issue_21

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

If]qLo :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

P;O{O{ z'?, *!! ljBfyL{ 36] @$ cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 22 Mar. 2018) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!#*, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h *±^ www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

w'lnv]n÷cfhaf6 P;O{O{ kl/Iff z'? ePsf] 5 . k/LIffsf nflu k/LIffs]Gb|, k|Zgkq / pQ/k'l:tsf, s]Gb|fWoIf ;lxtsf] ;'/Iff Aoj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 . P;Pn;Laf6 P;O{O{ eP nuQ} of] kl/Iffdf ljBfyL{, cleefjs / ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] rf;f] sd x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . sIff !@ ;Ddsf] lzIffnfO{

nf]slk|o dtn] agfof] dGqL ag]kf÷k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cfn]L kl5 bf> ] f] nfs ] lko| dt kf|Kt ug]{ lhNnfsf oj'f gt]f, ki|6aQmf, kqsf/, /fhgLlts ljZni]fs ufs ] n' af:sf6]fnfO{ Sofljg6] ;lxtsf] /fHodGqL lgol'Qm u/k]l5 awfO{ / ze'sfdgfsf] cfO]/{f] nfus ] f] 5 . af:sf6]f @)&) ;fnsf]

;l+jwfg ;ef lgjf{rgdf gk]fnL sfu+;]|sf s~rgrG› jfb;]uF lemgf] dtn] k/flht ePsf lyP . @)&$ ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf sfe]| Ifq] gDa/ @ af6 gk]fnL sfu+;]|sf lhNnf ;efkltnfO{ !* xhf/ & ;o &# dtn] k/flht u/s ] f lyP . af:sf6]fn] %% xhf/ % ;o @^ dt kf|Kt ub}{

kw|fgdGqL cfn]L kl5sf] bf;]f|] nfs ] kL|o dt kf|Kt u/s ] f lyP . lgs6td kl|t:kwL{{ gk]fnL sfu+;]|sf dw' cfrfon{] #^ xhf/ & ;o %# dt kf|Kt u/s ] f lyP . sfek]|nf~rfs ] lhNnfaf6 kqsf/ dxf;3 + sf] ;b:otf lnPsf af:sf6]fn] ;Dafw]g ;fKtflxs ks | fzg ul//xs ] f 5g\ . kj"{ dGqL sz ] j a8fn, kj"{ /fHo dGqL ufl]jGbgfy pkt]|L kl5sf af:sf6]f Sofljg6] dGqL eP . dfcfj]fbLaf6 ;o'd{fg bfË] klg o;cl3 /fHodGqL ePsf lyP . k;]| rft}f/L sfen]|] ;:+yfks ;lrj /fHodGqL af:sf6]fnfO{ awfO{ tyf ze'sfdgf lbPsf] lyof] . cWoIf ej'g /fodfemLn] /fHodGqL af:sf6]fnfO{ awfO{ tyf sfos { fn ;kmntfsf] ze'sfdgf AoQm ub}{ af:sf6]fsf] gt]T[jdf lhNnf / /fi6d«} ;r " gf / ;r + f/ Ifq]df xg'] kl/jtg{nfO{ ;:+yfut agfpbF} nh}fg' kg]{ / dn's ' ;Dj4[tkm{ cuf8L a9fpg' kg]{ atfP .

sf] xg'\ /fHodGqL af:sf6]f < kqsf/sf] cw'/f] sfe|k] nf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ;fljs gofFufpF uflj; xfnsf] d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf–$ gofFufpF r}gk'/df @)@& ;fndf a'af xl/k|;fb / cfdf afns'df/Lsf] sf]vaf6 hlGdPsf af:sf]6f $ bfh'–efO{dWo]sf sfG5f x'g\ . af:sf]6f sIff # df k9\bf @)#^ ;fnsf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng ePsf] lyof] . Tolta]n} jfd k[i7e"dLsf u'?x?sf] s'/f ;'g]kl5 pgdf /fhgLlts r]tgf geP klg gofF sf}t'xntf hfu[t ePsf] lyof] . dflyNnf] sIffdf k9\g csf]{ :s"ndf uPkl5 klg jfdkGyL lzIfsx?;Fu pgsf] ;+ut x'gk'Uof] . cfkm";lxtsf k':tsfno sld6Lsf ;fyLx?n] ?;L,

ejg aGg]

lrlgofF / sf]l/ofnL afnsyfx? cWoog u/L sDo'lg:6 ljrf/;Fu sf] glhlsPsf pgL a]ns ' L–a]ns ' L u'?x?sf] k|lzIf0fkl5 jfdkGyL cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldPsf lyP . cWoog ul//x]sf] ljBfnodf u'?x?nfO{ c/fli6«o ultljlw u/]sf] eGg] cf/f]k nufP/ ljBfnoaf6 lgsflnof] To;kl5 pgL 8]8Ly'Dsf :s"ndf k9\g uP . Tof] :s"n jfdkGyL cfGbf]ngsf] s]G›ljGb'df g} lyof] . pgL To;cl3 g} sIff % df cWoog ubf{ cg]/f:jljo'df cfj4 eO;s]sf lyP .

tTsflng zs + / kfv ] /n] ;r + f/dGqL xbF'f ;r + f/ dGqfnoaf6 kf|Kt ;xofu]af6 z?' ePsf] gk]fn kqsf/ dxf;3 + sfe]| zfvfsf] ejg lhNnfs} oj'f gt]f dfglgo ufs ] n' af:sf6]f ;r + f/ tyf ;r ' gf kl|jlw /fHodGqL ePsf] an]f k0"f{ xg'] ePsf] 5 . k|;] rf}tf/L g]kfn sfe|n] ] cfof]hgf u/]sf] awfO{ sfo{qmddf af]Nb} /fHodGqL af:sf]6fn] kf]v/]nn] z'? u/]sf] ejgsf] cw'/f] sfo{ k'/f ug{] k|ltj4tf AoQm u/]sf x'g\ . k|;] rf}tf/L g]kfnsf ;+:yfks ;lrj /x]sf af:sf]6f lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf ;+oGqdf k|ltlglw x'bF f kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] ejg af“sL !) k]hdf

‘;+rf/af6 ;Dj[l4 x'g]5’

d}n] h] eG5' Tolx dfq n]Vg';\ . afËf] l6Ëf] gagfpg';\ . d}n] k|fKt u/]sf] cj;/ sfe|k] nf~rf]s lhNnfsf ;a} If]qsf AolQmx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] cj;/ xf] . o;nfO{ lhNnfn] pknlAwdf abNg' k5{ . o;sf nflu lhNnfaf;Lx?sf] ;xof]u, ;Nnfx / cfnf]rgf rfxG5' . ;+rf/ If]qsf] o'unfO{ cfw'lgstfdf k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;"rgf k|ljlwdf cfPsf] lta|td ljsf;n] ljs[ltx?nfO{ klg hGdfPsf] 5 . To;nfO{ lgoGq0f u/]/ ;Dj[4 ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{k' 5{ . ;"rgf 1fg xf] . zlQm xf] . ljWj+;sf] s'g} dfWod ;+rf/ aGg' x'bF g} . ;"rgfdf cfPsf] qmflGtn] dfgj hLjgnfO{ ;xh agfPsf] 5 . vf;u/L ;+rf/nfO{ dfq} xf]Og{ hLjg g} abn]sf] 5 . dfgj hfltnfO{ Pp6} 8fnf] leq Nofpg ;s]sf] 5 . /fi6«sf] ;Dj[4 olx dfkm{t abNg' k5{ . kqsfl/tf leqsf y'k}| ;d:ofx?

5g\ . ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+:yfx?;Fu, lj1x?sf] k/fdz{df o;sf] ljsf;nfO{ cuf8L a9fO{g] 5 . :jtGqtfnfO{ s'g} lsl;dn] s'l07t gx'g] u/L af“sL !# k]hdf

‘;Dj[l4, lgdf{0f / ;b'kof]u’ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw /fHodGqL uf]sn' af:sf]6fn] casf] ;do Gofo ;lxtsf] lgdf{0f, ;Dj[4 / ;b'kof]u ug{} cj;/ ePsf] atfPsf 5g\ . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] bf]>f] gu/ ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{} /fHodGqL af:sf]6fn] ;+qmd0fsfnsf] bzs ;lsPsfn] ca ljsf;sf] o'usf] z'?jft ePsf] atfP . gu/ ;efdf ;Daf]wg ub{} ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw

/fHodGqL af:sf]6fn] d'ns ' gofF ofqfdf cuf8L a9]sfn] lhDd]jf/L ;lxtsf] e"ldsfdf /x]sfx?n] ;dfh / b]z abNg] ;+sNk lng' kg{] atfP . …clwsf/k|fKtLsf] cfGbf]ng ;lsof], cjsf] ;do k|fKt clwsf/nfO{ k|of]u ub{} gful/sx?nfO{ ;+ljwfgdf ePsf ;a} Aoj:yf sfof{Gjog u/]/ b]vfpg] xf]Ú–/fHodGqL af:sf]6fn] eg]–…lgjf{rgsf a]nf afFsL @ k]hdf

dfWolds tx;Ddsf] lzIff agfP nuQ} cleefjsx?n] klg P;O{O{nfO{ vf;} dxTj lbPsf 5}gg\ . k/LIffdf & xhf * ;o ( ljBfyL{ ;xeflu x'g]5g\ . h;df ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf lgodlt tkm{sf % xhf/ $ ;o # ljBfyL{ /x]sf 5g\ eg] ;+:yfut ljBfnosf lgoldt tkm{sf ljBfyL{ @ xhf/ ! ;o @^ hgf /x]sf 5g\ .

PShfD6]8 tkm[ ! ;o af“sL !) k]hdf

:yfgLo ;/sf/sf gd'gf sfd

ag]kfsf] xfO{6df Eo' 6fj/ ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] rfn' jif{ leq} sfo{ z'? ug{] u/L j8f gDj/ % / ^ df /x]sf] r08]Zj/L, uf];fO{:yfg nufotsf] If]qdf Eo' 6fj/ / cfjZos cGo ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0f ug{] ePsf] 5 .

Eo' 6fj/ lgdf{0fsf nflu gu/ k|dv ' nIdL g/l;+ afb] >]i7sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ( ;b:oLo ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . gu/kflnsfsf] kmfu'g @% ut] a;]sf] af]8{ a}7sn] pQm If]qdf cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6sLo If]qsf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ;DefjgfnfO{ Vofn u/L gu/kflnsfsf] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 tyf sfo{qmddf ;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf] pQm If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu r08]Zj/L b]lv zlxn :df/s / Eo' 6fj/;Dd hfg] l;F9L, agef]h kfs{ lgdf{0fsf nflu cWoog lgl/If0f, ;e{]If0f ug{] sfo{ eO{/x]sfn] hg;xeflutfdf cfwfl/t of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ sfo{bn u7g ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . gu/ k|dv ' afb] ;+of]hs /x]sf] ;ldltdf j8f cWoIfx? an/fd clwsf/L, ;lrtfgGb s];L, j0f{ zfSo, sfo{kflnsf ;b:o pdf a}B / /fhgs'df/L a}bf/, j8f ;b:ox? s[i0fd0fL s'Os { n] / lji0f'gf/fo0f >]i7, of]hgf clws[t o1k|;fb a}B /x]sf 5g\ .

To:t} ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] rfn' jif{s} of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdaf6 gu/ :t/Lo of]hgfsf] k'0odftf sl/8f]/sf nflu @% nfv /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 . h];LjL vl/bsf nflu ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] /sd dWo]af6 /sdfGt/ u/L k'0odftf sl/8f]/df u|fe]n nufotsf] sfo{ ul/g] ePsf] xf] . To:t} ag]kf a;kfs{nfO{ yk Aojl:yt agfpg km'6kfy x6fP;Fu} a; ;]jf ;a} a;kfs{af6 z'? ug{] u/L %) nfv /sd a;kfs{ ;'wf/sf nflu ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . To:t} ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] r}q @ ut] a;]sf] a}7sn] gu/kflnsfsf ;a} j8fx?df /x]sf] ;fj{hlgs hUuf, klt{ hUuf, rf]s, kf}jf, kf6L / d7 dlGb/, af“sL !) k]hdf

ADMISSION OPEN ! ADMISSION OPEN !!

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Admission Notice for the year 2075 Play Group - Class 5

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x:tfGt/0fdf cfn6fn ;+ljwfgn] u/]sf] Aoj:yf cg';f/ lhNnfdf /x]sf ;/sf/L sfof{nox? :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] dftxt hfg] qmddf l9nfO{ ePsf] 5. klxnf] r/0fdf r}q @* ut] leq sfof{no x:tfGt/0f ug{] tof/Lsf nflu lgb{]zg lbP klg ;':ttf eO{/x]sf] 5. lhNnfdf /x]sf em08} rf/ bh{g ;/sf/L sfof{no dWo] lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{non] dftxtsf ;a} :jf:Yo ;+:yfx? :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/L ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog z'? u/]sf] 5. :jf:Yo kl5 s[lif, kz' ;]jf sfof{non] klg cfkm\gf] tof/L ul/x]sf 5g\ . dfnkf]t, gfkL, ag nufotsf sfof{nox? cem} :yfgLo ;/sf/ dftxt hfg] tof/Ldf 5}gg\. dfnkf]t sfof{non] l8lh6n k|0ffnL b]vfpFb} :yfgLo ;/sf/;Fu k|ljlw / :yfg cefj eGb} hfg c6]/ ul//x]sf] 5 eg] gfkL sfof{non] klg afxfgf vf]lh/x]sf] 5.

Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no ;d]t :yfgLo ;/sf/ lgjflrt ePsf] em08} Ps jif{;Dd ;b/d'sfdd} al;/x]sf] 5. s]lGb|s[t /fHo k|0ffnL / To;sf cjojx?n] :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ clwsf/ lbg lxlRsrfO/x]sf 5g\. lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{non] u/]sf] x:tfGt/0f k|s[ofnfO{ ;d]t s]lx sfof{non] c;xh dflg/x]sf 5g\. ;+ljwfgn] :ki6 ?kdf clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ul/;s]sf] cj:yfdf klg sfof{nox? P]g, sfg'g b]vfP/ pDsg] tof/L vf]lh/x]sf 5g\. lzIff sfof{ n osf] csf{ ] a]lylt 5. a]lytL hlt :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]/ lzIfs ;?jfsf] sfd cfkm} /flv/x]sf] 5. s'g lzIfs s'g :yfgLo ;/sf/df sfhdf uP/ tna vfO{/x]sf] 5 < To;sf] /]s8{ ;d]t 5}g. :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt lzIfsx?sf] tna eQf Tolx a]lyltsf sf/0f ;dod} pknAw x'g ;s]sf] 5}g. ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?sf] cj:yf bogLo aGb} uPsf] 5. cGo sfof{nox?sf] cj:yf klg To:t} 5. l8lehg ;xsf/L, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u, e"ld Aoj:yfkg, e'–;+/If0f sfof{nox?sf] cj:yf To:t} 5. ;/sf/ u7gdf l9nfO{ x'Fbf ;dod} P]g sfg'gx? algg;Sbf ;/sf/L sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx?sf] Aoj:yfkg ;d]t x'g ;s]sf] 5}g. sd{rf/L Aoj:yfkgsf] Ps jif{ ;a}eGbf 7'nf] ;+qmd0fsfn /x\of]. sfof{nodf sfd 5}g, sd{rf/Lx? xflh/ u/]/ lx8\g' k/]sf] 5 ptf :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ sd{rf/L 5}gg\. sd{rf/L lgo'lQm ug{] clwsf/ ;d]t lbPsf] cj:yf 5}g . lhNnfdf !# j6f :yfgLo ;/sf/ 5g\. ^ j6f gu/kflnsf / & j6f ufpFkflnsfsf k|d'v tyf pkk|d'vx? ;lxtsf] pkl:yltdf :jf:Yosf ;Dk"0f{ ;+:yfx? x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5. lhNnfdf /x]sf] Pp6f ;/sf/L c:ktfn, rf/j6f k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|, *^ j6f :yfgdf :jf:Yo rf}sL, # j6f :t/pGglt ug{ afFsL pk :jf:Yo rf}sL, zx/L :jf:Yo s]Gb| ( j6f, ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo O{sfO{ !@ j6f, vf]k s]Gb| # ;o #! j6f, ufpF3/ lSnlgs # ;o @ j6f / dlxnf :jf:Yo :j+d;]ljsf ( ;o &* hgf x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5. To:t} ;fd'bflos / lghL c:ktfnx?df w'lnv]n c:ktfn, lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfn, ckfË afn c:ktfn tyf k'gM:yfkgf s]Gb|, :kfO{gn OGh'/L pkrf/ k'gM:yfkgf s]Gb|, /]o'sfO{ df;'gfuf cfFvf c:ktfn / cGo gLlh c:ktfnx? ljleGg :yfgdf /x]sf] cj:yfd} To;sf] ;d]t /]vb]v ug{] u/L lhDd]jf/L x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5. t/ sd{rf/L eg] cem} x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5}g . sd{rf/L cefjs} sf/0f :yfgLo ;/sf/n] lbg] ;]jfx?df u'gf;f] cfO{/x]sf] 5 . :yfgLo ;/sf/sf ! ;o #% j8f dWo] #! j8fdf s'g} klg :jf:Yo ;+:yf g/x]sf], l/Qm b/jGbLsf sf/0f :jf:Yo ;]jfdf sl8gfO{, g;g{] s8f /f]usf] pkrf/ tyf Aoj:yfkg, vf]k sfo{qmdsf nflu EoflS;g tyf vf]k ;fdfu|L lg/Gt/ lgoldt cfk"lt{, /fHon] lgMz'Ns ljt/0fsf nflu tf]s]sf cf}ifwLx?, lgof]hgsf ;fwgx? pknAw u/fpg sl7g x'g] atfO{Psf] 5. sfof{no x:tfGt/0f;Fu} k|fKt hf]lvdx? Go'lgs/0f ug{ tTsfn P]g, sfgg' lgdf{0fdf hf]8 lbg' k5{ .

;"rgf hyfefjL cfuf] afNbf x'g;Sg] cfunfuLsf b'3{6gfx?af/] ;r]t u/fpg] / o:tf s'/fx?af6 ;hu /xg s]6fs]6Ldf hgr]tgf hufpg] sfo{df ;xof]u u/f}+ . g]kfn ;/sf/

s]=lk= cf]nL ;/sf/sf] r'gf}tL / ;'wf/ ug{'kg{] kIfx? o;}jif{ cyf{t @)&$ d+l;/df ;DkGg ePsf] k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;efsf] lgjf{rgaf6 jfdkIf -Pdfn]±dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ nfO{ sl/a b'O{ltxfO{ ax'dt k|fKt ePsf] 5 . kl/0ffd :j?k k|b]z @ afx]s cGo ^ cf]6f k|b]zdf Pdfn]±dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf] u7aGwg ;/sf/ alg;s]sf] 5 . s]Gb|sf] ;+3Lo tyf /fli6«o ;/sf/ klg g]skf Pdfn]sf] cWoIf s= s]kL zdf{ cf]nLsf] g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ u7g e};s]sf] s]xL lbgd} dw]z s]lGb|t bnx?nfO{ klg ;xdltdf NofP/ k"0f{ ;/sf/ agfpg] tof/Ldf /x]sf] klg ;j{ljlbt} 5 . oBlk b'O{ltxfO{sf] alnof] ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj k|wfgdGqL s]=kL= zdf{ cf]nLn] ub{} 5g\ . tfklg of] ;/sf/sf ;fd' y'k|} r'gf}tLx? /x]sf 5g\ . h'g r'gf}tLx? Tolt ;xh ?kdf ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g . ;/sf/sf] nflu ;aeGbf 7"nf] r'gf}tL eg]sf] g} ;sf/fTds sfo{x?sf nflu k|0ffnL a;fNg' /x]sf] 5 . hals g]kfndf ;lbof}+b]lv nflbFb} cfPsf] unt k/Dk/fx? /x]sf 5g\ eg] sltko gofF unt sfo{x?n] klg k/Dk/fsf] hu a;fNg] k|of;x? e}/x]sf 5g\ . o;nfO{ x]bf{ s'g 7fpF / s'g sfd /fd|f] 5 egL kfpg d'l:sn e};s]sf] 5 . of]eGbf cl3sf] Oltxf;nfO{ x]g{] xf] eg] b]zs} g]t[Tj ug{] lhDdf kfPsf /fhf, dxf/fhf, k|wfgdGqL, dGqLx? tyf ;/sf/sf pRr cf]xbfsf JolQmx? g} ;a}eGbf e|i6 / sfg'gnfO{ pNn+3g ug{] dxfck/flwx?sf] ?kdf lrlgb} cfPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg, P]g, lgod tyf /fHodf ;'zf;g sfod /fVgsf nflu agfOPsf ;a} sfg'gx?nfO{ sfg'g lgdf{tfx?af6} nTofpFb} lvNnL p8fPsf] pbfx/0fx? cg]sf}+ 5g\ . rfx] /fHo ;+rfngsf] lhDdf kfPsf k|wfgdGqL, dGqLx? lsg gx"g\ . /fHosf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf kfPsf] hËL ;]gf egf} jf d'ns ' df zflGt ;'Joj:yfsf] lhDdf kfPsf] k|x/L k|zf;g lsg gx'g e|i6frf/, 3';vf]/Lsf] s'08n] k'l/Psf] 5 . oltdfq ge} cGofo / cTofrf/sf] k/fsfi7fn] kLl8t ag]/ Gofo dfUg hfg] JolQmn] Gofo kfpgaf6 alGrt 5, pN6} ck/flwx?nfO{ pGd'lQmsf] xf};nf k|fKt 5 . zf]lift, kLl8tx?sf] kIfdf Gofofno aGg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . eG;f/, dfnkf]t / gfkL sfof{nox? e|i6 JolQmx?sf] k};f a6'Ng] @ g+= sf] s]Gb| ag]sf] 5 . lghfdlt ;+3, ;+u7gsf] gfddf ;/sf/n] cx|fPsf] / v6fPsf] 7fpFdf hfg c6]/ u/L ;/sf/nfO{ c;kmn kfg{] ;Ddsf c/fhs sd{rf/Lx? aGg k'us ] f] 5 eg] ptf pBf]u, Jofkf/ h:tf If]qdf sfd ug{] pBf]uL / Jofkfl/s klg cj;/jfbL, t:s/L / sfnf]ahf/Lsf] wGbfdf s]lGb|t x'g yfn]sf] 5 . cem} logLx? eGbf klg Ps sbd cl3 a9]/ ljgf >d . ljgf nufgL @ ?k}ofsf] kmf]gsf] e/df ljrf}l/of / bnfnL agL pTkfbs / pkef]Qmf b'j} kIfnfO{ 7Ugdf ;kmn 5 . j}bl] zs /f]huf/df nufpg] gfddf sltko Dofgkfj/ sDkgLx?n] nfvf}n+ fv 7Ug] sfd u/]sf] 5 . /fd|f] / :t/Lo lzIff lbg] gfddf lzIffnfO{ Jofkf/Ls/0f u/L k|f/lDes sIffx?df ;d]t nfvf}+ z'Ns c;'n/] k};f sdfpg] rf]vf] dfWod aGg vf]hs ] f] 5, ag]sf] 5 . rf]/dfly rsf/ eg]em} pkNnf] 7]sbf/L, e|i6rf/L, t:s/L / @ gDa/L gjwgf9\ox?nfO{ kmf]g wDsL lbFb} k};f n'6g\ , c;'Ng ;kmn 5g\ sltko …8g u'k| Ú x? . of] t eP cfly{s ;/f]sf/;Fu ;DalGwt cfGtl/s u}/ s[ofsnfksf s'/fx? . ;/sf/sf] csf{] r'gf}tLsf] ljifo eg]sf] cfkm\g} kf6L{leqaf6 pTkGg x'g] 3ft, cGt{3ft, cGt/lj/f]w nufot kf6L{ ljefhg, jlx{udg cflb x'g\ eg] cGo bnx?af6 ul/g] 8fxf, O{iof{ / k|ltzf]wfTds sfo{x? klg r'gf}tLsf ljifo x'g\ . h;n] ;/sf/n] /fd|f] sfd u/]/ h; gkfcf];\ egL sfdgf ul//x]sf x'G5g\ . x/]s lsl;dsf ck/flws k|j[lQ ug{ pS;fpg] / ;'zf;g sfod /fVg g;s]sf] egL rsf{] lj/f]w u/]/ hgdt cfkm\gf] kIfdf kfg{ vf]Hg] cflb cflb .

To:t}u/L ;/sf/sf nflu csf{] r'gf}tL eg]sf] cGt/fli6«o ;DaGw / d]nldnfk /x]s]f 5 . o;df klg vf;u/L b'O{ 3lgi7 l5d]sL

;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno sf] xg'\ ======= ;"rgf ljefu

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8l]8yD'sf uPkl5 :sn" klg 7n"f] / /fhgLltsf] sG]› klg ePsfn] k~rfot ;dys { x? eP klg ToxfF jfdkGyLx?sf] lgSs} /fdf|] l:ylt lyof] . si[0fsd'f/ >i]7, sd'f/ vs/'n], efge'Qm yklnof nufotsf u?'x? lyP . an]s ' L ;u+7g ug,{] ls;fx?sfd]f hfg,] gf6s bv]fpg] h:tf ultljlwdf af:sf6]f ;lqmo eP . 7Ls ToxL ;dodf $) ;fnlt/ lk:s/ xTofsf08 eof] . To;sf] lj/fw]df 88]LyD'sfbl]v hn';'sf] gt]T[j ub{} pgL kfrFvfn rfs } L;Dd uPsf lyP . k:'tsfno sld6L, /8]qm;, cg/]f:jljo' kf|/lDes sld6Lsf] cWoIfsf] lhDdj]f/L jxg u/s ] f pgL oy'lnusf] ;lrj eP/ cuh|x?;uF lg/Gt/ nfUb} uP . @)$# ;fndf hgkIfLo pDdå]f/nfO{ ;lqmotfkj"s { ;xofu] u/s ] f af:sf6]fn] ljBfyL{ /fhgLltdf )$@÷$# bl]v clvnsf] lhNnf ;b:o, Onfsf sld6Lsf] cWoIf, lhNnf sld6Lsf] ;lrj, lhNnfsf] cWoIf eP/ lhDdj]f/L jxg u/s ] f lyP .

/fi6«x?;Fu x'g] Jojxf/af6 klg ;/sf/ ;+rfngdf k|efj kg{] ub{5 . o;df blIf0f l5d]sLsf] /fi6« ef/tn] lng] g]kfnk|ltsf] x]g{] gLltn] 7"nf] k|efj kfg{] ub{5 . :d/0fLo 5 ef/tn] g]kfnnfO{ cfkm\gf] d'7Ldf kfg{] lgotdf kl/jt{g gcfP;Dd s'g}klg a]nf /fhgLlts bafj, cfly{s, Jofkf/Ls, gfsfaGbLsf] dfWodn] b]z tyf /fHonfO{ cK7]/f]df kfg{ ;Sg] s'/fk|lt ;b}j ;hu /xg}k5{ . To;}n] oL ofjt r'gf}tLx?;Fu ;fdgf ub{} of] ;/sf/nfO{ cufl8 a9\gk' g{] afWosf/L cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . ctM s]=kL=cf]nL ;/sf/n] lgDg kIfx?df uDeL/tfsf ;fy Wofg lbFb} k|efjsf/L sbd rfNg cfjZos 5 . != ;/sf/ l:y/ / alnof] x'gk' 5{ M ;j{ky| d t b]z alnof] / cfly{s ?kdf ;an x'gsf] nflu ;/sf/ ;

cfhsf] ljrf/ hLPg k|wfg

cem}klg nfvf}+ dflg;x? ;fdfGo l;6fdf]n ;d]t gkfO{ csfndf Hofg u'dfO{ /x]sf 5g\ eg] ptf jiff{}+;Dd pRr cf]xbfdf /x]/ cg]sf}+ cfly{s ;'ljwfk|fKt u/L cjsfz k|fKt u/]sfx?nfO{ hLjge/ pRr ;'ljwf ;lxtsf] eQf Joj:yf ug{' slQsf] hfoh xf] l:y/ / alnof] x'g cfjZos 5 . ljutdf h:t} ;/sf/ cfnf]kfnf] u/L k|wfgdGqL / dGqLx?sf] efu k'¥ofpg] s'/faf6 6f9} /xg' k5{ . kf6L{leqsf g]tf / ;f+;bx? klg dGqL aGg] cfsf+Iffaf6 6f9f /lx ;f+;b dfq} eP/ klg hgtfsf] ;]js aGgdf b[9 ;+sNk x'g'k5{ . hf];'s} JolQm dGqL ePklg k"0f{?kdf ;xof]u ug{'k5{ / dGqL ePsfx?n] klg hgtfsf ;/f]sf/sf ljifox?df dfq Wofg s]lGb|t ug{k' 5{ . k"jf{ux| L efjnfO{ k"0f{?kdf cGTo u/L lg:kIftfsf] k/Dk/f a;fNg ;Sg'k5{ . cfkm\gf] :jfy{sf] nflu nljË, 5ljË, bnabn ug{] ;f]rfO{df kl/jt{g Nofpg'k5{ . Ifdtf / cf}sft cg';f/ lhDd]jf/Lsf] n]gb]g x'g'k5{ . ljZjf;sf] dt lbPsf bnx?nfO{ ljZjfl;nf] Jojxf/ ub{} cl3 a9\g ;Sg'k5{ . s'g} s;}nfO{ em'Sofpg] / wf]sf lbg] sfd ug{'x'Gg . cGo bn tyf kf6L{n] jf kf6L{sf sfo{stf{n] klg kf6L{sf] ;/sf/ /x]sf] dx;'; ug{ ;sf];\ . of] ;/sf/k|lt lvGg x'gk' g{] cj:yf gcfcf];\ . @= e|i6frf/, 3';vf]/L, sldzgvf]/Lsf] k"0f{ cGTo x'gk' 5{ M /fHo ;/sf/nfO{ abgfd / c;kmn kfg{] ;aeGbf 7"nf] /f]u xf] e|i6frf/, 3';vf]/L / sldzgvf]/L . h'g cxln] ;aeGbf 8/nfUbf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . e|i6frf/ / 3'; vfg] k|jl[ Qaf6 d'Qm s'gk} lg 7fpF afFsL /x]sf] 5}g . emg cfhef]ln sldzg / ljrf}lnof tyf bnfnL k|jl[ Qn] /fHosf ;a} If]qdf g/fd|f;] uF k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . 7]sbf/L If]qdf sldzg ljqmLsf] rnv]nn] cfsfz 5f]Psf] 5 . jf:tljs ljsf; lgdf{0fdf k'Ubf sl/a #%Ü df em/]sf] kfOG5 . eG;f/, dfnkf]t, e"ld;'wf/, gfkL sfof{no cflb h:tf 7fpFx?df sf]7l} kR5], JolQmlkR5] gub e]6Lsf] laulauL a9]sf] 5 . ;o ?k}of b]lv nfvf}+ ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] 3'; vfg] k|jl[ Qn] ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 . t;y{ of] If]qx?df x'g] r/d cfly{s clgoldttf tyf e|i6frf/, 3'; vf]/LnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ #÷# dlxgfdf sd{rf/Lx?sf] kl/jt{g ug{ cfjZos 5 eg] Jofks ?kdf u'Ktr/ / clVtof/sf JolQmx? kl/rfng ug{ cfjZos 5 . 5fgljgaf6 k'li6 ePsfnfO{ xb};Ddsf] sf/jfxL ug{k' b{5 . s'gk} lg bn ljz]ifsf] ;dy{gsf cf8df pGd'lQm kfpg] sfo{af6 cGTo x'gk' 5{ . #= l9nf;':tL / sRrL sfd ug{x] ?nfO{ s8f sf/jfxL x'gk' 5{ M b]z ljsf;df ca/f]w k'¥ofpg] kIf eg]sf] l9nf;':tL / sRrL sfd klg xf] . ;dod} ;DkGg x'gk' g{] sfdx? jiff{l+} b ;Dd nufP/ klg sfddf :t/Lotf tyf u'0f:t/Lo sfdx? ePsf] 5}g . 7]sbf/L k|jl[ Qsf ;8sx? # dlxgf klg glaTb} hL0f{ x'g yfNb5 . sldzg, 3'; / e|i6frf/sf] rnv]ndf k6sk6s Tolx JolQm / Tolx sfdnfO{ lhDdf lbg] sfd ePs]f 5 . lgdf{0f x'bF fx'bF } jf lgdf{0f ePsf] ^ dlxgf gk'Ub} ;8s, k'nx? elTsg] efFlrg] ePsf] 5 .

dGqfnosf dGqL, ;lrj x'bF } OlGhlgo/ / 7]sbf/ ;a} sldzg / 3';df rln/x]sf] 5 . To;}n] ha;Dd oL ;Da[4 kIfx?nfO{ s8f b08 ;hfoFsf] Joj:yf x'bF g} ta;Dd o;df ;'wf/ cfpg] 5}g . ;dod} sfd ;Sg] lglZrt cjlw / ;DkGg ePsf] sfdsf] Uof/]G6Lsf] dfkb08sf] lgwf{/0f ub{} Iflsf] ljuf] k"lt{ ug{] Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos 5 .o:tf JolQmx? /fHo ;/sf/ / ljs;f lgdf{0fsf dxfck/flw ePsf] x'bF f kmf}hbf/L dxfck/flwdf ;"rLs[t u/L sf/jfxL ug{ nfUg'k5{ . /, ;dod} / u'0f:t/Lo sfd ug{] 7]sbf/, sDkgLnfO{ cfsif{s k'/:sf/sf] klg Joj:yf ug{k' 5{ . $= sfnf] ahf/L, t:s/L / s[ltd cefjsf] l;h{gfsf] cGTo M dflg; dfqsf] nflu b}lgs Jojxf/df k|of]u x'g] cTofjZossf ;fdfgx? tyf b}lgs pkef]Uosf ;fdfgx?sf] ljsf; / k|of]u a9\bf] ?kdf 5 . h;n] dflg;sf] hLjg afFRg / arfpg]bl] v cf/fdbfoL hLjg latfpgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] sfd ub{5 . o:tf hLjg pkof]uL ;fdfgx?sf] pTkfbg, lgdf{0f, cfoft, lgof{t / ljt/0f k|0ffnLdf r':t 5l/tf] / ;'ne x'g cToGt cfjZos 5 . h;af6 ;Dk"0f{ pkef]Qmf hgtfx?n] /fd|f] ;'ljwf /x]sf] cg'ej ug{ ;Sb5g\ . cfhef]lnsf pBf]uklt / Jofkf/Lx? hgtf tyf pkef]QmfnfO{ ;]jf k'¥ofpg] / Gofof]lrt tyf plrt gfkmf lngdf eGbf klg df}sfdf rf}sf xfGg'k5{ eGg] plQm h:t} d'n'sdf clnslt /fhgLlts jftfj/0f ljlu|g] ljlQs} df}sf oxL xf] egL s[ltd ;d:of l;h{gf u/L pTkfbgdf sdL Nofpg], lg/Gt/ pTkfbg x'Fbfx'Fb} pTkfbg ug{ cj/f]w cfPsf] jfxfgf u/L pBf]uklt :jod\ ;fdfg n'sfpg], d"No j[l4 ug{], olx cj;/df Jofkf/Lx? klg ;fdfgdf s[ltd cefj l;h{gf u/L /ftf/ft d"No j[l4 ug{] . o:t} eG;f/df a:g] /fh:j ;+sng ug{} lhDdf kfPsf JolQmx? 3'; / sldzg kfpgsf] nflu xKtf}+, dlxgf} lbg;Dd ;fdfgx? /f]s]/ /flvlbg] . sltko ;fdfgx? lard} ufoa agfpg] / ;fdfgdf d"Noj[l4 ug{ afWo kfg{] x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ .

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hGd, afNosfn, cf}krfl/s lzIffM @)$% ;fn kmfu'g @! ut] ;fljs d]R5] ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt xfnsf] t]dfn ufpFkflnsf * ef]{HofËdf d]/f] hGd eof] . hgHof]tL k|fylds ljBfnodf @)%@ ;fndf egf{ ePF . 3/ eGbf !% ldg]6 6f9f lyof] ljBfno . lgdfjL / dfjL cWoogsf nflu 3/af6 @ 306f 6f9fsf] ljBfno d+unhgljho dfjLdf hfg' kb{Yof] . k|fljaf6 lgdflj hfFbf @@ hgf ljBfyL{x? dWo] d c;fWo} ;fgf] lyPF . k|wfgfWofksn] d]/f] zfl/l/s cj:yf b]v]/ k|wfgfWofks zDe' ;/n] k|df0fkq lbg} dfGg' ePg . ;flyx?sf] dfof / ddtf b]v]/ d}n] dflgg . pxfFx? h;/L lx8\g' x'G5 d To;/L g} hfG5' eg]/ sIff ^ df egf{ ePF . af9Lsf] a]nf c;fWo} ;d:of lyof] . k'naf6 hfg cfpg 6f8f lyof] . ljxfg & ah]sf] ;dod} vfgf vfP/ lg:sg' kb{Yof] . bfh' lbbLx?n] sIff & ;Dd eGbf yk cWoog ug]{ cj:yf ldn]sf] lyPg . Tolt rfF8} ljBfno hfFbf klg xfdL 3/df 3fF; sf6]/ / c? sfd ;d]t ;s]/ ljBfno hfg' kb{Yof] . cfdfn] ksfPsf] tftf] vfgf slxn] vfg EofO{GYof] . slxn] ef]s} ljBfno uP/ a]n'sf ;fFem 3/df cfP/ Ps} k6s vfgf vfg] rng lyof] . ljBfnodf vfhf vfg] eGg] s'/} lyPg . c;fWo} b'vsf lbgx? ljtfP/ ljBfno hLjg ;lsof] . d+un hgljho dfljdf sIff ^ df @ ;o ^) hgf ljBfyL{ lyP . %÷^ j6f uflj;sf ljBfyL{ cWoog ug{] Tolx dfq} ljBfno lyof] . a]~r kfO{Gg lyof] . lx8\bf lx8\b} ylst eP/ ljBfno k'Ubf a:g kfO{b}g lyof] . lr;f]df a:g' kb{Yof] . cuf8L xNnf u/]/ k5f8L plePsf ljBfyL{x?n] cWoog ug{ gkfP kl5 clkm;df uP/ lzIfsx?nfO{ u'gf;f] u¥of}+ . dl0fs;/n] xfd|f] cj:yfsf af/]df a'em\g' eof] . s'g} lzIfsn] k9fPsf] s'/f xfdLn] ;'Gb}g lyof}+ . pxfFn ;a} ljBfyL{x?sf] /f]6];g ug{' eof] . xfdLn] klg Tof] cj;/ k|fKt u¥of}+ . @)^@÷)^# ;fndf P;Pn;L kf; u/]+ . ljBfno hLjgdf afn Snj u7g u/]sf] lyof] . clxn] klg pQm Snj ;+rfngdf 5 . d cWoIf lyPF . kl5 ufpFsf ;a} j8fx?df afnSnj u7g eP . d}n] g} cu'jfO{ u/]+ . r]tglzn afn Snj d]/f] lyof] . ;fKtflxs sfo{qmd ug{ yfn]sf] lyPF . q}dfl;s a}7s z'? u/]sf] lyPF . d]R5] uflj;sf ;a} al:t al:tdf afn Snj u7g eP . !$ j6f ljBfno, j8f j8fdf #@ j6f Snj u7g u/]+ . xflhl/hjfkm sfo{qmd, ;/;kmfO{, km'6an nufotsf cltl/Qm s[ofsnfkdf d]/f] ;xeflutf /x\of] . Tof] a]nf Pp6f cj;/ ldNof] . t]dfnsf & j6f uflj;df d]/f] ;lqmo ;xeflutf /x\of] . afn Snjsf] cWoog e|d0f l;Gw'kfNrf]sdf eof] . d klg ;xeflu x'g] cj;/ kfPF . P;Pn;L lbP/ a;]sf] lyPF . l/hN6 cfPsf] lyPg . d}n] ljBfyL{ hLjgdf u/]sf] e"ldsfsf cfwf/df dnfO{ 5gf}6 ul/Psf] lyof] . ltg lbbL, b'O{ bfh' / Ps alxgL 5g\ . ;ft ;Gtfg dWo]sf] d 5}6f} ;Gtfg lyPF . 5f]/LnfO{ k9fpg' k5{ eGg] lyPg . 5f]/LnfO{ csf{s ] f] 3/df k7fpg] ePsfn] lsg k9fpg' < eGg] ;f]r lyof] . s]lx lbbLx?n] sIff % ;Dd cWoog ug{' eof] . bfh' / lbbLx?n] k9\g gkfPkl5 d}n] rfFlx k9\5' eGg] c7f]6 /x\of] . ;dfhn] 5f]/LnfO{ gk9fpg' eg]/ a'afnfO{ eGbf klg pxfFn] dfGg' ePg / dnfO{ ljBfno k7fpg' eof] . d]/f] 6f]ndf klxnf] k6s P;Pn;L kf; ug{] d g} lyPF . ljBfnodf a]~r gx'Fbf rKkn cf]5\ofP/ a:Yof}+ . lzIfsx? cleefjs ag]/ lzIff lbg' eof] . d]/f] Aofhsf ;fyLx? w]/} If]qdf x'g' x'G5 . lzIfsx? klg cem} ljBfnod} x'g'x'G5 . /fli6«o :t/df w]/} ;flyx? k'Ug' ePsf] 5 . 3/af6 glhs} /x]sf] ljBfnodf lgoldt cWoog u/]+ . ( ah] ljBfno hfg' kg{] eP klg xfdL slxn]sfFlx * ah] g} lx8\Yof}+ . Ps ah] efu]/ cfP/ 3/d} vfP/ hfg] ub{5f{} . u[xsfo{ gubf{ lzIfssf] s'6fO{ vfO{GYof] . zDe'axfb'/ s+8]n k|wfgfWofksn] ;fdflhs ljifo k9fpg' ePsf] lyof] . c? ;flyx?n] u[xsfo{ u/]sf /x]g5g\ . d}n] rfFlx u/]/ klg sflk 5f8]sf] lyPF . lng hfG5' eGbf ;flyx?n] lbPgg\ . ;a} ljBfyL{x?nfO{ pxfFn] nf7Ln] k|xf/ ug{' eof] . pxfFnfO{ b]Vg] ljltSs} Tolx 36gfsf] ofb cfpF5 . xfdL ;f]emf ljBfyL{df kb{Yof{} . olt x'Fbf x'Fb} klg xfdL lzIfsx?nfO{ xfd|f] sIffdf k:g glbg] ub{Yof}+ . vfnL lkl/o9df k9fpg cfpg] lzIfsnfO{ slxn] cfpg glbg] cfP/ hfFbf rfFlx sIffd} y'lglbg] ub{Yof}+ . sIff % ;Dd k9\bf d}n] af]n]sf] c?n] ;'Gb}g lyof] . lz/ ;w} em'sfP/} lx8\g] u/]sf] lyPF . vfgf w]/} k:sFbf ?Gy]+ . cfdf;Fu emu8f dfq} kb{Yof] . a'af cfdfn] slxn]sfFlx s'6\g' klg x'GYof] . yf]/} vfg] clg Hofg 7'nf] ePg . b'O{ rf/ k6s s'6]kl5 d}n] clns vfg yfn]+ . ;+s6sfn lyof] . d'n'sdf z;:q åG4 lyof] . P;Pn;L kmnfd] 9f]sf xf] . o;nfO{ kmf]/]/ dfq} cuf8L hfg' k5{ eGg] cu|hx?sf] ;'emfj lyof] . ag]kfsf] ljBf ;fu/ ljBfnodf kl/Iff s]Gb| lyof] . r}tGo SofDk; glhs} 3/df rf/ hgf ;flyx?sf] Pp6f sf]7f lnPsf lnof}+ . c;fWo} s8f x'G5 elgPsf] lyof] . snd v:of] eg] klg l6Kg kfO{b}g eGg] xNnf lyof] . kl/Iff s]Gb|df cleefjs k'¥ofpg hfg] rng /x]5 . d]/f] sf]lx lyPg ;Fu} uPsf] . uxe/L cfFz' cfof] . clxn] klg ;DemFbf b'v nfU5 . ljBf;fu/df k'Ubf ;a} cleefjsx? lyP . :s'n 3'd]sf] /x]5 . l;6 e]§fpg ufx|f] eof] . aNn aNn e]§fP . l8 af6 gfd cfpg] ePsfn] xf]nf cuf8L a]~rdf k/]sf] lyPF . k5f8L a;]sf s]lx ;flyx?n] lr6 rf]/]5g\ . lr6 / sflk b'a} vf];]/ a'emfpFbf dnfO{ emg} ufx|f] eof] . d}n] clns rnfvL u/]/ uf8{x?nfO{ kl/ro u/]/ 3'nldn u/]+ . ef]lnkN6 b]lv ;xh eof] . uf8{x?nfO{ cfpg] k|Zgsf] pQ/ ;f]w]+ . pxfFx?n] l7s eGg' eof] eg] gcfpg] k|Zgsf] ;d]t ;f]Wg] u/L pxfFx?sf] kl/Iff lnPsf] lyPF . P;Pn;L ;lsFbf g]kfn aGb /x]5 . xfdL ljxfg & ah] lx8]/ 3/ uof}+ . es'08] k'Ubf % 306f nfUof] . v'§f ;'lgP/ rKkn nufpg} ;lsPg . vfnL v'§f lx8]/ 3/df k'u]sf] s]lx lbg;Dd lg:sg} ;lsg . nuQ} afn Snjx?s} u7g, k'g{u7g cleofgdf nfu]+ .

P;Pn;L lbg] ;dodf d}n] slxNo} lkmNd x]l/g . g9fF6L eGg' kbf{ cfh;Dd d}n] lkmNd ;d]t x]/]sf] 5}g . ;fbf sflk hf]v]/ lsGg] clg To;d} u[xsfo{ ug{] u/]sf] lyPF . km]n x'g] ;kgf klg lyPg . d]xgt u/]/ ufpFs} klxnf] AolQm aG5' eGg] ;kgf lyof] . c;f/sf] dlxgf lyof] . ds} uf]8\g] a]nf lyof] . afl/df ds} uf]l8/x]sf a]nf l/hN6 cfof] . l;l8Pd kmf]g lyof] . ;/sf] 3/df kmf]g lyof] . 6]lnkmf]gaf6 l/hN6 k|fKt eof] . v'zLn] l;df /x]g . k|of; u/]kl5 x'g] /x]5 eGg] s'/fsf] dx;'; u/]+ . nfk{jflx u/]sf] eP ;kmn x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf lyPg . !) jif{sf] d]xgtdf ;kmn ePsf]df v'zL ePF . x/]s z'qmaf/ ljBfnodf cltl/Qm s[ofsnfk x'GYof] . d l6d ln8/ x'Gy]+ . k|To]s s[ofsnfkdf k|yd x'g] u/]sf lyof}+ . bf]>f] ePsf] If0f yf]/} eP . ljBfno hLjgsf cljZd/0fLo If0f w]/} 5g\ . d+un6f/ cWoog ug{ hfFb} ubf{ c;f/ dlxgfdf vf]nf] a8]/ aufPsf] 36gf ofb 5 . ljr efudf k'u]kl5 vf]nf 7'nf] cfof] . k'n;Dd hfg cfwf 306f nfUYof] . s]lx ;flyx?sf] lstfj aufof] . sk8f vf]n]/ vf]nfkf/L kmfln;s]sf lyof}+ . ljgf sk8f, ljgf lstfj xfdL ljBfno gk'uL 3/ kmls{Psf lyof}+ . o'4sf] a]nfdf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ sfo{qmddf ;xeflu u/fO{GYof] . dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?n] xfdLnfO{ k6s k6s sfo{qmddf nu]sf lyP . d rnfv ePsfn] ;a} ljBfyL{ uP d rfFlx 9f]sfsf] r]k'jfdf a;]/ hfg k/]g . sf7df8f}sf] 6'Fl8v]ndf k'¥ofP/ lrp/f bfndf]7 v'jfP/ kmsf{Psf] cj:yf 5 . hfg gdfg]sf] eg]/ dfcf]jfbL / lzIfs b'a}n] nf7Ln] s'6]sf] 36gf ofb 5 .

P;Pn;L kl5M P;Pn;L kf; ePkl5 d}n] yk cWoogsf nflu /fhwfgL hfg]]

8fo/L dgsf] df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf ;f]r agfPsf] lyPF . ljBfnoaf6 @@ hgf plt{0f ePsf]df ^ hgf s]l6x? lyP .

Tolx a]nf d+un hgljho dfljdf pRr dflj cfPsf] /x]5 . xfdLnfO{ k|wfgfWofksn] k|df0fkq lbg dfGg' ePg . /fd|f] ljifo lnP/ cWoog ug{] of]hgf k'/f ePg . k'?ifx? ;a} sf7df8f} uP . xfdL 5f]/Lx? dfq} pRr dfljdf egf{ eof}+ . kfgL, aiff{t, lxpFbsf] lr;f], cFWof/f] s]lx eGg] s'/f /x]g . xfdLn] Tolx lg/Gt/ cWoog u/]/ pRr dflj plt{0f u/]+ . ±@ cWoog ubf{ ub{} lzlIfsf aGg] cj;/ kfPF . k|f}9 lzIff k9fpg lgo'lQm ePsf] lyPF . ;fy ;fy} g]b/Nof08 eGg] ;+:yf dfkm{t d}n] Tof] cj;/ kfPsf] lyP . ljBfno hfg] cj;/ gkfPsf / pd]/n] klg clns kfsf] eO{;s]sf AolQmx?nfO{ d}n] ;fIf/ agfpg yfn]+ . a'afsf] ;kgf kqsf/, /fhgLlt / ;fdflhs ;]jfdf s[oflzn aGg' k5{ eGg] lyof] . kqsfl/tf cWoog ug{] cj;/ ldn]g . k};f w]/} lyPg . ;b/d'sfd cfpg] kx'Fr / ;fy x'g ;s]g . cfkm'n] sdfPsf] k};f / a'afsf] ;xof]un] d}n] cWoognfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPF . ± @ cWoog ul/;s]kl5 d}n] csf{] cj;/ kfPF . t]dfnsf] & j6} uflj;df To:tf] sfo{qmd z'? eof] . ljb]zLx? cfpg] hfg] x'g yfNof] . d h:tf #( hgf :jo+;]ljsf lyP . ;fgf] lyPF . dfO{s ;dft]/ af]Nbf ufpFsf ;a} cfdf a'af ?g] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . /fd|f] af]Ng ;Sy]+ . ;a} 5f]/LnfO{ d h:t} af]Ng ;Sg] agfpg' k5{ eGg] cfdfx?sf] ;f]r lyof] . ufpFdf ljb]zL cfpFbf c+u|]hL af]Ng ;Dej lyPg . k|f}9 sIff cWoogsf nflu dnfO{ k7fpg' eof] . c+u|]hL cfpFYof] kmsf{pg cfpFb}g lyof] . #( :yfgd} d]/f] lhDd]jf/L eof] . z'?df ufx|f] eof] . ;a} :yfgdf Ps} k|sf/sf] k|Zg eP kl5 dnfO{ ;xh eof] . clGtddf t d pTs[i6 ePF . Tolx sf/0f dnfO{ csf{] cj;/ k|fKt eof] . ! ;o !& hgf lzlIfsfx? dWo]af6 s]lx 5flgP . To;sf] Pp6f ;d'x agfP/ dnfO{ ;lrj agfO{of] . ( jif{;Dd d}n] Tolx ;+:yfdf sfd u/]/ ljtfPF . dlxnf ;xsf/L, ljBfno :t/ lzIff, k':tsfnosf] :yfkgf u¥of}+ . $÷% ;o y/L lstfjx? /fVof}+ . ;xof]uL sfo{stf{ dfkm{t pxfFx?nfO{ a'emfpg ;Sg] Aoj:yf u/]sf lyof}+ . %@ j6f k':tsfno :yfkgf eP . dlxnfx?nfO{ Aojxf/d} cuf8L a9fpg Ifdtf / l;k;Fu hf]8]/ pBdL agfpg ;e{] u¥of}+ . ;a} uflj;sf ;a} 6f]ndf s] cfjZsotf 5 eg]/ ;|f]t klxrfg u¥of}+ . Ps 3/ Ps cfdf ;fIf/tf cleofg z'? u¥of}+ . Ps 3/ Ps art z'? u¥of}+ . ;a} j8fx?df art ;+sng z'? eof] . @)^$ ;fnd} dnfO{ cfdfsf] ?kdf lrGg yflnPsf] lyof] . piff l3l;Ë / d ;Fu} sfd u/]sf lyof}+ . pxfF cWoIf, d ;lrj . pxfF sf] cl8{g]6/ x'g'xGYof] . #( y/L tflnd ;+rfng u/]sf lyof}+ . lgjf{rgsf] a]nf ;a} :yfgdf k'Ubf ;xsf/L, pBd, ;d'x agfpg ul/Psf] k|of;sf sf/0f ;xh eof] . Aofrn/ dx]Gb|/Tg SofDk; tfxfrndf cWoog u/]+ . sn]hdf Ps lbg hfg] cj;/ ldn]g . d]/f] af/]df eGbf klg t]dfnsf af/]df ;f]Rg yfn]+ . kl/Iff afx]s c? ;dodf d hfg] cj;/ kfO{g sn]hdf . Aofrn/ cWoog u/]+ . df:6;{ cWoog ug{] ;do ldn]g . cem} ldn]sf] 5}g . ;b/d'sfd eGbf ufpFdf a:y]+ d . df:6{; / sfg'g ;+sfosf] PnPnlj cWoog ug{] of]hgfdf 5' . /fhgLltM d]/f] kl/jf/ sf+u|];sf] k[i7e"ld /x]5 . ±@ cWoog ubf{ dfq} yfxf kfPF . @))& ;fn b]lv sf+u|];df cfj4 d]/f] kl/jf/s} sf/0f g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3df cfj4 x'g kfPF . pRr dflj cWoog ubf{ pk ;efklt ePsf] /x]5' SofDk; :tl/o . o'jf ;+3, cg]/f:jljo', cg]/f:jo'ljo qmflGtsf/L, g]lj;+3 ;a} cfpFy] . c?n] ;+u7gdf a:g] s'/} u/]gg . g]lj;+3n] dfq} ;+of]hg u/]sfn] d To;d} cfj4 x'g k'u]+ . /fhgLltdf Tolt w]/} ;lqmo lyO{g . ;fdfh;]jfdf s[oflzn ePF . cWoog / sfd ;Fu};u} lyof] . Tolt a]nf xfdLnfO{ ;b:otf lbO{Psf] lyof] . !@ cf} dxflwa]zg cfof] . d klg ;xeflu ePsf] lyPF . kbsf nflu t+5f8 dF5f8 /x]5 . k|ltlglw k7fpg' kbf{] /x]5 . dnfO{ Tof] klg yfxf lyPg . plgx?sf] sfd klg yfxf lyPg . d klg k|ltlglw aG5' eg]+ pxfFx?n] ltdL aRrf ePsfn] lbg ldNb}g eGg' eof] . s]lx u5{' eg]/ cfPsf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ckx]ngf u/]sf] ;lDemPF . csf{] dxflwa]zg slxn] x'G5 eg]/ ;f]w]+ . kfFr jif{ kl5 x'G5 eGg' eof] . dnfO{ clxn] k|ltlglw glbg] xf] eg] kfFr jif{ kl5 lbg] xf] < eg]/ ;f]w]sf] lyPF . pxfFx?n] ljjfx u/]/ hfG5]; tFnfO{ s] sf] k|ltlglw < d}n] ljjfx ulb{g . u/]+ eg] klg olx uflj;df ljjfx u5{' eg]/ r'gf}tL lbPF . !# cf} dxflwa]zg cfof] . k|ltlglw aGg vf]h]+ . a'l9sGof eg]/ glbg] eGg' eof] . ;a}sf] lj/f]w eP kl5 dnfO{ k|ltlglw agfO{of] . kfFr jif{ cl3 aRrf ]

kfFr jif{ cl3 aRrf ePsf] AolQm cj;/ rflxof] eGbf kfFr jif{ kl5 g} a'l9 sGof ePF . s:tf] ;f]r < s:tf] lj8Dagf < kf6L{ leq To:t} /x]5 dlxnfx?df .

ePsf] AolQm cj;/ rflxof] eGbf kfFr jif{ kl5 g} a'l9 sGof ePF . s:tf] ;f]r < s:tf] lj8Dagf < kf6L{ leq To:t} /x]5 dlxnfx?df . kl5 If]lqo e]nf eof] dlxnfx?sf] . d If]qsf ;a} uflj;df ;lqmo x'g] cj;/ kfPF . d If]lqo cWoIf ;d]t eP/ sfd ug{] cj;/ kfPF . Tolx sf/0f d}n] l6s6 k|fKt ug{ ;s]+ . kf]v/Lrf}/Ldf Pp6f sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] . Tof] sfo{qmddf d}n] af]Ng] cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf] lyPF . ;a} g]tfx?sf] cuf8L t]dfndf x'g] :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf cWoIf x'g] 3f]if0ff u/]+ . cWoIf t xf5{; eg]/ lbPgg\ . d cWoIf eP klg lhTy]+ . pkfWoIf eP/ klg lgjf{lrt ePF . dnfO{ ljZjf; s] lyof] eg] ;fdflhs sfo{stf{ ag]/ t]dfnsf] ufpFsf ;a} uflj;df sfd u/]sf] lyPF . Tolx sf/0f dnfO{ ljZjf; lyof] . cWoIf dfu]sf] d}n] pkfWoIf kfPF . c? ;flyx? klg x'g'xGYof] . t/ dnfO{ g} 5fl8lbg' eof] . clxn] t]dfnsf] pkfWoIf eP/ sfd u/]sf] 5' . l6s6 kfpg] ljltSs} ljhosf] ;Defjgf lyof] . d]/f] k|lt:kwL{ piff lyO{g . plg s]lx ;do ufpF eGbf aflx/ uO{g . lzlIfsf ag]/ cGoq uPkl5 d}n] cj;/ kfPF . plg tLg jif{ ufpF 5f8\bf dnfO{ ;xh eof] . ;fd'bflos ljB'Q ;xsf/L t]dfnsf] ;lrj ePF . dlxnf pBd z'? u/]sf lyof}+ . To;n] klg dnfO{ ;xh eof] . d}n] tfdfª 3]b'Ë ;+3af6 lhNnfsf %) uflj;df tflnd lbPsf] 5' . ljleGg ;fdflhs ;+:yfdf cfj4 eP/ d}n] ;fdflhs sfd u/]sf] 5' . k|lzIfs ag]/ sfd u/]sf] 5' . ;fs{ :t/Lo uf]i7Ldf efu lng] cj;/ kfPsf] 5' . s]lx l;Sg] / Aojxf/d} b]vfpg] of]hgf ePsfn] d}n] l;Sg dfq} vf]lh/x]sf] 5' . lgjf{rg ePsf] em08} Ps jif{ ljTg nfu]sf] 5 . w]/} sfd t ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . P]g sfg'g lgdf{0f x'Fb}5g\ . t/ klg sfd ug{] qmd z'? ePsf] 5 . P]g, sfg'g / sd{rf/Lsf] Aoj:yfkg ePkl5 hgtfn] cg'e'lt ug{] u/L sfd ug{] 5f}+ . j8f sfof{no Aojl:yt eP klg sd{rf/L 5}gg . ;d:o} ;d:of 5 . kd |] / ljjfxM ljBfno hLjgdf To:tf] ePg . ;a} eGbf ;fgf] ljBfyL{ d g} lyPF .

SofDk; cWoog ubf{ s6]fx? g} lyPgg sIffdf . clwsfz + ;do ufpdF} a;/] ;dfh ;j]fdf so[flzn ePsfn] kd]|df ;fR]g] ;do klg ePg . clxn;]Dd klg dn}] kd]| / ljjfxsf af/d]f ;fl]r;ss ] f] 5g} . k:|tfj k6s k6s cfPsf 5g\ . clxn] klg cfp5 F g\ . dn}] of] ;dodf kd]| / ljjfx u//] td]fnsf hgtfnfO{ wfs ] f lbg] ;fr ] agfPsf] 5g} . ljjfx u//] 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ lbg' kg]{ ;do dn}] td]fns} hgtfsf nflu lbG5[' . hgkl|tlglw ePsf] ;dodf hgtfs} aGg] / kl5 ljjfx ug]{ ;fr ] agfPsf] 5' . kd]|df klg 5g} . ;a} eGbf sfG5f] pd/]sf] d g} 5' . ;an}] efh] slxn] vj'fpg] eg/] ;fw]/] hjfkm lbg} ;ss ] f] 5g} . ljjfx u/k]l5 ax'f/L, ;f;,' ;dfhsf] ;a} lhDdj]f/L k/'f ug'{ k5{ . To;sf nflu dn}] tTsfn sg'} ofh]gf agfPsf] 5g} . eljioM sfg'g If]qdf sfd ug{] of]hgf 5 . clxn] Goflos ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs /xFb} PnPnaL cWoog ug{] / kl5 klg olx If]qdf sfd ug{] of]hgf agfPsf] 5' . hLjgM ;+3{if xf] . k|]dM k|]daf6} hLjg lhpg] xf] . ljjfxM Ps csf{sf] kl/k'/s xf] . zfl//Ls ;DjGwM cg'ej g} 5}g .

***

k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{sf] ljxfgL lrGtg sfo{qmd cGtu{t zlgjf/sf] lbg ul/Psf] JolQmsf] JolQmut hLjgsf ef]ufO{ af/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/f+z . k|ltlqmofsf] nflu M motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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Sponser

r}q @# b]lv bf]nfn3f6 dxf]T;j x'“b} bf]nfn3f6÷e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf] bf]nfn3f6df bf]nfn3f6 dxf]T;j @ x'g] ePsf] 5 . @)^& ;fndf ;fl]x :yfgdf bfn]fn3f6 dxfT];j cfofh]gf ul/Psf] lyof] . bn'fnZ]j/ jftfj/0fLo tyf ;dfh ;j]f Snjsf] cfofh]gfdf cfofl]ht dxfT];j rq} @# bl]v @)&% az } fv $ ut;]Dd ;r + fng xg'5] . agk]fdf cfofl]ht kqsf/ ;Ddn]gdf hfgsf/L lbb} Snjsf cWoIf ci6 nfdfn] dxfT];jdf pBfu] Aofkf/sf :6nx?sf ;fy} afn pBfg /dfOn{f] dn]f, rdg]f ux[, ¥ofkml6Ë-jfl]6Ë_, :jf:Yo lzlj/, wflds { :yn cjnfs ] g -xl]nsK6/af6_, :yfgLo emfs F L kb|z { g / sl[if kb|zg{L -:6n_ /xg] atfP . @* nfv *% xhf/ vr{ u/L #) nfv ?ko}f cfDbfgL ug]{ ofh]gf /xs ] f] pQm

dxfT];jsf] dV'o pbZ]o ko6{g kj|4g{df al[4, sl[if, pBfu]÷Aofkf/ kj|4{g, wflds { , ;f:+sl[ts klxrfg ko6{sLo :yn 3fi]f0ff ug]{ /xs ] f] 5 . @)&@ ;fnsf] ljgfzsf/L es ' Dk kl5 l;Gwk'fNrfs ] / ;fl]x Ifq]df ePsf] Ifltsf sf/0f sfes ]| f] bfn]fn3f6df cfGtl/s / afXo ko6{sx?sf] cfjft hfjt sd xbF'} uPsf] lyof] . bfn]fn3f6 c;/'lIft 5 eGg] ;Gbz ] uO/{xs ] f an]f bfn]fn3f6 es ' Dk kl5 kg'l{gdf0{f ;lxt a;fa]f;sf nflu pkoQ'm 5 eGg] ;Gbz ] lbg klg pQm sfoq{mdsf] cfofh]gf ul/Psf] :yfgLo ;dfh;j]L ;/'z ] >i]7n] hfgsf/L lbP . dxfT];jdf :yfgLo hfthflt, ;:+sl[tsf dfl}nstf ;dt] kb|z { g xg'5]g\ .

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!, b'uf}n{ L / uf]bfj/L g=kf= *, :ofpn] ahf/ tyf bfª lhNnfsf] /fKtL uf=kf= $, df}/L3f6 / ndxL g=kf= #, kmnsfk'/ u/L kfFr :yfgaf6 zfvf /lxt a}l+ sË ;]jf ;d]t ;'? ul/Psf] xf] . a}s + n] b]z e/Laf6 (* zfvf ;+hfn, #! zfvf /lxt a}+lsË, # ;Lldt a}+lsË O{sfO, # PS;6]G;g sfpG6/ / ^( Pl6Pdaf6 ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf] 5 .

;+Vof k|z:t} 5 . tkfO{sf] cfjfhdf cfufdL lbgdf xfldn] s:tf s:tf uLt ;+uLt ;'Gg kfOG5 < c? eGbf cd[tfaf6 s] km/s kfpg ;lsPnf < d Ps g[To / clegoaf6 ufogdf cfPsL x'F . cyf{t d}n] ;+uLtsf] ;a} kIfnfO{ glhsaf6 a'‰g] k|of; u/]sL 5' . To;}n] d ;+uLtsf ;a}vfn] ljwfdf nfUg rfxfG5' . laz]ifu/L kk / bf]xf]/Ldf nfUg] 5' . ca c? eGbf km/s cyf{t d cfkm} uLt /rgf ug]{ / ;+uLt eg]{ sfd ub{5' . t;y{ c? eGbf km/s cj:o x'g5 ] . ;f}Gbo{df slQsf] Wofg lbg'x'G5 < snfsf/n] nufpg] klx/g / ;f}Gbo{tfdf lsg ;a}sf] rf;f] /xG5 < w/]} klg xg} 7Ls} Wofg lbG5' . clxns ] f] ;dodf x/ dflg;n] ;fG}bod{f Wofg lbg h?/t 5 . snfsf/ ;as } f] ;emf ;DklQ xf] bv ] fl;vL klg xg'] ePsfn]] klx/g / ;fG+}bod{f rf;f] w/]} g} bLG5g\ . ;fy} ˆofg kmnfc]/ / ;dfhn] klg rf;f] /fVg' ;fdfGo xf] . tkfO{nfO{ ;+;f/df dgkg]{ snfsf/ sf] xf] < p;nfO e]6\g] cj;/ ldNof] eg] s] ug{'x'G5 < dnfO{ ;a} snfsf/ dgk5{ . ;a} ;+uLtsdL{nfO{ e]6\g kfpFbf d v'zL t/ d gf/fo0f uf]kfn clg od a/fn nufotsf uLtx? Hofbf ;'Gg] ub{5' . dfof k|d ] df slQsf] laZjf; nfU5 < ;DjGwnfO{ lbuf] agfpg sf] al9 lhDd]jf/ aGg'k5{ < cjZo klg w]/} laZjf; u5{' . ljZjf;df g} ;+;f/ cl8Psf] 5, dfofd} ;+;f/ rn]sf] 5 . To;}n] ;DaGwnfO{ lbuf] /fVg laZjf;, dfof / Pscsf{sf] efjgfnfO{ a'em\g' Psbd h¿/L 5 . 3fd5fFof h:t} Ps cfuf] x'bF f csf]{ kfgL x'gk' 5{ o;df b'ah} gf lhDd]jf/ x'gk' 5{ . cGTodf========= d ;+uLtnfO{ w]/} dfof u5{' ;+uLtaf6 d 6f9f /xg ;lSbgF To;}n] xf]nf cfh d g[To, clego ub}{ ufog If]qdf cuf8L cfPsL 5' . ca ufog If]qnfO{ g} lg/Gt/ cfuf8L a9fO{ cfkm'n] ;Sbf] /fd|f–] /fd|f] uLtx¿ bz{s–>f]tfx¿ ;fd' Nofpg]5' . xh'/x¿n] w]/} eGbf w]/} dfof / ;fy lbg'xG' 5 eGg] cfzf /fv]sL 5' .

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lqm8fs g]kfnn] z'? u¥of] :jf:Yo rf}sL lgdf{0f

& j6f kSsL ejg agfO{g] w'lnv]n÷lhNnfdf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf :jf:Yo ;+:yfx? k'gMlgdf{0f ;'? ePsf 5g\ . e"sDk uPsf] sl/a tLg aif{ k'Ug nfUbf :jf:Yo rf}sLx?sf] k'gMlgdf{0f sfo{n] lta|tf kfpg yfn]sf x'g\ . l6l8Prsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf lqm8fs g]kfnn] lhNnfsf] ljs6 sf]zLkf/Lsf :jf:Yo ;+:yf agfpg ;'? u/]sf] 5 . !$ s/f]8 eGbf w]/} nfutdf lhNnfsf ;ft :jf:Yo ;+:yf k'gMlgdf{0f ;'? ul/Psf] lhNnf sfo{qmd ;+of]hs /fhg e'tn]{ n] atfP . e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf–* sf] e'Dn'6f/ tyf sf]zLkf/Lsf] rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpFkflnsf–# sf] dflemkm]bf :jf:Yo rf}sLsf] lznfGof; ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf]sn' af:sf]6f / k|bz ] ;f+;b\ /Tg 9sfnn] u/]sf lyP . e'Dn'6f/sf] :jf:Yo rf}sL lznfGof; ub} dGqL af:sf]6fn] ;dod} sfd ;Sg tyf u'0f:t/ sfd ug{ ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . aGg nfu]sf] :jf:Yo ejgsf] u'0f:t/df Vofn /fVg :yfgLonfO{ cfu|x ub{} dGqL af:sf]6fn] ljb]zLnfO{ eg]/ ejg agfpg' kg{] xfd|f] afWotf cGTo ug{ ;/sf/n] of]hgf Nofpg] atfP . …tkfO{x?n] xfd|f] xf]Og eg]/ geGg'xf]nf, ejg xfd|f] xf], :jf:Yo klg xfd|f] xf], ;a}n] ldn]/ l56f] agfpg yfnf}+Ú–pgn] eg] . ufpFkflnsf cWoIf u'dfgWjh s'Fj/n] :jf:Yo rf}sLx?df sd{rf/L cefj ePsf] atfP . j8f cWoIf df]ltnfn tfdfªsf] ;efklTjdf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . dflemkm]bf :jf:Yo rf}sLsf] lznfGof; ub{} k|b]z ;f+;b /Tg 9sfnn] cfwf/e"t pkrf/ kfpg] gful/ssf] g};lu{s clwsf/ ePsf] atfP . cfufdL % aif{ leqdf x/]s gful/snfO{ :jf:Yo, lzIff, vfg]kfgL, oftfoft, ;~rf/ nufotsf] ;]jf ;/n / ;'ne pknAw u/fpg] ;/sf/sf] tof/L /x]sf] ;f+;b 9sfnn] atfP . lznfGof; sfo{qmddf :jf:Yo dGqfnosf hg:jf:Yo k|zf;s k|0fo pkfWofon] #! lhNnfdf !@ ;o :jf:Yo ;+:yf k"0f{ Iflt ePsf] atfP . % aif{df ;Sg] ul/ :jf:Yo rf}sLsf] ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf k'g lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] atfpFb} pgn] % ;o $% j6f k'g{ lgdf{0f ;lsPsf] atfP . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|d'v 8f= ;'/]Gb| k|;fb rf}/fl;ofn] ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ;xof]udf lhNnfsf :jf:Yo rf}sLx? k'gMlgdf{0f yflnPsf] atfP . lhNnfsf *%

b'3{6gfdf afns[i0fsf] lgwg ag]kf÷ag]kfaf6 kgf}tL tkm{ hfFb} u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs oftfoft af @ v %^&% gDj/sf] a;n] >Lv08k'/af6 ag]kftkm{ cfpFb} u/]sf] df]6/;fO{snnfO{ cfO{6L kfs{ cuf8Lsf] ;8s v08df 7Ss/ lbFbf df]6/;fO{sn rfnssf] 36gf:ynd} lgwg ePsf] k|x/Ln] atfPsf] 5 .

Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf cg';f/ >Lv08k'/df ljut #÷$ jif{ b]lv xf8{jo] / k;n ;+rfng ub{} cfPsf kgf}tL

ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfdf lgjf{ l rt dlxnf hgk| l tlglwx?n] dlxnfx?sf] ;zlQms/0fsf nflu tb{y ;ldlt lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . gu/ k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb]sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} gu/ k|d'v afb]n] gu/kflnsf leq x'g] x/]s ultljlwdf dlxnfx?sf] clgjfo{ ;xeflutf /xg] atfP . l;kd'ns tflnd dfkm{t cfo–cfh{gdf hf]8 lbO{ ;zlQms/0fdf Wofg lbO{ Tolx cg';f/sf] ah]6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] pgn] atfP . lhNnfdf /x]sf :yfgLo ;/sf/x?df ag]kf s]Gb|df kg{] / ultljlwx? lta| x'g] ePsfn] dlxnfx?sf] ;zlQms/0f, Ifdtf ljsf; / cfo–cfh{gsf nflu gu/kflnsfn] ljz]if Wofg lbg] atfP . pkk|dv ' /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] of]hgfx?df /sd ljlgof]hg eGbf ;dfg ;xeflutf hf]8 lbPsf] atfO{g\ . hgk|ltlglwx?sf] e]nf / tby{ ;ldltn] dlxnfx?sf] ;dfg ;xeflutf x/]s If]qdf clgjfo{ agfpg plgx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; / ;zlQms/0fdf Wofg lbg'kg{] atfO{g\ . k|dv ' k|zf;lso clws[t ef]h/fh kf]v/]nn] dlxnf hgk|ltlglwx? dfUg] :yfgdf geO{

lbg] :yfgdf ePsfn] ljsf; / ;Dj[4;Fu dlxnfx?n] ug{] ultljlwx?nfO{ hf]8\g ;'emfj lbP . cfjZos ah]6 lgdf{0fdf ljz]if Wofg lbg / To;sf] sfof{Gjogdf dlxnfx?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfsf nflu pgn] cg'/f]w u/] . sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gfn] dlxnfx? Ifdtfjfg x'Fbf ;zlQms/0fsf d'2fx?nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg ;xh x'g] atfP . sfo{qmddf sfo{kflnsf ;b:o k|ldnf kf08], ;b:o ?kf ldhf/, clDasf k|hfklt nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . gu/ pkk|dv ' /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf] e]nfn] pkk|dv ' /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf tby{ ;ldlt u7g ePsf] 5 . ;ldltdf pk ;+of]hs /fhgs'df/L a}bf/, ;lrj Hof]lt af]u6L, sf]iffWoIf k|ldnf kf08] /x]sf 5g\ . ;b:ox?df OlGb/f af]u6L, pdf a}B, d}of bfxfn, /fdKof/L >]i7, Bf}kbL vqL, ozf]bf zdf{, lnnf yfkf /x]sf 5g\ . ;Nnxsf/df lznf sltnf, nfntf/f clwsf/L, nIdL bfxfn, ?kf du/flt / zfGtf sfsL{ /x]sf 5g\ .

:jf:Yo rf}sL, $ k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|, # pk:jf:Yo rf}sL, Ps c:ktfn / & gu/ :jf:Yo s]Gb| u/L (# OsfO dWo] *! Jf6f :jf:Yo s]Gb| k"0f{ tyf cf+lzs ?kdf Ifltu|:t ePsf lyP . tL dWo] cg]sf]6, bf]nfn3f6, jfn'jfkf6L, xf]S;] / b]lj6f/ :jf:Yo rf}sL bftfsf] ;xof]udf lk|km]jsf] ;+/rgf ag]/ ;]jf lbO/x]sf] pgn] atfP . clwsf+z :yfgdf lqm8fsn] ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . ejg lgdf{0f cfly{s ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] l6l8Prsf lgdf{0f laz]if1 PlG8«ofh af]N8n] ;g @)!* leqdf ejg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/;Sg] atfP . cf]kLl8, aly{ª ;]G6/, :jf:Yo sdL{nfO{ cfjf; ;lxtsf] ;'ljwf ;DkGg ejg agfpg z'? ul/Psf] pgn] atfP . lqm8fs g]kfnsf sfo{qmd lgb{]zs uf]ljGb zfxLn] :yfgLox?sf] ;xof]u kfP ;do cufa} ejg agfO;Sg] atfP . s0ff{nLsf] If]qdf dfq sfd ug{ pQm ;+:yfn] sfe]|sf] sf]zLkf/L bf];|f] s0ff{nL eGGf] a'em]/ :jf:Yorf}sL lgdf{0f ;'? ul/Psf atfP . sfo{qmddf ;dfh;]jL n]v/fh uf}td, j8f cWoIf lagf]b l3l;ª nufotn] :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?sf] cefjdf gful/sn] em]Ng' k/]sf] :jf:Yo ;]jfsf af/]df u'gf;f] u/]sf lyP . lqm8fs gk]fnn] lkk|mj] df8]nsf afnj'fkf6L, cgs ] f6], bl]j6f/ / bfn]fn3f6sf :jf:Yo rfs } L agfP/ x:tfGt/0f kl5 :yfgLox?n] ;j]f lng z?' ul/;ss ] f 5g\ .

To:t} l;;fvfgL, dxfbj]6f/, vgfnyfs ] , ;:+ov '{ s,{ kmnf6F,] ;Nne]D'n,' eD'n6'f/, ;flkË, dflemkmb]f, sz ' fbj]L / vfkfr { fs ] ufpdFf klSs :Jff:Yo rfs } Lsf] lgdf0{f z?' ul/Psf] sfoq{md ;o+fh]s et'n]{n] atfP .

% g}lsG6f/ 3/ ePsf cGbfhL #& alif{o afns[i0f >]i7sf] 36gf:ynd} lgwg ePsf] 5 . >]i7 af &@ k $&*^ gDj/sf] df]6/;fO{sn rnfP/ ag]kftkm{ cfpFb} lyP . :yfgLox?n] cfqmf]z ;lxt a;x? ;f]lx lbg ;+rfngdf /f]s nufP . ef]lnkN6 ljxfg ofq' af]s]/ cfpFb} u/]sf a; / a;sf rfnsnfO{ ;d]t :yfgLox? cfqmd0f u/]sf lyP . k|x/L / :yfgLoaLr ePsf] jftf{ kl5 a; ;]jf ;+rfngdf cfPsf] lyof] .

/f]6/Lsf] ;8s ;'/Iff ;DjGwL cGt{lqmof w'lnv]n÷/f]6/L Snj ckm w'lnv]nn] ;8s ;'/Iff ;DjGwL ;/f]sf/jfnf kIf;Fu cGt{lqmof u/]sf] 5 . cWoIf s'df/ yfkfsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf /f]6l/og g'hn a}Bn] ;8s ;'/Iff ;DjGwL /fli6«o / cGt{/fli6«o :t/df ePsf cEof;x? / cj:yfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n c:ktfn, sf7df8f}

ljZjljBfno, lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfn, lhNnf 6«fl\kms k|x/L sfof{no, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3, sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3, ljleGg o'jf Snjx?sf cWoIf Pj+ k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;8s ;'/Iffsf nflu cfjZos kg{] ljifodf ;/f]sf/jfnf kIfx?n] Wofg lbg'kg{] ljifodf cGt{lqmofdf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . ;8s b'3{6gfdf k/]sfx?sf] cj:yf, lgwg ePsf AolQmsf] kl/jf/sf] cj:yfsf af/]df ;d]t 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

lxdfnog OG6/gz]gn Ps8]d]Lsf] rfy}f} cleefjs lbj;

ab|L ltdlN;gf÷w'lnv]n xfd|f] k|ltj4tf, u'0f:t/Lo, Jojxfl/s / j}1flgs lzIff eGg] d'n gf/fsf ;fy :yfkgf ePsf] lxdfnog O{G6/g]zgn Ps]8]dLsf] rf}yf}+ aflif{sf]T;j Pj cljefjs lbj; ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf k|tfk l;+=nfdfsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf pk k|d'v ljdnf zdf{sf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf bof/fd dxtsf] cWoIftf /x]sf] lyof] . lzIffljb\ j]b k|;fb sf]h'n] ljBfnosf] z}lIfs cj:yfsf af/]df atfpFb} hf]z hfFu/, sfd k|ltsf] nuglzntf / sfd ug]{ z}nLaf6 cfkm' lgs} k|efljt ePsf] atfP . ljBfnosf lk|lG;kn l;lj tfdfËn] cfufdL z}lIfs ;qdf kl/dfhL{t tj/sf] ;j} ;'ljwf o'Qm ljBfno / z}lIfs aftfj/0f tof/ ub{} gu/s} pTs[i6

ljBfno agfpg] k|ltj4tf JoQm u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;|f]t JolQm /fdz/0f ahufO{, ODdfg'on af]l8{Ësf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs pbo e'if0f hud, lzIffljb Pj+ ljBfnosf ;Nnfxsf/ /fdk| ; fb clwsf/L,;+rfnsx?, k|Nxfb Kofs'/]n, clht nfdf, lg/fhg h+ud, k[YjLdfg tfdfË, /fds'df/ >]i7, lx/f a=tfdfË, l6gf nfdf, cldgf k|wfg, u0f]z cfrfo{, uflosf clgzf tfdfË nufotsf JolQmx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf] aflif{s kl/Iff / cltl/Qm s[ofsnfkx?df pTs[i6 x'g] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k'/:s[t ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fy} jif{ @)&$ sf] pTs[i6 lzlIfsfdf lgtf yfdL / pTs[i6 cljefjs Dof8f]gf >]i7nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd cjlwe/ ljBfyL{x?4f/f pTs[i6 ufog / g[To nufotsf dgf]/~hgfTds k|:t'tLx? k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

xfdL ;b}{ 5f+} cfkmg \ } sfofn { o ejgdf o; dfOqmf] >lds art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf :yfkgfsf] !) cf}+ jif{ k|j]z;Fu} ldlt @)&$ r}q !! ut]b]lv ag]kf g=kf= !) k'nahf/ ;]tf]kf6Ll:yt cfkm\g} sfof{no ejgaf6 sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ nfu]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg kfpFbf v'zL nfu]s]f 5 . ;+:yfnfO{ o; kl/kSj cj:yf;Dd NofO{ k'¥ofpg ;xof]u ug{] z]o/wgL ;b:o tyf z'elrGts ;Dk"0f{df xflb{s wGojfb 1fkg ub{5f}+ . ;fy} o; kfjg cj;/df cfof]lht ?b|L k"hf tyf u[x k|j]z sfo{qmddf k|;fb u|x0fsf nflu ldlt @)&$ r}q !! ut] /fdgjdLsf lbg ljxfg !! ah]b]lv ck/fGx $ ah];Dd ;+:yfsf z]o/wgL ;b:o, z'elrGts, l5d]sL ;Dk"0f{nfO{ ul/dfdo pkl:yltsf nflu xflb{s lgdGq0ff ub{5f}+ . ckf· c:ktfn /fhs'df/ >]i7 -cWoIf_ ;Dks{ M (*)!)$$&&$

c/lgsf] xfOj] ;]tf] kf6L

k'nahf/

>Lk|;fb vgfn -Joj:yfks_ ;Dks{ M (*%!!*@%**

;+:yfsf] ejg

dfOqmf] >lds art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–!), ;]tf]kf6L xfO{6, cfjf; If]q

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

o; d~h'>L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] nflu lgDg kbsf] nflu sd{rf/L cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's JolQmx?n] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{'xf]nf. !=kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+VofM– @ -k'?if !, dlxnf !_ of]UotfM– P;O{O{ jf ;f]eGbf dfly pd]/ M !^ jif{ k"/f eO{ #) jif{ ggf3]sf] kfl/>lds M ;+:yfsf] lgod cg';f/ gful/stf M g]kfnL cfj]bg lbg] clGtd ldltM @)&$÷!@÷@@ ut] cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . cg'ej M sDKo'6/ ;DaGwL cfwf/e"t clkm; Kofs]h (Ms word, Ms Excel, Power point, Email, Internet) ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] . ;Dks{

d~h'>L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–*, tLgbf]af6f], k|x/Lrf}sLsf] kfl/kl§ kmf]g g+= M )!!–^^)^#%

k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo kl/If0f nflu k|sflzt

(IEE)

sf]

!% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf sfe]k| nf~rf]s lhNnf ;fljs snfFt] e"ld8fF8f uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ! xfn kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !@ sf lsQf g+= qmdzM %%$,%%&,%%*,^^*,!!%$ u/L s/La #@ /f]kgL If]qkmn ePsf hUufx?df qmz/ pBf]u :yfkgf u/L ;+rfng ug{ nfluPsf] x'Fbf pk/f]Qm ljifosf] pBf]un] k|:tfljt If]qsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ;fF:s[lts, ef}lts, /;folgs tyf h}ljs jftfj/0fdf kg{ ;Sg] k|efjsf] ;Gbe{df s]xL ;'emfjx? eP of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleqdf tklznsf] 7]ufgfdf cfO{k'Ug] u/L lnlvt /fo;'emfj lbg x'g of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . /fo ;'emfj k]z ug]{ :yfg M

k|:tfjs sDkgLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf M

!=kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !@sf] sfof{no @=kgf}tL gu/kflnsf, sfe]|knf~rf]s #=3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, sfe]|knf~rf]s $= pBf]u ljefu, lqk'/]Zj/, sf7df8f}+ .

efn]Zj/ 9'+uf /f]8f pBf]u k|f=ln= kgf}tL g=kf= j8f g+= !@, sfe]|knf~rf]s ;Dks{ g+= M (*$!$!%)*(

jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/

;S;]; Ps]8]dLsf] rf}yf] aflif{sf]T;j ag]kf÷ag]kfdf /x]sf] ;S;]; Ps]8d] Ln] :yfkgfsf] rf}yf] jflif{sf]T;jsf] cj;/df cleefjs lbj; tyf aflif{sf]T;j sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . k|b]z ;ef ;f+;b\ a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{sf] k|d'v cfltYotdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf k|b]z ;ef ;f+;b /Tg 9sfn, ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb], pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn, :yfgLo ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?n] ljBfnon] pknAw u/fPsf] ;]jf / ;'ljwf Aojxf/d'vL x'g' kg{] atfPsf lyP . :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] lhDd]jf/Ldf k/]sf] lzIffnfO{ ;a}sf] clwsf/ leq kf/]sf] eP klg cem} ljBfno If]q leq /x]sf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;d]6/] ;a} If]qsf cleefjsn] rfx]sf] ljBfno agfpg ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf

ljleGg ljBfdf pTs[i6 ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . cleefjsx?n] afnaflnsfx?nfO{ 3f]sGt] ljBf;Fu} Aojxfl/s lzIff lbg hf]8 lbPsf lyP . ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ;d]t cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf lk|lG;kn ;fhg l3ld/n] ljBfnon] cleefjssf] rfxgf, /fi6«sf] cfjZostf / ;do ;x'fpFbf] lzIffnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] atfPsf lyP . @)^& ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] pQm ljBfnodf sIff ! b]lv % ;Dd @ ;o %) hgf ljBfyL{x? cWoog/t 5g\ . 5f]6f] ;dod} cleefjssf] ckf/ dfof k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ;S;];nfO{ x/]s If]qdf ;S;]; x'g] ljBfyL{ pTkfbgdf ljlzi7 AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP .

cfjZostf o; >L /fd dfWolds ljBfno kfFrvfn-!# sf]lzb]vfdf tkl;ndf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] ljifo lzIfssf] c:yfoL s/f/df lgo'lQmsf] nflu ;DalGwt ljifodf of]Uotf k'u]sf pDd]bjf/x?af6 b/vf:t cfXjfg ul/G5 . != kb M dfWolds lzIfs–! c_ cg'bfg sf]6f–la1fg lzIfs–Ps @= of]UotfM c_ lj1fg ljifodf :gfts tx jf ;f] ;/x plQ0f{ #= cfjZos sfuhftx? c_ k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnlk cf_ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk O_ lzIff lgodfjnL @)%( sf] cg';"rL !$ adf]lhdsf] lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0f kq O{_ cWofkg cg'dlt kq $= tnaM g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :s]n adf]lhd %= ljz]if u|Xotf M blnt, dlxnf, hghflt / sfo{ cg'ea ePsf] ^= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltM ;'rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg -& lbg ;Dd s/f/ ;'lrdf /x]sfn] / To;kl5 s/f/ / v'Nnf b'a}n]_ &= k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, cGt/jftf{ / k|of]ufTds *= k/LIff b:t'/M ?= !))) (= ;Dks{ ldlt / :yfg M )&$ r}q @# ut], ljBfno !)= k/LIffsf] ldltM ;Dks{sf] lbg tf]lsg] 5 . /fhdfg tfdfª lzIfs 5gf]6 ;ldlt

t"–cfjZostf ag]kfdf cjl:yt Ps ;xsf/LnfO{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] sd{rf/L cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's JolQmx?n] !% lbgleq sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{'xf]nf. !=kb M ahf/ clws[t of]UotfM– aLaLP; jf ;f] ;/x @=kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw of]UotfM– P;O{O{ jf ;f] ;/x kfl/>lds M ;+:yfsf] lgod cg';f/ ;]jf ;'ljwf M cfsif{s

;+VofM– ! ;+VofM– !) -dlxnf÷k'?if_

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(*$#&*)@**, (*)*)&(!*%

j fh L f / c f s ;x lblnk zdf{

sfe|] ;xsf/L :j0f{ dxf]T;j / xfd|f] bfloTj ;xsf/Lsf ljleGg bfloTjx? dWo] z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts tyf jftfj/0fLo ?kdf ;';'lrt u/fpg] clg b}lgs hLjgofkgdf ;xhtf k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ ;xsf/Lsf d"Volqmofsnfkx? leq kb{5g . ;xsf/Lsf cleofgdf cxf]/fq vl6g] / lhNnfdf ;xsf/LnfO{ cleofgsf] ljsf;nfO{ ;d[4 cfGbf]ngsf ?kdf c+lusf/ ub}{ cfPsf ;xsf/L sdL{x?sf nflu lhNnfdf r}q dlxgfnfO{ :j0f{ dxf]T;j dlxgfe/ nfO{ laif]z rf8sf] ?kdf cj;/ k|fKt x'g cfPsf] 5 . sfg"gL ?kdf lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln sf] :yfkgfsf] %) cf}+ aif{sf] cj;/df lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln n] :j0f{ dxf]T;j aif{sf] ?kdf ;d[4 sfe|] xfd|f] klxrfg, 3/–3/df ;xsf/L ;b:otf cleofg eGg] d"ngf/f ;lxt dgfpg] / lhNnfdf btf{ eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf laleGg k|s[ltsf sl/j !%)) eGbf a9L ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] g]t[Tjbflo ;+3sf] ?kdf :yflkt o; ;+3sf] :yfkgf / %) cf}+ aif{sf] cj;/nfO{ lhNnfs} ;Dk"0f{ ;xsf/Lx?sf] :j0f{ cj;/sf ?kdf dgfpg] lg0f{o cg';f/ of] dfxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgf ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . Ps h'udf Pslbg cj;/sf ?kdf cj:o cfpF5 eg] em} ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf] %) cf}+ aif{ ;xsf/Lx?sf nflu km]/L slxNo} cfpFb}g . of] cj;/ o; @)&$ r}q dlxgfdf cfPsf] 5 . PSn} jf Ps b'O{ ;+:yfx?n] of] sfo{ ug{sf nflu ;xh} ?kdf cfF6\g ;lsg] s'/f klg xf]Og . To;} sf/0f klg of] %) aif{ To;df klg lhNnfdf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;xsf/Lx?sf] cj;/sf ?kdf o; dlxgfnfO{ lng'sf] ljsNk klg 5}g . xfdLn] o; cj;/nfO{ xn'sf 9+un] lnof}+ eg] ef]nLsf lbgdf ;xsf/L / o:tf cfGbf]ngdf nfu]sf cleoGtfx?n] xfdLnfO{ lwSsfg]{ kSs}5g\ . ;xsf/L :j0f{ dxf]T;jsf cuf8L xfd|f bfloTj tyf lhDd]jf/Lx? klg k|;:t} 5g\ . lhNnfdf ;'ud tyf b'u{d jl:tx?df ;~rflnt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf cf cfkm\g} lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj ;d]t 5g\ olt x'Fbf x'b} klg ef}uf]lns, cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs pQ/bloTjx?n] xfdLnfO{ plQs} lhDd]jf/L klg agfPsf]n] of] cleofgnfO{ ;fy{s lg:sif{df k'¥ofpgsf nflu lxhf]sf] xfd|f] e"ldsf cfhsf] lqmoflzntf tyf ef]lnsf lhDd]jf/Lx?nfO{ dg art / sd{n] hjfkmb]lx agfpgsf nflu b[9 ;+sNk ;lxt nflu kg'k{ 5{ eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 . lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3n] of] :j0f{ dxf]T;j dgfpgsf nflu r}q dlxgf e/LnfO{ laleGg sfo{qmdx? k:sg] cleofg :j?k laleGg vfnsf ;ldltx? lgdf{0f ub}{ o; cleofgnfO{ ;kmn / Jojl:yt agfpg sfo{qmdx? ;d]t k:s]sf] 5 . xfdLn] xfd|f lhDd]jf/Lx?nfO{ lagf ;+sf]r ;kmn agfpgsf nflu k|rf/ k|;f/ ;ldlt, d"Nof+sg ;ldlt, k'/:sf/ tyf ;Ddfg ;ldlt,/\ofnL Joj:yfkg

;xsf/L dxf]T;j ;~rfng ul//xFbf xfdLn] xfd|f] lhNnfsf] klxrfg;Fu} ;xsf/Lsf ;'9[l9s/0f tyf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? k|lt z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] kx'Frdf s;/L a[l4 ug{ ;lsG5 / xfd|f bfloTjx? s] s;/L x'g ;S5 eGg] laifo klg dxTj /x]sf sf/0f o;sf laifodf lgoldt cg'udg, kf/bzL{tf, hjfkmb]lxtf / z';f;g ;lxtsf laifodf ;d]t ;a}sf] rf;f] / Joj;flos/0fsf ;jfndf ;d]t xfd|f] ;Gb]z k|jfx ug]{ cj;/sf] ?kdf xfdLn] of] dxf]T;jnfO{ x]/]sf 5f}+ .

;ldlt, ;xsf/L k|bz{gL Joj:yfkg ;ldlt cfly{s Joj:yfkg ;ldlt nufot laleGg ;ldltx? ;lxt sfo{qmd cuf8L a9fPsf 5f}+ . lhNnfdf /x]sf laleGg !) j6f Joj:yfkg ;ldltx?nfO{ Pp6} ;~hfn leq NofO{ ;xh 9+un] :j0f{ dxf]T;j xfd|f] xf] eGg] efjgf ;lxt Psh'6 x'g cg'/f]w ub}{ ;Nnfxf ;'emfj ;lxt sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn agfpgsf nflu lhDd]jf/Lk"j{s xf]:6]df x};} agfpgsf nflu k/]sf 5f}+ . lhNnfdf btf{ eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ /fi6«Lo tyf lhNnfe/ ;xsf/Lsf efjgf cg'?k km}nfj6 ug]{ / /fHon] c+lusf/ u/]sf ;xsf/L gLlt cg'?k d"n gLltdf P]Soa4tf hgfpb} lhNnfaf;L ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf tyf cleofgsdL{x?sf] Ps?ktfdf xfdL ;a}sf] k|lta4tf 5 eGg] laifonfO{ lrgfpgsf nflu of] cleofgnfO{ lrgfpg] klg xfd|f] bfloTj xf] eGg] nfu]sf] 5 . xfdL ;a}sf] bfloTjdf xfdL ;a}sf] Psdt /x]sf] kl/k|]Iodf xfn ;xsf/Lsf laifodf p7]sf laleGg ;jfnx?sf af/]df ;xsf/LsdL{x?sf aLrdf 5nkmn tyf cGt{lqmof u/fpg], lhNnfdf /.xs ] f ;xsf/Lsf O{ltxf;x?sf af/]df lnlvt b:tfj]h tof/ u/L k':tssf ?kdf ladf]rg ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+3sf] vfnL /x]sf] ;xsf/L hUufdf laif]z ;'ljwf ;lxt ;xsf/L ;'ljwf ;DkGg ejg lgdf{0fsf sfo{x?nfO{ cuf8L a9fpgsf nflu ;xsf/L ejg lgdf{0f ug]{ h:tf lqmofsnfkx?sf] ;'?jft ;d]t o;} cj;/df ug}{ ;fy} ;xsf/Lsf ;Gbe{df laleGg ultljlwx?df ;+nUg AolQmTjx? lhNnf leqsfnfO{ k'/:sf/ / ;Ddfg ug]{ sfo{ ;d]t ug]{ cleofg o;} cj;/df ;d]t /flvPsf sf/0f of] dxf]Tj;sf] cfsif{0f /x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L dxf]T;j ;~rfng ul//xFbf xfdLn] xfd|f] lhNnfsf] klxrfg;Fu} ;xsf/Lsf ;'9l[ 9s/0f tyf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? k|lt z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] kx'r F df s;/L a[l4 ug{ ;lsG5 / xfd|f bfloTjx? s] s;/L x'g ;S5 eGg] laifo klg dxTj /x]sf sf/0f o;sf laifodf lgoldt cg'udg, kf/bzL{tf, hjfkmb]lxtf / z';f;g ;lxtsf laifodf ;d]t ;a}sf] rf;f] / Joj;flos/0fsf ;jfndf ;d]t xfd|f] ;Gb]z k|jfx ug]{ cj;/sf] ?kdf xfdLn] of] dxf]T;jnfO{ x]/s ] f 5f}+ . ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf /f]huf/L cj:yf, u[0f:t/Lotf xfdLn] pTkfbg u/]sf a:t' tyf ;]jfnfO{ ahf/;Ddsf] kx'r F sf laifo klg r"gf}tLsf] ?kdf /x]sf sf/0f o:tf laifonfO{ u+le/ ?kdf cuf8L a9fpg xfdL ;a}n] o;} cj;/df ;fd"lxs k|lta4tfsf] k|0f ug]{ cj;/sf ?kdf of] dxf]T;j /x]sf] 5 . o; ;xsf/L dxf]T;jn] lgDg pknlAwx? xfl;nug{ u/fpg ;lsG5 eGg] xfdLn] 7fg]sf 5f}+ lhNnfdf /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] rf;f]df a[l4 eO{ ;b:otfdf a[l4 x'guO{ Pstfdf a[l4 x'g5 ] eg] ;xsf/Lsf laleGg ultljlwx?sf] k|rf/÷k|;f/ x'gsf ;fy} ;xsf/Ldf ;+nUg g]tT[ jx?sf] xf};nfdf a[l4 ;d]t eO{ u'0f:t/Lotfdf a[l4 x'g5 ] . ;fy} :yfgLo tx nufot cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?df ;xsf/Ltfsf] e"ldsfnfO{ af]w u/fpg] laifo dxf]T;jsf d"Vo kf6f g} x'g . cGtdf, of] dxf]T;j Pp6f cj;/sf ?kdf ;a} ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ lnO of] ;xsf/L If]qsf] cleofgdf P]Soa4tf hgfOlblg'xg' cg'/f]w ;d]t ub{5f}+ . laleGg If]q, au{, ;Dk|bfo, ef}uf]lns cjl:ytL,;fdflhs cj:yf x'bF fx'b} klg cf cfkm\gf] txaf6 of] cleofgnfO{ ;kmn agfpg' ;Dk"0f{ ;xsf/L sdL{x?sf] bfloTj xf] eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 . o;} cj;/df ;Dk"0f{ lhNnf leq /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf tyf AolQmut ?kdf o; cfGbf]ngdf /x]sf ;a} AolQmTjx?sf] ;fd"lxs k|of; g} of] dxf]T;jsf] ;kmntfxf] eGg] nfu]sf] 5 . cfcf}+ xfdL ;a} ldn]/ of] :j0f{ dxf]T;jnfO{ ;kmn agfcf}+ . ;d[4 sfe|] ;xsf/L agfpg] cleofgdf ;xeflu agf}+ . ho ;xsf/L .

dfnkf]t sfof{no, sfe|k] nf~rf]s, w'lnv]n gfd;f/L xsbfjL;DaGwL

#% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf sf=k=lh= kfFrvfn g=kf= j8f g+= * a:g] lbknfn ahufO{sf] 5f]/f u0f]zk|;fb ahufO{;d]tn] lgDg j8f g+= sf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] lsQf hUuf gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg'ePsf] lgj]bg cg';f/ gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xs hfg ;Sg] eP xs bfjLsf] nflu of] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ctM of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq s;}sf] xsbfjL ePdf cfkm";uF ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm}+ jf jf/]; dfkm{t bfjL ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf .

Dofb leq gcfO{ jf Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd gfd;f/L eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] ph'/ k|lt s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgf4f/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

tkl;n uflj;sf] gfd xf]S;] afn'jf

j8f g+= ls=g+= * ^ ) ^, ^!*, ^@), !)!, %)(, %(^, ^)#, ^!) & !)$), !)(^

o;df kfFrvfn * a:g] u0f]zk|;fb ahufO{, gf/fo0fk|;fb ahufO{, Zofdk|;fb ahufO{, nfns'df/L ahufO{ / g]qk|;fb ahufO{n] xfdLx?sf bfh' efo{ tyf h]7fh' s[i0fk|;fb ahufO{ cljjflxt cj:yfdf @)$$ ;fnb]lv j]kQf ePsf] tyf xfdLx?sf efO{ bfh' tyf klt uf]ljGbk|;fb ahufO{ klg @)@# ;fnb]lv j]kQf ePsf] / lghsf] Psdfq >LdtL nfns'df/L ahufO{ dfq ePsf] x'Fbf s[i0fk|;fb ahufO{sf] gfpFdf dfly pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf xfdLx?sf gfpFdf gfd;f/L ul/kfpF elg b=g+= !%((@ ldlt )&$.!@.! df dfu lgj]bg u/]sf] tyf ;f] ;DaGwL kfFrvfn g=kf=sf] ldlt )&$.!@ sf] lgj]bg gftf k|df0f ;d]t k]z ePsf] x'Fbf pQm hUuf lgj]bssf] gfpFdf gfd;f/L x'g] hUuf xf] jf xf]Og < lgj]bsdf xsbf/x? gftf k|df0fdf pNn]lvt dfq 5g\ jf c? klg 5g\ < lgj]bsx?sf] dfu adf]lhd gf=;f= x'Fbf sf]xL s;}nfo{ s'g} c;/ k5{ jf kb{}g lghsf] gfpFdf gf=;f= x'g'gkg{] / ;Vo xsbf/x? ePdf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] #% lbgleq k|df0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xf]nf cGoyf gfd;f/L e} hfg] Joxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

^&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{jif{@$@$c+sc+s!^@!@)&$ @)&$kmfu'r}gq #* ut] ut] ljxLjf/ ljxLjf/

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfnk"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfnk"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

j;Gt s'“j/

k|bLk af]u6L

k|]; rf}tf/L g]kfn sfe|] zfvf kl/jf/

l;ljs kmf]/d kl/jf/ w'lnv]n, sfe|]

lhNnf v]ns"b ljsf; ;ldlt sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs tyf

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfnk"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

e'jg /fodfemL cWoIf tyf

pkfWoIf tyf

/fh]Gb| zfx

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfnk"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfnk"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf cWoIf tyf

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvf kl/jf/, sfe|]

w|'jk|;fb rf}+nfufO{

o; >L afn dlGb/ cfwf/e"t ljBfno w'lnv]nsf k|wfgfWofks >L /fh]Gb| zfx g]kfn lzIfs dxf;+3 w'lnv]n gu/ ;ldltsf] cWoIf Pj+ lzIfs >L w|'jk|;fb rf}+nfufO{ g]kfn lzIfs ;+3, w'lnv]n gu/ ;ldltsf] cWoIf h:tf] ul/dfdo kbdf ;j{;Ddt lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

påjk|;fb sf]O/fnf lj=Jo= cWoIf

lzIFsx?

zf]letdfg tvf+5], pld{nf ;fksf]6f, tf]ofgfy pk|]tL, ljh]z d'NdL, xl/z+s/ l3ld/], clDasf x'dfufO{, lgd{nf dfgGw/, p?iff dfgGw/, xl/k|;fb vltj8f, ;'ld >]i7

afndlGb/ cfwf/e"t ljBfno kl/jf/ w'lnv]n–&, sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

nIdL g/l;+ jfb] k|d'v

/]vf bfxfn pkk|d'v

ef]h/fh l3ld/]

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

ag]kf gu/kflnsf kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/

pBd ljsf;sf] ! lbg] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/

:d[ltdf afns[i0f yfkf df]xg b'jfn pgL ljBfyL{ 5Fbf clvnsf ;lqmo ljBfyL{ /x]/ /fhgLlt ub}{ cfPsf o'jf x'g\ .

To;tfsf pgL d]/f] 3/df cfO/xg] d}n] lrg]sf hf]zLnf, hfFul/nf ljBfyL{ x'g\ . cfˆgf] c8fg g5f]8\g] logsf] :jefj lal;{g;Sg' 5 . o'jf cj:yfdf h]–h:tf] rl/q / b[li6 agfP, ToxL rl/q / b[li6 kl5;Dd sfod ug]{ cleofgdf logL nflu/x] . 8fS6/ eO;s]kl5 klg logn] cfˆgf] /fhgLlts b[li6df cem egf}+ k|ultzLn efjgf / cf:yfdf cfkm"nfO{ ljrlnt t'NofPgg\ . o;}n] d]/f] logL;Fusf] ;DaGw c6'6 / d}qLk"0f{ /Xof] . sfe|]sf] df6f]df hlGdP/ lrlsT;f If]qdf ;dlk{t /x]/ cfˆgf] ljlzi7 ;]jfd"ns sfo{x? u/]/ ;]jf k'¥ofPsf /fi6«n] lrg]sf / lhNnfn] uf}/j ug{ nfossf lrlsT;s klg x'g\ logL . o;}n] lj=;+= @)&! ;fndf g}] k|ltef ;Ddfg k|jGw u'7Ln]] d]/} ;efkltTjdf ag]kfdf logsf] ;Ddfg ePsf] lyof] . ;Ddfg u|x0f ub}{ pgn] To;tfsf af]n]sf oL dd{:kzL{ zAbx? dfG5]df dfgjtf, ;+;f/df ;'zf;g, dgdf zflGt / cg'xf/df v';L b]Vg] logsf] cleJolQm emNemnL ;Demgf cfO/xG5 . dfgjtfsf lxdfotL, ;'zf;gsf jsLn, dgdf zflGt /fVb} cfPsf Pshgf 8fS6/ v';L b]Vg] /x/ af]Sbfaf]Sb} cfkm}+ xjfO{ b'3{6gfdf k/]/ b'Mv;Fu;Fu} cj;fg eP . d } n ] glhsn] lrg]sf ts{zLn, Ifdtfjfg\, OdfGbf/ JolQmsf ?kdf /x]sf afns[i0f d]/f] dgsf] s'gf]df lj/fhdfg ePsf d]/f lk|o 8fS6/;fx]j klg x'g\ . d]/f] hLjg;FlugL ef/tLsf] v'§f b'Vg] /f]usf] klxrfg u/]/ cf}ifwf]krff/ ub}{ cfPsf logL 8fS6/;Fu a/f]a/ hfpnfv]nl:yt cNsf xl:k6ndf e]63f6 x'g] ;Gbe{ / s'/fsfgLx? emNemnL ;Demgf cfO/xG5, e'Ng ufx|f] eO/x]5 . g]kfn ;flxlTos kqsf/ ;+3, s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 lrtjgdf ePsf] uf]i7Ldf logn] k'¥ofOlbPsf] cfly{s, ef}lts ;xof]u ;flxlTos kqsf/ hut\n] e'Ng ufx|f] 5 . To:t} Go"/f] ;h{g 8fS6/ eP/ klg hgcfGbf]ng–@ df logn] lrlsT;f If]qaf6 b]vfOlbPsf] of]ubfg / ;ª\3if{ clj:d/0fLo 5 . @)^( ;fndf 8fS6/sf] sljtf s[ltsf] ljdf]rg ug]{ sfo{qmddf dnfO{ k|d'v cltlysf ?kdf logn] af]nfpFbf d lrtjg k'Ug g;Sbfsf b'Mvb\ If0fx? lal;{g;Sg' 5 . xjfO{ b'3{6gfsf] ;dfrf/ ;'Gb} lyPFÙ afns[i0f

yfkfsf] b'Mvb\ lgwg ePsf] ;dfrf/ ;'g]/ lhp, dg ef/L eof] . d]/f lk|o 8fS6/, dfgjtfsf k"hf/L, ;flxTosf eQm afns[i0f yfkfsf] b'bf{Gtdo xjfO{ b'3{6gf k/]/ cj;fg ePsf]df M dg / cfFvfsf] cfF;' v;fNb} >4f~hln elg/x]5' / :d[ltdf pgsf u'0fjQf pRrf/0f ug{ vf]lh/x]5' . sljtfnfO{ cfGbf]ngsf ¿kdf n]Vg dg k/fpg] Go"/f] ;h{g 8fS6/ afns[i0f yfkf sfe|] lhNnfs} s'zfb]jL uflj;–#, yfkfufpFdf hGd]sf Pshgf o'jf x'g\ . ljBfyL{sfnb]lv n]Vb}, cfˆgf] ljrf/ efif0fdfkm{t\ /fVb} cfPsf logn] cfhko{Gt;Dd klg cfˆgf] ljrf/ / efjgfnfO{ dg{ lbPsf 5}gg\ . dfS;{jfb a'‰]sf, clvndfkm{t\ ljBfyL{hLjg u'hf/]sf logL hLjgnfO{ ;ª\3if{ / ;D‰ff}tfsf dfkb08 ;lD‰G5g\ . Go"/f] ;h{gh:tf] ljifosf ljlzi6 8fS6/ eP/ klg sljtf n]Vg ?rfpg], ;fyLefO;Fu ldn]/ s]xL /fd|f sfo{x¿ ug{ ?rfpg] logsf afgL Joxf]/fx¿ nf]enfUbf / k|]/0ffd'vL b]lvG5g\ . ;flxTo n]vg dxTjk"0f{ /x]/ klg /fHo;+oGqdfkm{t\ ckx]lnt / lt/:s[t /xFb} cfPsf] ;Gbe{ lgofn]/ pgL ;flxTosf] kl/efiffdf x'tLxf/f ljb|f]x eGg ?rfpF5g\ . ljBfno k9\bfb]lv g} sljtf n]Vg dg ug]{ logsf ;flxTo n]vgsf k|]/0ffsf u'?x¿ x'g\ ufpFsf k|fylds ljBfnosf lzIfsx¿ . lj=;+= @)@$ df3 !$ ut] s'zfbjLdf lktf uDeL/Wjh yfkf / dftf ;/:jtLsf 5f]/f eO{ hGd]sf afns[i0fn] ;ª\3if{af6 g} l;Sb}, cfkm"nfO{ ;DefNb} ;Ifd 8fS6/sf ¿kdf pEofPsf x'g\ . k|i6 ljrf/ /flvxfNg], gofF ljifoj:t'x¿nfO{ 1fgdf abnLxfNg] hfFul/nf afgL Joxf]/fn] g} logL cfkm"nfO{ ;an agfpg ;Ifd eP . logL jLkL sf]O/fnf d]df]l/on SofG;/ c:ktfn / lrtjg c:ktfndf Go"/f] ;h{g 8fS6/sf ¿kdf sfo{/t lyP . c;n / s'zn dfG5] aGg] rfxgf af]s]/ logL /fhgLltdf cfˆgf] ljrf/ ;Dk|]if0f u/]/, ;flxTodf dg lbP/ cfkm"nfO{ lqmofzLn t'NofpFb} cfPsf x'g\ . cDdn eg]sf] g} logsf b[li6df c;n sfd / ;dk{0f xf] . To;}n] logL ;w}+ cfˆgf] sfddf nflu/xG5g\ / ;w}+ ar]sf] ;do hf]xf] u/]/ l;h{gf / cWoogdf nflu/xg dg k/fpF5g\ . ;'ldqf yfkfsf] dfof kfP/ O/fbf / ;+3if{nfO{ x'sf{pg cfkm";Sbf] sf]l;; ul//x]sf

cfjZostf

o; ;+:yfsf] nflu lgDg sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx?n] cfkm\gf] Joltmut ljj/0f, of]Uotfsf k|df0fkqsf k|ltlnlkx? / lnlvt cfj]bg ;lxt sfof{nodf b/vf:t kmf/d eg{ x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

logL hLjgdf crfgs b'36{ gf ef]u/] xfdL ;a};Fu 6f9f /xg uP . xl/of] logsf] lk|o /ª\u . b'uf{nfn >]i7 / vu]Gb| ;ª\u|f}nf logsf lk|o n]vsx¿ . DoflS;d uf]sL{ k9]/ logL slxNo} yfs]gg\ . /fHo / ;dfhdf ljs[lt x6f];\, ;'zf;g rnf];\, /fHo ;+rfng s]an /fhgLlt1x¿sf] dfq rfxgf gagf];\ eGg] logsf] dgleqsf] rfxgf ePs} sf/0fn] ;a}sf] lhDd]jf/Ln] dfq zfGt, ljsl;t /fHo aG5 eGg] cjwf/0ff af]s]/ cfkm" klg ;dfhleq ;xefuL x'g ?rfO/xg] logsf] :jefj ;w}+ lqmofzLn lyof] . ef/t, rLg, a+unfb]z, kfls:tfg, >Ln+sf, xªsª, hfkfg, yfONof08, ?;, o'PO{, :nf]e]lgof, cd]l/sf, g]b/Nof08, a]lNhod, nSh]Dau{, l;+ufk'/ cflb /fi6«x¿dfq 3'd]gg\ logn] cfˆgf] b]z g]kfnsf ;a}h;f] lhNnfdf klg 3'd]/ g]kfn a'´g ;Ifd eP logL . dfG5]sf rfxgfx¿ cgluGtL x'G5g\ . tL rfxgfx¿ k"lt{ ug{ nflu/xg'k5{ cGoyf rfxgf k"lt{ x'g] ;Defjgf x'Fb}g, logL eGg] uy]{ . jf:tjdf dfG5] eg"F g} lqmofzLntfsf] gfd xf] . ;ª\3if{ g} hLjg xf] dfG5]sf] . dfG5]n] u/] s] x'Fb}g < o:t} efjgf dgdf /fv]/ lxFl8/x]sf afns[i0f yfkfn] lrtjgdf klg Go"/f] ;h{/Lsf ?kdf dfq xf]Og, ;a}sf lk|o ;dfhsf ;]js tyf n]vssf ?kdf lrgfP/ uP . sfed]|f hGds ] f t/ lrlsT;f ljlw / ;j]fdf cfkmn"fO{ ;dlkt{ tN'ofP/ gk]fn JofKt ags ] f afnsi[0f yfkfn] cfkm" hGds ] f] 7fpuFfpF / gk]fns} ;j]fdf cfkmn"fO{ nufpg kfpbFf v;'L JoQm u5g{\ . hfuFl/nf, tsz { Ln / cWot]f ePs} sf/0fn] logn] cfkmn"fO{ ;Ifd tN'ofpbF} ;anfO{ lrgfpbF} hfg kfPsf xg'\ . :jf:Yo Ifq]df klg logL ev/{} !% jif{ eof] ;j]f k¥'ofPsf] t/ logn] o;} Ifq]df k¥'ofPsf] ofu]bfg lal;g{;Sg' tN'ofO;ss ] f 5g\ . Go/"f] ;hg{df :gftsfQ]/ u/s ] f logn] Go/"f] ;hg{ kl|jlwdf l;kfn' 8fS6/sf ¿kdf gfd agfO;ss ] f 5g\ . sfe]| lhNnfn] uf/}j ug{ ;lsg] gfd alg;ss ] f 5g\ logL . n]vg If]qdf nfu]/ kl5Nnf]rf]l6 @)$& ;fndf dfq k|sflzt ePsf logsf klxnf] n]]v …hftLo tyf If]qLo k|ltlglwTj tyf k]zfsdL{x¿sf] ynf] x'g'k5{ /fli6«o ;efÚ 5nkmn ;fKtflxs klqsfdf k|sflzt 5g\ . afafk'/f df]8]n ;dfj]zL ;+ljwfg;ef g]kfn d"n k|Zg & gfds k':ts lrtjgsf a'l4hLjLx¿ afns[i0f kf}8]n, 8f= k'0ok|;fb /]UdL, /fhs'df/ ltjf/Lsf ;xn]vgdf k|sflzt 5g\ . pQm k':ts ;dfj]zL ;+ljwfg;efsf] vfsf lvRg ;kmn 5g\ . o; k':tsn] b]vfpF5 – afns[i0f yfkf 8fS6/L k];fdf dfq ;Lldt 5}gg\ . logL /fhgLlt

kgf}tL÷pBd lasf; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;:yf ln kgf}tLsf] cfof]hgfdf Pslbg] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzj/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lzlj/df kgf}lt gu/kflnsf sl/a @ ;o %) hgf eGbf al9 ;b:ox¿n] :jf:y kl/If0f u/]sf 5g\ . u+ufnfn c:ktfnsf jl/i7 d'6/' f]u ljz]if1 /flhj/fh e08f/L Pdl; c:ktfnsf 8fS6/ lgnd y';f tyf eQmk'/ xf6{ P08 8fO{el] 6h ;]G6/sf] ;xof]udf dw'dx] /Qmrfk d'6' kmf]J;f] /f]u ;DjlGw

;f]R5g\, cfˆgf] b[li6 efjgf snddfkm{t\ JoQm u5{g\ . To;}n] t logL b]zk|ltsf] lhDd]jf/L lgefpg klg ;Ifd 5g\ eGg ;lsG5 . 8fS6/ afns[i0f xl:k6ndf klg ;]jf ;D‰]/ wfpF5g\ . /fd|/L lSnlgs rnfpF5g\ . ;dfh / b]zk|ltsf] lhDd]jf/L eg]sf] 8fS6/x¿ l;km{ cfˆgf] k];fnfO{ ;lD‰G5g\ / s/f]8f}+ sdfpg] w[i6tf af]S5g\ . t/ logL c? 8fS6/x¿eGbf k[ys b]lvG5g\ . lsgeg] logL b]zk|lt cfˆgf] klg lhDd]jf/L 5 eG5g\ . o; vfnsf] lrGtg dgg af]s]/ :jf:YoIf]qdf nfu]sf sf/0fn] logL cWoogzLn / ;dfhk/s b]lvPsf] xf] . logsf k|sflzt k':tsx?df !_ 8fS6/L sljtf -sljtf;ª\u|x–@)^!_, @_ 8fS6/sf] sljtf -sljtf;ª\u|x–@)^(_, #_ Go"/f] csf] ;h{/L Og g]kfn -O=;+= @)!#_ / $_ lr/kmf/ -lgaGw;ª\u|x–@)&)_ 5g\ . sljtfdf klg lgikIf efjgf kf]Vb} sljsf ?kdf b]vf kb}{ cfPsf logL ;dfh g}lts w/ftndf plePsf] x]g{ rfxG5g\ . oyfy{jfbL b[li6 kf]Vb} k|ultzLn–b[li6r]t\ logsf sljtfdf kfOg] ljz]iftfx? x'g\ . o:t} vfnsf] ljs[ltsf lj?4 snd rnfpg l;kfn' ag]sf slj 8fS6/ afns[i0f yfkf;Fu d]/f] kl/ro #% cf}+ jif{ cufl8b]lv ePsf] xf] . pgL 8fS6/ ag], d n]vs . /fhgLlt cf:yf / ljZjf; pxL pxL . b]z / hgtfs} kIfdf pgL nfUg rflx/x] – d klg cfˆg} cf:yfdf s'lb/x]F . cfh crfgs pgL xjfO{ b'3{6gfdf k/]sf] ;dfrf/n] d]/f] dg ?jfOlbof] . s] egf}+ v} Û x'g] x'Fbf] /x]5 . cnljbf elg/x]5' d]/f ldqefO afns[i0f yfkfnfO{ . pgn] cfˆgf] sljtfdf n]v]em}+ pgnfO{ ;lDem/xG5' — ltdL hxfF eP klg÷ hxfF uP klg÷ w}o{tfsf] afFw gkm'6fpg'÷ z/L/?kL rL/ x/] klg÷ cfTdf?kL rL/ hf]ufpg'÷ Oltxf;sf] Ps e]pn]÷ ltdLnfO{ :jLsf/ ug]{ 5÷ ltd|f] ;':jfutddf d klg klv{/xg]5'÷ hLljt jf d[t÷ t/ klg d klv{/xg]5'÷ / klg d klv{/xg]5' .

cfjZostf

kb M slgi7 ;xfos tx M # -k|yd_ sfo{ M ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+Vof M @ -b'O{_, pd]/ M !* b]lv #% aif{ ggf3]sf] of]Uotf M P;=Pn l;=÷P;= O{= O{= ptL0f{ jf ;f] ;/x gf]6 M– -;DalGwt sfddf cg'ejL / :yflgonfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf_ tna M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ cfj]bg z"Ns M ?=!)).– cfj]bg lbg] clGtd ldlt M@)&$÷!@÷!^ ut] ;Dd cGtjf{tf M @)&$÷!@÷!& ut] d'Vo sfof{noM ag]kf–!), ;]tf]kf6L rf]sdf_

ag]kfsf] Ps k|ltli7t ;sf/L ;+:yfsf] nflu lgDg sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx?n] cfkm\gf] Joltmut ljj/0f, of]Uotfsf k|df0fkqsf k|ltlnlkx? / lnlvt cfj]bg ;lxt sfof{nodf b/vf:t kmf/d eg{ x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . != kb M k|aGws ;+Vof M ! of]Uotf M lalaP; jf ;f]eGbf dfly @= kb M C0f clws[t ;+Vof M ! of]Uotf M lalaP; jf ;f] ;/x #= kb M Sofl;o/ ;+Vof M @ of]Uotf M ±@ jf ;f] ;/x $= kb M ahf/ k|a4{s ;+Vof M !% of]Uotf M ±@ jf ;f] ;/x %= kb M sfof{no ;xof]uL ;+Vof M ! of]Uotf M P;O{O{ jf ;f] ;/x gf]6 M– -;DalGwt sfddf cg'ejL / :yflgonfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf_ tna M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/

;Dks{

lkk'N; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= d'Vo sfof{noM ag]kf–!) ;]tf]kf6L rf]s, )!!–^*)@)*, ;]jf sfof{noM ag]kf–*,rfFbgL rf]s ^^)**& Od]n M peoplessaccos@gmail.com

;Dks{ M (*)!)$&&&#

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

cfjZostf

hGd M @)@*.&.@@

:j= b'uf{ yfkf

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.%

u0f]zrf]s k/f]ksf/ ;d"xsf ;b:o lji0f'xl/ yfkfsf ddtfdoL dftf b'uf{ yfkfsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgx?df xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

7fs'/ ahufO{ cWoIf tyf

u0f]zrf]s k/f]ksf/ ;d"x kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

o; kz'klt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] nflu lgDg kbsf] nflu sd{rf/L cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's JolQmx?n] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{'xf]nf. !=kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw of]UotfM– P;O{O{ jf ;f]eGbf dfly pd]/ M !^ jif{ k"/f eO{ #) jif{ ggf3]sf] kfl/>lds M ;+:yfsf] lgod cg';f/ @=kb M sfof{no ;xof]uL -dlxnf_ of]UotfM– P;O{O{ jf ;f] ;/x kfl/>lds M ;+:yfsf] lgod cg';f/

;+VofM– !% -k'?if !), dlxnf %_

;+VofM– ! ;Dks{

kz'klt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–&, kmf]g g+= M )!!–^^#$!*

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @)@# ;fpg

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!!.@#

:j= ch{'g l3ld/] kz'wg ;'/If0f ;ldlt ag]kf g=kf= ! / @ sf pkfWoIf ljGbf l3ld/]sf >Ldfg ch{'gk|;fb l3ld/s ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgx?df xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

/fhs'df/ l3ld/]

ljb'/ lu/L

cWoIf

cWoIf

kz'wg ;'/If0f ;ldlt kl/jf/

hgcfbz{ a=p=;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/

ag]kf g=kf= ! / @, sfe|]

ag]kf g=kf= @, 6's'rf, sfe|]

ljz]if1x¿n] ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf lyP . lgMz'Ns cf}iflw ;d]t ljt/0f ul/Psf] pQm lzlj/df Ol;lh, O{sf] nufotsf ;]jf k|bfg ul/Psf] ;+:yfsf cWoIf /f]zg s'df/ >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbP . ;xsf/Lsf] aflifs { sfoq{md cGtut ub{} ePsf] pQm :jf:Yo lzlj/nfO{ cfufdL jifx{¿df ;dt] lg/Gt/tf lbg] hgfPsf] 5 . pQm :jf:Yo k/LIf0faf6 a4[j4[fx¿n] ;ae}Gbf al9 ;j]f lnPsf] hfgsf/L ;dt] cWoIf /fz ] g sd'f/ >i]7 hfgsf/L lbP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @)@*.&.@@

:j= b'uf{ yfkf

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&$.!@.%

sfe|] e'tk"j{ ;}lgs z'esfdgf ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf z]o/ ;b:o b'uf{ yfkfsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgx?df xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

kbdaxfb'/ s]=;L= cWoIf

sfe|] e'tk"j{ ;}lgs z'esfdgf ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf cbfnt w'lnv]n

n]vfk9L Joj;foLsf] k/LIff ;DaGwL ;"rgf o; lhNnf cbfntsf] ldlt @)&$.!!.@& sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ c8\8f cbfntdf n]vfk9L Joj;foLsf] ?kdf sfd ug{ b]xfo adf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx?n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #) lbgleq /Ltk"j{ssf] b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/Psf] 5 . tkl;n != n]vfk9L Joj;foL k/LIffsf] nflu b/vf:t kmf/d g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;P;g sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf af/ PsfO{af6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . @= cfjZos Go"gtd of]Uotf M g]kfnL efiff /fd|f] n]vk9 ug{ hfGg] . #= b/vf:t kmf/d ;fy k]z ug{'kg{] sfuhft M -s_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk .

-v_ z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk .

-u_ b/vf:tjfnfsf] xfn;fn} lvr]sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] @ k|lt . $= k/LIff b:t'/ ?= !)).– %= b/vf:t a'emfpg] ldlt / ;do cjlw M ldlt @)&$.!@.! ut]b]lv @)&$.!@.#) ut];Dd sfof{no ;doleq . ^= b/vf:t a'emfpg] :yfg M sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf cbfntsf] k|zf;g zfvf . &= k/LIff ldlt M @)&%.!.$ ut] k|sflzt ul/g]5 . *= k/LIff ;ldltn] :jLs[t u/]sf] lgDg ljifox?af6 ;}4flGts / lnlvt d:of}bf n]vgsf ljifox? ;dfj]z u/L k|Zgx? ;f]lwg]5g\ . kf7\oqmd – cbfntsf] clwsf/ If]q, xbDofb, xsb}of ;DalGw ;fdfGo hfgsf/L .

– d'n'sL P]g, cbfntL aGbf]a:tsf] dxnsf] @$, @% g+= .

– d'n'sL P]g, sfuhfFrsf] dxn .

– d'n'sL P]g, /lhi6«]zgsf] dxn .

– u'h|]sf] Dofb yfDg] sfg'gL Joj:yf /;f] ;DaGwL lgj]bgsf] d:of}bf -d'n'sL P]g c=j+= %(, ^@ / !&% g+=_ – jf/]z ;DaGwL sfg'gL Joj:yf / lgj]bgsf] d:of}bf d'n'sL P]g c=j= ^% g+=_ – sf]6{ kmL ;DaGwL ;fdfGo hfgsf/L .

– Jojxfl/s lnvt ;DaGwL hfgsf/L tyf skfnL td;'s, ef]uaGws, b[li6aGws, nvgaGws /flhgfdf, as;kq, 5f]8kq, ;§fk§, dfgf] hf]l8Psf], dfgf] 5'l§Psf], c+zj08fkq, c+z e/kfO{, 3/ jfxnsf] sfuh cflbsf] d:of}bf .

– d'2f ;sf/ ;DaGwL sfg'gL Joj:yf / ;f]sf] d:of}bf .

– gfd;f/L bflvn vf/]h, hUuf btf{, /}s/ kl/0ft ;DaGwL lnvtx?sf] d:of}bf . gf]6 M g]=jf=P= sfe|]knf~rf]saf6 n]vfk9L Joj;foLsf] k/LIffsf] nflu tof/L sIffx? ;+rfng x'g] .

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

u0'f:tl/o lzIffsf] dxTjk0"f{ afws M cu+h ]| L laifoM Ps lrGtg ?sd0fL l;Ub]n b'O{j6f 8'+ufdf Ps}k6s v'§f /fVg ;lsGg eg] h:t} g]kfnL / c+u|]hL efiffdf;Fu} lzIf0f ug{'{kbf{ / l;Sg' kbf{ of] 6'Ssf Aojxf/df 7\ofSs} nfu" eP h:tf] efg x'G5 . ha;Dd cfkm"nfO{ kb}{g dflg;n] s'g} s'/fsf] dx;'; ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] s'/fsf] dgg ub}{ cfh oL cIf/ x? v]nfpg dg nflu/x]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do lzIffnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo agfpg] xf]8df g]kfnsf] lzIff k2ltdf h'g Pp6f unt sfd eof] Tof] eg]sf] s]an c+u|]hL efiffnfO{ clgjfo{ laifosf] ?kdf cWog ug{ nufO{g' xf] . c+uh]| L s'g} ljifo geP/ efiff xf] . of] clgjfo{ laifo eg]/ lsg cWofkg u/fO{G5 < lsg kf7\oqmd /flvG5< of] sfd slQsf] 7Ls xf] ca dgg ug]{ a]nf ePsf] 5 .

Kn]6f], Pl/:6f]6n, k+ma] n] , dG6]Zj/L b]lv luh'efO ;Ddsf ;a} k|Voft lzIffljb\x?n] eg]sf s'/fnfO{ b[li6ut ug]{ xf] eg] afnaflnsfn] k|fljlws s'/f l;Sg ;Sg] pd]/ eg]sf] !@, !# aif{ b]lv dfq} xf] . csf{sf] efiff eGg' klg k|fljlws ljifo g} xf] . clg xfdL # aif{sf] aRrfnfO{ /6fP/ c+uh]| L efiff l;sfpFbf /x]5f},+ u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf] gfpFdf . aRrfn] c+uh]| L lkml6Ss} hfg]g eg]/ xfdL g} s/fpFbf /x]5f}F . t/ hf8f] dlxgfdf km;L{ kmnf];\ eGg' jf kmnfpg} vf]Hg' h:t} ePsf] 5 cleefjs / lzIfssf nflu / kmnfdsf] Ro'/f h:t} ePsf] 5 l;Sg] elgPsf ;fgf ;fgf efO{ alxgLx?sf nflu . ;+ljwfgn] Psflt/ Aoj:yf ul/lbPsf] 5 cfkm\gf] dft[ efiffdf k9\g kfO{g] eg]/ . km]/L /fhsfhsf] efiff g]kfnL xf] egL Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . km]/L c+uh]| L laifonfO{ clgjfo{ elg lsg Aoj:yf ul/G5 < kf7\oqmddf < cGt/f{li6«o efiffsf ?kdf c+uh]| L efiff k|of]u ePsf] 5 eGb}df ;fgf] aRrfn] ;ls g;ls of] k9\g} kg]{ xf] / < cem Tolt dfq sxfF xf] / < P;OO k/LIffdf of] laifodf u|8] ;L ;Dd gNofP /fd|f / k|fljlws ljifox? Kf9\g kfpg] clwsf/af6 al~rt ug]{ ;Ddsf] s'/fsf] Ol08s]6/ c+uh]| L g} /x]sf] 5 . s] of] s'/f 7Ls xf] t < oL tTjx?sf] aLr ePsf] la/f]wfefif x6fpg' kg]{ xf], xf] ls xf]Og < Psflt/ clwsf/ lbg] / csf]l{ t/ ltg} clwsf/ vf]:g] gLlt agfpg] . of] sfd kSs} klg 7Ls x'Gg . Pp6f sfo{qmddf ev{/} lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwn] casf] lzIff c+uh]| L dfWoddf x'gk' g]{ clgjfo{tf

jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/

xflb{s awfO{ g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

hLjgfy k/fh'nL÷hfg'sf k/fh'nL efiff, efiff xf] laifosf ?kdf lzIf0f ul/g' sbflrt 7Ls xf]O{g, aRrfsf] cfkm\gf] efiffdf l;Sg kfpg] g};lu{s xssf] /Iffsf] nflu klg lzIf0fsf] dfWod / laifo g]kfnL efiffdf g} x'g'kb{5 . o;f] ul/of] eg] g]kfnL sfdsfhsf] efiffsf] hu]gf{ / lzIffdf u'0f:t/ b'a} s'/f Ps}k6s, /fd|/L ;xh} xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5 .

eO{;s]sf] 5 eGg] cleAolQm AoSt ug'e{ Psf] lyof] . To;f] elg /xFbf d}n] ;f]r] ;fFRr} To:tf] eof] eg] xfd|f] cfkm\gf] efiffsf] ult s] xf]nf < cfh ljBfnosf] l;sfO{sf] jftfj/0f sfu g as'Nnf] x'g] t/v/df 5, efiffsf] sf/0fn] . xfd|f ljBfyL{x? g /fd|/L g]kfnL af]Ng hfGb5g\ g c+u|]hL . c+u|hL dfWoddf k9fpg] ;+:yfut ljßfnodf klg ;fgf sIffx?df oL ;d:of 5g\ . oBlk o;sf] d"n h8 eg]sf] l;Sg ;Sg] / cfjZostfsf] dx;'; g} geO{ eg]/ aRrfnfO{ ha/h:tL c+u|]hL efifftkm{ pGd'v u/fpg' xf] . efiff eg]sf] cfjZostfn] l;Sg'kg]{ lrh xf] . of] laifosf ?kdf k9fpg'kg]{ laifo xf]O{g . efiff l;Sg rfx]df 5f]6f] ;dodf l;Sg ;lsG5 dflg;sf] pd]/ kl/kSj ePkl5 . cfh ;fgf] g;{/Ldf jf lzz' sIffdf k9\g] e'/f] cfFknfO{ DofËf] eg]/ af]nfpF5 / a'em\5 . cfFknfO{ cfFk eGg' kg]{ s'/f p;nfO{ yfx 5}g . b'O{ Psfg] b'O{ eg]/ k9\g' ;lhnf] x'G5 eg] ;f]rf}+ of] s'/fsf] b':k|efj xfd|f] g]kfnL efiffdf slt dfqfdf kl//x]sf] xf]nf < g]kfnL efiffsf] hu]gf{ ug{' xfd|f] bfloTj xf] . lsgsL of] xfd|f] /fhsfhsf] efiff xf] . b]zleq c? efifLsfx?sf] dfWod efiff xf] . b]zdf cl:tTjdf c? !@% efiff / efifLsf 5g . lt efiff af]Ng]nfO{ t emg c+u|]hL ljifosf ?kdf k9\g' kbf{ tLg efiff x'Fbf]/x]5 . c? eflifsfaf6 g]kfnL efiff af]Ng / l;Sg t ufx|f] 5 eg] km]/L To;df c+u|hL Tof] klg ljifosf ?kdf ylkFbf plgx?nfO{ emg af]emsf] ?kdf x'bf]/x]5 . o;sf/0f aRrfn] cfkm\g} efiff jf /fli6«o efiffdf g} /fd|f];Fu a'em\g / l;Sg ;Sb5 . c+u|]hL efiffdf tNnf] tx b]lv g} l;sfpg' aRrfsf] kl/kSjtfsf]

lx;fan] klg 7Ls /xGg . csf]{ s'/f efiff eg]sf] dflyNnf] h:tf] nfUb}g .

To;}klg ljBno tx x'Gh]n k9fO{ g} dxTjk"0f{ laifo x'g] x'gfn] afnaflnsfsf] sfdsf Tolt c+uh]| L k|of]u x'bg} . ljsNksf] ?kdf P]lR5s laifosf ?kdf df=lj= txdf of] laifosf ?kdf geO{ efiffsf] ?kdf l;sfO{g' clt pQd x'g hfG5 . tNnf / ;fgf sIffdf c+uh]| LnfO{ Tof] klg laifosf ?kdf k9fO{ l;sfO{ ugf{n] xfd|f] z}lIfs uGtAodf g} afwf k'us ] f] 5 . laBfyL{df kf; ug{ g;Sg] lxgtf a9]sf] 5 . Tolx Pp6f laifosf sf/0f z}lIfs pknlAwdf x|f; cfPsf] 5 . sltn] o;s} sf/0f k9fO{ aLr}df 5f]8b\ 5g . ;fgf sIffsf aRrfx?

Tolx laifosf sf/0f :s"n kmf]laof x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . o:tf y'k|} ;d:of 5g h'g c+uh]| L efiffn] xf]Og{ laifon] NofPsf] 5 . ca o;sf] ;dfwfg lgla{sNk vf]lhg' kb{5 . h;sf nflu oL sfo{x? clgjfo{ 5g\ . b]z ;+3Lotfdf uO{/x]sf] 5 of] kl/k|I] odf :yflgo lzIff gLltdf cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df dfq c+uh]| L efiff l;Sg' olrt x'g] v'nf Aoj:yf ul/g' kb{5 .

Hfg;d'bfodf c+uh]| L laifo k|ltsf] df]x / e|dnfO{ snd ug'{ kb{5 h;n] ubf{ g]kfnL efiff cf]em]ndf kg{ af6 hu]gf{ x'g5 ] . efiff, efiff xf] laifosf ?kdf lzIf0f ul/g' sbflrt 7Ls xf]Og{ , aRrfsf] cfkm\gf] efiffdf l;Sg kfpg] g};lu{s xssf] /Iffsf] nflu klg lzIf0fsf] dfWod / laifo g]kfnL efiffdf g} x'gk' b{5 . o;f] ul/of] eg] g]kfnL sfdsfhsf] efiffsf] hu]gf{ / lzIffdf u'0f:t/ b'a} s'/f Ps}k6s, /fd|/L ;xh} xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5 . o; n] v sf] k| l tlqmofsf] nflu rukmani2068@gmail.com

g]kfn ;/sf/ /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] ;lrjfno

s]Gb|Lo tYof+s ljefu

/fli6«o cfly{s u0fgf @)&% lhNnf cfly{s u0fgf sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]s, w'lnv]n

nf]slk|o rfpldg kl/jf/ ag]kf–!!, @* lsnf], sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{ g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

/ljGb| j}bf/ k|f]kfO6/

clgn ;'lgn kmlg{r/ pBf]u k|fln= kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{ g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

h+uaxfb'/ dxt -dg/fh_

s/f/df u0fsx?sf] ;]jf lng] ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|sflzt ldltM@)&$÷!@÷*

s]Gb|Lo tYof+s ljefuaf6 ;~rfng ul/g] k|yd /fli6«o cfly{s u0fgf @)&% sf] :ynut sfo{ ;~rfngsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ hgzlQm kl/rfngsf nflu k|fKt sfof{ b]zdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ tyf lhNnf cfly{s u0fgf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] lg0f{ocg';f/ sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf nflu @)&$ r}q !^ut]b]lv @)&% h]i7 d;fGt;Dd -@ dlxgf kGw| lbg_ sfdsfh ug]{ u/L g]kfn lghfdtL ;]jfsf] /fhkq cg+lst l4tLo >]0fL jf ;f] ;/xsf] u0fs kbdf s/f/ lgo'lQm u/L kl/rfng ug{ cfjZos ePsfn] tkl;nsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf g]kfnL gful/sn] of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] & -;ft_ lbgleq -clGtd lbgljbf k/]df nuQ} sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg_ ?= !) sf] l6s6 / xfn;fn} lvr]sf] :jo+ k|dfl0ft kmf]6f] 6fF;L lgj]bg lbg' x'g ;"lrt ul/G5 . ;fy} b/vf:t lbg] JolQmx?n] g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq, cfjZos Go'gtd z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] nJwf+s kq / rfl/lqs k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;]jfsf cGo zt{ tyf ;'ljwfx? 5gf}6 ePsf pDd]bjf/;Fu o; sfof{non] k|fKt sfof{b]z / lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd ug]{ s/f/ ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ x'g]5 . tkl;nM s_ kbM u0fs v_ ;+Vof M &$ -rf}xQ/_ hgf u_sfd ug'{kg]{ :yfg M sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf ;a} If]q 3_ cfjZos Go'gtd of]UotfM !=sDtLdf !* jif{ k"/f eO{ k}tfnL; jif{ pd]/ ggf3]sf] g]kfnL gful/s . @= sDtLdf !)) k"0f{f+ssf] ul0ft jf tYof+ zf:q ljifo lnO{ lj1fg jf Joj:yfkg jf dfgljsL jf lzIff jf OlGhlgol/ª jf jg lj1fg ;+sfo cGtu{t k|lj0ftf k|df0fkq tx jf bzhf]8 b'O{ tx pQL0f{ u/]sf], gf]6M != b/vf:t lbPsf JolQmx?sf] z}lIfs of]Uotf, pd]/ / lgb]{lzsfdf plNnlvt cGo of]Uotf k'u] gk'u]sf] 5fgjLg u/L of]Uotf k'u]sf b/vf:t jfnfx?n] k|lj0ftf k|df0fkq tx jf bzhf]8 b'O{ tx pQL0f{ ubf{ k|fKt u/]sf] c+ssf] k|ltztsf cfwf/df of]Uotf qmd lgwf{/0f u/L -pRr k|ltzt k|fKt ug]{ pDd]bjf/af6 qmdzMcfjZos ;+Vofdf_ 5gf}6 ul/g]5 . s'g} pDd]bjf/sf] k|fKtf+s k|ltzt a/fa/ x'g cfPdf ul0ft ljifodf j9L k|ltzt k|fKt ug]{ pDd]bjf/nfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . 5gf}6 x'g g;s]sf pDd]bjf/x?sf] klg k|fKt k|ltzt cg';f/ gfdfjnL k|sfzg ul/g]5 / j}slNks hgzlQmsf] ?kdf of]Uotf qmdnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL cfjZostf cg';f/ kl/rfng ub}{ nlug]5 . @= 5gf}6 ePsf pDd]bjf/x?n] ldlt @)&$ r}q !^ / !&ut] o; sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] ldltdf ;Dks{ ug{ gcfPdf of]Uotf qmd cg';f/sf j}slNks pDd]bjf/sf] 5gf}6 ul/g]5 .

yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu o; sfof{no -tYof+s sfof{no, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf–&, x'vf{6f]n_ df ;f]em} jf kmf]= g+= )!!–$()&$* df ;Dks{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

k|aGw lgb{]zs tyf

dxt sG6«Szg ;Knfo;{ tyf k|f=ln kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{ g]skf Pdfn] sfe|]sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]s'n af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

lblnk zdf{

uf]s'n uf}td

cWoIf

sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs

;|f]t Joj:yfkg tyf u|fdL0f ;zlQms/0f s]Gb| -l/d/]s_ kl/jf/ w'lnv]n, sfe|]

(

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/

kf]N6«L ljz]if 8f= u0f]z aGhf/f

s'v'/fdf uDaf/f] /f]u uDaf/f] /f]u ;g\ !(^@ cd]l/sfsf] uDaf/f] l8nfjo]/ eGg] 7fpFdf klxnf] k6s b]lvPsf] lyof] . uDaf/f] /f]u la/gfle/]l8O (Biranaviridae) ;d"x cGt{/ut Plelj/gf (Avibirna virus) ljiff0f'n] nufpg] ;+qmfds /f]usf] ?kdf lnOG5 . uDaf/f]sf] ljiff0f'nfO{ @ efudf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . Pp6f ;fwf/0f (IBDV) 5 eg] csf]{ w]/} g} ;+qmfds uDaf/]f (Very virulent IBDV) /x]sf] 5 . w]/} g} ;+sf|ds uDaf/f] (vvIBDV) n] cfkm\gf] ?k kl/jt{g ul/ w]/} g} s8f /f]u nufO{ cfly{s gf]S;fgL u/fpg ;S5g\ . ljz]iful/ # b]lv ^ xKtf;Ddsf] x's{b} u/]sf] rNnfx?df of] /f]u nfUg] ;Defjgf a9L /xG5 . of] /f]un] /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zlQm 36fpg] x'gfn] Ps kN6 /f]u b]lvPsf] kmd{df af/Daf/ c? /f]ux?sf] ;+qmd0fx?df h:t} dfOsf]KnfHdf, ;fNdf]g]nf, slS;l8of]l;; cflb klg b]lv/xg ;S5 . of] /f]un] /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zltm a9fpg] s'v'/fsf] jiff{ k]mlA/s;df (Bursa of Fabricius) ePsf] Lymphoid Tissue d'Vo c;/ ub{5 . jiff{ k]mlA/s;df klxnf] @ xKtf df kl/kSs gePsf aL — lnDkmf];fO8 kfOG5g . To:t} # b]lv ^ xKtfdf k'/} ljslzt ePsf aL — lnDkmf];fO8 kfOG5g . ^ xKtf kl5 5f]6f] cfo' ePsf s'v'/fsf] jiff{ ;fgf] x'b} hfg] / !@ xKtf kl5 nfdf] cfo' ePsf s'v'/fsf] jiff{ ;fgf] x'b} hfg] x'G5 . ToxL eP/ !@ xKtf kl5sf s'v'/fx?df uDaf/f] gb]lvg] / b]lvPdf vvIBDV x'g ;S5 . of] uDaf/f]sf] ljiff0f'x? cln zlQmzfnL x'gfn] afXo jftfj/0fdf w]/} ;do;Dd afFRfL /xg ;S5g . To:t} afXo jftfj/0fdf w]/} ;do;Dd afFRg ;Sg] vfnsf /f]ux?df lgDg k|sf/sf 5g\ . dfOsf]KnfHdf — 306f b]lv s]xL lbg, Pleog OGNk'mGhf /

cy{e"ld art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= w'lnv]n, sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!–$()^($

#% lbg] ;fj{hflgs ;'rgf k|ydk6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&$.!@.* pk/f]Qm ;DaGwdf tkl;ndf pNn]lvt ljj/0f ePsf o; ;+:yfsf] z]o/ ;b:ox?n] lwtf] shf{ lnO{ o; ;+:yf;Fu u/]sf] zt{ sa'lnot adf]lhd efsfleq cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{sf] ;fFjf Jofh r'Qmf gu/L afFsL aSof}tf /fv]sf] sf/0f o; ;+:yfaf6 tkfO{nfO{ k6s k6s e]6L df}lvs / lnlvt ?kdf shf{sf] ;fFjf Jofh ;lxtsf] afFsL aSof}tf /fv]sf] sf/0f afFsL aSof}tf /fv]sf] shf{ r'Qmf ug{] ;DaGwL of] #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . t;y{ of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbgleq o; ;+:yfdf pkl:yt e} cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{sf] ;fFjf Jofhsf] afFsL aSof}tf /sd ltg{ a'emfpg' cfpg' xf]nf . ;f] efsf leq o; ;+:yfdf pkl:yt e} cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{sf] ;fFjf Jofhsf] afFsL aSof}tf /sd a'emfpg gcfO{ j]jf:tf u/L a;]df ;xsf/L P]g @)$* sf] bkmf #( / ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)$( sf] lgod #( adf]lhd ;'/If0f afkt lwtf] lbPsf] crn ;DklQ lnnd ljqmL u/L afFsL aSof}tf /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 . tklzn

qm=;+ =

C0fLsf] ljj/0f

lwtf] ;' / If0fsf] ljj/0f

C0fLsf] kmf] 6 f] hdfgLstf{÷lwtf] ;'/If0f lbg] hdfgLstf{sf] kmf]6f]

!= C0fLsf] gfd M dfwjgf/fo0f k|hfklt sfe|] lhNnf vf]kf;L j8f g+= @

gfd M ;+ud k|hfklt 7]ufgf M sfe|] ;'Gyfg j8f g+= $ s ls=g+= ^@% If]qkmn )–!)–)–)

@= C0fLsf] gfd M lji0f's'df/ >]i7

gfd M g/axfb'/ >]i7 7]ufgf M 5q]afFem &, bfKrf, sfe|]

afa'sf] gfd M eQmnfn k|hfklt afh] M gGbnfn k|hfklt 7]ufgf M kgf}tL–& gful/stf g+= !$*)%

afa'sf] gfd M g/dfg >]i7 afh] M ?b|dfg >]i7 7]ufgf M 5q]afFem &, bfKrf, sfe|] gful/stf g+= ^!%#*÷%**

#= C0fLsf] gfd M OGb|nfn >]i7

afa'sf] gfd M lji0f'k|;fb >]i7 afh] M s'nbf; >]i7 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n &, sfe|] gful/stf g+= $^# C0fLsf] gfd M bof/fd ouf]n >]i7 $= afa'sf] gfd M s[i0feQm afh] M hoaxfb'/ 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n @, sfe|] gful/stf g+= !*)*@ %= C0fLsf] gfd M a'4/fd ouf]n >]i7 afa'sf] gfd M s[i0feQm afh] M hoaxfb'/ 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n @, sfe|] gful/stf g+= %%!!(

ls=g+= !#!& If]qkmn #–$–)–! j8f g+= @ ls=g+= #))& If]qkmn !–#–)–) bfKrf, sfe|]df /x]sf] j8f g+= $ sf] ls=g+= *)% If]=km= ^–!@–#–! j8f g+= $ sf] ls=g+= *@* If]=km= #–@–#–# j8f g+= $ sf] ls=g+= *@( If]=km= $–!%–!–! j8f g+= * sf] ls=g+= $^@ If]=km= )–!)–@–) w'lnv]n, sfe|]df /x]sf] j8f g+= * s ls=g+= #^ If]=km= )–)–#–# j8f g+= * s sf] ls=g+= (( If]=km= )–!!–#–@

dxf/fgL >]i7 w'=g=kf= %, sfe|]

u}/Llj;f}gf sfe|]df /x]sf] j8f g+= # ls=g+= (!^ If]=km= !–!#–)–@

gfd M bof/fd ouf]n >]i7 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n @, sfe|]

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf

/fgLv]t — lbg b]lv xKtf};Dd, kmfpn sn]/f / ;fNdf]g]nf — xKtf}, slS;l8of]l;; / uDaf/f] — dlxgf}, d/]S; / s'v'/fsf] Ifo/f]u — jiff} ;Dd . uDaf/f] /f]u s;/L ;5{ < uDaf/f]sf] laiff0f'x? s8f vfn] laiff0f' ePsf]n] s'v'/fsf] kmd{ leq PskN6 /f]u b]lvP kZRoft dlxgf} ;Dd aflr/xG5g\ . ljz]ifu/L k|fyldstfsf] ?kdf s'v'/fsf] d'v (Feco-oral Route) xF'b} /f]u ;5{ . ;+qmldt ;'nL, bfgf kfgLsf ef8fx?, ;+qmldt kmd{, ;+qmldt dflg;sf sk8f / /f]ujf6 lgsf] ePsf ;+qmldt kG5L g} /f]usf sf/s tTjx?df k5{g\ . uDaf/f]sf] nIf0fx? ¨ s'v/' fx? emf]qmfpg] ,d[To'b/ a9\g,] bfgf kfgL sd vfg], lx8\bf n8al8g], kv]6 ntf/]/ a:g], ;]tf] kvfnf ug]{ -slxn]sfxL /ut ldl;Psf] klg kvfnf ug]_{ ¨ /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zlQm sd ePsfn] ljleGg lhjf0f'x?sf] ;+sd| 0f kfFrg k|0ffnL / :jf; k|:jf; k|0ffnLdf klg b]lvg] x'G5 . kf]i6df6{ddf b]lvg] nIf0fx? M ¨ jiff{ k]mlA/s; ;'lGgg', /ut jf lkk h:tf] ;]tf] kbfy{ hDdf x'g' . ¨ & b]lv * lbg kl5 jiff{ ;fg' eP/ hfg' . ¨ 5ftL / lt3|fsf] df;'df /Qm>fj b]lvg' . ¨ 3§ / k|fd] l] G6s'n;sf] aLr efudf /Qm>fj b]lvg' . ¨ d[uf}nf ;'lGgg' / o"/6] hDdf x'g' . ;+sl| dt kG5Lsf] pkrf/ laiff0f'af6 nfUg] ePsf]n] /f]usf] ;xL pkrf/ eg] 5}g . /f]u b]lvP kZRoft nut} b]lvg] hLjf0f'sf] ;+qmd0fsf] Go"lgs/0fsf] nflu PlG6jfof]l6s lbg' kb{5 . o:fsf] ;fy} Hj/f] 36fpg] cf}ifwL , /f]u k|lt/f]w Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ cf}ifwL , d[uf}nf lalu|g af6 arfpg] vfnsf] cf}ifwL a9L k|efasf/L /xG5 . vf]/df lgoldt hLjf0f' lg+:qmd0f ug]{ :k]x| ? klg /f]u lgoGq0fdf k|efjsf/L e"ldsf /xG5 . /f]syfd •/f]syfdsf] nfuL h}ljs ;'/Iffn] 7'nf] eldsf v]ns ] f] x'bf ;s] ;Ddsf h}ljs ;'/Iffsf pkfox? ckgfpg' kb{5 . ¨ w]/} dflg;sf] cfjthfjt sd ug]{ . ¨ s'v/' fsf] pd]/ cg';f/ uDaf/f] lj?4sf] EoflS;g ug]{ ¨ EoflS;g hLljt ePsf] x'bF f vf]/df EoflS;g kf]lvg glbg] . ¨ s'v/' fnfO{ EoflS;g];g ug'{ cufj} / EoflS;g];g kZRoft /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zlQm a9fpg] vfnsf cf}iflwx? v'jfpg] . ¨ s'v/' fsf] cj:yf cg';f/ vf]/ leq / aflx/ :k|n] ] lg+:qmd0f ug]{ . cGtdf uDaf/f] /f]uaf6 w]/} g} cfly{s Iflt x'g] ePsfn] /f]u nfu] kl5 pkrf/ eGbf /f]u nfUg glbg] ;fjwfgL ckgfpg h?/L /xG5 . ljz]iful/ of] /f]uaf6 n]o;{ s'v/' f a9L k|efljt eO{ pTkfbg 36\g] xF'bf ljleGg pd]/sf] lg/f]uL cj:yfsf s'v/' fx?df of] /f]u lj?4sf] EoflS;g];g ug'{ k|efjsf/L x'G5 .

gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no w'lnv]n, sfe|]

b/efpkq l:js[ltsf] nflu cfzosf] ;"rgf Kf|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltM @)&$.!@.*

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

o; w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf, gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{non] lgDg cg';f/sf] sfo{sf] nflu lgwf{l/t ldlt leq btf{ ePsf b/efpkqx? dWo] tkl;nsf] b/efpkq ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL b]lvPsf]df l:js[tsf nflu 5gf}6 ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf]n] ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @& sf] -@_ adf]lhd ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 .

o; pu|r08L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] nflu lgDg kbx?sf] nflu sd{rf/Lx?sf] cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's JolQmx?n] tf]lsPsf] ldlt leq cfj]bg lbg' xf]nf .

qm=;+=

!=kb M C0f ;xfos ;+VofM– ! -Ps_ of]UotfM– 10+2 pQL0f{ -Joj:yfkg ;+sfo_ cfj]bg b:t'/M ?=!)).–-?=Ps ;o dfq_ @=kbM ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+VofM– @ -b'O{_ dlxnf of]UotfM– P;=Pn=;L= jf ;f] ;/x cfj]bg b:t'/M ?=%).–-?=krf; ?k}of dfq_ kfl/>lds ;+:yfsf] lgod cg';f/ k]z ug'kg]{ sfuhftx?M s_ x:t lnlvt lgj]bg . v_ gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk . u_ xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kmf]6f] .

3_ afof] 8f6f . ª_ z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|ltlnlk . r_ sDKo"6/ tyf cGo tflndx?sf] k|df0fkqx?sf] k|ltlnlk . cfj]bg lbg] clGtd ldltM @)&$÷!@÷!^ ut] gf]6M cGo hgsf/Lsf] nflu ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf ;Dk{s /fVg'xf]nf . cg'ejL nfO{ u|fx\otf lbOg] 5 .

5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bsx?nfO{ dfq cGtjf{tfdf af]nfOg] 5 .

!=

7]Ssf g+=÷sfdsf] ljj/0f Tender Identification No: WORKS/DMO/074-75/07 The upgrading Works of Shopping Complex.

@=

Tender Identification No: WORKS/DMO/074-75/08 The Construction of Road from DMI hostel to Gandiv Chowk (Ch. 0+300 to 0+400)

#=

Tender Identification No: WORKS/DMO/074-75/09

af]nkqbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf

af]nsaf]n /sd -Eof6 ;d]t_

Ye t i C o n s t r u c t i o n Chabahil, kathmandu

7,12,849.20

Sarbotkrista Nirman Sewa, Banepa-10, Kavre,Nepal

4,48,560.56

E.G. Builders naya gaun deupur-1, Kavre

10,62,596.25

s}lkmot

The Construction and upgrading Works of Road from Dunda mukha- Devitar

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

!)

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/

Xbo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fgsf] s[lif cg';Gwfg k|0ffnLsf] kqsf/sf]============== vfsf ;DjGwL hfgsf/L ;fwf/0f ;ef b'uf{ sfsL{÷ag]kf g]kfn x[bo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fg sfe|] zfvfsf] @# cf}+ aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef k|b]z ;ef ;f+;b a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . zfvf ;efklt xl/eQm ef]l5ef]ofsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfn Åbo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fgsf s]lGb|o cWoIf bLk]G›k'?if 9sfnnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;efdf ag]kf ( c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ lgjf;L ;'/z ] e}nn] cfˆgf] :jlu{o lktfsf] ;Demgfdf Psnfv Psxhf/ Ps ?k}ofsf] r]s cIfosf]ifsf] nflu x:tfGt/0f u/]sf lyP . k|lti7fgsf] nlntk'/ zfvf ;efklt 8f= k'ik/fh /fhsl0f{sf/, sf7df08' zfvfsf] ;efklt an/fd >]i7 / eQmk'/ zfvfsf] ;efklt hggL d"n ;xeflu lyP . pk ;efklt ljdn l;=s'= >]i7sf] :jfut

dGtAo /x]sf] pQm ;efsf] aGb ;qn] ljdn l;=s'= >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltdf ;b:ox? czf]s s'df/ >]i7, 6LsfeQm ef]l5ef]of, u'ag]| tf}hn], ;'>L /fdKof/L >]i7, >LdtL /fdKof/L ah|frfo{, /f];g >]i7, xl/z/0f >]i7, >LdtL lgd{nf sfoiy, gj/fh dfgGw/, >LdtL sdnf sdf{rfo{ / ?ljg v8sf /x]sf 5g\ . ;efklt xl/eQm ef]l5ef]ofn] gjlgjf{lrt ;efklt ljdn l;=s'= >]i7nfO{ a}7s k':ts x:tfGt/0f ul/ ;efkltsf] lhDd]jf/L ;'Dk]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|s ] f k|dv ' pWbj s]=;L, ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|dv ' nIdLg/l;+x jfb], Ojfd'/f c:ktfnsf 8f= pQd sdf{rfo{ nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . ;efdf ;lrasf] aflif{s k|ltj]bg / sf]iffWoIfsf] aflif{s cfoAoo ljj/0fnfO{ ;efn] kf; u/]sf] lyof] . k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/

agk]f÷/fli6o« sl[if cg;'Gwfg k0|ffnL :yfkgf ;DjGwL bO'{ lbg] sfoz { fnf ufi]7L agk]fdf z?' ePsf] 5 . aw'af/af6 z?' ePsf] ufi]7Lsf] ljlxaf/ ;dfkg xg'5] . ufi]7Ldf /fli6o« sl[if cg;'Gwfg k0|ffnLsf] vfsf tof/ xg'5] . sl[if cg;'Gwfgdf so[flzn lj1x?sf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] pQm ufi]7Ldf ax' sl[if cg;'Gwfgstfx{?sf] el"dsfsf] ;dt] klxrfg ul/g5] . cg;'Gwfgsf] l:ytLsf af/d]f hfgsf/L lng] / lbg] sfoz { fnf ufi]7Ldf ljifo;uF lj1 AolQmx?n] sfok{q k:|tt' u/s ] f 5g\ . sfoq{mddf gk]fn sl[if cg;'Gwfg kl/ifbs \ f sfos { f/L lgbz ]{ s aB}gfy dxQfn]] kl5Nnf] ;do sl[if k0|ffnLdf bl]vPsf rg'ft}Lsf af/d]f cg;'Gwfg ug'{ kg]{ atfPsf

lyP . lj1x?n] tof/ u/s ] f] ljlw / cg;'GwfgnfO{ Aojxf/d} ko|fu]df Nofpg l9nfO{ ug{ gxg'] pgn] atfP . sfo{qmddf g]kfn s[lif cg;'Gwfg kl/ifbs \ f sfos { f/L lgbz ]{ s 8f= cfgGbsd'f/ uft}d, kz' ;j]f ljefusf sfos { f/L lgbz ]{ s 8f= an/fd yfkf, Ifl]qo kd|v ' /j]tL/d0f kf8}o\fn, lgbz {] s 8f= l;tf/fd cofn{, pk dxflgbz {] s ;o'k{;|fb kf8}o\fn nufotn] sl[if k0|ffnLnfO{ Aojl:yt ug{ sl[if ljsf; /0fgLltnfO{ ;kmn agfpg /fli6o« sl[if cg;'Gwfg k0|ffnLnfO{ ;kmn agfpg' kg{] atfPsf lyP . ufi]7Ldf lj1x?n] gk]fndf eO/{xs ] f] ko|f; / ljleGg bz ] sf cge'jx?sf af/d]f klg 5nkmn u/s ] f lyP .

hgtf dfljdf Ps lbg] lzlj/

xflb{s awfO{

lgdf{0fsf nflu aif{]gL /sd lbg z'? ul/Psf] lyof] . Pdfn]sf] lhNnf cWoIf x'Fbf lhNnfsf] ;+rf/ If]qsf] ljsf;df af:sf]6fn] gLlt ;lxtsf] lytL z'? u/]sf lyP . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 s]Gb|n] klg k|b]z :t/sf] dxf;+3sf] s]Gb| sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf agfpg] lg0f{o ul/;s]sf] 5 . dGqL af:sf]6f g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3;Fu / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?;Fu ;dGjo u/]/ cuf8L a9\g] atfP .

u[x lhNnfdf eAo :jfut

;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw /fHodGqLdf Pdfn]af6 lgjf{lrt b]zs} bf]>f] nf]slk|o dt k|fKt u/]sf uf]sn' af:sf]6fnfO{ u[x lhNnfdf eAo :jfut ul/Psf] 5 . Pdfn] kf6L{ sfof{nodf cfof]lht :jfut tyf awfO{ sfo{qmddf /fHodGqL af:sf]6f sfo{stf{s} :jfutdf 3]l/g k'u] . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf nufot ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] ;Ddfgsf] cfof]hgf ul/ /fHodGqL af:sf]6fnfO{ eAo :jfut ul/Psf] lyof] . k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] t]>f] k6s z'qmaf/ lj:tf/ u/]sf] dGqL kl/ifb\df af:sf]6f Sofljg]6 ;lxtsf] /fHo dGqLdf lgo'Qm ePsf lyP .

P;O{O={ ================= %) ljBfyL{ /x]sf 5g\ eg] k|fljlws tkm{ ! ;o #) hgf ljBfyL{n] kl/Iff lbg]5g\ . ljBfyL{x?sf nflu $) j6f kl/Iff s]Gb| sfod ul/Psf] 5 . s]Gb|fWoIf $) hgf, ;xfos s]Gb|fWoIf $) hgf lgl/Ifsx?sf] ;+Vof # ;o #@ hgf /x]sf 5g\ . k/LIffsf nflu ! ;o $% j6f ;fd'bflos ljBfno, ^* j6f ;+:yfut ljBfno / Psj6f cgf}krfl/s ljBfnosf ljBfyL{ ;xefuL /x]sf 5g\ . ut jif{ @ ;o !^ ljBfnosf ljBfyL{ k/LIffdf ;xefuL ePsf lyP . of] jif{ @ j6f ljBfno P;OO{ kl/Iffdf ;xeflu ePsf 5g\ . ut jif{ klg rfln;j6f kl/Iff s]Gb| sfod ul/Psf lyP . ut jif{ * xhf/ ^ ;o @) ljBfyL{ k/LIffdf ;xeflu lyP . of] jif{ * ;o !! ljBfyL{ sd ePsf 5g\ . @)&@ ;fnsf] P;Pn;L k/LIffdf !) xhf/ # ;o @ ljBfyL{ ;xefuL ePsf lyP . gLlh ljBfnox?df of] jif{ klg k/LIff s]Gb| tf]lsPsf] 5}g . of] jif{ klg gfnfsf] Zj]t af/fx dfljaf6 s[lif tkm{sf] k|fljlws / w'lnv]nsf] ;~hLjgL dfljaf6 OlGhlgol/Ë tkm{sf ljBfyL{x? k/LIffdf ;xeflu x'g]5g\ . ljBfyL{, lzIfs / cleefjsx?df P;O{O{ k/LIffsf sf/0f gk9] klg kf; eO{G5 eGg] ;f]rsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . k/LIffkmn klg n]6/ u|]l8Ësf dfWodaf6 cfpg] ePsfn] gk9] klg kf; eO{g] xf] ls eGg] e|d lrg{ lzIff sfof{non] k|wfgfWofksx?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 . P Kn;, P, lj Kn;, lj / l; u|]l8Ëdf plQ0f{ x'g] ljBfyL{x?n] dfq} yk lzIff cWoog ug{ kfpg] 5g\ . lzIff sfof{non] k/LIffsf] tof/L :j?k s]Gb|fWoIf tf]Sg], ltgLx?sf] tflnd tyf cGo tof/L clGtd r/0fdf k'¥ofPsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 .

ag]kfsf]=========================== kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|s ] f ;+/Ifs, kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt g]kfnsf s]lGb|o ;b:o u|a' g ] tf}hn] g]kfn x[bo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fg sfe|] zfvfsf] @# cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 pkfWoIfdf, kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe]s | f pkfWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7 ;xsf]iffWoIf, dlxnf kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|s ] f sf]iffWoIf sdnf /fhe08f/L ;b:o kbdf tyf ;ldltsf z'elrGts ljdnnfn l;s' cWoIfdf lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'ge' Psf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ . bdgs'df/ >]i7 ;l/tf zfSo /d]z >]i7 cWoIf cWoIf cWoIf kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt dlxnf kt~hnL of]u o'jf g]kfn kl/jf/, sfe|] ;ldlt, sfe|] sfe|]

ul/df e08f/L÷ag]kf hgtf dfWolds ljBfnodf Ps lbg] :jf:Yo lzlj/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . /f]6/L Sna ckm sfe|,] cf/ cfO{ lb ##)), dn]l;of /f]6/L Snj, l8l:6«s #@(( ;fy} /f]6o« fs Snj ckm w'lnv]nsf] ;xof]udf lzlj/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . lzlj/df # ;o eGbf w]/n} ] ;]jf lnPsf lyP . ljzl;/df gfs, sfg 3fF6L, lj/fdL, xf8hf]gL{, bfFt tyf ;fdfGo ?3f vf]sLsf] pkrf/

ul/Psf] lyof] . lzlj/df ;xeflunfO{ lgz'Ns cf}ifwL ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . lgbg c:ktfn k'Nrf]ssf :jf:YosdL{x?n] lzlj/df lj/fdLx?sf] kl/If0f u/fPsf lyP . kl/If0fdf cfPsf dWo] bfFtsf] ;d:of ePsf ljho >]i7n] lzjl/af6 nfeflGjt ePsf] atfP . sfo{qmddf gdf]a4' gu/kflnsf k|dv ' l6kL zdf{ ltdlN;gfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . – k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/

rf}tf/Lx? s:tf] cj:yfdf slt 5g\ ;f] sf] nut ljj/0f /fVg ;a} j8f sfof{noaf6 nut ;+sng u/L ;f] sf] ljj/0f @)&$ d;fGt leq gu/sfo{kflnsfdf k7fpg] lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . gu/kflnsfn] ;fj{hlgs hUufx? ;+/If0f ug{ g;Sbf hUufsf bnfnx?n] ;fj{hlgs hUuf ;d]t Knl6Ë u/L ljqmL ljt/0f ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . a g ] k f gu/kflnsfn] c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] ag]kf v08sf] bfofFafofF ;9s ;Ldf tyf km'6kfy Aoj:yfkg ug{] sfo{ cleofgs} ?kdf ;+rfng ug{] / P]g lgdf{0f ug{] u/L tTsfnsf nflu & hgf gu/ k|x/Lx? /fVg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . gu/ k|x/Ln] gu/ leq x'g] cltqmd0f /f]Sg]5g\ . gu/ leqsf] kmf]xf]/d}nf Aoj:yfkgsf nflu sfo{kflnsfåf/f ul7t bL3{sflng kmf]xf]/d}nf Aoj:yfkg cWoog ;ldltaf6 lgwf{/0f x'g] cfjZos zt{x? ;dfj]z ul/ lghL If]qsf nflu af]nkq cfAxfg ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . To:t} gS;fkf; gu/L jf kf; ePsf] gS;fdf l:js[t j]u/ x]/km]/ u/L agfPsf] ejgsf] xsdf lgdf0f{ ;DjGwL dfkb08 / ;+lxtf kfngf ePsf] /x]5 eg] gu/kflnsfn] #% lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf dfkm{t nfUg] b:t'/sf] bf]Aa/ b:t'/ lnO{ gS;fkf; ug{ ;Sg] Aoj:yf P]gdf ePsfn] ;f]lx Aoj:yf cg';f/ clGtd k6snfO{ cj;/ lbg] gu/kflnsfn] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . hgk|ltlglw gePsf] df}sf 5f]kL gu/ leq ;of} 3/x? gS;fkf; ljgf / l:js[t gS;fkf; eGbf x]/km]/ u/L lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . gu/kflnsfn] pQm lg0f{on] gu/sf] /fhZjdf ;d]t bf]Aa/ a[4L x'g5 ] .

xflb{s awfO{

g]skf Pdfn] sfe|s ] f k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo :s"n ljefusf ;b:o, k|ltlglw;ef sfe|] If]q g+= @ sf dfggLo ;f+;b uf]sn ' af“:sf]6f g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw -Sofljg]6_ /fHodGqLdf lgo'Qm x'ge' Psf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

nIdL g/l;+ jfb] ;+of]hs

g]skf Pdfn] ag]kf gu/ ;+u7g sld6L kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

!!

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/

g]kfns} pTs[i6 l;4fy{ o;sf/0f sfe|] ;xsf/L kgf}tLdf ;f“:s[lts kbofqf dfljsf] #$ cf} jflif{sf]pT;a :j0f{ dxf]T;j ljgf]b k/fh'nL ;xsfo{sf] ;+:s[tL af]ss ] f] g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;xsf/Ltfsf] ;+:yfut yfngL ePsf] ^ bzs k'/f ePsf] 5 . ;j{;fw/0f gfu/Lsx? :jt:km"t{ ?kdf ;xsf/Ltfsf] efjgf cg'?' k ;+ul7t x'b+ } uPsf] kmn:j?k d'ns ' df ;xsf/L If]qsf] km}nfj6 lbgfg'lbg ;3g aGb} uO/x]sf] / hxF+ #$ xhf/sf] ;+Vodfdf ;xsf/Lx? lqm|oflzn /xL ^) nfv eGbf a9L gful/sx? k|ToIf ?kdf hf]l8Psf] cj:yf 5 . d'n'ssf] s"n u|fx{:Yo pTkfbgdf # / ljlQo If]qdf @) k|ltztsf] of]ubfg k'¥ofO/x]sf]] ;xsf/L If]qn] %) cf}+ xhf/nfO{ k|ToIf /f]huf/L ;d]t lbO{/x]sf] 5 . d'n'sdf pknAw ;|f]t / ;fwgx?sf] clwstd kl/rfng u/L /fli6«o cy{tGq ;'b[9 ug{ ;fj{hlgs / lglh If]q ;+u;+u} ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;xeflutf / :jtGq ljsf; u/fpg]] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfn] ;xsf/Lsf] e"ldsfnfO{ cem} ckl/xfo{ t'NofPsf] 5 . d'n'se/ ;xsf/L k|tL cfd gfu/Lsx?sf] cfsif{0f / ljZjf; ;+u;+u} lhNnf:t/df ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx? lbg k|ltlbg ;3g aGb} uO{/x]sf] kmn:j?k lhNnfdf ljleGg k|s[ltsf u/L s"n !$(% k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? dWo] jrt tyf C0f, b'Uw, t/sf/L, ax'p4]ZoLo, s[lif, pkef]Qmf, tyf skmL, ;xsf/Lx?sf & j6f ljifout ;xsf/L ;+3x? lqm|oflzn /x]sf 5g\ . lhNnfe/df u7g eO{ ;+rfngdf /x]sf ;a} k|s[tLsf ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] g]t[TjbfoL 5ftf ;+3sf] ?kdf /x]sf] lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= sfe|]knfGrf]s, :yfkgfsf] %) cf}+ jif{ k'u]sf] uf}/jdo cj:yf 5 . ;+3 :yfkgfsf] %) cf}+ jif{sf] cj;/df r}q dlxgfe/ lhNnfsf] ;xsf/L cleofgsf] tkm{af6 sfe|] ;xsf/L :j0f{ dxf]T;jsf] ?kdf dgfpg] lg0f{o u/L @ ;o %! ;b:oLo sfe|] ;xsf/L :j0f{ dxf]T;j d"n ;df/f]x ;ldlt u7g eO{ ;f] cGt{ut #! ;b:oLo Joj:yfkg ;ldlt / ;DDffg tyf k'/:sf/ 5gf}6 ;ldlt, k|bz{gL Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, k|rf/,k|;f/ ;ldlt, cfly{s Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, uf]i7L Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, ¥ofnL Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, cltl/Qm lqm|ofsnfk ;+rfng ;ldlt / d"Nof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg tof/L ;ldlt u7g eO{ cfjZos ;Dk'0f{ tof/Lx? k'/f ug]{ sfo{ k|f/De ul/;lsPsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L dxf;+3 cfOl;Pn] ;g\ @)!! b]lv ;g\ @)@) ;DdnfO{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ;xsf/L bzssf] cGTo ;Dddf lhNnfsf ;a} 3/w'/Lx?nfO{ ;xsf/Ldf ;d]6g] nIo lnO{ æ;Da[4 sfe|]sf] klxrfg, 3/3/df ;xsf/L cleofgÆ eGg] d'n gf/fsf ;fy lhNnf e/sf ;xsf/L ;+:yf÷;+3x?, ;xsf/L k|lt cle?rL /fVg] hf] sf]xL klg ;xsf/LsdL{x?sf] pT;fxkb ;xof]u / ;xeflutf /xg] u/L ;xsf/L ;DaGwL ljljw ultlalwx?sf] cnfjf cfufdL r}q @& ut] klxnf] lbg emf+sL ;lxtsf] a[xt ¥ofnL k|b{zgL, sfe|] ;xsf/L :j0f{ dxf]T;j k':ts ladf]rg, ;xsf/L ejg lznfGof;, lhNnf, s]Gb| tyf /fli6«o txsf ;xsf/LsdL{ Pjd\ kqsf/, ;/sf/L tyf ;xsf/Lsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ljz]if ;Ddfg u/L eJotfk"j{s sfo{qmdsf] ;'?jft ul/g]]5 . sfo{qmdsf] bf];|f] lbg r}t @* ut] ælbuf] lasf; nIo k|flKtsf nflu ;xsf/LÆ,æ:yflto tx / ;xsf/L If]qÆ,æ;xsf/L dfkm{t pBdlzntfsf] ljsf;Æ,æ;xsf/Ldf o'jf ;xeflutfÆ,æ;xsf/Ldf ;"rgfsf] xsÆ, æ;xsf/Ldf ;DklQ z'l4s/0fÆ / æ;xsf/L P]g @)&$Æ nufotsf laifox?df laifo la1x?4f/f ljrf/ uf]i7Lx? ;+rfng ul/g]5 .r}q @( ut] :j0f{ dxf]T;j cjlwe/sf lqmofsnfkx?df pTs[i6tf xf+;Ln ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yf/;+3 Pjd\ ;xsf/LsdL{x?nfO{ k'/:s[t u/L sfo{qmdsf] cf}krf/Ls ;dfkg ul/g] tof/L u/LPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf eO/x]sf] ;xsf/Lsf] km}nfj6, o;n] ;d'bfodf k'¥ofPsf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs of]ubfg / ;+j}wflgs dxTjnfO{ hu]gf{ ub}{ lhNnfe/sf gfu/Lsx?df ;xsf/Ltfk|ltsf] cle?lrnfO{ cem a9fjf lbgsf nflu sfe|] ;xsf/L :j0f{ dxf]T;j–@)&$ nfO{ eJotfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{sf nflu ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf, ;xsf/LsdL,{ kqsf/ Pjd\ cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox? ljr clkn ug{ rfxfG5f} . dxf]T;jn] ;xsf/LsdL{x?ljr yk P]Soa4 /xg / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox? jLrsf] ;femf k|ltj4tfn] ;xsf/Lx?sf] ;'b[l9s/0fdf yk ;xof]u ldNg] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .

-n]vs k/fh'nLn] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf hf/L u/]sf] lj1KtL ._

6'NtL zflGt gu/df k'n lzNofGof;

ag]kf÷6'NtL zflGt gu/ k'n lgdf{0f pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] pkef]Qmf ;lxtsf] nufgLdf lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf] k'nsf] lzNofGof; u/]sf] 5 . pkef]Qmfaf6 @ nfv ?k}ofF ;+sng u/L z'? ul/Psf] pQm k'n lgdf{0fsf nflu ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ & n] % nfv /sd ljlgof]hg u/]sf] 5 . To:t} j8f gDj/ * af6 Ps nfv / j8f gDj/ !! af6 ! nfv ?k}ofF ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . tLgj6f j8fsf :yfgLox?n] pkef]u ug{] pQm k'n lgdf{0fsf nflu em08} @% nfv /sd vr{ x'g]5 . k'n gx'Fbf gu/n] ;f]r]sf] sl/8f]/ ljsf; / :yfgLox?sf] b}lgsLnfO{ ;d]t k|efljt agfPsf] lyof] . pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf cWoIf k':s/ >]i7n] ;dod} k'n lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug{] atfP . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|dv '

nIdLg/l;+ afb] >]i7n] k'nsf] lgdf{0fdf gu/kflnsfn] ;Sbf] ;xof]u ug{] atfP . ;dod} sfd ;DkGg u/L cfjZos gk'u /sdsf nflu of]hgf agfO{ dfu ug{ ;'emfj lbb} gu/ k|dv ' afb]n] pkef]Qmfx?sf] nufgLdf lgdf{0f x'g] ljsf; of]hgfx? lbuf] x'g] atfP . sfo{qmddf pkk|dv ' /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn, k|dv ' k|zf;lso clws[t ef]h/fh kf]v/]n, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, j8f gDj/ & sf cWoIf j0f{ zfSo, j8f gDj/ * sf cWoIf bfgaxfb'/ afb] dfgGw/, :yfgLo /fhs'df/ uf}td nufotn] k'n lgdf{0faf6 x'g] pknAwLsf af/]df dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . :yfgLo txdf hgk|ltlglw lgjf{lrt eP nuQ} ag]kf gu/df ljsf;sf sfdn] ult lnPsf] 5 .

kgf}tL÷kgf}tL uf]/vgfy o'jf Snjsf] cfof]hgf, 1fg ljsf; ;fd'bflos k':tsfno, lj>fd ;dfh / kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ & sf] ;+oQ ' m cfof]hgfdf ;f+:s[lts kbofqf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . kbofqfsf] k"j{ dGqL cfgGb kf]v/]nn] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . kgf} t Lsf] kz' k ltgfy dlGb/af6 z'? ePsf] kbofqf gu/sf ljleGg efudf k'uL uf]/vfgfy dlGb/df k'uL ;dfkg ePsf] lyof] . kgf}tL uf]/vgfy o'jf Snjsf cWoIf ;'lbk Gof}kfg]n] kgf}tLsf] ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f, k|j4{ g tyf k|rf/ k|;f/sf nflu pQm sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfP . kgf}tLsf ljleGg wfld{s tyf P]ltxfl;s dxTj af]s]sf ;Dkbfx?sf] dxTj gofF k':tf ;dIf phfu/ ug{], cfGtl/s ko{6s a[l4 ug{], kgf}tLsf]

;f+:s[lts / P]ltxfl;s lj/f;tsf] kl/ro u/fpg] pb]Zon] pQm sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] Gof}kfgn] atfP . kbofqfdf ;xefuL x'g # ;o ?k}ofF z'Ns tf]lsPsf] lyof] . kgf}tL j8f gDj/ $ kz'klt dlGb/af6 z'? eO{ uf]/vgfy x'bF } of]d/L :tDedf k'u/] ;dfkg ePsf] pQm sfo{qmd u'Kt]Zj/ dlGb/ x'bF } kgf}tL nfos' b/jf/ If]qsf] e|d0f ub{} lqj]0fL3f6 kl/;/af6 ;+s6f :yfg dfu{af6 kgf}tL !) df cjl:yt km8\sZ] j/ dlGb/df k'us ] f] lyof] .

Tolx :yfgaf6 bf}kbL dlGb/ cjnf]sg ub{} lji0f' dlGb/ x'bF } sfF7' u0f]z dlGb/df g]jf/L k/Dk/fut ;dofjhLsf] u|x0f;Fu} sfo{qmd ;dfkg ePsf] lyof] . pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf kgf}tL / cf;kf;sf ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

g;g] { /fu]sf af/d]f kqsf/ ;Ddn]g w' l nv] n ÷lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|n] ] @)&$ nfO{ d]/f] jif{sf ?kdf dgfpg] cleofg :j?k lhNnfsf ;+rf/sdL{x?nfO{ g;g{] /f]usf] dxfdf/L / To;n] kfg{] k|efjsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfofn{o sfes ]| f kd|v ' 8f= ;/'G]b| rf/}fl;ofsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfoq{mddf gk]fn kqsf/ dxf;3 + sfe]| zfvfsf cWoIf dfl]t/fd ltdlN;gfsf] kd|v ' cfltYotf /xs ] f] lyof] . d ;l'th{Go kbfy,{ /lS; / r/'f6] vfGg, lgoldt Aofofd u5,'{ d :j:y / kfl]ifnf] vfgf vfG5,' d lgoldt :jf:Yo kl/If0f u/fp5F' / d/]f]

kl/jf/ / ;db'fosf] :jf:Yo kl|t ;hu /xG5[' eGg] gf/fnfO{ Aojxf/df ptfg'{ kg]{ atfP . gk]fndf g;g]{ /fu]sf] /fli6o« sG]b| gags ] f] eGb} :jf:Yo dGqfnon] tTsfn To;nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg] ks | o[f z?' ug'{ kg]{ atfP . gk]fndf !% kl|tzt dwd'x]sf lj/fdL 5g\ eg] * bl]v !) xhf/ SofG;/ /fu]sf lj/fdL ylkb} uPsf 5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgz'Ns d[uf}nfsf] k|f/lDes kl/If0fsf] nflu l8kl:6s 6]i6 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . g;g{] /f]ux?sf] klxrfg ;dod} u/fpg ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]n] cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 .

agk]fdf gz]gn Ps8]d]Lsf] :yfkgf ag] k f÷ag] k fdf g] z gn Ps]8]dL ckm s"lng/L P08 xl:6fln6L d]g]hd]G6sf] z'?jft ePsf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb] >]i7n] Ps]8]dLsf] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v afb]n] l;k l;sfpg] / ljBfnoaf6 k|fljlws 1fg gkfO{ cNdlnPsfx?nfO{ g]zgn Ps]8d] Ln] /f]huf/ agfpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' kg{] atfP . sfo{qmddf g]kfn pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf s]lGb|o ;b:o ;'/s[i0f a}B, sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf k|sfz dfgGw/, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|s ] f cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, ljBfnosf cWoIf ;'ldqf sf]hF ' >]i7, lk|lG;kn /d]z >]i7 nufotn] g]zgn Ps]8d] Ln] k|bfg ug{] ;]jfdf u'0f:t/Lotf cfjZos /x]sf] atfPsf lyP . g]zgn

Ps]8]dLn] ^ dlxg] sf]if{ / 5f]6f] cjwLsf tflndx? l;sfpg] 5 . a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] AolQmx?sf nflu xf]; jf g]kfnd} a;]/ s]lx ug{] AolQmx?sf nflu l;ko'Qm agfpg] 5 . s's, j]6/, af/, xfp; lslkË nufotsf tflndx?sf nflu k|lzIfsx? ;d]t tof/ ul/;lsPsf] 5 . Ps]8d] Lsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbb} sG;N6]06 clgn clwsf/Ln] ^ dlxg] sf]if{ lng]x?sf nflu Ps jif{ rfO{gf nlug] 5 . rfO{gfsf] efiff k|lzIfIf kl5 rfO{gfsf] ;+:s[lt ;lxtsf ljljw ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fP/ g]kfndf rfO{lgh ko{6sx?sf nflu ;xh agfpg] pQm cleofgn] ;xof]u k'Ug]5 . Ps jif{sf] cjwLdf plgx?n] kfl/>dLs klg k|fKt ug{5 ] g\ . Ps]8d] LnfO{ l;l6O{le6Laf6 dfGotf k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

ag]kf÷g]kfnsf] 6k 6]gdf kg{ ;kmn l;4fy{ Ps]8]dL dflj jg]kfsf] #$ cf} :yfkgf lbj; tyf cleefjs lbj; ljBfnosf ;+:yfks k|frfo{ 1fgjxfb'/ s];Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf k|frfo{ s];Ln] lhNnfdf klxnf] k6s c+uh]| L dfWodaf6 lghL :t/df z'? ePsf] ljBfnon] #$ jif{ ;Dd lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] jtfP . ljBfnoaf6 plt0f{ eO{ b]z ljb]zdf pTs[i6 :yfgdf ljBfly{x? k'lu;s]sfn] klg o; ljBfnon] lbPsf] lzIff pTs[i6 ePsf]df uj{ ug{k' g{] jtfP . ;do ;fk]If ljBfyL{x?sf] dgf]efjgfnfO{ a'emb} P;Pn;L÷P;OO{ k/LIffdf jf]8{ k|yd, lj1fg ;+sfodf g]kfn k|yd / ;du| lzIffdf 6k6]g leq kg{ ;kmn ePsf]df ljBfnosf ;~rfns, lzIfs cleefjs / nuglzn

ljBfyL{x?nfO{ wGoafb lbPsf lyP . ljBfnon] cfufdL lbgdf klg lzIffsf] cnfjf Aoaxfl/s / k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8 lbg] atfP . sfo{qmddf lzIff ;bg dfljsf k|wfgfWofks k'sf/ s0f{lht, sfe|] dfljsf k|frfo{ s'df/ dfgGw/, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf /d]z Gof}kfg], r]i6f ;fKtflxssf al/i7 sfo{no k|dv ' nId0f ltdlN;gf, ljBfnosf lj1fg ;+sfosf k|dv ' 1fg]Zj/ lg/f}nf, ljBfnosf ;xfos lk|lG;kn u'~hk|;fb n'O6{ n] nufotsf AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ljBfnodf ePsf ljleGg v]ns'b tyf cGo lqmofsnfkdf pTs[i6 x'g] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] eg] ljBfyL{x?n] ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmd ljBfno Aoa:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf 8f=lbg]z kGyLsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

1fgs~'hdf af:s6]an kl|tofl]utf ag]kf÷ag]kfsf] 1fgs'~h z}lIfs k|lti7gdf ckfËtf /x]sf lXjn lro/ k| o f] u stf{ x ?sf] af:s] 6 an k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . :kfO{gn OGh'/L k'g:{ yfkgf s]Gb| e};k] f6L ;fFuf / sfe|] lhNnf ckfËtf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf @$ hgf #% jif{ kf/ u/]sf v]nf8Lx? ;xeflu ePsf lyP . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf pkk|dv ' /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] /]lkm| >L/fd l3l;ËnfO{ an x:tfGt/0f u/L k|ltof]lutfsf] pb\3f6g ul/Psf] lyof] . rf/ l6d ;xeflu pQm k|ltof]lutfdf ljleGg ;dodf ljleGg sf/0faf6 ckfËtf eO{ lXjnlro/ k|of]ustf{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . k|ltof]lutfdf ljhoL l6d dWo] k|yd x'gn] fO{ !@ xhf/, bf]>f] x'gn] fO{ * xhf/ / t]>f] x'gn] fO{ ^ xhf/ gub, 6«lkm / k|df0fkq ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . ckfËtf ePsf AolQmx?n] klg ;kfËtf ePsf AolQmx? ;/xsf k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng ;S5g eGg] k|dfl0ft ub{} cfPsf] pQm lXjnlro/

k|of]ustf{ v]nf8Lx?sf] ;d'xn] b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfdf o:tf] k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf ub{} cfPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf /x]sf af:s]6an sf]6{ x? dWo] 1fgs'~hdf /x]sf] af:s]6an sf]6{ ckfËd}qL ePsfn] Tolx :yfg 5gf}6 ul/Psf] cfof]hs l6dsf cWoIf lszf]/ axfb[/' zflxn] atfP . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} gu/ pkk|dv ' ;fksf]6fn] gu/kflnsfn] ckfËd}qL jftfj/0fdf ah]6 ;d]t ljlgof]hg u/L o:tf k|ltof]lutf / ckfËtf ePsf AolQmx?sf] Ifdtfsf nflu ;xof]u k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf] atfO{g\ . sfo{qmddf ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . 1fgs'~h z}lIfs k|lti7fgsf ;+rfns cfTd/fd yfkf, k|tfk a}B, kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, sfe|] alx/f ;+3sL cWoIf zld{nf dfgGw/, sfe|] alx/f ljBfnosL lk|lG;kn s[i0fKof/L gsdL{, ckfËtf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf cWoIf ;'[/]z lwtfn nufotn] af:s]6an k|ltof]lutfdf lXjnlro/ k|of]ustf{x?sf] pT;fx / ;xeflutfnfO{ wGojfb lbPsf lyP .

PS;k|;] ;fsf];sf] a[xt :jf:Yo lzlj/

pkefQ ] mf hfu/0f cleofg ;:'t w'lnv]n÷pkef]Qmf hfu/0f cleofgdf :yfgLo txsf] ;s[otf eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy ljZj pkef]Qmf clwsf/ lbj; @)!* sf] cj;/df lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf] ;dGjodf ePsf] 5nkmnaf6 pkef]Qmfx?, Aofkf/L ju{ / gful/s ;dfhnfO{ ;DjlGwt ljifodf Wofg lbg cg'/f]w ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lzjk|;fb l;+v8fsf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf] a}7sdf ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ls/0f yfkf, lhNnf ;dGjo clwsf/L sf]dnk|;fb wdnf, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|s ] f k|dv ' P;kL ;xs'n axfb'/ yfkf, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nosf k|dv ' 8f= gf/fo0faxfb'/ >]i7, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{nosf k|d'v dfwj uf}td, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|s ] f cWoIf

df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . cGt{lqmof sfo{qmddf pkef]Qmf lxt ljk/Ltsf sfo{ ePdf ph'/L ug{, pkef]Uo a:t'sf] n]endf ePsf] ldlt x]g{ / eP gePsf] x]g{, gfktf}nsf k|dfl0ft oGq pks/0f k|of]u ug{, u'0f:t/Lo ;fdfg vl/b ljqmL ug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 .

To:t} sfnf]ahf/L gug{, cg'lrt kmfO{bf glng,Aoj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq} sf/f]jf/ ug{, kmnkm'n t/sf/L tfhf /fVg] lgx'df ljiffbL 5ls{bf hf]lvdaf6 aRg, dfn;fdfgsf] s[lqd cefj glbg ;DjlGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?df cg'/f]w ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . x/]s cleofgdf :yfgLo ;/sf/sf k|d'v Pj+ k|ltlglwx?nfO{ cg'/f]w ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

ag] k f÷g] k fn x[ b o/f] u lgjf/0f k|lti7fg, sfe|] zfvf ag]kfsf] ;xsfo{df ;Dk"0f{ :jf:Yo hfFr lzlj/ ;DkGg u/]sf] PS;k|]; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kfn] ;b:ox?sf] ;xeflutf / ;'emfjnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} k|Tos jif{ em} o; aif{ klg cfO{=;L=8L g]kfn ag]kfsf] ;+o"Qm ;xsfo{df kmfNu'g !^ b]lv Ps dlxg] a[xt :jf:Yo lzlj/ cfO{=;L=8L g]kfnsf] ag]kfsf] sfof{nodf ;+rfng u/]sf] 5 . ljxfg & ah] b]lv

!) ah];Dd lzlj/ ;+rfng ul//x]sf] ;+:yfsf k|dv ' sfo{sf/L clws[t c?0f yfkfn] atfP . sfo{qmddf ;+:Yffsf ;b:ox? tyf cGo OR5's dxfg'efjx?n] cfjZostf cg'?ksf ;]jf ;'ljwfx? cToGt Go"g tyf lgz'Ns ?kdf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . ;+:yfdf $ ;o () hgf eGbf w]/n} ] kl/If0fhGo ;]jfx? pkef]u ul/ nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . a[xb lzlj/ r}q !% ut];Dd ;+rfng x'g] 5 .

cfjZostf Jofkf/L gu/L agk]fdf cjl:yt Ps ;xsf/L ;:+yf ln=sf nflu lgDg adfl]hdsf] sdr { f/L cfjZOstf ePsf] xbF'f OR5s ' ofU]otf ku's ] f JolQmx?n] ;r " gf ks | flzt ldltn] ! xKtfleq sfofn{odf ;Dks{ ug{ xg' cg/'fw] ul/G5 . kb M sfof{no ;xfos ;+Vof M ! -k'?if_ of]Uotf M lalaP; tx pQL0f{ tna M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . k]z ug{'kg{] sfuhftx? · g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq k|ltlnlk . · z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq . · xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] @ k|lt

k;n ljqmLdf ag]kf tLgbf]af6f] rf]sdf rln/x]sf] uf}td ;'h k;n ljz]if sf/0fjz ljqmLdf

;Dks{ M (*$!!^*(&#

;Dks{

ag]kf ljsf; ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kmf]g g+= )!!–^^@^%*

!@

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

lgi6df u'0f:t/s} rrf{

ag]kf÷lhNnfs} gd'gf lgi6 sn]h tyf ag]kf lgi6n] ljleGg ljBfdf cfof]hgf k|ltof]lutfx?df ;xeflu eO{ spTs[i6 / ljhoL ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb]n] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ub{} awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP . @)^& ;fndf ag]kfdf :yfkgf ePsf] pQm sn]hn] & jif{sf] ljrdf ! xhf/ @ ;o ljBfyL{x?nfO{ lzIff k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . sIff !! / !@ df dfq} ^ ;o &) hgf eGbf w]/} ljBfyL{x? cWoog u/fpFb} cfPsf] lgi6n] lj1fg, Aoj:yfkg, ljP:;L hg/n, ljP:;L l;P;cfO{6L nufotsf ljifodf cWofkg u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ut jif{ b]lv sIff ( b]lv cWofkg z'? u/]sf] pQ sn]hn] u'0f:/Lo lzIffdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . lhNnfaf6 /fhwfgL hfg' kg{] afWotfsf] cGTo ub{} sd vr{ / ;dodf cWoog ug{ kfPsf ljBfyL{x?sf] /f]hfO{ lgi6 aGg yfn]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v nIdL g/l;+ afb],

lgi6 kmfp08]zgsf cWoIf 8f= dfwjk|;fb a/fn, lk|lG;kn r]tg lji6, kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf k|d'v afb]n] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ Aojxfl/s lzIff;Fu} g}lts lzIffsf] vfFrf] /x]sf] atfP . :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] dftxt /x]sf] lzIffnfO{ k|efjsf/L / Aojl:yt agfpg cfjZos P]g sfg'g lgdf{0f u/L bIf hgzlQm pTkfbgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] k|d'v afb]n] atfP . sfo{qmddf lk|lG;kn lji6n] ;dfhsf] cfjZostf cg';f/sf] bIf hgzlQm pTkfbgdf lgi6n] Wofg lbb} cfPsf] atfP . tTsfn} xf]6n Dofg]hd]G6, 6«fen P08 6'l/hd / sfg'g ;+sfo h:tf ljifo cWofkgsf] tof/L ul//x]sf] lji6n] atfP . /fHonfO{ ;Ifd hgzlQm x:tfGt/0f ug{ tof/ /x]sf] atfpFb} lji6n] gLlh If]qnfO{ ;f}t]gL Aojxf/ ug{ gx'g] atfP . ;f]lx cj;/df sn]hn] k|bfg u/]sf] 5fqj[lQ nufotsf k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

cflys { u0fgf ug{ sfofn{o :yfkgf w' l nv] n ÷g] k fnsf] k| y d /fli6«o cfly{s u0fgfsf lhNnfdf sfof{no :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . w'lnv]ndf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr pQm sfof{nosf] z'ef/De ul/Psf] xf] . k|lti7fg tyf Joj;fox¿sf] Jofj;flos lqmofsnfk ;DjGwL jt{dfg cj:yf / o;sf ljQLo kIf;lxt cfwf/e"t tYofÍx¿ pknAw u/fpg, s]Gb|, k|bz ] tyf :yfgLotxsf ;/sf/x¿nfO{ of]hgf th'{df / gLlt lgdf{0f ug{ tYofÍx¿ pknAw u/fpg, /fli6«o n]vf k|0ffnLsf] ;'b9[ Ls/0f ug{ tYofÍx¿ pknAw u/fpg, tYofª\sLo Jofj;flos /lhi6/ lgdf{0fsf] cfwf/ v8f ug{, ;DalGwt If]qsf Joj;foLx¿ / k|fl1s cg';Gwfgstf{ tyf cGo tYofÍ k|of]ustf{x¿nfO{ qmdzM Joj;fo ;d[l4sf] nflu gLlt tyf of]hgf th'd{ f ug{ / cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ tYofÍx¿ pknJw u/fpg / ljleGg ljifout cfly{s ;j]I{ f0fx¿sf] ;"rLsf nflu k|lti7fg, Joj;fo tyf OG6/k|fOh]hx¿sf]] ljj/0f pknJw u/fpg cfly{s ;e{I] f0f z'? ul/Psf] tYofÍ sfof{no sfe|s ] f k|dv ' lbgfgfy nD;fnn] hfgsf/L lbP . g]kfndf x/]s %–% jif{df /fli6«o cfly{s u0fgf ;+rfng ul/g] nIo cg';f/ d'ns ' sf] lbuf] ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ cfwf/e"t cfly{s tYofÍ k|fKt ug{ pQm u0fgf z'? ul/Psf] xf] . r}q

dlxgf leq hgzlQm Joj:yfkg tyf tflnd ;DkGg u/L /fli6«o cfly{s u0fgf @)&% sf] nflu @)&% ;fn a}zfv ! af6 sd{rf/L :ynut tYof+s ;+ssngsf] nflu v6fO{g] 5 . :ynut u0fgfsf] cjlw @)&% ;fn j}zfv ! b]lv h]7 d;fGt;Dd sl/j @ dlxgf x'g5 ] . lhNnfleq u0fgfsf] lbgdf cl:tTjdf jf ;~rfngdf /x]sf ;a} k|sf/sf k|lti7fgx¿nfO{ u0fgfdf ;d]l6g]5 . Pp6f lglZrt :yfgdf cjl:yt / ;~rflnt jf Psn :yfgdf cjl:yt cfly{s OsfO{ afx]s lglZrt :yfgdf geO{ 3'dlkm/ u/L ;~rfng ul/Psf cfly{s lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ o;df ;d]l6g] 5}g . :ynut tYof+s ;+sng ;DkGg ul/;s]kl5 @)&% ;fn efb|leq k|f/lDes glthf ;fj{hlgs ug]{ tyf ;f]xL jif{sf] cGTo;Dddf clGtd glthf ;fj{hlgs ug]{ ljefusf] tof/L 5 . u0fgfdf d'Vou/L b'O{ k|sf/sf kmf/fd el/g]5 . ;"rLs/0f kmf/fd / d'Vo u0fgf kmf/fdaf6 u0fgfdf k]k/ a]:8 k|ZgfjnL kmf/fd k|of]u u/L u0fs dfkm{t ljj/0fx? e/]/, 6\ofJn]6df u0fs dfkm{t l;w} ljj/0fx? e/L OG6/g]6 k|uf]u u/L ljefudf /x]sf] ;e{/df k7fP/ / g]kfndf g} klxnf] k6s O{ ;]G;;sf] cjwf/0f NofO{Psf] 5 h;df ;DalGwt k|lti7fgn] cfkm}n] j]e;fO6df uO{ ljj/0fx? e/]/ tYof+s ;+sng ul/g]5 .

dfnkf]t sfof{no, sfe|]knf~rf]s, w'lnv]n gfd;f/L xsbfjL;DaGwL

#% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf sf=k=lh= gfnf uflj; j8f g+= ( a:g] uGh] ldhf/sf] a'xf/L ;'gdfof ldhf/n] lgDg j8f g+= sf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] lsQf hUuf gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg lbg'ePsf] lgj]bg cg';f/ gfd;f/L ubf{ c? s;}sf] xs hfg ;Sg] eP xs bfjLsf] nflu of] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ctM of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq s;}sf] xsbfjL ePdf cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;a'b k|df0fx? ;+nUg /fvL cfkm}+ jf jf/]; dfkm{t bfjL ph'/ ug{ cfpg'xf]nf . Dofb leq gcfO{ jf Dofb u'hf/L a;]df sfg"g adf]lhd gfd;f/L eO{ hfg]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] ph'/ k|lt s'g} sf/jfxL gx'g] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgf4f/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . tkl;n uflj;sf] gfd j8f g+= ls=g+= s}lkmot gfnf * u ($, (^, !)# uGh] ldhf/ h=w= o;df d]/f] ;;'/f uGh] ldhf/sf] )^).%.!) df ;f;' n';L ldhf/sf] )#).%.!) df, klt u'Gj] ldhf/sf] @)^!.%.!) df d[To' ePsf] s'df/ ldhf/sf] )^@.!.@$ ;fg'afa' ldhf/sf] )%(.@.* df d[To' ePsf] a'xf/Lx? ;? ldhf/ / ;'gf ldhf/sf] csf{] ljjfx e} cGoq uPsf]n] d]/f ;;'/fsf] gfpFdf btf{ /x]sf] pNn]lvt lsQf hUuf d lgj]bs / lkm/f]h ldhf/ /fh' ldhf/sf] gfpFdf gfd;f/L ePtf klg lkm/f]h ldhf/ / /fh' ldhf/n] xsbfjL 5f8L dGh'/L ;gfvt u/]sf]n] pQm hUuf d]/f gfpFdf gfd;f/L u/L kfpF elg b=g+= !%*^@ ldlt )&$.!!.#) df dfu lgj]bg u/]sf]n] lgh lgj]bs ;fg'dfof ldhf/sf] gfpFdf gfd;f/L x'g] hUuf xf] jf xf]Og, xsbf/x? sf]sf] x'g\ < lghsf] gfpFdf gfd;f/L x'g gkg{] s'g} sf/0f k|df0f eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] #% lbgleq af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s_ k|df0f;lxt pkl:yt x'g'xf]nf, cGoyf lgj]bssf] dfu adf]lhd gfd;f/L e}hfg] Joxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/

‘ls;fg eG5' uj{n]’

ag]kf÷o'jfx?sf] ;d'xn] tof/ u/]sf] …ls;fg eG5' uj{n]Ú eGg] n3' rnlrq lkmNd s[lif ljBfnodf ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5 . rnlrqsf] ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw Sofljg]6 /fHodGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf lyP . …ls;fg eG5' uj{n]Ú . lut, syf, k6syf / lgb{]zg ;d]t u/]sf 5g\ cGtl/If clwsf/Ln] . ljZj g]kfn ;~rf/ k|flnsf] k|:t'tL /x]sf] pQm n3' rnlrq nfdf] ;do kqsfl/tfdf ;+nUg clwsf/Ln] o'jfx? ljb]lzg] qmd /f]Sg / s[lif If]qnfO{ uj{sf ;fy cfkm\gf] k]zf eGg ljBfno txaf6} lbO{g] lzIffaf6 z'? ug{' k5{ eGg] pb]Zon] tof/ u/]sf x'g\ . o'jfnfO{ s[ifs eGg} nfh dfGg] ;+:s[ltsf] cGTo u/L o'jfx?nfO{ a}b]lzs /f]huf/ x}g g]kfnd} /x]/ s[lif k]zfdf ;+nUg x'g] ;Gb]z lbg, ljBfnosf] klxrfg b]ze/ km}nfpg ljBfno cfkm} ;xeflu eP/ ljBfyL{, lzIfs / cleefjs snfsf/sf] e"ldsfdf /lx n3' rnlrq ls;fg eG5' uj{n] tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . pQm rnlrqsf] k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:ox? u+ufaxfb'/ bf]Ë, uf]sn' af:sf]6f, k|bz ] ;ef ;b:o /Tg 9sfn, ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf pkk|dv ' /]vf ;fksf]6f nufotn] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf lyP . ;f]lx sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ;f+;b af:sf]6fn] d'n'ssf] ;Dj[l4sf nflu ljBfnosf] ;xeflutfdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] rnlrqn] ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z k|bfg u/]sf] atfP . s[lif If]qsf] nufgL a[4L u/L d'n'snfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg] cleofg z'? ePsfn] ljBfno txaf6} ePsf] cleofgsf] kIfdf nfUg] k|ltj4tf ;d]t af:sf]6fn] AoQm u/] . @)&) ;fndf g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|To]s lhNnfdf Pp6f k|fljlws ljBfno vf]Ng] lg0f{o u/] cg';f/ lhNnfsf] ;fljs 6's'rf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt xfnsf] ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ @ l3ld/]ufpFdf /]xsf] Zj]t af/fx dfljnfO{ afln lj1fg ;DjGwL cWoog u/fpg] u/L l:js[t ul/of] . dfWolds txdf g lzIfs, g ljBfnosf] cfkm\g} ejg . v]n d}bfg ;d]t 5}g . t/

klg ;/sf/n] u/]sf] lg0f{onfO{ ljBfnon] cl3 a9fpg] lg0f{o u¥of] / z'? u¥of] s[lif ljifosf] cWofkg u/fpg . ;/sf/n] k|lzIfs @, ;xfos k|lzIfs @ / pRr dfljsf nflu b'O{ hgf k|lzIfs pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . sIff ( b]lv z'? x'g] pQm ljifosf] cWoog sIff !@ ;Dd x'g]5 . xfn ! ;o @) hgfn] pQm ljifo lnP/ cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnsf ljleGg !) lhNnfsf ljBfyL{x? ljBfnon] pknAw u/fPsf] 5fqfjf;df cfkm} vr{ h'6fP/ afln lj1fg ;DjGwL cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . …xfdLn] aflx/ lhNnfaf6 cfpg] @) hgf ljBfyL{x?sf nflu lgz'Ns 5fqfaf; rfFlx pknAw u/fPsf 5f}+ t/ plgx?sf] vfgf eg] cfkm} Aoj:yfkg ug{ afWo ePsf 5g\ Ú –k| w fgfWofks hLjg e08f/Ln] eg]–…ljBfyL{x?sf] rfxgf / d]xgtnfO{ ljBfnon] ;Sbf] Aoj:yfkg ug{] k|of; u/]sf] 5 .Ú ^ ;o s[lif / $ ;o ;fdfGo ljifosf] k'0ff{Ísaf6 P;O{O{ lbPsf ljBfyL{x?n] clxn] ±@ cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;nf{lx, b}n]v, /fd]5fk, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, bf]nvf, eQmk'/, sfe|] nufotsf lhNnfaf6 ljBfyL{x?n] pQm ljifo lnP/ cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljBfnon] hUuf ef8fdf lnP/ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k|of]ufTds lzIff lbO{/x]sf] 5 . ;fd'bflos agsf] @) /f]kgL hUuf lng] ag dGqfno x'bF } lhNnf ag sfof{nodf cfP/ ylGsPsf] kmfO{n cl3 a9fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . ;fdfGo lzIffsf nflu dfWolds txsf] b/jGbL ;d]t gx'bF f ljBfnon] k|fylds txsf] b/jGbLdf /x]sf lzIfaf6 dfWolds txsf] lzIff k|bfg ul//x]sf] 5 . lhNnfd} pTs[i6 eO{/x]sf] pQ ljBfnon] k|fKt u/]sf] ;kmntfn] cleefjsx?n] gLlh ljBfno k7fpg yfn]sf afnaflnsfx? ;d]t Zj]t af/fx dfWolds ljBfnodf egf{ x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . gLlh ljBfnon] 3]/s ] f] pQm If]qdf $ ;o %) ljBfyL{n] cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . lzz' sIff b]lv # ;Ddsf @ ;o afnaflnsfx?n] ljBfno cfkm}n] lbjf vfhfsf] Aoj:yf u/]sf] 5 . c+uh]| L dfWodaf6 lzIff k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf ld7f/fd l3ld/]n] ljBfnonfO{ gd'gf agfO{ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ s[lifd} ;+nUg agfO{ d'n's ;Dj[4 agfpg] cleofg z'? ul/Psf] atfP .

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motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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The Selected

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jif{ @$ c+s @! @)&$ r}q * ut] ljxLjf/

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cg'xf/ / pd]/df xf]O{g ljrf/df k|]d u/]+ æltdL lagf afFRg ufx|f] ufx|f] ef]Æ æd'6' hln/xG5 Zjf; km]g{ ufx|f] ef]Æ ;fRFr} ufxf|] eof] . ufx}| xg'] /x5] . df6fn]fO{ 9u+'fsf] e/, 9u+'fnfO{ df6fs ] f] e/ . el]6b} gel]6Psf] eP cnu xG'Yof] . el]6P kl5 5l'§bFfsf] kL8f km/s xg'] /x5] . uLtdf ege]m} Psn dlxnfnfO{ o:t} xbF'f] /x5] hLjgdf . Psn zAb ;G'bf klg lj/Qm nfUg] / PSnfk]gsf] cfefif xg'] zAb /x5] . dnfO{ dfq} xf] jf c?

Psn dlxnfx?nfO{ klg o:t} xG'5 . ;as } f] efu]fO{ Pp6} klg gxg' ;S5 . efu]fO{ km/s km/s, cge'l't km/s km/s t/ klg Psn cflv/ Psn g} xf] . Psn hLjg xg'' egs ] f] cfkm' klg lhpbF} dg'{ ;/x /x5] . cfkmg\f] hLjg;fyL ljgfsf] hLjg latfpg' kg]{ of] s:tf] be'fU{o xf] dlxnfnfO{ . xf] xg' t cem ;lt hfg' ky|fsf] cGTo ePsf] 5 . t/ klg k?'if ljlt;s] kl5 dlxnfsf] hLjg / cl:tTjsf] ;3+i{fsf] aofg u/L ;fWo 5g} . dlxnfn] ljx] gu/];Dd l;ldt pd]/ xb;Dd cfdf, afa';Fu /x'Gh]n Psn dlxnfsf] ;+1f lbOFb}g ha p;n] s'g} Pp6f k'?if;Fu j}jflxs ;DaGw hf]8\5] p Ps ljjflxt dlxnf x'g k'U5] . p;sf] >Ldfgsf] cs:dft lgwg ePsf] cj:yfdf dlxnf ;+;f/ u'd]sf] cg'e'ltdf PSnf] x'g k'Ubl5g\ jf Psn dlxnfsf] bhf{df /flvG5 . ;fdflhs k/Dk/f, ;fdflhs ;+:sf/, ;dfhn] ug{] Aojxf/ Tolx Psn dlxnfs} x'G5 . PSnf] x'Fbf slt sl7g x'Fbf] /x]5 eGg] cg'e'lt d}n] ul//x]sf] 5' . cfkm\gf] hLjg ;fyL;Fu hLjg latfO{/x]sf] dlxnfnfO{ hLjg;fyL geP kl5 PSnf] hLjg lhpg slt sl7g x'G5 xf]nf < elg ;fWo / ef]lu ;fWo} 5}g . s'F:sf/n] el/Psf] ;dfhdf p;nfO{ x]g{] b[li6sf]0f slt km/s x'G5 x'Fbf] /x]5 < ;dfh gfgf y/Lsf s'/fsf] af]emn] emg\ lxgtfaf]w x'Fbf] /x]5 . t/ hLjg ;fyL eg]sf] /ysf] b'O{ kf+u|f h:t} x'g\ . b'O{ kf+u|f dWo] Pp6f lau|] klg ofqf ug{ ufx|f] x'G5 eg] em} PSnf] hLjgsf] ofqf cufl8 a9fpg klg Tolt g} sl7g x'G5 . p;} t dlxnf, lk5l8Psf] ju{ emg\ Psn eP kl5 cl3 a9\g sl7g 5 ;dfhdf .

Psn zAb ;'Gg] lalQs} dfG5]sf] x]g{] b[li6sf]0f km/s km/s lsl;dsf x'Fbf] /x]5 . s;}n] bof dfofsf] ?kdf x]5{g\ t s;}n] 3[0ffsf] ?kdf x]5{g\ . bofdfof ;f]Rg]n] xfdLn] s]xL ;fy ;xof]u u/]/ x'G5 eg] ul/ lbpF g eG5g\ . sf]xL s7}a/f ljr/f elg aRrfx?sf] lahf]u eP5 afa' geP/ elg tdf;f dfq x]g{]x? klg 5g\ . sf]xL 3[0ffsf] ;f]rn]

x]g{] 5g\ . h] u/] klg b]lv ;xFb}gg\ . xf]RofP/ ljwjf, /fF8L cfOdfO{ eGg]x? klg x'G5g\ . c? t s] s'/f cln slt /fd|f] clg cfkm"nfO{ ;'xfpFbf] kf]zfs nufP/ lxF8] klg of] t ca l6Sb}g cs{};Fu km]/L ljx] u5{] eGg] h:tf grflxFbf e|d lkmhfpg] klg 5g\ . To:t} sf]xL k'?if ;fyL;Fu ;xof]u lng x'Fb}g . >Ldfg lat]sf] b'O{ dlxgf ePsf] 5}g of] t oxL s]6f;Fu nflu 5] eg]/ ;dfhdf xNnf u/]/ lxF8\5g\ . oL hlt klg grflxFbf xNnf lkmhfP/ lxF8\5g\ Tof] cflv/df dlxnf g} cl3 ;b{5g\ . t/ pgLx?n] klg of] s'/f la;{]sf xf]nfg\ cfh d}n] c?sf] wHhL p8fPF ef]ln t d klg PSnf] x'g'kg{] lbg cfpF5 . cfh c?nfO{ lrQ b'vfP kl5 c?n] klg cfkm\gf] ef]ln lrQ b'vfpg ;S5 eGg] s'/f Vofn g/fVbf clg ;lx ljrf/sf] klg cln sld ePsf sf/0f dlxnf ju{sf] :t/ Tolt p7\g ;s]sf] 5}g . dlxnfnfO{ klg k'?if ;dfg clwsf/ rflxof] eg]/ hlt gf/f h'n'z u/] klg dlxnf cfkm}+df kl/jt{g x'g h?/L 5 . clg dfq} Psn dlxnfn] klg :yfg kfpF5g of] ;dfhdf . Psn dlxnf eP/ ;+3{if ug{]x? w]/} 5g\ . sfe|]d} x]g{] xf] eg] klg clxn] gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf] pkk|d'v kbdf Psn dlxnfs} lhNnf cWoIf lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] 5 . pxfFsf b'vsf lbgx? klg w]/} lyP . xfd|f] ;dfhdf Psn dlxnf / Psn k'?ifd} lje]b 5 . dlxnf / k'?if eGg] lalQs} lje]bsf] s'/f t lgl:sxfN5 . emg\ Tolx dfly Psn ePkl5 t s'/} gu/f}+ . of] ;dfhdf Psn k'?ifnfO{ hlt PSnf] eP/ lhpg sl7g / ;+3if{ ug{k' 5{ . Tof] eGbf bf]Aa/ sl7g / ;+3if{ Psn dlxnfn] ug{k' bf{] /x]5 . x'g t clxn]sf] kl/jt{gzLn ;dfhdf Psn dlxnfn] klg cfkm"n] /f]hs ] f] k'?if;Fu k'gM csf{] ljx] ug{ kfpg] sfg'g 5 t/ klg k'?ifnfO{ bf];f| ] ljjfx ug{ of] ;dfhn] hlt 5'6 lbPsf] 5 Tolt 5'6 Psn dlxnfnfO{ lbPsf] 5}g . lsg eg] of] k'?ifk|wfg ;dfhdf k'?ifn] h] u/] klg ;lx x'g] ;dfhdf dlxnfsf] s]xL nfUb}g . Psn k'?ifnfO{ of] ;dfhn] bf];|f] ljjfx ug{ pT;flxt u5{ . >LdtLsf] nfz hnfO{/x]sf] x'G5 otf Tolx k'?ifnfO{ ;dfhn] ljleGg ;d:of b]vfO{ ljz]ifu/L afnaRrfx?sf] kfngkf]if0fsf nflu eGg] gfddf csf{] ljjfxsf nflu s]6L vf]lh/x]sf] x'G5 . dlxnfx? Psn x'bF f p;df /x]sf] kfl/jf/Ls af]em / bfloTjsf sf/0f r6Ss} csf{] ljjfx ug{ sl7g 5 . aRrfx?sf] eljZosf nflu klg

dlxnfx? k'?ifsx?sf] bfFhf]df :jtGq x'g sl7g 5 . x'G5 klg To:t} . g]kfnLdf pvfg g} 5 ;'Ts]/Lsf] gfd u/L 6fpsf] d}n] vfPF . aRrfsf] gfd lnP/ cfkm"n] :jtGq eP/ bf];|f] ljjfx ug{ kfpg] t/ dlxnfnfO{ eg] pN6} ;DemfO{ a'emfO{ u/]/ ljx] eg]sf] yfxf eOxfNof] >Ldfg s:tf] x'G5 eGg] yfxf kfO{ xfNof] . 5f]/f5f]/L hGdfpFbf s:tf] kL8f ef]Ug'k5{ eGg] klg yfxf eof] . ca ltd|f] lhDd]jf/L eg]sf] log} aRrfx?nfO{ /fd|f] /]vb]v ug{] xf] . plgx?sf] eljZosf nflu ;f]Rg] xf] .

To:t} To:t} s'/fx?n] dlxnfx?nfO{ Psn hLjg lhpg afWo agfO{G5 . o:tf] lje]bsf] cGTo slxn] xf]nf < Psn dlxnfnfO{ cfkm\gf] hLjg ;fyL x'Fbf kl/jf/df a:g hlt ;xh x'Fbf] /x]5 . hLjg ;fyL gePkl5 Tof] kl/jf/df a:g Tolt g} sl7g kl/l:ylt l;h{gf eO{ lbG5 . lsgeg] kl/jf/n] x]g{] b[li6sf]0f g} km/s x'G5 .

Psn ePkl5 klxnf hlt ljZjf; ul/GYof] PSnf] eP kl5 cljZjf;sf] hfnf] lkmFlhb} hfG5 . h:t} ;DklQs} s'/f u/f}+ . cfkm\gf] >Ldfg gePkl5 >Ldfgsf] ;DklQ :jtM >LdtLsf] gfddf cfpg' kg{] t/ cljZjf;sf sf/0f Tof] ;DklQ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] gfddf ;d]t u/]sf] kfOG5 . kl/jf/sf] cljZjf;sf sf/0f Psn dlxnfn] cfkm\gf] hLGbuL cfkm\gf] cg';f/ geO{ kl/jf/sf] gLlt lgoddf a:g'kg{] x'G5 . t/ clxn]sf] o'udf s;}n] s;}sf] hLjgdf x:tIf]k ug{ kfpFb}g . cfkm" PSnf] ePkl5 kSs} klg lxgtf af]w x'G5 . hLjgdf ca s]xL klg ug{ ;lsFb}g ls eGg] cfefif x'G5 . t/klg cfkm\gf] dgnfO{ bx|f] agfP/ hLjgsf] ultnfO{ cfkm"n] lxDdt gxf/L cl3 a9fpg'k5{ . km]/L hLjge/ lg/fz eO{ afFRg' k5{ . hLjg eg]s} ;+3if{ xf] x/]s sfddf cufl8 a9\g k|oTg ug{'k5{ . clg dfq hLjg ;kmn x'G5 . @)$^ ;fn df3 @& ut] d]/f] hGd kgf}tL rf}sf]6df eof] . a'af k'iknfn >]i7 / cfdf gGbdfof >]i7sf] PlSn 5f]/L d . Ps bfO{ / efO{sf] Kof/f] . dWod :t/sf] kl/jf/ v]ltkfltdf cfl>t lyof] . clxn] dld 3/d} x'g'x'G5 a'afn] ;fgf] k;n rnfpg' ePsf] 5 . cWog klg l7s} lyof] . pTs[i6 ljBfyL{ xf]O{g d t/ km]n P;Pn;L afx]s c? sIffdf x'g' k/]g . w'lnv]nsf] ;+lhjgL gd'gf pRr dfljaf6 @)^$ ;fndf P;Pn;L kf; ePF . sIff ! b]lvs} cWoog Tolx ljBfnoaf6 z'? u/]sf] lyPF . ag]kfdf /x]sf] ldlnlgod Ps]8d] Ldf sIff !! df cWoogsf nflu

egf{ eP klg cWoog lg/G/t/ x'g ;s]g . cWoogs} qmddf d]/f] hLjgdf km/s cg'el' t eof] . !* jif{ nfUb} lyPF . kgf}tL gu/kflnsf jfnfFIf]6f]n 3/ ePsf k'ikbf; :ofpnf;Fu e]6 x'g k'Uof] . pd]/n] pxfF w]/} h]7f] x'g'xGYof] . em08} a'afsf] pd]/sf] x'g'xGYof] pxfF . $% jif{sf] pd]/sf] AolQm;Fu ev{/ x's{Fb} u/]sL g]kfnsf] sfg'gn] ;d]t afnaflnsfsf] pd]/df kfg{] AolQmsf] e]6 eof] . pxfFsf] k|:t'tL, k|efjn] dnfO{ cfs{if0f u¥of] . ljrf/ /fd|f] nfUof] . cg'xf/ eGbf klg pxfFn] lnPsf] ljrf/ / cleofgaf6 d k|efljt x'g k'u]+ . pd]/ / cg'xf/n] dnfO{ 5]s]g pxfF;Fu d]/f] k|]d eof] . !( jif{sf] pd]/df d}n] pxfF;Fu @)^% ;fndf eflu ljjfx u/]+ . a'af cfdfnfO{ klg yfxf lbO{g . pxfFx?;Fu ;Nnfx u/]sf] eP ;fob d]/f] ljjfx x'g ;Sb}g lyof] xf]nf . PlSn 5f]/Ln] u/]sf] lg0f{odf a'afcfdf v'zL x'g'x'Gg lyof] . pxfFx? dfq} xf]O{g bfh'efO{ klg v'zL x'g] s'/f lyPg . pxfF n]vs, kqsf/, ;flxTosf/ / /fhgLlt ug{' x'GYof] . klqsfx?sf] dfs{]l6Ë klg lyof] . dnfO{ pxfFn] s;/L kfNg' x'G5 eGbf klg cfkm'pxfF;Fu ePkl5 b'a} hgf ldn]/ yk cfly{s ;Dj[l4sf nflu sfd ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ;f]rn] k|]d clg ljjfx;Ddsf] lg0f{odf k'u]sf] lyPF . pxfFn] Pp6f k':ts klg nfdf] ;do b]lv tof/ ub{} x'gx' G' Yof] . k':ts tof/ eof] t/ k|sfzgsf nflu pxfF x'gx' G' g . cem} d k|of;/t 5' . pxfFsf] k':ts d/0ff]/fGt k|sfzgsf nflu . x/]s lbg, x/]s If0f pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ kqsfl/tfs} af/]df atfpg' x'GYof] . sltk6s 8]/f ef8f ltg{ k};f gx'Fbf, k]6 eg{ cGgkft gx'Fbf ;d]t pxfFn] gcflQg eGg' x'GYof] . cfkm' gvfO{ gvfO{ kl/jf/ / ;Gtfgsf nflu ;f]lr/xg' x'GYof] .

3/ kl/jf/ eGbf cnUu} a;/] ;3+if{ ul//xs ] fn] kgft}Ldf vf;} hfg] cfpg] lyPg . kl5 pxfF lj/fdL k/k]l5 3/ kl/jf/af6 klg ;xofu] ePsf] lyof] . pxfs F } efudf kg]{ sl]x Ifq]kmnsf] hldg ks | o[fd} 5 . aRrfx? ;fg} 5g\ . pxfs F f] ;kgf w/]} lyP . k:'ts ks | fzg ug]{ / ;dfhsf] pGgtL ku|ltsf nflu kqsfl/tfsf] dfWodaf6 ofu]bfg k¥'ofpg] . pxfF gj]f/L efiffsf] kqsfl/tfdf w/]} ?rL /fVg' xG'Yof] .

To;d} pxfnF] k6s k6s cfkmg\f] IfdtfnfO{ k:|tt' ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pxfF lj/fdL xbF'f klg pxfnFfO{ Tolx Ifq]sf ;flyx?n] w/]} ;xofu] k¥'ofpg' ePsf] 5 . ;do ;w} Pp6} gx'g] /x]5 . @)^% ;fndf eflu ljjfx u/] klg

. Psn k'?ifnfO{ of] ;dfhn] bf];|f] ljjfx ug{ pT;flxt u5{ . >LdtLsf] nfz hnfO{/x]sf] x'G5 otf Tolx k'?ifnfO{ ;dfhn] ljleGg ;d:of b]vfO{ ljz]ifu/L afnaRrfx?sf] kfngkf]if0fsf nflu eGg] gfddf csf{] ljjfxsf nflu s]6L vf]lh/x]sf] x'G5 .

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zld{nf :ofpnf kgf}tL, sfe|] -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]ns ' f * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

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cfh a}+s Jofn]G; j[l4 x'gfn] dg k|zGg /xnf, (–!! ut] ;do k|lts"n x'Fbf wg vr{sf ;fy} zq' j[l4 xf]nfg\ eg] !@–!$ ut];Dd af]nLsf] k|efj a9\gfn] zq' ldqdf kl/0ft xf]nfg\ .

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cfh ;do tkfO{ s f] ljkIfdf x'Fbf d[To't'No si6 cfOkg{'sf] ;fy} vr{ j[l4 xf]nf, (–!# ut] ;Dd eg] u'?hgsf] ljz]if s[kf k|flKt x'gfn] sd{ k|flKt, pkxf/ cflb j:t' ldNg'sf] ;fy} cfo j[l4 xf]nf . ;ftfsf] ;'?sf] lbg ljk/Lt ln·Laf6 ;'v k|flKt x'gfn] dgdf pT;fx 5fpnf, (–!! ut] rflxF zq' j[l4 x'g'sf] ;fy;fy} em'6f cf/f]k cfpg] ;Defjgf k|an /x]sf] 5, !@–!$ ut] ;Dd gljg sfo{df ;xeflutf xf]nf .

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*–!) ut];Dd ;do cg's"n x'Fbf zq' ldqdf kl/0ft x'gfn] dgdf pT;fx j[l4, ld7fld7f k|]djftf{ nfe xf]nf, !@ / !# ut] eg] cgfjZos wg vr{ xf]nf, clGtd lbg rflxF efUo pbo xf]nf . *–!# ut] ; Dd ;do ;sf/fTds x'Fbf kfl/jf/Ls ;'v k|flKt, z/L/df :j:ytf j[ l 4, Jofkf/ Joj;foaf6 nfe, jfxg ;'v k|flKt xf]nf eg] clGtd lbg rflxF dfgl;s lrGtfn] ;tfpg'sf] ;fy} em'6f cf/f]k cfpnf . cfh cfkmGt;Fu j}/efj j[l4 x'g'sf] ;fy} k]6sf] /f]un] ;tfpnf, ;ftfsf] afFsLsf lbg eg] nfdf] ofqfsf] of]u, zq' gfz, cfo j[l4, z/L/df lg/f]lutf ;fy} ljk/Lt ln·af6 ;'v k|flKt ldNgfn] dgdf pT;fx 5fpnf . ;ftfsf] dWo (–!! ;do s]xL v/fa x'Fbf hnsf] eo x'g'sf] ;fy} 3/sf] lrGtfn] ;tfpnf eg] afFsLsf lbgdf cw'/f sfo{ ;xh} ;kmn, ljBfdf ?rL, zq'af6 ;d]t ;xof]u k|flKt ;Fu} k/fqmd j[l4 xf]nf .

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

uhn v} s;/L 3/ cfp, cfpg] hxfh hNof] cfdf x]bf{x]b{} lrTsf/ ;Fu}, bgbgL aNof] cfdf cfsfzdf p8\g] Tof] r/L, KjfFv 6'6]/ em/]sf] em} w/x/fsf] Tof] :tDe em} p8\b}u'8\b} 9Nof] cfdf cfkmGtnfO{ ;f6\g, d'xf/df ;lhPsf lt v'zL gfdsf] cl3 …8fS6/Ú x}g …:juL{oÚ kf] kmNof] cfdf g/f]p afaf, cfFz' af]sL, csf{] hGddf e]6f}+nf x} efUo n]Vg], v'zL b]Vg] kfkL b}jn] g} 5Nof] cfdf lxdfn ;fu/

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