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ljsf; ltdlN;gf ag]kf ufpFsf l;+xb/jf/ ef8fdf 5g\ . gful/ssf 3/ l;+xb/jf/ agfpg] s;d vfPsf :yfgLo ;/sf/ lgjf{rgsf]
;fF9] ^ jif{;Dd ef8fdf al;/x]sf 5g\ . gful/sx?n] cfˆg} 3/ agfpg g;Sg] l;+xb/jf/ elgPsf ufpFsf ;/sf/n] cfˆg} 3/ agfpg g;Sbf k|Zg p7fpg yfn]sf 5g\ . ufpFufpFdf l;+xb/af/ agfpg] gf/f ;lxt lgjf{rg afFsL @ k]hdf
ca aGg] eof] lhNnf k|zf;gsf] ejg
w'lnv]n÷sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]
w'lnv]nl:yt ;~hLjgL ahf/df lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf] ejg ;DjGwL lgdf{0f Aoj;foL / k|zf;g sfof{no aLr hf/L d'2f ;jf{]Rrn] km};nf u/]sf] 5 . tTsflng k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0faxfb'/ /fptn] ;dodf lgdf{0f ;DkGg gu/]sf] eGb} lgdf{0f Aoj;foLsf] sDkgL;Fu 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf tf]8\b} sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg] lg0f{o u/]sf lyP . @)&% ;fndf ul/Psf] pQm lg0f{osf lj?4 lgdf{0f Aoj;foL pRr
cbfnt uPsf lyP . pRr cbfntn] lgdf{0f Aoj;foLsf] kIfdf km};nf u/] kl5 k|zf;g ;f]lx km};nf pk/ ;jf{]Rr uPsf] lyof] . ;jf{]Rrdf hf/L d'2fdf a'waf/ ePsf] ;'g'jfO{df tTsflng k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0f /fptn] u/]sf] lg0f{onfO{ ;b/ ub{} pRrsf] cfb]znfO{ pN6fO{lbg] km};nf ;'gfPsf] 5 . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] kIfdf km};nf cfP kl5 lgdf{0f Aoj;foLnfO{ sfnf] ;"rLdf /fvL k|zf;g sfof{non] lgdf{0f l9nfO{ eO{ ePsf] Ifltk'lt{ ;d]t pknAw u/fpg' kg{]5 . afFsL @ k]hdf
s'g kflnsfdf s:tf] 5 cj:yf <
vfgLvf]nf ufp“kflnsf sfe|]sf] ljs6 If]qdf kg]{ vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsfsf] cfkm\g} k|zf;lgs ejg 5}g . vfgLvf]nf k'Ug hlt ;s; 5 ejg cefjn] ;]jf k|jfx klg Tolt g} sl7g ag]sf] 5 . ufpFkflnsfn] jif{df !) nfveGbf a9L ef8f lt/]/ sfof{no ;~rfng ul//x]sf] vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsfsf pkfWoIf bf]h]{dfg lhDafn] hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf cg';f/ ;fd'bflos ejgaf6 s]lx ;]jf k|jfx ul//x]klg ;a} zfvfx? ef8fs} 3/af6 ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . j8f gDa/ !, @, ^ / & sf] sfof{no klg ef8f lt/]/ ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . j8f gDa/ #,$,/ % df eg] gofF ejg lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] 5 . dxfef/t ufp“kflnsf vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsfsf] l5d]sL kflnsf dxfef/tn] eg] kflnsfsf] c:yfoL ejg dfkm{t ;]jf lbO/x]sf] 5 . kflnsfsf] :yfoL ejg lgdf{0fsf] qmddf /x]sf] ufpFkflnsfsf ;'rgf clwsf/L lbg]z a:g]tn] hfgsf/L lbP . kflnsfsf * j6} j8fsf] cfkm\g} k|zf;lgs ejg lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 . ljs6 eP/ klg dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf k"jf{wf/ ;DkGg x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . a]yfgrf]s ufp“kflnsf a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsfn] cfkm\gf] kflnsfleqsf ;a} j8f sfof{no ejg ;'ljwf ;DkGg agfO{;Sbf klg kflnsfsf] :yfoL k|zf;lgs afFsL @ k]hdf
egf{ v'Nof] Ûegf{ v'Nof] ÛÛ
Degree
w'lnv]n÷dbfgL la6 ldl8of k|fnLåf/f ;+rflnt …x/]s ;'rgfsf] dGyg kf/blz{tf / lgikIftfsf] k|j4{gÚ eGg] gf/f ;lxt /fli6«o :t/sf] ;+rf/dfWod dbfgL lj6 86sd z'ef/De ul/Psf] 5 . ;"rgfsfsf] ;+jfxsf ?kdf …dbfgL la6ÚcgnfO{gnfO{ lg/Gt/ cl3 a9fpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/dGqL Pj+ k|ltlglw ;ef lgjf{rg If]q gDj/ @ sf k|ltlglw ;ef ;f+;b uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] dbfgL la6 86sdsf] z'ef/De u/]sf x'g\ . lxdfno b[Zodf cfof]lht ljz]if sfo{qmddf af:sf]6fn] lbk k|Hjng ;lxt dbfgL la6 86sdsf] z'ef/De u/]sf x'g\ . ;To, tYo / lgZkIf ;fdfu|LnfO{ kf7s tyf >f]tf / bz{s ;dIf k|:t't ug{] hdsf]{ ;lxt z'ef/De ul/Psf] cgnfO{g kf]6{nn] ;dfhsf x/]s cfofdx?nfO{ dy]n]/ ;To / lgikIf ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ atfPsf] 5 . af:sf]6fn] g]kfnsf ldl8ofx? cfjfhljxLgx?, sdhf]/ AolQmsf kIfdf jsfnt ug{' kg{] atfP . gful/sx?sf] ljZjf;df l6s]sf ;+rf/dfWodx?n] gful/ssf]
kIfkf]if0fdf Wofg lbg] atfpFb} dbfgL la6 ldl8ofn] To;sf] jsfnt ug{ ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . /fHon] lnPsf] gLlt cg'?k ;dfhsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts ?kfGt/0f dfkm{t ;du| d''n''ssf] cy{tGqsf] ljsf;sf nflu o;n] kxnsbdL ug]{ k|wfg ;Dkfbs df]lt/fd ltdlN;gfn] atfP . …;+rf/dfWodx?sf] le8df of] Pp6f ;+Vof dfq} yKg] u/L hlGdPsf] 5}gÚ–k|wfg;Dkfbs ltdlN;gfn] eg]–…Aoj;foLs kqsf/x?sf] ;d'xåf/f Aoj;foLs ?kdf lg/Gt/ x/]s k|x/df ufpF al:t b]lv /fi6« cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf x'g] ljljw 36gf, kl/36gfnfO{ tTsfn} gful/sx? ;dIf k'¥ofpg] zzQm ;+rf/dfWodsf ?kdf lrgfpg] 5f}+ .Ú ljZj;lgotf o;sf] klxnf] zt{ /x]sf] ;Dkfbs Zofd ;fksf]6fn] atfP . cgnfO{gsf ;Dkfbs Zofd ;fksf]6fsf] cWoIftfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf k|ltlglw ;efsf ;f+;bx?, k|b]z ;efsf ;b:ox?, k"j{ /fHodGqLx?, k|b]z ;efsf k"j{ dGqLx?, ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:ox?, ljleGg txsf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx?, pBf]uL Aoj;foL, ;fdflhs AolQmTjx?, ;xsf/LsdL{, lzIff;]jL, afFsL @ k]hdf
sIff sIff
;]d]i6/
k|0ffnL ljifox?
kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldlt k|j]z k/LIff MBS B.Ed.
;]d]i6/ k|yd @)*) kf}if ^ ut];Dd @)*) kf}if !$ ut] zlgjf/ M.Ed. ;]d]i6/ k|yd @)*) d+l;/ @% ut];Dd @)*) d+l;/ @( ut] z'qmaf/ $ jif{] :gfts tx k|yd jif{ sIff ljifox?
P]lR5s g]kfnL, ul0ft, cFu|]hL, hg;+Vof
B.A. Sociology & Rural Development SofDK; k|d'v
