfe| ] k nf~rf] s lhNnf cbfnt w'lnv]ndf d'n'sL kmf}hbf/L sfo{ljlw ;+lxtf, @)&$ sf] bkmf #@ adf]lhd gful/stf / /fxbfgL ;DjGwL s;"/ btf{ ePsf] lyof] . g]kfn k|x/L k|wfg sfo{fno s]G›Lo cg';Gwfg Jo"/f]sf] kq hfx]/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL eO{ sf7df8f}, sf7df8f} dxfgu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ @^ sk'/wf/fdf a:g] bfjf lIfl/ª g]kfnL gfd lgdf tfdfª, af/f lhNnf lghu9 gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !@ 3/ eO{ xfn sf7df8f}+ lhNnf sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf #@ a:g] $& alif{o emk]G›/fh v/]n / u'NdL 3/ eO{ nlntk'/ lhNnf dxfnIdL gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ % a:g] /fdrG› co{fn lj?4 /fxbfgL / gful/stf s;'/ lj?4 hfx]/L hfx]/L btf{ ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] gful/stf / /fxbfgL ;DjGwL s;"/df ljb]zL gful/s bfjf lIfl/ª elgg] lgdf tfdfªnfO{ y'gfdf /fVg] cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . pgnfO{ gful/stf ljqmL ug{] clws[t emk]G›/fh v/]n / tTsflng ;'Aaf xfn clws[t /fdrG› cof{nnfO{ w/f}6Ldf 5f8\g] cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . gful/stf vl/b ljqmL u/]sf] * jif{ kl5 pQm d'2fdf ;'g'jfO{ ePsf] xf] . r]i6f ;fKtflxs nufotsf ;+rf/dfWodx?n] lg/Gt/ ;dfrf/ k|sfzg u/] kl5 pQm cleof]udf u[x dGqfnon] 5fgljg ug{ ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . lgdf ;lxt # ;o %)

hgfnfO{ gful/stf ljqmL u/]sf] k|dfl0ft eP klg cGosf xsdf cem} cg';Gwfg ePsf] 5}g . lhNnf GofofwLz lzjs'df/ kf]v/]nsf] Ohnfzn] cfO{taf/ u/]sf] y'g5]s ax;df ;'Aaf /x]sf cof{nnfO{ %) xhf/ / clws[t v/]nnfO{ ^ nfv w/f}6L dfu ug{] cfb]z u/]sf] xf] . l h N n f c b f n t sfe|]knf~rf]ssL clws[t tyf ;"rgf clwsf/L lx/fs'df/L e08f/Lsf cg';f/ gful/stf / /fxbfgL ;DjGwL cleof]udf lhNnf GofofwLz lzjs'df/ kf]v/]nsf] Ohnfzaf6 ljb]zL gful/s lgdf tfdfªnfO{ y'gfdf /fv]/ cg';Gwfg ug{ / clws[t4o v/]n / cof{nnfO{ w/f}6Ldf l/xf ug{ cfb]z ePsf] 5 . cof{n w/f}6L /fv]/ cfO{taf/ g} l/xf ePsf 5g\ eg] v/]n w/f}6L a'emfpg g;s]sf sf/0f sf/fuf/ rnfg ePsf lyP . ;f]daf/ pgL w/f}6L a'emfP/ l/xf ePsf 5g\ . ljz]bL gful/s lgdf o; cl3 g} ca}B ;'g k}+7f/L cleof]udf k'k{Ifsf nflu sf/fuf/df lyP . v/]n / cof{n lhNnf cbfntsf] cfb]zn] g]kfnL gful/s /fh' u'?ªnfO{ gful/stf ljqmL u/]sf] cleof]udf k'k{Ifsf nflu sf/fuf/ rnfg ePsf lyP . pRr cbfntsf] cfb]zn] plgx? b'a}nfO{ w/f}6Ldf 5f8\g cfb]z lbPsf] eP klg csf{] d'2fdf cg';Gwfg hf/L /x]sfn] w/f}6L ga'emfO{ sf/fuf/df g} a;]sf lyP . v/]nnfO{ pRrn] ^ nfv w/f}6L dfu u/]sf] lyof] eg] lhNnfn] klg ^ nfv w/f}6L dfu u/]sf] 5 . cof{nnfO{ eg] pRrn] %) xhf/ / lhNnfn] klg %) xhf/ w/f}6L dfu u/]sf] 5 . cj}w ;'g k}7f/L tyf ;+ul7t ck/fw d'2fsf] cg';Gwfgsf] l;nl;ndf kqmfp k/]sf a]lNhod afFsL @ k]hdf

rfFbgL rf]s ;lkË ;]G6/ ejgdf a'ls· v'Nnf a}+s, clkm;, k;n ;6/ nufot ljleGg k|of]hgsf] nflu 7"nf] :k]; ePsf] ejgdf a'lsË v'Nnf .

-xfO{–j] af6f], lgdf{0f sfo{ x'Fbf klg cj/f]w gx'g] ._ ;Dks{ (*$!$&)$%*, (*^(&!*^^@

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Ps} /ft jf lbpF;} klg ljleGg :yfgaf6 rf/j6f ;d]t df]6/;fO{sn rf]/L x'g] u/]sf 5g\. rf]/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwg tTsfn s;/L cGo :yfgdf ;lx ;nfdt k'¥ofO{G5g\ < Ps} lbg km/s km/s ;dodf rf]/L ePsf df]6/;fO{sn Pp6f AolQmn] n}hfg ;Sg] ;Defjgf x'g ;S5 < k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf AolQmx?af6 yk cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] eP klg tYo / r'/f]df k'Ug eg] sl7g 5 . ev{/ !*÷!( jif{sf o'jfx? rf]/Ldf lsg ;+nUg eO{/x]sf 5g\ < a]/f]huf/ dfq} k|d'v ;d:of xf] jf ;dfhn] lbPsf] lzIff / ;F:sf/ < xfdL s:tf] ;dfh lgdf{0f ub{} 5f}+ < ljsf; eg]sf] k"jf{wf/ dfq} xf] < o'jfx? unt af6f]df lsg lx8\g afWo eO{/x]sf 5g\ jf afWo kfl/Psf 5g\ < /fHosf lgsfox?n] ;f]Rg' kg{] uDeL/ ljifo 5g\.

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udL{ofddf nfUg;Sg] /f]uaf6 arf}+ / arfcf}+ 4kofK{t dfqfdf kfgL jf emfl]nnf] kbfy{ lkpg] u/f,+} 4df;}dcg;'f/sf tfhf t/sf/L Pj+ kmnkmn " pkefu] u/f,+} 4;8]un]sf] / af;L vfg]s'/f gvfcf}+, 4v'nf:yfgdf c;'/lIft tl/sfn] /flvPsf vfg]s'/f gvfcf}+, 4w]/} cldnf], lrNnf] / d;n]bf/ vfgf gvfcf}+, 43/ aflx/ lx8\bf z/L/ 9fSg] u/L n'uf nufcf}+, 43/, cfuFg / cf;kf;sf] If]q ;kmf /fvf}+, 4JolQmut ;/;kmfO{df Wofg lbcf}+.

g]kfn ;/sf/

lj1fkg af]8{

cfhsf] ljrf/

jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/

;xsf/L ;xsf/Ls} df]8ndf ;~rfng lsg ePgg\ pkfo s] 5 < g]kfndf jf ;+;f/sf h'g} b]zdf klg hlta]nf h'g cfjZostfn] ;xsf/Lsf] kl/sNkgf ul/of], h] p2]Zo /fv]/ jf h;sf nflu nlIft u/L ;xsf/Lsf] :yfkgf eof], h'ga]nf o;sf] d"n dd{ to ul/of], Toltv]/ ;xsf/Ldf xhf/f}+ nfvf}+ ;b:o x'G5g\, o;sf] sfo{If]q Jofks x'G5, krf;f}+–;}of}+ sd{rf/L x'G5g\, c/af}+ /sd hDdf x'G5, ;xsf/L a}+ssf] df]8ndf ;~rfng x'Fb} hfG5g\, s/f]8f}+sf] C0f nufgL x'G5, k|lt:kwf{df y/Ly/Lsf ;]jf ;'ljwf lbg'k5{, To;sf nflu gfkmfd"ns O{G;'/]G; sDkgLsf] ;xf/f lnP/} ePklg ;b:onfO{ ;'ljwf lbg'k5{, Ps csf{ ;xsf/Ln] k|lt:kwL{ efj /fV5g\, cfk;df c:j:y k| l t:kwf{ x' G 5, sltko ;~rfnsx?n] abdf;L u5{g\, C0fLx?n] C0f ltb}{gg\, hUufdf nufgL u5{g\, cfˆgf–cfˆgfaLr lagf lwtf] C0f nufgL u5{g\, sltko ;xsf/Ln] ;b:osf] art lkmtf{ug{ ;Qm}gg\ eg]/ Toltv]/ s;}n] ;f]r]s} lyPgg\ .

Toltv]/ ;'? ubf{ jf cfjZos dxz'; ubf{sf] ;f]r cs}{ lyof], ;+rfng df]8n, p2]Zo cs}{ lyof] . Toltv]/sf] s'/f] cs}{ lyof], clxn]sf] s'/f cs}{ 5 .

Toltv]/sf] ;do, kl/l:ylt / cfjZostf km/s lyof], clxn]sf] km/s 5 . vf;df eGg'kbf{ wgLx?sf] k};f hDdfug]{ 7fpF xf]Og ;xsf/L, t/ kl5Nnf] ;dodf To:t} b]lvof] .

To;sf/0f ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t /x]/ ;~rflnt s]xL ;xsf/Lx? afx]s clxn]sf zx/s]lG›t 7"nf ;xsf/Lx? ;xsf/Lsf] jf:tljs cy{, dd{ / p2]Zo cg';f/ ;~rfng ePsf 5}gg\ . ldl>t ju{, ;d'bfo, km/s km/s cfly{s x}l;ot / p2]Zo ePsf JolQmx? Ps} 7fpFdf x'g] / k/:k/ lxtsf nflu cfk;df ldn]/ sfd gug]{ cj:yfsf ljQLo ;+:yf ;xsf/L s;/L x'g ;S5G<< of] ;xsf/Lsf] cy{;+u d]n vfFb}g To;sf/0fn] g} ;xsf/Ldf ljleGg ;d:of b]lvPsf] xf] . ;Lldt wgf9\of

k|sfz e't{]n

ju{x?n] xhf/f}+ u/Lj / cfly{s ?kdf ljkGg JolQmx?dfly /fh ul//x]sf x'G5g\ sltko ;xsf/Ldf . zx/df d'Vo sfo{If]q agfO ;~rfngdf cfPsf s'g rflxF ;xsf/Ldf cWoIf, sf]iffWoIf, ;lrj jf kbflwsf/L u/Lj tyf lgDg cfly{s cj:yfsf] JolQm 5 < ;b:ox? Pp6} ;d'bfosf 5}gg\, ;dfg p2]Zo / cfly{s x}l;otsf klg 5}gg\, k/:k/ lxtsf nflu ldn]/ sfd u/]sf] klg b]lv+b}g . ;xsf/Ls} sf/0fn] cfly{s / Joj;flos ?kdf lxhf]sf] cj:yf / cfhsf] cj:yfdf Jofks ;'wf/ cfPsf pbfx/0fx? klg Hof2} sd 5g\ . x]g]{g} xf]eg] h;nfO{ ;xsf/Lsf] vf; cfjZostfg} 5}g, p2]Zo cg';f/sf] ;xof]u rflxPs} 5}g, k/:k/ lxtdf sfd g} ub}{g p;}n] rflxF ;xsf/L vf]ln/x]sf] 5, pm / pm h:t}sf] ;d"xn] ;xsf/LnfO{ JolQmut Joj;fosf] ?kdf rnfO/x]sf 5g\ sltko 7fpFdf . To;sf/0f clxn]sf] ;dosf ;xsf/L / ;xsf/Lsf] jf:tljs cy{, dd{, l;4fGt, p2]Zo d]n vfPsf] 5} g eg] s;/L ;xsf/LnfO{ ;xsf/Lsf] df]8ndf ;~rflnt 5 eGg]<< clxn] Tof] a]nfsf] p2]Zo, l;4fGt, dd{ / sd{ km/s e};Sof], ;xsf/Lx? Tof]eGbf lgSs} cul8 al9;s], ca Tolta]nfsf tL k'/fgf

s'/fx?n] sfd ug]{jfnf 5}g . t/ ;/sf/, dGqfno, ljefu, To; cGtu{tsf ;/sf/L sfof{no, :yfgLo lgsfo clxn]sf] kl/jlt{t\ ;do / cj:yfnfO{ dfGg tof/ 5}g . ;xsf/LnfO{ pxL k'/fg} cj:yf cg';f/sf] xf];\ / ToxL dd{d} ;~rfng xf];\ eGg] k'/fg} ;f]rdf 5 . s'/f oxLFg]/ ldln/x]sf] 5}g t;y{, ;do ;fk]If ;xsf/Lsf] cy{, p2]Zo, dd{, l;2fGt kl/dfh{g ug{' cfjZos 5, cGoyf sfds'/f] Psflt/ s'Dnf]af]ls l7dLlt/ eg]em}+ x'g hfFbf ;xsf/Lsf] cy{, dd{, l;4fGt, p2]Zo eGbf km/s 9+udf cufl8 a9]sf ;xsf/L / ;/sf/sf] tfnd]n ldNbg . sd{ / dd{ km/s k5{, ;xsf/L ;xsf/Lsf df]8ndf ;~rfng x'g ;Qm}gg\, ;d:of Ho"Fsf To"F x'G5g\ . ljifout ;xsf/Ln] klg btf{ / p2]Zo cg'?k sfd u/]sf 5}gg\ .

To;dfly 7"nf] agfpg] xf]8afhLdf cufl8 a9]sf km/s km/s p2]Zosf, km/s km/s cfly{s x}l;ot, ju{, e]u nufotsf=== JolQmx? Pp6} ;xsf/Ldf c6fP/ pxL vfnsf ;]jf ;'ljwf s;/L lbg]< jf ;b:odf km/s km/s ;]jf ;'ljwf lbP/ e]befj s;/L ug]{ eGg] k|Zg ;+u;+u} 5 . ca a?, e]uLo lx;fan] jf ;xefuL ;b:osf lx;fan] ;xsf/Lsf] ju{ 5'6\ofpg' cfjZos e};Sof],

To; cg';f/sf] klxrfg lbg' h?/Lg} e};Sof] . ljifout ;xsf/L leq klg ;b:osf] cfj2tf, nfef+ljt ju{, ;+:yfsf] k|s[lt, ;~rfng k2lt, d'Vo sfo{ Pj+ k"FhLsf] kl/If0fsf] cfwf/df u'0ff]:t/sf] klxrfg lrGxF k|bfg u/L ;b:o, ;xsf/L cleofg / ;/sf/L lgsfon] b]Vg] lalQs} s'g s:tf] xf] 5'6\ofpg ;Sg] Joj:yfsf] yfngL ug{' h?/L b]lvof] . h;/L b]zsf] s'g} Pp6f a}+s, kmfOgfG; jf OG:of]/]G; sDklgdf ;d:of cfpFbf c?nfO{ km/s kb}{g jf k"/} If]q lau|]sf] ?kdf a'lem+b}g To;}u/L b]zsf Psfw ;xsf/Ldf ;d:of b]lv+bf jf u8a8L x'Fbf ;du| ;xsf/L abgfd x'g] cj:yfaf6 d'Qm ug]{ ljifodf k|of; x'g'k5{ .

To;}n] ;a}nfO{ nufd lagfsf] 3f]8fem}+ 5f8f 5f]8\g'eGbf cfjZos kl/If0f kZrft ju{ 5'6\ofO{ u'0ff]:t/ lrGxF k|bfg x'g;s] Ps b'O{j6fsf sf/0fn] l;Ëf] ;xsf/L cleofg abgfd x'g] cj:yfaf6 /fxt ldNg;S5. To;}n] ;/sf/n] PstkmL{ lx;fan] ;xsf/Lsf] pa]nfsf] cy{, p2]Zo, dd{ / l;4fGt 6]s]/ x'–ax' To:t} vf]hL ;xsf/L k|lt s7f]/ k|:t't\ x'g'eGbf ;do;fk]If o'u ;'xfpFbf] kl/jt{g kl/dfh{g ;lxt ;xsf/LnfO{ juL{s/0f tyf u'0ff]:t/ lrGx k|bfg ug]{ ljifodf klg gLltut Joj:yf ;lxt cufl8 a9L ;d:ofsf] sf/0f / To;sf] lgjf/0fdf ljz]if Wofg lbg' cfjZos 5 .

-n] v s a' 8 f] n ;fd' b flos ;fsf];sf ;x;lrj tyf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;femf /fli6«o ufg æ;fsf]; ufgÚsf /rgfsf/_

pBf]u======================================== lhNnf k| z f;g sfof{ n odf /flvPsf] lyof] . Aoj;foLx?n] cfh ljlxaf/, ef]nL z'qmaf/ / zlgaf/ lbpF;f] ! ah];Dd dt dfUg ;Sg] u/L sfo{qmd to ePsf] 5 . zlgaf/ lbp;f] ! ah] dtbfgsf ;]jfu|flxx?nfO{ lgz'Ns :jf:Yo ;]jf nflu sfo{qmd tflnsf ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5 . pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf] ljBfg cg';f/ cWoIf, al/i7 pkfWoIf, b'O{ pkfWoIf, dxf;lrj, ;lrj, ;x ;lrj, sf]iffWoIf, ;x sf]iffWoIf, d'Vo ;+of]hs, ;x d'Vo ;+of]hs u/L !% hgf kbflwsf/L x'g] Aoj:yf 5 .

To:t} !) hgf v'Nnf ;b:ox? lgjf{lrt, @ hgf dlxnf lgjf{lrt, If]qut ;b:o * hgf / dgf]lgt # u/L #* ;b:oLo sfo{ ;ldlt u7g x'g]5 . #% kbsf nflu dfq} lgjf{rg x'g]5 . s]lx AolQmx?nfO{ ljlzi6 cfdlGqt ;b:osf ?kdf dgf]lgt ug{] Aoj:yf 5 . lgjf{rg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs s[i0fk|;fb vgfnsf cg';f/ #% kbsf nflu pDd]bjf/L v'Nnf ePsf]df $( hgfsf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . h;dWo] * j6f If]qut ;b:o kbdf pDd]bjf/L g} btf{ ePg . ^ kbdf lglj{/f]w ePsf] 5 . ca !% kbflwsf/L ;lxt !) v'Nnf ;b:o kbdf dfq} lgjf{rg x'g]5 . pDd]bjf/L btf{af6 dfq} ;+3n] !^ nfv &% xhf/ ?k}of cfDbfgL u/]sf] 5 . gljs/0faf6 sl/j !* nfv ?k}of ;+sng ePsf] 5 .

gful/stf=================================== gful/s tyf lrlgofF gful/sx?n] em'¶f tyf sLt{] sfuhftx? lgd{f0f u/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knfGrf]saf6 g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq agfO{ ;f]xL sLt{] gful/stfsf] cfwf/df g] k fnL /fxbfgL lnPsf] cg';Gwfgsf qmddf km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . plgx?sf gfddf hf/L ePsf] /fxbfgL tyf g]kfnL gful/stfsf] ;Ssn tyf gSsnsf cfwf/df plgx?nfO{ sd{rf/Lx? ;d]tsf] lu/f]xn] gful/stf / /fxbfgL pknAw u/fPsf lyP . a]lNhod gful/s /fxbfgL gDj/ lhP $%(&#^$ afxs bfjf l5l/ªusf] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knfGrf]saf6 lgdf tfdfªsf] gfdaf6 g]kfnL gful/stf #)–)!–&$–!!*^* gDj/sf] @)&$ k'if @) ut] lnPsf lyP . u[x dGqfno gful/stf tyf /fli6«o kl/rokq Joj:yfkg zfvfn] u/]sf] cg';Gwfg, 5fgljg ;ldltsf k|ltj]bg tyf ljleGg ;+rf/dfWodsf] lg/Gt/ ;dfrf/ k|sfzg kl5 ;'g k}7f/Ldf k'k{Ifsf nflu sf/fuf/ /x]sf bfjf ;lxt gful/stf / /fxbfgL pknAw u/fpg e"ldsf v]Ng] sd{rf/Lx? pk/ sf/jfxLsf nflu g]kfn k|x/L k|wfg sfo{fno s]lG›o cg';Gwfg Jo"/f] dxf/fhu+hn] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]nfO{ @)*) ebf} !! ut] kq n]v]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx kqsf cfwf/df lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]n] z'? u/]sf] cg';Gwfg tyf btf{ u/]sf] d'2fdf lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] y'g5]s cfb]z u/]sf] xf] . ljb]zL dfq} bh{gf}n] gful/stf agfPsf] clen]vdf km]nf k/]sf] 5 . k|x/Ln] cGosf ljifodf cem} cg';Gwfg z'? u/]sf] 5}g . k|x/Ln] pQm d'2fsf] cg';Gwfgsf qmddf tTsflng k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;lxt clws[tx? ;d]t u/L @( hgf;Fu aofg lnPsf] lyof] . clws[t e'k]Gb| kf08]on] ljqmL u/]sf gful/stfsf] cg';Gwfg z'? ePsf] 5}g . pgn] hf/L u/]sf bh{gf} gful/stf gSsnL 5g\ . aofgdf ltg} hgf k|ltjfbLn] cfkm'x?nfO{ pQm gful/stf / /fxbfgLsf af/]df hfgsf/L gePsf] atfPsf 5g\ . /fxbfgL / gful/stfdf cf}7f 5fk bfjf nfdf;Fu ldn]sf] 5 . j8fsf] l;kmfl/; tyf cGo sfuhft ;a} gSsnL lgdf{0f u/L bfjf lIfl/ªn] lgdf nfdfsf gfddf gful/stf lnPsf lyP . ;f]lx lbg cGo s]lx yfg gSsnL gful/stf hf/L ePsf lyP .

ljb]zL dfq} bh{gf}n] gful/stf agfPsf] clen]vdf km]nf k/]sf] 5 . k|x/Ln] cGosf ljifodf cem} cg';Gwfg z'? u/]sf] 5}g . a]lNhod gful/s bfjf lIfl/ª g]kfnL gfd lgdf tfdfªsf] xsdf gful/stfsf] s;"/ tkm{ g]kfn gful/stf P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @! sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ tyf /fxbfgL P]g cGt{usf] sf/jfxL dfu ul/Psf] 5 . clws[t emk]G›/fh v/]n / tTsflng ;'Aaf xfnsf clws[t /fdrGb| cof{nsf] xsdf g]kfn gful/stf P]g,@)^# sf] bkmf @! sf] pkbkmf -#_ n] lgif]lwt s;"/ u/]sf] cleof]udf sf/jfxLsf] dfu ul/Psf] 5 . gk]fn gful/stf Pg], @)^# sf] bkmf @! sf\] pkmbkmf -!_ df u/s ] f] b08 ;hfo ;DjGwL Aoj:yfdf sg'} ljbz ] Ln] gk]fnL gful/s ePsf] bfaL u/L em7'f] ljj/0f lbO{ gk]fnL gful/stf kf|Kt u/d]f Ps jif{ bl]v kfr aif;{Dd sb} jf krf; xhf/ ?ko}f bl]v Ps nfv ?ko}f;Dd hl/afgf jf bj'} ;hfo xg'] Aoj:yf u/s ] f] 5 eg] bkmf @!-#_ s;n } ] gk]fnL gful/stfsf] emÝ'f] jf lst]{ kd|f0fkq v8f u/d]f jf jgfO{ kr | ngdf NofPdf To:tf] sfo{ ug,]{ u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jifb{l]v kfrF jif;{Dd sb} jf jL; xhf/ bl]v Ps nfv ?ko}f;FDd hl/jfgf jf bj'} ;hfo xg'5] . /fxbfgL Pg], @)@$ sf] bkmf % df pNnv ] ePsf] b08 ;hfo ;DjGwL Aoj:yfdf s;n } ] em§'f aofg jf laj/0f lbO{ /fxbfgL kf|Kt u/d]f jf kf|Kt ug{ ko|Tg u/d]f jf bkmf # sf] ljk/Lt ljbz ] ed|0f u/d]f jf ug]{ ko|Tg u/d]f jf gk]fn ;/sf/n] lbPsf] cfbz ] jf lgbz ]{ gsf] kfng gu/d]f jf hg' p2Z]osf] nflu /fxbfgL hf/L ul/Psf] xf] ;f] afxs ] cGo p2Z]osf] nflu /fxbfgLsf] ko|fu] u/d]f jf cfkmg\f] gfps F f] /fxbfgL c?nfO{ ko|fu] ug{ lbPdf jf csf{sf] /fxbfgL ko|fu] u/d]f jf of] Pg] / o; Pg] cGtut{ ags ] f lgod alvn { fk cGo sg'} sfd sf/jfxL u/d]f lghnfO{ Ps aif;{Dd sb} jf kfrF;o ?ko}f;FDd hl/jfgf jf bj'} ;hfo xg' ;Sg5] . /fxbfgL P] g , @)&^ sf] bkmf @! s;' / df s;} n ] b] x fosf] s' g } sfo{ u/] d f, ug{ nufPdf jf ug{ ;xof] u u/] d f o; P] g jdf] l hdsf] s;' / u/] s f] dflgg] pNn] v ul/Psf] 5 . bkmf @@ df s;} n ] bkmf @! sf] v08 -s_ -v_ -u_ -3_ -ª_ -r_ -5_ jdf] l hdsf] s;' / u/] d f To:tf] s;' / ug{ ] n fO{ b' O { nfv ?k} o f b] l v kfF r nfv ?k} o fF ; Dd hl/jfgf jf Ps jif{ b ] l v tLg jif{ ;Dd s} b jf b' j } ;hfo x' g ] 5 .

w'lnv]n÷u0ftGq lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]s / hg:jf:Yo sfof{nosf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe| ] k nf~rf] d f ;] j f lbg cfPsf ;]jfu|flxx?sf nflu Ps lbg] lgz'Ns :jf:Yo kl/If0f u/fPsf] 5 . d]lyGsf]6 c:ktfnsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]sn] g;g{] /f]usf] :jf:Yo kl/If0f tyf k/fdz{ ;]jf pknAw u/fPsf] xf] . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] ;]jfu|flxx?nfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf pknAw u/fpFb} /f]u nfUg glbg / To;sf af/]df k/fdz{ lbg] k|oTg ul/Psf] atfO{g\ . lhNnf ;dGjo

;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbks'df/ uf}td, ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;'af; kf}8]n, hg:jf:y k|d'v /flu >L sIfklt nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . lzlj/df /Qmrfksf] hfFr, /utdf lrgLsf] dfqfsf] hfFr, lk;fadf Pna'ldgsf] hfFr, zf/Ll/s tf}n, prfO{ / lj=Pd=cfO{ nufotsf] kl/If0f ul/Psf] lyof] . lhNnf :t/Lo u0ftGq lbj; ;df/f]x ;ldlt sfe|]sf] cfof]hgf tyf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf sfe|] alx/f dfWolds lawfno / cfbz{ afnaflnsf s]G›nfO{ z}lIfs ;fdfu|L ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSo, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{, k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]nfk|;fb rfkfufO{ nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

;fwf/0fLs/0f ;~rf/ – 9f“rfaf/] cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\uf]i7L sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfno -s]o"_ sf] efiff tyf cfd;~rf/ ljefuåf/f oxL cfOtaf/ cfof]lht cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\uf]i7L eJotfk"j{s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ef/tl:yt ;fpy Plzog o'lgel;{6L -blIf0f PlzofnL ljZjljBfno_ sf s'nklt k|f=8f= s]=s]= cu|jfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf …;fwf/0fLs/0f ;~rf/–9fFrfsf] b'O{ bzsÚ zLif{ssf] cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\uf]i7L xfQLjg, nlntk'/l:yt :s"n ckm cf6{\;\ kl/;/df ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . ;ª\uf]i7Ldf cd]l/sfsf] lxnf]l:yt xjfO{ o'lgel;{6Lsf k|fWofks 8f= of]lztfsf dfOs d'Vo jQmf -sLgf]6 :kLs/_ sf ¿kdf ;xefuL x'g'eof] . ef/tl:yt dfvgnfn rt'j]{bL ljZjljBfno -Pd;Lo"_ sf k"j{pks'nklt k|fWofks aL=s]= s'l7ofnf / Pd;Lo"s} jt{dfg pks'nklt k|f=8f= s]=hL= ;'/]z jQmfsf ¿kdf ;xefuL x'g'eof] . rLgsf] o'lgel;{6L ckm On]S6«f]lgs ;fOG; P08 6]Sgf]nf]hLcGtu{t :s"n ckm kf]lnl6S; P08 klAns P8\ldlg:6«];gsf pkfWoIf k|f=8f= xfg xª / O08f]g]l;ofsf] afnLl:yt kf]ln6]lSgs g]u]/L -ljZjljBfno_ sf k|f= 8f= Obf afu'; k'6' ;'cDafn] ;~rf/ l;4fGtaf/] wf/0ff /fVg'eof] . sfo{qmddf ef/tl:yt hjfx/nfn g]x¿ ljZjljBfnosf] ;]G6/ km/ ldl8of :6l8hsL ljefuLo cWoIf 8f= z'rL ofbj nufotn] klg sfo{qmddf ;Daf]wg ug'{eof] . pb\3f6g ;qkl5 nuftf/ b'O{ Kn]g/L ;q ;DkGg eP, To;kl5 tLg ;efsIfdf ;dfgfGt/ tLgj6f sfo{qmdaLr #^ j6f sfo{kqx¿ k|:t't ul/P . cGTodf ;dfkg ;q, k| d f0fkq ljt/0f / kmf]6f];];g;lxt ;DkGg ePsf] ;ª\uf]i7L laxfg ( ah] ;'? eO{ ;fFem ;f9] ^ ah] ;DkGg eof] . l8–j] : 6gf{ O h] ; g, Pl;of;]lG6«l;6L P08 l/cf]l/oG6];g, gf6Øzf:q P08 jfSokbLo, laof]08 lb afpG8l/h, k|md PlG;oG6 ljH8d 6' l8lh6n 8fOgfldS;, k;'{o6 ckm ;x[botf / sDo'lgs];g k|ØflS;; u/L ^ ljwfdf

sfo{kq k|:t't ul/P . o;cl3 Kn]g/L ;];gdf 6' l8s]8\; ckm lb ;fwf/0fLs/0f df]8n ckm sDo'lgs];g P08 km\o'r/ k|:k]S6; tyf ;fwf/0fLs/0f df]8n ckm sDo'lgs];g P08 dlN6l8l;lKng/L 8fOgfldS; u/L b'O{ ljifodf j[xt\ ljdz{ ul/of] . sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ;qdf k|fWofks /fds[i0f /]UdLnfO{ clegGbg ;d]t ul/of] . s]o"sf pks'nklt k|f=8f= ef]nf yfkfn] cWoIftf ug'{ePsf] pb\3f6g ;qdf :s"n ckm cf6{;\sL l8g Ps'dfof k'gn] :jfut dGtJo /fVg'eof] . ;dfkg ;qsf] cWoIftf ub}{ s]o"sf /]S6/ k|f=8f= cRo'tk|;fb jfUn]n] dGtJo /fVg'eof] . 8f= rGb|efg' k§gfos, k|f= lqz' zdf{, 8f= efg'eQm cfrfo{, 8f= >4f k'/f]lxt, k|f= k|an/fh kf]v/]n / 8f= cflbTo z'Snfn] ;dfgfGt/ ;qsf] cWoIftf ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf 8f= x]d/fh sfkm\n], 8f= sflz/fh kf08]o, 8f= lbg]z sfkm\n], cfefif /fhf]kfWofo, r'gaxfb'/ u'?ª, odaxfb'/ b'/f, ;'bz{gk|;fb bfxfnn] ;dfgfGt/ ;qx?sf] ;xhLs/0f ug'{eof] . s]o"sf ;xk|fWofks Pjd\ efiff tyf cfd;~rf/ ljefusf k|d'v 8f= lgd{ndl0f clwsf/Låf/f ;g\ @))# df clelgld{t …;~rf/sf] ;fwf/0fLs/0f 9fFrfÚ n] b'O{ bzs k"/f u/]sf] cj;/df cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\uf]i7L cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . pSt ;~rf/ 9fFrf xfn ljZjsf cg]sf}F ljZjljBfnox¿n] kf7Øqmddf ;dfj]z u/L k7gkf7g e/fO/x]sf 5g\ . of] ;~rf/ 9fFrfaf/] :gftsf]Q/ tyf kLPr8L txsf zf]wfyL{x¿n] ;d]t cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf 5g\ . ufi]7Lsf] cfofh ] gf, ;~rfng / Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;xkf|Wofks 8f= ;w'fz + ' bfxfnsf] ;o+fh ] sTjdf dn " ;ldlt / To; dftxt !) j6f pk;ldltx¿ u7g ul/Psf lyP . sfoq{mddf :jbz ] –ljbz ] sf kf|Wofks, lzIfs, ;~rf/ cg;'Gwftf, kLPr8L zfw]fyL{ nufotsf k:|tft]fn] ;fwf/0fLs/0f–;~rf/ 9frFfsf ljljw kIf / cfofd tyf ;~rf/ l;4fGtsf cgs ] f+} kIfdf sl]Gbt| sfok{q k:|tt' u/s ] f xg'\ . cGt/fl{i6o« ;ªu\fi]7L efl}ts pkl:ylt / erc '{ n kl|jlw ldl>t …xfOla8| df8]Ú df ;DkGg ePsf] xf] .

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#

jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/

x/]s Joj;foLnfO{ ;'/lIft ePsf] cg'e"lt lbnfpg] 5f}+

åf/kfn]Zj/ ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/Ln] ljt/0f u¥of] z}lIfs ;fdfu|L

4sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3df tkfO{sf] ;d"xsf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 < lsg < sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] cfufdL h]7 !( ut] lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] lgoldt k|lqmof xf] . pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] ljwfg cg';f/ ;dod} x'g' kg{] lgjf{rg s]lx l9nf] ePs} xf] . of] jif{ klg Kofgnsf ;fy ;fyLx? lgjf{rgdf xf]ldPsf 5g\ . ;j{;Ddltsf] nflu k|of;/t klg x'g'x'G5 . csf{] s'/f /fHo nf]stflGqs Joj:yfdf uO{ ;s]sf] 5 . nf]stflGqs Joj:yfdf lgjf{rg x'g' :jefljs g} xf] . d]/f] ;d"xsf] tkm{af6 eGg'kbf{ h'g;'s} k|lqmofdf hfFbfv]/L :jR5 k|lt:kwf{df hfg'kb{5 eGg] d]/f] dfGotf xf] . t/ klg g]t[Tjsf nflu k|lt:kwf{df cfpg' :jefljs} xf] . ;d'xn] cfufdL b'O{ jif{ leq pBf]uL Aoj;foLsf ;d:of, ;dfwfgsf pkfosf] vf]hL u/L vfsf ;lxt ;dfwfgsf] Kofs]h agfpg] 5 . \ 4tkfO{sf] l6dsf] k|lt:kwf{ s] nflu < d]/f] l6dsf] k|lt:kwf{ eg]sf] d'Vo u/L cfd pBf]u Joj;foL ;b:ox?sf] xs lxt / Joj;fonfO{ s;/L dfly psf:g] eGg] g} xf] . clxn] ljZj g} cfly{s dlGbdf 5 . g]kfn klg cfly{s dGbLsf] rk]6fdf k/]sf] 5 . o;sf] c;/ sfe|] lhNnfdf klg k/]sf] 5 . t/ klg ;d:of leq klg ;dfwfg 5 eGg] dfGotf /fV5' . o:tf] hl6n ;d:ofdf klg cfd Joj;foLx?nfO{ s;/L ;'/lIft ug{] eGg] ljifodf xfdL;Fu s]lx of]hgfx? 5g\ . lhNnfdf /x]sf 7"nf pBdLx?nfO{ s;/L Joj;fo k|lt cfslif{t ug{] eGg] of]hgfx? xfdL;Fu /x]sf 5g\ . xfdL;Fu ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfdf cfa4 cg'ejLx?sf] l6d alg;s]sf] 5 . of] l6dsf] sf/0f klg ljifd kl/l:yltdf xfdL sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3nfO{ b]zs} gd"gf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 agfpg ;lsg]df k"0f{ ljZj:t 5f}+ . Tolx eP/ e]uLo lx;fa, hftLo lx;fa, ;a} lx;fan] ;dfj]zL tl/sfn] l6d lgdf{0f u/]/ pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/fPsf 5f}+ .

4o; cl3 b'O{ sfo{sfn jl/i7 pkfWoIf e};Sg'ePsf] 5, tkfO{sf] g]t[Tjdf dfq} oL sfd ;Dej x'g] xf] < s'g} klg ;+3 ;+:yfdf Pp6f g]t[Tjdf Odfgbf/Ltf, nugzLntf / lehgaf6 ;kmn x'g] / gx'g]df dfGotf /fV5' . @)÷@@ jif{ cufl8 b]lv g} d sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3df cfa4 5' . ;fwf/0f ;b:ob]lv lnP/ sfo{ ;ldlt ;b:o, ;lrj, dxf;lrj x'Fb} jl/i7 pkfWoIfdf /x]/ sfd u/]+ . of] kb;Dd d lglj{/f]w ?kdf cfPF . Tof] sf/0f eg]sf] d]/f] cu|hx?n] lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L, cg'zf;g, ;+3 k|ltsf] e"ldsf xf] . d]/f] g]t[Tjdf sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 xfFSg kfof} eg] ;a}eGbf klxnf] ;+3nfO{ l;:6ddf rnfpg] 5f}+ . lhNnfdf ePsf pBf]uL Joj;foLx?sf] j[xt e]nf u/fP/ cfudL b'O{ jif{ leq s] s:tf of]hgfx? nfu" ubf{ lhNnfsf pBdL Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;xof]u, ;'ljwf, xf};nf / ;'/Iff dx;'; x'G5 Tof] sfo{ tflnsf agfOg]5 .

To;nfO{ qmdzM k"/f ug{] d]/f] nIo /x]sf] 5 . s'g} klg ;+:yfsf] nflu 36Ldf klg k~rjifL{o of]hgf agfpg} k5{ . xfd|f] ;dx'sf] lehg s] 5 eg] gofF o'jf lkF9Lx?nfO{ pBf]u Joj;fo k|lt s;/L cfslif{t ug{] eGg] 5 . o;sf] nflu ljleGg uf]i7L, tflnd, ;]ldgf/x? dfkm{t sfg"gsf] ljifo, s/, Eof6sf] hfgsf/L u/fP/ cufl8 a9fpg] of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . sfe|] lhNnf Pp6f ;Defjgf af]s]sf] lhNnf xf] . b]zsf] /fhwfgLaf6 glhs} 5 . xfdLn] h'g;'s} ;fdfgx? pTkfbg ubf{ ahf/ @%÷#) lsnf] ld6/ leq} /x]sf] 5 . ahf/ vf]Hgsf] nflu 6f9f hfg'kb{}g . t;y{ xfdLn] 7"nf pBdLx? nufot ;fgf pBdLx?nfO{ klg ahf/sf] k|Tofe"lt lbg ;S5f}+ . xfdLn] :yfgLo:t/df pTkflbt j:t'x?sf] s;/L ahf/ Joj:yfkg ug{] < s;/L cfocfh{gsf] af6f]x? vf]Hg] nufotsf of]hgfx? xfdL;Fu /x]sf 5g\ . csf{] s'/f dlxnfx?nfO{ s;/L pBdL agfpg] tkm{ klg xfdLn] cg';Gwfg ul//fv]sf 5f}+ . Joj;fo ul/ /fv]sf dlxnfx?sf] nflu klg yk :t/ psf:gsf nflu tflnd, ;]ldgf/x?sf] of]hgf agfPsf] 5' . cfd Joj;foLx? klg cfkm\gf] dfq Joj;fo ;kmn agfpg] xf]Og ls To;af6 cfPsf] d'gfkmfaf6 csf{] Joj;fodf s;/L nufgL ug{] eGg] ljifodf xfdL l;sfpg rfxG5f}+ . o;/L ubf{ x/]s Joj;foLx? cfly{s cg'zf;gdf /x]sf] v08df eljiodf ;d:of cfpFb}g eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 .

To:t} xfd|f Joj;foLx?sf] 7"nf] ;d:of eg]sf] a}lsË sf/f]af/sf] /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] nflu klg a}+s;Fu s;/L ;xhLs/0f ug{] eGg] af/] 5'§} of]hgf /x]sf 5g\ . /fHon] lbPsf] gLlt lgod pBf]uL Joj;foLx?n] s;/L kfngf ug{] eGg] af/]df 5'§} ;]ldgf/x? /fVg]5f}+ . hgr]tgf hufpg]5f}+ . oL / o:tf y'k|} of]hgfx? xfdL;Fu 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ cfd Joj;foLx?sf] nufgL ;'/lIft x'g]df 9'Ss x'g]5g\ .

4tkfO{n] Nofpg' ePsf of]hgfn] pBdL Joj;foLx? knfog x'g /f]Snf < kl5Nnf] ;do cfd hgdfg;df s] 5fk k/]sf] 5 eg] b]zdf s'g} klg cj;/ 5}g cj;/sf] nflu ljb]zlt/ hfg} k5{ . x'g t d klg ljb]z uPsf] xf] . 7"nf] cj;/ gkfPsf] klg xf]Og . t/ klg d cfkm\g} 7fpFdf Joj;fo ug{'k5{ eg]/ kms{]/ cfPF . cfd pBdLx? ljb]z knfog x'g glbg pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] klg kxn ub{5 . t/ klg o;sf] nflu 7"nf] kxn /fHon] ug{' kg{] xf] . gjk|j]zL pBdLx?nfO{ s;/L Joj;fok|lt cfslif{s ug{] eGg] xfd|f] sfd xf] . nfvf}+ vr{ vr{]/ ljb]lzg' eGbf Tolx /sd :jb]zd} nufgL u/]/ s]xL Joj;fo u/]/ ;kmntf xfl;n ug{ klg ;lsG5 . sltko s'/fx?df /fHon] Joj:yf ug{'kg{] klg b]lvG5 . clxn] xfdL s'g s'/fdf klg v'zL 5f}+ eg] xfd|f] dft[ ;+u7g g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf] pkfWoIfdf xfd|f cu|h hf] k"j{ cWoIf x'g'x'GYof] . pxfF dfkm{t xfd|f] ;d:of tyf of]hgfx?sf] af/]df 5nkmn ug{ ;lhnf] ePsf]] 5 . pxfFx?n] xfd|f of]hgf tyf ;d:ofx?nfO{ /fHo ;dIf n}hfg kxn ug{'x'g]5 . o;/L x]g{] qmddf cfufdL @ jif{df xfdLn] w]/} sfdx? ug{ ;Sg]5f}+ . xfdLn] s[lif If]qnfO{ klg plQs} dxTjdf /fv]sf 5f}+ . ljb]z knfog x'g af6 /f]Sg gj pBdLx?nfO{ s[lif Joj;foaf6 klg plrt cfDbfgL lng ;lsof];\ eg]/ of]hgfx? agfPsf 5f}+ .

4sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] bfloTj / lhDd]jf/L ;du| sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf xf] ls s'g} Ps :yfgLo tx < kflnsf:t/df pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 cfpg' eg]sf] /fd|f] xf] . lsgsL xfdL ljs]lGb|s/0fdf ljZjf; /fV5f}+ . o;df ;dGjosf] 7"nf] e"ldsf x'g] ub{5 . sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 eg]sf] !# j6} kflnsfsf] g]t[Tj ug{] ;+3 xf] . xfdLnfO{ klg lgodg ug{] k|b]z /x]sf] 5 . k|b]zsf] klg dxf;+3n] lgodg ub{5 . h'g h'g kflnsf leq ;+3 5 pxfFx?nfO{ klg xfdL tkfO{sf] kflnsf leq s] s] ;Defjgfx? 5g\ t Joj;fox?sf nflu < ljleGg If]qdf ;Defjgf tyf cj;/x? ePsf] v08df ;f] s'/f a'em\5f}+ / To;sf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpF5f}+ . h;af6 :yfgLo :t/df klg pBf]uL Joj;foLx? pBd ug{ pT;flx x'g k'U5g\ .

4gof“ ;b:o yk tyf gljs/0fsf] ;Gbe{df tkfO{sf] of]hgf / sfo{qmd kof{Kt 5g\ t < s'g} klg ;+3;+:yfsf] ;+/rgf eg]sf] ToxfF /x]sf ;fwf/0f ;b:onfO{ ;+/If0fsf] cg'e"lt eof] eg] ;+:yf k|lt cfd Joj;foL jf hgdfg;sf] ljZjf; /xG5 . slxn]sflxF vnan x'g] eg]sf] rflxF g]t[Tjdf e/ kg{] s'/f xf] . Pp6f Joj;foLnfO{ ;fy pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] lbg} k5{ . ahf/df ljleGg lsl;dsf] ;d:ofx? cfO/x]sf x'G5g\ . g]t[Tjn] cfd Joj;fonfO{ ;+/If0f ug{'kg{] x'G5 . d}n] g]t[Tj kfPsf] v08df k|To]s Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;'/lIft cg'e"lt lbnfpg] 5' .

gfnf÷åf/kfn]Zj/ ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8n] ;xsf/Ldf cfa4 sf]lknf z}lIfs afnartst{fx?nfO{ z}lIfs ;fdu|L ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . ;+:yfsf cWoIf /d]zhu+ d+u|ftLn] ;xsf/Ln] k|To]s jif{ afn ;b:ox?nfO{ z}lIfs ;fdfu|Lx? ljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] atfP . ;+:yfn] of] jif{ klg pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] d+u|ftLn] atfP . ;+:yfn] afn ;b:ox? ;u} ;b:ox/nfO{ s[lif ;fdfu|L ;d]t ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . 6«ofS6/, rfks6, :k|] kDk nufPt ljleGg s[lif cf}hf/

;fdu|L ljt/0f u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;+:yfn] ;b:ox?sf nfuL s[lif Aoa;foLx?nfO{ ;xh ?kdf C0f ;'ljwf, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff /fxtsf] Aoa:yf, ;'Ts]/L eQf, s[ifs pkrf/ vr{, g;{]g] lb3{ /f]usf nfuL, z}lIfs ;fdfu|L ljt/0f, ! nfv ;Ddsf] b'3{6gdf ljdf, dn, aLp, ljhg, kz'kG5L / s[lif pks/0fx/df cg'bfg ;x'lnot d'Nodf ljt/0f, s[lif ;DaGwL tflnd nufPtsf ljleGg ;]jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ub{] cfPsf] ;+:yfsf cWoIf /d]zhu+ du|ftLn] hgfsf/L lbP . ;+:yfsf] @)*! a}zfv ;Ddsf] s'n sf/f]af/ $ s/f]8 eGbf dfly /x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .

vfgLvf]nfsf] em08f adaxfb'/n] k'¥ofP ;u/dfyfdf

k|tfk j}B, al/i7 pkfWoIf sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3, sfe|] 4tkfO{ ljut b]lv g} g]t[Tjdf /xg'ePsf] 5, o; cl3 o:tf sfo{qmd nfu' gx'g] ca x'G5 eGg] ljZjf; 5 / < ljutnfO{ kms{]/ eGg'kbf{ xfdL ;Lldt JolQmx? ldn]/ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 rnfPsf lyof}+ . sfof{no klg ef8fdf lyof] . xfn ;+3sf] cfˆg} ejg ag]sf] 5 . To:t} sfof{no ;+rfngsf] nflu cfjZos kg{] /sdsf] ;|f]tx? vf]lh/x]sf 5f}+ . d}n] eg]h:tf] s'/fx? of]hgfx? nfu" ug{ d;Fu Tof] clwsf/ 5}g . clxn] d;Fu Tof] l6d v8f ePsf] 5 . ha xfdL lg0f{o ug{] txdf k'U5f}+ Tof] a]nf xfdL kSs} klg xfd|f of]hgfx? k"/f u/L 5f8\5f}+ . sltko lg0f{ox? nfu" ug{ klg ufx|f] x'g ;S5 . t/ d}n] ug{] lg0f{ox?df s'g} klg 7"nf s'/fx? 5}g . nufgL klg 7"nf] 5}g . sfe|]sf] 7"nf] Jofkf/Ls zx/ eg]sf] ag]kf xf] . clxn] /fhdfu{ lj:tf/sf] qmddf h]hlt ;d:ofx? cfO/x]sf 5g\ . d]/f] a'emfO{ s] xf] eg] xfdL pBf]u Joj;fo ;+3 pBf]uLx?sf] cleefjs ePsf] x'gfn] pBfuLx?sf] ;d:of :yfgLo tx;Fu xf/u'xf/ u/]/ a}slNks ahf/sf] Joj:yfkg ug{]' kg{] xf] ls eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . clxn]sf] 68\sf/f] ;d:of eg]sf] /fhdfu{df /x]sf Joj;foLx?nfO{ s;/L Joj:yfkg ug{] eGg] ljifo g} xf] . of] Joj:yfkg ePsf] v08df pBf]uLx? xfdL k|lt v'zL x'g]5g\ . t/ o;df xfdL pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] s]lx ug{ ;s]g eg] kbsf] nflu dfq 7fpF cf]u6]/ a:g'sf] s]lx cf}lrTo b]lvFb}g . xfd|f] st{Jo eg]sf] Joj;foLx?sf] xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f ug{' klg xf] .

4tkfO{sf] ;d'x lgjf{lrt ePsf] cj:yfdf lo k|lta4tfx? k"/f x'g ;Snfg\ < clxn] Joj;foLx?sf] r]tgfdf w]/} ljsf; ePsf] 5 . r'gfjL e]63f6df klg w]/} s'/fx? bf]xf]l/P/ cfPsf] 5 . xfd|f] l6dn] w]/} s'/fx? k|lt rf;f] b]vfPsf] 5 . clxn] w]/} Joj;foLx? cfkm\gf] dt v]/ gkmfNg] dgl:yltdf 5g\ . pxfFx?n] ;lx g]t[Tj 5fg]sf] v08df ;d:ofx? cfpnfg\ h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g .

4;j{;Ddtsf] ;Defjgf s] slt 5 < d s] s'/fdf dfGotf /fV5' eg] c;Dej eGg] s]lx 5}g . ;a} ;fyLx? cf–cfˆgf] l6d ;lxt r'gfjL k|lqmofdf xf]ldg' ePsf] 5 . xfd|f cu|hx?n] cem} klg ;j{;Ddtsf] k|of; hf/L /fVg' ePsf] 5 . of] :jefljs k|lqmof klg xf] . t/ klg Joj;foLx?sf] dgl:ylt ;lx g]t[TjnfO{ g} r'Gg] /x]sf] 5 .

4tkfO{sf] xsdf ;j{;Ddt xf] ls tkfO{ afx]s < ;j{;Ddt lbg] eGg] s'/f ;j{dfGo lg0f{o x'g;S5 . cu|hx?n] ug{] lg0f{osf] s'/fdf xfdL leq Ifdtf vf]Hg' k¥of], cg'zf;g vf]Hg'k¥of] < ljutdf u/]sf sfo{x? x]g{'k¥of], xfd|f] l6d leq klg of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ x]g'k¥of] . xfdL leq hf] r'gfjdf xf]ldPsf 5g\ Tof] cfwf/ k|i6} 5 . s]lx cu|hx?nfO{ o;sf] g]t[Tj ;lx 5 eGg]x? klg 5g\ . t/ cfkm" x'Fbf l7s c? x'Fbf a]l7s eGg] dg;fo r} x'g' ePg . d jl/i7 pkfWoIf kbdf /x]/ klg ljleGg sfdx? ub{} cfO/x]sf] 5' . d]/f] dfGotf ljZjf; 7'nf] s'/f xf] . ljutsf k|ltj4tf ;a}n] k'/f ug{' k5{ h:tf] nfU5 .

4tkfO{ ljhoL x'g'eof] t/ l6d ljhoL ePg eg] sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] ultljlwdf sdL cfpF5 ls cfpFb}g < kbLo bfloTj eg]sf] cfn6fndf rnfpg] xf]Og . d]/f] g]t[Tj lgjf{lrt ePsf] cj:yfdf ;j{k|yd @ jif{] sfo{of]hgf tof/ u5{' . o;nfO{ qmdzM nfu" ug{] 5' . dnfO{ s] ljZjf; 5 eg] /fd|f] sfdsf] nflu cj/f]w v8f ug{'x'Gg . d cfd Joj;foLx?nfO{ s] eGg rfxG5' eg] Joj;fodf ;d:of kbf{ ;dfwfg ug{] ;+:yf 5 x} eGg] cg'e"lt lbnfpF5' . clxn] gofF Joj;foLx? cfpg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ ePsf gljs/0f x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . Joj;foLx? lg/fz eP/ a:g'k/]sf] 5 . o;sf] sf/0f eg]sf] ;+3n] ug{' kg{] bfloTj / sdL sdhf]/L g} xf] . cfufdL lbgx?df To;f] x'Fb}g klg . cfd Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;+/If0f lbg'kb{5 . rfx] h;sf] g]t[Tj xf];\ .

4tkfO{nfO{ ljho x'g] ljZjf; slt 5 < dtbftf e]63f6df kfPsf] xf};nfn] d v'zL 5' . pxfFx?n] ug{' ePsf] dfof dnfO{ nfU5 @%÷#) jif{sf] d]/f] nufgL xf] . d Psbd} efUodfgL g} 5' h:tf] nfU5 . r'gfj xf] . h] klg x'g;S5 . clxn] d hxfF hxfF uO/x]sf] 5' ;sf/fTds k|ltlqmof kfPsf] 5' . d}n] ljutdf u/]sf] sfdx?sf] d"Nof+sg pxfFx?n] ug{'ePsf] 5 . csf{] s'/f d]/f] l6d leq ;a} s'/fsf] ;dfj]zL 5 . ;a} cf–cfˆgf] If]qdf cg'ejLx? x'g'x'G5 . o;sf/0f klg cfufdL x'g] lgjf{rgdf dnfO{ s'g} ;d:of x'G5 h:tf] nfUb}g . – k|:t'tL nf]saxfb'/ yfkf

>L afnk|sfz dfWolds ljBfno kgf}tL–!@, /f]zL, sfe|]knf~rf]s

lzIfs cfjZostf

k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!÷)@÷!& o; ljBfnodf l/Qm x'g cfPsf] tklzn adf]lhdsf] lzIfs kbk"lt{sf nflu OR5's g]kfnL of]Uo pDd]bjf/x? l/tk"j{ssf] b/vf:t cfXjfg ul/G5 .

tkl;nM ljifo M ul0ft kb ;+Vof M ! hgf tx / >]0fLM lg=df=lj=t[tLo - s/f/_ of]Uotf M ;DalGwt ljifodf I.Ed. jf ;f] ;/x pQL0f{ u/]sf] . pd]/ M !* jif{ k'/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] cfjZos sfuhftx?

– z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fk|qsf] k|ltlnlk – :yfoL cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnlk – gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk – lg/f]lutfsf] ;Ssn k|df0fkq – xfn;fn} lvr]sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] b/vf:t b:t'/ M ? !)))÷– -cIf?kL Ps xhf/ dfq_ k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, df}lvs tna ;'ljwfM g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|rlnt lgodfg';f/ b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)*!÷)@÷!& b]lv @)*!÷)@÷@# ;Dd s/f/ ;'lrsf nflu v'Nnfsf nflu @)*!÷)@÷@$ b]lv @)*!÷)@÷#) ;Dd . ;Dks{ ldlt M @)*!÷)@÷#! ut] yk hfgsf/Lsf nfluM ;Dks{ g+ (*$!%()!!!, (*$!!#&#^@ E-mail:-secobalprakash253@gmail.com ;b:o ;lrj ljsf; yfkf lzIfs 5gf}6 ;ldlt

sf7df8f}F÷sfe|]sf] vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsfdf n]vfkfnsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf adaxfb'/ ljsn] ljZjsf] ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyfdf vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsfsf] Aofg/ kmx/fPsf 5g\ . pgsf] :yfoL 3/ ?sd' klZrd xf] . pgn] @)*! h7] ^ ut] cyf{t -!_ d] @)@$_ laxfg % ah/] %& ldg6]df ;u/dfyfdf kfOnf 6s ] s ] f xg'\ . sfes ]| f] vfgLvfn ] f ufpkFflnsfdf n]vfkfnsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf pgn] ;u/dfyfdf vfgLvfn ] f ufpkFflnsf / ;fgf] e/]L ufpkFflnsf ?sd' klZrdsf] nfu]f] clÍt Aofg/ kmx/fP . of] ;uF} pgn] …ofqLsf] ofqfÚ gfdsf] Aofg/ klg ;u/dfyfdf kmx/fPsf 5g\ . ljsn] o;cl3sf / of] ofqfnfO{ …ofqLsf] ofqfÚ gfd lbPsf lyP . pgn] o;cl3 blIf0f cdl]/sfsf] ;jfR]{r lzv/ PsfGsfuj'f / clkm|sfsf] cUnf] rr ' /'f] lslndf~hf/f] lxdfnsf] ;dt] ;kmn cf/fx]0f ul/;ss ] f 5g\ . ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fkl5 pgn] eg]sf 5g, …Psk6s km]l/ ljZjsf] ;jf{]Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug{] r'gf}tLk"0f{, hf]lvd, ;fxl;s ;Fu;Fu} uf}/jdo Oltxf;sf ;fy clj:d/0fLo ofqf agfpg sl7g k"0f{ 7"nf] lg0f{o lnPsf]df o;n] ;fy{stf kfPsf]df d cfkm} bË ePsf] 5' .Ú ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf ;xof]u ug{] / xf};nf k|bfg ug{]x¿k|lt pgn] wGojfb lbPsf 5g\ . pgn] ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fsf nflu ;xof]u / xf};nf k|bfg ug{] cfkm" sfo{/t ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf O{G› axfb'/ lyª l5Gtfª_, pkfWoIf

bf]h{]dfg lhDaf, k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t ;lxtsf sd{rf/Lx¿, j8f cWoIfx¿ nufot hgk|ltlglw / ;xsdL{x¿ k|lt klg cfef/ k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ . ;+ljwfgn] g} hftLo ¿kdf 5'jf5't h3Go ck/fw :jLsf/ u/]sf] kl/k]Iodf ;a} wd{, hfthflt, ju{, lnË tyf ;d'bfo ;a} ;dfg x'g eGg] d"n ;Gb]z;lxt ;fxl;s sfd dfkm{t /rgfTds /fi6«JofkL ;Gb]z lbg ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f u/]sf] pgn] atfP . …xfdL klg ;S5f}+Ú eGg] d"n p2]Zo;lxt ;fdflhs, cfly{s, /fhg}lts tyf wfld{s ¿kdf k5fl8 k/]sf] jf kfl/Psf] ;d'bfosf] Ps kfqsf] ¿kdf k|ltlglwTj ub{} ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f u/]sf] pgsf] egfO 5 .

w'lnv]ndf aSt[Tjsnf / lrqsnf k|ltof]lutf

w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] lszf]/L nlIft k|ltef klxrfg sfo{qmd cGtu{t gu/ If]q leqsf !* j6f ljBfnosf sIff (–!@ cWoog ug{] 5fqfx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fO{ n}lËs lx+;f Go'gLs/0fdf ljBfyL{sf] e"ldsf ljifos aSt[Tjsnf k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 eg] sIff ^–* sf 5fqfx? ;xefuL u/fO{ @^ j6f ljBfnoaf6 n} l Ës lx+ ; fsf] Go"gLs/0fsf] cfwf/ dlxnf lzIff, >d / cj;/df ;dfg clwsf/ lzif{sdf lrqsnf k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . k|ltof]lutfsf] pb\3f6g gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr u/]sf lyP . ;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldltsf ;+of]hs u0f]z cfrfo{sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ;xeflu ljBfyL{x?n] k|lt:kwf{ u/L aSt[Tjsnf tkm{ ;l~hjgL dfjLsL /]ljsf af]u6L k|yd eO{g\ . To:t} xg'dfg dfjLsL /hgL b'nfn bf]>f], ;/:jtL

dfljsL d'gf s'Fj/ t]>f] / ;]tLb]jL dflj tyf w'lnv]n xfO{:s'nsL ;[li6 dfgGw/ ;fGTjgf eP . k|yd x'g]nfO{ gub % xhf/, bf]>f]nfO{ $ xhf/, t]>f]nfO{ # xhf/ / ;fGTjgf k'/:sf/ Ps÷Ps xhf/ pknAw u/fO{Psf] lyof] .

To:t} lrqsnftkm{ w'lnv]n xfO{:s'nsL :dfl/sf nfdf k|yd eO{g\ . pgn] gub # xhf/ k|fKt ul/g\ . ODdfg'Pn :s'nsL l/hgf tfdfª bf]>f] eO{g\ . pgn] gub @ xhf/ k|fKt ul/g\ . ;~hLjgL dfljsL cl:dtf >]i7 t]>f] eO{g\ . pgn] ! xhf/ % ;o gub k|fKt ul/g\ . aIfnfb]jL cfwf/e't ljBfnosL sf]lknf uf}td / k~rsGof cfwf/e't ljBfnosL c~hnL wfdL ;fGTjgf eP . plgx?n] gub Ps÷Ps xhf/ k|fKt u/] . ljhoLx?nfO{ k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t ;'/]Gb| yfkf du/, clws[tx? ef]hs'df/ 7s'/L, k'hf sfˆn], ;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldlt ;+of]hs u0f]z cfrfo{ nufotn] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmd ;+uLtf e08f/Ln] ;+rfng u/]sL lyO{g\ .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @))(

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.@.*

:j= p4j lji6 xfd|f ;DwL ag]kf !) hgfufn lgjf;L dx]Gb| lji6sf cfb/0fLo bfh' Pj+ oftfoft Joj;foL Pj+ ;dfh;]jL p4j lji6sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] !) cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgx?k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

cfTdf/fd yfkf k|f]kfO6/ tyf

>L pu|r08L cfon :6f]/ kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

$

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!# sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs sf]lzb]vf uflj; j8f g+= & xfn kfr F vfn g=kf= j8f g+= !# a:g] uf]kL s[i0f yklnofn] d]/f] gfdsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] d]/} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afs F L /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

tkl;n

uflj; sf]lzb]vf

j8f g+= ls=g+= *

!@)@

If]qkmn )–!$–@– !@

lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd s}lkmot uf]kL s[i0f yklnof

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!# sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs sf]lzb]vf uflj; j8f g+= & xfn kfr F vfn g=kf= j8f g+= !# a:g] afns[i0f yklnofn] d]/f gfdsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] d]/} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afs F L /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ u/L kfpF elg lbg'ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghsf gfddf Psnf}6L btf{ ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . uflj; sf]lzb]vf

j8f g+= ls=g+= *

!@)$ !@)&

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd s}lkmot )–!@–#–) !–!–#–)

afns[i0f yklnof

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!# sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs sf]lzb]vf uflj; j8f g+= & xfn kfr F vfn g=kf= j8f g+= !# a:g] afn s[i0f yklnof, /fwfb]jL yklnof / uf]kLs[i0f yklnof ;d]t hgf # n] xfd|f lktf tyf ;;'/f lzj k|;fb yklnofsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] afns[i0f yklnofsf] gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afs F L /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lzjk|;fb yklnofsf] ldlt @)##.!.!^ df lghsf] >LdtL lji0f' nIdL yklnofsf] ldlt @)^*.$.!@ df cf–cfˆgf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] lghx?sf] # efO{ 5f]/f @ 5f]/Lsf] hfohGd ePsf] 5f]/Lx? ljjfx bfg eO{ uPsf] # 5f]/fx?df qmdzM h]7f] dfwj k|;fb yklnof, dfOnf] uf]kLs[i0f yklnof / sfG5f] afns[i0f yklnof ePsf]df h]7f] 5f]/f dfwj k|;fb yklnofsf] ldlt @)&*.(.% df cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] lghsf] @ >LdtLdf h]7L ;fljqL yklnof nufot kl/jf/n] @)&).#.% df sfg'g cg';f/ cfkm\gf] ;DklQ a'lem lnO{ uPsf] d[ts dfwj k|;fb yklnofsf] tkm{af6 xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df sfG5L >LdtL /fwfb]jL yklnof ePsf] xb'Ff xfdL lgj]bsx?sf gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg dfu lgj]bg eP adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd gf=;f=÷btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; sf]lzb]vf

j8f g+= ls=g+= (

%*$

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd )–*–)–)

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!# sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs sf]lzb]vf uflj; j8f g+= & xfn kfr F vfn g=kf= j8f g+= !# a:g] /fwfb]jL yklnofn] d]/f klt dfwj k|;fb yklnofsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] lghs} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afs F L /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= dfwjk|;fb yklnofsf] ldlt @)&*.(.% df d[To' ePsf] / lghsf] @ >LdtL ePsf]df h]7L >LdtL ;fljqL yklnof nufotsf] kl/jf/n] ldlt @)&).#.% df sfg'g adf]lhd cfkm\gf] ;DklQ lnO{ uPsf] lghsf] xs vfg] glhssf] xsbf/df sfG5L >ldtL /fwf b]jL yklnof d lgj]bs ePsf] xb'Ff d d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg dfu lgj]bg eP adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd gf=;f=÷btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; s}lkmot

sf]lzb]vf

j8f g+= ls=g+= *

&)% !@)# !@)%

afns[i0f yklnof

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf @ g+= j8f sfof{nosf]

& lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= @ l:yt gflu8fF8f Eo' 6fj/df ko{6g k|a4{gsf nflu l/;f]6{ ;d]t ;+rfng ug{'kg{] ePsf]n] kgf}tL gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] j}7saf6 dfl;s #),))).– -cIf]?kL tL; xhf/_ eGbf g36\g] ul/ 7]Ssf nufpg] eGg] lg0f{o ePsf] x'Fbf cfhsf ldltn] !% lbgleq O{R5's btf{jfn Joj;foLx?n] cfjZos sfuhft ;lxt kgf}tL g=kf= j8f g+= @ sf] sfof{no s'zfb]jLdf ;Dks{ ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

$)

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd s}lkmot ^–(–)– $! )–#–!– #$ )–!)–#– !@

dfwjk|;fb yklnof

;okqL v]tL ;DaGwL tflnd

w' l nv] n ÷s[ l if ljsf; sfof{no sfe|]n] l;Gw'kfNrf]s / sfe|]df ;okqL km' n v] l t k| l jwL tyf pTkfbgf]k/fGt Aoj:yfkgsf nflu b'O{ lbg] tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . Aoj;foLs v]ltsf nflu cg'bfg k|flKtsf nflu 5gf}6 ePsf s[ifsx?sf nflu cg'bfg pknAw u/fpg ;Demf}tf ug{' cl3 pQm tflnd pknAw u/fO{Psf] sfof{no k|d'v s'nk|;fb bjf8Ln] hfgsf/L lbP .

Aoj;foLs v]lt, lgoldt v]tLsf nflu cfjZos kg{] k"jf{wf/ ;lxtsf] Aoj:yfkg, km'nnfO{ nfdf] ;do l6sfpg] tyf ls6f0f' gi6 ug{] k|ljwL tyf 1fg, dfnf pGg] / Aoj;foLstfsf nflu ljljw kIfx?sf ;DjGwdf tflnd pknAw u/fO{g] sfof{no k|d'v bjf8Ln] atfP . sfo{qmddf ;xeflu s[ifsx?n] Aoj;foLs km'n v]ltsf nflu cfjZos kg{] tflnd / To;sf nflu k|fKt x'g] k|ljwLn] ;xh x'g] atfP . sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, sfof{nosf s[lif k|;f/ clws[t

ljj]sfgGb dxt, cd[tf kf}8]n nufotn] Aoj;foLs v]tLsf nflu tflnd cfjZos /x]sf] atfPsf lyP . tflnddf k'ik ljsf; s]Gb| uf]bfj/Lsf afujfgL clws[t ;'dGt kf]v/]n / k'ik/fh cfrfo{n] k|lzIf0f lbPsf lyP . w'lnv]n # df l;nfO{ s6fO{ w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf cGt{ut /x]sf] dlxnf kl/ifb\sf] ;xof]u tyf j8f gDj/ # sf] cfof]hgfdf j8f gDj/ # sf a]/f]huf/ !% hgf dlxnfx?nfO{ l;nfO{ s6fO{ ;DjGwL $% lbg] cfwf/e't tflnd z'ef/De ul/Psf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] tflndsf] z'ef/De ub{} dlxnf kl/ifb tyf cGo kl/ifb\ x ?af6 x/] s a] / f] h uf/ gful/sx?nfO{ l;k pknAw u/fO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg] k|oTg ul/Psf] atfP . sfo{qmddf j8f cWoIf u0f] z cfrfo{ n ] j8fsf gful/sx?nfO{ l;k l;sfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg l;nfO{ s6fO{ tflnd k|f/De ul/Psf] atfP . l;k l;s]sfx?nfO{ Aoj;foLs hLjgdf ;lqmo /xg cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . $% lbg] tflndsf nflu k|lzIfs nhgf tvfFIf] >]i7n] k|lzIf0f lbg] l5g\ .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!# sfe|] lhNnf ;fljs d]lyGsf]6 uflj; j8f g+= % xfn gdf]a'4 g=kf= j8f g+= # a:g] o1 s'df/L x'dfufO{ ;d]t # n] xfd|f klt tyf a'af a]bnfn x'dfufO{sf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] lghs} gfddf lkmN8a's sfod eO{ btf{ afs F L /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= j]bgfy x'dfufO{sf] ldlt @)$#.%.!) df k/nf]s ePsf] / lghsf @ >LdtL h]7L leds'df/L x'dfufO{ / sfG5L o1 s'df/L x'dfufO{df h]7L >LdtL leds'df/L x'dfufO{sf] ldlt @)@).%.!* df d[To' ePsf] xb'Ff lgh leds'df/L x'dfufO{af6 hfohGd ePsf @ efO{ 5f]/fx? / Ps 5f]/L ePsf]df 5f]/Lsf] ljjfx e} ;s]sf] / @ 5f]/fx?df k|]dk|;fb x'dfufO{ / uf]s0f{ x'dfufO{ /x]sf] xb'Ff xfdL lgj]bsx? o1s'df/L x'dfufO{, k|]dk|;fb x'dfufO{ / uf]s0f{ x'dfufO{ ;d]t hgf # n] xfd|f gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg dfu lgj]bg eP adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{ ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd gf=;f=÷btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; d]lyGsf]6

j8f g+= ls=g+= $

%@# %@$

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd @–^–@–# @–$–#–!

j]b k|;fb x'dfufO{

s}lkmot

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

5qaxfb/' :dl[t k/':sf/af6 ;dfh;j]L xl/eQm ;Ddflgt ag] k f÷ag] k fsf ;dfh;] j L xl/eQm ef]l5ef]ofnfO{ :j= 5qaxfb'/ d':ofh' :d[lt k'/:sf/ @)*! af6 ;Ddflgt ul/Psf] 5 . :j= 5q axfb'/ d':ofh'sf] *& cf}+ hGdlbgsf] cj;/df ef]l5ef]ofnfO{ gub ? @% xhf/ gub ;lxt ;Ddfg ul/Psf] k| l ti7fgsf cWoIf lgd{ n d':ofh'n] atfpg' eof] . ;Ddfg sfo{ q mddf ag] k f gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ * sf j8f cWoIf lx6n/ zfSosf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] lyof] . k|d'v cltyL zfSon] ef]l5ef]ofn] ag]kfdf /x]sf ljleGg ;3+ ;+:yfdf /lx ;fdflhs sfo{ ub}{ cfpg' ePsf]df :j= 5qaxfb'/ :d[ltaf6 ;Ddfg ul/Psf]df wGoafb k|bfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . pQm k| l ti7fgn] ;dfhdf /x] s f o:tf AolQmx?sf] ;Ddfg u/L yk xf};nf a9fpg' kg{] / :j= 5qaxfb'/ d':ofh'sf] cfTdfn] zflGt kfpg] zfSon] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ % sf j8f cwoIf an/fd clwsf/Ln] ;dfh;]jLnfO{ :yflgo ;/sf/,

ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfn] ;Ddfg u/]dfq sfd ug{ xf};nf ldNn] atfpg' eof] . xfdLn] klg xl/eQm ef]l5ef]of h:tf AolQmx?af6 w]/} s'/f l;Sg'kg{] clwsf/Ln] atfpg' eof] . ;dfh;]jL ef]l5ef]of ag]kfdf /x]sf ljleGg ;+3–;+:yfdf /lx ;dfh;]jf ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] / ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] ag]kf tf/f kbsaf6 ;d]t ;Ddflgt AolQmTjn] ljleGg If]qdf k'¥ofpg' ePsf] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfgsf] sb/ ub}{ pQm ;Ddfg ul/Psf] k|lti7fgsf cWoIf lgd{n d':ofh'n] atfpg'

eof] .

sfo{qmddf pQm, ;Ddfg–kq ;fhg d':ofh'n] afrg ug{' ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmd ;~rfng l;d{n d':ofh'n] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf an/fd d':ofh', zDe' d':ofh', rdgs[i0f sfo:y, ls/0f sfo:y, lg/0f >]i7, laho l;+ d':ofh' nufPtsf ;b:ox?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :j= 5q axfb'/ d':ofh' k|lti7fgsf] af/]df ;+lugf d':ofh'n] hgfsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfn ;/sf/ s[lif tyf kz'kG5L ljsf; dGqfno

vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f ljefu

vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f sfof{no

vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f l8lehg sfof{no w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s

kmf]g g+= )!!–$()@@), Email: ftqcdodhulikhelkavre@gmail.com

vfB kbfy{sf] l;wf ;Dks{ -Direct Contact_ df cfpg] sfuhsf] k|of]u ;DaGwdf ldlt @)*).!).@% sf] g]kfn /fhkq efu %, v08 &#, ;+Vof %# df k|sflzt ;"rgfsf] k|s/0f !&=! adf]lhd s'g} klg vfB pTkfbs, Joj;foL jf ljqm]tfn] vfB kbfy{sf] l;wf ;Dks{ -Direct Contact_ df cfpg] u/L d;Ln] n]lvPsf], 5flkPsf] jf /ËfOPsf] sfuhnfO{ k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g egL dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ePsf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt ;a}df hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . ;f] ;DaGwdf o; sfof{non] ljleGg ;dodf u/]sf] cg'udg lgl/If0fsf] qmddf ljz]if u/L a]s/L, ld7fO{, r6k6], xf]6n÷/]i6'/]G6 nufotsf Joj;foLx?n] vfB kbfy{ k:sg jf Kofs ug{ d;Ln] n]lvPsf], 5flkPsf] jf /ËfOPsf] sfuhnfO{ k|of]udf NofPsf] kfO{Psf] x'Fbf ;f] sf] ljsNkdf cGo vfB u|]8 -Food grade_ sf ;fdu|Lx?sf] k|of]u ug{ / u/fpg x'g ;a}df ;"lrt ul/G5 . o; ;"rgfsf] alv{nfk u/]sf] kfOPdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/jfxL x'g] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @))#.^.!#

jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/

ag]kfdf % lbg] a[xt of]u lzla/ ag]kf÷kt+hln of]u ;ldtL sfe|], dlxnf kt+hln of]u ;ldtL sfe|] / kt+hln of]u o'jf g]kfn sfe|]sf] cfof]hgfdf h]i7 !# ut] b]lv !& ut] ;Dd] j[xt lgMz'Ns of]u lj1fg lzlj/ ;~rfng e}O{/x]sf] 5 . lzla/sf] pb\ 3 f6g ag] k f gu/kflnsf k|d'v zflGt /Tg zfSon] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . k|d'v cltyL zfSon] of]u k|To]s dflg;nfO{ clgjfo{ ePsf] atfpg' eof] . lzlj/df s]lGb|o dlxnf k|ef/L k'Hof ;fWjL b]jflbltaf6 ;xefuL of]u ;fws ;flwsfx?nfO{ of]u bz{g af/] k|jrg / of]u cEof; ul/Psf] lyof] . lzla/df kt+hln

of]u ;ldtL s]lGb|o ;b:o lx/f clwsf/L, ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ % sf an/fd clwsf/L, j8f gDa/ & sf j8f cWoIf lx6n/ zfSo, j8f gDa/ * sf j8f cWoIf z'enIdL dfgGw/, j8f gDa/ ( sf sf= jf= j8fWoIf dlgiff tfdfª, j8f gDa/ !) sf j8f cWoIf rGb| axfb'/ v8\sf, afudtL k|b]z kbflwsf/Lx? nufot lhNnf e/Lsf of]u ;fwgf s]Gb|sf of]u ;flwsfx? pkl;xeflutf /x]sf] . lzla/sf] ;efkltTj kt+hln of]u ;ldtL sfe|]sf cWoIf k|sfz sfoiyn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] eg] :jfut\ dGtJo dlxnf kt+hnL of]u ;ldtL sfe|]sf cWoIf

OlGb/f tf}hn]n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . lzlj/ pb\3f6g sfo{qmd ;~rfng dxfdGqL Zofds'df/ >]i7n] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . kfFr lbg ;Dd ;r + fng xg'] pQm lzlj/df klxnf] / bf;f|] lbg sl]Gbo| dlxnf ke|f/L kH'of ;fWjL bj]flbltaf6 ;r + fng ePsf] / t;]f|,] rfy}f] / kfr F f} lbg kth + nL ofu] ;ldlt gfk]fnsf sl]Gbo| ;b:o tyf afUdtL kb|z ] kd|v ' ul|' jg tfh } nn ] ] ;r + fng ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pQm lzlj/df lhNnf el/af6 pNnv ] lgo pkl:ylt /xs ] f] 5 . lzlj/ kZrft olx hi]7 @! utb]l]v #^ lbg] ;x ofu] lzIfs kl|zIf0f kf|/De xg'] s/'fsf] hfgsf/L ;r + f/ ke|f/L ldng eQm >i]7n] hfgsf/L lbge'of] .

/fli6«o nlntsnf k'/:sf/af6 ag]kfsf kmf]6f]u|flkm a}B k'/:s[t ag] k f÷…/fli6« o nlntsnf k| b z{ g L–@)*!df ;dfa] z ePsf snfs[ltx? dWo] kmf]6f]u|fkmL ljwfdf ag]kfsf /fduf]kfn -uf]kfn_ a}B pTs[i6 x'g' ePsf] 5 . a}BnfO{ /fli6«o nlntsnf k'/:sf/af6 ;+:s[lt ko{6g tyf gful/s p•og dGqL tyf k|lti7fgsf ;+/Ifs lxtaxfb'/ tfdfªn] k'/:s[t ug{' ePsf] 5 . u0ftGq lbj;sf cj;/df ePsf] /fli6«o nlntsnf k|b{zgL @)*! df a}BnfO{ gub ;lxt ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . k|b{zgL u0ftGq lbj;sf] lbg h]7 !% ut] g]kfn nlntsnf k|1f k|lti7fg gS;fndf ul/Psf] lyof] . …/fli6«o nlntsnf k|bz{gL–@)*! dª\njf/af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 . k|bz{gLsf] ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p•og dGqL tyf k|lti7fgsf ;+/Ifs lxtaxfb'/ tfdfªn] pb\3f6g ug{'ePsf] lyof] . k|bz{gLdf k'/:s[t x'g'x'g] ;h{s snfsf/x¿ cem

;lqmotfsf ;fy snf l;h{gfdf nfUg tfdfªn] cfu|x ug{' ePsf] lyof] . k|lti7fgsf s'nklt gf/bdl0f xft{D5fnLn] g]kfnL nlntsnfnfO{ :yfgLo tx, k|b]z / s]G› x'Fb} cGt/{fli6«o :t/;Dd km}nfpgsf nflu k|lti7fgn] sfd ul//x]sf] atfpg'eof] . k|lti7fgsf pks'nklt Pj+ …/fli6«o nlntsnf k|bz{gL @)*! sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf ;+of]hs nfnsfhL nfdfn]

k|lti7fgsf] :yfkgf sfnb]lv g} x'Fb} cfPsf] o; …/fli6«o nlntsnf k|bz{gLÚ sf] ljz]if dxQ\j /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . k|lti7fgn] …;fdflhs ¿kfGt/0f M nlntsnfsf] cleofgÚ eGg] d"n efjdf /x]/ ;DkGg u/] s f] …k| f b] l zs nlntsnf k|bz{gL–@)*) dfkm{t 5flgPsf snfs[lt ;dfj]z u/]/ o; jif{ …/fli6«o nlntsnf k|bz{gL–@)*!Ú u/]sf] xf] .

cg';Gwfg ljlw;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;DkGg kgf}tL÷OG›]Zj/ SofDk;sf] cfof]hgfdf / ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]usf] ;xof]udf h]i7 !) b]lv !@ ut] ;Dd :gftsf] Q / txdf cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] Desertation Writing sfo{nfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{] / SofDk;df cWofkg/t k|fWofksx?sf] j[lQljsf;sf] p2]Zo /fvL MBs\ Dissertation and Article Writing ljifodf # lbg] sfo{zfnf uf]li7 ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

Joj:yfkg ;+ s fosf ;xfos l8g k|f=8f=lblnk k/fh'nL, ;x–k|fWofks 8f= k|sf; >]i7, pkk|fWofks dl5G› yfkfn] ljifoj:t' dfly uxg k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . uf]li7df lhNnfdf /x]sf sfe|] ax'd'vL SofDk;, t]hu+uf SofDk;, kfj{tL ax'd'vL SofDk;, a]n/ SofDk;, ;~hLjgL SofDk;, w'lnv]n SofDk;x?df cWofkg ug{] k|fWofkssf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

SofDk; k| d ' v >Ls' d f/ ;'jfnn] sfo{qmddfly k|sfz kfg{' ePsf] ]

pQm sfo{qmddf k|f=8f= lblnk k/fh'nLn] z'ef/De ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf SofDk; Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf t'o'sfhL tfd|fsf/ / ;~rfng ;xfos SofDk; k|d'v ho/fd sd{frfo{n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf SofDk; Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf sf]iffWoIf led;]g a:g]t nufPtn] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;xefuL k|fWofksx?n] sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L / pknAwLd"ns /x]sf] k|ltlqmof lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.@.!% hGdM @)!*.$.!@

:j= dxfnIdL ;]9fO{ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !! sf @)&( df hglgjf{lrt j8f ;b:o xl/ehg ;]9fO{ tyf ;dfh;]jL xl/x/ ;]9fO{sf ddtfdoL dftf dxfnIdL ;]9fOs { f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6

gf/fo0f a8fn j8f cWoIf

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !! sfof{no kl/jf/, kftn]v]t, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @))#.^.!#

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.@.!%

:j= dxfnIdL ;]9fO{ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !! sf @)&( df hglgjf{lrt j8f ;b:o xl/ehg ;]9fO{ tyf ;dfh;]jL xl/x/ ;]9fO{sf ddtfdoL dftf dxfnIdL ;]9fOs { f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

czf]s Jof~h" gu/ k|d'v

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf kl/jf/, w'lnv]n

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.@.!#

:j= lbn zf]ef zfSo o; rl08sf artsf k"j{ cWoIf tyf jt{dfg sfo{ ;ldlt ;b:o cd[t/Tg zfSosf] wd{kTgL tyf ;+rfns ;ldlt ;b:o lbnzf]ef zfSosf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

zfSo/Tg zfSo ;/f]h efn' ljh]zs'df/ kf]6] ljZjgfy tf}hn] cWoIf pkfWoIf ;lrj sf]iffWoIf k|ldnf zfSo–;b:o h'lgtf kf]6]–;b:o lgd{nf tf}hn]–;b:o af]wk|;fb tf}hn] xl/rGb| knf~rf]s] gf/fo0fs[i0f >]i7 ;b:o ;b:o lg= cWoIf cg'kf tf}hn]–;b:o /Tgs]z/L knf~rf]s]–;b:o lbndfof >]i7–;b:o z'e/fh hf]zL ;/f]hsfhL knf~rf]s] /ljGb| tfd|fsf/ ;b:o ;b:o ;b:o kfj{tL hf]zL –;b:o ;l/tf knf~rf]s]–;b:o ;'dgf tfd|fsf/–;b:o ;'/s[i0f j}B s[i0fuf]kfn e}n c?0fsfhL j}B ;b:o ;b:o ;b:o /hgL j}B–;b:o lg? e}n–;b:o ;l/tf j}B–;b:o k|lj0fs[i0f sfo:y ;'/]Gb| s'= >]i7 ;b:o lw/h ef]l5ef]of ;b:o ;'lgtf sfo:y–;b:o ;b:o k|f0f]Zj/L >]i7–;b:o

tyf

rl08sf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf kl/jf/, ag]kf–&, sfe|]

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/

dfsfb'd ;fd'bflos art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, sfe|]

shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] !% lbg] ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!&

o; dfsfb'd ;fd'bflos art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=af6 JolQmut shf{ lzif{sdf shf{ lnO shf{sf] efvf, cjlw ;ls shf{ r'Qmf ug{sf] nflu ;+:yfaf6 k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t j]jf:tf u/L ;+:yfnfO{ ltg{, a'´fpg afFls ;fFjf, Aofh nufot cGo xh{gf e"QmfgL ug'{ x'g of] !% -kGw|_ lbg] ;fj{hgLs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf] !% -kGw|_ lbg leq shf{ r'Qmf ug{ gcfPdf o; ;+:yf;Fu ePsf] lnlvtsf] zt{ cg';f/ C0fL tyf hdfgL b'j} lj?4 cfjZos sfg'gL k|s[of cuf8L a9fOg] ;d]t ;"rLt ul/G5 .

C0fLsf] ljj/0f

hdfgLx?sf] ljj/0f

C0fLsf] kmf]6f]

gfd, y/ M zGt dfof >]i7 kltsf] gfd M ;To gf/fo0f >]i7 ;;'/fsf] gfd M OGb| axfb'/ >]i7 7]ufgf M :ofpn]—#, l;Gw'kfNrf]s C0fsf] k|sf/ M Jofkf/Ls shf{

hdfgLx?sf] kmf]6f]

gfd M /fh s'df/ >]i7 afa'sf] gfd M k"0f{ s'df/ >]i7 afh]sf] gfd M k"0f la/ >]i7 7]ufgf M ag]kf—&, sfe|] hdfgLsf] gfd M rGb| dfof >]i7 kltsf] gfd M /fh s'df/ >]i7 ;;'/fsf] gfd M k"0f{ s'df/ >]i7 7]ufgf M ag]kf—&, sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{

xfd|f cfb/0fLo bfh' /fduf]kfn -uf]kfn_ j}B u0ftGq cj;/df g]kfn nlntsnf k|1f k|lti7fgåf/f cfof]lht /fli6«o nlntsnf k|bz{gL @)*! df kmf]6f]u|fkmL ljwftkm{ pTs[i6 kmf]6f]u|fkmLdf gub ;lxt k'/:s[t x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} pHjn eljiosf] sfdgf ub{5f}+ .

1fg]Zj/ >]i7 k|zfGt >]i7

dWodf~rn e]6 ;]G6/

Zofd sfo:y ;lgn ;}+h" tyf

G5 ;d"x kl/jf/ sfe|]

lwtf] aGws ;DklQ lnnfd ;DaGwL !% lbg] cToGt h?/L ;"rgf bf];|f]k6s ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!÷@÷!& o; ;+:yfsf] tklznsf] C0fL ;b:on] crn ;DklQ lwtf] ;'/If0f /fvL C0f lnPsf]df pQm C0fsf] lgoldt ?kdf ;+:yfnfO{ ltg{' a'emfpg' kg{] ;fFjf, Jofh Pj+ cGo b:t'/ ;do leq glt/L ga'emfO{ o; ;+:yf;Fu ug{'ePsf] zt{ ;Demf}tf pNn+3g u/L a;]sf]df ;+:yfn] k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt hfgsf/L u/fO{ ldlt @)*).)^.!! ut] r]i6f ;fKtflxs klqsf dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L C0f r'Qmf ug{ cg'/f]w ubf{ ;d]t cfhsf ldlt ;Dd pQm C0f r'Qmf gu/]sfn] C0fL ;b:o Pj+ hdfgLstf{ / ;DalGwt lwtf]jfnfn] C0f lnFbf u/]sf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq ;fFjf Jofh xh{gf / cGo b:t'/ /sdx? ;+:yfdf bflvnf ug{'xf]nf . olb /sd lt/L a'emfO{ ;lsPsf] eP ;f]sf] lg:;f k|df0f k]z ug{x'g o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . cGoyf ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #^ cf}+ lbg lwtf] h] h:tf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 ;f]lx cj:yfdf lnnfd ljqmL ul/g] x'Fbf lnnfd a9fa9 u/L lng O{R5's dxfg'efjx?nfO{ hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . C0fL ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;ldlt Pj+ hdfgLstf{ / lwtf] hdfgtjfnf ;d]t ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] lwtf] lnnfd ljqmL ul/g] hfgsf/L ub{} lwtf] n]lvlbPsf] ;DklQ lnnfd ljqmL ubf{ o; ;+:yfaf6 ul/Psf] d'Nof+sg /sd eGbf sd d'Nodf lnnfd ljqmL eof] jf d]/f]÷xfd|f] ;DklQsf] plrt d"No k|fKt geO{ ;+:yfn] sd d'Nodf lnnfd ljqmL u¥of] egL slxst} ph'/ afh'/ ug{ kfpg 'x'g] 5}g . ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] ;DklQ lnnfd ljqmL ubf{ klg ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ gePdf ;xsf/L P]g @)&$, lgodfjnL @)&% ;+:yfsf] ljlgod / C0f c;'nL gLlt tyf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd C0fL ;b:osf] rn crn ;DklQx?af6 lwtf]n] gvfd]sf] aSof}tf C0f /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .

C0fLsf] gfd y/ jtg gfdM ;/f]h l3l;ª a'afsf] gfdMOGb|dfg afh]sf] gfdMgh/dfg gf=k|=g+= M #).)!.^(.)#))) 7]ufgf M lzv/cfDjf]6] (, sfe|]

lwtf] ;'/If0f jfkt /f]Ssf /x]sf] hUUfsf] ljj/0f

hdfgtlbg]sf] ljj/0f

C0fLsf] kmf]6f]

hdfgt lbg]sf] kmf]6f]

lhNnf Msfe|]knf~rf]s lzv/cfDjf]6] ( lsQf g+= gfdM u+ufdfof nfdf @#!^, If]qkmn M !)–)–@–!, ls;Ld M /}s/ lglh kltsf] gfdMOGb|dfg ;;'/fsf] gfdMgh/dfg gf=k|=g+= M #)#)*#.^^ 7]ufgf M lzv/cfDjf]6] ( sfe|]knf~rf]s

k'gZr M !_ ldlt @)*!÷@÷#@ ut] z'qmaf/sf lbg o; ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf lnnfd laqmL ul/g]5 . ;f] lbg labf k/] ;f] sf] ef]lnkN6 ul/g]5 . @_ lnnfdlaqmL ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf laxfg !!M)) ah] b]lv $M)) ah] ;Dd x'g]5 . #_ lnnfd laqmL laleGg ;/sf/L sfof{no tyf :yflgo lgsfoaf6 pkl:yt x'g' ePsf k|ltlglw tyf C0fLsf] /f]xa/df ul/g]5 . ;/sf/L sfof{no tyf :yflgo lgsfoaf6 k|ltlglw / C0fL pkl:ylt gePdf lnnfd laqmL ug{ afwf k/]sf] dflgg] 5}g . $_ lnnfd laqmL ;sf/ ug{ ;a}eGbf a9L saf]n ug]{ AolQmn] cfkm'n] saf]n u/]sf] c+ssf] !) k|ltzt /sd ;f]lx ;+:yfdf w/f}6Lsf] ?kdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . afFsL /sd !% lbg leqdf hDdf u/L lnnfd laqmL ;sf/ u/]sf] crn ;Dklt cfkm\gf] gfpdf gfd;f/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . gfd;f/L ubf{ nfUg] b:t'/ tyf nfe s/ lnnfd laqmL ;sf/ ug]{ AolQmn] a'emfpg' kg]{5 . %_ lnnfd laqmL ;sf/ ug{ ;a}eGbf a9L saf]n ug]{ AolQmn] cfkm'n] saf]n u/]sf] c+ssf] !) k|ltzt /sd ;f]lx ;+:yfdf w/f}6Lsf] ?kdf bflvnf gu/]df To;kl5 s|dz ;a}eGbf a9L c+s saf]n ug]{ AolQmsf] gfpdf lnnfd laqmL ;sf/ ul/g] 5 . ^_ lnnfd laqmL ;sf/ ug{ saf]n ug]{ AolQm cfkm} jf sDkgL, ;+3 ;+:yf, kmd{sf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglw pkl:yt x'g' kg]{5 . AolQmsf] xsdf g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq / sDkgL, ;+3 ;+:yf, kmd{sf] xsdf cf= a= )*)÷)*! ;Dd glas/0f ePsf] btf{ k|df0fkq, Kofgsf8{, s/ r'Qmf k|df0fkq k]z ug'{kg]{5 . &_ ;+:yfsf] ;ldlt tyf pk ;ldltdf /x]sf kbflwsf/Lx? jf sdf{rf/Lx? jf lghsf kl/jf/ jf cfkmGtn] lnnfd laqmLdf efu lng jf af]n saf]n ug{ kfpg] 5}g . *_ lnnfd laqmL ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ ;+rfns ;ldltdf lglxt x'g]5 .

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

kgf}tLdf cIf/dfu{ sfJo uf]i7L kgf}tL÷sfe|] lhNnfsf] k|frLg gu/ kgf}tLdf cIf/dfu{ sfJo uf]i7L ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;flxlTos kqsfl/tfdf Voflt sdfPsf]] cIf/dfu{ ;flxlTos q}dfl;s klqsfn] sfJouf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] xf] . sfJo uf]i7Lsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ sfo{qmdsf ljlzi6 cltly jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ k|f 8f=uf]ljGb/fh e§/fO{n] cIf/ sd{df nflu/x]sf cIf/dfu{sf ;Dkfbs slj ;"o{k|;fb nfsf]h"sf] kl/>dn] ;flxlTos hut km/flsnf] aGb} uPsf] pNn]v u/] . pgn] ;|i6fx?nfO{ ;flxTo sd{df pT;flxt ug{sf nflu sfe|]sf] kgf}tLn] of]ubfg k'¥ofO/x]sf] hgfP . Ps csf]{ k|;ª\udf pgn] g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ ljZjahf/df k'¥ofpg'kg]{ atfP . csf{ ljz]if cltly kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf gu/k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/Ln] ;flxTosf] pGgogsf nflu ;a} nfUg' kg]{ ljrf/ sfo{qmddf kf]v] . ;flxlTos kqsfl/tfsf ;fy} ljleGg ;flxlTos lqmofsnfk / ;|i6fx?nfO{ ;Ddfg tyf k'/:sf/ lbFb} cfPsf] cIf/dfu{sf] cf+of]hgfdf ePsf] ;f] sfJouf]i7Ldf b]zsf ljleGg lhNnf tyf l5d]sL d'n's ef/taf6 cfPsf ;|i6fx?n] cfkm\gf] l;h{gf jfrg u/]sf lyP .

pgLx?n] cfkm\gf l;h{gf jfrgdfkm{T ;dfhsf] lrq0fsf ;fy} ljBdfg ljs[lt / lj;Ëltk|lt JoË\o ub{} ;d[4 / ;'Gb/ eljiosf] sfdgf ;d]t u/]sf lyP . sfJouf]i7Ldf ;|i6fx? xl/k|;fb rf}+nfufO{+, dl0f/fh l;+x, s[i0fs'df/ j}B, ljZj l;Ub]n, /fd;'Gb/ b]phf, ;'lznf lai6, w'|as[i0f tfd|fsf/, 8f= l;h{gf zd{f, k"0f{ >]i7, ;f]dsfhL zfSo, ejfgL vltj8f, sfzL/fd lj/;, hfg'sf vltj8f, a'l4dfg dxh{g, pkfzgf a/fn, h'dg ls/0f, clgtf sf]O/fnf, bz/y e§/fO{, lg/f >]i7, eujtL a:g]t, cho l3l;ª, ;'/]z ;}+h", ejfgL kf08], ljho/fd sd{frfo{ las'gf/fo0f tfd|fsf/, xl/;'Gb/ 5'sf+, t'o'sfhL tfd|fsf/, lbJo lu/L, k|sfz sfo:y, nlntf clwsf/Lnufotn] l;h{gf jfrg u/]sf lyP . ;f]xL cj;/df nf]sufos dR5]Zj/ ;fksf]6f / ;/:jtL ;fksf]6fn] nf]sufog k|:t't u/]sf lyP eg] ufos ljgf]b ljsn] b]zwlQmk"0f{ ufog k|:t't u/]sf lyP . l;h{gf jfrgsf] ;dfkg l;:gf] k fgL g] k fnsf cWoIf tyf Joª\Uoslj nId0f ufDgfd]sf] sljtfaf6 ePsf] lyof] . uf]i7Ldf l;h{gf jfrg u/]sf ;|i6fx?nfO{ ;flxTosf/ k|f 8f uf]ljGb/fh

e§/fO{, 1fgaxfb/ If]qL, slj nId0f ufDgfd]nufotn] ;Ddfgkq k|bfg u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmdsf cj;/df ef/t cf;fdaf6 cfPsf jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ 1fgaxfb'/ If]qLnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;Ddflgt If]qLn] cf;fddf g]kfnL efifL ;flxTosf] rr{f ub{} ;Ddfgk|lt cfef/ hgfP . sfo{qmddf k|f= 8f= cGhgf j:tL, OGb|]Zj/ SofDk;sf k|d'v >Ls'df/ ;'jfnnufotn] cfˆgf ljrf/ kf]v]sf lyP . ;f] sfo{qmddf cIf/dfu{sf ;Dkfbs tyf slj nfsf]h"n] uf]i7Ldf g]kfnsf dfq geP/ l5d]sL d'n's ef/taf6 ;d]t ;h{ssf] ;xeflutfn] ph{f k|fKt ePsf] atfP . cIf/dfu{n] x/]s jif{ sfJouf]i7L ul//x]sf] 5 . ;f]xL cj;/df ;|i6f ;"o{ nfsf]h"af6 lnlvt …kgf}tLsf s]xL hfqfkj{x?’ sf] kl/rr{f ;d]t ePsf] 5 . sfo{ q mddf ;flxTosf/ t' o sfhL tfd|fsf/n] kgf}tLsf] dxTj / P]ltxfl;stf, kgf}tLsf d"t{, cd"t{ ;Dkbfaf/] pQm k':tsn] dxTjk"0f{ hfgsf/L k:s]sf] ljrf/ kf]v] . pgn] kgf}tLnfO{ ;f+:s[lts gu/sf ?kdf kl/lrt u/fpg] sfddf pNn]vgLo of]ubfg u/]sf] ;d]t atfP .

a]yfgrf]sdf ahf/ cg'udg M

v'jf / df;' ;“u} /fVg]nfO{ hl/jfgf a]yfGrf]s÷a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsfdf ahf/ cg'udg ul/Psf] 5 . kflnsf leq ;~rfngdf /x]sf b'Uw ;+sng s]G›, a]s/L pBf]u, e]6]l/g/L ;]G6/, df;' k;n, ls/fgf k;nsf] cg'udg ul/Psf] xf] . a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsf pkfWoIf tf/f /fgf ltdN;gf, pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfo{fno sfe|]sf k|d'v o1axfb'/ cf]nL, vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f sfo{fno sfe|] k|d'v dlgiff rfkfufFO{, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf e/t ;fksf]6f, pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfo{fno sfe|]sf dbgs'df/ ahufFO{, OZj/s'df/ kf08], /ljG›k|;fb rf}+nfufFO{ nufotsf] 6f]nLn] ahf/ cg'udg u/]sf] xf] . cg'udgsf qmddf Pp6f v'jf pBf]unfO{ hl/jfgf ul/Psf] 5 eg] Dofb u'lh|Psf h';, kfp/f]6L nufotsf cvfB ;fdfu|L gi6 ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} bh{gf}+nfO{ ;r]t u/fOPsf] 5 . d~h' v'jf tyf b'UwhGo Joj;fonfO{ % xhf/ ?k}ofF hl/jfgf ul/Psf] 5 . pQm pBf]uaf6 $ Kofs]6 ;f]l8od afO sfj{f]g]6 gi6 ul/Psf] 5 . pQm v'jf pBf]udf df;' / v'jf ;Fu} /fv]sf] ;d]t km]nf k/]sf] 5 . k6s k6s ;r]t u/fpFbf klg c6]/ u/]sfn] hl/jfgf ul/Psf] xf] . o:t} kfy{nL 8fF8f ufpF 8]/L kmd{nfO{ ;/;kmfO{df Wofg lbg cfu|x ub{} ;r]t u/fOPsf] 5 . pQm 8]/L kmd{df klg

jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/

dxfef/t ;lxt kf“r :yfgLo txdf ‘z'Go’ a]?h' !=$@ / w'lnv]ndf !=^# k|ltzt a]?h' b]lvPsf] 5 . rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpkFflnsfdf !=&( / kfr F vfn gu/kflnsfdf !=(( k|ltzt a]?h' b]lvPsf] 5 . dxfef/t ufpkFflnsfdf ! ca{ @% s/f]8 $$ nfv ^@ xhf/sf] n]vfkl/If0f ePsf] lyof] . kgf}tL gu/kflnsfn] @ ca{ ^^ s/f]8, /f]zL ufpkFflnsfn] ! ca{ *@ s/f]8, e'Dn'df ! ca{ @) s/f]8, gdf]a'4 dxfef/t ufpF k flnsfdf z' G o a] ? h' b] l vPsf] 5 . g] k fnsf & ;o %# j6f :yfgLo ;/sf/ dWo] & ;o $^ j6f :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] n] v fkl/If0f ul/Psf] lyof] . h;dWo] % j6f :yfgLo txdf z' G o a] ? h' b] l vPsf] 5 . dxfef/t ufpF k flnsf z' G o a] ? h' ePsf kfF r dWo] k/] s f] 5 . lhNnfsf !# j6f kflnsfx? dWo] a] ? h' z' G o agfpg] cleofgdf lg/Gt/ ;lqmo dxfef/tn] of] jif{ klg w] / } :yfgLo txnfO{ pl5g]sf] 5 . dxfn]vfkl/Ifssf] sfo{fnon] cfO{ t af/ ;fj{ h lgs u/] s f] ^! cf} F aflif{ s k| l tj] b g cg' ; f/ cfly{ s jif{ @)&(÷@)*) df eP u/] s f cfly{ s s[ o fsnfkx? ;d] l 6Psf] 5 . dxfef/t kl5 sd a] ? h' ePsf] kflnsfsf ?kdf kgf} t L k/] s f] 5 . kgf} t Ldf )=@@ k| l tzt a] ? h' b] l vPsf] 5 . To:t} /f] z L ufpF k flnsf )=^^ k| l tzt a] ? h' eO{ t] > f] ePsf] 5 . e' D n' ufpF k flnsfdf ;a} eGbf w] / } #=@^ k| l tzt a] ? h' b] l vPsf] 5 . gdf] a ' 4 gu/kflnsfdf #=@^ k| l tzt a] ? h' b] l vPsf] 5 . ljsf;sf lx;fjn] kl5 k/]sf] tyf ef}uf]lns ljs6tfdf /x]sf]

s'g kflnsfdf slt a]?h' k|ltzt qm=; ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( !) !! !@ !#

kflnsf dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf kgf}tL ufpFkflnsf /f]zL ufpFkflnsf t]dfn ufpFkflnsf ag]kf gu/kflnsf vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsf a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsf d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpFkflnsf kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf

dxfef/tn] km]/L Ps k6s ;a}sf] dg lht]sf] 5 . vfgLvf]nf ufpkFflnsfn] klg a]?h'df cfkm'nfO{ sd u/fPsf] 5 . vfgLvf]nfdf !=!( /x]sf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsfdf !=)@ k|ltzt a]?h' b]lvPsf] 5 . a]yfGrf]s ufpkFflnsfdf !=@! k|ltzt a]?h' /xbFf d08gb]pk'/df

a]?h' k|ltzt z'Go )=!^ )=@@ )=^^ !=)@ !=!( !=@! !=$@ !=^# !=&( !=(( #=@^ $=@# gu/kflnsfn] ! Ps ca{ %^ s/f]8, kfr F vfn gu/kflnsfn] ! ca{ *% s/f]8, rf}/Lb]p/fnLn] ! ca{ ! s/f]8, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsfn] ! ca{ ^& s/f]8, a]yfgrf]s ufpkFflnsfn] ! ca{ $@ s/f]8, vfgLvf]nf ufpkFflnsfn] *) s/f]8 *^ nfvsf] n]vfkl/If0f u/fPsf] lyof] .

kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!#@%

;f]l8od afO sfj{f]g]6 gi6 ul/Psf] 5 . a]yfgrf]s–@ df /x]sf] esf/L a]yfgrf]s a]s/L slkm xf]6n nh tyf KoflsªnfO{ cfjZos dfkb08 k'/f ug{ ;r]t u/fOPsf] 5 . cg'udgsf qmddf Joj;fo bt{f gu/L ;~rfng u/]sf], ;/;kmfO{df Wofg glbOPsf]. Dofb ;lsPsf] cvfB ;fdfu|L ljlqm u/]sf] nufotsf q[l6 e]l6Psf] vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f sfo{fno sfe|] k|d'v dlgiff rfkfufFO{n] hfgsf/L lbOg\ . cg'udgsf qmddf Jojl:yt tj/n] ;~rfng eO/x]sf pbfx/0fLo Joj;fo klg km]nf k/]sf] pgn] atfOg\ . pkef]QmfnfO{ :j:y / u'0f:t/Lo vfg]s'/f

pknAw u/fpg] bfloTj Joj;foLsf] klg ePsfn] dfgj :jf:Yodf v]njf8 gug{ pgn] cfu|x u/]sL 5g\ . o:t} pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfo{fnosf k|d'v o1axfb'/ cf]nLn] pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrttfsf nflu ahf/ cg'udgdf hf]8 lbOPsf] atfP . a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsf–! df /x]sf] dbfgL 8]/L / a]yfgrf]s–@ df /x]sf] b]p/fnL v'jf P08 b'Uw ;+sng s]G›n] ;/;kmfO{df Wofg lbFb} tf]lsPsf dfkb08 kfngf u/] s f] kfOPsf] 5 . a] y fgrf] s ufpFkflnsf j8f gDa/ ! df /x]sf] cf/l8cf/ s[lif tyf kz'kfng kmd{sf] ;d]t cjnf]sg ul/Psf] lyof] .

kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!#@%

shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] !% lbg] ;"rgf

shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] #% lbg] ;"rgf

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!& o; ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg lzif{s cGtu{t C0f lnPsf tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLx?n] C0f lnFbf ul/lbPsf] lnvt / C0f :jLs[tkqsf] zt{df tf]lsP cg';f/ ;do ;dodf a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fjfF, Jofh tyf cGo b}÷b:t'/ cflb glt/L gj'emfO{ ;+:yf;Fu u/]sf] zt{ sj'lnotsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] / ;+:yfn] shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfgsf] nflu C0fL tyf JolQmut hdfgLstf{nfO{ k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt?kdf tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t shf{ r'Qmf ug]{tkm{ s'g} rf;f] gb]vfO{ a]jf:tf u/L j:g'ePsf]n] tkfO{x? tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fL lwtf] hdfgL lbg] tyf JolQmut wg hdfgL lbg]sf gfddf shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{ cfpg] jf/]sf] of] #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ctM of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbg leq o; ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ /fvL cfFkm'n] lnPsf] shf{sf] a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fFjf, Jofh tyf b}÷b:t'/ ;d]t r'Qmf e'QmfgL ug'{xf]nf . ;fy}, JolQmut wg hdfgL j:g]n] ;d]t shf{ r'Qmf e'QmfgL ug{ nufpg' x'g cg'/f]w 5 . cGoyf lwtf] ;'/If0f jfkt ;+:yfsf] gfddf n]vL n]vfO{ lbPsf] lwtf] / sy+sbflrt ;f] lwtf]af6 ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]df c;'n pk/ geO{ afFsL /x]sf] /sd C0fL / gLhsf] Psf3/ ;uf]nsf] kl/jf/sf gfddf /x]sf] cGo rn crn ;DklQ jf C0f lnFbf JolQmut hdfgL lbg]sf] gfddf /x]sf jf gLhsf] xssf] rn crn ;DklQaf6 ;d]t ;xsf/L P]g, ;+:yfsf shf{ c;'nL gLlt tyf cGo ;Da4 k|rlnt P]g, sfg'g adf]lhd lwtf] lnnfd ljqmL u/L tyf lwtf] g/x]sf] xsdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f btf{ u/L jf cGo s'g} pko'Qm Joj:yf u/L ;+:yfsf] n]gf afFsL /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] tyf #% lbgleq shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg gu/]df C0fL / JolQmut hdfgLstf{nfO{ ;d]t shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ug]{ k|s[of cl3 a9fOg] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgfaf6 hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . tkl;n

qm=;+=

!

C0fLsf] ljj/0f

C0fLsf] kmf]6f]

hdfgL lbg]sf] ljj/0f

C0fLsf] gfd M cldtf du/ a'jfsf] gfdM lbnaxfb'/ /fgfdu/ afh]sf] gfdM h'4axfb'/ /fgfdu/ 7]ufgf M afF:jf]6] ( pbok'/

gfd M /Tgaxfb'/ du/ ;;'/fM lbnaxfb'/ /fgfdu/ a'af M OGb|axfb'/ du/ 7]ufgf M afF:jf]6] ( pbok'/

C0fLsf] gfdM ljdnf ltdlN;gf a'jfsf] gfdM tf/fgfy ltdlN;gf afh]sf] gfd M uf}/Lz+s/ ltdlN;gf 7]ufgfM 9'+vs{ (, sfe|]

gfd M d]g'sf 9sfn klt M /fdrGb| 9sfn a'af M ldgk|;fb a8fn 7]ufgf M u}x|Llj;f}gf b]pk'/ @, sfe|]

C0fLsf] gfdM w'a|axfb'/ 3f]/;fOg] a'jfsf] gfdM ef]h/fh 3f]/;fOg] afh]sf] gfd M slknd'lg 3f]/;fOg] 7]ufgfM w'lnv]n @, sfe|]

gfd M k|sfz 3f]/;fOg] a'af M w'j|axfb'/ 3f]/;fOg] afh] M ef]h/fh 3f]/;fOg] 7]ufgfM w'lnv]n @, sfe|]

C0fsf] k|sf/ M Jofkf/L C0f

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.!&

o; ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg lzif{s cGtu{t C0f lnPsf tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLx?n] C0f lnFbf ul/lbPsf] lnvt / C0f :jLs[tkqsf] zt{df tf]lsP cg';f/ ;do ;dodf a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fjfF, Jofh tyf cGo b}÷b:t'/ cflb glt/L gj'emfO{ ;+:yf;Fu u/]sf] zt{ sj'lnotsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] / ;+:yfn] shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfgsf] nflu C0fL tyf JolQmut hdfgLstf{nfO{ k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt?kdf tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t shf{ r'Qmf ug]{tkm{ s'g} rf;f] gb]vfO{ a]jf:tf u/L j:g'ePsf]n] tkfO{x? tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fL lwtf] hdfgL lbg] tyf JolQmut wg hdfgL lbg]sf gfddf shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{ cfpg] jf/]sf] of] !% -kGw|_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ctM of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw|_ lbg leq o; ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ /fvL cfFkm'n] lnPsf] shf{sf] a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fFjf, Jofh tyf b}÷b:t'/ ;d]t r'Qmf e'QmfgL ug'{xf]nf . ;fy}, JolQmut wg hdfgL j:g]n] ;d]t shf{ r'Qmf e'QmfgL ug{ nufpg' x'g cg'/f]w 5 . cGoyf lwtf] ;'/If0f jfkt ;+:yfsf] gfddf n]vL n]vfO{ lbPsf] lwtf] / sy+sbflrt ;f] lwtf]af6 ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]df c;'n pk/ geO{ afFsL /x]sf] /sd C0fL / gLhsf] Psf3/ ;uf]nsf] kl/jf/sf gfddf /x]sf] cGo rn crn ;DklQ jf C0f lnFbf JolQmut hdfgL lbg]sf] gfddf /x]sf jf gLhsf] xssf] rn crn ;DklQaf6 ;d]t ;xsf/L P]g, ;+:yfsf shf{ c;'nL gLlt tyf cGo ;Da4 k|rlnt P]g, sfg'g adf]lhd lwtf] lnnfd ljqmL u/L tyf lwtf] g/x]sf] xsdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f btf{ u/L jf cGo s'g} pko'Qm Joj:yf u/L ;+:yfsf] n]gf afFsL /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] tyf !% lbgleq shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg gu/]df C0fL / JolQmut hdfgLstf{nfO{ ;d]t shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ug]{ k|s[of cl3 a9fOg] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgfaf6 hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

@

C0fsf] k|sf/ M Jofkf/L C0f #

$

%

tkl;n

qm=;+=

C0fLsf] ljj/0f

!

C0fLsf] gfd M lbnLk bfxfn a'jfsf] gfdM Zofd k|;fb bfxfn afh]sf] gfdM rGb| k|;fb bfxfn 7]ufgf M gfnf JolQmut hdfgL C0f C0fsf] k|sf/ M xfo/ kr]{h C0f

@

C0fLsf] gfdM cld/ >]i7 afh]sf] gfd M dfgbf; >]i7 a'jfsf] gfdM ljk'nfn >]i7 7]ufgfM ag]kf JolQmtut hdfgL C0f

#

C0fLsf] gfdM ndf]dfof jfOjf afh]sf] gfd M nfnl;+ d'Qmfg a'jfsf] gfdM nIf'dg d'Qmfg ;;'/fsf] gfd M z]/axfb'/ jfOjf 7]ufgf dxfef/t @ sfe|] JolQmtut hdfgL C0f

C0fLsf] kmf]6f]

hdfgL lbg]sf] ljj/0f gfd M kfj{tL cfrfo{ ;;'/fM Zofd k|;fb bfxfn a'af M a'l4k|;fb cfrfo{ klt M lblnk bfxfn 7]ufgf M pu|r08L gfnf &, r'gftfn

hdfgL lbg]sf] kmf]6f] ^

& /d]z sdf{rfo{

* gfdM ldg axfb'/ jfOjf a'af M z]/axfb'/ jfOjf ;;'/f M nIf'dg d'Qmfg 7]ufgf dxfef/t @ sfe|]

(

C0fsf] k|sf/ M ;fdflhs lqmofsnfk C0f C0fLsf] gfdM s[i0fk|;fb cfrfo{ a'jfsf] gfdM n]vgfy cfrfo{ afh]sf] gfd M sflzgfy cfrfo{ 7]ufgfM w'lnv]n ^, sfe|] C0fsf] k|sf/ M xfo/ kr]{h C0f C0fLsf] gfdM dw' yfkf klt M e/t yfkf a'jfsf] gfdM k"0f{axfb'/ a:g]t ;;'/fsf] gfd M v8\saxfb'/ yfkf 7]ufgfM pu|tf/f (, sfe|] C0fsf] k|sf/ M Jofkf/L C0f C0fLsf] gfdM lk|o kf08] a'jfsf] gfdM gj/fh kf08] afh]sf] gfd M sflnbf; kf08] 7]ufgfM s'?jf; rfkfvf]/L %, sfe|]knf~rf]s C0fsf] k|sf/ M 3/]n' tyf ;fgf] pBf]u C0f C0fLsf] gfdM /fhg b'jfn dfgGw/ a'jfsf] gfdM 1fgsfhL dfgGw/ afh]sf] gfd M hut dfgGw/ 7]ufgfM ag]kf *, sfe|]knf~rf]s C0fsf] k|sf/ M Jofkf/L C0f C0fLsf] gfdM /fHonIdL >]i7 a'jfsf] gfdM s[i0fnfn >]i7 afh]sf] gfd M b]jLnfn >]i7 7]ufgfM pu|r08L % , sfe|]knf~rf]s C0fsf] k|sf/ M JolQmut wg hdfgL C0f C0fLsf] gfdM zf]ef s];L a'jfsf] gfdM g/axfb'/ clwsf/L afh]sf] gfd M v8\uaxfb'/ clwsf/L C0fsf] k|sf/ M Jofkf/L C0f

gfd M ;l/tf cfrfo{ klt M s[i0fk|;fb cfrfo{ a'af M ?b|k|;fb af]x/f 7]ufgfM w'lnv]n ^, sfe|] gfd M e/t yfkf a'af M v8\saxfb'/ yfkf ;;'/f M k"0f{axfb'/ a:g]t 7]ufgfM pu|tf/f (, sfe|] gfd M ;'idf bfxfn a'af M l6sfk|;fb bfxfn afh] M OGb|dl0f bfxfn 7]ufgfM Rofl;+vs{ #, sfe|] gfd M s[i0fzf]ef dfgGw/ klt M /fhg b'jfn dfgGw/ ;;'/f M 1fgsfhL dfgGw/ 7]ufgfM ag]kf *, sfe|]knf~rf]s gfd M ljho dxh{g a'af M cfzf gf/fo0f dxh{g afh] M jfl;ª dxh{g 7]ufgfM uf]+ua' !, sf7df8f}+ gfd M led axfb'/ s];L klt M ledaxfb'/ s];L ;;'/f M g/axfb'/ clwsf/L

hdfgL lbg]sf] kmf]6f]

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3

jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ $ afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff

@)*! h]7 !( ut] zlgjf/ ag]kf kf6L{ e]Go"df x'g uO/x]sf] sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] $@ cf}+ clwj]zgdf cWoIf kbsf pDd]jf/ k|tfk j}B / pxfFsf] ;Dk"0f{ KofgnnfO{ dtbfg u/L ljhoL u/fpg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

k|tfk j}B

cWoIf

kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ $ nfO{ afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, pk–k|d'v uLtf a~hf/f, k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t /fdk|;fb cfrfo{, lgb]{zs k|0f/fh Gof}kfg], j8f gDa/ $ sf j8f cWoIf lbks bfxfn, gu/kflnsfsf afnd}qL ;Dks{ JolQm s]zj a~hf/f, sfo{kflnsf ;b:o /flwsf ljZjsdf{, j8f gDa/ $ sf j8f ;b:o k|sfz a~hf/f, ;ljtf yfkf, s'df/ a:g]t, j8f ;lrj s[i0fsfhL >]i7 nufot ljleGg j8fsf j8f cWoIf, sfo{kflnsf ;b:o, :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf, /fhgLlts bnsf k|d'v Pj+ k|ltlglw, afnd}qL ;xhstf{ nufot afnaflnsfsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ffsf] s/bkq gu/ k|d'v e08f/Ln] j8f gDa/ $ sf j8f cWoIf lbks bfxfn ;lxt hgk|ltlglw / sd{rf/LnfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf lyP . g]kfn ;/sf/ >d /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfnoaf6 hf/L ePsf] afn>dd'Qm :yfgLo tx 3f]if0ff sfo{ljlw @)&& Pj+ kgf}tL gu/kflnsfaf6 hf/L ePsf] afn>dd'Qm gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff sfo{ljlw @)*) adf]lhd k|s[ofx? k'/f u/]sfn] afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] gu/ k|d'v

e08f/Ln] atfP . e08f/Ln] afn>dd'Qm cleofgsf] lbuf]kgf /lx /xg ;sf];\ eGg] z'esfdgf ;d]t JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L pk–k|d'v lutf a~hf/fn] anaflnsfnfO{ >daf6 d'Qm u/fpg] cleofgn] ;fy{stf kfPsf] eGb} v';L JoQm u/]sL 5g\ . pgn] lbuf]kgfsf nflu cfkm'x? k|lta4 /x]sf] atfOg\ . j8f cWoIf bfxfnn] afn>dd'Qm cleofgn] ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf] eGb} v';L JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . lg/Gt/tf r'gf}tLk"0f{ /x] klg ;a}sf] k|of;n] lbuf]kgfdf ;xhtf x'g] ljZjf; JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . afnd}qL ;xhstf{ nlntf lwtfnn] j8f sfof{non] u/]sf k|of;sf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsL lyOg\ . ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu cGt/lqmof, tYof+s ;+sng, xf]6n k;n, s[lif kmd{, js{zksf] lg/Gt/ cg'udg, Ps 3/, Ps ldg]6 sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] pgn] atfOg\ . o:t} ;a} j8fjf;L, pBf]uL, Joj;foLnfO{ afn>d k|of]u gug]{ k|ltj4tfkqdf x:tfIf/ u/fOPsf] 5 . afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff sfo{qmddf afn>d k|of]u gug]{ pBf]uL Joj;foLnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ffdf ;xof]u k'of{pg]x?nfO{ k|;+;fkq4f/f ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . o:t} :jf:Yo :jo+ ; ] l jsf, ljBfyL{x?n] hgr]tgfd'ns lut, gf6s, g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

Rofd|fªa];Ldf ( s/f]8 nufgLdf dbfgL 8]/L ljsf; ltdlN;gf÷Rofd/fËa]zL a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsf j8f gDa/ ! Rofd|fªj]zLdf dbfgL 8]/L ;~rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] ljs6 If]q dflgg] Rofd|fªa];Ldf 7'nf] nufgLdf ;fd'lxs Joj;fo ;'? ul/Psf] xf] . pQm 8]/Ldf b}lgs ^ xhf/ ln6/;Dd b'w ;+sng x'G5 . clxn] ;'Vvfofddf ;d]t b}lgs $ xhf/ % ;o ln6/ b'w ;+sng x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] Rofd|fªa];L, ;'s'd, km]bL, lxn6f/, ;lxt nlntk'/ lhNnfsf] 7'nfb'n{'ª, sfn]Zj/, gdg nufotsf :yfgaf6 b'w ;+sng x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . @@ hgfn] ufpFdf g} /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ kfPsf 5g . dbfgL 8]/L pBf]un] klg/, s~rg lrh, df]h/]nf lrh, a6/, 5'kL{, l3p pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . pBf]uaf6 pTkflbt b'w nufot b'UwhGo kbfy{ sf7df08f}+ pkTosfdf a9L

vkt x'G5 . u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbgs} sf/0f pkef]Qmfsf] dg lhTg ;kmn ePsf] pBf]usf] ljZjf; 5 . pBf]uaf6 pTkflbt b'UwhGo kbfy{ ljqmLljt/0fdf s'g} ;d:of g/x]sf] ;~rfns ltdlN;gfn] atfP . pBf]un] ag]kfaf6 ;d]t b'UwhGo kbfy{ ljlqmljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbgsf sf/0f dfu a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ;fd'lxs k|of;sf sf/0f g} pBf]un] ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf] ;~rfns atfpF5g\ . a9\bf] a;fFO{;/fO{sf sf/0f ufpF g} l/lQFb} uPkl5 ;Defjgf b]vfpg] pb]Zo cg'?k 8]/L ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] ;~rfns led;]g ltdlN;gfn] atfP . lj:yflkt x'g nfu]sf] ufpFdf cfzf hufpg] sfd pBf]un] u/]sf] pgsf] j'emfO{ 5 . pgn] cfzfsf] lbof]df t]n yKg] sfd :yfgLo ;/sf/ / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfon] ulb{P cem} xf};nf ldNg] atfP . oBkL pBf]un] xfn;Dd s'g} klg lgsfoaf6 cg'bfg k|fKt u/]sf] 5}g .

r08]Zj/L ;fsf];sf] cfof]hgfdf #@ cf}+ kfd js{zk ag]kf÷r08]Zj/L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] cfof]hgfdf tyf g]kfn art tyf C0f s]lGb|o ;xsf/L ;+3 g]ˆ:s'g_ sf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf a'waf/ PS;]; afudtL k|yd ;d'xsf] #@ cf}F sfo{s'zntf tyf l;sfO{ Joj:yfkg sfo{zfnf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+:yfsf cWoIf glageQm jfb] >]i7sf] ;efktLTj / afudtL k|b]z art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+3 -k|f]:s'g_ sf cWoIf p4jk|;fb ;fksf]6fsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf uf]i7L ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;xsf/Lsf c;n cEof;x? l;Sg] l;sfpg] tyf sfo{s'zntf Joj:yfkg ub}{ hfg] p2]Zosf ;fy pQm sfo{zfnf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . uf]i7Ldf art tyf C0f sf/f]af/ ug]{ sfe|], bf]nvf,

t]dfn ufp“kflnsf kf]v/Lgf/fo0f:yfg, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

ufp“jf;Lx?df cg'/f]w – j8faf6 k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ?kd} ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfnodf k7fcf}+ .

– hGd, d[To', a;fO{;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfˆgf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /flv ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f}+ .

– ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf k|fKt ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf / sfuhft af/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf}+ .

– /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf ul/ dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f}+ .

– cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{ª ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f}+ .

– ;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps]} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}+, s'lxg] gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF .

– Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf}+ .

– s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f}+ .

– s'g} klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .

– cfw'lgs s[lif k|0ffnL ckgfO{ Joj;flos s[ifs agf}+ .

– pGgt gZnsf kz'kfng u/L :j/f]huf/L ;[hgf u/f}+ .

– wd{, ;F:s[lt, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}+, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

– ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

gjnk/f;L, dGynL / eQmk'/ lhNnfdf ;+rflnt !) j6f ;xsf/Lsf cWoIf, kbflwsf/L, k|=sf=c= nufotsf k|ltlglwx?sf] pkl:yltdf ;fsf];x?n] ub}{ cfPsf ljleGg sfo{x?, c;n cEof;x? / xfnsf] lalQo cj:yfsf] af/]df a[xt 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . cfhsf] cj:yfdf ;xsf/Ldf ;'zf;g / ;'/lIft ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] ljifodf 5nkmn s]lGb|t /x]sf] lyof] . ;+:yfdf ;'zf;g / lbuf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu uf]li7 dfkm{t !& j6f lg0f{ox? u/]/ 5nkmn ;dfKt ul/Psf] r08]Zj/L ;fsf];sf cwoIf gljgeQm afb]n] atfpg' eof] . sfoq{mdsf] ;xhLs/0f gˆ]:sg'sf al/i7 sfoq{md clwst[ kd]| gfy jfUnn ] ] uge'{ Psf] lyof] . ;dfkg sfoq{md gˆ]:sg'sf cWoIf rGb| k;|fb 9sfnsf] ;dt] pkl:ylt /xs ] f] lyof] .

Aofrn/ Og k|f]km];gn xl:k6fln6L t]>f] txsf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ cled'lvs/0f ag]kf÷sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ag]kfdf /x]sf] Un]l;o/ Ph's]zgn kmfpG8]zgdf cWoog/t t]>f] txsf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnodf Aofrn/ Og k|f]km];gn xl:k6fln6L sfo{qmdsf af/]df cled'vLs/0f ul/Psf] 5 . cled'vLs/0f sfo{qmd sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt k|fWofks 8f= ef]nf yfkfn] z'? u/]sf lyP . …b]zsf ljZjljBfno leq eO/x]sf ultljlw / ljBfyL{x? ljb]lzg] qmd lsg /f]Sg ;lsPg <Ú– pks'nklt yfkfn] eg]–…Psn] csf{]nfO{ bf]if lbP/ pDsg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . g]kfndf u'0f:t/Lo lzIff lbg] ljZjd} lrlgPsf] sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfno h:tf y'k|} z}lIfs ;+:yf x'Fbf x'Fb} ljBfyL{ knfog lsg eO/x]sf 5g\ <Ú …of] lhDd]jf/L s'g} Pp6f ;+:yf / JolQmsf] dfq} xf]O{gÚ– pgn] eg]– …;a} lhDd]jf/ aGg ;lsPg eg] xfdL w]/} kl5 kg{]5f}F .Ú …g]kfnsf] eljio 5 . g]kfndf eljio 5 . b]zsf] d'xf/ km]g{] xfd|f] lhDd]jf/L / bfloTj 5Ú–sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt k|fWofks 8f=ef]nf yfkfn] eg] –…;+;f/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtfsf ljBfyL{x? sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnon] pTkfbg ul//x]sf] 5 .Ú ag]kfdf /x]sf] Un]l;o/ Ph's]zgn kmfpG8]zgn] pTkfbg u/]sf ljBfyL{x?af6 ToxL ck]Iff ul/Psf] pks'nklt 8f=yfkfn] atfP .

To;sf cnfjf sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnon] cGo If]qsf ljBfnox?df ;d]t pQm sfo{qmddf sf7df8f} F ljZjljBfnosf /lh:6« f / k|f=8f=cRo't jfUn]n] sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnon] l;k;Fu} lzIff eGg] cleofgsf ;fy x/]s sfo{qmdx?nfO{ Jojxfl/s lzIff;Fu} hf]l8/x]sf]

atfP . g]kfndf ko{6gsf] ;Defjgf / ko{6gs} dfWodaf6 d'n'ssf] ljsf; ;Dej ePsfn] Aofrn/ Og k|f]km];gn xl:k6fln6L sfo{qmdnfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpg' kg{] atfP . pTkflbt ljBfyL{ g]kfndf dfq} geO{ ljZjsf h'g;'s} b]zdf ;d]t cj;/ k|fKt ug{] ePsfn] d]xgt ug{ ljBfy{Lx?nfO{ /lh:6«f/ jfUn]n] cg'/f]w u/] . xf]6n Aoj;fox? km:6fpbF} uP klg ko{6sLo gu/L w'lnv]n tyf cf;kf;sf If]qdf :gfts tx plt{0f u/]sf] hgzlQm cfjZos xb'Ff yk lzIff cfh{g ug{ /fhwfgL hfg' kg{] afWotfsf] cGTo ug{ tyf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;xh / ;'ne lzIff k|bfg ug{ sf7df8f}F laZjlaBfnosf] :jLs[t z}lIfs sfo{qmd cGtu{t /xL Un]l;o/ Ph's]zgn kmfpG8]zgn] z}lIfs ;q @)@!÷@)@@ b]vL Aofrn/ Og k|f]km];gn xl:k6fln6L sfo{qmd ;'? u/]sf] yfkfn] atfP . …bIf hgzlQm cefjsf sf/0f ko{6g If]qdf ePsf] ;d:ofnfO{ yf]/} eP klg ;dfwfg ug{ ;xh xf]; eGg] p2]Zon] Aofrn/ Og k|f]km];gn xl:k6fln6L sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] xf]Ú –lk|lG;kn >LdtL OGb' yfkfn] elgg– …of] sfo{qmdn] o"jfx?nfO{ :j/f]huf/ / cfTdlge{/ agfpg sf];]9'+uf ;flat u/fpg] ljZjf; lnPsf 5f}F .Ú k|of]ufTds ljifo ePsfn] :jb]z, ljb]z jf s'g} klg :yfgdf /x]/ cfTdlge{/ aGg d2t k'Ug] xb'Ff o"jfx?sf] o; If]qdf cfs{if0f a9]sf] 5 . rf/ aif{] sf]if{ k'/f u?Gh]n laBfyL{x?n] k|of]ufTds sIffdf sfd ub{f cfpg] /sdnfO{ hf]ufpbF} ljBfno / ljZjljBfno ltg{] z'Ns lgs} sd x'g k'U5 . sfo{qmddf ?k]z >]i7, s';dsf cfzf yfkf du/, ljBfyL{ ;Gb]z a'9fyf]sL, nufotn] sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnosf] ;fem]bf/Ldf ;'? ul/Psf] Aofrn/ Og k|f]km];gn xl:k6fln6L sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L ePsfn] ljBfy{Lx?nfO{ lzIff;uF} l;k / cj;/ k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] atfP .

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motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

ofqfdf e]l6PsL ;a} u'0f ;DkGg lt gf/L clxn] t w]/} sd dfqfdf lx8\5g /fqLa;x? . 5f]6f b'/Ldf rNg] ;jf/L ;fwg, ;8s dfu{ / xjfO{ dfu{ rNg yfn] . t/ klg g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns ljs6tfdf cem} klg /fqL a; r9\g'sf] ljsNk 5}g . w]/} lx;fan] l7s elgP klg b'3{6gfsf hf]lvdx? pltSs} 5g\ .

Tolx a;df ofqf ubf{sf cg]sg 36gfx? eP . cg]sg ofbx? eP . t/ Tolx Ps lbgsf] 36gfn] dnfO{ af/af/ ;tfO{ /x]sf] 5 . ;]tf bGtnx/x? lkmFhfO{ c6n ?kdf /x]sf cUnf cUnf r'r'/fsf] sfvdf xl/of] jghËnn] 3]l/Psf 7'N7'nf kxf8af6 jxlsPsf] e]ifdf ;'O{;'O{ ;':sfpb} au]sf] snsn em/gfsf] ;fy lbO{ /x]sL, ToxL xl/of 8Dd kxf8sf] 6'Kkf]af6 s'x's'x' cfjfh lgsfnL /x]sL sf]O{nL r/L, l;l/l;l/ atf;sf] j]u ;Fu}sf] Tof] k|fs[ltsf] pkdf leq x/]s psfnL cf]/fnL 8fF8f sfF8f e~Hofª rf}tf/L clg x/]s 3'DtLdf kg{], ;dy/ v]tsf nxnx em'n]sf wfgsf] afnf em+} xfdL klg /fqL a;sf] ofqfdf em'ld/x]sf lyof}+ . xl/ofnL kxf8df /fh u/]sf] lr;f] atf; ;Fu} a9fl/Fb}, ;':sfpFb} au]sf] gbL;Fu ldt]/L nfpFb} ofqf cufl8 a9fO{ /x]sf lyof}+ . k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfn] el/k"0f{ xfd|f] b]z oftfoft ;'ljwfsf] nflu cUnf cUnf sfnf kxf8 vf]k]/ t 7'N7'nf vf]r F k'/]/ psfnL cf]/fnL gbLsf] lsgf/} lsgf/ clg wfgsf] afnf nxnx em'ln/x]sf] v]tsf] larlardf sfnf]kq] ;8s x'Fb} cufl8 al9/x]sf] lyof] ofqf . x/]s ufpF a:tL / zx/sf] klg /fd|f] cjnf]sg ug{] df}sf ldln/x]sf] lyof] . ljleGg 7fps F f dlxnf, k'?if, afns, a[4, cflb JolQmx? ;+uF sf] xft]dfnf]df ofqf cem /f]rs / /f}gs ag]sf] lyof] . cf–cfˆgf uGtJosf] Wofgdf nLg ofqLx? dWo] d]/f] gh/ cfkm' al;/x]sf] l;6 b]vL bfoftFkm{ cuf8L al9/x]sf] lyof] . pgL dlxnf lyOg\ . :jefljs g} xf]nf . km/s lnËk|lt AolQmsf] cfsif{0f . pd]/ cGbfh @% b]vL #) b]lvGYof] . d]/f] cfˆg} leqL lhls/ lyof], Ps dlxnfdf x'g'kg{] u'0fdf kf]Vt lyO{g pgL . nrsbf/ z/L/ nfdf] skfndf /ftf] nf5fnL af6]sL skfnsf] uf7Ff] kfl/Psf] eGbf s]lx dfyL dvdnL km"n l;pl/PsL, xftel/ /ftf r'/f 5lGs/x]sf clg xTs]nfdf d]xGbLaf6 ag]sf] ljleGg ;hfj6L cfs[lt x/]s cf}+nfsf] gªdf u'nfaL /ªn] kf]t]sL, dvdnL rf]nf] clg k6'sL v'§fdf kfph' Pp6f cf+}nfdf t rfbFLsf cf}+7L, d la:tf/} cg'xf/lt/ 3'Dg yfn] . uf]nf] ux'Fuf]/f] cg'xf/df

cfFvL ef}+ ldnfPsL lgwf/df /ftf] l6sf sfgdf df8'nL gfsdf tLgkft] km'nL em'G8fPsL, cf]7df lnlkl:6s :ofp h:tf ufnf, unfdf gf} u]8L dfnf . d pgnfO{ x]l/ /x] . d]/f] Psgf;sf] x]/fO{n] pgnfO{ cK7\of/f] nfu]5 Sof/ pgL otf plt kmls{ /xlGyg\ . PsfO{;f}+ ztfAbLdf cfˆgf] kl/jf/ b]vL ufpF 6f]n ahf/ htftt} dlxnfn] nufpg] kf]zfs eGbf km/s kf]zfsdf pgL lyO{g\ . pgL g]kfn ;F:s[lts} 5f]/L lyOg\, pgdf xfd|f] wd{ ;+:s[lt rfnrng /Lltl/jfh emlNs/x]sf] lyof] . of] hdfgfdf gf/Lx?sf] nfuL t pgL kSs} klg b'ZdgL lyOg\, dnfO{ ;a} s'/f dg k¥of] . pgL;+Fu s]lx s'/f vf]Ng dg nfUof] . d}n] kl/ro lbg cfu|x u/] . jf:tjdf sf]O{nLsf] :j/df cfˆgf] kl/ro lbOg\ pgn] . kl/ro;Fu} pgsf] af/]df clg pgsf] kl/jf/sf] af/]df ;lxt d]/f] af/]df / ukm;Fu} pgn] nufPsf] kf]zfssf] af/]df s]lx a]/ ulkmof}+ . t/ d}n] of] k|Zg ul/gF . ltdL lsg of] kf]zfs nufpb} 5f}, cfhsf gf/Lx?sf] kf]zfssf] t'ngfdf < dgdf g} /fv] . ukms} qmddf pgn] t'?Gt k|Zg ul/g\ tkfO{n] lsg of] 6Dd ldn]sf] z/L/df 5fq] 6f]kL, sfgdf l/ª 3fF6Ldf l;qmL ljleGg cfs[ltdf s'FlbPsf z/L/ RofltPsf kfO{G6 nfdf–nfdf h'Qf clg l6–z6{ dfly klg 6fO{ < pgsf] k|Zg ;lsg gkfpb} d hjfkm lbg xtf/ eP . of] g} d]/f] PsfO{;f}+ ztfAbLsf] dfu cg';f/sf] 8«]; xf] . o;sf] ;§f d}n] ebufFpn] 6f]kL, bf}/f ;'?jfn, O{i6sf]6, sDd/df k6'sL leq v's'/L Ps ;Rrf g]kfnL uf]v{] l76f] elg lrgfpg d}n] grfx]sf] eg] xf]O{g . t/ cfhsf gf/L of k'?if ;dfhdf ;F:s[lt emlNsg] kf]zfs xf]O{g cfwL z/L/ b]lvg] kf/bzL{ sk8f dg k/fpF5g\ . ;+:s[lt emlNsg] kf]zfsdf ePsf JolQmnfO{ t oxfF kfv] ufFpn] k'/fgf] dfG5] cfbL cfbL ;'Gg'k5{ . clg d]/f] of] pd]/ ;fFlRrs} pd]/s} lx;fan] klg d x/]s of}jg pd]/sL gf/Lx?k|lt cslif{t x'g / o'jtLx? d k|lt cfslif{t x'g . c? w]/} s'/f eg]+ . d l7s 5' eGg] b]vfpg pgnfO{ eGg s]lx afFsL /flvgF . hjfgLsf d:t /Ëx? ;f6f–;f6 ug{ h'ga]nf xfd|f k'vf{x? /f]wL+ ufpFy] d]nfkftdf dfof lk/tLsf efsf af]Ny], t/ xfdL clxn] 8fG; l8:sf] rf]s rf]sdf v'n]cfd dfof ;6\5f} . k'/fgf s'/f / gofF s'/fsf /fd|f g/fd|f kIfx?df ulkmFb} xfdLn] ofqf cl3 a9fO{/x]sf lyof}+ . ukmufkmdf lng xfdL ;do lat]sf] kQf] kfPg 5f} . /ftsf] sl/a !! alh;s]sf] lyof] . ofq'x? ;a} lgG›fb]jLsf] c+ufnf]df lhGbuLsf ;'gf}nf eljiox?sf] sfNklgs ;+;f/df d:t lyP t/ pgL / d ukmdf Jo:t lyof}+ . crfgs uf8L /f]lsof] . lgG›faf6 pl5l§b} ;a}hgf xNnf vNnf ug{ yfNof} . xfdL t 3gf hËnsf] lardf /f]lsP5f}+ . ;a} ofq'x? lsg / s;/L h:tf k|Zg p7fpb} Tof] 3gf hËn dWo /ftsf] ;dodf cfjfh p7fpg vf]Hof}+ . Tof] k6\of/

nfUbf] ;'g;fg 3gfhËnsf] lardf cfjfh ;'lglbg] sf]xL lyPg . olb lbpF;f]sf] ;do x'Fbf] xf] t Tof] 7'nf] 3gf hËndf r/Lx?sf] lrla{/ cfjfh, sf]O{nLsf] ;'dw'/ :j/, 9sdSs nfnLu'/fF; km"n, snsn em/gfsf] ;':s]/f, lr;f] lr;f] xfjf clg c6n cUnf lxdfnsf] b[Zofjnf]sg x'GYof] xf]nf . k|fs[lts 56fn] el/k'0f{ Tof] hËn To:f\ avt Psbd} cGwsf/ leq klg df}g lyof] . lg:k§ lyof] . xfdL h:t} xhf/f}+ ofq'x? ;8sdf cnkq e} xf]–xNnfdf lyP / klg Tof] hËn ;'g;fg lyof] . k|fs[lts 56fsf ;xofqL xfdL g]kfnL bfh'efO{ nTofpb} lyof}+ . 9sdSs nfnLu'/fF; km"nsf] au}+rfdf /utsf] em/gf aufO{/x]sf lyP . s'x's'x' sf]O{nLsf] gfd lgzfgf d]6fO{ uf]nf, aGb's / af?bsf] cfjfh 3GsfpFb} lyP . xl/of] jg g]kfnsf] wg t/ uf]nf, af?baf6 lgl:sPsf] cfuf] ;lNsb} lyof] . /f]wL+ a:b} dfof ;f6\b} bfp/f 3fF; uf]7fnf ug{ uPsf hf]8LnfO{ kl/jt{gsf] cleofgdf hËnaf6 g} a]kQf agfO{b} lyP . x/]s cfdfsf] sfv l/QfpFb} lyP . ;'Gb/ eljiosf] /lËg ;kgf a'g]/ 3/ b]lv 6fl9Psf xfd|f bfh' efO{sf lhjg ;lËgLx?sf] l;pFbf] phfl8b} lyof] . xTof, ckx/0f, ad, uf]nL, aGb, df/lk6, anfTsf/, zf]if0f h:tf h3Go ck/fw ;fdfGo / b}lgs sfo{ h:tf] e}O/x]sf] lyof] . t/ cflv/L lzsf/ xfdL h:tf ;f]emf l;wf hgtf lyof}+ . To; lbgklg c1ft ;d'xn] Ps ofq' jfxs uf8Ldf ad la:kmf]6 u/fP5g\ . ;of}+sf] xf/fxf/Ldf ;f]emf l;wf hgtf xtfxt eP . sf]lxsf] lgwg eof] . sf]lx 3fO{t] eP . sf]lx ckfË eP . To;}sf] lj/f]wdf cuf8L aGb lyof] . la:tf/} xhf/f}+ ofq''x?sf] nfO{g nfUof] . ofqfdf lztn xfjf kl:s/x]sf] Tof] hËn crfgs ps'; d's';sf] tftf] / b'u{lGwt xfjf lnP/ cfof] . udL{n] ubf{ ;a} ofq'x? ;8sdf plqFb} nfvfkfvf eP . nfdf] ;do;Dd ukmdf Jo:t lt dlxnf tftf] xfjfsf] sf/0f ps'; d's'; t eOg\ t/ uf8Laf6 lgSng] cfF6 ul/gF . ;a}h;f] ofq' aflxl/Psf lyP . d}n] pgnfO{ alx/ hfpF eg] t/ pgL dflggg\ . ToxfF Pshgf bfh' klg x'g'x'G5 . e}uf] oxL a;f}+ . hlt d}n] pgsf] k|z+;f u/]sf] lyP / pgsf] x/]s s'/faf6 k|efljt lyP . pgn] Ps bfh' klg x'Gx'G5, d oxL a:5', tkfO{ hfg] eP hfgf]:f\ eg] kl5 d crfgs kl/jt{g eP / pgL k|lt gsf/fTds ePF . d t hfG5' of] udL{df uf8Ldf a:g ;lSbg\ . d aflxl/P . ;8sdf g} /ft laTof] . laxfgLsf] ldld{/] cfudg x'g yfNof], ;'gf}nf ;'o{sf ls/0fn] wtL{df cfˆgf] /fh a;fO{ ;Sof], la:tf/} ofq'?sf] le8 clg xNnfvNnf 5fof] . ofq'x? g} hah{:tL uf8L u'8fpg yfn], ofq'x?sf] Tof] lsl;dsf] ;fx;n] sl/a % 306f kl5 ofqf cuf8L a9\of] . ofqf cuf8L al9/x]s} lyof] . sl/j # 3G6f kZrft km]/L uf8L /f]lsof] . uf8L cufl8 a9\g ;s]g . cf–cfˆgf] uGtJodf ;dodf g} k'Ug gkfPsf] s/0f lrlGtt ofq'x? km]l/ klg cfqmf]z kf]Vg yfn] .

ljkmn eP lsgsL a]n'sf c1ft JolQmx?af6 ;8s aGb ul/Psf] lyof] eg] To:fa]nf ;/sf/ kIfaf6 aGb lyof] . c1ft JolQmx?sf] vf]hLsf nfuL oftoft aGb u/]sf] s'/f cfPsf] lyof] . x/]s ofq'x? cf–cfˆgf] sfd lnP/ lx+8]sf x'G5g\, l;ldt ;dosf] nfuL t/ xfd|f] b]zdf u'l8/x]sf] uf8L crfgs /f]lsG5, clg elgG5 @ lbg # lbg $ lbg aGb . hgtfsf] ;]jfdf vl6Psf lt cfdL{ k|x/L klg pN6} aGbaf6 larlnt eO{ ;8sdf plqPsf ofq'x? dfly cGwfw'Gw df/lk6 ul//x]sf lyP . t/klg ofq'x? k|x/LnfO{ bafa lbO{ cfˆgf] uGtJo lt/ nfUgsf] nfuL x/ k|of; ul//x]sf lyP . uf8Ldf lyof} xfdL tLg hgf dfq} . d, pgL / lxhf] a]n'sf h'g dfG5]nfO{ d z+sf ul//x]sf] lyP plx . jf:tjdf pm b[li6ljlxg /x]5 . p;nfO{ hf8f], udL{, xNnfvNnf yfxf 5 t/ s] eO{/x]sf] 5 b]Vg ;Sb}g To;}n] pm uf8Laf6 hxfF kof] ToxLF hfg klg ;Sb}g . nueu laxfgsf] vfgf vfg] ;do eof] . t/ xfdL zx/ b]lv s]xL b'/L 6f9f lyof}+ . ;a} ofq'x? lx+8]/ eP klg vfgf vfgsf] nfuL xf]6n lt/ cuf8L al9/x]sf lyP . To;f] t dnfO{ klg ef]s nflu/x]sf] lyof] . xf]6n hfg] t/v/df lyP, d}n] lt dlxnfnfO{ ;+u} vfgf vfg hfg cfu|x u/] pgn] s]xL l5g kl5 hfpFnf elgg\, d eg] ef]s nfu]sf] 5 uP x} eGb} xf]6n lt/ nfu] . d klg 6f9f k'lu;s]sf] lyP k5f8L kms{] . h;/L d km'?Ss km's{]/ PSn} cfPsf] lyP t/ lt dlxnf PSn} cfO{gg\ uf8Ldf xfdL ;+Fu} ofqf ug{] lt b[li6 lalxg bfh'nfO{ klg lnP/ cfO{g\ . uf8Laf6 cf]n{bf xf]; o xf]6n;Dd cfO{k'Ug xf]; pgn] w]/} ;xof]u ub{} NofO{g\ .

Ps xftn] Tof] bfh'nfO{ 8f]¥ofpFb} t Ps xftn] cfˆgf] clg pxL bfh'sf] ;fdfg em'G8fpb} xf]6n;Dd cfO{ vfgf vfFbf lsg gxf];\ pgn] w]/} ;xof]u ul/g\ . ;fob o:tf] dfof, df]x / ddtf cfˆgf] kl/jf/df dfq l;ldt x'G5 . ofqf g xf] p;nfO{ lbzf lk;fa nfu]5 lt dlxnfnfO{ 7'nf] ;+s6 k/]5 . ofqfs} qmddf lrghfg clg ukmufkm eP/} xf]nf dnfO{ rlk{;Dd nlulbg cg'/f]w ul/g\ . jf:tjdf pgsf] cg'/f]w eGbf klxn] d}n] ;f]Rg kg{] s'/f xf] t/ klg d pgsf] cfu|x :jLsfb}{ p;nfO{ rlk{ nu]/ NofO{ lbPF . xf]6nb]lv uf8L ;Dd cfpg eg] pgn] g} ;xof]u ul/g\ . nfdf] kvf{O{ kl5 a]n'sf % ah] uf8Lx? km6fkm6 5'6\g yfn], xfdLn] klg ofqf cfuf8L a9fof}+ . sl/a /ftsf] gf} ah] lt/ xfdL 7'nf] la;f}gLdf k'u]5f} . Tof] a;af6 cf]n{]/ xfdL csf{] a; r9\g' kb{Yof] . clg lt dlxnf klg ToxL la;f}lgdf cf]ln{g yflng\ s]xL afFsL ofq'x? / lt b[li6 lalxg bfh'sf] ofqf eg] ;f]xL uf8Ldf afFsL lyof] . pgL p;Fu 5'6\g ufXf] dflgg\ t/ klg 5'l6g\ . p;sf] uf8L u'8\of] . xfdL eg] csf{] uf8L gcfpGh]n lrofkfg ug{ k:of}+ . pgn] 7'nf] lrGtf ePsf] ;'gfO{g . cem Tof] dfG5]sf] ofqf ^ 306f eGbf a9L / Tof] ;do leq p;nfO{ x/]s cfkt\ ljkt\ clg km]/L b]zsf] kl/l:ytLn] x/]s Ps Ps

;Gtf]if bfxfn pkfWoIfdf /fhf/fd 3f]/;fOg], ;lrj ;'Gb/ uf}td pk ;lrj ;/f]h dfgGw/ To;}ul/ ;b:ox?df k|df]b s'df/ sfkm\n], ?k]z ltdlN;gf, cldt k/fh'nL nfO{ rog u/]sf] 5 . sfo{ q mddf lgd{ n lqkf7L, ;fu/ /fodflem nufotsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .

;xsf/L tyf a}s If]qsf sd{rf/Lsf] dgf]an pRr /fVg o'lgog u7g ul/Psf] hfgsf/L cWoIf ;Gtf]if bfxfn lbg'eof] . a}+s tyf ljlQo ;+:yf, ladf nufotsf sd{rf/L xs lxtsf ljifodf ca ;zQm ?kdf cuf8L a9\g] dfq geO{ cfly{s dlGbsf] c;/ tNnf] txsf sd{rf/L nufot ;a}df k/]sf]n]

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ldg] 6 df ablng] kl/l:ylt . aGb x8tfnsf] lzsf/, ofqfdf vfgf, kfgL, lbzf–lk;fa w]/} ;f]Rg yflng\ . d}n] pgnfO{ ;DemfpFb} lrofkfg ;Sof} . uf8L cfpg] lalQs} pgL 5'6\g vf]hLg\ t/ dnfO{ pgL cem al;lbP clg ukm ukm ul/ lbP x'GYof] h:tf] nfUof] t/ ;do cfˆgf] ultdf lyof] . d ;donfO{ g /f]Sg ;Sy] g 5]Sg g} . p;+Fu hlt 5'6\g ufx|f] ePsf] lyof] Tolt g} d;+Fu ;lhn} 5'l6gF . pgL uP kl5 d}n] pgsf af/]df w]/} ;f]r] / gf/L dxfgtf ufpg yfn] . ;fFRr} gf/L wlt{dftf x'g\, gf/L ;xglzn x'lG5g\ . c?sf] nfuL cfkm' ;'lDkg klg tof/ x'lG5g\ . ;fob To;kl5 slxNo} d}n] pgnfO{ e]6 ug{ ;lsgF . clxn] h:tf] kmf]g lyPg . ;xh cj:yf lyPg . lt sxfF xf]lng\ . s:tf] cj:yfdf xf]lng\ . ;fdflhs ;+hfnsf] ljsf;df klg pgL e]6\g ;lsPsf] 5}g . d'n'ssf] kl/l:ylt klg /fd|f] eof] . t/ klg pgnfO{ e]6\g ;lsPsf] 5}g . t/ klg hLjgdf e]l6Psf sog ofqLx?, sog ofbx? dWo] Tof] lbg, Tof] If0f / Tof] 36gfqmd slxNo} lj;{g ;lSbgF . d cfh klg To:t} gf/L vf]lh/x]sf] 5' . sxfF l5g lt gf/L <

;xh Gof}kfg] xfnM sf7df8f}+ -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]n'sf * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

rGrn dg g} c;Gt'li6 / lrGtfsf] c;nL sf/0f lg/Gt/tfsf] Wofgn] ug{] /x]5 of] ;d:ofsf] lgjf/0f, xNsf cfFvf aGb u/L dgnfO{ vfnL vfnL agfpFb}, ;'xfpFbf] cf;gdf Zjf; / k|Zjf;;Fu no ldnfpFb}, dgdf lglj{rf/ / Psfu|tfnfO{ ;dftL a9\bf cufl8, of] g} c;n cEof; xf] lrQj[lQnfO{ ;w}+ kfg{] k5fl8, aGb gogsf] b[li6nfO{ :j–cf1frqmdf l6sfO{ /fVbf, cnf}lss cfgGbsf] cg'e"lt x'g] /x]5 Wofgaf6 p7\bf, lbge/L :km"lt{ ;lxtsf] agfpF5 a|Dxd'xt{sf] of] Wofg, lg/fzf / cfn:okg x6fO{ ;lqmo agfpg] /x]5 Hofg, cfFvf lrDn]/ Wofg ubf{ dgleq lbJo pHofnf] emndn, k/dfgGbsf] cg'e"lt x'G5 /f]lsG5 xfd|f] dgsf] ;nan, ;r]tgf k"j{s xNnfvNnfdf klg rsdGgtfdf /dfO{, ug{] ubf{ Wofgsf] lqmof df}gtfsf] efjnfO{ lgTo ;dfO{, Wofg g} /x]5 oxfF d'naf6f] xfd|f] lrQj[lQsf] ug{] lg/f]w, o;}af6 x6\g] /x]5 xfdL ;a}sf] tg clg dgsf] cj/f]w, of]ufzg k|f0ffofd / WofgnfO{ ;a}n] lbgrof{ agfcf}+, cfkm" v'zL xf]cf}+ clg hut}nfO{ klg v'zL aGg ;3fcf}+ a|Dxd'x't{sf] lgTo of]u k|f0ffofd / of] Wofgsf] cEof;n], cfgGbsf] cg'e"lt lbg] /x]5 ;fwgf u/L nfe lncf}+ ;a}n], o;}n] g} d'nfwf/ nufotsf ;ft}rqmnfO{ hfu?s agfpF5, clg kf] t dfG5] x/]s sd{ ubf{ d}n] cj;/ kfPF elg /dfpF5 ;a} h'6f} lrQj[lQ lg/f]wdf pkof]uL of]u Wofgsf] ;fwgfdf, s]lx cWoflTds efj klg cfpg ;S5 of]ufEof;sf] jfxgdf, x/]s lbg gofF hLjg kfPsf] 7fGb} k/dfTdfk|ltsf] cg'u|xefj, /fVg k|]l/t u5{ o;}n] / ;a}k|lt klg cGt/dgb]lv ;b\efj . ef]nf s]=;L= ag]kf, a'8f]n

sf]/f]gfaf6 aRg clgjfo{ ?kdf dfS; nufpg] u/f}+ . :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]

w'lnv]n # df l;nfO{ s6fO{

sfe|]df a}+s tyf ljlQo ;xsf/L o'lgog u7g ag] k f÷a} + s tyf ljlQo ;xsf/L o'lgog u7g ul/Psf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljlQo ;xsf/L o'lgog s]lG›o dxf;lrj e} / j >] i 7sf] k| d ' v cfltYotfdf ut cfOtaf/ sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm e]nfn] a}+s tyf ljlQo ;xsf/L o'lgog sfe|]sf] cWoIfdf

p;+Fu hlt 5'6\g ufx|f] ePsf] lyof] Tolt g} d;+Fu ;lhn} 5'l6gF. pgL uP kl5 d}n] pgsf af/]df w]/} ;f]r] / gf/L dxfgtf ufpg yfn]. ;fFRr} gf/L wlt{dftf x'g\, gf/L ;xgzLn x'lG5g\. c?sf] nfuL cfkm' ;'lDkg klg tof/ x'lG5g\. ;fob To;kl5 slxNo} d}n] pgnfO{ e]6 ug{ ;lsgF.

sljtf sljtf lrQj[lQsf] lg/f]w

of] ;dodf sd{rf/Lsf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ca r' g f} t Lsf] ?kdf b] l vPsf] atfO{Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;a} txsf sd{rf/LnfO{ hf]l8P/ ;fdflhs Gofosf] cleofgdf uf] n a4 x' g cfXjfg gjlgj{flrt pkfWoIf /fhf/fd 3f]/;fOg]n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf cGt{ut /x]sf] dlxnf kl/ifb\sf] ;xof]u tyf j8f gDj/ # sf] cfof]hgfdf j8f gDj/ # sf a]/f]huf/ !% hgf dlxnfx?nfO{ l;nfO{ s6fO{ ;DjGwL $% lbg] cfwf/e't tflnd z'ef/De ul/Psf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] tflndsf] z'ef/De ub{} dlxnf kl/ifb tyf cGo kl/ifb\ x ?af6 x/] s a] / f] h uf/

gful/sx?nfO{ l;k pknAw u/fO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg] k|oTg ul/Psf] atfP . sfo{qmddf j8f cWoIf u0f]z cfrfo{n] j8fsf gful/sx?nfO{ l;k l;sfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg l;nfO{ s6fO{ tflnd k| f /De ul/Psf] atfP . l;k l;s]sfx?nfO{ Aoj;foLs hLjgdf ;lqmo /xg cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . $% lbg] tflndsf nflu k|lzIfs nhgf tvfFIf] >]i7n] k|lzIf0f lbg] l5g\ .

;ftfsf] /flzkmn -@)*! h]7 !&–@#_ ;fKtflxs k~rf· d]if

l;+x

wg'

@) ut] ck/f PsfbzL .

cfh ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'g]5, !*–@) ut];Dd lrQdf r+rntf ;fy} k]6df ljsf/ cfpnfg\, afFsL lbgdf zq'efj ldqdf kl/0ft ;fy} cfo a9\g]5 . dGq M ç u+ u0fkto gdM . ;ftfsf] dWo !*–@) ut];Dd df]6f] wg/fzL vr{ xf]nf, afFsL lbgx?df /f]uaf6 d'lQm, pkxf/ cflb j:t' k|flKt ;fy} wg cfudgsf] gofF af6f] j[l4 xf]nf . dGq M ç /fdfo gd M. ;ftfsf] dWo !*–@) ut];Dd vr{ j[l4 ;fy} ckh; ;xg'knf{, afFsL lbgdf sfo{df ;kmntf, z/L/df lg/f]lutf k|flKt, efUof]bosf] ;do ;fy} sd{ k|flKt x'g]5 . dGqM ç gju|xEof] gd M.

j[if

sGof

ds/

!&–@) ut;]Dd ;do ze ' /xs ] fn] bfhe ' fOa{f6 ;v ' kf|lKt ;fy} cfsl:ds wgnfe xg'5], @!–@@ ut;]Dd ;dfhdf ckdfgsf] eo /xnf, aw'af/ k9fOd{f ?lr a9n\f . dGq M ç pdfdxZ]j/fo gd M. !&–@) ut];Dd k"/} /fHoaf6 ;'v nfe, Jofkf/af6 dg1 wg k|flKt xf]nf, @!–@@ ut];Dd dfgl;s lrGtf j[l4 xf]nf, clGtd lbg ;dfhdf gofF JolQmTj k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç qmL+ sfNo} gd M.

!&–@) ut];Dd 3/df ;'v zflGt, ld7fld7f k|]djftf{ nfe, jfxg ;'v k|flKt xf]nf, @!–@@ ut];Dd dfgl;s tyf zfl//Ls kL8f ;xg'knf{, a'waf/ efUo pbo x'g]5 . dGq M ç x|L+ gd M.

ldy'g

t'nf

s'De

!&–@@ ut];Dd df]6f] wg/fzL k|flKt, dfg ;Ddfg k|flKt ;fy} af]nLsf] k|efj a9\gfn] sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]5, a'waf/ eg] lgb|fdf c;'ljwf cfpg ;Snf . dGq M ç z+ zq'bdgfo km6\ M.

cfh ;do gs/fTds /x]sf] ss{6 x'Fbf dgdf lvGgtf af]w xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf cw'/f sfo{df ;kmntf, ldi7fGg ef]hg k|flKt ;fy} aGw'sf] ;xof]u k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç b'+ b'uf{o gdM.

cfh em'6f cf/f]ksf] ;fy} vr{ !&–@@ ut];Dd ;do cfkm\gf] cg's"ndf, ldqaf6 ;xof]u k|flKt, OlR5t j[lZrs j[l4 xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf hflu/df k|df]zg, dgdf k|zGgtf, df+ulns sfo{df sfo{ l;l4, u'?ju{af6 s[kf k|flKt xf]nf, ;xeflutf k|flKt, a}+s Aofn]G; j[l4 xf]nf . a'waf/ rflxF rf]6k6ssf] eo /xFbf ;ts{ dGq M ç e+ e+ e}/jfo gdM . /xg'xf]nf . dGq M ç gd lzjfo M. !&–@@ ut];Dd cWoog cWofkgdf ?lr jl[4, Jofkf/df nfe ;fy} z/L/df lg/fu]L /xnf, aw'af/ ;do gs/fTds xbF'f /fu] ;fy} zq' klg jl[4 xfn]fg\ . dGq M ç qml+ Jofkf/ a4[o] qmL+ km6\ M .

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

dLg

cfh g/fdf|] ;kgfsf] ;fy} cfkmGt;uF dgd6'fj xfn]f, afs F Lsf] lbgdf ;Gtltaf6 ;v ' kf|lKt, dfg kb PZ]jo{ jl[4, ofqfaf6 nfe ;fy} 3/df a6s ' sf] cfudg xfn ] f . dGq M ç lx/0o?kfo gd M.

!)

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s #) @)*! h]7 !& ut] ljxLjf/

sfe]| pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3

s[i0f k|;fb c:ktfn

sfe|]sf]

rf/bf]af6f], ag]kf

jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DaGwL ;'rgf

;:tf] / e/kbf{] pkrf/sf] nflu

o; ;+3sf] $@ cf} jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef tyf clwj]zg pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqL dfggLo bfdf]b/ e08f/Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf lgDg ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf x'g] ePsf]n] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o dxfg'efjx?nfO{ pkl:yltsf nfuL xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

xfd|f ;]jfx? M 48fS6/ pknAw ljxfg & ah]b]lv a]n'sf & ah];Dd .

48fS6/ e'if0f >]i7 ljxfg !! ah]b]lv lbpF;f] @ ah];Dd .

4:qL /f]u ljz]if1 lbpF;f] !@ ah]b]lv ! ah];Dd .

4xf8 hf]gL{ ljz]if1 lbpF;f] !@ ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4afn/f]u ljz]if1 x/]s lbg a]n'sf % ah] / zlgjf/ ljxfg !) ah]b]lv % ah];Dd .

4gfs sfg 3fF6L lbpF;f] ! ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4dfgl;s /f]u ljz]if1 dlxgfsf] bf]>f] zlgjf/ lbpF;f] @ ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4lel8of] PS; /] (Ultra Sound) ljxfg !!M#) ah]b]lv lbpF;f] $ ah] ;Dd .

4lgMz'Ns ;'u/ hfFr x/]s dlxgfsf] ! ut] .

sfo{qmd ldlt M @)*! h]7 !( ut] zlgjf/ ;do M ljxfg !)M)) ah] :yfg M ag]kf kf6L{ e]Go", ag]kf

/fh]Gb| k;5]+ cWoIf

h{g ;]jf ; g lb s ] / x

:qL/f]u ljz]if1 ;]jf k|To]s lbg

v'Ng] ;do M ljxfg & b]lv a]n'sf & ah];Dd

hfFr x/]s gf]6 M lgMz'Ns ;'u/ l/Psf] 5 u ? ;' ] ut dlxgfsf] !

;Dks{ M )!!–^^$##@, (*$)@^!!%^, (*$!^@(&^%

afudtL k|b]z ;/sf/

afudtL k|b]z ;/sf/

:jf:Yo dGqfno :jf:Yo lgb]{zgfno

pBf]u jfl0fHo e"ld tyf k|zf;g dGqfno

pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfof{no

cfo'j]{b tyf j}slNks lrlsT;fno ag]kf, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s

pknAw ;]jfx? M– yfxf kfO/fVg'kg{] s'/fx?

4alx/ª\u ;]jf cGtu{t lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo pkrf/ tyf cdof{ lbt ¿kdf ;8sk]6Ldf, rf]sdf jf ;fOsndf k/fdz{ /fv] s f, emf] n ] Jofkf/L;F u tyf lj1fkg ahfpFb} lxF8]sfx¿;Fu 4ljleGg @# k|sf/sf cf}iflwx¿sf] lgMz'Ns ljt/0f cfo'j]{bsf] gfd lnO{ lalqm ul/Psf cf}ifwL lsg]/ hyfefjL 4 ;z'Ns kmfd]{;L ;]jg gu/f}+ .

4Ho]i7 gful/s :jf:Yo k|jw{g dfGotfk| f Kt cfo' j ] { b lrlsT;s tyf 4dft[lzz' :jf:Yo k|jw{g :jf:YosdL{;Fu k/fdz{ lnP/ dfq cfo'j]{b cf}+iflw ;]jg ug]{ 4k~rsd{ cGtu{t k"j{sd{ ;]jf afgL a;fnf}+ . cGoyf :jf:Yodf xfgL klg x'g ;Sb5 . o;sf 4k|of]uzfnf k/LIf0f nflu cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo s]G› h:tf cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿df 4cfo'j]{bn] lgb]{z u/]sf] hLjgz}nL ;DaGwL k/fdz{ 4of]u cGtu{t cf;g, k|f0ffofd tyf Wofg ;DaGwL k/fdz{ ;Dks{ /fVg] afgL u/f}+ .

cfo'j]{b tyf j}slNks lrlsT;fno lhNnf cfo'{j]b :jf:Yo s]Gb| hfg] af6f] rf/bf]af6f]

{ dfu

r08]Zj /L

ag]kf, sfe|] kmf]gM )!!–^^@!#$, df]afOnM (*%!@)&!#$ Od]nM p3mosd.dahckavre@gmail.com

lhNnf cfo'{j]b :jf:Yo s]Gb| ejg

pkef]Qmf vfB kbfy{ v/Lb tyf pkef]u ubf{ Wofg lbg'kg{] s'/f 4n]an gnufPsf] jf k"0f{ n]an ljj/0f pNn]v gePsf] -h:t}M vfB kbfy{sf] gfd, vfB kbfy{sf] ;ld>0f, tf}n, d'No, pTkfbssf] gfd / k'/f 7]ufgf, pTkfbg ldlt, pkef]Uo ldlt, cg'1fkq gDa/ nufotsf] ljj/0f vfB kbfy{ v/Lb tyf pkef]u gu/f}+ .

4;8s 5]p5fp v'Nnf cj:yfdf tof/ tyf e08f/0f ul/Psf] vfB kbfy{ v/Lb tyf pkef]u gu/f}+ .

4n]lvPsf]÷5flkPsf] sfuh tyf kqklqsfdf Kofs ul/Psf] vfB kbfy{ v/Lb tyf pkef]u gu/f}+ .

4cvfB /Ë k|of]u u/L tof/ kfl/Psf] vfB kbfy{ v/Lb tyf pkef]u gu/f}+ . l:js[t vfB /Ësf] xsdf tf]lsPsf] l;df / tf]lsPsf] ljlw adf]lhd /ªsf] k|of]u ul/ tof/ ul/Psf] vfB kbfy{ dfq v/Lb tyf pkef]u u/f}+ .

4kmf]xf]/L jf lj/fdL dflg;n] tof/ u/]sf], ;8]un]sf], lemËf eGs]sf], g5f]kL /fv]sf], kmf]xf]/ :yfgdf tof/ ul/Psf] vfB kbfy{ v/Lb tyf pkef]u gu/f}+ .

Od]n M csiokavre123@gmail.com, j]j;fO{6 M sciokavre.gov.np ;Dks{ g+= )!!–$()!%$÷$()(&*

r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf÷;Dkfbs M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, ahf/ k|d'v÷;+jfbbftf M ab|Lk|;fb ltdlN;gf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .