Year 27 issue 18

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

kj"d{GqL af:sf6]fnfO{ lkt[ zfs ] c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 4 March 2021) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$!, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h !@ www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

w'lnv]nsf d]o/ Aof~h'

cGt/f{li6«o d]o/x?sf] cWoIfdf lgjf{lrt

ag]kf÷g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s s'df/ Jof~h' >]i7 cGt/fli6«o ;+hfn o'l;PnhL :kfs o'gfO{6]8 l;l6h P08 nf]sn ue{d]G6

Pl;of Kofl;s_ sf cWoIfdf lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] 5 . sf]/f]gf efO{/;sf sf/0f ljleGg b]zsf k|ltlglwx?n] er{'cn dfWodaf6 kl/ifb\sf\ a}7s cfof]hgf u/L g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'nfO{ ;j{;Ddt ?kdf cWoIfdf 5gf}6 u/]sf] xf] . blIf0f k"j{ Pl;of / Pl;of k|fGt If]qsf :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;lDdlnt ;b:ox?sf] ;a}eGbf 7'nf] ;+hfnsf ?kdf /x]sf] o'l;PnhL ;+:yf ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3af6 dfGotf k|fKt Ps dfq :yfgLo ;/sf/x?sf] ;femf ;+:yf xf] .

O08f]g]l;ofsf] hfsftf{df k|wfg sfof{no /x]sf] o'l;PnhL :kfs afFsL !! k]hdf

ufp“kflnsf cWoIf lj?4 ;+3if{ ;ldlt ag]kf÷pkef]Qmf ;ldlt cfkm' cg's"n u7g u/L /sd clgoldt ug{ vf]h]sf] eGb} :yfgLox?n] t]dfn ufpkFflnsfdf ;+3{if ;ldlt u7g u/]sf 5g\ . t]dfn ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ !, @ / # sNn]/Lkfvf r'vfj]zL ;/dynL ;8s lgdf{0fsf qmddf ljlgof]hg ePsf] ! s/f]8 /sd lxpFb] ;efaf6 36fP/ *) nfv agfO{ pQm /sd vr{sf nflu ufpFkflnsf cWoIf ;nfdl;+ nfdfn] cfkmGtx?nfO{ ;ldltdf /fvL clgoldt ug{ vf]h]sf]

;+3{if ;ldltsf ;+of]hs xl/z/0f e08f/Ln] atfpg' eof] . ;ldlt u7gdf j8f cWoIfx?sf] ;d]t c;xdlt 5 . ufpFkflnsf cGtu{t af]xf]/] bf]efg 7'nf]k;]{n ltlq6f/ ;8s dd{tsf nflu cWoIf nfdfn] :yfgLo;Fu s'g} 5nkmn g} gu/L Psnf}6L ?kdf pkef]Qmf ;ldtL u7g u/]kl5 :yfgLo cfqmf]l;t ePsf x'g\ . cfqmf]lzt :yfgLox?n] ;+3{if ;ldlt u7g u/L kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/] . ufpFkflnsfdf cWoIf afFsL @ k]hdf

/fh]Gb| k;5]+ ag]kf÷sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf] kmfu'g @@ ut] zlgaf/ x'g] lgjf{rgsf nflu lxhf] a'waf/ pDd]bjf/L btf{ ul/Psf] 5 . Aoj;foLx?sf] ;femf ;+u7g pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf] lgjf{rgsf nflu pDd]bjf/L btf{ ;uF} pDd]bjf/x?sf] k|ltj4tf, kl/rofTds sfo{qmd tyf k|rf/ k|;f/ / ;j{;Ddtsf] k|of; z'? ul/Psf] 5 . a'waf/ pDd]bjf/x?n] Kofgn cg';f/sf] kl/rofTds sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf 5g\ . pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf] lgjf{rgsf nflu cWoIf kbdf/fh]Gb| k;+If] / a;Gt ef]lIfef]ofn] pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/fPsf 5g\ . lgjf{rgdf ! xhf/ ! ;o (% hgfn] dtbfg ug{] 5g\ . sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf] lgjf{rgsf nflu ul7t lgjf{rg ;ldltn] kmfu'g !* ut] dtbftf gfdfjnL k|sfzg u/]sf] lyof] eg] dtbftf gfdfjnL dfyL

j;Gt ef]l5ef]of

bfjLlj/f]w klg ;f]lx lbg /flvPsf] lyof] . lxhf] a'waf/ kmfu'g !( ut] pDd]bjf/L btf{, bfjL lj/f]w / pDd]bjf/L lkmtf{sf] ;do tf]lsPsf] lyof] . #% ;b:oLo sfo{;ldltsf nflu $) hgfn] pDd]bjf/L btf{ u/fPsf lyP . !) j6f kbdf lglj{/f]w ePsf] 5 . al/i7 pkfWoIf kbdf o;cl3 klg lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt k|tfk a}B k'gM lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] 5 .

To:t} d' V o ;+ o f] h s /fh]zs'df/ >]i7 / ;lrj ozs'df/ /l~ht lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ .

To:t} dlxnf ;b:o OGb|nIdL >]i7 / s'd'bf a}B klg lglj{/f]w ePsf 5g\ .

Pzf]l;P6 ;b:o ;fhg zfSo lglj{/f]w ePsf 5g\ . If]qut ;b:ox? >Ls[i0f yfkf, ljsf; s'df/ >]i7, ;'/]Gb| z'4fsf/ / ;'dg rf} k|wfg lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . If]qut ;b:odf !) kb cfjZos

o; ;+:yfsf] nflu lgDg sd{rf/L cfjZostf eO{ v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{af6 5gf]6 ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/saf6 b/vf:t k]z ug{ cfXjfg ul/G5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq gcfPsf] / l/t gk'uL k|fKt ePsf] b/vf:t pk/ s'g} lsl;dsf] sf/afxL x'g]5}g . cg'ejL pDd]åf/nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 .

t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SoFDk;

;lrj kbk"lt{ pk–;ldlt

kmf]g g+= )!!–^^)#!$

jif{sf] pd]/df xl/k|;fbsf] kmfu'g !* ut] lgwg ePsf] 5 . xl/k|;fbsf afFsL @ k]hdf

¨cWoIfdf /fh]Gb| k;FIf] / a;Gt ef]lIfef]of aLr k|lt:kwf{ ¨#% kbsf nflu $) sf] pDd]bjf/L, Pshgfsf] pDd]bjf/L lkmtf{ ¨ al/i7 pkfWoIf ;lxt !) kbdf lglj{/f]w ¨ If]qutdf !) dWo] $ hgfsf] dfq} pDd]bjf/L ¨ !!(% dtbftf

Quality Assurance and Accrediation (QAA) Cycle k'/f ug{ ;kmn

r_ b/vf:t lbg] :yfgM ;+:yfsf] s]lGb|o sfof{no ag]kf–&, uf]bfdrf]s 5_ ;doM laxfg !)M)) ah]b]lv a]n'sL %M)) ah];Dd -zlgaf/ laxfg !)M)) ah]b]lv lbpF;f] @M)) ah];Dd_ h_ b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltM ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq -@)&&÷!!÷@!_ em_ ;Dks{ ldltM b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltsf] ef]lnkN6 -@)&&÷!!÷@@_ `_ k/LIffsf] lsl;dM lnlvt, k|of]ufTds tyf cGt/jftf{ 6_ cGo ;'ljwfM kf];fs vr{, bz}F vr{, af]g;, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sf]if nufot cGo ;'ljwf ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ 7_ b/vf:t z'NsM C0f clws[t kbsf nflu ?=%)).–, ;]jfs]Gb| k|d'v kbsf nflu ?=#)).– -kl5 lkmtf{ gx'g] u/L_ ;b:o

a'afsf] @)&^ ebf}df !)! jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf] lyof] eg] dfO{nf] a'afsf] ut sflt{s dlxgfdf (* jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf] lyof] . (!

sfe]| pBfu] afl0fHo ;3+df rg'fjL ;/udL{

sd{rf/L cfjZostf lj1fkg g+= @.)&&.)&* s_ kbM C0f clws[t txM 5}7f}F v_ cfjZos sd{rf/L ;+VofM ! u_ tna :s]nM ##,**$.– 3_ cfjZos Go"gtd of]UotfM != jfl0fHozf:q ljifo lnO{ :gfts tx pQL0f{ @= @! jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] #= sDKo"6/ ;~rfng, k|:tfjgf n]vg, k|ltj]bg n]vg tyf ahf/Ls/0f ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf], ;xsf/L P]g lgodfjnLsf] /fd|f] 1fg ePsf] $= ;DalGwt kbdf slDtdf @ jif{sf] sfof{g'ej %= slDtdf b'O{ kfª\u|] ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq k|fKt lj1fkg g+= #.)&&.)&* s_ kbM ;]jfs]Gb| k|d'v -kgf}tL_ txM rf}Fyf] v_ cfjZos sd{rf/L ;+VofM ! u_ tna :s]nM !%,*$).–, eQf ?= #))).– 3_ cfjZos Go"gtd of]UotfM != jfl0fHozf:q ljifo lnO{ !)±@ pQL0f{ @= !* jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] #= sDKo"6/ ;~rfng ;DaGwL /fd|f] 1fg ePsf] $= ;DalGwt kbdf slDtdf ! jif{sf] sfof{g'ej %= slDtdf b'O{ kfª\u|] ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq k|fKt ª_ x:tlnlvt b/vf:t ;fy ;+nUg ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx¿-b'j} kbsf] nflu_ != g]kfnL gul/stfsf] k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnlk ! k|lt @= z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0f kqsf] kltlnlk ! k|lt #= sDKo"6/ tflnd tyf cGo cg'ejsf] k|df0fkqx¿sf] k|ltlnlk !÷! k|lt $= xfn;fn} lvr]sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] @ k|lt %= JolQmut ljj/0f jfof]8f6f ^= ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnlk !

gofFufpF, d08gb]pk'/÷k"j{dGqL Pj+ g]skf s]lGb|o ;b:o tyf lhNnf OGrfh{ uf]s'n af:sf]6fnfO{ lkt[ zf]s k/]sf] 5 . af:sf]6fsf lktf xl/k|;fb af:sf]6fsf] (! jif{sf] pd]/df d+unaf/ kmfu'g !* ut] ;fFem d08gb]pk'/ l:yt gofFufpFdf lgjf;d} lgwg ePsf] 5 .

8]9jif{sf] aLrdf xl/k|;fb af:sf]6fsf tLg}hgf bfh'efO{sf] lgwg ePsf] 5 . k"j{dGqL af:sf]6fsf] h]7f]

x'g]df rf/ hgfsf] eGbf pDd]bjf/L btf{ gePsf] lgjf{rg ;+of]hs nIdLnfn /fhe08f/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pkfWoIf b'O{ kbsf nflu tLg hgfsf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . h;df :oDe'/fh zfSo, u|'j]g tf}hn] / s}nfz knf~rf]s] /x]sf 5g\ . pBf]u tkm{ Ps / afl0fHo tkm{ Ps Ps pkfWoIf /xg]5g\ . dxf;lrj kbsf nflu ljsfz zdf{ ltdlN;gf / /ljGb| a}bf/sf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . sf]iffWoIf kbsf nflu /l~ht knf~rf]s] / s[i0fnfn >]i7 aLr k|lt:kwf{ x'g] ePsf] 5 . pxfxF? b'a} hgfsf] sf]iffWoIf kbdf pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . To:t} ;x ;lrj kbsf nflu lj1fg wf}uf]8f / xl/s'df/ sdf{rfo{sf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . ;x sf]iffWoIf kbsf nflu ;'ljGb| /fhe08f/L / ledk|;fb 9sfnsf] pDd]bfj/L btf{

kgf}tL, sfe|]knf~rf]s pRr lzIffsf] If]qdf cu|0fL :yfg cf]u6\g ;kmn kgf}tL–*, l:yt t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;df z}lIfs ;q @)&&÷)&* sf] nflu :gfts tx k|yd jif{df

egf{ v'Nof] ;+rflnt sfo{qmd

B.B.S.

4 Years - English & Nepali Medium

B.Ed.

4 Years - English, Nepali, Maths Population

B.A.

4 Years - Sociology & Rural Development

kmf]g g+= )!!–$$))@*, $$!$&& Email: tmcpanauti@gmail.com

17

ePsf] 5 . ;x d'Vo ;+of]hs kbsf nflu tLghgfsf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . af]wgfy ahufO{, ?;g >]i7 / cfTdf/fd yfkfsf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] xf] . cfTdf/fd yfkfn] pDd]bjf/L lkmtf{ lng' ePsf] 5 . !) hgf v'Nnf tkm{sf] sfo{;ldlt ;b:o kbsf nflu !$ hgfsf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . dfgsfhL k|wfg, /fds'df/ >]i7, dl0fs'df/ t'd|'s, cd/gfy afb] >]i7, ledk|;fb cfrfo{, /fhs'df/ >]i7 …PÚ, pd]z/Tg zfSo, lbk]Gb| a}bf/, bdgs'df/ >]i7, zDe'k|;fb kf}8]n, /lj tf}hn], k'?iff]td dfgGw/ -dGqL_, /f]lxt s'df/ >]i7 / Zofds'df/ efn'-d'gfn_ sf] pDd]bjf/L btf{ ePsf] 5 . pDd]bjf/x?sf] clGtd gdfjnLsf] ;"rL ljxLaf/ ljxfg k|sfzg x'g]5 . dtbfg nuQ} dtu0fgf x'g]5 . b'a} ;d'xn] a'waf/ ;feFm pDd]bjf/x?sf] kl/rofTds sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf 5g\ .

@

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = = ;s + 6df jgn] lgefPsf] el"dsf ljZje/L km}lnPsf] sf]le8 !( n] ljZjsf ;a} If]q k|efljt agfPsf] 5. sf]le8 ;+qmldtx?sf] ;+Vof 3l6/x] eP klg ;+qmd0fsf] hf]lvd 36]sf] 5}g. g]kfn ;/sf/n] r/0f r/0fdf efO{/; lj?4sf] vf]k sfo{qmd z'? ul//x]sf] 5. vf]k sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L eP ;Fu} gful/sx?df ;Gt'li6 / efO{/; k|ltsf] j]jf:tf al9/x]sf] 5. o;sf afah't sf]/f]gf efO{/;sf] ;dodf x/]s If]qn] efO{/; km}ng glbg, gful/sx?nfO{ Ps csf{ k|lt ;'/lIft /fVg, 3/ leq lg:;fl;g k'u]sf gful/sx?nfO{ ;xh / :jR5 jftfj/0f k|bfg ug{] ;fd'bflos jgsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x\of]. ;fd'bflos jgaf6 gful/sx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] :jR5 xfjf dfq} xf]O{g sf]/f]gf efO{/;sf sf/0f ns8fpgsf] cjwLdf jgx?n] lgefPsf] e"ldsf ;Xflgo 5. ;+s6df gful/sx?nfO{ dxfdf/L km}ng lbg ljleGg If]qsf gful/sx?, ;+3;+:yfx?sf] e"ldsf km/s km/s /x]sf] lyof]. dxfdf/L /f]syfd, lgoGq0f / Aoj:yfkg;Fu} ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3 cGt{ut jg ;d'xx?n] pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] ;]jfsf af/]df km/s–km/s cg'e"lt / cg'ej /x]sf] 5. sf]/f]gfsf] ;dodf ePsf] ns8fpgsf sf/0f ag ;d'xn] :jtGq eP/ sfd ug{ ;s]gg\ t/ klg hlt u/] To;n] pkef]Qmfx?sf nflu ;xh agfPsf] eg] kSs} xf]. sf]/f]gf cjwLdf klg ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ df kh{] uf];fO{s'08 ;fd'bflos jg ;+/If0fsf nflu !) jif{] sfo{of]hgf tof/ ul/Psf] 5. lhNnfsf k'/fgf agx? dWo] uf];fO{s'08 kb{5. @)!(–@)@% ;fn;Dd uf];fO{s'08 If]qsf] gfËf] kfvfnfO{ xl/ofnL agfpg ci6«]lnog jg ;fd'bflos kl/of]hgf dfkm{t ;Nnfsf lj?jfx? a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] lyof]. pQm lj?jfx? ;+/If0f ePs} sf/0f pQm If]q xl/ofnL b]lvPsf] 5. ;'Vvf / phf8 If]q xl/ofnL x'Fbf To;n] gful/sx?nfO{ lbPsf] :jR5 xfjf, lg/Gt/ lkpg] kfgL / cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6sLo If]q x'Fb} b}lgs dlg{Ëjfs cfpg]x?sf nflu zfl//Ls / dfgl;s ?kdf klg ;xh agfO{ /x]sf] 5. pkef]Qmfx?sf] ;lqmotf /xFbf;Dd pQm jgsf] ;+/If0f eO{/x] klg v'Nnf If]qsf sf/0f l;dfgfaf6 cltqmd0f cyf{t wfld{s If]q ePsfn] To;n] k|efj kfl/ g} /x]sf] 5. sf]/f]gf cjwLd} tof/ ePsf] u'?of]hgf cGt{ut ;Nnfsf ?vx? lj:yflkt agfpg] of]hgf 5. ;Nnfsf ?vx?n] kfgL ;f]:g] / d'nx? ;'sfpFb} uPsfn] To;sf 7fpFdf /l;nf ?vx? cWoog u/]/ nufpg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5. plt;, lrnfpg] hftsf ?vx?nfO{ ;d]t ;Nnf]n] 5fofFdf kf/]sf] 5. pQm jg leq x/]s jif{ hg}k'l0f{dfsf] lbg l5d]sL lhNnfx?af6 ;d]t wfld{s ko{6sx?sf] 3'O{rf] nfUg] ub{5. lxGb' wdf{jnDaLx?sf] cnfjf a'4 wd{ dfGg]x? klg pQm lbg d]nf eg{] u/]sf 5g\. sf]le8 !( sf sf/0f pQm hfqf of] k6s x'g ;s]g. hfqf gePs} sf/0f pQm If]qdf cfjthfjt sdL x'g uof]. sf]le8 !( n] jg of]hgf tof/ ug{ / sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf r'gf}tL ylkof]. ;d'xsf ;b:ox? ;d]t e]nf eP/ a}7s tyf e]nf ug{ g;s] kl5 tTsfn sfo{ cuf8L a9fpg ;lsPg. sf]le8 !( df 3/ leq} al;/xFbf AolQmdf kg{] gsf/fTds c;/ 5Ng tyf AolQm :j:y aGg zx/L If]qaf6 AolQmx?sf] 3'FO{rf] nfUof]. Ps k6s t agdf cfunfuL ;d]t eof]. sf]le8 !( sf] a]nf agdf cfunfuL eP kl5 cfuf] lgoGq0fdf lng xDd] xDd] eof]. b}lgs @÷# ;o AolQmx? jg leq :jR5 xfjfsf nflu cfPsf sf/0f jg If]q ;'/lIft eof]. sf]le8n] pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ ;r]t dfq} u/fPg ;fd'bflos jgx?sf] ;+/If0f x'Fbf ljkb\df cf>o lng ;xh agfof].

k"j{dGqL============================

rf/efO{ 5f]/f dWo] uf]s'n sfG5f] 5f]/f x'g\ . uf]s'nsf] cfdf @)&@ df3 @* ut] lgwg ePsf] lyof] . e'sDk uPsf] jif{ pxfFsf] lgwg ePsf] lyof] . kfFr jif{sf] aLrdf uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] a'af cfdf b'a} u'dfPsf 5g\ . Psjif{ b]lv lg/Gt/ lj/fdL /x]sf xl/k|;fb & lbg b]vL ulDe/ lyP . d[ts xl/k|;fbk|lt efjk'0f{ >4f~hnL AoQm ub{} zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hg k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf AoQm ub{5f}+ .

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

sfe|]sf] ;d[l4df cl3Nnf tLgjif{x? ;+3Lo /fhwfgL sf7df8f}af6 k'ugk'u @% ls= dL= / ef}uf]lns lx;fan] eQmk'/ lhNnfn] sf7df8f}af6 cnUofPsf] sfe| ] k nf~rf] s lhNnf ef} u f] l ns cjl:ylt, ;a}vfn] xfjfkfgLsf] ;xhtf, k|r'/ k|fs[lts ;|f]t;fwgsf] pknAwtf, t/fO{, kxf8 / lxdfnL lhNnfx?;Fu l;dfgf hf]l8Psf] g]kfnsf jt{dfg ;QxQ/ lhNnfx?dWo]sf] ;'Gb/, ;+efjgfo'Qm, P]ltxfl;s Pj+ wfld{s lj/f;t ePsf] lhNnf xf] . gdf]a'4, >L:jf:yfgLdf jl0f{t >Lefn]Zj/, wg]Zj/ dxfb]jsf] dlGb/, zlQmsL kof{o knf~rf]s eujtL, r08]Zj/L, gfnfeujtL, zf/bfb]jL, dfg]Zj/L h:tf k|lz4 eujtLx?sf] lj/fhdfgtf, k|To]s af¥xaif{df df3 dlxgfdf nfUg] ds/d]nf nfUg] kgf}tLl:yt lqj]0fLwfd nufotsf lxGb' Pj+ af}4wdf{nDaLx?sf]

cGtls{|of rNg yfNof] . s]Gb|Lo /fhwfgLaf6 6f9f /x]/ klg sltko lhNnfx? g]tfsf] cu|;/tfdf ljsf;kydf lgSs} cufl8 a9]sf] tYonfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ b/fhgLlts bnsf] s]Gb|Lo g]t[Tjdf sfe|]nLx?sf] ul/dfdo pkl:yt gx' g ' / ;Sg] lhNnfaf;Lx?af6 klg cfˆgf] dft[e"ldk|lt plrt Gofo ug{ g;Sg' xf] eGg] lgisif{df k'Ub} ;a}nfO{ æsfe|]sf] nflu s]xL u/f}+ ÛÆ cfJxfgsf ;fy cfd sfe|]nLx? c6fpg ;Sg] u}//fhgLlts, u}/gfkmfd"ns ;]jfbfoL ;femf ;+:yfsf] ?kdf lj=;+= @)^( ;fndf sfe|] ;]jf ;dfh, sfe|]sf] u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} sfe|]sf] ;d[l4 / sfe|]nLx?sf] ;Da4If]qdf pQ/f]Q/ pGgogsf] pkf;s /x]sf] 5 of] ;+:yfn] k|f/Deb]lv g} /fhgLlts bnsf]

;~rfng eO{ sfd ;lsg] r/0fdf /x]sf, sf]xL e6fe6 lgdf{0fsf] r/0fdf /x]sf / s]xL k|f/De x'g] r/0fdf /x]sf pko{'Qm kl/of]hgfx? kl5Nnf] lbgdf ljsl;t /fhgLlts cl:y/tf / cGof}ntfsf] sf]kefhgdf k/]/ j]jfl/;] gag"g egL ;Dk"0f{ sfe|]nLx? ;hu x'g'kg{] ePsf] 5 .

cf:yfsf] s]Gb|;Fu ;+alGwt xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofsf d7, dlGb/n] o;nfO{ kljq wfld{s lhNnfsf] ?kdf klg lrgfPsf 5g\ .

1fglj1fgsf] ljleGg ljwfsf pRrsf]6Lsf ;k"tx?nfO{ hGd lbP/ sfe|]sf] df6f] WfGowGo ag]sf] 5 . hLjg lgjf{ x sf nflu aGbJofkf/df lgdUg ;lx/of sfe|]nLx? / cGgkft pAhgLsf nflu cxf] / fq v]taf/Lsf] df6f] cf]N6fOkN6fO{ ug{] wlt{k'qx?sf] hGde"ld sfe|]n] g]kfnsf] x/]s kl/jt{gsfdL cfGbf]ng / h'g;'s} k|s[ltsf] ljb|f]xdf cu|df]rf{df pleP/ cfˆgf] P]Soj4tf k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 . lg/ª\ s ' z tf lj/f] w L cleofgsf cleoGtfx? sf7df8f}+df c;'/lIft x'Fbf af; a:g] 7fpF klg sfe|] lhNnf g} xf] . oL ;a} x'Fbfx'Fb} klg s] /f0ff zf;gsfn, s] k~rfotLsfn jf s] ;+;bLo jx'bnLo k|hftflGqs zf;gsfn ;a} ;dodf /fhwfgLsf] aundf pleP/ klg sfe|]n] cfˆgf] cfjZostf, ;+efJotf, ck]Iff / ;dosf] kbrfk cg';f/sf] ljsf;÷lgdf{0fsf] cj;/ k|fKt ug{ ;s]g .

Tolta]nf nfhn] jfWo eP/ kmf§km'§ ;dfj]z ul/g] sd dxTjsf kl/of]hgf jf pRrkb:y sfe|]nL sd{rf/Lx?n] kl/l:yt cg's"n ePsf] avt dft[e"ldk|ltsf] st{Joaf]wn] kfg{] of]hgfafx]s ljsf;, lgdf{0fsf] ;DaGwdf /fHon] Gofo gu/]sf] lhNnfdWo]sf] Ps xf] sfe|] lhNnf . bzjif{] hgo'4s} ;]/f]km]/f]df b]zsf ;a} 7"nf;fgf bnx? ldn]/ cfJxfg ul/Psf] lj=;+= @)^@÷^# sf] j[xt\ hgfGbf]ngsf] qmddf sfe|] gfnfsf eLd;]g bfxfn kf]v/fdf klxnf] ;lxb aGg k'u] . lhpbFf] ;lxb d's]z sfo:y cBfjlw ag]kfdf cr]t cj:yfdf g} lgSs} gfh's / hf]lvdo'Qm hLjg afr F L /xg' ePsf] 5 . of] bzsdf klg sfe|] /fHosf] gh/df k6Ss} 5fpg ;s]g . oL ofjt kl/36gfn] cfd sfe|]nLx?nfO{ s]Gb|Lo /fhwfgL;uFsf] lgs6tf lhNnfsf] lgldQ clezfk aGb} uPsf] cj:yfn] lbglbg} lrlGtt t'NofpbFf] lyof] . u'0f:t/Lo vfBfGg, t/sf/L kmnkm"n, b"UwhGo kbfy{, d/]/ sfd ug{] OdfGbf/ / ;fxl;s hgzlQm /fhwfgLnfO{ pknAw u/fpF b } u /fpF b } klg sfe| ] olt;f/f] jl~rtLs/0fdf kg{] sf/0fsf ;DaGwdf sfe|]nLx?sfaLr Jofks ax; tyf

;"rgf /f]huf/Lsf nflu ul/g] lj1fkg j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefuaf6 :jLs[t k|fKt u/]sf lj1fkgnfO{ dfq ljZjf; u/f}+ / 7lugaf6 hf]lucf}+ . g]kfn ;/sf/

;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno ;"rgf tyf k|;f/0f ljefu

s]Gb|Lo tx, /fHosf] gLltlgdf{0f txdf sfe|]nLx?sf] k|efjsf/L pkl:ylt / sfe|]sf] ;+efJotfsf] clwstd ;b'kof]usf] kIfdf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . b'O{ sfo{sfn nufP/ ;+3Lo nf]stflGas u0ftfGqfTds zf;g Joj:yfsf] dfWodåf/f lbuf] zflGt,;'zf;g, ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] cfsf+Iff k"/f ug{ ;+ljwfg ;efn] ldlt @)&@÷)^÷)# df b]zsf] d"n sfg'gsf] ?kdf ;+ljwfg hf/L u/]kl5 ePsf] klxnf] cfdlgjf{rg kl5 ;ef;b\df ljhoL dfggLo uf]s'nk|;fb afF:sf]6f bn PsLs/0f eP/ ag]sf] g]=s=kf=sf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:odf / g]kfnL sf+u|];sf sfe|]nL g]tf >Llzjk|;fb x'dfufFO{ g]kfnL sf+u|]; kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:odf dgf]gog x'g' ePkl5 7"nf /fhgLlts bnsf] s]Gb|Lo txdf ca sfe|]nLsf] k|ltlglwTj eof] eGGg] xif{n] sfe|] ;]jf ;dfhsf] tTsfnLg sfo{ ;ldltsf] a} 7 sn] ;j{;Ddltaf6 s]Gb|Lo ;b:oåonfO{ xflb{s awfO{ / pxfFx?sf] nfdf] /fhgLlts hLjgsf] plrt d"Nofª\sg u/L :yfg pknAw u/fpg] bn / bnsf g]tfx?k|lt xflb{s cfef/ k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] . ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltn] s/La ^ jif{ cl3 o; ;dfhsf ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldltsf ;+:yfks cWoIf pd]zk|;fb d}gfnLnfO{ nf]s;]jf cfof]u h:tf] ;DDfflgt lgsfosf] cWoIfdf ug{' ePsf] lgo'lQmn] klg ;d:t sfe|]nLx?nfO{ uf}/jflGjt agfPsf] lyof] . ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] klxnf] lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffd g]=s=kf=sf] kIfdf x'g k'Uof] . g]=s=kf=n] ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf tyf kf6L{ cWoIf -k|ltlglw;efsf] lj36g, k'gM:yfkgf cflb 36gfqmdsf] l;nl;nfdf g]skfdf klg 6'6km'6, ljefhg / sfo{stf{x?sf] rfxgf ljk/Lt g]tfx?sf] Psfsf{nfO{ lxnf] 5|ofKg] clk|o v]n / ;DalGwtsf] lghL :jefj tyf z}nLn] kl5Nnf] lbgdf cfnf]rgf k|Tofnf]rgfsf] c:jefljs k|tLt x'g]qmd cln a9L g} b]lvPtf klg_ s]kL cf]nLsf] g]t[Tjdf ag]sf] ;/sf/n] dGqLd08nsf] k' g u{ 7 gsf] l;nl;nfdf dfggLo uf] s ' n k| ; fb afF:sf]6fnfO{ ;"rgf ;~rf/ / k|ljlwdGqL Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|jQmf tf]s]kl5 sfe|]sf] ;du| cfly{s ljsf;sf] 3'D6f] dHhfn] p3fl/Psf] xf] eGGf lxlRsrfpg'

ufp“kflnsf======= ;nfdl;+ nfdfnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg / lng vf]Hbf ckzAb k|of]u ub{} b'Ao{jxf/ u/]sf] :yfgLo ;fO{nf tfdfªn] atfpg' eof] . jif]{ clwj]zg dfkm{t ;8s dd{t ;Def/sf nflu ! s/f]8 ?k}ofF ljlgof]hg ePsf] lyof] . To;kZrft cfly{s jif{ @)&& ÷&* sf] ufpFkflnsfsf] lxpFb] kl/ifb\af6 pQm /sddf ;+zf]wg u/L @) nfv ?k}ofF j8f gDa/ @ l:yt ofªa]n vf]nf klx/f] Joj:yfkgsf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] 5 eg] *) nfv ?k}ofF af]xf]/] bf]efg 7'nf]k;]{n ltlq6f/ ;8s dd{tsf nflu ljlgof]hg ePsf] lyof] . t/ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g ubf{ cWoIf nfdfn] :yfgLonfO{ g} hfgsf/L glbO{ sfd u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . j8f gDa/ @ sf] klx/f] Joj:yfkgsf nflu j8f gDa/ # sf dfq} dflg;x? ;dfj]z u/]/ pkef]Qmf ;ldt u7g ul/Psf] eg] ;8s dd{tsf nflu ;ldlt u7g ubf{ klg To; e]usf pkef]QmfnfO{ yfxf g} glbO ufpFkflnsf cWoIf nfdfsf cfkmGtnfO{ /fv]/ ;ldt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] cWoIfdf dlgn tfdfª / ;lrjdf lg/ tfdfª 5g\ . cWoIf lg/ tfdfª ufpFkflnsf cWoIfsf efO{ x'g] eg] ;lrj elth x'g\ . o; ljifodf ufpF k flnsf cWoIf;Fu j'em\g vf]Hbf ufpFkflnsfsf] sfo{sIf leq g} cdfgjLo Jojxf/ ePsf] sNn]/Lkfvf vx/]3f6 r'vfa]zL ;/dynL ;8s ;+3if{ ;ldltsf cWoIf xl/z/0f e08f/Ln] atfpg' eof] . x/]s ljsf; lgdf{0fdf ;a} gful/ssf] a/fa/L hg;xeflutf, kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]xLtf x'g'kg]{ dfGotf ljkl/t ufpFkflnsf cWoIfn] :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;+rfng sfo{ljlw @)&$ nfO{ ;d]t va]jf:tf ul/ hgrfxfgf ljkl/t sfo{ u/]sf] k|lt uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] ;+3if{ ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 . ufpFkflnsfn] cfkm'v';L lgdf{0f u/]sf] af]xf]/] bf]efg 7'nf]k;]{n ltlq6f/ ;8s dd{t ;Def/ pkef]Qmf;Fu ufpFkflnsfn] u/]sf] ;Demf}tf /f]sL To; pkef]Qmf ;ldltnfO{ lj36g u/L t]dfn ufpFkflnsf j8f gDa/ !,@,#,$,^,& / ( sf] ;+o'Qm pkef]QmfnfO{ e]nf u/fpg ;+3if{

cfhsf] ljrf/ s]zj yfkf kb{}g .

sfe|]sf b"/b/fhsf a:tLx?df k|b]z tyf :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;d]tsf] ;xdltdf ;d[ l 4sf cTofjZos cjojx?sf] ultzLntf / k|efjsfl/tfsf] ;ZfQm dfWod ;8s ;~hfnsf] lj:tf/, OGb|fjtL ;/f]j/sf] lgdf{0faf6 vfg]kfgL ljt/0f, hnljB't pTkfbg nufot ;f]sf] qmdzM jx'kIfLo pkof]u, cfocfh{g / :j/f]huf/sf] kof{o k|fljlws lzIffsf] nflu kfFrvfndf dbge08f/L ljZjljBfno lgdf{0f, ;fdl/s tyf /fli6«o ;'/Iff tyf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg cflb ljifodf ljZjlJfBfno:t/sf] u'0f:t/Lo lzIff lbg] l8km]G; ljZjlJfBfnosf] ;fFufdf :yfkgf, kgf}tL, s'zfb]jL, /ofn] x'Fb} nlntk"/ k'Ug] ;fljssf] sRrL af6f]nfO{ /fhdfu{sf]?kdf :t/Ls/0f, kfFrvfndf ljz]if cfly{s If]q :yfkgfsf] sfdsf] ;'rf?tf, kgf}tL, w'lnv]n / ag]ksf] ;ª\ud:ynsf] ?kdf /x]sf] wg]Zj/df ljZj:t/sf] ;'/lIft, u'0f:t/Lo, ;'kyd"Nodf a}+ssf gf]6, r]s cflb Hf:tf dxTjk"0f{ ;fdfu|L 5kfO{ ug{] cTofw'lgs ;]So'l/6L k|];sf] :yfkgf -o;} ;+aGwL 6]k k|s/0fn] g}ltstfsf] cfwf/df /flhgfdf lbPsf] / o; ;+aGwL d'2f cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg cj:yfdf /x]sf]_ ag]kf, kgf}tL, w'lvn]n PsLs[t vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf] zL3| sfo{:fDkfbg, g]kfn ;/sf/ / bft[lgsfosf] ;xof]udf ;Dk"0f{ ;'ljwf;lxtsf] u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ug{] b'Ob'Oj6f gd"gf ;fd'bflos dfWolds ljBfno ejgsf] lgdf{0f, kgf}tL, ag]kf, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf / a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsf;lxt PsLs[t EofnL lgdf{0fsf] ;+efJotf cWoog, wfld{s ;f+:s[lts tyf P]ltxfl;s ;x/ kgf}tLsf] ljZj;Dkbfdf ;"rLs/0fdf ;lqmotf, sfe|]s} pko'Qm :yndf 3/]n' ljdfg:yn lgdf{0fsf] ;+efJotf cWoog, :jb]zdf ePsf] avt x/]s xKtf sfe|]sf ljleGg :ynx?df k'u]/ lgoldt :ynut cjnf]sg e|d0f / ;j{;fw/0fnfO{ ljsf;k|lt clek|]l/t ug{] hfFu/n] pxfF :jod\sf] Voflt a9fpg'sf] ;fy} 5f]6} ;dodf sfe|]sf] ;d[l4sf] gjlIflht km/flsnf] eP/ p3fl/Psf] 5 . o;} n ] sfe| ] s f] cfly{ s ljsf;nfO{ jt{dfg tyf efjLk':tfn] cfoGbf uf]s'nk|\;fb afF:sf]6f -pxfFsf] df}lns lghL z}nL / Jojxf/k|lt o; ;dfhsf] s'g} l6Kk0fL / k|lts[of g/x]sf]_ sf] ;do cl3 / kl5sf] eg]/ cWoog / ljZn]if0f ug{] ;+efjgf 68\sf/f] ag]sf] sfe|] ;]jf ;dfh, sfe|]sf] 7DofO{ /x]sf] 5 . g] k fnsf] /fhgLltdf pbfpg] efjL /fhgLlt1x?nfO{ klg cfufdL lbgdf sfe|]nL df6f]k|lt slDtdf klg pxfFsf] hlt

ug{ bjfj kg{] lglZrt g} 5 . afF:sf]6f nufot ljleGg txdf k|ltlglwTj ug{] hgk|ltlglwx?k|lt o; ;dfhsf] ;fw'jfb 5 . ;+3LodGqL g} ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfddf cle?rLk"j{s v6\g], To;df rf;f] /fVg] ePkl5 :yfgLo txx? klg ljsf;sf] nodf pT;fxk"j{s ;fd]n x'g'kg{] cj:yf k}bf x'Fbf] /x]5 . cfˆgf] 7fpFdf x'g] ljsf; / To;sf] bL3{sfnLg pkfb]otfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L kfPkl5 ;j{;fw/0fdf klg k|:tfljt ljsf; cfof]hgfk|lt ckgTjaf]wsf] efjgf hfu[t x'g] /x]5 . Ps 7fpFdf ljsf; cfof]hgf k|f/De ePkl5 csf{ :yfgsf hgtfn] klg xfdLnfO{ ljsf; v} egL dfu ug{] cfF6 h'6fpFbf /x]5g\ . o; cy{df klg dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5, sfe|]sf] ljsf;sf] ;Gbe{df o; cl3sf] tLgjif{ . ;~rfng eO{ sfd ;lsg] r/0fdf /x]sf, sf]xL e6fe6 lgdf{0fsf] r/0fdf /x]sf / s]xL k|f/De x'g] r/0fdf /x]sf pko{'Qm kl/of]hgfx? kl5Nnf] lbgdf ljsl;t /fhgLlts cl:y/tf / cGof} n tfsf] sf]kefhgdf k/]/ j]jfl/;] gag"g egL ;Dk"0f{ sfe|]nLx? ;hu x'g'kg{] ePsf] 5 . vfBfGg, b"UwJoj;fo, kmnkm"nv]tL, ko{6g -wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts, ;fxl;s, dgf]/~hgfTds, z}lIfs cflb_, vfgLhGo pBf]u, kl/jxgsf ;fwgsf] dd{t tyf kf6{k"hf{ h8fg, / k/Dk/fut Jofkf/ sfe|]df km:6fPsf / km:6fpg ;Sg] Joj;fo ePsf]n] logLx?sf] ;d'lrt pTyfgsf] lgldQ klg cfjZos kxn ug{'kg{] b]lvG5 . sfe|] PsLs[t EofnLsf] kl/sNkgf ;fsf/ kfg{ k'0odlt tyf /f]zdtL vf]nfsf] ;/;kmfO{ / kfgLsf] d'xfgsf] ;+/If0fdf uDeL/ aGb} sfe|]sf] uf}/jsf] ?kdf /x]sf] kgf}tL hnljB't of]hgf / /];dv]tLsf] klg k'g?Tyfgtkm{ sbd rfNg' pko'Qm x'g]b]lvG5 . ljsf;dWo] klg ;a} e Gbf dxTjk"0f{ ljsf; dfgjLok'FhLsf] ljsf; ePsf] x'Fbf lzIff, :jf:y, tflnd, k|lzIf0f, k| f ] T ;fxg / cj;/sf] dfWodaf6 sfe|]nLx?sf] Ifdtf / ;d"xdf ldn]/ Jofj;flos Pj+ v'nf / k|hftflGqs9ª\un] sfd ug{] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; u/L ;fem]bf/L jf ;+o'Qmk'FhL sDkgL jf ;xsf/L k|f?k cg';f/ sfd ug{]x?nfO{ cfjZos k|f]T;fxg, k|]/0ff, cfly{s cg'bfg, cf}lrTok"0f{ Ifltk"lt{ ;d]tsf] Joj:yf u/L ;+ljwfgn] kl/sNkgf u/] cg';f/sf] ;dfhjfbf]Gd'v cy{Joj:yfsf] cfwf/zLnf lgdf{0fdf klg cu|0fL e"ldsf lgefpg] hgzlQm pTkfbgtkm{ klg sfe|]sf] kxn /xg'k5{ . lgTo sfe|]sf] ;d[l4 / ;DkGgtfsf] cf/wgf ug{] o; ;dfh sfe|]sf] cfly{s ;d[l4sf] ult efjLlbgdf klg cvl08t /xL slDtdf klg o;} ultdf cl3 a9f];\ eGg] sfdgf u5{ . -n]vs yfkf sfe|] ;]jf ;dfhsf cWoIf x'g'x'G5 ._

;ldltsf] dfu 5 . cGoyf ufpFkflnsfn] Psnf}6L ?kdf lgdf{0f u/]sf] pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] ;8s lgdf{0fsf] sfd z'? u/]df To;af6 x'g hfg]

clk|o 36gfsf] lhDd]jf/ :jo+ ufpFkflnsf x'g] ;+3if{ ;ldltsf] r]tfjgL 5 . cfkm'x? ljsf; la/f]wL gePsf] eGb} ;fOnf tfdfªn] gLlt, ljlw sfod xf];\ eGg] dfq} rfxgf /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ .

#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

cToflws dtsf ;fy ljhoL u/fcf}+ sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] kmfu'g @@ ut] x'g] $! cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;efdf /fh]Gb| k;5]+sf] g]t[Tjsf] KofgnnfO{ cToflws dtsf ;fy ljhoL u/fpg xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

/fh]Gb| k;5]+ cWoIf

/fh]zs'df/ >]i7

d'Vo ;+of]hs -lglj{/f]w_

dfgsfhL k|wfg ;b:o

pd]z/Tg zfSo ;b:o

k|tfk j}B jl/i7 pkfWoIf -lglj{/f]w_

ozs'df/ /+lht ;lrj -lglj{/f]w_

dl0f s'df/ t'd|'s ;b:o

/fds'df/ >]i7 ;b:o

OGb|nIdL >]i7

dlxnf ;b:o -lglj{/f]w_

s'd'bf j}B

:jo+e'/fh zfSo pkfWoIf

lj1fg wf}uf]8f ;x;lrj

ledk|;fb cfrfo{ ;b:o

bdgs'df/ >]i7 ;b:o

dlxnf ;b:o -lglj{/f]w_

;'ljGb| /fhe08f/L ;xsf]iffWoIf

bfKrf If]qut -lglj{/f]w_

/fds'df/ >]i7 ;b:o

lbk]Gb| j}bf/ ;b:o

;'/]Gb| ;'4fsf/

/l~ht knf~rf]s] sf]iffWoIf

?;g >]i7 ;x d'Vo ;+of]hs

cd/gfy jfb] >]i7 ;b:o

zDe'k|;fb kf}8]n ;b:o

ljsf; s'= >]i7

/ljGb| j}bf/ dxf;lrj

ag]kf @ If]qut -lglj{/f]w_ ag]kf ! If]qut -lglj{/f]w_

;b:o

/f]lxts'df/ >]i7 ;b:o

k'?iff]Qd dfgGw/ -dGqL_ ;b:o

;'dg rf} k|wfg

/lj tf}hn]

Zofds'df/ efn' ;b:o

;fhg zfSo

Pzf]l;P6 -lglj{/f]w_

lgjf{rg k|rf/ k|;f/ ;ldlt, sfe|]

$

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

xflb{s awfO{

g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Dat lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

k'?iff]Qd ;'j]bL k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

***

ljdnf zdf{

tyf

pkk|d'v

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3

$! cf}+ r'gfjL ;fwf/0f ;ef j;Gt gf/fo0f ef]l5ef]of g]t[Tjsf] ;Ifd / ;zQm KofgnnfO{ dtbfg u/L cToflws ax'dtn] ljhoL u/fOlbg'x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

j;Gtgf/fo0f ef]l5ef]of cWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/

s[i0fnfn >]i7 sf]iffWoIf

dfgsfhL k|wfg ;b:o v'Nnf

k|tfk j}B jl/i7 pkfWoIf -lglj{/f]w_

/fh]zs'df/ >]i7

d'Vo ;+of]hs -lglj{/f]w_

u|f]a]g tf}hn] pkfWoIf

ozs'df/ /+lht ;lrj -lglj{/f]w_

s}nfz knf~rf]s] ljsf; zdf{ ltdlN;gf pkfWoIf dxf;lrj

xl/s'df/ sdf{rfo{ ledk|;fb 9sfn ;x;lrj

;xsf]iffWoIf

af]wgfy ahufO{ ;x d'Vo ;+of]hs

/fds'df/>]i7 -P_ /fds'df/>]i7 -aL_ dl0fs'df/ t'd|']fs cd/gfy jfb] >]i7 ledk|;fb cfrfo{ ;b:o v'Nnf

;b:o v'Nnf

;b:o v'Nnf

;b:o v'Nnf

;b:o v'Nnf

bdgs'df/ >]i7

/f]lxts'df/ >]i7

Zofds'df/ efn'

pd]z/Tg zfSo ;b:o v'Nnf

dlxnf ;b:o -lglj{/f]w_

s'd'bf j}B

ljsf; s'= >]i7

;'/]Gb| ;'4fsf/

;'dg rf} k|wfg

;fhg zfSo

;b:o v'Nnf

dlxnf ;b:o -lglj{/f]w_

;b:o v'Nnf

bfKrf If]qut -lglj{/f]w_

;b:o v'Nnf

ag]kf @ If]qut -lglj{/f]w_ ag]kf ! If]qut -lglj{/f]w_

OGb|nIdL >]i7

Pzf]l;P6 -lglj{/f]w_

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

xflb{s >4f~hnL

xflb{s >4f~hnL

:j= xl/k|;fb af:sf]6f

:j= xl/k|;fb af:sf]6f

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ s]lGb|o ;b:o, sfe|] lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf g]skfsf g]tf uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] k"hgLo lktf xl/k|;fb af:sf]6fsf] (! jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ s]lGb|o ;b:o, sfe|] lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf k"j{ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] k"hgLo lktf xl/k|;fb af:sf]6fsf] (! jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

k|0f/fh Gof}kfg]

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

lgd{nf zfxL pkk|d'v

6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jf k|d'v

d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ d08gb]pk'/, s'Gtfj]zL, sfe|]

xflb{s >4f~hnL

xflb{s >4f~hnL

:j= xl/k|;fb af:sf]6f

:j= xl/k|;fb af:sf]6f

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ s]lGb|o ;b:o, sfe|] lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf k"j{ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] k"hgLo lktf xl/k|;fb af:sf]6fsf] (! jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ s]lGb|o ;b:o, sfe|] lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf k"j{ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] k"hgLo lktf xl/k|;fb af:sf]6fsf] (! jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

/fhg kf}8]n /fdb]jL tfdfª k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

pkk|d'v

l6kL zdf{ k|d'v

k'?iff]Qd ;'j]bL

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

ljdnf zdf{ pkk|d'v

czf]s Jof~h" k|d'v

gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ es'08], sfe|]

w'lnv]n, sfe|]

xflb{s >4f~hnL

xflb{s >4f~hnL

:j= xl/k|;fb af:sf]6f

:j= xl/k|;fb af:sf]6f

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ s]lGb|o ;b:o, sfe|] lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf k"j{ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] k"hgLo lktf xl/k|;fb af:sf]6fsf] (! jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ s]lGb|o ;b:o, sfe|] lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf k"j{ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] k"hgLo lktf xl/k|;fb af:sf]6fsf] (! jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

/fdk|;fb jfUn] uLtf a~hf/f led Gof}kfg] k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

pkk|d'v

k|d'v

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ kgf}tL, sfe|]

slj/fh pk|]tL /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn nIdL g/l;+ jfb]

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

pkk|d'v

k|d'v

ag]kf gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Dat lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

/fhgs'df/ dfsh" cWoIf

g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Dat lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

;Gtf]if e'vh' cWoIf tyf

cy{e"ld art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ w'lnv]n, sfe|]

pkk|d'v

g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Dat lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

;Gtf]if e'vh' cWoIf

nfoG; Sna ckm KTM w'lnv]n kl/jf/, w'lnv]n, sfe|]

;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx -;dGjo tyf cGt/;DaGw_ P]g @)&& sf] bkmf @$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -ª_ adf]lhd d'VodGqL cWoIf /xg] ;dGjo kl/ifb ;b:odf k|b]z leqsf ufpF tyf gu/ kflnsfsftkm{af6 k|d'v, pk–k|d'vaf6 w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf pk–k|d'v ladnf zdf{ rf}nfufO{+ dgf]lgt x'g' ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ tyf sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf AoQm ub{5f} .

g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Dat lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ . k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

/fhg kf}8]n /fdb]jL tfdfª

nfoG; Sna ckm KTM ;~hLjgL kl/jf/, w'lnv]n, sfe|]

l6kL zdf{ k|d'v

k'?iff]Qd ;'j]bL

czf]s Jof~h"

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

k|d'v

gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ es'08], sfe|]

w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Dat lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Dat lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

/fdk|;fb jfUn] uLtf a~hf/f led Gof}kfg] k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

pkk|d'v

k|d'v

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ kgf}tL, sfe|]

slj/fh pk|]tL

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

/]vf ;fksf]6f pkk|d'v

nIdL g/l;+ jfb] k|d'v

ag]kf gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

*&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ c+@&s c+!^s @)&$ !* @)&& ljxLjf/ jif{ @$ kmfu'gkmfu' # gut]@)ljxLjf/

kf“rvfn gu/kflnsfsf] cf7f+} gu/ ;ef ;DkGg

‘>f]t Aoj:yfkg x'g g;Sbf C0ffTds ah]6’

kfFrvfn÷kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfsf] cf7f}+ gu/ ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;efn] ljleGg ljw]os tyf gLlt k|:t't u/L 5nkmn ;lxt kf; u/]sf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v Pj+ gu/ ;ef cWoIf dx]z v/]nn] cfly{s ljw]os @)&& k|yd ;+zf]wg, ljlgof]hg ljw]os ;+zf]wg, s[lif gLlt, dlb/f /f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f P]g, ;+3÷;+:yf btf{ P]g k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

k|:t't ul/Psf ;a} ljw]os tyf gLlt / P]g ;j{;Ddt kf; ePsf 5g\ . pkk|d'v nIdL bg'jf/n] gu/kflnsfn] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] ;du| k|ult k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] . pkk|d'v bg'jf/n] lzIff tyf v]ns'b zfvfn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf s[ofsnfkx?df ;+rfng ubf{sf /fd|f / ;'wf/ ug{'kg{] kIfx?sf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] .

ag]kf gu/kflnsf sfof{no ag]kf, sfe|]

sf]le8–!( lj?4sf] vf]k cleofg ;DawL gu/af;Lx?sf nfuL

To:t} dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf h]i7 gful/s zfvf, of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd zfvf, /f]huf/ zfvf, k|fljlws zfvf, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff tyf kl~hs/0f zfvf, kz'k+IfL zfvfn] u/]sf utljlw / k|ultsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . n]vf zfvfn] rfn' jif{sf] s'n ah]6 rfn' tkm{ $! s/f]8 &* nfv &% xhf/ / k'FhLut tkm{ %% s/f]8 $% nfv #% xhf/ ?k}of dWo] rfn' tkm{ !% s/f]8 @% nfv %$ xhf/ / k'FhLut tkm{ !) s/f]8 !^ nfv @( xhf/ ?k}of vr{ ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . gu/kflnsfn] #@ s/f]8 ?k}ofF 3f6fsf] ah]6 agfPsfn] >f]t cg'dfg ul/P eGbf 36]sfn] sfo{qmd e'QmfgLdf ;d:of ePsf] / of]hgf ;Demf}tfsf] sfd x'g g;s]sf] atfpg' eof] . gu/ k|d'v dx]z v/]nn] gu/kflnsfn] afn'jf / qm;/ vfgL ;+rfngsf] cg'dtL lbFbf gu/kflnsfnfO{ em08} !) s/f]8 cfDbfgL x'g], O{6]08/af6 36f36df !@ s/f]8 /sd aRg] / cfGtl/s >f]taf6 s]lx /sd hDdf x'g] cg'dfg u/L #@ s/f]8sf] 3f6f ah]6 agfpFbf ;d:of ePsf] atfpg' eof] . ut jif{ !& s/f]8 3f6f ah]6 agfpFbf To;sf] >f]t fof{Gjog

Aoj:yfkg ePsfn] Tolxaf6 xf}l;P/ 3f6f ah]6 agfPsf] gu/ k|d'v v/]nn] atfpg' eof] . j8f cWoIf xl/ vltj8fn] 3f6f ah]6sf sf/0f j8fdf 5gf}6 ePsf of]hgfx? ;Demf}tf x'g g;s]sf] atfpg' eof] . j8f cWoIf vltj8fn] gu/kflnsfn] gu/ ;ldlt agfpg g;Sbf lzIffsf tdfd ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg / Aoj:yfkg ug{ g;s] s f] , P] g x?

5nkmnsf qmddf ;do ck'u ePsf], 3'DtL C0f k|jfxdf ;d:of ePsf], cGof]n g} cGof]nsf aLr 3f6f ah]6n] ;d:of kf/]sf] atfpg' eof] . j8f cWoIf afns[i0f ;fksf]6fn] s[lif zx/ kfFrvfn gu/sf] gf/f gf/fdf dfq} l;ldt ePsfn] To;df ah]6 ljlgof]hg u/L sfof{Gjog ug{' kg{] atfpg' eof] . j8f cWoIf ;~ho nfdfn] ;d[4 kfFrvfn lgdf{0fsf nflu ;a} kIf nfUg' kg{] atfpg' eof] . gu/;ef ;dfkgsf qmddf gu/ k|d'v v/]nn] j8f cWoIfx?n] p7fpg' ePsf ljifonfO{ gu/n] ;Daf]wg ug{], kfFrvfn gu/sf] ljsf;sf nflu ltg} txsf ;/sf/ / ;+3 / k|b]zsf ;f+;bx?;Fusf] ;dGjo ug{], rfn' jif{df /sd ck'u ePsf of]hgfx? cfufdL jif{ lg/Gt/ /xg] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] .

cToGt h?/L ;'rgf olx ldlt @)&& ;fn kmfu'g @# ut] b]vL @( ut] ;Dddf sf]le8–!( /f]u lj?4sf] vf]k cleofg ag]kf gu/kflnsf leq ;~rfng ug{ nfluPsfn] pQm cleofgdf %% jif{ dflysf gfu/Lsx?n] clgjfo{ pd]/ v'n]sf] kl/rokq, lzIfs, tyf ;jf/L rfns, ;x rfns / cl3Nnf] r/0fx?df 5'6]sfx?n] cfkm\gf] kl/rokq ;lxt cfkm'nfO{ kfPs kg{{] vf]k s]Gb|df uO{ vf]k nufpg ag]kf gu/kflnsf xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .

vf]k nufpg] ldlt / 7fp“ – ldlt @)&& kmfu'g @# ut] 6's'rf :jf:yo rf}sL 6's'rf gfnf – ldlt @)&& kmfu'g @$ ut] r08]Zj/L dflj gfnf – ldlt @)&& kmfu'g @% ut] j8f sfof{no pu|tf/f hgfufn – ldlt @)&& kmfu'g @^ ut] lzIff ;bg dflj ag]kf – ldlt @)&& kmfu'g @& ut] u0f]z ef/lt dflj af:8f]n – ldlt @)&& kmfu'g @* ut] gfl;sf ;fufF x]Ny kf]i6 ;fufF – 5'6]sfx?nfO{ dfq ldlt @&& r}q !

ag]kf gu/kflnsf sfo{fno ag]kf sfe|]

xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\

;xof]uL /f]huf/ tyf dlN6kkf{]h k|f=ln= 5fnfsf/vfgf, rf}sf]6 a;:6k, kgf}tL–% kmf]g g+= )!!^^##)(, (*%!@@(&$*

sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 ag]kf, sfe|]sf]

;fwf/0f ;ef x'g] ;DaGwL ;"rgf sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;ef lgDg ldlt ;do / :yfgdf x'g] ePsf]n] pkl:yltsf nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w ul/G5 . sfo{qmd M ldlt M @)&& kmfu'g @@ ut] ;do M ljxfg !! ah] :yfg M ag]kf kf6L{ e]Go"

u/L dlGb/ ;+/If0f / ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf] sfd eO/x]sf] gu/ k|d'v led Gof}kfg]n] atfpg'eof] . 7fpFsf] gfd g} efn]Zj/ x'g', wfld{s u|Gydf pNn]v ljifox? klg kgf}tLsf] efn]Zj/ dlGb/ ;Fu ldNg' tyf ljleGg ;dosf n]vx?sf cfwf/df klg k|d'v efn]Zj/ kgf}tLs} ePsf] pxfFsf] bfaL 5. efn]Zj/ dlGb/sf] bz{g u/]kl5 gaf]Ng] dflg; klg af]Ng] x'g'sf ;fy} ;Gtfg k|flKt ;d]t ePsf] eQmhgn] atfPsf 5g\ . afnf rt'b{zL, lzj/fqL nufotsf cj;/df oxfF d]nf nfUg] ub{5 . kgf}tLsf] efn]Zj/df lzjsf] jf:tljs lznf ePklg rGb|flul/df sb'F]/ agfOPsf] k'hf/L h+udn] atfpg'eof] . eQmhgx?n] klg jfl:tljs efn]Zj/ dlGb/ kgf}tLs} /x]sf] w]/} k|df0fx? b]lvPsf] atfPsf 5g\ .

afn;+u7gsf cWoIf ljb'/n] u/] kbef/ u|x0f w'lnv]n÷lhNnf afn ;+u7g sfe|]sf cWoIf lab'/ x'dfufFO{n] kbef/ u|x0f u/]sf 5g\ . w'lnv]nl:yt sfof{nodf Ps sfo{qmdsf lar pgn] kbef/ u|x0f u/]sf x'g\ . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];L, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lzj/fd kf]v/]n, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf sfo{afxs gu/ k|d'v ljdnf zdf{, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf sfe|]sf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, k|]; ;+u7g sfe|]sf cWoIf e'jg /fodfemL nufotsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . kbef/ u|x0f ub}{ cWoIf x'dfufFO{n] sfe|] lhNnfnfO{ afnd}qL lhNnf 3f]if0ff ug]{ klxnf] nIo /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . o;sf nflu ;DalGwt :yfgLo txdf ;dGjo u/]/ sfo{qmd ug]{ pgn] atfPsf 5g\ . afnljjfx /f]Sg' g} clxn]sf] k|d'v r'gf}tL /x]sf] pgn] atfP . cleefjsx?;Fu 5nkmn ug]{ / ;r]tgfsf sfo{qmd ubf{ dfu]/ ul/g] afn ljjfx /f]lsPklg ;fdflhs ;Ghfn dfkm{t lrghfg ePs} sf/0f efu]/ x'g] ljjfx /f]Sg sl7g x'g ;Sg] cWoIf x'dfufFO{sf] egfO{ 5 . o;sf nflu ljBfno txb]vL ljleGg sfo{qmd ub}{ hfg] pgn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf 5g\ . tTsfn sfd ug{sf nflu sd{rf/L cefj /x]sfn] To;sf] Joj:yfkg ul/lbg klg pgn] ;DalGwt

lgsfosf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf 5g\ . o:t} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lzj/fd kf]v/]nn] df}lns xsdf g} afnaflnsfsf] xs pNn]v ul/Psfn] Jojxfl/s ?kdf sfof{Gjogdf hf]8 lbg' kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ . afnaflnsfnfO{ dxTjk' 0 f{ lhDd]jf/L glbg] u/LPsf] eGb} pgn] ca x/]s sfo{df afnaflnsfsf] ;xeflutf clgjfo{ ub}{ pgLx?sf nflu pgLx?s} ;xeflutfdf ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug'{kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ . lhNnf ;dGjo k|d'v p4j s];Ln] afnaflnsfsf] nflu slt ah]6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5, To;sf] ;b'kof]u ePsf] 5 ls 5}g d'Nof+sg u/]/ x/]s :yfgLo txdf To;} cg';f/ sfo{qmd agfpg'kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ . o:t} w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsL sfo{afxs gu/ k|d'v ladnf zdf{n] afn>d, afnaflnsfdfyL x'g] b'Jo{jxf/ Go'gLs/0fdf hf]8 lbg ;a}nfO{ cfu|x u/]sL 5g\ . sfo{qmddf cfkm\gf] egfO{ /fVb} g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gfn] lhNnf afn ;+u7gn] afnd}qL lhNnf 3f]if0ffsf nflu ltj| ?kdf sfd ug]{ ljZjf; lnPsf 5g\ . kbef/ u|x0f ub}{ x'dfufFO{n] cfkm'n] lgo'Qm ug{ kfpg] b'O{hgf ;b:o dWo] ;+hLj Gof}kfg]nfO{ lgo'Qm u/]sf 5g\ . 5nkmn kZrft yk Ps hgf lgo'Qm ug]{ klg pgn] hfgsf/L lbP .

w'lnv]n÷sfe|] /]l8of] 6]lnlehg k|;f/s d~rsf] z'ef/De ul/Psf] 5 . k|]; /lh:6f/ /]jtL ;fksf]6f, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lzj/fd kf]v/]n nufotn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf pQm ;+:yfsf] z'ef/De u/]sf lyP . cWoIf ;lrt v8\ s fsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/

dxf;+3 afudtL k|b]zsf pkfWoIf ob'gfy uf}td, lhNnf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, k"j{ cWoIfx? ef]nf yfkf, dx]z kf}8\ofn, gf/fo0f ;fksf]6f, d~rsf ;b:o z+s/ clwsf/L nufotn] dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf pkfWoIf /d]z Gof}kfg]sf] :jfut dGtAo tyf dxf;lrj /fds[i0f a~hf/fsf] ;+rfng /x]sf] lyof] .

w'lnv]n vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt w'lnv]n, sfe|]

sd{rf/L cfjZostf -k|yd k6s k|sflzt M @)&&÷!!÷@)_

;ldltsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 l:js[t eP adf]lhd tklzn adf]lhdsf] kbdf c:yfoL kbk"tL{ ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] lgDg adf]lhd of]Uotf ePsf] AolQmx?af6 of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% kGw|_ lbg leq b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/Psf] 5 .

xflb{s awfO{ g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Dat lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

u|'j]g tf}hn]

bdgs'df/ >]i7

kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt g]kfn afudtL k|b]z kl/jf/

kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|] kl/jf/

cWoIf tyf

kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ !@ df /x]sf] efn]Zj/ dlGb/ cf]em]ndf k/]sf] eGb} :yfgLon] lrGtf u/]sf 5g\ . cToflws k};f vr{ u/]/ sf7df08f}+sf] rGb|flul/df /x]sf] efn]Zj/ dlGb/ k|d'v eGb} e|d km}NofOPsf] pgLx?sf] cf/f]k 5 . lj+=;=!*&! b]vL !*&( df g} o; 7fpFdf dlGb/ :yfkgf u/L k'hfcfhf ;'? ul/Psf] ^@ jif{b]vL k'hfkf7 ub}{ cfpg'ePsf k'hf/L dfwjk|;fb h+udn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . /f];dtL, lnnfjtL / z'v;ef{jtLsf] ;+ud :yndf efn]Zj/ dlGb/ 5 . dxfb]jn] ;ltb]jLsf] d[t zl// af]s]/ lxF8\g] qmddf oxfF cfOk'Ubf efn cyf{t tfn' ktg ePsf] wfld{s u|Gydf pNn]v 5 . ;+/If0f ;ldlt g} agfP/ wfld{s P]ltxf;ls dxTjdf c;/ gkg]{

sfe|] /]l8of] 6]lnlehg k|;f/s d~rsf] z'ef/De

ag]kf gu/kflnsf :jf:Yo zfvf

a]/f]huf/Lx?nfO{ /f]huf/, ;+3;+:yfx?nfO{ sd{rf/Lx? cfjZostf k/]df ;xof]uL /f]huf/ tyf dlN6kkf{]h k|f=ln=nfO{ ;Demg'xf];\, ;fy} oxfF dG6]Zj/L, sDKo'6/, 8n, s'zg nufot ljleGg lsl;dsf l;kd"ns tflndx? klg lbOg] ul/G5 .

kgft}Lsf] efnZ]j/ cfe ] mn]df k/s ] fd]f :yfgLosf] lrGtf

cWoIf tyf

!= lj1fkg g+= !÷@)&&÷)&* s_ kb M– l;len O{l~hlgo/÷k|aGws– Ps hgf v_ tx–>]0fL M– clws[t:t/ -;ftf}+ tx_ u_ Go"gtd of]Uotf M– la=O{= plt0f{ 3_ af~5lgo of]Uotf – vfg]kfgL z'l4s/0f, u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f, kfO{k nfO{g, ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] .

– vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] Aoj:yfkg tyf k|fljlws 1fg ePsf] . ª_ tna :s]n M– ;ldltsf] lgodfg';f/ . @= lj1fkg g+= @÷@)&&÷)&* s_ kb M– ld6/ l/8/– Ps hgf v_ tx–>]0fL M– ;xfos :t/ -rf}yf]_ u_ Go"gtd of]Uotf M– P;=Pn=l;= jf P;=O{=O{= plt0f{ 3_ af~5lgo of]Uotf M– vfg]kfgL ld6/ ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] .

M– sDKo"6/ ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] .

M– vfg]kfgLsf] ld6/ l/l8Ë ;ˆ6j]o/ rnfpg ;Sg] . ª_ tna :s]n M– ;ldltsf] ;xfos :t/ -rf}yf]_sf] k|rlnt :s]n adf]lhd . #= k/LIf0fsfn M– b'j} kbsf] nflu #-tLg_ dlxgf . $= pd]/ M– b'j} kbsf] nflu @! jif{ k'/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] . %= b/vf:t ;fy k]z ug{' kg]{ – g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk .

– z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk . ^= b/vf:t b:t'/ M– O{l~hlgo/ kbsf] nflu ?= !,%))÷–-cIf/df Ps xhf/ kfFr ;o ?k}+of dfq_ / ld6/ l/8/ kbsf] nflu ?= !,)))÷–-cIf/df Ps xhf/ ?k}+of dfq_ ;ldltsf] cfo zfvfdf a'emfO{ k|fKt gubL /l;b ;+nUg ug'{ kg]{ .-kl5 lkmtf{ gx'g]_ &= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M– @)&&÷!@÷% ut] sfof{no ;do leq . *= 5gf}6sf] cfwf/ / k|s[of M– of]Uotf, lzk / cg'ejsf] d"Nof+sg tyf lnlvt k/LIff / cGtjf{tf{ . (= ;Dks{ ldlt M– sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf kl5 k|sflzt ul/g]5 . !)= k/LIff ldlt M– ;Dks{ ldltsf lbg k/LIff ldlt, ;do / :yfgsf af/]df o; ;ldltsf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf ;"rgf 6fFl; hfgsf/L lbO{g]5 .

– kbk"tL{ ;ldlt

(

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

k|]; sfplG;nn] hf/L u¥of] aNynL 3f]if0ff kq aNynL, kgf}tL÷( a'Fb] …aNynL 3f]if0ffkqÚ hf/L ub}{ k|]; sfplG;n g]kfn4f/f cfof]lht …kqsf/ cfrf/;+lxtf, dlxnf pQ/bfoL lgb]{lzsf, @)&^ / ldl8ofdf dlxnf ;jfnÚ ljifos a[xt\ 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfplG;nn] 5nkmnsf qmddf p7]sf dxTjk"0f{ ;'emfjnfO{ cfTd;fy ub}{ ;f] 3f]if0ffkq hf/L u/]sf] xf] . 3f]if0ffkqdf sfplG;nsf] :jcg'udgnfO{ cem tLj| / k|efjsf/L agfOg] pNn]v ub}{ kqsf/ cfrf/;+lxtf, dlxnf pQ/bfoL lgb]{lzsf @)&^ df plNnlvt k|fjwfgnfO{ k"0f{¿kdf kfngf ug{÷u/fpg kqsf/nfO{ ;hu u/fpg] hgfOPsf] 5 . sfplG;nn] cg'udg cg';Gwfgaf6 bf]ifL 7x/ ePsf kqsf/, ldl8ofsf] gfd clgjf{o ;fj{hlgs ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 3f]if0ffkqdf pNn]v 5 .

3f]iff0ffkq hf/L ub}{ sfo{jfxs cWoIf uf]kfn a'9fyf]sLn] cg'udgdf

sfplG;nn] lg/Gt/ hf]8 lbg'sf ;fy} ;do÷;dodf …gd' g f ;j] { I f0fÚ ul/ ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu ax; ug]{ atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ;xefuLaf6 cfPsf] ;Nnfx / ;'emfjnfO{ u|x0f ub}{ 3f]if0ffkq hf/L ul/Psfn] dlxnf;DaGwL ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ubf{ k];fut lxt / cj;/nfO{ k|f]T;fxg Pj+ ;+/If0f ug{'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . sfplG;nsf af]8{ ;b:o bLks kf08]sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf csf{ ;b:o b'uf{ e08f/Ln] dlxnf clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;Daf]wg x'g]ul/ ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug{, cfrf/;+lxtf / lgb]{lzsfdf plNnlvt k|fjwfgx¿sf] sfof{Gjogdf sfplG;n k|ltj4 /x]sf] pNn]v ug{'eof] . sfplG;nsf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t emlaG› e';fnn] wGojfb lbg'ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf 3f]if0ffkq ;fj{hlgs x'g'cl3 jl/i7 k|zf;sLo clws[t -k|jQmf_ bLks

vgfnn] a'waf/ / laxLaf/ ePsf] 5nkmndf p7] s f ;' e mfjx¿ ;d] 6 L k| : tfljt 3f]if0ffkqsf a'Fbfx¿ kfl/t ug{ jfrg u/]/ ;'gfpg'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;gsf pkfWoIf /Iff a:ofnn] aNynL 3f] i f0ffkqsf] sfof{ G jogdf sfplG;n dfq geO{ ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnf ;lqmo eO nfUg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . ;~rfl/sf ;d"xsL k"j{cWoIf lgd{nf zdf{n] kqsf/ cfrf/;+lxtf÷lgb]{lzsfljk/Lt n}lËs, n}lËs cNk;+Vossf lj¿4 ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ kqsf/ / ldl8ofnfO{ tTsfn sf/afxL ug{ ;'emfj lbg'eof] . sfplG;nn] hf/L u/]sf] 3f]if0ffkq o;k|sf/ 5– k|]; sfplG;n g]kfnsf] :jcg'udgnfO{ cem tLj| / k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 . kqsf/ cfrf/;+lxtf, dlxnf pQ/bfoL lgb]{lzsf, @)&^ df plNnlvt k|fjwfgnfO{ k"0f{¿kdf kfngf ug{ kqsf/nfO{ ;hu u/fOg]5 .

o;sf] k|efjsf/L cg'udgdf k|]; sfplG;n g]kfnn] lg/Gt/ hf]8 lbg]5 . ;fy} ;do÷;dodf …gd' g f ;j] { I f0fÚ ul/ ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu ax; 5nkmn ug]{5 . sfplG;nsf] cg'udg, cg';Gwfgaf6 bf]ifL 7x/ ePsf kqsf/, ldl8ofsf] gfd clgjfo{ ;fj{hlgs ul/g]5 . g]kfn k|x/Ln] anfTsf/ tyf of}g b'Jo{jxf/h:tf clt h3Go ck/fwsf kLl8t dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf n}lËs cNk;+Vossf] ljj/0f lbg] qmddf pgLx¿sf] gfdy/, k];f tyf cfkmGtsf] klxrfg v'nfpFbf kLl8tnfO{ yk kL8f k'Ug] dfq geO{ kLl8tsf] cfkmGtnfO{ ;d]t dgf]j}1flgs c;/ kg]{ ePsfn] o:tf ljifodf ;"rgf lbFbf ;hu /xg Wofgfsif{0f u/fpFb} g]kfn k|x/LnfO{ n]vL k7fOg]5 . ;fy} k|]; sfplG;n g]kfnn] o:tf ljifodf ;"rgf ;Dk]|if0f ubf{ ;hu x'g ldl8ofnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg]5 .

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

kx|/Lsf] ;lqmotfn] km/f/ AolQm kqmfp, nfu' cfi}fw a/fdb w' l nv] n ÷lhNnf k| x /L sfof{no sfe|]n] ;jf{]Rr cbfnt, k'g/fj]bg cbfnt / lhNnf cbfntaf6 ;hfoF ;'gfO{Psf tyf hl/jfgf tf]lsPsf AolQmx?nfO{ wdfwd kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] Ps ;ftfdf k|x/Ln] ljleGg :yfgaf6 km/f/ AolQmx? kqmfp u/L cbfnt a'emfPsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf k|d'v P;kL e'k]Gb| vqLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . k|x/Ln] @)&$ kmfu'g #) ut] lhNnf cbfnt sfe| ] k nf~rf] s n] a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ af6 ## aifL{o nIdL ljZjsdf{nfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . cbfntn] ljZjsdf{nfO{ 3/]n' lx+;fdf &# xhf/ & ;o %) ?k}ofF hl/jfgf tf]s]sf] lyof] .

To:t} k|x/Ln] @)&& kmfu'g !@ ut] nfu' cf}ifw d'2fdf @)&$ c;f/ #! ut] ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !@ uf]78fF8f 3/ eO{ km/f/ /x]sf $# alif{o l6sfaxfb'/ tfdfª, ;fj{hlgs ck/fw d'2fdf @)&@ df3 @* ut] km};nf ;'gfO{Psf d08gb]pk'/

gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ sf #! alif{o sfG5f eGg] dx]z /fO{, @* alif{o /fhg /fO{, @)&# a}zfv @* ut] ;jf/L Hofg tyf ;/sf/L 5fk b:tvt lst{]df s'zfb]jL @ sf lbk]Gb| x'dfufO{, @)&) a}zfv #! ut] 3/ eTsfO{ kfpF eGg] d'2fdf ag]kf !$ gfl;sf:yfg 3/ ePsf $* aifL{o ltnsaxfb'/ /fO{ / @)&% k'if !^ ut] 7uL d'2fsf w'lnv]n ! b]jL6f/sf #( aifL{o ofbj xf]/f;}gL kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ .

To:t} lgolGqt nfu" cf}ifw cf];f/–k;f/ cleof]udf kmfu'g !@ ut] /f]zL ufFpkflnsf j8f gDj/ ( l:yt la=lk /fhdfu{ ;8s v08sf] d+un6f/ ahf/df ;jf/L r]shfFrsf qmddf emfkfaf6 sf7df8f}tkm{ hfFb} cfpFb} u/]sf] af=$=v @@^& gDj/sf] xfo; uf8Ldf ofqf ug]{ ofq' ;Kt/L lhNnf ;'?Ëf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !) a:g] @@ aifL{o wd]{G› s'df/ /fdn] af]s]sf] emf]nfaf6 em08} ! xhf/ # ;o SofK;'n ;lxt kqmfp u/]sf] ;"rgf clwsf/L Pj+ k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs s'df/ laqmd yfkfn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

w'lnv]n÷dlxnf tyf lszf]/L lzIffdf kx'r F dfkm{t r]lna]6L a]rljvg lgoGq0f ;DjGwL lhNnf kl/of]hgf ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt a}7s lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sg lxdfnog kmfp08]zg tyf ckfË afn c:ktfn k'g{:yfkgf s]Gb| / u|fld0f :jf:Yo tyf lzIff ;]jf u'7Lsf] cfof]hgfdf pQm a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

8f= c?0ff pk|]tL, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf pkk|d'v d~h' uf}td, ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L nIdLb]jL x'dfufO{, l8P:kL s'df/ljqmd yfkf, ckfË afn c:ktfn k'g{:yfkgf s]Gb|sf c:ktfn Aoj:yfks k|sfz ofbj nufotn] sfo{qmd / To;sf] k|efjsf/Ltfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . ckfË ePsf afnaflnsfx?sf] pkrf/sf nflu cd]l/sg lxdfno kmfp08]zg dfkm{t sfe|]df /x]sf] pQm c:ktfnnfO{ aflif{s s'n ah]6sf] $( k|ltzt ah]6 k|fKt x'g] u/] s f] 5 . pQm ah] 6 dfkm{ t afnaflnsfx?sf] pkrf/df ;xlhs/0f

ePsf] Aoj:yfks ofbjn] atfpg' eof] . pQm c:ktfndf afnaflnsfx? cWooog ug{] ljBfno klg 5 . zfl/l/s ?kdf dfq ;Ifd gagfO{ dfgl;s ?kdf klg ;Ifd agfpg] pb]Zon] afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ljBfno leq} lzIff / cGo ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fpg] ul/Psf] ofbjn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf dlxnf tyf lszf]/L lzIffdf kx'Fr dfkm{t lhNnfsf kfFrj6f gu/kflnsf / Pp6f ufpFkflnsfsf !( j8fdf /x]sf ljBfnox?df cWoog ug{] ljkGg tyf hf]lvd ju{df /x]sf 5f]/Lx?nfO{ ;xof]u pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . sIff ! b]lv !) ;Dd cWoog ug{] % ;o ## hgf / sIff !! tyf !@ cWoog ug{] ! ;o #@ hgf u/L s'n ^ ;o ^% hgfnfO{ cWoogsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ vr{ pQm sfo{qmd dfkm{t Aoj:yfkg ul/Psf] 5 . afnaflnsfx?sf] cWoogsf ;fy} yk sIffx?sf nflu cfjZos kg{] /sd, 8]/f ef8f, oftfoft vr{ tyf ;Dk{s ubf{ nfUg] df]jfO{ndf nfUg] vr{ ;d]t pQm sfo{qmd dfkm{t pknAw u/fO{Psf] 5 . ;f]lx sfo{qmddf d'gf yfkf, Plngf ;'g'jf/, k|lj0f uf}tdn] dlxnf tyf lszf]/L lzIffdf kx'Fr dfkm{t cfkm'nfO{ k'g{lhjg k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

1fgs'~hdf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljkb\ Aoj:yfkg ;DaGwL 5nkmn :jfut tyf ljbfO{ dlxnf tyf lszf]/L lzIffdf kx'“r sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L w'lnv]ndf dfgjclwsf/ ;DaGwL cGt{lqmof wl'nvn ] ÷gk]fn /8]qm; ;f;]fO6L sfe]| lhNnf zfvf cGtut{ ul7t sfe,]| wl'nvn ] , ;l]tbj]L pkzfvfsf] ;oQ'm ;o+fh ] gdf 6f«G;k/G];L OG6/g;]gn wl'nvn ] zfvfsf] ;xofu]df lhNnf :t/Lo ljkb\ Aoa:yfkg cGtlqmo{f sfoq{md ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lzj/fd

ag] k f÷1fgs' ~ h z} l Ifs k|lti7fgn] gj cfuGt's sIff !! sf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ :jfut u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf sIff !@, / P;=O{=O{= sf] cWoog ;s]sf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ labfO{ ul/Psf] lyof] . ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf ;'/s[i0f j}B, Joj:yfkg ;ldlt ;b:o tyf k|aGw lgb]{zs k|tfk j}B / Joj:yfkg ;ldlt ;b:o cfTdf/fd yfkfåf/f ljBfyL{x?nfO{ l6sf / vfbf k|bfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . k|lti7fgsf k|aGw lgb]{zs a}Bn] sIff !! df cWoog ug{ cfpg' ePsf gj cfuGt's ljBfyL{ alxgLx?nfO{ xflb{s :jfut tyf sIff !@ / P;=O{=O{ k/LIff plQ0f{ efOalxgLx?nfO{ labfO{sf ;fy}, pHjn eljiosf] z'esfdgf lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf

cWoIf ;'/s[i0f j}Bn] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ awfO{ ;fy} ;'gf}nf] eljiosf] sfdgf ;lxt ;w} ljBfyL{sf] hLjgn] ;kmntf / nIo k|fKtLsf nflu o; ;+:yfaf6 x/ xd];f ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{ k|ltj4tf JoQm ub}{ :jfut tyf labfO{ sfo{qmd cf}krfl/s ?kdf pb\3f6g ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] bf];|f] r/0fdf ljljw ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmdsf ;fy ;fy} eAo 8fG; kf6L{ /flvPsf] lyof] . o:tf] lsl;dsf] sfo{qmdaf6 ljBfyL{ efO{alxgL eO{ cAan k9fO{sf ;fy ;fy} ljleGg lsl;dsf] dgf]/~hgfTds sfo{qmdx? k|:t't ul/Psf]df pRr lzIffsf] nflu 1fgs'~h g} 5gf]6 u/]sf]df ;lx lg0f{o u/]sf] eGg] ljBfyL{x?sf] k|ltlqmof /x]sf] eGg] a'lemG5 .

c?0f s];L÷w'lnv]n dfgj clwsf/ ;DjGwL kfFrf} /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf ;DjGwL cGt{lqmof w'lnv]ndf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . @)^!÷)^@ @)&%÷)&^ ;Dd rf/j6f sfo{of]hgfx? sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf lyP . kfFrf} /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfdf dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f ;DaGwL Aoj:yf cGt{ut ;+j}wflgs tyf gLltut Aoj:yf, sfg"gL Aoj:yf, ;+:yfut Aoj:yf / jt{ d fg ;/sf/sf] k| f yldstf tyf sfo{lbzfsf af/]df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;Dj{4g ub{} ljlwsf] zf;g sfod ug{], g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg tyf sfg"gåf/f k|Tofe't dfgj clwsf/sf] jf:tkljs pkef]u ug{] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{], dfgj clwsf/ k|ltsf] /fli6«o tyf cGt{/fli6«o bfloTj sfof{Gjog ug{], ;fj{hlgs tyf lghL If]q Pj+ ;fdflhs hLjgsf ;a} kIfx?df dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[ltsf] k|j{4g

kf]v/]nsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO{6Lsf s]lGb|o ;b:o s'df/ yfkf nufotn] ljkbdf ;a} kIfsf] ;xof]u / ;dGjo cfjZos /x]sf] atfO{Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;]ltb]jL pkzfvfsf ;efklt k'0ojtL 3n]sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

ug{], ;+ljwfg k|bQ ;fdflhs Gofosf] xs sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf z}lIfs b[li6n] k5fl8 k/]sf ju{, ;d'bfosf] ;+/If0f / ;zlQmsf/0f ug{] sfo{of]hgfsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] lvdfgGb a:ofnn] atfpg' eof] . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];Ln] dfgjclwsf/ ;DjGwL ljifo Aojxf/df nfu' ug{'kg{] atfpg' eof] . lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfB clwsf/, cfjf;, >d tyf /f]huf/, afn clwsf/ / afn Gofo ;DaGwL ljifodf :yfgLo, k|b]z / ;+3 ;/sf/sf] ;dGjo cfjZos /x]sf] k|d'v s];Ln] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf k|d'v led Gof}kfg], k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lzj/fd kf]v/]n, ;dGjo ;ldltsf pkk| d ' v d~h' uf} t d, vfgLvf] n f ufpkFflnsfsf cWoIf s[i0f v'nfn, sfof{no k|d'vx?, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx? ;xeflu lyP . kl|zIffyL{ kqsf/

xflb{s awfO{

g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' Pl;ofnL zx/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific -UCLG ASPAC_ sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;j{;Ddt lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

!) sf]/f]gfsf sf/0f :ylut g]kfnL ;]gfsf] kbofqf kmfu'g @( df x'“b}

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

lhNnf PsLs/0fsf ^ j6f kbdfu{sf] klxrfg

w'lnv]n÷…ofqf :jledfgsf], Oltxf; Plss/0fsf]Ú eGg] cleofg af]s]/ g]kfnL ;]gf sfnLh+u u0f w'lnv]nn] kmfu'g @( ut] zlgaf/ Plss/0f kbofqf ug{] ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] kmfu'g @$ ut] ko{6g jif{nfO{ ;d]t nlIft u/L coff]hgf ul/Psf] sfo{qmd sf]/f]gf efO{/;sf] ;+qmd0fsf] hf]lvdnfO{ dWogh/ u/L :ylut ul/Psf] lyof] . g]kfnL ;]gfsf] tTsflng lji0f' bn u0fn] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf ljqmd ;Djt !*)# b]lv !*@) ;Dd k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf / sf7df8f} pkTosfdf ljho xfl;n ug{ k|of]u u/]sf kbdfu{x?nfO{ g]kfnL ;]gfn] Plss/0f kbdfu{sf ?kdf klxrfg, ;+/If0f, ;Dj{4g /

;}lgs Oltxf;nfO{ k|j4{g ug{] u/L ^ j6f kbdfu{ klxrfg u/]sf] lyof] . tTsflng ;dodf lji0f' bn u0fdf u0fklt Pj+ k|d'v ;]gfgL ;'af; v8\sf x'g'xGYof] . lji0f' bn u0f /;'jf lhNnfdf ;?jf eO{ /;'jf lhNnfaf6 sflnh+u u0f w'lnv]ndf cfP nuQ} u0fklt Pj+ k|d'v ;]gfgL ldng yfkfn] ;dGjofTds a}7s cfof]hgf u/L kbdfu{ / kbofqfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . …P]ltxfl;s u9L, lsNnf, Plss/0f dfu{ / sf]6x?sf] klxrfg, ;+/If0f, ;Dj{4g / ;}lgs Oltxf;nfO{ k|j{4g ug{] pb]Zon] kbdfu{sf] klxrfg / kbofqf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf]Ú–k|d'v ;]gfgL u0fklt ldng yfkfn] eGg'eof]–…;f]lx lbg g]kfnL

bf]nfn3f6df v'Nnf km'6an / dxf]T;a x'g] lg/fhg ;]9fO{÷bf]nf3f6 b'nfn]Zj/ aftfa/l0fo tyf ;dfh ;]jf Snasf] cfof]hgfdf / e'Dn' ufFpkflnsfsf] ;xof]udf v'Nnf km'6an k|fltof]lutf x'g] ePsf] 5 . ;+:yfn] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L cfufdL kmfu'g @( ut]af6 bf]nf3f6df k|ltofl]utf x'g] ;+:yfsf cWoIf ci6s'df/ >]i7n] atfpg' eof] . bf]nf3f6sf] ko{6g k|j4g / v] n s' b ljsf;sf nfuL pQm k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . ljut @@ jif{ ;Dd bf]n3f6df s'g} klg km'6an k|ltof]lutf gePsfn] of] jif{ b]vL v]nsf] z'? ul/Psf] / cfufld jif{x?df ;d]t lg/Gt/tf lbg] >]i7n] jtfpg' eof] . lhNnf tyf lhNnf aflx/sf v]nf8L x?sf] ;d]t ;xeflutf /xg] ePsfn] bf]nf3f6df cflGtl/s ko{6sf nfuL ;d]t pko'Qm /x]sf] >]i7sf] egfO{ lyof] . e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf u'dfgWjh s'j/n] ufpkFflnsf leq x'g] ;D'k0f{ v]ns'bx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug{]

k|lta4tf AoQm u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyof] . v]ndf k|yd x'g] l6dnfO{ gub /flz ! nfv / l4lto x'g] l6dnfO{ ? %) xhf/ k'/:sf/ /x]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] lyof] .

To;} u/L pQm Sna / bf]nf3f6 pBf]u jfl0fHo ;3+sf] cfof]hgfdf cfufld r}q @* ut] b]vL rf}yf] bf]nf3f6 dxf]T;a x'g] atfPsf] 5 . bf]nf3f6 pBf]u jfl0fHo ;3+sf cWoIf z'/]z sIfkltn] bf]n3f6 cfGtl/s ko{6gsf nfuL pko'Qm :yfg /x]sf]n] To:nfO{ Aoa:yLt ug{] of]hgf /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . dxf]T;adf :yflgo s[lif pTkfbg, nf]sn df5f, vfgfsf kl/sf/x?, df]6/ af]8{ nufPtsf :6n /flvg] sIfkltn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . bf]nfn3f6 ko{6gsf nfuL clxn] % s/f]8 nfutdf a'4sf] d'lt{ alg/x]sf], l/;f]{6 ;~rfngsf nflu k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] / :yflgo ;3+ ;:yfx?nfO{ Pstf a4 u/fO{ bf]nf3f6nfO{ ko{6gsf] xa agfO{g] ;d]t sIfkltn] atfpg' eof] . k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/

xflb{s >4f~hnL hGd @))).^.&

:j= b]jLk|;fb bfxfn

:juf{/f]x0f @)&&.!!.!!

o; u0f]zrf]s k/f]ksf/ ;d"xsf ;b:o xf]dgfy bfxfn tyf z'elrGtsx? e/t, u+ufk|;fb, /fdrGb| / dl5Gb| bfxfnsf] k"hgLo lktf b]jLk|;fb bfxfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

7fs'/ ahufO{ cWoIf tyf

u0f]zrf]s k/f]ksf/ ;d"x kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

xflb{s >4f~hnL hGd @))&.$.@^

:juf{/f]x0f @)&&.!!.(

;]gfn] w'lnv]n, b]lj:yfg sfe|]sf]6, rf}sf]6, zf/bfsf]6, uf]/vgfy, kgf}tL OGb|]Zj/ dlGb/ x'Fb} kgf}tL u]6;Ddsf] !) lsnf]ld6/ ofqf to ul/Psf] 5 .Ú kbdfu{sf] Ao'l6lkms]zg ug{], sfe|]sf]6 / zf/bfsf]6 glhs c:yfoL / :yfoL k|s[ltsf] dlxnf k'?if cnu cnu /x]sf] zf}rfno lgdf{0f ug{], kbdfu{ :t/f]GgtL ub{} n}hfg], kbdfu{df ;fO{lSnËsf] of]hgf /x]sf] k|d'v ;]gfgL ldng yfkfn] eGg' eof] . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] !*)# df gu/sf]6 sAhf u/L !*!^ df knf~rf]s sAhf ug{ k|of]u ul/Psf] ?6, !*!* c;f/ #) ut] rf}sf]6 ljhoLsf] a]nf k|of]u ul/Psf] ed/sf]6 sfe|]sf]6 ;8s, !*!( c;f]h @ ut] t]dfn sAhfsf] ;dodf k|of]u ul/Psf] ;8s, !*@) sflt{s !) ut] k'gM rf}sf]6 ljho / ;f]lx lbg sf]6v]n x'Fb} w'lnv]n ljho x'Fbf k|of]u ul/Psf] ?6, !*@) sflt{s !! ut] kgf}tL sAhf ubf{ k|of]u ul/Psf] ;8s, !*@) sflt{s !$ ut] ag]kf ;fFuf gfnf sAhf ubf{ k|of]u ul/Psf ;8snfO{ ^ j6f kbdfu{ to ul/Psf] 5 . kmfu'g @( ut] kfFrf} gDj/sf] ?6 w'lnv]n b]lv kgf}tL;Ddsf] kbdfu{df kbofqf ul/g] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v Pj+ g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] kbdfu{x?df g]kfnL ;]gfn] k|of]u

u/]sf k'/fgf xftxltof/ tyf b]lj:yfgdf ldln6/L Do'lhod agfpg ;'emfj lbg' eof] .

To;sf nflu gu/kflnsfsf] tkm{af6 ;xof]u ug{] / k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] zflns gu/kflnsfn] tof/ u/L cfjZos :yfgdf /fVg] gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . k|d'v ;]gfgL ;'jf; v8\sfn] g]kfnL ;]gfn] b]ze/ kbdfu{x?sf] klxrfg ul//x]sf] ;Gbe{df sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] P]ltxfl;s ^ j6f lsNnf sAhfsf] qmddf k|of]u ul/Psf ;8sx?nfO{ kbdfu{sf] ?kdf klxrfg u/L To;sf] ;+/If0f tyf k|j{4gsf nflu :yfgLo ;/sf/;Fu ;dGjo ul//x]sf] atfpg' eof] . kgf}tL gu/kflnsf k|d'v led Gof}kfg]n] @( ut] cfof]hgf ul/g] kbofqfsf nflu gu/kflnsfsf] tkm{af6 cfjZos emfFsL tyf cGo tof/Ldf ;dGjo ug{] atfpg' eof] . ;f]lx kbdfu{nfO{ ko{6lso, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts / P]ltxfl;s ?kdf cuf8L a9fpg cfjZos ;xof]u ug{] atfpg' eof] . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lzj/fd kf]v/]n, lhNnf k|x/L k|d'v P;kL e'k]Gb| vqL, j8f cWoIfx?, ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|ltlglwx?, xf]6n tyf ko{6g Aoj;foL, pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3 nufotsf ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] kbofqf ;kmn agfpFb} pQm If]qnfO{ cfjZos k|rf/ k|rf/ ug{ ;dGjo ug{] k|ltj4tf AoQm ug{' ePsf] 5 .

:yfgLo txsf ljkb\ ;Dks{ JolQmx? aLr ;dGjo a}7s w'lnv]n÷lhNnf tyf :yfgLo txsf ljkb\ ;Dks{ JolQmx? lar cGt/lqmof Pad ;dGjo a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lhNnf lakb\ Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt / g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ;dfa]zL ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f sfo{qmd -Inclusive Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction program_ sf] cfly{s tyf k|flalws ;xof]udf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfdf lhNnf tyf :yfgLo txsf ljkb\ ;Dks{ JolQmx? lar cGt/lqmof Pad\ ;dGjo a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lza/fd kf]v/]nsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf sfnLh+u u0fsf k|d'v u0fklt k|d'v ;]gfgL ldng yfkf, ;z:q k|x/L sfe|]sf P;kL dx]; s] ;L, l8P;kL s'df/ laqmd yfkf, ;of]hs lzj ;'a]bLn] sfo{qmddf ljkb\ Aoj:yfkg ug{ ;'emfj lbg' ePsf] lyof] . k|d'v lhNnf

clwsf/L lza/fd kf]v/]nn] ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f tyf Aooa:yfkg P]g @)&$, kl/dfh{g @)&%, sfd st{Ao, af/]df 5nkmn ug{' ePsf] lyof] . g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf ;'/Iff Aoj:yfkg clws[t /fhs'df/ l3ld/]n] vf]h tyf p4f/ ;fdfu|Lsf] cjwf/0ff, dxTj j8f tyf kflnsf ;ldlt lakb\ ;ldltx¿sf] sfd st{Ao / clwsf/, /fxft lat/0f, :yfgLo txdf ePsf lakb\sf 36gfx?sf af/]df ;xeflu ;Fu 5nkmn ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'vx?, :j:Yo sfof{no, pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3 sfe|] w'lnv]n k|d'vx?, lhNnfsf Sni6/x?, kqsf/sf dxf;3 sfe|]sf cWoIf, kqsf/x?, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx¿, g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO{6Lsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

Hof]lt ldld{/] ;fsf];sf] cf7f}+ Plss/0f lbj; k|u]z sfo:y÷kgf}tL Hofl]t ldld/{] ;fdl'xs art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;:+yf lnld68]sf] cf7f} Plss/0f pT;a tyf hi]7 gfufl/s ;Ddfg sfoq{md gk]m:\sg'sf cWoIf kl/tfi]f kf8}o\fnsf] kd|v ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kf}8\ofnn] ;xsf/Lx? ;xsf/Lsf] l;4fGt cg';f/ ;~rfng ePsfn] gfu/Lsx?sf] cfo:t/ psf:gsf nfuL ;3fPsf] atfpg' eof] . ;xsf/Lx? clxn] Plss/0f / sfo{ If]q lj:tf/ ubf{ s]lx ;d:of / r'gf}tL ylkPsfn] ;dfwfg tkm{ nljË ul/Psf] kf}8]nn] atfpg' eof] . ;xsf/Lx?n] ;xsf/Lsf] P]g / lgod cg';f/ ;~rfng ug{' kg{ / s]lx ;xsf/Ln] gfkmf sdfpg dfq ;~rfng u/]sfn] To:tf ;xsf/Lx?n] ubf{ /fd|f ;xsf/Lx?sf] ;d]t abgfdL ePsf] kf}8\n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ;++yfsf ultljwL k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t uf]kfn bfxfnn] k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;+:yfsf] @)&& kmfu'g !% ut] ;Dd s'n z]o/ k'lh+ ^ s/f]8 $& nfv $^ xhf/ % ;o, sf]if k'lh+ % s/f]8 $& nfv @& xhf/, s'n art ^) s/f]8 & nfv ^( xhf/ % ;o, C0f nufgL %& s/f]8 #^ nfv $# xhf/, / s'n sf/f]af/ () s/f]8 %@ nfv /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;xsf/Ln] ;b:ox?sf] cfjZostf nfO{ dWogh/ ub{] @) k|sf/sf art ;]jf, ;b:o lj/fld x'Fbf k|To]s aif{ ? !) xhf/ / !* k|sf/sf 3fts /f]usf] klxrfg ePdf Ps d'i6 $) xhf/ pkrf/ vr{, ;b:osf]

sfnultdf d[To' ePdf %% xhf/ / b'3{6gdf d[To' ePdf ! nfv % xhf/ k|bfg ul/g] bfxfnn] atfpg' eof] . ;+:yfdf xfn !@ xhf/ z]o/ ;b:o /x]sf / * j6f ;]jf s]Gb| af6 ;]jf k|bfg ul/Psf] bfxfnn] atfpg' eof] . @)^( ;fndf $ j6f ;xsf/Lx? Plss/0f u/L Hof]lt ldld{/] ;fd'lxs ;xsf/L ePsf] / xfn csf{] yk ;xsf/L Plss/0f ul/Psf] bfxfnn] atfpg' eof] . ;xsf/Ln] lgz'Ns :jf:yo lzla/, /Qmbfg, ;/;kmfO{ h:tf ;fdflhs If]qdf ;d]t sfd ub{] cfPsf] bfxfnn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;xsf/L ;3+ lnsf cWoIf lblnk zdf{, lhNnf art ;3+sf al/i7 pkfWoIf O{Gb| k|;fb clwsf/L, afudlt k|b]z art ;3+ ;b:o 7fs'/ af:sf]6f, lhNnf afn ;+u7gsf cWoIf ljb'/ k|;fb x'dfufO{, s] Pdl; c:ktfnsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs gf/fo0f bfxfn nufPtsf AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf &) jif{ eGbf dfly{sf %% hgf h]i7 ;b:ox?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . To;} u/L ;+:yfsf pTs[i6 art stf{, C0fL, z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ ;d]t ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtAo ;+:yfsL pkfWoIf sflG5d}of yfkfn] /fVg' ePsf] lyof] eg] ;~rfng ;lra lbks k|;fb bfxfnn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf s] Pd l; c:ktfnsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf lgz'Ns :jf:yo lzla/sf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf cWoIf p4a ;fksf]6fsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/

xflb{s >4f~hnL hGd @)!#.%.!)

:juf{/f]x0f @)&&.!!.(

:j= lvndfof l/hfn

:j= s'df/L >]i7

o; ljBfnosf lzIfs t'n;L/fd l/hfnsL ddtfdoL dftf lvndfof l/hfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

o; u'7Lsf u'l7of/ efOx¿ cfzfsfhL, /fdsfhL / s[i0fs'df/ >]i7sf] ddtfdoL dftf s'df/L >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

t]hk|;fb ltdlN;gf tf]kk|;fb ;fksf]6f gf/fo0f k|= ;fksf]6f cWoIf, lz=c=;+3 cWoIf,ljJo; k|wfgfWofks

odnfn >]i7

>L u0f]z df=lj= kl/jf/

kfFrvfn g=kf= %, ed/sf]6, sfe|]

gfof] afh] Pj+

>L e}/a u'7L kl/jf/ d08gb]pk'/–&, s'Gtfj];L, sfe|]

gk]fn sk8f tyf l;nfO{ Aoj;foL ;3+n] u¥of]

;d:of / rg'ft}L ljifos cGtl{qmof

;+uLtf /fgfdu/÷ag]kf g]kfn sk8f tyf l;nfO{ Aoj;foL ;+3n] jt{dfg kl/k|]Ifodf l;nfO{ Aoj;fo If]qsf] ;d:of / r'gf}tL ljifos cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} gu/ pkk|d'v ;fksf]6fn] gu/kflnsfn] gLlt / of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L ah]6 sfof{Gjog u/L gful/sx?nfO{ ;d[4 agfpg] cleofgdf nflu/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . :j/f]huf/ d'ns pBdL / pBdlzntfsf nflu l;k l;sfpg] sfo{df gu/kflnsfn] of]hgfx? lgdf{0f u/L sfof{Gjog ul//x]sf] atfpFb} pkk|d'v ;fksf]6fn] l;nfO{ If]qsf nflu P8efG; sl6Ë tflnd cfjZos /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;f]lx sfo{qmdsf nflu ! nfv ?k}ofF ljlgof]hg ug{] gu/ pkk|d'v ;fksf]6fn] 3f]if0ff ug{' eof] .

sfo{qmddf ;+3sf s]lGb|o cWoIf /fds[i0f >]i7n] bIf hgzlQm pTkfbgsf nflu l;k k|lzIf0fnfO{ Wofg lbg ;'emfj lbg' eof] . g]kfndf aflif{s sfdbf/sf] xsdf $ va{ eGbf w]/} /sd ljb]lzg] u/]sfn] ljb]lzg] k'FhL / >dnfO{ g} g]kfnd} /f]sL u'0f:t/Lo / bIf hgzlQm tof/ ug{ hf]8 lbg' eof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfn pBf]u afl0fHo dxf;+3sf s]lGb|o ;b:o ;'/s[i0f a}B, ;+3sf ;x–sf]iffWoIf k|]ds'df/ dxh{g, /fli6«o k|lzIfs ldng g]kfnL, afudtL k|b]z cWoIf lhtaxfb'/ >]i7, g]kfn 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u dxf;+3sf s]lGb|o ;b:o ejfgL hf]zL, lhNnf cWoIf ;'af;gf >]i7 nufotn] l;nfO{ Aoj;foLx?sf] ;d:of / r'gf}tLnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ;xsfo{ / ;dGjosf] cfjZostf /x]sf] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf cWoIf /3' skfnLsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmd ;lrj t]h g]kfnLn] ;+rfng ug{' ePsf] lyof] . k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/

g]kfn nfO{kmn] u¥of] d[To' bfjL jLdf /sd e'QmfgL kfF r vfn÷g] k fn nfO{ k m O{G:of]/]G; kfFrvfn pkzfvfn] ;'/lIft lhjg ljdf u/]sf /fduf]kfn hf]zLsf] d[To' ePkl5 pQm d[tssf] kl/jf/nfO{ ljdf /sd x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . d[ts hf]zLsf] >LdtL zf]ef >]i7 tyf 5f]/f /ljg hf]zLnfO{ kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ $ sf j8f cWoIf ;'Gb/ tfdfªn] ? !) nfv jLdf /sd x:tfGt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . pQm

sfo{qmddf tfdfªn] ljdf ubf{ hLjg ;'/Iff / d[To' x'bfF dfq geO{ art ;d]t x'g] ePsfn] ljdf ug{' /fd|f] /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . yf]/} /sdn] ;d]t jLdf ug{ ;lsg] ePsfn] lhjg ljdf, b['3{6gf ljdf clgjfo{ ug{' kg{] atfpg' eof] . x:tfGt/0f sfo{ q mddf kfF r vfn k| x /L rf} s Lsf ;xO{Grfh{ lj/]Gb| zfx, ljdfsf pkzfvf k|d'v ;'dg cof{n, ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

ag]kf gkfn] u¥of] s[ifsx?nfO{ ljp ljt/0f h'nL v8\sf÷ag]kf ag] k f gu/kflnsf s[ l if zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf s[ifsx?nfO{ t/sf/Lsf] ljp ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v nIdL g/l;+ afb]n] s[ifsx?nfO{ pQm t/sf/Lsf] ljp ljt/0f ug{' ePsf] xf] . afb]n] s[ifsx?nfO{ ;do cg';f/sf] t/sf/Lsf] ljp ljt/0f ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . gu/kflnsfn] s[lif, kz'kIfL, lzIff, :jf:Yo, ;8s nufPtdf lgjf{lrt ePkl5 lta| ?kdf sfd u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . gu/af;Lx?sf] cfo:t/ psf:gsf nfuL gu/kflnsfn] sfd ul//x]sfn] ;a} If]qdf

ljsf; ePsf] afb]n] jtfpg' eof] . ef}lts k'jf{wf/ dfq ljsf; geO{ hgtfsf] cfo:t/ psf:g' klg ljsf; /x]sf] afb]sf] egfO{ lyof] . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf pk k|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn, k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t sla/fh pk|]lt, s[ifL zfvf k|d'v d's'Gb s];L nufPtsn] z'esfdgf dgtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf % ;o ^% hgf 3/w'/LnfO{ t/sf/L ljpljt/0f ul/Psf] cGonfO{ lj:tf/} ljt/0f ul/g] k|fljlws gj/fh l3ld/]n] atfpg' eof] . k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/

xflb{s >4f~hnL hGd @)@@.!.#!

:juf{/f]x0f @)&&.!!.!#

:j= k'?iff]Qd g]kfn o; ljBfnosf lzIfs k'?iff]Qd g]kfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

ef]nfgfy kf}8\ofn ?lSd0fL kf}8\ofn ljJo; cWoIf

k|wfgfWofks

>L ejfgL cfwf/e"t ljBfno kl/jf/ d08gb]pk'/–*, wfO{6f/, sfe|]

xflb{s >4f~hnL hGd @)@@.!.#!

:juf{/f]x0f @)&&.!!.!#

:j= k'?iff]Qd g]kfn o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;+:yfks ;b:o Pj+ ;+rfns ;ldlt ;b:o k'?iff]Qd g]kfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f+} .

Zofds'df/ >]i7 ab|Lk|;fb ;fksf]6f Joj:yfks

cWoIf

>L ;+sNk :j]s art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln kl/jf/ \d08gb]pk'/–&, s'Gtfj];L, sfe|]

!!

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

df]/flt

d]/f] syf, d]/f] Joyf

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

efUosf] n]vfGtdf sd{sf] kmn l;Gb'/ / kf]t] nufP/ kTgL :jLsf/]+ t/ Tof] l;Gb'/ / kf]t] Pp6f wfl/nf] 5'/f eO{lbof] . sfvdf /fv]/ cfˆgf] 7fGy]+ t/ laemfpg] sfF8f alglbof] . eGg t eG5g\ ;a}n], ;a}sf] syf Pp6} x'G5 t/ Joyf dfq km/s x'G5 . xf] syf ;a}sf] Pp6} x'G5 t/ Joyf km/s x'G5 . @)$# ;fn kmfu'g !% ut] d]/f] hGd eof] . a'afn] ^ jif{sf] x'Fbf ufpFsf] ;/sf/L :s"ndf k9fO{ lbg'eof] . sIff @ af6 # df uPF ta 3/sf] ;a} kl/jf/ v'zL g} eP t/ s] ug{' 3/sf] cfo>f]t sd ePsf] sf/0fn] d}n] # sIffaf6 c? sIff k9\g kfOgF . d]/f] pd]/ ;fg} eP klg d s]lx dfqfdf b'Mvx? a'em\by]+ . d}n] a'af, cfdfnfO{ k9fO{ lbg'k5{ eg]/ slxNo} s/ nufOgF . 3/df h] kfSYof] Tolx vfGy] . a'af cfdfn] h] lbg'x'GYof] Tolx sk8f nufpFy] . dg t dnfO{ klg lyof] ;fyLefO{sf] h:t} gofF gofF sk8f nufpg] clg ld7f] ld7f] vfg] t/ s] ug{' 3/sf] cfly{s cj:yfsf sf/0f ;Dej ePg . t/ klg dnfO{ s'g} b'Mv nfu]g . a'af cfˆg} @–# /f]kgL hlt v]tdf ls;fgL ug{'x'GYof] . Tolx v]tL ls;fgLaf6 cfPsf] k};fn] 3/sf] vr{ 6fg{' x'GYof] . tLg hgfsf] kl/jf/ . a'afsf] sdfO{n] vfg nfpg k'u]s} lyof] . s]xL jif{;Dd o;/L g} u'hf/f rln/x]sf] lyof] . @)$& ;fndf efO{sf] hGd eof] . a'af cfdf ;fx|} v'zL x'g'eof] . a'af cfdf ljxfgsf] vfgf vfP/ v]t lt/ hfg'x'GYof] . d efO{nfO{ x]/]/ 3/ s'/]/, clg 3/sf] sfd uy{]+ . o;/L g} xfd|f] lbgrof{ laTb} uof] . efO{ hGd]sf] b'O{ jif{ k5f8L alxgLsf] hGd eof] .

5f]/L hlGdof] eg] nIdLsf] ?k eG5g\ . xfd|f] 3/df yk v'zL ylkof] . h]7f] 5f]/fnfO{ k9fpg ;lsgF afFsL ;GtfgnfO{ ef]s} a;]/ eP klg k9fpF5' eGg] lgwf] ug{'eof] . d]/f efO{ alxgLn] k9\g kfP . efO{ alxgLn] k9\g' g} d}n] k9]sf] h:t} xf] . ha d !! jif{sf] nfu]+ To;kl5 d klg a'af;Fu} v]tdf sfd ;3fpg hfGy]+ . efO{alxgLx? lj:tf/} x's{Fb} uP . 3/sf] ;d:of ylkb} uof] . a'afsf] sdfO{n] 3/ vr{ dfq k'Ug] eof] . aflx/L vr{ t emg} s'/} 5f]8f}+ . To;kl5 d}n] 3/sf] h]7f] af7f] ePsf sf/0f uDeL/ eP/ ;f]r]+ . a'afsf] sdfO{n] dfq ca 3/ wfGg ;lsFb}g . a'afsf] s]xL lhDd]jf/L lng'k5{ eGg] d]/f] dgdf nfUof] . sf7df8f}+df uP/ k};f sdfpg] lgwf] u/]+ . d}n] a'af cfdfnfO{

l s{ P sf ] m k f d f 7 ] sf Fu 5'l§ eP/ tL cGo k'?if;m} 6 f a d f fe >Ld gs d Pslb }n] sf]7fdf d]/L ]+ . dnfO{ ;kg f] . lyPF . d ]df afFlwPsf] b]v Tof] oyfy{ lyo F . s] cFufnf ;kgf geP/ ] d d/]t'No eP u nfUof] . fz v;]em}+ eof Ls} ;'vsf nfl f fs l§d dt lz/df c ] gug{] . d >L l:sP/ tftf] ecfkm"n] ug{] s Hofnf] gx'Fb} lg Fu emf]l;g] < ljxfg p otf k/k'?if; } ;lsgF . lg Ng kf]lng] p cfkm"nfO{ ;Dxf ;f]w]/ hfg] lg0f{o u/]+ . ufpF s f y' k | } AolQmx? sf7df8f}df dhb'/L ul//x]sf 5g\ . dnfO{ nfUof] lrg]sf] sf]lx eP ;xof]u eO{ xfN5 lg . geGb} To:t} eof] . sf7df8f}+ kf6gdf ld7fO{ e08f/df efF8f dfem\g] sfd z'? u/]+ .

3/sf] cj:yf ;Dem]/ efF8f dfem\g ljjz lyPF . tna tf]lsPsf] lyPg Ps} rf]6L ! dlxgf k'u]kl5 tna kfPF . * ;o ?k}of lbg'eof] . Tof] /sd grnfO{sg afS;fdf /fv]+ . lg/Gt/ cfkm\gf] sfddf nfu]+ . ^ dlxgf hlt efF8f dfem] kl5 hDdf ePsf] /sd 3/df k7fO{ lbPF . 3/sf] ;d:of ;xh x'Fb} uO/x]sf] lyof] . efF8f dfem\g] kbaf6 a9'jf eof] . s's x]Nk/ ePF . s's x]Nk/ ePkl5 tna @ xhf/ eof] . s's x]Nk/df sfd ubf{ dlxg} lkR5] tna lnP/ 3/ k7fpg] uy{]+ . s's x]Nk/sf] ?kdf ! jif{ sfd u/] . To;kl5 d csf{] 7fpFdf sfd ug{ uPF . gfª\nf] a]s/L sf/vfgfdf sfd ug{ uPF . kfp/f]6L, s]s, b'gf]6 agfpFy] . dfl;s !) xhf/ tna lbGYof] . cf]e/6fOd ;Dd u/]sf] !@ xhf/ lyof] . cf]e/6fOd klg uy{] .

3/df k};f k7fpFbf efO{ alxgLx?nfO{ k9\g w]/} ;xh ePsf] lyof] . gfª\nf] a]s/Ldf sfd u/]sf] nueu @÷# jif{ e};s]sf] lyof] . 3/af6 kmf]g cfof] . ca ljx] ug{' k5{ . 3/sf] lhDd]jf/L / sfdn] ubf{ lax]sf] ;f]r g} cfPsf] lyPg . ljx] ug{] dg t cem} lyPg a'af cfdfsf] arg sf6\g ;lsgF . x'G5 5'l§ dfu]/ cfpF5' clg ;Nnfx u/f}nf elglbPF . s]lx lbg

kl5 3/ uPF . a'afcfdfn] s]6Lsf] ljifodf s'/fsfgL ul/;Sg' ePsfn] dnfO{ s]lx lbgd} s'/f 6'Ëofpg] / ljjfx ug{] ;Nnfx lbg'eof] . pxfFx?sf] lg0f{odf d]/f] gfO{gfl:t x'Fb}g . ePg / ug{] s'/f klg ePg . geGb} ljjfxsf] s'/f 6'Ëf] nfUof] . !* jif{ gk'Ub} ljjfx ug{'kg{] cj:yf cfof] .

Aojxf/ ylkb} hfFbf 3/ kl/jf/sf] ;+s6 ulxl/g] xf] ls < eGg] cfz+sf klg lyof] . t/ klg a'af cfdf, 3/ kl/jf/, cfkmGtx?sf] rfxgf Tolx eP kl5 gfO{ gfl:tsf] cj:yf klg ePg . sfd /fd|f] / ;xh lyof] . sf/vfgfdf w]/} cj;/ lyof] . s'g} lbg k'FhL x'Fbf cfkm} ug{ ;lsg] Aoj;fo lyof] . Tolx sf/0f d ljjfx rfF8f] u/]/ 3/d} >LdtL /fv]/ sf7df8f} kms{g rfxGy]+ . s]6L x]/]/ clGtd lg0f{o u/]sf] s]lx lbgd} l6sf6fnf] u/]/ d]/f] ljjfx eof] . vr{ sd ug{] / xfdLn] klg c?sf] bfO{hf] gNofpg] ljifodf ;xdlt h'6\of] .

3/df ;Togf/fo0fsf] k'hf u/] kl5 ;a} s'/f ;lsof] . ljjfx ePsf] t]>f] lbgd} d sf7df8f} uPF . efO{ alxgLx?sf] cWoog eO{/x]sf] lyof] . emg 3/df sfd ug{] efph' eP kl5 plgx?nfO{ ;xh eof] . a'af cfdfnfO{ klg 3/df ;b:o ylkPsf]df v'zL lyof] . clws v'zL klg w]/} ;do l6Sg ;Sbf] /x]g5 . ljjfx ePsf] Ps dlxgf;Dd eljZosf af/]df ;f]lr/x]sf] lyPF . s]lx ;do kl5 >LdtLnfO{ klg sf7df8f+}df NofP/ ;Fu} sfd ug{] / k};f hDdf ug{] . afFsL hLjg ;'vdo ljtfpg] . geGb} @÷# dlxgfd} >LdtLn] ?Fb} elgg\ d klg xh'/;Fu} a:5' . b'j}sf] rfxgf t ldNof]

t/ 3/ kl/jf/df ;Nnfx t ug{'k¥of] . s]lx lbgsf] 5'l§ lnP/ 3/df uPF . a'afcfdf;Fu ;Nnfx u/]/ pgL / d;Fu} sfd ug{] of]hgfsf ;fy 3/af6 sf7df8f} nfUof}+ . PSsf;L d]/f] hLjgdf Pslbg sfnf] afbn 5fof] . d]/f] hLjgdf cf}+zLsf] /ft cfof] . plg sf7df8f}+ cfPsf] ! dlxgf hlt ePsf] lyof] . sfddf nufpg ;s]sf] lyO{gF . d ljxfg rfF8} p7]/ sfddf hfGy]+ . plg 8]/fdf PSn} x'lGyg\ . vfgf vfg klg cfpFg] ;do lyPg . Ps} k6s a]n'sf dfq} cfpFy] . @)^& ;fnsf] s'/f xf] d Pslbg sfdaf6 5'l§ eP/ sf]7fdf kmls{Psf] lyPF . d}n] sf]7fdf d]/L >LdtL cGo k'?if;Fu cFufnf]df afFlwPsf] b]v]+ . dnfO{ ;kgf em} nfUof] . ;kgf geP/ Tof] oyfy{ lyof] . lz/df cfsfz v;]em}+ eof] d d/]t'No ePF . s] ug{] s] gug{] . d >LdtLs} ;'vsf nflu ljxfg pHofnf] gx'Fb} lgl:sP/ tftf] el§df kf]lng] plg otf k/k'?if;Fu emf]l;g] < cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ ;DxfNg} ;lsgF . ljsNk klg s]lx lyPg . cfkm}nfO{ ;Dxfn] / pgnfO{ ufnL u/]em}+ u/] . ltdLn] o:t} lbg b]vfpg' /} 5 t d;Fu lsg ljjfx u¥of} < d]/f] gfdsf] l;Gb'/ nufof}+ < ltdLn] of] ;a ug{' cufl8 d]/f] gfdsf] l;Gb'/ / kf]t] lsg ˆofFlsgf}+ < Tof] s]6f aflx/ lgl:sP/ lxF8\of] . d}n] Tof] s]6fk|lt jf:tf ul/gF . lsgsL bf]if s]6f eGbf klg cfkm\g} >LdtLsf] lyof] . dfkm ul/ lbg' eGb} pgn] cfFz' emf/]sf] gf6s ul/g\ . dfkmL t uNtL ug{]nfO{ lbOG5 Hofg dfg{]nfO{ xf]Og . lhpFb} df/]sL 5f} ltdLnfO{ s;/L dfkm u/f} < cfFvfaf6 cfFz'sf wf/f aUg yfn] . ;fFemsf] & ah]sf] lyof] . el§ k;ndf k;]/ /S;L lkpg yfn]+ . * ah]lt/ sf]7fdf cfPF . af]nrfn ul/gF d}n] .

Psflt/ kmls{P/ /f]Psf] clego rln/x]s} lyof] . s'g} jf:tf ul/gF . ef]lnkN6 ljxfg} p7]/ sfddf uPF . ;fFemsf] pQm 36gfn] sfddf Wofg lyPg . pgsf] k]6df d]/f] lg;fgL x'ls{ /x]sf] lyof] . ef]lnkN6} pgL dfO{t uO{5g\ . s]lx dlxgf dfO{t a;]/ kmls{P kl5 pgLk|ltsf] d]/f] dfof / k|]/0ff hfUof] . ;DaGw k'/fg} z}nLdf cl3 a9fpg] u/L ;dembf/L sfod eof] . hLjgsf] of] bf]>f] KjfO{G6sf ?kdf lnPF . kl/jf/sf] dfof, ;b\efj / ljZjf;nfO{ sfod /fVg] u/L xfdL cl3 al9/xFbf b'O{ ;Gtfg eP . plgx?sf] x'sfO{, a9fO{, lzIff lbIffsf nflu xfdL

lg/Gt/ ;lqmo eO{ g} /x\ o f} + . hLjg ;xh ePg . pgn] u/]sf] ulNtnfO{ d}n] dfkm lbPF . e'sDk, sf]/f]gf efO{/; h:tf dxfdf/L / ljklQx? xfdLn] em]Nof}+ . ;Gtfg 7'nf x'Fb} uP . d}n] sfd kl/jt{g u/]/ ag]kfd} sf/vfgf vf]Ng] of]hgfsf ;fy cfPF . kl/jf/nfO{ 3/d} /fv]+ . aRrfx?nfO{ ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf egf{ ul/lbPF . x'g] xf/ b}j g6f/ eg] em} ag]kfdf sf/vfgf /fVg] u/L hUuf ef8fdf lnof}+ . Tolx qmddf l;Gw'nL lhNnfsf] dl/0f ufpkFflnsfsf Ps hgf ;fyL ;fem]bf/sf ?kdf e]6 eof] . pgsf] klg kl/jf/ g} lyof] . pgL ag]kf / sf7df8f} cfphfp ub{y] . pgL cs{} k]zf Aoj;fo ug{] t/ d]/f] pBf]udf nufgL ug{] s'/f eof] . pgL sf7df8f} hfg] cfpg] u/]sf sf/0f ;do lbg EofpbF}g lyP . ut jif{sf] bz}sf] ;do lyof] . pgL s]lx ;do l;Gw'nL a;] . ;fem]bf/Ldf sfd u/]sfn] pgL gePsf] cj:yfdf pgsf] >LdtLn] ;xof]u uly{g\ . dfG5] g /x]5 . ljutdf d]/f] >LdtLnfO{ k/k'?if;uF e]§fP/ c;dembf/L a9fpg] d]/f] k|]d pgL;uF x'g yfNof] . xbF'f xb'Ff ;DaGw /xg uof] . cGttM d]/} gfdsf] aRrf pgsf] ue{df cfof] . of] s'/f pgsf] >LdfgnfO{ yfxf eof] . ls t pgL dg{' k¥of] < ls t xfdL efUg' k¥of] . pgsf] >Ldfg ufpaFf6 kmls{Psf] s]lx ;do kl5 d lj?4 ph'/L k/]sf] /x]5 . s'6lk6 klg eof] . cGttM d}n] pgnfO{ >LdtLsf] ?kdf ljjfx ug{'kg{] eof] . g]kfnsf] sfg'gn] >LdtL eGg gkfpg] t/ ;uF} a:g' kg{] afWotf /x]5 . 3/df ePsf] >LdtL / aRrfx?nfO{ wf]sf lbb} d}n] u/]sf] ulNtsf] k|folZrt d sf/fuf/df a;]/ ul//x]sf] 5' . l;Gw'nL lhNnfsf] sf/fuf/df dnfO{ k'k{If /flvPsf] lyof] . ! jif{sf] ;hfoF kl5 d d'Qm ePsf] 5' . b'a} >LdtL / aRrfx?nfO{ Ps} ;fy /fVg] s'/f klg sl7g /x]5 . t/ klg hLjgsf ef]ufO{x?n] AolQmnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg ;s]g eg] hLjg x]bf{ hlt ;xh 5 ef]Ubf sl7g 5 . d}n] t ulNt u/]+ u/]+ c?n] d]/f] h:tf] ulNt gu?g\ .

dx]Gb| of]~hg ag]kf !@, sfe|]

-of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]ns ' f * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

uhn czflGtlk|o k'hf/L cfˆgf] ;'/Iff cfkm}+ ug{'kg{] ef] c?sf] e/ kbf{ csfndf dg{'kg{] ef] yfxf g} x'Gg s;n] s] hfn a'G5 k'?if k|wfg b]zdf gf/Lsf] s'/f s;n] ;'G5 < cfˆgf] /Iffsf] nflu cfkm}+ af]sf}+ 5'/L ;fx; a6'n]/ n]/fp e'Fd/L / x'/L s;n] u5{ gf/Lx?sf] ;Demgf k/]sf 5g\ ;f]emf;femf gf/L bdgdf x]lkg] xf]Og cfF6 e/f];fn] lng] xf] ca tflnd hf] ;flng / ;/n b]lvg] JolQm g} x'G5g\ cfTd3ftL leqleq}af6 ;Sg] x'G5g\ n'6\g cl:dtf gf/Lsf] dg sf]dn / dfofn'n] sdhf]/ agfPsf] a]nf kf5{g\ pgLx?n] df}sfdf rf}sf olt rflxF a'emf}+ lbbL alxgL xf] k'?ifsf] e/df gk/f}+ cfˆgf of csf{sf] kf/]sf 5g\ k"j{b]lv klZrdsf gf/LnfO{ dsf{df Hofg} lnP slt r]nLsf] ca klg e|ddf a:g' gx'g] a]nf ef] . ladnf k/fh'nL -ltdlN;gf_ kgf}tL–%, >Lv08k'/

kf“rvfnsf] tfdf3f6df ;lkª df6{ kfFrvfn÷kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf tfdf3f6 rf]sdf zlkª df6{ ;+rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . kfFrvfnsf o'jf Aoj;foLx?sf] ;+o'Qm k|of;df sl/j ! s/f]8sf] nufgLdf zlkª df6{ ;+rfngdf cfPsf] xf] . cTofjZos 3/fo;L ;fdfgx? k;n} lkR5] vf]Hb} lx8\g'kg]{ / ;fdfg lsGg 3G6f} nfOg a:g'kg]{ pkef]Qmfx?sf] ;d:ofnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ ;:tf] / ;'ky d'Nodf ;]jf k'of{pg] pb]Zosf ;fy df6{ ;Grfngdf NofOPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ;]jf ;'ef/Desf] cj;/df u|fxsx?nfO kmfu'g dlxgfe/L x/]s ;fdfg vl/bdf % k|ltzt;Dd 5'6 ;d]t lbOg]5 . df6{df vfBfGg, s:d]l6s ;fdfg, luˆ6 tyf v]nf}gf, lsr]gsf ;fdu|Lx?, :jb]zL lab]zL a|fG8sf k]o kbfy{, Uof;, kfgL, k|mf]hg ;fdu|Lx? / k'hfsf ;fdu|Lx? kfOG5 . ;fy} pkef]Qmf x?sf] ;]jf / ;'lawfnfO Wofgdf /fVb} k|mL xf]d 8]lnel/sf] ;d]t ;'lawf /x]sf] 5 . zlkª df6{n] # hgfnfO{ k|ToIf /f]huf/L ;d]t lbPsf] 5 . u|fxsx?nfO{ u'0f:t/Lo ;fdfg lbg s'g} sGh':ofOF gul/g] df6{ ;Grfnssf] egfO /x]sf] 5 . ;a} ;fdfgx? Ps} 5fgL5fgL lsGg kfpFbf ;dosf] art x'g'sf] ;fy} cfkm'n] vf]h] h:tf] ;fdu|L kfpFbf u|fxsx? klg v';L b]lvPsf 5g\ . s]lx ;dodf g} cGo :yfgdf klg zfvf vf]Ng] tof/L /x]sf] ;+rfnsn] atfPsf 5g\ .

s'df/ an/fd :d[lt 5fqfjf;df k/Dk/fut z}nLsf] hLjGt b[Zo w'lnv]nsf================================== ag]kf÷k/Dk/fut z}nLsf] gofF cfofdnIdL k|lti7fgåf/f sfe|]knfGrf]s lhNnfsf] rf}/L b]p/fnL ufpFkflnsf tyf lrtjg lhNnfsf] /flKt !# sfGbfdf l;dfGts[ t , ul/a tyf c;xfo afnfaflnsx?sf nflu lgMz'Ns ;+rfng ul/Psf] s'df/ an/fd :d[lt 5fqfjf; kl/;/sf] sfe| ] kl/;/df k/Dk/fut ;fdu|Lx?sf] k|of]u ub}{ hLjg cuf8L a9fOPsf hLjGt b[Zo b]Vg kfOg] 5 . b]z ljb]zaf6 cfpg' x'g] cltyLx? nufot ljleGg sn]h tyf ljBfnox?sf o'jf tyf

afnaflnsfx?nfO{ cfdGq0f u/L k|bz{g tyf k|of]u ug{ nufOg] ;fdu|Lx?df xnf] hf]t]/ lap /f]Kg] b]lv df]xL kfg]{ 3fF; sf6\g], l9sL s'6\g], bfp/f sf6\g], hfFtf] lk+Wg], tf]/L k]Ng], vnfFtL rnfpg], bdfxf ahfpg], ;xgfO{, s0ff{n km'Sg], bfO{+ ug]{, ufO{ a:t'nfO{ 3fF; sf6]/ v'jfpg], kz' kG5LnfO{ rf/f xfNg] ;d]t cEof;df ;xefuL u/fOg]5 . g]kfnLx?sf] df}lns vfgfx? l9+8f] -sf]bf], kmfk/, ds}_, /f]6L -kfgL, 9'+u], e'Gu|], tfjf, t}lno_ u'G›'s, vf]n], RofFVnf, hfpnf], lvr8L, ds}, e6df;, ux'F s]/fp, h'g]nf], km;L{, ;v/v08, :s';, lrp/f sGbd'n,

kf]n]sf] e'6]sf] pl;g]sf], kmnkm'n -l;hg cg';f/ kmn]sf_ hfd, h';, blx, b'wb]lv lnP/ df]xL / dx;Dd cfkm}n] tof/ u/L vfg] jftfj/0f agfOPsf] 5 . k/Dk/fut z}nL ckgfpFb} cTolws dfqfdf cfˆg} af/Lsf] pv'sf] h'; tyf v'bf] k|of]u ul/g] 5 . em'nf] rsdsåf/f lgsflnPsf] cfuf]df ;NsfO{Psf] lbof], lbofnf] jf 6'sLsf] k|sfzdf 5fk|f]df -6f+8 dfly jf hdLgdf_ u'G›L / ;'s'ndf ;'Tg] cg'ej b]vL /f8L kfvLsf] k|of]u;Dd u/fOg] 5 . df};d cg';f/sf] v]tLdf ;xefuL eP/ To;sf] cg'e't ug{ ;lsg] 5 . yk dgf]/~hgsf

nflu k/Dk/fut v]ns'b h:t} sa8\8L, s':tL, 808L laof], af3rfn, wg'ifjf0f, 3'Foqf] cflbsf] cfgGb lng'sf ;fy} of]uf, d]l86]zg, emfFqmL gfr, v}h8L gfr, tfdfª ;]nf] -tfd;flnË If]q ePsfn]_, nf]s gfr, bf]xf]/L uLtsf] cfgGb ;lxt, /f]6] lkª, lnË] lkª cflbsf] cfgGb lng kfOg] 5 .

5fqfjf; kl/;/ k|j]z ubf{ kGr] afhfsf] ;f+uLlts :j/n] :jfut ul/g] / labfO{ x'Fbf;Dd cb\e't cg'e"lt;Fu} dfofsf] lrgf] k|bfg u/L ljleGg hfthftLsf dgf]/d ;+:s[ltsf] cfglGbt jftfj/0f;Fu} labf ul/g] ul/g] 5 .

;ftfsf] /flzkmn -@)&& kmfu'g @)–@^_ ;fKtflxs k~rf· d]if

j[if

ldy'g

ss{6

@@ ut] ci6dL a|t, @$ ut] gf/L lbj;, @% ut] PsfbzL a|t .

cfh nfdf] ofqfsf] k|an of]u /x]sf] 5, @!–@@ ut] eg] d[To't'No si6 cfOkg{ ;Snf, afFsL lbgdf df+ulns sfo{df ;xeflutf k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç gf/fo0ffo g/l;+xfo gdM . ;ftfsf] dWo @#@$ ut];Dd ;do v/fa x'Fbf dfgl;s lrGtf j[l4 xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf zq'efj ldqdf kl/0ft, ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç e+ e+ e}/jfo gd M . @)–@$ ut];Dd ljBfdf ?rL, /f] u af6 d' l Qm, Jofkf/ Joj;foaf6 nfe ;fy} ldi7fGg ef]hg k|flKt xf]nf, clGtd b'O{ lbg em'6f cf/f]k cfpg ;Snf . dGq M P]+ x|L+ P]+ ;/:jTo} gdM .

cfh 3/sf] lrGtf ;fy} lgbf|df c;l'jwf cfpnf, afs F L lbgdf ;Gtfgaf6 ;v ' kf|lKt, dfg kb PZ]jo{ kf|lKt, ld7fld7f kd|] jftfn { fe xg'5] . dGq M ç >L ;o"g{f/fo0ffo gdM .

l;+x

sGof

t'nf

cfh cw'/f sfo{ ;xh} ;kmn x'g]5, @!–@@ ut];Dd k]6df ljsf/ ;fy} lrQ r+rn xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf 3/df ;'v zflGt, a}+s Jofn]G; j[l4 xf]nf . dGq M ç >L+ x|L+ >L+ dxfnId} gdM . @)–@@ ut];Dd cfsl:ds wgnfe, ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 xf]nf, @#–@$ ut];Dd 5ftL b'Vg] /f]un] ;tfpnf, c? lbg cWoog cWofkgdf ?rL a9\nf . dGq M ç b'+ b'uf{o gd M. @)–@$ ut;]Dd afn ] Lsf] ke|fj a9g\,] dfg ;Ddfg kf|lKt, bfhe'fOa{f6 ;v ' kf|lKt xg'5], @%–@^ ut;]Dd ;dfhdf ckdfgsf] eo /xs ] f] 5 . dGq M ç xL|+ sfo{ ;fkmNo l;4o ç km6\ . cfh df]6f] wg/fzL vr{

j[lZrs x'g] of]u 5, afFsL lbgdf pkxf/ cflb

j:t' k|flKt, zq'dfly ljho k|flKt, ldi7fGg ef]h k|flKt, ;fy} cfo j[l4 xf]nf . dGq M ç qmL+ sflnsfo} gdM .

wg'

ds/

s'De

dLg

cfh wg cfudgsf] gofF af6f] a[l4 xf]nf, @! / @@ ut] dgdf lvGgtf af]w pTkGg xf]nf, @#–@^ ut];Dd ldq ;'v ;fy} z/L/df ;'v k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç qmL+ sfNo} gd M. ;ftfsf] dWo @#–@$ ut];Dd rf]6k6ssf] eo x'Fbf ;ts{ /xg'xf]nf, afFsL lbg k"/} /fHoaf6 ;'v k|flKt, dg zflGt /xg], ;fy} ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v ldNg]5 . dGq M ç x|L+ a6's e}/jfo x|L+ gdM . @)–@$ ut];Dd u'?ju{af6 ;'v k|flKt, sfo{df ;kmntf, 3/ hUuf k|flKt, ;do cfˆgf] cg's"ndf /xg]5, @%–@^ ut];Dd df]6f] wg/fzL vr{ xf]nf . dGq M P]+ x|L+ SnL+ rfd'08fo laRo} . cfh vr{ j[l4 ;fy} ckh; ;xg'knf{, afFsL lbgdf efUof]bosf] ;do, sd{ k|flKt x'Fbf dg xlif{t, OlR5t sfo{ l;l4 ;fy} ldq ;xof]u ldNg]5 . dGq M ç gdZrl08sfo .

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

k|hftflGqs ?ksf] :yfgLo ;/sf/x?sf] P]Soa4 cfjfh xf] . of] cGt/fli6«o ;d'bfosf cGt/ ;/sf/x?sf jLr ;dGjo / ;xsf/Ltf nflu :yflkt ;+hfnsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . ljZjJofkL ?kdf km}lnPsf] sf]/f]gf efO{/; -sf]le8 !(_ ;+u n8\g o'l;PnhL :kfs h:tf] ;+hfn cem ;ZfQm ?kdf P]Soa4 eO{ :yfgLo ;/sf/x?sf] e'ldsf dha't agfpg ;lqmo x'g' h?/L /x]sf] cWoIf Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . o;sf ;fy} k|sf]k Joj:yfkg, hnjfo' kl/jt{g / ul/aL lgjf/0f nufot ljZjJofkL ?kdf :yfgLo ;/sf/ tyf zx/Ls/0f;Fu ;DalGwt ;d:ofx?sf] ;Daf]wg ug{ klg ;+o'Qm Pslqt cfjfhsf] dxTj /x]sf] / cfk;L l;sfO{nfO{ k|a4{g ug'{ ckl/xfo{ /x]sf] gj lgjf{lrt cWoIf Jof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . gk]fn gu/kflnsf ;3+ ljqmd ;Djt @)%) df :yflkt u/}gfkmfdn ' s @ ;o (# gu/kflnsfx?sf] 5ftf ;u+7g xf] . bO'{ bzs bl]vOG6/gz ] gn ol'gog ckm nfs ] n cy/'fOO{6{; cfOo{P'nP_ xb'F} ol';PnhL :kfs;uF cfa4 /lx gk]fnsf gu/kflnsfx?sf] ;femf xs lxtsf nflu ax; k/}jL tyf ;h + fnLs/0fsf dfWodaf6 ;xofu]L ;:+yfsf ?kdf :yflkt ;:+yf xf] . ol';PnhL :kfssf cWoIfsf] ?kdf gk]fn gu/kflnsf ;3+sf cWoIfsf] kl|tlglwTj xg'n ' ] gk]fnsf gu/kflnsfx?sf] ;zlQms/0fsf nflu sfo{ ug{ cem lhDdj]f/ agfPsf] 5 . gu/kflnsfx?sf] Ifdtf cleal[4 u/L ;3+Lotf sfofG{jog / ;l+jwfg kb|Qxsx?sf] ko|fu] u/L ;an, ;z ' fl;t / ;d4 [ gu/kflnsfx? lgdf0{fdf sfz ] 9]u+'f ;fljt xg'] cWoIf Aof~hn ' ] atfpg' eof] . o;cl3 cWoIfdf O08f]g]l;ofsf ;'/fafof gu/kflnsfsf d]o/ 8f= l6«:df xfgL{ cWoIf / ;x cWoIfdf g]kfnsf tkm{af6 w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v tyf g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h' lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] lyof] . ljZje/sf gu/kflnsfx?sf] ljsf; / ;Dj[4sf nflu pQm ;+:yfn] of]hgf agfpg] / nufgL ug{]5 . r]i6f ;fKtflxs, k|fO{d Pkm Pd nufotsf ;+3 ;+:yfx?df g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsfdf /xg' ePsf Aof~h'sf] sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esdgf AoQm ub{5f}+ . cGt{/fli6«o d]o/x?sf] cWoIftfdf lgjf{lrt Aof~h'sf] awfO{ tyf z'esfdgfdf w'lnv]n gu/ sld6L o'jf ;+3n] lbk k|Hjng u/]sf] 5 . ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] klg awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf cfof]hgf u/]sf 5g\ .

pkk|d'v ljdnf k|b]z ;dGjo kl/ifb\df w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsL pkk|d'v ladnf zdf{ k|b]z :t/Lo ;dGjo kl/ifb\sf] ;b:odf dgf]lgt x'g' ePsf] 5 . ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx -;dGjo tyf cGt/ ;DaGw _ P]g @)&& sf] bkmf @$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -ª_ adf]lhd d'VodGqL cWoIf /xg] ;dGjo kl/ifb\ ;b:odf zdf{nfO{ dgf]gog ul/Psf] 5 . afudtL k|b]z leqsf ufpF tyf gu/kflnsfsf tkm{af6 k|d'v÷pkk|d'v dWo]af6 w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsL pkk|d'v ladnf zdf{ dgf]lgt ePsL x'g\ . o;cl3 b]ze/sf :yfgLo txx? dWo]af6 ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf cy{dGqL ;+of]hs /xg] ;ldltdf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v Pj+ g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h' ;+3 ;/sf/sf] ;dGjo kl/ifb\df ;b:o dgf]gog x'g' ePsf] lyof] .

k|b]z leqsf Nofax? cg'udg ug{ ;'emfj w'lnv]n÷hg:jf:Yo k|of]uzfnf afudtL k|b]z sfof{non w'lnv]nn] k|b]z cGt{ut !# lhNnfsf lhNnf c:ktfnsf k|d'v tyf Nofj 6] l Sgl;ogx?sf] ;ldIff sfo{ q md cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . lgb{]zs gf/fo0faxfb'/ sfsL{sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ljleGg lhNnfdf ePsf ;d:of, cj;/ / r'gf}tLsf af/]df 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfndf lghL If]qdf w]/} Nofj eP klg u'\0f:t/ sdL ePsf], btf{ gePsf Nofax? klg ;+rfngdf /x]sf] / Nofa ;+rfngdf /x]sf AolQmx? klg cflwsfl/s gePsf] ljifodf cg'udg ug{' kg{] ;'emfj lbO{Psf] lyof] . cg'udgsf nflu clwsf/ x:tfGt/0f ePsf], bIf hgzlQm gePsf] tyf sd{rf/L ;dfof]hgdf b/jGbLx? sfl6Psfn] ;d:of ePsf] lgb{]zs sfsL{n] atfpg' eof] .

!@

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @& c+s !* @)&& kmfu'g @) ljxLjf/

"Inflame your mind with quality education"

Admission Open for

BBS

(4 yrs Programme)

Banepa

Siddhartha College Banepa-8, Kavre, Phone: 011-661110,011-661143 URL: www.siddhartha.edu.np facebook: www.facebook.com/banepasiddharthacollege

Form Distribution : (6:30am-3:30PM)

k'/fgf] :6s O{§f

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

;x'lnot b/df ljqmLdf

k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&&.!!.@)

o; ;+3df l/Qm /x]sf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] kb v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{ 4f/f kbk'lt{ ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's JolQmx?n] cfjZos sfuhft ;lxt of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq cfj]bg k]; ug'{x'g cg'/fw ul/G5 . lj1fkg g+= )!–)&&÷)&* kb M sfof{no ;xof]uL tx M >]0fL ljlxg cfjZos ;+Vof M !-Ps_ tnj ;'ljwf M ;+3sf] lgodfg';f/ 5gf]6 lsl;d M cGt/jftf{ b/vf:t z'Ns M ? @)).– z}lIfs of]Uotf M !) sIff pQL0f{ . pd]/ M !* jif{ k'/f e} #% jif{ ggf3]sf] b/vf:t a'emfpg] ;do / :yfg M sfof{no ;dodf, ;+3sf] sfof{no ag]kf & sfe|] ;Dks{ ldlt M b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltsf] ef]lnkN6 ;Dks{ g+= )!!–^^)^^@ Dofb gf3L cfPsf Pj+ cfjZos l/t / k|lqmof gk'u]sf b/vf:t pk/ s'g} sfo{afxL x'g] 5}g . ;+of]hs sd{rf/L kbk"lt{ ;ldlt

C+B

: s] tkfO{ 3/ agfpFb} x'g'x'G5 < : s] tkfO{ u'0f:t/Lo O§fsf] vf]hLdf x'g'x'G5 < : olb To;f] xf] eg], cfpg'xf];\

egf{ v'Nof] ! egf{ v'Nof]

C+B

ag]kf, sfe|]

C+B

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf art ;+3

C+B

tkfO{ xfd|} zx/ ag]kfdf gofF k|ljlwaf6 df6f] d'l5 tof/ kfl/Psf], ;fy} gofF kmfOg l;:6d k|ljlwaf6 ksfOPsf] u'0f:t/Lo, ;kmf / cfsif{s ;fOhsf] O§f ;j{;'ne d"Nodf ljqmL ljt/0f eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ . ;Dks{ c?0fsfhL j}B -(*%!)%##^#_ an/fd >]i7 -(*$!@@#^@*_ ;'/]Gb|sfhL dfgGw/ -(*$!@%)(^!_

Zofd 8+uf]n -(*$!#)@!&#_ sfhL/fhf cjfn] -(*%!)^^!*$_ cfzfsfhL dxh{g -(*$!#@*)%#_

rl08sf O{§f pBf]u

!! egf{

v'Nof]

!!!

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf sfe|] lhNnfdf Psdfq lalaP; txsf] Joj:yfkg ;+sfodf ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ lgMz'Ns 5fqj[lQ ;lxt w'lnv]n SofDk; w'lnv]ndf gofF z}lIfs ;q @)&&.)&* sf] nflu :gfts tx k|yd jif{df egf{ v'Nof] .

BBS

g]kfnL / cFu|]hL dfWoddf 5'§f5'§} sIff x'g]

lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu

w'lnv]n SofDk;, w'lnv]n kmf]g g+= )!!$()$^@, (*%!))*)#&

ag]kf–!), k'nahf/

SHEER IMAGING & DIAGNOSTIC CENTER BANEPA Banepa-8, Kavre

CT Scan

ECG, Echo Cardiography

Colour Doppler

Ultra Sonography

X-ray

Lab

Banepa-8 Ittabhatta, Kavre

Available Facilities

/L tflnd ;fy} dG6]Zj eO/x]sf] 5 g ;d]t ;+rfn

- USG Services - Abdomen & Pelvis Scan Obstetric & Gynecology Scan Anomaly Scan (3D/4D) - Biophysical Profile- Follicular Moniroting Obstetric Dopper - USG Neck/Thyroid - USG Breast - Musculoskeletal Ultrasound - USG Chest - Ingurioscotal/Testis Ultrasound Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) - Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS) Transcranial Ultrasound - Arterial & Venous Doppler - Carotid Doppler - Renal Doppler - USG Guided Interventions

ljz]iftfx?

k|aGws ;+rfns >L /fh]Gb| sf]ªf

– tflnd k|fKt, bIf tyf cg'ejL lzIfsx?af6 cWofkg u/fO{g] .

– v]n / k|of]ufTds cEof;af6 l;Sg pTk|]l/t ug{] .

– afnaflnsfsf] :jf:Yo jLdfsf] Joj:yf .

– afn dgf]lj1fgdf cfwfl/t lzIf0f ljlw ckgfO{g] .

– 3/fo;L tyf dfofn' jftfj/0fdf /dfO{nf], ;'/lIft / k|efjsf/L 9+un] l;sfO{g] .

– afnaflnsfd}qL sIff sf]7f, pko'Qm l;sfO{ ;fdu|L / v]ns"bsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] .

– gfgLafa'sf] l;sfO{ / ;'/Iffsf] ;'lglZrttfsf] nflu l;l; Sofd]/fsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] .

– cleefjssf] cfjZostf cg';f/ æ8] s]o/Æ sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] .

– :jR5, :j:ys/ / ;Gt'lnt vfgfvfhfsf] Joj:yf ePsf] .

– /f]ux?af6 aRgsf] nflu ;'/lIft vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO{ / :jR5tfsf ;'ljwfx?sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] .

cf}iflw k;n klg ;+rflnt 5

r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .