Year 30 issue 17

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

#) cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ #) c+s !& @)*) kmfu'g !& ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 29 Feb. 2024) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$$, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h * www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

/fxbfgL ‘/fhZj’df 5nfª w'lnv]n÷lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]n] rfn' jif{df ^ s/f]8 @$ nfv (& xhf/ ( ;o *) ?k}of /fhZj ;+sng u/]sf] 5 . df3 dlxgfdf dfq} && nfv ^& xhf/ # ;o ?k}of ;+sng ePsf] 5 . rfn'jif{sf] & dlxgfdf !! xhf/ $ ;o !% hgfn] /fxbfgLsf

lnPsf 5g\ . df3 dlxgfdf ! xhf/ $ ;o ! hgfn] /fxbfgLsf nflu ljj/0f e/] . $# hgfn] ljefuaf6 /fxbfgLsf nflu rfn' jif{df l;kmfl/; nu]sf 5g\ . gfafns kl/rokq eg] rfn' jif{df $ ;o !# hgfn] lnP . df3 dlxgfdf $% hgfn] gfafns kl/rokq agfPsf 5g\ . /fxbfgL afkt dfq} lhNnf k|zf;g afFsL @ k]hdf

;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] * nfv ! xhf/ /f]kgL hUufsf] gfnLa]nL !% j6f lgsfosf] ef]uflwsf/ vf/]h

s] 5 u[xsf] lgb{]zgdf <

lhNnfdf ! nfv *^ xhf/ # ;o !@ /f]kgL # cfgf hUuf sfod 5 . dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]sf] /]s8{df /x]sf] ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] btf{ clen]v cgg';f/ ;fj{hlgs hUuf $* xhf/ # ;o %( /f]kgL # cfgf / / glbgfnf & nfv &^ xhf/ ^ ;o ^( /f]kgL !$ cfgf @ k};f /x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/L lgsfosf gfddf @& lsQfsf] (@ /f]kgL * cfgf ! k};f # bfd /x]sf] 5 . ef]uflwsf/ k|fKt !% lgsfosf] hUuf ;/sf/Ls/0f ePsf] 5 eg] lnhdf lbPsf] ! xhf/ /f]kgL hUuf klg ;/sf/L ePsf] 5 .

df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n u[x dGqfnon] b]ze/ /x]sf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[ltn] s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;+:yf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf k|lti7fg, af]8{, k|flws/0f, ;+:yfg, ljsf; ;ldlt, ljZjljBfno, ljBfno, :jf:Yo ;+:yf, sDkgL jf cGo ;fj{hlgs jf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfnfO{ pkof]u ug{] u/L pknAw u/fO{ P sf ;/sf/L / ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] cj:yfsf af/]df ;To tYo ;"rgf ;lxtsf] ljj/0f ;+sng u/L u[x dGqfnodf k7fpg / To:tf] sfo{ ug{] pk/ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/jfxL k|s[of cl3 a9fpg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nonfO{ lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5 . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf !^ xhf/ ^ ;o %) lsQf hUuf ;/sf/L 5 . h;df ! nfv *^ xhf/ # ;o !@ /f]kgL # cfgf hUuf sfod lyof] . dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]sf] /]s8{df /x]sf] ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] btf{ clen]v cgg';f/ ;fj{hlgs hUuf $* xhf/ # ;o %( /f]kgL # cfgf / / glb gfnf & nfv &^ xhf/ ^ ;o ^( /f]kgL !$ cfgf @ k};f /x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/L lgsfosf gfddf @& lsQfsf] (@ /f]kgL * cfgf ! k};f # bfd /x]sf] 5 . o; cl3 ef] u flwsf/ lbPsf hUufx?sf] clwsf/ ;a} ;lsPsf] 5 .

ef]uflwsf/ cGTo ePsf] dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]sf] /]s8{df 5 . o; cl3 lhNnfsf !% j6f lgsfon] ef]uflwsf/ k|fKt u/]sf lyP . dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] ldl;n gDj/ #@ cg';f/ @)&$ ebf} @& ut] sf] lg0f{on] lhNnfsf ;a} ef]uflwsf/ k|fKt lgsfosf] hUuf ef]uflwsf/ cGTo u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfddf sfod ePsf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . pQm hUuf @% lsQf 5 . sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf] # ;o !& /f]kgL ;lxt % ;o #% /f]kgL hldgsf] ef]uflwsf/ cGTo ePsf] 5 . ef]uflwsf/ cGTo ePsf !% j6f

;+:yf, pQm ;+:yfsf] lsQf / If]qkmn tflnsfdf pNn]v 5 . d~h' sNof0f ;+3, w'lnv]n ;~hLjgL SofDk;, g]kfn g]qHof]tL ;+3, g]kfn kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;+3, zfxL g]kfnL h+uL c8\8f, sf7df8f}, sfe|] ax'd'vL SofDk;, sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno w'lnv]n, eSt]Zj/ k|flj, ;]ltb]jL k|flj w'lnv]n, k|fylds lzIff tflnd s]Gb| w'lnv]n, lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, w'lnv]n, kfu' e'Ub]p x]Nykf]:6 e'Ub]p, lkk'N; SofDk; kfFrvfn, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf v]ns'b d}bfg, lhlj; sfe|] b'Uw lr:ofg s]Gb| d]lyGsf]6sf gfddf tTsflng cj:yfdf ;/sf/n] ef]uflwsf/ lbPsf] lyof] .

;|f]t M dfnkf]t sfof{no, sfe|] ef]uflwsf/ lbPsf ;a} hUufx? ;/sf/sf gfddf sfod ePsf 5g\ . o;sf af/]df ;/sf/L lgsfon] s;/L hUuf ;+/If0f u5{g\ x]g{ afFsL 5 . afFsL @ k]hdf

;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs jf lglZrt k|of]hgsf nflu pkof]u ug{ lbO{Psf hUuf u}/sfg'gL jf cgflws[t ?kdf btf{ jf bflvn vf/]h u/L

cltqmd0f jf sAhf u/]sf] Pj+ tf]lsPsf] p2]Zo eGbf km/s k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ePsf ljleGg :yfgsf ;/sf/L hUufx?nfO{ kmsf{pg afFsL & k]hdf

vfBfGg tyf t/sf/L pTkfbgsf nflu jflif{s %^,!^) s]hL / @*,(^$ ln6/ ljiffbL w'lnv]n÷pkTosfsf nflu @% k|ltzt eGbf w]/} t/sf/L lgof{t ug{] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf t/sf/L e08f/sf nflu rf/j6f dfq} zLt e08f/ ;+rfngdf 5g\ . h;sf sf/0f s[ifsx?n] pTkfbg u/]sf

t/sf/Lx?sf] plrt d'No klg 5}g, e08f/0f ug{] Ifdtf klg 5}g . :yfgLo txn] x/]s kflnsfdf s[ifsx?sf] lxtsf nflu zLt e08f/ lgdf{0f ug{] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] eP klg xfn;Dd lgdf{0f x'g ;s]sf 5}gg .

NEXT GENERATION

t/sf/L tyf vfBfGg pTkfbgsf nflu ls6gfzs, 9'l;gfzs, emf/gfzs, h}ljs ljiffbL / cGo u/L aflif{s %^ xhf/ ! ;o ^) lsnf] u|fd w'nf]÷bfgfb/ ljiffbL ljqmL x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 eg] @* xhf/ ( ;o afFsL @ k]hdf

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;/sf/L=============================== To:t} lnh gLlt / pkof]u ug{ lbPsf hUufx? dWo] ;fljsdf ef]uflwsf/ lbP/ ef]uflwsf/ cGTo ul/Psf hUuf !$ lsQf 5 . !$ lsQf hUufdf sl/j ! xhf/ /f]kgL hldg 5 . lnh gLlt, @)&! adf]lhd lbPsf] ! lsQf hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] @)&* r}q @$ sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ #) jif{] lb3{sflng lnhdf kl/0ft ul/Psf] 5 . kfFrvfn & sf] lsQf gDj/ %%& sf] !!# /f]kgL ! cfgf # k};f dWo] !% /f]kgL hldg d}gf ;'g'jf/ :d[lt k|lti7fgsf gfddf lbO{Psf] 5 .

;"rgf /Qmbfg u/f}+, :j:y hLjg latfcf}+ 4tkfO{F xfdLn] lbPsf] Ps o'lg6 /utn] tLghgf;Ddsf] Hofg aRg ;Sb5, 4x/]s :j:y JolQmn] tLg–tLg dlxgfdf /Qmbfg ug{ ldNb5, 4!* jif{b]lv ^% jif{sf] pd]/;Dd /Qmbfg ug{ ;lsG5, 4/utsf] cGo ljsNk gePsf]n] /Qmbfg g} Psdfq pkfo xf], 4/Qmbfgdf s'g} wd{ / hft x'Fb}g, 4/Qmbfg bfgdWo] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bfg cyf{t\ hLjg bfg xf], 4k|of]udf gcfPsf] /ut ;DalGwt 7fpFdf lkmtf{ u/f}+

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k/ hf tGq Û z'qm/fh x]b}{ lyP–:ju{sf] ‰ofnaf6 b'/lag nufP/ . pm ;f]rdUg eof]– ædflg;x¿ otfptL bu'l//x]sf] lyP . zlxbu]6sf] jl/k/L hDdf eP/ km"nsf] dfnf ;dfpFb} ;lxbsf] ;flnsdf dfNofk{0f ub}{ lyP xtfl/P/ . cfO/g nufPsf] ;6{kfOG6 clg donkf]; sk8fn] elg/x]sf] lyof], pm k|d'v clytL xf] . ;fob st} csf]{ sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ug{' lyof] . cfh EofO{ gEofO{ 5, kmfu'g & cyf{t k|hftGq lbj; . slxNo} hDdf gx'g] 7fpFdf zL/ em'sfP/ df}g wf/0f sfo{qmd rln/x]sf] lyof] . ;lDem/x]sf lyP u+ufnfn, wd{eQm, bz/y clg dnfO{ . hf]l8Psf] lyof] 1ft c1ft ;xLbx¿sf] gfd . efif0f lg hf]8 tf]8n] pk|mL pk|mL noa4 gj/;n] el/k"0f{ ld7f; / :jflbnf lyP . :jflbnf efif0fsf] lar lardf cg'xf/ lauf/]/ tfnL 7f]Sy] bz{sx¿ . ;6{sf ax'nfe/L donn] lnlkPsf], plr/f uPsf xftsf cf}Fnfsf sfkx¿af6 /f]bgsf] tfnLsf] s?0f WjgLsf] kk{/fx6 j]bgfsf lrTsf/ ;'lgGYof], nfUYof] pm sfo{qmdsf] bz{s xf] .Æ æPstGqLo hxfF g Lof zf;gsf] cGTosf] vflt/ cfGbfn ] g lyof] Tof] . ;3+if{ lyof,] ;g'fn } f] laxfgLsf] kl/sNkgf lyof] . ou' kl/jtg{sf] zv + WjgL lyof] . gk]fnL hghLjgsf] ;g'fn } f] laxfgL lyof] . xs clwsf/sf] dl'Qmsf] ls/0f;uF} sl'07t dfl}ns xsx¿ kmqmg] lbg lyof] . /f0ffx¿sf] PstGqLo hxflgofF zf;gsf] cGTosf] vl';ofnL lbg lyof] . hgtfsf] zlQm;fd' /f0ffx¿ ems ' s ] f] lbg lyof] . ;v ' L gePklg hgtf vz ' L lyP .Æ–ljut ;D‰of] . Go/"f8] tfts ] f] 5 dxuFLn] . ;8se/L kL/ / Joyf 5/k:6 5 . cf–cfˆg} syf 5, Joyf 5 . sltn] cfs ] ns ] f 5g\ kL/sf ljif . sltko leqleq} hln/x5] w/]} sdhf/] Åbox¿ . b/af/sf l;x+x¿ uhg{ 5f8]s ] f 5g}g\ . ls;fgn] efp gkfP/ ;8sd} bw" ˆofss ] f 5g\ . sfnLdf6Ldf sfnf dg /

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b'/b/fhdf ws]Ng' kg]{ k|hftGq l;+xb/af/df ylGsP/ a;]sf] 5. x'g]vfg]sf] uf]hLleq. hltv]/ lemSg ldNg] clg /fVg ldNg]. rfKn';L ug]{ rDr]sf] glhs 6';'Ss a;]sf] 5 k|hftGq. uf]Ko sf]7fleq l;naGbL u/]/ /flvPsf]. t:s/ / sfnf ahf/L clg ck/fwLsf] uf]hLleq sRofss'r'Ss kf/]/ /flvPsf]. ljr/f k|hftGqÛ lg:;fl;Psf] 5.

wg ePsfx¿ Jofkf/af6 k5fl8 kmss {] f 5g}g\ . ;8s hfd 5 eLcfOk{Lsf] ;jf/Ln] . larNnLdf 56\k\6fO/{xs ] f] 5 la/fdLx¿ dT[on ' fO{ cfdGq0f ub{} . axn ' fPsf 5g\ cfkmGt arfpg vr{ hfx]f] ug{ g;s/] . lbPsf 5g\ ;nfdL ;g]fn] vn ] /] k/8] . es " Dkn] laR5b] w/x/f k0"ft{fsf] kvfO{df 5 . jL/ c:ktfn Joj:yfksLo ;w'f/sf] lglDt 56\k6fO/xs ] f] 5 . ljwo]sx¿ sfgg' aGg kfpF egL kl|tlglw;efdf ps:'dl';P/ a;s ] f] 5 . afn'jf6f/df dGqL aGg] kfnf] s'/]/ a;]sfx¿ kqsf/sf] a"ddf

/fxbfgL=============== sfof{non] of] cjwLdf % s/f]8 &) nfv &% xhf/ ?k}of ;+sng ePsf] 5 . To:t} ck/flws 36gf # ;o ($ j6f ePsf 5g\ . df3 dlxgfdf %% j6f eP . & dlxgfsf] cjwLdf # ;o * hgf cleo'Qm kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . df3 dlxgfdf %! hgf kqmfp k/] . ;8s b'3{6gfdf @$ hgfn] Hofg u'dfP . df3 dlxgfdf @ hgfn] Hofg u'dfP . @ ;o * hgf 3fO{t] eP eg] df3 dlxgfdf %! hgf 3fO{t] eP . & dlxgfdf $ hgfsf] xTof eof] . &! hgfn] cfTdxTof u/] . df3 dlxgfdf dfq} !# hgfn] cfTdxTof u/] . k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf % j6f eP . df3 dlxgfdf Pp6f 36gf eof] . nfu' cf}ifw lgoGq0f ug{] qmddf !( hgf AolQm kqmfp u/L @ ;o (* s]hL ufFhf a/fdb ul/Psf] 5 . cGo s]lx nfu' cf}ifw klg a/fdb ePsf] 5 . lhNnfdf & dlxgfdf # ;o @@ hgf ljlzi6 AolQmn] e|d0f u/]sf 5g\ . $@ hgf df3 dlxgfdf g} lhNnf e|d0fdf cfP . # ;o $# j6f k;n rfn' jif{sf] & dlxgfdf cg'udg ul/Psf 5g\ . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no cw{ GofoLs lgsfo klg xf] . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] gful/sx?nfO{ l56f] 5l/tf] ;]jf lbg] p2]Zon] k|zf;g sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf] d'2fx?df cg';Gwfg ;s]/ km5\of{}6 ug{] qmdnfO{ klg lta|tf lbPsf] atfPsL l5g\ . rfn' jif{sf] of] cjwLdf $# j6f d'2f btf{ eP . df3 dlxgfdf dfq} ^ j6f d'2f btf{ eP . btf{;Fu} df3 dlxgfdf $ j6f km5\of{}6 x'Fbf & dlxgfsf] cjwLdf @^ j6f km5\of{}6 eP . !& yfg d'2f dfq} rfn' cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . gofF ;+3 ;+:yf btf{ rfn' jif{df !% j6f ePsf 5g\ . df3 dlxgfdf $ j6f btf{ eP . gljs/0f @ ;o !) j6f eP . df3 dlxgfdf #& j6f ;+:yf gljs/0f ePsf 5g\ . !! j6f xftxltof/ gljs/0f ePsf 5g\ . blnt hghftL kl/rokq @ ;o $& j6f ePsf 5g\ . df3 dlxgfdf $( j6f hf/L eP . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 cg'udg÷lgl/If0f, a}7s tyf cGo lgoldt sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 . rfn' jif{df lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 & nfv #* xhf/ / ljkbdf k/]sfnfO{ $ nfv *! xhf/ /fxt ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnfdf gful/stf ljqmL ug{] lhNnfsf ?kdf s]lx jif{ cl3 ljb]zLx?n] cv8f agfPsf] v'nf;f eP;uF} k|zf;gn] u/]sf] s8fO{sf afah't rfn' jif{sf] & dlxgfdf gofF gful/stf agfpg]x? eGbf k|ltlnkL lng]x?sf] ;+Vof w]/} b]lvPsf] 5 . …k|ltlnkL w]/} agfpg'df /fli6«o kl/rokq tyf /fxbfgL d'Vo sf/0f xf]Ú–;"rgf clwsf/L tyf ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;'jf; kf}8]nn] eg]–…/fxbfgL / /fli6«o kl/rokq agfpg] qmddf gful/stfdf sd a'lemg] cIf/x?nfO{ k|i6 a'lemg] b]vfpg cyf{t tYo tYof+snfO{ ;d]t r':t b'?:t b]lvg] u/L /fVg] k|of]hgsf sf/0f k|ltlnkL lng]x?sf] ;+Vof a9]sf] xf] .Ú cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷@)*! sf] df3 d;fGt;Dd lhNnfdf k|ltlnkL lng]x?sf] ;+Vof % xhf/ * ;o (% /x]sf] 5 . hasL of] cjwLdf % xhf/ & ;o $) hgfn] dfq} gofF gful/stf agfPsf 5g\ . ! ;o %% hgfn] gofF eGbf k|ltlnkL a9L lnPsf 5g\ . df3 dlxgfdf dfq} ( ;o #( hgfn] gofF gful/stf agfpbFf ( ;o !# hgfn] k|ltlnkL gful/stf lnPsf 5g\ . To:t} # hgfn] gful/stf kl/Tofu u/]sf 5g\ . gful/stf kl/Tofu ug{]x?sf] ;+Vof @! k'u]sf] 5 . gful/stf kl/Tofu u/L u}/ cfjfl;o gful/stf lng]x?sf] ;++Vof df3 dlxgfdf # j6f eP . xfn;Dd @^ hgfn] u}/ cfjfl;o gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . ( j6f gful/stf rfn' jif{df /2 ul/Psf] 5 . clu+s[t gful/stf # hgfn] kfPsf 5g\ . To:t} lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 /fli6«o kl/rokqsf nflu ljj/0f a'emfpg] AolQmx?sf] ;+Vof rfn' jif{sf] & dlxgfdf !! xhf/ ! ;o !^ k'u]sf] 5 . df3 dlxgfdf ! xhf/ # ;o *% hgfn] ljj/0f e/]sf 5g\ . ljj/0f a'emfPsf dWo] & ;o $# hgfn] kl/rokq k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . df3 dlxgfdf $@ hgfn] kl/rokq lnPsf 5g\ . k6s k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ klg gful/sx? kl/rokq lng gcfPsf] k|zf;gn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . /fli6«o kl/rokq ;uF} w]/} ;]jf lng] ;+Vof /fxbfgLdf 5 .

vfBfGg========================= ^$ ln6/ t/n ljiffbL ljqmL x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷@)*) df ljqmL ePsf] tYof+s ljiffbL ljqm]tf Pu|f] e]6x?n] pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ . lhNnfdf hubDaf sf]N8 :6f]/]h kgf}tL !), sfe|] kfFrvfn sf]N8 :6f]/]h ag]kf, knf~rf]s eujtL sf]N8 :6f]/ kfFrvfn / sfkm\n]8L sf]N8 :6f]/]h kfFrvfnn] !$ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g Ifdtfsf] cfn' / t/sf/L e08f/0fsf] Ifdtf /fVb5g\ . ;a}eGbf w]/} kgf}tLsf] hubDafn] $ xhf/ @ ;o d]l6«s 6g cfn' / t/sf/L e08f/0f ub{} cfPsf] 5 . ;a}eGbf sd kfFrvfndf /x]sf] knf~rf]s eujtL sf]N8 :6f]/]hn] @ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g cfn' / :ofp e08f/0f u5{ . :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] k|fyldstfdf kg{' kg{] sf]N8 :6f]/]h lgdf{0fdf Wofg k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . l;hg pTkfbg ePsf t/sf/L tyf cfn'x?sf] e08f/0f u/]/ ckm l;hgdf ljqmL ug{] u/L s[ifsx? cfkm}n] klg ;fgf ;fgf e08f/0fx? lgdf{0f ug{] tof/L u/]sf] eP klg :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] ;xhLs/0f 5}g . lhNnfdf ( j6f ;d'x, ;xsf/L tyf ;+:yfx?n] wfg, ds}, ux'F, cfn' / t/sf/L afnLsf] aLp pTkfbg x'Fb} cfO{/x]sf] 5 . vfBfGgsf] pGgt aLp wfg, ds}, ux'F / t/sf/L bnxgsf] aLp pTkfbg u/L ljqmL x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

d'v hf]t]/ la/f]wsf] z}nLdf cfkm}n] cfkm}nfO{ sf]tb}{ Wofgfsif{0f ul//x]sf 5g\ . l;+xb/af/df dGqLsf] nfOg xflh/ ug{ t5f8 d5f8 ub}{ 5g\ . Gofofno lhpFbf] xf];\ eg]/ k|fy{gf ul//x]sfx¿ jlsnnfO{ kmL a'emfpg g;s]/ km};nf s'l//x]sf 5g\ . sf]xL cg;g, sf]xL Wofgfsif{0f u/fpFb} 5g\ . kf;kf]6{ af]s]/ ;'6s]z u'8fpFb} xjfO{hxfsf] kvf{O{df pbfl;P/ kl/jf/nfO{ ljbfsf xft xNnfO{/x]sf 5g\ . l9nf;':tLn] ljbf kfPsf] 5}g . ;fgfnfO{ P]g 7"nfnfO{ r}g 5Fb}5 eg] ck/fwsf] hfnf]sf] h/f ge]6]/

ljefuLo dGqL cndn 5g\ . h'd|f gl5g]{ Pc/kf]6{df ;'g l5/]s} 5 . ljgf l;kmfl/; gful/stf ag]s} xf] . t}klg To:tfx¿ Ho"Fb} 5g\, clegGbg kfP/ dVv 5g\, zL/ em'08\ofpg' kg]{df d]8n unfdf em'lG8Ps} 5g\ . tSdfn] tvtf ;lhPs} 5 . x/]s If]qdf gSsnL nfO;]G;wf/L ;nanfPs} 5g\ . slt kmGbfdf k/]sf 5g\ slt v'n]cfd lx8]s} 5g\ . t}klg d}n] xf]Og eGb} ;kmfO{ kfPs} 5g\ . k|hftGqsf] d'v'08f] nufP/ ck|hftflGqs ultljlw x'g sxfF 5f8]sf] 5 / Û t}klg xfdL k|hftGq lbj; dgfpg / ;~hfndf kf]i6\ofpg k5fl8 k/]sf 5}gf} . ev{/ lah'nL lklnSs an]sf a:tLx¿df d':sLnn] kmf]gsf] g]6js{ lbFbf v'zL x'g' kl//x]s} 5 . O{G6/g]6 ;'ljwf k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . lr;f] tftf] kfgLsf] Joj:yf x'g] dGqfnodf xf] hgtfsf] 3/df wf/fsf kfO{k k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g eg] z'4 lkpg] kfgLsf] kl/sNkgf k/sf] s'/f xf], ufu|L lsGg] k};f 5}g . l;/s 8:gf lsGg g;Sg] hgtfsf] g]tf P;L cf/fdbfoL sf]7fdf ;lrjfno / cf;]kf;] yGsfPs} 5g\ . b' / b/fhdf ws] N g' kg] { k| h ftGq l;+xb/af/df ylGsP/ a;]sf] 5 . x'g]vfg]sf] uf]hLleq . hltv]/ lemSg ldNg] clg /fVg ldNg] . rfKn';L ug]{ rDr]sf] glhs 6';'Ss a;]sf] 5 k|hftGq . uf]Ko sf]7fleq l;naGbL u/]/ /flvPsf] . t:s/ / sfnf ahf/L clg ck/fwLsf] uf]hLleq sRofss'r'Ss kf/]/ /flvPsf] . ljr/f k|hftGq Û lg:;fl;Psf] 5 . 3fF6L lylrPsf] 5 . slno'udf sfnf] /fd|f] ePsf] 5 . uf]xLsf] cfFz' em} gf}6+sL ug]{sf] sdL 5}g . rkfpg] / b]vfpg] xfQLsf bfFt em}F If0f If0fdf 5]kf/] k|j[lt df}nfPs} 5 . t}klg k|hftGq lbj; dgfpg 5f8]sf 5}gg\ . zlxbsf] dg /f]Psf] 5 . e" l dk' q x¿sf] alnbfgnfO{ ckdfg ul/Psf] 5 . l;4fGt / Jojxf/df ljrng cfPsf] 5 . To;}n] k|hftGqnfO{ k/ x'TofOsf] 5 –k/ hf tGq Û -dbfgL la6 cgnfO{gaf6_

k|ult k|eftsf] #& cf}+ cleefjs lbj; ag]kf÷k|ult k|eft Ps]8]dL ;]s]08/L :s'n ag]kfsf] #& cf}+ cleefjs lbj; lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo O{sfO{ k|d'v b]jsf 9sfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cleefjs lbj;df ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] eg] ljBfyL{x?n] ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf lyP . k| d ' v cltly 9sfnn] jfnsflnsfx?nfO{ ;fg} pd]/df ;+:sf/, cg'zf;g ;Fu} cWoog u/fpg' kg{] atfO{g\ . afnaflnsf sfFrf] df6f] ePsfn] h;/L s'dfn]n] z'?d} df6f]af6 s] agfpg] of]hgf agfpF 5 To;} u/L xfldn] klg afnsflnsfx?nfO{ kl5 s:tf] agfpg] z'?af6 g} ;f]lx cg'';f/sf] ;+:sf/ / lzIff lbg' kg{] atfO{g\ . ljBfnodf dfq} lbPsf] lzIffn] gk'Ug] ePsfn] afnsflnsfx?sf] klxnf] ljBfno 3/ / klxnf] lzIfs cfdfafa' ePsfn] h:tf] ;+:sf/ lbof] p:t} lzIff lng] x'gfn] czn, 1fgL, / plgx?sf] efjgf cg';f/sf] lzIff lbg' kg{] pgn] atfO{g\ . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf] jflif{s k|lta]bg ljBfnosf lgb{]zs tyf lk|lG;kn rGb|k|;fb tfhk'/Lofn] k|:t't u/]sf lyP . tfhk'l/ofn] ljBfnodf z}lIfs ;q @)*) df sIff !@ ;DDf ( ;o () ljBfyL{x?n] cWofkg ul//x]sf], @)&( sf] P;O{O{ k/LIffdf 5fq /

5fqf b'j} tkm{ lhNnf k|yd x'g ;kmn, ljBfnoaf6 cGoq ljleGg sfo{qmddf efu lnO{ k|yd, l4lto x'g ;kmn, ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljz]if 5fqa[lQ k|bfg ul//x]sf] atfP . ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k9fO{ ;Fu} rf}t{lkm{ ljsf;sf] nfuL cf6{, ;+lut, 8fG;, v]ns'b h:tf sIffx? ;+rfng ul/Psf] / ljBfno tyf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;fdflhs ;]jfsf] efjgf hufpg k|To]s a'waf/ ;fdflhs sfo{ ug{] u/]sf], g]t[Tj Ifdtfsf nfuL :sfp6 SofDk, 6«flkms lgod ;DaGwL hgr]tgf, :yfgLo snf ;+:s[ltx?sf] cjnf]sg, xfO{lsª h:tf sfo{x? ub}{ cfPsf] lk|lG;kn rGb|k|;fb tfhk'/Lofn] atfP .

To;}u/L lzIfsx?nfO{ k]zfut Ifdtfsf nfuL tflnd lbb} cfPsf] pgn] atfP . sfo{qmddf KofA;g sfe|]sf cWoIf Zofdaxfb'/ e'h]n, pkfWoIf ;'h]Gb| >]i7, ag]kf KofA;gsf pkfWoIf dx]Gb| lji6 nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtAo lzlIfsf cfs[lt v8\sffn] u/]sL lyO{g . sfo{qmddf Kn] u|'k b]vL P; O={ O{ df plt0f{ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ / ljleGg ljBfdf pTs[i6nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljljw ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj ljBfnosf ;~rfns ;b:o czf]s/Tg zfSon] u/]sf lyP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !(().!).(

:juf{/f]x0f @)*).!!.&

:j= r'8fdl0f x'dfufO{ dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]sf n]vfkfn lzj/fd x'dfufO{sf k"hgLo lktf r'8fdl0f x'dfufOs { f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}F .

#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s !& @)*) kmfu'g !& ut] ljxLjf/

‘cAan’ / ‘pTs[i6’ ;]jf k|jfxdf ‘dlxnf’ sfof{no k|d'v !! j6f sfof{nosf] k|d'vdf dlxnf

Ps} k6s ‘l;l8cf]’ / ‘P;kL’ dlxnf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n lhNnfdf klxnf] k6s Ps} kN6 k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L / k|x/L k|d'vdf dlxnfn] lhDd]jf/L k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . o;cl3 dlxnf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'Fbf k'?if k|x/L k|d'v / dlxnf k|x/L k|d'v x'Fbf k'?if k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L eP klg b'a} kbdf Ps} k6s dlxnf k|d'v ePsf] of] klxnf] xf] . cAan / pTs[i6 ;]jf k|bfgdf dlxnf sfof{no

?b|fb]jL zdf{

k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L

u/]sL l5g\ . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no cw{ Goflos lgsfo klg xf] . pQm sfof{non] x]g{] d'2fx?sf] km5\of{]6df klg k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L zdf{n] hf]8 lbPsL l5g\ . rfn' jif{sf] df3 d;fGt;Dd !# j6f d'2f afFsL /x]sf] eP klg kmfu'g * ut];Ddsf] tYof+sdf ( j6f d'2f rfn' cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . o;cl3 dlxnf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf ?kdf ?kdf x'dsnf kf08] lyO{g\ . x'dsnf kf08]n] klg cfˆgf] sfof{nodf sfof{nonfO{ hUuf k|flKt,

ePsf] ;~hLjgL gd'gf dfWolds ljBfnosf] aflif{sf]T;j sfo{qmddf ;xeflu ePsL lyO{ g \ . pgn] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?sf] ;dGjodf lzIff If]qdf ug{' kg{] ;'wf/ tyf ;xlhs/0fdf s]lGb|t x'g] atfO{g\ . gLlt, sfg" g / ;+ l jwfg cg' ; f/ k| f Kt lhDd]jf/LnfO{ k'/f ug{] k|lta4tf AoQm u/]sL 9sfnn] lgod;+utsf, sfg"g cg';f/sf sfo{x?nfO{ l56f] eGbf l56f]

cfo'j{]b k|lt cfs{if0f tyf ;lx k|of]usf nflu ;r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng eO{/x]sf 5g\ . c:ktfnsf] ;]jf lj:tf/, k"jf{wf/ tyf sfof{no Aoj:yfkgdf ;d]t dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]ln/x]sL k|d'v 8f=jz+jbf sf}l8GGofogLn] lhNnfdf cfo' j { ] b sf af/] d f gful/sx?nfO{ ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z lbg] dxTjk"0f{ cleofg ;+rfng ul//x]sL l5g\ . lhNnfsf cfd gful/sx?nfO{ cfo'j{]b :jf:Yo ;]jfnfO{ hghgdf k'¥ofpg ;lqmo

o'jf hf]z ePsL 8f= l;hf{sf] sfFwdf xflh/ eP nuQ} kz'x?df nlDk l:sg nufotsf] dxfdf/L nufotsf r'gf}tL b]lvP . kz'x?df tTsfn vf]k pknAw u/fpg / cfufdL jif{ To;sf] dxfdf/L x'g glbg, s[ i fsx?nfO{ Aoj;foLs kz' n fkgdf ;xof] u k' ¥ ofpg tyf sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 lbO{g] ;]jfnfO{ kf/bzL{, k|efjsf/L / Aojxf/Ls ?kdf ;xh agfpg ;d]t pgn] dxTjk"0f{ f{n]

oL x'g\ dlxnf k|d'v ePsf sfof{no / lhDd]jf/L

a;'Gw/f v8\sf, P;kL,

b]jsf 9sfn, lzIff ;dGjo clwsf/L

8f= jz+jbf sf}l8GGofogL

8f= l;hf{ jfUn], e]6]l/g/L clws[t

dlgiff rfkfufO{, l8lehg k|d'v

d'gf lg/f}nf, ;+of]hs :jf:Yo ladf af]8{

O{= ;ljgf pk|]tL, k|d'v

pld{nf cfrfo{, k|d'v u'7L ;+:yfg sfe|]

k|x/L k|d'v lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo OsfO{

clws[t lhNnf cfo'j{]b :jf:Yo s]Gb|

kz' ;]jf sfof{no

ePsf] ahf/ cg'udg tyf vfB u'0f:t/ sfod /fVg] cleofgdf ;xhtf ePsf] 5 . pkef]Qmfx?sf] lxtsf nflu dlgiffsf] cu'jfO{df s]lx pBf]ux?sf] cg'udg u/L sf/jfxL klg ePsf] 5 . ljz]ifu/L vfB :jR5tfdf pgsf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ 5 . gful/sx?sf] :jf:Yo ljdfdf ;lqmo e"ldsf lgjf{x ul//x]sL :jf:Yo ladf af]8{ sfe|]df ;+of]hssf ?kdf sfo{/t d'gf lg/f}nfn] lhNnfaf;Lx?sf] ljdfsf nflu ;lqmotf k"j{s sfo{ ul//x]sL l5g\ . klxnf] ljdf u/fpg / bf]>f] ljdf ePsfx?nfO{ ;]jf

clgtf vgfn, hg:jf:Yo clws[t :jf:Yo sfof{no

lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]s

vfB k|ljwL tyf u'0f lgoGq0f l8lehg sfof{no

k|d'vx?sf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ b]lvPsf] 5 . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf ;/sf/L sfof{nox?df s]lx jif{ b]lv dlxnfx?n] g]t[TjbfoL lhDd]jf/L k|fKt ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . klxnf–klxnf kmf§km'§ Ps b'O{j6f sfof{nodf dfq} dlxnfx?n] sfof{no k|d'vsf] lhDd]jf/L kfpg] u/]sf] eP klg kl5Nnf] k6s pQm ;+Vofdf a[l4 ePsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] of] cjwLdf lhNnfsf !! j6f sfof{nodf dlxnfx?n] g]t[Tj ;lxtsf] lhDd]jf/L k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . sd{rf/Lx?sf] k|d'vsf ?kdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{ sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf @)*) efb| !* ut] xflh/ ePsL 5g\ . pgsf] sfo{sfndf gful/sx?nfO{ ;xh ;]jf k|bfg ug{] tyf cfkm\g} ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu sfg"gL ljifonfO{ 6'Ëf]df k'¥ofpg] nufotsf dxTjk"0f{ ultljlwx? ePsf 5g\ . ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lx?sf] dfq} geO{ hgk|ltlglw / gful/sx?nfO{ ;d]t dgf]an pRr agfpFb} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] gful/sx?;Fu k|ToIf cGt{lqmof, cled'lvs/0f, cg'udg tyf k|lzIf0fx? ;+rfng ul//x]sL l5g\ . gful/sx?nfO{ s;/L cAan / pTs[i6 ;]jf k|jfx ug{], zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{], cfTdxTof Go'lgs/0f tyf ck/fwsf] 36gfdf sdL u/fpg] eGg] of]hgf ;lxt k|lhc zdf{n] sfo{ ul//x]sL l5g\ . gful/sx?nfO{ ;xh tl/sfn] lhjg lhpg tyf lg/fzf pTkGg x'g glbg ljleGg lgsfox?n] ug{'kg{] sfo{x?sf af/]df ;d]t k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] pT;fx el//x]sL l5g\ . x/]s ;/sf/L sfof{nodf ;"rgf clwsf/Lsf] clgjfo{ Aoj:yf, plgx?sf] a}7s tyf k|lzIf0fdf ;d]t ;DkGg u/]/ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] gLlh If] q ;F u sf] ;dGjodf ahf/ cg'udgnfO{ lta| agfpFb} gful/sx?nfO{ u'0f:t/Lo ;fdfg k|fKtLdf Wofg s]lGb|t

rfn' d'2fsf] lsgf/f nufpg nljË tyf gful/sx?sf] ;]jf / gful/stf ljqmL ug{] hfnf]nfO{ lg:t]h agfPsL lyO{g\ . x'dsnf @)&* k'if @( b]lv @)&( df3 !! ut];Dd sfo{/t lyO{g\ . pgsf] g]t[Tjdf @)&$ ;fndf tLg txs} lgjf{rg zfgbf/ ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf lyP . ;' / Iff lgsfosf] k| d ' v lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sL ?b|fb]jL zdf{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf x'g] ;ldltsf] k|d'v ;b:o ;d]t /xg] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]df k|d'vsf ?kdf P;kL a;'Gw/f v8\sf a'waf/ xflh/ ePsL l5g\ . pgsf] ;?jf ;ftf cl3 dfq} ePsf] xf] . efUo]Gb| k'?if 9sfnsf] cfO{taf/ ljbfO{ kl5 pgL lhNnfdf a'waf/ xflh/ ePsL x'g\ . o;cl3 lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]df dlxnf k|d'vsf ?kdf P;kLåo k'hf l;+x / lutf pk|]tLn] ;kmtnfk"j{s g]t[Tj ;Dxfln;s]sf 5g\ . P;kL v8\sfn] k|x/L clws[tx?df /fd|f] 5jL agfPsL l5g\ . lhDd]jf/Ldf /xFb} ljleGg d'n'sdf pgn] cfkm\gf] Ifdtf k|b{zg ul/;s]sL l5g\ .

P;kL v8\sfn] pkTosf;Fu hf]l8Psf] sfe| ] k nf~rf] s lhNnf k| d ' v b' O { /fhdfu{sf cnfjf l5d]sL lhNnfx?af6 ;d]t ck/fw sfo{df ;+nUg AolQmx?sf] d'Vo uGtAosf ?kdf /xg] ePsfn] zflGt ;'/Iffdf x'g ;Sg] r'gf}tLnfO{ ;xh} kf/ ug{' kg{] 5 . @)*) df3 !% ut] lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo OsfO{df k|d'vsf ?kdf b]jsf 9sfn xflh/ ePsL l5g\ . o;cl3sf sfof{no k|d'v / lhNnf ;dGjo k|d'v lbkss'df/ uf}td aLrsf] c;dembf/L kl5 pgnfO{ dGqfnon] tfg]sf] lyof] . To; nuQ} ;?jf eP/ sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf xflh/ ePsL b]jsf 9sfnsf ;fd' s]lx r'gf}tL 5g\ . t/ klg ;xh ?kdf r'gf}tL kf/ ug{] u/L sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] pgn] atfO{g\ . xflh/ eP nuQ} pgL lhNnfsf] gd'gf / w]/} ljBfyL{

k|x/L pkl/Ifs a;'Gw/f v8\sfn] elgg\ …lhDd]jf/L / bfloTj ;Demg] 5'Ú w' l nv] n ÷k| x /L pkl/Ifs a;'Gw/f v8\sfn] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf k|x/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn] nuQ} lhNnfsf ;+rf/sdL{x?;Fu lhNnfsf] ef}uf]lns cj:yf cg';f/ ;'/Iff r'gf}tL, gful/sx?sf ck]Iffdf k|x/Ln] v]Ng' kg{] e"ldsf tyf cfufdL lbgdf k|x/Lsf ultljwL gful/sd}qL agfpg k|x/Ln] ul//x]sf ultljwLdf Nofpg' kg{] ;'wf/ ;lxtsf ;du| ljifodf kl/rofTds sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sL l5g\ . …dfG5]x?sf dgnfO{ ;dfh;Fu hf]8\b} :j+od AolQmnfO{ kl/jt{g u/L cfTdxTof Go"lgs/0fsf] k|of; ul/g]5Ú–k|x/L pkl/Ifs a;'Gw/f v8\sfn] elgg–…lhNnfsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts cj:yfnfO{ dWogh/ ub{} x/]s gful/snfO{ ;'/lIft, :jtGq / eo /lxt jftfj/0fdf /x]sf] cg'e'lt u/fpg] u/L sfo{ ul/g]5 .Ú dlxnf ePs}n] dfG5]x?;Fu d, dlxnf, dg / dflg;sf ?kdf dfq} Aojxf/ gx'g] atfpFb} k|x/L pkl/Ifs v8\sfn] x/]s dfG5]x?sf] efjgfsf] sb/ ug{] k|ltj4tf AoQm ul/g\ . pkTosf;Fu hf]l8Psf] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ljs6tfsf lx;fjn] klg w] / } ljs6, ljleGg lhNnf;Fusf] l;dfgf clg /fli6«o / cGt{/fli6«o :t/sf /fhdfu{, ;xfos dfu{ / ljleGg ;8sdf x'g] b'3{6gf Go"lgs/0f ug{ ePsf] >f]t ;fwgnfO{ clwstd k|efjsf/L agfO{g] pgn] atfO{g\ . …cfTdxTof Go'lgs/0f, nfu' cf}ifwsf] k|of]u, cfoft tyf lgof{t lgoGq0f, ;8s b'3{6gf Go"lgs/0fdf gljgtd

cjwf/0ff NofO{g]5Ú–k|x/L pkl/Ifs a;'Gw/f v8\sfn] elgg–…gful/sx?sf] u'gf;f] tTsfn ;Daf]wg x'g]5 . km/f/ ck/fwLx? kqmfpsf] ljz]if cleofg ;+rfng ul/g] 5 . ljlQo If]qsf] ck/fw / cg';GwfgnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /flvg]5 .Ú ljlQo If]qsf ck/fw, ljB'lQo ck/fwsf] cg';GwfgnfO{ k|ljwLd}qL hgzlQm kl/rfng ul/g] k|x/L pkl/Ifs v8\sfn] atfO{g\ . lhNnfsf ljsf; lgdf{0fdf cfjZostf cg';f/ zflGt ;'/Iff ;lxtsf] ;dGjo sfod ug{] atfpFb} k|x/L pkl/Ifs v8\sfn] elgg–…dlxnf eGbf klg k|x/L k|d'vsf ?kdf lhDd]jf/ / u'0f:t/Lo ;]jfnfO{ ck]Iffs[t ;]jf k|bfgsf nflu clwstd kxn ul/g]5 .Ú gful/sx?nfO{ k| x /L pkl/Ifs v8\ s fn] ;" r gf / ;dGjosf nflu cg'/f]w ub{} cg'[;Gwfg eO{/x]sf k'/fgf 36gfx?sf] cg';Gwfg ul/g] atfO{g\ .

