Year 30 issue 28

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CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ #) c+s @* @)*! h]7 # ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 16 May 2024) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$$, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h * www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

kljq kmn ‘af]lwlrQ’ s} abgfd 4rf/ jif{ kl5 ;hfo“ / Ifltk"lt{sf] km};nf 4h]n hfg] ls Ifltk"lt{ lng] < of]hgfsf/ hlxNo} km/f/ df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n ck/fw u/]sf] rf/ jif{ kl5 lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] ck/fwdf ;+nUgx?nfO{ ;hfoFsf] km};nf ;'gfPsf] 5 . d'2f bfo/ ePsf] rf/ jif{sf] aLrdf ;f]lx ;d'xn] k'gM ;f]lx k|s[ltsf] ck/fw u/]sf] 5 . k6s–k6s ck/flws ;d'xsf] lgzfgfdf k/]sf] kljq kmn af]lwlrQs} abgfd ePsf] 5 . klxnf] 36gfdf kqmfp k/]sfx?nfO{ ;hfFo tf]s]sf] eP klg d'Vo of]hgfsf/ km/f/ /lx/xFbf k'gM ;f]lx ck/fw bf]xf]l/Psf] 5 . xltof/ ;lxtsf] ck/fw cbfntdf ljrf/flwg /x]s} ;dodf k'gM ;f]lx :yfgdf bf]>f] k6s ck/fw eP kl5 lhNnf cbfntn] ;f]lx k|s[ltsf] ljrf/flwg d'2fnfO{ clGtd lsgf/f nufPsf] xf] . hf] gful/s kLl8t ePsf] atfpFb} xftxltof/ ;lxt af]lwlrQsf] ?vsf] bfgf n'6]sf], 8fFsf u/]sf], Hofg dfg{] k|of; u/]sf] / n'6kf6 u/]sf] cleof]udf Gofosf] n8fFO{ ul//x]sf] lyof] Tolx gful/s bf]>f] k6s ;f]lx k|s[ltsf] ck/fwdf ;+nUg ePsf] 5 . cbfntn] p;nfO{ l9nf u/L Gofosf] km};nf t u¥of] t/ pgL Gofo sfof{Gjogsf r/0fdf hfFbf pgL cfkm} cleo'Qmsf] ;"rLdf k/] . @)&& ;fndf t] d fn ufpFkflnsf ^ 3/ ePsf $! alif{o l;hg eGg] dfgaxfb' / tfdfªn] /f] z L ufpFkflnsf % l:yt 7s'/fgL tfdfª;Fu lsg]sf a'4lrQsf bfgfx? ljv{axfb'/ tfdfª ;d]t ( hgfsf] ;d'n] n'6]sf] cleof]udf 8fFsf ;DjGwL d'2f btf{ u/]sf lyP . dfgaxfb'/ tfdfªn] vl/b u/]/ lsGg gkfPsf bfgf ;DjGwL d'2f lhNnf cbfntdf ljrf/flwg lyof] . @)&& c;f]h @^ ut] btf{ ul/Psf] 8fFsf, Hofg dfg{] pBf]u / xftxltof/ v/vhgf ;DaGwL d'2fdf lhNnf GofofwLz /fh]Gb g]kfnn] ;hfoF lgwf{/0fsf nflu k]z ug{] cfb]z lbPsf lyP . @)*! a}zfv @% ut] lhNnf cbfntn] pQm d'2fdf

Pdfn] sfe|]nfO{ clwa]zgsf] r6f/f]

;+nUgx?sf] ;hfoF lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . @)&& ;fndf lgj]bg lbP/ kLl8t ePsf dfgaxfb'/ nufot clxn] n'6kf6df ;+nUg ePsf] cleof]udf kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . rf]/sf] v'§f sf6 eGbf prfn] h:t} dfgaxfb'/ cfkm}n] 8fFsf d'2f btf{ u/]sf lyP . ;f]lx cleof]udf rf/ jif{ kl5 pg} dfgaxfb'/ 8fFsf d'2fdf kqmfp k/]sf x'g\ .

8fFsf, Hofgdfg{] pBf]u / xftxltof/ v/vhgfdf PsLs[t s;'/ jfkt sfn' eGg] /fhs'df/ tfdfª, sfn] eGg] /fwfs[i0f d}gfnL, ljho x'dfufO{ / ljv{axfb'/ nfdfnfO{ hDdf ( aif{ s}b / () xhf/ ?k}of hl/jgf ul/Psf] 5 . k|ltjfbL ls/0f tfdfªnfO{ hDdf & jif{ # dlxgf s}b / &@ xhf/ % ;o ?k}ofF hl/jfgf tf]lsPsf] 5 . kLl8t dfgaxfb'/ eg] clxn] lx/f;tdf 5g\ . pgn] btf{ u/]sf] d'2fsf] km};nf gx'Fb} dfgaxfb'/ ;lxt * hgfsf] ;d'xn] ?v g} sfl6lbPsf] cleof]u btf{ ePsf] 5 .

8fFsf rf]/L ul/ nu]]sf] ljqmL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] a'4 lrQsf] bfgfsf] d'No ufpFkflnsfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg{] s/ ;lxtsf] () nfv, l;l;l6eL Sofd]/fsf] (^ xhf/ ! ;o, 3fO{t]x?sf] pkrf/ afktsf] @$ xhf/ @ ;o $( ?k}ofF bfdf;fxLn] e/fO{ lbg] cbfntn] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} s'?jf AolQmx?sf] ! nfv ^) xhf/ ^ ;o ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] df]afO{n afktsf] Ifltk"lt{ eg] bfjL gk'Ug] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . 36gfdf ;+nUg cGonfO{ kqmfp k'hL{ hf/Lsf] cfb]z Tolta]nf g} eP klg k|x/Ln] afFsLnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;s]sf] lyPg . Tolx 6f]nL k|x/Ln] kqmfp gug{] t/ kLl8t elgPsf dfgaxfb'/ tfdfªn] eg] e]l6/x]sf lyP . slt;Dd eg] plgx?sf] km]/L csf{] ;d'x aGof] . n'6]/f ;d'xn] klxnfsf] Ifltk'lt{ lbg] ljifo g;N6fpFb},cbfntsf] d'2f g;lsb} dfgaxfb'/ ;lxtsf] ;+nUgtfdf csf{] ;d'xn] af]lwlrQ vl/b u/] nuQ} cfqmf]lzt x'Fb} ?v g} l5df]lnlbPsf] lyof] . lrlgofF gful/s ofª s}lnª

;lxt n'6kf6df * hgf ;+nUg /x]sf] ls6fgL hfx]/L btf{ . 8fFsf, lj:kmf]6 kbfy{ / ;+u7Lt ck/fw lj?4sf] s;'/ ;hfFosf] dfu . hfx]/jfnf ;ldk lqkf7Ln] % s/f]8 $) nfv / ?v wgL lg/axfb'/n] #) jif{;Dd cfDbfgL x'g] ?vsf] aflif{s ! s/f]8sf b/n] #) s/f]8 Ifltk'lt{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ . ;fljs l;;fvfgL uflj; ( xfnsf] /f]zL ufpFkflnsf % df /x]sf] lsQf gDj/ (&( sf] If]qkmn )–^–)–) hUufdf /x]sf] 7'nf] a'4lrQsf] ?vdf kmNg] a'4lrQsf bfgfx? cl3Nnf jif{x?df ;Demf}tf u/L sf/f]jf/ ;d]t ePsf] lyof] . kl5Nnf] ;do hfx]/L lbPsf dWo] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª ;d]tn] a'4lrQsf bfgfx? pBf/f] dfUg], ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] /sd glbg] u/]kl5 hUufwgL 7s'/fgL tfdfªn] ;dLk lqkf7Lsf] ;d'x;Fu @)*! sf] l;hgdf kmNg] a'4lrQsf bfgfx?sf] ;Demf}tf u/L () nfv ?k}ofdf lsg]a]rsf] ;Demf}tf @)*) ;fpg !( ut] ePsf] lyof] . ;f]lx ;Demf}tf cg';f/ lqkf7L ;d'xn] 7s'/fgLnfO{ a}gf afktsf] %) nfv ?k}of e'QmfgL ePsf] lyof] . pQm a'4lrQsf bfgfx? kmNg] ?v g} % jif{sf] nflu df}lvs ;Demf}tf u/L lnvt ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] . k|To]s jif{ :yfgLo txnfO{ a'emfpg] s/ afx]s dfnf wgLnfO{ () nfv ?k}ofF lbg] u/L sf/f]jf/ ug{] ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . @)*) r}q @( ut] /flt ;f9] !! ah]sf] ;dodf xftxltof/ ;lxt 3/sf] $ 7fpFdf ad /fvL 3/df ;'t]sf kl/jf/nfO{ / l5d]sLnfO{ ;d]t aflx/ lg:sg glbO{ uf]nL 7f]Sg] wDsL lbb} ljB'tLo cf/f] k|of]u u/L af}4 wdf{jnDaLx?n] k|of]u ug{] ax'd'No dfnf kmNg] ?v sfl6lbO{ 3/ hUuf lwtf] /fvL u/]sf] nufgL ;d]t 8'a]sf] 5 . pQm ;Demf}tfaf6 % s/f]8 $) nfv ?k}of Iflt ePsfn] c;'n pk/ u/L 8fFsf, lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ / ;+ul7t ck/fwdf sf/jfxL ul/ kfpF eGg] Aoxf]/fsf] lgj]bg lqkf7Ln] btf{ u/]sf 5g\ . k|x/Ln] 36gf ePsf] dlxgf}

ag]kf÷g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] !! cf} lhNnf clwa]zg cfufdL @)*! h]7 @*–#) ;Dd w'lnv]ndf x'g] ePsf] 5 . clwa]zgsf] eAo tof/L z'? ul/Psf] 5 . clwaz ] gsf] pb3\f6g Pdfn] cWoIf tyf kj'{ kw|fgdGqL sk]L zdf{ cfn ] Ln] ug5]{g\ . !) cf} clwaz ] g wl'nvn ] df ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ;fl]x clwaz ] g sfos { tf{ tyf gful/sx?sf] ;xeflutfsf lx;fan] Pdfns ] f] Oltxf;df klxnf] lyof] . clwaz ] gsf] pb3\f6g kf6L{ cWoIf cfn ] Ln] g} u/s ] f lyP . clwaz ] gsf] 3fi]f0ff;uF} Pdfn] sfes ]| f gt]fx?nfO{ rg'fjL ;/udLn { ] 5fP]sf] 5 . gt]T[jsf cfsfI+fLx? sfos { tf{ e6]3f6df Ao:t xg' yfns ] f 5g\ . lhNnf clwa]zg kf6L{ hLjgsf] lgodLt sfo{sf] cnfjf kf6L{n] c3L ;f/]sf] gd'gf sfe|], ;Dj[4 sfe|]nLsf] kl/sNkgfnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{ yk of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ cj;/

ePsf] Pdfn] sfe|]n] atfPsf] 5 . lhNnf clwj]zgnfO{ eAotfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{ l;+ u f] kf6L{ k + Q mL / cfd sfe| ] n L hg;d'bfonfO{ g]skf Pdfn] sfe|] lhNnf sld6Ln] clkn u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -Pdfn]_ sfe]|knf~rf]s lhNnf sld6Lsf] !) cf}+ k"0f{ a}7sn] clwa]zgsf] lg0f{o u/]sf] cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] hfgsf/L lbP . lhNnf sld6Lsf cWoIf czf]s Jof~h"sf] cWoIftfdf ag]kfdf ;DkGg a}7sdf kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o uf]s'n afF:sf]6f, ljz]if cltyL kf6L{ kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o tyf sfe|]knf~rf]s OGrfh{ s[i0f /fO{, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ! g+ If]qLo OGrfh{ gljgf nfdf, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf @ g+= If]qLo OGrfh{ slknb]a kf]v/]n, kf6L{ k|b]z sld6L pk;lrj eQms'df/L nfdf nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . clwj]zgdf lhNNffsf e"uf]n, hg;+u7g / ljwfg adf]lhdsf lgsfox?af6 afFsL @ k]hdf

ag]kfdf ‘sf}zL v]tL’ k|j{4g – Ps xhf/ 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ ;xof]u

ljlt;Sbf ;d]t d'Vo of]hgfsf/ / yk AolQmx?nfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . xltof/ ;lxt kmf}h agfP/ lnP/ lx8]sf] pQm ;d'xsf] af/]df /fHo ;dod} ;r]t x'g' kg{] ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] ;'emfj lbPsf 5g\ . ls6fgL hfx]/Ldf t]dfn ufpFkflnsf ^ 3/ ePsf $! alif{o l;hg eGg] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª, ;f]lx 7]ufgfsf @* aifL{o slaGb| tfdfª, ;'g;/L lhNnf w/fg pk–dxfgu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ !)

3/ eO{ xfn sf7df8f} lhNnf sf7df8f} dxfgu/kflnsf !) a:g] $& aifL{o ;Tod lnDa', /f]zL ufpFkflnsf % a:g] jif{ $! sf ;fu/ d}gfnL eGg] /fds[i0f d}gfnL, /f]zL ufpFkflnsf % a:g] @& alif{o ljho x'dfufO{, dfgaxfb'/ / sljGb| tfdfª;Fu} a:g] rfO{lgh gful/s aif{ #* sf ofª s}lnË, t]dfn ufpFkflnsf # a:g] $) alif{o k|eft eGg] b'uf{nfn tfdfª / /f]zL ufpFkflnsf % a:g] #^ alif{o Zofds[i0f d}gfnL 5g\ . k|x/Ln] tLg hgfnfO{ kqmfp u/L cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] 5 . kqmfp kg{]x?df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf k'j{ sdf08/ k|eft elgg] b'uf{nfn tfdfª, hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sfo{stf{ lw/h elgg] Zofds[i0f d}gfnL, l;hg elgg] dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª /x]sf 5g\ . k|eftnfO{ sf7df8f} l:yt ag:ynLaf6 au{/ xfp;df gofF aif{ dgfO{/x]sf a]nf kqmfp ul/Psf] xf] eg] dfgaxfb'/nfO{ ;s]6 ad /fv]s} lbg kqmfp ul/Psf] lyof] . d}gfnLnfO{ ag]kfaf6 kqmfp ul/Psf] xf] . Zofds[i0f /fds[i0f d}gfnLsf bfO{ x'g\ .

ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] zx/L If]qsf gu/afl;x?sf nflu sf}zL v]tLsf] k|j{4g ug]{ sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf cl3 a9fPsf] 5 . j8f gDj/ & af6 pQm sfo{qmdsf] cf}krf/Ls z'ef/De gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSon] u/] . gu/kflnsfsf] s[lif zfvfn] pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;+of]hg u/]sf] lyof] . sf}zL v]lt k|j{4gsf nflu gu/kflnsfn] tLg jif{sf] cjwLdf ! xhf/ 3/ kl/jf/sf gful/snfO{ tflnd k|bfg u/]sf] lyof] . tflnd k|fKt AolQmsf 3/ kl/jf/sf nflu sf}zL v]tL u/fpg] pb]Zon] v]lt ug{ cfjZos kg{] ;fdfu|Lx? pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . j8f gDj/ & af6 k|f/De ul/Psf] sfo{qmd j8f gDj/ $, %, ^, &, *, (, !) / !# gDj/ j8fsf Ps xhf/ 3/ kl/jf/sf nflu u|f] Aofu $ xhf/ yfg, sDkf]i6 dn @ xhf/, sf]sf]lk6 @ xhf/, xhf/L ! xhf/ / ljp ! xhf/ ljt/0f ul/g]5 . sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v zfSon] gu/afl;x?nfO{ t/sf/L v]ltaf6 cfTdlge{/ agfpg hUuf hldg

gePsf t/ 3/ dfq} ePsf 3/ kl/jf/sf] klxrfg u/L sf}zL v]tL k|j{4g ug{ z'? ul/Psf] gu/ k|d'v zfSon] atfP . sfo{qmddf pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f, k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]nfk|;fb rfkfufO{, j8f cWoIf lx6n/ zfSo nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sf}zL v]ltsf nflu ;a} eGbf w]/} j8f gDj/ * df # ;o hgfn] tflnd lnPsf 5g\ eg] j8f gDj/ & df @ ;o &) hgfn] tflnd lnPsf 5g\ . To:t} j8f gDj/ ( sf ! ;o @% hgf, j8f gDj/ $ sf #) hgf, j8f gDj/ % sf &% hgf, j8f gDj/ ^ sf @% hgf, j8f gDj/ !) sf &% hgf / j8f gDj/ !# sf %) / cGo %) hgf u/L ! xhf/ hgf /x]sf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf j8f ;b:o ;f]gL ahf{rfo{n] :jfut dGtAo /fv]sL lyO{g\ eg] sfo{qmdsf af/]df s[lif k|fljlws sdnf x'dfufO{n] hfgsf/L u/fPsL lyO{g\ . sfo{qmd ;+rfng gj/fh l3dL/]n] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;xeflu sf}zL v]tL ug{] AolQmx?n] klg wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP .

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a'ls· v'Nnf a}+s, clkm;, k;n ;6/ nufot ljleGg k|of]hgsf] nflu 7"nf] :k]; ePsf] ejgdf a'lsË v'Nnf .

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;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = = kl/jf/ zflGt clg dg zflGt k|ljlw, v'Nnfkg, cljZjf;, c;dembf/L, cfz+sfsf sf/0f ;dfhdf kfl/jfl/s ;DaGw lau|Fb} uPsf 5g\. AolQmsf ;DaGw eTsFb} uPsf 5g\. lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f btf{ u/]/ ;DaGw ljR5]b ePsf AolQmx?n] cfˆg} ;GtfgnfO{ ljrNnL agfPsf sf?l0fs b[Zox? b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\. afa' / cfdf b'a}n] ;Gtfgsf] lhDd]jf/L lnFb}gf} eGb} ax; ul//x]sf x'G5g\. ;DaGw ljR5]b / kfl/jfl/s c;dembf/Ln] ;dfhdf lju|x dfq} lg:sFb} 5}g. afnaflnsfx?sf] cGwsf/ eljio, unt ;+utsf sf/0f x'g ;Sg] ck/fwsf af/]df ;d]t ;r]t ePsf] b]lvb}g. kl/jf/ czflGt ePs} sf/0f dgx? czflGt ePsf 5g\. AolQmn] cfTdxTof To;}sf/0f ul//x]sf] 5. cfTdxTof /f]Sg, dfgl;s /f]usf] pkrf/ lgoldt ug{, kl/jf/df v'zL / zflGt Nofpg Aojxfl/s s'/fx? ldnfpFb} ;docg'snsf] cfjZostf k'/f ug{ ;dembf/L dxTjk"0f{ 5. sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf cbfntdf cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) sf] aflif{s k|ltj]bgdf kfl/jf/Ls ljjfbsf ! xhf/ @ ;o #& j6f d'2f btf{ ePsf 5g\. rfn' jif{sf] ( dlxgfdf sl/a * ;o eGbf w]/} d'2f kfl/jfl/s ljjfbsf 5g\. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) df ljjfx ;DaGwL Pp6f d'2f btf{ x'Fbf ;DjGw ljR5]bdf ^ ;o %( j6f d'2f btf{ eP. h;df % ;o #* j6f km5\of{}6 ePsf lyP. dft[Tj tyf lkt[Tj sfod ;DaGwL Pp6f d'2f btf{ ePsf] lyof]. ;DaGw ljR5]b kl5 c+za08f ;DaGwL % ;o !( j6f d'2f btf{ ePsf lyP. h;dWo] # ;o $ j6f d'2f km};nf eP. ck'tfnL ;DaGwL ^ j6f d'2f btf{ eO{ % j6f km5of{}6 ePsf lyP. dfgfrfdn ;DaGwL $( j6f btf{ eP. h;df #! j6f ;f]lx cfly{s jif{df 6'+luP. gftf sfod ;DaGwL @ j6f u/L ;f]lx cfly{s jif{ kfl/jfl/s ljjfbsf ! xhf/ @ ;o #& d'2f btf{ ePsf lyP. h;dWo] * ;o *@ j6f km5\\of{}6 eP eg] # ;o %% j6f rfn' cfly{s jif{sf nflu lhDd]jf/L ;/]sf lyP. rfn' jif{df btf{ ePsf kfl/jfl/s ljjfbsf d'2fsf] ;+Vof ut jif{ h:t} pNn]Vo 5g\. lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]sL clws[t Pj+ ;"rgf clwsf/L lx/fs'df/L e08f/Lsf cg';f/ kfl/jfl/s ljjfb ;DaGwL d'2fsf] ;+Vofdf a[l4 ePsf] 5. s]lx d'2f btf{ eP kl5 ldnfkq ePsf klg 5g\. lhNnf cbfntdf To:t} ax'ljjfx ;DaGwL !@ j6f d'2f btf{ ePsf lyP. ;fl]x cflys { jifd { f ;DklQ ;DaGwL ( ;o yfg d2'f btf{ ePsf lyP. efu ] flwsf/sf @ j6f, hUuf ;DaGwL ! ;o & j6f, ng ] bg ] ;DjGwL @ ;o (* j6f, ;fjh { lgs hUuf ;DaGwL @ j6f, ;DklQ x:tfGt/0f !, lnvt ab/sf $ ;o *@, 3/axfn $, bfgjs; ! / Ifltkl"t{ ;DaGwL # j6f u/L ( ;o yfg d2'f btf{ ePsf lyP. clxn] pQm ;V + of XjfQ} a9s ] f] 5. x/s ] lbg al9/xg] o:tf 36gf / d2'fsf sf/0f s] xg ' \ < /fHosf tLg} txsf lgsfon] gful/sx?nfO{ vz ' L /fVg efl}ts kj ' fw { f/ dfq} xfO ] g { . dfG5s ] f dgx? vz ' L /fVgt ] km{ ljleGg sfoq{mx? cfofh ] gf ug'{ cfjZos 5. kl5Nnf] ;do bl]vPsf] :jR5Gbtf, :jtGqtf / k; } f, kb / ;DklQkl|tsf cfzlQm kd | v ' sf/0f xf.] To;nfO{ lgoGq0f ub}{ kl/jf/ vz ' L agfpb F } AolQm vz ' L xg ' h?/L 5.

cfhsf] ljrf/

gLltn] /fh ug'{ /fhgLlt xf] t/ cg'e"lt ePg xf] x/]s If]qdf x'g' kb{5, /fhgLlt . rf]s–rf]sdf, lrof k;ndf, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut hd36df, cf}krf/Ls tyf cgf}krf/Ls a}7s, ;ef ;Dd]ngdf k|foMrrf{sf] ljifo x'g] ub{5 of] zAb . hxfF klg /fhgLlt eof] eGg] Jofks u'gf;f]sf] efjdf k|s6 ul/G5 . s] x/ If]qdf /fhgLlt x'g' unt ljifo xf] < xf]Og kSs} xf]Og, ;dfhdf /x]sf x/]s ;+:yfut ;+/rgfdf /fhgLlt x'g'kb{5 eGg] d]/f] dfGotf xf] . gLltn] /fh ug'{ g} /fhgLlt xf] . ug]{ sfo{ rfFxL v'/fkmftL, if8\oGq, hfnem]n clg gfd lbg] /fhgLlt . ul/Psf unt cEof;nfO{ /fhgLltsf] gfddf ckJofVof ul/ cfd gful/sdf e|d km}nfpg' sltsf] hfoh xf] < v/fa cEof;nfO{ /fhgLlt elgb}g .

Psk6s rf0fSo /ftsf] ;dodf 3/df cfˆgf] s]lx sfddf Jo:t lyP . TolQs}df Pshgf kfx'gf pgnfO{ e]6\g cfOk'u] . rf0fSo cfˆg} sfddf Jo:t lyP, pgn] To; kfx'gfnfO{ Psl5g ;FUf} a:g eg] .

Psl5g kl5 cfˆgf] sfd ;sfP/ aln/x]sf] 6'sL lgefP / csf]{ 6'sL afn] . Tof] ;Fu} /x]sf] kfx'gf crDd dfGb} rf0fSonfO{ ;f]W5g\ M dxf]bo Tof] aln/x]sf] 6'sL lgefP/ csf{] 6'sL lsg afNg' ePsf] < rf0fSo hjfkm lbG5g\, cl3 d /fHosf] sfd ub}{ lyP To} eP/ Tof] aln/x]sf] 6'sLdf /fHosf]ifsf] t]n lyof], clxn] d tkfO{;Fu cfˆgf] lghL JolQmut s'/f ub}5' To;}n] of] aln/x]sf] 6'lsdf d]/f] cfˆgf] JolQmut sdfO{sf] t]n /fv]sf] 5', cfˆgf] lghL sfddf /fHosf] ;DklQ k|of]u ug'{ b'?kof]u x'g]5 . o;af6 s] a'lemG5 eg] /fHo ;+rfng ug{ kbLo bfloTj / clwsf/ k|fKt kbflwsf/L g}ltsjfg\ ePdf /fhgLlt kljq x'G5 geP kmf]x/L x'G5 . t;y{ /fhgLlt cfkm}df unt xf]Og, of] t kbdf cfl;g JolQmsf] unt / ckJofVof ul/ Goflos lg0f{o geP/ JolQmut :Jffy{sf] :j]R5frf/L sfo{sf] k|efjn]

gsf/fTds ePsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . /fhgLlt eg]sf] gLltn] /fh ug]{' xf], hxfF JolQmsf] xf]Og gLltsf] /fh x'G5 . oxfF /fhgLlt h:tf] kljq zAbnfO{ bnLo Joj:yfdf b'u{lGwt agfOPsf] 5 . x/]s gful/snfO{ /fhgLlt eGg] zAb;Fu ljt[li0ft u/fOPsf] 5, of] ljifonfO{ pN6f] / unt lbzftkm{ ws]lnb} 5, h;sf] sf/0f gofF k':tf /fhgLlt eGg] zAb ;'Gg clg a'em\g g} rfxb}g . /fhgLlt eg]sf] zlQm ;+nUg ;fdflhs clVtof/ jf zlSt ;+nUg ;fdflhs ;DaGw xf], zf;g / /fhgLlts dfldnfx?df ;dlk{t ;fdflhs k]zfsf] ?kdf klg a'em\g ;lsG5 . cem a[xQ ?kdf eGg] xf] eg] ;/sf/sf] lj1fg, /fHo jf cGo If] q sf] zf;g;F u ;DalGwt ultljlwx? ljz]if u/L JolQm jf bnx? aLrsf] ax; / åGå dfkm{t zlSt k|fKt ug]{ cyjf ;f];Fu cfzSt /lx /fHo ;+rfngsf] nflu cfjZos lj|mofsnfk ug{ ;dlk{t /xg ul/g] ;fwgf xf] / o;sf] nflu ;fdfGotf eGbf dfly /x]/ sfo{ ug{] 1fg / Ifdtf x'g' kb{5 . ;/n efiffdf eGg] xf] eg] /fhgLlt eg]sf] /fHosf] dfldnf / /fHoleq /x] s f gful/s jf cgfu/Lsx?sf] ultljlwx?sf] ;+of]hg xf] h'g ;d"x?df lg0f{o ug{ jf JolQmx?aLrsf] zlQm ;DaGwsf cGo ?kx?, h:t} ;|f]t jf l:yltsf] Goflos ljt/0f;Fu ;DaGw /fVb5 . gLltx?df k|d'v gLlt /fhgLlt xf] . /fhgLlts} ;]/f]kmf]/f]df ;Dk'0f{ gLlt sfo{j|md nufot /fHosf] eljiosf] no b]lvG5 . r]tgzLn dfgj ;dfhdf /fhgLltnfO{ dof{lbt zAbsf] ?kdf pRrf/0f ug{sf] nflu ;dfhsf] x/]s ;+/rgfdf ;lx g]t[Tj ePdf dfq ;Dej 5 . olt ;'Gb/ / ;';F:s[t zAb lsg gs/fTds ?kdf k|of]u x'Fb}5 . o:sf] nflu ;dfhdf /x]sf x/]s gful/s, ;d'x, bn tyf k|To]s tx / tKsfsf k|ltlglwx? lhDd]jf/ 5g\ . ;/sf/ ;+rfng b]lv

Pdfn] sfe|]nfO{======================= sl/j ;ft ;o k|ltlglwsf] ;xeflutf /xg] Pdfn] sfe|]sf ;lrj /fhg e't{]nn] hfgsf/L lbP . k|ltlglwx?sf] 5gf}6 @)*! h]7 !* / !( ut] x'g]5 . clwj]zg tof/Lsf nflu kf6L{ cWoIf czf]s Jof~h"sf] ;+of]hsTjdf k|ltj]bg n]vg ;ldlt, pkfWoIf rGb| nfdfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf cfly{s Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, ;lrj /fhg e't]{nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf k|ltlgwL Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, pk;lrj /fhs'df/ ;fksf]6fsf] ;+of]hsTjdf :jo+;]js kl/rfng ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . clwj]zgsf] nfuL d~r / vfgf Aoj:yfkgsf] ;+of]hg kf6L{ w'lnv]n gu/ sld6Ln] ug]{5 .

Hof]lt ldld{/] ;fd'lxs ;fsf];åf/f pb\3f]if0f tflnd

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g]kfn ;/sf/

lj1fkg af]8{

pkef]Qmf ;d'x;Dd bnLo /fhgLltsf] kmf] x /L v] n sf] sf/0f cfd hgdfg;df b] l vPsf] ljt[ i 0ff /fhgLlt ug]{ JolQmx?sf] gs/fTds af]nL, Jojxf/ / ultljlwsf] sf/0f xf] . ;dfhsf] x/]s ;+/rgfdf /fhgLlts bnsf] k|ltlglWfTj u/fFpb} v/fa cfr/0f / Jojxf/nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ub}{ hfg] xf] eg] efjL k':tfn] /fhgLlt eg]sf] ufnL unf}hdf k|of]u ul/g] zAb xf] eg]/ a'em\g] cj:yf >[hgf gxf]nf eGg ;lsb}g . /fhgLlt eg]/ ;dfh;]jfnfO{ Joj;fo agfpg] ;Lldt /fhgLlt1sf] sf/0f /fhgLlt zAb abgfd ePsf] 5 . b]zsf] /fhgLltn] ;du| cfly{s, ;fdflhs nufot x/]s If]qdf k|ToIf k|efj k/]sf] x'G5 . ;/sf/n] agfpg] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd;Fu o;sf] l;wf / ;f]emf] ;Dks{ /x]sf] x'G5 / k|To]s gful/ssf] efG;f b]lv ;Dk"0f{ hLjgofkg ug]{ Jojxf/df c;/ kl//x]sf] x'G5 . /fhgLltaf6 sf]lx klg c5'tf] /xg ;Sb}g . /fhgLlts bnsf] ;b:o, sfo{stf{ / g]tfx?nfO{ dfq /fhgLlt1sf] ?kdf x]l/G5 h'g ;lx xf]Og . /fhgLlt1 eg]sf] ;fdflhs ?kdf h'g;'s} If]qdf /x]tf klg cfbz{, Goflos, kIfkft /lxt / ;}4flGts ?kdf sfo{ ul/ ;dfhnfO{ ;lx lbzfdf 8f]¥ofpg] JolQmTj xf] / hf] ;fdflhs ?kdf lgi7fjfg / cg';fl;t x'g h?/L 5 . g]kfnsf] kl/k|]Ifdf xfn o'jf k':tf /fhgLlt zAb;Fu olt lrl9Psf 5g\ ls /fhgLlt eg]sf] vf;df s] xf] a'em\g g} rfxfbg}g\, hlt klg a'e]msf 5g lt ;a} bnsf] ?kdf dfq . vf;df s'g} Pp6f cd's /fhgLlts bn;Fu cfa4 eP/ ;dfh;]jf ug'{ dfq /fhgLlt xf]Og . lzIff, :jf:Yo, oftfoft, v]n dgf]/~hg, Jofkf/ Joj;fo pBf]u wGbf, sn sf/vfgf nufot ;Dk'0f{ If]qsf] gLltut Joj:yf ul/ gLlt ljlw / k|s[ofdf ;+rfng ug'{ g} /fhgLlt xf] . xfnsf] cEof; x]bf{ o'jf k':tfdf g}/fZotf pTkGg x'g'

1fgdl0f Gof}kfg]

;dfhsf] x/]s ;+/rgfdf /fhgLlts bnsf] k|ltlglWfTj u/fFpb} v/fa cfr/0f / Jojxf/nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ub}{ hfg] xf] eg] efjL k':tfn] /fhgLlt eg]sf] ufnL unf}hdf k|of]u ul/g] zAb xf] eg]/ a'em\g] cj:yf >[hgf gxf]nf eGg ;lsb}g . :jefljs klg xf] . /fhgLlts lg0f{on] ubf{ x/]s hgtfsf] g'g b]lv ;'g ;Ddsf] ;Dk'0f{ If]qdf k|efj kfl//x]sf] x'G5 . t;y{ x/]s gful/sn] /fhgLltsf] af/]df k|f/lDes dfqfdf ePklg r]tgf ljsf; ug'{ ;fGble{s /xG5 . cfhsf] cfjZostf eg]sf] hf]–hf] hxfF a;]/ cfˆgf] sfd ub]{ x'g'x'G5, Tolxaf6 cfˆgf] bfloTj / lhDd]jf/L dx;'; ub}{ gLlt ljlw / k|s[ofdf n}hfg' o'jfx?sf] st{Jo xf] . cfˆgf] jl/kl/ e}/x]sf] c;dflhs sfo{sf] lj/f]w / va/bf/L ug'{ g}lts lhDd]jf/L axg ug'{ kb{5 . /fhg}lts r]tgfsf] lj:tf/ ub}{ ;dfh clg b]zdf e}/fv]sf] ultljlwx?sf] cWoog / ljZn]if0f ub}{ cufl8 a9\g' kb{5 . cGtdf /fhgLlt h:tf] z'4 kljq zAbsf] ;fv sfod ug'{ xfdL ;a}sf] bfloTj xf] .

gful/ssf nflu lgMz'Ns 6f]n lk|m gDj/ w' l nv] n ÷lhNnf k| z f;g sfof{no w'lnv]nn] ;]jfu|fxLx?sf nflu lgMz'Ns !*!)%)))#&& gDj/sf] 6f]n lk|m ;+rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] 6f]n lk|m gDj/ b}lgs ljxfg * ah] b]lv ;fFem ^ ah];Dd ;+rfng x'g] hfgsf/L u/fO{g\ . ;]jfu|fxL gful/sx?n] tTsfn} kmf]gaf6 k|fKt ug{] ;]jf ;f]lx gDj/af6 k|fKt ug{]5g\ eg] kmf]gaf6 cfjZo ;"rgf k/fdz{ lnP/ cyf{t x'g g;s]sf sfdsf af/]df ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fP/ ;]jf lng ;Sg] Aoj:yf ul/Psf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] hfgsf/L u/fO{g\ . gful/sx?nfO{ ;xh / ;/n ;]jfsf nflu pQm ;]jf pknAw u/fO{Psf] pgn] atfO{g\ . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6

k|bfg x'g] ;]jfnfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpg, ;]jfu|fxLsf] ;d:of u'gf;f]nfO{ ;dod} ;dfwfg ug{ / sfof{nonfO{ ;Nnfx ;'emfj ;d]t k|fKt ug{ 6f]n lk|m gDj/ ;+rfng ul/Psf] atfO{Psf] 5 . 6f]n lk|m gDj/df sn ubf{ ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ z'Ns gnfUg] / h'g;'s} ;]jf k|bfossf] l;daf6 klg ;Dks{ ug{ ;lsG5 .

^ ;o %) afnaflnsfx?sf] ckf· afn c:ktfndf lgMz'Ns pkrf/ x'“b}

tftf] xfjf …n'Ú af6 hf]lug] pkfo 4 ;s];Dd lbpF;f] 3/af6 aflx/ glg:sg], 4lg:sg} k/] kftnf] sk8fn] 6fpsf] 5f]Kg] jf 5ftf cf]8\g], 4kmnkm"nsf] /; / kfgL k|z:t lkpg], 4w]/} kl;gf cfPdf hLjghn lkpg], lr;f] kfgLn] g'xfpg], 4sfdsfh ;se/ laxfg jf a]n'sf ug]{, dlb/f ;]jg gug]{, 4;s];Dd lrof, skmL, ;f]8f h:tf k]o kbfy{ glkpg],

jif{ #) c+s @* @)*! h]7 # ut] ljxLjf/

kgf}tL÷Hof]lt ldld{/] ;fd'lxs art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 kgf} t Ln] ;+ : yfsf ljleGg ;ldlt, pk;ldltx?sf] g]t[Tj ljsf;sf nflu p¢f]if0f tflnd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . kgf}tL–^ gdf]j'4 /f]8 l:yt ;+:yfsf] d'Vo sfof{nodf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf ljleGg ;ldlt, pk;ldltdf cfj4 #% hgfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . pb\3f]if0f tflnddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf / afudtL k|b]z art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+yf k|f]:s'gsf sfo{sf/L clws[t s]zj bfxfnn] k|lzIf0f lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf Hof]lt ;fsf];sf cWoIf p4j ;fksf]6f, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t uf]kfn bfxfn, pkfWoIf d}of yfkf, ;lrj a'4l;+ yfkf / sf]iffWoIf k'0f{/fd t'nfw/ nufot ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L / sd{rf/Lsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .

sfo{qmdsf] klxnf] lbg sfo{sf/L clws[t bfxfnn] ;xsf/Lsf ;jfn;Fu s]lG›t /x]/ p¢f]if0f tflnd lbPsf lyP . o:t} bf];|f] / t];|f] lbg kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gfn] cf}krf/Ls sfo{qmd ;~rfng, efif0f snf, dGtJo nufotsf ljifodf tflnd lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx?n] 5f]6f] ;dosf] tflnd eP klg w]/} l;sfO{ ePsf] k|ltlqmof lbPsf 5g . hLjgpkof]uL tflnd cfof]hgf ul/Psf]df pgLx?n] ;+:yf k|tL cfef/ JoQm u/] . ;+:yfsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t uf]kfn bfxfnn] p¢f]if0f tflndn] ;ldlt pk;ldltdf ;xsf/Lsf ;jfn k|:t'tL / ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo ;Daf]wgdf dxTjk'0f{ of]ubfg k'Ug] ljZjf; ePsf] atfP . ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L cfufdL lbgdf yk sfo{qmd Nofpg] klg pgn] k|ltj4tf hgfP . tflnddf ;xefuLx?nfO{ Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr k|df0fkq ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

e'n;'wf/ M jif{ #) c+s @& df dsfn' art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] C0f r'Qmf ug{] ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfdf e'njz C0fL /dg Gof}kfg] tyf hdfgL lbg]x? /Tgk|;fb Gof}kfg] / cg'k a'9fyf]sLsf] gfd k|sflzt ePsf]df e'n;'wf/ ;lxt ;RrfOPsf] 5 . –;+=

ag] k f÷/f] 6 /L Snj ckm kzk'tLsf] ;xofu]df ckfË afn c:ktfn tyf kg':yfk{gf sG]b| -Prcf/l8;L_ df bz ] e/sf ^ ;o %) hgf km/s Ifdtf -ckfËtf_ ePsf afnaflnsfx?sf] lgzN's pkrf/ z? ' ePsf] 5 . To;sf] cfk}rf/Ls z? ' jft aw'af/ Ps sfoq{mdsf aLr ul/Psf] 5 . c:ktfnsf ;+:yfks k|f=8f=czf]s s'df/ afF:sf]6fsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf afudtL k|b]z ;ef ;b:o s~rgrGb| afb] >]i7, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbkss'df/ uf}td, ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSo, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{, /f]6/L Snjsf l8l:6«s ue{g/ /fh]Gb|k|;fb wf]Fh', /f]6/L Snj ckm kz'ktLsf k'j{ cWoIf zlz/fh kf08], /f]6/Logx? Pds] emf, /fh]Gb|dfg >]i7, /f]6/L Snj ckm kz'ktLsf cWoIf ;'o{axfb'/ clwsf/L nufotn] ckfË afn c:ktfn tyf k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb|n] k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf af/]df rrf{ u/]sf lyP . @))* b]lv /f]6/L Snj;Fusf] ;xsfo{df pQm c:ktfnn] g]kfnsf ljleGg If]qdf /x]sf ckfËtf ePsf afnaflnsfx?sf] pkrf/df ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] ;f]lx cj;/df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf c:ktfnsf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs 8f=ljj]s afF:sf]6fn] c:ktfnn] df]jfO{n SofDk dfkm{t b]zsf ;a} lhNnf / If]qdf ePsf ckfËtf ePsf

afnaflnsfx?sf] vf]hljg ;lxtsf] pkrf/ ul/Psf] atfP . !(*% df :yfkgf ePsf] c:ktfnn] $) jif{sf] cjwLdf ! nfv !) xhf/ afnaflnsfx?sf] pkrf/ u/fPsf] 5 eg] %) xhf/ afnaflnsfx?sf] hl6n ck|];g u/]sf] 5 . (% xhf/ j6f s[lqd tyf ;xfotf ;fdfu|L lgdf{0f u/L afnaflnsfx?nfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . afnaflnsfx?n] pkrf/ kfP kl5 pgLx?sf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf AolQmut / kfl/jf/Ls ;+/rgfdf cfPsf] abnfj / plgx?df b]lvPsf] v'zLsf] sNkgf ;d]t ug{ g;lsg] ;f]lx cj;/df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . c:ktfnn] pkrf/ u/fP/ lgsf] ePsf @* hgf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;f]lx c:ktfnsf ljleGg :yfgdf /f]huf/ ;d]t pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . lzIff ;d]t pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] c:ktfnsf] d'Vo pb]Zo g]kfn h:tf] u|fld0f kl/j]z, r]tgfsf] :t/ sd ePsf lhNnf tyf :yfgx?df k'u]/ ckfËtf ePsf afnaflnsfx?sf] klxrfg ug{], pkrf/ ug{] / ;d'bfodf k'g:yf{kgf ug{] /x]sf] sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs afF:sf]6fn] atfP . sfoq{mddf pkkd|v ' ljdnf ;fksf6]f, kd|v ' kz | f;lso clwst[ efn ] fk;|fb rfkfufO,{ :jf:Yo sfofn { o kd|v ' /fuL >L >i]7, j8f cWoIfx? rGba|xfb/' v8s \ f / lzj yfkf, c:ktfnsf ljleGg zfvfdf sfo/{t AolQmx?, /f6]/Logx? tyf ljleGg Ifq]sf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] lyof] . pQm sfoq{md sflts { df ;dfkg xg'5] . sflts { dlxgf leq c:ktfnn] ^ ;o %) hgf afnaflnsfx?sf] lgzN's pkrf/ ug5]{ .

#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

hfkfgsf] ;/fd]f l;6Lsf kd|v ' ;lxtsf] 6fn]L wl'nvn]df

w'lnv]n÷hfkfgl:yt ;/f]df l;6L, xf]SsfO{8f]sf k|d'v xf?6f]df] 6f]s]8fsf] 6f]nL w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf cfPsf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf / ;/f]df l;6L aLr ljleGg sfo{ ug{] u/L ;xdlt u/]sf 5g\ . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czfs ] Aof~hn ' ] hfkfgsf] kl|jwL / l;knfO{ wl'nvn ] df ko|fu] ug]{ u/L sfo{ ug{ tof/ /xs ] f] atfP . hfkfg l:yt ;/fd]f l;6Lsf kd|v ' xf?6fd]fn ] fO{ :jfut ub}{ gu/ kd|v ' Aof~hn ' ] wl'nvn ] / pQm l;6L aLrsf] ;debf/Ln] b' a } gu/sf gu/af;Lx?nfO{ kmfOb{f kU'g] ljZjf; AoQm u/] . wl'nvn ] af6 clxn] sl]x oj'fx?nfO{ hfkfg k7fOP{sf] 5 . hfkfgdf /xbFf plgx?n] l;Sg] l;k /

kl|jwL gk]fn cfP/ Aojxf/t nfu' ub}{ cflys { ?kn] ;DkGg agfpg] cleofgdf ofu]bfg kU'g] gu/ kd|v ' Aof~hn ' ] ljZjf; AoQm u/] . wl'nvn ] n] u/s ] f c;n cEof;x?, wl'nvn ] n] lnPsf nIosf ;fy} lbuf] ljsf;sf nIox?df ePsf] ku|ltsf af/d]f hfgsf/L u/fpbF} hfkfgaf6 l;Sg' kg]{ ljifonfO{ sfofG{jogdf nh } fg] kd|v ' kz | f;lso clwst[ ;/'G]b| yfkf du/n] atfP . ;xdlt kl5 ;+lIfKt dGtAo /fVb} ;/f]df l;6Lsf k|d'v xf?6f]df] 6f]s]8fn] hfkfgdf !% jif{ eGbf sd pd]/ ;d'xsf gful/sx? !) k|ltzt / ^% jif{ eGbf dfly pd]/ ;d'xsf gful/sx?sf] ;+Vof $) k|ltzt /x]sfn] d'n'ssf nflu cfjZos kg{] o'jf hgzlQm sd x'bF} uPsf]

cfof]hsn] g} k|fKt u¥of] k|yd pkd]o/ sk dlxnf elnan k|ltof]lutfsf] pkfwL

atfP . t/ g]kfndf o'jfx? w]/} o'jfx? /f]huf/ x'g] If]q yf]/} ePsfn] b'O{ b]zsf b'O{ gu/sf] pN6f] tYofÍnfO{ ;lx ?kn] k|of]u ug{] u/L cfjZos kg{] o'jf hgzlQm / /f]huf/sf If]qdf sfo{ ug{ ;/f]df l;6L tof/ ePsf] k|d'v xf?6f]df]n] atfP . …b'O{ b]zsf b'O{ gu/ Ps cfk;df ldn]/ sfo{ ug{ tof/ 5f}Ú–gu/ k|d'v xf?6f]df] 6f]s]8fn] eg]–…b'a} zx/ ldn]/ xft]dfnf] ;lxt sfd ug{] / ljZje/ zflGt sfod ug{] cleofgdf ;lqmo 5f}+ .Ú gu/kflnsfdf ;+rfng eO{/x]sf] hfkflgh efiffsf] sIff cjnf]sg u/]sf] lyof] .

To:t} w'lnv]ndf /x]sf] g]kfns} gd'gf c:ktfn w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf] cjnf]sg u/]sf] lyof] eg] w'lnv]nsf] k'/fgf] zx/sf] e|d0f u/]sf] lyof] . e|d0fsf qmddf b'O{ gu/sf k|d'vx?åf/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;/fd]f l;l6, xfS]sfO8{f,] hfkfgsf kd|v ' xf?6fd]f] 6fs8]fsf] 6fn ] Ldf ;fl]x gu/sf sl[if tyf ;xsf/L ljefuLo kd|v ' sl';j] kml'dxf?, 6k kmfds { f cWoIf OgfO]{ gfa]f? ] , pkfWoIf OgfO]{ sfhs ' L, /fOg{fl]sgf] sDkgL hfkfgsf cWoIf cfsfgd'f d;fsf] nufotsf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] 5 . pQm 6fn ] LnfO{ gu/ kd|v ' czfs ] Aof~h,' kd|v ' kz | f;sLo clwst[ ;/'G]b| yfkf du/, j8f cWoIfx?, sfok{flnsf ;b:ox?, gu/kflnsfsf ljefluo kd|v ' x?, nj lug| gk]fnsf cWoIf cld/f bnL, kd|v ' sfos { f/L clwst[ gf/fo0fk;|fb 1jfnL nufotsf] l6dn] :jfut u/s ] f] lyof] .

z+v'sf ls;fgnfO{ s[lif ofGqLs/0f

k|eft dfljnfO{ w ' l n v ] n ÷ z + v ' k f 6 L r f } / s f gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ !@ sf j8f cWoIf dfx]g z}lIfs ;fdfu|L k|bfg ls;fgnfO{ s[lif ofGqLs/0f ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . nfld5g,] ;:+yfsf ;Nnfxsf/, ;r + fns ;ldtL,

s[lif ljsf; sfof{no w'lnv]n tyf uf}/Lz+s/ ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf Joj;foLs t/sf/L v]lt k|j4{g sfo{qmdsf] nflu s[lif ofGqLs/0fg ljt/0f tyf ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ul/Psf] xf] . s[lif ljsf; sfo{fno sfe|]sf] k|f]T;fxg cg'bfg ( nfv *) xhf/ / ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] * nfv #! xhf/ * ;o *! ?k}ofF nfot ;fem]bf/Ldf ls;fgnfO{ ofGqLs/0f pknAw u/fO{Psf] xf] . s[ifsnfO{ Knfl:6s 6g]n, dlNrª, :k|] kDk, 6«ofS6/, t/sf/L lapx? ljt/0f ul/Psf] uf}/Lz+s/ ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf cWoIf l;tf/fd e§/fO{n] hfgsf/L lbP . Knfi6Ls 6g]n () hL=P;= Pd *( j6f, dNrLª Knfi6Ls $) dfOqmf]g !) /f]n, dLgL l6n/ !% yfg, :k]o/ kDk @) yfg, kfOk l;+rfO{ lgdf{0f÷Ogf/ ! j6f / k|f+ul/s dn #) 6g ljt/0f ul/Psf] xf] . s[lif ofGqLs/0f ljt/0f tyf ;fjh { lgs ;g'j'fO{ sfoq{mddf sl[if ljsf; sfof{no sfes |] f kd|v ' sn ' k;|fb bjf8L, wl'nvn ]

nv ] f ;ldtL, sdr { f/L nufot si[fsx?sf] pNnV]o ;xefuLtf /xs ] f] lyof] . sl[if ljsf; sfof{no sfes |] f kd|v ' bjf8Ln] gk]fnsf ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L dfkmt{ ePsf sfdx? pbfx/0fLo /xs ] f] atfP . sl[if ;xsf/L dfkmt{ ePsf sfoq{md jf:tljs ls;fg;Dd ku's ] f] pgn] atfP . j8f cWoIf dfx]g nfdL5fgn ] ] cfkmg\} j8fdf sfof{no /xs ] f] ;fgf ls;fg sl[if ;xsf/L ltgj6f gu/kflnsfsf] * j6f sfoI{fqdf ku's ] f] eGb} k;|;+f u/s ] f 5g . ls;fg x?nfO ;l'awf / ;xl'not sfoq{mdx? ;Grfng ub}{ kfn–}kfnf] xftd]fnf] ub}{ uPsf] atfPsf 5g . sfoq{mddf ;:+yfsf cWoIf l;tf/fd e§/fOsf] ;efkltTj /xs ] f] lyof] . cWoIf e§/fOn] ! xhf/ & ;o ;b:o ePsf] sl[if ;xsf/Lsf nflu sfoq{md kof{Kt geP klg kf|Kt ofGqLs/0fnfO{ plrt ;bk'ofu] ug]{ atfP . @) nfv ?ko}fs F f] ah6]df ^* 3/w/'L ;b:onfO{ ofGqLs/0f ljt/0f ul/Psf] pgn] atfP . pgn] x/s ] jif{ kfnk}fn] sl[if ;fdfuL| ljt/0f ul/g] atfPsf 5g .

ljlk8An'sf] kf“rf} ;ef, cWoIfdf OZj/L jfb] >]i7 lglj{/f]w

ag]kf÷sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf ;g\ @))* b]lv s[oflzn ;+:yf ljlk8An' ag]kfn] dlxnfx?nfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg l;k l;sfpFb} ljleGg ;fdflhs s[ofsnfkx? ub{} cfPsf] 5 . ;f]lx ;+:yfn] kfFrf} ;ef cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . ;efdf ;+:yfdf cfj4 dlxnfx?sf] bIftf / l;k ljsf;df hf]8 lbb} g]t[Tj ljsf;df ;d]t cu|;/ x'Fg] atfPsf] 5 . cWoIf OZj/L afb] >] i 7n] cGt/fli6«o ;DjGw / g]6js{ /x]sf] pQm ;+:yfsf g]kfndf /x]sf ljleGg zfvfx? dWo] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ag]kfdf /x]sf] zfvfn] pTs[i6 sfo{ ul//x]sf] atfO{g\ . sfe|]sf bfKrf, a;]/L tyf Zofdkf6L nufotsf If]qdf ;+:yf dfkm{t ul/Psf sfo{x?sf] ljb]zaf6 cfPsf ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?n] cjnf]sg ;d]t u/]sf lyP . ;+:yf :yfkgf b]lv g} dlxnfx?sf] :jf:Yo, l;k tyf dlxnfx?nfO{ cfTdlg{e/ agfpg ul/Psf k|oTg tyf k|of; / sfo{x?sf] ;efdf

hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . ;efdf ;+ : yfsf ;lrj /f]lhgf >]i7n] aflif{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g\ eg] sf]iffWoIf ;'hftf a}bf/n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g\ . ;efsf] aGb ;qn] cWoIf OZj/L afb] >]i7, pkfWoIf ;l/tf knf~rf]s], ;lrj /h'nf dfgGw/ / sf]iffWoIf ;'hftf a}bf/nfO{ lglj{/f]w rog u/]sf] 5 . To:t} sfo{ ;ldltdf lhgf >]i7, /l:d >]i7, /rgf dfgGw/, /fd]Zj/L dfgGw/ / /f]lhgf >]i7 /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} /fd]Zj/L dfgGw/nfO{ g]t[Tj ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs, ;ldtf /fhj+zL klAns l/n];g ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs, /};f :ofpnf cfO{6L k|d'v, ;/nf >]i7 k|b{zgL ;ldlt k|d'v / l/;f /fhynfnfO{ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf] ;+of]hssf] lhDd]jf/L lbO{Psf] 5 . ljlk8An'n] dlxnfx?sf] kf7]3/ kl/If0f tyf cfª v:g] ;d:of, lk;fj r'lxg] ;d:of, lkmlhof]y]/fkL nufotsf If]qdf lgz'Ns lzlj/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 eg] cGo l;kd'ns sfo{x? cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 .

efn]Zj/n] dgfof] ^& cf+} aflif{sf]T;j kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsf leqsf] Ps dfq gd"gf ljBfno tyf ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?df lhNnfs} pTs[i6 ljBfnox? leq kg{] efn]Zj/ dfWolds ljBfnon] :yfkgfsf] ^& cf} aflif{sf]T;j dgfPsf] 5 . ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf /fh]Gb| s];Ln] ljBfnon] cleefjsx?sf] dg lhTb} afnaflnsfx?n] u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ug{] k|ltj4tfnfO{ Aojxf/df b]vfPsf] atfP . sfo{qmddf dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 gful/s dGqL eujtL rf}w/Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} dGqL rf}w/Ln] ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/ ;'wfg{ ;/sf/n] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd dfkm{t ;d]t ljz]if Wofg lbPsfn] cfufdL jif{x? z}lIfs u'0f:t/ tyf ljBfyL{ s]lGb|t lzIffsf ljsNk g/x]sf] atfO{g\ . ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks /fdrGb| yfkfn] kfFr jif{ ljBfnon] ef]lu/x]sf cg' e jx? ;' g fpF b } ljBfnon] ef} l ts tyf ljBfyL{x?sf] u'0f:t/df ePsf k|ultsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . ljBfyL{ cg's'lnt jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ub{} cfPsf] ljBfnodf …lu|g,lSng, lk; / ;]eÚ 3f]if0ff ug{] tof/L u/]sf] k|wfgfWofks yfkfn] atfP . …ha;Dd afnaflnsf / cleefjsx? ljBfnosf] jftfj/0f / u'0f:t/;Fu 9'Ss x'g ;Sb}gg ta;Dd ljBfyL{ / cleefjsx?sf] ljZjf; ljBfnonfO{ x' g ;Sb}gÚ–k|wfgfWofks yfkfn] eg]–…ljBfnosf] z}lIfs tyf cfly{s ljifonfO{ cleefjsx?sf ;fd' ;fdflhs tyf n]]vfkl/If0f dfkm{t kf/blz{ u/fO{Psf] 5 . ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;sf/fTds ;fdflhsLs/0fsf] cEof; u/fO{Psf] 5 . ljBfnon] aflif{sf]T;jsf] cj;/ kf/L gofF egf{ ePsf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ :jfut u/]sf] lyof] . ljBfnodf xflh/ ePsf gofF lzIfsx?nfO{ klg :jfut ub{} cGoq ljBfnodf ;?jf ePsf lzIfsx?nfO{ klg ljbfO{ ;lxtsf] ;Ddfg u/]sf] lyof] . To:t} efn]Zj/ cjf8{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf k'j{ kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ ;d]t ;Ddfg ul/Psf] 5 . ljBfnodf cIfosf]if tyf 5fqa[lQ sf]if :yfkgf ug{] bftfx?nfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ljBfyL{x?n] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ;d]t cfof]hgf u/]sf] sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{x?n] k|ltef ;d]t k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:o /fdx/L ;'j]bL, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf

k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, pkk|d'v lutf a~hf/f, j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{kflnsf ;b:ox?, sd{rf/Lx?, ljleGg SofDk; tyf ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofksx?n] z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmd lzIfs xl/k|;fb ltdlN;gfn] ;+rfng u/]sf lyP .

ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ # ;'df/fdf /x]sf] k|eft dfWolds ljBfnosf] dG6] Z j/Ldf cWoog ug{ ] afnaflnsfx?sf] nfuL z}lIfs ;fdu|L k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ ( lgjf;L ;dfh;]jLx? /fhs'df/ kf}8]n, a'l4dfg dxt, bfdf]b/ ahufO{ / nId0f aGh/fn] ljBfno Aoa:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o lzak|;fb bfxfnfO{ pQm ;fdfu|L x:tfGt/0f u/]sf x'g\ . ljBfno Aoa:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o bfxfnsf] cu|;/tfdf dG6]Zj/Lsf afnaflnsfn] v]Ng] lkË, 8«d ;]6, lrKn]6L nufPtsf ljleGg :6]Zg/Lsf ;fdfu|Lx? x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] bfxfnn] atfP . ljBfnodf z}lIfs ;q @)*! df ! ;o &# hgf ljBfyL{x? egf{ ePsf] hfgPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/ ;'wfl/b} uPsf], cleefas, ljBfyL{ / lzIfssf] ;xof]un] ljBfyL{ ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] ljBfnosf k|WofgfWofks afns[i0f bfxfnn] atfP . ut z'qmaf/ ag]kf % df /x]sf] ;d[l4 art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] klg pQm ljBfnodf z}lIfs ;fdfu|L k|bfg u/]sf] lyof] . ;xsf/Lsf cWoIf ;fw'/fd bfxfn nufPt ;+:yfsf kBflbsf/Lx?n] ljBfnodf g} uO{ pQm z}lIfs ;fdu|L k|bfg u/]sf lyP .

pkef]Qmf lxt tyf ahf/sf ;d:ofsf af/]df cGt{lqmof w'lnv]n÷:jb]zL pTkfbg cleofg, pBdLsf] ;Ddfg eGg] gf/fsf ;fy lhNnf k|zf;g sfo{fno sfe|]sf] cfof]hgf tyf pwf]u tyf jfl0fHo sfo{fno sfe|]sf] Joj:yfkgdf w'lnv]ndf pkef]Qmf xslxt ;+/If0f tyf ahf/ cg'udg ;DaGwL ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fusf] cGtlqmof sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?›fb]aL zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbks s'df/ uf}tdsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;'af; kf}8]n, vfB cg';Gwfg clws[t dlgiff rfkfufO{+, pBf]u tyf afl0fHo sfof{nosf k|d'v o1 jnL, gfk tf}n tyf u'0f:t/ sfo{fno / cfGtl/s /fh:j sfo{fnosf tkm{af6 ahf/ cg'udg, P]g / sfg'gsf Joj:yf tyf lhNnfsf] cj:yfsf af/]df sfo{kq k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . :yfgLo txsf pkk|d'v tyf pkfWoIfx?n] ;d]t ahf/ cg'udgdf ePsf cEof;, :yfgLo ;/sf/n] tof/ u/]sf sfg"g tyf P]gx?sf af/]df lh1f;f ;lxtsf] wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]n] rfn" cfly{s aif{df !% k6s ahf/ cg'udgsf qmddf $ ;o !$ j6f kmd{sf] cg'udg ul/ @ nfv ^ xhf/ @ ;o @) ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] ;fdfg g:6 ul/ @ nfv @@ xhf/ % ;o hl/jfgf ul/Psf] ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;'af; kf}8]nn] atfP . lhNnf :t/Lo ahf/ cg'udg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs ;d]t /x]sf ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L kf}8]nn] PsLs[t ahf/ cg'udgnfO{ lta| agfO{g] atfP . To:t} lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, cfGtl/s /fh:j sfo{fno / vfw cg';Gwfg tyf u'0f lgoGq0f sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 cnu–cnu sf/jfxL / cg'udgsf af/]df ePsf ultljwLsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt k|d'v uf}td / k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?›fb]aL zdf{n] pkef]Qmfsf] lxtdf sfd ug{ ;a} If]q lhDd]jf/ x'g'kg{] atfP .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@ ut] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf rf}/Lb]p/fnL uf=kf= j8f g+= ^ a:g] 5ljnfn uf}td ;d]tn] xfdLx?sf lktf tyf ;;'/f aneb| uf}tdsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= aneb| uf}tdsf] ldlt @)#*.(.!( df / lghsL >LdtL sf}lznf uf}tdsf] ldlt @)&%.!.@ df cf–cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] / lghx?af6 hfohGd ePsf @ efO{ 5f]/fx?df lbngfy uf}td / 5ljnfn uf}td ePsf]df lbngfy uf}tdsf] ldlt @)^$.$.#) df d[To' eO{ lghsf] z]ifkl5 xsvfg] Psdfq >LdtL of]udfof uf}td ePsf] xb'Ff pQm lsQf hUuf 5ljnfn uf}td / of]udfof uf}tdsf] ;+o'Qm gfddf 5'6 hUuf btf{÷gf=;f= u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gf=;f= ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; sflQs] b]p/fnL

j8f g+= ls=g+= @

#&& !#^ !$)

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd aneb| uf}td !–@–!–# !–#–!–@ @–@–!–!

jif{ #) c+s @* @)*! h]7 # ut] ljxLjf/

s}lkmot

ag]kf÷ag]kf elnan k|lzIf0f s]G›sf] cfof]hgf, ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] cfly{s ;xof]u / sfe|] lhNnf elnan ;3+sf] ;xsfo{df cfof]lht k|yd ag]kf pk d] o / sk v' N nf dlxnf elnan k|ltof]lutfsf] pkfwL ag]kf P ;d'xn] k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf l:yt bfKrf dfljsf] ;d'xnfO{ ;f]emf] tLg ;]6df x/fpFb} ag]kf P ;d'xn] pkfwL xft kf/]sf] xf] . k|yd x'g] ;d'xn] gub %) xhf/ ;lxt lzN8 / k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . pk ljh]tf bfKrf l:yt s[i0f dflj ;d'xn] gub @% xhf/ k|fKt u¥of] . t]>f] :yfgsf nflu ePsf] v]ndf w'lnv]n ljhoL eO{ !% xhf/ ?k}of k|fKt u¥of] . w'lnv]nn] kgf}tL ;d'xnfO{ k/flht u/]sf] xf] . ag]kfsf b'O{ ;d'x, kgf}tL, w'lnv]n, d08gb]pk'/, bfKrf s[i0f dflj ;lxt ^ ;d'x k|lt:kwf{df ;xeflu lyP . k|ltof]lutfdf pTs[i6 v]nf8L ag]kf ;d'xaf6 cl:dtf du/, pTs[i6 ;6/ s[i0f dfljsL clgtf >]i7, pTs[i6 lnK6/ ag]kfsL h'g' du/, pTs[i6 l8km]G;/ kgf}tLsL ;+:s[tL yfkf / pTs[i6 ;e{/ w'lnv]nsL kfj{tL kl/of/ 3f]lift eP . plgx?nfO{ k'/:s[t ul/Psf] lyof] . gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSo, pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f, j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{kflnsf ;b:ox?,

;dfh;]jL /Tgs'z /l~ht nufotn] ljhoL v]nf8Lx?nfO{ awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf AoQm u/]sf lyP . ag]kfdf d]o/ sk km'6an, s/fFt]sf ljleGg v]nx? eP klg pkd]o/ sk dlxnf elnan v]n klxnf] k6s ePsf] xf] . ag]kf gu/n] gofF z'?jft u/]sf] eGb} gu/ k|d'v zfSon] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6L gu/df /x]sf] ;Dk'0f{ v]nx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ug{] atfP . pk k|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6fn] elnan k|ltof]lutfn] x/]s If]qdf dlxnfx?n] ;zQm ?kdf cfkm\gf] Ifdtf k|b{zg ug{ ;S5g\ eGg] pbfx/0f elnansf] k|lt:kwf{df ;xefuL

ePaf6 klg yk k'li6 x'g] atfO{g\ . lhNnfdf dlxnf v]nf8Lx? cToGt} sd ePsfn] gu/kflnsfsf] ;+of]hgdf ut aif{ b]vL dlxnf lblbalxgLx?nfO{ elnan k|lzIf0f z'? ul/Psf] pgn] atfO{g\ . sfo{qmd ag]kf elnan k|lzIf0f s]G›sf cWoIf k|1f gsdL{sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . s]G›sf ;lrj ljqmd k|hfkltn] k|ltof]lutfdf ;xeflux?nfO{ k|df0fkq tyf k'/:sf/ / k|ltof]lutfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . sfo{qmd k|lzIf0f s]G›sf pkfWoIf ejfgL hf]zLn] ;+rfng u/]sf lyP .

le+Bf] 6f]ndf klSs ;+/rgf eTsfP/ gof“ ljsf; ag] k f÷ljsf; lgdf{ 0 fdf gful/sx?sf] cfjZostf eGbf kx'Fr / zlQmsf cfwf/df ah]6 ljlgof]hg x'Fbf :yfgLo ;/sf/ AolQmsf nflu dfq} ag]sf x'g\ ls < eGg] k|Zg pAhg x'g yfn]sf] 5 . ;dtf / ;dfg'kflts ?kn] ljsf;sf nflu ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{] eGbf klg ljsf; eO{/x]sf :yfgdf yk ah]6 ljlgof]hg u/L Tolx ljgfz u/L /fHosf]ifsf] /sd :jfxf kfg{] qmd lg/Gt/ rln/x]sf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ & df To:t} ePsf] 5 . 3/x? ;d]t w]/} gePsf] , klSs ;+ / rgf /x] s f] , gful/sx?sf] cfjZostf eGbf kx'Frsf cfwf/df /sd ljlgof]hg u/L ePsf] lgdf{0fnfO{ eTsfpFb} gofF agfpg] eGb} :yfgLo >f]t / ;fwgsf] b'?kof]u ul/Psf] 5 . pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7gdf klg gSsnL

AolQmx?sf] gfdfjnL /flvPsf] 5 . pkef]Qmf ;ldltx?df Ps} kl/jf/sf b'O{ hgf ;b:ox? /flvPsf] 5 eg] pkef]Qmf eGbf aflx/sf cGoq j8fsf s]lx ;b:ox? /flvPsf] 5 . le+Bf] 6f]n ;8s :t/f]GgtL cfof]hgfdf ePsf] dgnfUbL lj?4 s]lx :yfgLon] j8f sfof{no, gu/kflnsfdf Wofgfsif{0f u/fpFbf ;d]t :yfgLo ;/sf/n] rf;f] glbPs]f u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\ . a? pN6} gu/ k|d'v / j8f cWoIfsf] cfb]z eGb} esfes ;+/rgf eTsfP/ pkef]Qmf g} gePsf 7fpFdf pkef]Qmf 5g\ eGg] sfuhftsf cfwf/df dgnfUbL vr{ ul/Psf] 5 . pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf cWoIf lj1fg >]i7 5g\ . cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfut ^ nfv # xhf/ % ;o /x]sf] 5 . pkef]Qmfx?dWo] /fdk|;fb bfxfnaf6 @% xhf/, x'a]Gb| rf}+nfufO{af6

%^ xhf/, /fhg sfo:yaf6 %^ xhf/ / /fdKof/L ah|frfo{af6 #^ xhf/ /sd ;+sng ul/Psf] 5 . gu/kflnsfn] % nfv /sd lbPsf] 5 . :yfgLo :t/af6 ! nfv # xhf/ % ;o Aoxf]g{] ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] ePklg cWoIf lj1fg >]i7 afx]s g} ! nfv &# xhf/ /sd lnO;s]sf] 5 . s]lx ;Lldt 3/sf nflu dfq} ah]6 ljlgof]hg u/]sf] gu/kflnsfn] %) hgf nfeflGjt x'g] eGb} cfof]hgf l:js[t u/]sf] 5 . @)*) kf}if !& ut] cfof]hgfsf] z'? ldlt /fv]/ @)*! a}zfv bf]>f] ;ftf sfo{ z'? u/]sf] pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] @)*! h]7 !% ut] sfo{ ;DkGgsf] ldlt /fv]sf] eP klg ;DkGg x'g] ldltdf dfq} sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] 5 . pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf ePsf AolQmx?, cfof]hgfsf] kf/blz{tf, cfjZostf / zlQmsf] bDesf af/]df :yfgLox?n] k|Zg p7fPsf 5g\ .

xflb{s awfO{ o; ;+:yfsf cWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7 kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf] @) cf+} ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ;Nnfxsf/df, ;+rfns ;ldlt ;b:o df]xg s[i0f >]i7 pkfWoIfdf, ;fdflhs ljsf; pk;ldlt ;b:o Zofds'df/ >]i7 dxfdGqLdf, ;+rfns ;ldlt ;b:o sfG5fs'df/ >]i7 ;+u7gdGqLdf, n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldlt ;b:o ;'Gb/ k|;fb sf/+lht sf]iffWoIfdf, afn art pk;ldltsf ;+of]hs c~hgf >]i7 ;Nnfxsf/df, afn art pk;ldlt ;b:o hfgsL sf/+lht dlxnf kt+hnL of]u ;ldltsf] ;+rfns ;b:o kbdf tyf o; ;+:yfdf cfa4 z]o/ ;b:o dxfg'efjx? Pj+ ;Dk"0f{ kbflwsf/Lx? ;j{;Ddtaf6 rog x'g' ePsf]df o; ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 xflb{s awfO{ tyf sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

;+/Ifs

u|f]j]g tf}hn]

;'/s[i0f j}B

kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]

;Nnfxsf/

cWoIf M k|sfz sfoiy pkfWoIf M df]xgs[i0f >]i7 dxfdGqL M Zofds'df/ >]i7 ;+u7g dGqL M sfG5fs'df/ >]i7 sf]iffWoIf M ;'Gb/k|;fb sf/+lht dGqL M dfwj >]i7 ;b:ox? ldngeQm >]i7 zDe' axfb'/ s8+]n s[i0fk|;fb g/fn nIdLgf/f0f >]i7 lji0f'k|;fb g/fn af]wgfy ahufO{ /fh]Gb| ;fksf]6f zf/bfk|;fb zdf{ lwtfn cfgGb ;fksf]6f

bdg s'df/ >]i7 xl/z/0f >]i7 lx6n/ zfSo k'iknfn >]i7 ho/fd >]i7 cd[tnfn knf~rf]s] an/fd clwsf/L p4jk|;fb ltdlN;gf rGb|axfb'/ v8\sf ;l/tf zfSo cGhgf >]i7 cg' >]i7 /]0f'sf k|wfg

xl/axfb'/ >]i7 pkfWoIf

Zofd s[i0f tf}hn] dlxnf kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|] cWoIf M OlGb/f tf}hn] pkfWoIf M sdnf /fhe08f/L dxfdGqL M nIdL pns ;+u7g dGqL M k'0o >]i7 sf]iffWoIf M k'0o]Zj/L j}B dGqL M ejfgL u'?ª ;b:ox? lgd{nf sfoi7 hfgsL sf/+lht dlGb/f e'h', zflGt tfd|fsf/ sdnf >]i7 -d}gf_ ;l/tf s];L ljBf s0f{lht zf]ef lkof sfoi7 zf]ef gflkt alatf ltdlN;gf

;'g}gf >]i7 tyf

k|aGws

ef]+ld ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

$

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

s'k|yf lj?4sf] ;f+:s[lts ljb|f]x M O{lx ;+:sf/ ag]kf÷k/Dk/fut ;+:sf/nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbgsf] nflu jf“FVof] bfkmf ehg vnMsf] cfof]hgfdf ;fd'lxs O{lx sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ag]kfsf] hfkfnL u'7L 3/df ;DkGg ePsf] O{lx sfo{qmddf ;d'bfosf #* hgf aflnsfx? ;xefuL /x]sf] jf“Vof] bfkmf ehg vnMsf ljZj/fd dfgGw/n] atfP . dfgGw/n] k|To]s #–# jif{df afnaflnsfx?sf] O{lx-j]n ljjfx_ ub}{ cfPsf] dfgGw/n] atfP . ut j}zfv @& / @* ut] ePsf] b'O{lbg] sfo{qmd cIfo t[tLofsf] lbg ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . :yflgo efiffdf …O{’ sf] cy{ ;do x'G5 / …lx’ eg]sf] /ut xf] . To;}n] aflnsfsf] /hZjnf x'g' cufj} ul/g] ;+:sf/ g} O{lx xf] . O{lx sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g] aflnsfn] lbge/L a|t a;]/ k"hfljlw adf]lhd snz, ah|, rqm

cflbsf] k"hfcfhf ub{5g\ . g]jf/ ;d'bfoleq /hZjnf x'g' cufl8 O{lx u/fpg] k|rng /lx cfPsf] 5 . O{lxnfO{ a]nljjfxsf] ?kdf ;d]t lrq0f ul/G5 . aflnsfsf] cfdf / a'af clgjfo{ ;xefuL eP/ k/Dk/fut dfGotf adf]lhdsf k"hf kf7 ub{5g\ . sfo{qmd cjlwdf dlxnfn] u[x:yL hLjgdf ug{'kg{] ljleGg sfdx? ;d]t l;sfOG5 . 3/ ;kmf ug{sf] nflu s'rf] nufpg], vfgf ksfpgsf] nflu l;nf}6f]df d;nf lkFWg]b]lv cGo 3/fo;L ljlwx? l;sfOG5 . >Ldfg\sf] d[To' kZrft >LdtL klg clgjfo{ ;tL hfg'kg{] s'k|yfnfO{ pGd'ng u/fpgsf] nflu ;fF:s[lts lj›f]xsf] ?kdf

gf]a]n art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–&, sfe|]knf~rf]s kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!$!!

C0fL ;b:ox?nfO{ shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] #% lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.)@.)# ut] lalxaf/ O{lx ;+:sf/ ;'? ul/Psf] cu|hx?n] atfpb} cfPsf ljZj/fd dfgGw/n] atfP . To:t}, tTsfnLg g]kfn d08ndf d';ndfgx?n] cfqmd0f ubf{ cljjflxt lszf]/Lx?nfO{ ckx/0f ug{] pbL{ hf/L ePsf] atfOG5 . ;f]xL pbL{af6 aflnsfx?nfO{ arfpg a]n;Fu ;f+s]lts ?kdf ljjfx ul/lbP/ l;pFbf]df l;Gb"/ /fVg] rng ;'? ePsf] :yfgLox? bfaL ub{5g\ .

xflb{s awfO{ k|sfz sfo:y, cWoIf

jif{ #) c+s @* @)*! h]7 # ut] ljxLjf/

ldng >]i7, ;b:o

afudtL l6k/ Joj;foL ;+3sf sfof{no k|d'v k|sfz sfo:y kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf] @) cf+} ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 cWoIfdf tyf l;Gw' x]nDa' oftfoft ;]jf k|f=ln=sf sfof{no k|d'v ldng >]i7 ;+rfns ;ldlt ;b:odf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df jxfF nufot lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ kbflwsf/Lx?df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

o; ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg lzif{s cGt{ut shf{ sf/f]af/ u/]sf C0fL ;b:ox?dWo] pNn]lvt zt{ aGb]h adf]lhd tkl;nsf C0fL ;b:ox?sf] Dofb ;dfKt eO{ efvf gf3]sf]df C0fL tyf hdfgtbftfx?nfO{ ;+:yfn] af/Daf/ df}lvs tyf lnlvt tfs]tf u/]/ ;Dks{df cfpg ljz]if cg'/f]w ubf{ub}{ klg ;+:yfsf] cg'/f]wnfO{ j]jf:tf ub}{ c;xof]u / x]nr]qmfO{ u/]sf] 7x/ ePsf]n] o;} ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/dfgL #%-k}lt;_ lbg leq ;+:yfdf clgjfo{ ;Dks{ /flv cfˆgf] C0fsf] x/lx;fa u/L a'emfpg afFls ;fFjf, Jofh tyf xh{gf r'Qmf ug{'x'g jf b'?:t /fVg' x'g jf cfjZos ;+:yfut k|s[of k'/f ug[{'x'g jf shf{ lt/L;s]sf] ePdf To;sf] k|df0f ;lxt k]; ug'{x'g ljif]z cg'/f]w ul/G5 cGoyf C0fL tyf hdfgtbftfx?nfO{ ;xsf/L P]g @)&$, ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&%, ;+:yfsf] ljlgdo @)*), C0f Jo:yfkg gLlt @)&*, cGo k|rlnt sfg'g tyf pNn]lvt C0fsf zt{x? cg'?k sfg'gL sfjf{xLsf] k|s[of cuf8L a9fO{ lwtf] lnnfd lals| u/L ;f] k|ls|ofdf nfu]sf] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ ;lxt afFls aSof}tf c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 . sy+sbflrt ;f] lwtf]af6 ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd km/kmf/v geO{ afFls /x]sf] /sd C0fL, hdfgtbftf tyf lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf gfddf ePsf] cGo rn, crn ;DklQaf6 k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd c;'n pk/ ul/g] tyf C0fL tyf hdfgtbftfx?sf] gfd shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;'rLdf ;dfj]z ul/g] Joxf]/f o;} ;'rgf dfkm{t cjut u/fpFb5f}F . ctM C0f c;'nL k|ls|ofaf6 ;DalGwt C0fL tyf hdfgtbftfx?nfO{ kg{ ;Sg] c;'ljwf k|lt o; ;+:yf hjfkmb]xL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;'rgfåf/f ;'lrt ul/G5 . tkl;n C0fLsf] kmf]6f]

qm=;+= C0fLsf] ljj/0f gfd M lszf]/ kf}8\ofn a'afsf] gfd M z+s/ k|;fb != afh]sf] gfd M cgª\u gfy 7]ufgf M sf7df8f}+ df=g=kf–*, sf7dfªf}+ gf=k|= g+= M &((.!!!^, sf7dfªf}+ gfd M s}nfz knf~rf]s] a'afsf] gfd M b]j k|;fb @= afh]sf] gfd M cfzf sfhL .

7]ufgf M ag]kf g=kf–*, sfe|]knf~rf]s gf=k|= g+= M *#*@%, sfe|]knf~rf]s gfd M /fd k|;fb lzNksf/ a'afsf] gfd M k~rnfn #= afh]sf] gfd M b'uf{ bf; 7]ufgf M ag]kf g=kf–*, sfe|]knf~rf]s gf=k|= g+= M $&%!%.!)&@, sfe|]knf~rf]s

hdfgtbftfsf] ljj/0f

hdfgtbftfsf] kmf]6f]

gfd M ;'lgtf dxh{g ;;'/fsf] gfd M k~rnfn afh]sf] gfd M a]vf gf/fo0f 7]ufgf M sf7df8f}+ df=g=kf=–!#, sf7df8f}+ gf=k|= g+= M @&!)^).%*#!^, sf7df8f}+

;Ifd art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, sfe]|knf~rf]s -kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!(!)_ sakshamsaccos@gmail.com

/fh]z ;'Gb/ ;}+h" cWoIf

tyf

z'e/fh hf]zL sfof{no k|d'v

sfe|] k'0ojtL oftfoft k|f=ln= kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

;Ifd art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, sfe]|knf~rf]s -kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!(!)_ sakshamsaccos@gmail.com

lwtf] aGws lnnfd laqmLsf] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf -k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!÷)!÷)# ut] r]i6f ;Ktflxs klqsfdf_

o; ;+:yfsf tklzndf pNn]lvt C0fL ;b:on] ljleGg C0f lzif{s cGt{ut C0f k|fKt u/L o; ;+:yf;Fu ;Demf}tf u/]sf] lnlvt zt{x?, ;Demf}tf adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] ;do cjlwdf ltg{, a'emfpg' kg]{ C0fsf] ;fFjf, Jofh tyf xhf{gf /sd ;d]t glt/L,ga'emfO{ efvf g3fO{ ;+:yf;Fu ePsf] C0f ;DaGwL zt{, aGb]h pNn3+g ug'{ ePsf]n] tkfO{ C0fL pk/ C0f C0fsf] ;fFjf, Jofh tyf xh{gf n]gf /sd ;d]t r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{ cfpg' egL k6s–k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt kq dfkm{t t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ;+:yfsf] C0f C0f r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug]{ tkm{ s'g} rf;f] gb]vfO{ j]jf:tf ug'{ ePsf]n] ldlt @)*)÷)@÷)@, @)*)÷)#÷@^ / @)*)÷)%÷)% ut]]sf] :yfgLo klqmsf pNn]lvt C0fLsf] gfddf C0f r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] qmdzM k}tL; lbg], kGw| lbg], ;ft lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt ubf{ ;d]t xfn;Dd klg C0f r'Qmf ug{ ;Dk{sdf gcfpg' ePsf]n] k'gM of] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}tL;_ lbg leq o; ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf, ag]kf g=kf–&, rf/bf]af6f]df ;Dk{s /fvL ;+:yfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ C0fsf] ;Dk'0f{ ;fFjf, Jofh tyf xh{gf /sd ;d]t r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . cGoyf ;xsf/L P]g @)&$, ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&%, afudtL k|b]z ;xsf/L P]g @)&^, afudtL k|b]z ;xsf/L P]g @)&^ / ;+:yfsf] ljlgod tyf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;+:yfsf] n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ ug{ lwtf] aGws lnnfd lalqmdf /fv]sf] tkl;ndf pNn]lvt crn ;Dklt 3/÷hUuf ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf af]nsaf]n4f/f lnnfd a9fa9af6 lnnfd lalqm u/L ;Dk'0f{ C0f wg c;'n pk/ ul/g] hfgsf/L u/fpb}, lnnfd lalqm ;sf/ u/L lng OR5's C0fL, JolQmut hdfgL lbg] JolQmx? tyf cGo ;Dk'0f{ dxfg'efjx?nfO{ o;} ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf 4f/f ;'lrt u/LG5 . ;fy} C0fL hdfgLstf{ ;d]tnfO{ sfnf];'rLdf ;dfj]; ;d]t ul/g]5 . tkl;n C0fLsf] kmf]6f] C0fLsf] ljj/0f JolQmut wghdfgLsf] ljj/0f wghdfgLsf] kmf]6f] gfd M– k|sfz yfkf gfd M lgd]z nfdf afa'sf] gfdM– /fd axfb'/ yfkf afa'sf] gfd M u0f]z nfdf afh]sf] gfdM– z]if axfb'/ yfkf afh]sf] gfd M kf;fª nfdf :yfoL 7]ufgf M lhNnf sfe|] uf=lj=; lzv/ cfDaf]6] :yfoL 7u]fgf MlhNnf sfe|] uf=kf= /fz ] L j8f g+ ! j8f g+= )^ xfnsf] 7]ufgf MlhNnf sfe]| uf=kf= xfnsf] 7]ufgf MlhNnf sfe]| g=kf= kgf}lt j8f g+= )% /f]zL j8f g+ ! gf= k|=g+ M!@%*%% gf= k|=g+ M #)–)!–&%–)@##& hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M@)^)÷!!÷@* hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M @)&%÷)@÷#) -sfe]|knf~rf]s_ -sfe]|knf~rf]s_ lwtf] /f]Ssf /x]sf] ;DklQ ljj/0fM– lgd]z nfdfsf] gfddf dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe]|knf~rf]s w'lnv]ndf btf{ >]:tf sfod /x]sf] sfe]|knf~rf]s lhNnf gdf]a'4 g=kf= j8f g+= )# df /x]sf] hUufsf] lstf g+= %)&÷%)(÷%!! / %(@ qmdzM If]qkmn )–%–)–)÷ )–!)–)–@ ÷ )–!!–@–), / ^–!@–!–@ ePsf] hUuf / ;f] n] rr{]sf] lnulnufkft ;d]t . lnnfdsf zt{x? M– != lnnfddf clGtd k6s ;j}eGbf a9L af]nsaf]n ug]{ JolQmn] cfkm'n] sa'n u/]sf] c+ssf] bz k|ltzt n] x'g] /sd gub} w/f}6L afkt t'?Gt o; ;+:yfdf a'emfpg' kg]{5 . @= lnnfd ;sf/ ug]{ JolQmn] ;sf/ u/]sf] d'Nosf] bz k|ltzt /sd ;f]xL lbgdf ga'emfPdf lgh kl5 ;a}eGbf a9L /sd af]Ng JolQmsf] gfddf lnnfd ;b/ ul/g]5 . #= lnnfd ;sf/ ug]{ JolQmn] :jLs[tL kq kfPsf] ldltn] & lbg leq afFsL /sd a'emfO{ gfd;f/L ug'{kg]{5 . gfd;f/L ul/ glnPdf w/f}6L afkt /x]sf] bz k|ltzt /sd :jtM hkmt x'g]5 . $= tf]lsPsf] lbgdf ;fj{hlgsljbf k/]df To;sf] nut} ;/sf/L sfof{no v'Ng] lbg lnnfd a9fa9 x'g]5 . %= lnnfd 8fFs a9fa9 ubf{ ;a}eGbf a9L af]Ng] JolQmnfO{ crn ;DklQ lbg] jf glbg] ;Dk'0f{ clwsf/ ;+:yfdf ;'/lIft x'g]5 . ^= lnnfd lalqm x'g] crn ;DklQ 3/÷hUuf ;DalGwt sfuhftx? x]g{ rfxg'x'g] dxfg'efjx?n] o;;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf ;do leq ;Dks{ /fVg;Sg'x'g]5 . &= ;xsf/L P]g, ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, ;+:yfsf] ljlgod cg';f/ lnnfd lalqm ug'{kg]{ hfoh]yf lnnfd lalqm ubf{ s;}n] g;sf/]df ;+:yfn] pQm ;DklQsf] :jfldTj cfkm'df lng ;Sg]5 . *= lnnfd lalqm ubf{ nfu]sf] ;Dk'0f{ vr{x? C0fL :j+od\n] Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 . (= ;+:yfdf ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] crn lwtf]af6 ;Dk'0f{ shf{ /sd c;'n pk/ gePdf C0fLsf] gfddf /x]sf] cGo rncrn ;DklQaf6 ;d]t c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 . !)= lnnfd ;sf/ ug]{ JolQmn] bf=vf= ubf{ nfUg] ljleGg s/ :jo+n] ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 .

C0fL ;b:ox?nfO{ C0f r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] #% lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.)@.)# ut]

o; ;xsf/Lsf] tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLx?n] o; ;xsf/Laf6 ljleGg lzif{s cGtu{t lnPsf] C0fsf] e'QmfgL ;DaGwdf o; ;xsf/L ;+u u/]sf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd ;do ;dodf ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ ;f+jf, Jofh, cGo b:t'/ cflb glt/L ga'emfO{ ;xsf/L;+u ePsf] C0f ;DaGwL zt{ aGb]hx? pNn+3g ug'{ ePsf]n] tkfO{ pk/ C0f nufot ;+:yfsf] n]gf /sd ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf e'Qmfg ug{ k6s k6s t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ;+:yfsf] C0f r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug]{ tkm{ s'g} rf;f] gb]vfO{ j]jf:tf ug'{ ePsf]n] tkfO{ tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLsf] gfpFdf C0f r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{ of] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq o; ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ /flv cfkm'n] lnPsf] C0fsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;f+jf, Jofh, cGo b:t'/ cflb r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug'{xf]nf . cGoyf ;+:yfsf] lgod tyf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd o; ;+:yf;+u tkfO{n] u/]sf] C0f ;Demf}tf adf]lhd sfg"gL sf/jfxL u/L lwtf]df lbPsf] 3/÷hUuf lnnfd laqmL u/L ;+:yfsf] n]gf c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 . ;fy} lwtf]sf] 3/÷hUufn] ;+:yfsf] n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]df hdfgL lbg]sf] ;DklQ /f]Ssf /fvL c;'n pk/ ul/g] x'Fbf JolQmut hdfgL lbg' x'g] ;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efjn] ;d]t o;} ;"rgfaf6 hfgsf/L lng' x'g ;"lrt ul/G5 / lwtf] g/x]sf] xsdf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntdf d'bf btf{ ul/ jf cGo s'g} pko'Qm Joj:yf ul/ ;+:yfsf] n]gf afFsL /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] tyf #% lbg leq C0f r'Qmf e'Qmfg gu/]df C0fL / JolQmut hdfgLstf{nfO{ ;d]t shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;'lrdf gfd ;dfj]z ug{] k|s[of cl3 a9fOg] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;'rgfaf6 hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

C0fLsf] ljj/0f gfd M cGhgf sfsL{ afa'sf] gfd M ;f]d k|;fb ltdlN;gf kltsf] gfd M /fh' sfsL{ :yfoL 7]ufgf M sf7df08f} lhNnf sf7df08f} g+ kf÷uf=lj=; j8f g+= @@ xfnsf] 7]ufgf Msfe]| lhNnf ag]kf g=kf j8f g+= !$, gf= k|=g+ M !)#(*! hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M @)%*÷)(÷@# -sfe]|knf~rf]s_ gfd M ;[hgf zfx afa'sf] gfd M e'k]Gb| laqmd zfx kltsf] gfd M OZj/ s'df/ zfx :yfoL 7]ufgf M sfe|] lhNnf w'lnv]n g+ kf÷uf=lj=; j8f g+= )* xfnsf] 7]ufgf Msfe]| lhNnf w'lnv]n g=kf j8f g+= )*, gf= k|=g+ M#)–)!–)^&–(*!$ hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M @)^&÷)^÷!!-sfe]|knf~rf]s_ gfd M lah]z e}n afa'sf] gfd M w'a{ gf/fo0f e}n afh]sf] gfd M r]t gf/fo0f e}n :yfoL 7]ufgf M sfe|] lhNnf ag]kf g+ kf÷uf=lj=; j8f g+= )% xfnsf] 7]ufgf Msfe]| lhNnf ag]kf g=kf j8f g+= )*, gf= k|=g+ M%@&!&÷&%$ hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M @)%!÷)*÷)^ sfe]|knf~rf]s_ gfd M lblnk tfdf· afa'sf] gfd M k]|d s'df/ tfdfª afh]sf] gfd M rs| bf]h tfdfª :yfoL 7]ufgf M sfe|] lhNnf dxfsf+nrf}/ g+ kf÷uf=lj=; j8f g+= )* xfnsf] 7]ufgf M sfe]| lhNnf kgf}lt g=kf j8f g+= )%, wg]Zj/ gf= k|=g+ M !$&%&$ hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M @)^@÷!)÷!$_ sfe]|knf~rf]s_ gfd M ;lGbk h+u /fodfhL afa'sf] gfd M/fh' /fodfhL afh]sf] gfd Mj]b axfb'/ /fodfhL :yfoL 7]ufgf M lhNnf sfe|] g+ kf÷ uf=lj=; kgf}lt, j8f g+= )$ xfnsf] 7]ufgf M lhNnf sfe]| g=kf kgf}lt j8f g+= )$ gf= k|=g+ M&#$) hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M@)==÷==÷==-sfe|]knf~rf]s_

tkl;n C0fLsf] kmf]6f]

JolQmut wghdfgLsf] ljj/0f wghdfgLsf] kmf]6f] gfd M cfs[lt sfsL{ afa'sf] gfd M /fh' sfsL{ afh]sf] gfd Muf]kfn sfsL{ :yfoL 7]ufgfM sfe]| lhNnf ag]kf g+ kf÷ uf=lj=; j8f g+ !$ xfnsf] 7]ufgf M sfe]| lhNnf ag]kf g=kf j8f g+= !$ gf= k|=g+ M#)–)!–&$–!@@@& hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M @)&$÷!)÷)# -sfe]|knf~rf]s_ gfd M ======== afa'sf] gfd M ========== afh]sf] gfd M ========== :yfoL 7]ufgfM ==== lhNnf ==========g+ kf÷uf=lj=; j8f g+==== xfnsf] 7]ufgf M ======= lhNnf ====== g=kf j8f g+=== ===== gf= k|=g+ M======= hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M ======== gfd M ======== afa'sf] gfd M ========== afh]sf] gfd M ========== :yfoL 7]ufgfM ==== lhNnf ==========g+ kf÷uf=lj=; j8f g+==== xfnsf] 7]ufgf M ======= lhNnf ====== g=kf j8f g+=== ===== gf= k|=g+ M======= hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M ======== gfd M ;ljtf tfdf· afa'sf] gfd M k]|d s'df/ tfdfª afh]sf] gfd M rs| bf]h tfdfª :yfoL 7]ufgf sfe|] lhNnf dxfsf+n rf}/ g+ kf÷uf=lj=; j8f g+= )* xfnsf] 7]ufgf M sfe]| lhNnf kgf}lt g=kf j8f g+= )%, wg]Zj/ gf= k|=g+ M !@^@)) hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M @)^)÷!@÷!) sfe]|knf~rf]s_ gfd M /fh' /fodfhL afa'sf] gfd Mj]b axfb'/ /fodfhL afh]sf] gfdM kbd axfb'/ /fodfhL :yfoL 7u]fgf MlhNnf sfe|] g+ kf÷uf=lj=; kgfl}t, j8f g=+ )$

xfnsf] 7u]fgf M lhNnf sfe|] g=kf kgfl}t j8f g=+ )$

gf= k=|g+ M#&#)^÷@)#

hf/L ldlt / lhNnf M@)$&÷!@÷!! sfek|] nf~rfs ] _

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s @* @)*! h]7 # ut] ljxLjf/

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@ ut]

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@ ut]

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf rf}/Lb]p/fnL uf=kf= j8f g+= ^ a:g] of]udfof uf}tdn] d]/f klt lbngfy uf}tdsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= lbngfy uf}tdsf] ldlt @)^$.$.#) df cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] / lghsf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] xsbf/df d Psdfq >LdtL of]udfof uf}td ePsf] xb'Ff pQm lsQf hUuf d of]udfof uf}tdsf] gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gf=;f= u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gf=;f= ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj;

j8f g+= ls=g+=

sflQs] b]p/fnL

@

$*) !#% !#&

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd !–!)–@–! lbngfy uf}td )–!%–!–# &–$–@–#

s}lkmot

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ;fljs b]je"ld afn'jf uf=lj=;= j8f g+= # xfn kfr F vfn g=kf= j8f g+= !@ a:g] lbks bg'jf/ ;d]tn] xfdLx?sf xh'/a'af lht axfb'/ bg'jf/sf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] tkl;ndf pNn]lvt hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= k'gnfn bg'jf/sf] ldlt @)^).!@.!# / lghsL >LdtL sfG5L bg'jf/sf] ldlt @)&$.&.!% df cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf]df lghx?sf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] xsbf/df lghx?af6 hfohGd ePsf] lbks bg'jf/–!, lbg]z bg'jf/–!, lblnk bg'jf/–!, clgn /fO{–! / ;'/]z bg'jf/–! hgf % ePsf]df xfd|f] gfddf ;+o'Qm 5'6 hUuf btf{÷gf=;f= u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gf=;f= ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; xf]S;]ahf/

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd

j8f g+= ls=g+= #

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

%^$ %*&

)–^–!–) )–^–#–)

s}lkmot

k'gnfn bg'jf/

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@ ut]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf d08gb]pk'/ g=kf= j8f g+= ( a:g] sfG5Ldfof tfdfª ;d]t hgf % n] xfd|f ;;'/f xh'/a'af s]/l;+ tfdfªsf] gfdsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] tklzndf pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf h=w= s]/l;+ tfdfªsf] ldlt @)%$.%.!$ df / lghsL >LdtL df]ltdfof tfdfªsf] ldlt @)#$ ;fneGbf cfufl8 g} cf–cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] lghx?af6 hfohGd ePsf 5f]/fx?df Odfg l;+ tfdfª, ;gdfg tfdfª / ;fg' tfdfª /x]sf] lghx?sf] klg qmdzM ldlt @)^^.^.@), ldlt @)&@.!.!@ / @)^&.!).@) df cf–cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] ;gdfg tfdfªsf] >LdtL nIdLdfof tfdfªsf] ldlt @)&%.@.@@ df d[To' eO{ lghx?af6 hfohGd ePsf xsvfg] # efO{ 5f]/fx? xs{axfb'/ tfdfª, /fdnfn tfdfª / k|]dnfn tfdfª ePsf] xb'Ff lghx?sf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] xsbf/df xfdL lgj]bsx? sfG5Ldfof tfdfª, ;Grdfof tfdfª, xs{axfb'/ tfdfª, k|]dnfn tfdfª / nIdL tfdfª ePsfn] xfd|f gfddf btf{÷gf=;f= u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gf=;f= ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj;

j8f g+= ls=g+=

dxfb]j:yfg

*

@(( @($

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd !)–@–!–) s]x]/l;+ tfdfª !–(–!–#

s}lkmot d08gb]pk'/ g=kf=sf] r=g+= *!# ldlt @)*).!!.( sf] l;kml/;af6 s]/l;+ tfdfª / s]x]/l;+ tfdfª b'j} gfd u/]sf] Pp6} JolQm elg l;kmfl/; ePsf] .

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@ ut] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ;fljs ;:o'{vs{ uflj; j8f g+= % xfn t]dfn uf=kf= j8f g+= @ a:g] b'uf{nfn tfdfªn] xfd|f] 7"nf]a'af tyf h]7fh' dfgaxfb'/ tfdfªsf] ;fljs nutaf6 le8\g] tklzndf pNn]lvt hUuf lkmN8a'sdf n]lvPsf dfgaxfb'/ tfdfªsf] ldlt @)$%.*.!) df cljjflxt cj:yfdf cfkm\gf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] / lghsf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] xsbf/df xfdLx? efO{ k"0f{axfb'/ tfdfª ePsf]df k"0f{ axfb'/ tfdfªsf] ldlt @)%!.%.!) df d[To' ePsf] xb'Ff lghsf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] glhssf] xsbf/df Psdfq >LdtL sfG5L tfdfª / Psdfq 5f]/f b'uf{nfn tfdfª ePsf] xb'Ff pQm lsQf hUuf xfdLx?sf gfddf ;+o'Qm 5'6 hUuf btf{÷gf=;f= u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd lghx?sf] gfddf ;+o'Qm btf{÷gf=;f= ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 .

Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; ;:o{'vs{

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@ ut] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf xfn kgf}tL g=kf= j8f g+= & a:g] dR5] gf/fo0f sdf{rfo{n] d]/f lktf /Tgnfn sdf{rfo{sf] ldlt @)$).!.!) df / lghsL >LdtL rd]nL sdf{rfo{ ldlt @)#^ ;fn eGbf cufl8 g} cf–cfˆgf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] / lghx?af6 hfohGd ePsf 5f]/fx?df /TgeQm sdf{rfo{, gf/fo0feQm sdf{rfo{, OGb|eQm sdf{rfo{, s]bf/eQm sdf{rfo{, OZj/eQm sdf{rfo{ / dIf] gf/fo0f sdf{rfo{ ;d]t ^ hgf ePsf]df 5f]/fx?dWo] sfG5f] 5f]/f dIf] gf/fo0f sdf{rfo{ afx]s cGo 5f]/fx? qmdzM ldlt @)%*.@.#, ldlt @)%&.!.!$, ldlt @)$*.#.*, ldlt @)%#.&.!( / ldlt @)&@.!).!) df cf–cfˆgf] sfnultn] d[To' ePsf] lghx?sf] d[To'kl5 xsvfg] xsbf/x?df qmdzM dIf] gf/fo0f sdf{rfo{–!, u+ufdfof sdf{rfo{–!, ;Togf/fo0f sdf{rfo{–!, /ljGb| eQm sdf{rfo{–!, gljgeQm sdf{rfo{–!, k'0o]Zj/L sdf{rfo{–!, kfj{tL sdf{rfo{–!, c?0f sdf{rfo{–!, 7fs'/eQm sdf{rfo{–!, ;/:jtL sdf{rfo{–!, /ldtf sdf{rfo{–!, dGh' tfdfª sdf{rfo{–!, k'ik/fd sdf{rfo{–!, lji0f'b]jL sdf{rfo{–!, df]xg sdf{rfo{–!, afns[i0f sdf{rfo{–!, cf]d sdf{rfo{–!, /fdb]jL sdf{rfo{–!, xl/cf]d sdf{rfo{–! / /fdeQm sdf{rfo{–! ;d]t xsbf/ /x]sf] / ;fljs h=w= /Tgnfn sdf{rfo{ / lghsL >LdtL rd]nL sdf{rfo{nfO{ kfngkf]if0f, /]vb]v, :ofxf/ ;Def/ tyf sfhlqmof lghx?sf ^ efO{ 5f]/fx? dWo] sfG5f 5f]/f dIf] gf/fo0f sdf{rfo{n] u/]sf] elg kgf}tL g=kf= & j8f sfof{nosf] r=g+= !!)@ ldlt @)*).!!.( / kgf}tL g=kf=( j8fsf] r=g+= !#^@ ldlt @)*).!).!^ sf] l;kmfl/;af6 n]lv cfP adf]lhd lgj]bs dIf] gf/fo0f sdf{rfo{n] d]/f gfddf Psnf}6L btf{÷gf=;f= u/L kfpF elg lbg' ePsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+= vf]kf;L

@

If]qkmn

!!#! $–%–@–)

tkl;n lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd /Tgnfn sdf{rfo{

s}lkmot lkmN8a'ssf] df]lx dxndf btf{ g+= %&& l;;fsndn] n]v]sf] / df] l xsf xsbf/ ;" o { k | ; fb nfsf]h'sf] ;d]t ;+o'Qm dfu lgj]bg ePsf] .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.@.@ ut] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf kgf}tL g=kf= j8f g+= % a:g] nIdL >]i7 / z]/ axfb'/ >]i7 ;d]t hgf @ n] xfdLx?sf lktf /fdeQm >]i7n] /=g+= @!*# ldlt @)#@.!@.# df ;'h{ axfb'/ >]i7sf gfdaf6 /flhgfdf ul/ lnPsf] t/ ;j{] gfkLsf] ;dodf gfk gS;f eO{ lkmN8a's sfod xb'Ff lkmN8a'sdf ;'h{ axfb'/ >]i7 n]Vg' kg{]df e'na; u0f]z axfb'/ >]i7 n]lvg uPsf] pQm /flhgfdf lnvt adf]lhd bf=vf=ul/lng' kg{]df xfdLx?sf lktf /fdeQm >]i7sf] ldlt @)^%.(.@# df d[To' ePsf] / lghsf] d[To' kl5 xsvfg] xsbf/df xfdL 5f]/fx? nIdL >]i7 / z]/ axfb'/ >]i7 dfq ePsf] xb'Ff pQm /flhgfdf lnvt cg';f/ 5'6 hUuf btf{ gf=;f= tyf bf=vf= btf{ ul/ kfpF elg dfu lgj]bg eP adf]lhd pQm lnvt cg';f/ lgj]bsx?sf] gfddf btf{ bf=vf= gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xsef]u eP jf xs hfg ;Sg] jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf eP, dfu adf]lhd btf{÷gf=;f= ug{ gldNg] ePdf xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'sf] nflu #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] bfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm} jf jf/]z dfkm{t bfjL jf ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf Dofb leq ph'/ jf bfjL gk/L Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd gf=;f=÷btf{ eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] bfjL ph'/L dfly s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

tkl;n uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+= If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd ;'AafufpF

^

#&@ #*^

)–#–!–# )–!–!–#

u0f]zaxfb'/ >]i7

s}lkmot /=g+= @!*# ldlt @)#@.!@.# sf] /flhgfdf lnvtaf6 /fdeQm >]i7sf gfddf lnvt kfl/t ePsf]

tkl;n If]qkmn lkmN8a'ssf] h=w=sf] gfd

j8f g+= ls=g+= %

#$# #$& $@@ $#! #)$ #@& ### !!# !#( @$( @&% @ &^ (& *$@ (@$ $!%

)–!)–!–) )–@–)–# )–(–!–! )–#–)–@ )–#–)–@ )–%–@–) )–^–)–@ )–!)–@–! )–#–!–! $–!%–!–) )–!$–@–! !–$–@–) )–#–#–# )–$–!–) $–@–@–# )–!–#–@ )–!!–)–@

s}lkmot

dfg axfb'/ tfdfª

C0f r'Qmf ug{] ;DaGwL & lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt @)*! ;fn h]i7 dlxgf )# ut] lalxaf/ o; ;f/yL ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;++:yf ln=sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt C0fLx?n] Jofkf/ shf{ lzif{sdf lnPsf] shf{sf] ;fFjf, Jofh / cGo b}–b:t'/ ;d]t ltg{] a'emfpg] ;DaGwdf o; ;+:yf;+u u/]sf] zt{ sa'lnot pNn+3g ug'{ ePsf] / ;+:yfaf6 k6s k6s ?kdf df}lvs tyf lnlvt t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ;f] shf{sf] ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg{] ;fFjf Jofh tyf xhf{gf ;d]t r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{ cfpg] tkm{ s'g} rf;f] gb]vfpg' ePsf] / gcfpg' ePsf]n] ;Dk'0f{ shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg' x'g egL ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg ldltdf kq, e]63f6, ljleGg ;+rf/ dfWodaf6 t/÷tfs]tf ul/Ptf klg shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg tkm{ s'g} kxn gul/ cfn6fn u/]sf]n] ;+:yfsf] shf{ c;'nLsf] nflu of] & lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] 5 . pQm ;dofjlw leq C0fLn] shf{ glt/]df C0lL / hdfgLstf{x? cfkm}n] pQm shf{ lnFbf u/]sf] JolQmut wghdfgL ,lnvtsf zt{ sa'n cg';f/ cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L, bfloTjdf kg{ hfg] x'Fbf shf{;+u ;da2 ;a} kIfx?nfO{ ;d]t o;} ;"rgf dfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . ;fy} tf]lsPsf] ldlt leq aSof}tf /sd e'Qmfg x'g gcfPdf C0fL tyf wg hdfgL stf{sf] ltg k':t] gfdfjnL kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] klqsfdf k|sfzg ug]{, shf{ lnbfF n]lvlbPsf] ;'/If0f lwtf] lnnfd laqmL k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg] ,;xsf/L shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{] Pjd\ k|rlnt P]g, sfg'g adf]lhd d'2f bfo/ u/L shf{ c;'n pk/sf] k|s[of cufl8 a9fOg] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgf 4f/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

tklzn C0fLsf] gfd, y/ / jtg ;=g=–(*^ != gfd, y/ M s'df/ k|;fb bfxfn 7]ufgf M xfn ag]kf–!!, sfe|] .

qm=;+=

;=g=–&^( @= gfd, y/ M ljsf; >]i7 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n=–$, sfe|] . ;=g=– %! #= gfd, y/ M O{Zj/ /f0ff 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n–^, sfe|] . ;=g=–@#$^ $= gfd, y/ M ljz]Zj/ a~hf/f 7]ufgf M dNkL–#, kgf}tL , sfe|] . ;=g=–$^# %= gfd, y/ M xl/ axfb'/ ldhf/ 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n–&, sfe|] . ;=g=–&@* ^= gfd,y/ M lktfDa/ rf}nfufO{ 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n=–@, sfe|] .

;fIfL÷hdfgLstf{ != gfd, y/ M lzj sdf/L bfxfn ;+ g+= M!@)% @= gfd, y/ M ;/f]h bfxfn ;+ g+= M!@)$ != gfd, y/ M k|sfz kl/of/ ;+ g+= M%%# @=gfd, y/ M ljBfnIdL >]i7 != gfd, y/ M /fh]Gb| du/ ;+ g+= M#!@

!= gfd, y/ M >L /fd yfkf du/ != gfd, y/ M d}of rf}nfufO{

;=g=–&## &= gfd, y/ M nIdL s[i0f a'9f >]i7 7]ufgf M xfn ag]kf–!!, sfe|] .

!= gfd, y/ M Zff]ef ldhf/

;=g=–!!(* *= gfd,y/ M 808kfgL bfxfn 7]ufgf M xfn ag]kf–!!, sfe|] . ;=g=–!!^# (= gfd,y/ M tf/f l3ld/] 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n–@, sfe|] .

!= gfd,y/ M /fh]Gb| bfxfn ;+ g+= M !@)# != Gffd, y/ M Zofd s'df/ sfsL{ ;+ g+= M !#*^

ag]kf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–*, sfe|] kmf]g g+= )!!–^^)$^@

shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] #% lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*!.)@.)# ut] lalxaf/

tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLx?n] o; ag]kf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=af6 laleGg lzif{s cGtu{t shf{ lnO{ ;f] shf{sf] ;fFaf, Jofh glt/L afls aSof}tf /fv]sf]n] ;f] afls aSof}tf a'emfpg Nofpg' egL k6s k6s lnlvt tyf df}lvs ?kdf cg'/f]w ubf{ klg j]jf:tf u/L a:g'ePsf]n] ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf pkl:yt eO{ cfk"mn] lnPsf] shf{sf] afls aSof}tf a'emfpg Nofpg' x'g tkl;nsf C0fLx?sf] gfddf of] #% -k}tL; lbg] _ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #%-k}tL;_ lbg leq o; ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf pkl:yt eO{ cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{sf] afls aSof}tf ltg{, a'emfpg cfpg' jf ltl/a'emfO{ ;s]sf] eP ;f] sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg' xf]nf . of] ;"rgf adf]lhd cfk"mn] lnPsf] shf{sf] afls aSof}tf ltg{, a'emfpg cfpg' jf ltl/a'emfO{ ;s]sf] eP ;f]sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg' ePg eg] tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fLx?, JolQmut tyf wghdfgL lbg] JolQmx? pk/ ;xsf/L P]g @)&$, ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&%, cGo k|rlnt sfg'g tyf o; ;+:yfsf] shf{ c;'nL lgod adf]lhd sfg'gL sfj{fxL jf lwtf] lnnfd lalqm u/L ;f] df nfu]sf] vr{ ;lxt afls aSof}tf c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 . JolQmut tyf wghdfgL lwtf] lnnfd laqmLaf6 afls aSof}tf /sd k'/} c;'n pk/ ge gk'u ePdf gk'u /sd tkl;nsf C0fL jf lghx?sf] Psf;uf]nsf c+lzof/sf] gfpFdf /x]sf] cGo hfoh]yfaf6 klg c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 . ;fy} tkl;ndf pNn]lvt hdfgL stf{n] :jod\ ;+:yfdf pkl:yt eO hdfgt lbg] sfuh ul/lbg' ePsf] x'bfF oxf hdfgLstf{n] ;d]t pk/f]Qm Joxf]/f cjut u/L ;"rgfsf] Dofb leq ;+:yfnfO{ ltg{ a'emfpg kg]{ /sd e'QmfgL ug{ kxn ul/lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . cGoyf ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] /sd sfg'gL k|lqmof ckgfO}{ c;'n ug'{sf ;fy} txfF nfO{ klg /k|rlnt lgod adf]lhd shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|df ;dfj]z ul/g] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;'rgf dfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . s_ JolQmut shf{ C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM /fd k|;fb l;Nksf/ afa'sf] gfdM k~rnfn l;Nksf/ afh]sf] gfd M b'uf{ bf; l;Nksf/ 7]ufgf M ag]kf–% xfn *,sfe]| gf=k|=g=M $&%!%÷!)&@ hf/L ldlt M @)%)÷)%÷)# lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM s}nfz knf~rf]s] afa'sf] gfdMb]j k|;fb knf~rf]s] afh]sf] gfd M cfzfsfhL knf~rf]s] 7]ufgf M ag]kf–* , xfn ag]kf & sfe]| gf=k|=g=M *#*@% hf/L ldlt M @)%(÷)@÷!& lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM k]|d nfn zflx a'jfsf] gfdM sGofnfn zflx jfh]sf] gfd M b]jbf; zflx 7]ufgfM ag]kf #, xfn ag]kf ( sfe]|M gf=k|=g= @)#$÷!&($ hf/L ldlt M @)$$÷!!÷!& lh=k|=sf= M sfe|] C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM ;'/]z >]i7 afa'sf] gfdM nf]s axfb'/ >]i7 afh]sf] gfd M xif{ axfb'/ >]i7 7]ufgf M ag]kf–&, xfn ag]kf * sfe]| gf=k|=g=M #&#(*÷&! hf/L ldlt M @)$&÷!@÷!& lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM rGb| axfb'/ /lGht afa'sf] gfdM Gx'5]nfn /lGht afh]sf] gfd M z+vnfn /lGht 7]ufgf M ag]kf–% xfn *, sfe]| gf=k|=g=M ()^%&÷@&&! hf/L ldlt M @)%&÷)@÷)# lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM ;l/tf zfxL afa'sf] gfdM nfn axfb'/ zfxL afh]sf] gfd M 6'Orf zfxL 7]ufgf M ag]kf–#,xfn (sfe]| gf=k|=g=M #)–)!–)^&–(**@ hf/L ldlt M @)^&÷)^÷!@ lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM ljho k|hfklt a'afsf]] gfdM ljZj /fd k|hfklt afh]sf] gfd Mla; nfn k|hfklt 7]ufgf M eQmk'/ xfn ag]kf *, sfe]| gf=k|=g=M !((*# hf/L ldlt M @)^!÷)$÷#@ lh=k|=sf= M eQmk'/ C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM lx/fzf]ef dfgGw/ a'afsf]] gfdM 1fgsfhL dfgGw/ afh]sf] gfd Mhut dfgGw/ 7]ufgf M ag]kf–^ xfn ag]kf –* , sfe]| gf=k|=g=M $&@$$÷!@^) hf/L ldlt M @)%)÷)$÷!& lh=k|=sf= M sfe]| knf~rf]s C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM hos[i0f a}w] a'jfsf] gfdM dfwa gf/fo0f a}w] afh]sf] gfd M s[i0fnfn a}B] 7]ufgf M l;Gw'kfNrf]s xfn ag]kf –* sfe]| gul/stf g+ M$*)&(÷!!@$(# hf/L ldlt M @)^)÷)#÷!^ C0fLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM dy'/f e08f/L kltsf] gfdM xl/s[i0f skfnL afh]sf] gfd MrGb|k|;fb skfnL 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n–&, sfe]| gul/stf g+ M hf/L ldlt M

tkl;n AolQmut wghdfgL

AolQmut wghdfgL

AolQmut wghdfgL gfdM k'0ob]jL zflx klt M k|]dnfn zflx ;;'/f M sGofnfn zflx 7]ufgfM ag]kf ( sfe|] Gff=k|=g+= #)!)%!÷!^!((( hf/L ldltM @)^$÷)#÷@( lh=k|=sf= sfe|] AolQmut wghdfgL

AolQmut wghdfgL

hdfgLstf{sf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM ;g zfxL

AolQmut wghdfgL

AolQmut wg hdfgL

hdfgLstf{sf] gfd / 7]ufgf gfdM xl/s[i0f skfnL lktfM rGb|k|;fb skfnL ;;'/f M dfgaxfb'/ skfnL 7]ufgf M anDa' sf7df08f} xfn w'lnv]n –&, sfe]| gf=k|=g=M !%!*( hf/L ldlt M lh=k|=sf= M sf7df08f}

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

kf“rvfndf af“w]/ hnfO{Psf] zj bf]nvfsf lji0f' ;'j]bLsf] ePsf] k'i6L w'lnv]n÷sfe|]sf] kfFrvfn $ lh/f]lsnf] l:yt d]nDrL hfg] ;8s v08af6 %) ld6/ tn ?vdf afFw]/ hnfO{Psf] cj:yfdf zj km]nf k/]sf JolQmsf] klxrfg v'n]sf] 5 . pQm zj bf]nvfsf] led]Zj/ gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ ^ sf %$ jlif{o lji0f'k|;fb ;'j]bLsf] /x]sf] cg';Gwfgaf6 v'n]sf] 5 . pgsf] h]7! ut] zj d+unaf/ g} k|x/Ln] cfkmGtnfO{ lhDdf nufPsf] 5 . p g L j}zfv @# ut] l6sfynLaf6 bf]nvf lxF8]sf kfl/jfl/s ;|f]tn] atfPsf] 5 . @# ut] a;af6 kfFrvfndf cf]ln{Psf ;'j]bL To;}lbgb]lv a]kQf lyP . l8PgP kl/If0f kl5 pgsf] zjsf] klxrfg ePsf] xf] . j}zfv @* ut] *M#) ah]sf] ;dodf kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf $ lh/f]lsnf] l:yt d]nlDr lh/f]lsnf] ;8s v08af6

c+GbfhL %) ld6/ tn la/fh] vf]N;f hËndf zj km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . d'v / 5fltdf kmnfdsf] tf/n] ?vdf afFw] cfuf] nufPsf] ca:yfdf d[t nfz km]nf k/]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . nlntk'/ lhNnf dfxfnIdL gu/kflnsf % l6sfynLaf6 lgl:sO{ ;Dks{df g/x]sf] @)*! a}zfv @$ ut] vf]htnf; u/Llbg cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . d[tssf 5f]/f #) alif{o ;'dg ;'a]bLn] c:ktfnsf] nfz u[xdf uO{ x]/L b]lv pQm nfzsf] d'vsf] dflyNnf] efudf # j6f / tNnf] efusf] bfFof k§L $ j6f / afFof k§L % j6f /x]sf] bfFt pQm c:ktfnsf] l/kf]6{af6 gSsnL /x]sf] d[tssf] 5f]/f ;'dg ;'a]bLn] yfxf kfO{ bfFtsf] cfwf/df d[ts nfz a'jfsf] ePsfn] ;gfvt u/L a'em]sf lyP . k|x/Ln] cg';Gwfg eO{/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

jif{ #) c+s @* @)*! h]7 # ut] ljxLjf/

w'lnv]ndf a]n;“u ljjfx w'lnv]n÷%) jif{ cl3 b]lv ko{6lso gu/L w'lnv]ndf z'? ePsf] a]n ljjfx ;lsPsf] 5 . w'lnv]nsf cnfjf ag]kf / kgf}tLsf ljleGg :yfgdf klg a]n ljjfx cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f:Fsl[ts ?kdf gj]f/L ;Eotf / al}2s ljwLåf/f x/s ] bO'–{bO'{ aifd{f wl'nvn ] df Gxl;h' kl/jf/n] an ] ljjfx ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . klxnf] lbg az } fv @& ut] u0fz ] / lzjsf] ljzi]f kh ' f cf/fwgf ub}{ z? ' ePsf] an ] ljjfx @* ut] al}2s ljwL cg;'f/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . wl'nvn ] df of] jif{ @) hgf sGofx?sf] an ] ;uF ljjfx ul/Psf] lyof] . agk]f / kgft}Ldf u/L Ps ;o eGbf w/]} sGofx?sf] an ] ;uF ljjfx ul/Psf] 5 . 3/sf ;b:ox? jf cfkmGtx?n]

lwd]afhf ahfpg l;s]sfnfO{ k|df0fkq kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ * n] ;+:s[lt ;+/If0f cleofg cGtu{t lwd]afhf ahfpg] tflnd ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . ut kmfu'g !) ut]b]vL ;'? ul/Psf] pQm tflnddf @$ hgf ;xefuL lyP . k|df0f kq ljt/0f sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf gu/k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, pk–k|d'v lutf a~hf/f, ;+kbf ;+/If0f lj1 /ljG› k'/L, ljleGg j8fsf j8f cWoIf nufot yfgLosf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltyL /fdz/0f e08f/Ln] P]ltxfl;s gul/ kgf}tLsf] klxrfgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbgsf] nflu klg ;:s[lt ;+/If0f h?/L /x]sf] atfP . ljleGg hfthflt / efiffefifLsf cf–cfkm\g} df}lns k/Dk/f /x]sf] eGb} gu/k|d'v e08f/Ln] ;+:s[lt / ;+kbf gu/kflnsfsf] ;Dklt ePsf] atfP . wfld{s gu/Lsf] ?kdf kl/lrt kgf}tLdf rlncfPsf k/Dk/fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg gu/kflnsfn] hfqfkj{ nufot x/] s lqmofsnfkdf ;xof]u ub{} cfPsf] pgsf] egfO{ 5 . sfo{qmddf pk–k|d'v lutf a~hf/fn] ljleGg l/ltl/jfh, wfld{s k/Dk/f efjL k':tfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg cfjZos /x]sf]df hf]8 lbOg . sfo{qmdsf ;efklt Pj+ kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ * sf j8f cWoIf a]bk|;fb a~hf/fn] k'v{fn] xfdLnfO{ ;'Dk]sf] ;+Dkbf / ;+:s[lt efjL k':tfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{] pb]Zosf ;fy lwd]afhf k|lzIf0f cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfP . sfo{qmddf sfo{kflnsf ;b:o rl08sf kl/of/, j8f ;b:o zf]ef sfs{L, /fh]G› s];L, ljZjgfy >]i7, j8f ;lrj /fhs'df/ >]i7, afnd}qL ;xhst{f uLtf yfkf nufotsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

;fl]x cj;/df sGofbfg ug]{ / kh ' f u/L cflzj{fb lngl]bg] rng 5 . g]jf/L ;d'bfosf sGofx?sf] /h:jnf x'g' cl3 slxNo} gs'lxg] / glau|g] a]n;uF ljjfx u/L afr'~h]n wfld{s ?kdf ljwjf gx'g] ljZjf;sf ;fy a]n ljjfxsf] cfof]hgf ul/b} cfPsf] 5 . w'lnv]ndf x/]s b'O{ jif{df Ps k6s a]n;uF sGofx?sf] ljjfx ug{] ul/Psf] 5 . sGofx?nfO{ vfnL k]6df ljjfx u/fO{ ;feFm ef]h v'jfpg] rng 5 . a]n'sf ;fydf eujfg lji0f';Fu ljjfx u/L lbg] / u'kmf /fVbf ;"o{;Fu ljjfx u/] kl5 sGofsf] kl5 x'g] ljjfxdf eljtJo k/]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t ;fdflhs ?kdf ljBjf eP klg wfld{s ?kdf ljBjf gx'g] ljZjf; 5 . w'lnv]ndf xl/s[i0f Gx'l;h' k|lti7fgsf] cfof]hgfdf k|To]s b'O{ jif{df Ps k6s sGofx?sf] ;fd'lxs ljjfx ul/ lbg] rng 5 . Olx k'hf cy{ft a]n ljjfxsf nflu cfjZos ;fdfu|Lx? s]lx dlxgf cl3 b]lv tof/L ul/G5 .

hGdM @)!@.(.@^

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.!.@^

:j= uf]s'ndfg >]i7 gfnf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;ldltsf ;b:o /Tgb]jL >]i7sf >Ldfg\ uf]s'ndfg >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7, cWoIf tyf gfnf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;ldlt kl/jf/, ag]kf–$, pu|r08L gfnf

cfof] 6Kk l6Kof] nUof] ldlt k'Uof] 6f/]/ 6b}{g Tof], OG›} lalGt u?g em's]/ kfpdf Tof] lalGt ;'Gb}g Tof],

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM !(*&.(.!&

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @)$).(.!&

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.!.#)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.@.!

:j= a'4dfof dfgGw/ o; c/lgsf] art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf ;+:yfks cWoIf Pj+ n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf ;+of]hs /fhefO dfgGw/ tyf ;+:yfks ;b:o Pj+ C0f pk;ldltsf ;b:o h'h'efO dfgGw/sf ddtfdoL dftf Pj+ o; ;+:yfsf h]i7 dlxnf ;b:o a'4dfof dfgGw/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] x'Fbf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

:j= hLjg yfkf o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;+:yfks ;b:o hLjg yfkfsf] cNkfo"d} c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] x'Fbf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

/f]hL d'gfsdL{ cWoIf tyf

cWoIf Pj+

l;4]Zj/ s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf–!), sfe|]

c/lgsf] art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf–*, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

hGdM @)$).(.!&

hGdM @))^.!.^

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.!.#)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*!.!.#)

:j= hLjg yfkf

:j= ;xs'n vqL

ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !) lgjf;L tyf ;]tLb]jL dlGb/ Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf Pj+ ;dfh;]jL hLjg yfkfsf] cNkfo"d} c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] x'Fbf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !) lgjf;L tyf efO{x? ldg/fh s];L, gj/fh s];L / b]j/fh s];Lsf k"hgLo lktf Pj+ ;dfh;]jL ;xs'n vqLsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] x'Fbf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

rGb|axfb'/ v8\sf j8f cWoIf

rGb|axfb'/ v8\sf j8f cWoIf

ag]kf gu/kflnsf !) g+= j8f sfof{no kl/jf/, k'nahf/, sfe|]

ag]kf gu/kflnsf !) g+= j8f sfof{no kl/jf/, k'nahf/, sfe|]

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

df]/flt

jif{ #) c+s @* @)*! h]7 # ut] ljxLjf/

d]/f] syf, d]/f] Joyf

sljtf

motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

d]/f] :d[ltdf dbg

Pp6f ;fF3'/f] gfnfdf axg] kfgL h:t} eP/ alu/x]sf s}of}+ eFufnf]?kL sDo"lgi6 e+ufnfx?nfO{ ljrf/sf] ljzfn gbL aufP/ To;d} Plss[t,;dflxt / ;';+ul7t ub{} ljrf/sf] gbL dbg alx/x\of], cljrlnt, clj/fd, j]ujfg .

ul/asf] rd]nL af]lNbg] sf]lx 5}g sf/fuf/ leqsf] gf/sLo hLjg . ljleGg ;f]r . t/ ;w} ;lDem/xg] Pp6} uLt 5 …ul/asf] rd]nL af]lnlbg]Ú sf]lx 5}g . ;fob lut n]Vg] / ufpg]x?n] To;} agfPsf x}gg\ . h'g tGq cfP klg ul/asf] kIfdf af]lnlbg] sf]lx 5}g . Tolx slyt tGq leqsf] u0ftGqdf klg xfdL To:t} lgotL ef]lu/x]sf 5f}+ . wtL{df kfO{nf 6]s]sf] @( cf}+ j;Gt kf/ ub{} ubf{ rf/ lbjf/ leq h]nsf] lr;f] s'gfdf a;]/ cfˆgf] cltt ;lDemb}+5' / kf]vfpb} 5' ;a} ;fd' . t/ dnfO{ s'g} b'Mv / kZrftfk nfu]sf] 5}g . ;fg}df afafsf] b]xj;fg kl5 cfdfsf] kfO{nf k5\ofp+b} xf]6nsf h'7f] lunf; dfem\b} afNosfn laTof] . ;fob efUo d} geP/ xf]nf, dnfO{ k9\g n]Vg eGbf klg Tolx h'7f] lunf; kvfNg / cfdfsf] l;sf] ug{df g} dHhf nfUYof] / uy{]+ klg . cfdfn] k9\g' k5{ 7'nf] dfG5] aGg' k5{ eGg' x'Fbf ;a}eGbf ufx|f] sfd Tolx k9\g] nfUYof] . $ ah] laxfg} p7]/ cfdf;Fu} afg]Zj/ rf]sdf lrofsf] ls6nL v]nfpFb}df k|To]s laxfgLn] ;"o{ hGdfpFYof] . To;kl5 eg] xfdL nfUYof}+ jf;:yfg lt/ hxfF h:tfs} 5fgf / h:tfs} 9f]sfn] xfdLnfO{ :jfut ul//x]sf] x'GYof] . xf] Tolx 5fk|f] leq xfdL cfdf 5f]/L cf]t nfUYof}+ . @,$ j6f 6'n /

x'g'x'Fbf] /x]5 t/ pxfFn] slxNo} cfdfnfO{ cfˆgf] 3/ nfg' ePg 5 . kl5 yfxf eof] dnfO{ d]/f] afaf If]qL / cfdf lj=s= ePsf]n] g} pxfFn] cfˆgf] 3/df nfg g;Sg'ePsf] /x]5 . hftLo 5'jf5'tsf] sf/0f plta]nf To:tf] uGwj{ ljjfxnfO{ h3Go ck/fwsf] ?kdf lnO{bf] /x]5 . sf7df8f}+ lt/} ;fgf] ltgf] 7]Ssfk§f ug{'x'GYof] afaf . lbge/Lsf] ysfg e'nfpgnfO{ xf]nf afaf x/]s ;fFem /S;L lkP/ cfpg'x'GYof] . Tolx gzfsf] emf]sdf afafn] cfdfnfO{ s'6L /xg'x'GYof] . cfdfsf] k6s k6ssf] cg'/f]wnfO{ afafn] nTofOlbg'x'GYof] . Psk6s To;/L g} /S;Ln] dfltP/ 3/ kmls{b}+ ubf{ snsL+ rf]sdf ;8s b'3{6gfdf k/]/ afafsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' eP5 . Tof] va/ ef]lnkN6 dfq} cfdf;Dd cfO{k'u]sf] /x]5 .

To;kl5sf lbgx? lgs} si6s/ eP cfdfsf] nflu . dnfO{ ;ls g;sL af]s]/ slxn] afn'jf rfNg, slxn] O{6fF af]Sg 3/ 3/ lx8\g' eP5 . To;} qmddf Pshgf /0fjL/ eGg]n] cfdfnfO{ p;}sf] 3/df efF8f dfem\g, sk8f w'g, af/Lsf] sfd ug{ nu]sf] /x]5 . To:tf] b'Mv u/]/ kf] x'sf{P . h;f]t;f] u/]/ ;fgf] 5fk|f] eP klg agfPsL 5' . tF klg x'ls{;\ . clxn] t ef/L af]Sg, h'7f] ef+8f dfem\g hfg' kb{}g . nfdf] Zjf; lnb} cfdfsf] d'xf/df ;Gtf]ifsf w;{fx? k|;:t} b]lvGYof] . h;nfO{ d Tof] r's 3f]lK6Pem} /ftdf klg hfhNojdfg eP/

cfpFb}gg\ . clg xfdL ef]s} a:g' k5{ .

To;}n] d}n] em'6 af]n]sf] x'F . ;fob pd]/n] To:t} #% hlt x'Gx'GYof] cfdf Toltv]/ . cfdfn] To;f] elg/xg'x'bfF d eg] lvGg e}/xGy]+ . d]/f] ;fyL kDkmfsf] afaf klg ljb]zd} x'g'x'GYof] . p;nfO{ p;sf] afafn] a]nf a]nfdf 3/ cfpbfF ld7f ld7f rsn]6, u'l8ofx? NofO{lbGy] . dnfO{ klg To;} ul/ rsn]6, u'l8of NofO{ lbg] d]/f] afaf e}lbP klg x'GYof] h:tf] nfUYof] . t/ d]/f] afaf cfpg'x'Gg eGg] ;Ton] dnfO{ vfO{/xGYof] leq leq} wld/fn] vfP h;/L . c?sf] v]nf}gf, vfg]s'/fx? b]Vbf 8fxf, Oiof{ nfUYof] . slxn] sfFlx sNkgf uy{]+ d]/f] afaf cfpg'x'G5 clg dnfO{ klg To;}u/L v]nf}gf, rsn]6, l6=eL NofO{ lbg'x'G5, clg d klg ;a} ;fyLx?nfO{ b]vfpFb} lx8\y]+ . ;fob hlt w]/} ?g' lyof] klxNo} /f]O{;s]sf]n] xf]nf d ca r'krfk lyP+ . hlt a]nf dnfO{ lr;f] e'O{+df n8fO{ /fv]/ cfdf sfd ug{'x'GYof] . csf{sf] h'7f] efF8f dfFem\bf, af/Ldf vghf]t ub{f, skf8f wf]O{ kvfnL u?Gh]n ;Dddf d k'/} lbzfdf nTklQPsf] x'Gy]+ . Toltv]/ d d?Gh]n /f]O{;s]/ lgnf] ePsf] x'Gy]+ . @)^! ;fn lt/sf] x'g'k5{ xfdL cfdf 5f]/L lbgrof{ ;s]/ uf]w'nL ;+u} cfkm\gf] 3/sf] cf]5\ofgdf ;':tfpb} lyof} . s]lx lbg la/fP/ xfd|f] 3/df /S;L vfg cfpg] h'+u] c+sn cfpg' eof] . pxfF k|fo xfd|f]df /S;L lkpg cfO/xg' x'GYof] . cfdf

nueu cfwf 306f hltsf] 3D;f3D;L kl5 d]/f] lzlyn z/L/nfO{ e"O{+df n8fP/ Tof] /fIf; nfUof] afy?d lt/ . d]/f] gf} gf8L un]sf] lyof] .

Tof] chËsf] /fIf;n] d ;fgL e'/LnfO{ d¥of{sd'?s kf/]sf]n] xf]nf ddf p7\g] zQmL ;d]t lyPg t/ leq leq} k|ltzf]wsf] Hjfnf ;NsFb} lyof] . d df Tof] /fIf; k|lt 3[0ff plDn/x]sf] lyof] . abnfsf] Hjfnfd'vL km'6\b} lyof] .

Pp6f lrof 6]a'n / s'gfdf Pp6f vf6 lyof] . ;DklQsf] gfddf Pp6f k'/fgf] cfwf P]gf km'6]sf] l:6nsf] b/fh xfd|} vf6sf] 5]pdf sfgf] dfG5] em}+ plePsf] lyof] . Pslbg cfdf / afafsf] egfeg kl5 afafn] cfdfnfO{ s'6\g' s'6];L afFsL l/; km]g{ d'Ssf ahfg{' efYof] /] Tof] b/fhdf . cfdfn] o:t} o:tf] cfˆgf] clttsf sxfgLx? ;'gfpg' x'Fbf ;'gL /xg dg nfUYof] . To;}n] k|To]s ;fFem cfdfnfO{ To:t} cfˆgf] sxfgL / syfx? ;'gfpg nufpFy] . cfdfn] d]/f] 6fpsf]df xftn] ;'d;'Dofp+b} cfˆgf] :d[ltsf kfgfx? kN6fpg' x'GYof] . d'5f{ k/]/ xfF:g'x'GYof] slxn]sfFxL cfFz'sf] e]n af9L aufpg' x'GYof] . cfdfsf] dfO{tL wflbË /x]5 . sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf sf7df8f}+sf] s'g} Pp6f /]:6'/fFdf sfd ub{} ubf{ pxfFsf] e]6 afaf;Fu ePsf] /x]5 . To;}lar cfdfnfO{ afafn] kmsfP/ lax] ug{' ef /x]5 . pd]/ klg xf]nf . b'a} Ps csf{k|lt cfsif{0f x'g' :jefljs lyof] . afaf rfFlx g'jfsf]6sf]

aln/x]sf] b]Vy]+, ;fFRr} eGg' kbf{ Toltv]/ d cfdfn] eGg'ePsf ToL syfx? /fd|f];Fu a'em\g ;Sg] eflyg\ . zx/ eGbf cln leq xfd|f] 6x/f] ePsf]n] plt xNnfvNnf eg] x'GgYof] . slxn] sfFlx Tof] h'Ë] c+sn eg] xfd|f] 3/df /S;L lkpg cfpFYof] . k|foM /ftL cfpFYof] . v} sltv]/ hfGYof] dnfO{ yfxf x'GgYof] . d laxfg p7\bf cfdf ;fljsdf em} b]lvg'x'GYof] . slxn] :6f]edf dl§t]n xfNb} t slxn] hls{gaf6 /S;L vNofpFb} . p7 P sdnL l56f] hfg'k5{ gq /fh'sL cfdf xfdL eGbf klxn] k'UnL eGb} cfdf dnfO{ af]nfpg' x'GYof] . d xfO{ sf9\b} p7]/ Ps}l5g 6\jfNn kl//xGy]+ . clg xtf/ xtf/ vf6af6 cf]n{]/ d'v} gwf]O{ kfgLsf] ;fgf] hlu{g af]s]/ cfdfsf] kl5 kl5 nfUy]+ lrof a]Rg . cfdf ;a}nfO{ afafsf] b]xjf;g e};s]sf] s'/f n'sfpFb} ljb]zdf x'g'x'G5 eGg'x'GYof] . dnfO{ crDd nfUYof] . kl5 d}n] cfdfnfO{ ;f]w] kl5 cfdfn] eGg'x'GYof] Psn dlxnfnfO{ dflg;x?n] x]K5g\ . xfd|f]df lrof lkpg klg

k|f]u|]l;esf] zfvf sfof{no :yfgfGt/0f ag] k f÷sf7df8f} d f skf] { / ] 6 sfof{no /x]sf] k|f]u|]l;e kmfOgfG; ag]kf zfvfsf] sfof{no :yfgfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . ag]kf !) hgfufnaf6 ag]kf & rf/bf]jf6f] rf]sdf sfof{no :yfgfGt/0f ul/Psf] xf] . k|f]u|]lze kmfOgfG;sf cWoIf nlIdk|;fb dxh{g, ;+rfnsx? /fhefO 8+uf]n, ;lagf dxh{g, cNsf hf]zL, sfo{sf/L k|d'v clgn s'df/ >]i7, k"j{ ;+rfns ;d'Gb|sfhL >]i7, g]kfn pWff]u afl0ffHo

;+3sf s]lGb|o pkfWoIf ;'/s[i0f a}w, sfe|] pWf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf /fh]Gb| k;5+], ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?af6 cWoIf, sfo{sf/L k|d'vx?, skf]{/]6 sfof{noaf6 Aoa:yfkgsf kbflwsf/Lx?, laleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlgwLx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] ;+:yfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . zfvf k|d'v /d]z ;+h]nn] zfvf :yfgfGtf/0fsf ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .

;+u ukm ub{} /S;L lkPsf] b]Vbf b]Vb} d lgbfpy]+ . t/ dnfO{ Tof] ;fFem lgb nfu]g . sflt{s dlxgf s7\ofFlË|bf] df};d aflx/ lztsf 7"nf 7"nf yf]kfx? em/]sf] k|i6} ;'lgGYof] 7\ofqms 7\ofqms h:tfdf . p;} t nf]8;]l8ªsf] df/ To;dfly ul/aLn] 5f]k]sf] xfd|f] 3/df alt aNg] s'/} lyPg . d}g aQLsf] dw'/f] k|sfzdf Tof] h'Ë] c+sn cfdf;+u v} s] s] xf] km':km';fpFb} lyof] . d lgbfP em} ul/ k'/} z/L/ l;/sn] 9fs]/ nDk;f/ kl//x]+ . c? t k|i6 ;'lgg t/ cfdfn] lar/L ;fg} 5] clxn] To;f] geGg';\ eGg'ePsf] ;'g]+ . 5ftL 9Ss km'Nof] . o;sf] ;fy} em:ofª x'g] ul/ 6]andf lunf; k5fl/Psf] cfjfh cfof] . ;fob h'Ë] c+snn] /S;L lkpFbf lkp+b} l/;n] k5f/]sf] lyof] . lunf; e'FO{df lgs} a]/ ;Dd 38Lsf] ;'O{ 3'd]em} bfofF afof lslq+u lslq+u 3'ld/x]sf] lyof] . h'+u] c+sn lg:s]/ nfUg' eof] . cfdfn] lgs} a]/ cg'go lago ug{' eof] t/ kms{]/ x]b{} gx]/L hfg' eof] . cfdf

9f]sfdf pe]/ lgSs} a]/ x]b{} x'g'x'GYof] . cfdfsf] Tof] cj:yf b]v]/ d}n] …cfdfÚ eg]/ af]nfPF pxfF eml:sg' ef] / 9f]sf nufpg' eof] . ;+u} 5]pdf cfO ;'Tg'ef] . d}n] cfdfnfO{ ;f]Wg] k|of; u/]+ .

Tof] c+snsf] s[kfb[i6L xfdL dfly k/]sf] x'bfF pxfFn] h] eGg'x'GYof] Tof] cfdfn] dfGg' x'GYof] . To;}sf] kmfO{bf p7fP/ Tof] c+snn] dnfO{ pxfFsf] 3/df sfd ug{ k7fO{b] eGg' ePsf] /x]5 . t/ cfdfn] d ;fg} ePsf]n] k7fpg dfGg' ePg5 . To;}n] Tof] lbg c+sn l/;fP/ hfg' ePsf] /x]5 . cfdfn] Tolt eGg' ePkl5 d]/f] dgdf cg]s s'/fx? v]Ng yfNof] . To;kl5 d}n] cfdf;+u l9kL ug{ yfn] d Tof] c+snsf]df uP/ sfd u5{' . cfdfn] klxn] t dfGb} dfGg' ePg kl5 c;fWo} s/ u/] kl5 dfGg' eof] .

Tolt v]/ Tof] c+snsf] 5f]/f a'xf/L ci6«]lnof k9\g uPsf lyP . cfdfn] cuf8Lsf] k;naf6 kmf]g u/]/ Tof] c+snnfO{ af]nfpg' eof] . c+sn klg tLg laQf pk|m]/ cfO{k'Ug' eof] . c+snsf] ;fydf sfd ug{] Pp6f a'9f] g} /x]5 . hf] x]bf{ ;8s lt/ gfDnf] af]Sb} efl/ vf]lh lx+8\g] em}F b]lvGYof] . Tof] sfd ug{] a'9f dfG5] tn u]6 glhs}sf] 6x/fdf a:bf] /x]5 . Toqf] 3/df c+sn PSn} a:bf /x]5g . xfdL k'Ugf ;fy c+snn] a9f] v'zLsf ;fy :ofp cgf/ vfg lbg'eof] . clg xfdL cfdf 5f]/Ln] vfg Eofpg ;fy nf} ladnL ltdL hfp ca oL sdnL ot} a:5] a]nf a]nfdf ltdLnfO{ e]6\g cfpF5] eGb} cfdfnfO{ hlt l56f] lg:s]/ hfcf];\ em}+ eGg' ef] . dg gnfuL gnfuL cfdf cldnf] d'v kfb{} lgl:sg' eof] . sdnL /fd|/L a:g' cfkm\g' Vofn ug{' clg sfd ;Sg] ;fy a]n'sL a]n}df 3/df cfpg' x} eGb} cfdf lg:sg' eof] . cfdf lgl:sg' ePsf] b'O{ ldg]6 klg ePsf] lyPg . Tolx c+snn] w]/} lbgsf] ef]sf] af3n] em} dnfO{ emD6\of] . s] eof] eg]/ hfGg gkfpFb} dnfO{ lyr]/ d]/f] z/L/;+u dgdfgL ug{ yfNof] . d crlDdt lyPF . cl3;Dd b]jtf em} b]lvg] Tof] c+sn clxn] PSsf;L bfgj em} b]lvg yfn]sf] lyof] . lhGbuLdf ;f]+Rb} g;f]r]sf] d}n] ef]Ub} lyPF . d}n] c+sn s] ug{ vf]Hg' ePsf] < dnfO{ 5f]8\g';\ . t/ Tof] bfgj of}gsf] ltv{fn] olt 56\kl6Psf] lyof] ls d]/f] 56k6fx6nfO{ s]lx 7fg]g . d]/f] qmGbg ;'Gg] sf]lx lyPg .

3/ p;}sf], sf]7f p;}sf], leQf leQf / letfdf em'G8fPsf] tl:a/ klg p;s} lyof] . d aa{fb ePF . nueu cfwf 306f hltsf] 3D;f3D;L kl5 d]/f] lzlyn z/L/nfO{ e"O{+df n8fP/ Tof] /fIf; nfUof] afy?d lt/ . d]/f] gf} gf8L un]sf] lyof] .

Tof] chËsf] /fIf;n] d ;fgL e'/LnfO{ d¥of{sd'?s kf/]sf]n] xf]nf ddf p7\g] zQmL ;d]t lyPg t/ leq leq} k|ltzf]wsf] Hjfnf ;NsFb} lyof] . d df Tof] /fIf; k|lt 3[0ff plDn/x]sf] lyof] . abnfsf] Hjfnfd'vL km'6\b} lyof] . To;}n] l3;|b}

l3;|b}+ Tof] /fIf; uP lt/ uP+F . Tof] /fIf; kNnf] kl§ afy?ddf g'xfpFb} u/]sf] rfn kfPF . cl3 :ofp sf6\g k|of]u ul/Psf] rSs' e]6]+ . Tolx lnP/ la:tf/} la:tf/} cl3 a9]+ la/fnf] rfndf . d Tof] eP 7fpFdf k'Ug' cufj} g'xfP/ lgl:s;s]sf] lyof] .

Gofgf] 3fddf uD;fn] cfFª k'5\b} lyof] . crfgs d}n] ;f]Rb} g;f]r]sf] 36gf 36\of] .

Tof] /fIf; uD;f ;'sfpg a/08fdf 6fFluPsf] 8f]/L glhs k'u]sf] lyof] . s;f] s;f] uD;f ;+u;+u} Tof] cfkm} klg lgx'l/P5 . n838fP/ xf]nf ;fob cfkm\gf] z/L/ lgoGq0f ug{ g;s]/ Tof] % tnfsf] sf};Laf6 PSsf;L tn v'd{'l/of] . d cjfSs /x]+ . xtf/ xtf/ tn x]/]+ . Tof] 56k6fO{/x]sf] lyof] . cem} d/]sf] /x]g5 . cfkm} df5{' o;nfO{ eGg] ;f]r]/ rSs' xftd} af]s]/ e¥of+u vf]Hb} Ps xft leQf ;dfpb} Ps xftdf 5'/L ln+b} tn cf]ln{P+ .

Toltv]/ ;Dd w]/} dfG5] hDdf e};s]sf] /x]5 . xNnf vNnf x'g yfln;s]sf] lyof] . k'ln;sf] uf8L / ef8fsf uf8Lx? klg b]lvGYof] . d klg k'u]+ . d]/f] xftdf rSs' clg d]/f] cj:yf b]v]/ plgx?n] olx xf] xTof/f eGb} cf/f]ksf cf}+nfx? t];f{pg yfn] . d cndndf k/]+ . d ;Fu af]Ng ;Sg] ;fdYo{ g} lyPg . tTsfn k'ln;n] dnfO{ kqmfp u¥of] / xTs8L ;lxt uf8Ldf xfNof] . ;f/f ;a't k|df0f d]/f] lj?4df af]ln/x]sf] lyof] . d}n] cfˆgf] kIfaf6 s'g} ;kmfO{ lbg ;lsgF . g t d ;Fu d'2f n8\g] k};f g} lyof] . plgx?s} af]njfnf rNof] . d]/f] lj?4 d'2f btf{ eof] . k'k{Ifsf] nflu h]n rnfg ul/of] . d'2f km};nf eof] . dnfO{ cfhLjg sf/fjf;sf] ;hfoF ;'gfO{of] . of] ;a x]g{' afx]s c? s] ug{ ;Sy]+ / . gfaflnu lyPF . ltdL gfaflnu 5f} . gcflQg' eGb} cfZjf;gsf] ku/L u'Yb} d]/f] of}g cËdf ¥ofn r'xfpFb} 5fDg] k'ln;x?sf] sdL lyPg . p;f] t afnaflnsfsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu eg]/ vf]lnPsf ljleGGg ;+3;+:yf g cfPsf klg x}gg\ . t/ ;a}n] af]n] dfq} u/]gg\ s]lx . pd]/ hfFRg s]lx kl/If0fsf] nflu c:ktfn k'¥ofO{of] . To;kl5 d ;fFRr} Ps ck/fwL, Hofgdf/f s}bL ag]/ a:g ljjz ePF . t/ h]ndf a:g' kbf{ d]/f] s'g} u'gf;f] 5}g g t kZrftfk g} . dnfO{ d]/f] cfdfsf] lrGtf nlu/x]sf] 5 . xf], dnfO{ oxL h]n l7s 5 / Kof/f] nfU5, hxfF d}n] hLjg a'em\g ;s]+ . hut lrGg ;s]+ / lrGg ;s]+ of] b]zsf] lgod sfg'g .

/fdKof/L ljZjsdf{ s]lGb|o sf/fuf/ sf7df8f}+

-of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]n'sf * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

r08]Zj/L hfqfsf] cj;/df ag]kfdf vfgf dxf]T;j ag]kf÷sfe|] xf]6n tyf /]i6'/]G6 Aoj;foL ;+3 / sfe|] kf6L{ Kofn]; tyf Sof6/Lª ;+3n] ag]kfdf x'g] r08]Zj/L hfqfsf] cj;/df h]7 !) b]lv !@ ut];Dd /}yfg] vfgf dxf]T;j ug{] ePsf 5g\ . ag]kfdf cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf dxf]T;jsf ;+of]hs Zods'df/ efn' -d'gfn_ n] ag]kf hfqfsf] ljlzi6s[t tyf P]ltxfl;s / ;f+:s[lts wfld{s kj{sf] ?kdf dgfpg dxf]T;j cfof]hgf ul/Psf]

atfP . ag]kf hfqfsf] ljlzi6tfnfO{ cem} lrgf/L u/fpg / hfqfdf cfpg] kfx'gfx?nfO{ ;f]lx cj;/df vfg] ef]hsf kl/sf/x?nfO{ dxf]T;jdf k|:t't ul/g] ;+of]hs d'gfnn] atfP . dxf]T;jdf $% j6f;Dd :6n /xg]5g\ . ;f+:s[lts ;b\efj / Pstfsf] efjgf hfu[t u/fpg hfqfdf cfpg] kfx'gf tyf cltyL / ;xeflux?nfO{ ag]kfsf] /}yfg] g]jf/L vfgf ef]hsf] kl/ro u/fpg] tyf /}yfg] vfgfsf kl/sf/x?sf] k|j{4g ug{] pb]Zon] pQm

dxf]T;j cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf]6n tyf /]i6'/]G6 Aoj;foL dxf;+3sf s[i0f >]i7n] atfP . sfo{qmddf Sof6/LË ;+3sf cWoIf lzjk|;fb ltdlN;gf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;lrj slkn sf] O { / fnf nufotn] dxf] T ;j ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf AoQm u/]sf lyP . lhNnf e/ km}lnPsf xf]6n tyf /]:6'/]G6 / kf6L{ Kofn]; Aoj;foLx?n] vfgf dxf]T;j u/]sf] of] kfFrf} xf] .

cGt/fli6«o sDo"lgi6 cfGbf]ngdfly tf/Gtf/ wSsf k|xf/ e} /xFbf clg, lg/Gt/ k|ltqmflGtsf] 8/nfUbf] afbn d8fl/+b} ubf{, hgtflGqs, k|ultzLn / hgd"vL ljrf/nfO{ ljZj ;fd' k:s]/ r6\6fgL c8fg,r]tgf / b[li6sf]0fsf cAan g]tf dbg xfd|f ;fd' afFlr/x\of] . lhGbuLsf nfpFvfpF pd]/df b]zsf s'gfsfKrfdf s'b]sf kfOnfsf 8f]ax? ;fob d]l6Psf 5}gg\ xf]nf clg, ju{zq'n] yfxf kfpF5 ls elg df}g a|t lnP/ pgL lx+8]sf s'gf sGb/fx? pgsf] cfjfudgnfO{ cem} lgofln/x]5g\ xf]nf . b'Mv ljem\bf cfF;';Fu ;f6]g p;n] pT;fx slxNo} klg df/]g p;n] hj;Dd lhof] ;+3if{zLn eP/} lhof] ;+3if{;Fu ldQ]/L nfP/ lhof] cfd dfG5]sf lhGbuLsf] ;'vb eljiosf] cfzdf cljrlnt, clj/fd, lg/Gt/ s'lb/x\of] ;+3if{s} d}bfgdf . cfkm\gf] ;fd' plePsf] Pp6f l;Fuf] sfnf] o'u kG5fP/ pHofnf]sf] vf]hLdf ? clj/fd lxl8/x\of] g]kfnL cfdfsf] d'xf/df d':sfg Nofpg p;n] cfkm\gf sbd a9fO/x\of] clj/fd, cljrlnt . ;dfh kl/jt{gsf] cl;ldt cfsfFIff af]Sb} ljZjf;sf] ;u/dfyfdfly pleP/ rf/}lt/ x]l//x\of] pj8 vfj8,ptf/ r9fj,a]xf]l//x\of] t/ cxF lsdfy{ ljrlnt ePg\ ? kl/jt{gsf ;kgfx? 5ftLe/L ;hfP/ cf:yfsf] lr/funfO{ lgEg lbPgg\ y'k|} y'k|} cfFwLj]x/L;Fu h'lw/x\of] b'Mvsf s}og cUnf kxf8 rl9/x\of] 7]; nfUbf b'v]g sfF8fn] sf]/]g cfkm\g} cfFvf cufl8 ;fdGtL ;Qfn] ;xofqL 9fNbf klg, lg/f; ePg ? a? zf]snfO{ zlQmdf abNg] k|0f ub{} cf:yfsf] ;ltzfn dbg b[9tfk"j{s ple/x\of] . p;n] cf:yfsf] au}+rfdf ax'bnLo hgjfbsf] km"n /f]Kof] uf]8d]n u/\of] / htgn] x'sf{of] au}+rfsf] df6f] ;'xfpFbf] km"n lyof] Tof] ljZj kl/l:ylt cg's"nsf] lj?jf lyof] Tof] cefjsf] 3fp eP/ b'vfPsf hgtfsf] lglDt zLnttf 5g{] dNxd lyof] Tof] km"n ljZje/L km}ng ;Sg] af;gfbf/ lyof] Tof] km"n To;}n], ljZje/ b'MvL, >dlhjLx?sf] dg dgdf ;'uGw k'¥ofof] . cf:yfsf] km/flsnf] cfsf; l;jfo b]v]g s]xL dbgn] hgjfbsf] pHofnf] 3fd afx]s s]xL hfg]g p;n] ha;Dd, p ;z/L/ afRof] cf:yfsf] ;u/dfyf r'nfpFb} afFRof] hgtfdf cfzf / e/f];f hufpFb} afFRof] ha 9nfOof] if8oGqk"j{s dbg, ljrf/ leq afFlr/x\of], afFlr/x]5 / afFlr/xg]5 . xflb{s >4fGhnL . k|bLk ;fksf]6f

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# ut]b]lv % ut];Dd af]nLsf] k|efj a9\g'sf] ;fy} bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt x'g]5, ^ b]lv * ut];Dd cfkmGt;Fu j}/efj j[l4 xf]nf, a'waf/ eg] nfdf] ofqfdf ;dfj]z x'g'sf] ;fy} ;Gtfgaf6 ;'v k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç lg+ lglvn+ lg+ ç . ;ftfsf] dWo, ^–* ut];Dd zq'n] s'/f sf6\g'sf] ;fy} df]6f] wg/fzL vr{ xf]nf, afFsLsf lbgdf /f]huf/ k|flKt wgnfe tyf hflu/df ;Ddfg k|flKt, dfg;Ddfg a9\g'sf] ;fy} pkxf/ cflb j:t' k|flKt x'g]5 . dGq M ç zq'bdgfo km6\ M. #–% ut];Dd zq'x? ldqtfsf] xft cufl8 a9fpg cl3 ;g{] 5g\ tyf Jofkf/df nfe x'g]5, ^–* ut];Dd dfgl;s tyf zfl//Ls kL8fdf kl/Pnf eg] ( ut] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ ;kmn /xnf . dGqM ç gdf] gf/fo0ffo M.

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#–* ut];Dd ljz]if z'e ;do /x]sfn] dfg ;Ddfg j[l4, dgdf k|zGgtf, cfsl:ds wgnfe, k/fqmd j[l4 x'g]5 eg] clGtd lbg 3/fo;L emd]nf, lgb|fdf c;'ljwfsf] ;fy} b':jKg bz{g xf]nf . dGq M ç ;fDa;bf lzjfo gd M. #–* ut];Dd efUof]bosf] ;do /x]sfn] k"/] /fHoaf6 ;xof]u k|flKt, sfo{df ;kmntf, cfocfh{g j[l4sf] ;fy} sd{ k|flKt x'g]5 eg] ( ut] cgfjZos wg vr{ tyf dfgl;s tgfj em]Ng'knf{ . dGq M ç x|L+ efUof]bo x|L+ ç M. #–* ut];Dd nfdf] ofqfsf] of]u, z/L/df :j:ytf, ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|flKt tyf cWoog cWofkgdf ?lr a9\g]5, ( ut] eg] vr{ j[l4, rf]6k6ssf] eo tyf em'6f cf/f]k klg cfpnf . dGq M ç x|L+ gd M.

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cfh ;do tkfO{sf] ljkIfdf /x]sf]n] rf]6k6ssf] eo tyf OHhtdf cfFr ss{6 cfpnf, afFsLsf] lbgdf eg] /f]uaf6 5'6sf/f, pkxf/ k|flKt, ldq ;'v tyf ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'g]5 . dGq M ç qmL+ sfNo} gd M. cfh / ef]ln em'6f cf/f]k cfpg'sf] ;fy} d[To't'No si6 ;xg'knf{, %–( j[lZrs ut];Dd eg] dfGohgsf] ;xof]u, /f]huf/ k|flKt, dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ l;l4, dgdf k|zGgtf tyf u'?ju{af6 s[kf k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç qmL+ qmL+ qmL+ ç M.

#–$ ut];Dd cfocfh{gsf] af6f] v'Ngfn] dg k|zGg /xg]5, zlgjf/ wg vr{ tyf zq' j[l4 xf]nfg\, afFsLsf lbgdf eg] ;'v j[l4, z/L/ lg/f]uL, sfo{ k"0f{ tyf dgdf xif{ pNnf; 5fpnf . dGq M ç u'?b]jfo gd M. #–$ ut];Dd ld7fld7f k|]djftf{ nfe x'gfn] dgdf pT;fx a9\g]5, zlgjf/ zq' j[l4 x'g]5g\ eg] dfgl;s lrGtf j[l4 xf]nf, afFsLsf lbgdf u'?hgaf6 ;'v tyf hflu/df k|df]zg x'g] of]u /x]sf] 5 . dGq M ç gdf] eujt] jf;'b]jfo gdM .

#–$ ut];Dd kfl/jf/Ls em}emu8f tyf åGå ;xg'k/] klg afFsLsf lbgdf ;Gtfgaf6 ;'v, zq'dfly ljho, k|]ddf ;kmn, jfxg ;'v ldNg'sf] ;fy} Jofkf/ Joj;foaf6 ljz]if nfe klg ldNg]5 . dGq M ç gju|xEof] gd M .

;ftfsf] ^ lbg tkfO{sf] kIfdf /x]sf] x'Fbf /f]lsPsf] sfo{ l;l4, ljBfdf ?lr a9\g], zq'x? ldqdf kl/0ft tyf :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ cfpg]5 eg] % ut] rflxF k]6df ljsf/ tyf b':jKg bz{g xf]nf . dGq M ç e+ e+ e}/jfo gd M.

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

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kgf}tL gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] ldlt @)*!÷!÷@) sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{ofg';f/ rfn' cf=j=@)*)÷)*! sf] nfuL :jLs[t of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd cGt/ut kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ !! sf] j8f sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f ug{] k|of]hgsf nflu hUuf vl/b ug{'kg{] ePsf]n] lgDg lnlvt zt{ tyf jGb]hsf] clwgdf /lx gu/kflnsfnfO{ hUuf ljlqm ug{ O{R5's hUufwgLn] b]xfosf sfuhft ;lxt ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq cfkm'n] s]–slt d'Nodf lalqm ug{] xf] ;f] ;d]t v'nfO{ kgf}tL gu/kflnsf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{nodf l;njGbL lgj]bg lbg' x'g of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . dfkb08M != le/ kfvf geO{ hUuf ;dy/ x'g'kg{] . @=vfg]kfgL, lah'nL, 6]lnkmf]g cfbL ;'ljwfsf] kx'Fr k'Ug], kl5 9n lgsf;fsf] Aoa:yf x'g], df]6/af6f]df hf]l8Psf] . #=k|rlnt dfkb08sf] kl/lwdf /lx ejg lgdf{0f x'g ;Sg] . $= hUuf pknAw u/fpg O{R5's hUufwgLsf] k"0f{ :jfldTj ePsf] . ljjfb emd]nf gePsf], df]xL gePsf], cljjflbt hUuf . %= oyf;Dej Pp6} lsQf, b'O{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L lsQf ePdf df]6/ af6f]df hf]l8Psf] lsQfn] Ps csf{] lsQfdf hf]l8Psf], ;se/ lsQfsf6 ug{ gkg{] vfnsf] . km/s km/s AolQmsf] gfddf ePsf] eP klg ldn]/ lbg ;Sg] . ^= xfn j8f sfof{no ejgnfO{ s]Gb| dfg]/ ;f] s]Gb|sf] @)) ld6/;Ddsf] k]l/km]/Lsf] hUuf x'g' kg{] . &= k[ys k[ys lsQf / km/s km/s AolQmsf] hUuf eP klg cfk;df hf]l8Psf] @ b]lv # /f]kgL ;Ddsf] hUuf x'g' kg{] . *= sfod ul/Psf] clwstd hUufsf] d'No k|lt cfgf ? #,@$,*#$.–-ltg nfv rf}lj; xhf/ cf7 ;o rf}lt;_ dfq eGbf af]n sjf]n c+s sd x'g' kg{]5 . cfjZos sfuhftM !=hUufwgL btf{ k|df0f k'hf{ @= gful/stf k|df0f kq #=rfn' cf=j ;Ddsf] Plss[t ;DklQ s/ lt/]sf] /l;b $=hUuf lalqm ug{] d'No ;d]t k|:6 v'nfP/ n]lvPsf] x:tlnlvt l;naGbL lgj]bg

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;+rflnt sfo{qmd

M.B.S. M.E.d.

4 Years - English & B.B.S. Nepali Medium

B.Ed. B.A. 10+2 Education & Humanities 4 Years - English, Nepali, Maths Population 4 Years - Sociology & Rural Development

Management

kmf]g g+= )!!–$$))@*, $$!$&&, (*$!#))*)*, (*%!!&%^## Email: tmcpanauti@gmail.com

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