Year 25 (issue_15)

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of] ckm/ gu'dfpg'xf]nf .

lxdfn :6]zg/L,

kmf]g g+= )!!–^^#&(!

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;+rflnt sfo{qmd 4 Years B.B.S. - English & Nepali Medium 4 Years B.Ed. - English, Nepali, Maths Population 3 Years B.A. - Sociology & Rural Development

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gofF O§f rflxPdf C+B

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rl08sf O§f pBf]u ag]kf–!), k'nahf/

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kb shf{ clws[t dfs]{l6ª ;'k/efO{h/ ahf/ k|j4{s

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;Dj[4 sfe|] s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kmf]g g+= )!!–^^##&%, ^^$!^^

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df“ r08]Zj/L c6f] :k]o;{, ag]kf, tLgbf]af6f], sfe|] kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!*()

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53155/53240/53240/53240/53155/52925/52815/-

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;"rgf nfu"cf}ifw ;]jgn] dflg;sf] zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s :jf:Yo lau|G5, wg ;Dkltsf] jjf{b ub{5, o;sf] k|of]uaf6 cfkm", kl/jf/, ;dfh / /fi6«nfO{ g} ck'/l0fo Iflt k'Ug] x'Fbf o:tf kbfy{ b]lv 6f9f /xf}+ . g]kfn ;/sf/

;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno ;"rgf tyf k|;f/0f ljefu

;dfgtfnfO{ yk k|sfz kf/]sf] 5 . pkwf/f $_ n] ;dfg sfdsf nflu n}+lus cfwf/df kfl/>lds tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf s'g} e]befj ul/g] 5}g\ eGg] / pkwf/f -%_ n] k}lqs ;DklQdf n}+lus e]befj lagf ;a} ;Gtfgsf] ;dfg xs x'g]5 eGg] :ki6 Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . g] k fnsf] ;+ l jwfg afx] s ;fj{ef}d ;+;bn] / ;/sf/n] agfPsf P]g lgoddf klg n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] nflu s]xL sfg'gL k|fjwfg g/flvPsf] xf]Og cefj k|efjsf/L cg'udg÷ d"Nofª\sg / ;kmn sfof{Gogsf] xf] . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g @)%% df kl/ifb\df slDtdf $) Ü dlxnf x'g'kg{] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod ug{ s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug{ ag]sf] P]g @)^# hf/L ul/Psf] lyof] h;n] y'k|} ljz]if P]gx? ;+zf]wg uof{] . gofF d'n'sL P]g @)@) nfO{ ;+zf]wg u/L dlxnf d}qL agfOof] . o;sf cltl/Qm lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, lzIff P]g÷lgod tyf lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u lgodfjnL nufot ;fj{hflgs ;]jfdf v'nf kbdWo] $% Ü sf]]6f 5'§ofO{ ;f]nfO{ ;tk|ltzt dfgL ##Ü dlxnfsf] nflu cf/If0fsf] k|fjwfg /fv]sf] 5 . ljz]ifu/L g]kfnsf] k|rlnt ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] Joj:yfnfO{ x]bf{ n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] nflu n}+lËs ;dtfsf] k|fjwfg :ki6 ?kdf /fv]sf] kfOG5 . h;sf d'Vo Joj:yf cGt{ut wf/f ^) df /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«klt km/s–km/s lnË jf ;d'bfosf] x'g], Joj:yf wf/f *$ sf] pkwf/f -@_ n] ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd x'g] k|ltlgwL ;efsf\ lgjf{rgsf nflu /fhg}lts bnn] pDd]bjf/L lbFbf hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df dlxnf blnt nufotsf] k|ltlglwTj u/fpg] s'/fsf] k|Tofe"lt lbnfPsf] wf/f *^ -@_ s n] /fli6«o ;efdf k|To]s k|b]zaf6 slDtdf # hgf dlxnf Pshgf blnt / Pshgf ckf+utf ePsf JolQm jf cNk;+Vos ;lxt cf7hgf u/L %^ hgf lgjf{rg ug{] / afFsL # hgf /fi6«kltaf6 dgf]lgt ug{] ;'lglZrt u/]sf wf/f (! -@_ n] k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'v dWo] ! hgf dlxnf x'g]u/L lgjf{rg ug'kg{] Joj:yf u/]sf] wf/f (@ @_df /fli6«o ;efsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIf dWo] Pshgf dlxnfsf] clgjfo{tf ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} lsl;dsf] Joj:yf ufpF÷gu/kflnsfsf] cWoIf pkfWoIf tyf d]o/ pkd]o/ ;Ddsf kbdf ! hgf dlxnfsf] ;'lglZrttf g]kfnsf] sfg'gn] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg -@)&@_ sf] wf/f #* df dlxnfsf] xsnfO{ -@# cf}F gDa/df_ df}lns xssf] ?kdf /flvPsf] 5 . h;sf] pkwf/f -!_ df k|To]s dlxnfnfO{ n}+lus e]befj lagf ;dfg j+zLo xs x'g]5 elgPsf] 5 . pkwf/f -$_ df /fHosf ;a} lgsfodf dlxnfnfO{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df ;xefuL x'g] pkwf/f %_ df dlxnfnfO{ lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/L / ;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf ;sf/fTds lje]bsf cfwf/df ljz]if cj;/ k|fKt ug]{ pkwf/f -^_ df ;DklQ tyf kfl/jfl/s dfldnfdf bDklQsf] ;dfg xs x'g] s'/fsf] ;'lglZrttf ul/Psf] 5 . pko{'Qm ljj]rgf ul/Pcg'?k g]kfndf n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod ug{sf nflu k|z:t sfg'gL k|fjwfg / gLltut Joj:yf

bL3{sfnLg===== sfof{ljlw, gu/kflnsfdf s/f/ k|fljlws sd{rf/L Aoj:yfkg ug{] ;DjGwL sfof{ljlw, ckfËtf ePsf AolQmsf] kl/rokq ljt/0f sfof{ljlw kf; u/]sf] lyof] . ljleGg sfof{bnx?sf] u7g, tTsflng ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] kxn, dxTjk"0f{ lbj; ;df/f]xsf cfof]hgf tyf aflif{s ;ldIff, n]vf tyf /fhZj ;DjGwL cled'lvs/0f sfo{qmd, Plss[t ;Dklts/ j8f :t/af6} ;+sngsf] k|f/lDes cEof;sf] yfngL h:tf sfo{ ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . GofoLs ;ldltsf] ultljlw, ;xsf/L ljefu, # ;o #) j6f of]hgf dWo] em08} # ;oj6f of]hgf ;Demf}tf eO{;s]sf] hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] 5 . # ;o #$ j6f gS;f kf; ul/Psf] 5 . ljw]os P]g kf; kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf] lxpbF] gu/ ;efdf k]z ul/Psf k|:tfj tyf ljw]os ;j{;Ddtaf6 kf; ePsf 5g\ . ;efdf gu/kflnsfn] rfn' jif{sf] cw{ aflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . gu/ ;ef cWoIf Pj+ gu/ k|d'v led Gof}kfgn] ;ef ;+rfng ub{} cw{jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg ;lxt ljleGg k|:tfj / ljw]osx? k|:t'tsf nflu cg'dlt lbPsf lyP . pkk|d'v lutf a~hf/fn] cw{aflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g\ . ;efdf j8f gDj/ % sf cWoIf >Lw/ kfWof s'O{s]nn] km/kmf/s ePsf of]hgfx?sf] cg'df]bg k|:tfj k]z u/]sf lyP . To:t} j8f g # sf cWoIf lszf]/ yfkfn] ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;~rfng tyf Aoj:yfkg ;DaGwdf nfu" ul/Psf z'Ns b:t'/ cg'df]bg k|:tfj k|:t't u/]sf lyP . j8f g ! sf cWoIf u'0fgfy ;fksf]6fn] gu/ sfo{kflnsf a}7ssf lg0f{ox? cg'df]bg ;DjGwL k|:tfj k]z u/]sf

ul/Ptf klg Jojxfl/s ?kdf nfu" ePsf] kfOb}g . ;fdflhs ;+/rgfdf JofKt unt / lje]bsf/L s'/fx?n] sfg'gsf] sfof{Gjogdf ;d]t afwf k'u]sf] ;xh} b]lvG5 . cfhsf lbgdf ;d]t Ps} cfdfa'afsf] @ ;GtfgdWo] 5f]/fnfO{ af]l8{ª :s'n / 5f]/LnfO{ ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf k9fpg], 3/fo;L sfddWo] 5f]/fnfO{ ahf/df ;fdfg lsGg k9fpg], 5f]/LnfO{ 3fF; bfp/f lng k9fpg], bfh'efO{sf] x]/rfx ug{sf nflu lbbLalxgLsf] dxTjk"0f{ ;do vr{ u/fpg] h:tf cgluGtL unt cEof; g]kfnL ;dfhdf JofKt /x]sf] 5 . ;xh} b]lvG5 . b]zsf] ;+ljwfg P]g, lgod, lgb{]lzsfdf n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] sfg'gL k|fjwfg /fVb}df, cGt/fli6«o ;GwL ;Demf}tfdf g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 x:tfIf/ u/L cg'df]bg ub}{df n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod x'g ;s]sf] 5}g / ;Sb}g klg . cGt/f{li6«o gf/L lbj; -dfr{ @$_ sf lbg dlxnf clwsf/sdL{n] n}+lus

cfwf/df ;xefuL x'g] xs x'g]5 elgPsf] 5 . lzIfs ;]jf cfof]udf slDtdf ! dlxnf ;lxt # hgf ;b:o /xg]5 eGg] sfg'gL k|fjwfg cGtu{t ! dlxnf ;b:o /xFb} cfPsf]df pSt kb nfdf] ;dob]lv l/St 5 / klg k"lt{ gx'g', ug{sf nflu bafa glbOg' ;+ljwfg ljk/Lt u/] ePsf] sfdsf] pbfx/0f dfq xf] . b]zs} ;+j}wflgs cfof]u / lhDd]jf/ /fhg}lts bnn] ;d]t ;+ljwfgsf] k|jwfg / sfg'gsf] wHhL p8fPsf] ;xh} b]lvG5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @^( sf] pkwf/f $ u_ df bnsf] ljleGg txsf sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldltdf g]kfnsf] ljljwtfnfO{ k|ltljlDjt ug{] u/L ;dfj]zL k|ltlglwTsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'g'k5{ eGg] :k:6 Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . /fhg}lts bn ;DaGwL P]g @)&# sf] bkmf !% sf] pkbkmf $ n] /fhg}lts bnsf] ;a} txsf] ;ldltdf slDtdf Ps ltxfO{ dlxnf x'g]5 eGg] ls6fgL Joj:yf u/]sf]df g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ sf] s]Gb«Lo ;ldltdf s'n $$! ;b:odWo] hDdf

cfhsf] ljrf/ clwjQmf dfwjk|;fb kGt

g]kfndf n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod ug{sf nflu k|z:t sfg'gL k|fjwfg / gLltut Joj:yf ul/Ptf klg Jojxfl/s ?kdf nfu" ePsf] kfOb}g . ;dfgtfsf] nflu tf/] xf]6ndf ;]ldgf/ /fVb}df cyf{t /fhwfgL nufot k|d'v zx/df rsf{ gf/f nufP/ dfq} klg n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod ug{ u/fpg ;lsb}Fg . n}+lus ;dfgtf ;fFlRrs} xfl;n u/fpgsf nflu ;fdflhs ;r]tgfsf] cleofg ;'? ul/g'k5{ . k|To]s lzlIft / ;Eo gful/sn] cfkm"df kl/jt{g Nofpg ;Sg'k5{ . /fHon] /f]huf/L ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] ;Gbe{df n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod u/fpnf eg]/ b}lgs Jojxfl/s lqmofsnfkdf n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod ug]{ u/fpg] lhDd]jff/L k|To]s JolQmsf] xf] .

3/fo;L sfddf s'g} klg JolQmn] of] sfd dlxnfsf] of] k'?ifsf] eg]/ lje]b ug{'ePg .lg0f{o k|lqmofdf dlxnf ;xeflutfnfO{ hf]8 lbg'kof]{ . ;+ljwfgdf k|To]s dlxnfnfO{ ;'/lIft dft[Tj / k|hgg :jf:Yo ;DaGwL xs x'g]5 eg]/ n]lvb}df kof{Kt x'Fb}g . dlxnfsf] xsnfO{ df}lns xssf] :yfg lbOg' / o;df cfbz{ sfg'gL k|fjwfg NofOg' dfq n}+lus ;dfgtfsf nflu kof{Kt 5}g\ . g] k fnL ;dfhdf n} + l us c;dfgtfsf] l:ytL cfh klg sxfnLnfUbf] g} 5 . ljleGg ;dfhdf 36]sf ck/flws lqmofsnfk xf];\ of s'g} klg ;fdfGo 36gf To;df l;sf/ ÷ lkl8t aGg k'Ug] clwsf+z dlxnf g} x'G5g\ . 5f]/L dfq hGdfPsf] cf/f]kdf 3/ lgsfnf ÷ x]nTj ul/Psf dlxnf k|zit bfOhf] gNofPsf]df lhpFb} hnfOPsf dlxnf , 5f]/L ePs} sf/0fn] lzIffsf] Gofgf] 3fdaf6 al~rt dlxnf , cfkm\gf] of]Uotf bIftf / IfdtfnfO{ lg:k|of]lht agfO{ 3/kl/jf/sf] x]/rfx / kfngkf]if0fdf hLjgsf] pj{/ ;do vr{g afWo dlxnf n}+lus c;dfgtfsf] lzsf/ aGg k'u]sf k|ltlgwL dfq x'g\ . o;y{ n}+lus ;dfgtf sfg'g tyf /fHosf k|d'v lgsfodf dfq xf]Og k|To]s 3/, a:tL, sfof{no, ;dfh, ;d'bfoodf klg sfod ul/g'k5{ . o;sf nflu k|To]s gful/sn] cfkm\gf] 7fpFaf6 e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{k5{ . b]zsf] ;+ljwfg tyf /fHo4f/f lgld{t sfg'gdf n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] nflu /flvPsf Joj:yf tyf ;sf/fTds lje]b4f/f k|bfg ul/Psf ljz]if xsx? /fHos} lhDd]jf/ JolQm tyf lgsfoaf6 ePsf pbfx/0f klg k|z:t 5g\ . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #*-$_ n] /fHosf ;a} lgsfodf dlxnfnfO{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf]

&% hgf h'g sl/a !&Ü dfq dlxnf ;d]l6g'n] klg n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] nflu ePsf] sfg'gL k|fjwfgsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog gePsf] / o;sf] nflu /fHos} k|d'v lgsfo tyf lhDd]jf/ JolQm bf]ifL b]lvG5g\ . ;du|df n}+lus ;dfgtfn] cj;/ ;fwg ;|f]tdf dlxnf / k'?ifsf] a/fa/ x}l;ot / kx'FrnfO{ a'emfpF5 . n}+lus ;dfgtf Ps cfbz{ cj:yf xf] h;df ln+usf cfwf/df dlxnf / k'?ifaLr s'g} klg e]befj ul/b}Fg\ . g]kfnsf] k|d'v sfg'g ;+ljwfg,/fHo lgld{t P]g sfg'gdf n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] nflu y'k|} k|fjwfgx? /flvPtf klg tL k|fjwfg sfof{Gjog gx'Fbf Jojxf/df n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod x'g ;s]sf] 5}g\ . sfg'gdf n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] nflu oy]i6 k|fjwfg /flvg',/fhg}lts bnsf g]tf, dlxnf clwsf/sdL{n] cGt/fli6«o gf/L lbj;sf lbgdf dlxnf ;dfgtf tyf gf/L clwsf/sf rsf{] efif0f ub}{df n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod x'g ;Sb}g\ . ln+usf cfwf/df x'g] lje]b ;fdflhs / dfgjlgld{t s'/f xf]. Unt cEof; tyf kl/kf6L xf] . n}+lus c;dfgtf ;dfh leqsf tkfO{F xfdLx?sf dfgl;stfsf] pkh xf] . ljZjsf clwsf+z ljsf;zLn b]zx?df cfh klg k|ToIf ck|ToIf ?kdf dlxnfx? Dfly c;dfg Jojxf/ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . eujfgsf] dlGb/ k|j]zdf ;d]t dlxnfnfO{ /f]s nufOg'n] n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] Jojxfl/s cj:yfnfO{ pbfª\uf] agfpF5 . n}+lus c;dfgtf ;d'bfo leqs} JolQmsf] pkh xf] . Pp6L cfdfn] a/fa/ k|;a kL8f ;x]/ x'sf{Psf @ ;GtfgdWo] 5f]/f / 5f]/LnfO{ kfng kf]if0f ubf{ lzIff lbIff lbFbf ;d]t c;dfg Jojxf/ ul5{g eg] pgsf ;Gtfgn] klg ;f]xL s'/f l;Sg] xf] . b]zsf lhDd]jf/ JolQm tyf lgsfon] ;d]t n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod ug{ u/fpg nflu k/]sf] b]lvb}Fg\ . oyfy{df g]kfndf dlxnfju{nfO{ pTyfgsf] k|lta4tf u/]sf bn tyf ltgsf g]tfn] g} sfg'gsf] kfngf u/]sf 5}gg\ . r'gfjdf pDd]bjf/ agfpFbf xf];\ jf sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldlt u7g ubf{ sfg'gn] ;'lglZrt u/]sf] dlxnf k|ltlglwTjsf] wHhL p8fPsf 5g\ . o;y{ n}+lus ;dfgtf sfod ug{sf] nflu eO/x]sf] sfg'gL k|fjwfgsf] k"0f{ sfof{Gjog ug{ h?/L 5 . ;dfhsf k|To]s JolQmsf] wf/0ffdf Jojxfl/s kl/jt{g cfpg h?/L 5 / dlxnfx?n] klg cfkm"nfO{ sfg'gn] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ / ck'u ePdf /fHonfO{ lg/Gt/ va/bf/L ug{ cfjZos 5 h;n] n}+lus ;dfgtfnfO{ d"t{ ?k lbg]5 .

lyP eg] sfo{kflnsf ;b:o gLnf clwsf/Ln] Goflos ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg cg'df]bgsf nflu k|:tfj k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g\ . To:t} ;efdf j8f g ( sf cWoIf ;xs'n x'dfufO{n] sfo{kflnsfaf6 ul7t n]vf / ljwfog ;ldlt cg'df]bg ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]; u/]sf lyP . gu/ ;efdf j8f g $ cWoIf a'4l;+ yfkfn] d]nldnfkstf{sf] ;"rLdf yk gfd ;"rLs[t ;DjGwL k|:tfj k]z u/]sf lyP . j8f g & sf cWoIf /fdrGb| gf:gfgLn] a}slNks ;8s -k'0odftf sl/8f]/_ of]hgfdf ljlgof]lht /sdsf] jf8Fkmf8F :jLs[tL ug{] ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z u/] . j8f gDa/ !@ sf cWoIf OZj//fh h+udn] gu/ ljkb hf]lvd Go'lgs/0f tyf ]sf

Joj:yfkg ljw]os k]; u/]sf lyP . gu/ ;efdf z'Go ;dodf ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf] laifodf gu/ ;efdf gu/ ;ef ;b:ox?n] wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . gu/ ;b:o k'?iff]td tfd|fsf/n] kgf}tL gu/kflnsf & sf j8fjf;Lx?n] gS;fkf;sf nflu k'/fQflTjs ljefudf hfg' kg{] afWotf cGTo ug{' kg{] atfP . e'sDkn] elTsPsf 3/x? w]/} lgdf{0f ug{ afFsL /x]sfn] gu/n] g} o;sf] Joj:yfkg ug{ pgn] gu/sf] Aoj:yfkg ug{ cg'/f]w u/] . gu/ ;efsf] a}7s k|:tfljt k|:tfjx?sf] 5nkmn ;lxt gu/ ;ef z'qmaf/ ;lsPsf] k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t laho/fh kf}8]nn] hfgsf/L lbP .

ljZjljBfnodf==================== eg] . bz}+ cl3 b]lv z'? ul/Psf] uf8L tof/ u/L dn]l;ofdf x'g] cGt{/fli6«o :t/sf] ;Dd]ngsf nflu cfj]bg lbPsf] pgn] atfP . ljBfyL{x?sf] tof/LnfO{ ljZjljBfnosf] c6f]df]jfO{N; ljefun] ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] k|f]km];/ 8f= 8]lgon t'nfwf/n] atfP . @)!^ b]lv z'? ePsf] cleofgdf sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno ;kmn geP klg @)!*÷@)!( df k|:tfj k]z u/L @)!* clk|n @( df x'g] cGt/fli6«o ;Dd]ngdf ;xeflu x'g] cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf] t'nfw/n] atfP . ljb]zaf6 dfq} uf8Lx? Nofpg] xf]O{g g]kfnd} To;sf] pTkfbg ug{ ;Dej 5 eGg] ;Gb]z lbg / To;nfO{ Aojxf/df ptf{g ljBfyL{x?n] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;Sg] l6dsf ;+of]hs yfkfn] atfP . …xfdL;Fu /sd 5}g, t/ l;k / 1fg 5Ú–pgn] eg]–…xfd|f] l;k / 1fgnfO{ pBd;Fu hf]8]/ g]kfnnfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg of] hu x'g]5 .Ú g]kfnn] lnPsf] ;'vL g]kfnL / ;Dj[4 g]kfnsf] cleofgnfO{ o;n] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ljZjljBfnosf cGt{/fli6«o ;DjGwsf k|d'v Pj+ k|fWofks ledk|;fb >]i7n] atfP . ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{x?sf] 6f]nL dn]l;of uO{ ljZjljBfnodf cWoog u/]/ tof/ u/]sf] uf8Lsf] k|b{zg u/L kms{g]5 . …Tof] k|lt:kwf{ xf], k|lt:kwf{df xfdL pTs[i6 eP/ kms{g]5f{} / ToxfF lbPsf] ;'emfjsf cfwf/df uf8LnfO{ cem} ;'wf/]/ tof/ ug{] 5f{}Ú–l6d ln8/ yfkfn] atfP .

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jif{ @% c+s !% @)&% kmfNu'g @ ut] ljxLjf/

;a}n] ;a}nfO{ k|]d u/f}+

ag]kf÷Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf] cfof]hgfdf ;d'bfo k|x/L ;fem]bf/L gful/s ;'g'jfO{ cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd ag]kfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljBfyL{x?n] k|x/L k|jQmf pQd/fh ;'j]bLnfO{ Ps kl5 csf{] k|Zg u/]sf lyP . kl5Nnf] ;do afnaflnsfx? ck/fwdf ;+nUg x'Fb} uPsf] / ck/fwLsf] lgzfgfdf klg afnaflnsfx? k/]sfn] lx+;f / ck/fw /f]Sg k|x/Ln] ;d'bfo k|x/L ;fe]mbf/L sfo{qmd cuf8L ;f/]sf] k|jQmf ;'j]bLn] atfP . 1fgs'~hdf cWoog/t aflnsfn] k|x/Laf6} klg c;'/lIft ePsf] dx;'; x'Fbf sxfF ph'/L ug{] < k|Zg ;f]w]sL lyO{g\ . c G t { l q m o f sfo{qmddf ;xeflu ljBfnosf afnaflnsfx?, lzIfs tyf cleefjsx?, hgk|ltlglwx?, ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?n] ;d'bfo k|x/L ;fe]mbf/Laf6 x'g] ultljlwsf af/]df rf;f] AoQm u/]sf lyP . ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] rf;f]df hjfkm lbb} k|x/L k|jQmf pQd/fh ;'j]bLn] g]kfndf kl5Nnf s]lx jif{ k]z]j/ ck/fw Go"gLs/0f x'Fb} uPsfn] ;fdflhs ljs[ltsf] ck/fw a9\b} uPsf] atfP . aGb, x8\tfn sd x'Fb} uP klg dlxnf lx+;f, anfTsf/, nfu' cf}ifw k|of]u h:tf 36gfdf a9f]Q/L ePsf] atfP . !% jif{ d'lgsf ^$ k|ltzt afnaflnsfx? 3/ kl/jf/, lzIfs, cfkmGt / gftfuf]tfaf6 anfTsf/df k/]sf] pgn] atfP . ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] b'?kof]uaf6 k|]d, xTof / cfTdxTofsf 36gf eO{/x]sf] k|jQmf ;'j]bLn] atfP . dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg kl5 cfsl:ds x'g] 36gfdf a[l4 ePsfn] k|x/Ln] ;d'bfo k|x/L ;fe]mbf/L sfo{qmdaf6 ;a}

;lGbk g]kfn ljBfyL{

sfe|] ax'd'vL SofDk; · cfhef]ln s]df Ao:t x'g'x'G5 < d'Vo s'/f k9fO{df ;do Aoltt ul/G5 . ;fy} 3'd3fd / ;fyLefO e]63f6df klg ;do laTg] ub{5 . · k9fO stf k'Uof] < k};f / lzIff s'g k|fyldstf k5{ tkfO{sf] hLjgdf < k9fO{ BICTE l;S; ;]d]:6/df k'Uof] . d]/f] k|fyldstf clxn] ;DdnfO k9fO{ cyf{t lzIff g} xf] . / cGttM k9fO{ kZrft k};fsf] dxTj cjZo /xnf . · lsg ICTE k9g \ e ' of] < o:sf] :sfk] s:tf] 5 gk]fndf < of] ?rLsf] laifo ;fy} gofF sf]if{ xf] To;sf/0f klg ICTE kl9of] . bIf hgzlQmsf] vfrf] g]kfndf 5b}g} 5 ;fy} k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] vfFrf] htf Tot} /xG5 g} . · km]l/ lsg bIf jf cw{ bIf hgzlQm ;a}sf] /f]hfO{ lab]z x'G5 < o;df w]/} sf/0fx? hf]l8G5g\ . g]kfndf cj;/ sd x'g' ePsf] cj;/df sfd cg';f/sf] kfl/>lds gx'g' klg sf/0f xf] . ;fy} ;a}vfn] hgzlQm aflxl/g' g]kfndf nufgL d}qL jftfj/0f gx'g' klg csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ sf/0f xf] . · ;/sf/n] k|wfgdGqL /f]huf/ sfo{qmdsf] z'ef/De u/]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ s;/L lng' ePsf] 5 < of] ;/sf/sf] dxTjfsf+IfL sfo{qmd xf] . o;n] /fHon] gful/ssf] ;'/Iffdf x/t/xn] ;f]Rg ;S5 eGg] pbfx/0f k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] of] sfo{qmdnfO{ cToGt ;sf/fTds sbd eg]/ lng ;lsG5 . · ;r]t gful/sn] /fhgLlt lsg a'‰g h?/L < ljBfyL{ sfndf /fhgLlt ug{' pko'Qm xf] / < cfd gful/sn] /fhgLlt a'‰g h?/t 5 . cfˆgf xs clwsf/ / bfloTj a'‰gsf nflu klg /fhgLlt a'‰g' kb{5 . ljBfyL{sfndf /fhgLlt cem dxTjk"0f{ /xG5 . x/ If]qsf ;d:ofsf] cfjfhnfO a'nGb kfg{ x/]sn] /fhgLlt ug{' h?/L 5 . To;}df ljBfyL{n] klg /fhgLlt a'‰g /

o'jf;“u !) k|Zg e'jg /fodfemL

ug{ h?/t 5 . · of] ;/sf/af6 hgtfsf] ck]Iff slQsf] k'/f xf]nf < slQsf] ;sf/fTds x'g'x'G5 < tTsfn ck]Iffs[t sfd ePsf] gb]lvPtf klg b'/ b[li6sf lx;fan] of] ;/sf/ ;kmn 5 . ;/sf/n] hg ck]Iffsf sfdx?nfO{ Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ cl3 ;/]sf] 5 . t;y{ d cToGt ;sf/fTds 5' . · ;/sf/n] hg–ckI]ff cg? ' k sfd ug{ g;ss ] f] hgug ' f;f] klg ;l'gG5 lg < d}n] klxn] g} elg;s] tTsfn hgck]Iff cg';f/sf] sfd ePsf] gb]lvPsf] s'g}s'g} sfd ljjflbt h:tf] b]lvPtf klg sfnfGt/df of] ;/sf/sf lgs} ;kmn dflgg]5 .

ag]kf a'8f]ndf zlxb dfu{ lzNofGof;

ag]kf÷;/sf/sf k|jQmf Pj+ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] ;/sf/n] ;a} of]hgfx?nfO{ ;dod} ;DkGg ug{] u/L sfo{ cuf8L a9fPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . …rfn' jif{ leq} ;DkGg ug{' kg{] of]hgfx?sf] wdfwd sfd eO{/x]sf] 5Ú– dGqL af:sf]6fn] eg] . ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ ^ df k|b]z ;/sf/ dfkm{t ljlgof]hg ePsf] %) nfv ?k}of nfutdf lgdf{0f x'g] zlxb dfu{ af6f]sf] lzNofGof; ub{} dGqL af:sf]6fn] pkef]Qmfx? dfkm{t ul/g] of]hgfx? u'0f:t/Lo x'g] atfP . …pkef]Qmfx?n] lhDd]jf/L lnP/ ul/Psf clwsf+z of]hgfx?sf] sfd u'0f:t/ / ;dod} ;DkGg ePsf] 5Ú–dGqL af:sf]6fn] eg] . ;dod} ;DkGg u/L hgdfg;df pkef]Qmfx?n] ug{] sfdsf af/]df ljZjf; lbnfpg' kg{] pgsf] egfO{ lyof] . lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'Fbf /sd cefj ePsf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/n] yk ;xof]u ug{] atfpFb} dGqL af:sf]6fn] cfjZostf cg';f/ /sd k|bfg ug{] t/ To;sf] ;lx ;b'kof]u x'g' kg{] atfP . sfo{qmddf k|b]z ;ef ;f+;b a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{n] pkef]Qmfx? dfkm{t zzt{ cg'bfgdf gu/kflnsf dfkm{t ul/g] ^ j6f of]hgfsf] cg'udgdf h;sf] pTs[i6 x'G5 Tolx pkef]Qmf ;ldltnfO{ cfufdL jif{sf] ah]6df klg Tolt g} /sd pknAw u/fpg] atfP . lhNnfsf] ag]kf gu/kflndf ;+;b

ljsf; sf]if tkm{sf] k|b]z ;efaf6 j8f gDj/ @ df *) nfv, j8f gDj/ ( df %) nfv, jn8f gDa/ !# / !$ df %) nfv, j8f gDj/ # sf] gfnf sflze~HofË aGr/]vf]nf v08sf nflu %) nfv ;8ssf nflu ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 eg] j8f gDj/ !! df vfg]kfgLsf] l8k af]l/Ësf nflu %) nfv /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 . pQm of]hgfx? pkef]Qmf dfkm{t a}zfv d;fGt leq ;DkGg ug{] u/L sfo{ z'? ul/Psf] 5 . zzt{ cg'bfgdf k|b]z ;sf/sf] /sd ;DjlGwt gu/kflnsf dfkm{t ;Demf}tf / e'QmfgL x'g]5 . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb] >]i7n] gu/sf ;a} of]hgfx?sf] sfd wdfwd eO{/x]sf] atfP . of]hgfx? ;dod} ;DkGg ug{ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt dfkm{t sfo{ eO{/x]sf] pgn] atfP . sfo{qmddf pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] gu/sf of] h gfx?df pkef] Q mfx?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf /x]sf] atfO{g\ . j8f gDj/ ^ df x'g] x/]s of]hgfx?df pkef]Qmfx?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfn] ;dod} sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] atfO{g\ . j8f cWoIf ;lrtfgGb s];Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf cWoIf /fh]Gb| yfkf nufot cGo :yfgLox?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . %) nfv /sdaf6 pQm ;8s v08df # ;o $ ld6/ 9n lj5o\fpg] sfo{ xg'5] eg] ! ;o ld6/ l/6l]gË jfn lgdf0{f ug]{ / cGo sfo{ xg'5] . pQm ;8s agk]f a8'fn ] zlxb dfu{ uf;]fO:{yfg xbF'} cgs ] f6], gu/sf6] hfg] 5 .

;d'bfo k|x/L ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd ;DkGg

· Eofn]G6fOg–8] s;/L dgfpg] of]hgfdf x'g'x'G5 < cfhsf lbg k|]dL k|]ldsfsf nflu ljz]if lbg . Ps o'jf ePsf gftfn] :jefljs} cfhsf] lbg /dfOnf] xf];\ nfU5 t/ d]/f] To:t} s'g} ljz]if tof/L eg] s'g} 5}g . · cGTodf======= klqsfnfO{ of] cj;/sf nflu w]/} w]/} wGoafb . cfh k|m]a'c/L !$ cyf{t k|]d lbj; ;a}n] ;a}nfO{ k|]d u/f}+ . ljz]if ul/ dfofn' k|]d hf]8Lx?df z'esfdgf .

zf/bf atf;]df s[ifs e]nf zf/bf atf;]÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !) df s[ifs e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ls;fgnfO{ lgjf{xd'vL v]tL k|0ffnLaf6 kl/jt{g u/L Joj;flos agfpg e]nfsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] j8f sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf pk–k|d'v ljdnf zdf{sf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . o:t} sfo{qmddf e]6]/Lg/L c:ktfn tyf kz' ;]jf lj1 s]Gb|sf k|d'v df]un k|;fb zfx, s[lif sfof{no w'lnv]nsf s[lif afln k|;f/ clws[t k|ltef vgfn / s[lif OsfO{sL ;'ldqf k'l/sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf pk k|d'v ljdnf zdf{n] s[lifdf oflGqs/0f ub}{ ls;fgnfO{ cfkm\gf] k]zf k|lt ;dlk{t agfpg cfjZos /x]sf]df hf]8 lbOg\ . pgn] gu/kflnsfnfO{

s[lif If]qdf cl3 a9fpg / ls;fgnfO{ o; k]zf k|lt ljZjf; hufpg cGo :yfgLo txdf eGbf a9L /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbPg\ . j8f cWoIf k'ik/fh /fptn] s[lif qmflGt ub}{ cf}Bf]lus qmflGtdf hfg ;s] dfq ;d[4 g]kfn ;'vL g]kfnLsf] kl/sNkgf ;fsf/ x'g] atfP . o:t} e]6]/Lg/L c:ktfn tyf kz' ;]jf lj1 s]Gb|sf k|d'v df]un k|;fb zfxn] s[lif qmflGt lagf hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ psf:g ;Dej g/x]sf] atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf s[lif sfo{nosL s[lif afln k|;f/ clws[t k|ltef vgfnn] s[ifssf ;d:of ;Daf]wg ug{ dfudf cfwfl/t eP/ sfd ul//x]sf] atfPsL lyOg\ . sfo{qmddf j8f leqsf ! ;o @) eGbf a9L s[ifssf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd alb| ltdlN;gfn] ;+rfng u/]sf lyP .

If]qdf k'uL o:tf ck/fwx? Go"lgs/0f k|of; z'? u/]sf] pgn] atfP . rf]/L, nfu' cf}ifw, xTof h:tf 36gfdf klg !^ jif{ d"lgsf afnaflnsfx? ;xeflu ePsf 5g\ . …afnaflnsfx?nfO{ kLl8t / kL8s x'gaf6 arfpg' k5{Ú–k|jQmf ;'j]bLn] eg]–…ljBfno txdf o; ;DjGwL kf7\oqmd g} tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .Ú cl8of], lel8of] tyf kf7\o ;fdfu|Lsf] dfWodaf6 afnaflnsfx? unt af6f]df glbg ;r]t u/fO{g] 5 . cleefjssf] x]nr]qm\ofO{af6 afnaflsnfx? hf]lvddf kg{] u/]sf] k|x/L cWoogn] b]vfPsf] pgn] atfP . cGt{lqmof sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];L, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0faxfb'/ /fpt, sfe|] k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sf, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v ljdnf zdf{, pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf s]lGb|o ;b:o ;'/s[i0f a}B, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ ef]h/fh ltdlN;gf, O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|x/L lgl/Ifs lg/Ghg e§/fO{ nufotn] k|x/L ;d'bfo ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L x'g' kg{] atfPsf lyP . lhNnfdf !# j6f :yflgo txdf ;db'fo kx|/L ;ldlt u7g eO{ ;ss ] f 5g\ . &( j8f ;ldlt, ! ;o j6f 6fn ] ;ldlt, ! ;o %^ j6f ljBfno ;ldlt u7g eO;{ss ] f] kx|/L kd|v ' P;kL /lj/fh v8s \ fn] hfgsf/L lbP . bz ] e/ !$ xhf/ ;ldlt u7g ePsf] kx|/L kj|Qmf ;j'b]Ln] atfP . @) j6f ljBfnodf ! xhf/ % ;o ljBfyLx{?nfO{ ;db'fodf kx|/Lsf] dxTj / ;fOa{/ qmfOd{ tyf ck/fw Gol'gs/0f ;DalGw sIff lnOP{sf] pgn] jtfP . sfoq{md ;db'fodf kx|/L ;femfb]f/L agk]fsf ;o+fh ] s tyf agk]f gu/ kd|v ' nIdL g/+l;+ afbs ] f] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

pkTosfsf ;+rf/u[xdf l56} ;+o'Qm cg'udg yfNg] sf7df8f}÷Go"gtd kfl/>lds lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf /x]sf ljleGg ;+rf/ k|lti7fgx?df ;+o'Qm ?kdf cg'udg yfNg] ePsf] 5 . ;+rf/ k|lti7fgdf sfo{/t >dhLjL kqsf/ Pj+ sfdbf/ sd{rf/Lx?sf] Go"gtd kfl/>ldsdf j[l4 ug]{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{okl5 ;ldltn] kfl/>lds e'QmfgLsf] cj:yf / >dhLjL kqsf/ P]gsf] sfof{Gjog ljifodf cg'udg ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . ;ldltn] g] k fn kqsf/ dxf;+ 3 sf k|ltlglwx?, ;"rgf tyf k|;f/0f ljefusf k|ltlglwx? / ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] ;+o'Qm 6f]nL agfP/ cg'udgdf hfg] lg0f{o u/]sf] ;ldltsf cWoIf u+ufw/ k/fh'nLn] hfgsf/L lbP . >dhLjL kqsf/ Pj+ sfdbf/

sd{rf/Lsf] kfl/>ldsdf %) k|ltzt;Dd j[l4 ug{ ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] ePklg @% k|ltzt j[l4 ug]{ lg0f{o g]kfn ;/sf/n] u/]sf] / pQm lg0f{o oxL @)&% sflt{s ! ut]af6 nfu" x'g] egL g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf ;d]t k|sfzg e};s]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] pQm lg0f{osf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfnon] Go"gtd kfl/>ldsdf j[l4 ul/Psf] /sdnfO{ cfwf/e"t kfl/>ldssf] ?kdf lng tyf cGo eQf / ;'ljwfx? Go"gtd kfl/>lds tf]lsPsf] /sdleq ;dfj]z gug{ ;fy} >dhLjLx?sf] kfl/>ldssf] e'QmfgL a}+lsª k|0ffnLaf6 u/]sf] ;'lglZrt ePkl5 dfq} ;/sf/L :t/af6 k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf ;'ljwf ;DalGwt ;+rf/ k|lti7fg / ;+rf/sdL{x?nfO{ lbgsf nflu dftxtsf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfonfO{ kl/kq ul/Psf] 5 .

k~rsGof dlGb/sf] lzNofGof;

al}4s Phs ' zg] lgdf0{ffy{ sfoq{md ag]kf÷6]Dkn ckm a]l4s Ph's]zgÚÚ lgdf{0ffy{ O:sf]g g]kfnn] leO{l8P /fli6«o ;f+lults j}08x? / g]kfn e|d0f jif{ @)@) -g]kfn ko{6g af]8{_ sf] ;xsfo{df u'? of]hgf tof/ ePsf] 5 . of]hgfn] cGt/fli6«o dxf/fqL ;f+lults kj{–@)!( sf] dfWodåf/f af}l4s JolQmTjx?sf] ;+nUgtfsf ;fy lgdf{0f ug{]5 . ;F:s[lt, ;lª\ut / af}l4s hgzlQmsf] lqsf]l0fo d]n x'g]5 . sfo{qmddf ljZje/sf % ;o af}l4s JolQmTjx?sf] nlIft ……6]Dkn ckm a}l4s Ph's]zgÚÚ sf] lgdf0ffy{

:jo+;]jsx?sf] ;+sNk btf{, cGt/fli6«o leO{l8Psf snfsf/x? / /li6«o ;flª\ults a}08x?sf] ;+uLt tyf gf6s d~rsf] k|ToIf k|;f/0f, sfo{qmd kZrft ……6]Dkn ckm a}l4s Ph's]zgÚÚ sf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;'?jft ug{], sfo{qmdsf] ;+slnt artaf6 ……6]Dkn ckm a}l4s Ph's]zgÚÚ sf] lgdf{0fsf] nflu !) nfv k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @ dfr{ @)!(, zlgaf/ sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfno, cl8of]6f]l/odxndf pQm sfo{qmd x'g]5 . sfo{qmdsf nflu dw'lehf bf; dfwjk|;fb ltdlN;gf sfo{qmd ;+of]hs /x]sf 5g\ .

;fd'bflos af]l8{·df ;/:jtL k"hf kgf}tL÷>Lk~rdLsf] cj;/df ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf zDe' n fn >] i 7 / k" j { lzIfs /fdz/0f k/fh' n L ;lxtsf] pkl:yltdf ljBfn k| f Ë0fdf ljBfyL{ x ?sf] eJo pkl:yltdf ;/:jtL k" h f sfo{ q md ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;xfos lk| l G;kn ljdn

sfsL{ n ] ;+ r fng u/] s f] sfo{ q md aGbgf ;lxtsf] sfo{ q mddf o; ljBfnosf ;+ : yfks lk| l G;kn tyf KofA;g sfe| ] s f gj lgjf{ l rt cWoIf k" 0 f{ s' d f/ >] i 7 tyf ;Dk" 0 f{ lzIfs kl/jf/ Pj+ cleefjx?sf] pkl:yltdf k" h f sfo{ q md rn] s f] lyof] . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf cIf/fDe sfo{qmd ;d]t ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .

sf+ u fn÷g] k fn ;/sf/sf k|jQmf tyf ;~rf/ tyf k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] lgjf{rgdf u/]sf k|lta4tfx? ;a} k'/f ul/g] jtfPsf 5g\ . ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !) sf] sf+ u fndf k~rsGof dlGb/sf] lzNofGof; ub{] dGqL af:sf]6fn] pQm s'/f atfPsf x'g\ . ;/sf/n] r/0fa4 sfd ul//x]sfn] kl/0fd b]vLg ;do nfu]sf] lj:tf/} kl/0fd b]vLg nuf]sfn] hgtfn] rfx]sf / ;f]r]sf sfdx? % jif{ ;Dd k'/f x'g] jtfP . ljsf; / ;d[l4df d'n's cuf8L a9]sfn] s;}n] klg ca bfofF afofF ug{ g;Sg] af:sf]6fn] atfP . ljkIfL k|lt nIfLt ub{} ;/sf/nfO{ sfd ug{ b]p, of] ;/sf/ ! aif{sf] nfuL ag]sf] xf]O{g % aif{sf] nflu ag]sf] xf] eGg] ;d]t x]Ssf /fVg

cg'/f]w u/] . ;/sf/ k|lta4 5, pgn] eg] % jif{df a[4 eQf % xhf/ k'¥ofpF5f}, @ ltxfO{sf] bDe xf]O{g sfd u/]/ b]vfpg uPsf xf} dGqL af:sf]6fn] eg] . dGqL af:sf]6fn] eg] dlGb/ klg lgjf{rgsf] k|lta4tfsf] Pp6f xf] To;}n] xfldn] ;a} k|lta4tfx? k'/f ug{] cfZj:t agfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo k|d'v p4a s];L, ag]kf gu/kflnsf gu/ k|d'v nIdL g+/;L afb], !) g+ j8f cWoIf rGb|axfb'/ v8\ s f, pkef] Q mf ;ldltsf ;Nxfsf/ lrqaxfb'/ s];L nufPtsf AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtAo O{Zj/ s];Ln] /fv]sf lyP eg] ;efkltTj dlGb/ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf cWoIf sdn s];Ln] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmd :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL kjg s];Ln] ;~rfng u/]sf lyP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd @)!&.&.!#

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.!).!(

:j= wgs'df/L /fgfdu/ ag]kf e]u du/ lxtsf/L u'7Lsf ;b:o ljgf]b /fgfdu/sf] ddtfdoL dftf wgs'df/L /fgfdu/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] !# cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

lvnaxfb'/ yfkfdu/ cWoIf tyf

ag]kf e]u du/ lxtsf/L u'7L kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

$#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs r]i6f ;fKtflxs

@)&%j}kmfNu' ut] ljxLjf/ ljxLjf/ jif{jif{@$@%c+c+ ss@*!%@)&% zfv g@&@ ut]

/fwfsi[0fsf] ;j]fsG]b| es0'8d]f gfnfdf ;b\efa c:ktfnsf] u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf

es'08]÷/fwfs[i0f art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=n] ;b:ox?sf] ;'ljwfsf nflu gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf j8f g= & es'08]df ;]jf s]Gb| :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . ;]jf s]Gb|sf] pb\3f6g ub{] gdf]a'4 gu/kflnssf gu/ k|d'v l6=lk zdf{n] gu/df ;xsf/L cfpg] qmd al9/x]sfn] gu/kflnsfn] ;xsf/Lx?sf] lgu/fgL ul//x]sf] atfPsf lyP . gu/df ;xsf/L cfP/ cfly{s If]qdf yk 6]jf k'Ug] eP klg Ps b"O{ ;xsf/Lx?n] ubf{ ;a} ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ c;/ kg{] eGb} :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] cg'dlt / lgu/flg hf/L /flv/xg' kg{]

atfP . ;b:ox?n] yf]/} /sdaf6 art z'? u/L ;b:ox?s} lxtdf nfUg klg ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . art tyf C0f dfq xf]O{g lzkd'ns tflnd k|bfg, ;fdlhs If]qdf of]ubfg / pTkfbgd'ns If]qdf nufgL u/L ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s ca:yf psf:g nfUg'kg{] ;d]t atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;ldlt :yflgo ;+3;:yf tyf :yfgLoaf;Lx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf cWoIf sdn clwsf/Lsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

gfnf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsf $ gfnfdf ;b\efj ;d'bfoLs c:ktnsf] ;]jf u'0f:t/Lo /x]sf] :yfgLon] jtfPsf 5g\ . l;8 g] k fn ax' p 2] Z oLo ;xsf/L ;+:yfåf/f ;~rflnt c:ktfn @$ ;} 306f ;'ljwf lbPsf] cWoIf /]zd g]kfnLn] hfgsf/L lbP . gfnf e]u tyf ;b:ox?sf] ;]jf ;'ljwfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ ;]jf k|jfx ul/Psf] atfPsf] 5 . c:ktfndf lj/fdL egf{, dlxnf tyf k|;'lt Pj+ kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;DalGw ;]jf, ;a} k|sf/sf /ut k/LIf0f, O{=l;=hL ;]jf, PS;/], lel8of] PS;/], ;'ky d'Nodf cf}ifwL ljqmL ljt/0f tyf clS;hg Pj+ clS;hgsf] ;fdfu|Lx?sf] ljqmL ljt/0f, PDa'n]G; ;]jf h:tf ;]jfx? k|jfx ul/Psf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;xsf/Lsf] ;b:ox?nfO{ ;]jf tyf ;'ljwf / 3/ cfFugd} ;]jf lbg] p2]Zon] ;]jf z'? pkrf/ / cf}iflwdf 5'6 ul/Psf] ;xsf/Lsf cWoIf /]zd g]kfnLn] hfgsf/L

xflb{s awfO{

lbP .

;d'bfosf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, z}lIfs, s[lif pTyfg kl/j{tg ug{ / /f]huf/L l;h{gf u/L a]/f]huf/L ;d:ofnfO{ Go'lgs/0f ug{] ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] ;d]t atfO{Psf] 5 . ;+:yfn] ljleGg ;dodf ;fdflhs sfo{x? ub{] cfPsf], ;b:ox?sf] lxtsfnufL :jf:yo lzla/, ;/;kmfO{, ljBfnodf :6]zg/L ;dfu|L ljt/0f, /Qmbfg h:tf sfo{x? ub{] cfPsf] k|aGws /fhg sf]Ëfn] atfP . ;xsf/Lsf] l;4fGt cg';f/ g} ;a} art tyf C0f dfq geO{ ;b:osf] lxt / ;'lawf tyf pTkfbg If]qdf nfUg] sf]Ëfn] atfP . ;+:yfsf] kf}if ;Ddsf] sf/]af/ !% s/f]8, z]o/ k'hL+ ! s/f]8 $ nfv / z]o/ ;b:o @ xhf/ & ;o ;b:o /x]sf, ;+:yfsf] cfkm\g} ;'ljwf ;DkGg ejg, gfnf If]qd} pTs[i6 sf/f]af/ u/L ;b:ox?sf] dg lhTg ;kmn ePsf] ;d]t atfO{Psf] 5 .

r]i6f ;fKtflxs Pj+ k|fO{d PkmPdsf w'lnv]n ;+jfbbftf cfgGb;fu/ ouf]nsf] ;ljtf jfb] >]i7;Fu j}jflxs hLjgdf afFlwg'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ tyf bfDkTo hLjg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQmm ub{5f}+ .

xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf

o; lxdfno e]6]l/g/Lsf z'elrGtsåo tyf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf ;lrj tyf sflGtk'/ b}lgssf sfe|] ;+jfbbftf gu]Gb| clwsf/Lsf] sfe|] eGHofª lgjf;L cd[tf x'dfufO{;Fu tyf ;u/dfyf 6]lnlehgsf sfe|] ;+jfbbftf /fd;'Gb/ cfrfo{sf] x]6f}8f lgjf;L lbkf kl08t;Fu j}jflxs hLjgdf afFlwg'ePsf]df pxfFx?sf] bfDkTo hLjg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{} xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

bof/fd dxt

8f= xl/s[i0f yfkf

lxdfno e]6]/Lg/L lSnlgs P08 Nofa kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf

xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf ;lrj tyf sflGtk'/ b}lgssf sfe|] ;+jfbbftf gu]Gb| clwsf/Lsf] sfe|] eGHofª lgjf;L cd[tf x'dfufO{;Fu tyf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf ;b:o tyf ;u/dfyf 6]lnlehgsf sfe|] ;+jfbbftf /fd;'Gb/ cfrfo{sf] x]6f}8f lgjf;L lbkf kl08t;Fu j}jflxs hLjgdf afFlwg'ePsf]df pxfFx?sf] bfDkTo hLjg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{} xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf ;lrj tyf sflGtk'/ b}lgssf sfe|] ;+jfbbftf gu]Gb| clwsf/Lsf] sfe|] eGHofª lgjf;L cd[tf x'dfufO{;Fu tyf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf ;b:o tyf ;u/dfyf 6]lnlehgsf sfe|] ;+jfbbftf /fd;'Gb/ cfrfo{sf] x]6f}8f lgjf;L lbkf kl08t;Fu j}jflxs hLjgdf afFlwg'ePsf]df pxfFx?sf] bfDkTo hLjg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{} xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, cWoIf tyf

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvf kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @% c+s !% @)&% kmfNu'g @ ut] ljxLjf/

efO{/; pTkfbg ug{] pBf]u gfnfdf z'? pBf]usf k|jGw lgb{]zs /fhLj uflGw, sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs z]v/ uf]NIff nufotn] pBf]un] g]kfnnfO{ EoflS;gdf cfTdlge{/ agfO{ (% k|ltzt pTkfbg lgof{t ug{ ;Sg] atfP .

a'8f]n ;fd'bflossf] w'lnv]ndf ;]jf s]Gb|

vf]nf ldr]/ pBf]u

gfnf÷k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] d'n'sdf nufgL d}qL jftfj/0f tof/ ePsfn] gLlh If]qnfO{ 9'Ss eP/ nufgL ug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . …gLlh If] q sf] dfWodaf6 a}b]lzs nufgLsf] jftfj/0f agfpg cg'/f]w ub{5'Ú–k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] eg] . …;/sf/n] gLlh If]qnfO{ ;+/If0f / k| f ] T ;fxg u5{ Ú –k| w fgdGqL cf] n Ln] eg]–…/f]huf/ l;h{gf u/L a]/f]huf/ cGTo ug{] pBf]ux?df pRr k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t 1fg, /f]huf/L, pTkfbsTj / lgof{t x'g]5 .Ú lhNnfsf] ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ # pu|r08L gfnfdf :yfkgf ePsf] uf]N5f ;+u7g / x]:6/ afof];fO{G;];\ lnld6]8 Ol08ofsf ;+o'Qm nufgL /x]sf] x]:6/ afof];fO{G;]h g]kfn k|fnLsf] pb\3f6g ub{} k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] EoflS;gdf cfTdlge{/ agfpFb} lgof{t ;d]t ug{] pBf]unfO{ cuf8L a9\g z'esfdgf AoQm u/] . …;fj{hlgs, gLlh / ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ ;dGjo ub{} ;/sf/ cuf8L

al9/x] s f] 5Ú–k| w fgdGqL cf] n Ln] eg]–…a]/f]huf/ cGTo ug{] ;/sf/sf] nIonfO{ pBf] u n] ;xof] u k' ¥ ofPsf] 5 .Ú …xnf], sf]bfnf] dfq} xf]O{g, a}1flgs / k| l jlwdf cfwfl/t ePsf /fi6« n fO{ cfTdlge{/ k'/f u/]/ lgof{t ug{] pBf]u cfjZos 5Ú–k|wfgdGqLn] eg]–…;/sf/ s'/f] a'em]/ dfq cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 .Ú …efO{/; pTkfbg ug{], efO{/; a9fP/ EoflS;g agfpg] / EoflS;g lgof{t u/]/ 8n/ Nofpg z'? ePsf] 5Ú–k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] eg]–…ljsf;sf], lj1fgsf], k|ljlwdf ljZjf; gug{]x?n] km]/L klg p8fpg ;S5g .Ú ljsf;sf nflu cg's'n jftfj/0f tof/ ePsfn] ;/sf/ nufgL d}qL jftfj/0f ;Fu} ;'zf;g / ljsf;sf] k|d'v Ph]08f lnP/ cuf8L a9]sf] k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] atfP . …olx ;/sf/ kfFr jif{ ;Dd l6S5, csf{] lgjf{rg u/fP/ gofF ;/sf/ aG5 t/ s:tf] ;/sf/ aG5 clxn] g} eg]/ gt{;fpFÚ–pgn] eg] . x]:6/n] pRr

@$ cf} hgo'4 lbj; dgfO{of]

ag]kf÷@$ cf} hgcfGbf]ng tyf hgo'4 lbj; ag]kfdf dgfO{Psf] 5 . g]skf sfe|]sf] cfof]hgfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf g]tfx?n] hgcfGbf]ng / hgo'4sf] ;kgf k'/f ug{ g]t[Tjn] Tolx cg';f/sf gLlt / sfo{qmdx? hgtfsf aLrdf n}hfg' kg{] atfP . g]skfsf s]lGb|o ;b:o sdfg l;+ nfdfsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf

;DkGg sfo{qmddf k'j{ /fHo dGqL ;'o{dfg bf]Ë, ;ef;b /fdx/L ;'j]bL, sdnf bf]Ë, k'j{ ;ef;b\ t]haxfb'/ ldhf/, ;f+;bx? /Tg 9sfn, nID0f nD;fn, rGb| nfdf, a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{, g]skf g]tfx? czf]s Aof~h', lbgfgfy uf}td, gf/fo0f kf08] tyf ljleGg txsf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

o; xf]6n u|Lgsf] nflu s]xL sd{rf/Lx? cfjZos ePsfn] lgGg of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's JolQmx?n] ! xKtfleq b/vf:t lbg'x'g' cg'/f]w ul/G5 . != kb M– s's ;++Vof M– $ @= kb M– j]6/ ;++Vof M– % dlxnf % k'?if #= kb M– x]Nk/ ;++Vof M– @ kfl/>lds M– cfsif{s -vfg] a:g] ;'ljwf ;lxt_ gf]6 M ;DalGwt sfddf bIf JolQmnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf . ;Dks{

xf]6n u|Lg, ag]kf rf/bf]af6f], sfe|] d]nDrL a;kfs{ ;Fu}, ;Dks{ g+= (*%!@!$$$)

k|ljlwsf] k|of]u u/]/ s'v'/f, afv|f tyf cGo kz'k+lIfsf] EoflS;g pTkfbg z'? u/]sf] 5 . aflif{s !=@$ ljlnog 8f]h nfO{e / ;lqmo EoflS;g pTkfbg ug{] pQm sDkgLn] cfO{lj8L Kn; Pgl8 lsN8 / Pkmjg /fgL vt gfds EoflS;g ljqmL ul/;s]sf] 5 . ef/taf6 cfoft eGbf $) k|ltzt sd d'Nodf pQm EoflS;g ahf/df pknAw 5 . sfo{qmddf cy{dGqL 8f= o'j/fh vltj8fn] nufgL d}qL sfg"gx? lgdf{0f ug{ ;+;bdf sfg'gx? k]z ePsf] atfP . a}s / pBf]u gLlh If]qs} ePsfn] ;/sf/n] xft gxfn]sf] atfpFb} tTsfn Aofhdf kl/jt{g u/L pBf]ud}qL aGg /fi6« a}s dfkm{t lgb{]zg lbPsf] cy{dGqL vltj8fn] atfP . sfo{qmddf g]kfn pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf ejfgL /f0ffn] gLlh If]qn] :yfoL ;/sf/sf sf/0f nufgL d}qL jftfj/0f kfPsf] atfO{g\ . ;Dj[4 g]kfnsf nflu d'n'sdf gLlh If]qn] /f]huf/ / pTkfbg dfkm{t of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] atfO{g\ .

k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLåf/f pb\3f6g u/fO{Psf] pQm pBf]un] vf]nf] ldr]/ ejg lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLox?n] k6s k6s lj/f]w ubf{ ;d]t sDkgLn] x]k]/, k]n]/ vf]nfd} kvf{n nufPsf] :yfgLon] atfP . !* ld6/sf] vf]nfnfO{ % ld6/ sfod ub{} sDkgLn] vf]nfd} jfn lgdf{0f u/]sf] xf] . ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt x'Fb} ;+oGq dfkm{t lgdf{0f cg'dlt kfPsf] sDkgLn] vf]nf] ldr]sf] ljifon] k|fyldstf kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . cem sDkgL pb\3f6gsf] s]lx lbg cl3 pu|r08L ufpFkflnsf eg]/ lgdGq0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ # df kg{] pQm pBf]u sxfF k5{ ;d]t sDkgLnfO{ hfgsf/L gePsf] eGb} :yfgLon] cfnf]rgf u/] . jfn ;lxt vf]nfdf k'n lgdf{0f u/L vf]nf dfyL g} pBf]usf] u]6 lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . k|fs[lts ;DkbfnfO{ ldr]/ pBf]u lgdf{0f ug{] sDkgLsf] x]kfxf k|j[lQ cGTo ug{ / vf]nf ;+/If0f ug{ :yfgLon] j8f sfof{nonfO{ cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqLsf aStAo klxNo} k|wfgdGqL sfo{qmd :yndf gk:b} k|wfgdGqLsf] dGtAo ;lxtsf] krf{ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . kmfu'g ! ut] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] sfo{qmddf df3 @( ut] g} k|wfgdGqL nufotsf cltyLx?n] dGtAo /fv]sf] eGb} krf{ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

w'lnv]n÷a'8f]n ;fd'bflos art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ag]kf ^ n] w'lnv]n a;kfs{df ;]jf s]Gb| z'ef/De u/]sf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] ;+rfns / sd{rf/Lx?sf nflu dfq} ;xsf/L gagL ;du| z]o/ ;b:ox?sf nflu ;xsf/Ln] sfd ug{' kg{] atfP . …d'n'ssf] ;du| kl/jt{g / cfly{s ;Dj[4Lsf nflu ;xsf/L ;+rfng x'g' k5{Ú–gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] eg]–…ul/jL lgjf/0f / pGd'ng ug{ /fli6«o cy{tGqdf km8\sf] dfg{ ;xsf/Lx?n] cem} ;s]sf 5}gg .Ú lhl8kLdf !=& k|ltzt of]ubfg b]lvPsf] ;xsf/Lx?n] art tyf C0f nufgL dfq} gu/L pTkfbgsf] If]qdf nufgL ug{' kg{] atfP . gofF ;b:ox?nfO{ dfofsf] lrgf] / k'/fgf ;b:ox?nfO{ ljz]if ;'ljwf ;lxt dfofsf] lrgf] k|bfg u/]/ pb\3f6gsf] cj;/df ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/Psf]

lyof] .

cWoIf /fdx/L s];Ln] ;w} AolQmsf] sdfO{ x'Fb}g, sdfPsf] ;dodf art ug{] / sdfO{ gx'Fbf vr{ ug{ ;xsf/L dxTjk"0f{ ePsf] atfP . sdfpg], art ug{ l;sfpg] / ;b:osf] cfly{s cj:yf ;'b[9 u/L ;Dj[4 agfpg] cleofgdf a'8f]n ;fsf]; nfUg' kg{] atfP . pTkfbgd'ns ;xsf/L :yfkgf x'g g;s]sfn] lgof{t a9fpg, pTkfbg ug{ / pTkfbg d' n s If] q df nufgL ug{ ;b:ox?nfO{ k|]l/t ul/Psf] cWoIf s];Ln] atfP . sfo{qmddf pkfWoIf w|'j{axfb'/ e'h]nn] ;+:yfsf ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . sfo{sf/L clws[t /fds[i0f /fon] ;xsf/Ln] ul//x]sf] k|ultsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . a'8f]n ;fsf];df em08} !^ xhf/ ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . # ;o ^# lbg v'Nnf /xg] ;xsf/Ldf !! k|sf/sf art / !@ k|sf/sf C0f 5g\ . (% s/f]8sf] ;DktL /x]sf] ;xsf/L @)%( ;fn b]lv PS;]; a|f08df ;xeflu x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

kgf}tL sk % g+ j8fnfO{

kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsf, lj>fd ;dfh / dfg]Zj/L Uf'ksf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgf tyf /f]6/L Sna ckm kgf}tLsf] ;xsfo{df ePsf] /f]zL ;fsf]; kgf}tL sk km'6an k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw kgf}tL j8f g+ % n] xft kf/]sf] 5 . j8f:t/Lo v]ndf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf !@ j6f l6dsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . kgf}tLsf] lgdf{0ffwLg /+uzfnfdf zlgaf/ ;DkGg ePsf] kgf}tL j8f g+ % / & aLrsf] v]ndf % g+ j8fn] @–) n] lahoL ePsf] 5 . kgf}tLsf] km'6an k'ghf{u/0f ug]{, ljjflbt If]lqo /+uzfnf lgdf{0fsf nflu ;sf/fTds bjfa l;h{gf ug{ sl/a % aif{kl5 pQm k|ltof]lutf df3 !( b]lv df3 @^ ;Dd cfof]hgf ePsf] lyof] . g]kfn ;/sf/sf k|jQmf tyf ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|lalw dlGq uf]s'n afF:sf]6fn] pb\3f6g u/]sf pQm k|ltof]lutfsf] ;dfkg kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v eLd Gof}kfg]n] u/]sf lyP . Gof}kfg] kgf}tL sk cfufdL jif{df klg lg/Gt/tf lbg] atfP . v]n cfkm}df cg'zf;Lt xf],

To;}n] kgf}tLsf o'jfx? cg'zfl;t eP/ v]n ;DkGg u/fPsf]df wGoafb lbPsf lyP . kgf}tL /+uzfnf kgf}tLsf] dfq} geP/ lhNnfs} uf}/asf] of]hgf ePsfn] s;}n] klg /f]Sg g;Sg] atfP . k|ltof]lutfdf lahoL l6dnfO{ d]8n / 6«kmL ;lxt gub ? %! xhf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] pklah]tfnfO{ d]8n, 6«kmL ;lxt gub ? #)xhf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fy} pTs[i6 v]nf8L kgf}tL–& sf cflzif h+udnfO{ 6«kmL / gub ? & xhf/ %, ;jf{lws uf]nstf{ kgf}tL–% sf ;flxn s];LnfO{ uf]N8]ga'6 / gub ? % xhf/ tyf pTs[i6 uf]n lsk/ kgf}tL–% s k]df df]QmfgnfO{ 6«kmL / gub ? # xhf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . o:t} kgf}tLdf hlGdP/ /fli6«o / P l8lehg v]Ng] v]nf8LnfO{ ;Ddfg ;d]t ul/Psf] lj>fd ;dfhsf cWoIf 8f=/fh]Gb| tfd|fsf/n] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP . k|ltof]lutf ;dfkg lj>fd ;dfhsf cWoIf 8f /fh]Gb| tfd|fsf/sf]

k|lzIffyL{ sd{rf/L cfjZostf o; l5d]sL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q kgf}tL gu/kfflnsfdf ahf/Ls/0f hg;Dks{ sfo{sf nfuL k|lzIffyL{ sd{rf/L cfjZos ePsfn] lgGg of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's JolQmx?nfO{ b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . kb M– k|lzIffyL{ sd{rf/L cfjZos ;++Vof M– s]xL Go'gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf M– S.L.C/S.E.E. lgo'lQmsf] lsl;d M– s/f/ kl/Iff M– cGt/jftf{ kfl/>lds M– ;+:yfn] tf]s]cg';f/ cfjZos sfuhft M– z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0f kqx? , gful/stfsf] k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnlk, @ k|lt kmf]6f] ;lxt ;+:yfdf cfkm} pkl:yt eO{ lglb{i6 kmf/fd e/]/ k]z ug'{kg]{5 . b/vf:t k]z ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt M– @)&% kmfu'g ( ut] k|aGws

l5d]sL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=kgf}tL –$, Hofnflr6Ldfu{ ;Dks{ g+= )!! –$$)*(*

>L ;ftd"n dfWolds ljBfno gdf]a'4–%, af]xf]/], sfe]|knf~rf]s

lzIfs cfjZostf

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd @))(

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.!).!%

:j= s[i0fs'df/L xdfn o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf z]o/ ;b:o s[i0fs'df/L xdfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

/fh' du/, cWoIf tyf hghfu[lt t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, w'lnv]n

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

o; ljBfnonfO{ tkl;ndf pNn]lvt lzIfs cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's of]Uotf k'u]sf g]kfnL gful/sx?af6 !* jif{ k"/f e} $) jif{ ggf3]sf pDd]bjf/x?af6 l/tk"j{s ljBfnodf b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . tkl;n kb M k|flz t[tLo >]0fL lsl;d M s/f/ cfjZos ;+Vof M !

Go'gtd of]Uotf M lzIff ;+sfo ljifodf !)±@ b/vf:t b:t'/ M ?= !)))÷– tna :s]n M g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|rlnt lgodfg';f/ b/vf:t lbg] :yfg M ljBfno b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&%.!).@% b]lv @)&%.!!.@-s/f/sf nflu_ @)&%.!!.#–@)&%.!!.!) -v'Nnfsf nflu_ ;Dks{ ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltsf] lbg tf]lsg]5 . k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{ jf~5gLo of]Uotf M dflyNnf] z}lIfs of]Uotf tyf cg'ej ePsf] cfjZos sfuhkq != g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk @= z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk #= cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk $= lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk gf]6 M ldlt @)&%.!).* ut] ul/Psf] lzIfs cfjZostf lj1fkgsf] k|f=lz= t[tLo >]0fLsf] ;]jf s/f/ kbsf nflu ul/Psf] lj1fkgdf kof{Kt lgj]bg gk/]sf] x'gfn] @)&%.!!.% ;Dd Dofb yk ul/Psf] hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu (*$!!)$)$!, (*$!^^*&&(

hGd !(()

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.!).@@

:j= dl;gL tfdfª o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf ;lrj k[YjLdfg tfdfª, z]o/ ;b:o /fhdfg tfdfª, s[i0fdfg tfdfªsf] ddtfdoL dftf tyf z]o/ ;b:o km'ndfof tfdfª, wgdfof tfdfª, C0f cg'udg pk;ldlt ;b:o ;~h' tfdfªsf] ddtfdoL ;f;'cfdf Pj+ o; ;+:yf ln=sf z]o/ ;b:o dl;gL tfdfªsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

/fh' du/, cWoIf tyf hghfu[lt t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, w'lnv]n

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+ !) / !! sf ;xsf/Lsf] e]nf

jif{ @% c+s !% @)&% kmfNu'g @ ut] ljxLjf/

hGd !((^ r}q

ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsf !) / !! g+ j8fdf /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] e]nf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . j8f leq /x]/ sf/f]af/ ug{] ;xsf/Lx?sf] e]nf u/L ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ gu/kflnsfdf ;'lrs[t x'g cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 . e]nfsf] pb\3f6g gu/kflnsf gu/ k|d'v nIdL g/l;+ afb]n] u/]sf lyP . jfb]n] e]nf nfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{] :yflgo tx cGt{ut ;xsf/Lx? /xg] ePsfn] :yflgo txsf] sfg'g cg';f/ ;~rfng ug{ cfu|x u/]sf lyP . gu/kflnsfn] ;xsf/L P]g @)&% hf/L ul/;s]sf] x'bfF ;f]lx cg';f/ dfq ;~rfng ug{ ;xsf/Lx/nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf lyP . ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ gu/kflnsfn] lgu/fgL dfq gug{] sfg'g eGbf tndfly ePdf sfjf{lx ;d]t ul/g] afb]n] atfP . gu/kflnsfn] ;xsf/Lx?sf] ;'b[9 ug{], ljsf; ug{], ;b:ox?nfO{ s;/L cfTdlge{/

agfpg], cfly{s :t/ s;/L psf:g] eGg] tkm{ nfUg / pQm sfo{ ug{ gu/kflnsf ;w} ;xof]uL aGg] ;d]t atfP . ;xsf/L ;xsf/L lar ;dGjo u/L gu/kflnsfdf ;'lrs[t u/L ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ tflnd nufot x/ s'/df gu/kflnsfn] ;xof]u ug{] atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;xsf/L Aoa:yfkg ;ldtLsf ;+of]hs ;fu/ skfnL, ;xsf/L laefu zfvf k|d'v tyf gkfsf al/i7 /fhZj k|d'v w'j{/fh g]kfn, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 ln=sf tflnd ;+of]hs /lj s];L nufotsf AolQmx?n] ;xsf/Lsf af/]df dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . ;xsf/Lsf] e]nfn] cho xd'fufOs { f] ;o+fh ] sdf ;xsf/L Aoa:yfkg ;ldlt rog u/s ] f] 5 . sfoq{md agk]f gu/kflnsf j8f !) sf j8f cWoIf rGb| axfb/' v8s \ fsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

:juf{/f]x0f @)&% df3 @*

hGd @))^.#.!@

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.(.!%

:j= ef]hs'df/L ltdlN;gf

:j= ljdn l;s' >]i7

xfd|L dfOnL cfdf ef]hs'df/L ltdlN;gfsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]sfs'n kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

o; ljBfnosf k"j{ k|wfgfWofks ljdn l;s' >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] $% cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]sfs'n kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

lji0f'k|;fb ltdlN;gf s]zjk|;fb ltdlN;gf uf]kfnk|;fb ltdlN;gf

cf]dk|;fb ltdlN;gf s]bf/k|;fb ltdlN;gf /fhs'df/ ltdlN;gf

rdg sfo:y

k'sf/ s0f{lht

cWoIf

;Dk"0f{ ltdlN;gf kl/jf/

k|wfgfWofks

>L lzIff ;bg df=lj= kl/jf/ ag]kf *, nfos', sfe|]

9'+vs{, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd @)!$

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.!).@)

:j= ab|Lk|;fb ;fksf]6f

o; ;+:yfsf z]o/ ;b:o /flwsf ;fksf]6fsf] klt tyf nId0f ;fksf]6fsf] k"hgLo lktf, uLtf ;fksf]6fsf] ;;'/f Pjd\ ;+:yfsf %& g+= z]o/ ;b:o alb|k|;fb ;fksf]6fsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]n] lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

k|lbk ;fksf]6f cWoIf Pj+

>L km"nrf]sL ;fsf]; kl/jf/ kgf}tL, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @))!

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @))& d+;L/

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&%.!).@#

hGd @)!&.&.!#

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&%.!).@@

:j= kljqf l3ld/]

:j= sf}lzNofs'df/L l3ld/]

g]skfsf ;+ul7t ;b:ox? nId0f, uf]kfn / s'df/ l3ld/]sf] ddtfdoL dftf kljqf l3ld/s ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

o; ;d"xsf ;b:oåo /fhg l3ld/] / xl/k|;fb l3ld/]sf] ddtfdoL dftf sf}lzNofs'df/L l3ld/s ] f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

s]zj x'dfufO{

lji0f'k|;fb ;fksf]6f

;+of]hs ;+of]hs g]skf kgf}tL gu/ @ g+= g]skf kgf}tL gu/ # g+= j8f sld6L kl/jf/ j8f sld6L kl/jf/ s'zfb]jL, sfe|]

7fs'/ ahufO{

u0f]zrf]s k/f]ksf/ ;d"x kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

d]g'sf n]l8h 6]n;{ P08 s:d]l6s k;n, ag]kf, sfe|]

>4f ;'dg lbj+ut @)&%.!).@%

lb= /Tgnfn dfgGw/ o; l;l4 u0f]z k'rMsf ;b:o pQd vou'nL dfgGw/sf] k"hgLo lktf /Tgnfn dfgGw/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] o; b'Mvb\ 38Ldf ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/nfO{ clgTo b'Mv / cgfTd zf]efj wd{nfO{ ;DemL a'emL w}o{wf/0f ug{ ;s"g\ elg k|fy{gf ub{} lbj+ut x'g'ePsfnfO{ ;'ult k|flKtsf nflu sfdgf ub{} k'0ofg'df]bg ub{5f}+ .

lzjs'df/ /+lhtsf/ xl/nfn dfgGw/ u+uf/fd dfgGw/ cfOtgf/fo0f dfgGw/ /fdk|;fb jf;' dfgGw/ 6+sk|;fb dfgGw/

d]g'sf ltdlN;gf

clgRrfjt ;+v/f pKkb\bjo\ wlDdgf] Û pklHhTjf lg?HemlGt t];+pk:;df] ;'vf] ÛÛ

>4f ;'dg

hutgf/fo0f dfgGw/ ;'j0f{ dfgGw/ ZofdsfhL dfgGw/ ;'o{s'df/ /+lhtsf/ a'4s'df/ /+lhtsf/

:j= wgs'df/L /fgfdu/ d]/f cfTdLo ldq /l;gf /fgfdu/sf] ddtfdoL ;f;'cfdf wgs'df/L /fgfdu/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] !# cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

k|f]kfO6/ tyf

cWoIf tyf

clgRrfjt ;+v/f pKkb\bjo\ wlDdgf] Û pklHhTjf lg?HemlGt t];+pk:;df] ;'vf] ÛÛ

hGd M !((!.(.&

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.!).!(

s[i0f k|;fb dfgGw/ k|bLk dfgGw/ pQdsfhL dfgGw/ nIdL dfgGw/ uf}td dfgGw/

l;l4 u0f]z k'rM ag]kf, sfe|]

hGd M !((!.(.&

lbj+ut @)&%.!).@% lb= /Tgnfn dfgGw/

o; jf+Vo 1fgdfnf ehg vnMsf cfhLjg ;b:o tyf Joj:yfkg ;Nnfxsf/ pQd vou'nL dfgGw/sf] k"hgLo lktf Pj+ cfhLjg ;b:o tyf sfo{;ldlt ;b:o k"0f{nIdL dfgGw/sf] ;;'/f /Tgnfn dfgGw/sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] o; b'Mvb\ 38Ldf ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/nfO{ clgTo b'Mv / cgfTd zf]efj wd{nfO{ ;DemL a'emL w}o{wf/0f ug{ ;s"g\ elg k|fy{gf ub{} lbj+ut x'g'ePsfnfO{ ;'ult k|flKtsf nflu sfdgf ub{} k'0ofg'df]bg ub{5f}+ .

jf+VoM 1fgdfnf ehg vnM ag]kf, sfe|]

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @)#*.&.!(

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @)#*.&.!(

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&%.!).@#

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&%.!).@#

:j= lvnk|;fb -e'kfn_ bfxfn

:j= lvnk|;fb -e'kfn_ bfxfn

Go' lnl6n :6f/ O= :s"n d08g b]pk'/ & sf ;+:yfks lk|lG;kn lvnk|;fb -e'kfn_ bfxfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

Go' lnl6n :6f/ O= :s"n d08g b]pk'/ & sf ;+:yfks lk|lG;kn lvnk|;fb -e'kfn_ bfxfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

zflGtk|;fb kf}8]n

clDasf xdfn

o'uaxfb'/ kGt

cWoIf

cWoIf tyf

lk|lG;kn

Go" lnl6n :6f/ O·ln; :s"n kl/jf/ d08gb]pk'/ &, s'Gtfj]zL

>L k~rsGof dlxnf ljsf; ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=kl/jf/ d08gb]pk'/ (,nfs'/]3f6, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !(()

jif{ @% c+s !% @)&% kmfNu'g @ ut] ljxLjf/

8f= u0f]z aGhf/f

Aoj;flos n]o;{ c08fsf] cfsf/ / tf}n Egg size in commercial Layers n]o;{ s'v'/fsf] c08fsf] cfsf/sf] nflu j+zf0f'ut u'0fdf lge{/ ub{5 . o;sf ;fy ;fy} To; s'v'/fnfO{ /flvPsf] jftfj/0fn] c08fsf] cfsf/nfO{ c;/ ub{5 . j+zf0f'ut u'0f, zf/Ll/s tf}n Joj:yfkg, kf]if0f / k|sfzsf] pknAwtf ul/ $ tTjn] c08fsf] cfsf/ ;fgf] jf 7'nf] / c08fsf] tf}nnfO{ sd jf a9L x'g d2t ub{5 . oL $ tTjx?nfO{ c08fsf] cfsf/ lge{/ u/fpg] vDa.sf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . !_ j+zf0f'ut u'0f M nueu $) k|ltzt c08fsf] cfsf/sf] u'0f j+zf0f'ut x'G5 eg] nueu ^) k|ltzt kf]if0f / Joj:yfkgdf kb{5 . @_ zf/Ll/s tf}n M pd]/ cg';f/sf] zf/Ll/s tf}nn] klg s'v'/fsf] j[l4 ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5 . pd]/ cg';f/ tf}n ePsf] s'v'/fn] pTkfbg cjlwdf w]/} c08f kfb{5 . zf/Ll/s tf}n pko'Qm x'gnfO{ w]/} s'/fx?df e/ kb{5 . h:t} 7'8 sf6]sf] cj:yf, EoflS;g];g, :tfGt/0f, /f]ux?sf] hf]lvd, k|sfz Joj:yfkg, kof{Kt 7fpFsf] Aoj:yf / kf]if0f /xG5g . To;}n] pko'Qm c08fsf] cfsf/ / tf}n n]/fpgsf] nflu pko'Qm zf/Ll/s tf}n x'g cfjZos kb{5 .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.!).@@

hGdM @)#*.&.!(

:j= dl;gL tfdfª g]skf w'lnv]n gu/ sld6Lsf ;+ul7t ;b:ox? k[YjLdfg, s[i0fdfg tfdfª tyf g]skfsf z'elrGts /fhdfg tfdfªsf ddtfdoL dftf tyf ;+ul7t ;b:o ;~h' tfdfªsf ddtfdoL ;f;'cfdf dl;gL tfdfªsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&%.!).@#

:j= lvnk|;fb -e'kfn_ bfxfn

Go' lnl6n :6f/ O= :s"n d08g b]pk'/ & sf ;+:yfks lk|lG;kn lvnk|;fb -e'kfn_ bfxfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

g]skf w'lnv]n gu/ sld6L kl/jf/ w'lnv]n, sfe|]

gf/fo0f nD;fn & g+= j8f cWoIf

emns k|= kf}8]n * g+= j8f cWoIf

l8s a= tfdf· ( g+= j8f cWoIf

d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsf kl/jf/ d08gb]pk'/, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGdM @)#*.&.!(

kf]N6«L ljz]if

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&%.!).@#

hGd @)%%.#.&

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.!).!*

:j= lvnk|;fb -e'kfn_ bfxfn

:j= wd{/fh ahufO{

s[i0fs'df/ >]i7 cWoIf

o; ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks ;b:o g]qk|;fb ahufO{sf ;'k'q wd{/fh ahufOs { f] cNkfo"d} c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

d08g b]pk'/ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/

af;'sL cIfo sf]if kl/jf/

o; ;+:yfsf z]o/ ;b:o lvnk|;fb -e'kfn_ bfxfnsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

ag]kf g=kf= #, y'dfrf}/, sfe|]

d08gb]pk'/ &, s'Gtfj]zL, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !(()

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.!).@@

#_ kf]if0f M kf]if0fn] c08f pTkfbg tyf c08fsf] cfsf/ / tf}n pko'Qm n]/fpgsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5 . pko'Qm kf]if0fn] lglZrt zf/Ll/s tf}n n]/fpg d2t ub{5 / kf]if0f a9L ePdf zf/Ll/s tf}n lglZrt tf}n eGbf a9L x'g ;Sb5 . o; sf/0f s'v'/fnfO{ ljleGg pd]/df ljleGg dfqfdf kf]if0f tTj ePsf] bfgf lglZrt dfqfdf lbg cfjZos kb{5 . c08f pTkfbgsf] cjlwdf ljleGg kf]if0f tTj h:t} zlQm (Energy), ldy]of]lgg (Methionine), l;l:6g (Cystine), c? kfRo Pldgf] Pl;8 (Digestible Amino Acids), lngf]n]Os Pl;8 (Linoleic Acid) / ºof6n] (Fat) c;/ ub{5g . of] kf]if0f tTjsf] km/sn] c08fsf] cfsf/ ;fgf] jf 7"nf] aGgdf e/ kb{5 . bfgfdf ePsf] Pldgf] Pl;8 z/L/df /fd|f] ;+u pkof]u x'gsf] lglDt ;Gt'lnt k|f]l6gsf] kf]if0f x'g cfjZos kb{5 . ;Gt'lnt k|f]l6g gePdf Pldgf] Pl;8 zl//n] k|efjsf/L ?kdf lng ;Sb}g / c08fsf] cfsf/ ;fgf] x'G5 . c08fsf] cfsf/ /fd|f] / c08fsf] u'0f klg /fd|f] x'gsf] nflu ldy]of]lgg / nfOl;g cg'kft $&=!)) x'g kb{5 . o; eGbf c? Pldgf] Pl;8 nfOl;gsf] cg'kftdf ;Gt'lnt ?kdf k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 . #) xKtf k5fl8-pRr pTkfbg kZrft_ c08fsf] cfsf/ 7"nf] cfPdf / af]qmf s8f gePdf dfly pNn]lvt Pldgf] Pl;8sf] dfqf sd u/fpg' kb{5 . c08fsf] cfsf/ / tf}n km/s kg'{df bfgf v'jfpg] k4ltdf klg e/ kb{5 . bfgfsf] ;fOh, kfgL vkt, kfgLsf] tfkqmd / bfgfsf] kl/df0f cflbn] b}lgs bfgfsf] vkt / kf]if0f tTj pknAw x'g e/ kb{5 . lx6 :6«];sf] a]nf c08fsf] tf}n 365 . ## l8u|L ;]lG6u|]6 eGbf dfly (Thermoneutral Zone) s'v'/fn] bfgfsf] vkt sd ub{5 . bfgfsf] vkt sd x'bf k|f]l6g / OghL{ klg z/L/df sd eO{ c08fsf] tf}n 36\5 . o:tf] a]nf bfgfsf] kmd{'n];g kl/jt{g ul/ s'v'/fnfO{ rfOg] pko'Qm kf]if0f tTj pknAw u/fpg' k5{ . $_ k|sfz Joj:yfkg s'v'/fx? k|sfz;Fu w]/} ;+j]bgzLn x'G5g h;df lbgsf] pHofnf] / s[lqd k|sfz kb{5g . k|sfzn] c08fsf] tf}n, c08fsf] ;fOhsf ;fy} c08f pTkfbgdf k|ToIf e"ldsf v]Nb5 . x's{bf] s'v'/fnfO{ hlt yf]/} k|sfz lbof] TotL g} s'v'/f l9nf jo:s x'G5 . s'v'/fsf] x's{b} u/]sf] tf}n klg pko'Qm cfpF5/ kl5 c08f pTkfbgsf] ;dodf c08fsf] tf}n klg pko'Qm cfp5 . olb x's{b} u/]sf] s'v'/fnfO{ w]/} k|sfz lbPdf s'v'/f rf8f] jo:s eO{ ;fgf] c08f pTkfbg x'G5 . zf/Ll/s tf}n / k|sfz lbg] ;dosf] Ps cfk;df cGt/;DaGw /xL logLx?n] c08fsf] tf}n pko'Qm cfpg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5g . To;}n] k|sfz pknAw u/fpbf s'v'/fx?sf] lglZrg tf}n cfPsf] gcfPsf] Plsg ug'{ kb{5 cGoyf xn'sf s'v'/fx?nfO{ rf8} b]lv k|sfz lbPdf s'v'/fx? rf8f] jo:s eO ;fgf] cfsf/ ;+u} sd tf}n ePsf] c08f pTkfbg ub{5g . Pp6f s'v'/fn] lglZrt Egg Mass pTkfbg ub{5 / c08fsf] tf}n 36a9 ePdf c08fsf] kl/df0fdf klg 36a9 x'g ;Sb5 . n]o;{ c08fsf] cfsf/ 7'nf] agfpg ul/g] Joj:yfkg • n]o;{ /fVbf 7"nf] ;fOhsf] c08f lbg] n]o;{ s'v'/f /fVg' k5{ .

• !@ xKtfsf] pd]/ ;Dd sd k|sfz -!) 306f_ pknAw u/fpg' k5{ .

• pTkflbt sDkgLn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] jo:s pd]/sf] tf}n kZrft k|sfz pknAw u/fpg' k5{ .

• ldy]of]lgg÷l;l:6gsf] dfqf ldnfpg' k5{ .

• ldy]of]lgg÷ l;l:6gsf] nfOl;g ;+usf] cg'kft () k|ltzt eGbf a9L u/fpg' k5{ .

• lngf]n]Os Pl;8n] (Linoleic Acid) c08fsf] cfsf/ a9fp5 . !=% u|fd lngf]n]Os Pl;8 k|lt s'v'/f k|lt lbg cfjZos kb{5 . e6df;sf] t]ndf (Linoleic Acid) sf] dfqf a9L kfOG5 .

• bfgfdf lrNnf] kbfy{sf] dfqf a9fpg' k5{ . (Linoleic Acid) sf] dfqf hlt g} lrNnf] kbfy{ bfgfdf k|of]u x'bf 7"nf] cfsf/sf] c08f pTkfbg x'G5 . n]o;{ c08fsf] cfsf/ ;fgf] agfpg ul/g] Joj:yfkg • k|sfz Joj:yfkgdf k|sfz sd lbg ;lsG5 .

• xn'sf s'v'/f x's{b} ubf{ k|sfz a9L lbg ;lsG5 .

• zlQm lbg] kf]if0f tTj w]/} dfqfdf 36fpg ;lsG5 .

• ldy]of]lgg÷l;l:6g, nfOl;gsf] (Lysine) t'ngfdf *$ k|ltzt eGbf sd u/fpg] . o;/L 36fpbf lj:tf/} 36fpg] tfls pTkflbt c08fsf] cg'kftdf x|f; cfpg lbb}g .

• kfRo Pldgf] Pl;8sf] dfqf sd u/fpg ;lsG5 . ldy]of]lgg / l;l:6g dfq geO ;a} Pldgf] Pl;8sf] dfqf 36fPdf c08f ;fgf] cfsf/ / sd tf}nsf] pTkfbg x'G5 .

• lngf]n]Os Pl;8 )=% u|fd k|lt lbg k|lt s'v'/fnfO{ v'jfpbf c08fsf] tf}n sd / cfsf/ ;fgf] x'G5 .

l8lehg jg sfof{no w'lnv]n sfe|]knf~rf]ssf]

k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DjGwL ;"rgf :j= dl;gL tfdfª w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:o ;~h' tfdfªsf ddtfdoL ;f;'cfdf tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf @)%$ ;fnsf hgk|ltlglw s[i0fdfg tfdfªsf ddtfdoL dftf dl;gL tfdfªsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

tf/fgfy n'O“6]n

ljdnfs'df/L zdf{

czf]ss'df/ Jof~h"

k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t

pkk|d'v

k|d'v

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf sfof{no kl/jf/ w'lnv]n, sfe|]

o; sfof{nosf] rfn' cf=j= @)&%.)&^ sf] :jLs[t hl8a'6L ljsf; sfo{qmd cGtu{t hl8a'6L v]tL lj:tf/, hl8a'6L k|;f]wg, e08f/0f tyf ahfl/s0f ;DjGwL sfo{qmdx? u}x|sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ Jofj;foL ;+3 ;+:yfx?, ;xsf/L, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, sa'lnotL jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x dfk{mt ;+rfng ug{ cfhsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq ;f] ;DjGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{ of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf]5 . ;f]sf] lj:t[t ;"rgf l8lehg sfof{nosf ;fy} lh=k|zf;g, lh=;=;, sf]=n]=lg=sf=, ;j–l8lehg jg sfof{nox?, w''=p=jf=;+3, ;f=j=p=dxf;+3, g=kf= tyf uf=kf= sf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf 6fF; ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] ;DjGwL yk hfgsf/Lsf] nflu l8lehg jg sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg cg'/f]w 5 .

;Dk{s ;=j=c= Gx'5] s[i0f >]i7 -(*%!@@!!&# l8lehg jg sfof{no, -)!!–$()!&%_

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

r08Z]j/L dfljsf] &! cf} aflifs { fT];j

r08]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno ag]kf $ gfnfsf] &! cf} aflif{sf]T;j, ;/:jtL k"hf, cleefjs lbj; tyf sIff !@ ptL0f{ ljBfyL{x?sf] ljbfO{ / lj1fg k|bz{gL cfof]hgf sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb]n] ;f]w]sf k|Zgdf ljBfyL{x?n] pQ/ lbPsf 5g\ . sIff *, ( / !) sf ljBfyLx{?n] k:'tsdf cWoog u/s ] f lj1fgsf ljifoa:tn ' fO{ Aojxf/d} ptfg]{ u/L ljBfnodf bO'{ lbg] lj1fg kb|zg{L cfofh ] gf ul/Psf] lyof] . kb|z { gLdf hl8a6'L ;DjGwL :6n /fvs ] f sIff ( df cWoog/t s?0ff l3dL/] / lgzf tfdfªn] agk]f gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb]nfO{ kb|zg{Ldf ;fl]wPsf kZ|gsf] ;l6s hjfkm lbPsf lyP . …of] hl8a6'Lx? s;/L ko|fu] ug,{] ko|fu] ubf{ s] kmfOb{f xG'5 <Ú–gu/ kd|v ' afbn ] ] eg–]…;G'tnfsf] afq]mf ;s ' fP/ vfbFf s] xG'5 <Ú–ljBfyL{ s?0ffn] elgg–\…;G'tnfsf] afq]mfn] k6] ;kmf ug]{ / kvfnf nfUbf vfof] eg] sd xG'5 .Ú sflndG'6,] afe]mf,] c;/'f,] cljhfnf,] lgdsf7, sl'/nf,] ;G'tnfsf] afq]mf, tn ' ;Lsf] kft, ;okqLsf] kmn ' , cnr } L, bfnlrgL, ;s ' d'n ] , hfOk{mn nufotsf a:tx'?n] AolQmsf] z/L/df kmfOb{f k¥'ofpg] ePsfn] dfqf cg;'f/ lbgxF' ko|fu] ug{ ;e'mfj lbPsf lyP . gu/ kd|v ' afbn ] ] ljBfyLx{?n] of] ljifodf s;/L hfgsf/L kf|Kt u/s ] f] lh1f;f /fvs ] f lyP . …xfdLn] ;a} s/'f cWoog u¥of+} t/ Aojxf/df clxn] kb|zg{L dfkmt{ cleefjs /

;/fs ] f/jfnfx?nfO{ bv ] fpg] hdsf]{ u/s ] f xf+} .Ú kb|zg{Ldf ljBfyLx{?sf #! j6f :6nx? /flvPsf lyP . kb|zg{Ldf kb|z ] ;ef ;b:o a;G'w/f xd'fufO,{ agk]f gu/kflnsf kd|v ' nIdLg/l;+ afb,] agk]f gu/kflnsfsf kd|v ' kz | f;sLo clwst[ efh ] /fh l3ld/,] j8f cWoIfx? Zofd >i]7, si[0fk;|fb bfxfn, xl/z/0f l3dL/,] ljleGg ljBfnosf lzIfsx?, ljBfyLx{?, cleefjsx?sf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] lyof] . ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf Zofd >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg &! cf} aflif{sf]T;j sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|b]z ;ef ;b:o a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{n] d'n'ssf] ljsf; / ;Dj[4Lsf nflu ljBfyL{x?nfO{ Aojxf/Ls lzIff cfjZos ePsf] atfP . ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?sf] u'0f:t/ a[4Lsf nflu cleefjs / lzIfsx? b'\a}n] Wofg lbg' kg{] ;f+;b x'dfufO{n] atfP . sfo{qmddf gu/kflnsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb] >]i7n] gu/sf] lzIff gLlt cg';f/ ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?sf] u'0f:t/ clea[4L ub{} ljBfyL{x?sf] z}lIfs cEof;nfO{ cem} a9fpg gu/kflnsfn] ;xof]u ug{] atfPsf lyP . cWoog u/]sf] ljifonfO{ Aojxf/d} ptfg{ ljBfyL{x?sf] k|bz{gLn] xf};nf ldNg] gu/ k|d'v afb]n] atfP . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf kw|fgfWofks /fhG]bs | d'f/ ahfr { fon { ] ljBfnosf] aflifs { ku|lt kl|tjb]g k:|tt' u/s ] f lyP . sIff !@ plQ0f{ ljBfyLx{?nfO{ ;fl]x cj;/df ljbfO{ ul/Psf] lyof] .

jif{ @% c+s !% @)&% kmfNu'g @ ut] ljxLjf/

d'jf yfO{ ;+3sf] k|b]z :t/Lo w'lnv]n gu/ ultljlw k|ltof]lutf z'qmaf/ b]lv of}ghGo lx+;f Go"gLs/0f ug{ cGt{lqmof

ag]kf÷sfe|] lhNnf d'jf yfO{ ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf ef]nL b]lv b'O{ lbg] t]dfn ufpFkflnsfdf k|b]z :t/Lo k|yd d'jf yfO{ k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . ljleGg k|ltof]lutfx?df efu lnP/ ljh]tf aGb} cfPsf] sfe|] lhNnf d'jf yfO{ ;+3n] k|b]z :t/Lo k|ltof]lutfdf ^) l6dsf] ;xeflutf /xg] 5 . v]nf8Lx?sf] ljdf ;lxtsf] k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/Psfn] k|ltof]lutfsf] nfut em08} !@ nfv ?k}of nfUg] cWoIf ah| nfdfn] atfP . k|ltof]lutfdf k'?iftkm{ $* s]hL b]lv %! s]hL;Dd / dlxnf tkm{ %! s]hL tf}n;

;d'xdf k|lt:kwf{ x'g]5 . k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd x'g]n] gub !% xhf/, d]8n / k|df0fkq k|fKt ug{]5g\ . bf]>f] x'g]n] !) xhf/ / t]>f x'g] @ hgfn] gub %÷% xhf/, d]8n / k|df0fkq k|fKt ug{]5g\ . v'Nfn tf}n ;d'xdf jfg e;{]h jfg k|lt:kwf{ x'g]5 . ;xeflu ;a} v]nf8Lx?sf] ljdf u/fO{Psf] 5 . t]dfnsf] kf]v/Lgf/fo0f:yfgdf x'g] sfo{qmddf k|b]z :t/sf ;a} lhNnfsf v]nf8Lx?sf] ;xeflutf /xg]5 . kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pkfWoIf /fx'nf nfdf, ;lrj k|tfk l;+ nfdf, ;b:ox?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

lkk'N; ;fsf];sf] cWoog cjnf]sg e|d0f ;DkGg

ag]kf÷ lkk'N; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] ;xsf/L lzIff tyf ;dfh sNof0f pk–;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf ut zlgjf/ >L/fdkf6L, kfr F vfn, sfe|] l:yt xfO{ lxdfnog g;{/L P08 Pu|f] kmfd{df ljljw cWoog cjnf]sg sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf sfo{;ldlt, n]vf ;ldlt, cfof]hs pk–;ldlt, cGo pk –;ldlt tyf sd{rf/L / ;b:ox?sf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmd klxnf] r/0fdf k|lzIf0fdf kZrft k|lzIfsaf6 ;xlhs/0f ub}{ s[lif tyf kz'kfng rqm af/] hfgsf/L u/L ljleGg hftsf av|f, s'v'/f, ufO{, df5fkfng, t/sf/L v]tL tyf af]6 lj?jf cflbsf] k|ToIf cjnf]s0f u/L ljleGg lh1f;fsf] ;dfwfg ul/Psf] lyof] . cjnf]sg sfo{qmddf ljzfQm /lxt pTkfbg, Joj;flos s[lif pTkfbg u/L cTdlge{/tf u/fpg], v]/ hfg] s[lif pkhsf] k'gM k|of]u tyf sf};L v]tL Pj+ s/];faf/Ldf ;d]t cuf{lgs

pTkfbg u/L pkef]u u/fpg' /x]sf] lyof] . cjnf]sg ;dfkg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ;+:yfsf k|aGws gj/fh ;fksf]6fn] u/]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf jQmfx? qmdzM pk–;ldlt ;+of]hs /lhj >]i7, kmd{sf ;+rfns lzj s[i0f k|hfktL / cWoIf gj/fh s]=;L=af6 cjnf]sg dxTj dfly k|sfz kfb}{ ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj cGt{ut o:t} sfo{qmd, Joj;flos tyf lzkd"ns tflndx? cfof]hgf ub}{ hfg] of]hgf /x]sf] hfgsf/L lbP . cuf{lgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbb} ahf/Ls/0fdf ;xhLs/0f ug]{ pb\3f]if ;d]t kmfd{ ;+rfnsaf6 ePsf] lyof] . cGtdf sfo{qmd ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg u/fpg' x'g] pkl:yt ;Dk"0f{df Pj+ kmfd{ Joj:yfkg k|lt wGojfb 1fkg ub}{ ;dfkg ;df/f]xsf ;efklt tyf ;+:yfsf cWoIfaf6 kmd{sf ;+rfnsnfO{ dfofsf] lrgf] x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

w'lnv]n÷afnaflnsf dfyL x'g] zfl//Ls dfgl;s b08 ;hfoF tyf of}g hGo lx+;f b'Ao{jxf/ Go"lgs/0f ;DjGwL cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd w'lnsv]n gu/kflnsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] ljBfno txdf x'g] tyf 3/ kl/jf/ / ;dfhdf x'g] lx+;f Go"lgs/0fsf nflu ;a} kIf ;r]t x'g'kg{] atfP . lzz' sIffsf lzlIfsfx?, afn Snjsf ;b:ox? tyf kbflwsf/Lx?, afnaflnsf If]qdf sfd ug{] ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?, kqsf/ tyf ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] sfo{qmddf o'lg;]kmsL k|ltlglw k|ltdf zdf{n] ;xhLs/0f u/]sL lyO{g\ . lzz' sIffsf lzlIfsfx?n] gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h';Fu ljBnfodf lzz' sIffsf nflu ePsf ;d:ofsf af/]df u'gf;f /fv]sf lyP . kfl/>dLs sd ePsf], tflnd gePsf], z}lIfs tyf v]ns'b ;fdfu|Lx? gePsf], kf]zfs gePsf], v]n d}bfg gePsf], lzz' sIffsf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ vfhf cefj /x]sf], gLlh If]qsf ljBfnox?af6 ;fd'bflosdf cfs{if0f ug{ g;lsPsf] atfPsf lyP . gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] lzlIfsfx?sf] dfl;s ! xhf/ eQf ylklbg], kf]zfs eQf pknAw u/fpg] / lzz' sIffx?sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wfg{ cfjZos u[xsfo{ eO{/x]sf] atfP . afnd}qL gu/ agfpg] cleofg /x]sfn] afnaflnsfx?n] afn ;~hfn dfkm{t v]ns'b ;dfu|L lng / To;sf] ;b'kof]u ug{ gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] cfu|x u/] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v k|zfzlso clws[t tf/fgfy n'O{6]n, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, lzIff zfvfsf ef]hs'df/ 7s'/L, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf zfvfsL lgd{nf /fjn nufotn] sfo{qmdsf] ;Gb{edf hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . w'lnv]nnfO{ dlxnf / afnaflnsf d}qL gu/sf ?kdf cuf8L a9fpg] gu/kflnsfx?n] kl/ifb\x? dfkm{t sfo{ cuf8L a9fPsf] gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] atfP .

;fd'bflos ljBfnosf k|cx?;“u cGt{lqmof

;6/ ef8fdf rfFbgL ;lkË sDKn]S;df /x]sf] @ j6f ;6/ ef8fdf ;Dks{ M (*$(&!*^^@

xflb{s awfO{

xflb{s awfO{

r]i6f ;fKtflxssf /ofn]sf k"j{ ;+jfbbftf ;ljtf ;fksf]6fsf] lrtjg lgjf;L ljZjf; clwsf/L;Fu j}jflxs hLjgdf afFlwg'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ tyf bfDkTo hLjg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQmm ub{5f}+ .

d]/f cfTdLo ldq ;ljtf ;fksf]6fsf] lrtjg lgjf;L ljZjf; clwsf/L;Fu j}jflxs hLjgdf afFlwg'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ tyf bfDkTo hLjg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQmm ub{5f}+ .

w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf leqsf ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofksx?, ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf hgk|ltlglwx? aLr cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf gu/ leqsf ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?sf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ ug{ gu/kflnsfn] ug{' kg{] Aoj:yfkgsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpFb} :jo+ lzIfs / cleefjsn] v]Ng' kg{] e"ldsfsf af/]df ;r]t /xg cfu|x u/] . ljBfnodf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;+Vof 36\b} uPsf], lzIfsx?sf] cg'zf;g g/x]sf], cWofkg eGbf /fhgLltdf Wofg lbPsf] eGb} gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] tTsfn z}lIfs u'0f:t/

;'wf/ ug{ lgb{]zg lbP . sfo{qmddf pkk|d'v ljdnf zdf{, lzIff zfvfsf pk ;lrj lj/aaxfb'/ v8\sf, zfvfsf ef]hs'df/ 7s'/L, /fdz/0f ahufO{, j8f cWoIfx? lg/fhg h+ud, lji0f' lwtfn, j8f cWoIf /ljGb| sdf{rfo{, gu/ sfo{kflnsf ;b:o ;+lutf >]i7 tyf clwsf+z ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofksx? tyf ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf Pj+ kbflwsf/Lx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf lzIff;]jL /fdk|;fb clwsf/Ln] ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] u'0f:t/df lzIfs tyf cleefjs / gu/kflnsfn] v]Ng' kg{] e"ldsfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . gu/ leqsf] tYofÍsf af/]df zfvfsf ef]hs'df/ 7s'/Ln] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .

xflb{s awfO{

hd'gf ;fksf]6f

kgf}tL g=kf !, /ofn], sfe|]

xflb{s awfO{ o; j8fsf lzIff;]jL tyf uf]N8]g l;4fy{ Ps]8]dLsf ;+:yfks lk|lG;kn e/taxfb'/ s];L lghL tyf cfjfl;o dflj ljBfno cu{gfO{g]hzg -KofA;g_ sfe|]sf] !# cf}] lhNnf clwa]zgaf6 pkfWoIf kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{}{ sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

kgf}tL sk km'6an k|ltof]lutf @)&% df kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= % n] ‘kgf}tL sk’ pkflw xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ePsf]df ;Dk"0f{ v]nf8Lx?nfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{5f}+ .

/ljGb| sdf{rfo{ ;'gf d+u|flt dlxnf j8f ;b:o k'ik/fh sf]O/fnf j8f ;lrj

j8fcWoIf ;hgf kl/of/ dlxnf j8f ;b:o

>Lw/ pkfWofo s'O“s]n pQd k|= ltdlN;gf j8f ;b:o

k|]d a= sfsL{ j8f ;b:o

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf $ g+= j8f sfof{no kl/jf/, w'lnv]n, av'08f]n, sfe|]

j8f cWoIf

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf % g+= j8f sfof{no kl/jf/ kgf}tL, ;'AafufpF, sfe|]

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motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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The Selected

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find us at: www.facebook.com/the selected

oxfF h'Qf, rKkn, Hofs]6, lhG; kfOG6 nufot cGo km]G;L ;fdfgx? kfOG5 .

z/L/sf /f+} uGbf klg lrQ a'em]g lk|o >LdtLx?nfO{ P]z cf/fd, ;Dklt ;a} pknAw u/fpFbf klg k'Ubf] /x]g5 . vfF8L d'n'sdf $% l8u|L rsf{] 3fddf ufpF, kl/j]z b]z ljl;{P/ kl;gf aufof] otf >LdtLx? >Ldfgsf gfddf df]hdl:tdf Ao:t x'Fbf /x]5g\ . b'u{d ;'ud lhNnfsf] agf]6 g} o:t} 5 . s]nfO{ ;'ud dfGg] < ;8s, alQ, vfg]kfgL, ljh'nL, lzIff jf c? s'g} < d}n] b]V5' ;'ud dfG5]sf] r]tgf xf] . r]tgf eof] eg] h:tf];'s} ;+s6df klg dfG5] ;'vsf] cg'elt ug{ k'U5 . ;'vfg'e'tL ug{ kfpg' dfG5]sf nflu :ju{ eGbf 7'nf] s'/f xf] . x'g t dfG5] :ju{ / gs{sf] aofg u5{ . p;n] ef]u]/ cfPsf] t xf]O{g . wfld{s u|Gyx?df n]v]s} cfwf/df dfG5]n] cfkm\gf] ;[li6, ljZjf; / sd{ rnfO{/x]sf] 5 . To;d} dfG5] slxn] o'4 u5{ . slxn] ax; u5{ . slxn] Tolx u|Gy em'6f] eGb} lgx'F vf]H5 . wd{, kfksf s'/f u5{ . slno'udf wd{sf s'/f eGbf kfksf s'/f w]/} ;'lgG5g\ . dfG5] dfg{], ckx/0f ug{], anfTsf/ ug{] ;fdfGo s'/f x'g yfln;s] . Tof] klg 3/ leq}sfn] leqs} dfG5]nfO{ anfTsf/ ug{] t emg} ;fdfGo e};Sof] . uf}td a'4 hGd]sf] b]z eg]/ lrgfpg klg sxflnnfUbf 36gfx?n] dg ?G5 . b]z ljb]zdf g]kfnL eGg] ljltSs} :jfledfgL, cUnf] lxdfn ;u/dfyf / zflGtsf] b]z uf}td a'4 eg]/ lrG5g\ . ;Ddfg 5'§} 5 . lxhf] h:tf] cfh 5}g . >LdtL, 5f]/f5f]/L / >Ldfg;uFsf] ;DjGw klg /fd|f] 5}g . >Ldlt / kl/jf/sf nflu b'v ug{ uPsf] >Ldfg 3/ kmsb{Ff sf]lx xb'F}gg\ . >Ldfgx?sf] klg /fdsxfgL 5'§} xf]nf . t/ klg ;dfhdf /f]lkPsf], 3f]lnPsf] ljifn] Ps kl5 csf{] ub{} clZnntf, ck/fw a9fPsf] eg] ;fRFr} 5 . @)#) ;fn h]7 !% ut] lhNnfsf] ljs6 a'9fvfgL uflj; & sfe|]df hlGdPF . xfd|f] ufpdFf

clwsf+z AolQmx? cfdL{, k|x/Ldf hflu/] 5g\ . lghfdltdf klg 5g\ t/ yf]/} . lzIfs klg 5g\ . w]/} rflFx ;]gf / k|x/Ldf 5g\ . klxn] t uf8L klg rNb}g lyof] . af6f] klg lyPg . bfKrf b]lv lx8]/ hfg' kg{] lyof] eg] otf vf]kf;Laf6 klg lx8]/ hfGy] . w]/} k6s xfdL vf]kf;Lsf] af6f] xb'F} lx8]/} sf7df8f} k'u]sf lyof}+ . bfKrfsf] P]ltxfl;s ahf/af6 w'lnv]n;Dd lx8]/ cfPsf] klg 5f}+ . g'g t]n d;nf n}hfbFf ufpdFf ePsf] l3p jf cGo s]lx pTkfbg x'g] a:t'x? xfdL ljqmLsf nflu Nofpg] ub{Yof}+ . xfdLn] t s] b'v u¥of} xf]nf / xfd|f afa' afh]x?n] w]/} b'v u/]sf] cg'e'lt x'G5 . Tolx b'vdf x's{]sfn] xfdLnfO{ sd} yfxf eof] . xfd|f ;GtfgnfO{ cem} sd yfxf x'G5 . ufpdF} hlGdPsfn] ufps F f ;a} ;'v b'v yfxf 5 . a'af cfdfn] dnfO{ x'sf{pg u/]sf] d]xgt / b'v klg ljl;{Psf] 5}g . ufpFdf d]/f ;xkf7Lx?nfO{ klg ljl{;{Psf] 5}g . dnfO{ lzIff lbg] u'?x? klg ljl;{Psf] 5}g . pltv]/ u'?x?sf] ;Ddfg, dfof, cfb/ s'/f u/L ;fWo} 5}g . klxn] u'?nfO{ cfb/ uYof{} clxn] ljBfyL{n] u'?n] cfb/ ug{' kg{] cj:yf 5 . ;don] sf]N6f] km]/]sf] 5 . 7'nfnfO{ cfb/ ug{], ;Ddfg ug{], dfof ug{] eGg] s'/f x/fpbF} uPsf] 5 . cfkm} hfGg], cfkm} ;'Gg] / cfkm'n] eg]s} x'g'k5{ eGg] cx+d\tf a9\b} uPsf] 5 . sd{, efUo . s;nfO{ bf]if lbpF d < dfG5]sf cfkm\g} cfkm\g} ef]ufO{x? x'G5g . d]/f klg cfkm\gf ef]ufO{x? 5g\ . slxn]sflFx nfU5 ;+;f/df lsg dfgjrf]nf eP/ hGd lng k'u]+ xf]nf < ;f]R5' xfdL h:tf] k|fl0fn] hLjgaf6 lsg xf/ vfg' < y'k|} k|Zgx?sf] rfËaf6 d}n] lgZsif{ lgsfN5' ta g dfG5]sf] hLjg . 9'+uf xf] / < dfG5]sf] dg t klUng klg ;S5 . s7f]/ aGg klg ;S5 . b'Mv ;'vsf] cg'e'lt ug{ klg ;S5 . ;dfh kl/jt{gsf nflu p;sf] hLjg ck{0f ug{ klg ;S5 . d/]kl5 klg p;n] cfkm\gf] s[lt km}nfpg ;S5 . ?v xf] / < 3f;Fkft xf] / < jf s'g} ef}lts lrh xf] / dfG5]sf] hLjg < ls w/x/f h:tf] aGg' k¥of] . To;sf nflu klg y'k|} r'gf}tL xf]nfg\ . dfG5]sf] ljj]s dfq} k|of]u ug{] xf] eg] p;n] kfpg] x/]s ;'v ;'ljwf,

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gfd M ;'/]z >]i7 afa' M nf]saxfb'/ >]i7 Affh] M xif{axfb'/ >]i7 7]ufgf M ag]kf & ;b:o g+ M !^ gf=k|=kM #&#(*

o; ;+:yfsf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/Lx?sf] cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx?n] cfkm\gf] JolQmut ljj/0f, of]Uotfsf k|df0fkqsf k|ltlnlkx? / lnlvt cfj]bg ;lxt sfof{nodf kmfu'g !% ut]leq leq b/vf:t lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

gfd M ;'af; lji6 ktL÷a'jf M e/t axfb'/ lji6 ;;'/f÷afh] M u0f]z axfb'/ lji6 :yfoL 7]ufgfM dx]Gb|Hof]tL xfnsf] 7]ufgf M ag]kf !@ ;b:o g+ M !*%( gf=k|=kM !@@***

!= kb M l/;]K;lgi6 ;+Vof M ! of]Uotf M lalaP; jf ;f] ;/x @= kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+Vof M #±! -dlxnf_-! hgf :s'6/ rfns_ of]Uotf M SEE/SLC gf]6 M :s'6/ rfnsnfO{ ;+:yf / :s'6/ rfnssf] cfk;L ;dembf/Ldf_ #= kb M sfof{no ;xof]uL ;+Vof M !÷! -dlxnf÷k'?if_ of]Uotf M ;fwf/0f n]vk9 -;DalGwt sfddf cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf_

gfd M clgtf v8\sf pkfWofo klt M lbg]z pkfWofo ;;'/f M lai0f' pkfWofo 7]ufgf M pu|tf/f ! ;b:o g+ M !*(! gfd M ;'hg >]i7 afa' M cfzfsfhL >]i7 afh] Mu0f]zbfz >]i7 7]ufgf M pu|r08L @ ;b:o g+ M *)% Gffd M ;l/tf zfxL Affa' M nfnaxfb'/ zfxL Affh] M t'Orf zfxL 7]ufgf M ag]kf # ;b:o g+ M !*@!

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