‘u|f;?6’ cleofgdf x}l;ot vf]Hb} Pdfn] ef}lts pkl:yltdf dfq} ;b:otf gjLs/0f
nId0f ltdlN;gf ag]kf
g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]n] b]ze/ ;+rfng ePsf] …ld;g u|f;?6Ú cleofg z'? u/]sf] 5 . kmfu'g !$ ut] a;]sf] a}7sn] kf6L{ ;'b[l9s/0f tyf la:tf/ cleofg …ld;g u|f;?6Ú z'? ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . tflnsf af]s]/ Pdfn] sfe|] cfˆgf] x}l;ot vf]Hg 6f]n 6f]ndfk'Ug]ePsf]5.
@)&( a}zfvdf ;DkGg :yfgLotx/d+l;/df;DkGgk|b]ztyf
;+3Lo lgjf{rgdf Pdfn] lj?4 ag]sf]
df]rf{sf sf/0f ck]lIft ;kmntf
xfl;n ug{ ;s]g . @)&$ ;fndf
Pdfn]/cGobnPSnfPSn}k|lt:kwf{
ubf{ Pdfn] hgk|ltlglw lgjf{lrtsf
lx;fan] klxnf] kf6L{ lyof] . clxn]
cleofgdf eg] lhNnf OGrfh{sf ?kdfkf]ln6Ao'/f];b:o/fd]Zj/km'Fofn
x'g'x'G5 . s]Gb|Lo sld6Ln] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf nflu
km'Fofnsf] g]t[Tjdf s]Gb|Lo sld6L
;b:o u0f]z kxf8L, ljBf;'Gb/ zfSo, gf/fo0f l;Njfn, piffls/0f ltdlN;gf / odaxfb'/ kl/of/nfO{ tf]s]sf] 5 .
km'Fofnn] ;du| lhNnfsf ;fy} kgf}tL, vfgLvf]nf / dxfef/t ufpFkflnsfsf]
lhDd]jf/L lng' x'g]5 eg] kxf8Ln] a]yfGrf]s, /f]zL, zfSon] ag]kf / w'lnv]n, l;njfnn] rf}/L / e'Dn', ltdlN;gfn] kfFrvfn / d08gb]pk'/ tyf kl/of/n] gdf]a'4 / t]dfn ufpFkflnsfsf]lhDd]jf/Llng'ePsf]5
. s]Gb|Lo 6f]nL;Fu lhNnfsf kbflwsf/Lx? / lhNnf sld6Lsf g]tfx?n]lhDd]jf/LlnPsf5g\. lhNnf sld6Lsf kbflwsf/Lx?n]
s]Gb|LteP/cleofg;+rfngug{]5g\.
lhNnf sld6Lsf
;b:ox?sf] cleofg s]Gb|Lt lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] 5 eg] lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifbsf ;b:ox?, lhNnf ljefusf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox? / lhNnf k|ltlgwL kl/ifbsf ;b:ox?;DalGwtj8fsf]cleofgdf ;l/s x'g]5g\ . b'O{ dlxgf;Dd ;+rfng x'g]cleofgkflnsf,j8f/6f]ntxdf s]Gb|Lt x'g]5 . kflnsf txdf
rsf{] Aofh ltg{ g;Sbf ph'/L
ag]kf÷k~rsGof $ g'jfsf]6 a:g] /fdaxfb'/ clwsf/Ln]
zflGt ;'/Iff dfu ub{} lhNnf k|zf;g
sfof{no sfe|]df kmfu'g & ut] kq btf{ u/fPsf 5g\ . ;f]lx lbg k|zf;gn]
lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf zflGt ;'/Iff k|bfg ug{ kq k7fPsf] 5 . pgL nfdf] ;do b]lv sfe|]df cf}ifwL Aoj;fodf
C0f nufgL u/]/ gSsnL sfuh agfP/ hUuf ;d]t x8k]sf 5g\ ljsf; >]i7n] . #% nfv ?k}ofF d'No /fv]/ dfnkf]t /fhZj # nfv #@ xhf/ lt/]sf 5g\ . Tof] /sd ldnfP afkt km]/L *) xhf/ sld;g lnP.ljGwafl;gL;xsf/Ldf%nfv%) xhf/ lt/]/ ;fpg] kFw]/Laf6 % nfv lbP . ;a} vr{ hf]8]/ ljsf; >]i7n] !% nfv
klg ;dfg'kflts dtsf cfwf/df
Pdfn] klxnf] kf6L{ xf] t/ klg :yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglw / g]t[Tjsf lx;fjn] Pdfn]lhNnfdfbf]>f]kf6L{ePsf]5. cfufdL lgjf{rgdf Pdfn]
klxnf] kf6L{ x'g] u/L Pdfn]n] ld;g u|f;?6 cleofg ;+rfng u/]sf] Pdfn] sfe|]sf OGrfh{ Pj+ kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] atfpg' eof] .
lhNnfel/sf] cleofgsf] ;+of]hg ug{]5g\.yklhDd]jf/Lsf?kdfcWoIf
czf]s Aof~h'n] ag]kf / w'lnv]n, pkfWoIf rGb| nfdfn] vfgLvf]nf, dxfef/t / /f]zL, ;lrj /fhg e't]{nn] gdf]a'4,t]dfn/rf}+l/b]p/fnL,pk;lrj /fhs'df/ ;fksf]6fn] kgf}tL / a]yfgrf]s, pk;lrj l/tf 9sfnn] kfFrvfn, d08gb]pk'/, / e"Dn'df ljz]if
cleofgsf]g]t[Tjkf6L{s]Gb|n]k7fPsf s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglwn] ug{]5g\ . cleofgaf6 kf6L{ ;b:otf gjLs/0f / lj:tf/ dfkm{t cfwf/e"t txdf kf6L{ ;b:ox?sf] jf:tljs tYofÍ, pgLx?sf] cj:yf, kflnsf, j8f / 6f]n sld6Lsf] lqmofzLntf / ;du|df cfwf/e"t txdf kf6L{sf] cj:yfaf/] oyfy{ / j:t'lgi7 hfgsf/L lng]
Pdfn]sf]of]hgf5.kf6L{sf]cfwf/e"t k+lQm kf6L{sf cfwf/e"t ;}4flGts /fhgLlts ljifodf k|lzlIft u/fpg] csf{] of]hgf 5 . :yfgLo txdf pTkGg x'g ;Sg] of ePsf cGt/lj/f]wsf] klxrfg / ltgsf] ;dfwfgsf 7f]; ljsNkaf/] l;kmfl/; ug{]5g\ . kf6L{ sld6L / hgk|ltlglwx?aLrsf] ;DaGwaf/] j}rfl/s, /fhgLlts / ;+/rgfut :ki6tf xfl;n x'g]5 . :yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglwx?sf] e"ldsf yk k|efjsf/L x'g]5 . kf6L{ ;Defjgfo'Qm gofF k':tfsf] klxrfg x'g]5 . kf6L{nfO{ hg;/f]sf/sf ljifo nufot ;dfhsf ljleGg If]qsf /rgfTds;emfjx?xfl;nx'g]5g\. g]tf / sfo{stf{aLr Pj+ kf6L{ / hgtfaLrsf] ;DaGw yk 3lgi6 x'g]5 . cleofg kZrft kf6L{sf] k|efj lj:tf/ x'g]5 . kf6L{ cg'zfl;t / Pstfa4 x'g]5 / kf6L{sf] ;Ë7gfTds cj:yf ;b[9 x'g]5 . cleofgaf6 ck]Iff ul/Psf p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu lhNnfsld6Lsf]a}7saf6sfo{qmlds of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] ;lrj /fhg e't{]nn] atfpg' eof] . tof/ ul/Psf sfo{qmldt of]hgfx?nfO{ kflnsf, j8f / 6f]n sld6Lsf a}7sx? dfkm{t k|efjsf/L?kdfsfof{Gjogug{lhNnf sld6Lsf] a}7sn] lgb]{z u/]sf] cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . kflnsf sld6Lx?sf] a}7s / kflnsf:t/sf] of]hgf lgdf{0f kmfu'g @$ ut] ;DkGg ug{] u/L tflnsf agfPsf] ;lrj e't{]nn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof]. afFsL @ k]hdf
;+nUg5g\. l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf
l;kf3f6 3/ eO{ ag]kf ^ a'8f]n a:g]
@^ alif{o ljsf; >]i7 ;fpg] kw]/L ;xsf/Lsf k|jGws klg x'g\ . pgn] /fdaxfb'/ clwsf/LnfO{ ;xsf/Lsf] /sd lsnf] ld6/ Aofhdf nufpFb} dfg{], lk6\g] wlDs lbb} cfPsf lyP . lst{] sfuh agfpFb} wlDs lbP/ ;lx5fk u/fpFb} wlDs lbb} cfPsf 5g\ . ;xsf/Lsf cf8df >]i7sf] xs{t kl5 cGo ;b:ox? ;z+lst ePsf 5g\ .
/sd eGbf clwsf/LnfO{ lbPgg\ . uf8L kmfO{gfG;ug{]eg]/%nfv8fpgk]d]G6u/]. !# nfv /sd ltl/;Sbf ;d]t >]i7n] sf6\5', df5{' eGb} wDSofpg 5f8]sf 5}gg\ . @)nfvsf]C0fsf]sfuhagfP/(nfv dfq} /sd lbPsf 5g\ . uf8L / hUufsf] u/]/ #) nfv /sd ltg{' kg{]df ^) nfv ltg{ afFsL 5 eGb} lsnf]ld6/ Aofhsf] lx;fa ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljsf;n] C0f clwsf/Lsf gfddf sfuh u/fP/ uf8L cfˆgf] gfddf kf; u/]sf 5g\ . clwsf/LnfO{ afFsL @ k]hdf
‘b'Ao{jxf/’ kl5 ldnfkq
lzIfsnfO{ hgkltlglw, ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, cleefjs / lzIfsx?n] dfkmL lbPsf 5g\ . ljBfyLn k6s k6s bAojxf/ u/]sf] eGb} cleefjs / sfofnodf ph/L u/] klg bafadf ldnfkqePsf]5. a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ $ sf j8f ;b:o s0f{ tfdfªsf] lgb{]zg / of]hgfdf ljBfnodf
ePsf]b'Ao{jxf/nfO{ldnfkqu/fO{Psf]xf]. pgs} pkl:yltdf ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, cleefjs / ljBfyL{nfO{ ;d]t /fv]/ lzIfsnfO{ dflkm dufpFb} cfO{Gbf To:tf] gug{] sfuhdf ;lx5fk u/fO{Psf] 5 . k6s–k6s ljBfyL{ dfyL b'Ao{jxf/ ePsf] cf/f]k nfu] kl5 lzIfs zDe'nfn >]i7n] s]lx dlxgf cl3 dfq} k|wfgfWofks kbaf6 /flhgfdf lbPsf lyP . s0f{sf] gftfn] cfkmGt kg{] 5fqfnfO{ lzIfsn] u/]sf] b'Ao{jxf/ lgotjz gePsfn] dfkmL lbg bafa lbO{Psf] lyof] . ljBfyL{n] cfkm'nfO{ dfq} geO{ o;cl3 ;fyLx?nfO{ klg b'Ao{jxf/ ePsfn] sf/jfxL x'g'kg{] c8fg lnPsf lyP . 5fqfsf cfkmGtn] cl3Nnf] lbg g} k|x/L rf}sL vf]kf;Ldf hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . k|x/Ln] hfx]/L
lnP/ cfpg eg]sf] lyof] . k|x/L sfof{nodf hfx]/LlnP/cfpg'cufj}5fqfnfO{wDsLlbb} cfO{Gbf s;}nfO{ geGg / ph'/L gug{ ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf s0f{ tfdfª ;lxtn]bafalbPsflyP.
