issue_22

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49640/49985/49985/50155/50155/50155/49985/-

57900/58302/58302/50500/50500/50500/58302/-

/fli6o« cflys { u0fgf @)&% Ps hfgsf/L ki[7ed"L ljZjsf clwsfz + dn's ' x?df pBfu], Jofkfl/s PsfOx?sf] cflys { ;/+rgfaf/] hfgsf/L kf|Kt ug{ / tL PsfOx?sf] ;r " L tof/ ug{ tYofÍLo Joj;flos /lhi6/sf] :yfkgf jf cflys { u0fgf ;~rfng ub{} cfPsf] kfOG5 . cflys { u0fgfsf] ;~rfngaf6 ljleGg cfwf/et' cflys { ;r " sx? h:t} >dsf] pTkfbsTj, pTkfbssf] dN"o, cfB}fl]us pTkfbg, Ifdtfsf] pkofu], dfl;s vb'f« ljqmL, dfl;s yfs ] Jofkf/ cflbsf] ljleGg cfwf/et" cflys { tYofÍx? lgoldt?kdf pknAw xG'5g\ . o:t} ljZjdf cflys { ljsf;sf] ult tLat|/ xb'{ } uPsf] / ljleGg cfB}fl]us Joj;fosf cflys { lqmofsnfkx?df klg al[4 xb'F } uPsf] bl]vG5 . o;n] cGttfu]Tjf bz ] sf] cflys { jl[4df ke|fj kf/s ] f] xG'5 . ;/sf/L gLltn] klg cflys { jl[4nfO{ hf8] lbPsf] kfOG5 . o:tf] cj:yfn] ;du| cflys { ;/+rgfsf] cj:yf s] s:tf] /xs ] f] 5 eGGg] ae'mg\k'g{] cfjZostf xG'5 . bz ] sf] ;du| cflys { hutsf] lj:tt[ cj:yfnfO a{ e'mg\ cflys { u0fgfsf] cfl}rTo /xs ] f] xG'5 . cflys { u0fgfsf] ;~rfngaf6 ljleGg cfB}fl]us Joj;fox? / cGo cflys { PsfOx{?sf] lj:tt[ tYofÍLo ;r " gf pknJw xg'] dfq geO{ eljiosf] cflys { ljsf;sf] cgd'fg / tn'gfsf nflu cfwf/klg v8f u5{ . o;n}] gk]fndf klg cflys { tYofÍnfO{ dhat' ug{ cflys { u0fgf ug{' kg{] cfjZostf /xs ] f] bl]vG5 . gk]fnsf] ;du| ljsf;sf] nIo lbuf,] ;dfjz ] L km/flsnf] / lbuf] cflys { ;dfg al[4åf/f ul/aL Gog"Ls/0f ug{' xf] . gk]fnn] o;sf cfjlws ofh]gfx? / jflifs { ah6]x?df ljleGg ljsf; nIox? xffl;n ug]{ sfoq{] mdx? /flvPsf] kfOG5 . ;/sf/L, ;xsf/L tyf lghL tLg} Ifq]sf] Ifdtf tyf /fli6o« cyt{Gqdf /xs ] f] ofu]bfgsf] ;xL] tyf oyfyj{fbL dN'ofs + g clxns ] f] cfjZostf xf] . ;/sf/n] tx]f]| lqjifLo{ ofh]gfdf ;g\ @)@@ ;Dddf gk]fnnfO{ clt sd ljsl;t /fi6s « f] l:yltaf6 ljsf;zLn bz ] sf] kl+Qmdf :t/fG]glt ug{] bl[i6sf0]f /flvPsf] lyof] . :t/fG]glt kl|qmofdf /fi6« ljzi]fsf ljleGg ;r ' sfs + x? tof/ ugk'{ g{] xG'5 . TfL dWo] kl|tJolQm sn' /fli6o« cfo klg Ps xf] . o;sf nflu cfk}rfl/s tyf cgfk}rfl/s cflys { lqmofsnfkx?sf] Jojl:yt ;r " L tyf tL lqmofsnfkx?af6 ;l[ht sf/fj]f/x?sf] ljj/0fjf6 dfly pNnv ] ul/Psf] /fli6o« nv ] fsf tYofÍx? tof/ ul/g' cfjZos 5 . ;fdflhs cflys ljsf;sf nflu ;x;f|AbL nIox?sf] kbrfknfO{ klxNofpbF} gk]fnn] ;g\ @)#) ;Dd lbuf] ljsf;sf nIox? xfl;n ug{] ofh]gfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] ePsf] 5 . o; ;Gbed{f gk]fnnfO{ clt sd ljsl;t /fi6s « f l:yltaf6 ljsf;zLn bz ] sf] kl+Qmdf :t/fG]glt ug{] nIo xfl;n ug{ / lbuf] cflys { al[4 u/L lbuf] ljsf;sf] nIox? kflKt ug{ cfjZos kg{] ax[t cflys { tYofÍx? kf|Kt ug{ klg cflys { u0fgf ckl/xfo{ bl]vG5 . cflys { u0fgfsf] cjwf/0ff cflys { u0fgf Ps ax[t tYofÍLo lqmofsnfk xf] hg' /fli6o« tYofÍ sfofn{ox?af6 sg'} lglZrt ;dofjlwsf] cGt/df ;~rfng ul/G5 . o; tYofÍLo lqmofsnfk cGtut{ bz ] sf] ;Dk0"f{ ee"fu leq ;~rfngdf /xs ] f jf cjl:yt /xs ] f ;a} cflys { PsfOx{?sf] tYofÍLo ljj/0f ;s + ng ul/G5 . o; lqmofsnfk cGtut{ cGt/fl{i6o« cfB}fl]us juLs { /0fdf pNnv ] ul/Psf sx]L v08sf h:t} sl[if, jg / dT:o lqmofsnfkx?, ;fjh{lgs kz | f;g h:tf lqmofsnfkx?afxs ] cGo v08df pNnl]vt ;Dk0"f{ Joj;flos lqmofsnfkx?sf] Ps} ;Gbe{ cjlwdf k0"f{ u0fgf ul/G5 . o;n}] ;Dk0'f{ cflys { PsfOx{? ;DaGwL tYofÍ ;s + ng, ;u+x|, kz | fw]g, ljZni]f0f / tL cflys { PsfOx{?sf] tYofÍLo ljj/0f ks | fzg tyf ljt/0f ug{] ;Dk0"f{ lqmofsnfknfO{ cflys { u0fgf elgG5 . cflys { u0fgfsf] dxTj bz ] sf] cflys { ljsf;sf nflu thd{'f ul/g] cflys { gLlt tyf ofh]gfx?sf nflu dfq geP/ tYofÍLo Jofj;flos /lh:6/ :yfkgf ug{ / x/s ] Ifq]sf pBfu]L, Joj;foL, cg;'Gwfgstfx{? tyf cGo ;db'fosf nflu cf–cfkmg\f] Ifq]sf] ljsf; tyf Joj;fosf] lj:tf/ h:tf sfo{ ofh]gf thd{'f ug{ klg cflys { u0fgfsf] cfl}rTo /xs ] f] 5 . h:tM} ljleGg pBfu] tyf Jofkfl/s ;u+7gx?, RofDa/ ckm sd;{ cflbn] cflys { ljsf; tyf Joj;flos lg0fo{x? ugs { f nflu cflys { u0fgfaf6 kf|Kt xg'] tYofÍLo ;r " gfsf] ko|fu] ug{ ;S5g\ . o:t} ;/sf/L tyf ljsf; ;femb]f/ lgsfox?,

ljZni]fsx?, Jofj;flos ;u+7gx?n] klg cflys { ljsf; ;DalGw gLlt tyf ofh]gfx? thd{'f ug{ klg cflys { u0fgfaf6 kf|Kt xg'] tYofÍx? ko|fu] ug{ ;S5g\ . o;sf ;fy} sg'} klg pBfu]L tyf Joj;foLnfO{ cfkmg\f] Joj;fosf] nufgL ofh]gf thd{'f ug{ / Joj;fo lj:tf/ ug{ klg cflys { u0fgfsf tYofÍLo glthfx? clt pkofu]L xG'5g\ . o:t} ljleGg ;dli6ut cflys { ;r " sx?sf] u0'f:t/nfO{ clejl[4 ug{ / /fli6o« nv ] f cgd'fg ug{ cfjZos kg,]{ ljleGg cflys { tYofÍsf ;f|t]x? lj:tf/ ug{ klg cem cflys { u0fgfaf6 kf|Ktxg'] glthfsf] a9L dxTj /xs ] f5 ] . o;n}] bz ] sf] cyt{Gqdf ;dfjz ] /xs ] f ljleGg cflys { Jofj;flos lqmofsnfkx? dfkg ugs { f nflu lglZrt ;dfofjlwdf ;~rfng ul/g] cflys { u0fgf h:tf] ax[Q/ tYofÍLo lqmofsnfk Ps dxTjk0"f{ sfz ] 9]u'+ f xf] . Jofj;flos kl|t:kwfT{ds l:ylt yfxf kfpg, dn's ' sf] cyt{Gqsf] ljzi]ftfx?sf] jf:tfljstf yfxf kfpg, Jofj;flos PsfOx{?sf] cjl:ylt tyf cfsf/ ;DaGwL ;r " gf kf|Kt ug,{ Joj;fosf] ljleGg ljzi]ftfx? Ps?k, tn'gfTds tyf lj:tt[9u+n] dfkgug{ / sn' ufx:{Yo pTkfbg, pTkfbg tyf dN'o ;r " sfs + , vb'f| ljqmL tyf cGo tYofÍ h:tf cflys { ;r " sx?sf nflu ;xL jG]rdfs{ tYofÍ kf|Kt ug{ klg cflys { u0fgfsf] ckl/xfot{f /xs ] f] xG'5 . gk]fndf lj=;= @)@@ bl]v ;~rflnt cfB}fl]us u0fgfnfO{ cfl+zs cflys { u0fgfsf] ;?'jftsf] ¿kdf ae'mg\ ;lsG5 t/ Ps} ;Gbe{ cjlwdf ;a} Jofj;flos cflys { PsfOx?sf] k0"f{ u0fgf xfn;Dd gk]fndf ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5g} . cflys { tYofÍ dxfzfvf cGtut{ cflys { u0fgf zfvfsf] lj=;= @)&) df :yfkgf ePkl5 cflys { u0fgf ;~rfng ugk'{ g{] bfloTj /xg cfPsf] 5 . o; ;Gbed{f ljleGg cflys { lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng ug{] pBfu], Jofkfl/s kl|ti7fg, tyf ljleGg ;j]fx? pknJw ug{] kl|ti7fg tyf PsfOx?sf] jtd{fg cj:yfaf/] cfwf/et" tYofÍ kf|Kt ug,{ ljleGg tYofÍLo cWoog tyf ;jI]{ f0fx? ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg{] ;Dk0"f{ cflys { PsfOx?sf] ;r " L cyft{ df:6/ :ofDkn km|d]sf nflu tL cflys { PsfOx?sf] Jofj;flos /lhi6/ tof/L ugs { f nflu gk]fndf klg cflys { u0fgf ;~rfng ug{' kg{] cfjZostf dxz;' ePsf] 5 . o;n}] sG]bL|o tYofÍ ljefun] ;g\ @)!* tbg?'k cf=j= @)&$÷&% df gk]fndf ky|d k6s cflys { u0fgf ;~rfng ug{ nfus ] f] xf] . o; u0fgfdf cGt/fl{i6o« cfB}fl]us juLs { /0f v08 A, sl[if, jg tyf dT:o, v08 O sf] ;fjh{lgs kz | f;g tyf /Iff, clgjfo{ ;fdflhs ;/'Iffsf lqmofsnfkx?, v08 T sf] 3/kl/jf/sf lqmofsnfkx? / v08 U sf jfXo ;u+7gsf lqmofsnfkx? afxs ] cGo v08sf Jofj;flos lqmofsnfkx?sf] u0fgf ug{] ofh]gf /xs ] f] 5 . k:|tfljt cflys { u0fgfsf] dn" p2Z]o bz ] df cflys { gLlt thd'{ f tyf cflys { ;fdflhs ljsf;sf nflu lj:tt[ tYofÍLo ;r " gf pknJw u/fpg' xf] . gk]fndf cflys { u0fgfsf] ;~rfngaf6 bz ] e/L 5l/P/ /xs ] f jf ;~rflnt ljleGg ks | f/sf cflys { PsfOx{?sf] cfsf/ tyf ljt/0f ;DaGwL ;xL, ljZj;gLo / ;dod} lj:tt[ tYofÍ pknJw ug{] Jojl:yt tYofÍLo lqmofsnfk xf] . o;sf ;fy} eljiodf ;~rfng ul/g] cflys { u0fgfx?af6 cfk}rfl/s tyf cgfk}rfl/s Jofj;flos bj'} Ifq]x?df ;/+rgfut kl/jtg{x?sf] :j?ksf af/d]f klg ;r " gf kb|fg ug5 ]{ . o; cflys { u0fgfsf] ;~rfngaf6 sn' uf|x:Yo pTkfbgsf] ;/+rgf, Input / output dfkg, pTkfbg tyf dN"o ;r " sfs + / cGo tYofÍLo Ifq]x?sf] km|d]jss { f nflu cfjZos kg{] dxTjk0"f{ cfs F 8fx? klg pknJw u/fpg5] . dn's ' nfO{ ljsf;zLn bz ] df :t/fG]glt ugt]{ km{ jtd{fg rg'ft}Lx?nfO{ ;fdgf ug{ cfjZos kg{] ax[t cflys { tYofÍnfO{ kl/kl"t{ ug{ cflys { u0fgf Ps cTofjZos tYofÍLo lqmofsnfk xf] . gk]fndf lqmofzLn ;a} ks | f/sf Jofj;flos kl|ti7fgx? tyf OG6/kf|Ohh]x?sf] ljj/0f /xg] tYofÍLo Jofj;flos /lhi6/sf] :yfkgf u/L bz ] sf] tYofÍLo ;/+rgfnfO{ dhat' ug{] o; cflys { u0fgfsf] dn" nIo /xs ] f] 5 . gk]fn ;/sf/n] tof/ ub{} u/s ] f] tYofÍ ljsf;sf nflu /fli6o« /0fgLltdf klg ;g\ @)!* gk]fnsf] cflys { u0fgf @)!* sf] cfjZostf / o;sf] ;~rfngsf ljifodf :ki6 pNnv ] u/s ] f] 5 .

gk]fndf cflys { u0fgf ;~rfng ug{ hfkfg ;/sf/sf] kf|ljlws ;xofu] hfkfg ;/sf/sf] cGt//fli6o« ;xofu] lgsfo ;:+yf hfOsf (JICA) n] ;g\ @)!* df gk]fndf cflys { u0fgf ;~rfng ugs { f nflu Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu kf|ljlws ;xofu] /xs ] f] 5 . o;} ;Gbed{f sG]bL|o tYofÍ ljefun] lj=;=+ @)&% z?'df g} gk]fndf ky|d k6s /fli6o« cflys { u0fgf ;~rfng ug]{ u/L ;Dk0'f{ tof/L k/'f u/s ] f] 5 . :ynut tYofs + ;s + ngsf] nflu lj=;=+ @)&$ ;fn rq} ! uta]f6 ;a} && lhNNffdf lhNnf cflYfs { u0fgf sfofN{fo :yfkgf u/L :ynut tYofÍ ;s + ngsf] nflu hgzlQm Joj:yfkgsf] sfd eO/{xs ] f] 5 . /fli6o« cflys { u0fgf @)&% ;DaGwdf ;/fs ] f/jfnfx?af6 af/Daf/ cfpg] / cfpg ;Sg] sx]L kZ|gx?sf] af/d]f bx]fo cg;'f/ ki|6o\fpg] ko|f; ul/Psf] 5 . cflys { u0fgf egs ] f] s] xf] < bz ] leq cl:tTjdf /xs ] f / lqmofzLn ;a} Jofj;flos ks | l[tsf cflys { PsfOx¿ -j:t' pTkfbg tyf ;j]f kb|fg ug{] kl|ti7fg÷Joj;fox¿_ df ku'L u0fgfsf] lgwfl{/t ks | o[f cg;'f/ tfl]sPsf] ;doleq ljleGg cflys { PsfOx¿sf] ljj/0f ;s + ng, kz | fw]g, ljZni]f0f, ks | fzg Pj+ ljt/0f ug{] ;dli6ut kl|qmofnfO{ æcflys { u0fgfÆ elgG5 . cflys { u0fgfdf s] sf] u0fgf ul/G5 < ;o+Q'm /fi6« ;3 + sf] kl/efiffcg;'f/ u0fgfsf] nflu sg'} klg Jofj;flos ks | l[tsf] kl|ti7fgnfO{ u0fgf PsfOsf] ¿kdf lnOPsf] 5, / To;nfO{ lgDgfg;'f/ kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 M ækl|ti7fg eGgfn] Pp6} :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf sg'} lglZrt :yfgdf /xL Ps} jf dV'o¿kn] sg'} Pp6f cflys { lqmofsnfk ug{] jf vf; cflys { lqmofsnfkdf ;n+Ug Pp6f cflys { PsfOnfO{ ae'mfpbF5 .Æ kl|ti7fg egs ] f] s] xf] < cflys { u0fgfdf tYofÍ ;s + ng ug{ nfluPsf] cflys { PsfO g} dn"tM Pp6f kl|ti7fg xf] . Pp6f lglZrt jf Psn (single) :yfgdf cjl:yt jf :yfkgf ul/Psf] cflys { PsfOnfO{ kl|ti7fg elgG5 . o:tf kl|ti7fgn] dV'otof Ps} ks | f/sf dfq cflys { lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng u/s ] f xG'5g\ . kl|ti7fg sg'} klg cfsf/ -Size_, ks | f/ -Type_ / lsl;d -Kind_ sf]] cflys { PsfO xg';Sb5 . pbfx/0ffy{ M ;a} ks | f/sf k;nx¿, c:ktfnx¿, ljBfnox¿, ljZjljBfnox¿, tflnd sG]bx|¿, ;fgf 7n"f xf6]nx¿, rdg]f ux[x¿, btf{ ePsf sl[if Joj;fox¿, j:t' pTkfbg ug{] pBfu]x¿, n kmdx{¿, cl86 kmdx{¿, js }+ x¿, ;xsf/Lx¿, /fhgl}ts kf6Ls { f ;u+7g tyf eft[ ;u+7gx¿, d7 dlGb/, pkefQ]mf ;dx", cflb cflys { PsfO cGtut{ kb5 { g\ . cflys { u0fgf lsg ul/G5 < b]zsf] ;du| cfly{s lqmofsnfkx¿sf] l:yltsf] dN"ofs + g ug{ / pkoQ ' m cflys { gLlt tyf sfoq{mdx¿ thd'{ f ugs { f nflu e/kbf,]{ ;d;fdlos / u0'f:t/Lo cflys { tYofÍsf] cfjZostf kb5 { . ax[t\ / lbuf¿]kdf cflys { tYofÍx¿ pTkfbg ugs { f nflu cflys { tYofÍ k0|ffnLnfO{ dhat' tN'ofpg cfjZos 5 . :yfgLo txaf6 g} tYodf cfwfl/t ofh]gf agfpgsf] nflu :yfgLo tx;Ddsf v08Lst[ tYofÍsf] cfkl"t{ ckl/xfo{ xg' hfG5 . cflys { u0fgfaf6 kf|Kt xg'] tYofÍn] cyt{Gq / cflys { PsfOx¿sf] cfsf/, ks | f/ ;/+rgf, /fh]uf/L nufotsf gLlt lgdf0{fsf nflu cfjZos kg{] ljj/0fx¿ tyf cfwf/et" ;r " sx¿ Ps;}fy pknJw xg'] u/L sG]bL|o tYofÍ ljefun] /fli6o« cflys { u0fgf @)&% ;~rfng ub5 }{ . cflys { u0fgfsf p2Z]ox¿ s] xg'\ < /fli6o« cflys { u0fgf @)&% sf] dV'o p2Z]ox¿df s_ kl|ti7fg tyf Joj;fox¿sf] Jofj;flos lqmofsnfk ;DjGwL jtd{fg cj:yf / o;sf ljQLo kIf;lxt cfwf/et" tYofÍx¿ pknAw

u/fpg,] v_ sG]b,| kb|z ] tyf :yfgLotxsf ;/sf/x¿nfO{ ofh]gf thd'{ f / gLlt lgdf0{f ug{ tYofÍx¿ pknAw u/fpg,] u_ /fli6o« nv ] f k0|ffnLsf] ;b'9[Ls/0f ug{ tYofÍx¿ pknAw u/fpg,] 3_ tYofªs \ Lo Jofj;flos /lhi6/ lgdf0{fsf] cfwf/ v8f ug]{ . ª_ ;DalGwt Ifq]sf Joj;foLx¿ / kf|l1s cg;'Gwfgstf{ tyf cGo tYofÍ ko|fu]stfx{¿nfO{ qmdzM Joj;fo ;dl[4sf] nflu gLlt tyf ofh]gf thd'{ f ug{ / cWoog cg;'Gwfgsf nflu cfjZos kg{] tYofÍx¿ pknJw u/fpg] . r_ ljleGg ljifout cflys { ;jI]{ f0fx¿sf] ;r " Lsf nflu kl|ti7fg, Joj;fo tyf OG6/kf|Ohx¿sf]] ljj/0f -Frame Data_ pknJw u/fpg] /xs ] f 5g\ . cflys { u0fgf s;/L ;~rfng ul/G5 < o; cflys { u0fgfdf gk]fndf lqmofzLn ;a} cflys { PsfOx¿ -kl|ti7fg tyf Joj;fox¿_ sf] 7u]fgf, btf{ tyf :jfldTj l:ylt, Joj;fo ;~rfng cjlw, Joj;fosf] ks | f/, Joj;fosf] zfvf kz | fvfsf] l:ylt, dV"o cflys { lqmofsnfk, /fh]uf/L l:ylt, khF" L nufgL, C0fdf kxr 'F , cflb ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;s + ng ul/g] 5 . gk]fnsf] tYofÍLo Oltxf;df ky|dk6s o; u0fgfdf sfuhL kZ|gfjnL kmf/fdsf ;fy} cgnfOg ;jI]{ f0f (e-census) dfkmt{\ pQ/bftfn] cfkmg\f] Joj;fosf] ljj/0f cfkmF} eg{ ;Sg] / u0fsdfkmt{\ 6o\fjn\6] sDKo6'/ ko|fu] u/L u0fgf ug{ ;lsg] ljlw ckgfObF} 5 . lj=;=+ @)&% ;fn jz } fv ! utb]l]v hi]7 #! ut;]Dd o; ljefuaf6 cflys { u0fgfsf ljj/0fx¿ ;s + ng ug{ kT|os ] 3/bn}f] jf kl|ti7fg Joj;fo :yndf u0fsx¿ cfpg] 5g\ . u0fsx¿nfO{ ;xL / oyfy{ ljj/0f pknJw u/fpg' ;/fs ] f/jfnf ;a} kl|ti7fg tyf Joj;fosf] stJ{o tyf bfloTj xf] . /fi6s « f] cflys { ljsf;df kT|oIf / k/fI]f ¿kdf ofu]bfg ug{] of] Ps cj;/ klg xf] . cflys { u0fgfaf6 s] s] kf|Kt xG'5 < /fli6o« cflys { u0fgf @)&% sf] dV'o ;r " sx¿df != cflys { lqmofsnfkcg;'f/ kl|ti7fgx¿sf] sn' ;V+ofÙ @= kl|ti7fgx¿sf] jw}flgs l:yltÙ #= Ifq]ut kl|ti7fgx¿sf] 3gTjÙ $= lnËcg;'f/ /fh]uf/Lsf] l:yltÙ %= jb}l]zs kh"F Lsf] nufgLÙ ^= sn' l:y/ ;DklQdf ePsf] nufgLÙ &= kl|ti7fgx¿sf] C0fdf kxr 'F , cflb ljleGg ;r " sx¿ kf|Kt xg']5g\ . cflys { u0fgfdf s–s;sf] el"dsf /xG5 < sG]bL|o tYofÍ ljefu gk]fn ;/sf/sf] tYofÍ ;s + ng, kz | fw]g Pj+ tYofÍLo kl|tjb]g tof/ u/L ks | fzg tyf ljt/0f ug{] Ps kd|v ' ;/sf/L lgsfo ePsf] xbF'f ljefuaf6 ;do ;dodf ljleGg u0fgf, tYofÍLo ;jI{]f0fx¿ Tfyf cGo ;f|t]af6 tYofÍx¿ ;s + ng u/L o;sf glthfx¿ ko|fu]stf{ ;dIf k¥'ofpg] ko|f; eO/{xs ] f] 5 . tYofÍs} cfwf/df ofh]gf thd{'f tyf gLlt lgdf0{f xg'] ePsfn]] ;s + lnt tYofÍx¿ ;d;fdlos, e/kbf{] tyf ljZj;gLo xg'' h?/L xG'5 . o;sf nflu tYofÍsf ;Dk0"f{ ko|fu]stf,{ ;/fs ] f/jfnf ;3+;:+yf, gful/s ;dfh, kqsf/ / l;Ëf] /fi6s « } el"dsf Tolts} dxTjk0"f{ /xG5 . / cGTodf, o; cflys { u0fgfnfO{ ;kmntfsf ;fy ;DkGg ug{ ;/fs ] f/ /fVg] gk]fn ;/sf/sf ;a} lgsfox¿, kqsf/, pBfu]L, Joj;foLx¿, zl}Ifs kl|ti7fgx¿, :jf:Yo Joj;foLx¿, u/};/sf/L ;:+yf, ;fgf tyf 7n"f kl|ti7fg Joj;foL tyf ;3 + ;:+yfx¿ / ;Dk0"f{ gful/sx¿sf] ;xofu] tyf ;be\fj kf|Kt xg'] sG]bL|o tYofÍ ljefu tyf lhNnf cflys + u0fgf sfofn{o, sfek|nf~rfs ] n] ckI]ff tyf ljZjf; lnPsf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} tYofÍ Pg] @)!% cg;'f/ Joj;fox¿af6 ;s + lnt ljj/0fx¿ ufK]o /xg] / sj]n ;fdl"xs tYofÍLo ko|fh]gsf nflu dfq pkofu] xg'd]f sG]bL|o tYofÍ ljefu ;DalGwt ;ad}f ljZjf; lbnfpg rfxG5 . -nv ] s tYofÍ sfofn{o, sfek|] nf~rfs ] sf tYofÍ clwst[ xg'x'G'5 _ .

s]Gb| / ============

ugk'{g]{ atfP . …sdr { f/L cefjsf sf/0f hgkl|tlglw ;dt] sdr { f/L xg'\ ls < h:tf] kg{ yfln;SofÚ]–cfrfon{] eg–]…nv ] fkfn ;dt] gxbF'f bl}gs sfdsfh /fl]sPsf] 5 .Ú ay]fGrfs ] ufpkFflnsfsf nv ] fkfn lhNnfsf tLgj6f sfofn{odf sfo/{t 5g\ . dxfef/t ufpkFflnsf, sl[if ljsf; sfofn{odf ;dt] pg} nv ] fkfnn] sfd ubf{ ay]f~rfs ] sf ljleGg j8faf6 ;j]f lng cfpg] ;j]fuf|xLx? dsfd{f k/s ] f 5g\ . lhNnfsf ljifout sfofn{osf sdr { f/Lx? ;dt] ufpkFflnsfdf ku's ] f 5g}g\ . lzIff, :jf:Yo sfofn{osf klg sdr { f/L cfjZos dfqfdf uPsf 5g}g\ . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfofn{on] klg ejgx? x:tfGt/0f u¥of] t/ sdr { f/L x:tfGt/0f gu/s ] f] ufpkFflnsf cWoIf kd]|axfb/' ltdlN;gfn] atfP . sl[if ljsf; sfofn{oaf6 ay]fGrfs ] xflh/ xg' uPsf sdr { f/L af6fd]} x/fO/{xs ] f 5g\ . pgn] sxfaFf6 tna vfO/{xs ] f 5g\ < xfhL/L sxfF xG'5 < ay]fGrfs ] ufpkFflnsfnfO{ yfxf 5g} . xtf/ xtf/df ah6] ljlgofh]g u/] klg ay]f~rfs ] ufpkFflnsfn] &) kl|tzt /sd efl}ts kj"fw{f/sf nflu ljlgofh]g u/s ] f] cWoIf ltdlN;gfn] atfP . #) kl|tzt /sd ;km6\jo]/ sfoq{mddf ljlgofh]g ePsf] 5 . efl}ts kj'fw{f/sf sfox{? wdfwd eO/{xs ] f 5g\ . cgu'dgsf nflu 5§'f–5§'} ;ldlt u7g ePsf 5g\ . pkefQ]mfsf cfkmg\} ;ldlt, j8f sfofn{o / ufpkFflnsfaf6 5§'} cgu'dg u/L sfdnfO{ ke|fjsf/L agfOP{sf] cWoIf ltdlN;gfn] atfP . es ' Dk kLl8tx?n] kf|ljlws cefjdf kg'l{gdf0{fsf] sfo{ cl3 a9fpg ;ss ] f 5g}g . kfi}f d;fGtdf Dofb ;lsG5 eg/] 3/ lgdf0{f z?' gu/s ] f :yfgLox?n] ;dt] kmf/fd e/s ] f lyP .

OlGhlgo/x?n] :yfgLosf] bafasf cfwf/df 3/ lgdf0{f z?' gePklg bf> ] f] ls:tfsf nflu kmf/fd el/Psf] eP klg 5fgljgsf qmddf kmf/fd lhNnfdf gk7fPkl5 :yfgLox?n] lj/fw] u/s ] f lyP . j8f cWoIfx?n] 56's ] f es ' Dk kLl8tx?sf] bf> ] f] ls:tfsf] kmf/fd OlGhlgo/x?n] kd|f0fLs/0f u/] kl5 k7fpg] atfP . ljsf; lgdf0{f, /fhZj nufotsf ljifodf lj/fw] eGbf klg ;xsfo{ u//] cuf8L a9g\] ofh]gfdf rg'fjL kl/0ffdsf sl]x

jfl56fx? afs F L /xs ] f] hgkl|tlglwx?sf] ljZni]f0f 5. sl[if, kz,' ko6{gaf6 cfTdlge/{ ufpkFflnsf agfpg] cleofg z?' ePsf] cWoIf ltdlN;gfn] atfP . …cfns ' f] ;k'/hfg] sfoq{md z?' ePsf] 5, ca kzs ' f] bw' pTkfbgdf ;dt] pQm sfoq{md nfu' u/fpg] tof/L ePsf] 5Ú–ltdlN;gfn] eg–]…ay]fGrfs ] gf/fo0f:yfgsf] kr | f/ k;|f/;uF} xfd]:6s ] f] ljsf;nfO{ kf|yldstfdf /flvg5] .Ú :jl]R5s ;DklQ dN'ofsg+ ug]{ gLlt kf; ul/Psf] 5 eg] ufpkFflnsfsf] sfd ke|fjsf/L agfpg ljleGg ks | o[f cjnDjg u/L sfofn{ox?df l;;L Sofd/]fsf] Aoj:yf, sdr { f/Lx?nfO{ Onl]S6s « xflh/L, Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu ;dt] ofh]gf agfOP{sf] 5 . …xfdL cfkmn}fO{ klg ;l+jwfg cg;'f/sf Aoj:yfsf af/d]f hfgsf/L cfjZos 5, xfdL;uF} gful/snfO{ klg l;x+b/jf/sf] clwsf/ ufpdFf cfOg{;ss ] f] ae'mfpg h?/L eofÚ]–j8f cWoIf eujfg l3ld/n]] eg] –…clwsf/ ;a} cfof] eG5g,\ g ah6], g sdr { f/L, g sfgg' .Ú ^ j6f j8f /xs ] f] ay]f~rfs ] df km/s km/s ljzi]ftf 5g\ . j8f cg;'f/ df/}Lsf] Aoj;foLs vl]t, kzk'lG5sf] Aoj;flos vl]t, cfufl{gs t/sf/L, bw' pTkfbg / bw'hGo kbfys { f] pBfu] vfN]g 5nkmn eO/{xs ] f] 5 . u0'f:t/Lo lzIff ;uF} sl[if SofDk;sf] :yfkgf, c:ktfnsf] yk Aoj:yfkg nufot gful/sx?sf] cfo:t/ al[4 xg'] sfoq{md nfu' ug]{ ufpkFflnsfsf] ofh]gf 5 . ;r + f/sf] dfWodaf6 ;a} sfoq{md hgtfsf] 3/ 3/df k¥'ofpg ufpkFflnsfn] kj|Qmf, ;r ' gf clwsf/L, cfkmg\} ae];fO6{ / kqsf/nfO{ ;o+fh]s agfpg] ljifodf 5nkmn ul/;ss ] f] cWoIf ltdlN;gfn] atfP . kqsf/ dxf;3+ sfe]| zfvfn] cfofh]gf u/s ] f] ;r + f/ / :yfgLo ;/sf/ ljifos sfo{qmddf a]yf~rf]s ufpFkflnsfsf hgkl|tlglwx?n] ofh]gf ;g'fpbF} ug'f;f] AoQm u/s ] f xg'\ . j8f g+ @ sf cWoIf eujfg l3ld/,] j8f g+ # sf cWoIf lbnaxfb/' >i]7, j8f g+ % sf cWoIf vh~]hL nfdfn] hgtfsf] ckI]ff w/]} ePsfn]] ;fr ] ] cg;'f/sf] sfd xg' g;ss ] f]

l:jsf/] . sdr { f/Lsf] cefj eml]n/xs ] f] ;d:of ;g'fpb} pgLx?n] lhNnftxsf sfon{osf sf/0f es " Dk kLl8tn] ;dodf g} ls:tf kfpg g;ss ] f] atfP . kqsf/ dxf;3+ sfes ]| f cWoIf dfl]t/fd ltdlN;gfn] :yfgLo ;/sf/sf ;Defjgf, ;d:of / ;~rf/sf] el'dsf vfH]g cGt/lqmof u/s ] f] atfpbF} sfes ]| f ;a} :yfgLo txdf :yfgLo ;/sf/;uF cGtlqmo{f u/L ;dGjo ul/g] atfP .

lgjb]sx?n] pNnv] u/s ] f 5g\ . pQm wf/fx? sfofG{jog gxbF'f ;l+jwfgsf] wf/f !^, !&, !(, @), @%, @&, #), #!, #@, ##, #%, #^, #&, #*, $@, $$ ;dt]åf/f dfl}ns xs xgg eO{ ;l+jwfg sfofG{jogdf ulDe/ ke|fj k/s ] f] pNnv] ul/Psf] 5 . ;l+jwfgsf] wf/f $^, !##-@),#_ ;dt] xg'] u/L lgjb]sx?n] cfbz ] u/fpg dfu u/s ] f 5g\ .

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t]dfn÷v'Nnf lbzf ePsf] 5f]Kg] cleofgdf t]dfn klxnf] ePsf] 5 . t]dfnsf ;a} j8fx?df zf}rfno k|of]u ug{] kx'r F df gful/s k'u]sf 5g\ . @)^! ;fndf 7'nf] k;{]nnfO{ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 z'? ePsf] cleofg @)^* ;Dd cfO{k'Ubf t]dfnsf & uflj; g} v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm ePsf lyP . @)&@ ;fnsf] e'sDksf sf/0f s]lx zf}rfno Iflt eP . gofF ;/+rgf cg';f/ t]dfnsf & uflj;df ( j8f sfod eP . uflj;df ePsf] cleofg j8f :t/df ljefhg ePkl5 l;Ëf] ufpFkflnsfsf nfO{ v'Nnf lbzf d'Qm 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . vfg]kfgLsf] cefj ePsf] t]dfndf lnkm\6sf] vfg]kfgL Aoj:yfkgsf nflu sfd eO{/x]sf] 5 . lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfocfh{gsf nflu l;kd'ns tflnd / :j/f]huf/sf nflu Aojxfl/s lzIffdf ufpFkflnsfn] of]hgf agfO{/x]sf] cWoIf ;nfdl;+ nfdfn] atfP . tfdfªsf] /fHosf] ?kdf lrlgPsf] t]dfndf a'4lrQsf] v]lt b]lv tfdfª ;d'bfosf] ;+:s[lt emNsg] vfnsf sfo{qmdx? ;Fu} cfly{s ;Dj[4sf nflu of]hgfx? lgdf{0f eO{/x]sf] pkfWoIf b'uf{ nfdfn] hfgsf/L lbO{g\ .

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wl'nvn]sf] bf> ] f] ;ef, !# sfgg' kf;

wl'nvn] gu/kflnsfsf] bf> ] f] ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . gu/kflnsfn] cfjZos Pg], sfgg'x? kf; ub}{ bf> ] f] gu/ ;ef ;DkGg u/s ] f] xf] . zq'maf/ ;efn] kf; u/s ] f ;a} ljifox? hfgsf/L u/fpbF} gu/ ;ef ;r + fngsf qmddf Sofljg6] /fHo dGqL ufs ] n' af:sf6]fnfO{ awfO{ tyf ze'sfdgf ;lxt cGo ljifodf ePsf ultljlwx? hfgsf/L u/fpbF} ;ef ;lsPsf] kd|v ' czfs ] Aof~hn'] 3fi]f0ff u/s ] f lyP . ;efsf] klxnf] lbg ;efdf Goflos ;ldltsf] lgjfr { g ;DjGwL sfofl{jlw, kz | f;lso sfofl{jlw, Pkm Pd /l]8of] Aoj:yfkg tyf ;r + fng sfofl{jlw, ;xsf/L Pg] / sl[if Aoj;fo kj|4{g Pg] kz ] ePsf] lyof] . kz ] ePsf ;a} Pg]x? ;j;{Djt kf; ePsf 5g\ .To:t} cflys { sfofl{jlw lgoldt tyf Aojl:yt ug{ ags ] f] ljwo]s, ahf/ cgu'dg lgbl{] zsf, wl'nvn] gu/kflnsf gu/ ;ef ;r + fng ;DjGwL sfofl{jlw kf; ePsf] 5 . -Sofljg6]_ /fHodGqL ufs ] n' af:sf6]fnfO{ ;efaf6} g} awfO{ tyf ze'sfdgf lbOP{sf] 5 . ;efdf ljlgofh]g Pg], gu/kflnsfsf] lehg kk]/, cfwf/et' :jf:Yo tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;DjGwL sfofl{jlw, gS;f kf; ;DjGwL kl/dfhg{ k:|tfj, pBd ljsf; /0fgLlt ;DjGwL sfgg'x? kf; ePsf] ;ef cWoIf czfs ] Aof~hn'] hfgsf/L lbP . gu/kflnsfnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ !# j6f sfgg' / cfwf/ kq tyf /0fgLlt kq kf; u/L gLltut ;/+rgfsf] hu dhat' agfPsf] gu/ kd|v ' Aof~hn'] atfP .

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/f]lz ufp“kflnsf sfe|]knf~rf]s hGd, afNosfn, cfk}rfl/s lzIffM @)$# ;fn ebf} !% ut] /fz ] L ufpkFflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ l;kfnLdf dWodjus { f] kl/jf/df d/]f] hGd ePsf] xf] . kfr F jifs { f] afNosfn;uF} @)$( ;fndf lxdfno lgdfjLdf d/]f] cWoog z?' eof] . 3/af6 glhs} lyof] . !) ldg6]sf] af6f] dfq} ePsfn] vf;} c;xh lyPg . sIff ! bl]v lgoldt kf; xbF'} uPF . bO'{ efO{ / Ps alxgLnfO{ ;uF} ljBfno nh}fg] u/s ] f] lyPF . ky|d, bf> ] f] xg'] rfxgf xG'Yof] dnfO{ . ;w} ky|d a~]rdf a:g' kbY{of] dnfO{ . t/ slxns ] flFx l9nf] xbF'f bf> ] f] a~]rdf a:g' kbY{of] . c;xh dx;;' xg'] u/s ] f] lyof] . klxnf] a~]rdf a;/] lzIfsx?;uF gcfPsf] s/'f ;fW]g] / l;Sg] qmd rflFx clGtd a~]rdf xbF'g} lyof] . ljBfyLx{?;uF kT|oIf bv ] e6] xg'] ePsfn] ky|d a~]r d/]f nflu cTofjZos g} xG'Yof] . P;P;n;L @)$( ;fndf Tolx ljBfnoaf6 lbPF .

P;Pn;L lbg' cl3 6i]6sf] kl/Iffsf] sl]x lbg cl3 d/]f] ljjfx eof] . dfOt{Ldf bn'fg kmsfp{g hfbFf dfOt{Ld} a;/] kl/Iff lbP/ 3/ kmlsPF{ . 3/d} a;/] dn}] P;Pn;Lsf] cWoog u/s ] f] lyPF . >Ldfgsf] dfdf3/ jflN6Ëdf a;/] sl]x ;do cWoog u/+] . P;Pn;Lsf] an]f lzIfsx?n] ;an}fO{ ;xofu] ug'{ eGg' ePsf] lyof] . kl/Iff rln/xs ] f] lyof] .;a} ljifo d/]f nflu ;fdfGo lyP . lzIfsx?sf] cfzf klg xfdL h:t} ljBfyLx{?;uF lyof] . lxdfno lgdfjLaf6 dfjL agfOP{sf] lyof] . xfdL ;fl]x Aofrsf] klxnf] ljBfyL{ lyof++} . lzIfsx?n] w/]} ljBfyL{ kf; xg'\ eGg] ;fr ] fOn{] xfn]f cfbfg kb|fg u//] nV]g,' ;fyLx?nfO{ klg ;xofu] ug'{ eGg' ePsf] lyof] . ul0ft ljifosf] kl/Iff lyof] . d eGbf kl5 csf]{ Ps hgf ;fyL ul0ftdf sdhf/] xg'x'G'Yof] . zz:q åGåsf] pTsifd{f lyof] . ;b/ds ' fd wl'nvn]sf] ;l+hjgL gdg'f pRr dfjLdf kl/Iff sG]b| lyof] . dn}] ul0ftsf w/]} kZ|gsf] pQ/ nv ] /] /fvs ] f] sfkL k5f8L a;s ] f ;flynfO{ lbPsf] lyPF . kl/Iff ;lsb} lyof] . pgnfO{ sfkL dfu+] Ps l5g Ps l5g eg/] lbPgg\ . kl5 306L nfUof] . sflk dfUg ldng] . uf8x{? 6Gg} lyP . pgn] d/]f] sfkL l:6r pgsd}f nufP/ ae'mfP . d kmn] xg'] lglZrt ePF . plg klg ul0ftdf kf; eP t/ cu+h]|Ldf kmn] eP5g\ . d ul0ftdf # gDj/ gku'/] kmn] ePF . ljjfx u//] 3/df cfO;{ss ] f] lyPF . ;fpgsf] dlxgf k/'s lbg] ;do lyof] . kl/Iffs} lbg Hj/f] 6Gg cfP/ sG]b;|Dd kU'g} ;lsg . kl/Iff g} lbg g;sk]l5 s;/L xg'' kf; < 5f/]L xg'' / ax'f/L xg'' w/]} km/s /x5] . 3/df w/]} sfd lyof] . PSnf] ax'f/L lyPF d . 3/d} k;n lyof] . bw' 8/]L lyof] . 3/, vt], k;n ;a} xg]{ ;d:of g} lyof] . >Ldfg PSn} ePsfn] ;f;,' ;;/'f ;an}] ldn/] sfd ul//xs ] f lyof+} . @)^! ;fndf d af6 bO'j{6f hD'Nofxf ;Gtfg hlGdP . @)^# ;fndf km/]L csf]{ 5f/]L hlGdg . ltDNofxf h;/L g} xfdLn] lt ;Gtfg xs ' fo{f+} . ljBfno 6f9f ePsfn] aRrfx?nfO{ ;d:of lyof] ljBfno hfgsf] nflu . )^% ;fndf xfdL es0'8] a:g yfNof+} . Tolx 3/ agfPsf lyof+} . es0'8] a:g yfnk]l5 aRrfx?nfO{ ljBfnodf egf{ ul/of] . sfd lbp;Ff] gePkl5 dn}] 3/d} km/]L ls/fgf k;n /fv+] . k;n, 3/ rnfpbF} ubf{ dnfO{ P;Pn;L lbg dg nfUof] . d/]f] dfdf3/ ;nfx{Ldf lyof] . ;nfx{L uP/ dn}] P;Pn;L lbPF . plt0{f ePF . P;Pn;L plt0{f kl5 dnfO{ ±@ cWoog ug{ dg nfUof] . es0'8d} /xs ] f] hgs pRr dfjLdf egf{ ePF . lgoldt ±@ plt0{f ePkl5 dn}] Aofrn/ txsf] cWoog klg Tolxaf6 u/+] . snh] uP/ cWoog ug]{ ;do lyPg . 3/, k;n, ptf ledvf/]Ldf /xs ] f] 3/df klg hfg' kg]{ lyof] . 3/ kl/jf/sf] ;xofu]df dn}] @)^( ;fndf Aofrn/ txsf] cWoog u/+] . ljxfg rf8F} / an]s ' f l9nf;Dd a;/] cWoog u/+] . ca df:6;{ cWoogsf] tof/Ldf 5' . ;dosf] Aoj:yfkg ug{ sl7g /x5] . Tolx sl7gtfsf lar cWoog ubf{ /dfOn{f] xg'] /x5] . aa'fn] sIff % / cfdfn] sIff # k9g\' ePsf] /x5 ] . cs + nx?, kmk'n'] klg cWoog ug'{ ePsf] /x5] . k9fO{ eGbf ;Dklt 7n'f] xfO]g{ eGg] lyof] . 3/sf] ;a} sfd ug'{ eGbf klg cWoog ug'{ k5{ eGg] aa'fsf] dfGotfnfO{ xfdLn] klg ;fy lbPsf lyof+} . aa'fcfdfn] d/]f] rf8Ff] ljjfx ug]{ s/'fdf l:jsl[t lbg' ePsf] lyPg . t/ Tof] an]fsf] cj:yf To:t} /x5] . ljBfnodf klxnf] k6s hfbFf aa'f k¥'ofpg hfg' ePsf] lyof] . To; lbg /fP]/} kmsg{ nfus ] f] cj:yf lyof] . t/ klg pxfnF] 5f8/] kmsg{' eof] . an]s ' f c? dfG5x]?;uF kmlsP{F . dnfO{ z?' z?'df ljBfno hfg ;d:of lyof] . ;fgf] ePsfn] af6fs ] f] cj:yf /fdf|] lyPg . af6fd]f le/ ePsfn] lrGtf xg'' :jefljs lyof] . ljxfg 3/df ksfP/ efO{ alxgLnfO{ ;dt] lnP/ hfg] u/s ] f] lyPF . af6fd]f 3f;Fsf] uf7Ff] agfP/ af6fd]f /flvlFbbFf xfdL n8Y\of+} . lstfj 5/La/'L xG'Yof] . cuh| bfOx{?n] u/s ] f] Tof] Aojxf/n] xfdLnfO{ w/]} ;tfOP{sf] lyof] . lzIfsx?nfO{ Tof] s/'f egk]l5 pxfxF?n] ;Demfpg' t eof] . km/]L pxfxF?n] lzIfsnfO{ egs ] f] eg/] xfdLnfO{ xKsfpg' xG'Yof] . d slxNo} lzIfssf] sf/jfxLdf kl/g . Ps k6s lzIfsn] kfr F nf7L xfGg' ePsf] 5 . ;a} ;flyx?nfO{ xfGbf dnfO{ klg nf7Ln] xfGg' ePsf] lyof] . cleefjssf] sf/jfxLdf klg kl/g . gj/fh uft}d / dfx]g pkt]|L d/]f ;fyLx? xg'x'G'Yof] . pxfxF? clxn] Tolx ljBfnodf lzIfs xg'x'bF'f] /x5 ] . pxfxF?nfO{ 6Kg dn}] ;w} dx]gt u/+] . ljBfno :t/df cltl/Qm so[fsnfk xG'Yof] . dn}] xflhl/ hjfkmdf efu lng] u/s ] f] lyPF . Tof] an]fsf] ;dx'sf] gt]f d g} xg'] u/s ] f] lyPF . cfkmg\f] AolQmut Ifdtf eGbf klg ;fdl'xs xflhl/hjfkm kl|tofl]utfdf xfdLn] k/':sf/ kf|Kt u/s ] f lyof+} . lgdfjLdf rf/ hgf s6]Lx? lyof+} . dfljdf cWoog ug]{ an]f sl]x ;flyx? cGoq :sn'af6 ylkP . OlGb/f / d rflFx lgoldt lyof+} . jflN6Ëdf a;/] 6o\;'g k9+] . sfz } n6f/df dfdfsf] 3/df a;/] P;Pn;L kl/Iff lbg wl'nvn] cfPF . ljjfxsf] hLjg ;uF} P;Pn;Lsf] tof/L u/s ] f] lyPF . ljxfg # ah] p7/] sfd ug'{ kbY{of] . dfOt{Ldf vf;} sl]x sfd gu/s ] f] sf/0f xfn]f dnfO{ z?'df sl]x ufxf|] eof] . 5f/]L xg'' / ax'f/L xg's ' f] lhDdj]f/L w/]} km/s lyof] . ufxf|] klg xG'Yof] . ;xglzn / zflng ax'f/L aGg' / 5f/]Lsf] el"dsf w/]} km/s xG'5 . P;Pn;L kf; xG'5' eGg] s/'fsf] dnfO{ ljZjf; kl/Iff glbb} lyof] . ul0ft ljifosf] kl/Iff lbPsf] lbgaf6 dnfO{ Tof] ljifodf kmn] xG'5' eGg] lglZrt eof] . rqm pkt]|L ;fyLn] d/]f] sfkL l:6r u/k]l5 kmn] xG'5' eg+] lzIfsx?nfO{ klg . k/'sdf klg kf; xg' ;lsG5 eGg' ePsf] lyof] . lzIfs / >Ldfgx? ba'n}] ;Demfpg' eof] . P;Pn;L geGb} kmn] ePF . tTsfn cWoog ug]{ cj:yf ePg . k/'ssf nflu kmf/fd klg e/+] . Tolx lbg lj/fdL k//] hfg ;lsg . nIdL kf; xl'G5g eGg] s/'f jflN6ª, l;kfnL, ledvf/]L ;a} :yfgdf lyof] . be'fU{o klxnf] k6s To:tf] xg'' / k/'sdf hfg g;Sg' d/]f] nflu ;xh xg' ;sg] . >Ldfgn] ±@ ;Dd cWoog ug'{ k5{ lk/ gug'{ eGb} ;Demfpg' eof] . ledvf/]L x~'hn] ;Dej klg lyPg . es0'8] cfPkl5 dn}] To;nfO{ ;xh agfPF . /fhgLlts / ;fdflhs ofqfM ;fg} b]lv dnfO{ ;fdflhs sfd ug{] ?rL lyof] . ljjfx kl5 s]lx ;do ledvf]/Ldf Ao:t /x]+ . k;n, 3/v]tsf] sfdn]

8fo/L dgsf] df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf s]6fx? b]Vb} l/; p7\Yof] dnfO{ . dnfO{ dfUg cfPsf] a]nf dfyLaf6 tn g} emlb{g lyPF . sf]7fd} a;]/ vfgf ;d]t gvfPkl5 pxfFx? To;} kms{g' x'GYof] .

OGdfb/, lzlIft ePsfn] pxfF;Fu ljjfxsf] k|:tfj cfPsf] /x]5 . pxfFn] To;a]nf Aofr/n ;ls;Sg' ePsf] lyof] . PSnf] 5f]/f, cWoog klg u/]sf], ljjfx kl5 klg cWoog ug{] cj;/ pknAw u/fpg] k|ltj4tf ul/Psfn] ljjfxsf nflu tof/ ePsf] lyPF . dnfO{ ;fdflhs sfo{df ;xeflu x'g] cj;/ ldn]g . ha d es'08]df cfPF .

To;kl5 dnfO{ ljxfg a]n'sf 3/sf] sfd, k;n ub{} ;fdflhs cleofgdf nfUg ;xh eof] . ul/jnfO{ s]lx ;xof]u ug{] ;f]r cfpFYof] . l;kfnL, ledvf]/L x'Fb} es'08];Ddsf] ofqf ;xh eof] . >LdtLx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug{] s'/fdf >Ldfgx?sf] ;f]r abNg] cleofg lj:tf/} z'? u/]+ . ledvf]/Ldf >Ldfgx?n] >LdtLnfO{ sfddf ;xof]u ug{' k5{ eGg] cleofgnfO{ s]lx ;do g/fd|f] nfUof] k'?ifx?nfO{ . kl5 pxfFx?n] ;Demg' eof] . afnaflnsfx?nfO{ :6]zg/L ;xof]u ug{] b]lv dlxnfx?sf] zzlQms/0fsf nflu d]/f] cleofg /x\of] . dlb/f lgz]lwt cleofg z'? ug{] s'/f Tof] a]nf klg z'? ePsf] lyof] . clxn] klg /f]zL ufpFkflnsfdf Tof] cleofg z'? ug{] tof/L 5 . rfF8f] ljjfx ug{' /fd|f] xf]Og{ . cWoogdf cj/f]w, zfl/l/s / dfgl;s ?kdf klg dlxnfx?nfO{ ;d:of x'G5 . a'em\g] kl/jf/ / >Ldfg x'bF f t ;xh x'G5 t/ klg zfl/l/s ?kdf klg dlxnfx?nfO{ c;xh x'G5 . d]/f] kl/jf/df /fd|f] eof] / t d cl3 a9\g ;s]+ . ljjfx u/]sf] nfdf] ;do kl5 d}n] cWoog ug{] ;f]rfO{nfO{ klg pxfFx?n] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' eof] . es'08] a:bf a:b} d g]kfn dlxnf;F3sf] ;b:o ePF . d]/f] ;;'/f, >Ldfg /fhgLltdf cfj4 x'g' ePsf] /x]5 . pxfFx?sf] sf/0f dnfO{ yk ;xh eof] . es'08] al;/xFbf g]kfn dlxnf ;+3sf ljleGg kbdf /x]/ sfd ug{] cj;/ ldNof] . >Ldfg !% jif{ b]lv /fhgLltdf x'gx' G' 5 . ledvf]/L uflj;sf] k|ltlglw x'gx' bF' f] /x]5 . kf6L{sf] sf]iffWoIf eP/ ljleGg If]qdf s[oflzn x'gx' G' Yof] . ljb'/k|;fb atf{n} f xf] >Ldfgsf] gfd . :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf pxfFsf] / d]/f] b'as } f gfd l;kmfl/;df k¥of] . d}n] dnfO{ geP >LdfgnfO{ lbFbf klg x'G5 eg]sf] lyPF . pkfWoIfsf nflu xfdL tLg hgfsf] gfd l;kmfl/; ePsf] lyof] . xfdL aLr s'g} ljjfb lyPg . >Ldfg Aoj;foL klg x'gx' GYof] . kf6L{n] >LdfgnfO{ j8f cWoIfdf glbP/ pkfWoIfdf dnfO{ lbg] ;Nnfx eP5 . b'a} hgfnfO{ l6s6 lbg ;Dej ePg . pxfFn] j8fdf eGbf ufpFkflnsfdf cWoIfsf nflu cfkm'nfO{ of]Uo ;Demg' ePsf] lyof] . l6s6 kfPkl5 dnfO{ lhT5' h:tf] nfUof lyof] . lsgsL d]/f] dfjnL, 3/, >Ldfgsf] dfjnLdf d}n] ;a} dfG5] lrg]sf] lyPF . pxfFx?sf] ;xof]un] klg dnfO{ yk lrgfO{/xg' ePg . dtu0fgf eO{/xFbf dnfO{ dgdg} 8/ t nfUof lyof] t lhT5' eGg] lyof] . geGb} ljhoL klg ePF . ;a} dtbftfnfO{ wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . lgjf{rg ePsf] s]lx ;dod} xfdLn] ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{' kg{] cj:yf cfof] . dlxnf, afnaflnsf If]qdf ah]6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . k'jf{wf/sf ljleGg sfo{qmd 5g\ . ;'Ts]/L dlxnfx?sf] pkrf/sf nflu, h]i7 gful/s AolQmx?sf nflu klg /sd ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . ufpFkflnsf;Fu y'k|} ck]Iff 5g\ . GofoLs ;ldlt u7gsf] tof/Ldf 5 . ljleGg cleofg / sfo{qmd dfkm{t xfdL /f]zLsf hgtfnfO{ ;Dj[4 agfpg] cleofgdf 5f}+ . bf]>f] kl/ifb\af6 xfdL s]lx sfo{qmd ug{] of]hgfdf 5f}+ . /f]zL ufpFkflnsfdf a}7s eQf klg ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5}g . :yfgLo ;/sf/ sfg'g cefjsf sf/0f klg ultlzn x'g ;s]sf 5}gg . s]lx sfg'g xfdL cfkm}n] agfPsf 5f}+ .

zfl/l/s ;Dks{M hLGbuLsf] pkof]u .

k|]d / ljjfxM k|]d ug{] ;do lyPg . sIff ( b]lv g} dnfO{ ljjfxsf nflu dfUg cfPsf lyP . w]/} :yfgaf6 dfUg cfpFbf klg a'af cfdfn] dfGg' ePsf] lyPg . emg\ d}n] t dfGg] s'/f g} ePg . sIff !) cWoog ubf{ ub{} ljjfxsf]

k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{sf] ljxfgL lrGtg sfo{qmd cGtu{t zlgjf/sf] lbg ul/Psf] JolQmsf] JolQmut hLjgsf ef]ufO{ af/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/f+z . k|ltlqmofsf] nflu M motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

k|:tfj cfof] . a'afsf] dfdfn] a'afnfO{ slGe; u/fpg' eof] . dnfO{ klg cg'/f]w klg ug{' eof] . d]/f] >Ldfgsf] 3/ ledvf]/Ldf lyof] . df3 * ut] ljjfxsf nflu >Ldfgsf] tof/L ePsf] /x]5 . hf] ;Fu pxfFsf] ljjfxsf nflu s'/f eof] pxfF df3 $ ut] dfcf]jfbLsf] hgo'4df lg:sg' eP5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] o'4df uPkl5 pxfFnfO{ csf{] s]6Lsf] vf]hL eP5 . a'afsf] dfdfn] efGhf]sf] 5f]/L 5g\ eg]/ d]/f] 3/df cfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . rf/ lbgsf] aLrdf pxfFx?n] ljjfx ug{' kg{] afWotf kl5 d]/f] s'/f ePsf] /x]5 . d t cWoog ul//x]sf] lyPF . ljBfnodf ;flyx? / lzIfsx?n] klg Tof] s'/f yfxf kfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . dnfO{ x/]s s'/fdf slGe; u/]kl5 c? w]/} :yfgaf6 dfUg cfpFbf klg gdfg]sf] eP klg Tof] s'/fdf slGe; eP5' . lbg / nug cfPkl5 ljjfx x'g] /x]5 . s]6fx? b]Vb} l/; p7\Yof] dnfO{ . dnfO{ dfUg cfPsf] a]nf dfyLaf6 tn g} emlb{g lyPF . sf]7fd} a;]/ vfgf ;d]t gvfPkl5 pxfFx? To;} kms{g' x'GYof] .

OGdfb/, lzlIft ePsfn] pxfF;Fu ljjfxsf] k|:tfj cfPsf] /x]5 . pxfFn] To;a]nf Aofr/n ;ls;Sg' ePsf] lyof] . PSnf] 5f]/f, cWoog klg u/]sf], ljjfx kl5 klg cWoog ug{] cj;/ pknAw u/fpg] k|ltj4tf ul/Psfn] ljjfxsf nflu tof/ ePsf] lyPF . ljjfx kl5sf w]/} ef]ufO{ /x] . 3/sf] sfd;Fu} lhDd]jf/L w]/} lyof] . k;n, v]ltkftL, a:t'efp, b'w 8]/L . v]tdf ltgafnL nfUYof] . km]/L h'DNofxf aRrf hlGdP . ;a} lhDd]jf/Ln] dnfO{ ylklbPsf] lyof] . /fd nId0f hlGdP kl5 lhDd]jf/L cem} a9fof] . csf{] aRrf klg hlGdPkl5 xfdLn] aRrfx?s} eljZosf nflu es'08]df a;]/ sfd ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf lyof}+ . 8]/L 5fl8lbof}+ . v]ltkftLsf nflu es'08]af6} hfg] of]hgf agfof}+ . >Ldfgsf] k'0f{ ;xof]u / ;fy /x\of] . slxNo} rfF8f] ljjfx u/]5' h:tf] nfu]g . ;w}sf] pxfFsf] ;fy / ;xof]un] dnfO{ oxfF;Dd Nofpg ;xof]u k'¥ofof] . efjL of]hgfM kfFr jif{ hgtfs} nflu ;do vr{g]5' . 3/ Aojxf/ ldnfpFb} ;fdflhs cleofgdf s[oflzn x'g] d]/f] k|ltj4tfnfO{ >Ldfg / kl/jf/n] ;fy lbPsf] 5 . of] lardf d}n] d]/f] cWoognfO{ k'/f ug{]5' . df:6{; / PnPnaL cWoog ug{] tof/Ldf 5' . hgk|ltlglwsf] ;do 5p~h]n dfq} xf]O{g ef]nL klg d /f]zL ufpFkflnsfsf nflu s]lx ug{] ;f]rdf 5' . lhDd]jf/Ldf x'Fbf w]/} ul/Pnf gx'Fbf klg Tolt g} ug{] ;f]rdf 5' . d x'Fbf dfq} xf]O{g gx'Fbf klg ;xof]u ug{]5' / s[oflzn x'g]5 . hLjgM ;+3{ifsf] d}bfg . k|]dM afFRg] cfwf/ . ljjfxM Ps csf{sf] k'/s .

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pGglt xf] eGg] ;f]rsf sf/0f g]kfnsf o'jf ljb]lzg] j|md g/f]lsPsf] xf] . d ;'Gb/ zfGt / ;d[4 g]kfn aGg]df cfzfjfbL 5' lsgls xfdL;Fu nf]stflGqs zf;g k4lt 5 . hgtfdf r]tgfsf] lj:tf/ b|t' ultdf eO/x]sf] 5 . ha ;/sf/ / hgtfsf] ;f]r, st{Jo / bfloTjsf] no ldN5 ta g]kfnLn] cfˆgf] nIodf k'Ug ;S5g\ . · dfof k|d ] df kg'e { Psf] 5 < k|d ] df ;]S; lsg ;fdfGo ePsf] xf]nf < pd]/df dfof k|d] df gkg]{ dflg; ;+;f/df sf] xf]nf / d ckjfb xf]pmF < xf] cfˆgf] x[bosf] k|d] cg'el" tnfO{ s;}n] JoSt u5{g,\ s;}n] JoSt gu/L hLjge/ ToxL k|d] sf] ;'Gb/ efjsf] cfgGbdf 8'A5g\ . k|d] df ;]S; lsg ;fdfGo ePsf] eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/df olQ eGg rfx]F – ;]S;nfO{ ;fdfGo lnFbf dfq} xfdL ljs[ltaf6 aRg ;S5f}F . · cGTodf======== dnfO{ :yfg lbg'ePsf]df wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . tkfO{Fsf] ;b\efjn] dnfO{ ce}m o; If]qdf l;l/o;nL nfUg xf};nf a9fOlbPsf] 5 .

k|]; sfplG;nsf] cfklQ sf7df8f}÷dl;+/ @! ut] k|ltlglw;ef tyf k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg ko{j]If0fsf] gfddf o'/f]lkog o'lgogåf/f hf/L k|ltj]bg k|]; sfplG;nsf] u7g ljlw, sfo{If]q, e"ldsf / k|efjIf]qsf] j:t'ut ljZn]if0f / tYok/s hfgsf/L g} g/fvL txL?kdf ul/Psf] eGb} k|;] sfplG;n g]kfnn] ulDe/ cfklQ hgfpFb} b'v AoQm u/]sf] 5 . sfplG;nsf] a7}saf6 sltko unt, ef|ds / cfwf/xLg ls6fgL ul/Psf] / ;3 + Lo nfs ] tflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ ;:+yfut ug{ ;j} ju,{ tx tKsfsf hg;db'fosf] ev/{ ;DkGg cfdlgjfr { gdf pT;fxhgs ;xeflutf /xs ] f] kl/kI]|odf o/'fl]kog o' l gogsf] k| l tj] b gn] cfkm} + d f laZj;gLotfsf] ;s + 6 kb}f u/s ] f] eGb} ;3 + Lo ;/+rgfsf] klxnf] ko|fu] ub{} /xs ] f]

gk]fn /fi6« / o;sf cljefHo lgofds lgsfox?dfly ul/Psf] o;vfn] l6Kk0fL kl|t k;]| sfplG;n gk]fnn] cfklQ ks | 6 ug]{ lg0fo{ u/s ] f] sfoj{fxs cWoIf lszf/] >i]7n] hfgsf/L lbP . …axb'nLo / vN'nf ;dfhdf JolQmsf cf–cfkmg\f jr } fl/s cf:yf xg' ;Sb5g\ / o;nfO{ JoQm ug{] bn'e{ cj;/ ;j;}u+ ;/'lIft /xg] ub5{ . of] JolQmsf] g;}lus { clwsf/ xf] . hg' stJ{o lgjfx{sf] bf/}fg sxLF stk}lg ks | 6 xg'] ubg{} . o;nfO{ cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] cGt/fl{i6o« cga'Gwn] lgljj{fb?kdf kT|ofet" klg u/s ] f] 5 . t/ o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf] pk/f]Qm k|ltj]bgdf JolQmsf] Goflos / g};lu{s l;4fGtnfO{ ;fdfGo?kdf ;d]t Vofn ul/Psf] kfOPgÚ–a}7s kl5 hf/L ul/Psf] k|;] sfplG;nsf] lj1KtLdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

KofA;gsf] gof“ zl}Ifs ;qsf] Sofn0]8/ / cfrf/ ;l+xtf tof/ bu'f{ sfsL÷ { agk]f gLlh tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno cug{fOh;]g gk]fn KofA;g sfes ]| f] lhNnf en]f jgk]fdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pkfWoIf ;/f]h Gof}kfg]n] k|:tfljt jflif{s kfqf] tof/ ul/ k|:t't u/]sf lyP . cg'zf;g ;ldlt ;+of]hs e/t axfb'/ s]=;L= n] cfrf/ ;+lxtf k|:t't u/]sf lyP . KofA;g sfe|s ] f cWoIf ;Togf/fo0f >]i7sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg e]nfdf z}lIfs ;q @)&% sf] jflif{s z]l} Ifs kfqf] tyf ;b:o ljBfno ljr ljBfno ;~rfngsf] qmddf kfngf ug{' kg]{ cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] 5nkmn ul/ e]nfaf6 kfl/t ul/Psf] lyof] . pkfWoIf k0'f{ sd'f/ >i]7sf]

:jfut /xs ] f] sfoq{mddf sG]›Lo KofA;gsf cgz ' f;g ;ldltsf ;o+fh]s /lj >i]7, sG]›Lo KofA;gsf ;lrj led;g] s=];L=, sG]›Lo KofA;gsf ;b:o lx/f zdf{ gk]fn, pkTosf ljzi]f kb|z ] sf ;lrj /fddl0f ;fksf6]f, ;x sfi]ffWoIf gjLg ;fksf6]f / /dz ] >i]7sf] pkl:ylt /xs ] f] lyof] . KofA;g sfes ]| f ;b:o ljBfnosf ;:+yfks lkl|G;knx?sf] pkl:ylt /xs ] f] pQm lhNnf en]fsf] ;~rfng ;lrj dxG]› lyªn] u/s ] f lyP . ag]kfsf] k~rsGof a]GSj]6df cfof]lht sfo{qmd kl5 gofF z}lIfs ;qdf lhNnfdf /x]sf] KofA;gsf ;b:o ljBfnodf c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ gx'g] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/

ag]kf÷g]kfn /]8qm; ;f;]fO6{Ln] sfl]/og /8]qm;sf] ;xofu]df lgdf0{f u/s ] f tLg j6f :jf:Yo rfs } L ;d'bfonfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/s ] f] 5 . /8]qm; dfkmt{ lhNnfdf !@ j6f :jf:Yo rfs } L lgdf0{f ug]{ ;Demft}f ePsf] lyof] . afs F L :jf:Yo rfs } Lsf] lgdf0{f sfo{ z?' ePsf] 5 . wl'nvn] gu/kflnsfsf] j8f gDj/ @ /ljcfk]L, kgft}L gu/kflnsfsf] j8f gDj/ ! /ofn] / agk]f gu/kflnsfsf] j8f gDj/ !@ dxG]bH|oft]Ldf lgdf0{f ;DkGg ePsf :jf:Yorfs } L :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ /8]qm;n] x:tfGt/0f u/s ] f] xf] . ;f;]fO6Lsf sl]Gbo| cWoIf ;GhLj yfkfn] :yfgLo ;/sf/sf kl|tlglwx?nfO{ :jf:Yo rfs } Lsf] ;fr F f] x:tfGt/0f u/s ] f lyP . :jf:Yo rfs } L ejg;uF} pks/0f ;dt] x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] xf] . /8]qm;n] es " Dk kl5sf] kg'lgdf0{f / kg'n{fe sfoq{mddf sfo{ ul//xs ] fn] :jf:Yo rfs } L lgdf0{fsf] sfdnfO{ kf|yldstf lbPsf] cWoIf yfkfn] atfP . /ljcf]kLdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf ;+of]hs p4j s];Ln] e"sDk kl5sf] k'glgdf{0fnfO{ ;kmn agfpg ljleGg ;+3;+:yfsf] sfdnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpFb} n}hfg' kg{] atfP . :jf:Yo dGqfnosf hg:jf:Yo k|zf;s /d]z clwsf/Ln] :jf:Yo ;+:yf k'glgdf{0fdf l9nfO{ ePsf] atfP . sf]l/og /]8qm;sf g]kfn k|ltlglw

;gxL lsdn] b'O{ aif{bv ] L e"sDkkl5sf] k'glg{df{0fdf g]kfn /]8qm; dfkm{t ;xof]u ub} cfPsf] atfO{g\ . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf pkk|dv ' ljdnf zdf{n] :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf] :jf:Yo ;]jfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] atfO{g\ . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gfn] :yfgLo ;/sf/df :jf:Yo ;+:yf cfO;s]sfn] o;sf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / dd{t ;Def/sf] lhDd]jf/L lng'kg{] atfP . sfo{qmddf :yfgLo p4j rf}nfufO{, an/fd sf]O/{ fnf, :jf:Yo rf}sL OGrfh{ g]qk|;fb ;fksf]6f, :jf:Yo rf}sLsf cWoIf ch{'g Gof}kfg] nufotn] :jf:Yo rf}sL lgdf{0fn] :yfgLox?nfO{ ;xof]u k'u]sf] atfPsf lyP . /]8qm;n] sfe]| lhNnfsf agv'rf}/, kmnfd]6f/, afN6Lª, ;fgf]jfª\ynL, uf]7kfgL, kf]v/Lrf}/L, HofDbL, r08]gLd08g, dx]Gb|Hof]tL, /ofn] / /ljcf]kLsf] lhDd]jf/L lnPsf] lyof] . /ofn]df cfof]lht sfo{qmddf g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO{6Lsf s]lGb|o cWoIf ;~hLa yfkf, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf k|d'v led Gof}kfg], j8f cWoIf u'0fgfy ;fksf]6f nufotn] :yfgLoaf;Lx?nfO{ :jf:Yodf ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] atfP . ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !@ dx]Gb|Hof]tLdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb], /]8qm;sf sfe|] ;efklt /3'j/ rf} k|wfg, j8f cWoIf nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP

dxfef/t ufpk“flnsfdf zl}Ifs u0'f:t/sf af/d]f cGtl{qmof /]vaxfv'/ /vfn÷3lt{5fk dxfef/t ufpF k flnsfsf] cfof]hgf tyf dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf >f]t s]Gb|sf] ;dGjodf ufpFkflnsfdf /x]sf ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofksx?, kqsf/, /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwx?;Fu u'0f:t/L lzIf0f ;DjGwL Ps lbg] cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L 8f= lbk]Gb| u'?Ësf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf /x]sf] lyof] . cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDafsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf j8f gDj/ * sf cWoIf 6]saxfb'/ cfn]nn] ] :jfut dGtAo ;lxt dxfef/t

If]qsf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/sf nflu ckgfpg' kg{] ljwL / ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] e"ldsfsf af/]df dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{ q mddf 8f= u' ? Ën] 8fF8fkf/Lsf] dxfef/tnfO{ l:jh/Nof08 agfpg ;lsg] vfnsf sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/L ljBfnosf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/nfO{ ;a} kIfaf6 ;xof]u x'g' kg{] atfP . sfo{qmddf lzIff kl/of]hgfsf z/b e08f/Ln] ef}lts ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0f gx'bF f klg ljBfnodf cWoogdf ;d:of k/]sf] atfP . sfo{qmddf OlGhlgo/ ;f]let >]i7, >]of emf, ;a OlGhlgo/ lgh{n af]xf]/f, ufpFkflnsfsf k|ltlglwx? nufotsf ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

agk]fsf] % g=+ j8fdf cleofg z?' ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] ;f}gb\{ o{tf sfod ug]{ l;nl;nfdf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf ^, & / * gDj/ j8fsf] cleofg kl5 ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ % n] cleofg z'? u/]sf] 5 . c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] km'6kfy;Fu} leqL zx/nfO{ ;'Gb/ agfpg j8fcWoIfx?sf] ;lqmotfdf cleofg z'? ePsf] xf] . ag]kfsf] js'6f]n u0f]z:yfg b]lv r08]Zj/L dfu{df /x]sf] kmf]xf]/ x6fpg] Pj ;8sdf kmf]xf]/ kmfNg], y'kfg]{ sfo{ lg?T;flxt ug{ cleofg z'? ul/Psf]

cWoIf an/fd clwsf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . ag]kf g=kf j8f g % sfof{no, lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfn ag]kf / Fountain View Academy Canada sf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xsfo{ tyf j8f afl;x?sf] ;xeflutfdf cfO{taf/af6 cleofg z'? ePsf] xf] . ;8sdf kmf]xf]/ kmfNg glbg] / kmflnPsf] kmf]xf]/sf] Aoj:yfkg tyf kmf]xf]/ kmfNg]nfO{ s8f sf/jfxL ug{] hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] 5 . kmf]xf]/sf] Aoj:yfkg kl5 km'6kfy / zx/ ;'Gb/ :jR5 agfpg] cleofgnfO{ lta|tf lbg nfluPsf] 5 .

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Admission open in Grade 9

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Banepa NIST School

"Every Student has the capacity to Excel,Education must be fostered within by connecting not directing". ag]kf lg:6 :s'nlj=;+= @)^* ;fnb]lv ag]kfdf sIff !!÷!@ lj1fg / Joj:yfkgdf Academic Development Theme df ;~rfng eO/x]sf] oxfFx?nfO{ cjut g} 5 . /fli6«o lzIff gLltn] ljBfno ;+/rgfdf NofPsf] kl/jt{g ;Fu} o; ljBfnodf qmdzM ;Dk"0f{ ljBfno sIffx? ;~rfng ug]{ tof/L cg'?k z}lIfs ;q @)&$ b]lv sIff ( ;~rfng u/L dfWolds tx -(—!@_ sf] kf7\oqmddf /xL /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o z}lIfs lqmofsnfk cg';f/ ;~rfng eO /x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f} ;fy} lgs6 eljiodf plrt ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] tof/L kZrft cfwf/e"t tx -!—*_ ;~rfngdf NofOg] hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f} . cfh dfWolds lzIff -(—!@_ df u/]sf] nufgL casf] !) jif{ kl5 ;fdflhs cfjZostf cg'?k x'g' cfjZos 5 . To;}n] /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;fdflhs ;+/rgf / cfjZostfnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ Overall Development ConceptdfBalance Schooling Philosophy df cfwfl/t /xL Science Based ThemedfBanepa NIST Schoolsf ;Dk"0f{ z}lIfs lqmofsnfk tyf oj:yfkg cufl8 a9L /x]sf] 5 . jt{dfg ;dodf kf7\oqmd cg';f/ sIff ( b]lv g} k|of]ufTds sIffnfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbOPsf] ePklg k"0f{ ?kdf sfof{Gjog gePsf] cj:yfdf k"0f{ ?kdf k|of]ufTds sIffdf s]lGb|t eO{ dfWolds lzIff ;~rfng ubf{ pRr lzIffdf a9L /fd|f] ug{ ;lsG5 . To;sf] nflu dfWolds lzIff (—!@_ nfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf Practical Based ug{ sIff !! / !@ df h:t} sIff ( b]lv g} @$ j6f Practical Labdf g} Practical Class u/fOg] 5 ;fy} EPH, Social Studies, English / g]kfnLsf] 5'§} k|of]ufTds k'l:tsf agfO{ Field Visit, Project Work, Activities Observation and Group Discussion u/fO{ lgoldt sIff dfkm{t Presentation / :s'n JofkL k|bz{gL u/fO cfjZos 1fg / l;k l;sfOg] 5 . z}lIfs ;q @)&% b]lv P]lR5s lj1fgsf] cWoog ;d]tsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .;fy} dfWolds tx kl5sf] pRr lzIffdf ;xh kx'r F sf nflu sIff ( b]lv g} l;sfO a'emfOsf] :t/ j[l4 u/L ;du| JolStTj ljsf; ug{ ljz]if sIffx? (Entrance Class) ;~rfng u/L pRr lzIffsf] hfgsf/L ;lxt pTk|/] 0ff k|bfg ul/g]5 . sIff !! / !@ dfxfn /x]sf] Academic Development nfO{ (—!@ df nlug'sf] ;fy} Overall Developmentsf nflu cfjZos cltl/St lqmofsnfkdf plrt sfo{qmdx? lgoldt ul/g]5 / (—!@ nfO{ Pp6} z}lIfs jftfj/0f / Pp6} :yfgdf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . k/LIff s]lGb|t ;f]r eGbf klg tx / kf7\oqmd cg';f/sf] 1fg, l;k, Ifdtf / cfTdljZjf; a9fpg] ;+:yfsf] ;f]rnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbFb} :jod\ ljBfyL{n] dx;'; ug]{ cg'zf;g, ;+:sf/ / dfgjLo d"No dfGotfnfO{ cfTd;fy ug]{ u/fpg] cfGtl/s jftfj/0fnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf ;lxt eljiodf k|fljlws / ;fdflhs ljifodf pRr lzIff ;xh} cWoog ug{ ;Sg] ;Ifd ljBfyL{ agfpg Balance Scholing cg';f/ ;Dk"0f{ z}lIfs lqmofsnfk u/fOg] 5 . tkfO{x+ ?sf] lzIffk|ltsf] b[li6sf]0f, cfjZostf / eljiosf] ;f]rsf cfwf/df xfdLnfO{ ;'emfj ;Nnfx ;lxt z}lIfs ;q @)&% sf] sIff ( sf] egf{ ;DaGwL sfo{qmd, z}lIfs lqmofsnfk jftfj/0f, z'Ns tyf 5fqj[lQ ;DaGwL hfgsf/Lsf nflu ljBfnodf xflb{s :jfut ub{5f}+ .

More than just a School

Banepa NIST School Banepa-9, Nayabasti, Kavre Phone No.: 011-660792, 662355

Japanese Way_________________________________ Are you looking for a quality kindergarten for your kids?

So, we are here in Banepa

Banepa-3, Kavre, Nepal Phone No. 011-664580 Email: hikarikg@yahoo.com

"BANEPA HIKARI KINDERGARTEN" has open ADMISSION to your kids to the kinder world for 2075.

# We are based on Japanese Method where kinder education started in 1876 # We exchange culture between Nepal and Japan. # We uses play based methods. # We are familiar with childhood and we know very well that kindergarten is bridge to school, child development and learning. # We have capacity to create effective classroom environment and field trips that facilitates learning, social interaction, self motivation, nature and culture. # We are highly concerned about children health. # Parents are the pivotal for their kids. So we council parents regularly.

Our Facilities: # Kids friendly buildings and play ground. # Enough teach materials (Toys, indoor and our door games) # Nutritious food and safe drinking water. # Regular Health Check-up # Excursion (A day long Tour), swimming, sports, #Seasonal Field Trip # Regular parent interaction

wl'nvn] h;]Lh / wl'nvn] hl'go/ h;]Lhsf] ;o+Q ' m kb:yfkg

nf]saxfb'/ yfkf÷w'lnv]n w'lnv]n h];Lhsf] !( cf}+ tyf w'lnv]n h'lgo/ h];Lhsf] !$ cf}+ ;+o'Qm kb:yfkg ;df/f]x Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g]kfn h];Lhsf k"j{ /fli6«o cWoIf h]l;cfO{ l;g]6/ ;'[lznafa' >]i7sf] k|d'v cfltYotf tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|dv ' czf]s Jof~h' / pkk|d'v ljdnf zdf{sf] ljz]if cfltYotfdf pQm sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf h];L ;+uLtf k/fh'nLn] h];L; cf:yf kf7 tyf h];L lqnf]rg l3ld/]n] :jfut dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n h];Lh jif{ @)!& sf

>j0fs'df/ tvf+5n] ] jif{ @)!* sf cWoIf /fd ouf]n tyf w'lnv]n h'lgo/ h];Lh jif{ @)!& sf cWoIf k'sf/ >]i7n] jif{ @)!* sf cWoIf c~hgf b]jh"nfO{ cfkm\gf] kb x:tfGt/0f u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n h];Lh jif{ @)!& sf cWoIf >j0fs'df/ tvf5] Pj+ @)!& sf h'lgo/ h];Lhsf cWoIf k'sf/ >]i7n] cfkm\gf] sfo{sfndf ;xof]u ug{x' g' ] ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ dfofsf] lrgf] ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ljleGg :yfgaf6 h];Lh;Fu cfa4 JolQmx?sf] pNn]Vo ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+rfns h];L ;/:jtL >]i7n] u/]sL lyOg\ .

C0fsf] ;fFjf Jofh ltg{ cfpg] af/]sf]

cToGt h?/L ;"rgf -k|sflzt ldlt M @)&$ r}q !% ut] ljlxjf/_ o; laGwjfl;gL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= af6 ljleGg ldltdf C0f lnO{ cfkm\gf Joj;fo tyf cGo sf/f]af/ ub}{ cfpg' ePsf ;b:ox?dWo] s]xL ;b:ox?n] ;+:yfnfO{ ltg'{ a'emfpg'kg]{ C0fsf] ;fjfF tyf Jofh ga'emfO{ C0fsf] efvf g3fO{ cfly{s cg'zf;g kfngf gug'{ ePsf] ;Gbe{df k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt t/ tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t tf]lsPsf] ;dodf C0fsf] ;fFjf, Jofh a'emfpg gcfO{ ;+:yf;Fu u/]sf] sa'lnotgfdfdf pNn]v ePsf zt{ kfngf gug'{ ePsf] x'gfn] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] & -;ft_ lbgleq ;DalGwt If]qLo sfof{nodf ;Dks{ u/L ltg'{ a'emfpg'kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;fjfF tyf Jofh xhf{gf ;d]t r'Qmf ug'x{ g' of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tf]lsPsf] ;do;Dddf ;+:yf;Fusf] sf/f]af/ lgoldt gug]{ ;b:ox?sf] k|rlnt sfg'g / ;+:yfsf] gLlt adf]lhd tLgk':t] laj/0f ;lxt @! lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L ;+:yfsf] gfddf lwtf] :j?k lbPsf] rn crn ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL u/L C0f c;'nL k|lqmof cufl8 a9fOg] Joxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 . o;af6 tkfO{sf] JolQmut tyf ;fdflhs lhjgdf kg{hfg] c;/sf] lhDd]jf/L :jo+ tkfO{s + f] x'g] ;d]t o;} ;"rgfaf6 hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

;Dks{M

)!!–^^)(^%-s]Gb|_, $!)!^@-vf]kf;L_, $$)()) -kgf}tL_, ^^#!%^-ag]kf_, ^*))^$-9'+vs{_, $((!&^ -kfFrvfn_ $)$!^^-es'[08]_ g]kfn ;/sf/

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no,

w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s

lznjlGb b/efpkq cfXjfg ul/Psf] ;"rgf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no s[lif zfvfsf] cf=j= @)&$÷)&% sf] l:js[t sfo{qmd cg';f/ cg'bfgdf s[ifsx?nfO{ ldlg6Ln/ ljt/0f ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf]n] O{R5's Ohfht k|fKt kmd{÷;+:yf÷sDkgLx?af6 s] slt b/ /]6df cfkm"n] ldgLl6n/ pknJw u/fpg ;Sg] xf] ;f] sf] b/ /]6 of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgsf] lbg cyf{t @)&$÷!@÷!( ut] sfof{no ;do leq lgDg zt{x? kfngf u/L b/efp kq k]z ug'{ x'g of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . ;t{x?M– != s[lif hGo ;fdfu|L ldlg6Ln b/efp–kq kmf/ddf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g5 ] . @= b/efp–kq kmf/d ? !)))÷– -cIf]?kL Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF dfq_ gub a'emfO o; gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no s[lif zfvfaf6 pknJw x'g5 ] . #= of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] !% cf}+ lbgsf] sfof{no ;do leq kmd{÷;+:yf÷sDkgL btf{sf] k|df0fkq, Joj;fo btf{sf] Ohfht kq k|ltlnkL, d"No clea[l4 s/ btf{ k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL, :yfoL n]vf bftf{ k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL, Joj;fo btf{sf] Ohfht kqsf] k|ltlnkL, d"No clea[l4 s/ btf{ k|df0f kq, :yfoL n]vf btf{ gDa/ k|df0f kq k|ltlnkL, s/ r'Qmfsf] k|df0f kq k|ltlnkL ;lxt ? !) sf] l6s6 6fF;L ;Ssn lgj]bg lbP kl5 k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . $= lgodfg';f/ Dofb leq kg{ cfPsf l;naGbL b/efp kqx? o; sfof{noaf6 ;DjGwLt lgj]bsx?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ vf]lng]5 . %= l;njGbL b/efpkq :jLs[t ug]{ jf c:jLs[t ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{nodf ;'/lIft /xg]5 . ^= of] l;njGbL b/efpkqdf pNn]v ePsf afx]s cGosf] xsdf ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# tyf ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL, @)^$ / cGo k|rlnt P]g lgodfg';f/ x'g5 ] .

lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, sfe|]knf~rf]s ;"rgf bf];|f] k6s k|sfzg ldlt M @)&$÷!@÷!$ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, sfe|]knf~rf]saf6 cf=a= 074.75 df ;~rfng ul/g] /fli6«o k'glg{df{0f k|flws/0f sf]if, e"sDk k|efljt lhNnfsf nflu /fxt sfo{qmd -s[lif ljefu_ tkm{ lgDgfg';f/sf sfo{qmdx? ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] sDtLdf !% k|ltzt nfut ;xeflutfdf ;~rfng ug{'kg]{ ePsfn] ;DalGwt ;a}df hfgsf/Lsf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . O{R5's e"sDklkl8t s[ifs/s[ifs ;d"x/ ;xsf/Lx?af6 k/{\ofKt lgj]bg gk/]sf] x'Fbf k'g: of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] !%-kG„_ lbg leq lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, sfe|]knf~rf]sdf cfkm"n] ;+rfng ug{ rfx]sf] tkzLnsf /fxt sfo{qmdx?sf] nflu cfjZos ljj/0fx? v'nfO{ cfj]bg lbg'x'g cg'/f]w 5 . k|fKt cfj]bgx?nfO{ d"NofFsgsf cfwf/df 5gf]6 ul/g]5 . tkzLn != Rofp pTkfbg ;xof]u -Kofs]hdf 8'd3,/ jLp / Knfli6s_ @= df}/Luf]nf tyf :6of08 ;lxt df}/L 3f/ ljt/0f #= Jofj;flos kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/L g;{/L :yfkgf $= t/sf/L pTkfbgsf nflu Knfli6s 3/ lgdf{0f -:6«Sr/ kfO{k yf]kf l;+rfO{ o'=le= Knfli6s dlNrË_ %= pRr k|ljlwsf] Knfli6s 3/ lgdf{0f -lu|g xfp;, ;]8 xfp;, kf]ln xfp;_ ^= e"sDkjf6 k|efljt s[lif pkh ;+sng s]G› dd{t ;Def/ -kf]i6 xfe]{i6 ;]jf &= dT:o kf]v/L lgdf{0f tyf k'g lgdf{0f *= Knfli6s kf]v/L tyf 6+sL lgdf{0f -;fgf l;+rfO{ lgdf{0f_ ;+nUg /fVg'kg]{ sfuhft tyf ljj/0fx?M != ;+rfng ug{ rfx]sf] sfo{qmdsf] gfd, ;+rfng x'g] :yfg, If]qkmn, gofF jf k'/fgf], Psn jf ;fem]bf/L, cg'dflgt s"n nfut, lgj]bsn] Joxf]g]{ nfutsf] /sd, nfeflGjt 3/w'/L/hg;+Vof nufotsf] ljj/0f v'nfOPsf] lgj]bg kq . @= e"sDkkLl8t nfeu|fxL sf8{sf] k|ltlnkL . #= s[ifs ;d"x tyf s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] xsdf sfo{qmd dfu ePsf] lg0f{o k|ltlnlk . $= s[ifs ;d"x/ s[lif ;xsf/L/ lghL pBdLsf] xsdf btf{ k|df0f-kq, gljs/0f, s/ r'Qmf, :yfoL n]vf g+ k|df0f kqsf] sfuhftsf] k|ltlnlk . %= ;DalGwt j8f sfof{nosf] l;kmfl/; kq . gf]6M nlIft ;d'bfo -dlxnf, blnt, hghftL, ckf·, cNk;+Vos cflb_ nfO{ sfo{qmddf k|fyldstf lbO{g]5 ;fy} yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, sfe|]knf~rf]sdf ;Dks{ ug{x'g ;d]t cg'/f]w 5 .

^&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{jif{@$ # ut] @$c+c+ss!^@@@)&$ @)&$kmfu' r}qg !% ut] ljxLjf/ ljxLjf/

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL :juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!!.@^

hGd M @)#*.#.!#

:j= afns[i0f >]i7 o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;+:yfks tyf ;+rfns ;ldlt ;b:o afns[i0f >]i7sf] ;jf/L b'3{6gfdf k/L cNkfo"d} c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] cfh !# cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

ljgf]b vqL

lgs]z vqL

cWoIf

k|aGws tyf

;u + fnf] art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;:+yf ln= kl/jf/ kgf}tL–%, g}lsg6f/, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL :juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

hGd M !((@.$.@)

:j= pbok|;fb knf~rf]s]

o; ljBfnosf ;+rfns tyf ;lrj /lht knf~rf]s] Pj+ z'elrGtsåo ;lrtfgGb / k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s]sf k"hgLo lktf pbok|;fb knf~rf]ss ] f] lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ . clgtf k|hfklt lk|lG;kn

/f]zg >]i7 tyf

lj=Jo=;= cWoIf

cls{8 OG6/g]zgn Ps]8]dL kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s @@ @)&$ r}q !% ut] ljxLjf/

sfe|] ;xsf/L :j0f{ dxf]T;j

;a} 3/ w'/L ;xsf/Ldf ;xeflu u/fpg] nIo

sd{rf/L cfjZostf o; hn]Zj/ /]i6"/G] 6sf nflu s]xL sd{rf/L cfjZostf ePsf] x'bF f OR5's JolQmx?n] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{x' f]nf. != kb M s's ;+Vof M ! tna, eQf M cfk;L ;dembf/Ldf

@= kb M x]Nk/

;+Vof M !

;Dks{

hn]Zj/ /]i6"/G] 6, ag]kf, r08]Zj/Ldfly kmf]g g+= M (*$!@@@#)*

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

o; wg]Zj/L ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] nflu lgDg kbsf] nflu sd{rf/L cfjZostf ePsf] x'bF f OR5's JolQmx?n] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{x' f]nf. !=kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+VofM– s]xL of]UotfM– P;O{O{ jf ;f] ;/x pd]/ M !^ jif{ k"/f eO{ #) jif{ ggf3]sf] kfl/>lds M ;+:yfsf] lgod cg';f/ cfj]bg lbg] clGtd ldltM @)&$÷!@÷@@ ut] cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . cg'ej M sDKo'6/ ;DaGwL cfwf/e"t clkm; Kofs]h (Ms word, Ms Excel, Power point, Email, Internet) ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] . ;Dks{

wg]Zj/L ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, rfFbgLrf]s, kmf]g g+= M )!!–^^##$^

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

o; pu|r08L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] nflu lgDg kbx?sf] nflu sd{rf/Lx?sf] cfjZostf ePsf] x'bF f OR5's JolQmx?n] tf]lsPsf] ldlt leq cfj]bg lbg' xf]nf . !=kb M C0f ;xfos ;+VofM– ! -Ps_ of]UotfM– 10+2 pQL0f{ -Joj:yfkg ;+sfo_ cfj]bg b:t'/M ?=!)).–-?=Ps ;o dfq_ @=kbM ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+VofM– @ -b'O_{ dlxnf of]UotfM– P;=Pn=;L= jf ;f] ;/x cfj]bg b:t'/M ?=%).–-?=krf; ?k}of dfq_ kfl/>lds ;+:yfsf] lgod cg';f/ k]z ug'kg]{ sfuhftx?M s_ x:t lnlvt lgj]bg . v_ gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk . u_ xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kmf]6f] .

3_ afof] 8f6f . ª_ z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|ltlnlk . r_ sDKo"6/ tyf cGo tflndx?sf] k|df0fkqx?sf] k|ltlnlk . cfj]bg lbg] clGtd ldltM @)&$÷!@÷@# ut] gf]6M cGo hgsf/Lsf] nflu ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf ;Dk{s /fVg'xf]nf . cg'ejL nfO{ u|fx\otf lbOg] 5 .

5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bsx?nfO{ dfq cGtjf{tfdf af]nfOg] 5 .

gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no ;Dks{ M )!!–$!!!)#, (*%!)($@$*

O{6f e§f btf{ tyf gljs/0f af/] cToGt h?/L ;'rgf o; gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfsf] gu/If]q leq ;~rflnt O6f e§faf6 lg>[t w'Fjf, w'nf] / Wjlgaf6 hg:jf:Yo / jftfj/0fdf k|ToIf gsf/fTds c;/ k/L :jfzk|:jf;hGo tyf cfFvfsf] /f]u a9]sf], kz' :jf:Yo, s[lif, jg h+undf ;d]t ulDe/ c;/ b]lvg yfn]sf] tyf hyfefjL ul/Psf] l8k af]l/+ªsf] sf/0f e"ldut hn>f]tsf] :t/ 36\g uO vfg]kfgLsf] r/d ;+s6 cfpg] ;+efjgf a9]sf] x'Fbf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] ldlt @)&$.!@.)( ut]sf] a}7saf6cfufdL cfly{s jif{ @)&%.&^ b]lv O6f e§fx?sf] btf{ /gljs/0f /f]Ssf ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . ;fy} O{6f e§f ;+rfngsf] nfuL o; pk/fGt s'g} k|sf/sf] sfd sf/afxL cufl8 ga9fpg/ kqsf] cfzo ljk/Lt sfd sf/afxL cufl8 a9fPdf ;f]af6 kg{ hfg] ;Dk'0f{ c;/sf] lhDd]jf/L :jod pBf]ux? g} /xg] Joxf]/f cfb]zfg';f/ hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @))$.!).^

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.$

:j= dfwjgf/fo0f Gx'R5] k|wfg o; Gx'R5] k|wfg OsfO{ ;ldlt ;fFufsf ;b:o dfwjgf/fo0f Gx'R5] k|wfgsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] !@ cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

Gx'R5] k|wfg OsfO{ ;ldlt kl/jf/ ;f“uf, sfe|]

@$ ut] zlgaf/ ag]kf km"6;n, k"nahf/df x'g] ePsf] 5 . k|ltof]lutfsf nflu gfdfjnL ;+sng / l6d btf{ eO{/x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L dxf]T;js} pknIodf lhNnf :t/Lo v'Nnf lgaGw k|ltof]lutf klg x'g] ePsf] 5 . …lbuf] ljsf; nIo k|flKtsf] nflu ;xsf/LÚ eGg] lzif{sdf x'g] pQm lgaGw k|ltof]lutf r}q @^ ut] a]n/ Ps]8d] L, ag]kfdf x'g] ;+of]hs hf]zLn] atfP . cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk ;ldltsf ;+of]hs ljwfg hf]zLsf cg';f/ r}q @% ut] ljxfg !! ah] ;xsf/L rnlrq cf/Desf] k|bz{gL ug]{ ePsf] 5 . rnlrq k|bz{gL z'esfdgf xfO{lehg xn, ag]kfdf x'g] hf]zLn] hfgsf/L lbP .

To;}u/L r}q @% b]lv @( ut] ;Dd ;xsf/L k|bz { gLsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . r}q @& ut] emfFsL ;lxtsf] ¥ofnL k|bz { gL, ;xsf/L ejgsf] lzNofGof;, :j0f{ jif{ k':ts ljdf]rg tyf ljz]if ;Ddfg sfo{qmd x'g5 ] . r}q @* ut] ;xsf/L ;DjGwL ljrf/ uf]i7Lx? ;+rfng x'g5 ] g\ eg] r}q @( ut] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f tyf ;dfkg sfo{qmd x'g] ePsf] 5 . @)&% efb| @^ ut] sfe|] ;xsf/L :j0f{ dxf]T;j jif{ ljz]iffË h'Og{ f] :dfl/sf k|sfzg ul/g] ;lrj lblnk zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbP . dxf]T;jsf nflu ;Ddfg tyf k'/:sf/ 5gf}6 ;ldlt, k|bz { gL Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, k|rf/k|;f/ ;ldlt, cfly{s Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, ;xsf/L ejg lzNofGof; tof/L ;ldlt, ;xsf/L ljrf/ uf]i7L Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, ¥ofnL Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt, cltl/Qm s[ofsnfk ;ldlt, d'Nof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg ;ldlt / sfe|] ;xsf/L :j0f{ jif{ k':ts tof/L ;ldlt u7g ePsf lyP .

r08]Zj/L kf6L{ Kofn]; ag]kf–^, a'8f]n -/]8qm; ejg cufl8_

ljjfx, a|taGw, ;"ob{ z{g, u'kmf, g]jf/L ef]h, cfp6 Sof6l/ª, cGo ef]hsf], kf6L{, ;]ldgf/, cfw'lgs Joj:yfkgsf ;fy Joj:yf ul/G5 . kfgL, h]g]/]6/, kfls{Ë ;'ljwf ;fy .

;Dks{ g+= (*%!!@%#$*

gdf]a4' gu/kflnsf es'08]az ] L, sfe|k] nf~rf]s k|b]z gDa/ #, g]kfn

ag]kf÷sfe|] ;xsf/Lsf] :j0f{ dxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgfdf lhNnfdf /x]sf] ljleGg ;xsf/Lx?n] b}lgs sfo{qmx?sf] cfof]hgf ul//x]sf 5g\ . lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3n] lhNnfdf /x]sf ;a} ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ :j0f{ dxf]T;j ljz]if sfo{qmd ug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf] lyof] . sfe|k] nf~rf]s lhNnfdf ;xsf/L ;+:yf :yfkgf eO{ ;+rfng ePsf] %) jif{ nfu]sf] cj;/df lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 dfkm{t ljljw sfo{qmd cfof]hgf eO{/x]sf] cWoIf tyf d'n ;df/f]x ;ldltsf cWoIf ljgf]b k/fh'nLn] hfgsf/L lbP . dxf]T;j ;DkGg ug{ ul7t ljleGg pk ;ldltx?n] u/]sf ultljlwx?n] lhNnf ;xsf/Ldo eO{/x]sf] 5 . cltl/Qm lqmofsnk ;ldltsf] a}7s lhNnf ;xsf/L sfof{nodf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . a}7sn] ;xsf/L dxf]T;jsf] cj;/df /Qmbfg, km'6an, lgaGw, rnlrq k|bz{gL h:tf sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf ;+of]hs hf]zLsf cg';f/ r}q !) ut] zlgaf/ ag]kfsf] u0f]z:yfgdf /Qmbfg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ef]dL ax'p4]Zo ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] /Qmbfg sfo{qmddf /Qbftfx?n] /Qbfg u/]sf lyP .

To;}ul/ /Qmbfg sfo{qmd cGtu{t r}q @) ut] ljxfg !! ah]bl] v lbpF;f] # ah];Dd lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf] k|fË0fdf df]8]n art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnsf] ;+of]h[ gdf /Qmbfg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . ;xsf/L dxf]T;jsf] pknIodf km"6jn k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . k|ltof]lutf r}q

cu|Ld a'ls· v'Nnf 5 .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M !((@.$.@)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.* :j= pbok|;fb knf~rf]s]

g]kfn rLg pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 sfe|]sf ;+:yfks cWoIf k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s]sf k"hgLo lktf pbok|;fb knf~rf]ss ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

g]kfn rLg pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 kl/jf/ sfe|]

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s @@ @)&$ r}q !% ut] ljxLjf/

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

jfh L f / c f s ;x lblnk zdf{

hGd M !((@.$.@)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

:j= pbok|;fb knf~rf]s] sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s] tyf ;lrtfgGb / /lht knf~rf]s]sf] k"hgLo lktf pbok|;fb knf~rf]ss ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

nIdL g/l;+ jfb] ;+of]hs tyf

g]skf Pdfn] ag]kf gu/ ;+u7g sld6L kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|] /fhf /ª\s ;a} ;dfg p;sf j}ifDo ub{}g Tof] cfof] 6Kk l6Kof] nUof] ldlt k'Uof] 6f/]/ 6b{}g Tof] ..

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @)!*

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

:j= sfG5f bg'jf/

hGd M @))%.@.!#

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.%

o; ljBfnosf lzIfs ;"o{s'df/ bg'jf/sf] k"hgLo lktf sfG5f bg'jf/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[t cfTdfsf] rL/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgx?k|lt ulx/f] ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

s[i0faxfb'/ bg'jf/ k|Nxfbk|;fb ltdlN;gf lj=Jo=;= cWoIf

:j= a]baxfb'/ /fO{

k|wfgfWofks

tyf

o; >L sflnsf dfWolds ljBfnosf lzIfs Pj+ xfd|f ;xsdL{ ldq zlzs/ /fO{sf k"hgLo lktf a]baxfb'/ /fOs { f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

>L cfhfb dfWolds ljBfno kl/jf/

>L sflnsf dfWolds ljBfno kl/jf/

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

kf“rvfn–!@, afn'jf, sfe|]

w'lnv]n–!), zf/bfatf;], sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

hGd M @)&$.!).#

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.!!

:j= ;'lk|G:sf tfdfª d]/f cfb/0fLo h]7fh' tyf gdf]a'4 g=kf= j8f g+= !! lgjf;L /fhs'df/ tfdfªsf] ;'k'qL ;'lk|G:sf tfdfªsf] cNkfo"d} c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

hGd M @)!$.^.#)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.(

:j= xl/k|;fb Gof}kfg] o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf cWoIf xl/k|;fb Gof}kfgs ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

/ftfl8xL s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, kf“rvfn g=kf= *, xf]S;]

xh'/a'af÷xh'/cfdf

a'af÷cfdf

bd} l;+÷aQLdfof tfdfª

/fhs'df/÷;~rdfof tfdfª

km"k"÷km"kfh"

bfh'

zld{nf÷nfnWjh tfdfª

l/hg tfdfª

dfof, zflGt, sljtf tfdfª

;Gb]z tfdfª

km"k"x?

sfsf

tyf

;Dk"0f{ tfdfª kl/jf/, gdf]a'4, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @)!$.^.#) hGd M !((@.$.@)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

:j= pbok|;fb knf~rf]s] o; ;xsf/Lsf z'elrGts tyf sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s]sf] k"hgLo lktf pbok|;fb knf~rf]ss ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

/fhg zfSo cWoIf tyf

df]8]n art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.(

:j= xl/k|;fb Gof}kfg] g]skf Pdfn] kfFrvfn gu/ ;+u7g sld6L j8f g+= * sf ;+ul7t ;b:o Pj+ ;dfh;]jL xl/k|;fb Gof}kfgs ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

xl/k|;fb ;fksf]6f

u+ufk|;fb clwsf/L

;+of]hs

;+of]hs

g]skf Pdfn] kf“rvfn gu/ ;+u7g * g+= j8f sld6L kl/jf/

g]skf Pdfn] kf“rvfn gu/ ;+u7g sld6L kl/jf/

kfFrvfn, sfe|]

lhNnf ;xsf/L ;3+ sfe] | ljut, jtd{fg / efjL sfol{bzf ;xsf/Lsf] ;+:s[lt af]s]sf] g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;xsf/L ;DaGwL ultljlwx? w]/} klxn]b]lvg} rNb} cfPsf] ePtfklg lj=;+= @)!) ;fndf of]hgf ljsf; tyf s[lif dGqfnosf] dftxtdf ;xsf/L ljefusf] :yfkgf eP kZrft ;xsf/Ltfsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;xsf/L P]g–@)$* hf/L x'g' k"j{ ljz]ifu/L s[lif ;fdfu|Lx?sf] cfk"lt{ / s[lif C0f0fsf] Joj:yf u/L s[ifsx?sf] lhjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] p2]Zo /fvL ;/sf/L tj/af6 ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf] :yfkgf ePsf] kfOG5 . ;/sf/L k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf lj=;+= @)@$ ;fndf :yflkt tTsflng lhNnf ;femf ;+3sf] kl/is[t gfdg} lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 xf] . lj=;+= @)$^ ;fndf d'n'sdf ePsf] bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ng kZrft /fhg}lts Joj:yfdf ePsf] k/Ljt{g ;+u;+u} k|hftGqsf] k"g{:yfkgf kZrft hf/L ePsf] ;xsf/L P]g– @)$* / ;xsf/L lgodfjnL –@)$( adf]lhd ;xsf/L If]q Pp6f :jtGq / :jfoQ lgsfosf] ?kdf :yflkt x'g] jftfj/0f >[hgf ePk5L ljleGg k|s[ltsf ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf] :yfkgf x'g ;Sg] ;xsf/L P]g–@)$* sf] k|fjwfg adf]lhd lhNnfe/ /x]sf ;a} k|s[ltsf k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? / ltlgx?sf ljifout ;xsf/L ;+3x? ;d]tsf] k|ltgLlwd"ns g]t[Tjbflo lhNnf:t/sf] Psdfq 5ftf ;+3sf] ?kdf lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 /x]sf] 5 . :j= gf/fo0fbf; pnssf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] !! ;b:oLo ;ldltsf] ;s[otf af6 lj=;+= @)@$ ;fn efb| @^ ut]sf] lbg ;xsf/L ljefu -b=g+= @÷(÷@) -#$@_ )@$_ df btf{ ePsf] lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3df @)$( cfiff9 d;fGt ;Dd @# j6f ;femf ;+:yfx? dfq ;+nUg /x]sf] kfOG5 . tTkZrft klg s/La 8]9 bzs ;Dd ( j6f k'/fgf ;+:yfx?dfq ;+nUg /xL k|fo lgZs[o ;/x /xg k'Uof]÷ kl5Nnf] s/La Ps bzssf] jt{dfg cjlw ;Dd cfOk'Ubf ;+3sf] gfddf /x]sf] s[lif ljsf; j}+ssf] C0f r'Qmf ug]{, ;b:otf lj:tf/nfO{ s]xL a9fjf lbg] / ;+:yfut s]xL ultljlwx? dfq ;+rfng x'g ;ls/x]sf] b]lvG5 . tyfkL ;+3sf] ljlgdo–@)@$ sf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wg–@)&) adf]lhd ;+3sf p2]Zox? tyf sfo{qmdx? b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ . s_ p2]Zox? – ;+3sf] sfo{If]q leq jf ljleGg k|s[ltsf k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf ljifo ut ;+3x?sf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{g ug]{ .

– cfˆgf ;b:o ;+:yf, ljifout ;+3x?sf] Joj;flos tyf cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu ;xof]u ug]{, u/fpg] .– ;b:o ;+:yf, ljifout ;+3x? ljr ;xof]u / ;dGjo sfod ug]{ .

– ;+3sf] sfo{If]q leqsf ;b:o ;+:yf / plgx?sf kl/jf/x?nfO{ pTkfbgd"ns Joj;fodf pTk|/] 0ff hufpg] .

– lhNnfsf] ;xsf/L cleofgnfO{ k|efjsf/L 9Ëdf cufl8 a9fpg /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yf;+u ;dGjo sfod ug]{ .

– ;+3af6 lzkd"ns cfod"ns sfo{qmd tyf ;fd'bflos ljsf;sf sfo{qmd ;fem]bf/L ?kdf ug]{ . v_ sfo{x?

– lhNnf:t/df ;+:yfx?sf] k|j4{g tyf ;Da4{g ug]{ .

– ;xsf/L l;4fGtsf] k|rf/k|;f/ sfof{Gjog / ;b:otf lj:tf/ ug]{ .

– :yflgo ;xsf/L cu'jfx?sf] g]tT[ j ljsf; u/fpg] .

– ;b:o ;+:yf / ljifout ;+3x?sf] cfjZotf cg';f/ C0f, s[lif ;fdfu|L, s[lif pTkfbg, pkef]Uo j:t'x? / :yflgo pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos pks/0f tyf sRrfkbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ ug]{ .

– ;b:o ;+:yf, ljifout ;+3x?sf] pTkfbg u/]sf a:t'x?sf] ;+ro, k|zf]wg / ahf/ Joj:yfkg ug]{ . – ;+efJotfsf] cfwf/df ;xsf/L pBf]u tyf Joj;fox? ;+rfng ug]{ .

– k|f/lDes ;+:yf, ljifout ;+3x?, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= / /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3sf ljr sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog tyf ;dGjo sfod ug]{ .

– ;b:o ;+:yfsf] cWoog e|d0f,cg'udg, d'NofÍg ug]{ tyf b]vf kg{ cfPsf ;d:ofx?sf] lg/fs/0f ug]{ u/fpg] .

– lhNnf :t/sf :yflgo lgsfo, sfof{nox? tyf ljleGg ;+3, ;+:yf ;+u ldn]/ ;fd'bflos ljsf;sf sfdx? ;femf]bfl/ ?kdf ug]{ u/fpg] . sfe|] lhNnf ;xsf/Ltfsf] lx;fan] cu|0fL lhNnfsf] ?kdf d'ns ' e/ k/Llrt 5 . ;xsf/L ;+3;+:yf :yfkgfsf] lx;fjn] bf];f| ] 7"nf] lhNnf dfq geP/ oxfF ;+rflnt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? ;d'bfod"lv / ;xsf/Lsf d"No, dfGotf, l;4fGt cg'?k lqmoflzn eO{ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ?kdf ;d]t gd'gf sf] ;+:yfsf] ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ kl/lrt u/fpg ;kmn eO{;s]sf 5g\ . xfn lhNnfdf ljleGg k|sl[ tsf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx? u/L s/La !%)) sf] xf/fxf/Ldf lqmoflzn /x]sf 5g\ . jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M %!& s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M ##$ b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M @&! ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M !(^ pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M @( kz'÷kz' ljdf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M @# t/sf/L kmnkm"n ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M @) n3' hnljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M !* slkm ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M !% ljljw ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?M #^ pko'Qmfg';f/ ljljw k|sl[ tsf ;Ifd ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf] cleefjsTjsf] e"ldsfdf /x]sf] lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3nfO{ ;+3sf] ?kdf dfq geO{ k|efjsf/L / k|efjzfnL ;+3sf] ?kdf ljsf; u/fpg cfufdL lbgdf lgDg d'Vo sfo{x?nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg h?/L b]lvG5 .

– klxn] t lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 nfO{ Joj;flos ;+3sf] ?kdf ljsf; u/fpg h?/L 5 . ;xsf/Ln] cfkm}n+ ] Joj;fo ug]{ ePsfn] lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf] klg cfkm\g} Joj;fo x'g' h?/L 5 . To;}n] ef]lnsf lbgdf ;+3n] ;xsf/L ljz]iftf ;lxtsf] ;b:od'vL gofF Joj;fo klxrfg u/L Psn tyf ;+oQ ' m Joj;fo nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg cfjZos 5 .

– bf;]f|] lhNnf ;xsf/L ;3+ lhNnfe/sf ;a} ks | l[tsf ;xsf/L ;:+yfx? ljifout ;xsf/L ;3+x? ;dt]sf] gt]T[jbflo 5ftf ;3+ ePsf] / dn"s ' df ;l+3o nfs ] tflGqs u0ftGqfTds Joj:yf sfod eO{ hf/L ePsf] gk]fnsf] ;l+jwfg– @)&@ n] ;fjh{lgs, gLlh / ;xsf/L Ifq]sf] ;xeflutf tyf ljsf; dfkmt{ ;dfhjfb pGdv ' :jtGq / ;d4[ cyt{Gqsf ljsf; ug{] nIo lnPsfn] ;xsf/L Ifq]n] kfPsf] ;j+w}flgs dxTjsf] hug]f{ ub{} tbg?'k aGg] yk'}| sfgg'x?df ;xsf/L Ifq]nfO{ kj|z ] u/fO{ ;xsf/L dq}L Pg], sfgg"x? agfpg] s/'fx?df ;xsf/L sdLx{? ljr ;–';l'rt u/fpb} ;so[ kxnsbdL lng h?/L 5 . csf{] tkm{ xfn} sfod ePsf] :yflgo tx / kb|z ] x?n] ;dt] ;xsf/L Ifq]nfO{ cfkmg\f] sfoI{fq]sf] ?kdf lhDdj]f/L kfPsfn]] efl]nsf] :yflgo tx / kb|z ] :t/df aGg] Pg] lgodx?df ;dt] ;xsf/L Ifq]sf] anLof] pkl:ytL u/fpg ;so[tfsf] h?/L bl]vG5 .

– t;]f|] ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ;fdflhs zt{ ;lxtsf] Joj;flos lqmofsnfkdf ;n+Ug u/fpg pgLx?nfO{ cfkmg\f nflu cfkm+} Joj;fo ug{] xf] tfls c? s;s } f] e/df ;xsf/L ;r + fng ug{] xfO]g eGg] s/'fsf] afw] u/fO{ ;xsf/L– ;xsf/L jLrsf] ;dGjo, ;xofu] / ;femb]f/Ldf ;b:o sl]Gbt| Jjo;fox?nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg, ;xsf/L x?nfO{ pBdlzn agfO{ cfTdlge/{tf tkm{ pGdv ' u/fpbF} ;xsf/Lx?df Joj;flos Ifdtfsf] ljsf; u/fO{ ;jn ;xsf/L ;r + fngdf ;3+n] ke|fjsf/L el"dsf vN]g cfjZos 5 .

– rfy}f] ;3+n] ;xsf/Lsf ;b:ox? tyf cfd gfu/Lsx?df ;dt] ;xsf/L ;DaGwL lzIff, tflndsf sfoq{mdx?nfO{ ke|fjsf/L 9Ëaf6 lgoldt ?kdf ;r + fng u/L ;xsf/Ltfsf] cfbzn{fO{ ;j;{fwf/0f gfu/Ls ;Dd ;dfg ?kn] bzfp{g ;3+n] 7f;] ofh]gf ;lxtsf] ;xsf/L lzIff, tflndnfO{ Jofks tN'ofpg el"dsf vN]g h?/L 5 .

– kfFrf} ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ;xsf/L l;4fGt d"No, dfGotfx?af6 ljrlnt x'g glbO{ o;sf d"No, dfGotf / l;4fGt cg'?k cuf8L a9fpg ;+3n] ;b}j rgfvf] /lx ;dGjofTds tj/af6 cg'udg u/L ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ kb{5 . pko'{Qmg';f/ d'Vo sfo{ef/x?nfO{ cufl8 a9fO{ kl/jlt{t k/Lj]zdf lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 nfO{ g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsfdf cem ;zQm 9Ën] ljsf; u/fpg b]xfosf yk sfo{x?nfO{ ;d]t cufl8 a9fpg h?/L b]lvG5 .

– lhNnf leq /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? dWo] ;+3df ;b:otf glnPsf em08} b'O{ ltxfO{ ;+Vofdf /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;+3df cfj4 u/fpg ;b:otf lj:tf/ cleofgnfO{ a9fjf lbg'kg]{ .

– lhNnfsf sltko u|fld0f a:tLx?df :yflgo cjl:ylt cg';f/sf ;xsf/Lx?sf] :yfkgf u/fO{ ;a} lhNnfjf;L gfu/Lsx?nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 u/fpg ljleGg Joj;foLs ;d'x tyf ;fd'bflos ;+u7gx?nfO{ ;xsf/Ls/0f u/fpg] .

– zx/L If]q nufot ;xsf/Lsf] ;fwg pkl:ylt /x]sf 7fFpx?sf ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ dh{/ u/fO{ Joj:yLt / dof{bLt u/fpg] .

– ;xsf/L Business Complex sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ .

– ;+3df /x]sf] ef}lts ;DktLnfO{ ;b'kof]u u/L ;xsf/Ltfsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf k/fdz{;]jfx? ;+rfng x'g ;Sg] u/L ;xsf/L ;"rgf tyf ;|f]t s]Gb| :yfkgf ug]{ .

– gjo'jfx?nfO{ ;xsf/L k|lt cfslif{t u/fO{ ;xsf/Ldf o'jfx?sf] ;xeflutfnfO{ a9fpg] vfnsf ultljlwx? ;+rfng ug]{÷u/fpg] .

– ;xsf/L If]q leq b]lvPsf] hgzlQm cefjnfO{ sdLx'g glbg o'jf hgzlQmsf] ljsf; ug]{ / Ifdtf ljsf;sf sfo{s|dx? ;d]tnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] .

– gofF 3f]lift g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg –@)&@ / tbg'?k aGg] P]g, lgodx? / ;b:ox?sf] lxt cg's'n Joj;fo ;+rfng ug]{ tyf lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{ bfo/f km/flsnf] x'g] u/L ;+3sf] ljlgodnfO{ ;do ;fk]If ;+zf]wg ug]{ .

– ;/sf/L tyf u}x| ;/sf/L lgsfox? Pj+ ;xsf/L÷;xsf/L ljrsf] ;dGjognfO{ a9fO{ lglt lgdf{0f tyf sfo{qmd sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf ;xsf/Ltfsf] ;+nUgnfO{ a9fpg] . ho ;xsf/L Û

(

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

sf/ lnP/ 3/ 3/} ‘rf]/’ ag]kf÷ k|ljlw lelqP ;Fu} rf]/x?n] klg k|ljlw ;lxt rf]/L ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|x/L lgl/Ifs ;'lgnh+u zfxn] zf}lvg rf]/nfO{ sf/ ;lxt ag]kfdf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf 5g\ . r}q !) ut] ljxfg !! ah] ls/fgf k;n aGb u/]/ vfgf vfg lg:s]sf d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ @ sf ;fg'sfG5fsf] k;ndf sf/ lnP/ rf]/x? k'u] . ;fg'sfG5fsf] k;n / 3/sf] b'/L & ldg]6sf] dfq} 5 . x/]s lbg plg Tolx ;dodf k;n aGb ug{] / kms{g] ub{} cfPsf lyP . ;f]lx lbg klg ;fg'sfG5f k;naf6 3/df lg:s]sf] cj;/ kf/L eQk'/ lhNnf rfFug' f/fo0f gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ 3/ ePsf @# alif{o nR5' sfsL{ / ;f]lx 7]ufgfsf u0f]z tfdfª k'u] . ;fg'sfG5fsf] k;n leq /x]sf] gub # nfv, ef/lto ?k}of, ljb]zL d'bf| rf]/L efu] . u0f]z tfdfªn] ag]kfdf /x]sf] Ps kmfO{gfG; sDkgLsf gfddf /x]sf] af & r $@ gDj/sf] x'08f sf/ rnfpFb} cfPsf lyP . ;f]lx sf/ lnP/ nR5' sfsL{nfO{ ;d]t lnP/ pgL d08gb]pk'/ l:yt

;fg'sfG5fsf] k;ndf k'u]sf lyP . nR5'nfO{ af6f]df ;fg'sfG5f cfpnfg eg]/ x]g{ nufP/ u0f]z k;n leq k;] . k;n km'6fP / gub lgsfn] . sf/ lnP/ pgL efu] . nR5' kms{Fbf{ u0f]z sf/ lnP/ lxl8;s]sf lyP . nR5'n] tTsfn} kmf]g u/] u0f]zn] s]lx dfyL cfP/ #) xhf/ efu nufP . ;fg'sfG5fn] k|x/LnfO{ vj/ u/] nuQ} k|x/L 36gf:yn k'Uof] . af6f]df lx8\b} u/]sf] cj:yfdf nR5'nfO{ kqmfp u¥of] . nR5'n] 36gf ljj/0f atfPkl5 k};f yk lng] eGg] afxgfdf u0f]znfO{ klg k|x/Lsf] ;xof]udf kqmfp ul/Psf] lyof] . u0fz ] sf afa' / bfh' o/'fk]df 5g\ . gu/sf6]df # tNn] klSs 3/ 5 . cku' sl]x 5g} . klxnf klg % nfv ?ko}f rf/]Lsf] cleofu]df pgL kqmfp k/s ] f lyP . nR5s ' f bO'{ cfdf 5g\ . ;fg} bl]v pgL 3/sf] Aojxf/sf sf/0f aflx/ 5g\ . agk]fdf gs ] kf Pdfn] kf6L{ sfofn{o cuf8L sd'f/ dg}fnLsf] 3/af6 sl]x lbg cl3 * tfn]f ;g' / gub @ nfv ?ko}f rf/]L ePsf] 5 . gfnfdf klg rf/]Lsf 36gf a9g\ yfns ] f 5g\ . kx|/Ln] rf/]L lgoGq0f ug{ cleofg z?' u/s ] f] kx|/L lgl/Ifs ;l'gnhu+ zfxn] atfP .

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

jif{ @$ c+s @@ @)&$ r}q !% ut] ljxLjf/

;Gtf]if ;fksf]6f÷w'lnv]n r}q a}zfv dlxgfdf cfunfuL x'g ;Sg] eGb} lhNnf ag sfof{non] cfunfuL lgoGq0f ug{ sl7g x'Fb} uPsf] atfPsf] 5 . >f]t ;fwgsf] cefj / tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm gx'Fbf lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf cfunfuL x'bF f tTsfn lgoGq0f ug{ sl7g ePsf] ag sfof{nosf k|d'v k|]d vgfnn] atfP . lhNnf ag sfof{non] 89]nf] lgoGq0fsf nflu lhNnf:t/df /x]sf gful/s ;dfh, g]kfnL ;]gf, k|x/L, ;+3 ;+:yf, kqsf/, sd{rf/Lx? ;lDdlnt cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf 8+8]nf] lgogq0fsf nflu x'Fb} cfPsf k|of; / lgoGq0fsf af/]df k|d'v vgfnn] sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];Ln] ;fd'bflos ag / /fli6«o agx?df nfUg] 89]nf] lgoGq0fnfO{ :yfgLo :t/df tof/L lta| agfO{g' kg{] atfP . 89]nf]sf sf/0f x'g ;Sg] ;Defljt b'3{6gfaf6 aRg / cfunfuL x'g} glbg b'O{ k|sf/sf] tof/L

o; uf]vf{ ljsf; ;fsf]; jg]kf nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] kbdf sd{rf/L cfjZostf k/]sf] x'Fbf of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's g]kfnL gful/sx?n] x:t lnlvt lgj]bgsf ;fy of] ;'rgf k|sf;g ePsf] ldltn] & lbg leq tn pNn]lvt 7]ufgfdf cfkgf] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq ;lxt ;Dks{ /fVg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . tkl;n kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+Vof M % hgf z}lIfs of]Uotf M P;\=Pn\=l; plt0f{ jf ;f] ;/x .

Kfl/>lds M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ ;Dks{ 7]ufgf

uf]vf{ ljsf; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= k'n jhf/, jg]kf ;Dks{ g+= )!!–^^@*#!, df]= (*$(!&#&#&

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

cfjZos /x]sf] s];Ln] atfP . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf pkk|d'v ljdnf zdf{n] :yfgLo ;/sf/n] ljkb Aoj:yfkgsf] tof/L z'? ul/;lsPsf] atfO{g\ . 5'§} sf]if lgdf{0f u/L ;a} j8fx?df ljkb Aoj:yfkg ug{], ;fd'bflos ag pkef]Qmf ;ldlt dfkm{t yk ;r]tgf hufpg] zdf{n] atfO{g\ . ;xfos kd|v ' lhNnf clwsf/L ls/0f yfkf, lhNnf ;dGjo clwsf/L sfd]nk;|fb wdnf, gk]fn kqsf/ dxf;3+ sfes ]| f cWoIf dfl]t/fd ltdlN;gf, ljleGg ;3+ ;:+yfsf kl|tlglwx?, gk]fnL ;g]f / gk]fn kx|/Lsf ljleGg txsf kl|tlglwx?sf] cleofgdf ;xeflutf /xs ] f] lyof] . ;xfos ag clwst[ GxR'5a]xfb/' >i]7n] lhNnfe/ 89n]f] lgoGq0fsf nflu cleofg z?' ePsf] atfP . lhNnfdf of] jif{ dfq} gdfa]4' gu/kflnsfsf] e8]faf/Ldf /xs ] f nK;] ;fdb'flos ag, /fz ] l ufpkFflnsf * sf] l/sbf;, kfr F vfn gu/kflnsfsf] 9f8]f/L ;fdb'flos agdf cfunfuL eO;{ss ] f] 5 eg] AolQmsf 3/ / k;ndf ;dt] cfunfuL ePsf] 5 . kl|zIffyL{ kqsf/

ag]kf gu/kflnsf % g+= j8f sfof{nosf] ;"rgf rf}/L b]p/fnL ufpFkflnsf j8f g+= * a:g] 7"nLdfof tfdfªsf] gfddf btf{ sfod /x]sf] ;fljs ag]kf k+ j8f g+= !s xfn ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= % cGtu{t ls=g+= !&$% / !&(! If]qkmn )–!–@–) / )–!–@–) ePsf] hUufdf gS;f kf; k|lqmofsf] nflu o; ag]kf gu/kflnsf % g+= j8f sfof{noaf6 ;Flwof/x?, k"j{tkm{sf lgd{nf jHo", klZrdtkm{sf nIdL vgfn, pQ/ tkm{sf afa'sfhL tfdfªsf] gfddf !% lbg] ;"rgf hf/L ul/Psf]df tLg}hgf ;Flwof/x? ;Dks{df gcfPsf] x'Fbf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . dfly pNn]lvt ls=g+=sf] hUufdf 3/ agfpFbf lk/dsf{ kg{] ePdf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq o; j8f sfof{nodf ph'/L ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . cGoyf lgodfg';f/ e}hfg] Joxf]/f cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @)@# ;fpg

xf]d:6] ;DjGwL cWoog e|d0f

89]nf] lgoGq0fsf nflu cGt{lqmof

/fdx/L >]i7÷rnfn a]yfGrf]s $ rnfn u0f]z:yfgaf6 s[lif tyf xf]d:6] ;DjGwL cWoog cjnf]sg e|d0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . l5d]sL d'n's ef/tsf] l;lSsd, bflh{lnË / g]kfnsf] Onfd nufotsf ljleGg :yfgdf 6f]nLn] cWoog cjnf]sg e|d0f u/]sf] lyof] . pQm e|d0fdf j8f gDj/ $ sf hgk|ltlglw

;lxt /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?, sd{rf/Lx?, :yfgLox? nufot u/L #* hgfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ef}uf]lns cfwf/df pQm If]qdf /x]sf] cj:yfsf af/]df ;d]t cWoog ePsf] atfO{Psf] 5 . ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/, s[lif tyf ko{6s leq\ofpg] pb]Zosf ;fy pQm e|d0f ePsf] cfof]hsn] hfgsf/L lbP .

;"rgf ! ;"rgf !! ;"rgf !!! ldlt @)&% ;fn j}zfv $ / % ut] x'g uO{/x]sf] O{xL sGof u'7L ;]jf ;ldlt4f/f cfof]hgf ul/g] g]jf/ ;d'bfosf sGofx?nfO{ ul/g] O{xL sGof k"hf -a]n ljjfx_ sfo{qmddf cfkm\gf aflnsfx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg OR5's ;Dk"0f{ g]jf/ ;d'bfosf dxfg'efjx?nfO{ xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

l6s kfOg] :yfg M ag]kf r:df 3/, r08]Zj/L /f]8, as'6f]n ;xof]u b:t'/ M ?= !!)%.–

cfzfsfhL j}B, cWoIf

>L O{xL sGof u'7L ;]jf ;ldlt ag]kf, sfe|], ;Dks{ M (*$!**$&@#

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @)@(.^.&

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.^

:j= cf]k]Gb| a~hf/f g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf ;+ul7t ;b:o tyf kgf}tL gu/ $ g+= j8f sld6Lsf ;lrj cf]k]Gb| a~hf/fsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

rGb| nfdf, ;f+;b k|b]z ;ef sfe|]

;xb]j yfkf, ;+of]hs g]skf Pdfn] kgf}tL gu/ ;+u7g sld6L kl/jf/ kgf}tL, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!!.@#

hGd M @)@(.^.&

:j= ch{'g nfld5fg] kz'wg ;'/If0f ;ldlt ag]kf g=kf= ! / @ sf pkfWoIf ljGbf nfld5fg]sf >Ldfg ch{'g nfld5fgs ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgx?df xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

/fhs'df/ l3ld/]

ljb'/ lu/L

cWoIf

cWoIf

kz'wg ;'/If0f ;ldlt kl/jf/

hgcfbz{ a=p=;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/

ag]kf g=kf= ! / @, sfe|]

ag]kf g=kf= @, 6's'rf, sfe|]

Ifdf ofrgf M jif{ @$ c+s @! df ldlt @)&$ r}q * ut] k|sflzt ;dj]bgfdf ch{g' k|;fb nfld5fg] x'gk' g{d] f cGoyf ePsf]n] Ifdf ofrgf ;lxt e'n;'wf/ ul/Psf] 5 . –;+=

hGd M @)@(.^.&

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.^

:j= cf]k]Gb| a~hf/f g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf ;+ul7t ;b:o tyf kgf}tL gu/ $ g+= j8f sld6Lsf ;lrj cf]k]Gb| a~hf/fsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

>Lk|;fb a~hf/f, cWoIf

g]skf Pdfn] kgf}tL gu/ * g+= j8f sld6L kl/jf/, kgf}tL, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M !((@.$.@)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.^

:j= cf]k]Gb| a~hf/f g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf ;+ul7t ;b:o tyf kgf}tL gu/ $ g+= j8f sld6Lsf ;lrj cf]k]Gb| a~hf/fsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

O{Zj/ a~hf/f

a'4l;+ yfkf

cWoIf

cWoIf

g]skf Pdfn] kgf}tL gu/ $ g+= j8f sld6L kl/jf/

kgf}tL g=kf= $ g+= j8f sfof{no kl/jf/

kgf}tL–$, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M !((@.$.@)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

:j= pbok|;fb knf~rf]s] sfe|] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s] tyf ;lrtfgGb / /lht knf~rf]s]sf k"hgLo lktf pbok|;fb knf~rf]s] sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

nIdL g/l;+ jfb] gu/ k|d'v tyf

ag]kf gu/kflnsf kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

:j= pbok|;fb knf~rf]s] xfd|f cfTdLo bfh'x? ;lrtfgGb knf~rf]s], k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s] / ldq /lht knf~rf]s]sf k"hgLo lktf pbok|;fb knf~rf]ss ] f] @)&$ r}q * ut] :juf{/f]x0f ePsf]df cToGt} ddf{xt ePsf 5f}+ . o; b'Mvb\ 38Ldf d[t cfTdfsf] rL/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub{} zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

pd]z >]i7, cWoIf Pj+

pd+u art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf–!), sfe|]

!)

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s @@ @)&$ r}q !% ut] ljxLjf/

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL :juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

hGd M !((@.$.@)

:j= pbok|;fb knf~rf]s] xfd|f bfh'Ã¥o ;lrtfgGb knf~rf]s], k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s] / cfTdLo ldq /lht knf~rf]s]sf k"hgLo lktf pbok|;fb knf~rf]ss ] f] lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt >LdfO{ r08]Zj/Ln] w}o{wf/0f ug{] zlQm k|bfg u?g\= elg k|fy{gf ub{5f}+ .

lngf]h kf]6] lgd{n dfgGw/ /f]zg >]i7 /fh' zfSo

czf]s sdf{rfo{ k|]d ef]l5ef]of k'sf/ sf/+lht ljh' zfSo

ljef; ljqmd sfo:y lgd{n knf~rf]s]

ljh]Gb| sfo:y s}nfz knf~rf]s]

ag]kf, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL :juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

hGd M !((@.$.@)

:j= pbok|;fb knf~rf]s] o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf cWoIf k"0f{k|;fb knf~rf]s] / ;+:yfsf C0f pk;ldltsf ;b:o ;lrtfgGb knf~rf]s]sf k"hgLo lktf tyf ;+:yfsf lzIff pk;ldltsf ;b:o ;l/tf knf~rf]s]sf k"hgLo ;;'/f pbok|;fb knf~rf]ss ] f] lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

k'iksfhL >]i7 pkfWoIf tyf

pu|tf/f ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ ag]kf &, sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^)$#(, ^^)^)(

!!

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

/fkk|f lgjfr{gsf] ;ldIff ub}{ ;u+7g lgdf0{fdf wl'nvn]÷kj'{ /fhf 1fgG]bn|] e6]/] kmlsP{sf /fli6o« kh|ftGq kf6Ls { f cWoIf sdn yfkfn] sl]Gbo| ;ldltsf] cgl'zIf0f /fv/] /fh;:+yfsf] Ph0]8fnfO{ kd|v ' Ph0]8f agfPsf 5g\ . …lxGb/'fi6« / lxGbT'jsf] ;/+If0f ug{ / /fh;:+yfsf] ljifonfO{ 5nkmn ug]{ u/L Ph0]8f agfPsf] 5 . cg' l zIf0f sfo{ q mddf ;+l3otfsf af/]df ;d]t 5nkmn u/L kf6L{n] lnPsf] l;4fGt / ljrf/nfO{ kl/dfh{g ug{] ljifodf ;d]t 5nkmn rnfPsf] 5 . ;+u7g lgdf{0f, cfly{s Aoj:yfkg, o'jf kl/rfng / ljljw ljifosf Ph]08f /fv]/ z'? u/]sf] 5nkmnsf] ;'emfjnfO{ a}zfvdf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] s]lGb|o kl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o ug{] cWoIf sdn yfkfn] atfP . a}7ssf] z'ef/De ub{} cWoIf yfkfn] k|ltlglw / k|bz ] ;efsf] lgjf{rg ck|Toflzt / lg/fzfhgs cj:yf pTkGg eP kl5 gofF 9+un] kf6L{nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg] ;f]r ;a}af6 p7]sfn] To;sf] tof/L eO{/x]sf] atfP . cWoIf yfkfn] lg/fzf / ljrng …dGb ljif / dfgl;s /f]uÚ ePsf] l6Kk0fL u/] . …lgjf{rgdf k/fho ePsf] eg]/ tkfO{x? lg/fzfdf ga:g';\, ljrng gx'g';\, of] dGb

ljif xf] / o;nfO{ dfgl;s /f]u ;d]t eG5g\Ú–cWoIf yfkfn] eg]–…lg/fzf / ljrngaf6 d'Qm eP/ :ki6 b[li6sf]0faf6 cuf8L a9\g kf6L{sf] s]lGb|o kl/ifb\ lj/u~hdf a:g] to eO{;s]sf] 5 .Ú a}zfvdf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm kl/ifb\af6 a}rfl/s, /fhgLlts sfo{lbzf / sfo{of]hgf lgwf{/0f u/L cfufdL lgjf{rgdf kf6L{nfO{ cu|0fL zlQmsf ?kdf :yflkt ug{] nIo /x]sf] yfkfn] atfP . …afd u7jGwgsf] ;/sf/nfO{ xfd|f] k"0f{ ;fy / ;dy{g /xG5 t/ ljutsf ulNt sdhf]/L ;RofP/ d'ns ' nfO{ ;Dj[4, zflGt / :yfloTjdf n}hfg' k5{Ú–yfkfn] eg]–…sfd ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ s'g} afwf 5}g, olt x'Fbf klg ca d'n's ;Dj[4 tkm{ 8f]¥ofpg ;lsPg eg] d'n'ss} nflu b'ef{Uo x'G5 .Ú jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ z'esfdgf lbb} yfkfn] eg]–…k|hftGqnfO{ alnof] agfpFb} cfly{s ;Dj[4 xfl;n ug{] cleofgdf nfUg';\ .Ú /fHosf x/]s lgsfodf lta| /fhgLlts/0f / kf6L{s/0f ePsfn] d'n'ssf] /fli6«o Pstf, /fli6«o :jfledfg sfod /fVg r'gf}tL ylkPsf] yfkfn] atfP . …oltv]/ @)^@÷)^# kl5 /fi6«n] lnPsf]

gLltsf sf/0f /fli6«o Pstf, :jflwgtf, :efljefg, wd{ kl/jt{g, cfly{s If]q ;+s6u|:t ePsf 5g\Ú–yfkfn] eg]–…lj:tf/} d'n'sdf ePsf ;+s6sf l5b|fx?nfO{ ;Dj[4 tkm} n}hfg'' k5{ .Ú kf6L{sf k|jQmf e'jg kf7sn] Oltxf;s} ulDe/ df]7df kf6L{ k'u]sfn] kf6L{nfO{ s;/L cuf8L a9fpg], kf6L{ leqsf] r'gf}tLnfO{ s;/L ;fdgf ug{] < eGg] ljifodf lgd{d ;ldIff ePsf] atfP . o'jfx?nfO{

kf6L{df cfs{if0f u/fpg Nofpg' kg{] /0fgLlt, kf6L{ leq km}lnPsf ljs[lt lj;+utLnfO{ ;d]t a}7sdf 5nkmnsf] Ph]08f agfPsf] k|jQmf kf7sn] eg] . a}7s ;dfkg kl5 cWoIf yfkfn] /fli6«o /fhgLlt, k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/sf /fd|f sfdsf] ;d{yg / g/fd|f sfdsf] e08fkmf]/ ug{] atfP . kfFr jif{ hgtfn] ;/sf/ aflx/ a:g' eg]sfn] ;+u7g lgdf{0fdf nfUg] lg0f{o ePsf] yfkfn] atfP .

s[lif a}1flgsx?sf] ag]kfdf lbzfd'Qm lhNnf 3f]if0ffsf] ;Dd]ng tof/L lta| ag]kf÷ g]kfn ;/sf/ / :jL; ;/sf/sf] ;+o'Qm nufgLdf kxf8L ( lhNnfdf ;'Vvf If]qdf pTkfbg x'g] afnL tyf dlxnfx?nfO{ oGqsf] k|of]usf af/]df cg';Gwfg z'? ePsf] 5 . s[lif lj1x?n] /fli6«o s[lif cg'Gwfg k|0ffnLaf6 ePsf] cg';gwfgsf af/]df Ps} ynf]df e]nf eP/ ax; u/]sf 5g\ . hnafo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f ;dodf kfgL gkg{], k/]sf] kfgL Aoj:yfkg gx'g], o'jfx? ljb]lzP/ u|fld0f e]udf dlxnf dfq} x'Fbf v]ltkflt gePs} sf/0f hUuf afFemf] /xg] / pTkfbg gx'g] cj:yf ePkl5 :jL; ;/sf/sf] ;xof]udf x]NjL6f; / g]kfn ;/sf/n] afnLsf] kl/If0f z'? u/L dlxnfd}qL oGq pks/0fx? k|of]udf Nofpg z'? u/]sf] xf] . gfs{n] cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷@)&$ af6 rf/ j6f lhNnfdf cg';Gwfg z'? u/]sf] 5 eg x]NjL6f;n] ( j6f lhNnfdf cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] 5 . b}n]v, sfe|], bf]nvf nufotsf lhNnfdf gfs{n] ul//x]sf] cg'Gwfgdf ljleGg afnLx?sf] k|of]u eO{/x]sf] 5 . gfs{sf] afXo cg';Gwfg dxfzfvfn] tf]/L, cfn', wfg pTkfbg ul//x]sf] 5 . hnafo' d}qL k|ljlwaf6 ;'Vvf ;xg ;Sg] tf]/Lsf] ljp pTkfbg z'? ePsf] 5 . b'O{ afnL tf]/Lsf] kl/If0f ;d]t ;lsPsf] a}1flgs ch{'g kf}8\ofnn] atfP . pbok'/df Pl;l; (!)( / Pl;l; (!!* b'O{ hftsf ljpx? pTkfbg u/L k|of]u ;d]t ePsf] 5 . pbok'/df wfgsf] ufFhdf n;'g /f]Kg] cg';wfg ePsf] 5 . s[ifsn] wfg sfl6;s]kl5 ;'Vvf /xg] v]tdf vghf]t g} gu/L n;'g /f]Kg ;Sg]5g\ .

To;sf] ;kmn k|of]u eO{;s]sf] a}1flgs kf}8\ofnn] atfP . hgsb]j / v'dn /ftf] cfn'sf] ;kmn kl/If0f kl5 s[ifs v'zL ePsf 5g\ . cfn'sf] bfgf 7'nf] / /fd|f] ePsfn] pTkfbg ;d]t bf]Aa/ ePsf] 5 . ;'Vvf ;xg ;Sg] afnLx?sf] gfs{n] cg';Gwfg / kl/If0f ul//x]sf] 5 . cfn'sf] k'j{ d"n ljp ;d]t pTkfbg eO{/x]sf] pgn]

atfP . To:t} ;'g sfutL pTkfbgsf nflu Ans lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . dxfzfvf k|d'v 8f= t'naxfb'/ k'gn] gfs{sf pTkfbgx? kl/If0fdf pTs[i6 7xl/Psf] atfP . s[lif a}1flgs u+uf/fd 7s'/Ln] dlxnfnfO{ k|of]u ug{ ;xh x'g] xft] cf}hf/x? k|of]udf NofPsf] atfP . v]tdf k|j]z ubf{ afnL nufpg] b]lv To;sf] uf]8d]n, sf6\g], ;'sfpg], r'6\g] / yGSofpg] ;Ddsf cf}hf/x? k|of]udf NofO{Psf] atfP . h;sf sf/0f dlxnfx? PSn} 3/df /xFbf klg yf]/} ;do / cf}hf/sf sf/0f pTkfbg ug{ ;xh x'g] e08f/Ln] atfP . v]taf/L hf]Tg ;lsg] xft] 6«ofS6/ b]lv afnLx?sf] Aoj:yfkgsf nflu cfjZos kg{} ;a} d]lzgx? k|of]udf NofO{Psf] 5 . s[lifdf oflGqs/0f u/L ;'Vvf If]qdf ;d]t pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] aflnx?sf] k|of]u z'? ePsf] 5 . afujfgL ljsf; s]Gb| b}nv ] sf k|dv ' 8f= ljgf]b n'O{6]nn] k|of; sfo{qmd dfkm{t b}n]vdf ls;fgx?sf] hLjg:t/, cfocfh{g / kf]if0f a9fpg] sfo{qmd z'? ePsf 5g\ . wfg, ds}, ux'F hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f pTkfbgdf l9nfO{ x'Fbf s[ifsx? ;d:ofdf k/]sfn] ;'Vvf ofddf To:tf afnLx?sf] pTkfbg sd x'g glbg] sfo{qmd z'? ePsf] n'O6{ n] n] atfP . sf];a] fnLdf as'Nnf, s]/fp, ljp pTkfbgdf ;xeflutfd'ns hfts} cfwf/df 5gf}6 ug{] sfd z'? ePsf] pgn] atfP . sfutL, cfn' pTkfbgdf dlxnfx?sf] oflGqs/0fsf] k|of]uaf6 ;xeflutfdf a[4L eO{ pTkfbg a9]sf] pgn] atfP . a}1flgs gf/fo0faxfb'/ wfdLn] lhNnfsf ljleGg If]qdf sf]bf], ;'Vvf :yfgdf wfgsf] pTkfbg z'? u/]sf] atfP .

8An' s] !&!@ gDj/sf] d'8'nf] wfg, Kofhsf] ufgf, ds} leq sf];a] fnLsf] pTkfbg z'? ePsf] pgn] atfP . /fli6«o s[lif cg';Gwfg k|0ffnL :yfkgf ;DjGwL b'O{ lbg] sfo{zfnf uf]i7Ldf ;xeflu a}1flgsx?n] ca 5l/P/ eGbf Plss[t 9+uaf6 pTkfbg z'? u/] dfq} s[lif dfkm{t cfly{s ;Dj[4 Nofpg ;lsg] lgZsif{ lgsfn]sf 5g\ .

t]dfn lhNnfs} klxnf], rf}/L b]p/fnL 3f]if0ff x'“b} t]dfn ufpFkflnsfnfO{ zlgaf/ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|s ] f k|dv ' p4j s];Lsf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf pQm ufpF k flnsfnfO{ v' N nf lbzfd' Q m ufpFkflnsf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . t]dfn ufpkflnsf :tl/o vfg]kfgL ;/;kmfO tyf :jR5tf ;dGjo ;ldtLsf] cfof]hgfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf ;dGjo ;ldlt k|dv ' s];Ln] lhNnfs} klxnf] v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ePsf]df ufpFkflnsfnfO{ awfO{ lbPsf lyP . cWoIf ;nfdl;+ nfdfn] t]dfnnfO{ ;/;kmfO{, vfg]kfgL, lzIffdf cu|0fL agfpg cleofg z'? ul/Psf] atfP . ;'Vvfu|:t t]dfndf vfg]kfgLsf] cefj 5 . a[xQ ;'Vvf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf] sfo{ lta| ?kdf eO{/x]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf lhNnf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ l8lehg sfof{no k|dv ' /fdrGb| sfkm\nn] ] v'Nnf lbzf d'Qm If]q ;a} :yfgLo txdf x'g] atfP . sfo{qmddf zflGt hg cfbz{ ;]jf s]Gb|sf cWoIf z+va'4 nfdf, ;fy ;fy} g]b/Nof08sf k|ltlglw kfN;fª tfdfª, ;fy ;fy} d'G8L g]b/Nof08sf cWoIf ;+uf| dhLt nfdf, ;fy ;fy} g]kfnsf cWoIf lddaxfb'/ tfdfª, g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO{6L sfe|] zfvfsf dGqL p4j kf}8n] , g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, u|fdL0f lasf; ;+:yfsf cWoIf l8Pg ltdlN;gf, lzIfssf >f]t AolQm rGb|k|;fb d}gfnL, :jf:YosdL{ r'8fd0fL sfkm\]n] nufotn] v'Nnf lbzf d'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ePsf]df z'esfdgf dGtJo

/fv]sf lyP .

pkfWoIf b'uf{ nfdfn] t]dfnsf & j6f ;fljssf] uflj;df klxNo} v'Nnf lbzf d'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] eP klg ufpFkflnsfsf] ;+/rgf ePkl5 cg'df]bg ul/Psf] atfO{g\ . t]dfnsf] j8f gDj/ ^ 7'nf] k;{n] df @)^! ;fndf lhNnfs} klxnf] uflj;sf ?kdf v'Nnf lbzf d'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . @)^* ;fndf d]R5], ;+:o{vs{, rfkfvf]/L, af]Nb] km]lbr], kf]v/Lg/fo0f:yfg uflj;nfO{ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf t]dfnnfO{ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ ljleGg ;+3÷;+:yfx?nfO{ ;Ddfg tyf dfofsf] lrgf] k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ufpFkflnsf cWoIf ;nfdl;+ nfdfsf] cWoIftfdf !% ;b:oLo ufpFkflnsf :t/sf] vfg]kfgL ;/;kmfO{ tyf :jR5tf ;dGjo ;ldlt ;d]t u7g u7g u/]sf] lyof] . td]fn ufpkFflnsfsf % xhf/ @ ;o 3/w/'Ldf zfr } fnosf] kxr 'F kl'u;ss ] fn]] vN'nf lbzf dQ ' m Ifq] 3fi]f0ff ul/Psf] td]fn ufpkFflnsfsf kj|Qmf 1fgaxfb/' dfQ ] mfgn] atfP . td]fn ufpkFflnsf vN'nf lbzfdQ'm Ifq] 3fi]f0ff ePkl5 kd|f0fkq lnbF} ufpkFflnsf cWoIf ;nfdl;+ tfdfªn] cfkmg\f] ufpkFflnsf leq ;/;kmfOs { f] cleofgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] kl|ta4tf hfx/] u/] . td]fn kl5 rf/}L bp]/fnL ufpkFflnsfdf rq} !& ut] vN'nf lbzfdQ ' m ufpkFflnsf 3fi]f0ff xg'] ePsf] 5 . ay]fGrfs ] , /fz ] L ufpkFflnsfn] klg pQm sfoq{mdsf] cfofh]gf ug]{ tof/L u/s ] f 5g\ .

kgf}tLdf ;'/]Gb|sf] Psn ;f+lults sfo{qmd

;/:jtL bfxfn÷kgf}tL kgf}tLdf :j/;d|f6 :j= gf/fo0f uf]kfn u'?jfrfo{sf] ;Demgfdf Psn ;fª\uLlts sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . zlgaf/ ufos Pjd\ ;ª\uLtsf/ ;'/]Gb| >]i7sf] Psn k|:t'ltdf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf] ;efxndf gf/fo0f uf]kfnsf] :j/df /]s8{ ePsf s/La b'O bh{g uLt k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . pgnfO{ sf]/;df ?kf ;fksf]6f, k'ikf bfxfn / of]hgf v8\uLn] ;fy lbPsf lyP . nfdf] ;dob]lv ;fª\uLlts If]qdf nfluk/]sf ;'/]Gb| >]i7sf] Psn sfo{qmd ug{ kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v eLd Gof}kfg] k|d'v ;Nnfxsf/ /x]sf] ;ft ;b:oLo

jif{ @$ c+s @@ @)&$ r}q !% ut] ljxLjf/

c6nsf] lgMzN's :jf:Yo lzlj/

w'lnv]n÷@* lsnf] rf]sdf /x]sf] c6n kfFrs'08 art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= n] w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf ! lbg] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/sf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . lzlj/df bfFt ;DalGw ;d:of ePsfx?sf] klxrfg u/L pkrf/sf] qmddf nfUg] z'Nsdf w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf] ;xof]udf cfwf z'Ns 5'6

;d]tsf] Aoj:yf u/L km'sfNg cfjZos b]lvPsf bfFtx?nfO{ lzlj/df g} km'sfnL cfjZos kg{] cf}iflw ;d]t lgMz'Ns lat/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fy} lzlj/df ;'u/ tyf k|]z/sf] lgMz'Ns k/LIf0f ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm lbg ePsf] lzlj/df ;b:o tyf u}/ ;b:o u/L @ ;o !# hgfsf] bfFt, ;'u/ / k|]z/sf] k/LIf0f u/LPsf] lyof] .

ag]kf gu/kflnsf

gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{nosf] kmf]xf]/ d}nf Joj:yfkgsf nflu k|:tfj cfx\jfg ;DaGwL

;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&$.!@.!% ag]kf gu/ If]q leqaf6 pTkfbg x'g] kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{ b]xfosf zt{ aGb]hsf clwgdf /xL lghL If]q;+usf] ;xsfo{df ug'{kg{] ePsf]n] pQm sfo{ ug{ of]Uo OR5's btf{jfnf ;+:yfn] o; sfof{nodf k|:tfj k]z ug{x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . zt{ aGb]h ! of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ePsf ldltn] kGw|f} lbg sfof{no ;do ;Dddf k|:tfj btf{ ug{ ;lsg] 5 . @ Dofb leq btf{ ePsf k|:tfj of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf ldltn] ;f]x|f} lbg lbgsf] @M)) ah] o; sfof{nodf vf]lng] 5 . # :jLs[t k|:tfjs;Fu al9df kfFr jif{sf nflu ag]kf gu/ If]qsf] kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ;+emf}tf x'g]5 . ;f] cjlwdf ePsf] sfdsf] k|ult ;d]tsf cwf/df b'j} kIfsf] ;xdltdf Dofb yk ug{ ;lsg] k|fjwfg /xg] 5 . k|:tfjssf] k|:tfjdf kmf]xf]/ pTkfbg :yn b]lvg} kmf]xf]/ ljljlws/0f u/L 3R sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg] sfo{ of]hgf ;d]t k|:tfj;fy k|:t't x'g'kg{]5 . $ k|:tfjsn] cfkm\gf] k|:tfjdf b]xfosf ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg{]5 . s= ;:+yf btf,{ gljs/0f / s/ rS'tf u/s ] f] kd|f0f kqsf] kl|tlnlk . v= k:|tfjssf] k:|tfjdf kmfx]f/] pTkfbg :yn bl]vg} kmfx]f/] ljljlws/0f u/L 3R (Reduce, Reuse & Recycle) sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ sfofG{jogdf Nofpg] ljlw / tl/sf pNnv] ePsf] sfo{ ofh]gf . u= kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkgsf nflu k|:tfjs;Fu /x]sf ;|f]t ;fwg tyf hgzlQmsf] cj:yf .

3= kmfx]f/] pTkfbg ug] { 3/, k;n jf kl|ti7fg wgLn] Joxfg]k{'g] { dflzs zN'ssf] b//6] ;DaGwL k:|tfj . ª= k|:tfjssf] kmfxf]/d}nf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf xfn ;Dd k|fKt ;kmn cg'ejsf] lg:;f ;lxtsf] ljj/0f . r= cGo v'nfpg' kg{] yk ljifoj:t'x? . %_ :jLs[t k|:TFjF sn] kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkgsf nflu cfj:os hUufsf] Joj:yf :jodn] ug'k{ g{] 5 ^_ :jLs[t k|:tfjsn] k|:tfjdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] z'Ns lng] u/L ag]kf gu/ If]q leqsf ;a} If]qsf] kmf]xf]/ ;+sng ug'k{ g{] 5 . ;fy} gu/ If]q leqsf ;fj{hlgs :yfgx?af6 pTkfbg x'g] / gu/kflnsfaf6 ;+sng ul/Psf] kmf]xf]/ lgz'Ns Joj:yfkg ul/lbg' kg{5 ] . &_ :jLst[ k:|tfjsn] kmfx]f/] Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{ ubf{ cfwl'gs kl|jlwx?sf] pRrtd pkofu] ub}{ kmfx]f/] pTkfbg qmdzM Gog" ug]{ cjwf/0ff cg?'k ug]{ / pTkflbt kmfx]f/] Joj:yfkg ubf{ Joj:yfkg :yn jl/k/L jftfj/0f kb|i'f0f gxg'] u/L 3/]fjf/f ko|fu] u//] dfq Joj:yfkg ug{' kg5]{ . *_ k|:tfjdf jflif{s cfDbfgL vr{sf] Jojxfl/s sfo{tflnsf ;d]t k]z ul/Psf] x'g'kg{] 5 . To;/L k|:t't ePsf] tflnsfdf kmf]xf]/d}nf pTkfbsaf6 dflzs ?kdf p7fpg] z'Ns b/ ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g'kg{] 5 . t/ To;/L z'Ns b/ k|:tfj ubf{ o; gu/kflnsfsf] gu/ ;efaf6 :jLs[t b/ eGbf al9 b/ k|:tfj ug{ kfOg] 5}g . (_ :jLs[t k|:tfjsn] ;+emf}tf ug'{k"j{ ?= kfFrnfv jf ;f] eGbf al9 /sd ag]kf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] gfdsf] a}+s vftfdf hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ k]z ug'{kg{] 5 . !)_ k]z ePsf] k|:tfjsf ;DaGwdf s'g} c:ki6tf eP k]z ePsf zt{ aGb]hsf cfwf/e"t s'/fdf tflTjs leGgtf gx'g] u/L kl5 yk ljj/0f dfUg s'g} afwf kg{] 5}g . !!_ btf{ ePsf k|:tfjx? dWo] kmf]xf]/ pTkfbsaf6 lng] z'Ns, kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkgsf] tl/sf, k|:tfjssf] kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL cg'ej, k|:tfjs;Fu /x]sf] ;|f]t;fwg tyf hgzlQm / ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] bfloTj Pj+ gu/kflnsfn] k|fKt ug{] nfe ;d]tsf cfwf/df d"Nofª\g u/L pko'Qm / k|efjsf/L b]lvPsf] k|:tfj:jLs[t ul/g] 5 . !@_ k:|tfj ;fy k:|tfjbftf ;:+yf btf{ tyf gljs/0f ePsf kd|f0f sfuhft, s/ b:t/' lt/s ] f kd|f0f sfuhft / kmfx]f/]dn}f Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL cge'jsf kd|f0f sfuh kz ] ePsf] xg'k'g] { 5 . !#_ sg'} klg k:|tfj ljgfsf/0f :jLst[ jf c:jLst[ ug] { clwsf/ agk]f gu/kflnsfdf ;/'lIft /xg] 5 . !$_ k|:tfj bflvnf ug{] / vf]Ng] lbg ljbf k/]df qmdzM ;f] sf] ef]lnkN6 x'g]5 . ;fy} k|:tfjs jf lghsf] k|ltlgwL cg'kl:yt eP klg k|:tfj vf]Ng s'g} afwf kg{] 5}g . !%_ ag]kfsf] gu/ ;efaf6 :jLs[t kmf]xf]/d}nf z'Ns nufot k|:t't ;"rgfsf ;DaGwdf a'em\g'kg{] yk hfgsf/L ag]kf gu/kflnsf, sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{noaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

cfof]hs ;ldlt u7g u/L sfo{qmdsf] tof/L ul/Psf] lyof] .

nId0f dft+5]sf] ;+of]hsTjdf /fh]Gb| k|wfg, a'4 tfdfª, /fhs'df/ >]i7, g/]Gb|s'df/ gu/sf]6L, /fd v8\uL / s]zj sdf{rfo{ ;b:o /xg] u/L ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf gf/fo0f uf]kfnn] :j/ lbPsf uLtsf uLtsf/ Pjd\ ;ª\uLtsf/ klg pkl:yt lyP . /fli6«o :t/df Voflt sdfPsf ;|i6f, snfsf/ / snfsdL{x?sf] pkl:ylt /x]s]f pQm sfo{qmddf ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP . k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/

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w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf sfof{no w'lnv]n, sfe|]af6

;f“w ;“lwof/sf] gfddf hf/L ul/Psf] ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&$.!@.!% sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf sfe|] uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] lji0f'k|;fb a8fn / xl/k|;fb a8fnn] ;fljs sfe|] & xfn w'gkf !#÷* sf] ls=g+= !(%( / !(%* sf] If]=km= )–!–@–) / )–)–@–) df 3/ gS;f kf; ug{ o; gu/kflnsfdf ldlt @)&$.^.@( df gS;f ;lxt lgj]bg btf{ u/fO{ ldlt @)&$.!).* df ;Flwof/sf] gfddf ;lGw ;k{g kg{]÷gkg{} ;DalGw !% lbg] ;"rgf 6fF; / ldlt @)&$.!!.!) df ;ft lbg] ;"rgf 6fF; ubf{ ;d]t k"j{ tkm{sf lnnfb]jL ltdlN:gf pQm ;"rgf 6fF; u/]sf] a]nf pkl:yt g/x]sf] ;fy} xfn;Dd ;Flwof/n] ;xL gu/]sf] b]lvPsf]n] of] @! lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . o;df tkfO{nfO{ jf c? s;}nfo{ kL/ dsf{ ;lGw ;k{g kg{] ePdf o; gu/kflnsf sfof{nodf @! lbgleq lnlvt ph'/L ;lxt ;Dks{ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf cGoyf lgodfg';f/ eO{hfg] hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

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lhNnf kl/of]hgf ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt a}7s ;DkGg ag] k f÷u| f ld0f pTyfg ax'd'vL ;]jf ;ldltn] cGt/fli6«o cWoog tyf ;xof]u s]Gb| g]kfn / Unf]an ckm]o;{ Sofgf8fsf] cfly{s ;xof]udfdf lhNnfsf] a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsfsf tLg j6f j8fdf ;+rflnt sfo{qmdsf] af/]df lhNnf kl/of]hgf ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt a}7s ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg a}7sdf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt clwsf/L sf]dn wdnf, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no k|dv ' 8f= gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7, lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{ n o k| d ' v , a] y f~rf] s ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf k|]daxfb'/ ltdlN;gf, pkfWoIf ;l/tf nfld5fg] nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . cWoIf clZjg rf}nfufO{n] ;+:yfn] ul//x]sf ultljlwsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbP eg] sfo{qmd ;+of]hs zflGt af]u6Ln] kl/of]hgf ;+rfng If]qdf eP u/]sf ultljlwsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsL lyO{g\ . a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsfsf] RofDa|fËa]zL, Rofl;Ëvs{, dxfsfnrf}/df e'sDk k|efljtx?sf nflu lhljsf]kfh{g k|j{wg sfo{qmdk'g{lgdf0f_ ;+rfng eO{/x]sf] 5 . pQm ;+:yfn] sfe|]sf] cnfjf l;Gw'kfNrf]s / nlntk'/ lhNnfdf klg ;f]lx k|s[ltsf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . s[lif / kz'kfngsf] dfWodaf6 cfly{s ljsf;df ;xof]u ug{], dlxnfx?4f/f ;+rflnt ;fgf demf}nf tyf dWod pBdL / pBf]ux?sf] :yfkgf, k'g{:yfkgf / k|f]T;fxg ug{], lqmoflzn pd]/ ;d'x dlxnf tyf o'jfx?nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;xof]u ug{] sfo{qmdsf] d'Vo pb]Zo /x]sf] cWoIf rf}nfufO{n] atfP . pTkfbg ;dx'nfO{

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efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

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efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

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hGd M !((@.$.@)

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.*

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efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M !((@.$.@)

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

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o; Snasf pkfWoIf tyf cfTdLo ldq lgs]z gflktsf] k"hgLo lktf ab|Lnfn gflktsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf w}o{ wf/0f ug{} zlQm >LdfO{ r08]Zj/Ln] k|bfg u?g\ elg k|fy{gf ub{5f}F .

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e/t /fO{ nlntk'/, wf]ljvf]nf

ofbj yfkf gGb s'= yfkf df]xg b'jfn ag]kf, hgfufn nlntk'/, Odf8f]n ag]kf tyf

k"j{ k|wfgfWofksx?, dx]Gb| df=lj= ;f“uf, sfe|]

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o; ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;ldltsf ;b:o ofbj Gx'R5] k|wfgsf k"hgLo lktf Pj+ xfd|f k/d u'? dfwjgf/fo0f Gx'R5] k|wfg sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf w}o{ wf/0f ug{] zlQm >L gfl;sf dfO{af6 k|bfg xf];\ elg k|fy{gf ub{5f}F .

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!#

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motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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The Selected

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find us at: www.facebook.com/the selected

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kd]|s} gfddf vn]fg}f xg'] xf] gf/L < k|d] clhj /x]5 . dfG5] dfG5] aLrsf] kl/efiffn] k|d] nfO{ a'em\g} ;lsPg . klxn] klxn] klg dfG5]x? ckf/ k|]d ubf{ /x]5g\ . s;}n] AoQm u/] t s;}n] To;nfO{ bafP/} /fv] . k|]d kl5 ljjfx ug{]x? sf]lx v'zL 5g\ sf]lx tgfjsf] hLjg lhO{/x]sf 5g\ . cflv/ k|]d t hLjgdf ;Dj[4L Nofpg] dfWod xf]Og / < sxfF efFlrG5 dg < stf 7f]lSsG5 dg < lvof nfUbf chf{Kg klg gldNg] s:tf] dg < ;f]Ry]+ PsnfO{ k|]d u/]kl5 c? dfG5]x?;Fu dtnj x'Fb}g . :jfy{df l6s]sf] ;DjGw, lgZrn k|]d b]vfj6L dfq} x'g] /x]5 . kTofpg] s;/L < ljZjf; s] df 5 < Pp6} cf]5\ofgdf ;'t]sf] >Ldfgn] 3fF6L lyr]/ df5{ eg], sfvdf ;'tfP/ 5'/L /f]K5 eg] ug{] s] < tTsfn p;s} sfvdf dg{ kfpFbf t p k5'tfpFYof] xf]nf, lhpFb} t8\kfO{ t8\kfO{ df¥of] eg] s] 5 / ljsNk < cfkm'nfO{ k|d] u/]kl5 dfq} c?nfO{ ;Dej 5 . cfkm'nfO{ j]jf:tf u/L csf{]sf] k|]dsf e/df kg{]x? slxNo} v'zL x'Fb}gg\ . k|]d cGwf] x'G5 eGg]x? klg cfFvf v'n]kl5 u'? aG5g\ . kfsf] pd]/, cg'ej, kfl/jf/Ls k[i7e'dL, AolQmTj, cfTdlge{/ k|]dsf] ;kmntf xf] . zfl/l/s cfs{if0fdf ul/Psf] k|]d sfutL h:t} /x]5 . /; 5p~h]n lgrf]/]/ r':g] / /; cfpg 5f8]kl5 kmflnlbg] k/Dk/f kl5Nnf] ;do a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . r]tgf geP/ xf]Og, w]/} eP/ xf] . :jtGqtf, cleefjsx?sf] 5f]/f5f]/L k|ltsf] ljZjf;df 3ft, k|ljwL / ;don] dfG5]nfO{ cGwf] klg agfpFb} nu]sf] 5 . @)$% ;fn r}qdf sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] kfFrvfndf d]/f] hGd eof] . kfFr lbbL alxgL dWo]sL sflG5 d . cem} d]/f] efO{ lyof] . a'af cfdf cfly{s ?kn] sdhf]/ x'g'x'GYof] . lbbLx? ;a}n] cfkm\gf] cfkm\gf] ljjfx u/]sf lyP . efO{ / d]/f] eljZosf nflu a'af cfdfn] slDt b'v ug{' ePg . lbbLx?n] u/]sf] b'vsf] aofg u/L ;fWo 5}g . x/]s jif{ xfdL sflt{s b]lv r}q dlxgf;Dd e§fdf x'GYof}+ . e§faf6} xfd|f] hLjg rln/x]sf] lyof] .

3/L sn+sL, 3/L eQk'/ xfd|f nflu xfd|f] hLjg lnnfdL h:t} lyof] . w]/} /sd lbg]x?sf] xfdL bf; aGYof}+ . Tof] k};f klg clu|d lnO{;lsPsf] x'g] /x]5 . Tolx k};fn] bz}, ltxf/ h:tf rf8kj{x? dgfpg] clg plgx?sf]

sfddf hfg] . To:tf] x/]s jif{ x'GYof] . slxn]sfFlx ghfg] lg0f{o ubf{ ;d]t ;'v kfO{b}g lyof] . lbbLx?n] t egf{ ePsf] sIff /x]g . kf; ePsf] sIff klg ePg . a}zfvdf egf{ x'g], sflt{sdf lxl8xfNg] . km]/L csf{] jif{ cfof] csf{] sIffdf egf{ x'g] . sIff * ;Ddsf] ljBfno lyof] . lt ;a} sIffx?df b'O{ lbbLx?n] egf{ ePsf] /]s8{ /x]5 . xfdL dfq} xf]Og xfd|f] ufpFsf y'k}| AolQmx?, kl/jf/x?sf] b}gLsL Tolx lyof] . /fHon] xfdLnfO{ jif{e/L /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ l;h{gf u¥of] eg] xfdL lsg To;/L e§fdf hfGYof} xf]nf / < ls a'af cfdfn] /f]huf/Lsf nflu k|of; gu/]sf] xf]nf < sd;]sd afnaflnsfx?sf nflu klg ;f]Rg' kg{] xf] lg < dgdg} o:t} s'/fx? v]ln/x]sf x'Gy] . ljBfnosf ;xkf7Lx? lgoldt ljBfno cfO{lbP x'GYof] eGy] . cfkm\gf] ;d:of cs{} lyof] . Ps lbg a'afnfO{ sfkL ;lsof], lzIfsn] gofF sfkL u[xsfo{sf nflu lnP/ cfpg' eGg' ePsf] 5 eg]/ eg]+ . pxfFn] ;'Gof g;'Go} ug{' eof] . cfdf;Fu /f]PF, pxfFn] k};f 5}g eGg' eof] . ljBfno uPF lzIfsn] s'6\g' eof] . csf{] lbg klg 3/ kl/jf/n] ;'g]g . sf/0f s] /x]5 eg] k;ndf NofPsf] ;fdfgsf] k};f lt/]s} /x]g5, gofF ;fdfg lsGg hfg k'/fgf] k};f ltg{' k¥of] . sxfFaf6 NofP/ ltg{' . g s'g} cfDbfgLsf] af6f] 5, g s'g} ;Defjgf . ;fgf] sIffdf eP klg l;;fn] n]v]sf] k'/} d]6]/ n]Vg' < sIff # df cWoog ubf{ d]/f] ;fyLn] To;} u/]sf] lyof] . cl3Nnf] lbg ;a} u[xsfo{ ug{], ef]nLkN6 k'/} d]6\g] . lzIfsx?n] sndn] ;lx u/]sfnfO{ y'sn] sfkL df8]/ n]Vg] . o:tf If0fx? d]/f dfq} xf]Ogg ;fyLx?sf] klg lyP . ljBfno hfg 5fl8lbPF . k9]/ s] x'g] /x]5 / < sflk snd ljgfsf] lzIffn] sxfF k'¥ofpnf / < lbbLx?sf] klg t gk9] klg ljjfx eof] lg < d]/f] gxf]nf eGg] 5 / < slt s'6fO{ vfg' < a'afcfdfn] klg a'lemlbg' kg{] xf] . d}n] klg ;ls g;sL e§fdf sfd u/]s} lyPF . pxfFx? ;Fu} p7]/ O6f af]s]s} lyPF . lrDgLdf k'¥ofPs} lyPF . ;fFrf]df df6f] e/]s} lyPF . xf]nf pxfFx? hlt sfd ug{ ;lsg . t/ klg d]/f] >dsf sf/0f klg dnfO{ k9fpg' kb{Yof] . d 5f]/L lyPF . 5f]/f kl9/x]sf] lyof] . lje]b x'g] /x]5 . p;n] a'af cfdf kfNg' kg{] dfGotf

lyof] . xfdL csf{sf] 3/df uP/ csf{sf afa' cfdf :ofxfg' lyof] .

To;d} klg ljeb] x'Fbf] /x]5 . 5f]/Lx? hGdg] ljltSs} csf{sf] eg]kl5 lsg w]/} cj;/ lbg' < p;n] nu]/ ul/xfN5 lg < o:tf Aojxf/x? w]/} x'Gy] . ufpFe/L afhf ahfP/ ljjfx ePsf] b]Vy] d . xfd|f] 3/df klg To:tf] cj;/ slxn] cfpnf eg]/ ;lDemFbf ;lDemFb} lbbLx? ;a}n] eflu ljjfx ul/;Sg' ePsf] lyof] . s;}sf] 3/ bfª, s;}sf] ;Nofg, s;}sf] afFs] lyof] . t/ plgx? ;a} e§fdf e]6 ePsf s]6fx?;Fu ljjfx u/]sf lyP . ^ dlxgf e§fdf hfg] / ^ dlxgf cfkm\g} ufpF kms{g] rng /x]5 . ljjfx u/]kl5 plgx? klg ufpF kmls{Pgg . s]lx ;do kfFrvfnd} cfP/ sfd u/] . cGo ;do sf7df8f}df ef/L af]Sg], c? >dsf sfddf ;+nUg eP . d ;fg} ePsfn] To:tf a:g] s'/f klg ePg . 3/df kmls{P . Tolta]nf;Dd d}n] ljBfno 5f8]sf] lyOg . @)^@ ;fnsf] s'/f xf] . xfdL s+nsLsf] e§fd} sfddf lyof}+ . d}n] sl/j sl/j ljBfno 5fl8;s]sf] cj:yf lyof] . cl3Nnf] jif{ klg e]6 ePsf] ;Nofgsf] Ps hgf s]6f dnfO{ dg k/]sf] lyof] . v} lsg xf] p;Fu e]6 eP b]lv g} d}n] p;nfO{ cflTdo 7fg]sf] lyPF . p;sf] cg'xf/ b]Vbf klg dnfO{ cfgGb cfpFYof] . lbp;e/Lsf] ysfO{nfO{ klg d}n] p;s} cg'xf/df x]//] d]6fpFy] . t/ AoQm ug{ ;s]sf] lyO{g . p klg d / d]/f] sfd k|lt cToGt} ;xof]u lyof] . To;n] d't{ ?k kfpg] ;Defjgf a9]/ uof] . xfdL b'an} ] ljjfx ug{] lg0f{o u¥of}+ . xfd|f sfdx? klg s]lx lbg aGb eP . Tolx cj;/ kf/]/ xfdL efUof}+ . s]lx lbg xfdL e§fsf] k};fn] nhdf a:of}+ . s]lx lbg kl5 xfdL sfe|] g} cfof}+ . a'af cfdfsf] cj/f]w lyPg . lsgsL s'g} 5f]/Lx?sf] klg cfkm'n] ljjfx ul/lbg ;s]sf] xf]Og . p;n] klg ;dod} /fd|f] s]6f vf]h/] hfFbf cfklQ x'g] s'/f klg lyPg . s]lx ;do xfdL sf7df8f}af6 lx8]/} kfFrvfn 3/df cfP/ a:of}+ . ljjflxt 5f]/L w]/} ;do dfO{t a:g] s'/f klg lyPg . p;n] / d}n] sf7df8f}df uP/ st} s]lx sfd ug{] of]hgf agfof}+ . p klg dnfO{ cToGt} dfof ub{Yof] . sf7df8f}df s]lx lbg lbbL legfh'x?;Fu a:of}+ . plgx?sf] b'v klg To:t} lyof] . legfh' uf8Ldf

d]/f] eGbf /fd|f] sf]7fdf p cf/fd ul//x]sf] /x]5 . otf >LdtL ;'Ts]/L, ptf o'jtL t?gL . ljxfg b]lv a]n'sf;Dd sfd u¥of], ;fFem nu]/ k};f p;}nfO{ a'emfof] . p;sf] sfvd} aRrf kmfn]/ d sf]7fdf cfPF . w]/} ;do /f]PF . s;nfO{ egf} < s] egf}+ < cfkm\g} lg0f{o lyof] Tof] . k|]ddf ePsf] 3ftn] d kfun em} ePF . sfd ug{' x'Fbf] /x]5 . lbbLn] HjfO{nfO{ klg Tot} nUbf x'GYof] eg]kl5 pgLx? b'a} hgf uf8Ldf sfd ug{ yfn] . sf7df8f} leq} rNg] uf8Ldf ;xof]uLsf ?kdf sfd ubf{ p;n] b}gLs @ ;o eGbf w]/} /sd dnfO{ NofP/ a'emfpg] u/]sf] lyof] . otf s]lx ;dod} d cfdf aGg] ePsf] lyPF . p;sf] / d]/f] ;DjGwdf s'g} ;d:of lyPg . ha d ue{jtL ePF p;sf] dfof emg} w]/} kfPF . sflt{s dlxgf cfof] . k'/fg} sfddf hfg] k|:tfj cfPsf] lyof] . p;n] g} ca ghfg] uf8Ld} /fd|f] sdfO{ x'G5 eGof] . d ;Sg] klg lyOg sfd ug{ . klxnf] ;Gtfg 5f]/f hlGdof] . cfdfn] dnfO{ ;'Ts]/L :ofxf/ ug{' eof] . p;n] klg cfkm\gf] bfloTjdf sld u/]g . cfdf a'af ;a} v'zL g} x'g'x'GYof] . lbbLx? klg emg} v'zL lyP . alxgLsf] >Ldfg /fd|f] kfPsf]df ;a} b+u lyP . dfG5]sf] e8Ë x'g slt ;do nfUbf] /x]5 .

3/df >LdtL ;'Ts]/L lyO{ . s]6f dfG5]x? !@ dlxgf >LdtLx?n] cfkm\gf] Kof; d]6fpg eGg] ;f]Rbf /x]5g . p lj:tf/} 3/df cfpg sd ub{} uof] . lsg eGbf p;n] hjfkm lbGYof] uf8L s'g{' k5{ . uf8L rnfpg klg l;Sb} 5' . ef]nL rfns ePF eg] t w]/} sdfO{ klg x'G5 eljZo klg pHHjn x'G5 . ;d:of klg 5}g . xf] d}n] Tolx ;f]Rby]+ . p;sf] dfof / eljZo k|ltsf] lrGtfdf d dVv lyPF . sf]7f lnPs} lyof] . vfgnfO{ ;d:of lyPg . nufpg klg ;d:of lyPg . lsg lrGtf ug{' < >Ldfg Ps lbg lj/fP/ cfpFy] . ;ft lbg;Dd cfPgg\ . sf]7fdf /f;g ;lsPsf] lyof] . * cf} lbgsf] lbg sf]7fdf cfPkl5 Ps k6s emu8f klg k¥of] . ljjfx u/] b]lvsf] klxnf] emu8f lyof] Tof] . 5f]/f lj/fdL lyof], c:ktfn n}hfg k};f lyPg . vfBfGg ;lsPsf] lyof] . lsGg kfO{Psf] lyPg . d}n] v'jfPF xf]nf Toqf lbgx? . s;/L afFr] xf]nf cfdf 5f]/f < ;'Ts]/L dlxnf < ;fgf] sfvsf] aRrf <

p s]lx af]ng] . vlNtdf ePsf] s]lx xhf/ ?k}of 5f8]/ ef]lnkN6} ljxfg kmls{of] . csf{] kN6 t !% lbg;Dd 3/df kmls{Pg . ca ePg eg]/ p;n] sfd ug{] 7fpFdf uPsf] t p;sf] dl:t g} cs{} /x]5 . d]/f] eGbf /fd|f] sf]7fdf p cf/fd ul//x]sf] /x]5 . otf >LdtL ;'Ts]/L, ptf o'jtL t?gL . ljxfg b]lv a]ns ' f;Dd sfd u¥of], ;fFem nu]/ k};f p;}nfO{ a'emfof] . p;sf] sfvd} aRrf kmfn]/ d sf]7fdf cfPF . w]/} ;do /f]PF . s;nfO{ egf} < s] egf}+ < cfkm\g} lg0f{o lyof] Tof] . k|d] df ePsf] 3ftn] d kfun em} ePF . ;fFem p;n] aRrf NofO{lbof] / eGof] ;S5f} ldn]/ a; g;s] 5f8]/ hfp < s] lyof] / d]/f] ljsNk . s]lx ;do d p;s} cfzdf 8]/fdf al;/x]+ . p;n] dfof t w]/} u/]g t/ klg c;xof]u u/]g . p;sf] dfof afFl8;lsPsf] lyof] . Ps lbg ?b} p;sf] 3fF6Ldf ;dfP/ ;f]w+] . dfg{ t dflb{g lyPF t/ klg p;nfO{ 8/ nfu]5 . ;a} s'/f eGof] . d slGe; ePF / p;nfO{ dfkm ul/lbPF . ;S5f} ltdL dnfO{ >Ldfgsf] bhfd{f /fv/] a; . g;s] ltdf|] ljsNk /fh] . dfOt{L cfPF . aa'f cfdfnfO{ ;a} s/'f eg+] . pxfxF?n] d/]f] efUonfO{ bfi]f lbg' eof] . p;nfO{ Tof] s6]Ln] dfofn] xfO]g nfe]n] km;fPsL /lx5 . c? s6]fx?sf] ue{ cfPkl5 p;nfO{ Pp6f s6]f bv ] fpg' kg]{ /x5] . d/]f] ;fe]mf] >LdfgnfO{ kn|fe]g lbP/ sf7]fdf nlu5 . lrgs ] f] cfwf/df sf7]fdf k¥'ofP/ cfkmn}fO{ hah{l:t ug{ elg5 . sl]x ;do kl5 p;n] k6]sf] aRrf t/]f] ePsfn] 5fl8;\ eg] dflbG{5' egs ] fn] ljjfx u5'{ egs ] f] /x5] . :jfyd{f d/]f] hLjg nl'6Psf] lyof] . p efUg ;Sbg} lyof] . a? d cfkm} efu/] dfOt{L al;/x+] .

d]if

j[if

ldy'g

ss{6

!% ut] dxfjL/ hoGtL, !& ut] k"l0f{df a|t, !* ut] ljZj d'v{ lbj; .

!%–@) ut];Dd cWoog cWofkgdf ?rL a9\g], z/L/df lg/f]lutf, ld7fld7f k|]djftf{ nfe ldNgfn] dgdf pT;fx 5fpnf eg] clGtd lbg ;fy k|lts"n /xFbf em'6f cf/f]k cfpg'sf] ;fy} vr{ j[l4 xf]nf . ;ftfsf] ;'?sf] b'O{ lbg ;do l7s g/xFbf cfkmGt;Fu j}/efj j[l4, k]6df ljsf/ a9\nf eg] afFsLsf lbgdf eg] kl/jf/af6 ;'v k|flKt, zq' gfz ug{] Ifdtf j[l4, Jofkf/ Joj;foaf6 nfe ldNg'sf ;fy} jfxg ;'v ldNnf . !%–!^ ut] ;Dd ;fx;sf] ;fy} w}o{tf j[l4 xf]nf, !&–!* ut] 3/sf] lrGtfn] ;tfpg'sf] ;fy} hnsf] eo /x]sf] x'Fbf Vofn k'¥ofpg'xf]nf eg] afFsLsf] lbgdf nfdf] ofqfsf] of]u ;Fu} /f]uaf6 d'lQm ldNnf . !%–!* ut];Dd ;do tkfO{sf] kIfdf x'Fbf cfsl:ds wgnfe, c8\s]sf] sfo{ ;xh} ;kmn x'g'sf] ;fy} ldqaf6 ;'v ldNnf, !(–@) ut];Dd lgb|fdf s]xL c;'ljwf xf]nf eg] clGtd lbg ;Gtfgaf6 ;'v k|flKt xf]nf .

l;+x

sGof

t'nf

j[lZrs

!%–@) ut];Dd pkxf/ cflb j:t' ldNgfn] dgdf k|zGgtf, af]nLsf] k|efj a9\gfn] sfo{df ;kmntfsf ;fy} bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt xf]nf eg] clGtd lbg eg] b':jKg bz{g x'g'sf] ;fy} k]6df ;d:of cfOknf{ . !% / !^ ut] ;do s]xL l7s gx'Fbf rf]6k6ssf] eo ;Fu} dgdf lvGgtf af]w xf]nf eg] afFsLsf lbg dfg ;Ddfg k|flKt, ldqsf] ;xof]u ldNg], ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4sf] ;fy} dg k|zGg /xnf . ;ftfsf] dWo !&–!* ut] v/fa ;do rn]sf] x'Fbf zq' j[l4sf ;fy} ckdfg x'g] of]u 5 eg] afFsLsf lbgdf a}+s Jofn]G; j[l4, z/L/df ;'v k|flKtsf] ;fy} cfsl:ds wg k|flKt xf]nf . !%–!* ut];Dd sfo{df ;kmntf, lktfsf] ;xof]u k|flKtsf ;fy} cfo cfh{gsf] af6f] j[l4 xf]nf, !( / @) ut] eg] dgdf lvGgtf a9\nf, wg cToflws vr{ xf]nf clGtd lbg eg] dg k|zGg /xnf .

wg'

ds/

s'De

dLg

!%–@) ut];Dd efUof]bosf] ;do /xFbf gofF sfo{sf] pb\3f6gdf ;kmntf ldNnf, k"/} /fHoaf6 klg ;'v nfe ldNg'sf] ;fy} pkxf/ cflb j:t' nfe xf]nf eg] clGtd lbg rf]6k6ssf] eo /x]sf] 5 .

;ftfsf] ;'?sf] b'O{ lbg dfgl;s lrGtf xf]nf eg] afFsLsf lbg z'e g} /x]sf] x'Fbf gljg sfo{df ;xeflutf, hflu/df ;Ddfg k|flKt, cfo j[l4 x'gfn] dgdf v'zL 5fpnf . !% / !^ ut] ld7fld7f k|]djftf{ nfe ;Fu} ljk/Lt ln·Laf6 ;'v k|flKt ldNnf, !&–!* ut] em'6f cf/f]ksf ;fy} vr{ j[l4 xf]nf eg] afFsLsf] lbgdf u'?hgsf] ljz]if s[kf ldNgfn] dg zfGt /xnf . !%–!* ut] ;Dd zq' ldqdf kl/0ft xf]nfg\ Jofkf/ Joj;foaf6 nfe, cfo j[l4 xf]nf, !(–@) ut] /f]u ;Fu zq' klg a9\nfg\ eg] clGtd lbg rflxF /fd|f] sfdsf] nflu ;do vr{ xf]nf .

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

;rt] a]F;L n]s u/]/ bf}l8sg pm tL bfp/f NofpFyL . d]nf kft ;a} ;s]/ 3/sf] wGbf cem} EofpFyL . r]nL xf] 3/sL lyO{ dvdnL s}No} laemfpGgyL. eGy] ¿kjtL lbP/ pkdf /fd|L 5 eGy] ;vL . cfof] Ps oj'f crfgs ToxfF dfof knfof] eGof] . s]xL /ft laTof] a:of] /x/n] af]n/] ;fyL aGof] . afcfdf ;asf] lhTof] dg p;} 7"nf] agfof] lbn . nfg] eG5 c/] s7} gogdf kfgL eP l6lNkn . . kSsf HjfOF x'g] eof] ca l76f] r]nL a'xf/L eO{ . hUus ] L bn'xL agL dvdnL l;Gb/" nfO{ uO.{ . kfnfnF}f ;v ' n] ljxf/ klg Tof] 56'b\g} eGb} nUof] . dL7f zAb lyP eljio p;sf] vf]nf ;';fof] aUof] . .

6f9f bz ] nUof] 3d'] ?dlnP kfV]b} hjfgLx¿ . kmsg{]g\ klt g} lgs} lbg eof] eG5] stf s] u¿ .F cfof] dflns g} s/'f ;a ae'mL /fO]{ s/fO{ a/f . ;f6\of] /] ?lkofF lnP/ p;n] nf} efl;of] x} w/ f.. hf]8L xft b'a} n'5] r'lF 8lbP r'N7f] g/fvL bof . gf}nf dflg; tL eP cem gofF efiff ToxfFsf] gofF . . cfO{ wGg h;ft];f] ;8sdf bv]] ;an}] x/] . ef] Hofb} ze' cfh Ps xn' hf] gk]fn hfbF} 5 /] . . al]rG5g\\ o;/L cdN"o ;g'sf nfvfF} ;g'fn}f r/L . cfFvfn] s;/L arfpg' x/] oL dfntL d~h/L . . xf}F cfkmGt egfpbf gh/n] nfG5\g\ kmsfP/ g} . cfkm} aGg' ;r]t dflg;x¿ r]nL g/f]pg\ ;w}+ . .

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