issue_50

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

If]qLo :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

ljhof bzdL @)&% sf] kfjg cj;/df xfd|f ;d:t lj1fkgbftf, u|fxsju{, kf7sju{ Pj+ ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL bfh'efO{ lbbLalxgLx?df pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

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rf8kj{ ;/'lIft, lgu/fgL lta| ;fbf kf]zfsdf k|x/L, ( ah] kl5 dlb/f aGb nId0f ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n

k|zf;gn] lhNnfaf;Lx?sf] rf8kj{ tyf b}lgs hLjg ;xh agfpg zflGtk'0f{ jftfj/0f agfpg ljz]if of]hgf tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog z'? u/]sf] 5 . k|dv ' lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0faxfb'/ /fpt, k|x/L k|dv ' P;kL /lj/fh v8\sf, g]kfnL ;]gfsf u0fklt ;'jf; v8\sf, /fli6«o cg';Gwfg sfof{nosf k|dv ' l8P:kL xl/s[i0f >]i7 nufot lhNnfsf] ;'/Iff ;ldltn] ;d]t gful/sx?sf] ;'/Iff tyf rf8kj{df x'g ;Sg] ;Defljt 36gfx? /f]Sg] ljz]if of]hgf tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf x'g\ . o;sf] cnfjf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]n] dftxtsf ;a} rf}sLx?, k|x/L hjfg tyf k|x/Lsf cGo o'lg6x?n] ckgfpg' kg{] ;r]tgf tyf tof/Lsf af/]df lgb{]zg lbO{;s]sf] k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] atfP . lhNnfsf] b'O{ d'Vo /fhdfu{

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c/lgsf] / ljkL tyf ;xfos dfu{x?df ;jf/L b'3{6gf, Ifdtf eGbf a9L nf]8 af]Sg] pk/ sf/jfxL, lelecfO{ / lecfO{kLx?sf] cfudg dfu{, d'sfd :yn ;'/Iff, ca}w rf]/L k}7f/L nufot lhNnfsf k|dv ' zx/, cfly{s sf/f]jf/ x'g] a}s ljlQo ;+3 ;+:yf, ;/sf/L sfof{nox?sf] ;'/Iff, Aofkf/Ls s]Gb|, a;kfs{, l6s6 sfp06/, wfld{s d]nf kj{x? nfUg] :yfkg, ;lkË dn tyf ;'k/ dfs{]6 h:tf dxTjk"0f{ :yfgx?df x'g ;Sg] rf]/L n'6kf6, 8s}tL, t:s/L, sfnf]ahf/L nufot cGo 36gf x'g glbg lhNnf Plss[t ;'/Iff of]hgf @)&% nfu' ul/Psf] k|dv ' lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0faxfb''/ /fptn] hfgsf/L lbP . dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg / n+u'/a'hf{ tyf h'jf tf; lgoGq0f, vfB kbfy{ tyf cf}ifwLx?sf] d'No a[l4 /f]Sg 58\s] hfFr z'? ul/Psf] 5 . ;jf/L ;fwgsf] r]lsËdf s8fO{, ofq';Fu w]/} ef8f lng] ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ sf/jfxL, ahf/ cg'udg ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

u'08fubL{ ug{]x? lj?4 ck|];g ug{], b}lgs lks]6, k}bn tyf u|fld0f al:tdf k]6f« l] nË / uf8L df]jfO{nsf ;fy} ;fbf kf]zfsdf k|x/L kl/rfng ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . cft;afhL, k6sf, e'Or { Dkf h:tf lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ k|of]udf k'0f{t /f]s nufO{Psf] 5 . h'jftf; v]Ng] / v]nfpg] b'a}sf] klxrfgsf nflu k|x/L kl/rfng ul/Psf] 5 . ca}w dlb/f pTkfbg tyf ljqmL ljt/0f lgoGq0f ug{ /flt ( ah] leq ;a} k;nx? aGb ug{] lg0f{o ul/Psf] 5 .

Aoj;foL;“u cGt{lqmof

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] lhNnfdf ;+ r fngdf /x] s f oftfoft Aoj;foLx?;Fu cGt{lqmof u/L bz}+ tyf ltxf/sf] ;dodf ;jf/L ;fwgsf] ;xhtf, b'3{6gf Go"lgs/0f, ofq'x?sf] ;'ljwfsf nflu of]hgf agfPsf 5g\ . c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ tyf ljkL /fhdfu{ / cf;kf; x'bF } u|fld0f e]u rNg] sfe|] tyf cGo lhNnfdf hfg] ofq'x?sf] ;'/Iff / ;xhtfsf nflu oftfoft Aoj;foLx?n] lgoldt eGbf

a; ;]jf yk ug{' kg{,] ofq' af]Sg] ;jf/L ;fwgdf ;fdfg af]Sg gkfO{g,] 5tdf ofq' /fVg gkfO{g,] ef8f tf]lsPsf] b/ eGbf w]/} lng gkfO{g] nufotsf ljifodf Aoj;foLx?sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf lyP . k|lhc s[i0faxfb'/ /fpt, k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sf, l8P:kL lbks lu/L, k|x/L lgl/Ifs lg/~hg e§/fO{, lgldQ 6«flkms k|x/L k|d'v ;O{ /fh]z bfxfn, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf nufotn] ofq'x?sf] ;d:of / ;xhtfsf af/]df Aoj;foLx?sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf lyP .

Aoj;foLx? lxdfn t/fOs { f cWoIf cfTd/fd yfkf, c/lgsf] oftfoft ;j]f ;ldltsf cWoIf Zofdaxfb/' nfdf, gk]fn pBfu] afl0fHo ;3 + sf sl]Gbo| ;b:o ;/'si[0f aB}, xn]Da' oftfoft ;j]f ;ldltsf sfofn{o kd|v ' ldng >i]7, sfe]| a;sf /fhg efn,' afUdtL l6k«/sf sfofn{o kd|v ' ks | fz sfoZy, oftfoft ;ldltsf dhb/'x? tyf ljleGg Ifq]sf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] lyof] . ;ldltx?n] clud| l6s6 al'sË ul/;ss ] f,] a; ;j]f lgoldt eGbf w/]} ;rfng ug]{ afs F L @ kh ] df

aRrfnfO{ lzIfssf] sfv a]yfGrf]s÷ljBfnodf k9fpg] lzIfsn] unt lgotsf ;fy aflnsfx?nfO{ sfvdf lnb} cdfgjLo tl/sfn] ha{hl:t s/0fL u/] kl5 ljBfyL{ / cleefjs ph'/L af]s]/ k|x/Lsf]df k'u]sf 5g\ . …cK;gn cu+h]|L k9fpg] lzIfs zs + / kx/L ;/n] d / d/]f] ;fyLnfO{ ljBfno xftf leq ;w} h;f] sIff sf7]fdf c? ;fyLx?nfO{ sIffsf7]fsf] ux[sfo{ ug{ nufO{ d / ;fyL a;s ] f] clGtd a~]rdf cfO{ sfvdf /fvL 5ftL / ;?'jfn leq xft k7fO{ cfn}f ofg]Ldf k;fpbF} cfPsf lyP . c;fh] * ut] / !) ut] ba'} lbg kx/L ;/n] lk;fa kmg]]{ 7fpdFf sIff sf7]fdf sfl]x gePsf] dfs } f 5fk]L ;/sf] lk;fa kmg]]{ 3;'fpg' ePsf] lyof] . lzIfs kx/L ltdL slt /fdL| 5f} eGb} ;w} ufnf afs F L @ kh ] df

cfufdL e]6 sflt{s * ut]

g]skfsf] lhNnf sfof{no ;+rfngdf ag]kf÷lhNnf g]t[Tj 6'lËg ;do nfu]kl5 g]skf sfe|]n] b'a} kf6L{sf kbflwsf/Lx? /xg] u/L lhNnf tyf tNnf sld6Lx? rnfodfg agfpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . lxhf] a'waf/ lhNnf sfof{nosf] af]8{ /fv]/ a}BfgLs ?kdf z'? ePsf] 5 . lhNnf sld6L sfe|s ] f] sfof{nosf g]skf :yfoL sld6L ;b:o P+jd k|bz ] g+= # OGrf{h ci6nIdL zfSosf] k|dv ' cfltYotf tyf ;x OGrf{h lxt a= tfdfª, #= g+= k|bz ] sf

cWoIf gf/fo0f bfxfnsf] cWoIftfdf a}7s a;]sf] lyof] . a}7ssf] ;+rfng #= g+= k|b]z ;lrj cfgGb k|;fb kf]v/]nn] u/]sf lyP . a}7sn] g]skfsf] lhNnf sfof{no k'j{ -Pdfn]_ sf] lhNnf sfof{no ag]kf sfe|]af6 ;+rfng ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo :t/sf kf6L{ sfof{nox? :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug{ lgb]{zg lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] sfof{no ;lrj a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{n] hfgsf/L lbP . sfof{no lgoldt ;+rfng ug{sf nflu sfof{no ;lrjdf a';G' w/f afFsL @ k]hdf

b/sf] ljkb\df @) nfv kfFrvfn÷efb| @@ ut] z'qmaf/ kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf cGt{ut j8f gDj/ !@ l:yt sf:sf]6]df cfof]hgf ul/Psf] tLh ljz]if b/ sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ePsfx?sf] pkrf/df lgMz'Ns afx]ssf] @) nfv ?k}ofF eGbf w]/} vr{ ePsf] ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . c:ktfndf pkrf/ u/fPsf lj/fdLx?sf] vr{ ;/sf/n] Aoxf]g{] 3f]if0ff cg';f/ kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfn] ljleGg c:ktfndf ePsf] vr{ ljj/0fsf] ;"rL lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no

x'Fb} dGqfno k'¥ofpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]nfk|;fb rfkfufO{sf cg';f/ u|fld0f ax'pb]lZoo ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] tLh ljz]if b/ sfo{qmddf ljiffQm kfgLsf sf/0f $ ;o %& hgf lj/fdL ePsf lyP . lj/fdL ePsfx?sf] pkrf/sf nflu lhNnf / lhNnf eGbf aflx/sf c:ktfndf lj/fdLx?nfO{ l/km/ ul/Psf] lyof] . w'lnv]n c:ktfndf ;a} eGbf w]/} ! ;o *% hgfn] pkrf/ ;]jf k|fKt u/] . h;df & nfv ( xhf/ #$ ?k}of vr{ ePsf] 5 . To:t} afFsL @ k]hdf

lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;ldlt s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, ag]kf, sfe|]sf] clkn o; lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;ldltsf gfddf ljut s]xL lbgb]lv ljleGg kqklqsf tyf cgnfO{g ldl8ofx?df ef8f b/sf ;DaGwdf gs/fTds e|dx? kmnfOPsf] ;DaGwdf uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] 5 . o; ;ldltn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ldlt @)&%.^.& ut]sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd ef8f sfod ul/Psf] ;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efjx? tyf ofq' ju{x?df hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . olb g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd eGbf a9L ef8f c;'n u/]df ;DalGwt lgsfo jf k|zf;gdf va/ u/L ;xof]u ul/lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . cGoyf o; lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;ldlt k|lt gsf/fTds xNnf glkmhfpg / xNnfsf] k5fl8 gnfUg xflb{s clkn ub{5f}+ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] ldlt @)&%.^.& ut]af6 nfu" ul/Psf] ef8fb/ lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

@

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = =

bz}+ bzf gagf];\ lxhf] 36:yfkgfaf6 z'? lxGb'x?sf] dxfg\ rf8 ljhof bzdLsf] v'zLofnL dgfpg b]z tyf ljb]zaf6 klg cfkmGtx? kms{g] qmd z'? ePsf] 5. jif{e/L 3/ aflx/ /x]sf g]kfnLx? klg lxGb' ;+:sf/ cg';f/sf] bz}+ dgfpg 3/ kms{g] rng 5. 3/ ;/;kmfO{ ug{] b]lv gofF sk8f nufpg], ld7f] vfg] g]kfnLx?sf] dxfg rf8 bz}+df x'Fbf / 5Fbf eGbf klg h;/L klg bz}+nfO{ hf]xf] u/]/ /dfO{nf] ug{} kg{] bz}+sf ?kdf lnO{G5. klxn] klxn]sf] t'ngfdf bz}+ w]/} cfjZostf eGbf klg b]vfj6Lsf ?kdf dgfpg yflnPsf] 5. cefj eP klg cfkm\gf] uR5] cg';f/sf] Aoj:yfkg u/]/ bz}+ dgfpg] rngdf kl5Nnf] ;do km]/abn cfPsf] 5. bz}+n] x/]s g]kfnLx?sf] 3/df v'zL, ;'v / ;Dj[l4 Nofpg' k5{. km];gsf ?kdf dgfpg yflnPsf rf8jf8x?n] NofPsf] ;+s6 jf ljkb\\ bz}+df gcfcf];\. ;dod} ;a}n] bz+} dgfpFbf To:tf ljifodf Vofn k'¥ofpg' h?/L 5. lxGb' k/Dk/f cg';f/ /flvPsf] hd/f bzdLsf] lbg ljz]if k"hf ;lxt nufpg] rng 5 . nf]stGq k|flKt kl5 v'zL / pNnf;n] dgfpFb} cfPsf bz+}x? h:tf];'s} ;+s6df klg pNnf;do aGb} uPsf] 5. rfx] ;z:q åGåsf ;dodf /fHo kIf jf ljb|f]xL kIfsf] 8/ lsg gxf];\, l5d]sL b]z ef/tn] nufPsf] gfsfaGbL g} lsg gxf];\ g]kfnLx?n] s]lx kjf{x gu/L bz}+nfO{ pNnf;do agfpg] u/]sf 5g\. :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg, ut d+;L/df ;DkGg k|b]z / s]Gb|sf] lgjf{rg kl5 ag]sf] ;/sf/ / d'n'sn] k|fKt u/]sf] :yfoL ;/sf/ k|lt g]kfnLx?sf] cfzf / e/f];f XjfQ} a9]sf] 5. ljleGg :yfgdf ePsf s]lx 36gfx?, ;/sf/n] ljuts} h:tf] sfo{z}nL ePsf sd{rf/Lx?;Fu lng] sfd / Aoj:yfkgnfO{ cem} ;'wfg{' h?/L 5. x6\of] ;f/f lxnf] d}nf] x/fof] kfgLsf] jiff{ eGg] g]kfnL pvfg of] jif{ d]n vfg yfn]sf] 5. u|fdL0f e]udf kfgLs} sf/0f ;jf/L ;fwg lgjf{w rNg ;s]sf lyPgg\. vfgLvf]nf, dxfef/t tyf sf]lzkf/Lsf b'O{ ufpFkflnsfx?n] klg bz}+sf nflu af6f] dd{t / ;/;kmfO{ ul/;s]sf 5g\. w]/} e'sDk kLl8tx?n] /fHoaf6 lnPsf] cg'bfgdf C0f ;d]t u/L 3/ lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . bz}+ b]lv gofF n'uf;Fu} gofF 3/df a:g] ;kgf of] bz}+n] h'/fPsf] 5 e'sDk kLl8tx?sf nflu. e'sDksf] kLl8t eP/ klg cg'bfg k|fKt ug{} g;s]sf kLl8tx?n] klg u'gf;f] dfkm{t k'gM ;Daf]wg ug{] u/L :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ lhDd]jf/L k|bfg ul/Psf] 5. :yfgLo ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf gful/sx? kLl8t agfO{ /xg ;Sg] cj:yf x'Fb}g. To:tf] cj:yfdf plgx?sf] efjgf ;d]t ;d]6\b} bz}+nfO{ v'zL / pNnf;do agfpg :yfgLo ;/sf/x?n] ;d]t e"ldsf v]Ng' h?/L 5. zflGt, ;'/Iff, ljsf; lgdf{0fdf lta|tf, e|i6frf/ / l9nf;'l:tsf] cGTo clxn]sf] k|d'v cfjZostf xf]. bz}+nfO{ ljs[lt / lj;+ult x6fpFb} cfkmGt, gftfuf]tf / Oi6ldq e]6\g] rf8sf ?kdf lng' kb{5. ;+:s[lt hf]ufpg] gfddf clt ug{] / ;'wfg{] gfddf k/Dk/f lj;{g] s'/f x'g ;Sb}g. Ifdtf cg';f/sf] bz}+ dgfpg v;L lsGg} kg{] < gofF sk8f nufpg} kg{] < tf; h'jf v]Ng} kg{] eGg] 5}g. h] 5, h:tf] cj:yfdf 5 To;nfO{ g} kj{sf ?kdf dgfpg dg b]lv g} v'zLofnL x'g' h?/L 5. bz}+ z'e /xf];\. gjb'uf{ ejfgLn] g]kfnLx? ;a}sf] sNof0f u?g\. ljhof bzdLsf] ;Dk"0f{df xflb{s z'esfdgf AoQm ub{5f}+.

;"rgf

g]kfn ;/sf/ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno ;"rgf tyf k|;f/0f ljefu

;'grfFbLsf] ;fKtflxs ahf/ efp ;'g k|lt !) u|f= ;'g k|lt tf]nf rfFbL k|lt !) u|f= rfFbL k|lt tf]nf

ldlt

M ;|f]t

50500/50500/50500/50755/50585/50500/50585/-

58903/58903/58903/59200/59002/58903/59002/-

639/639/639/643/634/50 634/50 634/50

b]zsf la;+utLsf s'/f ;fgf] d'vn] 7'nf s'/f ug{ x'Fb}g eG5g\ . x'g t oxfF af]n]/ s] kf] g} x'G5 / v} Û To;}n] gaf]lnsg of] d'vnfO{ l;nfP/ /fVg dg nfU5 . cflv/ d'v af]Ngsf] nfuL dfq x}g lg Û vfgsf] nfuL klg xf] . xfdL vfP/ g} afFr]sf x'G5f} . afFRg' g} k/] kl5 ;fdflhs bfloTj b]z kl/j]zsf] s'/f ug} k¥of] . af]Ng] af]ln/x]sf 5g\ . rNg] rln/x]sf 5g\ . lsg xfdL dfG5]x¿ :jfyL{ aGb} uO{ /fv]sf 5f} < b]z xfFSg] g]tfx¿ b]vL ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfx¿df klg g}lts cfr/0f, ljZj;gLotf / lhDd]jf/L b]lvFb}g . ;dfhsf la;+utL af/] n]v]/ xfd|f] b]zsf] /fhgLlts w/ftn ablng] slxn] < b]znfO{ dfof ug]{ /fi6« k|d] sf] efjgf x/fPsf] 5 . xfdL cfˆgf s'/fx¿ /fv]/ n]v k|sflzt ub{5f} . s;n] k9\5g\ < s:tf] k|ltlqmof lbG5g\ . yfxf x'Fb}g .

Jofkf/Lx¿sf] nfuL klqsf ;fdfg kf]sf kfg]{ sfuh xf] . xfdLx? klg Jofkf/L ePsf 5f}+ . ;dfh kl/j]zaf6 6fl9P/ cfˆgf] kmfObfsf] nflu h] klg ug]{ ePsf 5g\ . cfˆgf] kmfObf ePdf ;a} hftL cfkm"nfO{ cg's"n gk/] ;a} ghftL Û o;/L xfd|f] ;dfh lans'n cwf]utLdf pGd'v ePsf] 5 . cfhsn ;dfh b]vfj6L b'lgofFdf rn]sf] 5 . ;dfh ;]jf b]vL ljsf;sf] sfddf ;d]t b]vfpgsf] nfuL ePsf] 5 . kmf]6f] ;];g / kqsf/x¿nfO{ af]nfP/ sfo{qmd ug]{ rng rn]sf] 5 . ;a}nfO{ rrf{ kl/rrf{ s} lrGtf 5 . af]Ng] sf] lk7f] laSg] gaf]Ng]sf] rfdn klg glaSg] Û oxfF af]njfnfx¿ s} x}sd rn]sf] 5 . xfdL cfˆg} 3/ leqsf] ;d:ofnfO{ dfq ;d:of b]V5f} . b]z lau|s ] f]df g]tfx¿nfO{ ufnL u/]/ kfgL dflysf] cf]efgf] vf]H5f} . of] b]zdf cfd dflg;x¿ ;Gt'li6 / v';L x'g] slxn] < xfdL cfkm"n] csf]{ nfO{ v';L b]V5f} . ;a}sf cf cfˆg} ;d:of / j]bgfx¿ x'G5g\ . b'Mv e'n/] ;xh jftfj/0f lhpg] dfxf}n x'g' kb{5 . w]/} k};f x'gx] ¿n] klg v';L lsGg ;Sb}gg\ . ul/a b'MvLx¿ cfgGb lnP/ afFrs ] f] x'G5g\ . xfdL g]kfnLx¿ :ju{ h:tf] b]z eGb} ljb]z lt/ knfPg x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . 3/ kl/jf/ rnfP/ a:g] dlxnfx¿ ;d]t ljb]z hfg] nx8 rn]sf] 5 . b]z s'g cj:yfdf rn]sf] 5 < s[lif k|wfg b]zn] wfg rfdn ;d]t cfoft ug]{ ePsf] 5 . ;a} j:t'x¿df k/ lge{/ eP/ /]ld6\ofG;n] b]z wfGg] xf] sL Û

cfhsf] ljrf/ hob]z >]i7 of ljb]zL /fi6« u'xf/]/ lev dfu]/ /fHo Joj:yf rnfpg] xf] . xfdL :jfledfg g]kfnLx¿sf] cfGbf]ngsf] k|ltkmnn] b]znfO{ o:tf] cj:yfdf k'¥ofpF5 eg]/ ;f]rs ] f lyPgf} . b'Mvsf] s'/f cfh b]zsf xf]gxf/ o'jfau{, a'l4hLjL ju{, esfes lab]lzPsf 5g\ . b]zdf s]xL u/f}F eGg] lrGtgzLn JolQmTj ,sfd u/L vfg] pBf]u Joj;foLx¿ of] b]zdf ca s]xL x'g ;Sb}g eg]/ cfˆgf kl/jf/ cfkmGtx¿ lab]l;osf ;Fu ukm ub}{ ljb]zsf] af/]df rf;f] /fVg] ePsf 5g\ . ha;Dd b]zdf l:y/ ;/sf/n] ult lng ;Sb}g ta ;Dd b]z cuf8L a9\g ;Sb}g . yf]qf] uf8L r9]/ b]znfO{ l;ufk'/ k'¥ofpg] yf]qf cfZjf;gdf xfdL hgtfx¿ ?dln/x]sf 5f} . h'g hf]uL cfP klg sfg} lr/]sf Û b]z xfFSg] g]tf b]vL Joj:yf km]g{] cfGbf]ng u¥of{} . k~rfot b]vL nf]stGq hgtGq b]vL u0ftGq ;Dd cfO{ k'Uof} . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf /fhf kmfn]/ cfh l;+xb/af/ leq ;of}F dxf/fhfx¿ kfnL a;]sf 5f} . r'gfj kl5sf] Psdgf ;/sf/n] hgtfx¿sf] OR5f cfsf+Iff dgf]sfdgf k'/f ug]5 { eg]/ ef]6 lbPsf lyof} . r'gfj cuf8L s]kL cf]nLn] af]ns ] f s'/f a[4 eQf a9fP/ kfFr kfFr xhf/ gd:sf/ ub}{ a'4x¿nfO{ xft xftdf 3/ 3/ k'u/] lbg]5f} Û /]n s'bfpg] s'/f, efG5fdf UofF; k'¥ofpg] s'/f sxfF k'Uof] < tL afrfx? Û /fhgLltdf

rf8kj{==================== of]hgf agfPsf] atfpFb} ofq'x?sf] ;xhtfsf nflu ljz]if of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{] atfP . u|fld0f e]udf w]/} a; ;]jf cfjZos eP klg ;8ssf sf/0f ;a} a;x? ;+rfngdf sl7gfO{ x'g] atfP . c/lgsf] a;n] ^ ;o a; ;+rfng ug{] ePsf] 5 eg] lxdfn t/fO{n] cf]vn9'u+ f;Dd ;of} a;x? ;+rfng ug{] atfPsf] 5 . sfe|] ldlga; ;]jf ;ldlt, sfe|] a; nufotsf 5f]6f] b'/Lsf a;x?n] eg] lgoldt ;]jfdf yk ug{] atfPsf lyP . ofq'x?sf] ;'/Iff / ;xhtfsf nflu k|x/Ln] @$ ;} 306f ;'/Iff k|bfg ug{,] @$ ut] b]lv #! ut];Dd ?6 k/ld6 clgjfo{ gx'g,] tf]lsPsf] eGbf w]/} ofq' af]Sg gkfO{g] nufotsf ljifodf k|x/Ln] Aoj;foLx?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .

af/]df ;f]Rbf x'g ef]ln rfF8} p7]/ km]/L cfˆgf] bfloTjsf] lhDd]jf/L af]Sg' 5 . c:tJo:t b]znfO{ ;dfNg' 5 . oxfF sfd ug]s { f] avfg 5}g . sfd laufg]n{ fO{ b08 5}g . cfˆgf] / cfˆg} kIfsf] jsfnt ub}{ lxFl8g] ;dfhn] JolQm, g]tf / kf6L{ clg Joj:yfsf] s'/f a'‰g ;ls/x]sf 5}gf} . s'g s'/f s;/L kTofpg] xf] . wldnf] kfgL leqsf] /fhgLlt / kqsfl/tf ePsf] 5 . cfd dflg;x¿ km];a'sdf cf–cfˆg} z}nLdf b]z / /fhgLlts ;fdflhs cGo ljifodf dg nfUbf] s'/fx¿ kf]i6 ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . ;To / c;To s'/fx¿ klg 5'§o\ fpg ufx|f] ePsf] 5 . lgd{nf xTof sf08df cfˆg} lrghfgsf] dfG5] zÍfsf] 3]/fsf] /x]sf]df ck/fwL arfpg /x:odo dfgl;s c;Gt'ng JolQmnfO{ k|x/Laf6 ck/fwL eg]/ 3f]if0ff ub{5 . oxfF dlxnfsdL{x¿ anfTsf/LnfO{ d'To' b08sf] dfu ul//x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf d[To' b08sf] sfg'g ag]df lgd{nfsf] o; 36gfn] ef]ln

cfhsn ;dfh b]vfj6L b'lgofFdf rn]sf] 5 . ;dfh ;]jf b]vL ljsf;sf] sfddf ;d]t b]vfpgsf] nfuL ePsf] 5 . kmf]6f] ;];g / kqsf/x¿nfO{ af]nfP/ sfo{qmd ug]{ rng rn]sf] 5 . ;a}nfO{ rrf{ kl/rrf{ s} lrGtf 5 . af]Ng] sf] lk7f] laSg] gaf]Ng]sf] rfdn klg glaSg] Û oxfF af]njfnfx¿ s} x}sd rn]sf] 5 . g]tfx¿sf] gf/f r'gfj lhTg] e¥ofª x'g ls Û vf]h] h:tf] x'Gg hLjg, /f]h] h:tf] x'Gg hLjg Û cfh w]/} g]kfnLx¿ b]zsf] cj:yfaf6 lg/fz ePsf 5g\ . cfˆgf] ef]6sf] clwsf/n] s:tf] JolQm r'Gg] < /fd|fn] fO{ ef]6 lbg] ls xfd|fn] fO{ < h'g hf]uL cfP klg r'gfj lht] kl5 ;a} p:t} x'g] xf] < of hgtfsf] ;f]r kf] o:tf] ePsf] xf] . lsg r'gfj lht] kl5 g]tfx¿n] ;f]r] / vf]h] h:tf] sfd ug{ ;Sb}gg\ < g]tfx¿df klg ;d:ofsf 7'nf kf]sfx¿ x'g ;S5g\ . cfˆg} tna eQfx¿ hglxt sfddf ;'lDklbg] ;ef;b\ b]vL j8f cWoIfx¿ ;d]t 5g\ . cfh xfdLn] pgLx¿sf] rrf{ ug{ ;s]sf 5}gf} . k|wfg dGqL s] kL cf]nLn] af]6nsf] kG„ xhf/sf] kfgL lkp5g\ eG5g\ . ;To xf] of c;To Û d[uf}nf km]l/Psf] JolQmn] s;/L b]zsf] nfuL ;do lbPsf] 5 ;f]Rb}gf} . cfˆgf] hLjg s;/L rnfO{ /x]sf] 5 < bL3{ /f]uL eP/ cfwf /ftdf ;'t/] hgtfx¿ s}

s:tf] ¿k wf/0f ug]{5 < cfh} ;f]Rg' kg]{ ePsf] 5 . hxfF ;To / c;Tosf] lje]b v'Nb}g ToxfF lgikIf Gofo x'g} ;Sb}g . hxfF Gofosf] nfuL n8\g' kg]{ x'G5 . ToxfF ljsf; ;d[l4sf] s'/f bGTo syf h:t} x'G5 . xfdLn] cfkm}n] ef]6 lbP/ lhtfPsf g]tfx¿nfO{ lrGg ;lsPg . pgLx¿sf] dgf]efjgf a'‰g ;lsPg . cfh g]tfx¿n] af]n]sf afrfx¿ k'/f u/]gg\ eg]/ lj/f]w ul//x]sf 5f} . lsg xfdLn] cfˆgf] 7fpF cfkm} agfpm eGg] ;f]rnfO{ ljsf; ug{ ;lsPg . /fHon] ljsf;sf] gfddf htftt} 5'§\ofPsf] /sdn] cfwf sfd klg k'/f x'Fb}gg\ . ;/sf/L k};fsf] a|Dxn'6 eO/x]sf] 5 . ljsf;sf] cfZjf;gdf g]tfx¿n] /fh hdfPsf] b]zdf ul/a lgd'vf hgtfx¿df pRr dgf]dfgL s/sf] bfo/fn] ubf{ hgtfx¿ lg/fz ePsf 5g\ . /fHo sf]ifn] p7fPsf] /fh:jsf] ;xL pkof]u ePg eg] hgtfn] lt/]sf] s/ /fHosf] nflu ef/L x'g5 ] . ag]kf

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2075/6/18 2075/6/19 2075/6/20 2075/6/21 2075/6/22 2075/6/23 2075/6/24

jif{ @$ c+s %) @)&% c;f]h @% ut] ljxLjf/

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ag]kfsf] lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfndf (& hgfsf] pkrf/ ePsf] 5 . pkrf/ u/fPsfx?sf] % nfv &( xhf/ % ;o #@ ?k}of vr{ ePsf] 5 . kf6g Ps]8d] L ckm x]Ny ;fO{G; c:ktfndf !! hgf pkrf/sf nflu k'us ] f lyP . ! nfv ! ;o %& ?k}of pkrf/df vr{ ePsf] c:ktfnn] ljn k7fPsf] 5 . l;len c:ktfndf @ @ hgfsf] #% xhf/ vr{ ePsf] 5 . afn'jf cfp6l/r ;]G6/-w'lnv]n c:ktfndf_ #% hgfsf] pkrf/ ul/Psf] 5 . sflGt afn c:ktfndf % hgf, sf7df8f} d]l8sn sn]hdf @ hgf, lqjL lzIf0f c:ktfndf ! hgf, lj/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfndf ! hgfsf] pkrf/ eP klg ljn k|fKt gePsf] gu/kflnsfn] hgfPsf] 5 . jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfndf x8\8L ;d]t efFlrPsfn] egf{ ul/Psf] lyof] . kfFrvfn kf]lnlSnlgsdf $^ hgfsf] pkrf/ ePsf] 5 . &^ xhf/ & ;o % ?k}ofF pQm lSnlgsdf vr{ ePsf] 5 . vfgf, vfhf, kfgL lzlj/ Aoj:yfkgsf nflu #^ xhf/ * ;o (% ?k}ofF vr{ ePsf] 5 . cfsl:ds cf}ifwL vl/bdf $ nfv #% xhf/ ( ;o %) ?k}of vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|sf] PDa'nG] ; dfkm{t #) xhf/ ?k}of vr{ ePsf] 5 . @) k6s PDa'nG] ; cf]xf]/ bf]xf]/ ul/Psf] gu/kflnsfn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb| ^& hgfsf] lgMz'Ns pkrf/ ul/Psf] 5 . ag]kf xl:k6ndf egf{ ePsf % hgfsf] lgMz'Ns pkrf/ ul/Psf] 5 . ljleGg ljBfno tyf ;+3 ;+:+ yfn] ljkb\df lgz'Ns a; ;]jf tyf cGo ;]jf pknAw u/fPsf lyP . k|x/Ln] cfkm\gf ePsf ;a} ;jf/L ;fwgdf lj/fdLx?sf] cf];f/ k;f/ u/]sf] lyof] . k|f/lDes ljn cg';f/ $ ;o %& hgfsf nflu @) nfv !) xhf/ @ ;o &# ?k}ofsf] ljn k|fKt ePsf] / ( hgfsf] ljn k|fKt x'g g;s]sf] gu/kflnsfn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . &! hgfsf] pkrf/ lgMz'Ns ePsf] 5 .

aRrfnfO={=============================== ;dfpg,] sfvdf lng,] 5ftL ;dfpg,] kms | leq xft /fv/] ;j+b]glzg cu+x? rnfpg] ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . slxns ] flFx ;/sf] lk;fa kmg]]{ :yfg ;dt] ;dfpg nufpg' xG'Yof] . of] s/'f s;n}fO{ geGg,' eGof] eg] s6'5\,' lk65\' eGb} t;fp{g' xG'YofÚ]–kLl8t aflnsfx?n] kx|/Ldf aofg lbPsf 5g\ . lbglbg} anfTsf/sf 36gf al9/xs ] f ;dodf 3/ tyf ljBfnoaf6} afnaflnsfx? c;/'lIft xg' yfns ] f 5g\ . lhNnfsf] ay]f~rfs ] ufpkFflnsf j8f gDj/ $ bl]j:yfgdf /xs ] f] sflnsf dfljdf sfo/{t lzIfsn] cfkmg\} ljBfyLx{? dfyL hah{l:t s/0fL u/s ] f] ph/'L btf{ ePsf] 5 . sflnsf dflj ay]f~rfs ] $ df sfo/{t lzIfs #! alifo{ lzIfs zs + / kx/Ln] ljBfnosf 5fqfx?nfO{ ceb| Aojxf/ ub}{ hah{l:t s/0fL u/s ] f] ph/'Lsf pNnv ] ul/Psf] 5 . sIff % df cWoog/t 5fqfnfO{ c;fh] !) ut] lbp;Ff] sIff sf7]f leq} vfnL ePsf] ;dodf hah{l:tsf] ko|f; u/s ] f lyP . ljBfyLn{] pQm 36gfsf af/d]f cleefjsnfO{ eg] ;uF} pQm 36gf ;fjh{lgs ePsf] lyof] . To;cl3 lzIfs kx/Ln] ljBfnos} csL{ 5fqfnfO{ hah{l:t s/0fL g} u/s ] f] ph/'L btf{ ePsf] 5 . ljBfnodf ku's ] f] kx|/L 6fn]L;uF cGo sl]x 5fqfx?n] ;dt] lzIfs kx/Ln] Ps jif{ cl3 bl]v ;j+b]gzLn cu+x? rnfpg,] eGof] eg] ljBfnoaf6 x6fO{ lbg] wDsL lbg] ub}{ cfPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . ljBfnosf lzIfsx?nfO{ kx/Lsf] afgL hfgsf/L eP klg jj]f:tf u/s ] f sf/0f pgsf] dgfa]n a9b\} uPsf] ljBfyL{ tyf cleefjsx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . ljBfnosf cfOt{af/ ;fl]x ljifodf 5nkmn ug{ a;s ] f] a7}sdf cleefjsx?n] x:tIfk] ub}{ ljBfnosf cGo lzIfsx?nfO{ ;dt] sf/jfxLsf] dfu u/s ] f lyP . kx|/Ln] lzIfsnfO{ c;fh] !* ut] kqmfp u/L !( ut] Dofb yk u/L cg;'Gwfg z?' u/s ] f] 5 . kLl8tx?sf] tkma{f6 hfx/]L ph/'Ldf dn's ' L ck/fw -;l+xtf_ Pg] @)$& sf] kl/R5b] !* sf] bkmf @!( sf] pkbkmf !, @ s, u / # s adfl]hd sf/jfxLsf] dfu u/s ] f 5g\ . cfkmg\f ;Gtfg dfyL hah{l:t u/s ] f] hfgsf/L kfO{ ph/'L ug{ kx|/L sfofn{odf ku's ] L aflnsfsL cfdfn] lzIfs kx/LnfO{ 5/'L kx|f/ u/s ] L lyOg{\ . kx|/L ;uF} ePsfn] yk Iflt xg' kfPg .

g]skfsf]===============================

x'dfufO{ / ;xfos ;lra /fhs'df/ tfdfªnfO{ lhDd]jf/L k|bfg ug]{ lg0f{o a}7sn] u/]sf] 5 . ljhof bzdL tyf z'elbkfjnLsf] pknIodf z'esfdgf cfbg k|bfg tyf lrofkfg sfo{qmd ug]{, pQm sfo{qmd :yfgLo :t/sf sldl6x?df ;d]t ug{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 . g]skfsf] sfe]| lhNnf dftfxtsf tNnf] sldl6sf] Plss/0f ug]{ sfdnfO{ lgoldt a}7s j;L cufl8 a9fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . k'j{ g]=s=kf -Pdfn]_ / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| sf] sfe|] lhNnf leq /x]sf ;Dk'{0f ;+ul7t ;b:ox?nfO{ Plss[t u/L clen]v /fvL k|b]z / s]]Gb| df k7fpg] / k'j{ b'a} kf6L{df /x]sf] ;Dk'0f{ ;DktL tyf b:tfj]h Plss[t u/L clen]v ul/ /fVg] lg0f{o u/]sf] atfO{Psf] 5 . a}7sn] ;fljs g]skf Pdfn]sf lhNnf OGrfh{ OZj/L l/hfn, lhNnf cWoIf 6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jf, pkfWoIf czf]s Aof~h', ;lrj gf/fo0f kf08] / pk ;lrj OGb|axfb'/ tfdfª tyf Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] tkm{af6 lhNnf OGrfh{ ;'o{dfg bf]Ë, ;x OGrfh{x? t]haxfb'/ ldhf/, u+ufaxfb'/ bf]Ë, lbgfgfy uf}td / lhNnf ;+of]hs ?s' rf}nfufO{ /x]sf] b}lgs sfo{ ;+rfng ug{] clwsf/ k|fKt sld6L u7g u/]sf] 5 .

ag]kf÷O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfdf sfo{/t k|x/L lgl/Ifs ;'lgn h+u zfxsf] ljbfO{ ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnfsf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] k|x/L lgl/Ifs zfxsf] eAo ljbfO{ u/]sf 5g\ . ag]kf / lhNnfs} zflGt ;'/Iffdf zfxn] k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] :d/0f ub{} ;Ddfgsf ;fy ljbfO{ ul/Psf] lyof] . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf P;kL /lj/fh v8\sf, l8P:kL lbks lu/L, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ ef]h/fh ltdlN;gf nufotn] k|x/L lgl/Ifs zfxn] lhNnfdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ u/] . zfxn] c/lgsf] /fhdfu{

cltqmd0f x6fpg, b'3{6gfdf tTsfn k|x/L kl/rfng u/L zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{, ck/fw cg';Gwfgdf s[oflzntf b]vfpFb} ck/fwLnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lng ljz]if e"ldsf v]n]sf lyP . rf]/L lgoGq0f, ha{hl:t s/0fL tyf nfu' cf}ifw k|of]ustf{x?sf] kqmfp h:tf 36gfdf zfxn] ;lqmotf b]vfpFb} k|x/L ePsf] cg'e'lt u/fPsf lyP . gful/sx?sf] ;' / Iff klxnf] k|fyldstf /fVb} cfPsf zfxnfO{ ag]kf nu/kflnsfn] ljz]ifvfnsf] ;Ddfg / ljbfO{ u/]sf] lyof] eg] sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3, ag]kfdf /x]sf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] zfxsf] ;Ddfgsf ;fy ljbfO{ u/]sf lyP . z'qmaf/af6} xflh/ x'g] u/L ag]kfdf o'jf k|x/L lgl/Ifs lg/~hg e§/fO{ cfPsf 5g\ .

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ag]kf gu/kflnsf ag]kf, sfe|] hGd, afNosfn, cf}krfl/s lzIffM @)#% ;fn sflt{s @) ut] cf]vn9'u+ f lhNnfsf] tTsflng sflnsfb]jL ufpFk~rfot & tyf xfnsf] rDkfb]jL ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ # df d]/f] hGd ePsf] xf] . k|fylds lzIff ufpFd} /x]sf] lrlKnË k|flj, lrlKnËaf6 u/]+ . dfWolds txsf] lzIffsf nflu 3/af6 em08} 8]9306f 6f9f /x]sf] ljBfnoaf6 u/]+ . 3/af6 cfpg hfg clns 6f9f ePsfn] d dfdf3/df a:g yfn]+ . ToxfFaf6 klg ljBfno 6f9f g} lyof] t/ 3/af6 eGbf clns glhs kb{Yof] . b'O{ lbbL kl5 d]/f] hGd ePsf] lyof] . lbbLx?n] ;fdfGo cIf/ lrGg] afx]s cWoog ug{ ;Sg' ePg . 5f]/LnfO{ ljBfno k7fpg jf lzIff k|bfg ug{ ;xh lyPg . 5f]/LnfO{ k9fpg' clgjfo{ klg /x]g5 . 5f]/fnfO{ h;/L klg k9fpg' k5{ eGg] dfGotf lyof] . 3/ glhs} ljBfno lyof] . t/ klg xfdL ljBfno hfg' cl3 / cfP kl5 3/sf ;a} sfddf ;xeflutf hgfpFYof}+ . ljBfno ljbfsf] ;dodf ufO{ a:t' r/fpg] lgoldt sfd lyof] . v]taf/Lsf] sfd, 3/sf] sfd, 3fF;, bfp/f ;fdfGo lyof] . d cln ;fdfGo / ;f]emf] lyPF . slxNo} p6\km6\ofË x'Fb}g lyof] . sIffdf eP eGbf ;fgf] ljBfyL{ lyPF d . ;a}n] dfof ug{' x'GYof] . lzIfssf] sf/jfxLdf klg kl/g . sIff ! b]lv g} d lgoldt k|yd x'Fb} uPF . slxn]sfFlx a'af cfdfn] 3/df sfd 5 cfh ljBfno ghfg' eGbf klg d}n] dflGbg lyPF . To;sf/0f klg d]/f] ljBfno lgoldt eof] . ljBfnoaf6 cGoq sIff 5f8]/ hfg] x'Fb} ePg . lzIfssf] sf/jfxLdf lgdfjL / dflj txdf klg kl/g . sIff ^ b]lv !) ;Dd lgoldt 8]8 306f lx8]/ hfg] u/]sf lyof}+ . slxn]sfFlx sIff x'Fb}g lyof] t/ klg d ljBfno k'Ug] u/]sf] lyPF . cltl/Qm s[ofsnfkx? x'g] u/]sf lyP . sIff @ b]lv g} d}n] xflhl/hjfkmdf d]/f] ;xeflutf dfq} xf]O{g g]t[Tj x'GYof] . n'ufsf] es'08f] agfP/ v]NYof}+ .

8l08ljof] c;fWo} v]lnGYof] . d]/f] 3/ ufpF / a]zLdf lyof] . a'afx? a]zLdf x'g'x'GYof] . a]lzaf6 ljBfno hfg ;Dej lyPg . To;sf/0f dnfO{ dfdf3/df /flvPsf] lyof] . :s'n hfg] qmddf Pp6f 36gf eof] . d dfdf3/af6 hfg] u/]sf] lyP . af6f]df ;fyLx?n] n;'g / Kofh pv]n]/ vfg] ug{' ePsf] /x]5 To;sf] ph'/L ljBfnodf k/]sf] /x]5 . lzIfs nf7L lnP/ sIffdf k|j]z u/]/ lrlKnËaf6 cfpg] sf] sf] 5g\ < ;f]Wg' eof] . d dfq} /x]5' To; lbg . c? ;fyLx?n] ef]h/fh t clxn] dfdf3/af6 cfpg] u/]sf] 5 eg] kl5 s'6fO{af6 ar]+ . Tof] rf]/L klg d}n] u/]sf] lyO{g . @)$%÷@)$^ ;fndf ePsf] /fhgLlts cfGbf]ng;Fu} xfdLn] ljBfnodf cfGbf]ng u¥of}+ . ljBfnodf lzIfs gePsf] eGb} xfdLn] ljBfnodf x8\tfn u¥of}+ . ufpFe/L gf/fh'n'; klg u¥of}+ . To;s} kl/0ffd :j?k xfdLnfO{ cfjZos kg{] lzIfsx? pknAw eP .

Tof] xfd|f] ;kmntf lyof] . ufpFdf vf;} k};fsf] cfjZostf kb{}g lyof] . ljBfnodf hfFbf vfhf n}hfg] rng yf]/} lyof] . ksfPsf] vfhf n}hfFbf ljBfnodf k'¥ofpFb}g lyof}+ . hfteftsf] s'/f p7\Yof] . xfdL Tof] vfhf af6f]d} n'sfP/ hfg] u/]sf lyof}+ . cfpFbf vfhf klg x'Fb}g lyof] . slxn]sfFlx nu]sf] vfhf klg vfg kfO{b}g lyof] . lgoldt vfhf n}hfg] vfg] To:tf] x'Fb}g lyof] . lt cljZd/0fLo / ;Demg nfossf If0fx? lyP . lzIfsn] nfdf] /lh:6/ lsg]/ ul0ftsf] u[xsfo{ ug{' eGg' ePsf] lyof] . d}n] cfdfsf] ;fydf /x]sf] !% ?k}of k};f lgsfn]/ lsg]+ . cfdf;Fu dfUg klg ;lsg . ljBfnodf rflxg] klg lyof] . kl5 cfdfn] yfxf kfpg' eof] . d}n] 8/fO{ 8/fO{ eg]+ . cfdfn] s]lx eGg'

k|zf;gsf] hflu/ ;a} s'/fdf lj1 klg x'g gkfO{g], hflGbg eGg klg gkfO{g] . s]lx ;do a'em\g nfUg], a'em]/ ubf{ ;?jf eO{xfNg] Tof] vfnsf] ;d:of 5 . hflu/n] clN5 agfpFbf] /x]5 . hflu/sf] ljr ;dodf s]lx ug{] of]hgf 5}g . hflu/ kl5 klg s] ug{] of]hgf agfPsf] 5}g .

ePg . kl5 cfkm}nfO{ vNnf] nfUof] slDtdf cfdfnfO{ eg]sf] eP lbg' x'GYof] lg . ljBfno ljbfsf] ;dodf slxn]sfFlx kf}8L v]Ng], ufO{ afv|f r/fpg], bfp/f 3fF;kft ug{] sfd x'GYof] . @)%) ;fnsf] df3df d}n] P;Pn;L lbPF . xfd|f] Aofr eGbf b'O{ jif{ cl3 b]lv ljBfnod} kl/Iff s]Gb| lyof] . cl3Nnf] jif{ ePsf] ;fdfGo ljjfbsf sf/0f xfd|f] kfnfdf kl/Iff s]Gb| ;fl/of] . 3/af6 Ps lbg 6f9fsf] :yfg lyof] . Tolx lbbLsf] 3/ ePsfn] d}n] lbbLsf] 3/df a;]/ P;Pn;L lbPF . k|fylds txaf6 dfWolds txdf hfFbf pTs[i6 ljBfyL{ eO{g . dWod :t/sf] ljBfyL{ ePF . t/ slxNo} km]n eO{g . 6]i6sf] kl/Iff ;s]/ sf7df8f}df dfdfx? ePsf] :yfgdf 6\o';g k9\g cfPF . sf7df8f}af6 kms{Fbf af6f]d} d}n cz'e / b'vb vj/ ;'g]+ . s]lx lbgd} kl/Iff cfO{;s]sf] lyof] . s]lx lbg cl3 lbbLsf] ljjfx ePsf] lyof] . Tof] vj/n] dnfO{ b'lvt agfof] . To;n] kl/Iff ;d]t k|efljt agfof] .

P;Pn;L ;f]r] h:t} eof] . k/LIff ;s]/ ufpFdf ;fdflhs cleofgdf lyPF . vfg]kfgLsf] kfO{k vGg] / k'g{] sfddf lyPF . h+unsf] aLrd} x'Fbf kl/Iffkmn ;fj{hlgs ePsf] va/ ;'lgof] . @% hgfdf !! hgf kf; ePsf /x]5f}+ . ufpFd} d PSnf] lyPF P;Pn;L kf; ug{] . s]lx lbg kl5 uf]/vfkq k'u]/ xfdLn] yfxf kfof}+ . uf]/vfkq cfpg' cl3 cfdfn] dfdf3/ glhs} ;f]Wg' ePsf] /x]5 . ef]h/fh kf; ePsf] va/ cfdfn] ;'g]/ ufpF hfg' eof] . t/ klg ljZjf; nfu]g . kl5 ljBfnod} uf]/vfkq cfPkl5 x]/]+ . v'zL nfUof] . df3df P;Pn;L lbP/ c;f/df l/hN6 x'Fbf vfnL ;do w]/} lyof] . a}zfv dlxgfsf] s'/f xf] . l;Gw'nLaf6 ds}df dn /fVg] /f;folgs dn lng hfg] s'/f eof] . b'O{ lbgsf] af6f] 8f]sf] af]s]/ xfdL uof}+ . hfFbf hfFbf /dfO{nf] eof] . cfpFbf w]/} ufx|f] eof] . %) lsnf]sf] dnsf] af]/f cfwf af]s]/ kms{Fbf t/fO{sf] af6f] dnfO{ c;fWo} ufx|f] eof] . Tof] cfjZostf lyPg /x/ lyof] . /x/n] hfFbf ePsf] sl7gtfn] dnfO{ w]/} s'/fsf] kf7 l;sfof] . l;Gw'nLdf k'u]kl5 klxnf] k6s ;fO{sn b]v]sf] lyPF . sIff ( df cWoog ubf{ klxnf] k6s a; r9]sf] lyPF . af6f]df cfpFbf w]/} sl7g eof] . ;fO{sn b]Vbf To:tf] lrhdf dfG5] s;/L r9\g] xf]nf h:tf] nfUYof] . ljBfno txdf vf;} s'g} of]hgf x'Fb}g lyof] . P;Pn;L kf; x'g' cl3 vf;} r'gf}tL lyPg . a'af cfdfsf] PSnf] 5f]/f ePsfn] P;Pn;L kl5sf] cWoogdf ;d:of lyof] . a'af cfdf 3/af6 k7fpg rfxg' x'Gg lyof] . dnfO{ h;/L eP klg sf7df8f} cfP/ k9\g] / s]lx ug{] of]hgf lyof] . x'g t ufpFd} P;Pn;L kf; ePkl5 lzIfs aGg] cj;/ kfO{GYof] . dnfO{ Toltd} /dfpg] dg lyPg . l/hN6 eP nuQ} d}n] sf7df8f}{df /xg' ePsf dfdfx?nfO{ k|df0fkq k7fPF . a'af cfdfnfO{ klg ;DemfPsf] lyPF . Toltv]/ @)%! ;fnsf] dWofjwL r'gfj lyof] . k9fO{ s]lx ;do l9nf z'? x'g] ePsfn] egf{ rfFlx ub{} u/f} eGg] pb]Zon] k|df0fkq k7fO{Psf] lyof] . ufpFdf lzIfs ePsfx?sf] hLjg / cWoog x]bf{ klg dnfO{ /fhwfgL g} hfg] ;f]r ePsf] lyof] . dfdf sf7df8f}df a;]/ lghfdtL ;]jfdf k|j]z ug{' ePsf] lyof] . dnfO{ cWoog kl5 klg sxfF hfg] eGg] of]hgf klg agfO{ ;s]sf] lyPF . sf7df8f}df a:bf vf;} ;d:of ePg . dfdfx? / 3/af6 ;xof]u ePsfn] /fhwfgLsf] a;fO{ c;xh ePg . dnfO{ w]/} k};f klg cfjZos x'Fb}g lyof] . cfjZos eP klg ;xh lyPg . vrf{n' :jefj lyPg . a/flng klg kfO{Pg . sf7df8f}df /xFbf klg sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf afx]s 3'Dg klg uO{g . hfg klg dg nfUb}g lyof] .

P;Pn;L kl5M P;Pn;L plt{0f kl5 s] cWoog u5{' eGg] klg lyPg . dfdfn] sd;{ cWoog ug{' ePsf] lyof] . dnfO{ klg cf6{; / sd;{ g} cWoog ug{] eGg] nfu]sf] lyof] . ;fO{G; cWoog ug{ ufx|f] lyof] . sf]6]Zj/df lyof] a;fO{ . dfdfn] Tolx jif{ cfO{Pn clGtd /x]5 . cfkm'n] sd;{ cWoog u/]kl5 ef~hfnfO{ cfO{Pn k9fpg' k5{ eg]/ n SofDk;df egf{ ul/lbg' ePsf] /x]5 . /dfO{nf] x'GYof] . sf]6]Zj/af6 SofDk; aGb x'Fbf klg 6«nL a; r9]/ hfg] u/]sf] lyPF . lgoldt ?kdf cWoog u/]+ . plt{0f klg ePF . dfdf clws[t txdf k|zf;g ;]jfdf nf]s ;]jfaf6 gfd lgsfNg' ePsf] lyof] . sIff @ b]lv g} xflhl/hjfkmdf ;xeflu ePsfn] dnfO{ ;xh klg eof] . nf]s;]jf lbP/} hflu/ vfG5' eGg] ;f]r]sf] lyPF . pd]/ k'u]sf] lyPg . cfO{Pnsf] kl/Iff ;s]+ . nf]s;]jfsf] lj1fkg v'Nof] t/ d]/f] pd]/ @ dlxgfn] k'u]g . lj8Djgf g} eof] . cWoog klg ;lsof] / nf]s;]jfsf] klg tof/L ug{ gkfPkl5 ufpF kmls{PF . ufpF kmls{P/ d}n] * dlxgf uflj;sf] ;xof]udf lzIfs eP/ sfd u/]+ . dfl;s @ xhf/ lyof]

8fo/L dgsf] df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf tna . rf}dfl;s ?kdf tna cfpFYof] . klxnf] rf}dfl;ssf] tna 3/df s]lx vr{ u/]/ cfkm\gf] vr{ u/]+ . Ps jif{ ufpFdf a:bf d}n] Tof] afx]s s]lx sfd ul/g . c;f/df kl/Iff lbP/ uPsfn] km]/L c;f/;Dd s'/]+ . ufpFd} a;]sf] eP Tolx ljBfnodf lgoldt lzIfs x'g kfpFy]+ . d}n] * dlxgf sfd u/]kl5 5f8]/ km]/L /fhwfgL kmls{PF . ljPn cWoog z'? u/]kl5 ufpF 5fl8lbPF . /fhwfgLdf cfpg] pb]Zo nf]s;]jf dfkm{t hflu/ vfg' lyof] . c;f/df ufpFdf /f]kfO{sf] ;do lyof] . dfdfn] nf]s;]jf v'Nof] eg]kl5 d /fhwfgL cfPsf] lyPF . v/bf/ / ;'Aaf b'a}df v'Nof] . b'a}df kmf/fd e/]+ . ljPn cWoog ubf{ k|fO{e]6 If]qsf] hflu/ vf]h]+ ;xh ePg . n kmd{ddf klg vf]h] . hflu/ kfO{Pg .

Tof] ?rLsf] ljifo rfFlx lyPg . t/ klg d}n] vfnL a:g' eGbf s]lx sfd u/f}+ eGg] nfu]/ vf]lh/x]sf] lyPF . Ps k6s dfdfn] ljP08 lj c:ktfndf elglbg' ePsf] /x]5 . ToxfFsf] Pd8LnfO{ uP/ e]6]+ . p;n] x'Fb}g klg eg]g . u5{' u5{' eGbf eGb} d}n] nf]s;]jfdf gfd lgsfn]+ . To;kl5 dnfO{ hflu/ vfg' k/]g . hflu/df k|j]zM ;fg} b]lv xflhl/hjfkm / sfg'g cWoog u/]sfn] dnfO{ nf]s;]jfsf] kl/Iffdf ;xh eof] . SofDk; hfg 5f8]/} d}n] Ps dlxgfsf] ;do nf]s;]jfsf] tof/L u/]sf] lyPF . k|zf;g ;]jfsf] hfFr /fd|f] ePsf] lyPg . x'nfs ;]jfsf] kl/Iff /fd|f] ePsf] lyof] . cfz lyof] . a'waf/ l/hN6 x'GYof] . uf]/vfkqdf a'waf/ / nf]s;]jfsf] kf6Ldf z'qmaf/ ;fFem g} l/hN6 ubf{] /x]5 . yfkfynL leq lyof] nf]s;]jfsf] If]lqo sfof{no . x/]s lbg SofDk; hfFbf l/hN6 slxn] xf]nf / d]/f] gfd lgl:sPnf eGg] nfUYof] . geGb} Ps lbg cfO{taf/ SofDk; uP/ l/hN6 cfof] ls eg]/ x]g{ uPsf] d]/f] gfd lgl:sPsf] /x]5 . v'zLsf] l;df /x]g . @)%$ ;fnsf] s'/f lyof] . dl;+/df l/hN6 cfof] . hf8f] ljbfdf 3/df uPF . 3/d} tof/L u/]+ . lnlvtdf lgl:sof] . df}lvsdf s]lx z+sf lyof] t/ lgw{Ss lyPF . k|zf;g / x'nfs b'j}df lgl:sPsfn] dnfO{ ;xh eof] . cGt{jftf{ lbg] qmddf Ps hgf ;fyL dfq} a9L x'g' ePsf] /x]5 . k|zf;gdf g} gfd lgl:sP kl5 x'nfs ;]jfdf uO{g . klxnf] lgo'lQm lj/ c:ktfndf eof] . lj/ c:ktfndf Pd/h]lG; zfvfdf Sof; a'em\g] lhDd]jf/L lyof] . k|zf;g eP klg n]vf zfvfdf hfg' k¥of] . @$ ;} 306f c:ktfn ePsfn] /flt klg 8\o'6L lyof] . b'O{ hgf ;fyLx? lyof}+ . @% ;o lyof] tna . Sof; uGg] qmddf % ;o x/fof] . xfdLn] b'j}n] tnaaf6 lt¥of}+ . ;'Aafsf] klg kl/Iff lbPsfn] 8]8 dlxgf v/bf/ sfd u/]kl5 ;'Aaf ePF . ;'Aaf eP kl5 d]/f] lgo'lQm /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]udf lgo'lQm eof] . ToxfF cWoog ug{] cj;/ ldNof] . /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u d'n'ss} of]hgf agfpg] :yfg lyof] . ToxfF cWoog ug{] jftfj/0f eof] . Tolx /xFbf /xFb} d}n] clws[t txsf] kl/Iff lyPF . pBf]u dGqfno k'Ubf d]/f] l/hN6 eof] / d clws[t ePF . ToxfFsf] jftfj/0f w]/} /fd|f] ePsfn] dnfO{ ;xh eof] . t/ Ps} k6s d clws[t ePsf] lyO{g . b'O{ ltg k6ssf] kl/Iff kl5 dfq} d ;kmn ePsf] lyPF . clws[t eP nuQ} xfdLnfO{ :6fkm sn]hdf tflnddf /flvPsf] lyof] . of] @)^# ;fnsf] s'/f xf] . tflnd ltg ;d'xdf lyof] . xfdL l; ;d'xdf lyof}+ . k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O{/fnf x'g'x'GYof] . zflGt k|s[of z'? eP/ lgjf{rgsf] tof/L x'Fb} lyof] . lgjf{rg cfof]un] sd{rf/L cefj b]vfpFb} tTsfn sd{rf/L dfu u/]sf] /x]5 . () lbgsf] tflnd g;Sb} ! ;o !& hgf dWo] xfdL s]lx lgjf{rgdf vl6Psf lyof}+ . k'if !) ut] xfdLnfO{ lgjf{rgdf v6fpg] u/L lg0f{o eof] . ckm;f]r klg eof] . #^ lhNnfsf nflu clws[t cfjZos lyof] . ;a} ;fyLx?n] lhNnf 5fGg' eP5 . dnfO{ afh'/fsf] lhDd]jf/L cfof] . ;a} ;fyLx?n] /f]h]sf] lhNnf k|fKt u/] . d}n] rfFlx lsg /f]h]sf] gkfpg] < eg] kl5 vfnL lhNnf c5fdsf] lhDd]jf/L k¥of] . gofF lhDd]jf/L lyof] . lhNnf aflx/sf] sfd lyof] . a'af cfdf cf]vn9'ufdf . cfkm' c5fd hfg nfUbf dg u/d eof] . wgu9Laf6 c5fd k'Ubf b'O{ lbg nfUof] . c;fWo} ljs6 lyof] . r'gfj k6s k6s ;¥of] . klxnf] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgsf] tof/Lsf nflu d k'u]sf] lyPF . k'if @& ut] sf7df8f}af6 lx8]sf] lyPF . df3 $ ut]af6 dtbftf gfdfjnL ;+sng ug{' kg{] lyof] . &% uflj; /x]sf] c5fddf @^ j6f uflj; ;lrj ljlxg /x]5 . gful/stf ljt/0f / dtbftf gfdfjnL ;+sng ug{ sd{rf/L cfjZos lyof] . To;sf] Aoj:yfkgsf nflu d}n] 8f]6Ldf /x]sf] If]lqo k|zf;g sfof{nodf vj/ u/]+ . ;Dej ePg . k|lhc;Fu klg 5nkmn eof] . Aoj:yfkg ug{ sl7g lyof] . sfof{nodf 6]lnkmf]g klg lyPg . ahf/df uP/ lgjf{rg cfof]udf uP/ kmf]g u/]+ . dtbftf gfdfjnL zfvfdf kmf]g u/]+ . pxfFx?n] pQ/ lbg ;Sg' ePg . lgjf{rg cfo'Qm lgns07 pk|]tLnfO{ kmf]g u/]+ . pxfFn] tflnd lbg ;Sg] eP sd{rf/L Aoj:yfkg ug{] arg lbg' eof] . u[x x'Fb} k|lhcfnO{ kmf]g cfO{ ;s]5 . pxfFn] dnfO{ To;f] gu/]sf] eP x'GYof] eGg' eof] . 8f]6L nufotsf lhNnfaf6 sd{rf/L Aoj:yfkg u/]/ tflnd lbP/ lkmN8df v6fof}+ . c5fd /xFbf csf{] 36gf klg eof] . ;'Aaf lgldQ x'g'xGYof] . pxfF sf7df8f} cfP/ kms{g] qmddf a; b'3{6gf eP/ Tolx ljTg' eof] . c5fdsf] Oltxf;df klxnf] k6s zflGt k"j{s ?kdf lgjf{rg ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . ;kmntfk'j{s lgjf{rg ;DkGg u/]/ @ jif{ kl5 c5fdaf6 /fhwfgL cfPF . /fhwfgL cfP/ dnfO{ :jf:Yo ljefudf ;?jf ul/of] . :jf:Yosf] sfd c;fWo} km/s lyof] . ;a} s'/f hfGg] s]lx s'/fdf klg lj1 gx'g] eg] h:tf] k|zf;gdf hflu/ vfFbf To:tf] x'g] /x]5 . lgjf{rgdf z'? b]lv cGTo;Ddsf] sfd u/]+ . lghfdlt ;]jf P]g / :jf:Yo ;]jf P]g km/s lyof] . km/s cg'ej eof] . ;]jfsf] k|s[lt klg km/s lyof] . kbsf af/]df klg yfxf lyPg . tLg jif{ ToxfF sfo{/t /x]kl5 >d dGqfnodf ] .

;?jf eof] . l;k ljsf; zfvfdf d]/f] lhDd]jf/L lyof] . O{lko; k|0ffnLsf] tflnd / l;kd'ns tflndsf] lhDd]jf/L lyof] . ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] c:yfoL b/jGbLdf d ToxfF k'u]+ . >d dGqfnodf a}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu lyof] . a}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j{4g af]8{df d]/f] ;?jf eof] . >d ;xrf/Lsf nflu d]/f] 5gf}6 eof] . ;fpbL c/asf] g]kfnL dxfafl0fHob'tdf /x]/ sfd u/]+ . b'O{ jif{sf nflu d]/f] lgo'lQ ePsf] lyof] . Ps jif{ sfd ubf{ ub{} d]/f] a9'jf eof] . pk ;lrj eP kl5 ToxfF /xg] cj:yf lyPg . Ps jif{sf] cjwLdf w]/} sfd ul/of] . ljz]ifu/L g]kfnLx? sfd ug{ hfg], pxfFx?nfO{ k/]sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{] d'Vo sfd lyof] . a}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf qmddf ePsf] lgwg AolQmsf] za g]kfn k7fpg l9nf x'GYof] . sfg'gL k|s[of nfdf] lyof] . Tof] cj:yfdf slxn]sfFlx cfkm}nfO{ lvGg x'GYof] . pk;lrjsf] a9'jf ;"rL lg:sFbf :yfgLo txsf] k'g{;+/rgf ePsf] lyof] . :yfgLo txdf pk ;lrj v6fO{Psf] lyof] . ;fpbLc/jaf6 /dgf lnP/ ;fdfGo k|zf;gaf6 :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnodf k7fO{Psf] /x]5 . nfdf] ;do ePsf] lyof] kl/jf/;Fu ;Fu} a:g gkfPsf] . lhNnf guO{ ;'v klg ePg . ;+v'jf;ef lhNnfdf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L vfnL ePsf] lyof] .

ToxfF ;f9] $ dlxgf a;]/ kmls{PF . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf sfd ubf{ clGtd ;do lyof] . lgjf{rgsf] dfxf]n / ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfdsf] ;+of]hg ug{' lyof] . ;+v'jf;efdf /xFbf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] e'ldsf v'Drb} uof] . /fhwfgL j/k/ ;?jf dfu ubf{ dnfO{ ag]kfdf ;?Jf ul/of] . To; kl5 lg/Gt/ d ag]kfdf sfo{/t 5' . hflu/ lgoldt k|s[of xf] . cg'ej w]/} eof] . k|zf;gsf] hflu/ ;a} s'/fdf lj1 klg x'g gkfO{g], hflGbg eGg klg gkfO{g] . s]lx ;do a'em\g nfUg], a'em]/ ubf{ ;?jf eO{xfNg] Tof] vfnsf] ;d:of 5 . hflu/n] clN5 agfpFbf] /x]5 . hflu/sf] ljr ;dodf s]lx ug{] of]hgf 5}g . hflu/ kl5 klg s] ug{] eGg] klg of]hgf agfPsf] 5}g . /fhgLltM SofDk;df x'Fbf s]lx cfGbf]ngdf efu lnPF . pd]/ / cj:yf klg To:t} x'GYof] . ljBfnodf klg ljBfyL{ ;+u7gdf a;]/ sfd u/]sf] lyPF . SofDk;df klg klxnf] jif{ k|f/lDes sld6Ldf /x]/ sfd u/]+ . bf]>f] jif{ b]lv Tof] cleofgdf /lxg . ;fyLx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug{], plgx?n] eg]sf] cfGbf]ngdf slxn]sfFlx ;xeflu x'g] t eO{of] t/ /fhgLltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg cfjZos 7flgg . d]/f] pb]Zo klg km/s lyof] . cfO{Pn cWoog ubf{ km';{b ePsfn] To; tkm{ slxn]sfFlx rf;f] eof] . ljPn cWoog ubf{ hflu/ klg z'? eof] . /fhgLltdf ;xeflu eO{g . Tof] d]/f] rf;f] / ?rLsf] ljifo lyPg . k|]d / ljjfxM ufpFdf k|]d ug{] rng lyof] . :s'n hLjgdf klg lyof] . t/ d]/f] hLjgdf ePg .

P;Pn;L kf; u/]/ SofDk; cWoog ug{ kmf]6f] lvRg :6'l8of]df hfFbf s] ug{ < kmf]6f] eGg' eof] .

SofDk; cWoog ug{] eg]kl5 pxfF g} b+u kg{' eof] . pd]/ klg ;fgf] lyof] . :s'ndf ;Dej klg lyPg . n SofDk; cWoog ubf{ klg To:tf] ePg . s]6Lx?sf] ;+Vof klg sd lyof] . d]/f] k|]d sf]lx;Fu ePg . ;fyLx?sf] g]6js{af6 @)^$ ;fndf ljjfx u/]+ . c5fdd} /xFbf ;fyLx?n] k|:tfj NofP . clkm;/ ePkl5 dfq} ljjfx ug{] d]/f] of]hgf lyof] . :s'n k9\bfsf] ;fyL / pxfFsf] alxgL;Fu lrghfg ePsf cfwf/df k|:tfj cfof] . e]63f6 u¥of}+ . klxnf] e]6ef6 kl5 c5fd uPF . csf{] k6s cfpFbf km]/L e]63f6 eof] . l;k ljsf; s]Gb|df k|lzIfs / tfxfrn SofDk;df k9fpFb} lyO{g pgL . xfdL ljr ljjfx ug{] of]hgf aGof] . ljjfxsf] bzs ljt]sf] 5 . slxn]sfFlx ;fdfGo emu8f k5{ :jefljs xf] . ljjfx u/] nuQ} a'af cfdfnfO{ sf7df8f} NofPsf lyof}+ . alxgL klg ;Fu} lyO{g . cfdfn] 3/ wflg/xg' ePsfn] xfdLnfO{ c;xh 5}g . xfdL b'a} hflu/] ePsfn] xfdLnfO{ cfly{s ?kn] cefj ePg . ;Defjgf klg ePg . aRrfx? klg ;fg} 5g\ . Ps 5f]/L / Ps 5f]/f 5g\ . plgx?sf] x'sf{O{ / Aoj:yfkg clg xfdL b'a} hgf hflu/] ePsfn] c? s'/f ;f]lrPg . hLjgM nIo cg';f/ ;Gt'i6 x'g' k5{ . k|]dM hLjg rnfpg] dfu{bz{g . ljjfxM ;[li6 rnfpg] lgod . zfl//Ls ;DjGwM zfl/l/s cfjZostf . cGTodfM nf]s ;]jf cfof]unfO{ ljZjf; ug{;' . ;+sf]r 5 eg] tkfO{n] d]xgt ug{' x'Gg . k|j]z klg gug{'; . hfFr lbg] qmddf km]n eO{G5 . kf;dfs{ NofP/ kf; x'g] xf]O{g . Pp6f kl/Iffdf c? dWo]af6 pTs[i6 x'g] xf] . hLjgdf pTs[i6 x'g] sfd u/f}+ . c?sf] lxt lrtfpF .

*** k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{sf] ljxfgL lrGtg sfo{qmd cGtu{t zlgjf/sf] lbg ul/Psf] JolQmsf] JolQmut hLjgsf ef]ufO{ af/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/f+z . k|ltlqmofsf] nflu M motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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To;n] klg ;xh t agfPsf] 5 . t/ kqsfl/tfdf dlxnfx?n] cem} ;f]r] hlt k|utL ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . · bz} nufotsf rf8kj{ lj:tf/} el8\snf] x'Fb} uPsf] 5 lg lsg xf]nf < of] rfxL ;doqmd cg';f/ kl/jt{g ePsf] xf]nf . gofF k':tfdf rf8af8nfO{ a'e' m\g] tl/sf km/s ePsf] kf] xf] ls < bz} eg]sf] dfGohgaf6 cflz{jfb lng], kl/jf/ e]6g\ ,] cfltdotf ;f6\g] kj{ xf] . uR5\o cg';f/n] of] kj{ dgfpg'k5{ .

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· tkfO{ cfkm} rflx bz}+ s;/L dgfpg' x'G5 kqsfl/tf k]zdf cfpg'eGbf cl3 klg d kl/jf/;+u e]63f6, dfGohg;+usf] cfl;{jfb lnP/ bz} dgfpg] . 3/ -uf]/vf_ hfGy] . kl5Nnf] ^, & aif{ otf b]lv eg] d sf7df08f}df g} bz} dgfp5' . kl/jf/ g} ot} ePsfn] klg xfdL bz} ot} dgfp5f} . To;}n] klg x/]s bz}df d]/f] 8\ol' 6 clkm;df g} x'G5 . /]l8of]df ;dfrf/, sfo{qmd pTkfbg ug],{ bz}sf gofF hfgsf/L c? gofF laifox? >f]tfx?nfO{ ;'gfpg], gofF, gofF k':tsx? k9]/ d]/f] bz} laTg] u/]sf] 5 . · ldl8ofdf /x/df cfpg] / la:tf/} knfog x'g] qmd /f]Sg s;/L ;lsPnf < xf], To:tf] klg 5 . xfdL ;a}nfO{ yfxf ePs} laifo xf] ls kqsfl/tfdf cGo k]zfdf h:tf] cfsif{s tnj ;'lawf 5}g . of] Ps lsl;dsf] ;fdflhs ;]jf efjs} k]zf xf] eG5' d t . ;fob pd]/ a9\b} uPkl5, kfl/jfl/s, ;fdflhs lhDd]jf/L ylkb} uPkl5 cfly{s sldn] klg slt hgf k]zfaf6 knfPg ePsf] xf]nf . /x/df olQs} cfpg] xf] eg] t kSs} k]zfnfO{ Gofo ug{ ;lsb}g . s]xL g s]xL nufa t kSs} x'gk' 5{ .

agk]f do]/ sksf] zlgaf/ kmfOg{n

agk]f÷agk]f gu/kflnsfsf] kf|ofh]g tyf j8f gDj/ % sf] ;o+fh]gdf agk]fdf zq'maf/ bl]v z?' ePsf] ky|d do]/ sk cGt/ j8f :t/Lo gfOg{ P ;fO8{ km6'an kl|tofl]utfsf] zlgaf/ ;dfkg xbF'5} . k|ltof]lutfsf] pb\3f6g gu/ k|dv ' nIdLg/l;+ afb]n] u/]sf lyP . k|ltof]lutfsf] pb\3f6g ub{} k|dv ' afb]n] gu/sf ;a} j8fx?df v]nsf] ljsf; / v]n dfkm{t AolQmsf] zfl/l/s Ifdtf clea[4Lsf nflu km'6an klxnf] sfo{qmd ePsf] atfP . o:tf sfo{qmdx?df gu/kflnsfn] ljz]if k|fyldstf lbg] gu/ k|d'v afb]n] atfP . !$ j6f j8faf6 !^ l6d ;xeflu /x]sf] k|ltof]lutfsf] ;dfkg c;f]h @& ut] x'g]5 . k|ltof]lutfdf ljhoL x'g] l6dnfO{ gub %) xhf/ ;lxt lzN8 / d]8n pknAw u/fO{g]5 5 eg] bf]>f] x'g] l6dnfO{ gub #) xhf/ pknAw u/fO{g] j8f cWoIf an/fd clwsf/Ln] atfP .

k|ltof]lutfsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf gu/ pkk|dv ' /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn, k|dv ' k|zf;lso clws[t ef]h/fh l3dL/], j8f cWoIfx?, j8f ;b:ox?, v]n;Fu ;DjlGwt ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . pb\3f6g v]n j8f gDj/ % sf] P ;d'x / j8f gDj/ aLr ePsf] lyof] . j8f gDj/ % sf] P ;d'xn] j8f gDj/ ^ nfO{ z'Gosf lj?4 Ps uf]nn] k/flht u/]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx lbg ePsf] bf]>f] v]n j8f gDj/ @ / & aLr ePsf] lyof] . j8f gDj/ & n] j8f gDj/ @ nfO{ k/flht u/]sf] 5 . a'waf/ ePsf] ;]ldkmfOgn v]ndf j8f g+= !$ kmfOgndf k'us ] f] 5 .

To;}u/L j8f g+= % / !# aLr ePsf] v]ndf j8f g+= !# n] j8f g+= % nfO{ $ uf]nn] k/flht u/]sf] 5 . kmfOgn v]n j8f g+= !# / !$ j8f aLr x'g5 ] .

kmn\fl]/sNr/ Pzfl];P;gdf lj/G]b| ag]kf÷km\nf]l/sNr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfn sfe|] zfvfsf] & cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef af6 lj/]Gb| axfb'/ >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf gofF sfo{ ;ldlt lgjf{lrt ePsf] 5 . ;ldltsf] pkfWoIfdf e]if/fh bg'jf/, ;lra zDe' tfdfª, sf]iffWoIf ?b| v8\sf / ;b:ox?df 7fs'/ k|;fb bfxfn, ls/0f v/]n / hgfb{g uf}td /x]sf 5g\ . sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;3+sf s]lGbo ;b:o tyf kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf gu/ k|d'v dx]z v/]nn] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} v/]nn] kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfnfO{ t/sf/L v]tL dfq geO{ cfw'lgs s[lif Aofa;fodf n}hfg of]hgf agfPsf] atfP . s[ifsx?nfO{ ;do cg';f/sf] tflnd k|bfg u/]/ cfw'lgs s[lif v]t ug{ nflu k/]sf] pgn] atfP . kfrFvfn

gu/kflnsfdf kmnf]l/sNr/sf nfuL k|z:t hUuf hldg ePsfn] gu/sf s[ifsx?nfO{ To; tkm{ Wofg lbg gu/ k|dv ' v/]nn] cfu|x u/] . sfo{qmddf ljz]if cltyL km\nf]l/sNr/ g]kfnsf s]lGb|o cWoIf s'df/ s;h' >]i7n] sfo{qmdx?df vfbfsf] 7fpFdf km'n dfnfsf] k|of]udf Nofpg / k'ik Aoa;fonfO{ ;Ddfg ug{ cfu|x u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf kfg}tL gu/kflnsf gu/ pk k|dv ' lutf a~hf/f, s[lif ljsf; zfvf wlnv]nsf lji0f' clwsf/L, ag]kf zfvfsf s[i0f lwtfn nufotn] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;~rf/ sld{ lj=lj=l; ldl8of P;gdf sfo{/t k|sfz ;'Gbf;nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . :jfut dGtAo pkfWoIf lj/]Gb| axfb'/ >]i7n] /fv]sf lyP eg] ;efkltTj cWoIf ef]h/fh ltdlN;gfn] u/]sf lyP .

kgf}tLsf] l;l;l6eL ;lxtsf] Sofd]/f x:tfGt/0f · eljiodf s] aGg] < lsg < d]/f] eljZo eg]s} kqsfl/tf xf] . clxn] klg d ;fd'bflos ;'rgf g]6js{ ;LcfO{Pgdf sfo{/t 5' . Tof] ;+u} Pp6f sn]hdf cfd;~rf/ tyf kqsfl/tf k9fp5' klg . d}n] dfyL g} eg] d]/f] cWoogsf] laifo klg olx xf] . · o'jf zlQm lab]lzg] qmd a9\bf] 5 o:nfO /f]Sg /fHon] s] ug{k' nf{ < xf], b}lgs ;/b/ !% ;o egbf w]/} g]kfnL /f]huf/Lsf] nflu ljb]z hfg] u/]sf] tYof+s xfdLnfO{ s07} 5 . pRr lzIffsf] nflu ljb]z hfg]x? klg plQs} 5g\ . dnfO{ nfU5, o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f eg]sf] a]/f]huf/L g} xf] . ;/sf/n] b]zdf plrt lzIff / lzIff cg';f/sf] /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:y fug{ ;s] ljb]z knfPg x'g] qmd /f]lsg] 5 . b]z lasf;sf] r/0fdf 5 . ufFp, ufFpdf :yfgLo ;/sf/ 5g\ . ;/sf/n] ljsf; . / ;d[4Lsf] gf/f lnPsf] 5 . ca /fHon] of] gf/f Jojxf/df sfof{Gjog u/fpg'k5{ . · OG6/g]6 / ;fdflhs ;+hfn lagf slt ;do /xg ;lsPnf < clxnsf] cj:yfdf O{G6/g]6 ljsf /xg] laifo c;+ej h:t} xf] . ;'rgf, hfgsf/L, goff, gf}nf] laifo x/]s s'/f xfdL O{G6/g]6af6 kfp5f} . clxn] t slt laifodf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ xf]djs{ klg O{G6/g]6df vf]h/] u/]/ cfp eg]sf] b]vs ] f] 5' . To;}n] O{G6/g]6 ;fdflhs ;~rfn cfjZos 5 . emg\ xfdL kqsf/x?sf] nflu t O{G6/g]6 clt cfjZos laifo h:t} ag]sf] 5 . · cGTodf============ cGTodf r]6f ;fKtflxsnfO{ wGojfb . clg ;a} g]kfnL bfh', efO{, lbbL alxgL, cfdf, j'jfnfO{ j8f bz}sf] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf . oxfFx?sf] bz} /dfO{nf] xf];\ .

KofA;gsf gu/ ;ldltx?sf] wdfwd clwa]zg kgf}tL÷gLlh tyf cfjfl;o ljBfno cu{gfO{h];g g]kfn -KofA;g_ kgf}tLsf] k|yd gu/ clwa]zg kgf}tL gu/kflnsf pkk|dv ' lutf a~hf/fsf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . s]lGb|o ;lrj led;]g s];Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg clwa]zgdf af]Nb} pkk|dv ' a~hf/fn] gu/ leqsf] lzIff gLltnfO{ km/flsnf] agfpFb} lzIffnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo agfpg ;a} kIf nfUg' kg{] atfO{g\ . sfo{qmddf s]lGb|o ;lrjfno ;b:o lx/f zdf{ g]kfn, klAns SofDk; ;+3sL s]lGb|o ;b:o tyf t]hu+uf ax'dv ' L SofDk;sL ;+:yfks SofDk; k|dv ' 8f= cDa'ejfgL sfsL{, KofA;g sfe|s ] f cWoIf ;Togf/fo0f >]i7, lzIfs dxf;+3 kgf}tLsf cWoIf p4j af]nv], kgf}tL gu/kflnsf k|zf;lso clws[t OGb|k;| fb clwsf/L, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf lzIff ljefu k|dv ' dx]Zj/ h+ud nufotn] kgf}tL If]qsf] lzIffsf nflu ;a} kIf Ps x'g' kg{] atfPsf lyP . @)^$ ;fndf ;+:yfks ;+of]hs c?0ff]bo dfljsf lk|lG;kn s]bf/ cfrfo{ /x]/ z'? ePsf] KofA;f] clxn] KofA;gdf kl/0ft ePsf] 5 . @) j6f

ljBfno /x]sf] kgf}tL KofA;f]sf ;+of]hs c?0f sdf{rfo{n] kgf}tLsf ljBfnox?df * xhf/ eGbf w]/} ljBfyL{x? cWoog ul//x]sf] tYofÍ k|:t't u/] . ^ ;o eGbf w]/} lzIfs sd{rf/L sfo{/t /x]sf] gLlh ljBfnodf 8]8 ca{ nufgL ePsf] 5 . @)^@ ;fndf sfe|] O{ dfjL kgf}tLn] af]8{ k|yd NofPsf] kgf}tLsf] Oltxf; @)$) ;fndf ;'of{b] o cfjfl;o dfjL :yfkgf eO{ gLlh ljBfnosf] z'?jft ePsf] lyof] . clwa]zgn] c?0f sdf{rfo{sf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt rog ePsf] 5 . sdf{rfo{ ;/:jtL s'~h af] l 8{ Ë sf lk| l G;kn x' g \ .

To:t} ;lrj Go" /fO{lhË af]l8{Ë :s'n /ofn]sf lk|lG;kn s'nk|;fb ;fksf]6f /x]sf 5g\ eg] sf]iffWoIf ul/df :s'n Vofs'sf eQm dxt /x]sf 5g\ . kgf}tLsf] s'zfb]jLdf @)$% ;fndf nflnu'/fF; :s'n bf]>f] gLlh ljBfnosf ?kdf :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . gj/Tg, l;4fy{ ag:ynL, dlNk, ;fd'bflos c?0ff]bo nufotsf ljBfnox? lg/Gt/ v'ln/x]sf lyP . ;b:ox?df qmdz /fh' t08'sf/, /d]z /fhnj6, /]Zdf yfkf, Zofdx/L ;fksf]6f lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ .

kgf}tL÷kgf}tL pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3 / kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf] nufgLdf kgf}tLsf ljleGg :yfgdf /flvPsf l;l;l6le ;lxtsf Sofd]/fx?sf] :jfldTj x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . kgf}tL k|x/L rf}sLsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /xg] u/L pQm Sofd]/fx?sf] ;'/Iff ;lxtsf] lhDd]jf/L x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] xf] . @)&$ ;fn sflt{s @ ut] b]lv z'? ul/Psf] pQm cleofg !! j6f Sofd]/faf6 !& j6fdf k'us ] f] 5 . kgf}tL ahf/, s'zfb]jL, 7f8f]af6f], 6f}vfn, vf]kf;L hfg] k'n nufotsf :yfgdf /flvPsf Sofd]/fx?sf] d'Vo dlg6/ k|x/L rf}sL kgf}tLdf /flvPsf] 5 . pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf] & nfv %) xhf/ / gu/kflnsfsf] !% nfv nufgLdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] Sofd]/fx? yk j8fdf klg lj:tf/ ul/g] gu/ k|dv ' led Gof}kfg]n] atfP . gLlh If]q;Fusf] ;xsfo{df a;kfs{ lgdf{0f tyf cGo ljsf;sf sfo{x?df ;fem]bf/ ug{ gu/kflnsf tof/ /x]sf] Gof}kfg]n] atfP . pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf ef]nf yfkfn] gu/sf] ;'/Iff / k|ljlwsf]

k|of]udf pBf]u afl0fHo ;3n] ;xof]u u/]sf] atfP . cfufdL lbgdf gu/kflnsf ;Fusf] ;xsfo{df o:tf sfo{x? cuf8L a9fO{g] yfkfn] atfP . k|dv ' lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0faxfb'/ /fptsf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} /fptn] ljsl;t b]zx?df Sofd]/fsf] k|of]un] zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{ tyf hgzlQmsf] sd k|of]u u/L k|ljlwsf] k|of]uaf6 d'ns ' n] w]/} nfe lng ;s]sf] pbfx/0f /x]sf] atfP . g]kfndf klg l;l; Sofd]/fsf] k|of]un] ck/fw cg';Gwfg / hgzlQsf] Aoj:yfkgdf ;xof]u k'Ug] /fptn] atfP . sfo{qmddf k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] ck/fw Go'lgs/0fdf tyf gful/snfO{ zflGt sfod ePsf] cg'e'lt lbnfpg kgf}tLdf /flvPsf Sofd]/fx? ;xof]uL aGg] atfP . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3 sfe|]sf pkfWoIf /fh]Gb| k;FIf], gu/ pkfWoIf ;'bz{g ;'j]bL, ;lrj dx]z kf}8\ofn nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . Sofd]/fx?sf] lgoldt ;+rfng tyf dd{t ;Def/sf nflu cnUu} sf]if lgdf{0f ug{ aQmfx?n] ;'emfj lbPsf lyP .

a|Dxs'df/L /fhof]u ;]jf s]Gb| w'lnv]nsf] k|jrg

w'lnv]n÷a|Dxs'df/L /fhof]u ;]jf s]Gb| w'lnv]nn] ljhof bzdL tyf z'e lbkfjnLsf] cj;/df cfTWoflTds k|jrg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . cf]dzflGt ejgdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf cfTWoflTds If]qdf s[oflzn AolQm?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . a|Dxs'df/L nIdL lbbLsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sf+u;]| sf s]lGb|o ;b:o lzjk|;fb x'dfufO{sf] k|dv ' cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;efklt dw'k;| fb cfrfo{, If]lqo ;efklt /d]z x'dfufO{, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf /d]z Gof}kfg], w'lnv]n g]kfnL sfFu;]| sf ;efklt hLts[i0f l3gf+h," g]kfnL sfFu;]| dxf;+3sf ;b:o nLnf g]kfn nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf af]Nb} s]lGb|o ;b:o x'dfufO{n] cfTWoflTds k|jrg tyf ljrf/n] ;dfhdf zflGt sfod ug{ d2t k'Ug] atfP . ;dfh rfl/lqs ?kn] e|i6 x'bF } uPsf] cj:yfdf o:tf k|jrgn] ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z lbg] x'dfufO{n] atfP . ;f]lx cj;/df ;]jf s]Gb|sf lji0f' a8fn / a|Dxs'df/L ;ljtf /]UdL / a|Dxs'df/ ljhok|sfz >]i7n] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . ljZjdf ! ;o $) b]zdf ( xhf/ % ;o a|Dxs'df/ /fhof]u ;]jf s]Gb| ;+rfng ePsf] / sfe|] lhNnfdf @ j6f ;]jf s]Gb| / @% j6f hlt pk;]jf s]Gb| / uLtf kf7zfnf /x]sf], ! xhf/ hgfn] b}lgs k|jrg ;'Gg] u/]sf], ToxfF g}lts lzIff / ;sf/fTds ;f]r ;fy} rl/q lgdf{0f ;DaGwL 1fg km}nfpg] sfo{ ug{] u/]sf] ;+:yfn] atfP . sfo{qmd ;+rfng a|Dxs'df/L /~h' g]kfnn] u/]sL lyOg\

s] tkfO{ cfˆgf] wf/f af]l/Ë, jf Ogf/sf] kfgLdf xflgsf/s lhjf0f', cfO/g, uGw / wldnf]kgfsf] sf/0fn] ljleGg ;d:ofx? ef]lu/xg' ePsf] t 5}g < pQm ;d:ofx?sf] k|efjsf/L ;dfwfg– 3/ 3/df afof]:of08 lkmN6/ h8fg sfe|k] nfGrf]s lhNnfdf klxnf] k6s Sofg]l8og k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t afof]:of08 lkmN6/ cfkm' / cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] :j:y hLjgsf] nflu ;w}+ ;r]t /xf},+ cfˆgf] 3/ tyf sfof{nodf cfh}bl] v ;'/lIft kfgLsf] ;'lglZrt u/f}+ .

!) jif{sf] jf/]G6Lsf] ;fydf, cToGt} k|efjsf/L, ;lhnf], ;:tf] / cfsif{s kfgL z'l4s/0f ug]{ lkmN6/ tkfO{sf] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fgf] -@$ ln6/ k|lt 306f_ / 7"nf] -@)) ln6/ k|lt 306f_ cfsf/sf] afof]:of08 lkmN6/sf] af/]df yk hfgsf/Lsf ;fy} lkmN6/ h8fgsf] nflu tnsf] gDa/df t'?Gt} ;Dks{ ug'x{ f]nf .

v'zL afof]:of08 lkmN6/ pBf]u (*^($!$#%%

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

w'lnv]ndf o:tf] x'G5 bz}+ ljz]if cfgGb;fu/ >]i7÷w'lnv]n cfsfz e}/j Snj w'lnv]n] ljhof bzdLsf] cj;/ kf/]/ ljleGg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . c;f]h @# ut] dxfg lhDdf nufpg] sfo{qmdaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmd sflt{s ^ ut] ;dfkg x'g] cWoIf hof]h gl;{Ë l3gfËh'n] atfP .

36:yfkgfsf lbg c;f]h @$ ut] hd/f /fVg], Sjfrf :S'ndf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . c;f]h #) ut] km'nkftLsf lbg v8\u k'hf, ;/:jtL ahf/df af]sf anL k'hf, dxfc:6dLdf c;f]h #! ut] eujtL dlGb/df af]sf anL, xl/l;4L :s'ndf sfn/fqL af]sf anL x'g]5 . dxfgjdL sflt{s ! ut] eujtL dlGb/df af]sf anL, xl/l;4L dlGb/df af]sf anL, SjfRrf d]-/fFuf_ anL ;Fu}

/fFuf sf6\g] AolQmsf] 3/df k|;fb lbg]5 . ljhofbzdLsf] lbg l6sf u|x0f, hd/f lj;{hg, /y 8anLaf6 eujtL dlGb/df k'¥ofpg], v8= hfqf, /ydf af]sf anL, /ynfO{ eujtL dlGb/af6 rf]R5] u0f]z dlGb/df k'¥ofO{g] 5 . PsfbzLsf] lbg /ynfO{ rf]R5]af6 gf/fo0f:yfg k' ¥ ofpg] , /ynfO{ gf/fo0f:yfg dlGb/af6 xl/l;4 :'s'n;Dd k'¥ofpg] h;df dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf x'g]5 . lbof] k'hf, /ynfO{ xl/l;4L :s'n b]lv nvg8jnL ;Dd k'¥ofpg], eujtL d'lt{nfO{ nvg8jnL b]lv vfFIf] kl/jf/sf] 3/ ;Dd k'¥ofpg] sfo{qmd 5 . rt'bzL{sf lbg eujtLsf] d'lt{nfO{ oyf:yfgdf /fVg af]sf anL u/L ljleGg :yfgdf k|;fb ljt/0f ul/g]5 .

ahf/ cg'udg lta|, pkef]QmfnfO{ /fxt

jif{ @$ c+s %) @)&% c;f]h @% ut] ljxLjf/

t]hu+uf :jljo'n] u¥of] ljz]if sfo{qmd

kgft}L÷th]uu+f axd'v ' L SofDk; :jtGq ljBfyL{ ol'gogn] ljhof bzdL tyf ze' lbkfjnLsf] cj;/ kf/L ze'sfdgf cfbfg kb|fg tyf gofF egf{ ePsf ljBfyLx{?nfO{ :jfut u/s ] f] 5 . :jljo' ;efklt /fhz ] yfkfsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfoq{mddf gu/kflnsf pkkd|v ' lutf a~hf/f kd|v ' cltyL lyOg{\ . sfoq{mddf afN]b} kd|v ' cltyL a~hf/fn] th]u+uf SofDk;n] kgft}L / cf;kf;sf Ifq]df k¥'ofPsf] lzIffsf] ofu]bfgsf] rrf{ ub}{ kf|ljlws lzIff / ljBfyLx{?nfO{ gl}ts tyf Aojjxfl/s lzIff pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ atfOg{\ . ;:+yfks SofDk; kd|v ' 8f= cDae'jfgL sfsLn{] ljBfyLx{?sf] rfxgf /

lxt cgs ' n' ;dfofg;'f/ lzIffnfO{ u0'ffTds agfpbF} nus ] f] atfOg{\ . sfoq{mddf gk]fn kqsf/ dxf;3+ sfe]| zfvf cWoIf dft]L/fd ltdlN;gf, kf|Wofks rGbd|0fL sfkmn\,] ;r + fns ;ldlt pkfWoIf /fhf/fd ;h},' kj'{ :jljo' ;efklt bj]sL xd'fufO,{ cg/]f:jljo' sfes ]| f cWoIf pkG]b| zdf,{ :jljo' cWoIf /fhz ] yfkf, pkfWoIf oj'/fh bfxfn, ;lrj ljsf; ltdlN;gf nufotn] dGtAo /fvs ] f lyP . ljBfyLx{?n] ze'sfdgf cfbfg kb|fgsf ;fy} ljzi]f ;f:+sl[ts sfoq{md dfkmt{ kl|tef k:|km6'g u/s ] f lyP . th]uu+f :jljon'] x/s ] jif{ o:tf sfoq{mdx?sf] cfofh]gf ub}{ cfPsf] cWoIf /fhz ] yfkfn] atfP .

k|ult k|eftdf :jfut / ljbfO{

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Zj]t af/fx o'jf Snjsf] hghfu[ltsf] !( cf}+ ;ef ;DkGg pTs[i6 s[ifsnfO{ :k|] k|bfg ljBfyL{nfO{ z}lIfs ;fdfu|L 6'sr ' f÷Zj]t af/fx o'jf Snj gfnf 6'sr ' fsf] t]>f] aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef tyf z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg sfo{qmd, :6]zg/L ljt/0f sfo{qmd d+unaf/ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;3+ sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gfsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pkfWoIf gj/fh l3dL/]sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltyL cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gfn] ;dfhsf] ljsf; / ;'wf/sf nflu o'jf Snjsf] ;lqmotf cfjZos /x]sf] atfP . o'jf Snjsf] dfWodaf6 ljBfyL{x? tyf ;dfhsf] r]tgf clea[4L u/L ;dfh lgdf{0fdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg ug{ ;lsg] ltdlN;gfn] atfP . Zj]t af/fx o'jf Snjn] ;dfh ljsf;sf nflu ljleGg ;dodf ;dflhs sfo{ ub{} cfPsf] pkfWoIf gj/fh l3dL/n] atfP . Zj]t af/fx dflj;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ub{} cfPsf] Snjn] bz}sf] z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg tyf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ :6]zg/L ljt/0f u/]sf] lyof] . ljBfnodf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ v]Ng] z}lIfs ;fdfu|L ;d]t ;f]lx cj;/df ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf o'jf ;+3 g]kfnsf

s]lGb|o g]tf cldt nfdfn] o'jfx?sf] ljsf; / ;Dj[4Lsf nflu Snjx? h:tf] ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfn] cleofg z'? ug{' kg{] atfP . o'jfx? ljs[tLdf nfUg glbg /rgfTds s[ofsnfkdf Snjn] sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug{] / o'jfx?nfO{ ;d]6b\ } hfg' kg{] atfP . sfo{qmddf o'jf g]tf xl/b]j lu/L, ;fu/ /fodfemL, sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf ;lrj /ljGb| a}bf/, ufos /fdx/L Gof}kfg], ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks hLjg e08f/L nufotn] Snjsf ultljlwx? ;Gtf]ifhgs ePsf] atfPsf lyP . ;b:o lbg]z l3dL/]sf] :jfut dGtAo /x]sf] sfo{qmd af;' l3dL/]n] ;+rfng u/]sf lyP . ljBfnodf cWoog/t ! ;o !$ hgf afnaflnsfx?sf nflu Aofu tyf cGo z}lIfs ;fdfu|L ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;3+sf cWoIf ltdlN;gf / pgsf efO{ nId0f ltdlN;gfn] hGd lbgsf] cj;/df pQm ;fdfu|L ;xof]u u/]sf lyP eg] rf}w/L u|k' sf] l;hL u|k' af6 klg Aofu nufotsf ;fdfu|Lx? pknAw u/fO{Psf] lyof] . u|k' sf tkm{af6 cflifz a/fn, ;'/]Gb| vgfn nufotn] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ Aofu ljt/0f u/]sf lyP .

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lji0f'k|;fb a8fnsf] cfltYotf ;DkGg ePsf] ;f] tflnddf @( hgfsf] ;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] . tflnddf lwtf] dN'ofÍg ubf{ ljzi]ft Wofg lbgk'g{] kf|ljlws Pj+ Jojxfl/s kf6f, lwtf] dN'ofÍgsf nfuL 3/ hUuf l:jsf/ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg{] gLlt ljwL, ;do l;dfsf af/d]f ;fy} kl|jlwsf] ;fy lnO{ dfj]fOn PK; tyf sDKo6'/ af6 s;/L 3/ hUufsf] ul0flto gfk hfr F sf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ sfen]|L gfkL kz ] fsld{ ;dfhsf tkma{f6 lj:tt[ kl|zIf0f kb|fg ul/Psf] ;f] tflndsf] bf;]f|] lbg ;xefuLx?nfO{ lkmN8df nuL @ lbgsf] tflndsf sd|df kb|fg ul/Psf l;ksf cfwf/df lsQf klxrfg ug,{ To;sf] Ifq]kmn lgsfNg / kh"fs { f cfwf/df hUuf ku'] gku's ] f] rs ] hfr F ug{ ;dt] nufOP{sf] lyof] .

z'esfdgf ;d:t g]kfnLx?sf] dxfg rf8 z'e ljhof bzdL, z'e lbkfjnL, 57 kj{ @)&% sf] kfjg cj;/df ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{, cleefjs, lj=Jo=;=, lz=c=;+, ;fy} lzIff ;Fu ;/f]sf/ /fVg] ;+3;+:yf, Pj+ lzIffk|]dL, lzIfs dxfg'efjx?df ;'v, zflGt, ;d[l4, ;':jf:Yo Pj+ pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

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ljhof bzdL, z'e lbkfjnL tyf 57 kj{ @)&% sf] kfjg cj;/df ;d:t g]kfnL bfh'efO{ lbbLalxgLx?df ;'v, zflGt, ;d[l4 Pj+ pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

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nf]saxfb'/ yfkf÷w'lnv]n hghfu[lt t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] !( cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ut zlgjf/ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]ss'df/ Jof~h"sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf cWoIf /fh' du/n] ;+:yf ln=sf] jflif{s gLlt tyf sfo{qmd k]z u/]sf lyP . gLlt tyf sfo{qmd k]z ug{] qmddf pgn] lgs6 eljiod} o'P;PcfO8L ls;fg6' kl/of]hgfdf ;+:yfn] ;fem]bf/L u/L lbuf] s[lif pkh pTkfbgdf a9fjf lbb} cl3 a9\g] of]hgf /x]sf] atfP . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf ;lrj k[YjLdfg tfdfªn] jflif{s k|ltj]bg, sf]iffWoIf w'jk{ ;| fb k/fh'nLn] cfly{s k|ltj]bg Pj+ n]vf tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf ;+of]hs lji0f'xl/ kf}8]nn] n]vf tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltly Jof~h"n] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf If]q leqsf s[ifsx?sf] lxtsf nflu pNn]Vo ah]6 5'6o\ fPsf] atfP . pgn] ut jif{ em} o; jif{ klg gu/sf ls;fgx?nfO{ ! ;o eGbf a9L 6«ofS6/ ljt/0f ug{] of]hgf /x]sf] atfP .

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To;}u/L gu/kflnsfn] s[lif If]qdf cfd"n kl/jt{g ug{sf] nflu gu/kflnsfn] ;Sbf] ;xof]u ug{] pgn] atfP . sfo{qmdsf csf{ ljlzi6 cltly w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf pkk|dv ' ljdnf zdf{n] cfkm" klg ;fgf] Joj;foaf6 ;'? u/L xfn g]kfnsf ljleGg :yfgdf 7"nf] Joj;fo ;+rfng ug{ ;kmn ePsf] atfpFb} s[ifsx?nfO{ ;fg}af6 cfkm\gf] Joj;fo ug{ pT;fx lbPsf lyP . ;+:yf ln=sf cWoIf /fh' du/sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf pkk|dv ' ljdnf zdf{, s]Gb|Lo t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n ;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ ;+:yf ln=sf ;Nnfxsf/ ljgf]b k/fh'nL, k|tfkl;+ nfdf tyf ;+:yf ln=sf ;+rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L nufotsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf @)&$ ;fnsf] P;O{O{df pTs[i6 c+s NofO{ pQL0f{ x'g ;kmn ;+:yf ln=sf z]o/ ;b:osf 5f]/f5f]/LdWo]af6 ;/sf/L ljBfnoaf6 /]vf 9sfn / ldzg >]i7 tyf ;fd'bflos ljBfnoaf6 clgn tfdfª, clgzf tfdfª / clgtf tfdfªnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf pTs[i6 z]o/ vl/b k'/:sf/, pTs[i6 lgoldt artstf{, pTs[i6 cfsl:ds artstf{, pTs[i6 cfjlws artstf{ / pTs[i6 b}lgs artstf{, pTs[i6 z]o/ ;b:o clestf{, ;jf{]s[i6 C0fLnfO k'/:s[t ul/Psf] lyof] . ;Ddfg ug{] qmddf ;+:yf ln=sf pTs[i6 * hgf s[ifsx?nfO{ ljiffbL 5s{g] :k|] tyf k|df0fkqn] ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+rfng gfgL/fd lwtfnn] u/]sf lyP .

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z'esfdgf ljhof bzdL, z'e lbkfjnL tyf 57 kj{ @)&% sf] kfjg cj;/df ;d:t g]kfnL bfh'efO{ lbbLalxgLx?df ;'v, zflGt, ;d[l4 Pj+ pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ . gLn sdn On]S6«f]lgS; kl/jf/

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lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno cu{gfOh]zg g]kfn -KofA;g_ ag]kf gu/sf] k|yd clwj]zgaf6 s'df/ dfgGw/ ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf ;lrj z/0fs'df/ dfgGw/, sf]iffWoIf e'kfn b]jfg, ;b:ox?df dx]Gb| lji6, /Tgs'z /lGht, ;/:jtL e't]{n / h]g afb] lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df jxfFnufot lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ sfo{;ldltnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

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c?0f sdf{rfo{

lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno cu{gfOh]zg g]kfn -KofA;g_ kgf}tL gu/sf] k|yd clwj]zgaf6 c?0f sdf{rfo{ / ag]kf gu/sf] k|yd clwj]zgaf6 s'df/ dfgGw/ ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df jxfFnufot lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ sfo{;ldltnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

e'sDk k|lt/f]wL / alnof] 3/sf] l8hfO{g, af6f], k'n, vfg]kgL cfof]hgf, s'nf], gx/, ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs sfof{no eagx?, xfO8«f]kfj/ cfbL tkfO{+sf] cfˆg} 3/ h:tf] alnof] / ;'/lIft xf];\ eGg] rfxg'x'G5 eg] xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ . xfdL ;Dk"0f{ ef}lts ;+/rgfx?sf] bIf O{lGhlgo/x?åf/f l8hfO{g tyf lgdf{0f ub{5f} .

xflbs { awfO{ km\nf]l/sNr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfn sfe|] zfvfsf] & cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 xfd|f cfTdLo ldq jL/]Gb| axfb'/ >]i7 ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df jxfFnufot lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ sfo{;ldltnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

;fyLx? /fds[i0f k|wfg hos[i0f /l~ht ab|L ltdlN;gf afbn k|wfg /fdhL s];L

xflbs { awfO{

xflbs { awfO{

km\nf]l/sNr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfn sfe|] zfvfsf] & cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 jL/]Gb| axfb'/ >]i7 ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df jxfFnufot lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ sfo{;ldltnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

km\nf]l/sNr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfn sfe|] zfvfsf] & cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 jL/]Gb| axfb'/ >]i7 ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df jxfFnufot lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ sfo{;ldltnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

j;Gtaxfb'/ yfkf

d~h's'df/ >]i7

k|f]kfO6/

hfnkfb]jL sG6«S;g k|f=ln= kl/jf/ w'lnv]n $, sfe|]

xflbs { awfO{

cWoIf

w'lnv]n pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 kl/jf/ w'lnv]n, sfe|]

8fOgflds o'jf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] bzf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 cWoIfdf dfwj l;Ub]n, jl/i7 pkfWoIf k'?iff]Qd ahufO,{ pkfWoIf gj/fh ahufO,{ ;lrj pk]Gb| bfxfn, ;x;lrj a'l4s[i0f l3ld/,] sf]iffWoIf uf}td >]i7 tyf ;b:ox?df >Lw/ k/fh'nL, u+uf bfxfn, u'0f/fh bfxfn, nId0f >]i7, a'l4dfg tfdfª Pj+ n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf e'jg >]i7 / ;b:ox? pd]z bfxfn / /fhs'df/ bfxfn lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

/d]z bfxfn Joj:yfks tyf

8fOgflds o'jf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sd{rf/L kl/jf/, ag]kf $, sfe|]

xflbs { awfO{ km\nf]l/sNr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfn sfe|] zfvfsf] & cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 jL/]Gb| axfb'/ >]i7 ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df jxfFnufot lgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ sfo{;ldltnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

bof/fd dxt

8f= xl/s[i0f yfkf

lxdfno e]6]l/g/L lSnlgs P08 Nofa kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

o'jf ;fsf];n] u¥of] h]i7 gful/s ;Ddfg / l/S;f x:tfGt/0f

ag]kf÷36:yfkgfsf] cj;/ kf/L ag]kfdf /x]sf] o'jf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] z]o/ ;b:o h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 . hi]7 gful/snfO{ bl}gs hLjgdf cfjZos kg]{ ;a} ;fdfuL| ;Ddfgsf ;fy pknAw u/fOP{sf] lyof] . lhNnf ;xsf/L ;3+sf cWoIf ljgfb] k/fhn'Lsf] kd|v ' cfltYotf tyf gk]fn kqsf/ dxf;3+ sfe]| zfvfsf cWoIf dft]L/fd ltdlN;gfsf] ljzi]f cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfoq{mddf hi]7 gful/sx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ub}{ ;xsf/Lx?n] ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj axg u/L pbf/0fLo sfo{ u/s ] f] atfPsf lyP . sfoq{mddf afN]b} kd|v ' cltyL k/fhn'Ln] ;b:ox?sf] ;jfl{Ë0f ljsf; ;xsf/Lsf] dn' pbZ]o /xs ] fn] ;xsf/Lx?n] ;xsf/L kl|tsf] hfu/0f Nofpg] atfP . ljz]if cltyL ltdlN;gfn] ;xsf/Lx?n] u/]sf] h]i7 gful/s ;Ddfg sfo{qmdn] ;dfhdf h]i7 gful/sx? k|lt ul/g] Aojxf/nfO{ ;d]t yk lhDd]jf/Laf]w u/fpg] atfP . cWoIf pbo/fd sfoZy,

sNof0fsf/L pk ;ldltsf ;+of]hs k'?iff]td zdf{n] ;xsf/Ln] z]o/ ;b:ox?sf nflu ;do ;dodf o:tf sfo{qmx? ub{} cfPsf] atfP . ;+:yfdf cfj4 &) jif{ pd]/ k'us ] f $# hgf h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . l/S;f x:tfGt/0f o'jf ;fsf];df cfj4 eO{ Go'g cfo :t/ ePsf z]o/ ;b:o slkn yfkfnfO{ ;+:yfn] ljgf Aofhdf #) xhf/ C0f nufgL u/L l/S;f vl/b ul/lbPsf] 5 . yfkfn] lnPsf] C0fsf] Aofh ltg{' kb{g} . pgn] l/S;faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLsf] b}lgs Ps ;o b]lv ! ;o %) ?k}of ;Dd hDdf ug{5 ] g\ . l/S;f ef8fdf lnP/ rnfpFb} cfPsf yfkfn] ef8f ltg{] k};f ;xsf/Ldf lt/]/ ^ dlxgfd} l/S;f cfkm\gf] agfpg] 5g\ . ;xsf/Ln] ul/jnfO{ ;Dj[4 agfpg ;xsf/Lsf] pb]Zo / dd{ cg';f/sf] sfo{ u/]sf] cWoIf pbo/fd sfoZyn] atfP . sfo{ q mddf ;xsf/Lsf ;+rfnsx?, ljleGg pk ;ldltsf ;b:ox? ;xeflu lyP .

/fwfs[i0fsf] bz}+ sfo{qmd ag]kf÷/fwfs[i0f art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8n] ljhof bzdLsf] cj;/ kf/L ;+:yfsf z'e lrGts, ;Nnfxsf/, z] o / ;b:o tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx? aLr z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . k|bz ] ;ef ;f+;bx? nId0f nD;fn, a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{, ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ & sf cWoIf a0f{ zfSo, j8f gDj/ % sf cWoIf an/fd

clwsf/L nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] pQm sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf cWoIf sdn clwsf/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm ;xsf/Ln] z]o/ ;b:ox?sf nflu ljleGg If]qdf C0f nufgL u/L artsf] ;'/Iff k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .

Aoj;foLs ?kdf ;b:ox?nfO{ cfly{s ?kn] ;Ifd agfpg ;xsf/Ln] ljz]if e"ldsf v]Nb} cfPsf] ;f]lx cj;/df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] .

wg]Zj/L ax'pb]lZoosf] !* cf} ;ef ag]kf÷wg]Zj/L ax'pb]lZoo ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 ag]kfsf] !* cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ & sf cWoIf j0f{ zfSosf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf alb|k|;fb knf~rf]s]sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf j8f ;b:ox? nufot ljleGg ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . s}nfz knf~rf]s]n] ;+rfng u/]sf] ;efdf ;lrj Zofds'df/ efn'n] aflif{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP eg] sf]iffWoIf pd]z/Tg

zfSon] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . n]vf ;ldlt k|ltj]bg ;+of]hs ;'/]zeQm ef]lIfef]ofn] k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;+:yfsf] z]o/ k'FhL &$ nfv ^^ xhf/ ( ;o, art /sd ^ s/f]8 $^ nfv &$ xhf/, C0f nufgL ^% s/f]8 &* nfv !* xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . ;f]lx cj;/df pTs[i6 AolQmx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;xsf/Ln] ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj cGt{ut ljleGg ;dodf sfo{qmdx? ub{} cfPsf] k|jGws ej;fu/ /l~htn] atfP .

ljBf ;fu/df afn k|ltefsf] k|lt:kwf{ ag] k f÷ag] k fdf /x] s f] ljBf;fu/ c+u|]hL dfWoflds ljBfnon] ljBf;fu/ afn k|ltef k|lt:kwf{ Pj+ v'Nnf l8:ufOh k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . jfn k| l tef cGtu{ t sIff $ ;Ddsf ljBfyL{ n ] cfkm' d f ePsf k| l tefx? k| : t' t u/] s f lyP . jfn k| l tef k| l t:kwf{ tLg r/0fdf ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . klxnf] r/0fdf ljBfyL{ x ?sf] kl/ro u/fOPsf] lyof] . o;af6 5gf} 6 ePsf ljBfyL{ bf] ; | f ] r/0fdf k| j ] z u/] s f lyP . bf] ; | f ] r/0fdf ljBfyL{ n ] lut, g[ T o nufotsf k| : t' t L lbPsf lyP eg] t] ; | f ] r/0fdf ljBfyL{ n fO{ ljleGg k| Z g ;f] l wPsf] lyof] tLgj6} r/0fdf /fd| f ] ug] { dWo] a f6 #÷# hgf 5fq5fqf ljh] t f ePsf lyP .

ag]kf÷g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7g sfe|]n] @% cf} ljZj lzIfs lbj; tyf 36:yfgfsf] cj;/ kf/]/ ljhof bzdLsf] cj;/df z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . cWoIf Zofdk|;fb kf08]osf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfn /fli6«o

lzIfs ;+u7gsf s]lGb|o pkfWoIf Pj+ k|b]z OGrfh{ lji0f'k|;fb kf]v/]nsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7gsf k'j{ s]lGb|o cWoIf dfwj clwsf/L tyf ljleGg txsf lzIfs g]tfx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . :yfgLo tx cg';f/ lzIfs ;+u7g lj:tf/ ePsf] / ;+u7gx? s[oflzn x'g' kg{]df lzIfs g]tfx?n] hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ .

cfjZostf klxnf]k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&%÷^÷@#

lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{No lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo O{sfO{ w'lnv]n sfe|]sf] k=g+= $@% ldlt @)&% c;f]h @@ ut] kq cg';f/ o; ljBfnodf @)&% c;f]h @# ut] a;]sf] ljJo;sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o adf]lhd pdflj tx cg'bfg sf]6fsf] :jf:Yo tyf zfl//Ls ljifosf] tkl;n cg';f/sf] lzIfs kb s/f/df kbk"lt{ ug{'kg{] ePsf]n] tkl;n adf]lhd g]kfnL gful/sx?af6 tf]lsPsf] ldltleq l/tk"j{ssf] b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/Psf] 5 .

!= kb M pdflj cg'bfg sf]6f @= ljifo M :jf:Yo tyf zfl//Ls #= pd]/ M !* jif{ pd]/ k'/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] %= Go'gtd zf}lIfs of]Uotf M :jf:Yo tyf zfl//Ls d"n ljifo lnO{ :gftsf]Q/ tx l4tLo tyf dflj txsf] cWofkg cg'dlt kq k|fKt tna :s]n M g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|rlnt lgodfg';f/ ^=b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&% c;f]h @% b]lv sflt{s !! ut];Dd -ljBfno ;do;Dd_ &= k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{ *= k/LIff b:t'/ M ?= !)))÷– !)= ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&% sflt{s !! (= k/LIff / cGtjf{tf ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltsf] lbg hfgsf/L u/fOg] 5 . cfjZos sfuhkq != g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk @= z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk #= cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk $= tflnd cg'ejsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk %= x:tlnlvt lgj]bg ^= lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu ljbfsf lbg afx]s ljxfg !) ah] b]lv $ ah] ;Dd ljBfnodf jf df]jfOn g+= (*$$($!$%&^, (*$!&@(^^@ df ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf .

k|wfgfWofks

>L hgsNof0f dfWolds ljBfno dxfef/t ufkf–*, sfe]|knf~rf]s

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.^.@!

:j= s[i0fb]jL kf]6] o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;+:yfks cWoIf :jodsfhL kf]6]sf] ddtfdoL dftf s[i0fb]jL kf]6s ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] x'Fbf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}F .

zld{nf k|wfg ;lrj

Pstf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ ag]kf *, sfe|]

o:t} v' N nf l8:ufOh k| l t:kwf{ d f ljBfyL{ n ] ljleGg ?k wf/0f u/L cfkm\ g f] snf k| : t' t u/] s f lyP . pgLx?n] ljleGg hfthfltsf] kl/ro emNsg] e] i fe' i ff, dw] ; L ;d' b fosf] k| l tlglwTj ug] { efiff tyf sk8f, ;dfhsf ultljlwsf] lrq0f ug] { ljleGg k| : t' t L lbPsf lyP . pQm sfo{qmddf ld; sfe|] @)&% ljh]tf ?ljnf >]i7 d'Vo lg0ff{Pssf] ?kdf /x]sL lyOg\ . ljh]tf ljBfyL{nfO{ k|frfo{ lx/f zdf{ g]kfn / lzIfs ljgo du|ftLn] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . ljBf;fu/ ljBfnon] ljBfyL{sf] JolQmTj ljsf; tyf k|ltef k|:km'6gsf nflu cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk ;Fu} cGo ljljw sfo{qmd ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

lzIfs ;+u7gsf] z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !((@.^.@

jif{ @$ c+s %) @)&% c;f]h @% ut] ljxLjf/

w'lnv]ndf z'? eof] bf]>f] d]o/ sk w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfdf cfsfz e}/j Snjsf] cfof]hgfdf bf]>f] d]o/ sk km'6an k|ltof]lutf z'? ePsf] 5 . lxhf]af6 z'? ePsf] k|ltof]lutfsf] gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . k|ltof]lutfdf !! j6f j8fsf !@ l6d ;xeflu 5g\ . j8f gDj/ ! sf] l6d ;xeflu ePg eg] j8f gDj/ $ af6 b'O{j6f l6d ;xeflu ePsf 5g\ . cWoIf hof]h gl;{Ë >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ljhofbzdL tyf z'e lbkfjnLsf] z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . c;f]h @( ut] ;dfkg x'g] k|ltof]lutfdf ljhoL x'g] l6dnfO{ #) xhf/ / bf]>f] l6dnfO{ gub !% xhf/ pknAw u/fO{g] cfof]hsn] atfPsf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] k|ltof]lutfnfO{ k|fljlws ;xof]u sfe|] lhNnf km'6an ;+un] u/]sf] 5 . ut jif{ b]lv z'? ePsf] d]o/ sk cfufdL jif{df klg lg/Gt/ x'g] atfO{Psf] 5 . k|ltof]lutfsf] pb\3f6gdf pkk|d'v ljdnf zdf{, j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{kflnsf ;b:ox? nufotsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . k|ltof]lutfsf] klxnf] lbg j8f gDj/ * / j8f gDj/ $ tyf j8f gDj/ ( / j8f gDj/ !@ aLr k|lt:kwf{ ePsf] lyof] . a'waf/ ePsf] klxnf] v]ndf j8f g+= $ / * ePsf] v]ndf j8f g+= $ n] j8f g+= * nfO{ @ sf lj?4 ! n] k/flht u/]sf] 5 eg] To;}u/L j8f g+= ( / !@ aLr ePsf] bf];|f] v]ndf j8f g+= ( n] j8f g+= !@ nfO{ @ sf lj?4 ! uf]nn] k/flht u/]sf] 5 . ;f]lx lbg ePsf] t];|f] v]ndf j8f g+= $ aL / j8f g+= % aLr ePsf] v]ndf j8f g+= $ aLn] j8f g+= % nfO{ @–! n] k/flht u/]sf] hfgsf/L cfgGb;fu/ ouf]nn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ .

/f]zL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+= ln= kgf}tL –)^, gdf]a4' /f]8

@% cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DaGwL ;"rgf o; ;+:yfsf] ldlt @)&%.)%.@( ut]sf lbg a;]sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ lgDg laifox?df 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o ug{ lgDg ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf @% cf}F aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef a:g] ePsf]n] ;b:o dfgefjx?nfO{ pkl:ytsf] nflu kq k7fO;lsPsf] 5 olb kq k|fKt gePdf o;} ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;efdf pkl:yt eO{lbg'xg' xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' .

5nkmnsf ljifox?

– cf=j= )&$÷)&% sf] ;lrjsf] ;+lIfKt jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg tyf cf=j= )&%.)&^ sf] sfo{qmd ;DaGwdf .= – cf=j= )&$.)&% sf] sf]iffWoIfsf] ;+lIfKt jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg z]o/ nfef+z ljt/0f k|:tfj tyf cf=j, )&%.)&^ sf] k|:tfljt jh]6 tyf sfo{qmd / lqjifL{o Joj;flos sfo{of]hgf ;DaGwdf .

– cf=j= )&$.)&% sf] n]vf ;ldlt / afXo n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;DaGwdf .

– cf=j= )&% .)&^ sf] n]vf kl/Ifs lgo'lQm / kf/L>dLs ;DaGwdf .

– ljwfg ;;f]wg ;DaGwdf .

– lg0f{o k'l:tsfdf x:tfIf/ ug{ k|ltlglw lgo'lQm ;DaGwdf . sfo{qmd M ldlt M— @)&% cflZjg @& ut] zlgjf/ :yfg M— sfo{no ejg -lbuDa/ >]i7_ ;do M— !)M)) ah] b]lv

>Lv08k'/ o'jf ;d"x w'lnv]n, >Lv08k'/, sfe|]

xflb{s lgdGq0ff o; >Lv08k'/ o'jf ;d"xsf] ldlt @)&% c;f]h !* ut] a;]sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o adf]lhd w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|dv ' >L czf]ss'df/ Jof~h" >]i7Ho"nfO{ g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf] cWoIf / g]kfnsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{} O08f]gl] ;ofdf ;DkGg ;ftf}+ o'l;PnhL P:kfsdf pkfWoIf h:tf] ul/dfdo kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf]df o; ;d"xaf6 ;Ddfg sfo{qmd ul/g] ePsfn] pkl:yltsf nflu xflb{s lgdGq0ff ub{5f}+ . sfo{qmd ldlt M @)&% c;f]h @& ut] zlgjf/ ;do M ljxfg !) ah] :yfg M e}/j:yfg, >Lv08k'/

cWoIf ej;fu/ /+lhtsf/ >Lv08k'/ o'jf ;d"x

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !((@.^.@

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.^.@!

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1fg]Gb| >]i7 lht]Gb| gsdL{ k|1f gsdL{ cdg kf]6] >]i7 kbd;'Gb/ >]i7 ;'ljg dfgGw/ /fhs'df/ vfl5ef]of ljqmd k|hfklt ;'j/fh k|wfg b]jf dfgGw/ ag]kf,sfe|]

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zf/bfatf;]df h]i7 gful/s / Psn dlxnf ;Ddfg j[4j[4f / Psn dlxnfsf] cleefjssf] ?kdf /x]sf] atfP . pgn]] Oltxf; af]s]sf h]i7 gful/s / c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fdf dxTjk'0f{ e'ldsf v]Ng] Psn dlxnfnfO{ ;a}n] ;Ddfg ug'{kg]{ atfP . o:t} pk k|d'v ljdnf zdf{n] s'g} cj;/ kf/]/ dfq geO{ Jojxf/ af6 g} ;w} h]i7 gful/s / Psn dlxnfnfO{ ;Ddflgt ePsf] dx;'; u/fpg'kg]{ atfOg\ . j8f cWoIf k'ik/fh /fptn] cfFug k/b]z, eof{ª kxf8 ePsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf h]i7 gful/s ;Fu ulx/f] ;DaGw agfpg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfP . hgk|ltlglw lgjf{lrt eP/ cfPkl5 x/]s jif{ ul/Fb} cfPsf] ;Ddfg sfo{qmdnfO{ cfufdL lbgdf klg lg/Gt/tf lbg] /fptn] atfP .

w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !) n] Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L h]i7 gful/s tyf Psn dlxnfnfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf j8f leqsf && hgf h]i7 gful/s / ^* hgf Psn dlxnf ul/ ! ;o $% hgfnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;Ddfg sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|dv ' czf]s Aof~h'sf] k|dv ' cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] eg] pk k|dv ' ljdnf zdf{ rf}nfufFOsf] ljz]if cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . j8f gDj/ !) sf j8f cWoIf k'ik/fh /fptsf] ;efkltTj /x]sf] sfo{qmdsf] ;Grfng ;fdflhs kl/rfl/sf ;Demgf zdf{ g]kfnn] u/]sL lyOg\ . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|dv ' czf]s Aof~h'n] :yfgLo ;/sf/

uft}d ;j]f ;dfhsf] k:'ts nfs ] fk0{f

ag]kf÷uf}td ;]jf ;dfh, ag]kfn] g]kfnLx?sf] dxfg rf8 bz}F, ltxf/ / 57sf] cj;/ kf/]/ z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg, :dfl/sf ljdf]rg / ;Ddfg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{-g]skf_sf g]tf afdb]j uf}tdsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;dfhn] k|sfzg u/]sf] …uj{Ú :dfl/sfsf] nf]sfk{0f ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]tf uf}tdn] uf}tddf afx'g, If]qL, blnt ;a} /x]sf]n] sf]lx s;}n] klg Pscsf{df prf]lgrsf] Jojxf/ ug{ gx'g] atfP . pgn] ;dfhsf] sfddf cfkm'n] ;Sbf] ;xof]u ug]{ k|ltj4tf ;d]t hgfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf uf}td ;]jf ;dfhn] ljleGg ;dodf

cfof]hgf u/]sf sfo{qmdx?df ;xof]u u/]sf] eGb} k|fOd PkmPd, /]l8of] Pljl;, c/lgsf] 6]lnlehg, ljleGg JolQm tyf ;+:yfnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{'sf] ;fy} uf}td kl/jf/af6 OlGhlgol/ª, 8fS6/ kf; ug]{ JolQmnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;dfhsf cWoIf gj/fh uf}tdsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf /fli6«o k~rfË lg0ff{os ;ldltsf cWoIf k|fWofks 8fS6/ /fdrG› uf}td, uf}td ;dfhsf s]G›Lo cWoIf bfdf]b/k|;fb uf}td, uf}td ;]jf ;dfh ag]kfsL dxf;lrj ldgf zdf{ uf}td, di6f wfdL ljb'/ uf}tdn] ;dfhn] ub}{ cfPsf sfo{qmdx?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .

z'esfdgf j8fbz},+ lbkfjnL, 57 kj{ @)&% tyf g]kfn ;+Djt !!#( sf] cj;/df xfd|f ;d:t u|fxs ju{x?df ;'v, zflGt ;Da[l4 Pj+ ;'–:jf:Yo bL3f{os " f] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

NIST

jif{ @$ c+s %) @)&% c;f]h @% ut] ljxLjf/

ldlnlgod SofDk;sf] z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg

ag]kf÷ldlnlgod SofDk; tyf sfe|] x]Ny 6«]lgË OlGi6Ro'6 ag]kfn] ljhofbzdL tyf z'e lbkfjnLsf] cj;/ kf/L z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg tyf gofF ljBfyL{nfO{ :jfut u/]sf] 5 .

SofDk; k|d'v ljZjgfy clwsf/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]sf lgldQ k|d'v gGb/fh cj:yL k|d'v cltyL lyP . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltyL cj:yLn] sfe|] x]Ny 6«]lgË OlGi6Ro'6n] k|fljlws lzIffdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ u/]sf lyP . ljut nfdf] ;do b]lv sfe|] x]Nyn] l;PdP / cgdL ljifodf cWofkg u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ldlnlgod Ps]8d] L @)%^ ;fn b]lv ;+rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . 8fF8fkf/L / ljs6 If]qsf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;]jf k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf] ldlnlgoddf u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg x'bF } cfPsf] 5 .

sfo{qmddf ljz]if cltyL g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gfn] ljBfyL{x?sf] cWoog ug{] afgL x/fpFb} uPsfn] cWoog ug{] vfnsf] sIffx?sf] ljsf; ug{, s'ntdf nfUg] af6f] abNg / ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 8«k cfp6 x'gaf6 /f]Sg' kg{] atfP . j8f cWoIf j0f{ zfSo, ag]kf gu/kflnsf lzIff zfvf k|d'v lzj/fh lqkf7L, w'lnv]n lzIff zfvf k|d'v /fdz/0f ahufO{, ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf ;Gtdfg tfdfª, o'jf artsf ;lrj pbo/fd sfoZy, ljGwafl;gL dfljsf k|c l8NnL/fd e§/fO{ nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . ;xfos SofDk; k|d'v /fh]Gb| e08f/Lsf] :jfut dGtAo /fv]sf] sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng lbks l3dL/]n] u/]sf lyP .

agk]f lxsf/L ls08/ uf6g]{sf] !& cf} cleefjs lbj;

ag] k f÷ag] k f lxsf/L ls08/uf6{]gsf] !& cf} cleefjs lbj; sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf k|sfz dfgGw/sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf dlgs td's '| sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfoq{mddf afnaflnsfx?n] ljleGg ljBfdf kl|tef k:|tt' u/s ] f lyP . ljBfnosL lkl|G;kn zldn{f l;x+ sfsLn{] ljBfnosf] aflifs { kl|tjb]g k:|tt' ub}{ lhNnfsf] klxnf] lxsf/L lsG8/ uf6g]{af6 w/]} ljBfnox?n] afnaflnsfx?sf nflu ls08/ uf6g]{ vfN]g] cEof; u/s ] f] atfOg{ . kf|o ;a} ljBfnox?n] clxn] ls08/ uf6g]{sf]

z?'jft u/s ] f 5g\ . & hgf afnaflnsfx?af6 z?' ePsf] lxsf/L ls08/ uf6g]{df ! ;o @# hgf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ hfkflgh kl|jlwaf6 l;sfO{ eO/{xs ] f] 5 . afnaflnsfx?sf] x/]rfx / k7gkf7g klg ;fl]x kl|jlwaf6 xbF'} cfPsf] lkl|G;kn zldn{f l;x+n] atfOg{\ . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf ;fdflhs ljsf; zfvf k|d'v lr/~hLlj cof{n, cGt/fli6«o elnan /]lkm| ljho s];L, cleefjs OlGhlgo/ lgnsdn zflx nufotn] lxsf/L ls08/ uf6{g] n] afnaflnsfx?sf nflu k'¥ofPsf] lzIffsf af/]df ;'emfj ;lxt wGojfb lbPsf lyP .

df egf{ v'Nof]

(Bachelor in Science & Information Technology)

(Bachelor in Computer Application)

BIM

B.Sc.

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;xsf/Ltfdf Pstfsf] k|Zg

lgi6 sn]h ag]kfdf lgDg sfo{qmdx?df egf{ v'Nof] Û

B.Sc. CSIT BCA

jfh L f / c f s ;x

(Bachelor in Information Management)

T.U. k|j]z k/LIffdf pQL0f{ x'g] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ egf{sf] nflu ;Dks{ ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

General (CBZ)

kmf/fd eg{] clGtd ldlt M @)&%.&.#) k|jz ] k/LIff M @)&%.*.*

egf{ sfo{qmd, z'Ns, z}lIfs jftfj/0fsf hfgsf/Lsf nflu oyfzL3| SofDk;df :jfut 5 .

NIST College (T.U. Affiliated)

ag]kf–(, gofFj:tL, sfe|],

Pssf nflu ;a} ;a}sf nflu Ps eGg] l;4fGt g} af]s]/ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] k|fb'{efj ePsf] kfO{G5 . ljZj ;xsf/L O{ltxf;sf kf6fx?nfO{ s]nfpFbf AolQm tyf ;d'bfodf ;d:of lg/fs/0fsf nflu ;a}hgf ldn]/ ul/Psf] ;+3if{ tyf ldx]gtsf kl/0ffd g} ;xsf/Ltfsf] ljsf; xf] eGg cK7\of/f] dfGg'kg]{ s'g} sf/0f 5]g . lhjg wfGgsf nflu ljxfg a]n'sf Hofnf, dhb'/L, d]nfkftsf sfddf tlNng /xg] / ;fgf tyf 7"nf k]zf Joj;fox? ug]{ ;a} AolQm jf ;d'bfo Ps csf{sf] ;xof]u / ;fy ljgf km8\sf] dfg{ ;s]sf pbfx?0fx? sd} dfqfdf kfO{G5g . cfh eGbf em08} !&# aif{ cufl8 an]fotdf klg nueu ;dfg jf p:t} cflys { xl};ot ePsf AolQmx?n] cfkmg\f cfjZostfx? k/'fugs { f nflu ul/Psf] ko|f; g} cfhsf] ljZjsf] ;xsf/L cfGbfn]gsf] ljsl;t ?k g} xf] . gk]fndf ;xsf/Ls} af/d]f ax; xg' yfns ] f] ^@ aif{ e;}ss ] f] 5 . o; cjlwdf w/]} eGbf w/]} ;xsf/Lsf ;Gbed{f sfox{? ePsf 5g\ . gk]fnL df6f,] oxfs F f] kl/l:ytL / efu}fl]ns ;/+rgf / xfdL aLrsf] dfof, ddtf / efjgf cflb h:tf laifox? cGo bz ] sf] bfhFfd]f lgs} km/s /xs ] f] dx;z ' hf] s;n}fO{ klg xG'5 . Pp6f gk]fnLnfO{ ;d:of kbf{ csfn{]fO{ bV'g] / dg 5g'] clg ?g] xfdf|] dfl}nstf 5 . cfb/ / ;be'fj /flv efOrf/fsf] ;DjGw /fVg] xfdf|] afgL /Jojxf/sf sf/0f xfdL c? eGbf laNsn'} ky[s g} 5f=} . of] / o:t} ljifox?nfO{ yk 6j]f k/'o\fpgsf nflu ;xsf/Ln] csf{] kf6fs ] f] ?kdf xfdLnfO{ ;xofu] ul//xs ] f] 5 . ;xsf/Ltfn] cfkmg\f sfox{? nfbg] eGbf klg l;Sg] / ;w'f/ ub{} w/]} eGbf w/]} AolQm tyf ;db'fox?sf] kxr F' df al[4 ug{] eGg] kIfx?nfO{ hf8] lbPsf] kfOG{5 . ljleGg ;dodf ljleGg AolQmTjx?n] ;xsf/LtfnfO{ h] h;/L AoVof u/t]f klg AolQmnfO{ :jfjnlDa s;/Lagfpg ;lsG5 / aGg ;sb5 eGg] kd|v ' s/'f g} ;xsf/Ltf xf] eGg] nfUb5 . t/ dflg; :jfjnDag aGgsf nflu ;dfhaf6 w/]} s/'fx? l;Sb5 . ;dfhdf ePsf jf rns ] f ljleGg ljlwx? dWo] s] < s;/L / s;sf nflu < eGg] laifox?df ;as } f cfkmg\f AofVof tyf ljjr ] gfx? kfOG5g . cWoog ljgfsf] o:tf 1fgsf sf/0fn] ul/Psf] ljjr ] gfn] ;xsf/Lsf] ddn{fO{ ;dfKt kfb}{ dfG5] afRFg,] Joj;fo ug{] / :jfjnDaL aGg] s/'fdf ladv ' aGb5 . ;xsf/Ltfsf] dd{ efjgf / l;4fGtsf cfwf/df vfl/Psf] AolQm g} :jfjnDaL aGb5 / of] g} ;xsf/Ltfsf] kofo{ xf] eGg ;lsG5 . ;xsf/L ldlnh'nL, afFl8r'l8 ub}{ uf]naGb eP/ kf/:kl/s ?kdf Ps csf{nfO{ b'Mv ;'vdf ;fy / ;xof]u ug]{ sl8 g} xf] . o;af6 g} ;a} au{ ;d'bfox?sf] lxt x'G5 eGg] efjgf ;xsf/Ltfn] /fv]sf] x'G5 . s] o:tf laifox?df ;fFRr} xfdLn] dgg u/]sf] ;f]r]sf] clg a'em]sf] h:t} Jojxf/x? xfdL ;xsf/L / ;xsf/L cleoGtx?df kfpFb5f}+ t < b]zdf /x]sf] #$%!@ ;xsf/Lx? dWo] slt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?df ;fd'lxs efjgf / ;xsfo{sf] cfefif kfO{G5 xf]nf t < s] xfd|f efjgf ;d'bfosf] lxtdf ;xeflutfTds ?kdf cufl8 al9/x]sf 5g ls 5}gg eGg] s'/fx? Jojxfl/s ?kdf g} lgofNg kg]{ t 5}g eGg] laifo xfdL ;xsf/L cleoGtx?n] ;f]Rg} kg]{ ePsf] 5 . ;xsf/Ldf Pstf, ;xeflutf clg Ps csf{sf] cl:tTj af/]df cleoGtfx?af6 g} cl:jsf/ ug]{ kl/kfl6 df}nfPsf] b]lvG5 .

Pp6f ;xsf/L ;+:yf leq tyf ;:yf ;+:yf aLrsf] ;DjGw s] s:tf] cj:yf 5 eGg] laifodf slx g slx 5nkmn ;'?jft ub}{ cufl8 a9\b} nfgsf nflu ax; tyf k}/jL ;'? ug'{kg]{ xf] ls eGg] cfjfh ;a}lt/ ;'lgg yfn]sf] 5 . w]/} /fd|f sfdx? ubf{ ub}{ klg ;xsf/Lsf] efjgf tyf dd{ cg';f/ xfdLn] Pstf k|bz{g ug{ g;s]sf sf/0f klg dgu9Gt] ;d:ofx? ;xsf/Ldf yf]kl/Psf t xf}Ogg <eGg] w]/}nfO{ nfu]sf] klg 5 . ;xsf/L dd{, P]g lgod / sfg"g, dfkb08, cg';f/ g} ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ eO{ ;~rfng ePsf x'G5g o;df s;}sf] s'g} ts{ g} x'b}g / /xFb}g t/ oxfF Pp6f k|s[ltsf ;xsf/L / csf]{ km/s k|s[ltsf] ;xsf/L aLr stf stf tfnd]n gePsf] kf] xf] sL eGg] cfefif ldn]sf] w]/} a'emfO 5 . ;xsf/L cleoGtfx?af6 g} ;xsf/LsdL{sf] x}l;otdf /flvPg eGg] u'gf;fx? ;'Gg cfO/x]sf] / ;f]lx cg'?k Jojxf/ k|bz{g x'g yfn]sf] u'gf;f] ;d]t cfpg yfn]sf] 5 . ulxl/P/ ;xsf/Lsf If]qdf ePsf / ef]u]sf ;xsf/LsdL{x?sf] cg'ejx? ;'Gg] / a'em\g] ul/of] eg] of] / o:t} vfnsf ;d:of ;xsf/L If]qdf b]vf k/]sf] w]/}sf] a'emfO{ klg 5 . ;xsf/Ldf Pstf lagf s]lx klg sfo{x? ug{ ;lsb}g eGg] s'/f ;a}n] l:jf/ ug'{kb{5 . ;xsf/Ln] ;d'bfo tyf cfkm\gf ;b:ox?sf] lxtdf ;du| kIfsf] ljsf; ub}{ cufl8 a9\g] nIo lnPsf sf/0f ;xsf/Ldf k|j]z ug]{ hf] ;'s}n] klg Pp6} nIo tyf p2]Zo af]ls sfo{ cufl8 a9fpg] k|0f ug'{ g}a'l4dflg x'G5 . 7"nf ;+:yfsf ?kdf kl/lrt AolQmTjx? tyf ; ;fgf k"FhLx? ;+slnt ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf AolQmx? aLrdf Pstf ePsf / ;xsfo{ ePdf l;+uf] ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;d[l4 Nofpg w]/} ;do kv{g' kb}{g . lsg cfjZos 5 t ;xsf/Ldf Pstf < cfd dflg;x?df lxhf]sf lbg;Dd ;xsf/LnfO{ x]g]{ b[li6sf]0f /cfhsf lbgdf ;xsf/LnfO{ x]g]{ b[li6sf]0f g} km/s kfOg yfn]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; ;':t 9+un] x'b} ubf{ ;a}sf] Wofg otf lt/ lyPgg t/ cfh ;xsf/Lsf If]qnfO{ ltg vDa] cy{ lgltsf cfwf/df ;+j}wflgs dxTjsf ;fy /flvPsf] x'Fbf ;a}sf dg dl:tis otflt/ tflgPsf 5g\ . s"n u|x:y pTkfbgsf lx;fjn] $ k|ltzt lx:;f / cfly{s kf6f]df g} klg @) k|ltzt cf]u6]sf] o; If]qsf] k|utLsf sf/0f klg ;xsf/Lsf af/]df cfly{s If]qsf lgsfo tx / tKsfn] v'n]/ g} o; If]qsf] cg]s xysG8f ckgfP/ cleofgnfO{ g} larlnt kfg{ vf]lhPsf] k|i6} b]lvG5 . cfly{s kIfx?;Fu} sfo{ ug]{ ljleGg lgsfox?, ;xsf/Ltf af/] hfgsf/L g/fVg] s]lx ;+:yf tyf AolQmx?n] ;xsf/Ldf af/]df a]nfa]nfdf ug]{ u/]sf gsf/fTds l6Ssf l6Kk0fLx? ljleGg kqklqsf tyf;~hfnx?df xfdLn] b]v]sf / k9]sf 5f}= . Ps b'O{ j6f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] u/]sf gsf/fTds sfo{x?nfO{ p5fn]/ l;+uf] ;xsf/LnfO{ wldNofpg] sfo{x?n] ;xsf/Lsf] If]q g} w/f;lo xf] ls eGg] e|d 5g{ vf]lhPsf] k|Z6} b]lvG5 . #$%!@ sf] ;Vofdf /x]sf w]/} eGbf w]/} ;xsf/Lsf /fd|f kIf tyf sfo{x?sf] vf]lh tyf ;sf/fTds kl/jt{gx?sf] phfu/ xfdLn] ug{ g;s]sf sf/0f klg l;+uf] ;xsf/Lsf af/]df xfd|f sdhf]/Lsf] kmfObf p7fO{ gsf/fTds l6Ssf l6Kk0fLx? ul//x]sf b]lvG5 . hj ;Dd xfdL Ps cfk;df ldn]/ cleofgnfO{ ;kmn agfpg] sf]lz; ub}{gf} tj;Dd xfd|f] cleofg o;}u/L t'xfpg cg]s tTjx? nflu kl//xg] lglZrt 5 .

To;}n] klg Pp6} ;+:yf leq /x]sf jf ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;+:yf aLr ;xsf/L dd{, bz{g, larf/x?sf] Pstf h?/L 5 . ;d'bfo:t/ ;Dd Pstfsf] ;Gb]z k'/\ofpg xfdL lsg sf]lz; ub}{gf}+ < s] n] /f]s]sf] 5 xfdLnfO{ < ljleGg axfgfdf ;xsf/LnfO{ Wj:t kfg{ tlNng /xg] wld/fx?sf] of]hgfx? lakmn agfpg klg xfd|f] ;xsfo{ / Pstfsf] cfjZostf 5 . h;af6 ;d'bfo :t/df k'/\ofpg] ;xof]u / kfg]{ k|efjsf af/]df Psdt / Ps;'qLo cleofg 5]8\g xfdL aLrdf Pstf cfjZos kb{5 . s;/L ;Dej 5 t Pstf ldlnh'nL ;a}hgfn] ;xsf/Lsf] dd{, bz{g clg larf/nfO{ ;d'bfo:t/df ;lqmotfk"j{s lkmhfpg' g} ;xsf/Ltf xf] eGg] xfdLn] a'em]s} 5f}+ . efOrf/fsf] ;DjGwnfO{ :yflkt ug{sf nflu ;femf Ph]08f ;lxt ;xsf/Ldf cfj4 ePsf xf} eg] xfdL ;a}n] Pp6f k|0f ug'{ cfjZos 5 . h'g xfdLdf ePsf ; ;fgf a]d]n, larf/, lglt lgodfjnL, O{dfGbfl/tf, kf/blz{tf h:tf laifox?nfO{ cfTd;ft ug'{ g} xf] . ;xsf/Ldf a;]/ xfdLn] xfd|f nflu sfd ug'{ x'b}g eGg] klxnf] :jfy{ agfpg' kb{5 . ;a}sf nflu ;xsf/L xf] eGg] a'em]sf xfdLn] cfkm' / cfkm\gf nflu dfq ;f]Rbf l;+uf] cleofg g} cf]em]ndf kb{5 . To;}n] ;fd'lxs efjgf ;lxtsf] k|lta4tfnfO{ klxnf] v'8\lsnf] agfpg xfdL ;Sg] ls g;Sg] eGg] laifo dxTjk"0f{ 5 . z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] lxtdf sfd ug]{, ;a}sf nflu ;xsf/L xf] eGg] ;f]rsf] ljsf; ug]{, ;do Joj:yfkgdf Wofg lbg] , AolQmut :jfy{ Tofu ug,]{ ;xsf/L ;xsf/L aLrsf] ;DjGw :yflkt ug{sf nflu k|of;/t /xg], /fhg}lts cfu|x k"jf{u|x Tofu ug]{, :j:y k|ltikwf{ ug]{, lglt lgodsf kl/lw leq /x]/ dfq sfo{ ;~rfng ug]{, ;xsf/L P]g, lgodfjnLx?nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL sfo{x? ug]{, ljleGg lgsfox?;Fu ;Dks{ / ;dGjo ug]{, ;xsf/L lzIff cWoog / tflndx? pkof]u ug]{, Ifdtf ljsf; ug]{, z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ ;xsf/L k|lt lj:jf; l;h{gf ug]{ jftfj/0f jgfpg] cflb h:tf laifodf cleofgstf{x? a8f] dl;gf] 9+un] nflu kg]{ xf] eg] xfd|f] Pstf ;'Gb/ 5 . o;nfO{ slx st} vf]lh ug'{kb}{g . o;/L g} xf] ;a}sf ;fd' xfd|f] Pstf k|bz{g ug]{ . o;/L ;xsf/Ldf Pstf k|bz{g ug{ ;s]df ljleGg ;dodf ;xsf/lsf af/]df of] / Tof] sf] lgx'df h] h:tf gsf/fTds ?kdf l6Ssf l6Kk0fL eO/x]sf 5g\ To:tf ;a} vfnsf sfdx?sf af/]df af]Ng / n]Vg lxDdt ug{ s;}n] ;Sg] 5}gg . ;xsf/Ln] /fd|f /fd|f sfdx? u/]sf 5g eGg] ;a} kIfnfO{ lj:jf; lbnfpgsf nflu klg xfdf] Pstf clgafo{ eO;s]sf] 5 . To;}n] cfh}sf lbg b]lv cg]s cfu|x k"jf{u|x Tofu]/ Pstfsf nflu Ps} ynf]df pleP/ zlQm k|bz{g u/f}= b]z lgdf{0f ;xsf/Laf6 dfq ;Dej 5 eGg] ;Gb]z lbg Pp6} dfnfdf plgP em} Ps l9Ssf agf} . of] cfhsf] cfjZostf klg xf] . ho ;xsf/L

uf8L;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? ca Pp6} 5fgfd'lg PS;fO8 Jof6«L, 6f6f sDkgLsf] :k]o;{ kf6{;x? / MAK n'la|s]G6 nufotsf uf8L ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? xf]n;]n tyf v'b|f d"Nodf kfOG5 . cflwsfl/s ljqm]tf

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Plss[tsf] !) cf} ;ef ;DkGg

ag]kf÷ag]kf * g+= j8fdf ;+rflnt …Gx"hMÚ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] cf7f}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ tyf hgdt dfl;ssf k|wfg ;Dkfbs df]xg b'jfnsf] k|Dv ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . …Gx"hMÚ sf cWoIf /fdk|;fb dfgGw/sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf k|dv ' cltly b'jfnn] ;fdflhs If]qdf cy{ ;dfof]hg nufot w]/} s'/fdf dlxnfx?nfO{ lgs} xf};nf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] lbPsf] atfP . s'g} klg ;+:yf ;d[4 agfpg OdfGbf/Ltf / lg/Gt/tf geO{ gx'g] u'0fx? cfjZos ePsf] pgn] atfP . lgjt{dfg cWoIf xl/k|;fb sdL{ dfgGw/n] :jfut dGtJo /fv]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf ljleGg ;fsf];sf tkm{af6 z/0fs'df/ dfgGw/, czf]s >]i7, pd]z dfgGw/, ;Ltf/fd cfrfo{, z'enIdL dfgGw/n] z'esdfgf dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . bLks dfgGw/n] k|ult k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf k'iknfn dfgGw/n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

w'lnv]n÷lhNnfs} gd'gf / k|bz ] d} pTs[i6 /x]sf] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf @ /ljcf]kLsf] ;]ltb]jL b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] !* cf} ;ef k|bz ] gDj/ # sf of]hgf tyf cfly{s dfldnf dGqL s}nfz 9'Ën] sf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf rt[e{ h' ltdlN;gfsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|dv ' cltyL dGqL s}nfz 9'Ën] n] b'Uw pTkfbg u/L u'0f:t/Lo b'Uw ljqmL ug{ sxlnPsf] ;]ltb]jLn] cfkm\g} pBf]u :yfkgf u/L Kofs]6 b'Uw ljqmL ug{ tyf cGo kl/sf/x?sf] pTkfbg u/L ljqmL ug{ ;'emfj lbP . k|bz ] ;/sf/n] pQm sfo{sf nflu ;xsf/L dfkm{t s[ifsx?nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] dGqL 9'Ën] n] atfP . sfo{qmddf ljlzi7 cltyL w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|dv ' czf]s Aof~h'n] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfnfO{ s[lif tyf ko{6gsf lx;fjn] ;Dj[4 agfpg kz'kfng If]qdf ljz]if ;xof]u ug{] atfP . ut jif{ ^ nfv %) xhf/ cg'bfg pknAw u/fPsf] gu/kflnsfn] rfn' jif{df klg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] gu/ k|dv ' Aof~h'n] atfP . u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbg / u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg cg'b[ fg pknAw u/fPsf] gu/kflnsfaf6 k|fKt /sdn] ;xsf/Ln] kbfnLdf !% nfv ?k}ofdf b'Uw lr:ofg Eof6 lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . ;f]lx cj;/df k|dv ' cltyL dGqL 9'u+ n] / ljlzi7 cltyL gu/ k|dv ' Aof~h'n] pQm Eof6sf] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf lhNnf e]6g] /L c:ktfnsf k|dv ' al/i7 kz' lrlsT;s 8f= gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7, s]lGb|o b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;3 lnld6]8sf ;lrj Pj+ ;+:yfsf ;Nnfxsf/ ;+of]hs l6sfaNwj ;fksf]6f, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf ljgf]b k/fh'nL, lhNnf b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+3sf ;b:o /3'gfy uf}td, ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/Lsf cWoIf b]jk|;fb sf]O/{ fnf, j8f cWoIf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ ! sf /d]z 3f]/;fO{g,] j8f gDj/ @ sf ch{g' Gof}kfg] nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . ;efdf ;xfos k|jGws lbks 9f]8f/L :jfut dGtAo /fv]sf lyP eg] cWoIf rt{e' h' ltdlN;gfn] ;+:yfsf] aflif{s of]hgf tyf ultljlw, ;lrj ;'lgtf ;fksf]6fn] aflif{s k|ltj]bg, sf]iffWoIf k|jGws xl/x/ clwsf/Ln] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

To:t} n]vf k|ltj]bg n]vf ;+of]hs s[i0faxfb'/ 9'u+ fgfn] n]vf k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;+rfns lg/Ghg u]nfnn] ;+rfng u/]sf] sfo{qmddf pTs[i6 s[ifs l;tfdfof tfdfªnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . pgn] jif{e/Ldf !$ xhf/ * ln6/ b'Uw ljqmL u/]sL lyO{g\ . To:t} &) jif{ gf3]sf h]i7 z]o/ ;b:ox? * hgfnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;Ddflgt x'gx] ?df huGgfy Gof}kfg], nf]saxfb'/ lwtfn, u+ufdfof 3f]/;fO{g,] OGb|k;| fb 3f]/;fO{g,] afns[i0f uf}td, e'kltk|;fb uf}td, ltn?kf rf}nfufO{, nIdL k/fh'nL /x]sf 5g\ . ;+:yfn] x/]s jif{ z]o/ ;b:osf 5f]/f5f]/L dWo] pTs[i6nfO{ ;Ddfg ug{] u/]sf] 5 . ;Ddflgt x'gx] ?df ;'lbk u]nfn, ;ldIff ltdlN;gf / :j:tL b+ufn /x]sf 5g\ . ;xsf/Lsf] z]o/ k'hF L ! s/f]8 !% nfv *^ xhf/ $ ;o, art % s/f]8 $$ nfv $@ xhf/ $( ?k}of /x]sf] 5 eg] C0f nufgL ^ s/f]8 @& nfv ^ xhf/ % ;o %@ ?k}of /x]sf] 5 . ;+:yfn] v'b d'gfkmf & nfv %) xhf/ @ ;o @( u/]sf] 5 . s[ifsx?af6 & s/f]8 %) nfv * xhf/ ! ;o (@ ?k}ofsf] b'Uw vl/b u/L & s/f]8 %* nfv %@ xhf/ ( ;o %) sf] ljqmL u/]sf] 5 . ;+:yfn] k|dv ' cltyL dGqL 9'u+ n] , gu/ k|dv ' Aof~h' / lhNnf e]6l] /g/L c:ktfnsf k|dv ' gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] lyof] .

ljGwafl;gLsf If]lqo ;ef ;DkGg gofF ;ldltn] sfd z'? u¥of] ag]kf÷lhNnfs} w]/} ;b:ox? / k'FhL ;+sng u/]sf] ljGwafl;gL ;xsf/Lsf] @% cf} ;fwf/0f ;ef If]lqo :t/df ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . c;f]h !( / @) ut] b'O{ lbg cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ;efdf ;xeflu aQmfx?n] ;xsf/L cleofgn] lhNnfsf] ;Dj[4 x'g] ljrf/ AoQm u/]sf lyP . vf]kf;Ldf ePsf] ;efsf] cWoIftf cWoIf k|lbk yfkfn] u/]sf lyP eg] k|d'v cltyL kgf}tL gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v lutf a~hf/f lyO{g\ . To:t} kgf}tLdf cfof]lht ;efdf cWoIftf ;lrj /fdz/0f e08f/Ln] u/]sf lyP . ;f]lx sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltyL gu/ k|d'v led Gof}kfg] lyP . ag]kfdf pkfWoIf hfg'sfb]jL e08f/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];L k|d'v cltyL lyP . a]yf~rf]s ufpFkflnsfdf cfof]lht ;efdf cWoIftf cWoIf k|lbk yfkfn] u/]sf lyP . k|d'v cltyL ufpFkflnsf cWoIf k|]daxfb'/ ltdlN;gf /x]sf lyP . To:t} kfFrvfndf ;lrj /fdz/0f e08f/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v dx]z v/]n k|d'v cltyL /x]sf lyP . gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfsf] es'08] If]qdf cfof]hgf ePsf] ;efdf sf]iffWoIf zfGts'df/ >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf k|d'v l6kL zdf{ ltdlN;gf k|d'v cltyL /x]sf lyP . lhNnfd} klxnf] k6s ^ :yfgdf ;fwf/0f ;ef u/L ;+:yfn] gofF Oltxf; sfod u/]sf] 5 . ag]kfsf] a'8f]n ;fd'bflos ;fsf];n] klg klxnf] k6s o; cl3 If]lqo ;ef cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . ;+:yfn] sfof{no aLr OG6/ln+s u/L PljljP; ;]jf, df]jfO{n a}lsË ;]jf, Pl6Pd ;]jf, l8lh6n xflh/L, ;b:ox?nfO{ lgoldg ?kdf ;'–;'lrt ug{ q}dfl;s a'nl] 6g k|sfzg, P;PdP; ;]jf, z]o/ ;b:o j8fkq h:tf sfo{qmd ul//x]sf] 5 . ljz]if cf}ifwL pkrf/ sf]if / ljkb Aoj:yfkg sf]ifsf] :yfkgf u/L # j6f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;Fu Plss/0f u/]sf] 5 . rf/j6f ;]jf s]Gb| :yfkgf, ^ j6f a}lsË sfof{no ;d]t !! j6f sfof{noaf6 ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{sf] cGTo;Dddf !# ;o &* ;d'x, ^^ ;o &@ z}lIfs afnartstf{ / @( xhf/ ! ;o @* z]o/ ;b:o u/L #% xhf/ * ;o ;]jfu|lxnfO{ ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . @# s/f]8 ^& nfv #% xhf/ $ ;o z]o/ k'hF L, ! ca{ ^& s/f]8 *^ nfv %# xhf/ % ;o art ;+sng u/]sf] 5 . ! ca{ *# s/f]8 %@ nfv %( xhf/ C0f nufgL u/]sf] pQm ;xsf/Ln] * s/f]8 %^ nfv !% xhf/ ?k}of d'gfkfmf

pBdn] k|To]s z]o/ ;b:onfO{ pBdlzn agfp“b}

kgf}tL÷pBd ljsf; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] !! cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef kgf}tL gu/kflnsf k|d'v led Gof}kfg]sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;efdf af]Nb} k|d'v cltyL Gof}kfg]n] kgf}tL gu/ ljsf;sf nflu ;xsf/Lx?n] Plss[t of]hgf cl3 ;fg{' kg{] atfPsf lyP . ;xsf/L dfkm{t ug{ ;lsg] y'k|} of]hgfx?df gu/kflnsf ;xof]uL aGg] k|d'v Gof}kfg]n] atfP . sfo{qmddf cWoIf /f]zg >]i7n] ;xsf/Lsf] pb]Zo / gfd g} a]/f]huf/ AolQmx?nfO{ pBd agfpg] ePsfn] z]o/ ;b:ox? k|To]snfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfO{ cfly{s ;Dj[4 agfO{g]df hf]8 lbP . sfo{qmddf g]km\;s'gsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t lzjhL ;fksf]6f, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf ;lrj lblnk zdf{, kgf}tL pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf ef]nf yfkf, sfe|]knf~rf] lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf ;Nnfxsf/ zDe'nfn >]i7, ;fd'bflos ;fsf];sf pkfWoIf k|tfk tfd|fsf/ nufotn] pBd ljsf; ;fsf];n] kgf}tL If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] atfPsf lyP . ;++:yfn] cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf @@ ;o ^% ;b:ox?af6 ! s/f]8 ^# nfv *& xhf/ ^ ;o z]o/ k'FhL ;+sng u/L !^ s/f]8 *% nfv (* xhf/ art ;+sng u/]sf] 5 . !^ s/f]8 @* nfv #$ xhf/ C0f nufgL u/]sf] pQm ;+:yfsf] !( s/f]8 &! nfv %* xhf/ s'n k'FhL /x]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;lrj Clif/fd ;fksf]6f, sf]iffWoIf ladn sfsL{, n]vf ;+of]hs ;xs'n a:g]t nufotn] k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . pkfWoIf ;lgn;'Gb/ ;}h'sf] :jfut dGtAo /x]sf] sfo{qmddf ;+:yfks cWoIf ;gtk|;fb ;fksf]6f tyf ;xsf/L;Fu ;DjlGwt AolQmx?n] pBdsf] cfufdL of]hgfdf ;xsfo{ ug{] k|ltj4yf AoQm u/]sf lyP . pTs[i6 C0fL, artstf{ tyf z]o/ ;b:osf 5f]/f5f]/Lx?nfO{ z}lIfs 5fqj[lQ / k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] cWoIf /f]zg >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbP .

8fO{gflds o'jf artdf k'gM dfwj

sf“7' u0f]zsf] !% cf} ;ef

ag]kf÷ag]kfdf /x]sf] sfF7' u0f]z art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] !% cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb]sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf lq/Tg /fhafxssf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltyL afb]n] gu/sf] ljsf;df ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ;fem]bf/ / k|d'v lhDd]jf/ agfO{g] atfP . ;efdf g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO{6L sfe|] zfvfsf ;efklt /3'j/ rf} k|wfg, g]kfn oftfoft Aoj;foL /fli6«o dxf;+3sf cWoIf of]u]Gb|gfy sdf{rfo{, ;Nnfxsf/ dx]Gb| s0f{lht, cfefif ;xsf/Lsf ;lrj k|sfz sfoZy, j8f cWoIf j0f{ zfS, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 lnld6]8sf ;+rfns j0f{ zfSo nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . pkfWoIf OGb|nfn dfgGw/sf] :jfut dGtAo /x]sf] sfo{qmddf ;lrj xl/uf]kfn dfgGw/n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP eg] sf]iffWoIf lbk]Gb| >]i7n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf n]vf k|ltj]bg oz'/fd /fhafxsn] k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;xsf/Lsf] cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf ! s/f]8 #( nfv & xhf/ * ;o z]o/ k'FhL, % s/f]8 &% nfv (# xhf/ art, ^ s/f]8 %@ nfv #& xhf/ C0f nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ! s/f]8 % nfv d'gfkmf u/]sf] 5 .

kfg; ;fsf];sf] !) cf} ;fwf/0f ;ef gfnf÷ag]kfsf] gfnfdf /x]sf] 8fOgflds o'jf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] bzf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef h]i7 ;b:o 7fs'/k|;fb bfxfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ljlzi7 cltyLx? ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ @ sf cWoIf xl/z/0f l3ld/], j8f gDj/ # sf cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb bfxfn, j8f gDj/ $ sf cWoIf Zofdk|;fb >]i7, sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf ;lrj pbo/fd sfoZy, snfsf/ bof/fd bfxfn, lgdf{tf /fds[i0f ahufO{, gf/L hfu/0f ;fsf];sf cWoIf lgd{nf >]i7, l;8 g]kfn cWoIf /]zd g]kfnL, ;Nnfxsf/ dl0fk|;fb ;fksf]6f nufotn] ;xsf/Ln] gfnf If]qdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ u/]sf lyP . ;xsf/Lsf] ;efn] k'gM dfwj l;Ub]nsf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 . al/i7 pkfWoIfdf k'?iff]td ahufO{, pkfWoIf gj/fh ahufO{, ;lrj pk]Gb| bfxfn, ;x ;lrj a[l4s[i0f l3ld/], sf]iffWoIf uf}td >]i7 /x]sf 5g\ . ;b:ox?df >Lw/ k/fh'nL, u+uf bfxfn, u'0f/fh bfxfn, nId0f >]i7 / a'l4dfg tfdfª /x]sf 5g\ . ;xsf/Lsf] ;efdf ;lrj pk]Gb| bfxfnn] aflif{s k|ltj]bg, sf]iffWoIf uf}td >]i7n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg / n]vf ;ldlt ;+of]hs e'jg >]i7n] n]vf k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . n]vf ;ldltdf e'jg >]i7 ;+of]hs, pd]z bfxfn / /fhs'df/ bfxfn ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf ;xsf/Ln] () nfv !) xhf/ * ;o z]o/ k'FhL, * s/f]8 #@ nfv && xhf/ art ;sng u/]sf] 5 . * s/f]8 &! nfv C0f nufgL u/L ! s/f]8 @! nfv $$ xhf/ % ;o (# cfDbfgL u/]sf] 5 . ;efdf pTs[i6 AolQmnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

lemu' leGt'gfdf k'gM ;fu/gfy afb]

u/]sf] 5 . PlzofnL C0f dxf;+3, /fli6«o :t/sf pTs[i6 Aoj:yfks, dWodf~rn :t/df pTs[i6 ;xsf/L nufotsf k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sf] ;xsf/L ljGwafl;gLn] lhNnfsf] ljlQo If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] Aoj:yfks s]jL nfdfn] atfP . ;lrj /fdz/0f e08f/L, sf]iffWoIf zfGts'df/ >]i7, n]vf ;+of]hs ;'Gb/ >]i7sf] k|ltj]bg ;efdf k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . o; cl3 lgjf{rg sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd cg';f/ z+zf]lwt ljwfg / ;xsf/L lgod cg';f/ cWoIf k|lbk yfkfs} cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt lglj{/f]w rog ePsf] lyof] . ;ldltdf pkfWoIf led;]gk|;fb ;fksf]6f, ;lrj /fdz/0f e08f/L, sf]iffWoIf zfGts'df/ >]i7 lglj{/f]w ePsf 5g\ . ;+rfns ;b:ox?df /fh]Gb|k|;fb u'/fufO{, ledaxfb'/ s];L, ejgfy ltdlN;gf, 8f]/]Gb| ;fksf]6f / uf]ljGbk|;fb clwsf/L lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf lyP . To:t} c;hyf clwsf/L, b]jsL x'dfufO{, k'gd l3dL/] sfsL{ / lgd{nf bfxfn rf}nfufO{ /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} n]vf ;ldlt ;+of]hs ;'Gb/ >]i7 / ;b:ox?df z'lznf sltnf afb] / /fds'df/ >]i7 lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf lyP .

kgf}tL÷PsLs[t art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] !) cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef g]km\;s'gsf sfo{sf/L k|dv ' lzjhL ;fksf]6fsf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|dv ' cltyL ;fksf]6fn] ;xsf/L ;DjGwL gofF P]g / sfg'g cfPsfn] pQm P]g / sfg'g cg';f/ sfo{ ug{ ;'emfj lbP . h;n] sfg'g cg';f/ sfd ub{g} p;n] b'v kfpg] dfq} geO{ ;b:ox?sf] /sddf klg b'?kof]u x'g] ePsfn] :yfgLo, k|bz ] / s]Gb| ;/sf/sf] dftxt /xg] u/L ;xsf/Lx?n] P]g / lgod leq /x]/ sf/f]jf/ ug{' kg{] atfP . g]km\;s'gn] ;a} ;xsf/Lx?sf] ;xhLs/0fsf nflu C0f gLlt tyf cGo ljljw sfo{qmdx? / gLltx? lgdf{0f u/]sfn] To;nfO{ kfngf ug{ ;fksf]6fn] cg'/f]w u/] . cWoIf ;ljg;'Gb/ ;}hs ' f] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ;lrj /ljgeQm :ofpnf, sf]iffWoIf e/t /fpn, n]vf ;+of]hs g/]z >]i7n] k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . (# nfv *% xhf/ & ;o z]o/ k'hF L /x]sf] pQm ;xsf/Ldf ( s/f]8 @* nfv ^* xhf/ art ;+sng u/L * s/f]8 * nfv C0f nufgL u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks cWoIf nIdLgf/fo0f tfd|fsf/, k'j{ cWoIf /fhs'df/ ltdlN;gf, ;Nnfxsf/ bLks zdf{, dbgs[i0f ;}h,' g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|s ] f cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, ;fd'bflos ;fsf];sf xl/ ltdlN;gf, sfe|k] nf~rf]s lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 lnsf ;Nnfxsf/ zDe'nfn >]i7, sfe|] dflj kgf}tLsf lk|lG;kn a;Gt/fh g]kfn, j8f cWoIf /fdrGb| gf:gfgL, Hof]tLsf k"0f{/fd t'nfw/, gjb'uf{sf o1f k|;fb x'dfufO{, OGb|Z] j/sf x/L ;'Gb/ e'h,' /f]zLsf /fh]z ;'Gb/ ;}h+ ," ;xofqfsf :ofd >]i7, o; artsf OZj/ e08f/L sfe|] 6fO{D;sf ;Dkfbs /d]z Gof}kfg], kgf}tL a;kfs{ vfg]kfgL cWoIf nIdL gf/fo0f tfd|fsf/ nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf pkfWoIf r08]Zj/L d'gfsdL{n] :jfut dGtAo k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g eg] C0f pk;ldltsf ;+of]hs lbks dtf+5], lzIff pk;ldltsf ;+of]hs k|ldnf af:6f]nf, dlxnf pk;ldltsf ;+of]hs r08]Zj/L tfd|fsf/, k|rf/÷k|sfzg pk ;ldltsf ;+of]hs nId0f dtf+5], s[lif pk;ldltsf ;+of]hs a;'Gw/f cfrfo{ / C0f c;'nL pk;ldltsf ;+of]hs 1fgbf; >]i7n] ;DalGwt ;ldlt pk;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg tyf efjL sfo{qmdx? ;ef ;dIf k|:t't u/]sf lyP . pQm sfo{qmddf ;+:yfdf cfly{s cg';fg sfod u/L pTs[i6 x'g ;kmn lgoldt, ;fwf/0f, b}lgs, v'q'ms] artstf{, C0fL nufot h]i7 z]o/;b:o, sd{rf/L, P;O{O{df pTs[i6 lhlkP Nofpg ;kmn ljBfly{nfO{ ;Ddfg tyf k'/:s[t ul/Psf] lyof] .

agk]f÷lemu' leGtg'f art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;:+yf lnld68]sf] gcf} aflifs { ;fwf/0f ;ef ;:+yfsf hi]7 zo]/ ;b:o ;n'fr]gf afbs ] f] kd|v' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+:yfsf cWoIf ;fu/gfy afb] >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ;efsf] aGb ;qn] cfufdL rf/ jif{sf nflu k'gM ;fu/gfy afb]sf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltdf pkfWoIf pbo l;+ d':ofh', ;lrj dgf]hs'df/ e}n, sf]iffWoIf gljgs'df/ ;fvM /x]sf 5g\ . ;b:ox?df ;'dg sfoZy, d'lQmgfy ef]lIfef]of, l;g' /fh hf]zL, e'jg ef]lIfef]of, g/]zdfg a}bf/ /x]sf 5g\ . n]vf tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltdf ;+of]hs /fdeQm a}bf/, lw/]Gb| kf]6] / dWo]Zj/ ds} /x]sf 5g\ . C0f ;ldltdf df]xg rf} k|wfg ;+of]hs, ;b:ox?df /fd]Zj/ sfoZy / cd/gfy afb] /x]sf 5g\ .

To:t} cltl/Qm ;fdflhs lqmofsnfk pk;ldltdf ;+of]hs ;~hg ef]lIfef]of, ;b:ox? ;'/]z ef]lIfef]of, Gx'R5]eQm d'gfsdL{, ljZj/fh e}n ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . dlxnf pk ;ldltdf ;+of]hs ;/:jtL a}bf/ /x]sL l5g\ eg] ;b:ox?df k|ljgf afb], ;l/tf e}n, cdnf sfoZy, zf/bf ;fv /x]sf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf sf]iffWoIf gljgs'df/ ;fvM n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg, ;lrj dgf]hs'df/ e}nn] aflif{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;+:yfn] z]o/ ;b:osf 5f]/f5f]/Lx?nfO{ P;O{O{ kl/Iffdf pTs[i6 x'g]x?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . k'/:s[t x'g]x?df k|zGgf afb], ljho>L kf]6] / lgZrn a}bf/ /x]sf 5g\ .

ag]kf÷kfg; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] !) cf} jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef lhNnf ;xsf/L ;3+ ln sf cWoIf ljgf]b k/fh'lnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltyL k/fh'nLn] ;xsf/Lx?n] ;b:ox?nfO{ ;s] ;Dd al9 ;]jf ;'ljwf lbg' kg{] atfP . ;xsf/Lx?n] sf/f]af/ dfq xf]O{g pTkfbg If]qdf nufgL ug{' kg{] k/fh'nLn] atfP . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf] cf=j @)&$÷)&% sf] jflif{s k|lta]bg ;lra k'is/ /lh+tsf/n] / cfly{s k|lta]bg sf]iffWoIf ;'dg a}wn] k]z u/]sf lyP . To;} u/L n]vf tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldtLsf] k|lta]bg ;+of]hs xl/uf]kfn a}wn] k]z u/]sf lyP . ;+:yfsf] z]o/ k'FhL %* nfv @* xhf/ $ ;o, art ^ s/f]8 &% nfv %^ xhf/, C0f nufgL % s/f]8 #) nfv &( xhf/ # ;o *^ /x]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks cWoIf ;'jfif a}w, o'jf ;fsf];sf pkfWoIf led zdf{, d~h' >L ;fsf];sf ;lra z/0f dfgGw/, lkk'N; ;fsf];sf ;~rfns ;b:o dGh' sfo:y, pdË ;fsf];sf cWoIf pd]z >]i7 nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;fdflhs sfo{ cGtu{t lrqsnf k|ltof]lutfdf efu lnPsf pTs[6 !) ljBfyL{x?, pTs[i6 !) afn art stf{, pTs[i6 C0fL z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf cWoIf z';g /fha+lzsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

pu|r08L ;fsf];sf] @! cf} ;ef Zofd ;fksf]6f÷gfnf pu|r08L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] @! cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ag]kf gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf /TgsfhL >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ;lrj OGb|gf/fo0f >]i7n] aflif{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP eg] sf]iffWoIf /flhj >]i7n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . n]vf ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg ;+of]hs lg/f]h >]i7n] k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf pkfWoIf /fhs'df/ >]i7n] :jfut dGtAo k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf g]kfn ljBf e'if0faf6 ;Ddflgt s[i0fk|;fb >]i7, j8f gDj/ $ sf cWoIf Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7, :yfgLo ljleGg ;xsf/Lsf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;xsf/Ln] cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf z]o/ k'FhL ^! nfv ($ xhf/ @ ;o, lgIf]k ;+sng $ s/f]8 $@ nfv (# xhf/, C0f nufgL $ s/f]8 #% nfv u/]sf] 5 . ;+:yfn] % nfv (& xhf/ v'b gfkmf u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

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The Selected

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@)$& ;fndf l;Gw'nL lhNnfsf] emfF8Ldf cfdf l;tf tfdfª / a'af 8Dd/axfb'/ tfdfªsf] bf];|f] ;Gtfgsf] ?kdf hlGdP d . lkt[ ;QfTdstfn] hsl8Psf] xfd|f] ;dfhdf b'O{ 5f]/L hlGdP kl5 5f]/f o;af6 x'Fb}g eg]/ cfdf ue{jtL x'Fbf xFb} afafn] csL{;Fu ljx] ug'{ ePsf] /x]5 . Tolx ;do b]lv afafn] cfdfnfO{ x]/ljrf/ ug{ 5f]8\g' eof] .

Toltv]/ cfdfsf] lxtdf af]fNg] sf]lx lyPg . k'?ifx?n] hltj6L dlxnf;Fu ljjfx ubf{ klg ;dfh r'k nfUYof] .

5f]/f g} ghGdfpg] gf/L hftsf] d]lzg km]g{ k'?ifx?nfO{ s'g} ;do kv{g' kb{}g lyof] . clwsf/, sfg'g, xs ;a} ;dfh leq s}b x'g] u/]sf] lyof] . dlxnfx? sf]lx;Fu af]Ng ;d]t gx'g] t/ k'?ifx?n] 5f]/fs} nflu csf{] ljjfx ug{' ;fdfGo lyof] . Tolx ;fdfGo 36gfdf d]/f] ddL dfyL ah|kft u/fO{Psf] lyof] . ue{df ePsf] aRrf p;s} lyof] . p hGdg ;d]t glbO{ 5f]/L g} xf] eGg] gfddf ul/Psf] bf]>f] ljjfxn] klg ;dfhdf dfGotf

oxfF h'Qf, rKkn, Hofs]6, lhG; kfOG6 nufot cGo km]G;L ;fdfgx? kfOG5 .

s'6\bf s'6's'6' dg b'lv/x]sf] x'GYof] . t/ klg xfdL cfdfaf6 efO{ hGdf];\ eGg] rfxGYof}+ . efO{ g} gePsfn] xfdLn] 3/sf] d'n cleefjs u'dfPsf lyof}+ . geGb} eujfgn] st} g st} x]l//x]sf x'g] /x]5g\ . cfdfnfO{ 5f]/f g} hGdfpg ;lSbg;\ eGg] cf/f]kaf6 d'Qm u/fof] . cfdfaf6 efO{sf] hGd eof] . 3/df v'lzofnL 5fof] . xfdL eGbf w]/} cfdfsf] dg xFl;nf] eof] . ;'Ts]/L x'Fbfsf] kL8f cfdfnfO{ g yfxf lyof] . cem ;f}tf NofpFbf ef]Ug' k/]sf] kL8f pxfFnfO{ afx]s c? s;nfO{ yfxf x'G5 / < hlGdPsf] efO{nfO{ ;+/If0f ug{ cfdfn] d / efO af]s]/ sfe|] lhNnf lt/ sfdsf] vf]hLdf lg:sg] lg0f{o ug{' eP5 . xfdL t ufpFd} lu§} s'6]/ eP klg afFRg' k5{ eGg] ;f]rdf lyof}+ . To;af6 cfPsf] k};fn] hLjg lgjf{x ug{'k5{ eGg] g} lyof] . xfd|f] sfd eg]sf] w]/} 9'+ufsf] y'k|f] agfP/ k};f lng] / cfkm\gf /x/ k'/f ug{' xf] . lbbL d eGbf !) aif{ hlt h]l7 x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFnfO{ klg ;lx jf6f] b]vfpg] sf]lx ePg . slnn}

rr{sf kfi6/n] dnfO cgfyfnodf k7fO{ lbg' eof] . pxfFx?sf] lg0f{o d}n] gfO{ eGg ;lsgF . cfdf cfkm} lj/fdL, czQm ePsfn] xfdLnfO{ ;Fu} /fVg ;Sg] cj:yf klg lyPg . d}n] ;xh} ?kdf rr{af6 k7fO{Psf] cgfynod} hfg] lgwf] u/]+ . cgfyno uP kl5 d}n] To; 7fpFdf uP kl5 k]6e/ vfg kfpg] eP eGg] cfz lyof] . d]/f] cfzf lg/fzfdf kl/0ft eof] . d ToxfF uP t/ ToxfFsf] cj:yf emg\ bb{gfs lyof] . d Ps cjf]w afnsn] efF8f dfem\g], n'uf w'g] vfgf ksfpg] h:tf sl7g sfdx? ug{ afWo x'Gy]+ . k]6sf nflu eP klg d}n] Tof] ;a} ug}{ kYof{] . !) aif{sf] pd]/ 7'nf] ePsfn] ljBfnodf sIff # df egf{ ul/ lbP . d}n] ;a} sfd EofPdf dfq ljBfno hfg] df}sf kfpy]F . sfd gEofpbf d Tof] ljBfno hfg] cj;/jf6 jl~rt x'Gy]F . sl/a * aif{ cgfyf>ddf afn>d u/] . ToxfFsf y'k|} ef]ufO{x? 5g\ . knknsf cg'e'ltx? /x] . ul/a x'g', a'afn] csf{] >LdtL ljjfx ug{' aRrfx?sf nflu oftgf lyof] .

;'Ts]/L cj:yfdf xfdL *÷!) aif{sf 5f]/Lx?n] vf]nfsf] au/df lu6\6L s'6]/ cfdfnfO{ ;'Ts]/FL cj:yfdf vf]n] v'jfpg ;xof]u u¥of}+ . aRrf pd]/df lu§L s'6\bf w]/} k6s xft s'l6Psf] 36gf ;Demg} ;lsb}g . w]/} k6s /f]Psf] 5' d .

kfpFYof] . clxn] h:tf] k|ljlw klg x'Fb}g lyof] . ue{ /xg] ljltSs} 5f]/f jf 5f]/L s] xf] < s;/L yfxf x'GYof] ls 5f]/L g} xf] csf{] ljjfx ug{' k5{ eGg] < clg csf{] ljjfx ug{] ljltSs} 5f]/f g} hGdG5 eGg] Uof]/]06L s]lx lyof] xf]nf / < 5f]/f ghGdg'df dlxnfsf] dfq} bf]if x'GYof] xf]nf / < afafn] bf]>f] ljjfx u/] kl5 xfdL cleefjs ljlxg eof}+ . cfdfn] ue{jtL cj:yfdf eP klg ;s'Gh]n b'Mv u/]/ xfd|f] k]6 kfln lbg' ePsf] lyof] . ;'Ts]/L cj:yfdf xfdL *÷!) aif{sf 5f]/Lx?n] vf]nfsf] au/df lu6\6L s'6]/ cfdfnfO{ ;'Ts]/L cj:yfdf vf]n] v'jfpg ;xof]u u¥of}+ . aRrf pd]/df lu§L s'6\bf w]/} k6s xft s'l6Psf] 36gf ;Demg} ;lsb}g . w]/} k6s /f]Psf] 5' d . 9'+uf Nofpg g;Sbf klg /f]Psf] 5' . xDd/ / 9'+uf

pd]/df l;Gw'kfNrf]s lt/ ljjfx u/]/ uO{;Sg'ePsf] lyof] . cfdf kl5 5f]/Lsf] klg plx lyof] Aoyf . k9fpg], 7'nf] agfpg] / clg ljjfx u/]/ k7fpg] xfdL ul/asf] 3/df ;Dej klg lyPg . lbbL ljjfx u/]/ uP kl5 cfdf;Fu d / efO{ dfq} eof}+ . legfh'sf sf/0f lbbL 3/d} a:g'kg{] eof] . xfdLnfO{ sfe|]df NofPkl5 cfdfn] cfkm} b'Mv ug{ t nfUg' eof] t/ cfdf lj/fdL kg{' eof] . cfdfnfO{ 9f8 grNg]] /f]u nfUof] . ca t emg xfd|f] ljNnLjf7sf] k|lqmof ;'? eof] . pkrf/ ug]{ k};f gx'Fbf cfdf rr{sf] z/0fdf k'Ug' eof] / lqmlZrog alg pkrf/ u/fpg' eof] . cfdfsf] bogLo cj:yf b]v]/ bof klg nfUbf] /x]5 b]Vg]x?nfO{ klg . d !) aif{sL slnnL aRrf, efO{ ;fgf] o:tf] cj:yf b]v]/

>LdtLsf] emf]sn] aRrfx?nfO{ b'Mv lbg' ck/fw h:t} nfUof] dnfO{ . efOnfO{ klg ljBfno k9fpg'kg]]{ pd]/ eO;s]sf] lyof] . d a;]s} cgfyf>dsf] ;/;Fu cg'go ljgo ul/ d}n] efO{nfO{ klg sf7df8f}+sf] cgfyf>df k7fpg kfPF . cgfyf>ddf a:g] a]nfdf & aif{ kl5 dfq cfdfsf] sf]7fdf slxn]sfFlx cfpg kfpFy] . cfdfsf nflu xfd|f] h:t} b'Mv ePsL bf]nvfsL Ps cfdfnfO{ ;fyL agfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . pxfFsf] kl/jf/ / xfd|f] kl/jf/ ljr 3lgi6tf a9\b} uof] . pxfF @ ;Gtfg / xfd|L cfdfsf xfdL # ;Gtfg lyof}+ . kfl/jfl/s 3lgi6tfs} sf/0f ddLsf] ;fyLsf] 5f]/f ;Fu d]/f] klg 3lgi6tf a9\of] . d}n] cfdf;Fu d s[i0f;Fu ljjfx u5'{ elg k|:tfj u/]+ t/

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@%–@* ut];Dd Jofkf/ Joj;foaf6 clws nfe x'g'sf] ;fy} z/L/df :j:ytf 5fpnf, ;f]daf/ eg] d[To't'No si6 cfOkg{] x'Fbf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'xf]nf, #)–#! ut] rflxF efUof]bosf] ;do /x]sf] 5 . dGq M ç qmL+ qmL+ qmL+ ç . @%–@( ut];Dd cWoog cWofkgdf ?lr a9\g], zq' ldqdf kl/0ft x'g'sf] ;fy} ld7fld7f k|]djftf{ nfe klg x'g]5, afFsLsf] lbgdf eg] em'7f cf/f]k cfpg]5 . dGq M ç z+ zq'bdgfo km6\ gd M . cfh;do ljkIfdf /x]s]f x'Fbf 3/fo;L em}emu8f x'g'sf] ;fy} lgb|fdf c;'ljwf a9\nf, afFsLsf] lbgdf nfdf] ofqf z/L/df :j:ytf 5fpg'sf] ;fy} jfxg ;'v ldNgfn] dg k|zGg /xnf . dGq M ç gdf] gf/fo0ffo M.

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cfh ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'gfn] dg k|km'Nn /xg]5, @^–@* ut];Dd 3/sf] lrGtfn] ;tfpg]5, afFsLsf] lbgdf eg] ;Gtfgaf6 ;'v k|flKt, zq' gfzsf] ;fy} /f]uaf6 d'lQm ldNg]5 . dGq M ç x|L+ efUof]bo x|L+ gdM . @%–@* ut];Dd cfsl:ds wgnfe, bfh'efO{sf] ;xof]udf sfo{ ;kmn xf]nf, ;f]daf/ eg] k]6df ljsf/sf] ;fy} hnsf] eo klg /xnf, #)–#! ut] rflxF kl/jf/af6 k|z:t ;xof]u k|flKt xf]nf . dGq M ç /fdfo gdM . @%–@( ut] ;Dd ;ftf z'e /x]sf] x'Fbf dfg ;Ddfg k|flKt, af]nLsf] k|efj a9\g], cw'/f sfo{ ;xif{ ;kmn /x]sf] x'Fbf dlq ;'v xf]nf, clGtd @ lbg eg] b':jKg bz{gsf] ;fy} cfkmGt;Fu} j}/efj j[l4 xf]nf . dGq M ç Sn]zljzfo SnL+ gdM . cfh ;do s]xL v/f] ePsf] x'Fbf df]6f] wg/fzL vr{sf] ;fy} ckdfg klg ;xg'knf{, afFsLsf lbg pkxf/ cflb j:t'nfe, k/fqmd, ;fx;, w}o{tf j[l4sf] ;fy} dg k|zGg /xnf . dGq M ç ;fDa;bf lzjfo gdM .

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