a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ $ l:yt e"lddftf dfWolds ljBfnosf] sIff * df cWoog/t 5fqf dfyL ePsf] of}g b'Aoj{xf/ 36gfnfO{ xftkft ePsf] eGb} lzIfsn] dfkmL dfu]sf 5g\ . 5fqf dfyL u/]sf] of}g b'Ao{jxf/ geO{ xftkft ePsfn] lgotjz gsf/fTds sfo{ gePsfn] cfO{Gbf To;f] gug{] sfuhdf ;lx 5fk u/fO{Psf] 5 . b'Ao{axf/ elgPsf] sfuhdf elgPsf] 5 –…cfh ldlt @)&( kmfu'g % ut] >L e"lddftf dfWolds ljBfnosf] ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf] cWoIftyfj8fk|ltlglw afFsL @ k]hdf
d08gb]pk'/sf] cTofw'lgs k|zf;lgs ejg
kgf}tLsf] s'zfb]jLdf cflbTo df]If wfddf dxfo1
d08gb]pk'/÷gu/kflnsfsf
nflu cfjZos kg{] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf
d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf ;DkGg x'Fb} uPsf]
5 . cfwf/e't c:ktfn, k|zf;lgs ejg, s'Gtf gu/sf]6, s'Gtf bf]nfn3f6 ;8s nufot cGo dxTjk"0f{ k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf gu/kflnsf;DkGgx'Fb}uPsf]5.
To;;u a[xQ ;'Vvf If]q
vfg]kfgL, k|x/L rf}sL tyf cGo ;+/rgf lgdf{0f sfo{ wdfwd eO{/x]sf] 5 . k'jf{wf/ ;DkGg eP;u gful/sx?n] gu/kflnsfn]
k|bfg ug{] ;]jfdf z'zf;g, kf/bzL{tf /
u'0f:t/Lotf sfod x'g' kg{] ;'emfj lbPsf
5g\ . …d08gb]pk'/ cfwf/e't c:ktfn %
z}ofsf] 5 . Tolx ejg;u yk z}ofsf]
c:ktfn lgdf{0fsf nflu sfo{ k|f/De
ePsf] 5Ú–gu/ k|d'v 6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jfn]
eGg'eof]–…eO{/x]sf] c:ktfndf ljz]if1
8fS6/ ;lxtsf] hgzlQm gu/kflnsf
cfkm}n] Aoj:yfkg ul//x]sf] 5 . ca
lgdf{0f x'g] c:ktfnsf nflu k|b]z / ;+3
;/sf/n] klg k|fyldstf lbg] u/L 5nkmn
ePsf] 5 .Ú sl/j !% s/f]8 ?k}of nfutdf
yk !) z}ofsf] c:ktfn lgdf{0f eP kl5
!% z}ofsf] c:ktfnaf6 gful/sx?n]
;]jf kfpg]5g\ . cfwf/e't c:ktfndf
cf]lk8L, cfsl:ds tyf cGo pkrf/ ;]jf pknAw5.@$306]cfsl:ds, k|;'tL
;]jf / kmfd{];L ;]jf pknAw u/fPsf] c:ktfnn] cGt/Ë, ;fdfGo zNolqmof, bGt ;]jf, ue{jtL hfr, kl/jf/ lgof]hg, !@ xKtf;Ddsf] ;'/lIft ue{ktg, vf]k ;]jf, /]ljh lj?4sf] vf]k ;]jf, kf]if0f sfo{qmd, Ifo/f]u tyf s'i7/f]u, PS;/], Nofj, O{l;hL
tyf :jf:Yo lzIff k/fdz{ lbb} cfPsf] 5 .
PS;/] ;]jfnfO{ cem} k|efjsf/L agfpg] u/L
pks/0f / hgzlQmsf] Aoj:yfkg ul/b} 5 .
8f= lbnaxfb'/ yf]s/n] gful/sx?nfO{
b}lgs ;]jf pknAw u/fO{/x]sf] atfpg' eof]
. x/]s lbg $)–%) hgf;Dd lj/fdLx?n]
;]jf lnO{/x]sf 5g\ . clxn] klg hl6n
vfnsf lj/fdL tyf b'3{6gf ePsf]
cj:yfdf ;b/d'sfd / /fhwfgL n}hfg' kg{]
cj:yf5. gu/kflnsfsf] k|zf;lso
ejg lgdf{0f sfo{sf] clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf]
5 . tLgj6f ejg Pp6} agfP/ k|zf;lso
ejgsf] x:tfGt/0f tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . kmfu'g @& ut] gu/kflnsfsf] :yfkgf
lbj;sf] cj;/df cfkm\g} ejgaf6 ;]jf
k|f/De ug{] of]hgf k'/f gx'g] ePsf] 5 .
a}zfv ! ut]af6 dfq} pQm ejgaf6 ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] gu/ k|d'v 6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jfn] atfpg' eof] . sDkfp08, xn, SoflG6g nufotsf ;+/rgf lgdf{0f x'g afFsL5g\.ejgs}klgclGtdlgdf{0fsfo{
afFsL 5 . ;+3 ;/sf/sf] @ s/f]8, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] @ s/f]8 / afFsL gu/kflnsfsf] !) s/f]8 u/L !$ s/f]8 ?k}ofdf lgdf{0f x'g nfu]sf] pQm ejg lgdf{0fsf] :6d]6 @# s/f]8sf] lyof] . gu/kflnsfn] tof/ u/]sf] l8lkcf/ $# s/f]8sf] 5 . gu/kflnsfdf /xg] ;a} zfvf tyf eljZodf cfpg ;Sg] dfnkf]t gfkL nufotsf sfof{nox?sf nflu ;d]t k"jf{wf/ tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ & l:yt dgdlt 8fF8fdf @* /f]kgL hldg gu/kflnsf cfkm}n] vl/b u/]/ k|zf;lgs ejg lgdf{0f u/]sf] xf] . pQm If]q leq k|x/L rf}sL lxu'jfkf6L, ax[Q ;'Vvf If]q vfg]kfgL nufotsf;+/rgflgdf{0fx'g]5g\. d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsfsf] csf{] dxTjk"0f{ cfof]hgf ax[Q ;'Vvf If]q vfg]kfgLxf].;+3;/sf/dftTsflngdGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] pQm If]qsf] vfg]kfgLsf nflu ah]6 ljlgof]hg u/]sf lyP . vfg]kfgL;Fu} s'Gtf gu/sf]6 ;8s klSs eO{/x]sf] 5 . :yfgLo, k|b]z / ;+3 ;/sf/sf] ;d]t ;dGjodf eO{/x]sf] s'Gtf gu/sf]6 ;8s !* lsdL b'/Ldf 5 . gu/sf]6 If]qsf] ko{6g ljsf; / gu/kflnsfsf] :ofoL cfDbfgLsf] >f]tsf nflu gu/kflnsfn] ko{6gsf] lb3{sfnLg ljsf;sf nflu l8kLcf/ tof/ ul//x]sf] 5 . csf{] dxTjk"0f{ ;8ssf ?kdf s'Gtf r08]gL bf]nfn3f6 ;8s xf] . pQ ;8s lgdf{0f sfo{sf] clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . d08gb]pk'/df ePsf ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{ / To;df ;dGjo ug{] u/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L k'0oljqmd kf}8]n nufotsf] 6f]nLn] cg'udglgl/If0fu/]sf]5.
5kfO{ sfo{sf nflu sf]6]zg k]z ug]{ ;DaGwL ;"rgf
k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&(÷!!÷!*
o; ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ tklzn adf]lhdsf ;fdu|Lx¿ 5kfO{ ug{ O{R5's kmd{ jf sDkgLaf6 of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s
k|sfzLt ePsf] ldltn] !) lbg leq sfof{no ;dodf clGtd lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf ePdf nuTt} sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg sfof{no ;do leqdf ;+:yfsf] sfof{no ag]kf *, ltgbf]af6f] -sfe|]knf~rf]s_ df cfO{ k'Ug]u/L b/efp ;lxtsf] uf]Ko lznalGb sf]6];g k]z ug'{x'g ;DalGwt ;j}sf] hfsf/Lsf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .
5kfO{ ug'{kg]{ ;fdfgsf] ljj/0f
gf]6 s_ k|fKt sf]6];gnfO{ :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t ug]{ k"0f{ clwsf/ ;+:yfdf lgxLt /xg] 5 . v_ sf]6];gsf ;fydf kmd{ jf sDkgL btf{ k|df0f kq, kfg k|df0f kq / kl5Nnf] cfjsf] s/ r'Qmf k|df0f kq clgjfo{ k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
u_ ;+:yfaf6 5kfO{ ;DalGw cfb]z k|fKt eP kZrft ;fdfu|L ;+:yfdf k]z ug{ ;Sg] clwstd ;do l;df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
3_ 5kfO{ ;DalGw sfo{sf] e'QmfgL ;fdfu|L k|fKt eP kZrft t'?Gt} x'g]5 .
ª_ tf]lsPsf] u'0f:t/df ;fdfu|L g5fk]sf] jf tf]s] eGbf sd u'0f:t/sf] ;dfu|L 5flkPdf ;+:yfn] s'g} klg e"QmfgL glbO{ gofF k|lqmof cuf8L a9fpg]5 . emn]Gb| k|;fb bfxfn k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t
efjk"0f >4f~hnL
agkf÷kmfug !*, !( / @) ut] kgftL szfbjLdf :yflkt cflbTo dfIf wfddf cfofhgf xg dxfo1 cg:7fgsf] kj ;GWofdf szfbjLdf /xsf] lnnfjtL gbL ;/;kmfO{ sfoqmd cfofhgf ul/Psf] 5 . k"j{ d'Vo ;lrj Pj+ /fhb't tyf afudlt ;/;kmfO{ dxfcleofgsf cleofGtf lnnfd0fL kf}8]nn] dfG5] leqsf] kmf]xf]/ ;kmf u/]/ ;dfh ;/;kmfO{ ug{' kg{] atfpg' eof] .
cfWoflTds ;/;kmfO{ tyf cGo If]qsf] ;/;kmfO{sf nflu ;a} kIf ;lqmo x'g'kg{] atfpg' eof] . kmf]xf]/ ;kmf ug{' eGbf kmf]xf]/ g} x'g glbg tkm{ ;d'bfosf ;a} gful/sx? ;r]t x'g'kg{] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . cflbTo wfdsf k|jQmf Pj+ ;/;kmfO{ cleofGtf 8f= /fh' clwsf/Ln] g]kfnnfO{ ljZj;fd' lrgfpg df]Ifwfd lgdf{0f;Fu} ;/;kmfO{ ug{'kg{] atfpg' eof] .
sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, lgjt{dfg k|d'v led Gof}kfg], j8f cWoIfx?, hgk|ltlglwx?, ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|lti7fgsf cWoIf /fd]Zj/ yfkfn] kgf}tL If]qnfO{ cGt{/fli6«o :t/df lrgfpg of] If]qdf :yfkgf x'g nfu]sf] df]If wfddf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] dxfo1 ;kmn agfpg cg'/f]w ug{' eof] .
l8lehg jg sfof{no, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]
k|:tfj k]z ug]{ ;DjlGw
;"rgf Û ;"rgf ÛÛ ;"rgf ÛÛÛ
-k|yd k6s k|sflzt @)&( kmfu'g !* ut]_
o; k|f=ln=sf ;xfos ;'k/efO{h/ ;u'g gflktsf ddtfdoL dftf lr/Ldfof gflktsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt
ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgx?df
k'0ojtL oftfoft
k|f=ln= kl/jf/
z'e/fh hf]zL
sfof{no k|d'v sfe|] k'0ojtL oftfoft
k|f=ln= sd{rf/L kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe
;'rgf g+= lj=)!÷@)&(.*)
o; sfof{nosf] rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) sf] ;+3Lo ;/sf/af6 x:tfGtl/t sfo{qmd / k|b]z ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t tklzn jdf]lhdsf] sfo{qmd÷lqmofsnfk pko'St If]q Pj+ nfeu|fxL 5gf}6 u/L ;~rfng ug{'kg]{ ePsf] x'+bf OR5's ;Dj4 JolQm÷s[ifs, pBdL, ;DjlGwt lgsfodf btf{ ePsf] kmd{, ;+3÷;+:yf, pkef]Stf÷nfeu|fxL ;d'x, ;f=j=p=;=, ;xsf/L, sDkgL jf pBf]u -hf] h'g s[ofsnfk;+u ;DjlGwt 5_ af6 klxnf] k6s ;"rgf lg:s]sf] ldltn] #) lbg leqdf o; sfof{nodf k|:tfj ;lxtsf] lgj]bg k]z ug{ cfXjfg ul/Psf] 5 . k|:tfjgf k]z ug{sf] lgldQ cfjZos sfo{ If]qut zt{x? -TOR_ tyf k|:tfjsf] vfsf o; sfof{noaf6 pknAw u/fOg] 5 . k|:tfj Pj+ 5]q 5gf}6 tyf sfof{Gjog k|s[of o;;DjlGw sfo{ljwL adf]lhd x'g]5 . lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu o; sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf x]g'{ x'g jf sfof{no ;dodf l8lehgn jg clws[t jf ;xfos jg clws[t >L uf}/j e6\6 -df]=g+= (&^@*****^_ jf >L ;l/tf nfdf -df]=g+= (*%!!!)^(@)_ ;Fu kmf]g ;Dks{ ug{ x'g ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
tklzn
s_ k|b]z ;/sf/af6 l:js[t sfo{qmd M tklzn adf]lhdsf hl8j'6L k|hflt tyf kmnkm'n v]lt ug{ OR5's lghL hUufwgL ls;fg, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Stf ;d'x, sj'lnolt jg ;d'xnfO{ cfj:os sfuhftx? ;+nUg /fvL k|:tfj ;lxtsf] lgj]bg k]z ug{ cfxjfg ul/G5 . != /fli6«o jg ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd
lghL hUufdf hl8j'6L v]lt Kn6 j[Iff/f]k0fsf nflu k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx?
!= lghL JolQm / s[ifs ;d"xsf] xsdf gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk
@= dfu lgj]bg -j[Iff/f]k0f ul/g] k|hflt, ;+Vof, hUufsf] If]qkmn, j[Iff/f]k0fsf] p4]Zo v'n]sf] _
#= /f]k0f ug]{ hUufsf] hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{sf] kmf]6f]skL / rfn" cf=j=df lt/f] lt/]sf] /l;b
$= ;DalGwt :yflgo tx÷j8f sfof{nosf] l;kmfl/;
%= ;DalGwt ;j l8lehg jg sfof{nosf] l;kmfl/;
;fd'bflos pkef]Qmf ;d'xsfnflu cfj:os zt{ tyf rflxg] sfuhftx?
!= ;fd'bflos jg sfo{of]hgfsf] gljs/0f ePsf] x'g'kg]{ .
@= ;fd'bflos jgsf] :jLs[t sfo{of]hgfdf o; ;DaGwL Joj:yf ePsf] x'g'kg]{ .
#= ;fd'bflos jgsf] hl8a'6L v]tL ul/g] If]qsf] ljj/0f .
$= pk ;d'x dfkm{t x'g] eP,;+nUg /xg] pk ;d'xsf] ljj/0f -3/w'/L ;+Vof, pkef]Stfsf] gfd / gfu/Lstf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL_ .
%= ;fd'bflos jg ;d"x / hl8a'6L v]tL ug{ OR5's ;d"x÷kmd{÷;xsf/L larsf] sj'lnotLgfdf
^= ;fd'bflos jg ;d"xsf] ;xdlt lg0f{o / kq
&= dfu lgj]bg -j[Iff/f]k0f ul/g] k|hflt, ;+Vof, hUufsf] If]qkmn ;d]t v'n]sf] _
*= cf=j=)&*÷)&( sf] jflif{s n]vf kl/If0f k|ltj]bg tyf jfifL{s k|ult k|ltj]bg .
@_ jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno ;+3 z;t{ cg'bfg h8la'6L M
k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx?
!= cfj]bg kq
@= ;xsf/L ;+:yf÷pBf]u btf{ k|df0fkq
#= s/r'Qmf k|df0fkq
$= n]vf kl/If0f k|ltj]bg -cf=j=)&*÷)&( sf]_
%= PAN/VAT sf] k|df0f kq
^= ;DjlGwt ;j–l8lehg jg sfof{nosf] l;kmfl/; &= :yflgo kflnsf jf j8f sfof{nosf] l;kmfl/; gf]6 M sfof{non] :ynut j:t':yLlt, ;+efJotf, cfjZostf, Ifdtfsf] d'Nofªsgsf cfwf/df pNn]vLt Kofs]hsf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos lg0f{o lng ;Sg]5 .
jfudtL O·ln; afl8· :snsf] bLIffGt ;df/fx
ag]kf÷afudtL O{Ëlnz af]l8{Ë :s'n ag]kfsf] @# cf} jflif{sf]pT;j, cleefjs lbj;, P;O{O{df plQ0f{nfO{ ljbfO{ / dG6]Zj/Lsf afnaflnsfsf] lbIffGt sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]5. ljBfnosf Aoa:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf k|tfk a}wsf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/ k|d'v zflTt/Tg zfSosf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . k|d'v cltyL zfSon] gu/n] ;+:yfut ljBfnox? ;u+ ;dGjo u/L ;fd'bfoLs ljBfnosf] ;d]t z}lIfs ;'wf/
ug{ nfluPsf] atfpg' eof] . ;fd'bfoLs
ljBfnodf /fHosf] 7'nf] nufgL /x]sf] eP
klg z}lIfs glthf ;Gtf]ifhgs g/x]sf]
atfpg' eof] . lzIff ;'wf/sf nfuL
gu/kflnsfn] s] s:tf] ;xof]u ug{' kg{] xf] tof//x]sf]t/lzIffdf;'wf/x'g'k¥of]
zfSon] atfpg' eof] . ;fd'bfoLs ljBfnodf sIff % ;Dd lgMz'Ns vfhf, sIff & b]vL dflysf 5fqfx?nfO{ lgMz'Ns ;]g]6/L Kof8 lgMz'Ns k':ts x'bfF klg ljBfyL{sf] sd cfs{lift ePsfn] ca k|fljlws lzIff tkm{ hf]8 lbg' kg{] zfSon] jtfpg'eof]. sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf] lyof]
lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=
ag]kf, sfe|]knf~rf]s
kmf]g g+ )!!—^^!!@& Od]n M discofkavre@gmail.com
b/efp kq k]z ug]{ ;DaGwL ;"rgf
-k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&(.!!.!*_
o; ;+3sf] d'Vo sfof{no ag]kf & uf]bfdrf]s sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] sfof{nodf
O{lG6]l/o/ l8hfOg, kmlgl;{·, On]lS6«lkms]zg nufotsf sfo{ ug{'kg]{ ePsf]n] O{R5's lgdf{0f
O{hfhtk|fKt /lhi68{ kmd{÷sDkgLx?n] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq -ldlt
@)&( r}q )@ ut] leq_ lgDg adf]lhdsf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL sfo{ ug{sf nfuL cfkm\gf]
b//]6 ;lxtsf] b/efp kq lznaGbL af]nkq k]z ug'{x'g of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . -Dofb
gf3L jf l/t gk'uL k]z ePsf af]nkq :jLs[t
af]nkq ;fy ;+nUg ug'{kg]{ sfuhft tyf ljj/0f M – kmd{÷sDkgLsf] btf{ k|df0fkq, – :yfO{ n]vf gDj/ tyf d"No clej[l4 s/ k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk – o; cf=j=sf] s/ r'Qmf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk – kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] k|f]kmfOn -cg'ej, d'Vo ;Dks{ JolQm, ;Dks{ gDj/, 7]ufgf cflb v'Ng]_ zt{x? M
!= b/efp kqdf pNn]v u/] eGbf km/s ePdf ;fdfg :jLsf/ ug{ / e'QmfgL pknAw u/fpg ;+3 afWo x'g]]5}g .
@= b//]6 k]z ubf{ 9'jfgL / Eof6 ;dfj]z ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{5 . o; afkt yk z'Nsx? ;+3n] Aoxf]g]{ 5}g . :jLs[t /sddf lgodfg';f/ s/ s6\6L u/L e'QmfgL ul/g]5 .
#= b/efp kq k]z ubf{ cfjZos sfuhftx? ;+nUg gePsf] b/efp kq /2 ug{ ;lsg]5 eg] tf]lsPsf] ;do eGbf kl5 k]z ePsf] b/efp kq :jLsf/ ul/g]5}g .
$= pNn]lvt sf]6]zg :jLs[t ePsf] ldltn] ! dlxgf leq lgdf{0f u/L ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] ldlt eGbf kl5 u/]df ljnsf] e'QmfgL ug{ ;+3 afWo x'g]5}g .
%= b/efp kq :jLs[t ug]{ jf gug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;+3df g} lglxt x'g]5 .
^= lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ :yfg, ;fO{h / gfksf nflu ;+3df ;Dks{ ug'{kg]{5 .
jflif{s k|ltj]bg lk|lG;kn lbk]Gb| axfb'/ lji6n] k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] . lji6n] ljBfnodf ul/a tyf h]x]Gbf/ 5fq tyf 5fqfx?nfO{ 5fqa[lQ k|bfg ul/Psf], u'0f:t/Lo lzIff;Fu} a}l4s ljsf;sf nflu ljleGg cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk ;d]t ub{} cfPsf] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf KofA;gsf s]lGb|o pk dxf;lra led;]g s];L, s]lGb|o ;b:o k'0f{s'df/ >]i7, j8f gDa/ *sf j8fcWoIf z'enIdLdfgGw/, KofA;g sfe|]sf cWoIf Zofd s'df/ e'h]n, sfe|] SofDk;sf cWoIf nDaf]b/ sfo:y, ljleGgljBfnosf lk|lG;knx?, cleefjs nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf P;O{O{ plt0f{ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljbfO{ ul/Psf] lyof] eg] dG6]Zj/Ldf plQ0f{nfO{ lbIffGt ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] eg] :jfut dGtAo 5fqf lgtf;f s'j+/n] /fVg' ePsf] lyof].
dfOu|];g x/fPsf ;"rgf
d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/f ePsf] dfOu|];g ldlt @)&( df3 # ut] ag]kfaf6 ;fFuf hfg] qmddf x/fPsf] x"Fbf km]nf kfg{'x'g] dxfg'efjx?n] glhs}sf] k|x/L rf}sL cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xg cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
gfd M ;Gtf]if /f]Ssf /lhi6«]zg g+= M &)@$!!)*$ ;Dks{ g+= M (*^!^$!^$@ 7]ufgf M ag]kf, sfe|]
k|fljlws Pj+ ;fdflhs ;+u7gfTds ;xof]u, ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g, :jR5tf Jojxf/ kl/jt{g, ;'zf;g k|j4{g, dlxnf tyf jfn clwsf/ ;+/If0f, ljBfnodf ;/;kmfO{ ;DaGwL Jojxf/ kl/jt{g / vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO{ tyf :jR5tf k|j4{g If]qdf lqmoflzn /x]sf] o; ;+:yfnfO{ rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpFkflnsf;Fusf] ;dGjodf jf6/P8 (WaterAid) g]kfnsf] ;xof]udf rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpFkflnsfsf] ljBfnox?df s]Gb|Lt /xL h'nfO{ !, @)@@ b]lv h'g #), @)@$ ;Ddsf] nflu ;+rflnt "Foundations for the Future (FFTF)" kl/of]hgf cGtu{t tk;Lndf pNn]lvt kbdf sd{rf/Lx? cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf lgDgfg';f/ of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's JolQmx?af6 b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] / /Lt gk'u]sf b/vf:tx? dfly s'g} sf/jfxLul/g]5}g. tk;LnM
sd{rf/L cfjZostf
o; df5fk'R5«] ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–& uf]bfdrf]ssf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/L
s[i0f k|;fb c:ktfn
rf/bf]af6f], ag]kf
sd{rf/L cfjZostf
kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+Vof M $ -dlxnf_ of]Uotf M SEE/SLC/+2 tna M !),))).–
-sDKo'6/;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] / :s'6/ rnfpg]nfO{ ljz]if u|fXotf lbOg]5 ._ cfjZos sfuhftx?M != z}lIfs of]Uotf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL @= g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnkL #= kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] @ k|lt
cfjZos ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's JolQmx?n] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . ;Dks{
df5fk'R5«] ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–&, sfe|]
;Dks{ kmf]g g+= )!!–^^#@&), (*$(%&&&(!, (*$!^#@!!$
lnnfd laqmL ;DalGw #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf
k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldtL @)&(÷!!÷!*
o; ;+:yfaf6 tklzndf pNn]lvt C0fLn] z'ne Aoj;foLs shf{ lzif{s cGtu{t shf{ lnO{ efsf g3fO{ a;]sf]n] k6s k6s lgh C0fLnfO{ lnlvt tyf df}lvs ?kdf ;Dks{ u/L o; ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] shf{sf] ;f+jf,Aofh, xhf{gf, lanDa z'Ns cflbsf] af+ls aSof}tf /sd ltg{ a'emfpg cfpg' xf]nf elg cg'/f]w ubf{ a]jf:tf u/L a;]sf]n] lgh C0fL /fds[i0f ltdlN;gfsf] xsdf ldlt @)&(÷)%÷)@ sf] r]i6|f ;fKtflxsdf #% k}lt; lbg] / ldlt @)&( df !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L o; ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] shf{sf] af+ls aSof}tf /sd ltg{ a'emfpg cfpg lbPsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfsf] a]jf:tf u/L a;]sf]n] lgh C0fLsf] gfpdf btf{ e} o; ;+:yfsf] gfpaf6 /f]Ssf /x]sf] tklzndf pNn]lvt crn ;Dklt lnnfd lals| u/L c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ ePs]fn] of] lnnfd lals| ;DalGw #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sflzt u/L uf]Ko lznaGbL -6]08/_ sf] cfJxfg ul/Psf]] 5 . of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #^ cf} lbgdf o; ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf lbpF;f] $M)) ah] uf]Ko lznaGbL vf]lng]5 . ;f] cjlwdf OR5's dxfg'efjx?n] uf]Ko lznaGbL af]nkq¢f/f cfkm"n] af]nsaf]n ug]{ /sd ;lxt tkl;ndf pNn]lvt zt{ adf]lhd af]nkq kmd{ a'emfpg;d]t cg'/f]w ul/G5 . ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ lwtf] lnnfd laqmL ubf{ klg ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ gePdf ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ / ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&% cg';f/ C0L tyf AolQmut hdfgLstf{x?sf] cGo rn crn ;DklQaf6 lwtf]n] gvfd]sf] aSof}tf shf{ /sd c;'n pk/sf nflu C0f c;'nL Gofoflws/0fdf d'bf bfo/ ul/g] Joxf]/f C0fL, AolQmut hdfgLstf{ tyf ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ o;} ;"rgf¢f/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . ;fy} o; ;"rgf adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL x'g g;s]sf] lwtf] ;DklQx? ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ / ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&% adf]lhd ;+:yf cfkm} ;sf/ u/L lng ;Sg] Aoxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 .
gfd– /fd s[i0f ltdlN;gf lktf–Ps'gk|;fbltdlN;gf afh]–k|ltd0fLltdlN;gf atg– sf=k=lh=kfFrvfn g=kf= j8fg=;flas@
;:tf / e/kbf pkrf/sf nflu
xfd|f ;]jfx? M lkmlhl;og, :qL/f]u, xf8hf]gL{, gfs, sfg, 3f“6L, dfgl;s nufot ljleGg /f]usf]
pkrf/
v'Ng] ;do M ljxfg & b]lv a]n'sf & ah];Dd
;Dks{ )!!–^^$##@, (*$((@^#(#, (*$#$%@@!@
o; ç zflGt ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/L cfjZos ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's JolQmx?n] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . ;Dks{ ç zflGt ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, sfe|] kmf]g g+= )!!–^^##!^
sd{rf/L cfjZostf
C0fL /fds[i0f ltdlN;gfsf gfpFdf dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]dfbtf{ePsf]sf=k=lh= ;flas>Lv08k'/uf=la=;= j8f g+=% lsQf g+= $#&^ sf] If]qkmn)–)–!–!,sf] hUuf / pSQm hUufn] rr]{sf] lnulnufkft;d]t
k'gZr–!= ldlt @)&(.!@.@# ut]sf lbg lnnfd lals|sf] sfo{ x'g]5 . ;f] lbg ;fj{hlgs labf k/]df;f]sf]ef]lnkN6lnnfdlals|sf]sfo{x'g]5.
@= lnnfd lals|sf] sfo{ ;+:yfs} sfof{nodf laxfg !)=)) ah]b]lv lbp;f] $=)) ah] ;Ddx'g]5.
#= lnnfd ;sf/ ug]{ AolSt sDkgL jf ;+w;+:yfn] ;f]lx lbg cfkm'n] ;sf/ u/]sf] /sdsf]!)-bz_k|ltzt/sd;+:yfdfw/f}6L:j?khDdfug'{kg]{5.
$=o; ljifo;Fu cGo hfgsf/L lng' kg]{ ePdf o; ;xsf/Lsf] sfof{no ag]kf-&,sfe|]df ;Dks{ug'{x'g.
;"rgf
kmfu'kj{ ;Eo ?kdf dgfcf}+ .
cfk;L ;xdltdf pNnf;k"j{s kmfu'kj{ dgfcf}+ .
ha/h:tL nf]nf xfG?g], kfgL 5\ofKg] tyf /Ë bNg] sfd gu/f}+ .
;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts dof{bf / lzi6frf/sf] kfngf u/f}+ .
xflgsf/s / /;fogo'Qm /Ësf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .
dlb/f tyf nfu' kbfy{sf] ;]jg gu/f}+ .
u}/sfg"gL / pR5[+vn Jojxf/ gu/f}+ .
rf8kj{nfO{ df}lns?kdf dgfcf}+, ;Eo gful/ssf] kl/ro lbcf}+ .
g]kfn ;/sf/ lj1fkg af]8{
kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+Vof M # of]Uotf M SEE/SLC jf ;f] ;/x tna M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ art ;+sng Pl/of M ag]kf, w'lnv]n, kgf}tL cfjZos sfuhftx?M
!= z}lIfs of]Uotf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL @= g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnkL #= kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] $= sfof{g'ejsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk %= afof]8f6f gf]6 M lgj]bg ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 . cGo lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{'xf]nf . – ;DalGwt If]qdf cg'ejL / :yfgLonfO{ ljz]if u|fXotf lbOg]5 .
o; sf]lxg"/ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–& sf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sd{rf/L t"–cfjZostf ePsf] x"Fbf OR5's JolQmx?n] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . ;Dks{ sf]lxg"/ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–&, sfe|] ;Dks{ kmf]g g+= )!!–^^%%#$ Od]nM kohinoorsaccos@gmail.com
sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno k|fljlws
tflnd s]Gb| (KUTTC)
w'lnv]n, sfe|]knfGrf]s
sfo{ut cEof;;lxtsf] tflnd sfo{qmd cGtu{t
PROFESSIONAL BUILDING ELECTRICIAN / PROFESSIONAL LIGHT VEHICLE
MECHANIC – tx @ sf] lgMz'Ns tflndsf] cj;/ k|yd k6s k|sflzt @)&( kmfNu'g !^ ut] d+unaf/ -KU
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