;Sg] atfO{g\ . lhNnf cfo'j{]b :jf:Yo s]Gb| sfe|]knf~rf]sdf @)&( c;f]h ( ut] b]lv 8f=jz+jbf sf}l8GGofogL sfo{/t l5g\ . pgsf] g]t[Tjdf lhNnfdf cfo'j{]bsf ljleGg k|lzIf0f tyf gful/sx?nfO{

8f=sf} l 8GGofogLn] x/] s gful/s cfo'j{]baf6 :j:y /xg clkn ub{} cfPsL l5g\ . kz' ;]jf sfof{no sfe|]df @)*) ebf} # ut] b]lv 8f=l;hf{ jfUn] e]6]l/g/L clws[tsf ?kdf sfo{/t l5g\ .

ag]kf lgi6df lj1fg k|bz{gL k|ltof]lutf ag]kf÷ag]kf lgi6 dfWolds ljBfnon] lj1fg k|bz{gL @)*) k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . ;fO{G; Sna ckm ljBfyL{ sfplG;nn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] pQm k|ltof]lutfdf @@ j6f k|f]h]S6x? ;dfj]z u/]sf] lyof] . k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd :yfg Path following Robot (Moye Moye Car)

k|f]h]S6n] xfl;n u/]sf] 5 . h;df l;4fGt ltdlN;gf, ;ljg ltdlN;gf / l/d]z >]i7 ;xefuL lyP . To;}u/L Mobile control Car k|f]h]S6 bf]>f] x'g ;kmn ePsf] 5 . h;df k|;'g l;kvfg, d[b'n ltdlN;gf / ljjT;' cof{n ;xefuL lyP . k|ltof]lutfsf] t];|f] :yfg River Cleaning Boat / Haemodialysis k|f]h]S6 ePsf 5g\ . h;df River Cleaning Boat cGtu{t k'hg yfkf, cKof{h /fpt / lgs]z >]i7 ;xefuL ePsf lyP . Haemodialysis df cfO{;f ;}+h" / cfofd >]i7 ;xefuL lyP . k|ltof]lutfsf] ;fGTjgf k|fKt ug{ ;kmn Fire Detector and Fire Extinguisher / Home Laser Security System /x]sf] 5 . h;df Fire Detector and Fire Extinguisher df ;lrg ltjf/L, ;fhg l3ld/] / ljho nfdf ;xefuL lyP eg]

Home Laser Security System df gf/fo0f clwsf/L, ;'lbk yfkf / ;d[4 e§n] ;xefuLtf hgfPsf lyP . ljBfnon] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k9fO{df dfq} geO{ kl9;s]sf s'/fx?nfO{ k|of]ufTds ?kdf l;sfpFb} cfPsf] lk|lG;kn lbks e§n] hfgsf/L lbP . ljBfnon] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;'rgf k|ljlw kl/of]hgf k|b{zgL, sljtf n]vg tyf jfrg k|ltof]lutf, g[To k|ltof]lutf h:tf ljleGg k|of]ufTds lzIff lbb} cfPsf] e§n] atfP . u'0f:t/Lo lzIff;Fu} plgx?sf] Ifdtf k|bz{g,

kgf}tL hnljB't s]Gb|

Aoaxfl/s, ;fdflhs, g}lts / ;+:sf/o'Qm lzIff k|bfg ug{' g} lgi6sf] p2]Zo /x]sf] e§sf] egfO{ /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf k|zf;g k|d'v k'0ok|;fb s§]nn] ljBfnodf sIff !! / !@ df lj1fg, Aoa:yfkg, sfg'g ljifo, :gfts txdf ljP;l;= l;P;=cfO{6L, ljcfO{ Pd, ljl;P, nufotsf ljifox? cWofkg e}O{/x]sf] atfP . ljBfnon] ;do ;dodf cleefasx? ;Fu 5nkmn u/L ljBfyL{x?sf] k9fO{sf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpFb} cfPsf] atfP .

e"ldsf v]lng . 8f= l;hf{n] cfˆg} kxndf :yfgLo txdf sfo{ / t k|fljlwsx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4 ug{ ;+3 / k|b]z ;/sf/;Fusf] ;dGjodf tflnd tyf ljleGg Ifdtfd'ns sfo{x? ;+rfng u/]sL l5g\ . To:t} :yfgLo tx;F u sf] ;dGjodf kz' k + I fLsf] ljsf;sf nflu of]hgfx? lgdf{0f ug{ ;xlhs/0f ul//x]sL l5g\ . lhNnfdf cfof]hgf ePsf] a[xQ s[lif dxf]T;jdf ;d]t pgn] ;lqmo e"ldsf v]lng\ . h;sf sf/0f lhNnfsf kz'kfns s[ifsx?n] pTkfbg u/]sf ;fdfu|Lsf] k| b { z g tyf ljsl;t k| l jwL;F u hf]l8Psf ;fdfu|Lx?sf] ;xh k|b{zg x'g ;Sof] . o; cl3 klg lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no x'Fbf 8f=;Demgfs'df/L sfˆn] sfof{no k|d'vsf ?kdf sfo{/t lyO{g\ . :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]sdf hg:jf:Yo clws[t clgtf vgfn lgldQ k|d'vsf ?kdf sfo{/t l5g\ . @)*) c;f]h @# ut] b]lv vgfn lgldQ sfof{no k|d'vsf] ?kdf sfo{/t l5g\ . lgldQ eP klg pgn] lhNnfsf ljleGg cleofgdf ;lqmotfk"j{s ;xeflutf ;lxtsf] g]t[Tj u/]sL l5g\ . /fli6«o cleofgsf sfo{qmd tyf :yfgLo tx;Fusf ;dGjodf klg pgsf] e"ldsf ;lqmo 5 . :jf:Yo sfof{nodf (÷!) cf} txsf] sfof{no k|d'v /xg] b/aGbL eP klg nfdf] ;do b]lv pQm kb l/Qm eO{ ;ftf}÷cf7f} txsL hg:jf:Yo clws[t clgtf vgfn sfof{no k|d'v l5g\ . :Jff:Yo sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] tYof+s clws[t kb klg l/Qm 5 . lhNnfdf /x]sf] vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f l8lehg sfof{nodf sfe|] ag]kf lgjf;L dlgiff rfkfufO{ sfof{no k|d'vsf ?kdf sfo{/t l5g\ . ljut Ps jif{ b]lv dlgiff ;f]lx kbdf sfo{/t l5g\ . pgsf] cu'jfdfO{ lhNnfdf

rl08sf sfkm\n], k|d'v /fli6«o ljdf sDkgL lnld6]8

;xhtfdf pgsf] e"ldsf ;lqmotf 5 . !# j6} kflnsf tyf ;]jf s]Gb| dfkm{t k|bfg x'g] ;] j fu| f lxx?nfO{ ;xhtf k| b fg ug{ lg/f}nfsf] ;lqmotfn] gful/sx?nfO{ yk ;xhtf ePsf] 5 . w'lnv]n c:ktfn nufotsf :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?df ;]jfnfO{ ;xhtf k|bfg ug{ lg/f}nfn] ;lqmo e"ldsf v]ln/x]sL l5g\ . ljdf ;xhstf{sf] kl/rfng, cgnfO{g ;]jf tyf c:ktfnx?df pknAw x'g] ;]jfnfO{ r':t / b'?:t agfpg pgsf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ 5 . u'7L ;+:yfg sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]s, kgf}tL hnljB'Q s]Gb| /fli6«o aLdf ;+:yfg ag]kfdf klg dlxnf sfof{no k|d'vsf ?kdf sfo{/t 5g\ . kgf}tL hnljB'Q s]Gb|df ;ljgf pk|]lt @)&( k'if @% ut] b]lv sfo{/t l5g\ . g]kfns} bf]>f] hnljB'Q s]Gb|sf ?kdf lrlgPsf] vf]kf;L s]Gb|sf] b'O{j6f 6g{jfO{g dWo] Pp6f dfq} ;+rfngdf 5 . kfgLsf] jxfj sd ePsf sf/0f Pp6f 6jf{Og klg b}lgs $÷% 306f dfq} rNg] u/]sf] 5 . pgsf] g]t[Tjdf hnljB'Q u[xdf ;'wf/sf cEof;x? ePsf] pgn] atfO{g\ .

To:t} u'7L ;+:yfgdf pld{nf cfrfo{ sfof{no k|d'vsf ?kdf sfo{/t l5g\ . plgx? b'a}sf] e"ldsf / ;]jf k|jfxdf gful/sn] k|Zg p7fPsf 5}gg\ . ;xh / ;/n ;]jf plgx?sf] k|fyldstfdf /x]sf] 5 . lhNnfdf u'7Lsf] ;d:of w]/} 5 . ;d:ofx?nfO{ gful/ssf ck]Iff cg';f/ g} km'sfpg] k|oTgsf ;fy sfo{ eO{/x]sf] pgn] atfO{g\ . cfrfo{ sl/a Ps jif{ b]lv lhNnfdf sfo{/t l5g\ . /fli6«o ljdf sDkgL lnld6]8 sfe|]df sfof{no k|d'vsf ?kdf @)&( sflt{s @) ut] b]lv rl08sf sfkm\n] sfo{/t l5g\ . gful/sx?nfO{ lghL{jg aLdf dfkm{t ;]jf k|bfg ug{] sfo{df plg lg/Gt/ ;lqmo l5g\ . /fli6«o ljdf ;+:yfgn] hLjg ljdf / lglh{jg ljdfsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{ sDkgL dfkm{t lglh{jg ;]jf k|bfg ub{} cfPsf] 5 .

sfe|] alx/f :s'nsf] @* cf}+ jflif{sf]T;j ag]kf÷lhNnfd} Ps dfq ljBfno /x]sf] sfe|] alx/f dfWolds ljBfnosf] @* cf} jflif{s pT;j tyf cleefas lbj; ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSosf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . k|d'v cltyL zfSon] gu/df 5'§} lsl;dsf] ljBfno /x]sf] x'Fbf ljz]if ?kdf x] l /Psf] atfP . …alx/f afnaflnsfx?sf] pHHjn eljiosf] nflu ;a}n] If]qaf6 ;xof]u ug{'k5{Ú– gu/ k|d'v zfSon] eg]–…alx/fx?sf] ljrf/ efjgf a'em\g ;lsof]; eg]/ gu/kflnsfn] ;f+s]lts efiffsf] tflnd, plgx?sf] l;k ljsf; / cfTdlge{/sf ljleGg tflndx? k|bfg ub{} cfPsf] 5 .Ú alx/f ljBfyL{x?sf] Ifdtf / bIftf a[l4 ug{ tyf ljleGg lsl;dsf tflnd Ifdtf cg';f/ k|bfg u/]sf] / plgx?n] pTkfbg u/]sf ;fdfu|Lx? gu/kflnsfn] vl/b ug{] atfP . afnaflnsfx? sfg g;'Gg] ePsf] x'Fb plgx?sf] lzIffsf nfuL gu/kflnsfaf6 ug{'kg{] ;Dk'0f{ ;xof]u /xg] gu/ k|d'v

zfSon] k|lta4tf AoQm u/] . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf] jflif{s k|lta]bg k|wfgfWofks s[i0fKof/L gsdL{n] k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g\ . gs{dL{n] ;ft hgfaf6 z'? ePsf] ljBfnodf lhNnfe/ / cGo lhNnfsf ;d]t u/L z}lIfs ;q @)*) ;Dd cfO{k'Ubf *& hgf ljBfyL{x?n] cWoog ul//x]sf] atfO{g\ . pgn] z'?df alx/f afnaflnsfx?nfO{ k9fpg w]/} b'Mv si6 Aoxf]g{' k/]sf] atfO{g\ . lg/Gt/sf] cEof; / k|of; kl5 clxn] w]/} ;xh tl/sfn] plgx?nfO{ cWofkg u/fO{/x]sf]

pgn] atfO{g\ . sfo{qmddf gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f bfxfn, lzIff ;dGjo O{sfO{ k|d'v b]jsf 9sfn, nufPtn] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ljBfnon] cfof]hgf u/]sf] v]ns"b ;Ktfxdf pTs[i6 x'g] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ / ljBfno :yfkgf ubf{ ;xof]u ug{] w'|j{ tvfF+5]nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ljBfnosf lzIfs cleefjs ;3+sf cWoIf /fhs'df/ rf}nfufO{sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

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sfe|]df z'? eof] bfb'/f–?a]nf vf]k cleofg

lhNnfdf /x]sf ( dlxgf b]lv % jif{ d'lgsf @# xhf/ ( ;o %( afnaflnsfx?nfO{ vf]k nufO{g]

wl'nvn ] ÷bfb/'f ?jn ] f /fu] lj?4sf] vfk] cleofg sfek]|nf~rfs ] lhNnfdf wl'nvn ] gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ l:yt ;dG'gt kf7zfnfaf6 z? ' ePsf] 5 . lhNnf vfk] ;dGjo ;ldlt sfes ]| f ;o+fh ] s Pj+ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfes ]| f kd|v ' lbkssd'f/ uft}dn] vfk]sf] ze'f/De u/s ] f xg'\ . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ;dGjo k|d'v uf}tdn] lhNnfsf tf]lsPsf pd]/ ;d'xsf ;a} afnaflnsfx?n] vf]k kfpg] u/L Aoj:yfkg ul/Psf] atfP . @# xhf/ ( ;o %( afnaflnsfx? ( dlxgf b]lv % jif{ d'gL pd]/ ;d'xsf 5g\ . plgx?sf nflu :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]s dfkm{t !# j6} kflnsfsf :jf:Yo zfvfx?n] $ ;o #) j6f s]Gb|df * ;o ^) hgf :j+d;]jsx?n] vf]k nufpg] 5g\ . :jf:Yo sfof{no k|d'v clgtf vgfnn] lhNnfdf kmfu'g !# b]lv @% ut];Dd b'O{ r/0fdf vf]k cleofg ;+rfng x'g] atfO{g\ . klxnf] r/0fdf w'lnv]naf6 z'? ePsf] cleofg @% ut];Dd lhNnfsf ;a} afnaflnsfx?nfO{ nufO{ ;Sg] u/L of]hgf ul/Psf] pgn] atfO{g\ .

…of] lgoldt vf]ksf] cltl/Qm vf]k cleofg xf]Ú–:jf:Yo sfof{no k|d'v clgtf vgfnn] elgg–…afnaflnsfx?nfO{ bfb'/f ?j]nf h:tf] k|f0f3fts ;?jf /f]uaf6 ;+qmd0f x'g glbg, lzz' / afn d[To'b/ sd ug{ tyf ljZjd} g]kfnaf6 bfb'/f ?j]nf /f]u @)@^ ;Dd cGTo ug{] u/L ;a} afnaflnsfx?nfO{ g5'6fO{sg vf]k cleofg ;+rfng ug{] u/L Aoj:yfkg ul/Psf] 5 .Ú sfo{ q mddf k| d ' v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] /fli6«o cleofgdf sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf ;a} afnaflnsfx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] cj;/nfO{ sf]lx klg afnaflnsfx? g5'6\g] u/L vf]k sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ lgb{]zg lbO{g\ . vf]k cleofgsf] lg/Gt/ cg'dug, ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug{] atfpFb} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] lhNnfsf @# xhf/ ( ;o %( afnaflnsfx?df zt k|ltzt vf]k nufpg cg'/f]w ul/g\ . sfo{qmddf j8f gDj/ $ sf cWoIf pQd ltdlN;gf, kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf alb|/fh ltdlN;gf, w'lnv]n :jf:Yo zfvf k|d'v ;lGbk s];L

nufotn] vf]k cleofgsf af/]df wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ l:yt :jf:Yo s]Gb| k|d'v x]df ;+ u | f } n fn] cleofgsf qmddf ;a} afnaflnsfx?nfO{ vf]h]/ vf]k nufpg] atfpFb} vf]kaf6 pTkGg x'g ;Sg] ;Defljt hf]lvdsf] ;d]t Aoj:yfkg ul/Psf] atfO{g\ . ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gsf k|ltlglw 8f= ?k]z ltdlN;gf nufot ljz]if1 8fS6/x? lbks 9sfn, ;fg's[i0f >]i7, ;fdgf zdf{sf] 6f]nLn] vf]ksf] lgoldt cg'udg ug{]5 . :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]sf vf]k zfvf k|d'v kbd/fh s}gLn] ;a} s]Gb|x?df vf]k ;fdfu|L ;dod} k'Ug] u/L Aoj:yfkg ul/;lsPsf] atfP . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] @ xhf/ @* afnaflnsfx?sf nflu vf]k sfo{qmd

w'lnv]n c:ktfndf :tg SofG;/ ;DjGwL

k"0f{ :jf:Yosf] lj1fg sfo{qmd

bf]>f] cGt{/fli6«o ;Dd]ng

ljsf; ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n :tg SofG;/ ;DaGwL w'lnv]n c:ktfndf tLg lbg] bf]>f] cGt{/fli6«o ;Dd]ng z'? ePsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g +k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] u/]sL 5g\ . …g]kfndf SofG;/af6 ;+qmd0f u/]sf lj/fdLx? dWo] :tg SofG;/sf lj/fdL bf]>f] ;'rLdf 5g\Ú–k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] elgg–…r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd, cleofg, ;r]tgfsf nflu tLg txs} ;/sf/ / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?sf] ;lqmotf cfjZos 5 .Ú ljBfno :t/df afnaflnsfx?nfO{ SofG;/ /f]usf af/]df dfq} geO{ ljz]ifu/L aflnsfx?nfO{ :tg SofG;/sf af/]df ;r]t u/fpg' h?/L /x]sf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] atfO{g\ . c:ktfnsf ;+:yfks tyf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs k|f=8f=/fds07 dfsh' >]i7n] c:ktfn;Dd lj/fdL cfpg] eGbf lj/fdL ePsf :yfgdf c:ktfn / lrlsT;s ;lxtsf] ;]jf k'Ug] u/L w'lnv]n c:ktfnn] x/]s ;]jfnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo / k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] atfP . …w'lnv]n c:ktfndf ljleGg ;]jfx? u'0f:t/Lo 5g\ . cem} :tg SofG;/ ;DjGwL pkrf/, kl/If0f, klxrfgsf af/]df

lrlsT;sx?n] ljz]if 9+un] k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] 5Ú– k|f=8f /fds07 dfsh'n] eg]–…:tg SofG;/ x'g} glbg ;d'bfodf ;r]tgf km}nfpg' cfhsf] r'gf}tL / cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 .Ú AolQsf] pd]/ a9\b} hfFbf SofG;/sf ljleGg 36gfx? j[l4sf] ;fdgf ul//xg' k/]sf] atfpFb} lrlsT;sx?n] g]kfn Ps ljsf;f]Gd'v /fi6« ePsfn] oxfF :tg SofG;/ dlxnfx?df bf]>f] ;a} eGbf 3fts /f]usf] ?kdf /x]sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . pQm /f]usf af/]df 5nkmn / g]kfndf :tg SofG;/sf nflu r'gf}tLx? dfly k|sfz kfg]{, hgr]tgf clej[l2 ug]{ / k|efjsf/L /f]syfdsf /0fgLltx? vf]Hg'kg]{ cfjZostf cf}Nofpg pQm ;Dd]ng cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf]

;+rfng ug{] tof/Lsf nflu cled'lvs/0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] :jf:Yo zfvf ;x ;+of]hs ;/f]h yfkfn] hfgsf/L lbP . bfb'/f ?a]nf vf]kaf6 s]lx jif{ cl3;Dd w]/} afnaflnsfx?sf] lgwg x'g] u/]sf] atfpFb} :jf:Yo zfvf k|d'v ;lGbk s];Ln] Ps hgfnfO{ nfu]sf] bfb'/f ?j]nf vf]kaf6 !* hgfnfO{ ;g{] /f]u lgoGq0f / Aoj:yfkgsf nflu vf]k clgjfo{ ePsf] atfP . :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]sf k|d'v clgtf vgfnn] o;cl3 lgoldt vf]k nufO{;s]sf ;a} afnaflnsfx?nfO{ klg cleofgsf] vf]k nufpg cg'/f]w ul/g\ . cleofgsf qmddf ;d'Ggt kf7zfnfdf cWoog ug{] afnaflnsfx?nfO{ vf]k nufO{Psf] 5 .

cfof]hgfdf kmfNu'0f !%, !^ / !& ut];Dd cGt{/fli6«o :t/sf] bf]>f] :tg SofG;/ ;DjGwL ;Dd]ngn] gofF gofF /f]u / To;sf] ljsf;qmddf lrlsT;sx?sf] e"ldsf tyf gful/sx?nfO{ lbg' kg{] ;]jf / pkrf/ k2tLsf ;Gb{edf ;d]t Ps cfk;df 5nkmn x'g] cfof]hsn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf 8f=/d]z dfsh', 8f=an/fd dNn, :tg SofG;/ ;+:yfsf 8f=o1/Tg zfSo / 8f=ljgo >]i7, hd{gaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug{] ljz]if1 8f=df]l/6h >f]j/, 8f= ;Demgf a:g]t nufotn] g]kfndf :tg SofG;/sf ;d:of, ;dfwfgsf pkfo / c:ktfnsf] e"ldsfsf af/]df wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP .

ag]kf÷hLjg lj1fg lhNnf kl/ifb\ sfe|]sf] cfof]hgf tyf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] ;xsfo{ ;~rflnt k"0f{ :jf:Yosf] lj1fg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf efg' u'?b]j jf0fL k|jrg cfkm} leq v';L vf]hf}F, ljj]sxLg gsf/fTds ;f]r ePsf]n] t c¿nfO{ ;w}F kL8f lbP/ cfkm" v';Lsf] dHhf lng vf]H5 . t/ Tof] Ifl0fs xf], cGt t p ;w}Fsf] b'Mvsf] af6f] klxNofpF5 p;n] c¿nfO{ lbPsf] lk8fn] p;}nfO{ kf]N5 . k"0f{ :jf:Yosf] lj1fgaf6 pmh{f e/f}F . dfgj hLjgdf :jf:Yo, ;'v, ;fx;, k|]d, 1fg, Wofg / k/d cfgGbsf] d"n ;|f]t g} rqmx? x'g] u'?n] k|jrg lbPsf lyP . pQm 1fgaw{s, hLjgdf pkof]uL, pknAwL d'nsk"0f{ :jf:Yo lj1fg sfo{qmddf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSosf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . k|d'v cltyL zfSon] o:tf k|jrg ;a}n] dgg ug{'kg{] atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf ljleGg If]qsf a'l4hLjL, >dhLjL, lzIfs, s[ifs, Aofkf/L, ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yf / ;d'bfosf JolQmTjx¿sf] ;xefuL /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj lhNnf kl/ifb\ sfe|]sf ;+of]hs ?kf lje"ltn] u/]sf lyP eg] :jfut dGtAo /fd uf]kfn ltjf/Ln] /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmd sNof0f ldq bLIff yfkfn] ;~rfng u/]sf lyP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !((*.!!.*

dxfef/t ;8s lgdf{0fsf nflu clGtd k6s ;Demf}tf w'lnv]n÷k6s–k6s ylkPsf] Dofb ;lsg s]lx dlxgf dfq} afFsL x'Fbf;Dd lgdf{0f sfo{ lrQa'em\bf] geP kl5 ufpFkflnsf, k"jf{wf/ sfof{no / lgdf{0f Aoj;foL aLr !) a'Fb] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . lkËynL /hjf; rf/lsNnf b]lj6f/ 3lt{ 5 fk uf] s ' n ] ;8s cfof] h gf cGt{utsf] ltgv'§] b]lj6f/ ;8s v08 lgdf{0f sfo{ ;Sg ufpFkflnsf cWoIf, pkfWoIf, k' j f{ w f/ sfof{no / lgdf{0f Aoj;foL aLr clGtd k6s !) a'Fb] ;Demf}tf ePsf] xf] . @)*) df3 @* ut] cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷)&& b]lv lgdf{0fflwg pQm ;8s v08sf] lgdf{ 0 f sfo{nfO{ u'0f:t/Lo ?kdf tf] l sPsf] Dofbleq ;DkGg ug{sf nflu k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfof{no sfe| ] s f k| d ' v l;=l8=O{ /fh' > ] i 7 s f ] cWoIftfdf ufpFkflnsf c W o I f sfG5fnfn lhDaf / pkfWoIf ;fu/ df] Q mfgsf] ljz] i f cfltYotfdf lgdf{0f Aoj;foL ;Ifd h]=eL=sf k|ltlgwL ;ld/ v8\sfn] l56f], 5l/tf] / u'0f:t/Lo lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpg !) a'Fb] k|ltj4tf kqdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . k|lta4tfdf ;Dk"0f{ lgdf{0f sfo{ o;} rfn' cfly{s jif{df ;DkGg ug{] pNn]v 5 . To:t} w'n'vf]ksf] klxnf] ckm\7\of/f] v08sf af/]df k|fljlws sfof{nosf k|fljlws tyf yk ;dGjo u/L sfo{ ug{], sNe6{sf] sfo{ r}q !) ut] leq ;DkGg ug{], ^ lsdL ;8ssf] a]; /fVg] sfo{ kmfu'g !! ut] b]lv ;"rf? ug{], kmfu'g & ut] b]lv bf]>f] ckm\7\of/f] 7fpFdf sl6ª sfo{ z'? ug{], lgdf{0f :yndf & lbg leq cfO{lk;Lsf] e'QmfgL lnP/ ;fO{8df cfjZos kg{] ;a} k|sf/sf d]lzg tyf cf}hf/ / cfjZos hgzlQm n}hfg] pNn]v 5 . lgdf{0f :yndf cfjZos kg{] lgdf{0fhGo ;fdfu|L cefj x'g glbg 9'+uf, afn'jf, pTvgg, ljqmL tfy Aoj:yfkg ;DjGwL dfkb08 @)&& adf]lhd ug{] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . lgdf{0f Aoj;foLsf] nfk{jflxsf sf/0f dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf x'Fb} ljleGg :yfgdf k'Ug] ;8s cnkq k/]sf] lyof] . @)&( c;f/ d;fGt;Dd cjwL /x]sf] lgdf{0f sDkgLn] cnkq

;8s lgdf{0f ug{ yk ;do kfPsf] eP klg pQm ;do leq klg lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg gu/] kl5 !) a'Fb] ;xdlt ug{ afWo ePsf] ufpFkflnsf cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDafn] atfP . pQm ;8s cnkq x'Fbf jiff{tsf] ;do * dlxgf ;8s cj?4 x'g k'Uof] . ;8s km/flsnf] agfpFb} sfnf]kq] ;Dd ug{] lhDd]jf/L k|fKt u/]sf] >]i7 ;Ifd h]eL sDkgLsf] cfn6fnsf sf/0f gful/sx?n] b'v kfpg afWo ePsf 5g\ .

8fF8fkf/Lsf gful/sx?sf] ;jf/L ;fwg r9]/ uGtAo k'Ug] ;kgf l g d f { 0 f Aoj;foLsf] l9nf;'l:tsf sf/0f t'iff/fkft x'g yfn]sf] 5 . @)&& c;f]h @) u t ] e A o tfdemfdsf ;fy afudtL k| b ] z sf dGqL /fd]Zj/ km'Fofnn] ltgv'§]df z'ef/De ug{' ePsf] d+unaf6/–rf/lsNn f–ltgv'§]–agv' ;8s lznfGof; u/]sf lyP . ;8s ;Dks{ g} geP/ ljs6 dflgb} cfPsf] d x f e f / t ufpF k flnsfsf] ltgv'§] b]jL6f/ ;8s v08sf] *=& lsnf]ld6/ ;8s sfnf]kq] ug{] u/L $( s/f]8 /sd ljlgof]hg ePsf] lyof] . $( s/f]8 dWo] @% s/f]8 *@ nfv !) xhf/ # ;o !^ ?k}ofF vr{ ug]{ u/L @)&( c;f/ #) ut] leq ;DkGg ug]{ u/L @)&& c;f/ #) ut] ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f]lx ;8ssf] lzNofGof; @)&& c;f]h @) ul/Psf] lyof] . ltgv'§] b]jL6f/ ;8s v08df ;8s :t/f]GgtL cGt{ut gfnL lgdf{0f, l/6]lgË jfn, UoflaË jfn, shj], sNe6{ nufotsf ;+/rgf ;uF} #) PdPdsf] sfnf]kq] ul/g]5 . kfj{tL, vfgL / agv' vf]nfdf b'O{j6f klSs k'n lgdf{0fsf nflu z'? ePsf] sfd klg cnkq k/]sf] 5 . dxfef/t k'Ug] lkGynL /hjf; ltgv'§] b]jL6f/ 3lt{5fk uf]s'n] ;8s cfof]hgfsf] afs F L ;8s sfnf]kq] ug{, l;kfnL a'9fvfgL agv' ;8ssf] :t/f]GgtLsf nflu ah]6 Aoj:yf ug{, tf/fv;] /Hh]8F8f uf]s'n] ;8s cfof]hgf, /fªrf jgv' 3lt{5fk uf]s'n] tfN9'+Ëf ldNr] ;8s :t/f]GgtL ug{, kfj{tLvf]nf, vfgLvf]nf / ltgv'§} vf]nf k'n lgdf{0f ug{ / agv'vf]nf k'n, b]lj6f/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu afudtL k|b]z ;/sf/n] ah]6 Aoj:yfkg u/]sf] cWoIf lhDafn] atfP . afudtL k|b]z ;/sf/n] pQm ;8snfO{ hgd'lQm dfu{sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{] u/L sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] 5 .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

:juf{/f]x0f @)*).!!.(

hGd !(().!).(

:juf{/f]x0f @)*).!!.&

:j= ld>L /fhj+zL xfd|f cfTdLo ldq ;Gtf]if /fhj+zLsf] ddtfdoL dftf ld>L /fhj+zLsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}F .

cfhfb dfWolds ljBfno @)$# ;d"x kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM !(($

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*).!!.&

:j= r'8fdl0f x'dfufO{ dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]df sfo{/t n]vfkfn lzj/fd x'dfufO{sf k"hgLo lktf r'8fdl0f x'dfufOs { f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}F .

dfnkf]t sfof{no kl/jf/, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM !((*.!!.*

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*).!!.(

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @)!#.&.!%

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*).!!.^

:j= rGb|dfof >]i7

:j= ld>L /fhj+zL

:j= u+ufb]jL >]i7

g]kfn cl86;{ Pzf]l;P;g sfe|]sf cWoIf ch{'gbf; >]i7sf] ddtfdoL dftf rGb|dfof >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}F .

o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;+rfns ;b:o ;fGtgf /fhj+zLsf] ddtfdoL dftf ld>L /fhj+zLsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}F .

ab|Lk|;fb knf~rf]s]

cd/gfy jfb] >]i7

o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks ;b:o b'uf{nfn >]i7sf ddtfdoL dftf u+ufb]jL >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} lbj+ut cfTdfsf] rL/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub{5f}+ . ;fy} zf]sfs"n kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}F .

cWoIf tyf

wg]Zj/L ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf–&, sfe|]

cWoIf tyf

h'nd ' s[i0f >]i7

cGgk"0f{ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf–(, sfe|]

glu/Lk'/ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf–$, gfnf s?0ffdo, sfe|]

cWoIf tyf

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

afdutL O·{ln; afl]8·{sf] @$ cf} aflifs { fT];j

ag]kf÷ag]kfdf /x]sf] afudtL O{Ëlnz af]l8{Ë :s'nsf] @$ cf} aflif{sf]T;j, cleefjs lbj;, lbIffGt tyf k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ;df/f]x KofA;g s]lGb|o pk dxf;lrj led;]g s];Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf k|tfk a}Bsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf lk|lG;kn lbk]Gb|axfb'/ lji6n] ljBfnosf z}lIfs s[ofsnfksf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltyL KofA;g s]lGb|o pk–dxf;lrj led;]g s];Ln] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ lstfaL 1fgsf cnfjf k|ljwL d}qL / afnd}qL lzIffdf hf]8 lbg cg'/f]w u/] . kl5Nnf] ;do ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?n] ;d]t gLlh ljBfnosf] eGbf u'0f:t/Lo lzIffdf hf]8 lbPsfn] gLlh ljBfnox?n] km/s z}nL / ljwLaf6 afnaflnsfx?nfO{ cem} cAan agfpg d]xgt ug{' kg{] atfP . ljBfnosf cWoIf k|tfk a}Bn] gLlh ljBfnox?n] lbg] lzIff ljNs'n leGg / cnu vfnsf] x'g' kg{] atfpFb} afnaflnsfx?sf] ;jf{lË0f ljsf;df Wofg lbg' kg{] atfP . afudtL O{Ëln; :s'nsf] :yfkgf b]lv xfn;Dd lg/Gt/ Tolx cleofgdf ljBfnon] afnaflnsfx?sf] lzIffdf hf]8 lbPsf] cWoIf a}Bn] atfP . ljBfnosf lk|lG;kn lbk]Gb|axfb'/

lji6n] ljBfnon] cltl/Qm s[ofsnfkdf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;xeflu u/fpFb} plgx?sf] Ifdtf tyf k|ltefnfO{ k|:km'6g u/fpg] u/L ljleGg s[ofsnfkdf afnd}qL Aojxf/ / z}nLsf ;fy sIffx? ;+rfng ul//x]sf] atfP . ;fy} lzIfsx?n] afnd}qL lzIf0f ljwL / k|ljwL d}qL lzIffdf hf]8 lbb} cfPsf] pgn] atfP . sfo{qmddf /f]zL ufpFkflnsf pkfWoIf lddaxfb'/ tfdfª, KofA;gsf al/i7 pkfWoIf dx]Gb| lyË, k'j{ cWoIf tyf k'j{ s]lGb|o ;b:o ;Togf/fo0f >]i7, ljBfnosf ;+rfnsx? s[k]Gb| >]i7, /fhg dfgGw/, s}nfz knf~rf]s], k'j{ ljBfyL{ lgkfzf s'Fj/, cleefjs lji0f'dfof k'nfdL, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ Pj+ k'j{ cleefjs ef]h/fh ltdlN;gf, ljleGg ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks tyf lzIfsx?, ljleGg ;+3 ;+ : yfsf k| l tlglwx?, cleefjsx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf o's]hL cWoog/t %$ hgf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ lblIft ul/Psf] lyof] . ljBfnon] cfufdL z}lIfs ;q b]lv sIff !! / !@ ;+rfng ug{] u/L u[xsfo{ ul//x]sf] cWoIf k|tfk a}Bn] atfP . sfo{qmd lzlIfsf ?lr dfgGw/n] ;+rfng u/]sL lyO{g\ . ;f]lx cj;/df ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljleGg ljBfdf pTs[i6 k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

w' l nv] n c:ktfndf gof“ ejgaf6 afn/f]u ljz]if1 ;]jf w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n c:ktfndf afn/f]u ljefusf] gofF ejg pb\3f6g ul/Psf] 5 . :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnosf cltl/Qm :jf:Yo ;lrj 8f= lbk]G›/d0f l;+ n] ejg pb\3f6g u/]sf x'g\ . sfo{qmddf c:ktfnsf ;+:yfks tyf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs k|f=8f=/fds07 dfsh', sf7df08f}+ ljZjljBfnosf k'j{ pks' n klt ;' / ] z /fh zdf{ , w' l nv] n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h', w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf 8f=cfef >]i7, 8f=>[hgf >]i7 nufotsf] pkl:ytLdf gjlgld{t ejg pb\3f6g ul/Psf] xf] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} dGqfnosf cltl/Qm :jf:Yo ;lrj 8f= lbk]G›/d0f l;+n] w'lnv]n c:ktfnn] hgtf / ;/sf/aLr k'nsf] sfd ul//x]sf] atfP . ;a} gful/snfO{ u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf lbg] ;/sf/sf] pb]Zo cg'?k c:ktfnn] k|efjsfl/ ;]jf lbO/x]sf] atfP . c:ktfnsf k|f=8f=/fds07

dfsh'n] ;]jfu|fxLsf] ljZjf; / ;/sf/sf] ;xof]usf sf/0f c:ktfn cfh pQm 7fpFdf cfOk'u]sf] atfP . ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf lbg] Ps dfq} nIo lnP/ c:ktfn cl3 a9L/x]sf] pgsf] egfO{ 5 . afn/f]u ;DaGwL ljz]if1 ;]jf k|jfxsf nflu gofF ejgn] yk ;3fpg] pgn] atfP . sl/a ^$ s/f]8 nfutdf ejg lgdf{0f ePsf] xf] . ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu !) s/f]8 ?k}ofF Pe/]i6 a}+ssf ;LOcf] las] >]i7n] ;xof]u u/]sf lyP . wl'nvn ] c:ktfnn] gjhft ;3g pkrf/ sG]› -PgcfO;{Lo_", afn ;3g pkrf/ sG]› kLcfO;Lo_" ;~rfng ul//xs ] f] kf|=8f= >h [ gf 8u+fn ] n] hfgsf/L lbOg\ . o:t} c:ktfn egf{ u/L pkrf/ ugk{' g{] afnaflnsfsf nflu kl]8ofl6s ;j]fnfO{ yk ;xh / ke|fjsf/L agfpg gjlgldt{ ejgn] ;xofu] ko'fp{g] c:ktfnsf] ljZjf; 5 .

5ftL, du[fn } f / :jf;kZ|jf; ;DaGwL pkrf/ tyf k/fdzs { f] nflu 56'6\} ljefu ;? ' ug{] tof/Ldf c:ktfn /xs ] f] 8f= >h [ gf 8u+fn ] n] hfgsf/L lbOg\ .

lxdsfnL ;dfh ;]jf ;fsf];df ;xsf/L lzIff lzlj/

jif{ #) c+s !& @)*) kmfu'g !& ut] ljxLjf/

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f g+=* ag]kf / kf“rkf]v/L yfªkfn afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff ljr elugL ;DaGw kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ * nfO{ afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ * sf j8f cWoIf a]bk|;fb a~hf/fsf] ;efkltTj /x]sf] lyof] eg] kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf pk–k|d'v lutf a~hf/f, k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t /fdk|;fb cfrfo{, t]hu+uf SofDk;sf ;+:yfks SofDk; k|d'v 8f=cDa' ejfgL sfsL{, ljleGg j8fsf j8f cWoIf, zfvf k|d'v, j8f ;lrj /fhs'df/ >]i7 ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|d'v Pj+ k|ltlglwsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . afn>dd' Q m j8f 3f] i f0ffsf] s/bkq gu/ k|d'v e08f/Ln] j8f gDa/ * sf j8f cWoIf a]b k|;fb a~hf/f ;lxt hgk|ltlglw / sd{rf/LnfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf lyP . g]kfn ;/sf/ >d /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfnoaf6 hf/L ePsf] afn>dd'Qm :yfgLo tx 3f] i f0ff sfo{ l jlw @)&& Pj+ kgf} t L gu/kflnsfaf6 hf/L ePsf] afn>dd'Qm gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff sfo{ljlw @)*) adf]lhd

k|s[ofx? k'/f u/]sfn] afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] gu/k|d'v e08f/Ln] atfP . To;}u/L pk–k|d'v lutf a~hf/fn] anaflnsfnfO{ >daf6 d'Qm u/fpg] cleofgn] ;fy{stf kfPsf] / lbuf]kgfsf nflu cfkm'x? k|lta4 /x]sf] atfOg\ . j8f cWoIf a] b k| ; fb a~hf/fn] afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfno;Dd k' o f{ p g] , afnclwsf/sf] /Iff ug]{ cleofg lg/Gt/ /lx/xg] klg atfPsf 5g . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtJo j8f ;b:o /fh]Gb| s];Ln /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu cGt/lqmof, tYof+s ;+sng, xf]6n k;n, s[lif kmd{ cg'udg, Ps 3/, Ps ldg]6 sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbO{Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff sfo{qmddf afn>d k|of]u gug]{ pBf]uL Joj;foLnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] afn>dd' Q m j8f 3f] i f0ffdf ;xof] u k'of{pg]x?nfO{ k|;+;fkq4f/f ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . o:t} ljBfyL{x?n] hgr]tgfd'ns gf6s, sljtf jfrgsf ;fy} g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

sfe|] dflj ag]kfdf ufog k|ltof]lutfsf] rf}yf] l;hg agk]f÷sfe]| dfWolds ljBfno agk]f a8'fn ] df cfofl]ht ufog kl|tofl]utf l;hg rf/sf] pkfwL ;u+Lt tfdfªn] xft kf/s ] f 5g\ . ufog k|ltof]lutfsf] l;hg rf/ df ! ;o hgf eGbf w]/} ljBfyL{x? dWo] pTs[i6 !% ljBfyL{ 5gf}6 ul/Psf] lyof] . ljBfyL{x?sf] ufog k|ltefnfO{ k|:km'6g ug{] p2]Zon] cfof]lht pQm sfo{qmdsf] clGtd kmfO{gndf !% hgf ljBfyL{x? 5gf}6 ePsf lyP . …sfe|] :s'n l;˪ cfO{8nÚ gfds pQm sfo{qmddf ljleGg r/0f kf/ ub{} 5gf}6 ePsf clGtd k|lt:kwL{x?nfO{ z'qmaf/ k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+of]hs lzIfs p4j n'O{6]nsf cg';f/ k|yd ;+uLt tfdfª, bf]>f] pT;j sfsL{, t]>f] cfl>t tfdfª / rf}yf] cfsf+Iff tfdfª eP . sfoq{mddf ljBfnosf lkl|G;kn

sd'f/ dfgGw/, ;xfos lkl|G;kn4o sz ] j >i]7 / ljsf; >i]7n] ljhoL ljBfyLx{?nfO{ k/':sf/ ljt/0f u/s ] f lyP . ljhoL ljBfyLx{?n] 6k«mL / kd|f0fkq kf|Kt u/s ] f lyP . kl|tofl]utfsf] lg0ffo{sdf ufos ;/'h yfkf / ljqmd ;j'fn /xs ] f lyP . ;/'h gk]fn cfO8{n l;hg Pssf pTsi[6 ^ kl|tofl]u dWos ] f Ps lyP . ljBfyLx{?sf] kl|tef phfu/ ug{ ljBfnon] cfofh ] gf u/s ] f] o:tf sfoq{md dxTjk0"f{ /xs ] f] lkl|G;kn sd'f/ dfgGw/n] atfP . sfoq{md ;r + fng ljBfyL{ ;l':dtf zfxL 7s/'Ln] u/s ] L lyOg{\ . sfe| ] dfWolds ljBfnon] ljBfyL{x?sf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/sf cnfjf cltl/Qm s[ofsnfkdf ljleGg sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf u/L afnaflnsfx?nfO{ yk ;zQm agfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .

Sofn]08/ k|sfzgsf] b/efp sf]6]zg k]z ug{] ;DaGwL ;"rgf o; ;+:yfsf] nflu lj=;+= @)*! ;fnsf] Sofn]08/ -kfqf]_ tklzn adf]lhd k|sfzg ug{'kg{] ePsf]n] 5kfO{ ug{ OR5's kmd{ jf sDkgLaf6 of] ;"Rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq gljs/0f, btf{ k|df0fkq, Kofg÷Eof6 btf{ k|df0fkq / kl5Nnf] cf=j= sf] s/ r'Qmf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk ;lxt b/efp sf]6]zg k]z ug{ of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tklzn leQ]kfqf] 6]a'n Sofn]08/ != sfuh M !%) u|fd cf6{ k]k/ != sfuh M @%) u|fd cf6{ k]k/ @= /+u M rf/ /+u (Four Color) @= /+u M rf/ /+u (Four Color) #= ;fO{h M !@ OGr x !* OGr #= ;fO{h M %=% OGr x *=% OGr $= k[i7 ;+Vof M # kfgf -^ k[i7_ $= k[i7 ;+Vof M ^ kfgf -!@ k[i7_ %= ;+Vof M ^))) yfg %= ;+Vof M #)) yfg k'gZr M != 5kfO{sf] nflu cfjZos ljj/0fx? k|fKt eO{;s]kl5 5kfO{ u/L ;+:yfnfO{ pknAw u/fpg] clwstd ;do l;df / b/efp kqdf clgjfo{ pNn]v x'g'kg{]5 . @= k|fKt b/efp sf]6]zg ahf/b/ cg';f/ kg{ gcfPdf ;f]nfO{ /2 u/L k'gM k|lqmof cufl8 a9fO{g] 5 . #= sf]6]zg :jLs[t ug{] jf gug{] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;+:yfdf lglxt /xg]5 . $= ;Demf}tf adf]lhd 5kfO{ gu/] jf tf]lsPsf] u'0f:t/ sfod gul/Pdf ;Demf}tf /2 u/L cGo k|lqmof cufl8 a9fO{g] clwsf/ ;+:yfdf /xg]5 . %= 5kfO{ ;DalGw sfo{sf] e'QmfgL ;fdu|L k|fKt eP kZrft /ljGb|eQm kf]6] t'?Gt} x'g]5 . sfof{no k|d'v

ag]kf÷lxdsfnL ;dfh ;]jf ;fsf];, kgf}tL g=kf= !), z+v'sf] cfof]hgfdf ljQLo ;fIf/tf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;xsf/L lzIff lzlj/sf ?kdf lrlgg] pQm sfo{qmddf z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] pNn]Vo pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . ;xsf/L lzlj/df ;b:ox?nfO{ kl5Nnf] ;do ;xsf/Lx?df b]lvPsf ;d:of, ;xsf/L dfkm{t ePsf ;b:ox?nfO{ ljleGg vfnsf ;'ljwfx? pknAwL, ;b:ox?sf] e"ldsf tyf pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . pQ/bfloTj;Fu} ;xsf/Ln] kf/]sf k|efj / cfufdL lbgdf ;xsf/Lsf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] e"ldsfsf af/]df 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . ;+:yfsf cWoIf ch{'gk|;fb ahufO{sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ag]kf–*, sfe|], kmf]g g+=M )!!–^^@)%( lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf lblnk zdf{ nufotn] ;xsf/Lsf af/]df wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf cWoIf ahufO{n] ;+:yf gLlt, ljlw / k|ljlwnfO{ cfTd;ft ub} ;b:od'vL sfo{qmd ;lxt ;+rfngdf /x]sf] atfP . ;+:yfdf xfn;Dd s'g} klg -;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*)÷!!÷!&_ hf]lvd g/x]sf] cWoIf ahufO{n] :ki6 kf/] . ;+:yfsf ;lrj pQd cfrfo{n] o; Gx'hM art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=af6 ljleGg ldltdf shf{ a'lemlnO{ efvf g3fO{ a;]sf tkl;nsf C0fL ;b:ox?n] ;+:yfsf] k[i7e"dL tyf kl/ro laifosdf ;+:yfdf ltg{, a'emfpg' kg]{ shf{ /sdsf] ;fFjf, Jofh / cGo /sd of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] k}tL; -#%_ lbg leq ltg{ a'emfpg' x'g jf k|:t'tLs/0f u/]sf lyP . laz]if cltly cf–cfˆgf] /sd lt/L a'emfO{ ;s]sf] eP ;f]sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg'x'g ;"lrt ul/G5 . cGoyf, ;+:yfsf] n]gf shf{ /sdsf] ;fFjf, Jofh / cGo sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf art tyf C0f /sd ;+:yfsf] gLlt, lgod / ;xsf/L P]g, lgodfjnL adf]lhd lwtf] lnnfd laqmL u/L c;'n pk/ ul/g] tyf lnnfd laqmL u/L+bf klg c;'n ;xsf/L lnld6]8sf n]vf ;ldlt ;+of]hs pk/ x'g g;s]sf] /sd eP C0fL / hdfgL ;d]tsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf cGo rn–crn ;Dkltaf6 sfg'g adf]lhd c;"n pk/ ul/g] Joxf]/f lzjk|;fb cfrfo{n] ;+:yfsf] art tyf ;"lrt ul/G5 . tkl;n /fxt sf]if / ;+:yfsf] C0f nufgL tyf qm=;+ = C0fLsf] ljj/0f lwtf] tyf wghdfgLsf] ljj/0f C0fLsf] kmf]6f] c;"nL laifodf k|:t'lts/0f u/]sf lyP . ljQLo ;fIf/tfsf ljifodf g]ˆ:s"gsf] gfdM– ?ks yfkf ;fljs cg}sf]6 uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ^ ls=g+= @)$ / ^*@ If]= km= k|fljlws ;xof]u :j?k k|d'v k|lzIfssf !–!#–#–@ / )–!)–)– hUuf a'afM– e'jgaxfb'/ Yffkf != afh]M– u+ufaxfb'/ Yffkf ¿kdf g]ˆ:s"g lkmN8 sfof{no ag]kfsf Joj:ffo clws[t /fdk|;fb ;fksf]6fn] 7]ufgfM– ag]kf g=kf=–!) k|:t'tLs/0f u/]sf lyP . gfdM– wgaxfb'/ tfdfª gfdM– ?ks yfkf sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf pkfWoIf, a'afM– /fdaxfb'/ tfdfª a'afM– e'jgaxfb'/ Yffkf C0f ;+of]hs tyf s]lGb|o sfof{nosf @= afh]M– z]/axfb'/ tfdfª afh]M– u+ufaxfb'/ Yffkf ?kdf /x]sf] sflnb]jL ;]jf s]Gb|, z+v'sf 7]ufgfM– kfFrvfn g=kf= –!, 7]ufgfM– ag]kf g=kf=–!) ;+ o f] h s cgGt ;Tofn, ljleGg cg}sf]6, sf]6\ofª lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] gfdM– sfn] sfdL ;fljs cg}sf]6 uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ( ls=g+=&%&,&%(,&^@,&^$ / ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf =&^^ If]= km= )–*–)–), @–!)–@–#,!–)–)–#, )–$–#–) / a'afM– hun] sfdL ;lrj pQd cfrfo{n] ;+rfng u/]sf lyP @–*–)–), #= afh]M– /fhdfg eg] :jfut ;+:yfsf pkfWoIf cgGt 3/hUuf 7]ufgfM– kfFrvfn g=kf= –!, ;Tofnn] u/]sf lyP . k|d'v Aoj:yfks cg} s f] 6 , sf] 6 \ o fª hdfgLstf{ M– /fh' ubfn d'/f/L ;'j]bLsf cg';f/ ;+:yfsf] @)*) gfdM– sfn] sfdL gfdM– /fh' ubfn df3 d;fGt;Ddsf] !! s/f]8 (! nfv s'n a'afM– hun] sfdL a'afM– sfn] sfdL jf;nft /x]sf] 5 . ;+:yfdf z]o/ /sd ! afh]M– /fhdfg $= afh]M– hun] sfdL s/f]8 %) nfv, ljleGg sf]ifx?df art 7]ufgfM– kfFrvfn g=kf= –!, 7]ufgfM– kfFrvfn g=kf= –!, *! nfv, C0f nufgL * s/f]8 / artdf * cg}sf]6, sf]6\ofª cg}sf]6, sf]6\ofª s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . pQm If]qsf] pTs[i6 ;+:yfsf ?kdf ;xsf/Ln] z]o/

Gx'hM art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=

efvf gf3]sf] ;f“jf, Jofh tyf cGo af“sL aSof}tf /sd a'emfpg] af/] k}tL; -#%_lbg] h?/L ;"rgf

ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsf / l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] lxdfnL If]qdf /x]sf] kfFrkf]v/L yfªkfn ufFpkflnsf ljr elugL ;DaGw :yfkgfsf nfuL ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Gt zfSo / kfFrkf]v/L yfªkfn ufFpkflnsf cWoIf 6f;L nfdfn] ;Demf}tf kq cfbfg k|bfg u/]sf lyP . ;Demf}tfdf gu/kflnsfsL pk–k|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f / kflnsf pkfWoIf ;'lgftf clwsf/Ln] ;d]t x:tfIf/ u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]nf rfkfufO{ j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{kflnsf ;b:ox? tyf kfFrkf]v/L yfªkfn ufFpkflnsf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t nId0f n'O{6]n, j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{ k flnsf ;b:ox?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . @)*) k'if ( ut] kfFrkf]v/L yfªkfn ufFpkflnsfsf] lgdGq0fdf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] 6f]nL uO{ kflnsf uO{ ljleGg 7fFpx?sf] canf]sg u/]sf] lyof] . ag]kf u/kflnsfsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSon] kfFrkf]v/L yfªkfn ufFpfklnsf / ag]kf gu/kflnsf lardf :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g, @)&$ sf] bkmf @^ sf] v08 6 sf] sfg"gL Joj:yf adf]lhd cGt/ :yfgLo tx elugL ;DaGw :yfkgf u/L cfk;L ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/L dfkm{t b'O{ :yfgLo txsf] lardf cg'ej cfbfg k|bfg ug{] tyf ;femf k|oTgaf6 ;+:yfut k|0ffnL ;'b[9Ls/0f Pj+ ;anLs/0f ug{] pb]Zo /x]sf] atfP . P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s / k'/ftflTjs dxTj /x]sf] ag]kf gu/kflnsf / kfFrkf]v/L yfª\kfn ufFpkflnsf

l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] pQ/ lxdfnL If]qdf cjl:yt k|l;4 wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts / ko{6sLo :ynsf ;fy} P]ltxfl;s klxrfg / b]ljb]jtfsf] jf:yfg /x]sf] ufFpkflnsf aLr ljljw If]qx?df ;xsfo{, ;fem]bf/L tyf ;dGjo ug{ b'O{ :yfgLo tx aLr elugL ;DaGw :yfkgf u/L lxt}ifL tyf d}qLk"0f{ ;DaGw dfkm{t ;+:yfut k|0ffnLnfO{ ;an agfpg], cfk;L lxt / ;xsfo{nfO{ a9fjf lbg], c;n cEof; / cg'ejsf] cfbfg k|bfg u/L :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g, :jzf;g / ;d[4 kflnsf / gu/ lgdf{0fsf] cleofgdf cfk;L ;dGjo, ;femf k|oTg / ;xsfo{ ug{] p2]Zon] ;DaGw lj:tf/ ul/Psf] ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSon] atfP kfFrkf]v/L yfªkfn ufFpkflnsfsf cWoIf 6f;L nfdfsf] g]t[Tjdf cfPsf] 6f]lnn] ag]kf gu/kflnsf leq ePsf ljsf; lgdf0f{ tyf P]ltxfl;s wfld{s :yfg, ljBfno, c:ktfn, j8f sfo{nox?sf] cjnf]sg u/]sf] lyof] . canf]sg kl5 pQm ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6fn] hfgsf/L lbO{g\ . ;fksf]6fn] ljsf; lgdf{0f nufPt w]/} s'/fx?df sfd ug{ ;xh x'g] ePsfn] ;DaGw lj:tf/ ul/Psf] atfO{g\ . sfo{qmddf kfFrkf]v/L yfªkfn ufFpkflnsf pkfWoIf ;'lgtf clwsf/L, ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]nf rfkfufO{, ufFpkflnsf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t nId0f s'OFs]n, ag]kf gu/kflnsf k| z f;f;lso clws[ t w' j { / fh g] k fn, ;fdflhs zfvf clws[t lbg]z s'df/ kf]v/]n nufotn] ;DaGwsf af/]df wf/0f /fv]sf lyP .

kgf}tLnfO{ afn>d d'Qm gu/ 3f]if0ff ul/+b} kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsfn] afn>d lgjf/0fsf nflu ;+rf/sdL{;Fu cGt/lqmof u/]sf] 5 . afn>dd'Qm gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ffsf] clGtd tof/Ldf /x]sf] gu/kflnsfn] xfn;Dd u/]sf k|ult tyf cfufdL of]hgfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, pkk|d'v lutf a~hf/f, k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t /fdk|;fb cfrfo{, gu/kflnsfsf lgb]{zs k|0f/fh Gof}kfg], jl/i7 k|zf;sLo clws[ t OGb| k | ; fb clwsf/L, j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{kflnsfs ;b:o Pj+ ljleGg zfvfsf zfvf k|d'v nufot ;+rf/sdL{x?sf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} gu/k|d'v e08f/Ln] afnaflnsfsf] If]qnfO{ gu/kflnsfn] k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] atfP . afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g cGtu{t ;~rflnt sfo{qmdn] afnaflnsfsf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfPsf], ljBfno 5f8]sf w]/} afnaflnsf k'gM ljBfno egf{ ePsf] pgn] atfP . o:t} pkk|d'v lutf a~hf/fn] af]Ng ;d]t nhfpg] afnaflnsf clxn] cfkm\gf] nflu cfkm}+ of]hgf agfpg yfn]sf eGb} v';L JoQm ul/g\ . pgn] afnd}qL lbuf]kgfsf nflu g/kflnsfn] sfd ul/x]sf] atfO{g . sfo{qmddf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t /fdk|;fb cfrfo{n] afnaflnsfnfO{ plrt lzIffsf] vfFrf] /x]sf] atfP . afnaflnsfnfO{ b]zsf] eljio / ;xf/fsf] ?kdf lrlqt ub}{ pgn] afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfno k7fpg cfu|x u/] . afn>d lgGbgLo / b08gLo /x]sf] pgn] atfP . gu/kflnsfsf afnd}qL ;Dks{ JolQm s]zj a~hf/fn] gu/kflnsfn] xfn;Dd u/]sf sfo{sf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . kgf}tL gu/kflnsfnfO{ @)&* c;f/ #) ut] afnd}qL gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . gu/kflnsfn] afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g

cGtu{t %! j6f ;'rsdf /x]/ sfd ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf g} pQm ljifo ;dfj]z ul/Psf] afnd}qL ;Dks{ JolQm a~hf/fn] atfP . xfn;Dd kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf !@ j6f j8f dWo] j8f gDj/ !! gu/kflnsfs} klxnf] afn>dd'Qm j8f 3f]if0ff ePsf] 5 . cGo j8fx? afn>d d'Qm 3f]if0ffsf] tof/Ldf /x]sf 5g . afn>dsf] tYof+s ;+sng ul/Psf], afn>dd'Qm gu/ 3f]if0ff sfo{ljlw tof/ ul/Psf], xf]l8{ª af]8{, xft]krf{, k|lta4tf kq tof/ ePsf], afn>d lgjf/0f 8]:s agfOPsf] afnd}qL ;+ks{ JolQm a~hf/fn] atfP . o:t} x/]s j8fdf Ps 3/, Ps ldg]6 sfo{qmd ;d]t ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 eg] afn>d k|of]u gug]{ pBf]uL Joj;foLnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] 5 . gu/ leq cem} klg !& hgf afnaflnsf >ddf /x]sf] tYof+s ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . afnaflnsfsf] hGdbtf{ ljj/0f tof/ ug]{, Ifdtf clea[l4 ug]{, r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd tof/ kfg]{, afn>dsf] cj:yf cg'udg nufotsf sfo{ ug]{ nufotsf] sfd gu/kflnsfn] ug]{5 . sfo{ q mddf cGt/f{ l i6« o >d ;+u7gsf p4j/fh kf}8\ofnn] afn>ldssf] cj:yf af/] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . pgsf cg';f/ g]kfndf % b]vL !& jif{ pd]/ ;d'xsf &) nfv afnaflnsf dWo] !! nfv afnaflnsf >ddf ;+nUg 5g\ . h;df ! b]vL !# jif{ pd]/ ;d'xsf afnaflnsfsf] ;+nUgtf !* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] !$ b]vL !& jif{ pd]/ ;d'xsf !) k|ltzt afnaflnsf >ddf 5g\ . afns eGbf aflnsf >ddf a9L 5g\ . !$ k|ltzt afns / !& k|ltzt aflnsf >ddf /x] s f] kf} 8 \ o fnn] atfP . afn>d Go' l gs/0fsf nflu hf] l vddf k/] s f afnaflnsfsf] kl/jf/sf] cfly{s cj:yfdf ;'wf/, cg'udg, gLlt tyf sfg'g ;+zf]wgsf] cfjZostf ;d]t kf}8\ofnn] cf}+NofPsf 5g . hf]lvddf /x]sf kl/jf/nfO{ nlIft ub}{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff l:sd tof/ kfg'{kg]{ pgsf] egfO{ 5 .

xg'dfg dlGb/ lgdf{0fsf nflu >Ldb\jfNdLsL /fdfo0f syf kftn]v]t÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !! kftn]v]tdf xg' d fg dlGb/ lgdf{ 0 f ;xof] u fy{ >Ldb\efujt dxfk'/f0f ;Ktfx tyf >Ldb\jfNdLls /fdfo0f syf cfh ljlxaf/ ;lsb} 5 . /fdfo0f syf afrgsf] z'ef/De lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbkss'df/ uf}tdn] u/]sf lyP . ;Ktfxsf] klxnf] lbg snz ofqf tyf k'jf{Ë ul/Psf] lyof] . kftn]v]tsf ljleGg :yfgdf snz ofqf ul/Psf] lyof] . syf afrg z'qmaf/ kmfu'g !! ut] b]lv cfh ljlxaf/ kmfu'g !& ut];Dd x'g]5 . x/]s lbg ljxfgsf] ;dodf xjg tyf kf7 kf/fo0f x'g]5 . ljxfg !)=#) b]lv x/]s lbg syf afrg x'g]5 . ;fFemsf] ;dodf dxfTDo kf7 x'g]5 eg] o1

;dfkg tyf k|;fb ljt/0f sfo{qmd ef]nL z'qmaf/ kmfu'g !* ut] x'g]5 . xg'dfg:yfgdf cfof]lht ;Ktfx sfo{qmddf ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;Ktfxdf kl08t ljgf]b ;fksf]6f k|d'v afrs 5g\ eg] pkafrs dlgifz/0f vgfn /x]sf 5g\ . ;Ktfx pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwx?, ljleGg If]qsf AolQmTjx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;xeflux?n] ;Ktfxaf6 ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf ;fy} dlGb/ lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u k'Ug] atfPsf lyP . ;Ktfx d'n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs af;'b]j pkfWofon] ;Ktfxaf6 xg'dfg dlGb/ lgdf{0fnfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug] atfP . ;Ktfxdf dlGb/ lgdf{0ffy{ gub tyf ef}lts ;xof]u k|fKt ePsf] 5 . s]lxn] af]nsjf]n u/]sf] cfof]hsn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ .

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s !& @)*) kmfu'g !& ut] ljxLjf/

b'Uw s[ifsn] ub{}5g\ /fhdfu{df rSsfhfd sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno / /]o'sfO{ cf“vf – sfe|]sf s[ifssf] %) s/f]8 e'QmfgL af“sL c:ktfn aLr yk sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{] ;Demf}tf

sfe|] lhNnf b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3 lnld6]8n] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{nfO{ 1fkgkq a'emfpFb} cfh c/lgsf] /fhdfu{df lbp;f] !@ ah] b]lv @ ah];Dd rSsfhfd ug{] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . sfe|]knf~rf]ssf cWoIf gf/fo0fk|;fb a8fn, s]lGb|o b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+3sf ;+rfns ;b:o s]zjk|;fb ;fksf]6f / s]lGb|o b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf n]vf ;b:o lzjk|;fb sf]O{/fnfn] 1fkgkqdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf lyP .

1fkg–kqdf kmfu'g !), !! / !@ ut] lhNnf b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf b'IUw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf, 8]/L pBdL, s[ifs tyf /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwx?;Fu 5nkmn, k|rf/ k|;f/ / cfGbf]ngdf ;xeflutfsf nflu cfAxfg ug{] sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] pNn]v 5 . To:t} kmfu'g !$ ut] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]df 1fkgkq a'emfpg] / To; cl3 ¥ofnL, wgf{ ug{] pNn]v 5 . kmfu'g !& ut] c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] ag]kf rf/bf]jf6f]df !@ ah] b]lv @ ah];Dd zflGtk"0f{ rSsfhfd ug{] pNn]v 5 . kmfu'g @! ut] dfO{lt3/ d08nfdf b]ze/Lsf s[ifs, b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] cu'jfO{df wgf{ tyf lj/f]wsf sfo{qmdx? ug{] / dfu k'/f geP ;Dd wgf{ sfo{qmd hf/L /fVg] pNn]v 5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{nfO{ 1fkg kq a'emfpFb} cWoIf gf/fo0f a8fnn] ;d:of / cfGbf]ngsf] afWotf ;lxtsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . sfe|]knfGrf]s lhNnf b'Uw pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg pBf]u g]kfnd} klxnf] lj=;=@))( ;fndf g} ;'? ePsf] lhNnf xf] . oxf pTkflbt b}lgs ltg nfv ln6/ b'w :yflgo ahf/ ;lxt sf7df8f}, eQmk'/, nlntk'/ lhNnfdf vkt e}/x]sf] 5 . of] lhNnf lj=;= @)^& ;fndf g} b'wdf cfTdlge{/ 3f]if0ff e};s]sf] xf] . ljut ! jif{ b]lv b'w ljlqm x'g ;d:of e}/x]sf] / xfn b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfdf -l8=l8=l;=_ tyf lghL 8]/Lx?n] b'wsf] ljut @ b]lv $ dlxgfsf] e'QmfgL /sd glbPsf] cj:yf

n}+lus lx+;f lgjf/0f ;DaGwL ;r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf n} + l us ljsf; tyf ;dfhsNof0f zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf n}+lus lx+;f lgjf/0f ;DaGwL ;r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] ;fOa/ ck/fw, ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] b'?kof]u h:tf n}+lus lx+;fsf gofF gofF :j?kn] r'gf}tL ylkPsf] atfP . n}+lus lx+;fnfO{ dlxnflj?4 x'g] lx+;f dfq xf] eGg] ;fF3'/f] 3]/faf6 x]g]{ ul/Psf] eGb} AofGh'n] o;sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts d'No af/] rf;f] sd /x]sf] atfPsf lyP . sfo{ q mddf k| d ' v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf pk–k|d'v lg/fhg h+ud, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|] k|d'v k|x/L pkl/Ifs a;'Gw/f v8\sf, k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t ;'/]Gb| yfkf du/, ;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldlt ;+of]hs u0f]z cfrfo{ nufotsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . ;r] t gfd' n s sfo{ q mddf w' l nv] n gu/kflnsf n}+lus ljsf; tyf ;dfhsNof0f zfvf ;Dks{ JolQm k'hf sfˆn]n] n}+lus lx+;f Go'lgs/0fsf nflu gu/kflnsfn] u/]sf sfo{af/] hfgsf/L u/fPsL lyOg\ . lx+;f Go'lgs/0fsf nflu w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] n}+lus lx+;f gu/L ;dfg Jojxf/ u/f}+, dlxnf k'?if sf]lx klg of] lx+;fdf gk/f}+ eGg] gf/fnfO{ jflif{s gLltdf ;dfj]z ul/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng eO/x]sf] pgn] hfgsf/L lbOg\ . sfo{qmddf k|lzIfs ;'ldqf clwsf/Ln] n}+lus ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f af/] hfgsf/L u/fPsL lyOg\ . pgn] tLg txsf] ;/sf/sf] e'ldsf af/] hfgsf/L u/fPsL lyOg\ .

–cf“vf c:ktfndf lnkm\6’ uf]df yfkf ag]kf

ljBdfg 5 . b'w ljlqmaf6 k|fKt x'g] e'QmfgL /sd gkfpgfn] s[ifsx?nfO{ kz' cfxf/f h:t} 3fF;, k/fn, e';f, bfgf, rf]s/, a|fG8, vl/b u/L v'jfpg g;Sg] cj:yf ;[hgf ePsf] ;fy} a}+s tyf ljlQo ;+:yfx?af6 kz'kfngdf lnPsf] shf{sf] ;fFjf Jofh ls:tf ;d]t /flsPsf] cjut u/fpg rfxfG5f} . of] kl/l:ytL ;[hgf x'Fbf Psflt/ s[ifssf] b}lgs r'nf] aNg] cj:yf g} ;+s6df k/]sf] 5 eg] csf{lt/ kz'kfng Joj;fodf g} lg/f;f pTkGg e} knfog x'g] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df s]lGb|o b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+3 tyf lhNnf b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+3n] b'w ljlqm jfkt kfpg' kg{] e'QmfgL nufot !! a'b] dfu ;lxt @)*) d+l;/ @* ut] b]lv cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdx? 3f]if0ff u/]sf]df g]kfn ;/sf/, kz'k+IfL ljsf; dGqfnosf dGqL, ;lrj, ;x;lrj, /fli6«o b'w ljsf; af]8{ sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs, 8]/L pBf]u ;+3sf cWoIf, g]kfn 8]/L P;f]l;o;gsf cWoIf, b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfgsf dxfk|jGws nufot ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo a;L k6s k6s 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . @)*) kmfu'g !$ btf{ g+=@($÷)$(÷%) Kffg g+=^)!^^*@($ eO{ s[ifsx?nfO{ e'QmfgL ug'{kg{] aSof}tf /sd kf}if d;fGt leq e'QmfgL ul/;Sg] xfn s[ifsx?af6 lnO/x]sf] b'wsf] kl/df0f g36fO{ ;+sng ug{], s[lif tyf kz'k+IfL

ljsf; dGqfno ePsf] 5nkmndf dGqfno ;sf/fTds e} dfux? k'/f ug{] u/L @)*) d+l;/ @^ ut] ;xdtL ePsf] lyof] . ;Demf}tf cg'?k sfof{Gjog gx'bFf ;d:of Ho's F f] To'F /lx xfnsf] cj:yf ;[hgf x'g cfPsf]df tt\ tt\ lgsfox?nfO{ ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg u/fpgsf nflu k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L dfkm{t Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf 5g\ . b'Uw ls;fgx?n] ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /xs ] f] bU'w ljsf; ;:+yfg tyf cGo 8/]L pBfu]x?nfO{ ljlqm u/s ] fl]jut @ bl]v $ dlxgf ;Ddsf] eQ'mfgL /sd sl/a %) s/f8] oyfl;3| eQ'mfgL ul/of;], ldNs xfl]n8] aGb ul/of;],\ cfoltt bw' tyf bw'hGo kbfyn { fO{ k0"f{ ?kdf aGb ul/of;], bw' ls;fgx?nfO{ hfu]fO/fVg cgb'fgsf sfoq{mdx?nfO{ lg/Gt/tf ul/of;],\ pTkfbg nfut dN'o 36fpg] sfoq{mdx? ;a} kflnsfdf nfu' ul/of] ; \ , ljdf sfoq{mdx?nfO{ kf|yldstfdf /flv Ifltkl"t{ eQ'mfgL ;xh agfOo{f;],\ bw' tyf bU'whGo kbfy{ lgoft{sf] nflu vf/t] nDsL nfuot /fu]dQ'm 3fi]f0ff ug{ kT|os ] kflnsfdf vfk\] cleofg rnfOof;],\ lgoft{ ug]{ bU'w kbfyd{f cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf ul/of];\, ljutdf kfO/fvs ] f] bw' lr:;fgx?sf] ljBt' dx;n ' %) kl|tzt sfod ul/of;]\ tyf nDsL /fu] nfu/] IftL ePsf kzx'?sf] clanDa Ifltkl"t{ /sd pknJw u/fpg dfu u/s ] f 5g\ .

xflb{s awfO{ o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf cWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7 g]kfn x[bo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fgsf] @( cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef tyf #) cf}+ :yfkgf lbj;af6 ;lrj tyf lgjt{dfg cWoIf ;Togf/fo0f efn' >]i7 ;x;lrj Pj+ ;xsf/Lsf z'elrGtsx? l6sfeQm ef]l5ef]of cWoIfdf, pkfWoIf u|'a]g tf}hn], l;l4 sdf{rfo{, sf]iffWoIf /fdKof/L >]i7, ;x sf]iffWoIf ;l/tf zfSo, ;b:ox?df lj¶n l;s' >]i7, dx]Gb| hf]zL, ;j{>L clwsf/L, ljZjgfy tfd|fsf/, lgd{nf sfo:y / dgf]gLtdf 8f= clgif hf]zL, kNnjL k|wfg / ;ljgf >]i7 lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

xl/axfb'/ >]i7 pkfWoIf tyf

ef]ld ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:Yff ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfno / /]o'sfO{ PO{sf] df;'gfuf cfFvf c:ktfn aLr lzIff / :jf:Yo If]qdf ;xsfo{ ug{] ;DjGwL ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno :s"n ckm d]l8sn ;fOG;]hsf 8Lg k|f=8f=dgf]h x'dfufO{ / c:ktfnsf tkm{af6 cWoIf dw' cfrfo{n] ;Demf}tf kqdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . ;Demf}tf kqdf ;fIfLsf ?kdf sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf tkm{af6 :s"n ckm d]l8sn ;fOG;]hsf P;f]l;P6 8Lg k|f=8f bLks s'Fj/ / c:ktfnsf tkm{af6 dxf;lrj lx/fd0fL zdf{n] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . d+unaf/ ul/Psf] ;Demf} t f kqdf sf7df8f} + ljZjljBfno w'lnv]n, sfe|]df OlGhlgol/ª, snf, sfg"g, lj1fg, Joj:yfkg, lrlsT;f ;DaGwL ljBfnox¿ dfkm{t ljleGg ljifox¿df pRr lzIff / cg';Gwfg k|bfg ug{ :yfkgf ePsfn] lrlsT;f lzIff / cg';Gwfgsf] If]qdf cfk;L rf;f] / ;xof]u clej[l4df of]ubfg k'¥ofpFb} …sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfno, w'lnv]n / /]o'sfO{ POsf] df;'gfuf cfFvf c:ktfn ag]kf aLr ;demf/L ePsf] pNn]v 5 . lrlsT;f / ;DalGwt ljifox¿df lzIff, cg';Gwfg / k|lzIf0fnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] p2]Zon] ;+o'Qm kxnx¿df ;xsfo{ ug{ b'a} kIf ;xdt ePsf] ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v 5 . kIfx¿n] ;+ o ' Q m cg' ; Gwfg kl/of]hgfx¿ ;~rfng ug{]5g . Ps cs{fsf] z}lIfs sfo{qmdx¿df ;lqmo ¿kdf ;xefuL x'g]5g . 1fg / ljz]if1tfsf] cfbfg k|bfgnfO{ k|j4{g ug{] ;xof]uL jftfj/0fnfO{ a9fjf

k'g ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M– @)*)÷!!÷!& ut] o; ;+:yfjf6 tk;Lndf pNn]lvt C0fLn] pkef]u u/]sf] shf{sf] ;fFjf,Jofh / xhf{gf /sd ltg{ a'emfpg' kg]{df xfn ;Dd klg ga'emfO{ shf{ ;DjlGwsf] zt{ tyf aGb]hx? pn+3g u/]sf]n] ;f] ;DjGwdf df}lvs tyf lnlvt kq4f/f ;'rgf ubf{ ;d]t ;+:yfnfO{ ltg'{,a'emfpg' kg]{ shf{sf] ;fFjf,Jofh / xh{gf tyf cGo b}b:t'/sf] /sd ;d]t r'Qmf e'QmfgL gu/L afFsL /x]sf] x'gfn] ldlt @)*)÷)^÷)$ ut]sf] :yflgo r]i6f ;fKtflxs klqsfdf shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ ;DjlGwsf] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf tyf k"g ldlt @)*)÷)*÷!$ ut] shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ ;Djlwsf] !% lbg] r]i6f ;fKtflxs klqsfdf ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ ;d]t shf{ r'Qmf gu/L cfn6fn u/L c6]/ e} a;]sf]n] tklzndf pNn]lvt lwtf] ;'/If0f ;DklQ lnnfd las|L u/L o; ;+:yfsf] n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ ug{sf nflu lwtf] lnnfd las|L ;DjlGw #% lbg] ;'rgf ldlt @)*)÷)(÷!& ut] sfe|] 6fOD; klqsfdf ;"rgf k|sfzLt ul/Psf]df pNn]lvt Dofbleq sf]xL s;}sf] klg af]nkq gk/]sf] x'gfn] k'g lwtf] lnnfd las|L ;DjlGw #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzLt ul/Psf] 5 . tkl;ndf pNn]lvt Dofbleq lwtf] ;'/If0f ;DklQ lnnfd las|Ldf ;xefuL x'g af]nkq v/Lb u/L lng OR5s ;+3, ;+:yf, kmd{, sDklg tyf ;a{;fwf/0f dxfg'efjx?n] of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbg leq cfk'mn] sjf]n u/]sf] /sd ;lxtsf] lznaGbL af]nkq k]z ug'{x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f} . lnnfd las|Ldf pQm ;'/If0f lwtf] ;DklQ s;}n] g;sf/]df jf l/t k'j{s af]nkq gk/]df a}s tyf ljlQo ;+:yf ;DjlGw P]g @)&# sf] bkmf %& ,;xsf/L P]g @)&$ / s/f/ P]g @)%^ tyf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lwtf] ;'/If0f ;DklQ o; ;+:yf cfkm}n] ;sf/ u/L lng] Aoxf]/f ;d]t ;DjlGwt ;j}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . lwtf] n]lvlbPsf] ;DklQ lnnfd las|L ubf{ jf ;+:yf cfkm}n] ;sf/ ubf{ ;fljsdf ;+:yfaf6 ePsf] d"NofÍg eGbf sd d'Nodf las|L eof] jf d]/f]÷xfd|f] ;DklQsf] plrt d'No k|fKt geO{ sd d'Nodf las|L eof] jf ;+:yf cfkm}n] ;sf/ u/L lnof] egL sxL st} ph"/ afh"/ ug{ kfpg 5}g . ;fy} ;'/If0f /xs]f ;Dk"0f{ lwtf] lnnfd las|Laf6 klg o; ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;"n pk/ gePdf ;DjlGwt C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{x?sf] cGo rn crn hfoh]yf ;DklQaf6 ;d]t c;'n pk/ u/L lng] / C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{nfO{ a}s tyf ljlQo ;+:yf ;DjlGw P]g @)&# sf] bkmf %& -!!_ adf]lhd sfnf] ;'rLdf ;dfa]z ul/g] Aoxf]/f ;d]t ;DjlGwt ;j}nfO{ ;"lrt u/fOG5 . tkzLn

C0fLsf] ljj/0f

w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s,

lwtf] /f]Ssf /x]sf] ;DklQ ljj/0f

gfd M– lbks kl/of/ afa'sf] gfd M– an/fd kl/of/ afh]sf] gfd M– xl/s[i0f kl/of/ :yfoL 7]ufgf M– nlntk'/, rfkfufFp–& gf= k|=g+= M– &!$@ hfl/ ldlt / lhNnf M– @)%*÷)(÷!^ nlntk'/

lbks kl/of/sf] gfddf dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]sdf btf{ >]:tf sfod /x]sf] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf HofDbL uf=lj=;, j8f g+= ^ lsQf g+= @@$ sf] &–)–!–# If]qkmn ePsf] hUuf / ;f] n] rr}{sf] lnunufkft ;d]t .

lnnfdsf zt{x? !_ ;DkQL lnnfdsf] sfo{ ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf ldlt @)*) ÷!@÷@@ ut] lbp;f] $ ah];Dd ul/g]5 . pQm lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf k/]sdf ;f]sf] ef]lnkN6 ul/g]5 . @_ lnnfd ;sf/ ug]{ JolQmn] 8fFs a9fa9 u/]sf] /sdsf] !)Ü /sd ;+:yfdf jf ;+:yfsf] k|e' a}+sdf /x]sf] ;bfHof]lt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln sf] vftf g+= @$&&)()(&^!)))!* df w/f}6L :j?k bflvnf ug'{kg}{5 . #_ lnnfd laqmL ;sf/ ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq ;+:yfdf afFsL /sd bflvnf u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 . ;dodf bflvnf gu/]df zt{ eª\u dflg w/f}6L /sd hkmt e} lnnfd laqmLsf] lwtf] bf=vf= u/L ;+:yfn]g} ;sf/ ug]{5 . $_ lnnfd k|ls|of ;b/ ab/ x'g' cufj} C0fLn] ;Dk"0f{ C0f /sd a'emfPdf k|fKt af]nkqx? /2 u/L w/f}6L lkmtf{ lbg ;lsg]5 . w/f}6L :j?k /x]sf] /sddf s'g} Aofh bfjL x'g] 5}g . %_ k|fKt ePsf] af]nkqx? k]z ug]{ JoQmL jf ;DalGwt lgsfosf k|ltlglwsf] /xf]j/df vf]lng]5 . olb af]nkq k]z ug]{ JoQmLx? Jff k|ltlglw af]nkq vf]Ng] ;dodf pkl:yt gePdf s'g} afwf ePsf] dflgg]5}g . ^_ s;}n] af]n saf]n gu/]df ;DalGwt lwtf] /lvPsf] ;DklQ o;} ;+:yfn] ;sf/ ul/g]5 .

xflb{s awfO{

@)*) kmfu'g !# ut]b]lv @% ut];Dd

:jf:Yo sfof{no

yfkfn] ljZjljBfnosf] pb]Zo cg'?ksf] u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg dfq} geO{ l;k, Aojxf/Ls 1fg / k|ljlw tyf cg';Gwfgdf ;d]t Wofg lbPsf] atfP . cGt/fli6« o :t/df sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnon] cfkm\gf] 5jLnfO{ prf] agfpFb} lzIff / :jf:Yosf If]qdf yk gofF sfo{ k|f/De ug{ nfu]sf] atfP . …/]o'sfO{ cfFvf c:ktfnn] Hof]tL b]vfpg] / hf]ufpg] sfo{ u/]sf] 5Ú– k|f=8f yfkfn] eg]– …;/n, ;xh ?kn] gful/sx?nfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnon] lzIff / cg';Gwfg d'ns sfo{df yk ;xsfo{ ug{] 5 .Ú cGt{/fli6«o :t/df lrgfpg sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnon] yk kl/of]hgf ;+rfng ug{' kg{] atfpFb} g]kfnsf] pRr lzIffnfO{ cem} dfyL k'¥ofpg w]/} sfo{ ug{ afFsL /x]sf] atfP . pQm sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbks'df/ uf}td, ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSo, pkk|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f, ljZjljBfnosf 8Lgx?, c:ktfnsf sd{rf/Lx?, ljleGg ljBfnosf lzIfsx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . c:ktfnn] ag]kf gu/kflnsf leq /x]sf ljleGg ljBfnosf lzIfsx?nfO{ afnaflnsfx?df cfFvfdf nfUg] /f]u / hf]lvdsf cj:yf, To;sf] Go"lgs/0fnfO{ lzIfsx?sf] e"ldsf ;DjGwL cled'vLs/0f lbPsf] lyof] . ;f]lx cj;/df c:ktfnn] lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt / ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] cfly{s / sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf lgdf{0f ePsf] rf/ tNn] lnkm\6sf] pb\3f6g ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm lnkm\6 lgdf{0fsf nflu lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] ^) / ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] $) k|ltzt u/L $( nfv @% xhf/ vr{ ePsf] 5 . lj/fdLx?sf nflu lnkm\6 cTofjZos / dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] c:ktfnsf dxf;lrj lx/fd0fL zdf{n] atfP .

lwtf] lnnfd ljqmL ug]{ af/] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf

bfb'/f–?a]nf vf]k cleofg

vf]k cleofgdf lbOg] bfb'/f–?a]nf vf]k yk dfqf ePsf]n] klxnf hltk6s nufPsf] ePklto; cleofgdf clgjfo{ yk dfqf bfb'/f–?a]nfvf]k nufpg' k5{ .

lbg]5g . lrlsT;f / :jf:Yosf] jt{dfg / eljiosf cfjZostfx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ z}lIfs sfo{qmdx¿sf] ljsf; / sfo{fGjogsf ;Defjgfx¿ cGj]if0f ug{]5g . b]zsf] lj1fg If]qdf ;d]t ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . b'a} kIfx¿ cfk;L lxtsf If]qdf ljBfyL{, z}lIfs / k|fljlws sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;Lk / 1fg clej[l4 ug{] p2]Zon] cf–cfkm\gf ;+sfox¿sf nflu ;+o'Qm k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdx¿ cfof]hgf ug{ k|lta4 5g\ .

To:t} b'a} kIfx¿ cg';Gwfg lgisif{x¿, k|sfzgx¿, / z}lIfs ;fdu|Lx¿ ;lxt z}lIfs hfgsf/L ;femf ug{ ;xdt 5g . pgLx¿sf] ljz]if1tfsf] ;DalGwt If]qx¿sf] yk Jofks ;demnfO{ ;'ljwf lbg tof/ ePsf 5g\ . ;+o'Qm cg';Gwfg / z}lIfs k|of;x¿sf] kl/0ffd xf] ls ;+o'Qm z}lIfs k|sfzgx¿, z}lIfs ;fdu|Lsf] ljsf;, / cGo pTkfbgx¿ k|j4{g ug{ b'j} kIfx¿ ldn]/ sfd ug{]5g . cg';Gwfg / lzIffsf] u' 0 f:t/ a9fpg k| o f] u zfnf ;'ljwfx¿,pks/0f / ljlwx¿df dfq ;Lldt geP/ k|fljlws ljz]if1tfsf] ;fem]bf/LnfO{ b'j} kIfn] ;lqmo ¿kdf k|j4{g ug{]5g . ;Demf}tf adf]lhd s'g} klg ;+o'Qm kl/of]hgf ultljlwx¿ jf z}lIfs sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|f/Desf] nflu, s'g} klg ;xof]uL pkqmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{ 5'§} kl/of]hgf -ljz]if ;Demf}tf sfo{fGjog ul/g]5 ._ lqmofsnfkx? ;+rfng ;DaGwL cfly{s dfldnfx? cfk;L ;xdltaf6 to ul/g]5 . ;xdlt x:tfIf/ ePsf] ldltb]lv nfu" x'g]5 / % jif{sf] cjlwsf nflu nfu" x'g]5 . s'g} klg kIfn] csf{] kIfnfO{ 5 dlxgfsf] lnlvt ;"rgf lbP/ of] ;Demf}tf /2 ug{ ;S5 . ;Demf}tf sfo{qmddf sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt k|f=8f=ef]nf

g]kfn x[bo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fg sfe|]sf] @( cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef tyf #) cf}+ :yfkgf lbj;af6 kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt g]kfn afudtL k|b]z k|d'v u|f]a]g tf}hn] jl/i7 pkfWoIfdf, ;Nnfxsf/ ;l/tf zfSo ;x–sf]iffWoIf kbdf, kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7 ;lrj kbdf tyf dlxnf kt~hnL of]u ;ldltsf sf]iffWoIf lgd{nf >]i7 ;b:o kbdf nufot kt~hnL of]u ;ldltsf z'elrGtsx? l6sfeQm ef]l5ef]of cWoIfdf, pkfWoIf l;l4 sdf{rfo{, sf]iffWoIf /fdKof/L >]i7, ;x;lrj ;Togf/fo0f efn' >]i7, ;b:ox?df lj¶n l;s' >]i7, dx]Gb| hf]zL, ;j{>L clwsf/L, ljZjgfy tfd|fsf/ lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt Pj+ dgf]gLt ;b:ox?df 8f= clgif hf]zL, kNnjL k|wfg / ;ljgf >]i7 x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

k|sfz sfo:y

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pkfWoIf

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s] 5================ motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

Tof] lbg d ;Demg rfxGg“ =========== clxn] a'afn] xfdLnfO{ 5f8]/ hfg' ePsf] klg nueu b'O{ jif{ k'Uof] / /Lof /fd|f];Fu gaf]n]sf] klg. pm :s'n guPsf] nueu *–( dlxgf klg k'Ug nfUof]. slxn] sf]7faf6 lrRrfPsf] cfjfh cfpF5 t slxn] a'af eGb} /f]Psf]. …vfGgF s] d slt eGg' Tolx Pp6} s'/f klg, 5\ofÚ eGb} l/of leq sf]7faf6 emsf]{ dfGb} pQ/ kmsf{pF5] . cfˆgf ;Gtfgsf] k]6 eg{ cl3 ;/]sL tL cfdf ToxL 9f]sf aflx/ dg lvGg agfP/ a:g afWo x'lG5g\ . kfr F f}F k6s;Dd ToxL 9f]sf;uF af]n] ;/x dx;'; u/]sL d]/L cfdfnfO{ 5}7f}F k6s eg] ems]{sf] g} cfjfh cfpbFf klg dgnfO{ s]xL /fxt kSs} ldNof] xf]nf . dg t kSs} lyof] xf]nf pxfn F fO{, …cfpm g 5f]/L, clnslt ?r]sf] hlt vfpmFÚ eGg] t/ lbgx's F f] ToxL sf]nfxn s} sf/0f hGd lbg] cfdfn] ;d]t xf/ vfg yfln ;s]sL lyOg\ . ;w+} pxL vfgfsf] ;Tofgfz Û g t Tolt ldlxg]t u/]/ h;sf lglDt ksfO{Psf] xf] To;n] vfG5, g t ldx]gt ug]{ dfG5]n] g} . x'g klg s'g cfdfnfO{ cfˆgf ;Gtfg vfnL k]6 ;'Tbf, cfkm" eg] k]6 e/]/ ;'Tg] OR5f g} hfU5 / < xfd|f] 3/ t clxn] d;fg3f6 ;/x x'g k'u]sf] 5 . g s;}sf] d'xf/df d':sfg g} 5, g t s;} k|ltsf] ;b\efj . ;w}+ alxgL cfˆgf] sf]7fdf d:t, d xf]:6]ndf Jo:t / cfdf clkm;d} . 3/df rxn kxn ePsf] eg] /LofnfO{ lkml6Ss} dg kb}{g . dg kb}{g klg s'g d'vn] eg"F, s]xLjif{ cl3;Dd sf]xL kfx'gf cfP x'?Ss x'bF } ;j{k|yd 9f]sf vf]Ng] pm g} x'GyL . 3/sf] kmf]gdf 306L aHgf ;fy pm ToxfF k'u]/ kmf]g p7fO slxn]sflxF t sf] xf] ;d]t glrgL cfˆgf ld7f ukmdf e'n]/} a:yL . hf] klg gofF kfx'gfkf5f cfP hfg] a]nfdf s;}n] k};f, s;}n] rsn]6 lbb}}F slt /l;nL 5f]/L kfpg' eP5 eGb} a'afcfdfsf] gfs nfdf] kfl/lbGy] . 3/df PSn} tL gof–FgofF cfw'lgs oGqdf em'lDdP/ a:g' eGbf a¿ sf]xL dfG5];uF ;do latfpg pm a9L ?rfpyFL . h;sf/0f nvt/fg k/]/ cfpbFf ;d]t a'afcfdfn] pm ;uF a;]/ cg'xf/df d':sfg NofO aftlrt gu/L p;nfO{ slxNo} lrQ a'‰b}g lyof] . ;fg}b]lv 3'Dg eg] kl5 pm slxNo} kl5 x6]sf] d}n] yfxf kfPsf] 5}g . hltkN6 klg Pp6} 7fpF hfpmeFGbf pm slxNo} gfO{ gf:tL ub}{gyL .

p;nfO{ lgnf] cfsfzdf afbnsf gof–FgofF 9fr F fx¿ lgofNb} lztn atf;df ;'s]sf kft ;/x e'mNb} cfˆgf] 38Lsf] ;do latfp glgs} cfglGbt dx;'; x'GYof] . slxn] sf]OnLsf] s'x's'x'df t slxn] eª\u]/fsf] lr/la/df dUg x'g] p ToxL /dfpbF} gof–FgofF dfG5];uF klg l5§} em'lDdGyL . Tolt dfq geP/ /ftsf] ;dodf 3/sf ;a} ;b:o hDdf x'g' cufj} pm w]/}h;f] eg] 3/sf] sf}zLdf tL rlDsnf tf/f d} /Dg Jo:t x'GyL . hf8f] ofddf sltk6s t a'jfn] lr;f] nfU5 egL ;DemfpbF} tn emf/] klg ef]lnkN6 km]l/ o;f] df}sf 5f]kL ToxL tf/fx¿sf dfem /Dg pm slxNo} kl5 xl6\bgyL . ;fyL w]/} ePs} sf/0f klg xf]nf, p;df :s'n hfg] eg] kl5 a]Un} :km'tL{ b]vf k¥Yof{] . ;w}F klxnf] x'g] ePsf sf/0f klg p;n] lzIfsx¿af6 a]Un} dfof, :g]x kfpg] u/]sf sxfgLx¿ pm xfdLnfO{ 3/ cfP/ ;'gfO{ xfNyL / xfdL dfem klg :ofaf;L kfpg] cfzf /fVyL . ;a}sL Kof/L /LofnfO{ b]v]/ sltk6s t dnfO{ cfˆg} alxgL dfly klg 8fxf nfUg] u¥Yof] .

Ps lbgsf] s'/f xf], a'jf clkm;af6 Gofp/f] cg'xf/ ;fy 3/ kms{g'eof] . ;w}F 3/sf] lrGtf 3/d} / clkm;sf] lrGtf clkm;df g} eGg] a'jfsf] cg'xf/ dlng b]Vbf d'6' PSsf;L 9'Ss km'n]/ cfof] . d x:ofª\km:ofª\ub}{ a'afsf] glhs k'u]+, …s] eof], a'jf <Ú egL k|Zg ug{ vf]Hbf d cfkm}F k|Zg ug{ c;dy{ /x]+F . lsg dnfO{ Tof] lbg Tolt ;f]Wg ;d]t c;xh nfUof], d}n] clxn];Dd klg To:sf] pQ/ km]nf kf/]sL 5}g . xftdf kfgL lnP/ cfpg' ePsf] cfdfn] kfgL lbb}F eGg'eof] …xh'/nfO{ ;~rf] ePg sf] s;f] <Ú Tof] ;'g;fg dfxf]ndf ;"o{ pbfo ;/x ;Ggf6f km'6fOlbg' eof] . lbSs dfGb}, …s] eGg' vf]O Û b]zdf Tof] 3fts sf]/f]gf eGg] /f]u lbgx'F lbg emg\ a9\bf] 5 /] . cfkm" km]l/ cfkm}+ c:ktfndf sfd ug]{ dfG5] kl/of], qf;} qf; afx]s s]xL 5}g . s'g lbg xfdL rf/} hgf Ps} 7fpdFf kf]sf] kg{' kf] kg]{ xf] ls .Ú eGb} a'af kfgL lkpg nfUg' eof] . a'afsf] Tof] clGtd jfSon] t d]/f] cftF} lhl/ª\ kf]

ag]kfdf gSsnL ahf/ cg'udgstf{ ag] k f÷ag] k fsf ljleGg k;nx?df gSsnL ahf/cg'udgstf{ ag]/ Aoj;foLx?nfO{ 7Ub} lx8]sf] cleof]udf :yfgLox?n] u/]sf] ph'/Lsf cfwf/df k|x/Ln] b'O{ hgfnfO{ kqmfp u/L cg';Gwfg z'? u/]sf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ % 3l;nf dfu{ l:yt /x]sf a]s/L k;nx?df pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f d~raf6 cg'udgsf] nfuL cfPsf] atfpFb} k;nsf] btf{ k|df0fkq / gDa/, vfBsf] k|df0fkq dfu]sf]df df]afO{ndf b]vfpFbf k;ndf lsg g/fv]sf]

agfO{ lbof] . t/ cfdf eg] …olt ;f/f] lrGtf klg glng';\ g xh'/ . ;/sf/ ca l5§} ns8fpg ug]{ s'/f ub}{5, x/fp5F Sof hfaf o:tf /f]ux¿ Û s]lx ug{ ;Sb}g xfdL h:tf l98Ff] vfP/ x's]{sfnfO{ To:tf t'R5 ljb]zL /f]un] .Ú OToflb eGb} ;fGTjgf lbb} x'g'x'GYof] . Tof] /ft dnfO{ a'afsf] lrlGtt cg'xf/ ;Dem]/, ToxL qf;s} sf/0f cfv F } nfu]g s]an dgdf cgluGtL s'/fx¿ v]Ng eg] 5f8]gg\ . cfdfn] eg] ;/x g} ;/sf/n] s]xL lbgd} cfkTsfnLg ns8fpg 3f]if0ff ul/lbof] . h;sf/0f emg\ emg\ ql;t g]kfnLsf] ;ª\Vof a9\bf] lyof] . ql;t tL g]kfnL hgtf s]jn laxfg dfq} d'vdf dfS;, xftdf kGhfsf ;fy b]lvg yfn] . c:ktfndf la/fdLsf] 3'Or F f] emg\ a9\g yfNof] . Tolt dfq geP/ tL la/fdLnfO{ pkrf/ ug]{ 8fS6/x¿ ;d]t Tof] /f]usf] l;sf/ aGg afWo x'g yfn] . dflg;x¿ 8fS6/ eg] kl5 dgdf ca c5't ;/x efjgf /fvL pgLx¿af6 klG5g yfn] . h;sf/0f a'af klg 3/df xfdLaf6 6f9f /xg yfNg' ePsf] lyof] . kSs} klg xfdLaf6 6f9f /xg pxfn F fO{ xfd|} dfof, :g]xn] g} afWo agfPsf] lyof] . /Lof eg] a'af;uF uP/ olt w]/} s'/f eGg' 5 egL ;w}F hfg lh2L ul/ /xGyL . la8Djgf t ta eof], ha ;fRFr} a'afnfO{ klg Tof] lgb{oL /f]un] 5f8]g . To; lbg kl5 t emg\ 3/df ;Ggf6fsf ;fy} qf; klg a9\g yfNof] . cfdf eg] xfdLnfO{ sf]7f aflx/ ;d]t cfpg lbg' x'bF}g lyof] t/ cfkm" eg] x/avt ;t{stf ckgfP/ a'afsf] x]/rfx d} tNnLg x'g'x'GYof] .

Ps /ft a'jfnfO{ ToxL lgb{oL /f]un] ;fx}| rfk]5 . cfdfn] a'afnfO{ xtfl/bF}, cflQb} c:ktfn tkm{ bf}8fpbFf b'O{ glhs c:ktfnn] 7fpF gePsf] egL kmsf{P 5g\ . wGg, Ps c:ktfndf xtf/ xtf/ k'¥ofpbFf a'jfsf] cj:yf lgs} gfh's eO;s]sf] yfxf kfP/ pkrf/ ;'? ug{ nfUbf l7s ToxL ;dodf a'jfn] ;+;f/ 5f]8\g k'Ug' ePsf] /x]5 . xfdLn] cfˆg} a'afsf] cg'xf/ s]jn Ps clGtd k6s eg]/ slxn] x]g{ klg kfPgf} . alxgL ;fg}

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cfjfh cfp5F t slxn] a'af eGb} /f]Psf] . vfgf vfg lg:sbFf klg p;sf] emu8f ;'? eO{ xfN5 . slxn] cfdfnfO{ e'tfNg k'U5] t slxn] ;/fKg . Ps dlxgf hlt cl3 t emg\, cfdfnfO{, …t}n] g} xf] dnfO{ d]/f] a'afaf6 6f9f agfPsf] . cfkm" dfq} a'af;uF hflGy;\, dnfO{ d]/f] a'af lkmtf{ b] ÛÚ eGb} sf]7faf6 aflx/ lg:sbFf t xfdL ;a} crDddf k/]sf lyof}F . p;n] slxn] s;f] aflx/ lg:s]/ vfgf vfbfF klg cfdfsf] d'xf/ rlDsnf] x'G5 . p;nfO{ 8fS6/nfO{ gb]vfPsf] klg xf]Og, klxn] klxn] cfkm}+ 8fS6/ sxfF hfGyL t/ clxn] 8fS6/nfO{ 3/d} af]nfpbFf ;d]t pm 9f]sf vf]Ng cfgfsfgL u5]{ . /ftL slxNo} p;nfO{ lg›f gkgf{n] ;w} ToxL l;lNkª lkn vfP/ ;'Tg pm afWo x'G5] .

5bfF klg s]xL /x]g5, of] /f]usf] t emg\ pkfo klg . p;n] cem} klg st} s]xL a'jfsf] af/]df b]vL eg] PSsf;L p;sf] z/L/ cfkm}+ sfKg yfN5, d'vaf6 cfPsf] y'ssf] lkmFhn] Ps hu el/g k'U5 . slt ;'vL kl/jf/af6, s:tf] g/s eof] of] kl/jf/ eGb} cfdf lbgx'F lbg cfkm"nfO{ g} lwsfg{' x'G5 . of] lgb{oL sf]/f]gfn] Ps ;b:o t vf];L nUof] clg ev{/ kmqmg nfu]sL d]/L sf]lknf ;/xsL alxgLnfO{ emg\ eofgs /f]usf] l;sf/ x'g afWo agfO{ lbof] . s'g} lbg /ftsf] p;nfO{ s]xL kjf{x 5}g, s]jn kjf{x 5 t a'af kmsL{ cfpg] Tof] /ftsf] . slxn]sflxF o;f] ;f]Rbf t dg eSsflgP/ cfp5F, a'af;uF xf;FL v'zL a:g gkfPsf] t nueu b'O{ jif{ eof] . To;sf ;fy} d]/L Tolt /l;nL alxgL;uF v'n]/ gxf;F]sf], ;u}F a;]/ ukm gu/]sf] ;d]t em08} @ jif{ kf] k'lu ;s]5 . ca km]l/ slxn] cfpn F fg tL d]/L alxgL;uF xf:Fb}, /dfpbF} latfpg] lbgx¿ .

cfof{ sfO]/fnf a9"flgns07 :sn", sIff !@ -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]n'sf * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

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tkfO{nfO{ sf/afxL x'G5, tkfO{sf] k;n l;n ul/lbG5' elg 8/ b]vfO{ bz xhf/ hl/jgf eGb} nu]sf lyP . plgx? k'gM a]s/L k;n lt/ k;]sf] cj:yfdf :yfgLx?n] k|x/LnfO{ va/ u/]sf lyP . k|x/Ln] pQm sfo{df ;+nUg ePsf eQmk' / lhNnf ;' o { l agfos gu/kflnsf & 3/ ePsf %) alif{o jf;'b]j Go}kfg] / sf7df8f} lhNnf sf7df8f} dxfgu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ @( 3/ eO{ eQmk'/ ;'o{ljgfos & a:g] %! alif{o /f]zg kf]v/]nnfO{ kqmfp u/L cg';Gwfg z'? u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 .

;fufF÷u|];Nof08 dfWolds ljBfnosf] @$ cf} jflif{s pT;a tyf cleefjs lbj; KofA;gsf s]lGb|o pk dxf;lrj led;] g s] ; Lsf] k| d ' v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . k|d'v cltyL s];Ln] ;+:yfut ljBfnox?df ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k9fO{ ;Fu} k|of]ufTds lzIff lbFb} cfPsf] atfP . ;+:yfut ljBfnodf 3f]sGt] lzIff dfq} k|bfg ul/G5 eGg] cf/f]ksf] v08g ub}{ s];Ln] ;+:yfut h:tf] u'0f:t/Lo / k|of]ufTds lzIff cGo ljBfnon] lbg gS;g] atfP . ljBfyL{x?sf] Ifdtf / plgx?sf] efjgf cg';f/ ljBfnon] lzIff k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] atfpFb} s];Ln] ;+:yfut ljBfnonfO{ /fHon]

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ePsfn] p;nfO{ o;sf] va/ lbOPg t/ p;sf] a'afnfO{ x]g{ t8\lkPsf] cfv F fsf] lh2Lkg eg] kl5 x6]sf] lyPg . sfhlqmof ug{sf nflu xfd|f h]7f sfsf ;]tf] wf]tL a]/]/ rflxg] ;b{d ldnfpg}df Jo:t x'g' x'GYof] . cfdf ;w}F 5f]/f]sf] sdL dx;'; ug{'sf] Ps sf/0f cfh}sf lbgsf nflu klg xf]nf . s:tf] k/Dk/f x} xfd|f], ToxL sf]vaf6 hlGdPsf] 5f]/f]n] eg] ;a} sfhlqmof ug{ x'g] t/ Pp6} ue{af6 hlGdPsL 5f]/Ln] eg] Tof] sfdaf6 ;/f;/ klG5g' kg]{ . s] uNtL lyof] / lar/f Tof] lzz'sf] h;n] cfˆgf] cfdfa'afsf] clGtd sfo{ ;d]t ug{ gkfpg] eP/ hGdgnfO{ < Ps b'O{ lbg kf] s'/f n'sfpg ;lsG5 t, To;kl5 t ;fr F f] s'/f] slt lbg k]6df /xf];\ . la:tf/} v]nfO{ a'emfO /LofnfO{ ca a'jf slxNo} kms]{/ cfpg' x'Gg eGbf p;nfO{ kTofpg lgs} ufx|f] eof] . x'g klg ca p;sf tL a'afnfO{ eG5' eg]/ 8fo/Ldf l6k]/ /fv]sf tL 36gfx¿ ca s;nfO{ ;'gfpg] eg]/ dgdf lrGtf nfUof] xf]nf . ca s;n] clkm;af6 cfpbFf dfofn] cuFfnf] xfn]/ 7"nf–7"nf rsn]6 lbP/ sfvdf /fvL ld7f–ld7f ukm u5{ eGg] ;f]r klg cfof] xf]nf . ca d / pm lar emu8f kbf{ s;n] cfP/ d]/L Kof/L ;fgLsf] s]xL uNtL 5}g x} eg]/ s'/f ldnfO{ lbG5 xf]nf eGg] s'/fn] kSs} p;sf] dgdf r;Ss xfGof] xf]nf . xfdLn] Tolt eg]kl5 p;sf cfz F 'sf wf/f t avf{df kg]{ kfgL h;/L lbg/ft nuftf/ eml//x\of] . p;nfO{ nfUof] xf]nf, d]/f] a'afn] dnfO{ o;/L PSn} 5f8]/ t slxNo} st} hfg' x'b}gYof] t/ emg\ slxNo} gkms{g] u/]/ PSn} kf] hfg' eP5 . x/]s lbg /ft pm a'afsf] kmf]6f] cuFfn]/ ;'s;'s u/]/ a;]sf] d]/f] sf]7f;Dd ;'lgG5 . a'af clkm;af6 cfpg] ;dodf emg a9L Gof;|f] nfUg' klg :jefljs g} xf] . clxn] a'afn] xfdLnfO{ 5f8]/ hfg' ePsf] klg nueu b'O{ jif{ k'Uof] / /Lof /fd|f];uF gaf]n]sf] klg . pm :s'n guPsf] nueu *–( dlxgf klg k'Ug nfUof] . slxn] sf]7faf6 lrRrfPsf]

x]g{] b[li6sf]0f cem} kIfkft /x]sf] atfP . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf lk|lG;kn ;'h]Gb| >]i7n] ljBfnodf z}lIfs ;q @)*) df % ;o &) ljBfyL{x?n] cWoog ul//x]sf] atfP . ljBfnodf ul/a tyf h]x]Gbf/ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljz]if 5fqfa[lQ k|bfg, lzIfsx?nfO{ tflnd, cGt/ ljBfno ljleGg k|ltof]lutf h:tf sfo{x? ub{} cfPsf] >]i7n] atfP . ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k9fO{;Fu} plgx?;Fu ePsf] IfdtfnfO{ k|of]ufTds ?kdf / Aojxfl/s ?kdf ljBfnon] ptf/]sf] bflj u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ !# sf j8f cWoIf /fdnfn b'jfn, lgj{tdfg j8f cWoIf ;'o{gf/fo0f

gflkt, KofA;gsf s]lGb|o ;b:o k'0f{s'df/ >]i7, k'j{ s]lGb|o ;b:o ;Togf/fo0f >]i7, KofA;gsf lhNnf cWoIf Zofdaxfb'/ e'h]n, KofA;gsf k|f1 ;Nnfxsf/ ;/f]h Gof}kfg], kgf}tL KofA;gsf cWoIf ljdn Gof}kfg], w'lnv]n KofA;gsf cWoIf d'lQmgfy l/hfn, ljleGg ljBfnosf lk| l G;knx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{x?n] tof/ kf/]sf] ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd, z}lIfs k|b{zgL, :sfp6 lqmofsnfk, k|ToIf snf k|b{zgL, km'8 :6n nufPt k|b{zgL ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj h]i7 ;~rfns ;b:o s]zanfn k|wfgsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

jf To:tf AolQmx?af6 hUuf lkmtf{ ug{ u[x dGqfnon] eg]sf] 5 . s;}sf] lghL xs btf{ ef]urngdf /x]sf] afx]ssf] ;fj{hlgs Pj+ ;/sf/L :jfldTj /x]sf] P]nfgL, ;lGw;k{g, uf}r/g, 3f6 cfbL hUufx? sfg'g ljk/Lt s;}n] cfˆgf] gfddf btf{ u/]sf] jf vf; p2]Zo k|of]hgsf nflu s'g} ;+:yfsf] ef]urng jf lgoGq0df /xg] u/L ;'Dk]sf] jf lhDdf lbPsf ;fj{hlgs / ;/sf/L hUufx? anhkm\tL cltqmd0f jf sAhf u/L lghL ?kdf btf{ u/]sf], bflvn vf/]h jf rng rnfO{ xs x:tfGt/0f u/]sf], nfdf] ;do;Dd lgoGq0f aflx/ /xg] u/L lnhdf lbPsf] jf p2]Zo ljk/Lt lghL sfod u/L u/fO{ b'?kof]u u/]sf] kfO{Pdf To:tf] sfo{ ug{] AolQmnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd sf/jfxl u/L k'j{jt ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs, ;lGw;k{g, P]nfgL cfbL ?kdf sfod ug{] k|of]hgsf nflu ;To tYo ;"rgf ;lxtsf] ljj/0f ;+sng u/L u[x dGqfnodf k7fpg / To:tf] sfo{ ug{] pk/, k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd sf/jfxL k|s[of cl3 a9fpgsf nflu ;DjlGwt ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo;Fu ;dGjo ug{ ;a} lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nonfO{ lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5 . To:tf ;"rgf eP gful/sx?nfO{ klg ;"rgf jf k|df0f ;lxt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nonfO{ lbg' x'g clkn u/]sf] 5 .

vf]k ;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfdf bfb'/f ?a]nf /f]u lj?4sf] vf]k cleofg ef]ln kmfu'g !* b]vL @@ ut] ;Dd ;~rfng x'g] :jf:Yo zfvf k|d'v cflz; zdf{ s8]+nn] atfP . ag]kf gu/kflnsfdf afnaflnsfx? ( dlxgf b]lv % jif{ d'gL pd]/ ;d'xsf # xhf/ & ;o !% /x]sf hgfPsf lyP . gu/sf] !$ j6f j8fsf $$ j6f vf]k s]Gb|af6 vf]k cleofg ;~rfng ul/g] s8]+nn] atfP . lgoldt vf]ksf] cltl/Qm vf]k cleofg xf], afnaflnsfx?nfO{ bfb'/f ?j]nf h:tf] k|f0f3fts ;?jf /f]uaf6 ;+qmd0f x'g glbg, lzz' / afn d[To'b/ sd ug{ tyf ljZjd} g]kfnaf6 bfb'/f ?a]nf /f]u @)@^ ;Dd cGTo ug{ ] u/L ;a} afnaflnsfx?nfO{ g5' 6 fO{ s g vf] k cleofg ;+rfng ug{] u/L Aoj:yfkg ul/Psf] atfPsf] lyP . cled'vLs/0f sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSon] ag]kfdf pQm cleofg ;kmn kfg{ ;a} hgk|ltlglw, :jf:YosdL{, :j+d;]ljsx?, ljBfnosf lzIfs, cleefas ;lxt nfu]/ sf]lxklg afnaflnsf vf]k nfpg af6 5'6\g gx'g] zfSon] atfP . cled'vLs/0f sfo{qmddf pk–k|d'v ljdnf ;fksf]6f, k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]nf rfkfufO{, j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{kflnsf ;b:o, ljleGg zfvfsf k| d ' v , hg:jf:Yo lg/LIfs dx]Zj/sfhL >]i7 nufPtsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;~rfng zfvfsL l;tf e§/fO{ >]i7n] ;~rfng u/]sL lyO{g\ .

;6/ ef8fdf sfof{no, k;n tyf uf]bfdsf] nflu ag]kf gu/kflnsf k5fl8 t'N6L dfu{ cfTd1fg ;Fu} /x]sf] ejg÷;6/ ef8fdf . OR5's JolQmn] ;Dks{ ug{'xf]nf . ;Dks{ (*%!)^)^*$, (*$()!%%$(

-@)*) kmfu'g !&–@#_

@# ut] ljho PsfbzL a|t .

cfh ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'g]5, !*–@) ut];Dd lrQdf r+rntf ;fy} k]6df ljsf/ cfpnf, afFsL lbgdf zq'efj ldqdf kl/0ft ;fy} cfo a9\g]5 . dGq M ç u+ u0fkto gd M . ;ftfsf] cGTo !*–@) ut];Dd df]6f] wg/fzL vr{ xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf /f]uaf6 d'lQm, pkxf/ cflb j:t' k|flKt ;fy} wg cfudgsf] gofF af6f] j[l4 xf]nf . dGq M ç /fdfo gdM . ;ftfsf] dWo !*–@) ut];Dd vr{ j[l4 ;fy} ckh; ;xg'knf{, afFsL lbgdf sfo{df ;kmntf, z/L/df lg/f]lutf k|flKt, efUof]bosf] ;do ;fy} sd{ k|flKt x'g]5 . dGqM ç gju|xEof] gd M.

j[if

sGof

ds/

!&–@) ut];Dd ;do z'e /x]sfn] bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt ;fy} cfsl:ds wgnfe x'g]5, @!–@@ ut];Dd ;dfhdf ckdfgsf] eo /xnf, a'waf/ k9fO{df ?lr a9\nf . dGq M ç pdfdx]Zj/fo gd M . !&–@) ut];Dd k"/} /fHoaf6 ;'v nfe, Jofkf/af6 dg1 wg k|flKt xf]nf, @!–@@ ut];Dd dfgl;s lrGtf j[l4 xf]nf, clGtd lbg ;dfhdf gofF JolQmTj k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç qmL+ sfNo} gd M .

!&–@) ut];Dd 3/df ;'v zflGt, ld7fld7f k|]d jftf{ nfe, jfxg ;'v k|flKt xf]nf, @!–@@ ut];Dd dfgl;s tyf zf/Ll/s kL8f ;xg'knf{, a'waf/ efUof]bo x'g]5 . dGq M ç x|L+ gd M .

!&–@@ ut];Dd df]6f] wg/fzL ldy'g k|flKt, dfg ;Ddfg k|flKt ;fy} af]nLsf] k|efj

;do gsf/fTds /x]sf] ss{6 x'Fbf dgdf cfh lvGgtf af]w xf]nf, afFsL

a9\gfn] sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]5, a'waf/ eg] lgb|fdf c;'ljwf cfpg ;Snf . dGq M ç z+ zq'bdgfo km6\ M . !&–@@ ut];Dd ;do cfkm\gf] cg's"ndf, ldqaf6 ;xof]u k|flKt, OlR5t sfo{ l;l4, u'?ju{af6 s[kf k|flKt xf]nf, a'waf/ rflxF rf]6k6sf] eo /xFbf ;ts{ /xg'xf]nf . dGq M ç gdM lzjfo .

lbgdf cw'/f sfo{df ;kmntf, ldi7fGg ef]hg k|flKt ;fy} aGw'sf] ;xof]u k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç b'+ b'uf{o gdM . cfh em'6f cf/f]ksf] ;fy} j[lZrs vr{ j[l4 xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf hflu/df k|df]zg, dgdf k|zGgtf, df+ulns sfo{df ;xeflutf k|flKt, a}+s Jofn]G; j[l4 xf]nf . dGq M ç e+ e+ e}/jfo gdM .

t'nf

s'De

!&–@@ ut];Dd cWoog cWofkgdf ?lr j[l4, Jofkf/df nfe ;fy} z/L/ lg/f]lu /xnf, a'waf/ ;do gs/fTds x'Fbf /f]u ;fy} zq' klg j[l4 xf]nfg\ . dGq M ç qmL+ Jofkf/ a[4o] qmL+ km6\ M .

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

cfh g/fd|f] ckgfsf] ;fy}

dLg cfkmGt;Fu dgd'6fj xf]nf, afFsLsf] lbgdf ;Gtltaf6 ;'v k|flKt, dfg kb P]Zjo{ j[l4, ofqfaf6 nfe ;fy} 3/df a6'ssf] cfudg xf]nf . dGq M ç lx/0o?kfo gd M.

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s !& @)*) kmfu'g !& ut] ljxLjf/

>L ;]tL b]jL dfWolds ljBfno e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf–$, rf}jf;, sfe]|knf~rf]s

h]i7 ;b:o ltyf{6g sfo{qmd ;DaGwL ;"rgf o; r08]Zj/L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kfsf] jflif{s sfo{of]hgf cg';f/ ;+:yfdf ;b:otf /x]sf ^) jif{b]lv &% jif{pd]/ ;d"x ;Ddsf h]i7 z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ tkl;nsf] ldlt / :yfgdf ltyf{6g e|d0f sfo{qmd x'g] ePsf]n] cfˆgf] zfl//Ls cg's"ntf :j:y ePsf h]i7 z]o/ ;b:ox?df ;+:yfdf uO{ gfd btf{ ul/lbg'x'gsf nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . tf]lsPsf] ;doeGbf k5fl8 gfd btf{ gul/g] ePsf]n] ;dodf g} gfd btf{ u/L l;6 ;'/lIft /fVg'x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . sfo{qmd ldlt M @)*) r}q !) ut] zlgjf/ \;do M ljxfgL ^M#) ah] :yfg M n8\s]Zj/ dxfb]j wfd, aNynL, kgf}tL btf{ z'Ns M ?= !)).– gfd btf{ ug{] clGtd ldlt M @)*) r}q $ ut] cfO{taf/ k'gZr M gfd btf{ ug{ gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk af]s]/ cfpg'x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fy} df3 ;Ddsf] lgoldt art ePsf ;b:ox?nfO{ dfq nlug] ePsfn] lgoldt dfl;s art clgjfo{ ul/lbg'x'g cg'/f]w 5 .

dgf]x/L kf]6], ;+of]hs

dlxnf ljsf; pk;ldlt

s[i0f k|;fb c:ktfn rf/bf]af6f], ag]kf

;:tf] / e/kbf{] pkrf/sf] nflu

lzIfs cfjZostf k|ydk6s ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*).!!.!%

o; ljBfnosf] lj=Jo=;=sf] ldlt @)*).!!.!@ ut] a;]sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o tyf lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo OsfO{ sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ldlt @)*).!!.!% ut]sf] kq ;+Vof @)*).)*! / rnfgL g+= ($! sf] lzIfs lj1fkg cg'dlt kq cg';f/ o; ljBfnodf l/Qm x'g cfPsf] dfWolds txsf] sfof{no ;+rfng tyf n]vf ljifosf] /fxt b/aGbLdf ;ft lbgsf] nflu s/f/ ;"lr / yk cf7 lbg v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffaf6 kbk"lt{ ug{sf nflu OR5's of]Uo pDd]bjf/x?af6 l/tk"j{s b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/Psf] 5 . tkl;nM lj1fkg g+= M @-@)*).)*!_ kb÷lsl;d M df=lz=÷/fxt tx M df=lj= -(–!)_ ;+Vof M ! -Ps_ ljifo M sfof{no ;+rfng / n]vf cfj]bsn] lgj]bg;fy k]z ug{'kg{] sfuhftx?M != g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk @ yfg @= z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk @÷@ yfg #= cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk @ yfg b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)*).!!.@( ut] sfof{No ;doleq b/vf:t b:t'/ M ?= !@))÷– ;Dks{ ldlt M @)*).!!.#) ut] k/LIff ldlt / :yfg M ;Dks{ ldltsf lbg tf]lsg]5 . gf]6 M b/vf:t b:t'/ ljBfnosf] glan a}+sdf /x]sf] vftf M >L ;]tL b]jL df=lj= @!%)!)!&%)))!@ gDa/df a'emfO{ a}+s ef}r/ cyjf cgnfO{g l/l;Kt k]z ug{ ;lsg] 5 . b/vf:t lbg ljBfnosf] Od]n secondarysetidevi2019@gmail.com cyjf neupanesusmi@gmail.com df cyjf ljBfnodf pkl:yt eP/ ;Dk"0f{ sfuhftx? k]z ug{ ;lsg]5 . k/LIff ;+rfng x'g] lbg ;Dk"0f{ xf8{slk kmfOn tyf ;Ssn k|df0fkq;fy cfpg'kg{] 5 . l/tk"j{s gcfPsf cfj]bg pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g . ;Dks{ g+= (*^($!**^! ljJo; cWoIf, (*^@@^)!$$ ;=k|=c=, (*^))%)$$@ k|=c=

Quality Assurance and Accrediation (QAA) k|fKt

t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SoFDk; kgf}tL, sfe|]knf~rf]s

pRr lzIffsf] If]qdf cu|0fL :yfg cf]u6\g ;kmn kgf}tL–*, l:yt t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;df

;+rflnt sfo{qmd

M.B.S. M.E.d.

4 Years - English & B.B.S. Nepali Medium

B.Ed. B.A. 10+2 Education & Humanities 4 Years - English, Nepali, Maths Population 4 Years - Sociology & Rural Development

Management

kmf]g g+= )!!–$$))@*, $$!$&&, (*$!#))*)*, (*%!!&%^## Email: tmcpanauti@gmail.com

xfd|f ;]jfx? M 48fS6/ pknAw ljxfg & ah]b]lv a]n'sf & ah];Dd .

48fS6/ e'if0f >]i7 ljxfg !! ah]b]lv lbpF;f] @ ah];Dd .

4:qL /f]u ljz]if1 lbpF;f] !@ ah]b]lv ! ah];Dd .

4xf8 hf]gL{ ljz]if1 lbpF;f] !@ ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4afn/f]u ljz]if1 x/]s lbg a]n'sf % ah] / zlgjf/ ljxfg !) ah]b]lv % ah];Dd .

4gfs sfg 3fF6L lbpF;f] ! ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4dfgl;s /f]u ljz]if1 dlxgfsf] bf]>f] zlgjf/ lbpF;f] @ ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4lel8of] PS; /] (Ultra Sound) ljxfg !!M#) ah]b]lv lbpF;f] $ ah] ;Dd .

4lgMz'Ns ;'u/ hfFr x/]s dlxgfsf] ! ut] .

h x/]s lbg ;

{g ;]jf

:qL/f]u ljz]if1 ;]jf k|To]s lbg

v'Ng] ;do M ljxfg & b]lv a]n'sf & ah];Dd

fFr x/]s gf]6 M lgMz'Ns ;'u/ h/Psf] 5 ul ? ;' ] ut dlxgfsf] !

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r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf÷;Dkfbs M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, ahf/ k|d'v÷;+jfbbftf M ab|Lk|;fb ltdlN;gf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .