Year 28 issue 11

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

k|fO{d Pkm Pd !@ jif{df @*cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @* c+s !! @)&* kf}if @@ ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 6 Jan 2022) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$@, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h !@ www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

ag] k f÷sfe| ] a f6 k| z f/0f eO/x]sf] k|fOd PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{ c+u|]hL ;Djt @)@@ sf] k|j]z ;Fu} !! cf} jif{ k'/f u/L !@ cf} aif{df k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] nf]slk|o PkmPdn] >f]tfsf] dg lhTg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . !! cf} jif{ k|j]zsf] cj;/df PkmPdn] ljleGg gful/sx?nfO{ ;'ljwf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . b'O{ jif{ cl3 PkmPdn] ! afFsL @ k]hdf

‘zlQm’ k|bz{gdf Pdfn] lhNnfsf] @) jif{] ljsf;sf] vfsf tof/ a]x'nL em} /l·of] w'lnv]n, xf]6nx?df @% k|ltzt 5'6, w'lnv]nsf ;a} ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] :jfut – xfO{6]s z}nLdf clwa]zg – ljB'lQo ef]l6Ë d]lzg – !$)) k|ltlglw rog -$) k|ltzt dlxnf, !% k|ltzt pTkLl8t ;d'bfosf] k|ltlglwTj_ – !#% j6} j8fdf hgkl/rfng, @@ xhf/ ;+ul7t ;b:o – !)% ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L

ljsf; / ;d[4Lsf] vfsf to u/]sf] lyof] . b]ze/ Ps} k6s clwa]zgsf] pb\3f6g ug{] u/L tof/L u/]sf] Pdfn]sf] clwa]zgdf cWoIf cf]nL w'lnv]n cfpg nfUg' ePsf] xf] . b]ze/s} clwa]zgsf] pb\3f6g cWoIf cf]nLn] Ps} k6s ug{' x'g]5 . Pdfn] sfe|]n] pQm clwa]zgdf em08} #) xhf/ hg;d'bfo ;xeflu u/fpg] cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

To;sf nflu cfjZos tof/L eO{/x]sf] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . hgkl/rfng / ;xeflutfsf nflu ! ;o #% j6} j8f sld6L, !# j6f kflnsf / hgjlu{o ;+u7gx? s[oflzn 5g\ . Pdfn] sfe|]n] ;xeflux?n] ;+:s[lt emNsg] e]ife'iff ;lxtsf] klx/g / afhfufhf ;lxt cnu–cnu :yfgaf6 h' n ' ; x? lgl:sP/ clwa]zgsf] pb\3f6g ;efdf kl/0ft x'g]5 . clwa]zgnfO{ eAo / ;Eo agfpg ljleGg pk ;ldltx? ;lqmo ePsf 5g\ . @# xhf/ ;+ul7t ;b:ox?nfO{ ;d]t sfo{qmddf ;xeflu u/fpg] u/L Pdfn]n] tof/LnfO{ clGtd ?k lbPsf] 5 .

nflu !$ ;o k|ltlglw rog ePsf 5g\ . ! ;o #% j6} j8f sld6L, kflnsf / ljleGg hgjlu{o ;+u7gaf6 lglj{/f]w k|ltlglw rog ePsf x'g\ . of] k6ssf] clwa]zgdf Pdfn]n] ;dfj]zL 9+uaf6 $) k|ltzt dlxnf k|ltlglw ;xeflu u/fPsf] 5 eg] plTkl8t ;d'bfoaf6 em08} # ;o k|ltlglw ;xeflu u/fPsf] 5 . ;xeflu k|ltlglwx?sf] cgnfO{g kmf/fd el/Psf] 5 . cgnfO{gdf el/Psf kmf/fdaf6 sf]l8Ësf cfwf/df ef]l6Ë d]lzgdf dtbfg ug{ kfO{g] Aoj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 .

!)% ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]df ! ;o % ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6L lgjf{lrt

ug{]5 . lhNnf clwa]zgn] cWoIf, pkfWoIf, ;lrj / pk ;lrj b'O{ hgf lgjf{lrt ug{]5 . ljBfgn] tf]s]sf] Aoj:yf cg';f/ sfe|]sf kbflwsf/L ;lxt ! ;o % hgfsf] sld6L lgjf{lrt x'g]5 . h;df dlxnf, blnt, plTkl8t, e'uf]n / v'Nnf If]q ;dfj]z x'g]5 .

xf]6nx?df @% k|ltzt 5'6 ;fdflhs ;:+yfx?sf] PS]oj4tf

Pdfn] clwa]zg cjwLe/ w'lnv]ndf /x]sf ;fgf 7'nf u/L ! ;o xf]6nx?n] vfgf tyf a:gsf nflu @% k|ltzt 5'6 ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . If]lqo xf]6n ;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf k|]ds07 dfsh', ;lrj afFsL @ k]hdf

ljB'tLo ef]l6ª d]lzg

df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n lhNnfsf] / d'n'ss} 7'nf] bn g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]n] ef]nL z'qmaf/ kf}if @# ut] w'lnv]n ;b/d'sfd l:yt v]ns'b d}bfg /+uzfnfdf zlQm k|b{zg ub{}5 . w'lnv]n a]x'nL em} l;+ufl/Psf] 5 . clwa]zgsf cj;/df w'lnv]ndf /x]sf ;a} xf]6nx?n] @% k|ltzt 5'6sf] lg0f{o u/]sf 5g\ eg] clwa]zgsf nflu w'lnv]ndf /x]sf ;a} ;+3;+:yfx?sf]

:jfut tyf z'esfdgf / P]Soj4tf /x]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf !# j6} kflnsf / ! ;o #% j6} j8fsf cnfjf /fhwfgLdf a;f]af; ul//x]sf Pdfn]sf z'elrGts, sfo{stf{ / g]tfx?sf] ;xeflutf /xg] clwa]zgsf] pb\3f6g ;qdf Pdfn] cWoIf Pj+ k'j{ k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLsf] ;xeflutf /xg]5 . clwa]zgn] zzQm g]t[Tj;Fu} lhNnfsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] @) jif{] vfsf tof/ ug{]5 . 5}6f} lhNnf clwa]zgn] to u/]sf] lhNnfsf] vfsf cg';f/ clxn] sfe|]df ljsf; lgdf{0f

eO{/x]sf] 5 . …;Qfdf x'Fbf cfkm'n] to u/]sf] vfsf sfof{Gjog ug{] / ;Qf aflx/ /xF b f ;/sf/nfO{ vfsf sfof{Gjog ug{ bafa lbg] u/]sf 5f}+Ú–Pdfn] sfe|]sf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h' n ] eGg' e of] – …5} 6 f} lhNnf clwa]zgn] to u/]sf Ph]08f clxn] sfof{Gjog eO{/x]sf] 5 . :yfgLo, k|b]z / ;+3 ;/sf/n] ltg} of]hgfdf ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul//x]sf 5g\ .Ú k'j{ dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] g]t[Tjdf ePsf] clwa]zgn] lhNnfd} klxnf] k6s kf6L{sf] clwa]zgdf lhNnfsf] ;du|

g] s kf Pdfn] sfe| ] n ] clwa]zgdf k|ljlwsf] pRr k|of]u ug{] ePsf] 5 . clwa]zgsf] pb\3f6g ;efdf cfs{ifs d~r / d~rdf ePsf] >Jo b[Zosf ;fdfu|L rf/} lt/af6 x]g{ ldNg] u/L l:qmgx?sf] Aoj:yfkg u/]sf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo dxflwa]zgs} emNsf] lbg] u/L d~r tyf clwa]zgsf] aGb ;qdf ef]l6Ë d]lzgsf] k|of]u ul/g] ePsf] 5 . lrtjgdf d~r / O{n]lS6«s ef]l6Ë d]lzg h8fg ug{] l6d g} w'lnv]nsf nflu 5gf}6 ul/Psf] 5 . Ps} k6s #% hgfn] dtbfg ug{ ldNg] u/L d]lzgx? h8fg ul/Psf] 5 .

!$ ;o k|ltlglw

Pdfn] sfe|]sf] clwa]zgsf

ag]kf zfvf, sfe|] kmf]g g+= )!!–^^)&&*, )!!–^^))&*, (*%!@@%*!$

@

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = =

kz'kfngdf cg'bfg s[ifsnfO{ ;xhtf ;/sf/n] d'n'snfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg s[lif / kz'kfng If]qdf u/]sf] nufgL b'?kof]u x'g] lrGtf ylkPsf] 5. ;x'lnot shf{ xf];\ jf ;x'lnot d"Nodf pknAw u/fO{Psf k|ljlwx?sf] b'?kof]u /f]Sg :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;lqmo x'g' cfjZos 5. :yfgLo txn] klg To:tf ;fdfu|L jf cg'bfgsf] b'?kof]u /f]Sg' eGbf klg a]jf:tf u/]sf] cj:yf 5. dtbftf efFl8g] 8/df :yfgLo txdf hgk|ltlglwx?n] b'?kof]u /f]Sg kxn u/]sf 5}gg\. /fHon] k|bfg u/]sf] nufgLnfO{ s]lx jif{ ;Dd k|of]u ug{] / pb]Zo k'/f eP kl5 bL3{sflng ?kdf cl3 ga9fpg] u/]sf] kfO{G5. o;nfO{ /f]Sg cg'bfg pknAw u/fO{Psf If]q jf AolQmx?sf] lg/Gt/ cg'udg / b'?kof]u ug{]nfO{ sf/jfxL ug{' k5{. To;f] x'g ;s] dfq} /fHosf] nufgL ;lx :yfgdf ;b'kof]u x'g ;S5. sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf dfq} Ps jif{df /fHosf] ;x'lnot b/sf] C0f em08} ^ s/f]8 k|fKt u/]sf 5g\. kz'kfngsf nflu dfq} lnPsf] pQm C0fsf] cg'kft w]/} xf]. s[lifsf nflu lnPsf] cg'bfgsf] /sdsf] c+s cem w]/} 5. kz'kfngsf nflu (!

Kfz'kfns s[ifsx?n] ;x'lnot Jofh b/df ^ s/f]8 (^ nfv C0f k|fKt u/]sf 5g\. pQm C0fdf !& j6f ufO{, #% j6f e}+;L, % ;o * afv|f, @* xhf/ @ j6f s'v'/f / ! ;o &* a+u'/ vl/b u/L kz'kfns s[ifsx? nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\. lhNnf e/L !$ s/f]8 !^ xhf/sf] kz' aLdf u/LPsf] 5. h;af6 # xhf/ $ ;o #( ufO{, @ xhf/ @$ e}+;L, # xhf/ $ ;o @^ afv|f, ! nfv ^% xhf/ * ;o && s'v'/f / @ ;o %^ a+u'/sf] hf]lvd axg ePsf] 5. ut cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf kz'kfns s[ifsx?n] kz' aLdf u/]/ Ifltk"lt{ afkt ! s/f]8 ^& xhf/ & ;o k|fKt u/L kz'kfng Joj;fonfO{ ;'/lIft ePsf] dx;'; ePsf] 5. w]/} s[ifsx?n] cfkm' v'\zL kz'kfng ul//x]sf 5g\. kz'kfngdf eGbf w]/} nufgL s[lifdf ePsf] 5. cfly{s jif{ cyf{t @)&&÷)&* c;f/ d;fGt;Dd lhNnfdf s[lqd uef{wfg ;]jf lj:tf/ u/L @$ xhf/ ^ ;o %% ufO{, $ xhf/ ^ ;o *( e}+;L / @ ;o %% j6f afv|f u/L @( xhf/ ^ ;o * kz'x?df s[lqd uef{wfg ;]jf ;~rfng u/L * xhf/ ^ ;o #) afR5L / ! xhf/ @ ;o () kf8L pTkfbg eO{ ! nfv () xhf/ ln6/ yk b'w pTkfbg a[l4 ul/Psf] 5. b'w pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t cg'bfg sfo{s|d cGtu{t lhNnfdf s[ifsx?n] #! Jf6f b'w pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ! s/f]8 @& nfv #* xhf/ ( ;o #$ ln6/ b'w laqmL u/] jfkt k|lt ln6/ @ ?k}ofFsf b/n] @ s/f]8 %$ nfv && xhf/ * ;o ^* /sd k|fKt u/L nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\. lhNnfdf Kf|wfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lgsLs/0f kl/of]hgf cGtu{t kgf}tLsf] j8f gDj/ !,@,# / !@ df e}+;L Ans ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+rfng eO{ @ ;o $^ 3/kl/jf/ nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\. rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpkflnsf j8f gDj/ & dfbgs'8f/Ldf afv|f Ans ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+Rffngaf6 @ ;o @% 3/kl/jf/ nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\. ;fgf ls;fg, Jofj;flos kmfd{ / b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ %) k|ltzt cg'bfgdf %) yfg df]6/ ;lxtsf] Rofkms6/, !) yfg sDjfOG8 lkm8 ldn pknAw u/fP/ kz'sf] nfuL cfxf/f Joj:yfkgdf ;xh u/fO{Psf] 5. b'w laqmL / 9'jfgLdf ;xhtfsf] nfuL @ ;o ! Yffg ldNs Sofg pknAw u/fO{Psf] 5. h;af6 @ ;o ^! Kfz'kfns ls;fgx? nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\. $ x]S6/ afFemf] hUufdf 3fF; v]tLsf] lj:tf/ ePsf], $ j6f 3fF;sf] g;{/L :yfkgf ul/Psf], % x]S6/ hUufdf lxpFb], aif]{ / ax'jif]{ 3fF; v]tLsf] lj:tf/ ePsf], xfO8«f]kf]lgs k|ljlwsf] ljsfz u/L afx|} dlxgf xl/of] 3fF; pTkfbg u/L kz'kfns s[ifsx?n] zx/L If]qdf !)–!@ j6f ufO{e}+;L ;lhn};Fu kfNg ;Sg] k|ljlwsf] ljsfz ePsf] 5.

zlQm k|bz{g======= Hof]T;gf ;}hF'n] w'lnv]nsf ;a} xf] 6 nx?df clwa] z g cjwLe/ xf]6nsf ;a} ;]jf ;''ljwfdf 5'6 ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . w'lnv]ndf x'g] clwa]zgsf nflu sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt 8f= ef]nf yfkf, k'j{ pks'nklt 8f= ;'/]z/fh zdf{, 8f= /fds07 dfsh' >]i7, k'j{ gu/ k|d'v a] n k| ; fb >] i 7, ;+ : s[ t ljb tyf O{ltxf;ljb 1fgsfhL dfgGw/, al/i7 ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfn, ;flxTosf/ ;'o{k|;fb nfsf]h', ljleGg If]qdf s[oflzn AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf lbPsf 5g\ eg] w'lnv]ndf /x]sf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] clwa]zgdf P]Soj4tf hgfPsf 5g\ .

w'lnv]nsf] cnUu} tof/L

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf] !) cf} lhNnf clwa]zgsf] k'j{ tof/L :j?k :yfgLo sld6Lx?n] e]nf, 5nkmn tyf cGt{lqmof ;lxt pk ;ldltx?n] cfjZos tof/L wdfwd ul//x]sf 5g\ . z'qmaf/ clwa]zg cfof]hgf x'g] gu/ w'lnv]nn] cfjZosLo k'j{ tof/L :j?k lj:tf/Lt a}7s / e]nf cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf :yfgLo sld6Lsf kbflwsf/Lx? tyf ljleGg txsf g]tfx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . e]nfdf k|b]z sld6L ;b:o ljdnf zdf{, lhNnf sld6L ;lrjfno ;b:o /fhg e't{]n, s~rg clwsf/L, lhNnf sld6L ;b:ox? s]zj a8fn, tf/f a:g]t, ljgf]b k/fh'nL, gu/ sld6L cWoIf bof/fd dxt nufotn] w'lnv]n gu/ sld6Ln] clwa]zg ;DkGg ug{ ug{' kg{] Aoj:yfkls ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . w'lnv]nn] vfgf, d~r nufotsf] Aoj:yfksLo lhDd]jf/L k|fKt

g]kfnL sf“u|];sf ems]{nf kf6L{x¿ g]kfnL ;dfhdf sd} dfq k|of]u x'g] zAb xf] æems]{nf]Æ . ;fob of] zAb cfhsnsf :s'n] afnjflnsfx¿n] of] zAb ;'g]sf 5g jf 5}gg cyjf g]kfnL efiff lzIfsn] of] zJb k|of]u u/]/ cfˆgf laWofyL{x¿nfO{ a'‰g] ul/ cy{\ofO lbPsf 5g ls 5}gg Tof] d}n] gLl/If0f ug{ EofPsf] 5}g . oBlk of] ems]{nf] zAb cfheGbf rf/ bzs cl3;Dd lgSs} rrf{df /x]sf] lyof]. h] xf]; cfhef]nL w]/} h;f] jfnjflnsfx¿ ;/sf/L;fj{hlgs_ ljBfnodf eGbf klg gLlh cfjfzLo ljWofnox¿df cWoog ug]{ ePsfn] klg of] ems]{nf] zAb Tolt k|of]u gePsf] x'g ;S5 lsgeg] lglh cjfzLo ljBfnox¿df c+u|]hL efiffnfO{ a9L k|fyldstf lbPsf] x'gfn] klg o:tf zJbx¿sf] sd} dfq k|of]u ePsf] x'g;S5 . o;f] t cfhef]nL sf]xL s;}n] cfˆgf afnaRrfx¿ ;lxt bf];|f] nf]Ug];Fu uPklg of] ems]{nf emls{nL zAbsf] k|of]u Tolt k|of]u ePsf] kfOGg cyf{t x'g 5f]8]sf] 5 . ;fob of] ems]{nf] zAbsf] k|of]u u/]/ sf]xL lgbf]{if ;GtfgnfO{ lsg ckdfg ug]{ eg]/ klg x'g;S5 of] zJbsf] k|of]u g]kfnL ;dfhdf sd x'Fb} ufPsf]5 eGbf cTo'QmL gxf]nf . dfkm ug{'xf]; ls g]kfnL efiff zJbsf]ifdf æems]{nf]Æ nfO{ s] s;/L kl/eflift ul/Psf]5 Tof] x]g]{ e'‰g] ;do /x]g . t/ d}n] hfg] a'em] cg';f/ eGg] xf] eg] ems]{nf] eGgfn] s'g} lajflxt dlxnfn] klxnf] nf]Ug]af6 hGdfPsf] 5f]/f jf 5f]/LnfO{ cfˆgf] ;fydf lnP/ bf];|f] nf]Ug]sf ;fydf lnP/ uof] eg] pQm bf];|f] nf]Ug]sf] tkm{af6 aGg hfg] NofOt] 5f]/f 5f]/L jf >LdtLsf] ;fydf cfPsf ;GtfgnfO{ æems]{nf]Æ ;Gtfg eGg] rng 5 . To;}n] olx cy{n] klg xf]nf sf]xL s;}n] s;}sf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ cln dfof u/]g, vfgkfgdf cln lje]b u¥of] eg] To:tf kIfkft o'Qm Jojxf/ ug]{ afa" cfdfk|tL OlËt u/]/ elgG5 ls x]/ t ltldnfO{ æems]{nf]Æ ;Gtfgsf] Jojxf/ u/] cflb OTofbL . t/ oxfF rrf{ ug{ vf]lhPsf] laifo a:t' 7\ofSs} ems]{nf] ;Gtfg jf s;}sf NofOt] 5f]/f5f]/L geP klg o:t} rl/q / Aojxf/;+u ldNbf] h'Nbf] /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] af/]df rrf{ ug{ u} /x]sf] 5' . h'g dflg;sf] Pp6f a]Un} ;GtfgnfO{ h] h;/L x]g]{ ul/P klg jf Aojxf/df hlt km/s kl/jf/sf] b[li6n] x]l/P klg oxfFrrf{ ug{ vf]lhPsf] /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] dg;fo / Jojxf/ eg] l7s o;sf] pN6f] /x]sf] b]Vg kfOG5 . oxF pNn]v ug{ vf]lhPsf] ems]{nf] kf6L{x¿ xf] g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]G› / g]skf -P;_ . h'g kf6L{x¿n] cfˆgf] kf6L{sf] klxrfg of kf6L{sf] k"/} cl:tTj ;dfKt x'g] ul/ g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] ems]{nf] 5f]/f-kf6L{_x¿ aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . o;f] eGbf of] :tDesf/ n]vsn] s] n]v]sf x'g eGg a]/ nfUg] 5}g.d}n] oxfF lsg oL b'O{ kf6L{nfO{ g]sfsf] ems]{nf] kf6L{sf] ;+1f lbg k'u]sf] xf] eg] g]kfnL sfFu|]; / g]kfnL sDo'lgi6x¿sf] larf/,l;2fGt g} r'Dassf] b'O{ „'j h:t} l7s pN6f] /x]sf] x'g5. sDo'lgi6 larf/ l;bfGt dfS;{jfb, n]lggjfbdf cfwfl/t 5.of] bz{g / l;4fGt cg';f/ o;sf] clGtd nIo eg]sf] g} ;fDojfb xf] . ;fDojfbsf] k"0f{ cy{ jf pb]Zo g} s'g} Ps b]zdf dfq ge} laZjdf g} au{ lalxg ;dfhsf] :yfkgf ug{'df /xG5. hxfF cfly{s,;fdflhs dfq ge} hftLo / n}Flus ;dfgtfsf] ;d]t dxTj /fVb5 . s'g}klg AolQmn] c? s'g}klg AolQmnfO{ s'g} klg cy{ / axfgfdf lyrf]ldrf] of >d zf]if0f, n}Flus zf]if0f of hftLo zf]if0f ug{ kfpg] 5}g . ;a}sf nflu >d clgjfo{ x'G5 . czQm, ckfË a[4x¿sf] nflu cfb/, ;Ddfg of

u/]sf] 5 . ;f]lx lhDd]jf/L ;lxt hg;xeflutf / hgkl/rfng ug{ lj:tf/Lt a}7s cfof]hgf ul/Psf] gu/ sld6L ;lrj lji0f' sfe|]nLn] atfpg' eof] . e]nfdf k|To]s j8faf6 hg;xeflutf ;lxt clwa]zgdf ;lqmo ;xeflutf hgfpg cfkm\gf] cfkm\gf] :t/af6 ;lqmo /xg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

Pdfn] sfe|]sf] clwa]zg kf}if @# ut] z'qmaf/ w'lnv]ndf x'g]5 . cWoIf Pj+ k'j{ k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] clwa]zgsf] pb\3f6g ug{' x'g]5 . clwa]zgsf nflu lhNnfsf ;a} j8f sld6L tyf hgjlu{o ;+u7gaf6 !# ;o %) k|ltlglw rog eO{;s]sf 5g\ . pk ;ldltx?n] lhDd]jf/L cg';f/ sfo{ ul//x]sf] cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . of] k6ssf] clwa]zg P]ltxfl;s / Pstfsf] x'g] ePsfn] Pdfn]n] zlQm k|b{zgnfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . lj:tfl/t a}7sx? kflnsf / j8f :t/d} eO{/x]sf 5g\ eg] hgjlu{o ;+u7gx? klg ;lqmo ePsf 5g\ .

k|fO{d=============

g]skf Pdfn] ag]kf gu/ sld6Lsf] lj:tfl/t a}7s g]skf Pdfn]sf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf k'j{ dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . af:sf]6fn] Pdfn]sf] cf;Gg !) cf} clwa]zg ;Eo / eJo agfpg !# j6} :yfgLo txsf kf6L{sf z'elrGts e'ldsf /xg] atfpg' eof] . cfufdL lgjf{rgdf Pdfn]af6 km'6]/ hfg] kf6L{nfO{ lznf vf]Hg' kg{] atfpg' eof] . g]skf Pdfn] cfufdL lgjf{rdfg ;d]t klxnf] kf6L{ x'g] ePsfn] c? kf6L{n] Pdfn] ;Fu w]/} hf]/L gv]Ng r]tfjgL lbg' eof] . @)$& ;fn b]vL sfu+|];sf] ;/sf/ ag]sf] eP klg sfe|]df ljsf; gu/]sf] af:sf]6fn] atfpg' eof] . a}7ssf ljz]if cltyL

;o jf6af6 ! xhf/ jf6sf] Ifdtf lj:tf/ u/]sf] lyof] . lhNnfsf] klxnf] /]l8of] k|fO{dn] ! xhf/ jf6 Ifdtfsf] cg'dlt k|fKt u/L ;+rfngdf NofPsf] lyof] . ljqmd ;+jt @)^& ;fn k'; !& ut] b]lv k|fOd PkmPdn] cfkm\gf] cf}krfl/s k|zf/0f ;'? u/]sf] lyof] .

To; eGbf cl3 /]8of] gofF ;Gb]zaf6 pQm Pkm Pd ;+rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] lyof] . lhNnfdf ;~rf/ If]qdf nfdf] ;dob]lv lqmoflzn JolQmx?sf] ;lqmotfdf k|fOd PkmPd :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . PkmPdsf cWoIf czf]s Jof~h'n] k|fOd PkmPdnfO{ k|b]z:t/Lo /]l8of]sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ of]hgf cg'?k Ifdtf lj:tf/ u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . Ifdtf lj:tf/ kl5 PkmPdn] k|b]z:t/Lo sfo{qmdx? z'?jft ul/Psf] cWoIf

ag]kfdf kf6L{ k|j]z

jif{ @* c+s !! @)&* kf}if @@ ut] ljxLjf/

tyf g]skf Pdfn]sf lhNnf cWoIf tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aofof~h'n] cfufdL clwa]zgdf %) xhf/ sfo{stf{ ;xeflu x'g] jtfpg' eof] . xfdLn] 3/ 3/d} r'Nxf] lgDtf] afF8]sfn] zlQm k|b{zg ug{] atfpg' eof] . cfufdL clwa]zgaf6 gofF g]t[Tj rog kl5 kf6L{ yk rnfodfg x'g] / cfufdL lgjf{rgdf klxnf] kf6L{ x'g] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf g]skf Pdfn]sf lgj{ t dfg ;+ o f] h s tyf ag] k f gu/kflnsf k|d'v nIdL g/l;+ afb], gu/ cWoIf /Tgs'z /~hLt nufPtn] dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . ;f]lx e]nfdf ljleGg kf6L{ kl/Tofu u/L ! ;o eGbf w]/} Pdfn]df k|j]z u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtAo pkfWoIf gj/fh dfgGw/n] /fVg' ePsf] lyof] eg] ;efkltTj gu/ cWoIf /Tgs'z /~hLtn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

cfhsf] ljrf/ lhPg k|wfg casf] lgs6 jif{df g]skf Pdfn] d'bf{jfb / g]kfnL sfFu|]; lhGbfjfbsf] gf/f k|d'v agfpg k'Ug]5 . o;}n] klg logLx¿nfO{ sDo'lgi6sf] gSsnL n]kg nfu]sf] c3f]lift sf+u|]; x'g eGbf km/s kg]{ 5}g . clxn]s} ultlalwnfO{ x]bf{ :jod\ g]kfnL sfFu|];sf k'/fgf Pp6f hdftnfO{ pl5g]/ xfdL g} vfFtL sfFu|]; xf}F eGg] kf/fn] cl3 a9]sf] b]Vg kfOG5 . dfofsf] clgjfo{tf x'G5 . ha ls g]kfnL sfFu|]; kf6L{ nufot cGo a'h{'jf kf6L{x¿sf] d"n Woo g} cfo cfh{gsf] gfddf cfly{s zf]if0f;+u hf]l8Psf] x'G5 . h;/L xf]; cfkm" / cfˆgf] k/Ljf/ cfly{s ;DkGgtfsf] nflu cl3 a9\g' k5{, h;/L xf]; sdfpF / cfkm" agf}F eGg] g} o;sf] Psdfq p2]Zo /x]sf] x'G5 . o;df klg sDo'lgi6 larf/ l;4fGt cg';f/ ;dfhsf] ;a} kIfsf] ;fd"lxs cfly{s pTyfg ug{'df /x]sf] x'G5 . cfly{s ;dfgtfsf] ;fy} ;fd"lxs ;]jfefj;+u hf]l8Psf] x'G5 . t/ g]sf, /fk|kf h:tf kf6L{x¿ k"FlhjfbL lrGtgsf] k[i7kf]ifs x'gfn] lolgx¿df ;]jfsf] efj uf}0f x'G5 eg] k"Flhsf] hu]gf{df a9L hf]8 /x]sf] x'G5 . of] kf6L{ of au{sf] lrGtgdf cfˆgf ;xf]b/ bfh'efO eGbf a9L dxTj wg jf k"FlhnfO{ g} lbPsf] x'G5.o;sf] cy{ of] klg xf]Og ls sDo'lgi6 ;dfh of ;dfhjfbL ;dfhdf k"Flhsf] cfjZos 5Fb} 5}g eGg vf]lhPsf] klg x}g . /, k"FlhjfbL larf/df nfu]sf AolQmx¿ ;Dk"0f{ g} ;]jfefj gePsf] lgdf]{xL x'G5g / sDo'lgi6 larf/sf ;j} ;]jfd"vL g} x'G5g eGg vf]lhPsf] xf]Og.ckjfbdf oL b'j} kIfdf dfyL pNn]v ul/Psf] larf/ / :jefj eGbf l7s pN6f] Jojxf/ z}nLsf klg /x]sf kfOG5g, 5g\ klg . ;Gbe{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]G›_ / g]skf-P;_ sf] xf] . ha ls g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{-g]skf_ sf] sl/a b'O{ ltxfOsf] ;/sf/ 9fn]/ l;2fGttM sDo'lgi6sf] 7Ls pN6f] larf/ ePsf] kf6L{ g]kfnL sfFu|];nfO{ ;Qfsf] ;fFrf] ;'DkGg g]sf ;efklt z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] 3/df sl/a cfwf bh{g laGtL ug{ k'u] . hGdhft} k"FhLjfbL Aoj:yfsf] cGTosf] nflu slyt hgo'4sf] qmfGtL ug{ k'u]sf g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]G› / cfkm}n] %) ;f}F jif{ nufP/ lgdf{0f u/]sf] cem} eGg] xf] eg] !% jif{;Dd Ps5q kf6L{sf] dxf;lrj e} Pdfn] kf6L{sf] O{ltxf; /fVg k'u]sf dfwj g]kfn

Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . ;fd"bflos /]l8of]nfO{ x]g]{ ;/sf/sf] km/s b[li6, s]Gb|Lo:t/sf lj1fkgdf sd kx'Fr, :yfgLo:t/sf lj1fkgdf c:j:y k| l t:kwf{ nufotsf ;d:ofsf afah' t PkmPdn] nf] s tGqsf] ;Dj4{g, dfgjclwsf/sf] ;+/If0f tyf hgtfsf] ;"rgfsf] xssf] ;Ddfg ub}{ cfkm\gf] k|zf/0fnfO{ cem k|efjsf/L agfpFb} n}hfg] PkmPdsf sfo{qmd k|d'v e'jg /fodfemLn] atfpg' eof] . cfO{ ;fd"bflos ;~rf/ s]Gb|af6 ;~rflnt PkmPdn] cfufdL aif{ d f ;| f ] t fx?sf] dfucg' ; f/ sfo{qmdx? yk ug]{ tyf ;fdflhs If]qdf klg ljljw sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] cWoIf Jof~h'sf] egfO{ 5 .

g]t[Tjsf] g]skf-P;_ kf6L{n] clxn] cfP/ Pdfn]nfO{ ;Qf];/fk ufnL ug{ k'Ug' / g]kfnL sfFu|];nfO{ k/d lxt}ifL dfGg'nfO{ s]g} eg]/ s'g sDo'lgi6sf] pkgfd lbpF, pQ/ hl6n 5.of] cfZro{sf] laifo ag]sf]5 ls s'g} klg ;Rrf sDo'lgi6n] ug]{ sfd ug{ k'u]sf] 5}g o;} cy{n] klg g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] ems]{nf] kf6L{sf] ?kdf of] :tDedf pNn]v ug{ afWo ePsf] 5' . g]skfsf] gfd lnP/ Pdfn]sf] ;"o{ lrGxaf6 lahoL e} l;ªf] g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] d"nzq', ;}4flGts ?kdf d"Vo k|lt:kwL{ g]kfnL sfFu|];nfO{ glhssf] ldq zlQm dfGg k'Ug] oL h:tf sDo'lgi6x¿nfO{ sfFu|];sf] ems]{nf] kf6L{ geg]/ s] eGg]< g]skfsf] clxn];Dds} b:tfj]hdf g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 qmflGtsf] d"n zq' blIf0fkGyL /fh gLlts bn g]kfnL sfuF|]; / k/Dk/fjfbL /fh ;+:yf lgs6sf] ?kdf lrlgg] jt{dfg /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{nfO{ lnO{bF} cfPsf] 5 tfklg olx b]zdf /x]sf g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]G› _ / xfn}dfq Pdfn]af6 rf]Ol6P/ aGg÷agfpg k'u]sf] dfwj g]kfn pkm{ dfs'g] g]t[Tjsf] g]skf-P;_ kf6L{sf] nflu Pdfn] ;aeGbf 7"nf] b'id0f / g]kfnL sfuF|]; ;aeGbf glhssf] ldq aGg k'u]sf]5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu s]G›sf] ;+3Lo ;/sf/ s]lk cf]nL g]t[Tjsf] sDo'lgi6 ;/sf/ nufot k|fb]lzs ;/sf/x¿ ;d]tdf u7aGwg gfds ;/sf/ agfpg k'Ug'nfO{ cjklg s;/L sDo'lgi6 eGg ;'xfp5F < s] logLx¿;uF clnstL dfq klg u'0f afs F L 5 eGg] s'/fdf ;j}sf nflu lh1f;fsf] laifo ag]sf]5, sf}t'xntf plAhPsf]5.clg lolgx¿sf] b:tfj]hdf s'g kf6L{nfO{ alu{o ?kdf d"n zq' pNn]v u5{g eGg] laifodf klg ;Dk"0f{ afd larf/s jf ;dy{s hgtfx¿ lgSs} rf;f]sf ;fy x]l//x]sf] kfOG5. olt;Dd ls cfufdL lgjf{rgdf Pdfn]sf] kQf;fkm ug]{ lemË] km'lt{sf aLr cfufdL lgjf{rg ;Dd g} of] u7aGwg sfod /xG5 eGg k'Ug'af6 klg oL

kf6L{x¿ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ?kdf g/xL sDo'lgi6sf] gSsnL vf]n cf]9]sf g]kfnL sfuF|];sf ems]{nf kf6L{-5f]/f]_ x'g k'u]sf]df ca s;}nfO{ 9f6F\g, 5Sofpg gkg]{ e};s]sf]5.ca lolgx¿nfO{ sDo'lgi6 x'g egL ef]6 lbO{/xg kb}{g.lolgx¿nfO{ ef]6 lbO lhtfpg' / g]kfnL sfuF|];sf] ?v lrGxdf ef]6 lbO{ lhtfpg'df s]xL km/s gx'g] e};s]sf]5.o;sf] k|ToIf k|df0f t g]sf ;efktL z]/ axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ k|d agfO kfpF egL ;af]{Rrdf nfOg nfu]/ ;gfvt ug{ k'Ug', cfˆg} kf6L{sf k| d s]lk cf]nLn] laZjf;sf] dt dfUbf cg'kl:yt x'g', z]/ axfb'/ b]pjfsf] laZjf;sf] dtdf pkl:yt e} ;dy{g hgfpg' ,cfpg] lgjf{rg;Dd g} u7aGwg sfod x'G5 eGg" cflb ojxf/ / egfOx¿af6 :ki6 e};s]sf] 5 ls ca lolgxf¿ nfO{ sDo'lgi6 elg/xg s'g} cfjZos 5}g .sDo'lgi6 eGg] u'0f s'g} afs F L 5}g . hgtf 5Sofpg h'g;'s} lrGx / gf/f lnP/ cfPklg of] lrGx / gf/fsf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt ePsf] 5.lolgx¿nfO{ ef]6 lbg'sf] s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g.lolgx¿ Ps AolQmsf] l/; / kb k|flKtsf] s'07fn] s'g}klg lbg s'g} kf6L{df glaSnf eGg ;lsGg . kf6L{ / cfd dtbftfsf] efjgf / ljZjf;nfO{ laZjf;3ft ug{df s'g} s;/ afs F L /fVg] 5}g.kf6L{ / cfˆgf dtbftf hgtfnfO{ wf]sf lbg] kbd'vL, cj;/jfbL nf]lekflkx¿nfO{ ca lrgfO /xg' kg]{ 5}g . hgtfsf kIfsf kf6L{ / Zjfledfgdf cl8u /xg] g]tfx¿ sf] x'g / s'g kf6L{df 5g lrGg h?/L 5 . cfˆgf] b]zsf] e"–efu lkmtf{ lng] k|of; ubf{ ef/t lrl9G5 egL 8/fpg],hfgfhfgL 6\jLg sf6]/ g]kfnL gful/s dbf{ r'OSFs af]Ng g;Sg] ef/ k/:t AolQmx¿nfO{ lhtfpg', ;/sf/df k7fpg'sf] s] cf}lrTo< b]z lasf;sf] sfo{qmdx¿ NofpbFf 56k§L x'g], hg ;/f]sf/sf laifodf lasf; ug{ vf]Hbf cj/f]w ug]{,k|hftflGqs d"No / dfGotfnfO{ nTofpbF} k/dfb]zsf] andf ;/sf/ agfpg pT;flxt x'g] oL hg la/f]wL, b]z la/f]lwx¿nfO{ km]l/ klg s] cfzfn] lhtfpg nfUg] <of] ;a} k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm vf]Hg cfjZos ePsf]5. ca lolgx¿sf] Pp6} Woo g} a? cfˆgf] kf6L{n] Pp6} ;L6 glht] klg Pdfn]nfO{ x/fpgsf] nflu g]kfnL sfuF|];nfO{ lhtfpgdf dl/xQ]n] nflu kg]{5.o;}df oL ems]{nf]x¿sf] ;fg x'g]5.b]zsf] lasf; / hgtfdf ;'lawf lbgdf eGbf kg klg ;b}j g]kfnnfO{ cl:y/ /fhgLltdf 9s]Ng ;Sg'df 7"nf] kf}/v ;lDemg] 5 . casf] lgs6 jif{df g]skf Pdfn] d'bf{jfb / g]kfnL sfFu|]; lhGbfjfbsf] gf/f k|d'v agfpg k'Ug]5 . o;}n] klg logLx¿nfO{ sDo'lgi6sf] gSsnL n]kg nfu]sf] c3f]lift sf+u|]; x'g eGbf km/s kg]{ 5}g . clxn]s} ultlalwnfO{ x]bf{ :jod\ g]kfnL sfFu|];sf k'/fgf Pp6f hdftnfO{ pl5g]/ xfdL g} vfFtL sfFu|]; xf}F eGg] kf/fn] cl3 a9]sf] b]Vg kfOG5 . t;y{ tyfslyt g]skf - dfcf]jfbL s]G›_ / g]skf P;_ sf] sfFu|];k|ltsf] a9\bf] lxdlrdn] ,z]/ axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ k|dsf] cj;/ k|bfg u/]/ v'zL t'Nofpg ;kmn ePkgL jf:tljs sfFu|];s¿sf] nflu lrGtfsf] laifo aGg k'u]sf]5 . ;f/df eGg' kbf{ ca lolgx?df sDo'lgi6sf] gSsnL cfj/0f jfx]s sDo'lgi6sf] yf]/}dfq klg u'0f / laz]iftf afFsL 5}g eGbf x'G5.lxhf]sf lbgdf Pdfn]sf] ;"o{ lrGxaf6 ef]6 lahoL ag]/ g]sfnfO{ ;Qf / kbsf nflu laqmL ul/G5 eg] ef]ln km]l/ s;nfO{ laqmL ug{ k'Ug] xf] 7]ufg 5}g.clxn]sf] kl/l:yltdf laz]iftM g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] ems]{nf] kf6L{ aGg k'u] klg cfˆgf] / kf6L{sf] Oltxf;sf] Vofn gug]{x¿ ef]ln km]l/ s] eg]/ hgtfsf] cledtnfO{ anft wf]sf lbg] x'g lglZrt 5}g. h] xf]; eljiodf s] S;nfO{ wf]sf b]nfg To;nfO{ lrGtfsf] laifo agfO /xg' Tolt pko'Qm gxf]nf t/ clxNos} cJ:yfnfO{ x]/]/ eGg] xf] eg] lgw{Ss;fy g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] ems]{nf] kf6L{x¿ x'g eGbf s'g} km/s gknf{.

#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @* c+s !! @)&* kf}if @@ ut] ljxLjf/

cg]/f:jljo'sf] @( cf}+ lhNnf clwa]zg cWoIfdf czf]s vgfnsf] g]t[Tj

ag]kf÷g]skf Pdfn] lgs6 cg]/f:jljo'sf] @( cf}+ lhNnf clwa]zg g]skf Pdfn]sf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o Pj+ sfe|] k|ltlglw ;ef lgjf{rg If]q gDj/ @ sf ;f+;b, k"j{ dGqL, Pdfn] sfe|]sf OGrfh{ uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] k|d'v cfltYotf / lhNnf cWoIf uf]ljGb pk|]ltsf]

cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . clwa]zgdf af]Nb} k|d'v cltyL af:sf6]fn] dn ' s ' kl/jtg{sf] ;j+fxs cg/]f:jljon ' fO{ ljBfyLx{?sf] xs clwsf/;uF} dn ' s ' ;dl[4sf] lhDdj]f/L /xs ] f] atfpg' eof] . ljutsf] h:tf] el"dsf / cEof; km/s km/s eP klg ljBfyLx{?

/ljcf]kLdf ;fgf ls;fgsf] gfkmf #% nfv lg/Ghg u]nfnf÷/lj ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] !& cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf pk k|d'v ljdnf zdf{sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . k| d ' v cltyL zdf{ n ] ;xsf/Ln] ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s If]qdf ;xof]u k'u]sf] atfpg' eof] . s[lif ;xsf/Ln] slif If]qdfdf g} nufgL u/L s[ifsf] cfo:t/ psf:gsf nfuL nufgL ug{' kg{] atfpg' eof] . ufFpdf 5l/P/ /x]sf] /sdnfO{ ;s+ng u/L ;b:ox?nfO{ nufgL ug{' g} ;xsf/Lsf] d'Vo nIo x'g' kg{] zdf{n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{ q mddf ;+ : yfsf] cfly{ s aif{ @)&&÷)&* sf] k|lta]bg ;lrj zflns/fd Gof}kfg]n] ;efdf k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;+:yfsf] k|d'v pb]Zo s[lif pkh pTkfbg, ;s+ng / ahf/Ls/0f ePsfn] ;f]lx cg';f/sf] sfo{ ub{} cfPsf] atfpg' eof] . ;xsf/Ln] art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]af/ ;u} s[lif pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf

ahf/Ls/0fsf nfuL hUuf ef8fdf lnO{ t/sf/L pTkfbg sfo{ z'? u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;+:yfdf ;b:ox?nfO{ # k|ltzt b]vL !# k|ltzt ;Dd shf{ nufgL ul/Psf] / s[ifsx?nfO{ kz' k|j{4g sfo{qmd, kz' ljdf, sl[if cf}hf/ ljt/0f u/]sf] cWoIf zflns/fd Gof}kfg]n] atfpg' eof] . ;:+yfsf] zo]/ kh F' L+ ! s/f8] ^ nfv, lgIfk] % s/f8] *( nfv &$ xhf/, shf{ nufgL !! s/f8] @! nfv (@ xhf/, vb' gfkmf #% nfv !) xhf/, jf;nft !# s/f8] #& nfv &@ xhf/ /xs ] f] hgfPsf] 5 . sfoq{mddf :jfut dGtAo pkfWoIf /fdk;|fb uft}dn] /fVg' ePsf] lyof] eg] wl'nvn ] gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ @ sf cWoIf bj]k;|fb sfO]/{fnf, ;l]tba]L bU'w pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yflnsf cWoIf rt'{e'h ltdlN;gf nufPtsf AolQmx?n] ze'sfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfoq{md ;~rfng ;~rfns ;b:o si[0fx/L sfO]/{fnfnn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] ;efkltTj cWoIf zflns/fd Gofk}fgn ] ] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

hghfu[ltsf] @@ cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef cWoIfdf k[YjLdfg tfdfª

w'lnv]n÷hghfu[ltsf] @@ cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef Ps sfo{qmd aLr ut zlgjf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . s]lGb|o t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n ;+3 ln=sf cWoIf ljgf]b k/fh'nLsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtJo ;+:yf ln=sf pkfWoIf w|'j k/fh'nLn] /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf cf=j= @)&&.)&* sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg ;+:yf ln=sf cWoIf /fh' du/n] /fVg'ePsf] lyof] eg] cfly{s k|ltj]bg ;+:yf ln=sf sf]iffWoIf gj/fh k/fh'nL, jflif{s ah]6 gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;+:yf ln=sf ;lrj k[YjLdfg tfdfª tyf n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg n]vf ;ldlt ;+of]hs lji0f'x/L kf}8]nn] /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?, n]vf tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?, ljleGg pk;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx? nufot pNn]Vo dfqfdf z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

To;}u/L pQm ;fwf/0f ;efdf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= * sf j8f

cWoIf lg/fhg h+ud, j8f g+= # sf j8f ;b:o ;~h' tfdfª nufotsf hgk|ltlglwx?sf] ;d]t pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] tkm{af6 ;+uLtf k/fh'nLn] awfO{ Pj+ z'esfdgf dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . zlgjf/ ;DkGg @@ cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;efn] k[YjLdfg tfdfªsf] cWoIftfdf gofF sfo{;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . h;df pkfWoIf gj/fh k/fh'nL, ;lrj gfgL/fd lwtfn, sf]iffWoIf k|]ds[i0f ;'jfn / ;b:ox?df qmdzM jL/axfb'/ tfdfª, ;Gtaxfb'/ tfdfª, ljgf]b s];L, lji0f'x/L kf}8]n, wd{/fh x'dfufO{, lrgLdfof nfdf, ljdnf /fgfef6, /ldtf v8\sf / nIdL sfsL{ lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L n]vf tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf w|'jk|;fb k/fh'nL / ;b:ox?df s]zjk|;fb a8fn / u+uf l;Ub]n rog x'g'ePsf] 5 . lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ k|d'v cltly ljgf]b k/fh'nL tyf ;+:yfsf cWoIf /fh' du/n] sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

eljZosf s0fw{f/ ePsfn] lhDdj]f/L axg, pQ/fbloTj, OdfGbf/Ltf / dx]gt cfjZos /xs ] f] kj"{ dGqL af:sf6]fn] atfpg' eof] . sfoq{mddf Pdfn] cWoIf czfs ] Aof~hn ' ] ljBfyLx{?sf] el"dsf / bfloTjnfO{ kf6Ln { ] klg Aojl:yt ul//xs ] f] atfpg' eof] . eljZosf ;j+fxs ljBfyLx{?sf] xs / clwsf/sf nflu tLg txs} ;/sf/ lhDdj]f/ /xg' kg]{ atfpbF} cWoIf Aof~hn ' ] ;lx / unt 5§'ofpg ;Sg] tfut ljBfyLx{?n] /fVgk'g]{ atfpg' eof] . pRr lzIff cWoogsf nflu ljbl]zg] qmd a9s ] f] eP klg l;s/] gk]fn kmlsg{ / gk]fnd} c;n / ;Ifd gful/ssf ?kdf dn ' s ' ;DxfNg] cj;/sf nflu ljBfyLx{? tof/ xg'' kg]{ pxfF n ] atfpg' eof] . sfo{ q mdf cg/]f:jljos ' f dxf;lrj ;lds a8fn, sfi]ffWoIf hl]g; nfdf, afudtL kb|z ] OGrfh{ cleifs ] ;j'b]L, ;G'b/ v8s \ f, lhNnf

OGrfh{ zflns/fd k/fhn ' L, ;x OGrfh{ xl/zrGb l3ld/,] kj'{ cWoIf pkG]b| zdf{ nufotsf gt]fx?n] ljBfyL{ ;u+7gsf] dxTjsf af/d]f hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . ;fy} oj'f ;3+ cWoIf ljqmd rfn } fufO,{ cgd];3+ ;lrj kljqf et'{n ] nufotn] ;u+7gx?sf] bfloTj / el"dsfsf af/d]f hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . sfoq{mddf kf6Ls { f sl]Gbo| ;b:ox?, afudtL kb|z ] sf kbflwsf/Lx?, lhNnf sld6Lsf ;b:ox? tyf ljleGg hgjluo{ ;u+7gsf kbflwsf/Lx? ;xeflu lyP . clwa]zgsf] aGb ;qn] czfs ] vgfnsf] cWoIftfdf gofF sld6L rog u/s ] f] 5 . sld6Lsf] pkfWoIf xd]/fh xd'fufO,{ ;lrj ldngsd'f/ uft}d, ;x;lrj ;lGhj Gofk}fg,] sNkgf nfdf sfi]ffWoIf cfbz{ Gofk}fg,] sfofn { o ;lrj ;d'g h? } / ;u+7g laefu kd|v ' lbkz ] ltdlN;gfnfO{ 5gf6} u/s ] f] 5 .

5fª5'ª vfg]kfgL 6\of+sLsf] lzNofGof;

kgf}tL gu/sf] d'6'df cjl:yt u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ug]{ klxnf] Pltxfl;s o; OGb|]Zj/ SofDk;df z}lIfs ;q @)&*÷&( sf] nflu :gfts tx k|yd jif{df

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;~rflnt sfo{qmd

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w'lnv]n÷:j:y zx/ agfpg] cleofgdf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfn] pknAw u/fPsf] v'Nnf :yfgdf w'lnv]n c:ktfn / lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf] ;xof]udf k|f]h]S6 6]Dknn] ;]e]Gy ;fO{6 w'lnv]n z'ef/De u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL o'y lkm6g]; P08 Sofln;y]lgS;n] u/]sf] pQm cleofg g]kfnsf ( j6f lhNnfsf] !% :yfgdf z'? x'g]5 . w'lnv]ndf z'ef/De ePsf] ;ftf} xf] . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr cleofgsf] z'ef/De ug{' ePsf] lyof] . !$ jif{ eGbf dfly pd]/ ;d'xsf AolQmx?sf nflu k|lzIf0f tyf k|of]ufTds cEof;sf nflu pQm ;]G6/ dxTjk"0f{ x'g]5 . AolQmnfO{ :jf:Yo dfkm{t cfTdcg'zf;g sfod /fVg pQm Aofofd cEof;n] ;xh agfpg]5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] w'lnv]n :j:y zx/ agfpg] cleofg cGt{utsf] pQm sfo{qmdn] yk ;xhtf k|bfg ug{] atfpg' eof] . gu/kflnsfn] o:tf ;]G6/x? cGo j8fdf lj:tf/ ug{ cfjZos ;xof]u ug{] ePsfn] ;xlhs/0fsf nflu gu/ k|d'v

Aof~h'n] cg'/f]w ug{' eof] . dlg{Ë jfs hfg]x?sf nflu v'Nnf hLd ;]G6/ tyf Aofofd ;]G6/n] ;xh x'g] pxfFsf] egfO{ lyof] . w'lnv]n c:ktfnn] ! nfv %) xhf/ / lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]n] %) xhf/ ;xof]u u/L b'O{ nfv ?k}ofdf lgdf{0f ePsf] pQm Aofofd ;]G6/n] ljz]ifu/L o'jfx?sf nflu lgoldt Aofofd ug{ ;xh agfpg]5 . pQm cleofgsf tkm{af6 b}lgs / ;fKtflxs ?kdf Aofofdsf sIffx? ;+rfng x'g]5g\ . Aofofd sIffdf l;s]sf s'/fnfO{ Aojxf/df cEof; ug{ pQm ;]G6/ cfjZos /x]sf] cWoIf ;'sb]j sfsL{n] atfpg' eof] . pxfFsf cg';f/ sfe|], sf7df8f}, nlntk'/, kf]v/f, lrtjg, lj/f6gu/, ;'v{]t, g]kfnu~h / ?kGb]lxsf !% :yfgdf o:tf Aofofd ;]G6/ v'ln;s]sf] cWoIf sfsL{n] atfpg' eof] . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf k|d'v P;kL e'k]Gb| vqLn] AolQmnfO{ :j:y / cg'zfl;t agfpg pQm cleofgn] z'? u/]sf] Aofofk s]Gb| dxTjk"0f{ ePsfn] k|x/L sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 ;xof]u pknAw u/fPsf] atfpg' eof] . ;]G6/df k'nckm, lrgck, l8kjf/, l;6ck nufotsf cEof;sf nflu ;xh x'g]5 .

;Ifd ;fsf];sf] ;ef ;DkGg gfnf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ ! df 5fª5'Ë] s}8f]n vfg]kflg o]fhgf cGt{utsf] ! nfv ln6/ c6\g] vfg]kfgL 6\ofÍLsf] lzNofGof; ul/Psf] 5 . pQm 6\ofÍLsf] lzNofGof; ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v nIdL g/l;+ afb]n] ug{' ePsf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v afb]n] gu/sf] gu/af;Lx?nfO{ ! 3/ ! wf/ lgdf{0f cGt{ut pQm 6\ofÍLsf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . gu/sf !,@,# ,$ ,%,!),!!,!@,!# / !$ cfGtl/s ;|f]taf6 / afFsL j8fdf Plss[t vfg]kflg cGt{ut gu/af;Lx?nfO{ vfg]kfgL v'jfpg] sfo{ clGtd r/0f k'u]sf] atfpg' eof] . lgjf{rgdf u/]sf k|lta4tf / kfl6{sf] 3f]if0ff kq cg';f/ vfg]kfgL, ljBfno, ;8s, :jf:Yorf}sL nufot ljsf;df sfdx? lgdf{0fsf] clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] atfpg' eof] . pQm vfg]kfgL 6\ofÍLsf nfuL gu/kflnsfn] @) nfv j8faf6 @ nfv / pkef]Qmfaf6 @ nfv $$ xhf/ u/L @$ nfv $# xhf/df lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'g] / ! ;o 3/w'/L nfeflGjt x'g] atfPsf] 5 . j8f

gDa/ ! df aGr/]8fF8f PsLs[t vfg]kfgLdf ! nfvsf] l/he{ / %) xhf/sf] ljt/0f 6\ofÍL lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] / 3/3/df ljt/0fsf] sfd clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] sfo{kflnsf ;b:o pk–k|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] atfpg' eof] . pk–k|d'v bfxfnn] pkef]Qmf ;ldltnfO{ ;dodf g} sfd ;Sg u0f:t/Lo agfpg cfu|x ug{eof] .

To;}u/L j8f sfof{no ;Fu} ! nfv ln6/sf] 6\ofÍL lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] atfPsf] 5 . pk–k|d'v bfxfnn] j8fjf;Lx?nfO{ vfg]kfgL;Fu} l;+rfO{sf nfuL ;d]t k|lqmof cufl8 a9]sf] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f cWoIf tyf sfo{kflnsf ;b:o Zofd ;'Gb/ >]i7, j8f gDa/ sf j8f cWoIf lktfDa/ b'nfn, of]hgf clws[t zld{nf aGhf8], sfo{kflnsf ;b:o k|ldnf kf08], lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldtL ;b:o ljsf; d+u|flGt, j8f ;b:ox? slkn b'nfn pkef]Qmf ;ldtL cWoIf ;'lbk vqL, g]skf Pdfn] j8f gDa/ ! sf cWoIf sdn l3ld/] nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

ag]kf÷;Ifd art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] @^ cf} jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;xsf/L lj1 s}nfzeQm k|wfgfËsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5. k|wfgfËn] ;xsf/L cleofgsf] ;kmntfsf] nfuL ;dGjo / ;+o'Qm k|of;af6 dfq ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] atfpg' eof] . ;fwf/0f ;ef eg]sf] ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;jf{]Rr cu+ ePsfn] clxn] ;xsf/Lx?n] ;fwf/0f ;efnfO{ emf/f 6fg{] dfq u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;fwf/0f ;ef eg]sf] ;b:ox?sf] lh1f;f ;'Gg], ;b:ox?sf] rfxfgf / cfsfIff a'em\g' kg{] t/ clxn] gfd dfqsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef ePsfn] ;'wf/ ug{' kg{] k|wfgfËn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ljz]if cltyL al/i7 xf:o snfsf/ dbgbf; >]i7,

k|]; sfpG;Ln g]kfnsf cWoIf afns[i0f a:g]t, ;+:s[t lab 1fgsfhL dfgGw/ nufPtsf AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf] jflif{s k|lta]bg ;lra dgf]h yfkfn] k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] eg] cfly{s k|lta]bg sf]iffWoIf ;/f]hsfhL >]i7n] k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] . To:t} n]vf tyf ;'kl/a]If0f ;ldltsf] k|lta]bg ;+of]hs ejfgL hf]lzn] k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;:+yfsf] cflys { jif{ @)&&÷)&* sf] sn ' zo]/ kh F' L+ (( nfv ^ xhf/, art ;sn + g !@ s/f8] #^ nfv &# xhf/, C0f nufgL !^ s/f8] ^^ nfv /xs ] f] hgfPsf] 5 . sfoq{mddf ;:+yfsf pTsi[6 art stf,{ C0fL, zo]/ ;b:o / pTsi[6 sdr { f/Lx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfoq{md ;:+yfsf cWoIf /dz ] sfhL >i]7sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

xflb{s >4f~hnL :juf{/f]x0f @)&*.(.!^

hGd !((!

:j= rGb|s'df/L /fpt o; u'7Lsf cWoIf ljb'/ /fpt tyf ;b:ox? k|Nxfb /fpt, /fh' /fpt, u0f]zaxfb'/ /fpt / dgf]h /fptsf] ddtfdoL dftf rGb|s'df/L /fptsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

dw's/ dxt ;lrj tyf

dNkL /fpt ufp“ u'7L kl/jf/ kgf}tL–*, dNkL, sfe|]

OGb|]Zj/ SofDk; kgf}tL–&, sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

w'lnv]ndf lkm6g]; P08 Sofln;y]lgS; ;]G6/

lhp“bf] nf]sn df5f ca sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] d08g b]pk'/ g=kf= j8f g+= & s'Gtf a];Ldf nfdf] ;do b]lv df5fkfng Joj;fo ;+rfng ub{} cfPsf] nf]sn df5f s'Gtfa]zLaf6 ljqmL ub{} cfPsf]df u|fxsju{sf] dfunfO{ Wofgdf /fvL nf]sn lhpFbf] df5f æxfd|f] df5f 3/Æ ag]kf g=kf= j8f g+= !), hgfufnaf6 @)&* d+l;/ !% ut]b]lv yf]s tyf v'b|f ljqmL e}/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ .

xflb{s >4f~hnL :juf{/f]x0fM @)&*.(.!$

hGdM !(((.*.@!

:j= ;fg'zf]ef zfSo xfd|f ldq zflGt /Tg zfSosf ddtfdoL dftf ;fg'zf]ef zfSosf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

;Dks{

s[lif kmfd{ s'Gtf,

lwsf ldt cj 5'6 L ; kmf]g g+= )!!–$!@!$( lu !)Ü ljqmL s]Gb| M ag]kf hgfufn nf kmf]g g+= )!!–^^%$$&

ljsfz a}B k|sfz sfoi7 cqmd >]i7 ;dg zfSo

ldng >]i7 ;Gb]z a}B /d]z tf}hn] 1fg]Zj/ afb]+

$

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @* c+s !! @)&* kf}if @@ ut] ljxLjf/

sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno;“u ;Demf}tf, ag]kfsf] a]n/ Ps]8]dL ljkLPr sfo{qmd ag]kf÷Aofkf/Ls / z}lIfs gu/Lsf ?kdf lrlgg yfn]sf] ag]kfdf klxnf] k6s sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno;fFusf] z}lIfs ;fem]bf/Ldf a]n/ OG6/g]zgn Ps]8]dL ljBfnon] ljkLPr sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{] ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ;Demf}tf ub{} ljZjljBfno / ljBfnosf tkm{af6 xf]6n Aoj;fox? km:6fpFb} uP klg ko{6lso gu/L w'lnv]n tyf cf;kf;sf If]qdf :gfts tx plt{0f u/]sf] hgzlQm cfjZos x'Fbf yk lzIff cfh{g ug{ /fhwfgL hfg' kg{] afWotfsf] cGTo ePsf] atfO{Psf] 5 . sf7df08f}+ ljZjljBfnosf /lhi6«f/ k|f=8f= ;'af]w zdf{ / Uofn]l;o/ P8's]zgn kmfp08]zg k|f=ln=sf cWoIf ef]nf yfkf lar ;Demf}tf kqdf x:tfIf/ ePsf] 5 . sf7df08f} laZjlaBfnosf] :jLs[t z}lIfs sfo{qmd cGtu{t /xL

Un]l;o/ Ph's]zgn kmfpG8]zgn] a]n/ s]o" z}lIfs ;q @)@!÷)@@ b]vL Aofrn/ Og k|f]km];gn xl:k6fln6L (BPH) sfo{s|d cGtu{t #) hgf laBfyL{ egf{sf nfuL cfjZos tof/L k'/f u/L ;s]sf] lk|G;Lkn >LdtL O{Gb' yfkfn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . …bIf hgzlQm cefjsf sf/0f ko{6g If]qdf ePsf] ;d:ofnfO{ yf]/} eP klg ;dfwfg ug{ ;xh xf]; eGg] pb]Zon] pQm sfo{qmd ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] xf]Ú–lk|lG;kn >Ldlt OGb' yfkfn] eGg' e of] – …of] sfo{ q mdn] o"jfx?nfO{ :j/f]huf/ / cfTdflge{/ agfpg sf];]9'Uuf ;flat u/fpg] ljZjf; lnPsf 5f}+ .Ú sfe|]sf] ag]kfdf nfdf] ;do b]vL z}lIfs If]qdf u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ub{ } cfPsf] a] n /n] laBfyL{ / cleefjssf] dg lhTb} cfPsf] 5 . lhNnf / cf;kf;sf If]qsf laBfyL{x?sf]

elaionfO{ Wofg lbb} o;} z}lIfs ;q b]vL lakLPr cWogsf nfuL egf{ k|f/De u/Lg] laBfnosf lk|G;Lkn >LdtL O{Gb' yfkfn] atfpg' eof] . ;le{; If]qdf laBfyL{x?sf] a9\bf] cfs{if0f ePklg xf]6n d]g]hd]06 u/] kl5 -bIftf xf;Ln_ :gfts txsf] lzIff cfh{g ug{ /fhwfgL wfpg kg]{ jf c? g} laifo /f]Hg'' kg]{ afWotf pQm sfo{qmdaf6 s]xL xb;Dd laBfyLx?sf nfuL sdL x'g] ePsf] 5 . ko|fu]fTds laifo ePsfn] :jbz ] , labz ] jf sg"} klg :yfgdf /x/] cfTdflge{/ aGg d4t kU'g] xb'f oj"fx?sf] n

lhNnfsf tLg :yfgdf tf}nk'n ag]kf÷d'n tyf ;xfos dfu{x?df u'8\g] ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ kf/jxg Ifdtf cg';f/ lgoGq0f ug{] p2]Zon] kgf}tL, kfFrvfn / gdf]a'4df tf}n k'n z'ef/De ul/Psf] 5 . kgf}tLdf gu/ k|d'v led Gof}kfg], kfFrvfndf gu/ k|d'v dx]z v/]n / gdf]a'4df gu/ k|d'v l6kL zdf{ ltdlN;gfn] tf}nk'nsf] z'ef/De ug{' ePsf] lyof] . kf/jxg Ifdtf cg';f/sf] ;fdfu|L 9'jfgL u/L ;8s / k'n ;'/lIft /fVg tf}nk'n dxTjk"0f{ x'g] k|d'v led Gof}kfg]n] atfpg' eof] . gLlh If]qaf6 z'? ul/Psf] pQm tf}nk'nsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ oftfoft Aoj:yf ljefun] cg'dlt lbPsf] 5 . Unf]an d]zLg/L P08 6]Sgf]nf]hL ;le{;]h / sf]6 sflnsf

d]zLg/L P08 6]Sgf]nf]hL ;le{;]hsf gfddf tf}nk'n :yfkgf ul/Psf] xf] . oftfoft Aoj:yf P]g @)$(, ;jf/L tyf oftfoft Aoj:yf lgodfjnL @)%$, oftfoft Aoj:yfkg sfo{ljlw lgb{]lzsf @)^) / dfnjfxs ;jf/L ;fwgsf] ef/jxg lgodg ;DjGwL lgb{]lzsf @)&$ sf] Aoj:yf cg';f/ ef/dfkg sGb| :yfkgf u/L ;Mz'Ns ef/dfkgsf] ;fj{hlgs ;]jf ;+rfng ul/Psf] ;+rfns /fh]z;'Gb/ ;}h'n] atfpg' eof] . tf}n cg';f/ k|lt ;jf/L ;fwg $) 6g;Dd ! ;o @% ?k}ofF z'Ns lng] ul/Psf] 5 . z'ef/Desf] cj;/df kl/If0f ul/Psf] clwsf+z l6k/x?n] af]Sg] Ifdtf cg'dlt eGbf % 6g eGbf w]/} /x]sf] 6«flkms k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sL k|d'v k|ldnf >]i7n] atfpg' eof] .

cy{e"ld ;fsf];sf] !@ cf+} ;fwf/0f ;ef w'lnv]n÷cy{e"ld art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnsf] !@ cf} jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;+:yfsf sfjf cWoIf g/axfb'/ tfdfªsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . tfdfªn] sf]/f]gf efO{/;sf sf/0f ;do ;fk]If lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . ;+:yfn] ;b:ox?n] ljz]if ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] /

cfufdL lbgx?df ;d]t ;]jfnfO{ yk k|lalw d}qL agfpFb} n}hfg] tfdfªn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf] cfly{s aif{ @)&&÷)&* sf] z]o/ k'FhL+ ! s/f]8 !* nfv &% xhf/, art lgIf]k !& s/f]8 @ nfv @( xhf/, shf{ nufgL !@ s/f]8 $# nfv $& xhf/ /x]sf] ;efdf k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] .

sfgk'/df j8f / :jf:Yo ejg lznfGof; sfgk'/÷gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf j8f g+= % sfgk'/sf] j8f sfo{no / :jf:Yosf] ejg lznfGof; ul/Psf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v 6L=kL zdf{ ltdlN;gfn] j8f sfof{no / :jf:Yo rf}sLsf] ejg lznfGof; u/]sf x'g\ . gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfn] ;a} j8f sfof{nosf] ejg lgdf{0f rfn' cfly{s aif{leq lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug]{ nIo ;lxt j8f gDj/ % df klg j8f sfof{nosf] ;'ljwf;DkGg ejg lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . o;cl3 j8f g+= @, #, ^, &, *, (, !) / !! sf] j8f sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 eg] oxL aif{leq ;Sg]u/L j8f gDj/ $ sf] ejg lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] 5 . o:t} j8f g+= ! sf] ejg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof k'/f u/]/ s]xL ;dod} lgdf{0f yfNg] tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . j8f g+= % sfgk'/df j8f sfof{no ejg;Fu;Fu} :jf:Yorf}sL ejg klg lgdf{0f x'g] ePkl5 pQm j8fdf :jf:Yosf] b'O{j6f ejg x'g] ePsf] 5 . sfgk'/sf] af]xf]/]df klg u|fdL0f :jf:Yo s]G›sf] ejg lgdf{0f e}/x]sf] / lgdf{0f sfo{ clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] j8fWoIf a'4 l;+ tfdfªn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . j8f g+= % sf] j8f sfof{no lgdf{0fsf nflu ultlzn

kfg; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–*, sfe|], kmf]g g+ M)!!–^^!)#%

C0fL ;b:ox?nfO{ C0f r'Stf ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] #% lbg] cToGt h?/L ;'rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt @)&* kf}if @@ o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfaf6 C0f lng] b]xfoadf]lhdsf C0fLx?n] lnPsf] C0fsf] ltg'{ a'emfpg'kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ afFsL aSof}tf /sd Dofb leq r'Qmf e'Qmfg gug'{ ePsf]n] o; ;+:yfaf6 k6s k6s df}lvs, lnlvt, kmf]g tyf P;PdP; dfkm{t tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t C0f r'Qmf ug]{ tkm{ tTk/tf gb]vfpg' ePsf]n] of] #% lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . pQm Dofb leq o; ;+:yfnfO{ ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fFjf, Aofh, xh{gf ;d]tsf ltg'{ kg]{ /sd a'emfpg' x'g÷a'emfpg nufpg x'g ;DalGwt C0fL tyf hdfgt lbg] JolQmnfO{ ;'lrt ul/G5 . o; ;"rgfsf] Dofb leq aSof}tf ePsf] ;Dk"0f{ C0f /sd ;+:yfnfO{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg gul/ c6]/ ul/ a;]df C0f lnFbfsf avt o; ;+:yfnfO{ n]lvlbg' ePsf] td;'s tyf ;t{gfdf adf]lhd ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ sf] bkmf &(-C0f c;'nL ug]{_ bkmf *)- sfnf] C0fLsf] tLg k':t] ljj/0f

C0fLsf] gfdMlaqmd a'9fyf]sL a'afsf] gfdMl;tf/fd a'9fyf]sL afh]sf] gfdMg/axfb'/ a'9fyf]sL gf=k|=g+=M#) )!–)^&–!#^@& ;fljs 7]ufgfMgfl;sf:yfg–@, sfe]| C0fLsf] gfdM/fh' dxfh' a'afsf] gfdMk'0o eQm dxfh' afh]sf] gfdM>L eQm dxfh' gf=k|=g+=M#) )!–)^&–(@() ;fljs 7]ufgfM ag]kf–#, sfe]| C0fLsf] gfdMdbg s'df/ clwsf/L a'afsf] gfdM6]s axfb'/ clwsf/L afh]sf] gfdMnId0f clwsf/L gf=k|=g+=M!^$%* ;fljs 7]ufgfM l;?6f/–!,eQmk'/ xfnsf] 7]ufgfM ag]kf–!), sfe]|

C0fLsf] kmf]6f]

o; Ifq]df cfsi{f0f a9s ] f] 5 . rf/ aif{] sfi]f{ /xs ] f] / k/'f u?Ghn ] laBfyLx{?n] ko|fu]fTdsdf sfd ubf{ cfpg] /sdnfO{ hfu]fpg ;s] laBfno / laZjlaBfnodf ltg{] zN's lgs} sd nfUg] lakLPrsf sfl]8g6]/ cgk' yfkfn] atfpg' eof] . so]" an ] / ;Grfngdf cfPkl5 ;Demft}f eP adfh ] Ld sf7df08f+} laZjlaBfno :sn ' ckm Dofgh ] d0]6n] tfl]sPsf] dfkb08 cg;'f/ zl}Ifs sfos { d|sf] ;k'l/jI]f0f tyf /v ] bv ] ug{] 5 . ko6{g Ifq]n] laZje/ cfyLs { ;d4 [ L xfl;n ul//xs ] f] ;Gbed{f pQm ljifosf] cWoogn] emg} ;xh ePsf] 5 .

hdfgt lbg]sf] ljj/0f

gfdMlutf a'9fyf]sL kltsf]]gfdMl;tf/fd a'9fyf]sL ;;'/fsf]gfdMg/axfb'/ a'9fyf]sL gf=k|=g=M #)%$÷#) ;fljs 7]ufgfMgfl;sf:yfg–@, sfe]|

gfdM k'0o eQm dxfh' a'af M>L eQm dxfh' afh] Ml;l4 nfn dxfh' gf=k|=g+=M%(*% xfn 7]ufgf M ag]kf–(, sfe]|

hdfgLsf] kmf]6f]

lgdf{0f ;]jf x]6f}8f;Fu Eof6afx]s #( nfv &! xhf/ ^ ;o $@ ?k}ofFdf 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 eg] :jf:Yo rf}sL ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu /fh sG:6«S;g sf7df8f}+;Fu Eof6afx]s @! nfv *! xhf/ @ ;o #% ?k}ofFdf 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . ejg lznfGof; kZrft gu/ k|d'v zdf{n] sfgk'/ dfljsf] gj lgld{t ejgsf] klg cjnf]sg u/]sf lyP .

xflb{s awfO{ sGrg rGb| jfb] >]i7 dxfdGqL, afudtL k|b]z

zflGt If]qL yfkf ;b:o, afudtL k|b]z

g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] rf}wf}+ dxflwj]zgaf6 afudtL k|b]z dxfdGqLdf sGrgrGb| jfb] >]i7 / afudtL k|b]z ;b:odf zflGt If]qL yfkf nufot s]lGb|o ;b:o, k|b]z ;ldtL ;b:o,lhNnf ;ldtL, k|ltlglw ;ef If]q, k|b]z ;ef If]q, gu/ tyf ufFp ;ldlt / j8f ;ldltdf lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{df xflb{s awfO{ tyf sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

lrqaxfb'/ s'“j/ cWoIf tyf

k"j{ c/lgsf] oftfoft ;]jf k|f=ln= kl/jf/, nf]sGynL, eQmk'/

>L sfF7' u0f]z art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf – & sfe]|

lwtf]df /x]sf] rn÷crn ;DklQ lnnfd laqmLsf] !% lbg] ;'rgf -k|sflzt ldlt @)&*÷)(÷@@_ o; ;xsf/L sf C0fL k[YjL dfg skfnLsf] gflt xl/dfg skfnLsf] 5f]/f] lht l;+ skfnL cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ sfo{ ug{ pkef]u u/]sf] C0f shf{ o; ;xsf/L;+u u/]sf] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd ;do ;dodf ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fFjf, Jofh cflb glt/L ga'emfO{ ;xsf/L;+u ePsf] C0f shf{ ;DaGwL zt{ aGb]hx? pNn+3g u/]sf] / k6s k6s lnlvt Pj+ df}lvs tf/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ;xsf/Lsf] C0fshf{ r'Qmf gu/]sfn] C0fLnfO{ shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] ldlt @)&&÷!@÷!&, df sfe|] 6fOD; ;fKtflxs dfkm{t #% lbg] ;'rgf, lwtf]df /x]sf] rn crn ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL af/]sf] ldlt @)&*÷)&÷)(, d+unaf/sf] sfe|] 6fOD; ;fKtflxs dfkm{t #% lbg] ;'rgf, lwtf]df /x]sf] rn crn ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL af/]sf] ldlt @)&*÷)*÷!#, d+unaf/sf sfe|] 6fOD; ;fKtflxs dfkm{t !% lbg] ;'rgf, lwtf]df /x]sf] rn crn ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL af/]sf] ldlt @)&*÷)(÷)^, d+unaf/sf sfe|] 6fOD; ;fKtflxs dfkm{t )& lbg] ;'rgf k|sflzt ubf{ ;d]t cfh ;Dd pQm shf{sf] ;fFjf / ;f] df nfu]sf] Jofh r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug]{ tkm{ C0fL lht l;+ skfnLsf] k/nf]s k5L lghsf] glhssf] xsjfnf ;d]tn] s'g} Wofg glbPsfn] lwtf] ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] tkl;n adf]lhdsf] rn crn ;DklQ h] h:tf] ca:yf 5 ;f]xL cj:yf /xg]u/L of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] !^ cf}+ lbgdf tk;Lndf pNn]lvt ;do :yfg / ldltdf lwtf]df /x]sf] ;DklQ uf]Ko lznaGbL dfkm{t lnnfd laqmL ul/g] af/] o;} ;'rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] 5 . ;fy} ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] ;Dk'0f{ lwtf] lnnfd laqmL ubf{ klg ;xsf/Lsf] ;Dk'0f{ ;fFjf Aofh c;"n pk/ gePdf ;+:yfs]f lglt,lgod ;xsf/L P]g lgod sfg'g adf]lhg C0fL tyf JolQmut hdfgLstf{x?sf] cGo rn÷crn ;Dkltx?af6 ;d]t aSof}tf shf{ /sd c;"n pk/ ul/g] Joxf]/f C0fL, JolQmut hdfgLstf{x? / ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ o;} ;'rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . tkl;n C0fLsf] tLg k':t] ljj/0f C0fLsf] kmf]6f] lwtf] /x]sf] ;DklQ ljj/0f hdfgLsf] ljj/0f C0fLsf] gfd– lht l;+ skfnL dfxfb]j:yfg uf lj ; j8f g+ # !_ ;'nf]rgf skfnL – afh]sf] gfd – k[YjLdfg sfe|]knf~rf]s ;flas – d]nDrL j8f g+ ^, a'afsf]gfd – xl/dfg l;Gw'kfNrf]s _ lsQf g+ –!$%@ If]=km– 7]ufgf xfn – ag]kf g kf j8f g+ !), @–)–)–) ;flas M ag]kf g kf j8f g+ – !) sfe|]knf~rf]s _ sfe|]knf~rf]s lwtf] n]lvlbg] tyf JolQmut hdfgt lbg]x?nfO{ ;"rgf pk/f]Qm Joxf]/f cjutfy{ cg'/f]w ub}{ ;"rgfsf] Dofbleq zL3| shf{ e'QmfgL u/L u/fO{ cfkm\gf] ;DklQsf] plrt ;+/If0f ug'{ x'g ;d]t o;} ;"rgfaf6 cg'/f]w ul/G5 . tf]lsPsf] lbg lwtf] lnnfd laqmLsf] sfo{ x'g] ePsf]n] lnnfd x'+Fbfsf lbg lnnfdaf6 sfod x'g] lwtf] d"No 36L jf a9L x'g] k|lqmofdf ;d]t lwtf]wgLx?nfO{ pkl:yt x'g ;"lrt ul/G5 . lwtf] n]lvlbPsf] ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL u/L jf ;+:yf cfkm}n] ;sf/ ubf{ ;d]t ;fljsdf ;+:yfaf6 ePsf] d"Nof+sg eGbf sd d"Nodf lnnfd laqmL eof] jf ;+:yf cfkm}n] ;sf/ u/L lnPdf kl5 d]/f]÷xfd|f] ;DklQsf] plrt d"No k|fKt geO{ sd d"Nodf lnnfd laqmL eof] jf ;+:yf cfkm}n] ;sf/ u/L lnof] egLsxL+ st} ph'/ ug{ kfpg' x'g] 5}g . pk/f]Qmfg';f/ lwtf] lbPsf] crn ;DklQx? lnnfd laqmL ubf{ ;d]t ;+:yfsf] lng' kg]{ /sd c;"n pk/ geO{ afFsL /x]df ;f] afFsL /sd pk/ C0fL tyf JolQmut hdfgt lbg' x'g] ;a}nfO{ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;'rLdf ;dfa]z u/L sfg'g adf]lhd c;'n pk/ ug]{ sfo{ ul/g] Joxf]/f ;d]t ;DjlGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ;"lrt ul/G5 . lnnfdLsf zt{x? != pk/f]Qm crn ;DklQx? vl/b ug{ >L sfF7' u0f]z art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yff ag]kfaf6 kl5 lkmtf{ gx'g] ul/ ? !)))÷– lt/L af]nkq kmf/d k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 . @=af]nkq :aLs[t ug]{ jf gug]{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf :aLs[t ug]{ lg0f{o ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;+:yfdf ;'/lIft /xg]5 . #= af]nkqdf pNn]lvt /sddf ;DklQ ljls| ug]{ jf gug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;+:yfdf lglxt /xg]5 . $= cGo zt{x? af]nkq kmf/ddf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 . af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&*÷!)÷)^ ut] , lalxaf/ . ;do ck/fGx M #M)) ah] ;Dd af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt M @)&*÷!)÷)& ut], z'qmaf/ . ;do M ck/fGx #M)) ah] :yfg M >L sfF7' u0f]z art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yff ag]kf–& sfe]|

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

@*cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY

!) cf}+ lhNnf clwj]zg ljz]if cw'/f of]hgfx? k"/f u5f{}+

d'n's Pdfn]do 5 eGg] ;Gb]z lbG5f}+

/fdx/L ;'j]bL

/]zd nfdf

;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:o

s]lGb|o ;b:o Pj+ k"j{ dGqL

g]skf Pdfn] afUdtL k|b]z pkfWoIf

4o; k6ssf] Pdfn]sf] !) cf}+ lhNnf dxflwj]zg km/s vfnsf] xf] < g] s kf Pdfn] s f] /fli6« o /fhgLltdf ljwfg dxflwj]zg u/]/ gofF ;Gb]z lbof}+ . g]skf Pdfn] leqsf] nf]stflGqs / k|hftflGqs cEof; Pp6f prfO{df k'u]sf] 5 h'g c? kf6L{df 5}g . ljwfg leq /x]/ /fli6«o dxflwj]zg klg ;kmn kf¥of}+ . Tof] eGbf cufl8 ufpFklfnsf / j8f clwj]zg ;DkGg u¥of}+ . To;kl5 clxn] xfdL lhNnf clwj]zgsf] tof/Ldf 5f}+ . of] xfd|f] g]skf Pdfn]sf] Oltxf;df cToGt}

dxTj /fVb5 .

4!) cf}+ clwj]zgn] lbg] ;Gb]z s] xf] < of] lhNnf clwj]zg o:tf] a]nfdf ug{ uO/x]sf 5f}+ . glhlsb} cfO/x]sf] :yfgLo r'gfj ;';DkGg ug{'5 . cfpg] k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] ;fdgf ug{'kg{]5 . of] lhNnf clwj]zgaf6 r'lgg] g]t[Tjn] oL k|d'v sfo{ef/ k"/f ug{' 5 . of] j}wflgsLs/0fsf] k|lqmof klg xf] . of] lhNnf clwj]zg kl5 xfdL k|b]z clwj]zg klg u5f{{}+ . clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df lhNnf clwj]zgsf] dxTj rflxF o;n] ;fdgf ug{] kl/l:yltsf] xf] . o;sf/0f of] clwj]zgnfO{ eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg u/L r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf u/L g]t[Tj lgdf{0f u/L cl3 a9\5f}+ .

4of] clwj]zgn] s]lx gofF of]hgf agfpF5 < of] ;dosf] sfnv08df sfe|] lhNnfsf] kl/jt{gsf nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/, z}lIfs If]q, cfly{s, ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf nflu h] hlt of]hgfx? agfPsf 5f} . xfdLn],

w'lnv]n, kgf}tL, ag]kf, kfFrvfn, d08g of sf]lzkf/L, t]dfn, dxfef/t vfgLvf]nf egf} xfdL o;sf] PsLs[t ;Gt'lnt 9+un] ;du| ljsf;sf] of]hgf agfpF5f}+ . ljutdf xfdLn] cw'/f /fv]sf of]hgfx? k"/f u5f{}+ . clxn] u7aGwg ;/sf/ alg ;s]kl5 d'n's nf]stGqdf uO;s]sf] 5 .

4g]skf Pdfn]sf] lhNnfsf] g]t[Tj kl5 ljut / clxn]sf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 < l;Ëf] g]skf Pdfn] Psflt/ / u7aGwg Psflt/ /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . zlQm ;Gt'ngdf g]skf Pdfn] 5 . kfFr bnLo u7aGwg / Pdfn] l;+uf] Psflt/ x'g'df Pdfn] cfwf g]kfn xf] cfwf zlQm xf] . tfkgL u7aGwg ePtf klg Pp6f klg of]hgfx? ;DkGg ePsf] cj:yf 5}g . vfnL n'6, cGt{4G4, c:tJo:t dfq 5 . hxfF;Dd Pdfn]sf] ;Gbe{ 5 . sfe|] lhNnfdf Pdfn]sf] g]t[Tjdf y'k|} sfdx? ePsf 5g\ . xfdLn] lgs6 eljiod} xfdLn] of]hgf u/]sf sfdx? k"/f ug{]5f}+ .

xfO6]s k|ljlw leq\ofPsf 5f}+ gf/fo0f kf08] ;lrj

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|] =g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) cf}+ clwj]zgsf] tof/L sxfF k'Uof] < g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) cf}+ clwj]zgsf] tof/Ldf xfdL 5f}+ . clwj]zg tof/Lsf nflu ljleGg pk;ldltx? lgdf{0f u/]sf 5f}+ . clwj]zg eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ug{ pk;ldltx?n] cfˆgf] sfd lhDd]jf/Lk"j{s lgjf{x ul//x]sf 5g\ . xfdLn] of] clwj]zgnfO{ eJo ug{sf nflu cln km/s 9+uaf6 kl/rflnt u/]sf 5f}+ . xfdLn] %) cf}+ xhf/ hg;d'bfox?nfO{ cfJxfg klg u/]sf 5f}+ lgdGq0ff u/]sf 5f}+ . @# ut] w'lnv]nsf] /+uzfnfdf clwj]zg ;DkGg ug{] eg]sf 5f}+ . pQm clwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g >4o] g]tf s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] ug{'x'g]5 . =gf} j6f clwj]zg eO;s]sf] 5, !) cf}+ clwj]zgdf km/s rflxF s] 5 < xfdL gjf}+ lhNnf clwj]zg ubf{ k|ltlglw 5gf}6 Joj:yfkgdf s]lx s'/fx? km/s ckgfPsf 5f}+ . of] clwj]zgdf sfe|]d} klxnf]k6s xfO{6]s k|ljlw ckgfPsf 5f}+ . xfdLn] k|ltlglw sf8{b]lv lnP/ So'cf/ sf]8, dtbfg ug{] k|ljlw ;d]t Joj:yfkg u/]sf 5f}+ . lxhf]sf lbgdf Tof] lyPg . k|rf/sf gofF z}nL ckgfPsf 5f}+ . To:t} ;fp08 l;:6ddf klg xfO6]s k|ljlw ckgfPsf 5f}+ . xfdLn] k|ljlwsf] pRrtd k|of]u ub{} of] clwj]zgnfO{ cufl8 a9fO/x]sf 5f}+ . =bzf}+ clwj]zgsf] k|ltlglw 5gf}6 k|lqmofsf] ljlw km/s xf] < gjf}+ clwj]zgdf ;+ul7t ;b:o sd lyof] . clxn] sfe|]df nueu @@ xhf/ ;+ul7t ;b:o k'u]sf] cj:yf 5 . Toltv]/ xfdLn] !! ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf k|ltlglw rog

u/]sf lyof}+ . clxn] xfdLn] ;dfj]zL ?kdf k|ltlglw 5gf}6 u/]sf 5f}+ . nf]stflGqs ljlw4f/f ;a}sf] ;xefuLtf x'g] u/L k|ltlglw r'lgPsf] 5 . xfdLn] ;a} sld6Lx? / hg;+u7gx?nfO{ Tolx cg'?k Joj:yfkg u/]sf 5f}+ . o;sf/0f klg lxhf]sf] gjf}+ clwj]zg / clxn]sf] !) cf}+ clwj]zgdf k|ltlglw 5gf}6df km/s 5 . =of] k6s @@ xhf/ ;+ul7t ;b:oaf6 s;/L < slt k|ltlglw 5flgP < of] clwj]zgdf @@ xhf/ ;+ul7t ;b:oaf6 !$ ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf k|ltlglwx? x'g]5g\ . x/]s If]qdf ;j{;Djt tl/sfn] k|ltlglw 5flgPsf 5g\ . =5flgPsf k|ltlglwn] xfO6]s k|ljlwdf s;/L ;xefuL x'g] < Joj:yfkg s:tf] 5 < xfO6]s k|ljlw s;/L k|of]u ug{] eGg] ;Gbe{df 8]df] u/fO{g]5 . dtbfgdf s;/L efu lng] eGg] af/] k|lzIf0f lbG5f}+, l;sfpF5f}+ . Tolt ufx|f] klg 5}g . ;a} k|ltlglwx?nfO{ k|ljlwdf ;fd]n u/fO{ cEo:t u/fO{g]5 . aGb ;qdf k|j]z u/fpFb} xfdL k|ltlglwx?sf] k|ljlwaf6 r]s u/fpF5f}+ . =sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ leq ;j{;Ddltsf gfddf sld6L 3f]if0ff x'G5, ef]l6ª d]l;g rflxF b]vfpgsf nflu dfq xf] eGg] hgu'gf;f] 5 lg < xfd|f] kf6L{ eg]s]f nf]stflGqs kf6L{ xf] . o;n] nf]stflGqs ljlwnfO{ cjnDag u5{ . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] nf]stflGqs ljlw ckgfpFb}g eGg] xf]Og . ;j{;Ddt ljlw rflxF nf]stflGqs ljlw xf]Og eGg] x'Fb}g . of] nf]stGqsf] pRrtd ljlw xf] .

To;sf/0f ;j{;Ddt klg xf]nf . olb x'g ;s]g eg] lgjf{rgsf] ljlw t 5Fb}5 . To;kl5

xfdL g]t[Tj rogsf nflu dtbfg k|lqmofdf hfG5f}+ . To;sf/0f of] b]vfpgsf] nflu dfq} xf] eGg] s'/f g} /x]g . =of] clwj]zgdf %) cf}+ xhf/ hg;d'bfo pqb}5 . s] of] kf6L{ km'6sf] c;/ k/]sf] 5}g eg]/ b]vfpgnfO{ xf] < clwj]zgx? k|foM k|rf/fTds g} x'G5g\ . xfdLn] clwj]zg v'Nnf ?kdf cfd hgtfsf] dfemdf g} ug{'kg{] x'G5 . g]skf Pdfn] clxn] /fi6« lgdf{0fsf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfsif{0f g]skf Pdfn]df 5 . of] cfsif{s} sf/0f klg xfd|f] clwj]zgdf ;xefuL x'Fb}5g\ . o:t} xfdLn] h'g xfO6]s k|ljlwx? ckgfpFb}5f} of] b]vfpgnfO{ xf]Og lj1fgnfO{ k|of]u u/]sf] xf] . ;xefuLx?nfO{ lj1fgsf] k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug{'k5{ x} eGg] ;Gb]z lbgsf] nflu klg xfdLn] of] xfO6]s k|ljlw leq\ofPsf xf}+ . cGtdf, g]skf Pdfn] Pp6f nf]stflGqs kf6L{ xf] . @# ut] lhNnf clwj]zg w'lnv]ndf x'Fb}5 . d cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ s] cfJxfg u5{' eg] xfd|f s]lGb|o cWoIf s= s]kL zdf{ cf]nLaf6 clwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g x'Fb}5 . h'g P]ltxfl;s x'g]5 . pQm P]ltxfl;s clwj]zgdf pkl:ylt hgfpgsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ sfe|]nL hgx?df xflb{s cfdGq0f ug{ rfxG5' .

sfe|]nL hgtfsf] ;d[l4;“u hf]8]sf 5f}+ ;!) cf} + lhNnf clwj] z gsf] ;Gb] z s] xf] < g]skf Pdfn] sfe|] oltv]/ !) cf}+ lhNnf clwj]zgdf h'6]sf] 5 . o;kflnsf] lhNnf clwj]zg ljutsf lhNnf clwj]zg km/s 5 . g]skf Pdfn]sf] hlxn] klg cfkm\gf clwj]zgx? Jofks hg;d'bfosf] aLrdf ug{] u/]sf] 5 . of] kf6L{ ;Lldt g]tfx?sf], ;Lldt sfo{stf{x?sf], glhsaf6 hf]l8Psf k+lQmsf] dfq kf6L{ xf]Og, of] kf6L{ cfd hg;d'bfosf] kf6L{ xf] . ;a} bn tx / tKsfx?sf] kf6L{ ePsf] sf/0f o;sf] clwj]zgdf Tof] ;/f]sf/ cfd hgtfdf klg x'g] u5{ . To;sf] lx:;f cfd hg;d'bfon] klg kfpg'k5{ eGg] xfdL rfxG5f}+ . o;kfnL lsg km/s 5 eGg] ;Gbe{df cl3Nnf] clwj]zgdf hlt klg hg;'dbfox? e]nf ePsf lyP o; jif{ Tof] /]s8{nfO{ tf]8\g]5f}+ . xfdLn] %) cf}+ xhf/ sfe|]nL

hg;d'bfonfO{ w'lnv]ndf ptfb{} 5f}+ . xfdL To;sf] tof/Ldf nfUb}5f}+ . csf{] s'/f of] clwj]zgdf kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj rog ug{], ljutsf] sfdsf] ;dLIff ug{]/ s]lx ;f+u7lgs of]hgf agfpg] sfddf dfq ;Lldt /xg] 5}g . of] clwj]zgnfO{ sfe|]nL hgtfsf] ;d[l4;Fu klg hf]8]sf 5f}+ . xfdLn] ljutdf ;DkGg u/]sf sfo{x?sf] d"Nof+sg ug{]5f}+ . ;dLIff ug]{5f}+ . s] s] ug{ afFsL 5g\ To;sf] klg of]hgf agfpg]5f}+ . csf{] s'/f lhNnf clwj]zgdf !$ ;o k|ltlglwx? x'g]5g\ . o;df $) k|ltzt dlxnf k|ltlglwx? x'g] ;'lglZrt u/]sf 5f}+ . To:t} blnt ;d'bfoaf6 klg of] clwj]zgdf pNn]Vo ;xeflutf /xg]5 . o;}n] xfdL s] s'/fsf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ rfxG5f}+ eg] of] kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj lgdf{0fdf / lg0f{o k|lqmofdf xfdLn] ;a} ju{ / k5fl8 kfl/Psf] ju{nfO{ klg ;'lgZrt ug{ rfxG5f}+ . ;of] clwj]zgdf zlQmk|b{zg ug{

/fhg e't{]n ;lrjfno ;b:o

g]skf Pdfn] nfluPsf] xf] < :jefljs ?kdf g]skf Pdfn] @# xhf/ kf6L{ ;b:o /x]sf] kf6L{ xf] . sfo{stf{ txdf w]/} g} afFsL * k]hdf

g]skf Pdfn]

4casf] Pdfn] / Pdfn]df tkfO{sf] e"ldsf s] xf] < casf] Pdfn] eGg] kf6L{ g} /fi6« lgdf{0fsf] cleoGtf xf] . k':tf ?kfGt/0fsf] ;+jfxs xf] . k':tf ?kfGt/0f ug{] qmddf Pdfn]n] af]s]sf] P]h]08f hgtfsf] ;d[l4nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ hgtfdfem k'¥ofpg] cleofgdf xfdL nflu k/]sf 5f}+ . ljsf;sf] cf/De g]skf Pdfn]sf] ;/sf/n] ;'? u/]sf] 5 . lxhf] sfe|] lhNnf / cfhsf] sfe|] lhNnfdf w]/} km/s cfPsf] 5 . ljsf; s;n] u¥of] eGg] s'/f hgtfsf] ;fd' huhfx]/ g} 5 . of] h;n] ;'? u¥of] o;nfO{ uGtJodf k'¥ofpg] sfd klg g]skf Pdfn]sf] xf] . rfx] ;/sf/df /xFbf xf];\ rfx] k|ltkIfdf /xFbf xf];\ .

4Pdfn] kf6L{ JolQmjfbL eof], ljkIfLx?n] cf]nLj]zg elg/x]sf] cj:yf 5 lg < xfdL b]zel/sf sfo{stf{ k|ltlglw ;fyLx?n] dxflwj]zgnfO{ h'g ?kdf k|:t't u¥of], ;kmntf agfof] Tof] P]ltxfl;s 5 . ljZj ;+rf/ hutn] glhsaf6 lgofn]sf] 5 . ToxfF sxfF cf]nLdo eof] / < xfd|f ;fyLx?n] nf]stflGqs 9+uaf6 dxflwj]zgnfO{ ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .

4;8sdf hgtf ptfb{}df eJo dxflwj]zg eGg] clg k|ltlglwd"ns ubf{ rflxF dxflwj]zg ug{ g;s]sf] eGg]

l6Kk0fL ug{ ;lsG5 < dxflwj]zg eg]sf] h;/L g]skf Pdfn]n] ;DkGg u¥of}+ . To;n] casf] g]kfnL /fhgLlts cfsfzdf ca g]skf Pdfn] afx]ssf] c? /fhgLlts bn 5}g eGg] rflxF k|dfl0ft u/]sf] xf] . ca k|ltlglwd"ns eg]klg h] eg] klg pxfFx? Pp6f xf]6ndf a;]/ s] sfd cx|fpF5 eg]/ ;'Gg cft'/ ePsf a;]sfx? g]kfnL hgtfsf] dgf]efjgfdf k|j]z u/]/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] dg lht]/ cfkm\gf] dxflwj]zg ;DkGg ug{ ;Sg] x}l;ot 5}g eg]/ k|dfl0ft ul/;s]sf] 5 .

4ePsf bnx? Psflt/ / g]skf Pdfn] dfq} Psflt/ x'Fbf g]skf Pdfn]n] ;f]r]sf] ;d[l4 ;Dej 5 < cfsfzdf gf}nfv tf/fx? x'G5g\ . t/ Pp6f w|'jtf/fsf] dfq} lsg rrf{ x'G5 < g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts Oltxf;df g]skf Pdfn] Pp6f w'|jtf/f h:t} 5n{Ë 5 . To;}n] xfdLn] clVtof/L u/] s f] uGtJo s' g } /fhgLlts bn agfpg xf]Og . xfdLn] cfd g]kfnLsf] ;d[l4sf s'/f u/]sf 5f}+ . g]kfnsf] ;du| ljsf;sf] s'/f u/]sf 5f}+ . To;sf/0f of] ;Dej klg 5 . casf lbgdf g]kfnL hgtfsf] /f]hfO{ g]skf Pdfn] x'g]5 . casf] ;a} k|sf/sf] lgjf{rgdf g]kfnL hgtfn] g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ ef]6 lbG5g\ eGg] ljZjf; 5 .

4lhNnf clwj]zgsf] ;Gbe{df tkfO{sf] e"ldsf s] xf] < casf] lhNnf clwj]zgdf kf6L{sf ;DdfggLo k"j{ k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLaf6 g} && j6} lhNnfnfO{

;Daf]wg ug{] u/L sfo{qmd to u/]sf 5f}+ . sfe|]nL hgtfn] sfe|]df klg cfh;Dd s'g}klg /fhgLlts bnn] gu/]sf] hg;fu/ pnf{P/ sfe|]af6 of] ;Gb]z lbFb}5f}+ . sfe|]sf ^ j6} If]qdf g]skf Pdfn]sf] ljho ;'lglZrt 5 eGg] ;Gb]z klg xfdL lbg rfxG5f}+ . xfdL h;/L lxhf] d'n's e/L /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o hutdf b]z Pdfn]do 5 eGg] ;Gb]z lbof}+ Tof] ;Gb]z sfe|]af6 km]/L lbFb}5f}+ . o;sf] nflu xfd|f x/]s hg;+u7gx? kl/rflnt 5g\ . !# j6} kflnsfsf g]tf sfo{stf{ cxf]/fq nfluk/]sf 5g\ . x/]s 7fpFaf6 sfe|]nL hgtfx?af6 clwj]zg ;kmn kfg{'k5{ eGg] ;Gb]z kfPsf 5f}+ . ;DejtM of] clwj]zg P]ltxfl;s x'g]5 .

4clwj] z gsf] ;Gbe{ d f sfe| ] s f] ljsf;sf] P]h]08f s] x'g]5 < xfdL nf]stflGqs kl/kf6LnfO{ cF u fNg] , k| h ftGqnfO{ ljZjf; ug{] kf6L{ ePsf]n] xfdLnfO{ g]t[Tjsf] ljifodf Tolt 7"nf] ;d:of cfpF5 h:tf] nfUb}g . ljsf;sf] s'/f ug{] xf] eg] ljsf;sf] ;+jfxs g} g]skf Pdfn] xf] . cfheGbf !) jif{ cufl8sf] sfe|] lhNnf / clxn]sf] sfe|] lhNnf lgofNg] xf] eg] w]/} ljsf;sf sfdx? ePsf 5g\ . ;8s ;~hfnx? k|z:t} 5g\ . of] ;a} ug{] g]skf Pdfn] xf] .

JolQmut ?kdf eGg] xf] eg] c;n k':tf lgdf{0fsf] ;+jfxssf] ?kdf k|:t't x'g rfxG5 Pdfn] . d]/f] gf/f g} 5– c;n k':tfsf] lgdf{0f /]zd nfdfsf] cleofg . :jR5 5lj ePsf lgisn+lst JolQmn] dfq} /fhgLlt ug{'k5{, To:tf] JolQmnfO{ dfq 5fGg' k5{ eGg] ;Gb]z lbgnfO{ d x/]s 3/df k'Ug] k|of; ul//x]sf] 5' .

3/ 3/ r'Nx] lgDtf k'¥ofPsf 5f}+ OGb| tfdfª

pk ;lrj Pj+ ;+of]hs

g]skf lhNnf sld6L sfe|] tyf k|rf/ k|;f/ pk;ldlt ;!) cf}+ lhNnf clwj]zgsf] k|rf/ k|;f/sf] tof/L s;/L eO/x]sf] 5 < g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) cf}+ lhNnf clwj]zg ;'Gb/ gu/L w'lnv]nsf] /+uzfnfdf x'Fb} 5 . To;sf] pb\3f6gsf lglDt kf6L{sf >4]o cWoIf s= s]kL zdf{ cf]nL cfpg' x'g]5 . o;y{ xfd|f] k|rf/ sfo{nfO{ ljleGg ;+rf/sf] dfWodx?af6, lgdGq0ff sf8{dfkm{t, ;fdflhs ;~hfn, ;~rf/ dfWod dfkm{t lta|tfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fPsf 5f} . ;!) cf}+ clwj]zgnfO{ s;/L lng'ePsf] 5 < km/s s] 5 < o;df km/s s] 5 eg] ;dosf] ult ;Fu} of] clwj]zgnfO{ km/s / /f}gstf lbg] lx;fan] cufl8 al9/x]sf 5f}+ . of] jif{ lgjf{rgdf cln leGgtf NofPsf 5f}+ . of] k6s xfdLn] xfO6]s k|ljlwdfkm{t ef]l6ª d]l;gaf6 r'gfj x'g]5 . xfdLn] gofF 9+un] d~rx? ;hfj6 b]lv lnP/ dtbfg ug{] tf}/tl/sf, k|ltlglwsf] So"cf/ sf]8 ;lxtsf] Joj:yf u/]sf 5f}+ . xfdLn] clwj]zgdf cfpg] kf6L{sf z'elrGts ;dy{sx?dfem sfe|]n] g]skf Pdfn] ;/sf/ cfPsf] a]nfdf s] s] sfd u¥of] eGg] ljifodf / sfe|]sf g]tfx? ;Qfdf k'u] kl5 sfe|]sf] ;du| ljsf;df s] s] of]ubfg u/] eGg] ljifodf ;fgf] 8s'd]G6«L klg k]z ug{] 5f}+ . o;/L g} xfdL gofF 9+un] cufl8 al9/x]sf 5f}+ . ;kl5Nnf] ;do gs ] kf Pdfn] kf6L{ km6's ] f] cj:yf klg 5, o; ;Gbed{f km/s vfnsf] ;Gbz ] lbg] sl]x ofh ] gf 5 < ;j{k|yd t kf6L{ km'6]sf] eg]/ eGg ldNb}g . lsgeg] kf6L{ km'6\bf y'k|} gf]S;fg x'GYof] . xfd|f] kf6L{ km'6]sf] xf]Og eGg] hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5' . kf6L{df s]lx ;fyLx?

aflxl/Psf leGg ePsf dfq x'g\ . sfe|]sf] ;Gbe{df eGg] xf] eg] ^# hgfsf] lhNnf sld6Ldf hDdf # hgf dfG5]x? dfq 5'l§Psf] xf] . t/klg s]lx ;fyLx? aflxl/Fbf s]lx gf]S;fg eg] ePsf] 5 . ca of] gf]S;fg

ePsf]nfO{ k"0f{tf lbgsf] nflu gofF lsl;daf6 kf6L{ Pstf tkm{ cufl8 a9]sf 5f}+ . ;kf}if @# ut] x'g] clwj]zgn] klg s] b]vfpg rfx]sf] 5 eg] kf6L{df km'6 xf]Og ;fdfGo dfG5]x? 6'lqmPsf uPsf x'g\ eGg] hfgsf/L lbg]5 . olt w]/} hgdfg; hDdf lsg ug{'k¥of] < kf6L{ eg]sf] Pp6f e/f];f / cf:yfsf] s]Gb| xf] . g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]n] s] s] ub{} 5 t sfe|]sf] ;Gbe{df sfe|]sf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf < eGg] s'/fx?nfO{ ;a} z'elrGtsx?sf] aLrdf Pp6f ;"rgf lbg], t/+u l;h{gf ug{] lx;fan] xfdLn] Tof] sfo{qmdnfO{ gofF lx;fan] ug{ uO/x]sf 5f}+ . ;clwj]zg ;Gbe{df ljutsf] cg'ej / gofF tof/L s] s] x'Fb}5 < & jif{sf] cGt/fndf xfdLn] !) cf}+ lhNnf clwj]zg ug{ nflu/x]sf 5f}+ . of] lardf ljleGg lsl;daf6 kf6L{ Pstf 6'6km'6 cflb OToflbaf6 xfdL ufFlhPsf] cj:yf lyof] . of] clwj]zgn] kf6L{ sfdnfO{ u|fdL0f ;d'bfodf kf6L{sf z' e lrGtsx?sf] lxhf] s f lardf /f]lsPsf sfdnfO{ hf]8\b} hfg] / ljsf;sf sfdx?df Pp6f vfsf agfpg] 5f}+ . sfe|] lhNnf s] s] eof] ca s] s] ug{ afFsL 5 <

afFsL sfdx?sf] vfsf agfP/ !) cf}+ lhNnf clwj]zgn] To;nfO{ cg'df]bg ug{}5f}+ . sfe|] lhNnfdf afFsL /x]sf sfdx?sf] ;"rL agfpg] 5f}+ of]hgf agfpg] 5f} / clwj]zgaf6 kfl/t u/]/ sfe|]nfO{ Pp6f ;d[4 agfpg] s'/fdf of] clwj]zg sfdofjL x'g]5 eGg] xfd|f] 7x/ 5 . ;g]t[Tj s;/L rog x'G5 < xfdLn] gofF 9+uaf6 g]t[Tj rog ug{]5f}+ . h;df b'O{j6f ljlwx? /x]sf 5g\ .

Pp6f ;j{;Ddtsf] ljlw / r'gfjL k|lt:kwf{sf] ljlw . dnfO{ nfU5 sfe|] lhNnfsf] bzf}+ clwj]zgdf g]t[Tj rogdf Tolt w]/} nkm8f x'b}g . ljjfb x'Fb}g . ;sfe|]sf gful/sx?nfO{ s;/L lgdGq0ff ug{'ePsf] 5 < !# j6} Sni6/sf kf6L{sf cWoIfx? / j8fsf cWoIfx? dfkm{t lhNnfsf ;a} 3/ 3/df r'Nx] lgDtf k'¥ofPsf 5f} . clxn] kf6L{sf] !# j6} Sni6/dWo] klg ! ;o #% j8fx?df xfd|f] sld6Lx? alg;s]sf x'gfn] Tof] sld6Lx?n] xfd|f ;dy{s z'elrGts / dtbftfx?sf] aLrdf lgdGq0ff sf8{ k'¥ofO{ ;Sg' ePsf] 5 . sf8{ gk'Ug]x?nfO{ ;+rf/dfWod / ;fdflhs ;~hfn dfkm{t sfo{qmdf ;xeflu x'g clkn ul/Psf] 5 . ; afFsL * k]hdf

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

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qm=; gfd÷y/ j8f g+k|= ultlzn k]zfut sfg'g Joj;foL ! d/Lrdfg nfdf ! ;+u7g @ ;Todfg tfdfª ! $^ dw';'bg jfUn] k|ultlzn # t]h a nfdf ! k]zfut sfg'g Joj;foL ;+u7g $ b]ljsf :ofªtfg ! $& /fh]Gb| yfkf\ g]kfn /fli6o % gGb s'df/L ;'gf/ ! e'tk'j{ k|x/L tyf ;}lgs ;+u7g ^ t]h a yfkf @ $* ch'{g jxfb'/ uf}td g]kfn & alatf af]xf]/f @ /fli6o e'tk'j{ k|xl/ tyf ;}lgs * kf]t] nfdf @ ;+u7g ( ;ljtf ;]Gr'/L @ %( ;fg' e'h]n du/ g]kfn !) ;'g axfb'/ ab}{jf @ cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;+3 !! ho a= nfdf @ %) ;f]ljt tfdffª g]kfn !@ PSsf axfb'/ nfdf # cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;+3 !# j]ln dfofF nfdf # %! 8Dj/ jxfb'/ nfdfg]kfn !$ v8\s a= /fpt # cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;+3 !% ª]df bf; nfdf # %@ pHHjn cof{n k|ultlzn !^ l;tf lj=s # O{lGlhlgo;{ o;f]l;o;g k|ultlzn !& ;fg'dfof nfdf # %# /fhg Gof}kfg] !* e/t l;+ nfdf $ O{lGlhlgo;{ o;f]l;o;g !( :ofdnfn tfdfª $ %$ j;Gt s'j+/ dfgj clwsf/ @) ljGbf l/hfn $ onfPG; @! d]3 nfdf $ %% lht/fd nfdf dfgj clwsf/ @@ ;Gh'dfof tfdfª $ onfPG; @# k|ldnf nfdf $ %^ l/tf dfgGw/ dfgj clwsf/ @$ ;'lgn lj=s $ onfPG; @% ;'/]z nfdf % %& e'jg /fodfemL k|]; rf}tf/L @^ of]u rGb| nfdf % %* ;hgf cfrfo{ k|]z rf}tf/L @& dfOnf nfdf % %( ;l/tf ;fksf]6f k|]z rf}tf/L @* ;'o{dfof nfdf % ^) lk ltdlN;gf :jf:Yosld{ ;+3 @( ladnf sfdL % ^! /fhbf; sfkm\n] :jf:Yosld{ ;+3 #) a'l4dfof ljs % ^@ cf/ 3f]n] :jf:Yosld{ ;+3 #@ x/L s'df/ d}gfnL ^ ^# g]q j:g]t hg;+u7g ^$ k'Go k|;fb sf]O/fnf hg;+u7g ## tf/fgfy pk|]tL ^ #$ ;l/tf la=s ^ ^% >Lhgf nfld5fg] hg;+u7g #% ;'s dfg tfdfª ^ rf}/L b]p/fnL uf=kf= #^ l/tf tfdfª ^ qm=; gfd÷y/ j8f g+= #& b]a lj=s ^ ! an/fd 9'+ufgf ^ #* ob'/fd bhL{ & * #( r l 0 8 s f r f } n f u f O { @ lg/~hg sF8]n # s[i0f a= a'9fyf]sL % g]kfnL & $ bLks rf}+nfufO{ ^ $) /df uf}td & % lai0f'dfof uf}td ^ $! df]xg a tfdfª & ^ OGb| dfof of]~hg # & a;GtL uf}td ^ $@ dfOnf l;+ tfdfª & * ;'lgn s'df/ nfdf ! $# s/0f nfdf & ( hLjg v/]n ! $$ 7'nL sfG5L la=s * !) pdfb]jL v/]n ! $% lbg]z a/fOnL * !! Rod sfsL{ 9f]nL -laho_! $^ s]z/L dfof tfdfª * !@ b]jLdfof >]i7 @ !# ofbj /fh e08f/L @ $& pld{nf tfdfª * !$ 6]s axfb'/ nfdf @ $* rGbg nfdf * !% hLjg >]i7 @ $( ;f]d axfb'/ huf{ du/ * !^ uh]Gb| kl/of/ @ %) ;+ud nfdf * !& s[i0f k|=rf}+nfufO{ # !* pk]Gb| s'df/ l3l;ª # %! rf]q a lrtf}/] du/ ( !( k|sfz rf}+nfufO{ # %@ d]3 a nfdf ( @) a'4 bf]h]{ nfdf # %# sfG5fdfg nfdf -h]zg _( @! s'df/L dfof nfdf # %$ /ljg clwsf/L ( @@ pdfb]jL rf}+nfufO{ # @# u+uf kl/of/ # %% cS6/ UofNaf] bf]ª ( @$ /fh s'df/ uf}td $ %^ ;fu/ nfdf ( @% l;+x axfb'/ nfdf $ %& lgd/fh nfdf ( @^ lnnf gfy uf}td $ %* /d]z s'df/ g]kfnL ( @& ;fljqL cfrfo{ $ @* /fh s' d f/ a' 9 fyf] s L % %( lgd{nf lj s ( @( s'0f/fh rf}+nfufO{ ^) b'uf{ clwsf/L ( bLks_ % ^! l;;d >]i7 dn]ktL ( #) /fh]Gb| uf}td % ^@ z'l:dtf df]Qmfg ( #! c?0f uf}td % ^# x/L s'df/ ;fksf]6f !) #@ d~h' uf}td % ## ;flalq km' o F fn % ^$ ldng /+ufnL !) #$ s]z/L k|;fb uf}td ^ ^% 6'Ns' lj=s !) #% bLks uf}td ^ ^^ ;/:jtL v/]n d}gfnL !) #^ e'k]Gb| afF:sf]6f ^ ^& ;fu/ /fofdfemL gj/fh !! #& /]zd k|= rf}+nfufO{ ^ ^ ^* ;'af]w /fofdfemL !! #* cs'/ uf}td ^ ^( rGb|dfof tfdfª !! #( xf]d k|= uf}td $) l8NnL k|= rf}+nfufO{ ^ &) km'ndfof tfdfª !! $! /flwsf uf}td ^ &! x/L a sfdL !! $@ /]0f'sf rf}+nfufO{ ^ ^ &@ sNkgf g]kfnL !! $# h'n'd kl/of/ & &# /f]zg s'df/ tfdfª !@ $$ 8Da/ a=nfdf $% g] q k| ; fb uf} t d & &$ /fh' /fofdfemL !@ $^ uf]df uf}td & &% k|ltdf v8\sf $& ;'lbk yfkf * /fodfemL !@ $* ;'/h /fh kGt * * &^ sfG5fdfg tfdfª !@ $( xl/z/0f v/]n %) /d]z kx/L * && b]a ;fu/ nfdf ( %! kfj{tL v/]n kf08] * &* lg/Wjh nfdf % %@ ;flaqL sF8]n * &( ljsf; nfdf ^ %# k|lbk kl/of/ * %$ 9s k|;fb uf}td ( *) hgd tfdfª ( %% Zofd s'df/ nfdf ( *! ldgf tfdfª ( %^ 8f]Nd' nfdf ( *@ 7'nLdfof nfdf @ %& /fh]Gb| k|= rf}+nfufO{+ ! *# af6'nL dugL{ # %* lbks kl/of/ %

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @* c+s !! @)&* kf}if @@ ut] ljxLjf/

g]t[Tj rog;“u} lhNnfsf] vfsf sf]g{]5f}+

czf]s Jof~h", cWoIf g]skf Pdfn] sfe|] kf}if @# ut] ef]nL clwj]zg x'“b}5, of] clwj]zgn] gof“ g]t[Tj dfq} 5fGg] xf] ls s]lx km/s 5 < g]skf Pdfn]sf] ljwfg cg';f/ xfdLn] ef]nL kf}if @# ut] w' l nv] n sf] /+ u zfnfdf lhNnf clwj]zg ub{}5f}+ . hxfF k"j{ k|wfgdGqL Pj+ g]skf Pdfn]sf >4]o g]tf s]kL zdf{ cf]nLsf] k|d'v cfltYotf x'g]5 . sfe|] lhNnfsf !# j6} kflnsfaf6 ljzfn hg;d'bfosf] pkl:ylt clwa]zgdf /xg]5 . hxfFaf6 xfdL sfe|] lhNnfsf] g]skf Pdfn]sf] /fhgLlts ;+u7g / klxrfgnfO{ ;a}sf ;fd' pkl:yt u/fpg] 5f}+ . g]kfnsf >dhLjL hgtf, dhb'/ ls;fg, cflbjf;L, lk5l8Psf] ju{, ;dfhsf ljkGg ju{, lk5l8Psf] 7fpFx?sf] ljsf;sf] lglDt g]skf Pdfn]n] nfdf] ;dob]lv lgjf{x u/]sf] e"ldsfsf] kl/j]znfO{ s]lGb|t u/]/ ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf] If]qdf l;+uf] b]z / g]skf Pdfn]n] lnPsf] ljrf/sf] sfo{ef/nfO{ lhNnfsf] ;Gbe{df ;a}sf ;fd' sfe|] lhNnfdf g]skf Pdfn]sf] k|lta4tf / lhDd]jf/LnfO{ k|i6\ofpg] 5f}+ . efjL sfo{of]hgf klg tof/ ug{] 5f}+ . casf] @) jif{ leq sfe|] lhNnfnfO{ pTs[i6 agfpg /0fgLlts of]hgf agfp5Ff}+ . sfo{qmlds ?kdf s:tf ljsf;sf of]hgfx?, s:tf cfGbf]ngsf ljifox?, ;Eotf / ;:Fs[lt lgdf{0fsf nflu xfdLn] oxfFsf hgtfx?sf] hLjgnfO{ cfly{s, ;fdflhs ?kdf ;DkGg agfpg], oxfs F f o'jf ju{x?sf] e"ldsf / hLjGt ultnfO{ ;do ;fk]If ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f If]qdf ;xefuL u/fpg], dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghfltx? ;d]tsf] b[li6sf]0fnfO{ k|i6 kf/]/ xfdLn] Pp6f ljsf;sf] /f]8Dofk tof/ ug{]5f}+ . /fhgLlts ?kdf ;zQm g]skf Pdfn]sf] pkl:ylt afudtL k|b]zs} ;aeGbf a9L ;b:o ;+Vof ePsf] sfe|] lhNnf kfPsf 5f}+ . o;eGbf cufl8 nueu * xhf/ ;+ul7t ;b:o ;+Vof /x]sf]df clxn] @@ xhf/ ;b:o ;+Vof k'u]sf] 5 . :yfgLo r'gfjdf klg & j6f kflnsfdf g]skf Pdfn]n] ljho xfl;n u/]sf lyP . sfe|] lhNnfnfO{ g]skf Pdfn]do agfpg] cleofgdf of] clwj]zgdf ;kmn x'g]5 . g]skf Pdfn]sf] clwj]zg && j6} lhNnfdf eO/x]sf] 5 . sfe|] lhNnfdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf >4]o cWoIf s= s]kL cf]nL g} ;xeflu x'g] ePsfn] klg xfdLnfO{ xf};nf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . w'lnv]nsf] 6l'F8v]ndf of] sfo{qmd ;DkGg xb'F} 5 . To;kl5 xfdL w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ;efxn leq aGb ;q ;+rfng ug{]5f}+ . To:t} gofF sfo{;ldltsf] k|lqmofdf klg xfdL hfg]5f}+ . o;df xfdLn] /fhgLlts / ;f+u7lgs k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug{]5f}+ . l;+uf] sfe|] lhNnfsf] g]skf Pdfn]n] ef]lnsf] lbgdf lgjf{x ug{'kg{] e"ldsf / o;sf] ;zQmtfsf]

nflu xfdL lgisif{df k'Ug]5f}+ . of] lgisif{n] cf;Gg lbgx?df g]skf Pdfn]sf] Pp6f sfo{ lhDd]jf/LnfO{ :ki6tf kfg{]5 . clwjz ] g tof/L sxf“ kU'of] < %) xhf/sf] ;V + ofdf gful/s ptfg]{ eGge ' Psf] 5, o;n] s] ;Gbz ] lbG5 < g]skf Pdfn]sf] lhNnf sld6Lsf] a}7sn] d"n ;df/f]x ;ldlt u7g u/]sf 5f}+ . o;df d]/} cWoIftfdf d"n cfof]hs ;df/f]x ;ldlt u7g ePsf] 5 . cfof]hs ;ldlt kZrft OGb| tfdfªsf] cWoIftfdf k|rf/k|;f/ ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . o;df k|rf/ k|;f/ s;/L ug{] eGg] ;DaGwL vfsfsf ;fy sfd eO{/x]sf] 5 . To:t} s~rg clwsf/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf hgkl/rfng ;ldlt u7g u/]sf 5f}+ . cfly{s tyf /fhgLlts k|ltj]bg ;ldlt d]/} cWoIftfdf /x]sf] 5 .

To;}u/L sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{sf] nflu cfjf; ;ldlt u7g u/]sf 5f}+ . o;df d~r Joj:yfkg nufotsf sfdx? e}/x]sf 5g\ . kf}if !) ut] j8f el/sf k|ltlglwx? 5gf}6 eO{;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . sl/a !$ ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf k|ltlglwx? xfd|f] kf6L{sf] j8f txdf gu/ txaf6 ljleGg If]qx?af6 k|ltlglwTj u/fpg] 5f}+ . Tof] sfo{x? cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . of] k6s sfe|] lhNnfdf g]skf Pdfn]sf] lgjf{rgnfO{ ljB'lQo ef]l6ª d]l;g dfkm{t ub{}5f}+ . xfdLn] sfe|] lhNnfdf g]skf Pdfn]sf] lhNnfsf] ;a}eGbf tNnf] txb]lv dflyNnf] tx;Dd ;a} ju{ / If]qx?df g]skf Pdfn]sf] h'g /fhgLlts pkl:ylt 5 Tof] pkl:yltnfO{ ;a}sf ;fd' k|bz{g ug{ vf]lh/x]sf 5f}+ . lsgeg] o;df #÷$ j6f cy{x? /x]sf 5g\ . cf;Gg lbgx?df g]skf Pdfn]sf] /fhgLlts pkl:ylt g} ;jf{]kl/ cfjZos pkl:ylt xf] . o;n] g} sfe|] lhNnfsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{] 5 . ljutsf lbgx?df klg ljleGg ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / ufpFkflnsfdf lhNnfsf] ;du| cfly{s ljsf;, ;fdflhs ljsf;df lgjf{x u/]sf] e"ldsf g]skf Pdfn]n] lgjf{lrt u/]sf k|b]z ;ef;b\, ;+3Lo ;ef;b\ dfggLox? / k"j{ dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] v]Ng' ePsf] e"ldsfn] sfe|] lhNnfsf] ljsf;df gofF cfofd yk]s]f 5 . of] ;dflhs cfGbf]ng / /fhgLlts cfGbf]ngn] sfe|] lhNnfsf] klxrfgnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] / o;sf] >Lj[l4 ug{] sfddf g]skf Pdfn]sf] e"ldsf 5 . To;nfO{ cem a9f]Q/L ug{], ;dfhsf ;a} ju{ / If]qx?sf] cfsif{0f / ;+jfxssf] Pp6f s]Gb|sf] ?kdf o;nfO{ :yflkt ug{] s'/f 5 . csf{] sfe|] lhNnfdf g]skf Pdfn]sf] kf6L{ ljefhg kZrft h'g vfnsf] Pp6f e|d 5 Tof] e|d ;To xf]Og g]skf Pdfn] g} cfhsf] sfe|] lhNnfsf] /fhgLltsf] d"n wf/ xf] / afdkGyL cfGbf]ngsf] cu|b:tf xf] / o;n] /fhgLlts ;+u7gfTds kl/j]zdf s'g}

sdL ePsf] 5}g eGg] vfnsf] s'/f klg ;fljt ug{ rfxG5f} . cf;Gg lbgdf g]skf Pdfn]k|ltsf] ljZjf; / e/f];f 6'6]sf] 5}g km'6]sf] 5}g of] Pstfa4 5 . of] Pstfa4 zlQmk|lt hgtfsf] ljZjf; / e/f];f 5 / o;nfO{ ;anLs[t ug{'k5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . o;sf/0f d}n] cfJxfg ul/;s]sf] 5', ;a} ;+ul7t ;b:ox?, hgk|lglwx?, dlxnf, hghflt, blnt, cflbjf;L, plTkl8t ju{ nufotsf ;a} ju{ If] q af6 afhfufhf ;lxt em\ o fnL;lxt cfkm\ g f] ;d' b fosf] ;fF:s[lts klxrfg ;lxt pkl:yt x'g' x'gsf] nflu cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5' . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] /+uzfnfdf v'Nnf ;q x'Fb}5 . ;DejtM sfe|] lhNnfsf] cfh;Ddsf] /fhgLlts ;fdflhs / hgpkl:yltsf] dfxf]n aGg] 5 . !) cf}+ clwj]zgn] cGo yk s] ;Gb]z lb+b}5 < km/s vfnsf ljifo klg 5g\ ls < km/s eGgfn] xfdLn] xfd|f] /fhgLlts / ;+u7gfTds ?kdf sfd ug{'kg{] lgoldt sfdx? ;Fu;Fu} xfdLn] casf] @) jif{ leq sfe|] lhNnfsf] ljsf; lgdf{0f / ;fdflhs s'/fnfO{ s;/L ;an agfpg] / ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;DkGg, ul/aL lgjf/0f ePsf], ;'zfl;t / :j/f]huf/ l;h{gf ug{] u/L ToxfFsf] pBf]u wGbf Jofkf/ Joj;fo s[lif, ko{6gdf ;a[lns[t ug{] / oxfFsf] hgtfx?sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f ug{ 7"nf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{'k5{ . Tof] sfdsf] ln8/lzk g]skf Pdfn]n] u5{ eGg] p2]Zosf ;fy xfdL ljsf;sf] Pp6f cfwf/ lgdf{0f ug{ vf]lh/x]sf 5f}+ . Tof] lgdf{0fsf] nflu xfdL /0fgLlts of]hgf agfpF5f}+ . xfd|f] /fhgLlts k|lta4tf / ljsf;sf] nflu lxhf] s] u¥of}+ / ca s] ug{ h?/L 5 eGg] vfsf NofpF5f}+ . o;n] kSs} klg casf cf;Gg lbgx?df sfe|] lhNnfsf] /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] lx;fan] g]skf Pdfn]sf] e"ldsfnfO{ ;an / ;zQm agfpFb} 5 . ljut @%÷#) jif{ b]lv g} sfe|] lhNnfdf g]skf Pdfn]sf] /fhgLlts g]t[Tj xfdLn] :yflkt u/]sf 5f}+ . Tof] :yflkt /fhgLlts g]t[Tjn] rfx] Tof] gu/kflnsfdf xf];\ rfx] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf xf];\ rfx] ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf lsg gxf];\ jf ;+;bLo ?kdf lgjf{x ug{] e"ldsfx?n] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] ;an cfwf/ g} g]skf Pdfn]n] :yflkt u/]sf x'g\ . :yflkt u/]sf zlQmnfO{ km]l/ k'g{hfu[t ug{] / gofF o'jf k':tfx?nfO{ ef]lnsf] ln8/zLksf] g]t[TjnfO{ xfdLn] lhDd]jf/Lk"j{s jxg ug{ ;Sg] kl/j]z lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu xfdL a9LeGbf a9L ljsf;sf sfo{df s]lGb|t x'g]5f}+ . ufpFj:tL;Dd ;+u7gsf] dha'b ;zlQms/0f ug{], ;+u7gfTds ?kdf ;an agfpg] / ToxfF /fhgLlts ;zQmtf / pkl:ylt agfpg], ljrf/,

b[li6sf]0f / l;4fGtn] ;dfhdf /x]sf ljkGg ju{x?, sdhf]/ If]qx?, lk5l8Psf ju{x?, ul/a ls;fg dhb'/, >ldssf] If]qdf xfdLn] ug{'kg{] w]/} sfdx? 5g\ . Tof] sfdx? ug{nfO{ xfdLnfO{ ;+u7gfTds k2lt / ljrf/ ;lxtsf] sfo{stf{ / ;zQm sfo{stf{ ef]ln lgdf{0f x'g] g]t[Tjsf] ;anLs[t of]hgf x'g]5 . csf{]s'/f w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf Pp6f ko{6sLo / Jofkfl/s If]q xf] . o;n] oxfFsf] ko{6g ljsf;df Jofkf/Ls If]qx?sf] ;fy / ;xof]u xfdLn] kfO/x]sf 5f}+ . w'lnv]ndf x'g] clwj]zgdf pxfFx?sf] ;b\efj /x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf k|To]s gful/sx?n] klg ;fy lbb} x'g'x'G5 . xfdL g]skf Pdfn]sf] /fhgLlts zlQmn] dfq xf]Og oxfFsf] ;dfh;]jL, a'l4hLjL, Jofkf/L, pBf]uLx?sf] klg ;xof]u / ;b\efj k|fKt ePsf] 5 . o;n] w' l nv] n gu/kflnsfsf] Pstf ;Fu;Fu} l;+uf] sfe|] lhNnfsf g]tf, sfo{stf{ / z'elrGtsx?nfO{ :jfut ug{sf nflu v'zL eP/ a:g'ePsf] 5 . Tof] klg xfdLnfO{ :yfgLo txaf6 cfPsf] Ps lsl;dsf] ;b\efj xf] . g]t[Tj ljsf;sf] nflu :j:y lgjf{rg klg x'Fb}5 . o;df ;xdlt / ;xsfo{nfO{ k|wfgtf lbg]5f}+ .

To;kl5 xfd|f] ;+u7gfTds :j?knfO{ dha'b gofF kl/j]z lgdf{0f ug{]lt/ pGd'v x'g]5f}+ . o;eGbf cufl8 lhNnf clwj]zgn] kf; u/]sf /f]8Dofkx? slt sfof{Gjog eP ePgg\ To;sf] ;dLIff x'G5g\ ls x'Fb}gg\ < g]skf Pdfn]n] cfheGbf !^÷!& jif{ cufl8 klxnf] k6s /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] g]t[Tj lgdf{0f / cfkm\gf] kf6L{ ultljlwx?nfO{ s]lGb|t ub{} ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] vfsf af]Sg' k5{ eg]/ kf6L{sf kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o Pj+ tTsfnLg sfe|]sf g]tf uf]s'n af:sf]6f / xfdLx?sf] g]t[Tjdf sfe|] lhNnfdf l;+rfO{, s[lif, lzIff, :jf:Yo, k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df kf6L{sf] lhNnf clwj]zgaf6 /f]8Dofk k|:t't u/]sf lyof}+ . Tof] k|:t't u/]sf] /f]8Dofkn] clxn] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf] cf}Bf]lus If]qsf s'/f xf];\ rfx] vfg]kfgLsf s'/f xf];\ of ko{6sLo ljsf;sf s'/f x'g\, 8fF8fkf/L hfg] af6f], sf]lzkf/L hfg] af6f], ltdfn hfg] af6f] x'g\ of sfe|] lhNnfnfO{ cfly{s / Jofkf/Ls s]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{], ;fgf–;fgf u|fdL0f If]q vfg]kfgL b]lv lnP/ af6f]3f6f] / ljsf; lgdf{0fsf s'/fx?nfO{ s]lGb|s[t u/]/ ljsf; of]hgf tof/ u/]sf lyof}+ h;n] clxn] ;fsf/ ?k lnPsf] 5 . ca cf;Gg lbgdf cfhsf] k':tf, cfhsf] ;dfh / cfhsf] kl/j]zdf cfhsf] ljsf;sf cfjZostf s] x'g\ xfdLn] s] ug{'k5{ < ;fdflhs pTyfgsf If]qdf xfdLn] s] ug{'k5{ < :jf:Yosf If]qdf s] ug{'k5{ < s[lif pTkfbgsf] If]qnfO{ a9fjf lbg s] ug{'k5{ < ko{6sLo ljsf;sf nflu s] ug{] < P]ltxfl;s :ynx? 5g\, wfld{s :ynx? 5g\, ltgLx?df s] ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] lx;fadf xfdL nflu k/]sf 5f}+ . !# j6} kflnsfx?df Pp6f kflnsfdf % j6f s]lGb|o sfo{qmd, Pp6f j8fdf @ j6f j8f :t/Lo sfo{qmd / l;+uf] !# j6f kflnsf dWo] cfly{s ?kdf s'g kflnsfdf cfly{s ?kn] cufl8 a9\g'k5{ < ;f:Fs[lts ?kdf s'g kflnsf cufl8 a9\g'k5{, cf}Bf]lus ?kdf s'g kflnsf cufl8 a9\g'k5{ < eGg] s'/ftkm{ cufl8 al9/x]sf 5f}+ . lbuf] ljsf;sf] nIo ;g\ @)#) ;Dd k|fKt ug{] eg]sf lyof}+ Tof] ;do leq ul/aL lgjf/0f ePsf] sfe|] lhNnf lzIff, :jf:Yo, s[lif, ko{6gdf ;kmn eP/ gofF cfoflds s'/fdf cl3 a9\g] xfd|f] p2]Zo 5 . p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu o; k6s klg Jofks 5nkmn, a'l4hLjL;Fu k/fdz{, ljifo lj1;Fu 5nkmn u/]/ cf;Gg lbgdf g]skf Pdfn]n] sfe|]nfO{ cfly{s ;DkGg / ;fF:s[lts cf}Bf]lus ko{6sLo / s[lifdf cfTdlge{/ ePsf] lhNnfsf] ?kdf n}hfg] of]hgfdf 5f}+ . k|ltlglwx?aLr x'g] k|lt:kwf{ s]Gb|df em} ;"rL 3f]if0ff ul/G5 ls v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{sf nflu :jtGq 5fl8 lbg'x'G5 < g]skf Pdfn] Pp6f k|hftflGqs k2lt / k|df0fn] ljZjf; ug{] kf6L{ xf] To;sf/0f xfdLn] cfhsf] o'unfO{ x]bf{ v]/L xfd|f] b]zsf] jr{:j

eg]s]f o'jf hdft hghflt, cflbjf;L, dlxnf, / ;LdfGts[tx?sf] 5 . ;dfhdf /fhgLlts r]tgf ePsf ;fdflhs cfGbf]ngsf ljljw If]qdf cfkm\gf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{] hg;d'bfosf] ;femf km'naf/L xf] g]skf Pdfn] . Tof] km'naf/L leq xfdLn] oxfF s f a' l 4hLjL, ;dfh;]jL o'jfju{, dlxnf, blnt, hghflt, ;LdfGts[t, lk5l8Psf If]q / /fhgLlts ?kdf of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf kfsf JolQmx?sf] klg ;femf ;+:yf ePsf sf/0f o;df ;a} lsl;dsfn] g]t[Tj lng ;S5 / Tof] g]t[Tjn] ;an sfe|] lhNnf agfpF5 eGg] s'/f xfdLnfO{ cfTdljZjf; ePsf] sf/0fn] xfdLn] o;nfO{ :jtGq ?kdf g} k|lt:kwf{Tds k|0ffnL hfg] of]hgf 5 . xfdLn] ef]l6ª d]l;gaf6 pQm lgjf{rg u/fpFb}5f}+ tfsL rfF8f] eGbf rfF8f] kl/0ffd cfcf];\ . lj:tf/} ln8/ lzknfO{ Ifdtfjfg\ / k|lt4G4L kf6L{ x ?;F u /fhgLlts ?kdf ;+u7gfTds ?kdf, j}rfl/s ?kdf, ljsf;sf] lx;fan] Tof] k|lt:kwf{df ;an x'g ;Sg] g]t[Tj lgdf{0f x'g ;S5 . clxn] lgjf{lrt x'g] sld6L ! ;o % hgfsf] 5 Tof] lgjf{lrt x'g] zlQm /fhgLlts g]t[Tj k|ltkIfx?sf] nflu klg r'gf}tL lbg ;Sg] cfˆgf kf6L{sf] ljrf/ l;4fGt / bz{gx?nfO{ ;dfhdf :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg], sfe|] lhNnfnfO{ /fli6«o klxrfg lbg ;Sg] jftfj/0f aGg'k5{ . sfe|] lhNnfsf dflg;x? b]zsf] s'gfsfKrfdf lkmlhP/ a;]sf 5g\ . pxfFx? klg Tof] dxflwj]zgdf cfpg'x'g]5 . xfdLn] g]t[TjnfO{ k|lt:kwf{df n}hfG5f} h;n] ubf{ sfo{stf{n] dg k/fPsf], sfo{stf{n] ljZjf; u/]sf] g]t[Tj lgdf{0f ug{] / Tof] g]t[Tj sfo{stf{ k|lt Odfgbf/ ePsf] kf6L{ agfpg'kg{]5 . sfo{stf{ / g]tfx? ljrf/k|lt ;+u7gk|lt cf:yfjfg\ / k|lta4 klg ePsf] x'g'k5{ . ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv g]skf Pdfn]sf] h'g g]t[Tj eof] sfo{stf{x? lgdf{0f eP o;n] ;dfhdf v]n]sf] h'g e"ldsf 5 Tof] ljutdf u/]sf s'/fx?nfO{ klg lg/Gt/tf lbg] gofF cfoflds ljsf;sf of]hgf / /fhgLlts zlQm lgdf{0f ug{], ;dfhk|lt pQ/bfloTj /x]sf] s'/fnfO{ g]t[Tj lgdf{0fdf k|fyldstf lbb}5f+} . csf{]s'/f /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGwx? klg cfjZos 5 . lsgeg] sfe|]lhNnfsf] dfq ah]6n] ljsf; ;Dej 5}g . of] b]zsf] ;+3Lo ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ / :yfgLo txsf] kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg] /fli6«o cGt/f{li6o l:yltnfO{ klg ;'wf/ ug{ ;Sg] g]t[Tj lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . o;}n] xfd|f e"ldsfx? ;zQm x'g] Ifdtfjfg\ of]Uo / v6\g ;Sg] g]t[Tjsf] lgdf{0f ug{'k5{ eGg] s'/fnfO{nfO{ k|wfgtfdf /fv]sf 5f}+ . gjf}+ lhNnf clwj]zgdf klg olx vfnsf] k|lt:kwf{ ePsf] lyof], clxn] Tof] g]t[Tj g} knfog ePsf] cj:yf 5 lg x}g / < /fhgLlt hgtfsf] nflu ug{] xf] . /fhgLlt JolQmsf nflu ug{] xf] eg] JolQmn] ;dfhnfO{ ljl;{G5 . /fhgLltdf ju{k|lt Odfgbf/ x'g'k5{ . Odfgbf/Ltf 5f]8]/ JolQmut :jfy{df lx8] eg] dfG5] lalu|G5 . xfdLn] slxn]sfFxL ;dfhnfO{ lxts/ x'g;S5 eg]sf] dfG5] lxts/ x'Fb}g . slxn]sflxF ;dfhn] ln8/zLk lrGg ;Sb}g . slxn] ln8/n] ;dfh lrGb}g . To:tf] kl/l:ylt / kl/j]zdf cfˆgf] JolQmut :jfy{ / l;+uf] ;dfh ?kfGt/0fsf] lhDd]jf/Laf6 ljrlnt ePkl5 ;a}eGbf ;fgf] dfG5] klg lau|G5 7"nf] dfG5] klg lau|G5 . Tof] kl/l:ylt / kl/j]zn] slxn]sflxF dflg;nfO{ lauf5{ . xfdL sxfFlg/ ;r]t x'g h?/L 5 eg] wg gx'Fbfsf] dflg;sf] h'g hLjg k2lt 5 wg e};s]kl5 cx+sf/ k}bf x'G5 3d08 k}bf x'G5 . kb kfPkl5 kbdf klg cx+sf/ k}bf x'G5 . 1fg gx'Fbf eGbf 1fg k|flKt kl5 klg cx+sf/ k}bf x'G5 . t/ cx+sf/n] ktgsf] af6f]df k'¥ofpF5 . xfdLn] k|fKt ug{] hgzlQm, hgtfsf] dfof / ljZjf; eg]sf] ;dfh ?kfGt/0fsf] lhDd]jf/L xf] . cfbz{ k'?ifnfO{ hgtfn] ljZjf; u/]sf] x'G5 . Tof] cfbz{ JolQm aGg ;s]g eg] Tof] :vlnt x'G5 . slxn] sflxF g]t[Tj xfdLn] 7Ls eg]sf x'G5f}+ t/ Tof] l7s ePsf] x'Fb}g . t/ Tof] l:ylt gcfpg\ eGg] lx;fan] casf] ;dodf g]t[Tjsf] Ifdtf / of]UotfnfO{ klxrfg ug{ ;Sg] sfo{stf{ xfd|f] aLrdf 5 .

To;n] klxrfg u/]/ g]t[Tj lbg]5 .

To;sf/0f lxhf]sf] s'/fx? l;s]/ cufl8 a9\g'k5{ .

oL x'g\ Pdfn] sfe|]sf k|ltlglw kgf}tL g=kf= qm=;+= ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( !) !! !@ !# !$ !% !^ !& !* !( @) @! @@ @# @$ @% @^ @& @* @( #) #! #@ ## #$ #% #^ #& #* #( $) $! $@ $# $$ $% $^ $& $* $( %) %! %@ %# %$ %% %^ %& %* %( ^) ^! ^@ ^# ^$ ^% ^^ ^& ^* ^( &) &! &@ &# &$ &% &^ && &* &( *) *! *@ *# *$ *% *^ *& ** *( () (! (@ (# ($ (% (^ (& (* (( !)) !)! !)@ !)# !)$ !)% !)^ !)& !)* !)( !!) !!! !!@ !!# !!$ !!% !!^ !!& !!* !!(

gfd, y/ ;'/]z x'dfufO{ ;Gtf]if s'df/ s];L /fdrGb| ;fksf]6f /fh]Gb| yfkf ;Gtf];L s];L uLtf ;fksf]6f ;'o{ s'df/L tfdfª z'qm/fh u]nfn od tfdfª u0f]z l3ld/] /fds[i0f l3ld/] >Ls[i0f yfkf lai0f' ;fksf]6f lbk]z l3ld/] lbks x'dfufO{ /fds[i0f x'dfufO{ ;'bz{g x'dfufO{ k'?iff]td clwsf/L ;l; s'df/ jf]nv] hugfy x'dfufO{ uf]kfn bfxfn lbks bfxfn ldg axfb'/ a:ofn k'0f{ s'df/ >]i7 s'df/ s];L ljho s];L ljgfb clwsf/L t'n;L gf/fo0f >]i7 p4a ;fksf]6f o'j/fh bfxfn s'df/ jf]u6L pQd kmfl5 >]i7 h+u axfb'/ h+hd /fhf/fd z}h' lgjf; >]i7 xl/z/0f ;'o{a+;L s];j yfkf zxb]a yfkf rGb| s'df/ dxfh' gxs'n s]=;L x]d/fh x'dfufO{ w'j{ s'j+/ ;fgf] afa' vqL /fdrGb| x'dfufO{ /fh]Gb| s]=;L /fhg yfkf /fh]z yfkf s[i0fxl/ uL/L wd{nfn >]i7 dw' nfdf g/xl/ s'j+/ uf]ljGb k|;fb x'dfufO{ lagf]b lu/L d's'Gb cof{n xl/z/0f Gof}kfg] lx/fsfhL tfdfª lbks tfdfª ;'/]z e'h]n OZj//fh h+ud led;]g x'dfufO{ /fh s'df/ ;fksf]6f k|lbk ;fksf]6f a]b k|;fb ;fksf]6f s[i0f axfb'/ >]i7 afn s[i0f tfdfª ;'lgtf lj=s /flwsf lj=s sNkgf lj;'Gs] uLtf k'/{sf]6L rl08sf kl/of/ d~h' cR5fdL sNkgf lj=s u+uf lj=s k|ldnf lj=s ;/:jtL cfrfo{ uLtf ;fksf]6f -Gof}kfg] _ piff l/hfn l;tf yfkf ?kf yfkf ;fljqL ;fksf]6f -vqL _ eujtL ;fksf]6f ldgf >]i7 c~hgf a:g]t uf]df ltdlN;gf h'gf s]=;L lbkf cfrfo{ kljqf ;fksf]6f pdf af]ul6 d'gf a}bf/ zf]ef /fh xf8f akml88 sNkgf yfkf dgx/L h+ud zf]ef sfsL{ lbkf yfkf ladnf x'dfufO{ /fh' b]lj yfkf gfgL d}of >]i7 clDasf yfkf s]=;L /~hgf yfkf b]jls x'dfufO{ ejfgL s]=;L lgd{nf >]i7 ;fg' >]i7 ;'Gtf]nL tfdfª hd'gf ;fksf]6f ;'lgtf k's{'6L ;'lgtf ;'Gbf; /fd axfb'/ kl/of/ ;lt; 3tfg Zofd s[i0f /Dt]n lbn axfb'/ ldhf/ ejfgL lj=s dbg lj=s lhjg lj=s dbg ;Gbf; v8/fd ;'g'jf/ Zofdx/L ;fksf]6f /Tgdfof b'nfn ;+uLtf dfemL

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] kIfw/ Pdfn] sGrg clwsf/L hgkl/rfng pk;ldlt =of] clwj]zgn] cfd hgtfsf] hLjgdf s:tf] km/s knf{ < g]skf Pdfn]sf] g]t[Tjn] km/s kf5{ . g]skf Pdfn]n] cufl8 ;f/]sf gLltn] km/s kf5{ . g]skf Pdfn]n] ug{] sfdn] hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df km/s kf5{ .

Tof] lsg km/s k5{ eg] ljutdf sfe|] lhNnfdf Pp6f g]tf g} 5}gg eGg] lyof] . g]tfx? eP, dGqL klg eP . ltgn] sfe|]sf ljsf;sf lgldQ hgtfsf nflu s]lx ug{ ;s]gg\ . To;sf/0f g]tfn] cfkm\gf] kx'Fr gePsf] eGg] lyof] . ha )&$ sf] r'gfj kl5 ;/sf/ aGof] . ;/sf/df sfe|]sf] k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;b:o uf]s'n af:sf]6fsf] pkl:ylt /Xof] To;eGbf kl5 sfe|]df bh{gf} 7"nf7"nf cfof]hgfx? cfP . cfd hgtfx?df cfzf knfP . cfPsf cfof]hgfx?sf] /fd|f];Fu sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] v08df sfe|]sf] ljsf;n] g} oxfFsf hgtfx?sf] hLjg:t/nfO{ km/s kf5{ . o;n] cfdhg;d'bfosf lgldQ klg km/s kf5{ . Pdfn] h:tf] 7"nf] kf6L{ / To;n] 5fGg] g]t[Tjn] klg km/s kbf{] /x]5 eGg] k'li6 x'G5 . o;sf/0f clwj]zg / o;n] lgdf{0f ug{] g] t [ T jn] klg cfd gful/sx?sf] hLjg:t/nfO{ km/s kf/]s]f x'G5 . =g]t[Tj lgdf{0fsf nflu s:tf] tof/L ePsf] 5 < s;/L g]t[Tj rog x'G5 < lhNnf sld6Lsf] g]t[Tj klg d"n s'/f xf] . kf6L{sf] kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o Pj+ sfe|] lhNnfsf] OGrfh{ g} xfdL aLrdf x'g'x'G5 . pxfFs} cu'jfO{df sfe|] lhNnfsf] kf6L{ cufl8 a9\5 . lhNnfsf] ;Gbe{df klg xfdLn] lhNnf clwj]zg ul/ ;s]kl5 o;sf] g]t[Tj 5fG5f} g} . dnfO{ s] nfU5 eg] xfdL ;se/ lhNnf sld6L ;j{;Ddt 9+un] 5fGb}5f}+ . Tof] cfkm}df pRrtd nf]stflGqs

:jo+;]js kl/rfns pk;ldlt

k2lt xf] . olb ePg eg] xfdL lgjf{rgdf hfg]5f}+ . lgjf{rgdf xfdL sf]lx s;}nfO{ /f]Sg] kIfdf 5}gf}+ . nf]stflGqs lalw / k|lqmofsf] dfWodaf6 cfd sfo{stf{x?sf] aLraf6} g]tTj rog x'g]5 . =cGTodf=====< !) cf}+ lhNnf clwj]zg rln/x]sf] 5 . of] clwj]zg Pdfn]sf] dfq clwj]zg xf] h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . lsg eg] g]skf Pdfn] g} sfe|] lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] lgldQ s;}n] u/]sf] 5 eg] Tof] g]skf Pdfn]sf] g]t[Tjn] g} xf] . sfe|]df Pdfn]sf] g]t[Tjdf sfe|]df ljsf;sf 7"nf 7"nf cfof]hgfx? cfPsf 5g\ . sltko sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf 5g\ . of] sfd km]l/ klg g]skf Pdfn]sf] g]t[Tjdf x'g ;s]g eg] lt sfof{Gjogdf ;d:of cfpg ;S5g\ .

To;sf/0f g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ ljhoL u/fpg cfjZos 5 . ljho u/fpgsf lgldQ of] clwj] z gdf cfd ljsf; rfxg] hg;d'bfox?sf] ;xeflutf klg cfjZos 5 . P]Soa4tf cfjZos 5 . Tof] P]Soa4tf hgfpgsf lgldQ ;du| hg;d'bfox?n] cfkm\gf] sfd 5f]8]/ cfpg'x'g]5 . g]skf Pdfn]sf] ;d[l4 xfd|f] k|d'v d'2f xf] . sfe|]sf] kx'Fr sf7df8f}+;Dd k'u]sf] cj:yf 5 . o;df P]Soa4tf hgfpgsf lgldQ eP klg cfd hgtfsf] ;xeflutf cfjZos 5 . xfdL of] clwj]zgnfO{ pT;jsf] ?kdf klg lnPsf 5f}+ . of] sfe|] lhNnfs} Pp6f P]ltxfl;s clwj]zg klg x'g]5 .

vfgf / cfjf; u'0f:t/Lo x'g]5 lg/fhg h+ud, ;+of]hs vfgf tyf cfjf; Aoj:yfkg pk;ldlt

g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) cf} lhNnf clwa]zgdf ;xeflu x'g] ! xhf/ $ ;o k|ltlglw, ko{j]Ifs, :j+;]jsx?sf nflu vfgf tyf cfjf;sf] Aoj:yfkg u/]sf 5f}+ . w'lnv]nsf ;a} xf]6nx?df a;f]af;sf nflu xf]6n Aoj;foLx?;Fu s'/f u/]sf 5f}+ . k|ltlglwx? w]/} cfkm} a:g] ePsfn] 6f9f 6f9f af6 cfpg] cfkm\g} Aoj:yf gePsf k|ltlglwx?sf nflu xf]6x?sf] Aoj:yfkg u/]sf 5f}+ . xfdLn] :j;]jsx?sf nflu @# ut] ljxfg} b]lv vfgf / vfhfsf] Aoj:yfkg u/]sf 5f}+ eg] ;fFem k|ltlglwx? /

:j+;]jsx?sf nflu Aoj:yfkg u/]sf 5f} . @$ ut] ljxfg xfdLn] k|ltlglwx?sf nflu vfhfsf] Aoj:yf u/]sf 5f}+ . rgf, c08f, kfp/f]6L hfd v' j fpg] 5 f} eg] lbp;f] n~rsf] Aoj:yfkg u/]sf 5f}+ . bfn, eft, t/sf/L crf/ ;lxt vl;sf] df;' Aoj:yf u/]sf 5f}+{ . xfdL cfkm} vl; NofP/ sf6\g] ePsfn] df;'df u'0f:t/ x'G5 . cGo kl/sf/ klg u'0f:t/Lo x'g]5g\ . cfkm} ;fdfg lsg]/ ^ hgf s's / ;xof]uL tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;d]tsf u/L %) hgf sd{rf/Lsf] Aoj:yfkg u/]sf 5f}+ . vfgfsf nflu cnUu} l6dsf]

sfe|]nL=============

kfg{] sfd ug{]5 . of]Uotf ;DaGwL dfkb08x? klg /xg]5g\ . ;a} k|ltlglwx? of]Uo x'g klg ;Sg'x'g]5 . gx'g] cj:yf klg /xg ;S5 . of] ;a} dfkb08n] lgwf{/0f ug{]5 . ;o'jfx?sf] k+lQm g]t[Tjdf cfpg] slQsf] ;Defjgf 5 < kf6L{ ;a} pd/] ;dx", lnË / ;a} ;db'fosf] ;femf ynf] xf] . o;df :jefljs ?kdf oj'fx? klg cfpgk'b5{ . o;sf] cy{ lg/kI]f 9u+n] oj'f dfq} cfpgk'5{ eGg] klg xfO]g . of] ;fkI]ftfdf rNb5 . clxn] oj'fk:'tfdf /fhgLlt kl|t rf;f] a9s ] f] 5 . o;sf] sf/0f klg gt]T[jdf oj'fk:'tf cfpg] :jefljs g} xf] . oj'f k:'tfn] g} casf] kf6L,{ /fHo xfSFg] xf] . ;ljutsf] h:t} lj/f;t g]skf Pdfn]n] sfod /fVg ;S5 < xfdL ;S5f}+ eGg] cfTdljZjf;sf ;fy cufl8 a9]sf 5f}+ . tYox?n] klg Tolx k|dfl0ft ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] clwj]zg kl5 :jefljs ?kdf lgs6 eljiod} :yfgLo lgjf{rgx? / To;sf] s]lx ;do kl5 ;+3 / k|b]zsf] lgjf{rgx? x'g uO/x]sf 5g\ . Pp6f kf6L{n] hlxn] klg lgjf{rgsf] tof/L

pT;fx l;h{gf ePsf] cj:yf 5 of] clwj]zgdf ;xeflutf hgfpgsf] nflu . o;nfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{] sfd lhNnf sld6L nufot kflnsf, j8f sld6L, dftxtsf cGo ljleGg hg;+u7g sf ;fyLx?n] ub{} x'g'x'G5 . Ps lx;fjn] zlQm k|b{zg h:t} b]lvG5 . ;cfd hg;d'bfon] gofF 9+uaf6 ul/Psf] clwj]zg s;/L dx;'; u5{g\ <

hg;xeflutfsf] lx;fan] gofF 9+uaf6 of] clwj]zg ;DkGg x'g]5 . of] clwj]zgdf k|:t't x'g] /fhgLlts ;f+u7lgs k|ltj]bg tof/ eO{;s]sf] 5 .

To;df klg sfe|] lhNnfdf ljsf; / of]hgfsf vfsfx? k|:t't x'g]5g\ .

To;}u/L g]t[Tj rog x'g] s'/f 5Fb}5 . o;kfnL kf6L{ s]Gb|sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd ;a} lhNnfx?sf] lhNnf clwj]zg Ps} lbg x'g]5 . To;sf] kf6L{ cWoIf s]kL cf]nLn] eRo'{cn dfWodaf6 Ps}rf]6L pb\3f6g x'g]5 . xfd|f] sfe|] lhNnfsf] ;Gbe{df pxfF ef}lts ?kd} pkl:ylt hgfpg'x'g]5 . To; cy{df klg of] ljz]if 5 . To:t} xfd|f] clwj]zgnfO{ hg;d'bfonfO{ ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo agfpg rfxG5f}+ . ;lhNnf ;b:o aGg !$ ;o k|ltlglwdWo] ;a} of]Uo x'G5g\ < kf6L{ ljwfgn] ;b:o x'gsf] nflu s]lx dfkb08 tf]s]sf] 5 . clwj]zgn] klg Tof] dfkb08nfO{ k|i6

ul//x]sf] x'G5 . xfdL klg nflu/x]sf 5f}+ . ;!) cf}+ clwj]zgdf Joj:yfksLo tof/L s:tf] /x]sf] 5 < xfdLn] o;sf] nflu lhNnf txdf klg hgkl/rfng sld6L u7g u/]sf 5f}+ . of] sld6Ln] o;sf] tof/L / ;xhLs/0f ug{] sfo{ ul//x]s]f 5 . o;sf] ;fy} hf] of]

%) xhf/ gful/sssf] :jo+;]jfsf nflu tof/ 5f}+ /fs]z nfdf ;+of]hs

;+of]hs

=g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) cf}+ clwj]zgsf] tof/L s;/L eO/x]sf] 5 < g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) cf}+ clwj]zgnfO{ eJo ?kdf ;DkGg ug{] c7f]6sf ;fy cufl8 a9]sf 5f}+ . clxn];Dds} /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] u/]sf] eGbf 7"nf] sfo{qmdsf ?kdf ;DkGg ug{] eg]/ lhNnf sld6Ln] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . hgkl/rfng ;ldltsf] e]nfn] klg ;f]lx cg'?k ug{] lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . To;sf] nflu tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . clxn] xfdL k|To]s kflnsfdf a}7sx? a:g], hg;xeflutfsf lgldQ kflnsfx? dfkm{t lgdGq0ff ug{], j8f j8fdf a}7s af]nfpg], g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ dfof ug{] cf:yf /fVg], ljsf; / ;d[l4 rfxg] cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ of] clwj]zgdf ;xeflutf hgfpgsf nflu xfdLn] kxnsbdL ul//x]sf 5f}+ . ;a} 7fpFdf tof/Lsf lgldQ kflnsf :t/sf j8f :t/sf kf6L{x? kl/rflnt eO/x]sf 5g\ . hgkl/rfngsf] ;Gbe{df tof/L eO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . =clwj] z gdf clxn] ; Dds} w] / } hg;d'bfo b]vfpg lsg cfjZos k¥of] < clwj]zgsf b'O{j6f kf6fx? x'G5g\, Pp6f aGb ;q / csf{] v'Nnf ;q . v'Nnf ;q lsg u5f{} eg] g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) lhNnf clwj]zgdf g]skf Pdfn] k|lt P]Soa4tf hgfpgsf lgldQ xfdLn] cfd hgtfx?nfO{ cfJxfg u/]sf] xf] . aGb ;q ;fgf] ;+Vofdf x'g] ub{5 . o;nfO{ Jojl:yt 9+un] 5nkmnx? ug{'kg{] x'G5 . aGb;q klg b'O{j6f kf6f]df u5f{}+ . ljut sfdsf] ;dLIff / efjL of]hgfsf] sfo{qmd to u5f{}+ . ;Fu} g]t[Tj lgdf{0f klg aGb ;qn] u5{ . v'Nnf;qdf cfd hg;d'bfon] of] clwj]zg k|ltsf] P]Soa4tf hgfpg] xf] . of] clwj]zgn] s] ;Gb]z lbg vf]h]sf] 5 eg] cfd sfe|]nL hgtfx? h;n] sfe|]sf] ljsf; / ;d[l4 rfx]sf 5g\ lt ;a} hgtfx?nfO{ g] s kf Pdfn] s f] of] clwj]zgdf cfpgsf nflu xfdLn] cg'/f]w u/]sf 5f}+ .

jif{ @* c+s !! @)&* kf}if @@ ut] ljxLjf/

=gs ] kf Pdfns ] f] !) cf+} lhNnf clwjz ] gsf] tof/L s;/L eO/xs ] f] 5 < xfdL g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) lhNnf clwj]zgsf] k'j{ ;GWofdf 5f}+ . xfdLn] :jo+;]jssf] lhDd]jf/L k|fKt u/] ;Fu} :jfutsf] tof/L ul//x]sf 5f}+ . kf6L{n] lglb{i6 u/]sf] lgoldt a} 7 sx? ;DkGg u/] s f 5f} + . h;df :jo+;]jsx?sf] ;+Vof to ePsf] 5 . :jo+;]jssf nflu cfjZos kg{] 8«]; sf]8x?, Hofs]6, Jofrnufotsf s'/fx? lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fO/x]sf 5f}+ . xfdL :jo+;]jsnfO{ lbPsf] bfloTj /fd|f];Fu lgjf{x ug{'kg{] st{Jo /x]sf] 5 . xfdLn] hgjuL{o ;+u7g nufot l;+uf] kf6L{nfO{ ;dflji6 u/]/ tof/LnfO{ clGtd ?k lbPsf 5f}+ . =c;+Vo dfqfdf hg;xeflutf x'Fbf x'g;Sg] hf]lvdnfO{ s;/L Joj:yfkg ug{'ePsf] 5 < g]skf Pdfn] hgtfsf] lk|o kf6L{ ePsf] ;Gbe{df o;n] lnPsf] gLlt, ljrf/, l;4fGt / sfo{qmdnfO{ dg k/fpg] hgdfg; cfhklg w]/} /x]sf] x'Fbf of] clwj]zg eJo / ;Eo x'g] s'/fdf s'g} b'O{dt 5}g . Tolx cg'?k g]skf Pdfn]n] o;sf] tof/L ltj|?kdf u/]sf] 5 . xfdL :jo+;]js kl/rfngsf] x}l;otn] ug{'kg{] e"ldsf cGtu{t /x]/ v'Nnf ;qnfO{ b[li6ut ub{} ;'/Iffsf] lx;fan] hgdfg;nfO{ sG6«f]n ub{} hgkl/rfng ug{'kg{] cj:yf 5 Tolx cg';f/ xfdL cufl8 al9/x]sf 5f}+ . xfdLn] v'Nnf;qsf] ;'?jftL b]lv g]t[Tj x:tfGt/0fsf] ;do cjlw ;Dd lgikIf 9+uaf6 :jo+;]jssf] e"ldsf lgefpg]5f}+ . =slt o'jf kl/rfng x'g]5g clwj]zgdf < kf6L{n] xfdLnfO{ Pp6f ;Ldf tf]lslbPsf] ;Gbe{df v'Nnf ;qdf # ;o / aGb ;qdf !)) hgf ;Ddsf] o'jf kl/rfng x'g]5 .

g] s kf Pdfn] s f] nf]slk|otf a9\bf] 5 . xfdLn] nueu %) xhf/ hgtf cfpg] cg'dfg u/]sf 5f}+ . xfdL tof/Ls} cj:yfdf ePsf] sf/0f Tof] ;+Vof a9\g klg ;Sg]5 . xfdLsxfF o'jf ;+3af6 @ ; o , cg]/f:jljo"af6 ! ;o eGbf dfly :jo+;]jssf] ;"rL 5 . o;/L ljleGg hgjuL{o ;+u7gaf6, j8f txaf6, !# j6} kflnsfx?af6 :jo+;]jsx?sf] ;"rL cfO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . kf6L{n] lglb{i6 u/]sf] ;+Vof eGbf s]lx dfqfdf :jo+;]jsx?sf] ;+Vof a9\g] b]lvG5 . =le8ef8 lgoGq0fdf ;d:of b]lvP s;/L :jo+;]jsnfO{ ;Dks{ ug{] < o;nfO{ xfdLn] klxnf] a}7sdf g} b[li6ut ub{} :jo+;]jssf] s]lx 8«];sf]8 lrGxx? k|bfg u/]sf 5f}+ . To:t} JolQmut ?kdf ;Dks{ ug{], jfsL6sLdfkm{t klg Psaf6 csf{]df ;Dks{ ug{] Joj:yf ldnfPsf 5f}+ . o;sf/0f xfdLn] ;Defljt b'3{6gfnfO{ sd ug{, ;'/IffnfO{ dha't u/fpg], lj/fdLnfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{], vfg]kfgLs]f Joj:yfkg ug{] nufotsf lhDd]jf/L axg ug{] u/L tof/Lsf ;fy /xg] 5f}+ . kf6L{n] lbPsf] h'g;'s} lhDd]jf/L Odfgbf/Ltfk"j{s lgjf{x ug{ xfdL tof/ / tTk/ 5f}+ .

=clwj]zgdf o'jfx?sf] k|ltlglwTj s;/L u/fpFb} x'g'x'G5 < clwj]zgs} ;Gbe{df :jo+;]jsx?nfO{ s;/L kl/rfng ug{] qmd o;nfO{ s;/L Jojl:yt ug{] eGg]tkm{ hf]8 lbof}+ . o'jf ljBfyL{x?sf] ljz]if e"ldsf :jo+;]jss} sld6Ldf /x]sf] x'gfn] ot}lt/ Jo:t ePsf] cj:yf 5 . kf6L{n] !#% j6} j8fx?df / !# j6f kflnsf:t/Lo clwj]zgsf] ;Gbe{df k|ltlglw 5gf}6 sfo{x? ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] 5 . g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] k]l/km]/Ldf o'jfx?n] hlt g} rsf{] s'/f u/]klg g]t[Tjdf o'jfx? :yflkt ge}lbFbf o'jfx?sf] cfGbf]ng s]jn k|of]ufTds cfGbf]ng dfq x'g k'u]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] /fhgLlts ultljlwnfO{ x]g{] xf] eg] o'jfx?sf] k|ltlglwTj x:tIf]ksf/L 9+un] cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . j8f txsf] k|ltlglw 5gf}6 ;Gbe{df eGg] xf] eg] o'jfx? x:tIf]ksf/L 9+un] cfO/x]sf] d}n] kfPsf] 5' . o;df o'jf k|ltlglwx?n] cfˆgf] :jljj]s / lg0f{o ug{ kfpg] xf] eg] o'jfx?sf] x:tIf]ksf/L pkl:ylt x'g ;S5 eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 .

eAo / cfs{ifs d~r Pdfn]sf] !) cf} lhNnf clwz]gdf lrtjgs} emNsf] lbg] u/L d~r Aoj:yfkg u/]sf 5f}+ . @) ut] b]lv z'? ePsf] d~r ;dod} ;DkGg x'g]5 . lrtjgd} d~r lgdf{0f ug{] 6f]nL ePsfn] d~r eAo / cfs{ifs x'g]5 . d~rdf %) eGbf w]/} AolQmx? c6fpg]5g\ . bfofFafofF b'O{j6f dlg6/ /flvPsf] 5 . ;fpG8 l;:6d u0'f:t/Lo 5 . alQ uPsf] cj:yfdf klg hg]/]6]/n] c6fd]l]6s sfd ug5]{ . !) xhf/ eGbf w/]} sl';{ /flvg5] . cGonfO{ bfofaFfofF / 5p]df

a:g] Aoj:yf ldnfOg{5] . kqsf/x?sf nflu l/kfl]6Ë{ ug{ ;xh xg'] :yfg ldnfOP{sf] 5 . sfek]|nf~rfs ] lhNnfdf /fhgLlts bnx?sf] clwaz ] g / clwaz ] gsf nflu tof/L ul/Psf] d~r o:tf] eAo 5g} . / ca klg aGg] 5g} . d~rsf] cfsi{fs l8hfOg{ / To;sf] tof/L ;a} ;lsPsf] 5 . xfdL @# uts ] f] kvfO{d{f 5f+} . d~r Aoj:yfkgsf nflu ljgfb] k/fhn ' L / ;b:ox?df ljqmd kh | fktL, ljsf; >i]7, u0fz ] cfrfo,{ l;lj nfdf, cldt sfh ] ,' cfgGb;fu/ >i]7 so[flzn 5f+} .

u0f]z cfrfo{, ;b:o d~r Aoj:yfkg pk;ldlt

o'jfx?sf] x:tIf]ksf/L e"ldsf :yflkt x'G5

Aoj:yf u/]sf 5f}+ . vfgf / vfhfdf s'g} ;d:of x'g] 5}g . ;/;kmfO{ / u'0f:t/nfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbPsf 5f}+ . vfgf kl5 blx / h]/Lsf] Aoj:yf x'g]5 . sf]lx klg k|ltlglwx?n] vfgf / cfjf;df u'gf;f] ug{] :yfg lbg]5}gf}+ . clwj]zgdf ;xefuL x'g cfpg' x'g]5 To;sf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu xfdLn] sld6ut lhDd]jf/L tf]s]sf 5f}+ . To:t} o;sf] kflnsf txdf, j8f sld6Lx?n] j8fut ?kdf 6f]n6f]naf6 cfpg] ;d'bfosf] ;+of]hg ug{]5g\ . sld6Ldf lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] 5 . To; cfwf/df xfdLn] of] clwj]zgdf cfpg' ePsf hg;d'bfonfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{]5f}+ . tkfO{ cfkm\gf] g]t[Tjsf] ljifodf s] wf/0ff /fVg'ePsf] 5 < g]skf Pdfn]df g]t[Tj lgdf{0f klg ub{}5f}+ . xfdL JolQmut 9+un] kbdf uPsf 5}gf} . kf6L{df cfd sfo{stf{x?n] g]t[Tj ul/ lbP x'GYof] eGg] ljZjf; ug{]5g\ .

To; cfwf/df xfdL g]t[Tj lgdf{0f ug{]5f}+ . kf6L{n] lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L :jefljs ?kdf x/]s ;+ul7t ;b:on] lgjf{x ug{'kg{] bfloTj g} xf] . kf6L{sf clwj]zgsf k|ltlglwx?n] g]t[Tj lgdf{0f ug{]5g\ . of] kf6L{df lqmofzLn /x]/ s]lx ;do cem} ;+u7gdf sfd ug{] OR5f t 5 t/ cd"s of] kbdf o;/L of] kbdf k|lt:kwf{ u5{ eGg] rflxF ;f]r]sf] 5}g . ;cGTodf ===== < xfdL g]skf Pdfn]sf] !) cf}+ clwj]zgsf] tof/Ldf 5f}+ . of] clwj]zg g]skf Pdfn]sf g]tf, sfo{stf{, ;dy{s / ef]6/sf] nflu dfq of] ljifo xf]Og . of] ljifo cfd sfe|]nL hgtfsf] ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo xf] . kf6L{x? alnof eP eg] /fd|f eP eg] lhNnfn], ufpFn], j8fn] jf d'n'sn] g} sfFr'nL km]g{ ;S5 . To;}n] cfd hd;d'bfon] of] clwj]zgnfO{ rf;f] k"j{s x]l/lbg'x'g / of] sfo{qmddf ;xefuL e} lbg'x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w ug{ rfxG5' .

3/3/================================================================ cGtdf ==<< g]skf Pdfn] sfo{stf{sf] dfq kf6L{ xf]Og . of] xfdL ;a} sfe|]nLsf] kf6L{ xf] . o;y{ lhNnf clwj]zgsf] lglDt !#% j6} Sni6/x?af6 / km/s cf:yf /fVg] ;fyLx? hf] x'g'x'G5 xfd|f] sfo{qmddf cfpg'xf];\ xfdLaf6 w]/} s'/fx? l;Sg'xf];\ . xfdL gofF lz/faf6 kf6L{sf] ljsf; lgdf{0f / sfdx?nfO{ gofF ultsf ;fy cufl8 a9fpg] hdsf{] ul//fv]sf 5f}+ . Pdfn]s} dtbftf, sfo{stf{ z'elrGtsx? x'g'x'G5 of] xfd|f] rf8 xf] pT;j xf] . of] xfd|f] kj{df ;a} ;fyLx?nfO{ dg vf]n]/ lbn vf]n]/ ;xefuL eOlbg'x'g d xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' .

– of] clwa]zgdf o'jfx?sf] ;xeflutf s;/L x'G5 < clwa]zgsf nflu v'Nnf / aGb ;qdf b'O{ lx;fjn] o'jfx?sf] ;xeflutf x'G5 . klxnf] clwa]zg ;DkGg ug{ o'jfx?nfO{ kf6L{n] lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L ;lx 9+un] k'/f ug{' 5 eg] bf]>f] aGb ;qdf x'g] g]t[Tj rogdf o'jfx?sf] x:tIf]ksf/L e"ldsfaf6 cl3 a9\g' . xfdL b'a} s'/fdf ;Ifd 5f}+ . o'jfx?nfO{ kl/rfng ug{], o'jfx?nfO{ :j+;]js b:tf dfkm{t clwa]zgnfO{ k|rf/ / ;'/Iff k|bfg ug{] 5f}+ . o'jfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf df]6/;fO{sn ¥ofnL ub{}5f}+ . !# j6} kflnsfdf ! ;o #% j6} j8fdf o'jfx?nfO{ k| l tlglwsf ?kdf, ;xeflusf ?kdf, hgkl/rfngsf ?kdf ;xeflutf u/fPsf 5f}+ . aGb;qsf] xnaf6 klg o'jfx? lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L klg k'/f ug{]5f}+ eg] o'jfx? cfkm} g]t[Tj lng cu|;/ x'G5f}+ .

– o'jfx? rfFlx k|of]u dfq} x'G5g eGg] 5 lg < w]/} kf6L{x?n] ljutdf To:t} u/] / x'GYof] klg . clxn] To:t} 5}g . g]skf Pdfn]df clxn] Tof] cj:yf /x]sf] 5}g . xfdL o'jfx? cfkm\gf] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] cj;/ / lhDd]jf/L lng ;Ifd 5f}+ . clxn] Pdfn]df 5flgPsf k|ltglwx? $) k|ltzt o'jf 5g\ . To;n] klg ca lxhf] h:tf] o'jfx?nfO{ k|of]u ug{] eGg] s'/f cfpFb}g / x'Fb}g klg

. o'jfx?sf] ;xeflutfn] kf6L{sf], d'n'ssf / ;dfhsf] ljsf; ;Dej 5 / x'G5 klg . of] clwa]zgn] o'jfx?sf nflu ;xhtf k|bfg ug{]5 .

– o'jfx?sf] bfloTj rfFlx s] 5 < xf] . xfd|f] bfloTj w]/} 5 . xfdL xfd|f] bfloTj k'/f ug{] qmddf klg 5f}+ . klxn] klxn] o'jfx?nfO{ cj;/ lbg cfgsfgL ul/GYof] . clxn] o'jfx?n] bfloTj;Fu} cj;/nfO{ ;b'kof]u u/]sf 5g\ . xfdL o'jfx?nfO{ k|lzlIft ul//x]sf 5f}+ . lhNnf clwa]zgn] o'jfx?nfO{ yk k|lzlIft ug{]5 . k|ltlglw, :j+;]js, ko{j]Ifssf ?kdf kl/rflnt o'jfx?sf nflu klg of] clwa]zg Pp6f kf7zfnf xf] . kf7zfnfdf ePsf w]/} s'/fx? xfdL l;Sg]5f}+ . kf6L{sf ultljlwx?df ;xeflutf / ;lqmotf hgfpg] 5f}+ . kf6L{ eGbf dfly p7]/ ;d'bfo, ;dfh / /fi6«k|lt lhDd]jf/ /xg]5f}+ . ca xfdL cfGtl/s tof/Ldf 5f}+ . j8f clwa]zg, ufpF tyf gu/ clwa]zg kl5 lhNnf clwa]zg ug{]5f}+ . of] clwa]zgdf w]/} o'jfx?sf] ;xeflutf x'Fb}5 . /fhgLlts, ;f+ul7g / kf6L{sf] hLjgsf af/]df o'jfx?nfO{ a'emfpg]5f}+ . o'jfx?nfO{ cfGbf]ngdf dfq} xf]O{g ;xeflutfsf lx;fjn] klg cy{k"0f{ agfpg]5f}+ .

– tkfO{x? s;/L g]t[Tjdf hfg'x'G5 < d}n] dfly g} elg;s]+ . g]t[Tjdf hfg

ljqmd rf}nfufO{ cWoIf

/fli6«o o'jf ;+3, sfe|] o'jfx? k|ltlglwsf ?kdf rog x'g' ePsf] 5 . xfdL Tolx k|ltlglwsf cfwf/df g]t[Tjdf rog x'g]5f}+ . ;s];Dd ;xdlt geP xfdL k|lt:kwf{sf cfwf/df lgjf{lrt x'g]5f}+ .

dlxnfx?sf] ;zQm pkl:ylt x'g]5

kljqf e't{]n ;lrj clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3, sfe|] – of] clwa]zgdf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf s;/L x'G5 < clwa]zgsf nflu v'Nnf / aGb ;qdf b'O{ lx;fjdf xfdL km/s km/s lx;jfn] ;xeflutf hgfpg] 5f}+ . klxnf] clwa]zg ;DkGg ug{ xfdLnfO{ kf6L{n] lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L ;lx 9+un] k'/f ug{' 5 eg] bf]>f] aGb ;qdf x'g] g]t[Tj rogdf xfdL x:tIf]ksf/L e"ldsfaf6 cl3 a9\g' 5 . xfdL b'a} s'/fdf ;Ifd 5f}+ . !# j6} kflnsfdf ! ;o #% j6} j8faf6 k|ltlglwsf ?kdf, ;xeflusf ?kdf, hgkl/rfngsf ?kdf dlxnfx?nfO{ ;xeflutf u/fPsf 5f}+ . aGb;qsf] xnaf6 klg dlxnfx?nfO{ lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L klg k'/f ug{]5f}+ eg] cfkm} g]t[Tj lng cu|;/ x'G5f}+ .

of] clwa]zgdf xfd|f] P]ltxfl;s ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf 5f}+ . kf6L{ ljBfgn] lbPsf] clwsf/ leq /x]/ ## k|ltzt k|ltlglw ;xeflu x'Fb}5g eg] To; eGbf w]/} $) k|ltzt hlt dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 . To:t} plTkl8t blnt ;d'bfoaf6 klg w]/} k|ltlglwTj ePsf] 5 . k|ltlglwTj;Fu} xfd|f] pkl:ytL / ;xeflutf klg /xg]5 . xfdL xfd|f] ;xeflutf cg';f/sf] g]t[Tjdf :yflkt x'g]5f}+ .

– st} pkl:yltdf dfq} dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf x'g] t x}g < To:t} x}g / x'Fb}g klg . clxn] dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutfnfO{ ljBfgt Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . s]lx l;6x?df cf/If0f klg 5 . dlxnfx?sf cy{k"0f{ / zzQm e"ldsf 5 . dlxnfx? lj:tf/} /fhgLltdf ;lqmo ePsf 5g\ . o'jfx?sf] rf;f] klg 5 . dlxnfx?nfO{ s]lx c;xh eg] kSs} 5 . dlxnfx?sf s]lx Aojxf/Ls sl7gfO{x? 5g\ / x'G5g klg . dlxnf ljjfx u/] hfg] qmddf jf kfl/jf/Ls bfloTjsf sf/0f klg kl5 kg{] ;d:of 5 .

To;sf afah't klg dlxnfx?sf] ;lqmotf 5 . cem} a9\g] qmddf 5 . ;dfhdf xfdLn] ljZjf; lbnfpg h?/L 5 . ha ljZjf; lbnfpg ;lsG5 To;kl5 xfdL g]t[Tjdf k'Ug ;S5f}+ . dlxnfx?nfO{ /fhgLltdf l6sfpg v]Ng' kg{] e"ldsfsf af/]df klg xfdL 5nkmn ul//x]sf 5f}+ . ca lg/fz eP/ xf]O{g, Ifdtf, ;Ifdtf a9fP/, cfly{s ?kdf ;an tyf ;Ifd eP/ xfdL cl3 al9/x]sf 5f}+ . dlxnfx?n] lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L ;lx 9+uaf6 k'/f ul//x]sf 5g\ . dlxnfx? sdhf]/ 5g eGg] b[li6sf]0f ca abNg' h?/L 5 . dlxnfx? cfkm}df klg ;lSbg ls eGg]

cfTdljZjf;sf] sld 5 . To;nfO{ klg a9fpg' k5{ . dlxnfx?nfO{ ;a} If]qsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf ;xeflutf / k|lt:kwf{ cfjZos 5 . xfdL lhNnf ;+u7g olx cleofgdf s[oflzn 5 . sfg'gsf s'/f, clwsf/sf s'/f, lhDd]jf/L / cj;/sf s'/f xfdL tNnf] tx;Dd k'¥ofPsf 5f}+ . j8f ;Dd]ng, ufpF tyf gu/ ;Dd]ng;Fu} lhNnf ;Dd]ng df3 dlxgf leq ;DkGg ul/;Sg] 5f}+ .

– :yfgLo txdf dlxnfsf] ;zQm pkl:ytL ;Dej 5 < ;Dej 5 . @)&$ sf] :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{ r gdf dlxnfx?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf /x\ o f] . lhDd] j f/Ldf /x] s f dlxnfx?n] ;Ifdtfsf ;fy lhDd]jf/L axg u/]sf 5g\ . Goflos ;ldltsf] lhDd]jf/L xf]; jf cg'udg rfx] ah]6 ljlgof]hg . dlxnfx?n] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] sfd u/]sf 5g\ . pkk|d'v / pkfWoIf sdhf]/ kb ;Dem]/ lbPsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf dlxnfx?n] bfloTj lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ . dlxnfx?n] kfPsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf e|i6frf/ eof] eGg] vj/ ;'lgPsf] 5}g . xfdL cfufdL lgjf{rgdf dlxnfx?nfO{ pkdf dfq} l;ldt g/fv]/ sfo{sf/L e"ldsfdf :yflkt ug{] cleofg 5f}+ .

– tkfO{x?sf] g]t[Tj s;/L 5flgG5 < oxfF dlxnfsf] dfq} g]t[Tj 5flgg] x}g . of] clwa]zgn] kf6L{sf] zzQm g]t[Tj rog x'g]5 . g]t[Tjdf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf x'g]5 . em08} #% k|ltzt dlxnfx?sf] pkl:ytL xfdL g]t[Tjdf :yflkt u/fpg] 5f}+ . xfd|f s'/f ;'Gg] / ;'gfpg] cj;/ k|bfg ug{]5f}+ . dlxnfx? ;xeflutf cfpg] s'/f z+sf /x]g . o;nfO{ xfdL g]t[Tj txdf :yflkt u/fpg]5f}+ .

(

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @* c+s !! @)&* kf}if @@ ut] ljxLjf/

ag]kf d]o/ elnan sksf] pkfwL elnan k|]dL sfe|]nfO{

c+u|]hL jif{df ‘c“u|]hL ;+:s/0f’sf] k':ts, ag]kfdf hgtfsf ;fyL

ag]kf÷:jf:Yo / ;flxTo b'a} If]qdf plQSs} ;lqmo AolQmTj kgf}tL lgjf;L k|f= 8f= ;'dg/fh tfd|fsf/n] g]kfnL ;+:s/0fdf o; cl3 k|sfzg ul/;Sg' ePsf] kgf}tLsf] lsjbGtL tyf kgf}tLsf] syf ;+u|x ;d]l6Psf] kgf}tLsf rf8kj{x? / ds/d]nf ;DjGwL lhNnf ;+:s/0f k|sfzg ug{' ePsf] 5 . of] pxfFsf] !# cf} s[lt xf] . kgf} t Ldf cfof] l ht Ps sfo{qmddf kgf}tL ;flxTo ;dfhsf] cfof]hgfdf pQm k':tssf] c+u|]hL ;+:s/0f al/i7 ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfnn]

;fj{hlglss/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . df3 ! ut] b]lv nfUg] ds/ d]nf tyf kgf}tLsf rf8kj{ / ;+:s[ltsf af/]df cFu|]hL dfWodaf6 n]lvPsf] k':ts k|sfzg u/]/ kgf}tLnfO{ ljZjd} lrgfpg k|of; u/]sf]df k|d'v cltyL al/i7 ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfnn] awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf AoQm ug{' ePsf] lyof] . pQm k':tssf] /fli6«o ;+:s/0f l5§} k|sfzg x'g] n]vs k|f=8f= tfd|fsf/n] atfpg' eof] . kgf}tL ;flxTo ;dfhsf cWoIf /fd;'Gb/ b]phf, kgf}tL /f]6/L Snjsf cWoIf l;t' ;}h', ;flxTosf/x? t' o ' s fhL tfd| f sf/,

egf{ v'Nof] ! egf{ v'Nof]

!! egf{

v'Nof]

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf sfe|] lhNnfdf Psdfq lalaP; txsf] Joj:yfkg ;+sfodf ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ lgMz'Ns 5fqj[lQ ;lxt w'lnv]n SofDk; w'lnv]ndf gofF z}lIfs ;q @)&*.)&( sf] nflu :gfts tx k|yd jif{df egf{ v'Nof] .

BBS

g]kfnL / cFu|]hL dfWoddf 5'§f5'§} sIff x'g]

lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu

w'lnv]n SofDk;, w'lnv]n kmf]g g+= )!!$()$^@, (*%!))*)#&

;'o{k|;fb nfsf]h' nufotn] k|f=8f= tfd|fsf/sf] n]vg k|ltsf] ?rLnfO{ kl/jf/ / ;dfhn] dxTj lbPsf] atfpg' eof] . pQm k' : tssf] cg' j fb lji0f'd0fL clwsf/Ln] ug{' ePsf] 5 eg] k':tsdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf kgf}tL lrgfpg] tl:j/ kmf]6f]u|flkm k|zfGt >]i7n] lvRg' ePsf] lyof] . To:t} lrqsnf d~h' :ofpnfn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ltg}hgfnfO{ n]vs tfd|fsf/n] gub ;lxt ;Ddfg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . lg/Gt/ n]vg / :jf:Yo If]qdf s[oflzn x'Fbf 3/ kl/jf/ / ;d'bfosf] ;fy / ;xof]u k|fKt u/]sf]df tfd|fsf/n] wGojfb AoQm ug{' eof] . ljz]ifu/L k|f=8f tfd|fsf/n] afn / dlxnf :jf:Yo;Fu ;DjlGwt /x]/ k':tsx? k|sfzg ug{' ePsf] 5 . k|;'tL ;DjGwL ue{jtL gfds k':ts, lnl6n 8fS6/, dfq of}gsf s'/f, d]/f bz ;fyL, :jf:Yo afn syfx?, ufF7L s'/f, ;f:s[lts w/f]x/,

kgf}tLsf rf8kj{x? / ds/d]nf, Ps zl// b'O{ hLjg, gjhft lzz'x?sf] gfdfjnL, u7] d + u n, g] j f efiffsf k':tsx? k|sfzg ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . hgtfsf ;fyL ljdf]rg ag]kfdf zAbofqfn] gdf]a'4 lgjf;L zlzw/ ltdlN;gfsf] :d[lt u|Gy hgtfsf ;fyL k|sfzg u/L ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . ;dfj]zL cfof]usf cWoIf 8f=/fds[i0f ltdlN;gfn] pQm k':tssf] ljdf]rg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . zAbofqf k|sfzgsf cWoIf xl/ d~h'>Ln] ltdlN;gfsf af/]df atfpFb} hgklIfo /fhgLlt1, lzIff;]jL, ljsf;k|]dLsf] Oltxf; ;+/If0f ug{ k':ts dxTjk'0f{ /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . hgklIfo ePsfn] ltdlN;gfn] k|hftGq :yfkgfsf nflu v]Ng' ePsf] e"ldsfsf af/]df k':tsdf pNn]v ul/Psf] d~h'>Ln] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf Pdfn] g]tf Pj+ k"j{ dGqL s]zj a8fn nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]saf6 k|sflzt ePsf]

xsbfjL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&&*.(÷!(

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ;fljs cg}sf]6 j8f g+= ^ eO{ xfn kl/jlt{t_ kfFrvfn g=kf= j8f g+= ! a:g] d]/f] ;f;' a'af :j= nfnaxfb'/ tfdfªsf] ldlt @)&^.!!.!@ df d[To' ePsf]n] lgh d[tssf] d ;a}eGbf glhssf] xsbf/ 5f]/Lsf] >Ldfg HjfO{ wgnfn tfdfª ePsf] x'Fbf lgh d[tssf] gfddf >}:tf k'hf{ sfod /x]sf] hUuf d]/f] gfddf gfd;f/L ul/ kfpF elg wgnfn tfdfªn] o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg dfu u/]sf] x'Fbf of] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . o;df tkl;n adf]lhdsf] hUufdf lgj]bs afx]s c? sf]lx s;}sf] xsef]u nfUg] eP jf lgj]bssf] gfddf s'g} lsl;d jf sf/0fn] gfd;f/L x'g gkg{] cj:yf eP hUuf wgLsf] sfg'g ad]flhd xs vfg] cGo xsbf/x? sf]lx eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s #%-k}lt;_ lbgleq ;k|df0f;lxt o; sfof{nodf bfjL lhls/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf, cGoyf lgj]bssf] dfu bfjL adf]lhd P]g, lgodfg';f/ gfd;f/L e}hfg] Joxf]/f ;d]t ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . hUufwgLsf] gfd, y/ ePsf] uflj; j8f g+= ls=g+= If]qkmn nfnaxfb'/ tfdfª cg}sf]6 ^ !%# !–!@–!–!

ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof] u df nfos' Snjn] ag] k fdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] lhNnf :t/Lo d]o/ sk elnan k|ltof]lutfsf] pkfwL elnjn k|]dL sfe|] l6dn] xft kf/]sf] 5 . ljhoL l6dn] gub %) xhf/, 6«lkm / k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf lyP . gu/kflnsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb], pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn / k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t slj/fh pk]|]tLn] ljhoL l6dnfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . a]:6 ckm kmfO{edf v]nfO{Psf] k|ltof]lutfdf elnan k|]dL sfe|] l6d / ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] l6d b'O{÷b'O{ ;]6df a/fa/L ePsf] lyof] . clGtd !% c+ssf] ;]6df elnan k|]dL sfe|]n] ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] l6dnfO{ !$ sf lj?4 yk Ps c+ssf] v]ndf !^ NofO{ ljhoL ePsf] lyof] . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] l6d pk ljh]tf aGb} gub @% xhf/, 6«lkm / k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf] lyof] . t]>f] vflgvf]nf ufpFkflnsfsf] l6d ePsf] 5 eg] rf}yf] kgf}tLsf] blnGrf]s o'jf snj ePsf] lyof] . t]>f]n] !% xhf/ / rf}yf]n] & xhf/ % ;o ?k}ofF gub k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sf lyP . ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8fcWoIfx? s[i0fk|;fb bfxfn, an/fd clwsf/L, rGb| v8\sf, /fdaxfb'/ s'Fj/, ;dfh;]jL /~gs'z /l~hsf/, sd{rf/Lx? tyf ljleGg If]qsf

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41 Month Preparation Classes for T.U. Board Exam SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM

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Tolta]nf ddLnfO{ sd ePsf] /x]5 . Tof] lbg clGtd lyof] ddL;Fu a;]/ vfgf vfg n]v]sf] . dnfO{ s] yfxf / ddLnfO{ ufx|f] ePsf] s'/f d cfOk'Ubf t klxnfsf] h:t} x'g'x'GYof] . clg vfgf klg ddLn] g} agfpg' ePsf] lyof] . s;/L ljZjf; ug{' ufx|f] ePsf] eg]/ . ddLn] / d}n] vfgf vfof}+ . vfgf vfP/ ddL lkF9Ldf ;'Tg'ePsf] lyof] . ddLn] t]n nufOb] eGg'eof] . clg d}n] t]n nufP/ skfn sf]l/lbPF . xh'/a'af kf/L ufpFdf hfG5' eg]/ hfg'eof] . 3/df ddL / d dfq lyof}+ . ddLn] :ofp vfg] eGg'eof] . d}n] :ofp / c+u'/ ddLnfO{ lbPF / cfkm" klg vfPF . ddLn] ufx|f] ePsf] clg ;kgf klg s] s] b]v]sf] s'/f ug{'eof] . d ddL;Fu s]xL ;do a;]+ . To;kl5 uf]7df sfd ug{ uPF . 3/ cfpFbf tn ufpFsf] efph' cfpg'ePsf] /x]5 . efph';Fu klg ;kgfsf] s'/f u/]/ ?g' eof]

. d}n] ufnL u/]+ ;kgfsf] s'/f u/]/ lg x'G5 t < d}n] lrof agfPF / ltg} hgfn] lrof vfof}+ . efph' hfg' eof] . s]xL ;dokl5 ddLn] / d}n] vfhf vfof}+ . clg d 3/sf] sfd ;s]/ uf]7df uPF Tolta]nf ddL 5fk|f]df hfg'ePsf] lyof] . uf]7sf] sfd ;s]/ 3/ cfpFbf efO{ / xh'/a'af cfOk'Ug' eP5 . ddLnfO{ t PSsf;L s] eof] s] ddL s/fpg nfUg' eof] . ddL 5fk|f]af6 3/leq vf6df uP/ a:g'ePsf] lyof] . ddLn] ;a}hgfnfO{ af]nfpg' eGg'eof] . d}n] c+snx?nfO{ af]nfPF .

Tolta]nf ^ ah]sf] lyof] . ddLsf] a];'/] s'/f /x]5 . ^ b]lv !) ah];Dd s] s] eGg'eof] . xfdL ;a}n] a'em\g / ljZjf; ug{ ;s]gf}+ . ddLn] hlta]nf klg dlG;g] / dnfO{ ef]u dfq} lbg eGg'eof] ddLn] eg] cg';f/ w]/} k6s km'Sg] / dgl;g] h:tf sfd c+snn] ug{'eof] . t/ ddLnfO{ sd ePg . Psf]xf]/f] dlG;g] / ef]u lbg] s'/f dfq ul//xxFbf xfdLn] tTsfn c:ktfn n}hfg] s'/fdf Wofg lbg ;s]gf}+ . /fltsf] * ah]sf] lyof] . Tolta]nf vfgf kfSof] . c+snn] vfgf vfg' eGg'eof] ;a}hgf vfgf vfg a:of} ddL klg a:g'eof] . ddLn] vfgf vfg nfUbf d]/f] xft d'vdf k'u]g eGg'eof] . clg d}n] yfn dfly /fv]/ vfg' eg]+ . b'O ufF; vfP/ d ca d vflbgF eGg'eof] . c+snx? vfgf vfP/ km]/L cfpg'eof] . ddLnfO{ s] ePsf] lsg ef]u lbg' dfq eGg'x'G5 . ef]u lbP dfq l7s x'G5 eGg'ePsf] eGg] s'/f s;}n] a'em]sf lyPgf}+ .

(M#) ah]lt/ wfdLnfO{ kmf]g u/]/ wfdLn] eg] cg';f/ ubf{ klg ddLnfO{ sd ePg . c:ktfn nfg] s'/} ePg . c:ktfnaf6 3/ cfPsf] ^ lbg ePsf] lyof] . c:ktfndf a:g gdfg]/ 3/ NofPsf lyof} xfdLn] dldnfO{ . vf;} /f]u klg lyPg . t/ k|];/ a9]sf] lyof] .

8fS6/n] cf}iflw vfg' kb{}g vfgfdf Wofg lbg' eg]sf] lyof] . kf7]3/sf] ;d:of eg]/ r]s ubf{ klg vf; c;/ 5}g eg]sf] lyof]

. t/ PsfPs ddLnfO{ s] eof] a'em\g ;s]gf}+ . Tolt a]nf g} dldsf] clGtd cj:yf ePsf] /x]5 . pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ 5f8]/ ljbf x'g'eof] . d]/f] dd{ / efjgf dld afx]s s;n] a'em\5 / ;'G5 . d]/f] ddL gePkl5 eGg] efj d leq cfof] . clg d cln ;Dxflng] sf]l;; u/]+ . cfkm"nfO{ ;DxfNg ;lsgF . d a]xf]; h:t} ePF . lrRofpg dg nfUof] . /f]P s/fP 3/ hfg dg} nfu]g t/ To;sf] ljsNk klg t s]xL lyPg . ddL u'dfpFbfsf] kL8f hlt dnfO{ 5, Tof] t ddL u'dfpg]x?nfO{ dfq yfxf x'G5 .

To;df klg d]/f] t afa' cfdf b'j}sf] dfof lbP/ b'Mv u/]/ x'sf{pg' a9fpg' / k9fpg' ePsf] lyof] . ddL u'dfpFbf ;ayf]s u'dfPF h:tf] dx;'; ePsf] 5 . d cfkm"nfO{ l/Qf] 5' em} nfU5 . of] ;+;f/df ddLn] ug{] dfof c? s;n] lbg ;S5 / < $@ jif{sf] cNkfo"df ddLn] 5f]8]/ hfg'eof] . To; kl5sf lbgx? ddLsf] cefjdf cfdf ljgfsf] hLjg latfpg afWo 5' .

3/df xh'/a'af, efO{ / d ltg hgf 5f}+ . efO{ klg sf7df8f}+ hfG5' elg uof] . 3/df xh'/a'af / d dfq a:g'kg{] . o;n] ubf{ emg\ ddLsf] ofb w]/} cfO/x]sf] 5 . la/fdL x'Fbf ;d]t dnfO{ o:tf] eof], p:tf] eof], ufx|f] eof] eGg] b'Mv a'em\g] sf]xL 5}g em} nflu/x]sf] 5 . ddL gx'Fbf ddLsf] dfof / ;xfg'e"ltsf] w]/} ;Dem]sf] 5' . ddL ljgf hLjg hLpg' kfgL ljgf df5f 56\kl6P h:t} x'Fbf] /x]5 Tof] d ef]Ub}5' . ;a}nfO{ d]/f] h:tf] kL8f gk/f];\ eujfg;Fu Tolx k|fygf u5{' .

ddtf zflx kgf}tL, sfe|]

-of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]ns ' f * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

uhn

dfof lk/tL alu lx8\g], Pp6f gfnL e]l6G5 sL < hf]8L lagf ef}tfl/PsL, st} vfnL e]l6G5 sL < leqL dg s;n] b]V5g\, aflx/L ?k b]v] k'U5 . ;a}n] /f]hL 5f]l8PsL, xfF8L sfnL e]l6G5 sL < sf]O{ 5}g cfˆgf] eGg], lh:sfpb} v]nL xL8\g] . e]gf egL dfof ug]{, lkof/L ;fnL e]l6G5 sL < ;a}hgf /f]H5g\ c/], alQ; u'0fsL kfpF5g\ /] . km6fxL egL 5f]l8PsL, Ps hfnL e]6LG5 sL < dgsf] km"n cf]O{lnof], km"nsf] 8fnL v'O{nLof] . of] au}Frf uf]8d]n ug]{, gofF dfnL e]6LG5 sL < u+uf/fd 9sfn

kbofqf u/L of]u hfu/0f ag]kf÷kt+hnL of]u ;ldtL sfe|] / dlxnf kt+hnL ofu ;ldtLsf] ;o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ut zlgaf/ c+u|]hL gofFjif{sf] cj;/ kf/L of]u hfu/0f kb ofqf u/]sf] 5 . ag]kfsf] u0f]z:yfg kb ofqf z'? u/L /ftdf6], rf}sf]6, atf;], z+v' x'b} gdf]a'4 ;Dd k'uL ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . kbofqfsf] z'?jft k+thnL afudtL k|b]zsf k|d' u|f]a]g tf}hnn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . tf}hnn] of]u af6 g} xfd|f] lbg z'?jft x'g] ePsfn] ;a}n] cfkm\gf] :jf:Yo k|lt Wofg lbg cfu|x ug{' ePsf] lyof] . klxnf cfkm\gf] :jf:Yo, clg sfd / /fi6« k|lt ;do lbg' kg{] tf}hnn]n atfpg' eof] . s'g} /f]usf] ! j6f dfq cf}ifwL x'G5, t/ of]u ubf{ w]/} /f]usf] cf}ifwL x'g] ePsfn] ;a}n ;dodfg} of]u u/L :j:y /xg' kg{] tf}hnn] atfpg' eof] . kb ofqf sfo{qmddf kt+hnL of]u ;ldtL jfudtL k|b]z k|d'v u|f]a]g tf}hn], sfe|]sf cWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7, lg jt{dfdfg cWoIf bdg >]i7, pkfWoIf k|sfz sfo:y, dxfdGqL df]xf]g s[i0f >]i7, ;+u7g dGqL Zofd s'df/ >]i7, sf]iffWoIf sfG5f s'df/ >]i7, dGqL dfwa >]i7, dlxnf k+thnL of]u ;ldtL sfe|]sf cWoIf cg' >]i7, lg jt{dfg cWoIf c+hgf >]i7, pkfWoIf O{lGb/f tf}hn], dxfdGqL sdnf /fhe08f/L, ;u+7g dGqL k'0o >]i7, nufPt ag]kf, gfnf, >Lv08k'/, w'lnv]n kgf}tL nufPt of]u s]Gb|sf ;of} hgf of]u ;fwsx?sf] ;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] . of]u u/f} :j:y /xf}, /fi6«k|lt of]ubfg ug{ ;sf} h:tf gf/f ;lxt kbofqf k5L agef]h u/L sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/LPsf] lyof] .

3/ ef8fdf

ko{6sLo gu/ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= # af;F3f/Ldf c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ ;uF} hf]l8Psf] ;'ljwf ;DkGg 3/÷ˆNof6 xf]:6n clkm; tyf Joj;flos k|of]hgsf nflu ef8fdf 5 . cfjZos kg{] t'?Gt} ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf . ;Dks{ M

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lkk'N; ;fsf];sf] d'Vo sfof{no pb\3f6g cfn' lrK; / uf]ne]8fsf] ;; agfpg] tflnd ag]kf÷lkk'N; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] d'Vo sfof{no ag]kfsf] ltgbf]af6f]df /fv]sf] 5 . sfof{nosf] afudtL k|b]zsf s[lif tyf kz'kGIfL dGqL a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{n] Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr ug{' ePsf] 5 . x'dfufO{n] cfkm' kbdf /xFbf ;Dd sfe|]sf] dfg /fVg] sfd dfq ug{] atfpg' eof] . ;a}n] hfg]/ cfPsf] x'b}g d /xbfF ;Dd /fd|f] sfd / s[ifsx?sf] lxtdf sfd ug{] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;3+sf cWoIf /fh]Gb| k;+5], ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ * sf j8f cWoIf

bfgaxfb'/ dfgGw/, sfe|] knf~rf]s lhNnf art ;3+sf cWoIf lht]Gb| gsdL{ ljleGg ;3+ ;:yfsf k|ltlgwLx?, ;~rfns ;ldtLsf kbflwsf/L nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf k|jGws gj/fh ;fksf] 6 fn] cfly{ s jif{ @)&*÷)&( sf] kf}if !% ut] ;+:yfdf cfj4 % xhf/ & ;o @$ ;b:ox?n] ;+:yfaf6 pTkflbt !^ k|sf/sf art of]hgfx?df ;xefuL ePsf] atfpg' eof] . ;+:yfn] z]o/ ;b:on] ljleGg lzif{sdf C0f k|fKt u/L p2]Zo cg'?k cfk\mgf] pBd, Jofkf/ Joj;fo ;+rfng u/L cfly{s

;ftfsf] /flzkmn ;fKtflxs k~rf· d]if

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p4a k|;fb clwsf/L÷kfFrvfn na lu|g g]kfnsf] cfof]hgf ;fgf] k'FhL ;fy} 3/d} a;]/ cfo–cfh{g ug{ ;Sg] vfnsf] jftfj/0f tof/ ug{ jftfj/0f d}qL Plss[t lbuf] s[lif lasf; kl/of]hgf cGtu{t tflnd lbO{Psf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;xsf/Ldf cfa4 z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] pkl:yltdf k|bfg u/LPsf] @ lbg] s[lif k|zf]wg tflnd zlgaf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm @ lbg] tflnddf cfn' lrK; / uf]ne]8fsf] ;; agfpg] laifodf ;xeflux?nfO{ l;sfO{Psf] lyof] .

pkfh{gdf C0f k|bfg u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;+ : yfsf] @ s/f] 8 ^# nfv %* xhf/sf] z] o / k" F h L, @# s/f] 8 lgIf] k ;+ s ng, @@ s/f] 8 *) nfv shf{ nufgL ! s/f] 8 !! nfvsf] ljleGg sf] i fx? @* s/f] 8 !) nfvsf] jf;nft /x] s f] ;fksf] 6 fn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{ q mddsf ;efklt tyf ;+ : yfsf cWoIf lg/0f zfSon] ;+ : yfsf] sfo{ If] q lhNnf e/ /x] s f] xfn $ j6f ;]jf s]Gb|af6 ;b:ox?nfO{ ;] j f k| b fg u/] s f] atfpg' eof] . sfo{ q md ;~rfng sf] i ffWoIf ;Gtf] i f l3ld/] n ] ug{ ' ePsf] lyof] .

kfFrvfn gu/df ;+~rflnt ;xsf/Lx? dWo] u|fdL0f dlxnf lasf; ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ,k|lti7f s[lif ;xsf/L ,lsl6gL s[lif ;xsf/L / cfhfb s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfaf6 ;xeflu ePsf lyP . tflnddf vfB tyf u'0f lgoGq0f sfo{fno w'lnv]nsf gf/fo0f e§/fO{n] k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . tflndaf6 1fg l;s]sfx?n] kfFrvfnd} pTkfbg ePsf] cfn' / uf]ne]8faf6 cfn' lrK; / ;; aGg] ePsf] 5 . tflnddf ;xeflux?n] xfl;n u/]sf] 1fgnfO{ Jojxf/df ptfb{} 3/}df a;]/ pBf]u

;+~rfng ug{] atfPsf 5g\ . nalu|g g]kfnn] kfFrvfn / cf;kf;sf] If]qdf ljsf; lgd{f0f sfo{, jftfj/0f ;'wf/ sfo{, cfO=lk=Pd tl/sfjf6 t/sf/L v]tL, xl/ofnL lj:tf/, s[lif of]1 hldgsf] df6f] kl/If0f u/L df6f] ;'wf/sf] nflu ;xsfo{, :jf:Yo If]qdf ;xof]u, kz'kfngdf ;xof]u, s[ifsx?n] ul/g] t/sf/L v]ltsf] lgl/If0f ;fy} ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu k|flalwsx?sf] Joj:yf, ;8s lsgf/fdf ax'd'n\o hfltsf] km'nsf] lj?jf /f]Kg] sfo{ nufPtsf] laleGg vfn] ;xof]u ub{} cfPsf] atfPsf] 5 .

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@^ ut] ci6dL a|t, @& ut] /fli6«o Pstf lba;, @* ut] :j:yflg k|f/De .

;ftfsf] dEo @$–@% ut] ;Dd zq' a[l4 ;fy} em'6f cf/f]k cfpg ;Snf . afFsL lbgdf ;do cfkm\g} cg's'ndf /xg], AofÍ Aofn]G; a[l4, sfo{df ;kmntf klg xf]nf . dGq M ç /+ /f]ud'Qm km6\ M cfh / ef]nL Aokf/ Aoa;foaf6 dg1 wg k|fKtL x'g]5 . @$–@% ut] ;Dd rf]6k6ssf] eo /xFbf xf]; ug{'xf]nf . afFsL lbgdf eg] efUof]bosf] ;do /x]sf] 5 . dGq M ç pdfdx]Zj/fo gd M ;ftfsf] dWo @$–@% ut] ;Dd ;do ljk/Lt xFbf lgGb«fdf c;'ljwf df]6f] wg /fzL vr{ xf]nf . afFsL lbgdf z/L/df lg/f]lutf, kfl/jf/Ls ;'v ldNg]5 . dGqM ç zfDa;bf lzjfo gd M.

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@@–@% ut] ;Dd zl// lg/f]uL, sd{ k|fKtL, cfo a[l4, ;fy} k'/} /fHo af6 ;'v ldNg]5 . afs F L lbgdf df]6f] wg /fzL vr{ ;fy} zfl/ls lk8f ;xg' knf{ . dGq M ç e+ e+ e}/jfo gd M. @@–@% ut] ;Dd zq' efj ldqdf kl/0ftf,3/df ;'v ;d[l4 a[l4, afxg k|fKtL klg x'g]5 . afFsL lbg gsf/fTds /x]sf] sf/0f dfgl;s lrGtfn] ;tfpg ;Snf . dGq M ç dGqM + zq'bdgfo gd M .. @@–@% ut] ;Dd ;fx; / w}o{tf a[ l 4, bfh' e fO{ a f6 ;xof] u k| f Kt, cfsl:ds wg nfe 3/df a6'ssf] cfudg xf]nf . afFsL lbgdf r+rntf, cfpnf . dGqM ç P+] lx| P] ;/:jTo} gdM.

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of] xKtf k'/} ;sf/fTds /x]sf] x'Fbf u'? ju{af6 ;xof]u k|fKtL,hfuL/df k|df]zg ldNgfn] dg k|zGg, O{lR5t sfo{df k'0f{tf, wgfudg xf]nf . dGq M ç dGqM c+ SnL x'F km6\ . x/]s lbg ljsf/o'Qm /x]sf]n ljBfdf ;kntf, ld7f ld7f k|]djftf{ nfe, z/L/df :jR5tf, ;fgf] t/ dxTjk"0f{ ofqfsf] of]u, ldi7fGg ef]hg k|fKtL x'g]5 . dGqM + ç Sn]zlgzfo SnL gdM k'/} ;ftf z'e /x]sf] x'Fbf 3/df a6'ssf] cfudg, af]nLsf] k|efj a9\gfn] sfo{df ;kmntf, pkxf/ cfbL a:t' k|flKt, cw'/f sfo{ ;xh} ;kmn klg x'g]5 . dGq M ç s|L sfNo} gdM .

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!–^^#$(^

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lbgdf cWoog cWofkgdf ?rL a[l4 efj kb P]Zjo{ k|flKt, ;Gtfgaf6 ;'v k|fKtL xf]nf . dGq M ç lx/0o?kfo gdM @@–@# ut] ;Dd hnsf] eo /x]sf] 5 . afFsL lbgdf zq'dfyL ljho k|fKtL dfg ;Ddfg k|fKtL, ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|fKtL z/L/df lg/f]lutf 5fpnf . dGqM P] x|L SnL rfd'08fo} laRr] .

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"Inflame your mind with quality education"

4 Years Programme

Admission Open for

BBS

: n o i ut b ) i r t M (13th s i P 0 D 3 : m For 0am-3 (6:3 Banepa with free textbook and various schoolarship

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cfjZostf

sd{rf/L cfjZostf -k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltM @)&*.(.@@_

/fli6«o :t/sf] ;af]{Ts[i6 tyf cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] CUMI Awardaf6 k'/:s[t Pj+ ACCESS SILVER Brand k|fKt u/L PlzofnL dfkb08df k'Ug ;kmn o; ;+:yfsf] nflu tkl;n adf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf ahf/ pTk|]/s kbdf v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{af6 sd{rf/L lgo'lQm ug'{ k/]sf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] & -;ft_ lbg leq of]Uotf k'u]sf :jM:km"t{ ?kdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] OR5's JolQmx?af6 b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . la1fkg g+= ))&÷)&*÷)&( s_ kb M ahf/ pTk|]/s v_ txM bf];|f] tx u_ ;+Vof M # -tLg_ -9'+vs{–!, ag]kf–!, afg]Zj/–!_ 3_ of]Uotf tyf pd]/ != slDtdf dfWolds lzIff k/LIff-P;O{O{_ jf ;f] ;/x pQL0f{ @= sDKo'6/ ;DaGwL cfwf/e't tflnd k|fKt u/L sDKo'6/df sfd ug{ ;Sg] #= sDtLdf @ kf+u|] ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq k|fKt u/L rnfpg ;Sg] . $= pd]/ !* jif{ k'/f eO{ #% jif{ ggf3]sf] ª_ ljz]if u|fXotf M !)±@ plQ0f{ u/L ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfdf ;DalGwt sfo{ u/]sf] cg'ej k|fKt . r_ ;]jf ;'lawfM dfl;s tna :s]n tyf cGo ;]jf ;'ljwf ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ x'g]5 .

5_ 5gf}6 k|s[ofM !_ lnlvt k/LIff, df}lvs cGtjf{tf{ jf tf]lsPsf] s'g} ljlwx? . @_ tf]lsPsf] ldltleq cfj]bg lbg] cfj]bsx? dWo]af6 5f]6f] ;"rL -Short list_ 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . #_ tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd c+s k|fKt u/L lnlvt k/LIffdf plQ0f{ x'g ;kmn cfj]bsx?nfO{dfq cGo 5gf}6 k|lqmofdf ;xefuL u/fO{g]5 . h_ b/vf:t b:t'/ M ?= #)).–-tLg ;o dfq_ b/vf:t ;fy k]z ug'{ kg]{ sfuhftx? -b'j} kbsf] nflu_ != z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnlk @= gful/stf k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnlk #= ;DalGwt sfdsf] cg'ej kqsf] k|ltlnlk $= xfn ;fn} lvr]sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] @ k|lt %= ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnkL ^= JolQmut ljj/0f -jfof]8f6f _

yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu

;Dks{ M )!!–^^)(^%÷)!!–^^!(%% Email; carrer@biscol.org.np www.biscol.org.np

sd{rf/L cfjZostf -k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltM @)&*.(.@@_ sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf sfo{If]q eO{ ljut !@ jif{b]lv ag]kf, sfe|]knf~rf]sdf ;+rfngdf /x]sf] o; ;+:yfn] sfo{If]q leqsf ;b:oHo"x?nfO{ art, C0f tyf cGo cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ;]jf ;'ljwfx? pknAw u/fpGb} cfPsf] 5 . o;y{ ;+:yfsf] ;]jf lj:tf/sf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf sd{rf/L cfjZostf ePsf] x'gfn] tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's JolQmx?af6 k|yd k6s ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg -@)&* df3 ^ ut] lalxaf/ lbpF;f] # ah]_ leq cfjZos sfuhft ;lxt ;+:yfaf6 pknAw u/fO{Psf] b/vf:t kmf/d lbg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . !_ kbM Teller • :t/ M slgi7 ;xfos • ;]jfsf] k|s[lt M s/f/ • sfo{ ug'{kg]{ :yfg M ag]kf d'Vo sfof{no • z}lIfs of]Uotf M +2 plt0f{ ul/ sDKo'6/df ljz]if bVvn ePsf] .

• pd]/ M !* jif{ k'u]sf] / #% jif{ ggf3]sf] • gful/stf M g]kfnL • ;+Vof M ! hgf • 5gf}6 k|ls|of M cGtjf{tf @_ kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw • :t/ M slgi7 ;xof]uL • ;]jfsf] k|s[lt M s/f/ • sfo{ ug'{kg]{ :yfg M kgf}tL / es'08] • z}lIfs of]Uotf M S.E.E plt0f{ ul/ sDKo'6/df ljz]if bVvn ePsf] .

• pd]/ M !* jif{ k'u]sf] / #% jif{ ggf3]sf] • gful/stf M g]kfnL • ;+Vof M @ hgf -dlxnf jf k'?if_ • 5gf}6 k|ls|of M cGtjf{tf k]z ug'kg]{ sfuhftx? M != gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk @= xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kmf]6f] #= ;+:yfn] pknJw u/fPsf] lgj]bg $= z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk %= sfo{cg'ejsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk ^= JolQmut ljj/0f -afof]8f6f_

kbk"lt{ pk–;ldlt ag]kf—*, ltgbf]af6f], ;Dks{ g+ M )!!—^^!!@), )!!—^^$^^% kgf}tL–^, sfe|], ;Dks{ g+= )!!–$$)#$% gdf]a'4–&, sfe|], ;Dks{ g+= )!!–$)$!$( Website: www.aabhashsaccos.coop.np

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf pTs[i6 5jL agfpg ;kmn ePsf] cfofd art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] nflu tklzndf pNn]lvt sd{rf/Lx? v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{af6 lgo'QmL ug'{kg{] ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx?af6 of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !) lbg leq b/vf:t k]z ug'{x'g ;'lrt ul/G5 . !_ lj1fkg g+= M !÷)&*÷)&( • cfjZos kb M C0f Aoj:yfks • cfjZos ;+Vof M ! hgf • ;]jfsf] lsl;d M s/f/ ;]jf • pd]/ ;d'x M !* jif{ k'/f eO{ #% jif{ ggf3]sf] .

• z}lIfs of]Uotf M :gfts jf ;f] ;/x • 5gf}6 k|lqmof M cGt{jftf{ tyf k|of]]ufTds • tna ;'ljwf M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ x'g]5 . @_ cfj]bgsf] ;fydf k]z ug'{kg{] sfuhftx?

• x:tlnlvt lgj]bg • AolQmut ljj/0f -afof]8f6f_ • ;+aGwLt sfdsf] cg'ej k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk -cg'ej eP_ • gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk • xfn;fn} lvr]sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] ! k|lt • b'O{kfË|] ;jf/L rfns cg'dtLkq #_ cfj]bg lbg] :yfg M ;+:yfsf] d'Vo sfof{no ag]kf -g]kfn a}+ssf] kfl/k§L_ $_ ;Dks{ g+= M )!!–^^@##%, )!!–^^))*), (*$&#*!$$& %_ cfj]bg lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&* df3 @ ut] sfof{no ;doleq

cfofd art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, sfe|]

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

o; PsLs[t art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=df tkl;ndf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] sd{rf/L cfjZostf k/]sf]n] OR5's JolQmn] x:tlnlvt lgj]bg, afof]8f6f, gful/stfsf] k|ltlnkL, z}lIfs÷tflnd÷cg'ejsf] k|df0fkq / @ k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOh kmf]6f] ;lxt ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf b/vf:t cfj]bg kmf/fd e/L k]z ug'{ x'g ;"lrt ul/G5 . tkl;n != lj1fkg g+= M )&*÷&(–! @= kb M ahf/k|ltlgwL #= kb ;+Vof M ! -Ps_ $= z}lIfs of]Uotf M SLC/SEE %= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&* kf}if @( ut] lbpF;f] $M)) ah];Dd ^= b/vf:t kmf/fd kfO{g] :yfg M PsLs[t ;fsf];sf] sfof{no &= b/vf:t b:t'/ M ?= #)).– -kl5 lkmtf{ gx'g] u/L_ *= k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjftf{ (= ;]jf ;'ljwf M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ !)= k/LIff x'g] :yfg M ;+:yfsf] sfof{no !!= jf~5gLo of]Uotf M s_ ;xsf/L ;]jfdf sDtLdf ! jif{ sfd u/]sf] . v_ sDKo"6/ ;DaGwL sfddf bIf ePsf] . u_ b'O{ kfª\u|] ;jf/L;fwgsf] cg'dlt–kq ePsf] . ;+of]hs, kb k'lt{ pk–;ldlt ;Dks{sf] nfluM )!!–$$!$%% -clkm;_

;"rgf kqsf/ cfrf/;l+xtfsf] kfngf u/fF} ;~?rf/dfWodn] 4afnaflnsfsf] dgfl]j1fgdf gsf/fTds c;/ kfgu{]/L, 4ckfu+tf ePsf JolQmnfO{ xfR]ofpg,] cfTd;Ddfgdf rf6] k¥'ofpg] u/L, 4lx;+f, cfts + , cZ?lnntf, ck/fwnfO{ k> | o xg'u]/L, 4kLl8tnfO{ yk kL8flbg,] czQm c;xfo, cNk;V+os dlxnf tyf hi]7 gful/ssf] dofb{f / cfTd;Ddfgdf kl|tsn " c;/ kgu{]/L,

sg'k}lg ;fdfuL|x? ;k+i]|f0f gu/f,F} kqsf/ cfrf/;l+xtfsf] ;Ddfg u/fF} . g]kfn ;/sf/

lj1fkg af]8{ r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .