Year 30 issue 11

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k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

kf}g] # nfvn] kmf]6f] lvrfP, kl/rokqsf] 6'·f] 5}g

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#) cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ #) c+s !! @)*) df3 $ ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 18 Jan. 2024) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$$, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h * www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

w' l nv] n ÷u[ x dGqfno cGt{utsf] /fli6«o kl/rokq kl~hs/0f ljefu dfkm{t b]ze/ nfu' ul/Psf] /fli6«o kl/rokqsf nflu kmf]6f] lvRg] sfo{df sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf @ nfv &@ xhf/ ^ ;o *$ hgfn] dl;+/ d;fGt;Dd kmf]6f] lvrfO{ ;s]sf 5g\ . t/ kl/rokq k|fKt ePsf @ xhf/ % ;o #^ hgf dWo] ^ ;o *) hgfn] dfq} kl/rokq nu]sf 5g\ . Ps t kl/rokqsf nflu gful/sx?sf] ?rL g} 5}g . csf{] tkm{ clgjfo{ ul/Psf

kl/rokq rf/ jif{ ljlt;Sbf ;d]t k|fKt x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . @)&& ;fn ;fpg b]lv g]kfn ;/sf/n] x/]s gful/sx?sf] ljj/0f ;+sng ug{] u/L kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] kl/rokq clgjf{o u/]sf] lyof] . afFsL @ k]hdf

Aoj;foL / kgf}tL aLrsf] d'2f cem} 6'l·Pg w'lnv]ndf O{–k]d]G6 ;]jf ;'qsf] ;kmn k|of]u;“u} /fhZj kf]6{n ;+rfngdf

d]nldnfkdf k7fpg] cfb]z, !!^ lbgsf] /sd gltg{] Aoj;foLsf] c8fg w'lnv]n÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsf lj?4 Aoj;foLx?n] btf{ u/]sf] a}+s hdfgt km's'jf ;DaGwL d'2fdf cem} km};nf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . @)&( c;f]h @& ut] Aoj;foLx?n] kgf}tL gu/kflnsf / gu/kflnsf k|d'v ;lxt rf/ hgfnfO{ lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sdf d'2f bfo/ u/]sf lyP . !& s/f]8 %) nfv &@ xhf/ /sd Aoj;foLsf gfddf a]?h' 5 . lhNnf cbfnt sfe| ] k nf~rf] s sf GofofwLz ljZjgfy e§/fO{sf] Ohnf;n] pQm d'2fnfO{ d]nldnfkdf k7fpg] cfb]z u/]sf] 5 . kgf}tL gu/kflnsfn] lgsf;L s/sf nflu nufPsf] 7]Ssf Aoj;fodf sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt lgdf{0f eO{ tf]lsPsf] cjwL leq Aoj;fo ;+rfng x'g g;Sbf 3f6f uPsf sf/0f ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ytL lgdf{0f ePsfn] ;f]lx cjwLsf] /sd ldgfxf u/L hdfgt km's'jf ug{ Aoj;foLx?n] dfu u/]sf lyP . /fh]Gb| hf]zL ;Knfo;{sf k|f]kfO{6/ /fh]Gb| hf]zL, lzj>L lgdf{0f ;]jfsf k|f]kfO{6/ gfgL/fd rf}nfufO{, ;'lbkf 6]«l8Ë sDkgL k|flnsf ;+rfns cWoIf /fdlx/f kf7sn] gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no, gu/ k|d'v ;lxt rf/ hgfnfO{ ljkIfL agfpFb} lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f btf{ u/]sf lyP . k6s k6s k]zL ;b{} cfPsf] pQm d'2f d]nldnfkdf k7fpg] cfb]z ePsf] xf] . kgf}tL gu/kflnsfn] ;f]lx ljjfb / d'2fsf sf/0f Ps jif{ 7]Ssf g} nufpg ;s]g . rfn' jif{sf nflu eg] 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . dxfn] v fk/LIfssf] sfof{ n on]

Aoj;foLx?af6 c;'n ug{'kg{] /sd a]?h'df b]vfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( df u/]sf] n]vfk/LIf0fdf Aoj;foLx?n] pQm /sd ltg{' kg{] b]vfPsf] lyof] . t/ Aoj;foLx?n] gu/kflnsf cfkmn }+ ] k6s–k6s aGb u/s ] f] l6k/sf sf/0f Aoj;fodf Iflt

gu/kflnsfn] aj]f:tf u/s ] f sf/0f nv ] fk/LIfsn] ;dt] ltgk'{g]{ bfloTjdf bv ] fPsf] eGb} Aoj;foLx? cbfnt ku's ] f lyP . tTsfnLg ;dodf j8f gDj/ !@ df ;8s 9nfg eGb} bO'{ dlxgf af6f] aGb ePsf] lyof] eg] gu/kflnsf cfkm}n] ds/ d]nf cjwLe/sf nflu Ps dlxgf ;8sdf

‘ds/ d]nfdf gu/kflnsf cfkm}n] ;8sdf l6k/ u'8\g lbPg . j8f gDj/ !@ df ;8s 9nfg sfo{sf nflu eGb} b'O{ dlxgf eGbf nfdf] ;do l6k/ rNg kfPgg\ . :yfgLon] ljleGg cfGbf]ngsf gfddf Ps dlxgf eGbf w]/} ;do ;8sdf l6k/ u'8\g lbPgg\’–Aoj;foL hf]zLn] eg]–‘gu/kflnsfnfO{ ltg{'kg{] /sd lt5f{} eg]s} 5f}+ . t/ gu/kflnsf / :yfgLon] aGb u/]sf] cjwLsf] /sd s;/L ltg{ ;S5f} < Tolx sf/0f 5'6 dfu ul/Psf] xf] .’ kU'g uPsf] lhls/ ub}{ /sd ae'mfPsf lyPgg\ . lzj>L lgdf0{f ;j]fn] ljqmL s/÷>ft] pkofu] s/ afkt t>]f] / rfy}f] ls:tf afkt dc ' s/ ;lxt ^ s/f8] !^ nfv (* xhf/ ?ko}f ltg{ afs F L bl]vPsf] 5 eg] ;l'bkf 6l]«8Ë sDkgL kf|lnn] glbhGo kbfy{ ;s + ng afkt bO'{ ls:tfsf] ^ s/f8] @& nfv &* xhf/ @ ;o *) ?ko}fF ltg{ afs F L 5 . To:t} /fhG]b| hfz ] L ;Knfo;n { ] as } lNks ;8s lgdf0{f b:t/' afkt % s/f8] % nfv (^ xhf/ ?ko}f u/L sn ' !& s/f8] %) nfv &@ xhf/ @ ;o *) ?ko}f ltg{ bl]vG5 . Aoj;foLx?n] ltg'{ kg]{ /sd ltg]{ t/ aGb cjwLsf] /sd gltg]{ eGb} gu/kflnsfnfO{ k6s k6s lnlvt / dfl}vs cg/'fw] u/s ] f lyP .

Aoj;foLx?sf] cg' / f] w nfO{

l6k/ u8'g\ aGb u/s ] f] lyof] . :yfgLox?n] ljleGg dfu u//] sl/j Ps dlxgf eGbf w/]} ;8s aGb u/s ] f lyP .

Aoj;foLx?n] rf/ dlxgf eGbf nfdf] ;do ;8sdf l6k/ u'8\g glbP/ cf}krfl/s ?kd} aGb u/]sf] cjwLdf ! ;o !^ lbgsf] dfq} 5'6 lbg cg' / f] w u/] s f lyP . gu/kflnsfdf ;f]lx jif{ hgk|ltlglw kl/jt{g ePsfn] Aoj;foLx?sf] pQm dfunfO{ ;'g'jfO{ x'g ;s]g . hgk|ltlglwn] pQm ljifodf lg0f{o gu/]sf sf/0f Aoj;foLx?nfO{ t]>f] / rf}yf] ls:tfsf] Aofh / hl/jfgf ;lxt c;'n ug{ n]vfk/LIfsn] gu/kflnsfnfO{ lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5 . @)&( df lgjf{ l rt kgf} t L

gu/kflnsfsf hgk|ltlglwx?nfO{ klxnf] d'2f g} Aoj;foLx?n] btf{ u/]sf lyP . Aoj;foL /fh]Gb hf]zLn] ;8s aGb ePsf] cjwLsf] /sd ldgfxfsf nflu gu/kflnsfnfO{ k6s k6s cg'/f]w ul/Psf] atfP . …ds/ d]nfdf gu/kflnsf cfkm}n] ;8sdf l6k/ u'8\g lbPg . j8f gDj/ !@ df ;8s 9nfg sfo{sf nflu eGb} b'O{ dlxgf eGbf nfdf] ;do l6k/ rNg kfPgg . :yfgLon] ljleGg cfGbf]ngsf gfddf Ps dlxgf eGbf w]/} ;do ;8sdf l6k/ u'8\g lbPgg\Ú–Aoj;foL hf]zLn] eg]–…gu/kflnsfnfO{ ltg{'kg{] /sd lt5f{} eg]s} 5f}+ . t/ gu/kflnsf / :yfgLon] aGb u/]sf] cjwLsf] /sd s;/L ltg{ ;S5f} < Tolx sf/0f 5'6 dfu ul/Psf] xf] . gu/kflnsfn] xfd|f] s'/f klg ;'Gg rfx]g . hgk|ltlglwn] s'/f ;'Gg grfx]s} sf/0f x'g g;s]sf] lg0f{osf cfwf/df dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{non] xfd|f] gfddf a]?h' b]vfPsf] xf] . xfdL Gofosf nflu cbfnt uPsf 5f}+ .Ú Aoj;foLx?n] !% dlxgf b]lv a}s vftf /f]Ssf x'Fbf Aoj;fo ug{ cj/f]w k'u]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . ;Demf}tfdf ;d]t sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ytL pTkGg x'Fbf b'a} kIfn] ;Demf}tf x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg] pNn]v ePsfn] sfg"g cg';f/ g} ! ;o !^ lbgsf] /sd 5'6sf nflu dfu ul/Psf] Aoj;foLx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . lhNnf cbfntdf klg pQm d'2f km};nf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . GofofwLz e§/fO{n] pQm d'2f d]nldnfkdf k7fpg] cfb]z u/]sf x'g\ . d]nldnfkaf6 6'Ëf] nfUg ;s]g eg] k'gM d'2f Ohnf;df kmls{g]5 .

w' l nv] n ÷g] k fn ;/sf/ dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] :yfgLo txsf nflu ;+rflnt :yfgLo ;+lrt sf]if Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL Pa+ /fhZj ;+sng df]8n w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfdf z'? u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf & ;o %# j6f kflnsfx? dWo] klxnf] k6s w'lnv]ndf pQm ;]jf z'? ePsf] xf] . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ b]lv w'lnv]naf6 g} z'? ePsf] :yfgLo tx ;+lrt sf]if Aoj:yfkg k|0ffnL -;'q_ cGt{utsf] df]8n clxn] g]kfnsf % ;o

jz]if l w l f i } f c F f ox 5'6df kfO{G5

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## :yfgLo txdf ;+rflnt 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfaf6 :yfgLo ;+lrt sf]if Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLsf] gd'gf sfo{qmd tTsflng cy{dGqL lai0f' afFsL @ k]hdf

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;]jfu|fxL gful/sn] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfdf e"ld ;+/rgf, Aoj;fo, axfn, ;jf/L ;fwg cfbL cfkm} k|lji6 ug{ ldNg] tyf cfkm'n] ltg{ a'emfpg kg{] s/ sg]S6 cfO{lkP;, So' cf/ sf]8, df]jfO{n jfn]6 nufotsf cgnfO{g dfWodaf6 a'emfpg ldNg]5 .

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;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = = ;+nUgnfO{ xb};Ddsf] sf/jfxL xf];\ /fhwfgL;Fu hf]l8Psf] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfaf6 nfdf] ;do b]lv gful/stf ljqmL ljt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] v'nf;f eP klg sf/jfxLsf] k|s[of z'? x'g ;s]sf] lyPg. ;'g t:s/Ldf ;+nUg ljb]zL gful/s kqmfp k/];Fu} sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfaf6 x/]s jif{ gful/stf ljqmL x'g] u/]sf] tYo ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof]. To;cl3 ePsf 5fgljgnfO{ eg] ;/sf/L lgsfosf pRr kb:y sd{rf/Lx?n] kG5fpFb} cfPsf lyP. gful/stf ljqmL k|s/0fdf dflyNnf] lgsfosf AolQmx?sf] ;+nUgtf x'g] u/]sf] k'i6L pQm 36gfn] klg u/]sf] 5. /fhgLlts ;+/If0fsf cfwf/df dfq} lu/f]xsf ;b:ox?n] ck/fwdf ;+nUg ug{] dgf]an a9fpg] k'i6L x'Fbf ;'g t:s/Ldf kqmfp k/]sfx?sf] gful/stf g]kfnL / To;df klg sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfaf6 ljqmL ePsf] k'i6L ePsf] 5. kqmfp k/]sfx?nfO{ xb};Ddsf] sf/jfxL, ;+nUgsf] vf]hljg / km/f/ /x]sfx?nfO{ tTsfn kqmfp ug{] sfo{df g]kfn k|x/Ln] km]/L klg v'§f gsdfcf];\. g]kfn k|x/L ljlwlj1fg k|of]uzfnfsf] kl/If0f k|ltj]bg cg';f/ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf lgdf tfdfª eGg] AolQmsf] g]kfnsf] /fxbfgL k|fKt ug{] k|of]hgfy{ /fxbfgL ljefudf /x]sf] cf+}7f5fk / a]lNhodsf /fxbfgLafxs bfjf l5l/Ësf] cf}+7f5fk d]n vfg'n] lgdf tfdfª / bfjf l5l/Ë b'O{ km/s AolQm geO{ Ps} AolQm ePsf] k'li6 ePsf] ;fy} lghn] em'7f ljj/0f k]z u/L g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq / /fxbfgL k|fKt u/]sf] s'/fdf b'ljwf /x]g eGg] lgZsif{ lgsfn]sf] lyof]. ctM lghnfO{ g]kfnsf] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd g]kfnsf] gful/stf / g]kfnsf] /fxbfgLaf6 x6fpg] tkm{ cfjZos sf/jfxL / g]kfndf lghn] u/]sf cGo s;'/sf ;DaGwdf ;d]t k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd cfjZos sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fpg pko'Qm x'g] b]lvG5. ;fy} lgdf tfdfª nufotnfO{ gful/stf pknAw u/fpg] sfo{df ;+nUg sd{rf/LnfO{ sfg"g cg';f/ / lgdf tfdfªnfO{ s8f sf/jfxL ug{ lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5. Ps}lbg gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf kf;fª tfdfªnfO{ tTsfn kqmfp u/L cg';Gwfg ug{ klg ;ldltn] lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5. gful/stf h:tf] ljifodf ulx/f] cg';Gwfg tyf 5fgljg gu/L kof{Kt k|df0f Pj+ cg';'rL ! /x]sf] jf g/x]sf] olsg gu/L gful/stf k|bfg ug{ ;gfvt ug{] gf;' /fdrGb| cof{n, gful/stf x:tfIf/ ul/lbg] tTsflng k|zf;sLo clws[t emk]Gb|/fh v/]nnfO{ cfjZos sf/jfxLsf nflu lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5. ;f]lx k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ug{ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] k|x/L sfof{nonfO{ kq k7fPsL l5g\. pQm k|s/0fsf nflu u[x dGqfnon] pk;lrj :t/Lo 5fgljg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof]. k|x/Ln] 5fgljg ul//x]sf] pQm 36gfdf ;+nUg g]kfnL jf ljb]zL ;a}nfO{ xb};Ddsf] sf/jfxL x'g'k5{. gful/stf / /fxfbfgL ljqmL k|s/0fdf ;+nUg x'g] sd{rf/Lx?sf] dgf]an lsg al9/x]sf] 5 < ;'g t:s/Ldf ;+nUg ePsf] cleof]udf cg';Gwfg u/L k'k{If ul/Psf dWo] rf/ hgfn] sfe|]af6 gful/stf vl/b u/]sf] aofg lbPsf lyP. kfFr jif{ cl3 lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]sn] u/]sf] 5fgljgsf qmddf lgdf nufot # ;o %) hgf ljb]zL gful/sn] gful/stf lnPsf] tYo ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg u[x dGqfnodf a'emfpFbf klg plgx? dfyL sf/jfxL ePsf] lyPg. sf/jfxL gePs} sf/0f lgdf nufotsf gful/sx?n] g]kfnaf6 ljleGg ;dodf ljleGg :yfgaf6 gful/stf, /fxbfgL agfO{ ck/fwsf >[+vnf z'? u/]sf lyP. of] >[+vnf /f]Sg klg ulx/f] cg';Gwfg cfjZos 5.

;"rgf e"sDksf] hf]lvdaf6 aRg] pkfo – e"sDksf] hf]lvd / To;af6 aRg] pkfoaf/] hfgsf/L cfbfgk|bfg u/f}+, – 3/leqsf kmlg{r/, ;hfj6sf ;fdfg, kfgL 6\of+sL gxNng] / gv:g] u/L alnof];Fu /fvf}+, – 3/, :s"n tyf sfof{nodf e"sDksf] ;dodf ;'/lIft /xg ;lsg] :yfgsf] klxrfg u/f}+, –e"sDksf] ;dodf cflQP/ efUg] jf bu'g{] gu/f}+, – e"sDksf] a]nf v'Nnf / ;'/lIft :yfgdf hfcf}+, – k|fylds :jf:Yo pkrf/sf] ljifodf hfgsf/L /fvf}+, – cfkm" ;'/lIft eO{ c?sf] ;'/Iffdf Wofg lbcf}+ .

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jif{ #) c+s !! @)*) df3 $ ut] ljxLjf/

gk]fnsf] gful/stfM ljsf;qmd / sfgg"L Aoj:yf w' l nv] n gu/kflnsf gful/stf gful/s / /fHoaLrsf] ;DaGwsf] cfwf/ xf] . gful/stfn] /fHo;Fu gful/ssf] sfg"gL ;DaGw :yflkt u/L /fHo / gful/slarsf] ;DaGwdf sfd u/]sf] x'G5 . g]kfnL zAbsf]ifsf gful/s eGgfn] b]zdf a;f]af; ul/ cfPsf hgtfx? b]zsf j}wflgs afl;Gbf eGg] b]lvG5 . o;}ul/ b]zdf j;f]jf; ul/ cfPsf hgtfn] kfpg] a}wtf gful/sn] kfpg] xs jf To;sf] klxrfgnfO{ gful/stfsf] kl/efiffdf /fv]sf] 5 . k/Dk/fut ?kdf u|L; zx/df a:g] JolQmnfO{ gful/s eGg] ul/GYof] . ljZjJofkL?kdf x]bf{ gful/stfsf] ljsf; o'gfgLsfnb]lv g} ePsf] kfOG5 . c/:t'sf cg';f/ -O{k" #*$–#@@_ zf;g ug]{ / zfl;t x'g] of]UotfnfO{ gful/s / /fHon] ef}uf]lns ;Ldfleqsf pQm gful/snfO{ lglZrt clwsf/;lxt k|bfg ug]{ sfg'gL k|df0f g} gful/stf xf] eg]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf gful/stf ;DalGw O{ltxf;nfO{ ljZn]z0f ubf{ k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] lbJof]kb]z, la=;+= !(!) sf] d'n'sL P]g, /f0ffsfnLg ;gb ;jfnx¿df g]kfnL gful/s / u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] lje]baf/] pNn]v u/]sf] kfO{G5 . oBlk pQm ;do eGbf klxnf g]kfnL gful/s / u}/ g]kfnL gful/s 5'6\ofpg ;lsg] :ki6sfg"gL cfwf/ tyf b:tfj]hx? e]l6Fb}g . g]kfnsf] l;df If]qleq a;f]jf; u/]sf] cfwf/df /fHosf gful/ssf] cy{df j'em]sf] blvG5 . ;j{k|yd g]kfndf g]kfn ;/sf/ j}wflgs sfg"g @))$ / g]kfnsf] cGtl/d zf;g ljwfg, @))& df g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] ;DaGwdf :ki6 Joj:yf geP tfklg gful/ssf] lgldQ Ps} lsl;dsf] b]jfgL P]g hf/L ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{ x]bf{ gful/s / u}/ gful/s 5'l§Psf] b]lvG5 . lj=;+= @))(÷)!÷@^ af6 nfu" ePsf] g]kfn gful/stf P]g, @))( af6 g]kfndf gful/stfsf] gLltut yfngL ePsf] b]lvG5 . g]kfn gful/stf P]g–@)@) cfO;s] k l5 klg a8fxflsd / c~rnfwLzn] gful/stf k|dfl0ft lbFbf Pp6} Joxf]/fsf] zAbfjnL k|of]u gu/L hGdl;4, :jo+l;4 g]kfnL gful/s xf] eGg]h:tf zAb n]v]/ lbPsf] b]lvG5 h;n] ubf{ gful/stfdf k|of]u ePsf zAb klg JolQm tyf xflsd cg';f/ km/s k/]sf] b]lvG5 . lgoldt 9fFrfdf gful/stf k| d f0f–kq gful/stf P]g–@)@) adf]lhd )@$ ;fnb]lv k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] lhNnf ;efkltsf] l;kmfl/;df lbg ;'? u/]sf

g]kfndf gful/stf ;DalGw O{ltxf;nfO{ ljZn]z0f ubf{ k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] lbJof]kb]z, la=;+= !(!) sf] d'n'sL P]g, /f0ffsfnLg ;gb ;jfnx¿df g]kfnL gful/s / u}/ g]kfnL gful/ssf] lje]baf/] pNn]v u/]sf] kfO{G5 . oBlk pQm ;do eGbf klxnf g]kfnL gful/s / u}/ g]kfnL gful/s 5'6\ofpg ;lsg] :ki6sfg"gL cfwf/ tyf b:tfj]hx? e]l6Fb}g .

b]lvG5 .

g]kfndf gful/stf k|bfg ug]{ sfg"gL cfwf/nfO{ x]bf{ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / g]kfn gful/stf P]g, @)^# adf]lhd g]kfndf g]kfndf gful/stf k|bfg ug]{ sfg"gL cfwf/ o; k|sf/ /x]sf 5g . !=j+zhsf] cfwf/df @=c+uLs[t g]kfnL gful/stf -j}jflxs c+uLs[t g]kfnL gful/stf ;lxt_ #= u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL gful/stf $= ;Ddfgfy{ g]kfnL gful/stf g]kfndf xfn gful/stf ;DaGwL df}h'bf sfg"gx¿ o; adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\M !=g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @= g]kfn gful/stf P]g, @)^#, g]kfn gful/stf P]g -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&( #= g]kfn gful/stf lgodfjnL, @)^# $= gful/stf k|df0fkq ljt/0f sfo{ljlw lgb]{lzsf, %= of}lgs tyf n}lËs cNk;+Vos ;d'bfosf JolQmx¿nfO{ lnËsf] dxndf æcGoÆ hgfO{ gful/stf hf/L ug]{ ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^( ^= gful/stf k|df0fkq ljt/0f 6f]nLsf] sfo{;~rfng lgb]{lzsf, @)&) &= gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] 8f6f x]g]{ dfq kx'Fr lbg] ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)&% k~rfotL Aoj:yfsf] lj?4 lj=;+= @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng kl5

gful/stfsf] ljifodf ;d]t s]xL gofF ;f]rsf] k|fb{'efj ePsf] lyof] . sflt{s @#, @)$& df hf/L ePsf] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] efu @ df gful/stf ;DaGwL Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] / o;}sf] cfwf/df gful/stf P]g @)$* / lgodfjnL @)$( nfu' ePsf] lyof] . qmd;M @)%!, @)%% / @)%( ;+zf]wg x'b} gful/stf lgodfjnL klg hf/L eP / lqmofl;n ePsf] b]lvG5. dfcf]jfbL !) jif]{ hgo'4 k|Zrft ePsf] zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/df k|ltlglw;ef4f/f hf/L x'g] u/L g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# hf/L eof] . pQm ;+ljwfgdf lj=;+= @)$^ ;fn r}q d;fGtnfO{ cfwf/ jif{ dfgL hGdsf] cfwf/df gful/stf k|bfg ug]{ / gful/stf ljt/0fsf nflu 6f]nL v6fpg] h:tf Joj:yf u/L ;f]xL cfwf/df gful/stf P]g @)^# / gful/stf lgodfjnL @)^# hf/L eP sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5 . @)^# ;fndf dw] ; cfGbf]ngsf] kZrft gful/stf 6f]nLx¿ vl6P/ gful/stf lat/0f ug]{ u/]sf] b]lvG5 . gful/stf ;DjlGw g]kfn gful/stf -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&( /fi6«kltjf6 k|dfl0fs/0f eP ;Fu} lqmofl;n /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn gful/stf klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&( df ePsf

clwjQmf ;/f]h yfkf d'ne't ;+;f]wgx?df æg]kfnleq km]nf k/]sf] lkt[Tj / dft[Tjsf] 7]ufgf gePsf] k|To]s gfafns lghsf] afa' jf cfdfsf] kQf gnfu];Dd j+zhsf] gftfn] g]kfnsf] gful/s dflgg]æ pNn]v 5. o;}u/L @)&@ ;fn c;f]h # ut] eGbf cl3 hGdsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] gful/ssf] ;Gtfgn] afa' / cfdf b'j} g]kfnsf] gful/s /x]5g\ eg] lghsf] pd]/ !^ k"/f ePkl5 j+zhsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt ug]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnsf] gful/s cfdfaf6 g]kfndf hGd eO{ g]kfndf g} a;f]af; u/]sf] afa'sf] klxrfg x'g g;s]sf] JolQmn] j+zhsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt ug]{ 5 eGg] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L c+lus[t gful/stfsf] xsdf ljb]zL d'n'ssf] gful/stf k|fKt u/L blIf0f Pl;ofnL If]qLo ;xof]u ;+u7gsf] ;b:o /fi6«afx]ssf b]zdf a;f]af; u/]sf] / ;fljsdf j+zhsf] jf hGdsf] cfwf/df lgh jf lghsf] afa' jf cfdf, afh] jf aHo} g]kfnsf] gful/s /xL kl5 ljb]zL d'nssf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmn] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] pkef]u ug{ kfpg] u/L u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL gful/stf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] 5 .g]kfn gful/stf -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&( n] xfn ;d:of tyf ljjfbdf /x]sf w]/} ljifodf ;xlhs/0f ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 . o;/L g]kfnsf] gful/stf ljsf;qmdnfO{ x]bf{ of] lg/Gt/ ;'wf/sf] k|s[ofdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ;do / kl/l:ytL tyf /fHosf] gLltx?df ePsf kl/jt{gsf cfwf/df ;d;fdlos ;'wf/ lg/Gt/ x'g' kg]{ cj:yf /x]tf klg gful/stfsf] ;jfndf g]kfn h:tf] b'j} tkm{sf ;+;f/s} w]/} hg;+Vof ePsf l5d]sL d'n'sx?sf] aLrdf /x]sf] ;fgf] e'–kl/j]li7t b]zn] bL3{ s flng ;f] r sf cfwf/df dfq gful/stf ;DjGwL ljifodf gLlt lgdf{0f ug{' kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;fy}:yfgLo lgsfox?df ;d]t gful/s / u}/gful/sx?sf] cBfjlws / kfl/jfl/s nut /fvg] Joj:yf ug]{ xf] eg] gful/stfsf ;fy} cGo w]/} sfd s'/fdf ;'ljwf k'Ug]5 . x/]s k6ssf /fhg}tLs kl/jt{g ;+u} gful/stf ;DjGwL sfg'gL Joj:yfdf kl/jt{g ubf{ o;df ePsf] cl:y/tfsf sf/0f b]zdf åGb lglDtg ;Sg] ;Defjgf /xg] x'Fbf ;r]t x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

kf}g] # nfv=============================== w'lnv]ndf===================== / / clxn];Dd ;/sf/n] kmf]6f] lvr]sf gful/sx?sf] kl/rokq pknAw u/fpg ;s]sf] 5}g . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfaf6 cleofgsf qmddf @ nfv * xhf/n] kmf]6f] lvrfPsf lyP . k|zf;g sfof{nodf gful/stf agfpg cfpg] qmddf jf ;/sf/n] clgjfo{ u/] ;Fu} k|zf;g sfof{nodf k'u]/ /fli6«o kl/rokqsf nflu kmf]6f] lvRg]x?sf] ;+Vof ^$ xhf/ ^ ;o *$ 5 . k'if d;fGt;Dd of] ;+Vofdf b'O{ xhf/ eGbf w]/} ylkPsf] 5 . h;df dlxnf @* xhf/ % ;o &! / k'?if #^ xhf/ ! ;o !# 5g\ . kl/roq gDj/ /fxbfgLdf clgjfo{ ul/;Fu} gful/sx?n] To;sf nflu ;d]t ;fl:t Aoxf]l//x]sf 5g\ .

Pp6} AolQmsf nflu z'?df gful/stf, /fli6«o kl/rokq, /fxbfgL, nfO{;]G; tyf cGo cfjZos k|df0fkqx? af]Sg' kg{] u/L ;/sf/n] agfPsf emGeml6nf gLltx?af6 gful/sx? cjfSs ePsf 5g\ . 8]8 jif{ b]lv nfO{;]G;sf] gljs/0f u/]/ sf8{ lk|G6 x'g] ;s]sf] 5}g . gofF nfO{;]G; lng]x?n] klg /l;bsf e/df lx+l8/x]sf 5g\ . Pslbg gljs/0fsf nflu l9nf x'Fbf bf]Aa/ hl/jfgf lng] ;/sf/n] ;dod} gful/sx?nfO{ kl/rokq pknAw u/fpg ;s]sf] 5}g . /fli6«o kl/rokq lng cfpg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]n] k6s–k6s gful/sx?nfO{ df]afO{n kmf]g dfkm{t Dof;]h u/]sf] 5 . @)&& ;fpg b]lv kf}if d;fGt ;Dd kmf]6f] lvrfPsf @% ;o #^ hgfsf] k|fKt kl/rokq dWo] ^ ;o *) hgfn] dfq} lnPsf 5g\ . sltko ljb]zdf 5g\ . sltkosf] kmf]g gDj/ kl/jt{g eO{;s]sf] 5 . sltkosf] lgwg ePsf] 5 . sltko cGoq a;f]af; ul//x]sf sf/0f gful/sx? lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no cfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . gful/sx?n] ljj/0f abNg rfxFbf % ;o z'Ns ltg{' k5{ t/ l/h]S6 ePsf gful/sx?sf] xsdf eg] z'Ns ltg{' kb{}g . hgu0fgf @)&* sf] hgu0fgfsf] tYofÍ cg';f/ sl/j Ps nfv gful/s kl/rokqsf] bfo/f eGbf aflx/ 5g\ . h;df @) xhf/ eGbf w]/} cGoq d'n'sdf 5g\ eg] cfwf afnaflnsf 5g\ . gful/stf agfpg] t/ /fxbfgL gagfpg] gful/sx?n] klg kl/ro kq agfPsf 5}gg\ .

gdf]a'4sf] rf}yf] clwa]zg hg:jf:Yo ;]jf ljw]os kfl/t

es'08]j]zL÷gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfsf] rf}yf] clwj]zg ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ;efn] hg:jf:Yo ;]jf ljw]os, @)*)Ú kfl/t u/]sf] 5 . ut lalxaf/ bf];|f] gu/;efsf] rf}yf] clwj]zgsf] bf];|f] a}7sdf ;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldltsf ;+of]hs lj/axfb'/ nfdfn] lg0f{ofy{ k|:t't u/]sf] gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfsf] :jf:Yo ;]jf Joj:yfkg ug{sf] nflu ag]sf] hg:jf:Yo ;]jf ljB]os, @)*) ;j{;Ddtn] kfl/t ePsf] xf] . gu/ k|d'v s'G;fª nfdfsf] cWoIftfdf, gu/ pkk|d'v /Tgaxfb'/ nfdfsf] pkl:ytLdf ePsf] ;efdf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t O{Zj/Lk|;fb zdf{n] cfly{s aif{ @)*)÷)*! sf] nflu bf];|f] gu/;efsf] t];|f] clwj]zgaf6 l:js[t ePsf] gLlt, sfo{qmd / ah]6 -aflif{s gu/ ljsf; of]hgf_ df xfn;Dd ePsf] ef}lts tyf cfly{s k|ult k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf

lyP . k|ltj]bg cg';f/, xfn ;Ddsf] cjwLdf rfn'tkm{ @& k|ltzt / k'FhLuttkm{ !^ k|ltzt k|ult ePsf] atfPsf] lyof] . a}7sdf ljwfos ;ldltsf ;+of]hs l6sfaxfb'/ s];Ln] k|:t't u/]sf] cfly{s aif{ @)*)÷)*! sf] nflu l:js[t ePsf] gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g, @)*) sf] cg";"rL dflysf] ;+zf]wg k|:tfj kfl/t ePsf] 5 . a}7sn] gu/ sfo{kflnsf a}7saf6 k]z ePsf k|:tfj Pj+ ljz]if lg0f{ox? klg cg'df]bg ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

k|;fb kf}8]nn] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . s/bftfn] ;xh ?kdf /fhZj ltg{÷a'emfpg Pj+ ljj/0f eg{ ldNg] u/L pQm df]8n;Fu cfj4 ePsf] :yfgLo tx /fhZj kf]6{n ;d]t dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{noaf6 ljsf; eO{ k/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm /fjZj kf]6{nsf] o'h/ agfO{ ;s]kl5 s/bftfn] cfˆgf] AolQmut tyf nutL s/sf] ljj/0f h:t} e"ld ;+/rgf, Aoj;fo, axfn, ;jf/L ;fwg cfbL cfkm} k|lji6 ug{ ldNg] tyf cfkm'n] ltg{ a'emfpg kg{] s/ sg]S6 cfO{lkP;, So' cf/ sf]8, df]jfO{n jfn]6 nufotsf cgnfO{g dfWodaf6 a'emfpg ldNg]5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] r]s n]; ub{} gful/sx?nfO{ s/df ;xeflu x'g ;d]t sfof{no cfpg' gkg{] u/L Ao:yfkg ul//x]sf] 5 . …cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{af6 z'? u/]sf] ;'qsf] ;kmn k|of]u;Fu} sfof{non] r]s n]; k|ljwL cyf{t k|ljwL d}qL e'QmfgL z'? u/]sf 5f}+Ú–gu/kflnsfsf n]vf clws[t wgaxfb'/ a:g]tn] eg]–…cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ &% k|ltzt r]s n]; eof] . ca s/bftfnfO{ j8f j8fdf k'u]/ /fhZj cgnfO{g kf]6{nsf af/]df cg'lzIf0f u/fpFb} pQm k|ljwLsf] k|of]u ul/g]5 . To;sf nflu clxn] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ tflnd z'? ePsf] 5 .Ú gu/afl;x?nfO{ s/bftf lzIff pknAw u/fpg] / To;sf af/]df l;sfpg] u/L sfo{ yflnPsf] a:g]tn] atfP . dxfn]vf lgoGqs xl/k|;fb d}gfnLn] Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf nflu klxnf] k6s O{–k]d]G6 cgnfO{g kf]6{nsf] pb\3f6g u/]sf x'g\ . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gful/sx?n] 3/df a;]/ cfˆgf] /fhZj ;DjGwL ljj/0f eb{} cgnfO{g dfkm{t e'QmfgL ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . …gful/sx?nfO{ 3/ b}nf]df g} ;]jf lbg] / k|ljwL dfkm{t gu/kflnsfsf] ;]jfnfO{ cem} k|efjsf/L agfpg] pb]Zon] dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{non] z'? u/]sf] O{–k]d]G6 cgnfO{g kf]6{n tyf :yfgLo ;+lrt sf]if Aoj:yfkg k|0ffnL z'? ul/Psf] xf]Ú–gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] eg]–…pQm ;]jfaf6 gful/sx?nfO{ yk ;xhtf x'g]5 .Ú gu/afl;x?sf] ljleGg lzifs{ssf] /fhZj pQm ;]jfaf6 e'QmfgL x'g] eP kl5 gu/kflnsfdf wfpg' kg{] cj:yf x'Fb}g . pQm sfo{qmddf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, /fli6«o afl0fHo a}s, g]kfn lSnol/Ë xfp;, && j6f lhNnfsf sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf k|d'vx?, cy{ dGqfno, ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno nufotsf sfof{noaf6 k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx sfo{qmddf klxnf] jif{sf] cg'ej ;lxt ;sf/fTds / ;'wf/ ug{'kg{] ljifosf af/]df w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf n]vf clws[t wgaxfb'/ a:g]tn] wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . ;'qsf] cg'ejsf cfwf/df /fhZj kf]6{nsf] ;kmn ;+rfngsf nflu of]hgf agfpg' kg{] ;xeflux?n] atfPsf lyP . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] pQm ;]jf ;"rf? ug{ s]lx j8f ;lrj / /fhZj zfvfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ tflnddf k7fPsf] 5 . plgx?n] tflnd lnP/ kmls{P nuQ} gu/kflnsfsf ;a} j8fx?df pQm ;]jf k|f/De x'g] gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ;'/]Gb| yfkf du/n] atfP . …cgnfO{g k]d]G6 ;DaGwL ;]jfaf6 gful/sx?nfO{ ;xhtf x'g]5Ú–k|d'v k|zf;los clws[t ;'/]Gb| yfkf du/n] eg]–…gful/sn] gu/kflnsfaf6 k|fKt ug{] ;]jfdf nfUg] ;a} k|sf/sf s/x? pQm cgnfO{g kf]6{naf6 g} ltg{ ;Sg]5g eg] cfjZos sfuhft klg Tolxaf6 cknf]8 ug{ ;lsg] 5 .Ú gu/kflnsfsf n]vf clws[t wgaxfb'/ a:g]tn] pQm kf]6{naf6 ;]jf lbg] g]kfnsf & ;o %# j6f gu/kflnsf dWo] w'lnv]n klxnf] gu/kflnsf ePsf] atfP . g]kfn ;/sf/ dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] :yfgLo txsf nflu ;+rflnt :yfgLo ;+lrt sf]if Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL Pa+ /fhZj ;+sng df]8naf6 gful/sx?nfO{ ;]jfdf ;xhtf ylkPsf] n]vf clws[t a:g]tn] atfP . g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfˆg} ;ˆ6j]o/ lgdf{0f u/L ;]jf k|f/De u/]sf] of] klxnf] xf] . pQm ;ˆ6j]o/ lgdf{0f x'g' cl3 lghL If]qaf6 lgld{t ;ˆ6j]o/af6 ;/sf/n] /fhZj ;+sng ;DaGwL sfo{ ub{} cfPsf] lyof] .

#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

agk]f gu/kflnn] u¥of] !# cf+} gu/ clwaz ] g /fhZjsf] nIo @@ s/f]8, ;+sng $ s/f]8

ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] !# cf+} gu/ clwa]zg ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v zflGt/Tg zfSosf] cWoIftfdf !# cf}+ ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . ;efdf gu/ k|d'v zfSon] !* dlxgf sfo{sfn ;lsbf ;Dd ePsf ljsf;sf sfo{x?sf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . lzIff ljsf;sf] klxnf] v'l6\snf] ePsfn] gu/ leq /x]sf #$ j6f ljBfno dWo] k|To]s jif{ $ j6f ;fd'bflos ljBfnonfO{ gd'gf ljBfno agfpg / ;f]lx cg';f/sf] u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ug{ z'? ul/Psf] zfSon] atfP . gu/sf s[ifsx?sf] t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n glau|Lof];\ eGgsf nfuL ag]kf * df $ /f]kgL If]qkmndf dN6L sf]N8 :6f]/ lgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf] / ;f]lx ejgnfO{ ;+3Lo ;/sf/af6 @ s/f]8 cg'bfg k|fKt ePsf]

atfP . nDkL:sLgaf6 gu/ leq ^ ;o j6f ufO{e+};L d/]sf / ltgsf] Ifltk"lt{ afkt k|ltkz' !) xhf/sf b/n] k|bfg ul/Psf] / ufO{, e}+;L afv|fsf] lgMz'Ns ljdfsf] Aoa:yf ul/Psf] atfP . k|To]s j8fdf lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/, lgMz'Ns df] l tljGb' s f] ck| ] ; gsf] sfo{ n fO{ lg/Gt/tf, ;8s, vfg]kfgL nufotsf sfo{x? ub{} cfPsf] atfP . sfo{qmddf pkk|d'v tyf /fhZj k/fdz{ ;ldltsf ;+of]hs ljdnf ;fksf]6fn] ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg / ah]6 tyf of]hgf th{'df ;ldltsf] k|lta]bg k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g\ . ;fksf]6fn] kf}if d;fGt;Dd cfO{k'Ubf /fhZjsf] nIo @@ s/f]8 /x]sf]df $ s/f]8 $$ nfv dfq ;+sng ePsf] atfO{g\ . gu/df ! xhf/ ( ;o %) Aoa;fo btf{ ePsf / of] jif{ !$^

j6f ylkPsf] atfO{g\ . pkk|d'v ;fksf]6fn] cfufdL @)*)÷)*! ;Ddsf] /fhZjsf] nIodf k'Ug d'l:sn /x]sf] atfO{g\ . rfn' jif{sf nflu ljlgof]lht of]hgf eg] () k|ltzt ;Demf}tf ePsf 5g\ . ;efdf ;+:yfut ljsf;, ;'zf;g tyf ;]jf k|jfx ;ldltsf ;+of]hs tyf j8f gDa/ * sf j8f cWoIf z'enIdL dfgGw/, cfly{s ljsf; ;ldltsf ;+of]hs tyf j8f gDa/ # sf cWoIf /d]z bfxfn, ;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldltsf] k|lta]bg j8f gDa/ !@ sf j8f cWoIf /fd axfb'/ s'+j/, ljwfg ;ldltsf] k|lta]bg ;+of]hs tyf j8f gDa/ % sf cWoIf an/fd clwsf/L, jg, jftfa/0f tyf ljkb\ Aoa:yfkg ;ldltsf] k|lta]bg j8f gDa/ ! sf j8f cWoIf sdn k|;fb l3ld/], k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg ;+of]hs tyf $ gDa/ j8f cWoIf Zofd ;'Gb/ >]i7, n]vf ;ldltsf] k|lta]bg ;+of]hs tyf & gDa/ j8f cWoIf lx6n/ zfSon] k|:t't u/]sf lyP . To;}u/L ;efdf gu/ ;b:ox?n] k|lta]bg pk/ 5nkmndf efu lnPsf lyP eg] k|ltj]bg pk/ gu/ k|d'v, pkk|d'vn] hjfkm lbPsf lyP . ;efdf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t ef]nfk|;fb rfkfufO{n] gu/df rfn' /x]sf of]hgf ;dodf g} ;DkGg x'g] atfP .

Go'of]s{ ljZjljBfnosf] 6f]nL w'lnv]ndf w'lnv]n÷blIf0f Plzofd} klxnf] k6s w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] k'/f u/]sf zx;|fAbL lbuf] ljsf;sf rf/j6f nIosf ;'rsx?sf] cj:yfsf af/]df cWoog cjnf]sg ug{ ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfdf /x]sf] Go"of]s{ ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{x? w'lnv]n cfO{k'u]sf 5g\ . ljBfyL{ x ?sf] 6f] n LnfO{ wl'nvn ] gu/kflnsfsf kd|v ' czfs ] Aof~h,' kd|v ' kz | f;lso clwst[ ;/'G]b| yfkf du/, hgkl|tlglw tyf sdr { f/Lx?sf] 6fn ] Ln] :jfut u/s ] f] lyof] . ljZjljBfnosf laBfyLx{?åf/f wl'nvn ] gu/kflnsfsf] ed|0f Pa+ wl'nvn ] n] lbuf] ljsf;sf nIox? kf|lKtsf nflu u/s ] f] ko|f;, pknlAw tyf ;3+Lo k0|ffnLsf rg'ft}Lx?sf ljifodf cGt/lqmof u/s ] f] lyof] . w' l nv] n gu/kflnsfn] zx;|fAbL lbuf] ljsf; nIosf rf/ nIo k"/f u/]sf] 5 . lbuf] ljsf;sf !& dWo] lzIff, :jf:Yo, ul/aL lgjf/0f / ;'/lIft vfg]kfgL u/L rf/ nIo k"/f u/]sf] k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] k|ltj]bgdf lbuf] ljsf; nIosf rf/ ;"rs k"/f u/]sf] hgfpFb} …:j]lR5s

;dLIff k|ltj]bgÚ ;fj{hlgs ug]{df blIf0f Pl;ofd} w'lnv]n klxnf] gu/ ePsf] bfaL ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglw cfPkl5 gu/sf] ul/aLsf] cj:yf !$ af6 $ k|ltztdf em/]sf], gu/n] *$ k|ltzt :yfgLosf] 3/df vfg]kfgL -Ps 3/, Ps wf/f_ k'¥ofPsf], u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf nflu gu/kflnsfn] :gfts tx;Dd cWoog ug]{ :yfgLosf nflu lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{'sf ;fy} sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] cGo :yfgLo tx tyf cGo lhNnfaf6 cfpg] ljBfyL{sf nflu %) k|ltzt lgMz'Ns u/]sf] / g]kfnd} klxnf] k6s …:j:y ;x/Ú sfo{qmd u/]sf] k|ltj]bg

;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] . gu/n] o'lg;]kmsf] ;xof]udf ul/aL lgjf/0f, :j:y ;x/, u'0f:t/Lo lzIff / u'0f:t/Lo vfg]kfgLsf nflu ePsf k|of;sf] :j]lR5s :yfgLo ;dLIff kZrft\ k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lyof] . /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf tTsflng pkfWoIf ljZjgfy kf}8]nn] pQm k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs u/]sf lyP . lbuf] ljsf;sf rf/ nIo lzIff, :jf:Yo, ul/aL lgjf/0f / ;'/lIft vfg]kfgLsf] nIo k"/f u/L k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] gu/k|d'v czf]s AoGh'n] atfP . ;f]lx ljifosf] cWoog ug{ ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{x? w'lnv]n cfPsf x'g\ .

kmf]g g+= )!!–^^))@)

shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ ;DaGwL #% lbg] cToGt h?/L ;'rgf -;"rgf k|sfzLt ldlt @)*)÷!)÷$ ut]_ tklzndf pNn]lvt tkfO{ C0fL ;b:on] o; ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg shf{ zLif{s cGtut{ lnPsf] C0fsf] e'QmfgL ldlt ;DffLt eOsg klg ltg{ a'emfpg kg]{ ;fFjf / Aofh glt/L ga'emfO{ C0f ;DaGwL zt{ aGb]h pNn+3g ug'{ ePsf] tyf C0f r'Qmf ug{ k6s k6s lnlvt tyf df}lvs tf/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t a]jf:tf u/L lnPsf] C0f ltg{ s'g} rf;f] gb]vfPsf]n] C0fL tyf wg hdfgLsf gfddf of] C0f r'Qmf ug{ Nofpg] af/]sf] #%-k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf k|sfzLt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;'rgf k|sfzLt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbg leq o; ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ /flv tkfO{ C0fLn] shf{sf] ;Dk'0f{ ;fjfF Aofh nufot cGo bfloTjx? ;d]t r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug'{xf]nf . pk/f]Qm tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ ltg'{kg]{ /sd ga'emfPdf C0fL tyf wg hdfgL af6 ;xsf/L ;+:yf lar ePsf] lnlvtsf] ;t{, ;xsf/L P]g @)&$, gLlt lgod tyf k|rnlt sfg'gsf] k|of]u ul/G5 / ag]kf gu/kflnsfdf ;xsf/L P]g adf]lhd ;]jf ;'ljwf /f]Sg kqrf/ ul/g]5 ;fy} C0fL / wghdfgLsf] gfd shf{ ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;'lrdf ;dfj]z ul/g] tyf lhNnf cbfntdf d'4f rnfO{ rn÷crn ;DklQ lalqm u/L ljlQo ;+:yfsf] n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt C0fL tyf wghdfgLnfO{ o;} ;'rgf4f/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

C0fL ;b:osf] gfdy/ gfd M ;'GtnL k|;fO{ afh]sf] gfd M 8Da/axfb'/ afFlgof a'afsf] gfd M lj/axfb'/ afFlgof gful/stf g+=M @@!)!%–@@& ;b:otf g+= M ))%)!

7]ufgf M bf]nvf, led]Zj/ g=kf=! xfn M ag]kf–&, sfe|] shf{ lzif{s M Joj;flos shf{ gfd M /fh]Gb| uf}td afh]sf] gfd M nIdLk|;fb uf}td a'afsf] gfd M u'0f/fh uf}td gful/stfg+=M *)^$% ;b:otf g+= M ))^*$ 7]ufgf M kf]v/Lrf}/L uf=lj=;=–(, sfe|] xfn M ag]kf–* shf{ lzif{s M Joj;flos shf{ gfd M ld7f/fd l3ld/] afh]sf] gfd M efg'eQm l3ld/] a'afsf] gfd M /fdk|;fb l3ld/] gful/stf g+=M !##)!)÷*^ ;b:otf g+= M ))&)) 7]ufgf M 6's'rf uflj; j8f g+=–&, sfe|] xfnM ag]kf g=kf–@, l3ld/]ufpF shf{ lzif{s M Joj;flos shf{

kmf]6f]

hdfgL stf{sf] ljj/0f gfd M nlnts'df/L af“lgof a'afsf] gfd M g/axfb'/ e08f/L >Ldfg\sf] gfdM gf]/axfb'/ afFlgof gful/stfg+=M !)#% 7]ufgf M s'~rf]s g=kf= #, l;Gw'kfNrf]s C0fL;Fusf] gftf M cfdf÷5f]/L gfd M k|sfz uf}td afh]sf] gfd M nIdLk|;fb uf}td a'afsf] gfd M ldgk|;fb uf}td gful/stfg+=M $^&@!÷!)(^ 7]ufgf M kf]v/Lrf}/L uf=lj=;=–(, sfe|] C0fL;Fusf] gftf M bfh'efO{

jif{ #) c+s !! @)*) df3 $ ut] ljxLjf/

sfe|]nL ( k|ltef ;Ddflgt ag]kf÷k|ltef ;Ddfg k|aGw u'7Ln] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf ljleGg If]qdf s[oflzn ( sfe|]nL k|ltefx?sf] ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf s'nklt e"kfn /fO{n] k|ltef ;Ddfg k|jGw u'7Ln] 5gf}6 u/]sf AolQmx?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf x'g\ . ;Ddflgt x'g]x?df r]i6f ;fKtflxssf sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs tyf dbfgL lj6 86sdsf k|wfg ;Dkfbs df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf nufot 5g\ . cWoIf df]xg b'jfnsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf kqsf/qo ef]nf yfkf, df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf / lbks ;fksf]6f ;Ddflgt eP . yfkf / ltdlN;gf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf] cWoIf eO{;s]sf 5g\ . yfkf, ltdlN;gf / ;fksf]6f lg/Gt/ kqsfl/tfdf s[oflzn 5g\ . ltg} hgf kqsf/nfO{ @)&& ;fnsf] k|ltef ;Ddfg k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . k'/:sf/ 5gf}6 ;ldltn] Ps dlxgf cl3 @)&&, @)&* / @)&( ;fnsf pTs[i6 AolQmx? 5gf}6 u/L ;Ddfg ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . sf]le8 ;+qmd0fsf sf/0f ;f]lx jif{ b]lv k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug{] sfo{ /f]lsPsf] cWoIf b'jfnn] atfP . x/]s jif{ k|ltef 5gf}6 u/L ;Ddfg ug{] sfo{qmd cGt{ut /f]lsPsf cl3Nnf b'O{ jif{sf k|ltef ;lxt tLg jif{sf] ;Ddfg Ps} k6s ul/Psf] xf] . ;Ddflgt x'g]x?nfO{ gub !% xhf/, bf];Nnf ;lxt k|df0fkqåf/f ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf] .

To:t} @)&* ;fnsf] k|ltef ;Ddfgaf6 tLg hgf ;flxTosf/x? ;Ddflgt ePsf 5g\ . ;Ddflgt x'g]x?df ;flxTosf/x? ofbj v/]n, ;'o{k|;fb nfsf]h' / /Tgk|;fb cgfd0fL 5g\ . ltg} hgf nfdf] ;do b]lv ;flxTo If]qdf s[oflzn AolQmTj x'g\ . To:t} @)&( ;fnsf] ;Ddfgaf6 sfe|]sf tLg pBdL dlxnfx? ;Ddflgt eP . pBdLx?df sdnf nfdf, lg? a}bf/ / Hof]T;gf ;}+h' 5g\ . lhNnfdf nfdf] ;do b]lv ljleGg If]qdf s[oflzn dlxnf pBdLx?n] cfkm} pBd ul//x]sf 5g\ . pBdsf ;fy} s]lx AolQmx?nfO{ /f]huf/ ;d]t pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ . ;Ddflgt ePsf ( hgf AolQmTjx?nfO{ g} gub !% xhf/ ;lxt bf];Nnf / k|df0fkq pknAw u/fO{Psf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} sfe|] lhNnf

k|ltef hGdfpg] lhNnfsf ?kdf lrlgPsf] atfpFb} /fi6«nfO{, ;d'bfonfO{ o:tf k|ltefx?sf] cfjZos /x]sf] atfP . …k|ltef ;Ddfg k|jGw u'7L h:t} ;+:yf cfjZos 5g\ . /fHon] o:tf k|ltefx?sf] ;Ddfg ub{}g . o:tf ;+:yfn] kl/rfng / hfu?s u/fpF 5 Ú–s' n klt /fO{ n ] eg]–…/fHon] k|ltefx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ub{}g . zfzg dfq} u5{ . /fHon] k|ltef lrGb}g . bnsf g]tfx? dGqL, ;f+;b / lgo'lQm lbnfpg dfq} ;lqmo 5g\ .Ú sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ag]kfdf :yflkt pQm ;+:yf dfkm{t lhNnfdf klxnf] k6s pkl:yt x'g kfPsf]df v'zL AoQm ub{} s'nklt /fO{n] ;Ddflgt k|ltefx?nfO{ awfO{ lbP . cWoIf df]xg b'jfnn] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ag]kfdf :yflkt pQm ;+:yf dfkm{t lhNnfdf klxnf] k6s pkl:yt x'g kfPsf]df v'zL AoQm ub{} s'nklt /fO{n] ;Ddflgt k|ltefx?nfO{ awfO{ lbP . cWoIf df]xg b'jfnn] @)%$ ;fndf :j=/fdeQm sf]v >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf :yflkt k|ltef ;Ddfg k|jGw u'7Ldf bf]>f] cWoIf xl/eQm ef]lIfef]of / t]>f] cWoIfsf ?kdf cfkm} lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf] atfP . …;+:yfsf] pb]Zo ag]kf /x]sf k|ltefx?sf] ;Ddfg ug{] eGg] lyof] . sf]ifdf hDdf ul/Psf] /sd klg ag]kfsf :yfgLox?n] g} hDdf u/]sf x'g\Ú–cWoIf df]xg b'jfnn] eg]–…ag]kfaf6 aflx/ lg:sg' k5{ . lhNnfaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug{] /fli6«o :t/sf AolQmx?sf] ;Ddfg ug{ z'? ug{] pb]Zon] ;+:yfsf] pb]ZonfO{ a[xQ agfpFb} lg/Gt/ To:tf AolQmx?sf] ;Ddfg z'? ul/Psf] 5 .Ú klxnf] ;Ddfg ag]kfsf lzIff;]jL Pj+ kqsf/ :j= e/t/fh >]i7nfO{ %! xhf/ ! ;o !! ?k}of gub ;lxt ;Ddfg ul/Psf]

atfpFb} cWoIf b'jfnn] xif{nfn Vjfvn afb] >]i7, df]xg b'jfn, /fw]Zofd k|wfgnfO{ %! xhf/ ! ;o !! ?k}ofn] ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

To:t} :jf:Yo If]qaf6 sfe|]sf 8f= afns[i0f yfkf / ;f]gL zfSo ;Ddflgt eP eg] ;df;]jfaf6 lbn;'Gb/ >]i7 / xl/eQm ef]lIfef]of ;Ddflgt eP . xf:oAo+Ë ;flxTo / wd{ ;]jfaf6 dbgs[i0f >]i7, xl/j+z cfrfo{ / 8f= cgf]hf leIf'0fL ;Ddflgt eP . dlxnf kqsf/x?af6 s[i0ff tfd|fsf/, eujtL ltdlN;gf / l;h{gf b'jfn ;Ddflgt eP . dfgjclwsf/sf If]qdf s[oflzn k|bLk kf]v/]n, ef]h/fh ltdlN;gf / /fh' ;/sf/ ;Ddflgt eP . sfo{qmddf ;lrj ljBfg hf]zL, ;b:o /fh' ;/sf/, k|sfz sfo:yn] u'7Ln] u/]sf ljleGg sfo{sf ;fy} AolQmTj kl/ro ;lxt wGojfb AoQm u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;Ddflgt k|ltefx?, k'j{ GofofwLz Pj+ 1fg1'g k|lti7fgsf cWoIf z]if/fh lzjfsf]6L, /fli6«o slj tyf al/i7 ;flxTosf/ g/]Gb|axfb'/ >]i7, k|fl1s ;b:o r]tgfy wdnf, nf]sufos dR5]Zj/ ;fksf]6f nufotn] k|ltef ;Ddfg k|jGw u'7Ln] u/]sf ljleGg sfo{sf] rrf{ u/]sf lyP . u'7Ldf * nfvsf] d'2tL sf]if 5 . sf]ifdf ag]kfdf hlGdP/ ljleGg If]qdf s[oflzn AolQmx? tyf ag]kfdf /x]/ ljleGg If]qdf s[oflzn AolQmx?n] ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ . u'7Ldf al/i7 ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfn cWoIf /x]sf 5g\ eg] pkfWoIfdf oftfoft If]qsf k|v/ AolQmTj of]u]Gb|gfy sdf{rfo{ pkfWoIf, ;xsf/L tyf ;flxTo / ljleGg ;fdflhs If]qdf s[oflzn AolQmTj ljBfg hf]zL ;lrj 5g\ . sf]iffWoIf ;dfh;]jL sdnf dNnL l5g\ . ;b:ox?df /fh' ;/sf/, k|sfz sfoZy / bLgbofn' afb] >]i7 /x]sf 5g\ . ;a} ;fdflhs If]qsf s[oflzn AolQmx? x'g\ .

a]yfGrf]s h]];Lhdf df]xgs[i0fn] u/] kbef/ u|x0f a]yfGrf]s÷a]yfGrf]s h];Lhn] jif{ @)@$ sf nflu lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/Lx?sf] kb x:tfGt/0f, k'/:sf/ ljt/0f tyf AolQmTj ;Ddfg sfo{qmd ufpF k flnsfsf cWoIf eujfg clwsf/Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . jif{ @)@# sL cWoIf zflGt vqLn] jif{ @)@$ sf cWoIf df]xgs[i0f ltdlN;gfnfO{ kb x:tfGt/0f u/]sL lyO{g\ . jif{ @)@$ sf nflu zflGt vqL, ljgf]b ltdlN;gf, k|lbk cfrfo{, l8udfg nfdf, ;lGbk ltdlN;gf, sdn g]kfn, a]ns'df/ >]i7, k|sfz >]i7, pd]z bfxfn, cho tfdfª / uf]s0f{ l3ld/] lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf jif{ @)@# df lgjf{lrt sfo{ ;ldltnfO{ ljleGg If]qaf6 ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] k'j{ cWoIfx?, dfgfy{ ;b:ox?, ;xof]uL ;+3 ;+:yfx? / zfvf cWoIfx?nfO{ cWoIf zflGt vqLn] ;Ddfgsf ;fy} dfofsf] lrgf] k|bfg u/]sL lyO{g\ . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} cWoIf zflGt vqLn] a]yfGrf]s h];Lhn] ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ljleGg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L ;d'bfosf] lxtsf nflu yf]/} of]ubfg k'¥ofpg ;s]sf]df ;a}df wGojfb AoQm ul/g\ . jif{ @)@$ sf cWoIf

df] x gs[ i 0f ltdlN;gfn] a] y fGrf] s ufpFkflnsf s[lif / ko{6gsf] If]qdf cl3 al9/x]sfn] ufpFkflnsf tyf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?;Fusf] ;dGjodf gful/sx?sf] ;d[4Lsf nflu sfo{ ug{] atfP . a]yfGrf]ssf] k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd / :yfgLo ;/sf/n] lnPsf nIodf ;fem]bf/L ug{ a]yfGrf]s h];Lh tTk/ /xg] cWoIf ltdlN;gfn] atfP . sfo{qmddf h];Lhsf] lgod cg';f/ e'k' Snjdf :jfut, gofF cWoIfx?nfO{ :jfut ;lxt kb:yfkg nufotsf sfo{qmdx? ePsf lyP . ;f] l x sfo{ q mddf af] N b} ufpFkflnsf cWoIf eujfg clwsf/Ln] a]yfGrf]snfO{ cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6sx?sf] k|d'v s]Gb|sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ljleGg ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx?;Fu ;dGjo

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w' l nv] n ÷lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbks'df/ uf}tdn] ;+ljwfg ljkl/t :yfgLo txnfO{ lgb{]zg hf/L u/]sf], cfˆgf] lgb{]zg gdfg]sf] eGb} lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo OsfO{ w'lnv]nsf k|d'v r]ts'df/ kf]v/]nnfO{ Ps 306f leq sfof{no 5f8\g plb{ nufPsf 5g\ . uf}td lzIff ;dGjo ;ldltsf lhNnf k|d'v ;d]t x'g\ . kf]v/]nn] cfkm' dfyL b'Ao{jxf/ u/]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . lzIff dGqfno k'u]/ ;dGjo ;ldlt k|d'v uf}tdn] ;dGjo OsfO{ k|d'v kf]v/]nnfO{ sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ;dGjo OsfO{ sfof{no k|d'vsf] lhDd]jf/L 5f8]/ dGqfno kms{g lgb{]zg ;lxtsf] plb{ u/]sf x'g\ . cGo :yfgLo txn] klg pQm lgb{]zg ljkl/t o; cl3 g} lzIff ;dGjo clwsf/L kf]v/]nnfO{ r]tfjgL lbPsf lyP . uf}tdsf] plb{;Fu} dGqfnon] a'waf/ g} kf]v/]nnfO{ ljefudf xflh/ ug{] u/L lkmtf{ af]nfPsf] 5 . o; cl3 w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo OsfO{ sfe|]sf k|d'v r]ts'df/ kf]v/]nn] tLg txsf ;/sf/sf] sfo{If]q aflx/ uO{ sd{rf/L txaf6 If]qflwsf/ eGbf aflx/ uO{ kl/kq ;lxtsf]

lgb{]zg u/]sf] eGb} lzIff lj1fg tyf k|ljwL dGqfnodf c;Gt'i6L AoQm u/]sf lyP . ;fy} pQm lgb{]zg gdfGg] r]tfjgL lbPsf lyP . kf]v/]nn] w'lnv]n ;lxt lhNnfsf !# j6} kflnsfx?nfO{ lgb{]zg ;lxtsf] kq lbb} clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u, ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno, lzIff lj1fg tyf k|ljwL dGqfno / lzIff tyf dfgj >f]t ljsf; s]Gb|nfO{ af]wfy{ u/]sf lyP . pgn] k'if @% ut] lhNnfsf !# j6} kflnsfnfO{ kq n]Vb} lzIfs ;?jf tyf s/f/ lgo'lQm ;DjGwL clwsf/ :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ gePsfn] cfkm\gf] ;xdlt / ;dGjo ljgf gug{ lgb{]zg lbPsf lyP . kqdf elgPsf] 5–…ljleGg ;dodf ljleGg lgsfoaf6 ePsf lgb{]zg, lgodfjnL tyf :yfgLo txsf] cfwf/e't tyf dfWolds txsf] sfd, st{Ao / clwsf/df plNnlvt @# a'Fbfdf s/fdf/ lzIfs lgo'lQm Pj+ lzIfssf] ;?jf ;DjGwL pNn]v gePsf] x'Fbf s/f/df lzIfs lgo'lQm tyf ;?jfdf o; sfof{noaf6 b/jGbL PsLg kZrftsf] ;dGjo, ;xof]u / ;xsfo{df dfq ug{ u/fpg' x'g, cGoyf lozIff P]g lgodfjnL ljkl/t ul/Psf] s/f/df lzIfs lgo'lQm tyf ;?jf lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo OsfO{n]

dfGotf glbg] / clen]v tyf cGo s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g], ;f] sf] hjfkmb]xL :j+o s/f/ lzIfs lgo'lQm tyf ;?jf ug{] kbflwsf/L, k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t, lzIff clws[t, ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks / ljBfno ;d]t x'g] Aoxf]/f k'if !* ut] lg0f{o cg';f/ ul/Psf] 5 .Ú @)&( c;f/ @$ ut]sf] k|wfgGofofwLz ;lxt jl/i7td % hgf GofofwLz /x]sf] ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;sf] km};nfn] w'lnv]n lzIff P]g @)&^ ;+3Lo lzIff P]g;Fu gafem]sf] / w'lnv]n lzIff P]g @)&^ sf] bkmf #$ adf]lhd w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] u/]sf] lzIfs ;¿jf a}B /x]sf] km};nf OsfO{ k|d'v kf]v/]nnfO{ hfgsf/L x'Fbf x'Fb} JolQmut nfesf nflu :yfgLo txsf] ;+ljwfg k|bQ Psn clwsf/ If]qdf x:tIfk ul/ u}/;+j}wflgs lgb{]zg hf/L u/]sfn] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] o; cl3 g} pQm lgb{]zgsf] pN3+g ug{] r]tfjgL lbPsf] lyof] . lzIff ;dGjo clwsf/L kf]v/]nn] eg] lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt k|d'v uf}td;Fu s'g} egfeg gePsf] k|l:6s/0f lbPsf 5g\ . …pxfF d]/f] sfof{nodf cfpg' eof] . xfdL sd{rf/Lx?;Fu a}7s al;/x]sf lyof}+ . pxfFn] of] sfof{nodf ca sfd x'Fb}g eg]

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cGo ljljw lzif{sdf ;x'lnot b/df C0f k|bfg ul//x]sf] ;+:yfn] z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s pGgtLsf nflu Aoj;foLs C0fx? ;d]t k|jfx ub{} cfPsf] 5 . ;fwf/0f ;efdf c;n C0fL pd]z kf08], pTs[i6 sd{rf/L k'0f{nIdL l3ld/], pTs[i6 dfl;s artstf{ /ldnf >]i7, pTs[i6 afn artstf{ OdfGhnL l3ld/], Odf yfkf, ;'o{jf0fL >]i7 / Pn]S; af]xf]/f /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} pTs[i6 b}lgs artstf{x?df slkn yfkf, ;'lbk a:g]t, ;'ldt zfxL, cd[tf 9'+ufgf /x]sf 5g\ . pTs[i6 cfjlws artstf{x?df /fds'Gb yfkf, w|'j{ k/fh'nL, /flwsf yfkf, af;'b]j yfkf / ;'lgtf kf08] /x]sf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf

af]Nb} kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gfn] ;xsf/Lx?df b]lvPsf] ;+s6sf] cj:yfdf ;jf{]Tyfg ;xsf/Ln] z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] dg lhTb} art ;+sng / C0f c;'nL sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . s]lx lbg ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] gu/ If]q leqsf ;a} ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ tTsfn ;ef ug{ / ;ef ul/;s]sf ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ k'gM ljz]if ;ef ug{ lgb{]zg lbPsf] lyof] . ;jf{]Tyfg ;xsf/Ln] gu/kflnsfn] lbPsf] ldlt cufj} ;ef ;DkGg u/]sf] cWoIf gljgh+u kf08]n] atfP . cWoIf kf08]n] ;xsf/L dfkm{t ;d'bfodf cfly{s ;d[l4 xfl;n ug{] cleofgdf s[oflzn /xg] atfP .

sfe|], sfe|] n]8L / ag]kf h'lgo/ h];Lhdf ;+o'Qm kb x:tfGt/0f ;d]t k|fKt x'g]5 . ;}4flGts / Aojxf/Ls b'a} kf7\oqmd ;dfj]z ul/Psf] k|lzIf0fdf $) hgf ;xeflu x'g]5g\ . pQm k|lzIf0fdf ;xeflu eO{ plt{0f /]lkm|x? lhNnf :t/Lo km'6an k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng ;Sg]5g\ . nfO{;]G; lngsf nflu v]nf8L, k'j{ v]nf8L tyf km'6an v]n ;Fu cfj4 ePsf AolQmx?n] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 cg';f/ ;xeflu eO{ k/LIff lbg kfpg]5g\ . !* jif{ k'u]sf / #% jif{ ggf3]sf AolQmx? k|lzIf0fdf ;xeflu x'g]5g\ . afudtL k|b]zsf !! j6f lhNnfaf6 /]lkm|x? ;xeflu x'g]5g\ . kqsf/

;Dd]ngdf ;3sf pkfWoIf4o afa'/fhf >]i7 / /flhj l;+ a:g]t, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . k|lzIffyL{x?n] btf{ z'Ns & xhf/ % ;o a'emfP/ ;xeflu x'g]5g\ . k|lzIf0fsf nflu k|b]z v]ns'b ljsf; kl/ifb\n] % nfv pknAw u/fpg] 5 eg] cGo ;xof]u ljleGg If]qaf6 x'g]5 . !) nfv ^@ xhf/ % ;o vr{ x'g] pQm k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ & lbgsf] cfjfl;o ;'ljwf ;lxt kf]zfs / v]ns'b ;fdfu|L ;d]t ;+3n] pknAw u/fpg] 5 .

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Ifq]sf] ;sf/fTds ;xofu] cfjZos /xs ] f] pgn] atfP . ;db'fodf cfwfl/t h;]Lhsf sfoq{mdx?n] afnaflnsf bl]v oj'f cj:yf ;Dd ;fdflhs so[fsnfkx?df ;n + Ug xg'] cj;/ kb|fg ug]{ ePsfn] oj'fx?sf x/s ] sfoq{mddf ljZjljBfnon] ;xofu] / ;dGjo ug]{ pgn] atfP . sfoq{mddf agk]f gu/kflnsfsf kd|v ' zflGt/Tg zfSon] h;]Lhn] lbPsf] gLlt / ljBL cg;'f/ dn ' s ' / /fHosf ;a} lgsfo tyf ;o+Gqx? ;r + fng xg' ;s] oj'fx?df lg/fzf gcfpg] atfP . h;]Lhsf ultljwLdf :yfgLo ;/sf/n] ;dGjo ug]{ atfpbF} gu/ kd|v ' zfSon] cfpbFf lbgdf oj'fx?sf l;k / 1fgnfO{ cem} ;db'fo:t/df nh } fg kxn

ug]{ atfP .

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:j= /fhdfof >]i7 hGdM !(*%.!).)%

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*).!).)!

:j= hut dfof af;' dfgGw/ o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;lrj a'4/Tg dfgGw/sf ddtfdoL dftf hut dfof af;' dfgGw/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

gljg eQm jfb] >]i7 cWoIf tyf

kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

o; ;ldltsf sfo{ ;ldlt ;b:o leds[i0f >]i7sf ddtfdoL dftf /fhdfof >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] !# cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

>L bfKrf led;]g ;dfh ;]jf ;ldlt kl/jf/ gdf]a'4 g=kf=–*, tNnf] xl6of, sfe|]

kf“rvfn gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] cg'/f]w – j8faf6 k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ¿kd} ;+ks{ /fvf} .

– ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfno k7fcf}+ .

– hGd, d[To', a;fO{ ;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfˆgf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /flv ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f} .

– ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f} .

– ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf k|fKt ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf / sfuhft af/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf} .

– /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf ul/dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f} .

– cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{ª ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f} .

– ;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}, s'lxg] gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF .

– Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf} .

– j8fut ¿kdf ;8s aQL Joj:yfkg pkof]u / ;+/If0f u/f} .

– s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f} .

– s'g} klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f} .

– cfw'lgs s[ifL k|0ffnL ckgfO{ Jofj;flos s[ifs agf} .

– pGgt gZnsf kz'kfng ul/ :j/f]huf/L ;[hgf u/f} .

– wd{, ;+:s[tL, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f} .

– ;fj{hlgs ;DktLsf] ;+/If0f u/f} .

kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf sfof{no kfFrvfn, sfe|]

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

gjb'uf{n] u¥of] :yfkgf lbj;df ! ;o !) hgf k"j{ ;+rfnsnfO{ ;Ddfg kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsfdf s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf] gjb'uf{ ;xsf/Ln] @! cf}+ :yfkgf lbj; ljljw sfo{qmdsf ;fy dgfPsf] 5 . :yfkgfsf] cj;/ kf/]/ x/]s jif{ cfof]hgf u/]sf] /Qmbfg sfo{qmddf of] jif{ $) hgfn] /Qmbfg u/]sf 5g\ . @)%( ;fn kf}if @^ ut] pQm ;+:yf ljlwjt ?kdf :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . ;+:yfn] :yfkgfsf] cj;/ kf/]/ ! ;o !) hgf k'j{ ;+rfnsx?nfO{ ljz]if ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 . gjb'uf{ ;xsf/L !) j6f ;xsf/LnfO{ PsLs/0f u/L ag]sf] xf] . :yfkgf lbj;sf] cj;/df gjb'uf{ ;lxt !) j6f ;xsf/Lsf k'j{ ;+rfnsx? ;a}nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf] . gjb'uf{ ;xsf/Lsf ;+:yfks cWoIf k'0ok|;fb cfrfo{ x'g\ eg] nuftf/ o1k|;fb x'dfufO{n] cWoIfsf]

lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x u/]sf lyP . OGb|k|;fb x'dfufO{sf] cWoIftfdf ;+rfng eO{/x]sf] gjb'uf{ ;xsf/Ln] (% s/f]8 ^! nfvsf] sf/f]jf/ u/L * j6f ;]jf s]Gb| / #@ j8f art ;+sng s]Gb| ;+rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/Ln] ;xsf/Lx?n] art / C0f sf/f]jf/;uF} pBdL aGg z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ ;fIf/tf cleofg ;+rfng ug{' kg{] atfP . ;xsf/Lx? k|lt cfd gful/sx?sf] ljZjf; a9fpg cfo cfh{g x'g] vfnsf sfo{qmd nfu' u/L ;+rfng ug{ / z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ yk ;lqmo agfpg kh 'F L kl/rfng ul/g] If]qx?sf] klxrfg ug{' kg{] atfP . ;+:yfdf ( xhf/ & ;o *) hgf z]o/ ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . ^& s/f]8 @@ nfv art, &* s/f]8 #$ nfv C0f, (

/fli6«o Pstf lbj;sf] cj;/df w'lnv]ndf dfNofk{0f, a]yfGrf]ssf] av{]ynLdf hg>dbfgdf ;8s lgdf{0f w' l nv] n ÷/fli6« o Pstf lbj; tyf k[ Y jLgf/fo0f zfxsf] hGdhoGtLsf] cj;/ kf/L lhNnfdf ljleGg :yfgdf ljljw sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnL ;]gf sfnLh+u u0f / w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] P]ltxfl;s b]jL:yfgdf /x]sf] k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] zflnsdf dfNof{k0f ul/Psf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h' / g]kfnL ;]gf sfnLh+u u0fsf ?b|b]j kf08]n] zflnsdf dfNofk{0f u/]sf lyP . ;]gfsf] tkm{af6 ;nfdL ck{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . sf7df8f} pkTosf sAhf ug{] qmddf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] w'lnv]ndf /x]sf] b]lj:yfgnfO{ ;fIfL /fv]/ o'4 n8]sf] Oltxf; 5 . ;f]lx Oltxf;nfO{ ;+/If0f ub{} w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] pQm :yfgdf k[YjLgf/fo0fsf] zflns lgdf{0f u/]sf] xf] . g]kfnL ;]gfn] x/]s jif{ pQm :yfgdf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] hGdhoGtLsf] cj;/ kf/]/ ;nfdL lbb}

s/f]8 ^) nfv z]o/ k'FhL /x]sf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t lbks ltdlN;gfn] atfP . & s/f]8 (& nfv ljljw sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] 5 . :yfkgf lbj;df ;lrtfy{ u'[?s'nsf ljBfyL{x?n] :jl:ts afrg u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v /fdz/0f e08f/L, /]8qm; sfe|]sf ;efklt /3'gfy x'dfufO{, /]8qm;sdL{ Pj+ w]/} k6s /ut bfg ug{] /Qmbftf ljb'/ v8\sf, ;+:yfsf ;Nnfxsf/x? o1k| ; fb x' d fufO{ , pk]Gb|k|;fb x'dfufO{, /fhs'df/ ltdlN;gf, ;+:yfsf pkfWoIf of]udfof cfrfo{, ;lrj cs'/k|;fb ;fksf]6f nufotn] ;+:yfsf af/]df wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . ;+:yfn] sfe|]sf ^ j6f gu/kflnsfsf ;fy} a]yfGrf]s / vfgLvf]nfdf sf/f]jf/ ug{] cg'dtL kfPsf] 5 .

al/i7 d'6'/f]u ljz]if1 8f=sf]Fh' ;Ddflgt w'lnv]n÷sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno :s'n ckm d]l8sn ;fO{G;sf lgjt{dfg l8g, w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf ;+:yfks ;b:o tyf al/i7 d'6'/f]u ljz]if1 k|f=8f= /fh]G› sf]h' ;Ddflgt ePsf 5g\ . zlgaf/ /fhwfgLdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf 8f= sfh ]F 'nfO{ lzIff / :jf:Yo If]qdf ljz]if of]ubfg k'¥ofP afkt ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf] . :jf:Yo bk{0f /fli6«o x]Ny cjf8{–@)*) af6 8f= sfh ]F ' ;Ddflgt ePsf x'g\ . :jf:Yo bk{0f ldl8of g]6js{ k|f=ln=n] cfˆgf] cf7f}+ jflif{sf]T;jsf] cj;/ kf/]/ 8f= sf]h" nufotsf

AolQmx?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] xf] . g]kfnsf] lzIff / ;]jfsf] If]qdf 8f= sf]h"sf] dxTjk'0f{ of]ubfg /x]sf] :jf:Yo bk{0f ldl8of g]6js{ k|f=ln=sf cWoIf ;GbLk s'df/ >]i7n] atfP . sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf k'j{ dxfdGqL Pj+ sf+u|]; g]tf k|f=8f=zzf+s sf]O/fnfn] 8f= sfh ]F ' nufotsf AolQmx?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf lyP . ;Ddfg u|x0f ub}{ d'6'/f]u ljz]if1 8f= sf]h"n] yk xf};nf / phf{ ldn]sf] atfP . ljlzi7 Ifdtf ePsf 8f= sfh ]F ' km';{bsf] ;dodf snf, ;flxTo / n]vgdf ?rL /fV5g\ . pgn] ;fdflhs ;+hfn tyf ljleGg ;+rf/dfWodaf6 d'6' arfpg ;Gb]zd'ns ;fdfu|Lx? lgoldt k|sfzg

;b:ox?nfO{ ;xh ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf] 5 . n]vf ;+of]hs cgdf]n >]i7n] ;+:yfsf] n]vf k|ltj]bg k|:t't ub{} ;+:yfn] u/]sf cleofgn] ;b:ox?sf] ;d[4L x'g] atfP . sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] ;xsf/L dfkm{t gful/sx?sf] ;d[4Lsf nflu ;xh ePsf] atfpFb} x/]s ;xsf/L v/fa gePsfn] ;xsf/L AolQmaf6

tyf k|;f/0f ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . o; cl3 pgnfO{ ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 ;Ddflgt ul/;lsPsf] 5 .

;+rflnt ePsf] cj:yfdf dfq} ;+s6 lgDTofPsf] atfP . ;xsf/Ln] u/]sf x/]s ultljlw z]o/ ;b:on] lgofNg pgn] cg'/f]w u/] . sfo{qmddf ;Gtf]if e'vh'n] :jfut u/]sf lyP . /Qmbfg sfo{qmddf *$ k6s /Qmbfg ug{] clgn/Tg t'nfw/ ;lxt #) hgfn] ;xeflutf hgfPsf lyP . :jf:Yo lzlj/df ! ;o #) hgfn] efu lnPsf lyP .

gk]fn Xbo /fu] lgjf/0f kl|ti7fg sfe]| zfvf ;jfT]{si[6 ag]kf÷g]kfn Xbo /f]u lgjf/0f k|lt:7fgsf] #@ cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf ;d'bfodf d'6' /f]usf] /f]syfd, pkrf/ / hgr]tgf clej[l4;Fu} k|lt:7fgsf] /fli6«o sfo{qmddf pn]Vo e'ldsf lgj{fx u/]sf]df k|lti7fgn] sfe|] zfvfnfO{ ;af{]Ts[i6 zfvfsf] ¿kdf k'/:s[t ul/Psf] xf] . d' 6 ' / f] u ;DjGwL hgr] t gf km}nfPsf], afnaflnsf, dlxnf / k|f}9;Ddsf AolQmx?nfO{ d'6' /f]u nfUg} glbg] / d'6'/f]u nflu ;s]sfx?nfO{ ;xh hLjgofkg ug{ tyf d'6'/f]u ;DjGwL hgr]tgf km}nfpg cIfosf]ifsf] :yfkgf ug{] / d'6'/f]uLx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug{], d'6'/f]u ;DaGwL lgoldt lSnlgs ;+rfng ug{] nufotsf sfo{qmd /x]sf] cWoIf czf]s >]i7n] atfP . k|lt:7fgsf] ;+:yfks cWoIf al/i7 d'6'/f]u ljz]if1 8fS6/ d[u]G›/fh kf08] / k|lti7fgsf cWoIf an/fd Gof}kfg]n] zfvf ;efklt czf]ss'df/ >]i7nfO{ ;jf{]Ts[i6 zfvfsf ?kdf k'/:sf/ k|bfg u/]sf lyP . lhNnf zfvfsf]

cfPsf] 5 .

To:t} Pstf lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/]/ a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ # sf] cfof]hgfdf ;f]lx j8fsf] av{]ynL b]lv a]yfGrf]s gf/fo0f cfwf/e't ljBfno 7'nfrf}/;Dd hfg] af6f] ;xh agfpg a[xQ hg>dbfg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . a]yfGrf]s h];Lh,

a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsf nufotsf] ;xof]udf :yfgLox?n] >dbfg u/] s f] h] ; Lh a]yfGrf]ssf cWoIf df]xgs[i0f ltdlN;gfn] atfP . sfo{qmddf a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf eujfg clwsf/L, pkfWoIf tf/f /fgf ltdlN;gf, j8f cWoIf s'j]/ 9sfn, j8f ;b:ox?, ljleGg ;+ 3 ;+ : yfsf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

k~rsGof ljBfnodf gof“ ejgsf] lznfGof;

cy{e"ld ;xsf/Ln] dgfof] !$ cf}+ aflif{s ;ef w'lnv]n÷cy{e'ld art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 w'lnv]nsf] !$ cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf cWoIf hos[i0f Gxl;h'sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ;+:yfsf] !$ cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cj;/ kf/L /Qmbfg tyf lgz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷@)*) sf] cGTo;Ddf ;+:yfn] ! s/f]8 !% nfv z]o/ k'FhL ;+sng u/]sf] 5 . !$ s/f]8 ^ nfv ($ xhf/ art, !% s/f]8 & nfv @( xhf/ C0f nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ! s/f]8 &) nfv @( xhf/ ( ;o ?k}of cfDbfgL u/]sf] ;+:yfn] ! s/f]8 ^& nfv !* xhf/ # ;o ( ?k}of vr{ u/]sf] 5 . $@ nfv !) xhf/ $ ;o ?k}ofF hu]8f tyf cGo sf]ifdf art u/]sf] ;+:yfn] ;xsf/Lx?df b]lvPsf] ;+s6df ;d]t

jif{ #) c+s !! @)*) df3 $ ut] ljxLjf/

w'lnv]n÷aGb x'g nfu]sf] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ # l:yt rf]nfdfydf /x]sf] k~rsGof cfwf/e't ljBfnodf clxn] el/e/fp ljBfyL{ egf{ ePsf 5g\ . s]lx jif{ cl3 $) eGbf sd ljBfyL{ ePsf] pQm ljBfnodf clxn] ! ;o &^ hgf cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljBfyL{x?sf nflu sIffsf]7f ck'u ePsf], ePsf ejg k' / fgf ePsf sf/0f gu/kflnsfn] ;dk'/s ah]6df ;dfj]z u/L Ps s/f]8 ljlgof]hg u/]sf] lyof] . k|b]z ;/sf/n] gu/kflnsfn] ljlgof]hg u/]s} hlt /sd ljlgof]hg u/] kl5 ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ z'ef/De ePsf] xf] . pQm ejgsf] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr a'waf/ lznfGof; u/]sf 5g\ . …e'sDk kl5 w'lnv]nsf !@ j6f j8fx?df /x]sf ljleGg ljBfnox?sf] k'glgdf{0f ug{] qmddf k~rsGof @% cf} xf] Ú –gu/ k| d ' v czf] s Aof~h' n ] eg]–…ljBfnosf] k'jf{wf/ lgdf{0f, ef}lts ;+/rgf;Fu} z}lIfs u'0f:t/df Wofg lbPsf 5f}+ .Ú b/aGbL ldnfg, ljBfno tyf lzIfs Plss/0f, u'0f:t/sf nflu ljleGg z}lIfs sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul//x]sf] atfpFb} gu/ k|d'v Aof~h' n ] z} l Ifs sfo{ q mdsf nflu gu/kflnsf leq /x]sf ljBfnox?df /fHosf] aflif{s $% s/f]8 eGbf w]/} /sd vr{ eO{/x]sf] atfP . w'lnv]n lzIff, :jf:Yo nufotsf If]qdf u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf k|bfg ug{] gu/sf ?kdf :yfkgf ug{] pb]Zon] ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] u'0f:t/nfO{ ;d]t k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] atfP . j8f cWoIf u0f]z cfrfo{n] j8f If]qsf gful/sx?nfO{ ;xh / ;'ne ?kdf u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ug{] pb]Zon] kfFr bzs cl3 :yfkgf ePsf] ljBfnon] k|bfg ug{]

u'0f:t/nfO{ cem} a9fjf lbg lzIfs, ljBfyL{, ;d'bfo, cleefjs / hgk|ltlglwx? ;lqmo x'g' kg{] atfP . …gful/sx?nfO{ lzIff, :jf:Yo / ljsf;sf cGo k"jf{wf/x?df sdL x'g glbg lg/Gt/ ;lqmo 5f}+Ú– j8f cWoIf cfrfo{n] eg]–…ljBfno ejg lgdf{0f kl5 z}lIfs u'0f:t/nfO{ yk ;xof]u k'Ug]5 .Ú ljBfno ejg lgdf{0f lznfGof; sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks k| s fz x' d fufO{ n ] cleefjs / ljBfyL{x?sf] dg lhTg c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 g}lts, Aojxf/Ls lzIff k|bfg ul//x]sf] atfP . …xfdL 3/af6 ljBfno lemsfpg], l6sfpg], l;sfpg] / g]kfndf ljsfpg] lzIff k| b fg ug{ k| o Tg 5f} + Ú –k| w fgfWofks x'dfufO{n] eg]–…u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf nflu ;d'bfosf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf cfjZos 5 .Ú g;{/L b]lv sIff * ;Dd ! ;o &^ hgf ljBfyL{x? cWoog/t ljBfno nfdf] ;do b]lv s]lx lzIfsx?sf sf/0f lgoldt ;+rfng x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . ;d'bfosf] ;lqmotfsf sf/0f aGb x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] ljBfnonfO{ k' g { l hjg lbPsf] d f :yfgLox?n] wGojfb AoQm u/]sf] ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt cWoIf alb| a8fnn] atfP . k|ljlwd}qL lzIf0f l;sfO{df hf]8,

dfWolds tx ;+rfng, afnd}qL ljBfno jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/L sfd k|lt ;sf/fTds ;f]r ePsf hgzlQm pTkfbg ug{] pTs[i6 z}lIfs ynf]sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{], ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] nflu ;'/lIft l;sfO{ jtfj/0f dfkm{t hLjgkof]uL Pjd /f]huf/ pGd'v lzIffsf] Aoj:yf ug{] ljBfnosf] ?kdf :yflkt ug{] nufotsf of]hgf /x]sf] k|wfgfWofks k|sfz x'dfufO{n] atfP . gu/kflnsf tyf :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwsf] ;lqmo ;xof]usf sf/0f ljBfnon] k'g{lhjg kfPsf] pgn] atfP . @)*! c;f/ !) ut] leq ;DkGg ug{] u/L b'O{ tNnfsf] ^ sf]7] klSs ejg lgdf{0fsf] ;Demf}tf @)*) k'if ! ut] ePsf] lyof] . gu/kflnsfn] /fv]sf] ! s/f]8 ;dk'/s ah]6df k|b]z ;/sf/n] ! s/f]8 ljlgof]hg u/]sf] lyof] . ! s/f]8 (( nfv (( xhf/ nfut cg'dfg ul/Psf] pQm ejg ! s/f]8 @* nfv @% xhf/df lgdf{0f ;Demf}tf ePsf] xf] . afFsL /sd ;f]lx ljBfno lgdf{0fsf nflu vr{ ug{] gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] atfP . @)@* ;fndf ;fljs ag]kfsf] av'8f]n eGg] :yfgdf :yfgLox?n] kf7zfnfsf ?kdf :yfkgf u/L @)@( ;fn h]7 !$ ut] k~rsGof cfwf/e' t ljBfno cf} k rfl/s ?kdf >Lv08k'/ ( xfn w'lnv]n gu/klfnsf j8f gDa/ # rf]nfdfydf :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] .

afnaflnsfsf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf nflu tflnd a'waf/ a;]sf] a}7sn] klg zfvf ;efklt czf]s >]i7nfO{ awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf AoQm u/]sf] ;lrj l;l4axfb'/ sdf{rfo{n] atfP . g] k fn Xbo/f] u k| l ti7fgn] nfoG; Snjsf] ;xof]udf ag]kfdf ;fKtflxs ?kdf d'6' kl/If0f ug{] lSnlgs ;+rfng ePsf] 5 eg] :jf:Yo lzlj/x? ;+rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . ljBfno ljBfnodf k'uL afnaflnsfx?df x'g ;Sg] afy d'6' /f]usf] klxrfg / kl/If0f ul//x]sf] 5 . cfufdL lbgdf g]kfn Xbo/f]u fsf

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM !(*%.!).)%

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*).!).)!

w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf gu/ afn Snasf] cfof]hgfdf gu/ leq /x]sf afn Snasf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ Ifdtf clea[l4 ug{ @ lbg] tflnd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . tflnddf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] lhNnfs} klxnf] afnd}qL gu/ 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] gu/kflnsf ePsfn] afnd}qL 3f]if0ff u/] kl5 s] s] ;'wf/ eP / cem} afnaflnsfsf] If]qdf s] ug{ afFsL /x]sf] 5 To;sf af/]df gu/kflnsfnfO{ ;'emfj lbg cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . afnd}qL gu/ 3f]if0ff ePkl5 afnaflnsfx?n] afn clwsf/ ;DaGwL, sfg'gsf] 1fg yfxf kfPsf], afn ljjfx Go'lgs/0f ePsf], g]t[Tj ljsf;sf nfuL ;xof]u k'u]sf], afn

lgjf/0f k|lti7fgn] to u/]sf ^ j6f /fli6«o sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/tfsf ;fy} lhNnfdf lgoldt ?kdf d'6' /f]u af/] hgr]tgf km}nfpg ;lqmo x'g] cWoIf >]i7n] atfP . lgj{tdfg cWoIf xl/eQm ef]lIfef]ofn] ag]kfdf /x]sf d'6'/f]uLx?nfO{ /fhwfgL;Dd hfg sl7g ePsf] cj:yfdf ag]kfdf ;fdfGo kl/If0f ug{] / d'6' /f]usf af/]df hfgsf/L lbg] pb]Zon] g]kfn Xbo/f]u lgjf/0f ;+:yf :yfkgf ul/Psf] atfP . ;+:yfks cWoIf :j=/fdeQm sf]v >]i7n] :yfkgf u/]sf] pQm ;+:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbb} ;d'bfodf d'6' /f]usf af/]df hgr]tgf km}nfpg] cleofgdf lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] pgn] atfP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM !(*%.!).)%

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*).!).)!

:j= hut dfof af;' dfgGw/ o; sfF7' u0f]z art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf ;Nnfxsf/ a'4/Tg dfgGw/sf] ddtfdoL dftf hut dfof af;' dfgGw/sf] (% jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] c;fdlos :juf{/f]x0fn] o; sfF7' u0f]z ;fsf]; kl/jf/ :tAw ePsf 5f}F . o; b'Mvb\ 3l8df lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/ hgdf w}o{wf/0f ug]{ zlQm k|bfg u?g egL >L r08]Zj/L dfO{df k|fy{gf ;lxt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

xl/ uf]kfn dfgGw/ cWoIf Pj+

:j= hutdfof dfgGw/ o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;Nnfxsf/ a'4/Tg dfgGw/sf ddtfdoL dftf hut dfof af;' dfgGw/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

;f]s ;'wf/ e}n

;'eb|f >]i7

;lrj

k|aGw ;~rfns tyf

kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe]|

clhdf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln kl/jf/, ag]kf–&, sfe|]knf~rf]s

afnaflnsf ;DaGwL ;d:ofx? ;fd'lxs ?kdf ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsPsf] atfPsf lyP eg] cem} afnaflnafsf If]qdf cfPsf] ah]6 k'0f{ ?kdf sfof{Gjog gePsf], k|To]s ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf lgz'Ns k|bfg ul/g] elgPsf] lzIffdf lje]b ul/Psf], afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;fdflhs / Aoaxfl/s sfddf klg ;dfj]z ug{ gu/ k|d'v Aof~h';Fu cfu|x u/]sf lyP . gu/ k|d'v AofGh'n] afnaflnsfx?sf nfuL gu/n] ah]6 dfq} geO{ plgx?sf] Ifdtf, g]t[Tj ljsf;sf nfuL o:tf tflndx? k|bfg ub{} cfPsf] atfP . gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] afnaflnsf eg]sf] sfFrf] df6f] ePsfn] ljBfnon] dfq} geO{ ;dfh / 3/df ;d]t /fd|f] lzIff

lbg'kg{] atfP . afnaflnsfx?nfO{ cfkm'n] l;s]sf /fd|f s'/fx?nfO{ htL ;Sbf] ;a} afnafnaflnsf ;Fu k'¥ofpg' kg{] / g/fd|f] s'/fnfO{ ;'wf/ ug{' kg{], tflnddf l;s]sf s'/fx?nfO{ Aoaxf/df ptfg{' kg{], ;dfhsf x/]s ljifo yfxf kfO{ r]tgf a[l4 ub{} 1fg a9fpFb} cfkm\gf] Ifdtf / lzIff a9fpFb} n}hfg' kg{] atfP . tflnddf afnaflnsfsf] If]qdf sfd ug{] ;xhstf{ xl/zrGb| l3ld/] nufotn] ;xhLs/0f u/]sf lyP eg] ;+of]hs ;'jf]w lwdfnn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj gu/ afn Snasf cWoIf ;ld/ k|hfkltn] u/]sf lyP eg] :jfut dGtAo pkfWoIf lbj; ltdlN;gfn] /fv]sf lyP .

>L sd{rf/L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s

!% cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DaGwL ;"rgf >L sd{rf/L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] ldlt @)*)÷)(÷@% ut] a;]sf] ;+rfns ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{ofg';f/ tklznsf] ldlt, :yfg / ;dodf lgDg ljifox?df 5nkmn ul/ lg0f{o lngsf nflu o; ;+:yfsf] kGw|f}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef a:g] ePsfn] clgjfo{ pkl:yltsf] nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . sfo{qmd M ldlt M@)*)÷!)÷@^ ut], z'qmaf/ ;do M lbgsf] ! ah] /Tgaxfb'/ clwsf/L :yfg M e]6]l/g/L c:ktfn tyf kz' ;]jf, w'lnv]n ;lrj 5nkmnsf ljifox?

– cf=j=@)&(÷)*) sf] ;lrj, sf]iffWoIf / n]vf ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg dfly 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug{] ;DaGwdf .

– cf=j=@)&(÷)*) sf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfly 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug{] ;DaGwdf .

– cf=j=@)*)÷)*! sf] nflu n]vfk/LIfs lgo"lQm tyf lghsf] kfl/>lds tf]Sg] ;DaGwdf .

– cf=j=@)*)÷)*! sf] nflu tof/ u/]sf] jflif{s gLlt, sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 dfly 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug{] ;DaGwdf .

– ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{o k'l:tsfdf x:tfIf/ u/L lg0f{o k|dfl0ft ug{ k|ltlglw rog ug{] ;DaGwdf .

– ljljw ;DaGwdf .

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

kf“rvfndf e'sDk lbj; dgfO{of] e'sDk kl5sf] p2f/df ;z:qsf] ‘8]df]’ kfFrvfn÷dWofGx !@ aHg} nfu]sf] lyof] . !!=@* df kfFrvfn $ sf] v]n d}bfgdf k|lt:kwf{sf nflu hDdf ePsf ljBfyL{x? ;d]t crDddf k/] . e'sDk uof] e'sDk . ;Fu} /x]sf ;xeflu, lzIfs tyf :yfgLox? klg lrRofPsf] cfjfh kl5 otfptf ub{} lyP . b'O{ j6f em'k|f / Pp6f sRrL 3/af6 arfp arfpsf] cfjfh cfO{/x]sf] lyof] . s]lx dfG5]x? /f]O{/x]sf lyP . s]lx p2f/sf nflu clkn ul//x]sf lyP . x]bf{ x]b{} b[Zodf s]lx 3/ elTsP . plgx?n] 3/df cfkmGt k' l /Psf] atfpF b } lyP . ;z:q k|x/L an !% gDj/ u0f x]8Sjf6/ kfFrvfnsf k|d'v P;kL cRo'ts'df/ dhu}ofnfO{ e'sDk uPsf] / s]lx 3/x?df IftL k'u]/ s]lx :yfgLox? xtfxt ePsf] vj/ cfpF5 . tTsfn} P;kL dhu}ofn] ;'/Iff ;lxt p2f/ 6f]nL vl6g lgb{]zg lbg' cl3 lhNnf ljkb Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpF5g\ . k|lhc zdf{n] ;'/Iff lgsfosf ;a} 6f]nLnfO{ vj/ u/L tTsfn} zz:q k|x/L kl/rfngsf nflu lgb{]zg lblG5g\ . zz:q k|x/L an !% gDj/ u0f x]8Sjf6/ kfFrvfnsf] p4f/ 6f]nLn] :yfgLo >f]t / ;fwg, k|ljwLsf] k|of]u u/L :6«]r/ ;lxt PDa'n]G; lnP/ 36gf:yn k'U5 . tTsfn} 3fO{t]x?nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{;Fu} uPsf] ;z:q k|x/Ls} :jf:YsdL{sf] 6f]nLn] pkrf/sf nflu :6«]r/ / PDa'n]G; dfkm{t w'lnv]n c:ktfn k7fpF5 . afFsL /x]sfx?sf] vf]h / p2f/sf nflu cfjZos ;'/Iff dfkb08 ckgfpFb} vf]htnf; z'? u5{ . k'gM e'sDksf] k/fsDksf sf/0f pTkGg hf]lvddf p4f/sf nflu vl6Psf] 6f]nLn] cfkm\gf] /Iffsf nflu t}gfy x'G5 . s]lx ;do kl5 3/sf] 9f]sf sf6]/ k'l/Psfx?sf] p4f/ x'G5 . k'l/Psf dWo] Pssf] lhljt} / Pssf] d[t cj:yfdf p4f/ x'G5 . plgx? b'a}nfO{ yk pkrf/ tyf kf]:6df6{dsf nflu lhNnf l/km/ u5{ . @^ cf}+ e'sDk ;'/Iff lbj;sf cj;/df sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] kfFrvfndf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 8]df]df zz:q k|x/Ln] e'sDk cfpg' cl3sf] tof/L, e'sDk kl5sf] vf]h tyf p4f/sf af/]df 8]df] k|b{zg u/]sf] lyof] . gful/sx?n] e'sDkaf6 aRg] vfnsf ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{ tyf e'sDk uP kl5sf] p4f/df Wofg lbg' kg{] ljifo / :jo+ ;'/IffsdL{n] klg ljkbsf] cj:yfdf vl6Fbf Wofg lbg' kg{] ljifodf ;r]t u/fO{Psf] lyof] .

@)&@ sf] e"sDkdf lhNnfdf ePsf] Iflt ljgfzsf/L e"sDksf sf/0f sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf # ;o &@ hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg] !$ xhf/ * ;o $# hgf 3fO{t] ePsf lyP . @ ;o #& hgfsf] lhljt} p2f/ ul/Psf] lyof] eg] $ ;o (^ j6f k|f0fL p2f/ ul/Psf] lyof] . e'sDkdf 3fO{t] ePsfx? dWo] $ xhf/ &^ hgf lj/fdLsf] p2f/ ul/Psf] lyof] . lhNnfdf /x]sf *# xhf/ @ ;o @$ k'0f{ ?kdf Iflt ePsf lyP . ;/sf/L ejgx?, ;fd'bflos ejg, ;xsf/L ejg, u'Daf, /]8qm; ejg, n3' hnljB"Q, d7 dlGb/, b'w lr:ofg s]G›, ;fd'bflos ljBfno, :jf:Yo ejg, k|x/L rf}sL, s[lif pkhx? ! c/j #% s/f]8 *@ nfv %) xhf/ a/fa/sf] Iflt ePsf] lyof] . vfBfGg, t/sf/L tyf gub] afnL, xf6 ahf/, Aoj;foLs s[lif kmd{ nufotsf] Iflt eof] . vfg]kfgL, zf}rfnox? k'z ;]jf s]G› / kz'wgdf ;d]t s/f]8f}+sf] Iflt eof] . sfe|]df e"sDkn] Iflt ePsf] ;e]{ ul/Psf (* xhf/ !( 3/ w'/L dWo] nfeu|flxsf] ;"rLdf k/]sf *$ xhf/ $ ;o *^ 3/ w'/L lyP . h;dWo] &^ xhf/ ^ ;o *$ 3/ w'/Ln] klxnf] ls:tfsf nflu ;Demf}tf u/]sf lyP . ;/sf/ / Pglhcf] dfkm{t pQm ;Demf}tf ePsf] lyof] . lhNnfdf Pglhcf]n] k'g{lgdf{0fsf nflu cfjf;df @ xhf/ * ;o (& 3/ w'/LnfO{ ;Demf}tf ug]{ k|ltj4tf AoQm u/]sf lyP . …:yfgLo ;|f]t / k|ljlwsf] ;d]t k|of]u u/f}+, e'sDk y]Ug] ;+/rgf agfcf}+Ú eGg] d'n gf/fsf ;fy kfFrvfn km'6jn d}bfgdf e'sDk ;'/Iff ;DaGwL 8]df] k|bz{g ul/Psf] xf] . e'sDk ;'/Iff lbj; lhNnf d'n cfof]hs ;ldlt sfe|]sf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;z:q k|x/L an !% gDa/ u0f kfFrvfnn] 8]df] k|bz{g u/]sf] xf] . . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?›fb]jL zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v lbks uf}tdsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf lhNnf l:yt ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'v Pj+ k|ltlglw, kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf pk–k|d'v ;'o{dfof bg'jf/, k|x/L k|d'v P;kL efu]Gb|k'?if 9sfn, /fli6«o cg';Gwfgsf /fhg k|hfklt, g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L sfe|]sf ;efklt /3'gfy x'dfufFO{, kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ljleGg ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?sf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .

sfe|]sf] >Lv08k'/df k|j]z4f/ / gfMkmNrf lznfGofz, lgdf{0ffwLg dxfb]j kf]v/L lgl/If0f w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ % l:yt >Lv08k'/df k|j]z4f/ / gfMkmNrf lznfGofz ul/Psf] 5 . Zj]te}/j dlGb/ k|j]zåf/ lgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . w' l nv] n gu/kflnsfsf] k' / fgf] / P]ltxfl;s If]qsf] ?kdf /x]sf] >Lv08k'/ If]qsf] df}lnstf emNsg] k/Dk/fut z}lndf k|j]zåf/ lgdf{0f x'g]5 . o:t} eUgfjz]if cj:yfdf /x]sf] gfMkmNrfsf] klg lxhf] a'waf/ lznfGofz ul/Psf] 5 . ^) jif{eGbf cl3b]vL eUgfjz]ifsf] ?kdf /x]sf] kmNrf k'gMlgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . k|j]z4f/ / gfMkmNrf lznfGofz ub}{ gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] ;+Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{gdf gu/kflnsf nflu/x]sf] atfP . xfd|f df}lns ;fF:s[lts, wfld{s Pj+ P]ltxfl;s ;Dkbf, kf6L kf}jfsf] ;+/If0f / k|j4{g gu/kflnsfsf] k|fyldstfdf /x]sf] pgsf] egfO{ 5 . lxhf] a'waf/ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ % df lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] dxfb]j kf]v/Lsf] ;d]t gu/ k|d'v

Aof~h'n] lgl/If0f u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] k|flrg dxTjsf] kf]v/L lgdf{0fn] v';L ldn]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . kf]v/L lgdf{0f sfo{ clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . casf] !)÷!% lbgdf kf]v/L pb\3f6g ul/g] j8f cWoIf k|df]b >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbP . k'/fgf] Oltxf; af]s]sf] >Lv08k'/sf ;DkbfnfO{ hLjGt lbg cfkm'x? nflu/x]sf] pgsf] egfO{ 5 . k'vf{n] agfPsf ;Dkbf efjL ;GtltnfO{ ;d]t x:tfGt/0f ug{ cfjZos /x]sf] pgn] atfP . >Lv08k'/sf] Oltxf; / klxrfg sfod /fVg klg df}lns ;+kbf ;+/If0f / k'gMlgdf{0f h?/L /x]sf] pgsf] egfO{ lyof] . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f ! sf j8f cWoIf ;Gt axfb'/ tfdfª, j8f gDa/ # sf j8f cWoIf u0f]z cfrfo{, ( sf j8f cWoIf ab|L x'dfufFO{, !! sf j8f cWoIf gf/fo0f a8fn, j8f gDa/ % sf j8f ;b:o, j8f ;lrj lgd{nf /fjn, g]skf Pdfn] gu/ cWoIf bof/fd dxt, g]skf PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLsf xl/uf]kfn k|wfgf+u;lxt :yfgLosf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .

kgf}tL Hofnflr6Lsf @ ;o &@ 3/w'/Ldf vfg]kfgLsf] wf/f kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ $ Hofnflr6Lsf @ ;o &@ 3/w'/Ldf vfg]kfgL k'u]sf] 5 . k|To]s 3/df :jR5 vfg]kfgL k'¥ofpg] cleogfsf ;fy ;'? ePsf] sfd !@ jif{kl5 sfo{qmdn] k'0f{tf kfPsf] xf] .

Ps 3/,Ps wf/f cleofgsf] cf}krfl/s pb\3f6g ul/Psf] 5 . Ps 3/, Ps wf/f cleofg cGtu{t kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ $ sf @ ;o &@ 3/w'/Ldf wf/f h8fg ul/Psf] xf] . jfudtL k|b]z ;/sf/af6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] !% nfv tyf gu/kflnsf / j8f sfof{nosf] ;xof]udf @ ;o &@ 3/df wf/f h8fg ul/Psf] Hofnflr6L vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf cWoIf lbks yfkfn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g . yfkfsf cg';f/ k'/fgf pkef]Qmf @ ;o !% 3/w'/Laf6 % xhf/ / gofF pkef]Qmf %& 3/w'/Laf6 ( xhf/ % ;osf b/n] /sd p7fOPsf] 5 . xfn;Dd () k|ltzt sfd ;DkGg ePsf] / afFsL !) k|ltzt sfd l5§} ;DkGg u/]/ cfufdL ;fwf/0f ;efdf ;Dk'0f{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ ;lrj lbks

yfkfn] hfgsf/L lbP . c;f]h ( ut]af6 yflnPsf] 6\of+sL lgdf{0f sfo{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] df3 !) ut]leq ;DkGg ug{'kg]{ ;Demf}tf lyof] . t/ lgwf{l/t ;doeGbf sl/j ! dlxgfcl3 g} sfd ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . of] aLrdf kfOknfOg lj:tf/, 3/–3/df wf/f h8fg nufotsf sfo{;d]t ;DkGg ePsf] cWoIf yfkfn] hfgsf/L lbP . o;cl3 @) xhf/ ln6/ Ifdtfsf] 6\of+sL dfkm{t kfgL ljt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] lyof] . h;n] ubf{ 6\of+sL l56f] el/P/ v]/ hfFbf kfgL ljt/0fdf ;d:of ePsf] lyof] . gjlgld{t 6\of+sL (@ xhf/ ln6/ Ifdtfsf] 5 . b'j} 6\of+sLdf u/]/ ! nfv !@ xhf/ ln6/ kfgL e08f/0f ug{ ;lsg] ePsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ kfgL ljt/0fdf ;xh x'g] pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] ljZjf; 5 . afFsL !) k|ltzt sfd l5§} ;DkGg u/]/ cfufdL ;fwf/0f ;efdf ;Dk'0f{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ ;lrj lbks yfkfn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g . ;ldltn] 3/df wf/f hf]8\gsf nflu lgj]bg dfu u/] adf]lhd # ;o @) 3/w'/Ln] lgj]bg lbPsf 5g\ .

sfo{ q mddf af] N b} lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf lbks uf}tdn] e'sDk h'g;'s} a]nfklg cfpg;Sg] ePsfn] e'sDk k|lt/f]wL ;+/rgf lgdf{0fdf hf]8 lbg cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . o:t} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?›fb]jL zdf{n] e'sDksf] ;dodf ;'/lIft /xg ckgfpg'kg]{ pkfoaf/] ;a} ;r]t x'g'kg]{ atfOg\ . pkk|d'v ;'o{dfof bg'jf/n] :yfgLo ;/sf/n] ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ubf{ e'sDk k|lt/f]wfTds ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf nflu k|oTg ul//x]sf] atfO{g\ . g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L sfe|]sf ;efklt /3'gfy x'dfufFO{n] /]8qm;n] ljklQdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfO/x]sf] atfP . pgn] /]8qm;n] ljkb\ k'j{sf] tof/Ldf ;d]t ;'';'lrt u/fpFb} cfPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gfn] @)&@ sf] e'sDknfO{ cj;/sf] ?kdf lnFb} e'sDk k|lt/f]wL ;+/rgf lgdf{0fdf s8fO{ ug{'kg]{ atfP . ejg e'sDk k|lt/f]wL gaGbf w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt Joxf]g{'k/]sf] pgsf] egfO{ 5 .

lrtjgdf al/i7 ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfn k'/:s[t x'“b}

jif{ #) c+s !! @)*) df3 $ ut] ljxLjf/

kf“rvfndf !( alif{of o'jtL dfyL o;/L eof] ;fd'lxs anfTsf/ d]/f] a'af cfdf;Fu} d kfFrvfn tfdf3f6 a:b} cfPsf] lyPF . xfdL ;a} dhb'/L u5f{} . d]/f] ljjfx ePsf] s]lx jif{ eO{ ;s]sf] 5 . d !( aif{sf] ePF . @)*) k'if @& ut] ;fFem % ah]sf] ;dodf tfdf3f6 l:yt lbbLsf] 3/df hfg d lgl:sPsf] lyPF . ;fFem & ah] lt/ ;f]lx :yfgdf /x]sf] Knl6Ë glhs}sf] dlGb/df k'u] kl5 dnfO{ dfbs kbf{y ;]jg u/L xftdf ljP/sf] l;;L af]s]sf s]lx AolQmx?n] ;dft]/ tfGg nfu] . tfGg]x? dWo] ljo/sf] af]tn af]Sg] lw/h xfdfn, 3gZofd >]i7, cd/ ljs / Ps !& alif{o afnsn] dnfO{ tfGb} uf]/]6f] af6f] glhs} /x]sf] ;fj{hlgs h+undf k'¥ofP . ha{hl:t /lS; klg v'jfP . d efUg vf]h]+ . lrRofPF . /f]PF . s/fPF . plgx?n] 5f8\b} 5f8]gg\ . rf/}hgfn] d]/f] xft kfv'/fdf ;dfP/ /fv] . d]/f sk8fx? vf]lnlbP . d]/f] s]lx rn]g . To; dWo]sf lw/h xdfnn] d'v y'lglbP . To; dWo]sf 3gZofd >]i7, cd/ ljs / !& alif{o AolQmn] kfn}kfnf] ha{hl:ts/0fL u/] . To; nuQ} plgx? dnfO{ h+undf g} 5fl8lbP . d 3/ hfg ;lsgF . 8/ nfUof] . ;f]lx :yfgdf /x]sf] h+unsf] ?vdf cfkm'n] cf]9]sf] ;nn] 3fF6Ldf kf;f] nufO{ em'l08g nfUbf uf]/]6f] af6f]df 6\ofS;Ldf ;f]lx af6f] x'Fb} cfPsf :yfgLox?n] b]v]/ dnfO{

-kLl8t lszf]/Lsf] aofg h:tfsf] t:t}_ p4f/ u/] . To; kl5 plgx?s} ;xof]udf k|x/LnfO{ va/ u/L plgx? al;/x]sf] :yfgdf k'lu k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . plgx? dWo] s]lxnfO{ d lrG5' . s]lxnfO{ lrlGbgF . lrg]sf dWo] lw/h xdfnnfO{ xfdL ;a}n] dfdf eGg] u/]sf lyof}+ .

s] xf] 36gf <

cfTdxTofsf] k|of; ub{} ubf{ :yfgLox?n] p4f/ u/]sL o'jtLnfO{ ;fd'lxs anfTsf/ ul/Psf] v'n]sf] 5 . ;fd'lxs anfTsf/ ug{] o'jfx? kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . kqmfp kg{]df !& alif{o afns ;d]t 5g\ . kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ & lzv/k'/ l:yt km'6an u|fp08 glhs}sf] uf]/]6f] af6f] glhs} /x]sf] emf8Ldf !( alif{of o'jtLn] cfTdxTofsf] k|of; ug{ nfUbf :yfgLox?n] b]v]/ p4f/ u/]sf lyP . :yfgLosf] p4f/ ;Fu} o'jtLnfO{ ;fd'lxs anfTsf/ ug{] o'jfx?nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . kqmfp k/]sfx?sf] cg';Gwfg z'? ePsf] 5 . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf cg';f/ kqmfp kg{]x?df pbok'/ tfKnL ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ * 3/ eO{ kfFrvfn j8f gDj/ &

ef8fdf a:b} cfPsf @* alif{o lw/h xdfn, ef]hk'/ if9fgGb ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ * 3/ eO{ ;f]lx :yfgdf a:b} cfPsf 3gZofd >]i7, wgs'6f lhNnf dxfnIdL gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ 3/ eO{ kfFrvfn & a:g] !( aif{sf cd/ ljs / ;f]lx :yfgdf sfd u/L a:g] !& alif{o afns 5g\ . rf/ hgfn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf h+undf nu]/ d'v y'g]/ ha{hl:ts/0fL u/]sf] kLl8t dlxnfn] atfPsL l5g\ . kfFrvfn tfdf3f6 ahf/df s]lx ;fdfg lsGg hfg] qmddf kmfO{6/ gfds /lS; vfP/ al;/x]sf lt o'jfx?n] kLl8t o'jtLnfO{ af6f]df ;dfP/ l;w} h+un k'¥ofO{ d'v y'g]/ ha{hl:t s/0fL u/]sf lyP . kLl8t o'jtLsf] >Ldfg klg ;f]lx :yfgdf dhb'/L ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . ;a} o'jfx? Tolx dhb'/L ub{} cfPsf lyP . Ps jif{ cl3 !* jif{s} pd]/df pgsf] ljjfx eO{;s]sf] lyof] . plgx?af6 aRg cfkm'n] cfTdxTofsf] k|of; u/]sf] kLl8t o'jtLn] atfPsL l5g\ . tTsfn} :yfgLox?n] b]v]/ pgnfO{ cfTdxTofaf6 arfPsf] / k|x/LnfO{ va/ u/]sf lyP . k|x/Ln] kf}if @& ut] /flt g} plgx?nfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnO{ kf}if @( ut] d'2f btf{ u/]sf] lyof] .

kgf}tLdf cGt/ afn ;~hfn e|d0f M gjf}+ /fli6«o of]u kgf}tL–$ sf afnjflnsf j8f gDa/ # df

ljsf; ltdlN;gf÷kgf}tL kgf}tL $ sf afnaflnsfx? cWoog cjnf]sg e|d0fsf nflu j8f gDa/ # df k'u]sf 5g\ . ldqtf j8f afn ;~hfn kgf}tL–$ sf] cfof]hgfdf cGt/ afn ;~hfn e|d0f Pj+ cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ePsf] xf] . cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ # sf j8f cWoIf lji0f'k|;fb ;fksf]6f, afnd}qL ;+ks{ JolQm ?kf yfkf, j8f ;b:o u0f]z l3ld/], ;/:jtL ;'Gbf;, j8f gDa/ $ sL afnd}qL ;xhstf{ nlntf lwtfn, !@ gDa/ j8fsL afnd}qL ;xhstf{ ;'idf tfdfª, gu/ afn ;~hfn cWoIf lblIft Gof}kfg], gu/ afn ;~hfn ;b:o clgz ;fksf]6f, ;+3if{lzn afn ;~hfnsL cWoIf ;'wf ;fksf]6f, ldqtf afn ;~hfnsf cWoIf k'/j a~hf/f nufotsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . j8f cWoIf lji0f' k | ; fb ;fksf]6fn] afnaflnsfsf] If]qdf ePsf sfo{ cg'ej cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmd dxTjk'0f{ /x]sf] atfP . yk l;sfOsf nflu cGt/ afn ;~hfn e|d0f k|efjsf/L x'g] pgsf] ljZjf; 5 . o:t} kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ $ sL afnd}qL ;xhstf{ nlntf lwtfnn] afnaflnsfnfO{ cfˆg} gu/kflnsf j'‰g], cGo j8fdf eO/x]sf ultljlw yfxf kfpg] cj;/sf ?kdf cGt/

afn ;~hfn e|d0f u/fOPsf] atfOg\ . afnd}qL 3f]if0ff kZrft lbuf]kgfsf nflu %! j6f ;'rsdf /x]/ sfd ul//x]sf] pgsf] egfO{ 5 . gu/ afn ;~hfn cWoIf lblIft Gof}kfg]n] afnd}qL lbuf]kgfsf nflu l;sfO{ lqmofsnfknfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] atfPsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf ;f}uft ;fksf]6fn] sljtf dfkm{t :jfut u/]sf lyP eg] sfo{qmd ;~rfng s?0f ;fksf]6fn] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf j8f gDa/ # / $ sf afnaflnsfaLr /f]rs cGt/lqmof ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ $ sf afnaflnsfn] cfˆgf] j8fdf afn ljjfx Go'gLs/0f ;DaGwL zLif{sdf jQm[Tjsnf k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf u/]/ afnljjfxsf sf/0f x'g] j]kmfObfaf/] hfgsf/L u/fOPsf], hgr]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd ul/Psf], 7fpF7fpFdf kf]i6/ 6fFl;Psf], ;8s gf6s k|:t't ul/Psf], afn>d /f]Sg ;xof]u k'of{pg] leQ] lrq sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . afn ;xefuLtf, afnaflnsf, cleefjssf, lzIfssf] ;xefuLtfdf afn>d /f]Sg ;xof]u ug]{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] pgLx?n] atfPsf 5g . o:t} j8f gDa/ # sf afnaflnsfn] klg cfˆgf] j8fdf afnaflnsfsf] If]qdf eO/x]sf sfdsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .

lbj; ;DkGg

ag]kf÷kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]n] ut df3 ! ut] ag]kfdf gjf}F /fli6«o of]u lbj; dgfPsf] 5 . kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt afudtL k|b]z k|d'v u|f]j]g tf}hn]n] ;xefuL of]u, lzIfs, lzlIfsf, ;fws, ;flwsf, cGo JolQmx?nfO{ !)* ;"o{ gd:sf/ ul/ z'ef/De ul/Psf] lyof] . of]u lbj; sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cfltYotf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ?b|fb]jL zdf{n] u/]ls lyO{g\ . k|d'v cltyL zdf{n] b}lgs of]u cEof;af6 :j:y hLjg :j:y ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f x'g] / ;sf/fTds lrq0fsf] ljsf; x'g] atfO{g\ . sfo{qmddf kQ~hnL of]u xl/åf/sf skf]{/]6 d]Da/ påa k|;fb ltdlN;gfn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{on] of]u lbj; b]ze/ dgfpg kfPsf] atfP . dlxnf of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf cg' >]i7n] :jfut dGtJo /fv]sL lyO{g\ eg] wGojfb 1fkg kt~hnL of]u ;ldltsf cWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7n] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng dxfdGqL df]xg >]i7n] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|d'v k|x/L gfoa pkl/Ifs nfnWjh ;'j]bL nufotsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ag]kf÷nfdf] ;dob]lv lg/Gt/ …hgdtÚ dfl;ssf] k|sfzg ul//xg' eO{ g]kfnL ;flxlTos kqsfl/tfsf] If]qdf pbfx/0fLo sfo{ ug{] sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ag]kf gu/kflnsf :yfoL 3/ ePsf al/i7 ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfn ;Ddflgt x'g] ePsf 5g\ . b'jfnn] …hgdt dfl;sÚsf] k"0ff{ª\s !!& b]lv !#& cª\s;Dd nuftf/ zlxb z'qm/fh zf:qLåf/f lj=;+= !(*^ df n]lvPsf] …:ju{sf] b/af/Ú gfds dxTjk"0f{ s[ltsf] k'gMk|sfzg ug'{ eO{ Ps P]ltxfl;s sfo{sf] ;'–;Dkfbg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{sf] pRr d"Nofª\sg ub}{ df]xg b'jfnnfO{ …zlxb bz/y rGb :d[lt k'/:sf/ @)*)Ú af6 k'/:s[t ul/g] ePsf] 5 . e/tk'/, lrtjgdf df3 !^ ut] zlxb lbj;sf] cj;/df gub !% xhf/ ;lxt ;Ddfg ul/g] atfO{Psf] 5 . pQm k'/:sf/ lrtjgsf] e/tk'/df eJo ;flxlTos ;df/f]xsf aLr k|bfg ul/g]5 .

lhNnf :t/Lo lgaGwdf ljBf ;fu/sL ;/+rgf ky|d ag] k f÷a' 8 f] n ;fd' b flos ;fsf];n] :yfkgfsf] @% cf} jif{ k|j]z u/] s f] cj;/df cfof] h gf u/] s f] lhNnf:t/Lo dfWolds ljBfno txsf nflu ;xsf/L lgaGw n]vg k|ltof]lutfdf ljBf;fu/ c+u|]hL dfWolds ljBfnodf cWoog/t ;+/rgf bfxfn k|yd ePsL l5g\ . k'if @* ut] zlgaf/ ag]kfdf cfof]lht pQm k|ltof]lutfdf a]n/ Ps]8]dLdf cWoog/t s[kf /fpt bf]>f] eO{g eg] cfb{z ljBf dlGb/df cWoog/t ;Ghf]u ltdlN;gf t]>f] eP . To:t} afnljsf; ljBfno w' l nv] n df cWoog/t nfldg 8f]Ndf nfdfn] ;fGTjgf k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sL l5g\ . ;xsf/Ln] /ht dxf]T;j dgfpg] sfo{qmddf ljljw sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul//x]sf] 5 . lzIff tyf k|sfzg pk ;ldltsf ;+of]hs k|sfz e't{]nsf cg';f/ ;xeflu ljBfyL{x?af6 pTs[i6 ljBfyL{ 5gf}6 ul/Psf] xf] .

hGdM !(*%.!).)%

:juf{/f]x0fM @)*).!).)!

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jif{ #) c+s !! @)*) df3 $ ut] ljxLjf/

d]/f] syf, d]/f] Joyf

motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

hjfgL n'6]sf] b'O{ jif{ kl5 l;qmLdf Wofg cGttM xfdL lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]s6af6 cnu eof}+.

ToxfF klg em'6f sfuh k]z ul/Psf] 5. cnu ePsf] s]lx dlxgf kl5 pgn] dnfO{ e]6\g af]nfP. d]/f] ;fydf pgn] lbPsf] l;qmL lyof]. ;Dkltsf gfddf Tolt dfq} xf]. pgn] c? s]lx lbPsf lyPgg\. r08]Zj/Lsf] PsfGt h+undf ;fdfg lbg' 5 eg]/ af]nfP. pN6} d]/f] unfdf ePsf] l;qmL n'6]/ nu]. l;Gw'nL lhNnf . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] l;dfgfdf k5{ . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ledvf]/L x'Fb} hfg] ;xh af6f]af6 3/ k'luG5 . ;'ljwfsf] ef]u ug{] gfddf af6f] lj/fpg k'u]sf] lyPF d . g]kfnsf] sfg"g Psflt/ 5 . Aojxf/ csf{] lt/ . ljutsf y'k|} syfx? xf]nfg\ . clxn] km/s kl/j]z 5 . h] eP klg dlxnfx?n] ef]Ug' kg{] cg]s syf Aoyf 5g\ . 5f]/L eP/ hGdg' g} ;dfhsf nflu clezfk aGg k'luFbf] /x]5 . afa' cfdfnfO{ klg 5f]/L hGdFbf dg lvl;|Ss x'g] . l5d]sL / cfkmGtsf] t s'/f ul/ ;fWo 5}g . 5f]/f gx'Fbf k[YjL efl;P em} ug{] cleefjs klg bf]lif x'g\ . sfg"gn] ;dfgtfsf] s'/f u5{ . ;dfj]zLtfsf] s'/f u5{ . t/ Aojxf/ 5}g . clgjfo{ elgPsf :yfgdf afx]s cGoq sfg"g sfof{Gjogdf hl6ntf 5 . ul/a kl/jf/df hGd eP5 . ;fob ul/as} dfq} syf x'G5g\ . 7'nfx?sf] t 36gf x'G5 xf]nf . To:tf ;d:of klg x'Fb}gg\ xf]nf . tLg ;Gtfg . a'af cfdfn] vfO{ gvfO{ u/]/ ;Gtfg x'sf{pFbf ef]u]sf clttx? w]/} 5g\ . csf{sf] af/L sdfP/ Ps ;dodf dfq} cfDbfgL x'g] cGg v'jfP/ tLg ;Gtfg / cfkm' s;/L afFr] xf]nfg\ < klxnf] ;Gtfg 5f]/L g} lyO{g\ . bf]>f] ;Gtfg d cfkm} 5f]/L ePF . 5f]/fsf] cf;df t]>f] ;Gtfg hGd]sf] lyof] . hGd]sf] s]lx lbgdf g} p;sf] lgwg eP5 . rf}yf] ;Gtfg aNn aNn 5f]/f hGd]sf] /x]5 . efO{ clxn] ;fg} 5 . xfdLn] p;sf] :ofxf/ ;';f/df s]lx ;do vlr{g' k/] klg a'af cfdfn] p;nfO{ ;xh Aoj:yfkg ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . lbbL !# jif{df 3/ 5f8]/ lxl8g\ . pgn] ag]kfdf Ps hgfsf] 3/df s]lx ;do sfd ul/g\ . yf]/} cWoog u/]sfn] pgn] cWoogsf] rfxgf AoQm ul/g\ . ;Dej klg eof] . sf]lx t eujfg g} x'G5g\ . & jif{sf] aLrdf pgn] P;O{O{ lbO{g\ . s]lx jif{ kl5 pgn] dnfO{

klg ag]kf af]nfO{g\ . ag]kf eGbf clns k/ b]lj6f/df af/L /x]5 . d klg ag]kfdf g} a:g yfn]+ . ag]kfaf6 sfdsf nflu xfdL Totf k'Ug] u/]sf lyof}+ . xfdLn] PSn} sfd ug{] cj:yf lyPg . ToxfF j/k/ ePsf AolQmx?nfO{ sfddf nufpbFf b]lj6f/s} Pshgf AolQm;uF d]/f] lrghfg eof] . pgn] sfdsf nflu ;xof]u ug{], dfG5]x? vf]hL ul/lbg] u/]sf lyP . pgsf] pd]/ klg Toltv]/ !& jif{ hlt lyof] xf]nf . d]/f] !^ jif{sf] dfq} lyof] . xfdL sfd u/]/ ;Sg] a]nf eljZosf] ;kgf b]lv/x]sf x'GYof] . pgn] klg dnfO{ ;xof]u ul//x]sf lyP . pgnfO{ klg d}n] eg]sf] eGbf w]/} ;xof]u u/]sf] lyPF . pgsf] kl/jf/ klg ul/a g} /x]5 . b'a} ul/a ul/a eP kl5 dg klg ldNg] /x]5 . lj:tf/} xfdL k|]ddf kg{ yfNof}+ . pgn] ljjfx u/]/ /fVg] s'/f u/] . ljjfx u/] kl5 d}n] sfd u/]sf] :yfgaf6 5f8\g' kb{Yof] . lbbLsf] ljjfx ug{ afs F L lyof] . xfdLnfO{ eg] xtf/ eof] . s]lx dlxgf kl5 lbbLnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fP/ xfdLn] ;fdfGo ?kn] r08]Zj/Ldf ljjfx u¥of}+ . ljjfxsf nflu pgn] l;qmL agfPsf /x]5g\ . d}n] t s]lx u/]sf] lyO{gF . lbbLnfO{ eg]sf] lyPF . pgn] Ps hf]/ gofF sk8f lslglbPsL lyO{g\ . Tolx nufP/ a]x'nL ag]+ . pgn] ag]kfs} r08]Zj/Ldf 8]/f lnP . xfdL Tolx a:g yfNof}+ . aRrf g} lyof}+ . !* jif{ nfUb} lyof] . xfdL Tolx dhb'/L ug{ yfNof}+ . ljjfx a|tjGwdf Sof6l/Ëdf ;xof]u ug{ yfNof}+ . c? ;dodf xfdLn] h] kfO{G5 Tof] sfd u/]/ lbgx? ljtfpg yfNof}+ . s]lx jif{;Dd xfdL ;Fu} a:of}+ . b'O{ jif{ klg ePsf] lyPg . pgsf] / d]/f] ;DjGwdf v6k6 cfpg yfNof] . pgn] dnfO{ z+sfsf] b[li6sf]0fdf x]g{ yfn] . s]6fx? eg]sf] z+sf ug{], >LdtLnfO{ cljZjf; ug{] leq kbf{ /x]5g\ . plgx?n] h] u/] klg xfdLn] k|Zg p7fpg gkfpg] t/ xfdL sf]lx

s]6f dfG5];Fu sfd ljz]ifn] af]Nof] eg] klg z+sf ul/xfNg] . To:t} eof] . d]/f] df]jfO{ndf sfd ug{ hfFbf lrg]sf Ps hgf ;fyLn] kmf]g u/]sf /x]5g\ . Pslbg Dof;]h klg u/]sf /x]5g\ . d]/f] lgot unt lyPg . df]jfO{n >Ldfg\nfO{ lbg] u/]sf] lyPF . Tolx ljifoaf6 pgn] dnfO{ oftgf lbg yfn] . aRrf ePsf] lyPg . cem} s]lx jif{ gkfpg] d]/f] rfxgf lyof] . ljjfx btf{ ul/;s]sf lyof}+ . pd]/ a9fP/ ul/Psf] ljjfx btf{n] dfGotf klg kfof] . kl5 l;Gw'nL lhNnfsf] d]/f] ufpFkflnsfn] pd]/ sd ePsf] k|df0fkq k7fof] . af:tljs hGdbtf{ km/s kf/]/ lsg sfuh lbof] dnfO{ yfxf 5}g . a:g} g;Sg] eP kl5 xfdLn] gofF af6f] /f]Hg] k|oTg u¥of}+ . d h:tf y'k|} ;fyLx? d]/f] h:t} ;+s6df lyP . clxn] klg 5g\ . r]tgf gx'Fbf ef]nL klg x'g]5g\ . lszf]/fj:yfd} ljjfx u/]sf sf/0f ljjfx ug]{ pd]/ k'Ubf a]3/ ePsf y'k|} pbfx/0f 5g . afnljjfx kl5sf] ax'ljjfx clg lx+;fdf k/]/ 3/jf/ ljxLg ePkl5 hLjg lgjf{xsf] ljsNk vf]Hb} Gofosf nflu ;b/d'sfd, k|x/L sfof{no / cfkmGt vf]Hg] qmd lta| ePsf] 5 . lhNnfdf lx+;f k|efljt dlxnfsf] xslxtdf sfd ub}{ cfPsf] ;+:yfx?n] klg hgr]tgf d'ns sfo{qmd ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg . afnljjfx u/]sf dlxnfx¿ clwsf+z klxn] lg/If/ lyP . clxn] s]lx cw{;fIf/ 5g\ t/ clwsf+z ;fIf/ 5g\ . ljx]kl5 dlxnfx¿n] k9\g kfpg] ;Defjgf cToGt} sd 5 . ;fg}df ljjfx u/] kl5 3/df >LdtL 5f]8]/ k'?ifx¿ zx/lt/ k9\g hfG5g\ . clg k9]n]v]sL s]6L ljx] u/]/ NofpF5g\ . 3/sL >LdtL dfly lx+;f x'G5 . afnljjfx al9 x'g] lhNnfsf ?kdf aemfËnfO{ lrlgPsf] 5 . o'PgPkmkLPn] @)&@ ;fndf u/]sf] cWoog cg';f/ aemfª g]kfndf afnlaafx a9L x'g] lhNnfx¿ dWo aemfª klxnf] lyof] .

efn]Zj/ dfljdf cIfo sf]if kgf}tL÷;fljs dNkL uflj;df /x]/ k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf lnnfaxfb'/ s];L a~hf/fsL a'xf/L t'n;f s];L -a'as'df/L_ sf] :d[ltdf kgf}tL * df /x]sf] efn]Zj/ dfljdf & nfvsf] 5fqa[lQ cIfo sf]if :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . cIfo sf]if :yfkgfsf nflu ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] 5f]/f k|lbk s];Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . sf]ifaf6 pQm ljBfnodf sIff ! b]lv !) ;Dd cWoo/t !÷! hgfsf b/n] s'n !) hgf ul/a tyf h]x]Gbf/ ljBfyL{sf nflu x/]s jif{ 5fqa[lQ k|bfg ul/g] sf]ifsf ;+of]hs /fh' s];Ln] atfPsf 5g\ . sf]ifsf] /sd ljBfnodf

x:tfGt/0f ul/g] ;+of]hs /fh' s];Ln] atfP . cd]l/sfdf /x]sf 5f]/L lbkf s]= ;L, 5f]/f cld/ s]=;L= / a'xf/L /f]zgL s]=;L=n] sf]ifdf hDdf ug{] /sd Aoj:yfkg u/]sf x'g\ . o;}aLr kgf}tL l:yt OG›]Zj/ dlGb/df lbk k|Hjng;Fu} dfOtL a[4f>ddf /x]sf h]i7 gful/snfO{ laxfgL vfgf v'jfO{Psf] 5 . lnnfaxfb'/ s];Lsf 5f]/fx? /fh' s];L tyf k|lbk s];L bDktLn] pQm sfo{ u/]sf x'g\ . ljxLaf/ laxfg dlGb/df lbk k|Hjng kl5 kgf}tLdf /x]sf] dfO{tL a[4f cf>ddf /x]sf h]i7 gful/ssf nflu laxfgL vfgf v'jfO{Psf] s];Lsf h]i7 ;'k'q k|bLk s];Ln] hfgsf/L lbP .

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pd]/ @) jif{ tf]s]sf] 5 . d'n'sL P]g, @)@) hf/L x'bfFsf avt !$ jif{ gk'u]sL :jf:gL dflg; / !* jif{ gk'u]sf] nf]Ug] dflg;n] ljjfx ug{ gkfpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf]df kl5 :jf:gL dflg;sf] pd]/ !^ jif{ sfod ul/Psf] lyof] . d'n'sL P]gsf] P3f/f}+ ;+zf]wgaf6 dlxnf / k'?if b'j}sf] pd]/ ;+/Ifssf] d~h'/Ln] !* jif{ / ;+/Ifssf] d~h'/L geP @) jif{ tf]lsPsf] lyof] . kl5Nnf] k6s s]xL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg tyf vf/]h ug]{ ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]g, @)&@ n] d'n'sL P]g, @)@) df ePsf] ;+zf]wg u/L ljjfx ug]{ Go"gtd pd]/ @) jif{ tf]s]sf] xf] . sfg'gL Joj:yfsf] pNn+3g u/]df afnjflnsfsf] pd]/ cg';f/ a9Ldf tLg jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd h/Ljfgf ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . cGttM xfdL lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]s6af6 cnu eof}+ . ToxfF klg em'6f sfuh k]z ul/Psf] 5 . cnu ePsf] s]lx dlxgf kl5 pgn] dnfO{ e]6\g af]nfP . d]/f] ;fydf pgn] lbPsf] l;qmL lyof] . ;Dkltsf gfddf Tolt dfq} xf] . pgn] c? s]lx lbPsf lyPgg\ . r08]Zj/Lsf] PsfGt h+undf ;fdfg lbg' 5 eg]/ af]nfP . pN6} d]/f] unfdf ePsf] l;qmL n'6]/ nu] . d}n] k|x/LnfO{ eg]+ . Tolt w]/} rf;f] lbPgg\ . pgnfO{ Tolx l;qmLsf] dfof /x]5 . n}hfpg d]/f] u'gf;f] 5}g . t/ u'gf;f] o;df 5 ls pd]/n] ;lx / unt 5'6\ofpg g;Sbf;Dd ljjfx ug{' x'Fb}g . cem s]6fx?n] x]Kg] u/L cfˆgf] sdfO{ gx'Fbf;Dd ljjfx ug{' x'Fb}g . afnljjfx /f]Sg] cleofgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfO{g' k5{ . To;f] eg]sf] s] xf] eg] cleefjsnfO{ /f]huf/ / l;k;Fu hf]8]/ ;GtfgnfO{ cWoogdf s]lGb|t ug{' k5{ . clg dfq} afnljjfx /f]lsG5 . xfdL h:tf afnaflnsfx? pd]/df c?sf] 3/df z/0f lng hfg' kb{}g .

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l;Gw'nL, xfnM ag]kf -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]n'sf * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

d]/f cIf/ ;f/]/ uP slt d]/f cIf/ ;f/]/ uP slt ltg} cIf/ df/]/ uP slt Û p:t} 5' d, d]/f] cIf/ p:t} 5 o} cIf/sf] lrÝf kf/]/ uP sltÛ cIf/sf] dd{ / cy}{ ga'emL cIf/b]lv xf/]/ uP sltÛ cIf/df kf] km'N5 gofF hdfgf hdfgf To;} 6f/]/ uP slt Û la;]{ kfk nfUbf] xf] To;}n] ufnfdf cfF;' emf/]/ uP slt Û

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s[i0f k|0ffdL o'jf kl/ifb\n] u¥of] wfld{s cGtlqm{of tyf k|lzIf0f

ag]kf÷>L s[i0f o'jf kl/ifb\ g]kfnsf] lhNnf ;ldlt sfe|]sf] cfof]hgfdf ut zlgaf/ wfld{s cGtlqm{of tyf cfWoflTds k|lzIf0f lzlj/ Pj+ dfO{Go'6 n]vg k|ljlw ;fIf/tf tflnd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . tflnddf k| d ' v k| l zIfs zfsfxf/L cleoGtf Pj+ kl/ifb\sf k"j{ s]lGb|o cWoIf dft[sf Kofs'/]nn] ;a} wd{ ;dfg eP klg wd{ dfGg] cf–cfˆgf] ;+:s[lt /x]sf] atfP . dflg; z'4 zfxfsf/L x'Fbf :jf:Yosf nfuL Psbd} /fd|f] ePsfn] z'4 zfxfsf/L ef]hg ug{' g} pko'Qm x'g] ;a}n] zfsfxf/L ef]hgf ubf{ lgxTyf kz'sf] Hofg hf]lug] atfP . sfo{qmddf kl/ifb\sf s]lGb|o ;b:o df]xg d's'Gb x'dfufO{, afudtL k|b]z cWoIf an/fd ahufO{, sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cWoIf /fhs'df/ uh'/]n, k|rf/s 3gZofd clwsf/L, ;]jf ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf /]jtL ;fksf]6f, dlxnf ;ldlt cWoIf ;l/tf ;fksf]6f, ag]kf O{sfO{ cWoIf xl/k|;fb k/fh'nL nufotn] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf lhNnfsf ljleGg 7fpxF?af6 ;xefuL /x]sf] lyof] . o'jf kl/ifb\n] ;do ;dodf ljleGg sfo{qmdx?, :jf:Yo lzlj/, /Qmbfg h:tf ;fdflhs sfo{x? ub}{ cfPsf] kl/ifb\sf cWoIf påjk|;fb ltdlN;gfn] hfgsf/L lbP . sfo{qmd >L s[i0f o'jf kl/ifb\ g]kfn lhNnf ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf påjk|;fb ltdlN;gfsf] ;efklTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

kt+hnL of]u sfe|]sf] k'g M tfhuL / :jd"Nof+sg ;DalGw cfwf/e"t tflnd ag]kf÷kt+hln of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf] cfof]hgfdf lhNnf e/ /x]sf gu/ ;ldltx?df /x]sf ljleGg of]u s]Gb|sf of]u lzIfs / lzlIfsfx?sf nflu k'gM tfhuL % lbg] tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ut kf}if @# ut] b]lv kf}if @* ;Dd ;+rfng ePsf] pQm tflnddf !@* hgf of]u lzIfs lzlIfsfx?n] efu lnPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf kt+hln of]u ;ldlt sfe|] / g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 afUdtL k|b]zsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ePsf] :j=d"NofÍg ;DalGw cfwf/e"t tflndsf] k|d'v cltly g]kfn pBf]u afl0fHo dxf;+3sf] pkfWoIf ;'/s[i0f a}Bn]

;ftfsf] /flzkmn ;fKtflxs k~rf·

aemfª;Fu} a}t8L, b}n]v, slknj:t', /f}tx6 / ;Kt/L klg a9L afnljjfx x'g] lhNnfx¿ ePsf] o'PgPkmkLPsf] cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 5 . @)&* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfn] klg To:t} tYof+s b]vfPsf] 5 . cWoogsf cg';f/ lszf]/fj:yfsf] ue{jtL b/ pRr 5 . dlxnfx¿sf] ljjfx ug]{ cf}ift pd]/ !^=% jif{ /x]sf] 5 . afnlaafxn] ubf{ 3/]n' lx+;f / ax'ljjfx w]/} x'g] u/]sf] 5 . afn ljjfx ePsfx¿ dWodf ^! k|ltztsf] dfuL ljjfx, ## k|ltztsf] efuL ljjfx / ^ k|ltztsf] ha/h:tL ljjfx x'g] u/]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . lszf]/Lx¿sf] dflyNnf] sIffx¿df ljBfno 5f]8g] b/ pRr /x]sf] 5 . lszf]/fj:yfsf] ue{jtL x'g] / s'kf]lift / sd tf}nsf] aRrf hGdg] u/]sf] 5 . lszf]/lszf]/Lx¿df of}g tyf k|hgg\ :jf:Yoaf/] Go"g hfgsf/L 5 . afn ljjfx ePsfx¿ dWodf ^! k|ltztsf] dfuL ljjfx, ## k|ltztsf] efuL ljjfx / ^ k|ltztsf] ha/h:tL ljjfx x'g] u/]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . cWoog cg' ; f/ zx/L If] q sf] t' n gfdf u| f dL0f If] q sf dlxnfx¿sf] ;fdfGotof sd pd]/df ljjfx x'g] u/]sf] 5 . u|fdL0f If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{dWo $# k|ltzt / zx/df a:g] dWo @& k|ltzt dlxnfn] !* jif{ gk'Ub} lax] u5{g\ . k|j]lzsf jf ;f] eGbf w]/} k9]sf dlxnfx¿sf] ljjfx ug]{ pd]/ @@ jif{ /x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] ljBfno guPsf dlxnfx¿sf] ljjfx ug]{ pd]/ !& aif{ ePsf] b]lvG5 . cWoogdf s]xL ;do otf pd]/ gk'Ub} lszf]/ lszf]/L efu]/ ljjfx ug]{ / ljleGg lx+;fdf kg]{ qmd klg a9]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #( sf] pkwf/f -%_ n] s'g} klg afnaflnsfnfO{ afn ljjfx, u}/sfg'gL cf];f/k;f/ / ckx/0f ug{ jf aGws /fVg gkfO{g] u/L afnjflnsfsf] xssf] ?kdf :yflkt u/]sf] 5 . ;+3Lo sfg'g adf]lhd b08gLo x'g] u/L k|ltaGw nufPsf] 5 . To:tf] sfo{jf6 kLl8t afnaflnsfnfO{ kL8saf6 sfg'g adf] l hd Ifltk" l t{ kfpg] xssf] ;'lglZrttf ul/Psf] 5 . kl5Nnf] k6s s]xL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg tyf vf/]h ug]{ ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]g, @)&@ n] d'n'sL P]g, @)@) df ePsf] ;+zf]wg u/L ljjfx ug]{ Go"gtd

sljtf

tflndsf] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . k|d'v cltyL a}Bn] cfkm"n] hfg] l;s]sf 1fg ufpF ufpFdf of]u lzIff k'¥ofpg' ;Sg' g} /fd|f] pbfx/0f ag]sf] atfP . tflnddf kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt afUdtL k|b]z k|d'v u|'a]g tf}hn]n] k|lzIf0f lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf kt+hln of]u ;ldlt afUdtL k|b]z ;b:o bdg s'df/ >]i7, ;Nnfxsf/ ;l/tf zfSon] of]u cEof; ;DalGw rrf{ u/]sf lyP . To;}u/L tflnddf ;xefuLx?sf] tkm{af6 gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf es'08]a]zL of]u ;fwgf s]Gb|sL pld{nf >]i7, /fwfs[i0f of]u ;fwgf s]Gb|sf ;+of]hs gGbk|;fb l3ld/]n]

tflndsf] cg'ejaf/] atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf] :jfut dGtJo dlxnf

of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf cg' >]i7n] ug'{ u/]sL lyO{g\ . sfo{qmd ;+rfng dxfdGqLåo df]xg s[i0f >]i7 / sdnf /fhe08f/Ln] u/]sf lyP .

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$ ut] uf]/vsfnL k"hf, & ut] k'qbf PsfbzL .

$–* ut];Dd ;ftf z'e /x]sf] x'Fbf ljBfdf ?lr, z/L/df :j:ytf, Jofkf/ Joj;foaf6 wgnfe x'g]5, (–!) ut];Dd rflxF vr{ j[l4 xf]nf . dGq M ç >L+ >L+ ;j{sfdgfo} >L+ >L+ gdM. $–* ut];Dd dfg ;Ddfg k|flKt, aGw'afGwjaf6 ;xof]u k|flKt, cw'/f sfo{ ;xh} ;kmn x'g]5, clGtd b'O{ lbg rflxF em}emu8f ;fy} lrQdf r+rntf cfpnf . dGq M ç ;fDa;bf lzjfo gd M . $–* ut];Dd df+ulns sfo{df ;xeflutf, hflu/df k|df]zg k|flkt, ;do cfkm\gf] cg's"ndf x'Fbf sfo{ l;l4 /xnf, (–!) ut] rflxF rf]6k6ssf] eo /x]sf] 5 . dGqM ç /+ /f]ud'Qmo km6\ M.

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ds/

cfh ;do gsf/fTds /x]sf] x'Fbf k]6df ljsf/ cfpg'sf] ;fy} b':jKg bz{g xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf nfdf] ofqf of]u, zq' efj ldqdf kl/0ft ;fy} ldi7fGg ef]hg k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç u+ u0fkto gd M .

cfh zq' j[l4 x'gfn] dg lvGg /xnf, afFsL lbg pkxf/ cflb j:t' k|flKt, af]nLsf] k|efj a9\gfn] sfo{df ;kmntf, bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt ;fy} a}+s Jofn]G; j[l4 x'g]5 . dGq M ç lg+ lglvn+ lg+ ç M. cfh ;do ljk/Lt x'Fbf d[To't'No si6 cfOknf{, afFsL lbgdf u'?ju{af6 ;'v k|flKt, sfo{df ;kmntf, lg/f]lutf k|flKt ;fy} pkxf/ k|flKt x'g]5 . dGq M ç gju|xEof] gdM.

;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'g]5, ldy'g %–^ ut] cfh cfkmGt;Fu j}/efj j[l4 ;fy}

lgb|fdf c;'ljwf xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf dfg P]Zjo{ j[l4 ;fy} cWoog cWofkgdf ?lr a9\nf . dGq M P]+ x|L+ P]+ ;/:jTo} gdM. cfh wg cfudgsf] gofF gofF t'nf af6f] j[l4 xf]nf, %–^ ut];Dd rf]6k6ssf] eo, dfgdf cfFr cfpng ;Snf, afFsL lbg ldi7fGg ef]hg k|flKt ;fy} ldq ;'v ldNg]5 . dGq M ç u'?b]jfo gd M. % / ^ ut] /f]u j[l4sf] ;fy} s'De dfgl;s lrGtf ;xg'knf{, afFsL lbgdf ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|flKt, OlR5t sfo{df k"0f{tf ;fy} efUof]bosf] ;do /x]sf] 5 . dGq M ç a6's e}/jfo x|L+ ç .

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

;ftfsf] dWo &–* ut];Dd ss{6 ;dfhdf ckdfgsf] eo /x]s]f x'Fbf ;ts{

/xg'xf]nf, afFsL lbgdf cfsl:ds wgnfe, df]6f] wg/fzL k|flKt, ;fy} kfl/jf/Ls ;'v k|flKt x'g]5 . dGq M ç e+ e+ e}/jfo gdMç Sn]z lgzfo SnL+ gdM. $–^ ut];Dd k"/} /fHoaf6 ;'f j[lZrs k|flKt, ;Gtfgaf6 ;xof]usf] ck]Iff /fVg ;lsG5, &–* ut] ;Dd em'6f cf/f]k cfpnf, (–!) ut] dg k|zGg /xnf . dGq Mç qmL+ qmL+ qmL+ ç .

k"/} ;ftf z'e /x]sf] x'Fbf

dLg df+ulns sfo{df ;xeflutf, hflu/df ;Ddfg k|flKt, ;do cfkm\gf] cg's"ndf x'Fbf dg k|zGg klg /xnf . dGq M qmL+ qmL+ qmL+ ç .

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ #) c+s !! @)*) df3 $ ut] ljxLjf/

t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SoFDk;

l8lehg jg sfof{no sfe|]sf] ;"rgf

egf{ v'Nof] Ûegf{ v'Nof] ÛÛ

k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)*).!).$ o; sfof{nosf] rfn' cf=j= @)*).)*! sf] l:js[t jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf zx/L jg sfo{qmd cGtu{t j9Ldf % dlxgfsf nfuL kfFrvfn, gdf]j'4 / vf]kf;L Sni6/df sfd ug{ !) -bz_ hgf xl/t :jo+;]js cfjZos ePsf]]n] ;]jf s/f/ -JolQm_ dfkm{t tf]lsPsf] If]qdf a;f]jf; ug]{ of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx?n] of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] & -;ft_ lbg leq kfFrvfn, gdf]a'4 / vf]kf;L ;j l8lehg jg sfof{noaf6 gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq b]vfO{ b/vf:t kmf/fd k|fKt u/L cfjZos sfuhft laj/0f ;+nUg u/L ;DjGwLt ;=l8=j=sf=df lgj]bg÷b/vf:t lbg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzg ul/Psf] 5 .

kgf}tL, sfe|]knf~rf]s

ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]u (UGC) af6 u'0f:t/sf] QAA k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf] sfe|] lhNnfsf] pTs[i6 z}lIfs ;+:yfdf z}lIfs ;q @)*).)*! sf] nflu :gfts (Bachelor) tx / :gftsf]Q/ tx (Master Degree) sf sIffx?df egf{ v'Nof] . :gftsf]Q/ tx

lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nfuL l8lehg jg sfof{nosf] kmf]g g+= )!!,$()!&%, ;'rgf clwsf/Lsf] (&^@*****^, kfFrvfn ;=l8=j=sf sf] (*%!@&##(#, vf]kf;L ;=l8=j=sf=sf] (*%!@&##(@ / gdf]a'4 ;=l8=j=sf=sf] (*%!@&##*( df ;Dk{s ug'{ xf]nf .

MBS & M.Ed. $ jif{] :gfts tx k|yd jif{ sIff

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P]lR5s g]kfnL, ul0ft, cFu|]hL, hg;+Vof

B.A.

Sociology & Rural Development

B.B.S.

n]vf kmfO{gfG;

SofDK; k|d'v

kmf]g g+= )!!–$$))@*, (*$!$#!))!, (*$!#))*)*

s[i0f k|;fb c:ktfn rf/bf]af6f], ag]kf

;:tf] / e/kbf{] pkrf/sf] nflu xfd|f ;]jfx? M 48fS6/ pknAw ljxfg & ah]b]lv a]n'sf & ah];Dd .

48fS6/ e'if0f >]i7 ljxfg !! ah]b]lv lbpF;f] @ ah];Dd .

4:qL /f]u ljz]if1 lbpF;f] !@ ah]b]lv ! ah];Dd .

4xf8 hf]gL{ ljz]if1 lbpF;f] !@ ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4afn/f]u ljz]if1 x/]s lbg a]n'sf % ah] / zlgjf/ ljxfg !) ah]b]lv % ah];Dd .

4gfs sfg 3fF6L lbpF;f] ! ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4dfgl;s /f]u ljz]if1 dlxgfsf] bf]>f] zlgjf/ lbpF;f] @ ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd .

4lel8of] PS; /] (Ultra Sound) ljxfg !!M#) ah]b]lv lbpF;f] $ ah] ;Dd .

4lgMz'Ns ;'u/ hfFr x/]s dlxgfsf] ! ut] .

h{g x/]s lbg ;

;]jf

:qL/f]u ljz]if1 ;]jf k|To]s lbg

v'Ng] ;do M ljxfg & b]lv a]n'sf & ah];Dd

Fr x/]s gf]6 M lgMz'Ns ;'u/ hf/Psf] 5 ul ? ;' ] ut dlxgfsf] !

;Dks{ )!!–^^$##@, (*$)@^!!%^, (*)#%%&$*(@

r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .