Y25 (issue_10)

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

If]qLo :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

sf7 rf]/L cleof]u

‘/sd’ w/f}6Ldf, b'O{ km/f/ CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @% c+s !) @)&% k'; @^ ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 10th Jan 2019) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!#(, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h *±@ www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

## dlxgfdf @% d'2f, $* kqmfp w'lnv]n÷Onfsf jg sfof{no s6['~h]n] @)&! c;f]h % ut] ljuf] tof/ u/]sf] jg P]g @)$( sf] bkmf $(-3_ sf] s;'/df ;f]lx P]gsf] bkmf %)-!_ -3_ -$_ adf]lhd ;hfoFsf] dfu bflj ul/Psf] kmfO{n rsf{] bafasf aLr cbfnt k]z ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]n] !! lbgkl5 lx/f;tdf /x]sf /sdl;+ 3nfgnfO{ ! nfv w/f}6Ldf l/xf ug{] cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . afFsL b'O{hgfnfO{ kqmfp k'hL{sf] cfb]z ePsf] 5 . tTsflng ;xfos jg clws[t plbdk|;fb /fO{n] ljuf] tof/ ub{} bf]lif ls6fg

w'lnv]n÷lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf] tYofÍ cg';f/ ## dlxgfdf nfu' cf}ifw cf];f/k;f/ ;DjGwL @% j6f d'2f btf{ ePsf 5g\ . pQm d'2fdf $* hgf kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . a] / f] h uf/ o' j f, ljBfno txsf afnaflnsfx? / ;8s afnaflnsfx?n] nfu' cf}ifw k|of]u ug{] u/]sf] cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 . …kqmfp k/]sfx? dWo] clwsf+zn] a|f]s/ ag]/ sfd ul//x]sf] aofg lbPsf 5gÚ–P;kL /lj/fh v8\ s fn] eg] – …8/nfUbf] cj:yfdf cf];f/k;f/ x'g yfn]sf] nfu' cf}ifw lgoGq0fsf nflu cleofg z'? ePsf] 5 .Ú rfn' jif{sf] ;f9] % dlxgfdf !) j6f 36gfdf

!$ hgf kqmfp kl/;s]sf 5g\ . @)&@ r}q !( ut] # lsnf] ufFhf / @) u|fd r/]z ;lxt Ps hgf ;fljs s'zfb]jL uflj;af6 kqmfp k/]sf lyP . @)&# ;fpg @# ut] cfwf lsnf] ufFhf ;lxt ! hgf ;fljs ag]kf gu/kflnsf !! a'8f]naf6 kqmfp k/] . nfu' cf}ifw l8h]an P]Dan @$ yfg, k]g/u|]g P]Dkn yfg @@ / gf]km]g yfg @@ ;lxt ;fFufaf6 ! hgf kqmfp k/] . gfO{6«fe]6 !) nfu' cf}ifw ;lxt rf/hgf ag]kf !) 3/af6} kqmfp k/] . ljkL /fhdfu{ / c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ x'Fb} lg/Gt/ nfu' cf}ifw / ufFhf cf];f/k;f/ ul//x]sf] s]Gb| ag]kf agfpg] u/]sf] 36gfn] k'li6 u/]sf]

ul/;s]sf] kmfO{n rf/ jif{ kl5 yk cg';Gwfg u/L cbfnt a'emfO{Psf] xf] . tTsflng ;dodf /fO{sf] cg';Gwfg 6f]nLn] ;r]t gful/s ;dfh w'lnv]nsf] ;"rgfsf cfwf/df ;fljs kmf]lS;Ë6f/ uflj; % 7'nf]kf]v/fsf %) alif{o /sd l;+x nfdf, ;fljs afFsL @ k]hdf

ag]kf k|x/LnfO{ gu/kflnsfsf] hUuf

k|x/Ln] atfPsf] 5 . l5d]sL b]z ef/tdf lgb|f gnfUbf k|of]u ul/g] pQm cf}ifwL g]kfndf k|ltjGw 5 . o'jfx? s'ntdf km:b} uPsf], nfu' cf}ifws} sf/0f eljZo cGwsf/ agfpFb} nu]sf] cleefjsx?sf] u'gf;f];Fu} k|x/Lsf] cleofg lta| agfO{Psf] P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] atfP . nfu' cf}ifw a/fdb x'Fbf df]6/;fO{sn, ef8fsf ;jf/L ;fwg, xf]6n, AolQmut 3/, 8]/f, kf]lN6kmfd{, df]6/ kf6{;k|of]u ug{] u/]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do ag]kfsf] tLg :yfgaf6 nfu' cf}ifw cf];f/k;f/stf{ kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ eg] ljkL /fhdfu{sf] es'08]af6 klg cf];f/k;f/stf{ kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

sfe|]knf~rf]s / Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfn] 5'§f–5'§} u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf nfu' cf}ifwsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . lhNnf k| x /L sfof{ n o sfe|]knf~rf]ssf k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfsf cg';f/ lhNnfaf6 vl6Psf] k|x/L lgl/Ifs lbks /fosf] 6f]nLn] k'if !^ ut] ljxfg lj/f6gu/af6 sf7df8f} cfpFb} u/]sf] ef8fsf uf8Ldf ;jf/ b'O{ hgf AolQmn] NofpFb} u/]sf] gfO{6«fe]6 !) nfu' cf}ifw a/fdb u/]sf] lyof] . lbpF;f] ;f9] $ ah] ljkL /fhdfu{sf] es'08]a]zLdf uf8L vfgtnf;L u/L ;'g;/L lhNnf u9L ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ # 3/ ePsf @) alif{o ;/f]hs'df/ d]xQf / ;f]lx 7]ufgfsf @! alif{o dgf]hs'df/ d]xQfnfO{ %) kQf ;lxt kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . ! kQfdf !% rSsL nfu' cf}ifw x'G5 . Ps kQfsf] plgx?n] ljqmL ug{] d'No ! xhf/ b]lv ! xhf/ % ;o ;Dd /x]sf] 5 . ;/f]h ag]kfdf /x]sf] Ans sf/vfgfdf sfd ub{} cfPsf lyP

o'lg6L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, sfe|]sf]

C0fLx?nfO{ cToGt h?/L ;"rgf o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, ag]kfaf6 ljleGg ;dodf C0f lnO{ k|fKt ug{'ePsf] C0fsf] ;fFjf, Jofh tf]lsPsf] Dofbdf r'Qmf ug{' gePsf] / df}lvs, lnlvt tyf ;+:yfut k|ltlglwaf6 e]63f6 u/L af/Daf/ eGbf klg shf{ r'Qmf ug{ gcfpg' ePsf]n] ldlt ldlt @)&% k'; d;fGtleq shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Jofh r'Qmf ul/lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . ctM tf]lsPsf] ldltleq o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf ;Dks{ /fvL ;Dk"0f{ C0fsf] ;fFjf, Jofh r'Qmf gu/]df tkfO{ C0fLn] C0f lnFbf pknAw u/fPsf] lwtf] lnnfd ug{] C0fL tyf hdfgL lbg]sf] tLgk':t] gfd;d]t shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{], kqklqsf k|sflzt ug{] nufot C0f c;'n pk/ u/L lngsf] nflu cGo sfg"gL sf/jfxLx? ;d]t canDag ul/g] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfaf6 hfgsf/L ul/G5 .

;Dks{ M )!!–^^!&%)

eg] dgf]h sf/gk'/ o'lk xf]6ndf sfd ub{} cfPsf lyP . plgx?n] ef/tsf ljleGg :yfgaf6 pQm nfu' cf}ifw g]kfn NofO{ ag]kf / cf;kf;sf zx/df ljqmL ub{} cfPsf] k|f/lDes cg';Gwfgdf v'n]sf] P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] atfP .

To:t} Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|d'v k|x/L lgl/Ifs lg/~hg e§/fO{sf] 6f]nLn] ag]kfsf] ;fFuf Onfsfaf6 kf}if !# / !& ut] *@ kQf gfO{6«fe]6 !) a/fdb u/]sf lyP . kf}if !# ut] c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ l:yt ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !# ;fFuf dlGb/ hfg] af6f]df %) kQf cyfy{ !% ;o !$ rSsL nfu' cf}ifw n'sfP/ NofpFb} u/]sf] cj:yfdf tgx'F lhNnf ;'Snf u08sL gu/kflnsf ! 3/ ePsf @$ aif{sf pQd sfsL{ / vf]6fË lhNnf lrp/L 8fF8f gu/kflnsf 3/ ePsf @% alif{o cflzif yfkfnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbP . cg';Gwfg / ul:ts} qmddf ;f]lx 6f]nLn] kf}if !& ut] /flt ;fF9] * ah]sf] afFsL @ k]hdf

ag]kf÷nfdf] ;do b]lv hUuf cefjsf sf/0f sfof{no ;+rfngdf sl7gfO{ ef]Ub} cfPsf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfnfO{ ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] cfkm\g} gfddf /x]sf] @ /f]kgL hUuf kf; ul/lbPsf] 5 . hUuf Aoj:yfkg;Fu} Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf] ;'ljwf ;DkGg ejgsf] af6f] v'n]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] atfP . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfnfO{ k|x/L lgl/Ifs txsf] b/aGbLaf6 hg;+Vof tyf ef}uf]lns rfksf

cfwf/df yk u/L l8P:kL /xg] u/L Aoj:yfkg ug{ lhNnf ;'/Iff ;ldltsf] a}7saf6 u[x dGqfnodf l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 . gu/kflnsfsf] k'if % / k'if @) ut]sf] af]8{ a}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ^ a'Fb] zt{ aGb]h u/L Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfnfO{ hUuf kf; ul/lbPsf] xf] . ;fljs bIf'6f]n j8f gDj/ % xfn ag]kf g/kflnsf j8f gDj/ * df /x]sf] lsQf gDj/ @$&, !%^ / !%%& dWo]af6 b'O{ /f]kgL hUuf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf] ejg lgdf{0f tyf ;+rfng ug{] k|of]hgsf nflu afFsL @ k]hdf

‘cfkmg\f’] df ‘c?’sf] agfpbF} lst]{ w' l nv] n ÷hUufsf] d' N o cfsflzb} uPkl5 ck/flws 36gf lta| x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . bfh'efO{, afa' 5f]/f tyf cfkmGtsf gfddf /x]sf hUufx?nfO{ AolQmut agfpg cg}lts, ca}Bflgs / u|}Xsfg'gL sfo{x? eO{/x] . s]lx 36gfdf ;+nUg AolQmx? kqmfp klg k/] cem} To:tf 36gf leqleq} ldnfpg] k|k~r eO{/x]sf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf ;fljs j8f gDj/ ( ;fljs lsQf gDj/ ^& sf] If]qkmn @ /f]kgL & cfgf @ k};f hUuf pkef]usf] qmddf lsQf gDj/ @))@ / @))# ;d]tdf 4fl/sfgfy >]i7 l3gfËh' cfkm}n] ef]u rng ub{} cfPsf lyP . pQm hUufsf] df]lx w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ & a:g] lbgfgfy >]i7n] lktf q}nf]Sogfy >]i7 /x]sf] egL dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]df df]lx gfd;f/L

u/L kfpF egL lgj]bg lbPsf lyP . pQm lgj]bgdf lbggfyn] hf]tfxsf] $ gDj/ c:yfoL lg:;f pk/ ;/sf/L 5fk b:tvt lst{] u/]sf lyP . pgn] lktfsf] gfdsf] ljjfb ePsf] eGbf cnUu} hUufsf] ;fljs ! gDj/ nut, @ gDj/ cg';'rL / $ gDj/ c:yfoL lg:;f ;d]t /x]sf]df $ gDj/ lg:;fnfO{ b'?kof]u u/L lg:;fsf] h=w dxndf 4fl/sfgfy l3gfËh'sf afa' ab|Lgfy l3gfGh'sf] gfd ;d]t ykL lst{] u/]sf lyP . lbgfgfyn] pgs} afa'sf] gfdsf] cnUu} lg:;fnfO{ lsQf gDj/ ^& sf] df]lx xf] eGb} gSsnL sfuhft tof/ u/L bflj u/]sf lyP . df]lx g} gePsf] lsQf gDj/ ^& sf] hUufsf] df]lx ljhg ..! /x]sf] ;fljs hUufsf] >]:tfaf6 :ki6 v'n]sf] 5 . lbgfgfyn] pNn]v u/]sf] hUuf ..@ dfgf ljhg ePsf] hUuf / lsQf gDj/ ^&, (-s_ sf] hUuf afFsL ( k]hdf

uf8L;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? ca Pp6} 5fgfd'lg PS;fO8 Jof6«L, 6f6f sDkgLsf] :k]o;{ kf6{;x? / MAK n'la|s]G6 nufotsf uf8L ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? xf]n;]n tyf v'b|f d"Nodf kfOG5 . cflwsfl/s ljqm]tf

df“ r08]Zj/L c6f] :k]o;{, ag]kf, tLgbf]af6f], sfe|] kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!*()

sd{rf/L ch{]G6

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>[hgfgu/, eQmk'/

;Dks{ M 9851056446, 9809883608 gf]6 M ch{]G6 k/]sf] x'Fbf 8s'd]G6;lxt clkm; lelh6 ug{'xf]nf .

@

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = = Goflos ;ldlt ;zQm ag ;+ljwfgn] lbPsf] clwsf/ cg';f/ :yfgLo txdf pkk|d'v tyf pkfWoIfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t Goflos ;ldlt k|lt gful/ssf] ljZjf; a9\b} uPsf] 5. t/ ljZjf;df Goflos ;ldltn] sfg'g ljk/Lt cyf{t clwsf/ If]q aflx/ uP/ sfd ug{ yfn]sf] u'gf;f] cfpg] yfn]sf] 5. b]ze/sf :yfgLo txdf u7g ePsf Goflos ;ldltnfO{ tflnd, cg'ej / l;ksf] cefj /x]sf] dx;'; ePsf] 5 eg] :yfgLox?n] Goflos ;ldltnfO{ cbfnt ;/x 7fGg yfn]sf 5g\. Goflos ;ldltdf /xg]x?n] Gofoflwz ;Demg yfn]sf 5g\. ;+ljwfgn] k|bfg u/]sf] clwsf/ tyf sfo{ If]q Gofoflwz / Gofofno eGbf klg ;xh / ;/n efiffdf hgtfsf] ;d:of hgtfs} txdf hgk|ltlglwx?n] g} ;dfwfg u?g eGg] xf]. slxFst} To:tf] geP klg lj:tf/} Goflos ;ldlt k|ltsf] ljZjf; r'lnb}F 5 . lhNnfdf /x]sf Goflos ;ldltx?n] klg ultljlw lta| agfPsf 5g\. :yfgLo :t/df Goflos lgsfo / ljjfb ;dfwfgsf j}slNks pkfox¿nfO{ cjnDag ug{ ;Sg] u/L GofonfO{ ;a} gful/ssf] kx'Fr, l56f] 5l/tf] / sd vlr{nf] u/L ;dfwfg ug]{ nIo jf rfxgf /fvL Goflos ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] xf]. Goflos ;ldltn] ljjfb jf d'2fsf] ;'g'jfO{ u/L lg¿k0f ug]{ clwsf/ k|fKt u/]sf] 5 eg] d]nldnfksf] dfWodaf6 dfq} ljjfbsf] lg¿k0f ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf] 5.

Goflos ;ldltn] klt kTgL larsf] jf h]i7 gful/ssf] ;+/If0f;DaGwL ljjfbsf ph'/Ldf klg x]g{ ;Sg]5. kLl8tx¿nfO{ lgh a;L cfPsf] 3/df a;f]af; ug{ lbg, vfg nfpg lbg, s'6lk6 gug{ tyf lzi6 / ;Eo Jojxf/ ug{, kLl8tnfO{ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s rf]6 k'u]sf] ePdf pkrf/ u/fpg, kLl8tnfO{ cnu ¿kdf a;f]jf;sf] k|aGw ug{'kg]{ b]lvPdf ;f] sf] Joj:yf ug{ / To;/L cnu a:bf lghsf] e/0fkf]if0fsf] nflu plrt Joj:yf ug{, kLl8tnfO{ ufnL unf}h ug{, wDsL, lbg] jf c;Eo Jojxf/ ug]{ sfo{ gug{ gu/fpg / kLl8tsf] lxt / ;'/Iffsf] nflu cGo cfjZos / pko'Qm s'/f ug{ u/fpg lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg]5. :yfgLo txdf ul7t Goflos ;ldltdf To:t} k|s[ltsf ljjfbx? btf{ ePsf 5g\. g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] g]kfndf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, pRr cbfnt / lhNnf cbfnt /xg] Joj:yf ug{'sf ;fy} oL cbfntafx]s sfg'gadf]lhd d'2f x]g{ :yfgLo :t/df Goflos lgsfo jf ljjfb ;dfwfgsf j}slNks pkfo cjnDag ug{ cfjZostfcg';f/ cGo lgsfo u7g ug{ ;lsG5 egL ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] j}slNks pkfo d]nldnfknfO{ OlËt ug{ vf]h]sf] 5. :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng ;DaGwL P]g / sltko ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsfn] agfPsf Goflos ;ldltn] ph'/Lsf] sf/afxL lsgf/f ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ sfof{ljlwsf ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]gn] d]nldnfksf] l;4fGt / k|lqmofnfO{ cfTd;fy ub}{ d]nldnfknfO{ Gofosf] Ps cfwf/lznfsf] ¿kdf k|i6 Joj:yf u/]sf] 5. Ps jif{] cg'ej, hgtf;Fusf] 3'nldn tyf ljjfbsf k|s[lt x]/]/ lg?k0f ug{ Goflos ;ldlt ;zQm x'g' k5{.

;'grfFbLsf] ;fKtflxs ahf/ efp ;'g k|lt !) u|f= ;'g k|lt tf]nf rfFbL k|lt !) u|f= rfFbL k|lt tf]nf

ldlt

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760/765/765/755/760/755/760/-

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ho >L r08L Hj]n;{ s?0ffdfu{ $#, ag]kf * ho]Gb| zfSo -(*$!@)%!&^, )!!^^!&^)_

jif{ @% c+s !) @)&% k'; @^ ut] ljxLjf/

gs ] kfdf jfdbj]sf] km/s dt ss ] f nflu <

cfhsf] ljrf/ hL=Pg= k|wfg clxn] km]l/ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]=s=kf=_ leq jfdb] uf}tdsf] km/s tyf leGg dtn] ahf/df lgs} rrf{ kfPsf] 5 . kf6L{df leGgleGg :jefj, rl/q / lrGtgsf dflg;x? x'g'n] o;/L km/s wf/0ff jf leGg ljrf/ cfpg'nfO{ cGoyf dfGg' klg x'Gg / cfpg lbg'klg k5{ . ljrf/, ljdz{ / Jofks 5nkmn eP/ g} kf6L{ ;'b[9 x'G5 / kf6L{sf] l;4fGt clg p2]Zo Psdtsf ;fy cl3 a9\g ;S5 / kf6L{ klg cg'zfl;t / alnof] klg x'G5 . kf6L{leq Jofks 5nkmn / ljrf/ ljdz{ljgf bf]iflbzf lgb{]z ug{ klg ;lsGg . dfS;{jfbsf] bz{gn] olx ljrf/, ljdz{ / ljZn]if0fnfO{ hf]8 lbPsf] kfOG5 . ha b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L j:t'x?sf] aLr åGå / ;+3if[ ePaf6 g} s'g} t];|f] gofF j:t', gofF s'/fsf] pTklQ -l;h{gf_ x'G5 eGg] s'/f klg j}1flgs ?kd} k|dfl0ft eO;s]sf] 5 . h:tf] M xfO8«f]hg @ / clS;hg ! ldnL kfgL aG5, b'O{ tfnL ahfOPdf cfjfh lg:sG5, b'O{ xTs]nfsf] 3if{0fn] tfk lg:sG5, tfksf] k|efjn] w]/}h;f] t/nkbfy{x? jfkm / UofF; aGg'k'Ub5 . tfkn] s'g}klg j:t'nfO{ ttfpg] / sdhf]/ agfpg] sfd u5{ . To:t} b'O{ leGg lnËaLrsf] cfk;L ;DaGwn] k|hggsf] k|s[ofdfkm{t gofF j:t' jf ;Gtfgsf] hGd x'G5 . olx k|s[ofn] k|s[ltsf w]/}h;f] rLh j:t'x? cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . h'g ;+;f/sf ;+/rgfnfO{ ultzLn t'Nofpgsf] nflu ckl/xfo{ l;4 eO;s]sf] 5 . t/ olt x'Fbfx'Fb} klg sltko lrh, j:t' jf ljrf/x?sf] åGån] ;dfh / l;Ëf] ;+;f/nfO{ g} gs/fTds ?kdf k|efj c;/_ kfg{] sfd ub{5 . 8«fOe/, kfOn6 / 8S6/sf] ;fgf]dfq x]nr]qm\ofOFn] klg csNkgLo 36gfx? lgDTofpg k'Ub5 . b'O{ JolQm jf b'O{ ;d"x aLrsf] c;xdltn] 7"n7"nf åGå jf o'4x? hGdfpF5 . o;/L åGå, ;+3if{, jfbljjfb, ax;, 5nkmn cflbn] clGtddf ls t gf}nf], gofF s'/fsf] l;h{gf

ub{5 ls t gs/fTds c;/sf] ?kdf sfd} gnfUg] klg agfpF5 . t/ gs/fTds kl/0ffd lglDtG5 eGg] 8/n] s'g}klg sfd / ax;, 5nkmn ug{ 5f]8\g] xf] eg] ;b}j oyfl:yltdf /xg' l;jfo c? s'g} gf}nf] tyf rdTsf/L kl/jt{gsf] cg'ej / b]Vg kfpg]sf] klg ;Defjgf 5}g .

To;} n ] s' g } k lg bn jf /fhgLlts kf6L{x?df kf6L{nfO{ gofF / ultzLn clg qmflGtsf/L ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg uxg ?kdf 5nkmn tyf ax;x? x'g', e}/xg' ckl/xfo{ 5 . a? o;/L eO/xg] ax; / 5nkmnx? cGtdf Pp6} lgZsif{ d f ;sf/fTds 9+un] k'Ug ;Sg' kb{5 . tfls kf6L{leq lj/f]wsf nflu lj/f]w ub{} Pp6f kIfnfO{ sdhf]/ agfP/ cfkm" kf6L{leqsf] zlQmzfnL JolQm aGg] / dfq lj:yflkt u/L k'gM PsbnLo zfxL tGqnfO{ :yflkt ug{' xf] . of] ;a} x'g hfg'df cyf{t s]xL /fhfjfbL d08n]x?sf] 6fpsf] p7fpg] ;fx; x'g'df xfn b]zdf ;lqmo /fhgLlts bnx?sf] u}/ /fhgLLts rl/qsf] xfjL x'g' jf Gofo sfg'gnfO{ xftdf lnO u}/sfg'gL 9+un] s]xL dflkmof lu/f]xx?n] ;/sf/sf] gLlt lgod, P]g, sfg'gnfO{ g} 7f8f] / gfËgf] ?kdf pNn+3g ub{} ;/sf/nfO{ g} sdhf]/ agfpg] sfo{x? ul//x]af6 g} ;fdfGo vfnsf hgtfx?df of] ;+3Lo k|0ffnLsf] b]z / /fHo ;/sf/k|lt g} ljt[i0ff hufpg yfn]sf 5g\ . o; lsl;dsf] nfk/jfxL / dgk/L 9+un] cl3 al9/xsf lglxt wggd'vL, c/fhsd'vL dflkmofx?sf] sf/0faf6 g} b]zdf ;'zf;g :yflkt ug{ sl7g eO/x]sf] 5 . kf6L{s} cf8 / cf]tdf kf6L{s} abgfd x'g]u/L h:tf] sfd ug{ klg kl5 gkg{] ck/flws tTjx?sf] sf/0f g} b]z cfh c/fhs / clgolGqt ?kdf cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . d'n'snfO{ zflGt / ;'b[9 ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg ;xof]u ug{'kg{] bnx?, kf6L{leqs} ;xsdL{ g]tfx? vfgeGbf ;fgf uNtL

## dlxgfdf======

alif{o cho zfxnfO{ & kQf gfO{6«fe]6 !) ;lxt kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] ;f9] % dlxgfdf dfq} !@ j6f d'2f btf{ ePsf] P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] hfgsf/L lbP . !) j6f d'2faf6 !$ hgf kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ eg] cl3Nnf] jif{ ;f]lx cleof]usf] !@ j6f d'2fdf !^ hgf kqmfp k/]sf lyP . kqmfp k/]sfx?nfO{ nfu' cf}ifw P]g @)## cg';f/ d'2f rnfO{Psf] 5 .

;dodf c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] ;fFuf ag]kf !# df sf7df8f}af6 ag]kf tkm{ cfpFb} u/]sf] cj:yfdf df]6/;fO{sn ;lxt b'O{ hgfnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] lyof] . lj/f6gu/ dxfgu/kflnsf !%% 3/ 3Psf jif{ @# sf k|l;n yfkf If]qLn] af]s]sf] emf]nfdf @% kQf nfu' cf}ifw km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . pgL af @^ k #(@$ gDj/sf] afO{sdf df]/Ë lhNnf ;'ga;L{ gu/kflnsf ^ 3/ ePsf #^ alif{o b]js'df/ /fha+zL;Fu cfpFb} lyP . k|x/Ln] b'a} hgfnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx lbg /flt ag]kf * rfFbgLrf]saf6 ag]kf gu/kflnsf !) hgfufn 3/ ePsf @# alif{o ;lag x'dfufO{, dxf]Q/L lhNnf nIdLlgof ufpFkflnsf # 3/ ePsf $) alif{o nfnafa' d08n / ;f]lx 7]ufgfsf @$

;"rgf zLt–nx/sf] ;dodf lr;f]sf] sf/0f dflg;sf] d[To';d]t x'g;S5 To;}n], ® Gofgf] sk8fsf] hf]xf] ;dod} u/f}+ . ® zLt–nx/sf] ;dodf 3/ aflx/ v'Nnf :yfgdf w]/} ;do glatfcf}+, 3/aflx/ lg:sg' k/]df jf w]/} ;do latfpg' kg{] ePdf Gofgf] sk8f nufcf}+ . ® /ftsf] ;dodf l;/s, sDanh:tf Gofgf] cf]9\g] u/f}+ . 3/leq /flt ;'Tbf z/L/sf ;fy} clgjfo{ ?kdf 5ftL tyf 6fpsf] 9fSg] k|aGw ldnfcf}+ . ® zLt–nx/ rn]sf] ;dodf cfuf] tfk]/ z/L/nfO{ Gofgf] /fVg] u/f}+, 5ftL / 6fpsf]nfO{ lr;f]af6 hf]ufpg] sfo{ u/f}+ . lr;f]sf] ;dodf z/L/nfO{ rlxg] cfjZos tftf] vfg] s'/fx? vfg] afgLsf] ljsf; u/f}+ .

g]kfn ;/sf/

;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno ;"rgf tyf k|;f/0f ljefu

‘/sd’========== a'9fvfgL uflj; $ sf #* alif{o ljho df]Qmfg / ;fljs uf]s'n] uflj; j8f gDj/ @ sf %@ alif{o 1fgaxfb'/ :ofËtfgnfO{ jg xfgL gf]S;fgL ;DjGwL d'2f btf{ ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fnsf] hftsf lr/fg sf7 kl/0ffd $$(=&!

So'lkm6-#*$ yfg_ tyf uf]lnof sf7 kl/0ffd So'kmL_ ^@(=%( /x]sf] lyof] . * ;o ?k}of /fhZjsf] b/n] % nfv # xhf/ ^ ;o &@ ?k}of ljuf] sfod ul/Psf] lyof] . ljuf] a/fa/ !) nfv & xhf/ # ;o $$ ?k}of / Ps jif{ s}b dfu ul/Psf] lyof] . jg lgodfjnL @)%! sf] cg';"rL & -3_ adf]lhd lr/fgL sf7nfO{ uf]lnof sf7df kl/jt{g u/L ;f]lx lgodfjnLsf] cg';"rL @ adf]lhdsf] d'No b/ cg';f/ ljuf] sfod ul/Psf] lyof] . @)&! ;fn b]lv km/f/ /x]sf ;fnsf sf7 ljgf Ohfht ag k}bf/ cf];f/k;f/ ug{] /sd l;+ 3nfg ;lxtsf] ;d'xnfO{ kqmfp ug{ Onfsf ag sfof{non] k6s k6s kq sf6]sf] lyof] . kq uP kl5 /sd l;+ 3nfgn] @ nfv ?k}of vr{ u/L plbdk|;fb /fO{nfO{ ldnfpFb} cfPsf lyP . To;s} cf8df pgL :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ ;d]t ag] . ;dfh;]jLsf gfddf ca}B sf/f]jf/ / wGbf rnfPsf /sd l;+x nfdfsf] ;d'xn] $% nfv ?k}of o'jf :j/f]huf/ sf]ifsf] /sd lxgfldgf u/]sf] 5 . h;sf gfddf NofPsf] ;x'lnot /sd p;n] b]Vg} gkfPsf] u'gf;f] o'jfx?n] u/]sf 5g\ . sfe|] / l;Gw'nLdf kg{] ;/sf/L h+unaf6 #% b]lv $) j6f ?vx? cj}B tl/sfn] s6fg u/L dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ agv' sfpn]e~HofË eGg] :yfgdf ;fn k|hftLsf] ljleGg gfk;fO{hsf] #*$ yfg sf7 n'sfO{ l5kfO{ /fv]sf] k'li6 ePsf] d'2f ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no sfe|]df k]z ul/Psf] lyof] . ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{non] Onfsf jg sfof{no s6'~h]n] dfu]sf] /fo cg';f/ P]g cg';f/ cf/f]lktx?n] jg k}bf/ cf];f/k;f/ ljgf O{hfht nu]sf] k'li6 ePsf] lg0f{o lbPsf] 5 . cleof]u nfu]sf dWo] /sd l;+ 3nfg sf7df8f}sf] :joDe'df n's]/ a;]sf] cj:yfdf k'if !$ ut] k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . zlgaf/ kqmfp k/]sf 3nfgnfO{ cg';Gwfg clws[t plbdk|;fb /fO{n] /sd lnPsf] lx;fj ldnfpg] gfddf cfO{taf/ /flt g} 5fl8lbPsf lyP . /sd l;+ 3nfg ;lxtnfO{ g]tfx? / pgsf

sdLsdhf]/LnfO{ lgx'F agfP/ lj/f]w ug{ ul//xg' s'g}klg lhDd]jf/ /fhgLlts kf6L{x? / kf6L{sf g]tfx?sf] bfloTj xf] jf xf]Og o;lt/ Wofg lbOPsf] b]lvb}g . kf6L{leq Psdt ge} ljleGg u'6 pku'6df ljefhg x'g'sf] sf/0f g} cfh kf6L{sf cfd sfo{stf{ / ;dy{sx? klg u'6–pku'6 / nljË÷5ljËdf ljeflht x'g afWo ePsf 5g\ . g]tfx?sf] olx 3[l0ft sfo{ k|j[lQs} sf/0f uPsf] tLg txsf] lgjf{rgdf u'6u'6÷kIf kIfdf lsQfsf6 u/]/ sltko nf]slk|o / lhTg] lglZrt ePsfx?n] l6s6 kfpg ;s]gg\ eg] sltko JolQmx? hgk|ltlglw x'g of]Uot} gk'u]sfx? klg pDd]bjf/ aGg] cj;/ kfP / wGg kf6L{s} a}+s ef]6sf] sf/0f ljhoL klg eP . kf6L{leq b]vfk/]sf] olx u'6pku'6s} sf/0f kf6L{x? lbgk|ltlbg sdhf]/ / cnf]slk|o x'Fb}5 . s]xL dlxgf cl3 dfq b'O{ 7"nf jfd kf6L{x?

PsLs[t eO{ aGg k'u]sf] g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]=s=kf=_ nfO{ efjgfTds ?kdf Ps agfO{ kf6L{nfO{ ;'b[9 / ;+ul7t agfpg'kg{]df pN6}

clg km/s dt . clxn] kf6L{leqsf s]xL kx'Frjfnf g]tfx?sf] km/s dt / c;xdltn] kf6L{ / ;/sf/nfO{ alnof] agfpglt/ x}g sdhf]/ agfpglt/ nflu kl//x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;n] kf6L{eGbf Ot/ -lj/f]wL_ sf bnx? jf g]skfsf] alnof] hgdtb]lv cf}8fxf / 56\kl6Psfx?nfO{ an k'¥ofpg] sfd ub{5 . o;} t ;fgf;fgf s'/fx?nfO{ klg tLnsf] kxf8 agfP/ s]kL cf]nL ;/sf/ / l;Ëf] g]=s=kf=nfO{ abgfd ug{ Gjf/gb]lvsf] zlQm nufO{ /fv]sf 5g\ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ afx]s ;Dk"0f{ zlQmx? . b]zleq 3l6/x]sf xTof, lx+;f, anfTsf/, e|i6frf/, 3';vf]/L, l9nf;':tL, sfnf] ahf/L cflbdf lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg' h:tf ;/sf/sf] sdhf]/LnfO{ lnP/ s]xL /fhfjfbL d08n]x? æ/fhf cfpm, b]z arfpmÆ eGg] gf/fnfO{ cl3 ;fb{} slyt tflGqs Hof]ltifLsf] xfjfnf lbFb} jf cfly{s k|nf]egdf kf/L @)&% sf] df3 & ut] k"j{/fhf 1fg]Gb| k'gM gf/fo0flx6L b/af/ lkmtf{ ;jf/L x'Fb}5 eGg] xNnf lk6fO hgtfdf e|d lkmhfpg] sfd ub{}5 . of] xNnf x'g'

d'n'snfO{ zflGt / ;'b[9 ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg ;xof]u ug{'kg{] bnx?, kf6L{leqs} ;xsdL{ g]tfx? vfgeGbf ;fgf uNtL sdLsdhf]/LnfO{ lgx'F agfP/ lj/f]w ug{ ul//xg' s'g}klg lhDd]jf/ /fhgLlts kf6L{x? / kf6L{sf g]tfx?sf] bfloTj xf] jf xf]Og o;lt/ Wofg lbOPsf] b]lvb}g . k"j{jt\ kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ / ;dy{sx?nfO{ ;d]t v;Lsf] df;' efu nufPem}+ efua08f nufO{ kf6L{ Ps, u'6 cg]s ug{]s sfo{n] kf6L{sf] g]tfx? b]lv g} 3[0ff hflu;s]sf] 5, /f]if pTkGg eO;s]sf] 5 . o;}sf] sf/0f sltko Odfgbf/ / akmfbf/ sfo{stf{x? kfvf nfUb} / kf6L{af6 knfog x'Fb} ;Qfdf k'Ugs} nflu /0fgLlts v]n v]Ng k'Ub5 eg] b]z / hgtfsf nflu of]eGbf 7"nf] a]OdfgL c? s]xL x'g ;Sb}g . t;y{ ax; xf];\ b]z ljsf; s;/L ug{] eGg]df xf];\, 5nkmn xf];\ cfd hgtfdf s;/L ;'v / ;Da[l4 Nofpg] eGg] s'/fdf xf];\ . ljrf/, ljdz{ / ljdltsf s'/fx? cfcf];\ cfkm\g} kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/nfO{ alnof] agfpgdf / ;/sf/ ;+rfng ;xh tl/sfn] ug{df xf];\ . of] ;/sf/nfO{ l:y/tf /fVg' eg]sf] g} d'n'sdf /fhgLlts l:y/tf sfod /fVg' xf] . d'n'snfO{ lbzfxLg agfpgaf6 hf]ufpg' xf] . c;kmn ;/sf/, c;kmn g]skfsf] ;/sf/, abgfdL /fHo x'gaf6 hf]ufpg' xf] . o;}n] km]l/ kf6L{df s= jfdb]j uf}td gfos ag]/ h;/L kf6L{ leq km/s dtsf] gfddf s]lx dte]bx? cfO/x]sf 5g\ of] s]jn jfdb]j uf}td lgjf{rgdf k/flht eO ;+;b\df k'Ug c;kmn ePaf6 ;/sf/sf] dxTjk"0f{ kbdf k'Ug gkfPs} sf/0f To;sf] kL8faf]w kf]Vgs} nflu dfq eP of]eGbf 3l6of sfd c? s] x'g;S5 . cfkm"n] lhTg kfP, kb kfP jf nfesf] 7fpFdf k'Ug kfP ;dy{g / 7Ls pQm cj;/x? k|fKt ug{ g;s] a]l7s / lj/f]w

jf k"j{ /fhfnfO{ k'gM b/af/ kmsf{pg pS;fpg'÷k|f]T;fxg ug{' eg]sf] ev{/} hgtfn] k|fKt u/]sf] nf]stGqnfO{ ;dfKt ug{' xf] . ax'bnLo zf;g Joj:yfnfO{ 5g\ eg] sltko ck/flw / abgfdL sdfO;s]sf tyf hgtfaf6 lt/:s[t JolQmx? kf6L{sf g]tfx?sf] cf8df kx'Frdf k'Ug uPaf6 k'/fgf Odfgbf/, akmfbf/ tyf kf6L{k|lt lgi7fjfg sfo{stf{x?sf] dgdf ulx/f] rf]6 k'u]sf] 5 . xLgtfaf]wn] kf6L{sf] sfo{stf{ eGgdf uj{ ug{'sf] ;§f nlHht x'g'kg{] cj:yf cfO;s]sf] 5 . cfhsf] kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x?df clnslt klg efjgfTds ;fdLKotf 5}g, b]lvFb}g . kf6L{sf ;+ul7t sfo{stf{ b]Vg] ljlQs}, e]6\g]ljlQs} stfstf dg v'zLn] km'n]/ cfpYof] b'n{e …dfdfÚ;Fu e]6 ePem}+ x'GYof] . t/ clxn] 7Ls pN6f] kf6L{sf g]tf / sfo{stf{ b]Vg] ljlQs} gfs v'lDrg k'U5, leqleq}af6 dg To;}To;} /L;n] d'd{'l/P/ cfpF5 . cfh Pp6} kf6L{sf] 3lgi6 ;fyL x}g k/dzq' em} nfUg yfn]sf] 5 .

Odfgbf/ / akmfbf/sf] d"Nof+sg 5}g, TofuL / lgi7fjfgsf] dtna 5}g . wg, an / rfKn';Ldf dflx/ aGg ;Sg' k/]sf] 5 . t;y{ clxn] b]vfk/]sf] jfdb]j uf}td, ;lxtsf] pkNnf g]tfx?sf] km/s dt leGg dt cflbn] o;}nfO{ ljsf; ug{ vf]Hb}5 . st} km]/L @)%$ sf] kf6L{ ljefhgsf] b'Mvb\ 36gfnfO{ lgDTofpg t vf]lh/x]sf] 5}g, cfdsfo{stf{ / ;dy{sx?sf] lrGtf / k|Zg olx /x]sf] 5, ;Dk"0f{sf] lh1f;f olx /x]sf] 5 . gq eg] ======g]tfx?df c===;xdlt / km/s dtsf] nsf{] lsg, lsQfsf6 lsg <

;dy{sx?n] /flt g} ljho h'n; ub{} vfbf cf]9fP/ :jfut u/]sf lyP . nuQ} /sd l;x 3nfgnfO{ k'if !^ ut] b]lv a'8f]n l:yt ag sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /flvPsf] lyof] . klxnf] k6ssf] Dofb leq cbfnt a'emfpg] k6s k6ssf] k|of; plbd k|;fb /fO{sf] c;kmn eof] . cg';Gwfg k'/f gu/L uPsf] kmfO{n ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{noaf6 b'O{ k6s kmls{Psf] lyof] . bf]>f] k6s !( ut] & lbgsf] Dofb lnP/ cg';Gwfg ul/Psf /sd l;+ 3nfgsf ;fIfLx?n] sf7 sfl6Psf] aofg lbPsf 5g\ . cg';Gwfgsf qmddf /sd l;+ 3nfgn] rnfpFb} cfPsf] (*%!)#$(&) gDj/ pgsf gfddf gePsf], /sd l;+ 3nfg / nfdf Pp6} AolQm gePsf] eGb} d'2f tGsfpFb} nluPsf] xf] . j8f gDj/ # sf cWoIf 1fgaxfb'/ nfdfn] /sd l;+ 3nfg / nfdf Ps} AolQm ePsf] l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 . /sd l;+x 3nfg afx]ssf cGo b'O{ cem} km/f/ 5g\ . g]kfn :s'n ckm k|f]h]S6df ;d]t cfj4 /lx :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf dxfef/t ufpkFflnsfdf pDd]bjf/ ;d]t ePsf /sd l;+ 3nfg ;fnsf ?v sf6]/ a]kQf ePsf] cleof]udf rf/ jif{ kl5 kqmfp k/]sf lyP . rf]/Ldf ;+nUg b'O{ hgf cem} km/f/ 5g\ . @)&! ;fn c;f]h dlxgf b]lv wdfwd ;fnsf ?v sf6]/ ljqmL ug{] qmddf lhNnf ag sfof{no sfe|]df ph'/L btf{ eP ;uF} sfuhdf km/f/ b]lvb} cfPsf lyP . ;fnsf ?v sf6]/ ljqmL ug{ /flvPsf] $ ;o $( So' lkm6 ;fnsf sf7 8f8Ffkf/Lsf agv' nufotsf If]qdf sfl6Psf] lyof] . ph'/L k/] nuQ} lhNnf ag sfof{non] Onfsf ag sfof{no s6'~h]sf /]~h/ plbdk|;fb /fO{nfO{ cg';Gwfg clws[t tf]lsPsf] lyof] . ;/sf/L agaf6 ;fnsf ?v sf6\g] /sd l;+ 3nfg nfdf / ljho df]QmfgnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnP/ cg';Gwfg ug{ :yfgLon] k6s k6s dfu u/]sf lyP . cg';Gwfg clws[t /fO{n] b'a} AolQm km/f/ /x]sfn] cg';Gwfg ;d]t k|efljt ePsf] atfP . plgx?n] ;fnsf ?v sf6\g nufPsf dhb'/ gGb] df]Qmfgn] plgx?s} sf/0f cfTdxTof u/]sf] kl/jf/n] atfPsf] 5 . kl5 gGb]sf] >LdtLnfO{ k|efljt agfO{ /sd l;+ 3nfgn] pgsf] ;d]t s]lx /sd vr{ ul/lbPsf 5g\ . ;fljs agv' uflj;sf] j8f gDj/ !, #, $ / l;Gw'nLsf] skfnsf]6df kg{] ;/sf/L jgsf] ;fnsf] ?v rf]/L lgsf;L u/]sf] cloef]udf d'2f btf{ ePsf] xf] . @)&! ;fn dl;+/df ePsf] ca}B ;fn rf]/L k|s/0f rf/ jif{ b]lv u'kr'k kf/]sf] /x:o v'nf;f ePsf] lyof] . ;fnsf] sf7sf] rf]/L lgsf;Lsf] d'2f ;Fu} dxfef/tdf aFb]n rf]/L u/L df;' ljqmL eO{/x]sf] d'2f cem} 6'lËPsf] 5}g . To;sf] cg';Gwfg clws[t klg /fO{ g} lyP t/ pgL cg';Gwfg g} g;sfO{ /dfgf lnP/ k|b]z ! df hfg] tof/Ldf 5g\ . ;dfrf/ k|sfzg eP nuQ} /sd l;+ 3nfgsf ;dy{sx?n] ;fdflhs ;~hfndf ljB"lQo sf/f]jf/ P]g ljkl/t ufnL aiff{Psf 5g\ .

ag]kf k|x/LnfO{==== pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{o ePsf] gu/ k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb]n] atfP . pQm hUuf xfn ;fljs ubf{ kfFrj6f lsQfdf kl/0ft ePsf] 5 . ! xhf/ !&=%) ju{ ld6/ /x]sf] pQm hUuf bfgkqsf] lnvt u/L Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf gfddf x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] xf] . pQm hUufdf b'O{ jif{ leqdf ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ k|f/De gePdf ;Demf}tf adflhd pQm hUuf k|x/L sfof{non] s;}sf gfddf a]rljvg ug{ kfpg] 5}g . kf}if @@ ut] cfO{taf/ ag]kf gu/kflnsf sfof{nodf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|x/L lgl/Ifs lg/~hg e§/fO{ / gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]h/fh l3ld/n] ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf lyP . ;Demf}tf nuQ} hUuf bfgkq dfkm{t dfnkf]t sfof{non] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf gfddf nfnk'hf{ ;lxt kf; ul/lbPsf] lyof] .

kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkgnfO{ hUUff

ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] c:yfoL ?kdf Aoj:yfkg ub{} cfPsf] cfO{6L kfs{ cuf8Lsf] hUufdf :yfgLox?sf] cj/f]wsf sf/0f Aoj:yfkg x'g g;s]sf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ lb3{sflng ?kdf ;dfwfg ug{] pb]Zon] gu/kflnsfn] ljleGg ljsNk vf]Hg] qmddf hUufsf] Aoj:yfkg u/]sf] 5 . !@ /f]kgL hUuf @% jif{nfO{ ef8fdf lnP/ sfd z'? ul/;s]sf] 5 eg] cGo :yfgdf klg cfkm} vl/b u/]/ hUuf Aoj:yfkg ug{] sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 . lb3{sflng ?kdf kmf]xf]/nfO{ df]xf]/ agfpg gu/kflnsfn] 7]Ssf lbPsf] sDkgLn] d]lzg dfkm{t kmf]xf]/sf] k|s[lt x]/]/ cnu agfpg] / To;nfO{ k|zf]wg ug{] sfo{ ug{]5 . b'a} :yfgsf] hUuf Aoj:yfkg;Fu} gu/kflnsfn] lb3{sflng ?kdf kmf]xf]/af6 d'Qm x'g] k|of; u/]sf] 5 . Plss[t vfg]kfgLsf] Aoj:yfkg, kmf] x f] / sf] Aoj:yfkg;F u } gu/kflnsfn] ljsf;df ult lng] gu/ k|d'v nIdL g/l;+ afb]n] atfP .

;/;kmfO{ cleofg lta|

;fFuf, ag]kf rf]s / ljB'Q k|flws/0f cuf8L cltqmd0f u/L agfO{Psf 3/ 6x/f eTsfP;Fu} gu/kflnsf] ;/;kmfO{ cleofgnfO{ lta| agfPsf] 5 . /fhdfu{ / leqL ;8sx? ;/;kmfO{ ug{], s]lx ;8sx?df Ps tlkm{ dfq} ;jf/L rnfpg] / kfls{Ë Aoj:yfkg ug{] tof/L u/]sf] 5 . ;a} j8fx?df Aojl:yt sfof{no, ;8s km/flsnf], sl/8f]/ lgdf{0f / ;fj{hlgs hUuf Aoj:yfkg ug{] tof/L cg'?k gu/kflnsfn] sfo{ ul//x]sf] gu/ pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] atfO{g\ .

#

r]i6f ;fKtflxs r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ c+@% !) @)&% ut]ljxLjf/ ljxLjf/ jif{ @$ s c+ @*s @)&% j}zfvk';@&@^ut]

% ?ko } fs F f] l98 F f] vfP/ hu + nd} /ft latfof+} hGd, afNosfn, cf}krfl/s lzIffM @)@^ ;fn kf}if !% ut] ;fljs pu|tf/f hgfufn uflj; j8f gDa/ ^ xfnsf] ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDa/ !! df d]/f] hGd ePsf] lyof] . a'af xl/axfb'/ yfkf / cfdf piff yfkfsf] sf]vaf6 hGd]sf tLg 5f]/f / Ps 5f]/L dWo] t]>f] ;Gtfg lyPF . ufpFd} /x]sf k|fylds txsf] ljBfnoaf6 s v l;s]+ . ToxfFsf] cf}krfl/s cWoog ;s]/ sIff $ plQ0f{ kl5 lzIff ;bg dfWolds ljBfnodf lgdflj txsf] cWoog u/]+ . lgdflj txsf] cWoog ;s]kl5 s]lx ;fyLx? ag]kfsf] cfhfb dfljdf egf{ eP eg] xfdL s]lx ;fyLx? ;fFufsf] dx]Gb| dfljdf k'Uof}+ .

P;Pn;L;Ddsf] cWoog Tolx ljBfnoaf6 u/]+ . ljBfno hfg] rng sd lyof] . ljBfno hfg' klg sl7g lyof] . a'af s[ifs x'g'x'GYof] . ufO{ a:t' kfn]/ 3/ Aojxf/ wfGg' sl7g lyof] . a'afsf b'O{ bfh'efO{ x'g'x'GYof] . @)#^ ;fndf pxfFx? cnu–cnu x'g'eof] . To;kl5 a'afnfO{ cem} sl7g ePsf] cg'ej 5 . k|fylds tx cWoog ubf{ lzIfsx? s8f x'g'x'GYof] . k|fylds txdf cWoog ubf{ ;fyLx?nfO{ lzIfsx?n] ufnL u/]sf], s'6]sf] s'/fn] dnfO{ em:sfpFYof] . d sf/jfxLdf kl/gF . lzIfssf] sf/jfxLdf gk/] klg cWoog /fd|f] lyPg . sIff $ df k'u]kl5 dfq} P lj l; 8L k9\g kfO{GYof] . ufpFsf] ljBfnodf cWoog ubf{ ef]u]sf] ef]ufO{n] zx/L If]qdf cWoog ubf{ s]lx ;xh eof] . 3/af6 lzIff;bg lgdfljdf cfpFbf ljBfno gk'uL cGoq uPsf] ofb 5 . ;fyLx? 3/af6 cGg rf]]/]/ ;d]t Nofpg] u/]sf lyP . Tolx cGgn] ;fyLx?n] dg k/]sf lrhx? lsg]/ vfg] u/]sf lyP . dg k/]sf] :yfgdf 3'Dg] u/]sf lyP . xfdL klg slxn]sfFlx sIff 5f8]/ cGoq 3'Dg hfg] u/]sf lyof}+ . cleefjssf] sf/jflxdf w]/} k6s k/]sf] 5' . ;fyLn] ux'F rf]/]/ nu]sf] /x]5 . Tof] a]Rg d p;Fu} uPsf] lyPF . xh'/a'af c;fWo} s8f x'g'x'GYof] . x/]s lbg ljxfg wg]Zj/ vfnL v'§fdf k'u]/ kmls{P/ dfq} pxfF vfgf vfg' x'GYof] . pxfFn] rf]/nfO{ ;fyL uPsf] eg]/ wg]Zj/af6 kmls{P nuQ} d vfgf vfFb} lyPF k5f8Laf6 nflQ xfGg' ePsf] yfn ;lxt pl5l§P/ efUof] . Tof] a]nf b]lv To:tf] sfddf ;fy lbg ;lsgF . cefj w]/} x'GYof] . dx;'; klg eof] . nfpg / vfg] pd]/ eP klg zx/sf dfG5]x?sf] h:tf] x'Fb}g lyof] . h] 5 To;d} /dfpg] u/]sf lyof}+ . ;fg} pd]/ b]lv lg8/ :jefjsf] lyPF . ;+3if{ ug{ kl5 klg x6\lbg lyPF . afNosfnsf /dfO{nf / b'Mv w]/} 5g\ . @)#^ ;fndf sIff $ df cWoog ub{} lyPF . ;'o{axfb'/ yfkfnfO{ lj/f]w ug{] qmddf rf/bf]af6f] cfPsf] lyPF . zflnsdf ;'o{axfb'/sf] tl:j/nfO{ l;nf}6fdf g'g vf];f{gL xfn]/ /flvPsf] /x]5 . h'n'; w'lnv]n uof] . kmls{P/ cfpFbf uf8Ldf ;a}n] 9'+uf xfg] . d}n] klg 9'+uf xfg]+ . k|x/Ln] uf]nL rnfP5 . efUg' kg{] xf]; g} ePg5 . d]/f] xftdf 9'+uf /x]5 . ;a} efUbf ;8sdf d PSnf] /x]5' . *÷( jif{sf] dfG5] ;fg} lyPF . uf]nL sfd u/]/ a;]sf ls;fgx?nfO{ nfu]5 . c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] bfofFafofF rf/bf]af6f] jl/k/L O6f kfg{] rng lyof] . Tof] 36gf lj;{g ;lSbgF . a'afx? cnu a:bf vfg gk'u]/ hf} sf] /f]6L vfFbf 3fF6Ldf c8\lsP/ vfg g;s]sf] 36gf klg lj;{g ;lSbg lyPF . lzIff ;bgdf dfWolds tx lyPg . lzIff ;bgaf6 dx]Gb| dflj hfFbf a; r9\g' kb{Yof] . a;n] k};f glbO{ r9fpFb}g lyof] . em'l08P/ hfFbf a;af6 ?vdf 7f]lSsP/ d 3fO{t] ePF . d]/f] 6fpsf]df ulDe/ c;/ k¥of] tLg lbg a]xf]; ePF . ljBfno hfg ;lsgF . lj:tf/} l7s x'Fb} uof] . ;a}n] d5{ eG7fg]sf /x]5g\ . ;Demgf zlQm sdhf]/ x'Fb} uof] . cWoogdf ;d]t Tof] 36gfn] afwf kf¥of] . lgoldt sIffx?df kf; eP klg d}n] P;Pn;Ldf plt0f{ ug{ ;lsgF . b'O{ k6s P;Pn;L lbFbf klg dnfO{ Pp6f ljifo nflu/x\of] . lzIfsx?sf cuf8L dfq} xf]O{g xfdL ;w} OdfGbf/ aGYof}+ . rf]/]/ kf; ug{' x'Fb}g eGg] dfGotf lyof] . ljBfnodf cWoog u/]sf] eGbf w]/} cWoog ug{ kfO{b}g lyof] . To;sf/0f klg cWoog /fd|f] x'g ;s]g . cWoogsf cnfjf xfdL 3/ kl/jf/sf ;a} sfd ug{] u/]sf lyof}+ . v]taf/Lsf] sfd ug{], a:t'efp r/fpg] xfd|f] lgoldt sfd lyof] . Tof] ;a} ;s]/ dfq} ljBfno hfg] u/]sf lyof}+ . 3/df lstfa kN6fP/ x]/]sf] ofb sd 5 . 6]i6 clns s8f lyof] . Tof] a]nf s]lx d]xgt ul/of] . 6]i6 kf; u/]/ P;Pn;Lsf] ;dodf sf]lrË sIffx? x'Gy] . To;s} e/df kf; ug{' kb{Yof] . ljBfnodf cltl/Qm s[ofsnfkx? ;fdfGo x'Gy] . km'6an x'Fbf v]lnGYof] . Aoj;flos ?kdf s]lx v]lnPg . s]lx To:tf] 5'§} k|ltef ePg . s]lx ;fyLx? lzIfsnfO{ wDSofP/ lstfa g} dfly /fv]/ n]Vy] .

P;Pn;Ldf klg To;} u/] . xfdLn] ;s]gf} . dnfO{ kf; x'G5' h:tf] nfof lyof] . t/ x'g ;lsPg . b'a} k6s kf; x'g g;s]kl5 cWoog 5f8]/ hflu/ vfg] bf}/fgdf lxl8of] .

lzjs'df/ yfkf

cWoIf ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !! sfe|]

8fo/L dgsf] df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf k};f ;lsPsfn] kmls{of}+ . p;sf] cfkmGtsf] 3/ sf7df8f}df lyof] . sn+sLdf cfpFbf @ ?k}of /x]5 . p;sf] ldt cfdfsf] 3/df !) ?k}of dfu]/ xfdL 3/ kmls{of}+ . kl5 Tof] ;fyL cfdL{df g} hflu/ vfg uof] . hflu/ kfO{g] v'zLn] w]/} k};f vr{ u/]/ uof}+ . ;do ;lsPsfn] hflu/ vfg kfO{Pg . a'afn] klg vf;} s]lx eGg' ePg .

3/ kmls{Psf] s]lx ;do kl5 d}n] b'w ljsf; ;+:yfgdf hflu/ vfg] cj;/ kfPF . ljxfg ufpFdf b'w ;+sng u/]/ sf7df8f}df nu]/ ljqmL ug{] clg hflu/ vfg hfg] u/]sf] lyPF . & ;o $% ?k}of lyof] tna . b'w Aoj;fo / hflu/sf sf/0f d]/f] kl/jf/df s]lx ;xof]u k'Ug uof] . d]/f] cfkmGt e};]kf6Ldf sfd ug{' x'GYof] . pxfFsf] k|]/0ffn] b'w ;+sng ul//x]sf] lyPF . @)$^ ;fnsf] dfxf]n cfof] . lgoldt sfd ug{] qmddf ToxfF s]lx /fhgLlt eof] . Tof] ;+:yfg e|i6frf/sf] cv8f /x]5 . lhPd e]6\g lr6 sf6]/ hfg' kb{Yof] . dGqL e]6\g eGbf klg rsf{] lyof] . sd{rf/Lx? ;a} ;+:yfgsf] ;fdfg rf]/]/ ljqmL ug{] ubf{ /x]5g\ . xflsdx?sf] cfb]z To:t} /x]5 . @)%! ;fndf ;/sf/ kl/jt{g ePkl5 lhPd kl/jt{g eP . pxfFn] l;w} sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ e]6\g yfNg' eof] . xfdLnfO{ rf]/L lgoGq0f ug{ ;xof]u dfUg'eof] . xfdLn] xflsdnfO{ rf]/Lsf] ;fdfgsf] uf8L ;lxt nu]/ a'emfof}+ . pxfF ljleGg :yfgdf k'u]/ 58\s] u / ] /

vfnL uf8fx? 7]n]/ k|x/LnfO{ ToxfFaf6 wkfPsf lyof}+ . Tof] cfGbf]ngdf klg xfdL efu]/ Hofg arfof}+ . k|x/Ln] xfg]sf] uf]nLn] ;Fu}sf ;fyLx? n8\bf dnfO{ 5§kl§ x'GYof] .

;+ : yfgnfO{ gfkmfdf k'¥ofpg' eof] . *! nfv ?k}ofF C0f lnP/ tna v'jfpg' k/]sf] cj:yfsf] Tolx a]nfaf6 cGTo eof] . kl5 pxfFnfO{ /fhgLlts sf/0f x6fO{of] . pxfFn] sd{rf/Lsf] tna ;d]t a9fO{ lbg'eof] . ;a} sd{rf/Lx? pxfFs} kIfdf lyP . h;nfO{ xfdLn] sf/jfxLdf kf/]sf lyof}+ pgs} bfh' lhPd eP/ cfP . pgL cfPkl5 xfdLnfO{ k]Ng yflnof] . !) ah] b]lvsf] sfd ljxfg kfl/of] . To;n] ubf{ ljxfg hgfufndf /fv]sf] 8]/L aGb ug{'k¥of] . afg]Zj/df 8]/L ug{ yfn]+ . xfdLn] kf6{g/df 8]/L /fv]sf lyof}+ . ljxfg Aoj;fo / lbpF;f] hflu/ vfFbf vfFb} Tolx a]nf lgjf{rg cfof] . cfkm\gf] ufpF cfkm} agfpF eGg] cleofgdf d]/f] ;lqmo ;xeflutf /x\of] . clkm;df hflu/df k]Ng yfn]kl5 @)%# df hflu/af6 /flhgfdf lbP/ ufpF kmls{PF . @)%$ df j8f cWoIf eP kl5 s]lx ;do sfd ug{ kfO{g . Tolt a]nf vf]kf;L tfN9'+uf ;8sdf klg sfd u/]+ . pkef]Qmfx?sf] lhDdjf/L lnP/ sfd u/]sf] lyPF . ToxfF uPsf] a]nf Pp6f 36gf eof] . pxfFn] a|f08L lnP/ hfg' ePsf] /x]5 . lzIfs klg x'g'x'GYof] . dnfO{ klg yf]/} v'jfpg' eof] . pxfFn] vfPkl5 d'v 5f8\g' eof] . d}n] ;xg ;lsgF . p;nfO{ s'6]+ . p t dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xltof/ ;KnfO{ ug{] dfG5] /x]5 . dnfO{ k]:tf]n tfSof] . d}n] p;sf] 3fF6L c7\ofPF . p;sf] cfdf ?Fb} cfpg' eof] . p;n] v's'/L klg tfSof] . t/ xfGg kfPg . kl5 p;sf] cfdfn] xfdLnfO{ 5'6\ofP kl5 xfdL r'k nfUof}+ . ljxfg p;nfO{ 8/ nfu]5 . dnfO{ p;n] kl5 cfqmd0f ug{] 8/ lyof] p;nfO{ d}n] xltof/sf af/]df elglbG5 eGg] 8/ /x]5 . xfdL tLg hgf ;fyLx? lyof}+ . Ps hgfsf] lgwg eO{ ;s]sf] 5 . kl5 xfdL aLr ;xdlt eof] s;}n] s;}nfO{ s]lx gug{] / geGg] . Tof] 36gf klg cljZd/0fLo lyof] . Tolta]nf d]/f] 3/df csf{] 36gf 36\of] . dfcf]jfbLsf gfddf vfcf]jfbLx?n] d]/f] 3/ n'6]5g\ . >LdtL, a'af cfdfnfO{ ql;t agfpFb} a'afnfO{ klg s'6lk6 u/]/ !% tf]nf ;'g, sk8f ;lxt d}n] ev{/ lsg]sf] h'Qf ;d]t nu]sf /x]5g\ . kl5 k|x/Ln] rf]/x?nfO{ t kqmfp ug{ ;kmn eof] t/ ;fdfg eg] ;a} cfPg . Tolta]nf ph'/L ug{ klg 8/dg{' lyof] . ph'/L u/] 3/df cfP/ ;a}nfO{ l;Wofpg] wlDssf afah't d}n] ph'/L lbPF . d]/f] h'Qfsf cfwf/df cGoq rf]/L ul//x]sf] ;dodf k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . ;z:q o'4sf sf/0f ;a} rf]/x? kqmfp geP klg d'Vo rf]/x? kqmfp k/]sf lyP .

P;Pn;L kl5M P;Pn;L lbP/ s]lx ;od d}n] vf;fsf] ;fdfg sf7df8f} NofP/ ljqmL u/]+ . em08} 8]9 jif{ Tof] sfd ul/of] . P;Pn;L km]n ePkl5 s] sfd u/f} u/f} eGg] eof] . eG;f/ 5n]/ kf]sfkfsL Nofpg] u/]sf lyof}+ . @ ;o ?k}of gfkmf x'Fbf klg w]/} x'GYof] . k|x/Ln] ;dfpFYof] . cFw]/Ldf r]skf]:6 lyof] . ToxfF 5n]/ Nofpg' kb{Yof] . ltglkKn];Dd k|x/Ln] k5\ofpFYof] . hfFbf a;df hfg] cfpFbf lx8]/ cfpg] u/]sf lyof}+ . s6gsf] sk8f af]s]/ a; r9]sf] eg]/ ;'/fsL nfUbf] /x]5 . afx|lj;]af6 lx8]/ sf]7]df cfP/ a; r9\g] u/]sf lyof}+ . Ps k6s an]lkmdf af; a;]sf 5f}+ . k|x/L 5Ng ToxfF af; a:of}+ . s6gs} sk8f cf]9]/ s6gs} sk8f cf]5\ofP/ % ?k}ofsf] l9F8f] / u'Gb|'ssf] t/sf/L vfP/ h+und} a:of}+ . ( hgf ;fyLx?n] $% ?k}of lt/]/ l9F8f] vfPsf lyof}+ . c? ;fyLx?n] s]lx ;do Tof] sfd u/] . d}n] Tof] sfd ul/gF . d ToxfFaf6 sdfPsf] k};f ;d]t af]s]/ ;]gfsf] hflu/ vfg] ;f]rdf lx8]+ . k|x/Lsf] nv]6fO{sf sf/0f hflu/ vfg dg lyPg . ;]gf eg] klxnf b]lv g} dg kb{Yof] . @)$# ;fnsf] s'/f xf] . xfdL g]kfnL ;]gfdf hflu/ vfg g]kfnu~h uof}+ . ! xhf/ % ;o af]s]/ d a; r9]sf] lyPF . d ;Fu csf{] ;fyL lyP pgsf] ;fydf & ;o lyof] . g]kfnu~h hfFbf wgu9L hfg] a; 5'6]5 . a; * ah] 5'6]5 xfdL ;f9] * ah] k'Uof} . gj/fh lji6n] af]nfP/ xfdL uPsf lyof}+ . g]kfnu~haf6 wgu9L hfgnfO{ ef/tsf] af6f] x'Fb} hfg' kg{] /x]5 . ev{/ ;8ssf] 6«ofs vf]n]sfn] Pp6f 6«s hfg] tof/L u¥of] . Tof] 6«sd} r9]/ wgu9L hfFbf aaO{ glbdf 6«s km:of] . lbpF;e/ lx8]/ /ftsf] af; e'/Ldf af; a:of}+ . vfg gkfP/ ef]sn] dg{'eof] . s6fIf eGg] 7fpFdf a; rNbf] /x]5 . Tof] a; e]§fpg nfUbf ef]sn] cUnf] / xf]rf] 7fpF;Dd lrGg ;s]gf}+ . ToxfF kmn]sf] kmnkm'n dfUbf vfg lbPgg\ . @ ?k}of lt/]/ b'O{ hgfn] vfPsf] 36gfn] dg 5'G5 . Tof] /ft k'Ug ;lsPg . af; al;of] . ef]lnkN6 ljxfg ;f9] & sf] a; r9]/ hfFbf ToxfF cfdL{sf] tflnd z'? ePsf] b'O{ lbg eO{ ;s]5 . km]/L pxfFn] lbkfon af]nfpg' eof] . d]/f] ;fyL hfg dfGg' ePg . 3/ kmls{g] s'/fn] /fhgLltM ljBfnodf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx? s[oflzn lyP . ag]kfaf6 ljBfyL{ pxfFnfO{ ;tfof] . e]/Laf6 wgu9L k'Ubf vf]nf tg{ g;s]/ x}/fg eof] . aNnaNn ;+ u 7gsf g] tfx? ;+u7g agfpg hfg] u/]sf lyP . Ps k6s xfd|f] ljBfno aGb t/]sf] 3fF6L eGbf dfyL vf]nf cfof] . p c;fWo} /f]of] . xfdL lbkfon guO{ vlNtsf]

u/fpg g]lj;+3sf g]tfx? uPsf /x]5g\ . xfdL g]qmflj;+3df cfj4 lyof}+ . xfdLn] ljBfno aGb ug{ glbO{ kmsf{Psf lyof}+ . xfdL ;fg} b]lv sDo'lgi6 /x]5f}+ . d]/f] a'af klg Tolx k[i7e"ldsf] x'g'x"Fbf] /x]5 . a'af xfdLnfO{ 3/df ;'tfP/ s]kL a~hf/fsf] 3/df /fhgLlts sfo{qmddf hfg' x'Fbf] /x]5 . ax'bn cfPkl5 Tof] s'/f yfxf eof] . pxfFn] ;a} s'/f eGg'eof] . s]Gb|sf ;a} g]tfx? s]kL a~hf/fsf] 3/df cfpg' x'GYof] . xfd|f] 3/af6 em08} cfwf 306fsf] af6f]df /flt pxfF ;w} hfg] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ljBfnodf Tof] 5fk kg{ uof] . ljBfyL{ ;+u7gdf /x]/ ;Tosf] kIfdf xfdLn] cfGbf]ng ug{] / ;+ul7t x'g] sfd u¥of}+ . kl5 d b'w ljsf; ;+:yfgdf x'Fbf ToxfF xfd|f] txsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;+ul7t u/]/ /fhgLlt ul/of] . d]/f] gfd cfsfz lyof] . clws[t :t/sf xfd|f] ;+u7gdf lyPgg\ . @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngdf c~rnflwzsf] sfof{nodf cfuf] nufof}+ .

ToxfF uf]nL rnfpFbf ;Fu} ePsf ;fyLx? 3fO{t] eP . cfGbf]ngdf lg/Gt/ nflu/x\of}+ . dxfaf}4df Pshgf afnsn] 9'+uf lbb} lyof] . p;nfO{ k|x/Ln] uf]nL xfGof] . p 3fO{t] ePkl5 c:ktfn af]s]/ n}hfFbf c:ktfnsf] u]6 v'n]g . k|x/Ln] dnfO{ aGb'ssf] s'Gbfn] xfGof] . pgsf] pkrf/sf nflu c:ktfn k'¥ofPkl5 xfdL emg} cfqmf]lzt eof}+ . ToxfF uf8fx? /flvPsf] lyof] . vfnL uf8fx? 7]n]/ k|x/LnfO{ ToxfFaf6 wkfPsf lyof}+ . Tof] cfGbf]ngdf klg xfdL efu]/ Hofg arfof}+ . k|x/Ln] xfg]sf] uf]nLn] ;Fu}sf ;fyLx? n8\bf dnfO{ 5§kl§ x'GYof] . df]bgfy k|l>t, s]zj a8fn, ;f]dgfy a~hf/f, ld7f/fd a~hf/f, dfwj uf}td, ;fw'/fd a~hf/f nufotsf AolQmx?sf] /fhgLltdf nfUg] k|]/0ff hfUof] . kf6L{sf ljleGg lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]/ sfd ug{] qmddf b'w ljsf; ;+:yfgdf klg /fhgLlt ul/of] . b'uf{bQ hf]zLsf] zlQmsf cfwf/df d}n] ToxfF hflu/ vfPsf] lyPF . ToxfF ePsf] ljs[lt lj;+ult lj?4 klg xfdL ;+ul7t eof}+ . kl5 dnfO{ xfd|f] ;/sf/ / xfd|f] dfG5] gePkl5 k]Nb} uP . xfdL c:yfoL lyof}+ . hflu/ 5f8]/ 3/ kmls{Pkl5 ;dfh;]jf / /fhgLlt ;Fu} u/]+ . @)%$ ;fndf kf6L{n] j8f cWoIfsf] lhDd]jf/L lbof] . lgjf{lrt eP/ sfd u/]+ . l;gfufn hfg] klxnf] af6f] xfd|f] kfnfdf vf]n]sf lyof}+ . Tof] k'n klg xfdL cfkm} lgdf{0f If]qdf ;xeflu eP/ agfPsf lyof}+ . l;gfufnsf ljsf;sf x/]s sfddf d]/f] ;xeflutf lyof] . To;s} cfwf/df kf6L{n] dnfO{ :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf ;d]t pDd]bjf/ agfof] . kf6L{ g]tf tyf sfo{stf{ / hgtfsf] ckf/dfofsf sf/0f lgjf{lrt ePF . lgjf{rgsf a]nf af]n]sf k|ltj4tf cg';f/ j8f gDj/ !! nfO{ ljsf;sf lx;fjn] ;Dj[4 agfpg] cleofgdf lg/Gt/ sfd ul//x]sf] 5' . dtbftfx?sf] ljZjf;df 3ft ug{] 5}g . lxhf]h:tf] :yfgLox?sf] >dbfg x'g ;Sb}g . ;8s vGbf @* lbg lg/Gt/ sf]bfnf] lnP/ hfg] AolQmx? clxn] Ps lbg klg hfg dfGb}gg\ . gu/kflnsfsf] !% k|ltzt ;xeflutf h'6fpg klg sl7g 5 . AolQmx? cfkm\gf] dfq} Aoj:yfkgdf 5g\ . ;fdflhs If]qdf sfd ug{] ;f]r eP klg AolQmx? ;do lbg ;Sb}gg . k|]d / ljjfxM ljBfno hLjgdf ;fyLx? s;} s;}n] k|]d ub{y] . kq klg n]Vy] . s]lx ;fyLx? k|]d u/]/ eGg ;Sb}g lyP . d}n] s;}nfO{ k|]d ul/gF . d]/f] dflu ljjfx eof] . a'afx?sf] rfxgf adf]lhdsf] dflu ljjfx eof] . ;'j0f{ yfkf d]/f] >LdtLsf] gfd . sf7df8f}sf] d'nkfgLdf pgsf] 3/ lyof] . @)$& ;fndf xfdLn] ljjfx u/]sf lyof}+ . xfdLaf6 hGd]sf Ps 5f]/L / Ps 5f]/f 5g\ . b'a} ci6«]lnofdf 5g\ . d]/f] >LdtLnfO{ ulDe/ /f]u nfUof] . 3fF6Ldf SofG;/ eP5 . g]kfndf pkrf/ ;Dej geP/ ef/tdf nu]/ pkrf/ u/fP/ NofPF . wGg pgsf] pkrf/ ;Dej eof] . Tof] kL8fbfoL If0faf6 klg xfdL cuf8L al9/x\of}+ . cfkmGtsf] ;xof]udf pgnfO{ ef/t nluPsf] lyof] . 5f]/LnfO{ ljP:;L gl;{Ëdf egf{ u/]sf] rf/ dlxgf dfq} ePsf] lyof] . d}n] C0f lnP/ hUufsf] sfd ul//x]sf] lyPF . w'lnv]n c:ktfndf SofG;/ kQf nfu]kl5 XofD; c:ktfndf k'Uof}+ . 3fF6Ldf 6\o'd/ b]lvPsf] lyof] . l6lrË c:ktfndf ^ dlxgf kl5 kfnf] cfof] . ladN;]gf 8fS6/n] ck|];gsf] ldlt lbPsf] cl3Nnf] lbg g} pxfFsf] cfkmGt ljTg' eP5 . ck|];g ubf{ pgsf] xftv'§f grNg], af]nL aGb x'g ;Sg] cj:yfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] lyof] . d]/f] ldt sf7df8f}df ePsfn] pxfFsf] ;xof]udf pgnfO{ csf{] ;ftf g} ef/t k'¥ofP/ ck|];g ;kmn eof] . pgL clxn] :j:y l5g\ . km]/L cfpFbf] kmfu'gdf kmnf]cksf nflu xfdL ef/t hfFb} 5f}+ . hLjgM ;'v / b'Mvsf] ld>0f . k|]dM kfl/jf/Ls ldng . ljjfxM hLjgofkgsf nflu ckl/xfo{ . zfl//Ls ;DjGwM cfjZostf . k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{sf] ljxfgL lrGtg sfo{qmd cGtu{t zlgjf/sf] lbg ul/Psf] JolQmsf] JolQmut hLjgsf ef]ufO{ af/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/f+z . k|ltlqmofsf] nflu M motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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ag]kf÷efujtuLtfsf eQmx?n] ;+;f/e/ k':ts bfg ug{] cleofg :j?k ag]kfdf /x]sf] cGt/fli6«o s[i0f efjgfd[t ;+3 -OKsf]g_ df efujtuLtfsf] t'nf bfg ul/Psf] 5 . …efujtuLtfsf eQmn] cfkm\gf] tf}n a/fa/sf] efujtuLtf t'nfdf hf]v]/ bfg ug{' eof]Ú–efujtuLtfsf eQm Pj+ efjgfd[t ;+3 ag]kfsf k|d'v dw'lehfn] atfP . dfwj rfln;] cyf{t pgsf] efujtuLtfsf eQm cg';f/ lblIft eP kl5sf] gfd dw'lehf xf] . kftn]v]t lgjf;L cflbTo ltdlN;gfn] efujtuLtfnfO{ Psflt/ /fVb} cfkm' csf{] lt/ a;]/ bfg u/]sf lyP . ag]kfdf x/]s zlgaf/ efujtuLtf ;DjGwL k|jrg / ehg x'G5 . ;fy} ;flTjs ef]hg ;d]t u|x0f u/fO{G5 . of] ;do ;+;f/e/ efujtuLtf bfg ug{] ;do ePsfn] To;sf eQmx?n] ljt/0f ul//x]sf 5g\ . ahf/df kg{] d'No eGbf ;:tf] d'Nodf g]kfnL efiffdf cg'jfb ul/Psf] pQm efujtuLtf *$ j6f ltdlN;gfn] bfg u/] . …! ;o !! j6f bfg

o'jf;“u !) k|Zg e'jg /fodfemL cGwsf/sf] ofqf xf] . af6f] eP/ dfq x'Gg uGtAo k|i6 x'g h?/L 5 . · OG6/g]6 slQsf] k|of]u ug{'x'G5 < OG6/g]6n] dflg;nfO{ v'DrfPsf] xf] < cfh ef]lnsf] ;do lagf OG6/g]6 t s] ;Dej 5 / t/ ;dosf] ;lx ;b'kof]usf nflu k|of]u ug{'k5{ h:tf] nfU5 . OG6/g]6df ;+;f/ / ;+;f/df OG6/g]6 v'Dr]s} 5. · 3'dlkm/ / e]63f6 slQsf] dgk5{ < km';{bsf] ;do s;/L latfpg'x'G5 < 3'Dg dg t kl/g} xfN5 t/ ;fyLefO{ ;+usf] e]63f6 slxn] sfxLF jf ljz]if cj;/df ul/G5 . km';{bsf] ;do OG6/g]6sf] k|of]udf latfpg] ub{5' . · /fhgLtL slQsf] dgk5{ < /fhgLtLdf o'jf ;xeflutf lsg h?/L < g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt / g]tfaf6 ;Gt'i6 5}g t/ /fhgLltdf ?lr rflxF 5 . ;Ifd / lehg ePsf] o'jfx?sf] /fhgLltdf k|j]z h?/L 5 . · oj'fx? cWoog / /fh ] uf/Lsf nflu labl]zg] qmdnfO{ s;/L lngx ' G'5 < of] /fd|f] x}g t/ x/ g]kfnL o'jfsf] afWotf xf] lab]lzg' . lzIff eP klg Ifdtf cg'?ksf] /f]huf/L 5}g . /f]huf/L x'bf ;'/lIft eljio 5}g h;sf/0f o;nfO{ ;fdfGo ?kdf lnG5' . · k|]dsf] rrf{ lsg o'jf cj:yfdf x'G5 < ;dfhdf lsg k|]d hf]l8nfO{ /fd|f] gh/n] x]l/Gg < h'g s'g} s'/fsf] dxTj pb\ud ;dodf x'G5 . o'jf ;dodf k|]d ;fdfGo xf] / rrf{

ug{] of]hgf ;lxt vl/b u/]/ NofPF, tf}n sd ePsfn] bfg ubf{ *$ j6f dfq} lbg ;s]+Ú–cflbTon] eg]–…efujtuLtf bfg u/]/ k'0o ldNg] 5 .Ú …cfkm' dfq} v'zL eP/ ;+;f/ v'zL x'g ;Sb}g, ;+;f/ v'zL agfpg' efujtuLtfsf] ;f/ xf]Ú–pgn] eg]–…wd{ s'g dfGg] eGbf klg efujtuLtfsf] ;Gb]z / 1fg ;Dk"{0f dfgjhftLsf nflu pQd 5 .Ú eujfgsf] wfddf k|j]z ug{ ;xh x'g] ePsfn] efujtuLtfsf] bfg of] dlxgf pQd dflgPsf] dfwj rfln;]n] atfP . pgL sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnodf ul0ft ljifosf] cWofkg u/fpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . cflbTo On]lS6«s OlGhlgo/ x'g\ . efujtuLtfsf] ahf/ d'No # ;odf vl/b u/]sf cflbTon] @% xhf/ @ ;o ?k}of a/fa/sf] efujtuLtf x:tfGt/0f u/]sf 5g\ . ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj, ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f nufotsf] pb]Zo /flvPsf] pQm cleofg cyft{ efujtuLtfsf] cWoog ljZjsf ljleGg d'n'sx?df ljBfno txd} /flvPsf] 5 . /fwfci6dL, s[i0fci6dL / zlgaf/ efujtuLtfsf] ljz]if k|jrg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

ladnnfn l;ss ' f] >4f~hnL ;ef ToxL a]nf x'G5 h'g a]nf xfdL ;uF ;do x'G5 . k|]ddf x'g] hfnem]nn] ubf{ klg k|]d abgfd xb'F} 5 . · cGTodf========= cGTodf d]/f] egfOnfO{ :yfg lbg' ePsf]df r]i6f ;fKtflxs kl/jf/nfO{ wGoafb . hLjgdf nIo sfod u/f}, ;kmntf xfdLnfO{ k5\ofpg] 5 .

ag]kf÷;dfh;]hL, lzIff;]jL tyf d'6' hf]ufpg] cleofgsf cleofGtf ag]kf lgjf;L ljdnnfn l;s' >]i7sf] >4f~hnL ;ef cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn Xbo/f]u k|lti7fg sfe|]sf cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf l;s' d'6' hf]ufp cleofgdf lg/Gt/ ;lqmo lyP . sfo{jfxs cWoIf Pj+ k|lti7fgsf lhNnf pkfWoIf czf]s >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg >4f~hnL ;efdf af]Ng] clwsf+z AolQmx?n] ljdnnfn l;s'n] ;dfhdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ u/]sf lyP . @)#! ;fn b]lv lzIf0f k]zfdf ;+nUg ladnnfn l;s' >]i7 @)$^ b]lv @)^^ ;Dd cfhfb dfWolds ljBfnodf sfo{/t lyP . sfo{qmddf k|lti7fgsf s]lGb|o dxf;lrj 8f=

k|sfz/fh /]lUdn] d'6' hf]ufpg ljdnnfn l;s'n] v]n]sf] e"ldsfsf] rrf{ u/]sf lyP . Xbo/f]u k|lt07fgsf lgj{tdfg cWoIf xl/eQm ef]lIfef]ofn] ljdnnfn l;s'sf] lhjgLsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . k"j{ /fHodGqL s~rgrGb| afb], g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt dw' cfrfo{, ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb], ljdnnfn l;s'sf] ljBfyL{x?sf] tkm{af6 s[i0fk|;fb sfoZy, ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] tkm{af6 xl/ d~h'>L, kfFrvfn pkzfvfsf ;+of]hs bfdf]b/ clwsf/L nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ag]kfsf gu/k|d'v jfb]n] g]kfn x[bo/f]u k|lti7fgsf] nflu c:ktfn agfpgsf] nflu cfjZos ;xof]u ug{] atfP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !((% r}q

:juf{/f]x0f @)&% k'; !#

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r]i6f ;fKtflxs

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Ps ;o hgf pkl:yt pQm sfo{qmddf ck|];g ug{' kg{] lj/fdLnfO{ ljz]if 5'6 ;lxt lgMz'Ns oftfoftsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] cWoIf cldt Gof}kfg]n] atfP .

jif{ @% c+s !) @)&% k'; @^ ut] ljxLjf/

ag]kf÷g]kfn oftfoft Aoa;foL /fli6«o dxf;+3sf] ;dGjo ;ldtL sfe|]df x]nDa' oftfoft ;]jf ;ldltsf cWoIf /fh]z >]i7 ;+of]hsdf r'lgPsf 5g\ . dxf;+3n] && j6} lhNnfdf g} ;dGjo ;ldtLnfO{ lj:tf/ ub{] nlug] cWoIf of]u]Gb|gfy sdf{rfo{n] atfP . ;ldtLn] ;a} Aoa;foLx?;Fu ;dGjo ug{sf nflu ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] xf] . en ] fdf gk]fn oftfoft Aoa;foL dxf;3+sf sl]Gbo| cWoIf ofu]G]bg|fy sdfrfo,{

gk]fn pBfu] jfl0fHo dxf;3+sf sl]Gbo| ;b:o ;/'si[0f aB } , nufot Aoa;foLx?sf] pkl:ytL /xs ] f] lyof] . ;dGjo ;ldtLsf] ;lrjdf sfe]| ldlga; ;j]f ;ldtLsf cWoIf /fhz ] ;G'b/ ;h }+ ,' sfi]ffWoIfdf afUdtL l6k/ Aoa;foL ;3+sf pkfWoIf gljg aB } ;b:odf sfe]| a;sf cWoIf lbn axfb/' zflx, lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft ;j]f ;ldtLsf cWoIf cfTdf/fd yfkf rog ePsf xN]Da' oftfoft ;j]f ;ldtLsf sfofn { o kd|v ' ldng >i]7n] hfgsf/L lbP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @))*.!).@)

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vf]Hg] xf] . c?n] s]lx u¥of] jf u/]sf] 5}g tkm{ Wofg lbg' xf]O{g pbfx/l0fo sfd cfkm}+ u/]/ b]vfpg] xf] . h;sf] k|ltkmn ;sf/fTds kl/jt{gsf ?kdf l9nf] t/ cjZo /fd|f] ?kdf cfpF5 . To;sf nflu ;do, ;dfh / ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{ bf]if lbg] cfkm" s]lx ug{ / bf]if lng grfxg] xfd|f k|j[lQx?af6 xfdL hlxn] cnu /xg ;Sg' kb{5 . l/;, 8fx, O{iof{, 3[0ff Tofu ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . g;s]klg cfkm}+ z'? ug'{ x'Gg To;k|lt pQ]lht x'g] agfpg] sfd ug'{x'Gg . ;s];Dd ;xof]u, bof, dfofF, ljZjf; / e/f];f sfod ug{ / lbnfpg ;Sg' kb{5 . ;w}+ k|ultzLn larf/x?sf] ;dy{s / ;xof]uL /xg' kb{5 . b]zsf nflu lagf :jfy{ of]ubfg ug]{x?nfO{ cfbz{ AolQm agfpg' kb{5 . d}n] rNtLsf] af6f]df b]v]sf] s]/fsf] af]qmf x6fPF, Pp6f caf]w afns af6f] sfl6/x]sf] b]v]/ xft ;dft]/ af6f] s6fPF, ;fusf] xl/of] kfgL kmfNb} u/]sf] efG5]nfO{ b]v]/ ;hs u/fPF, b[li6lalxgsf] ;]tf] 5l8 v;]sf] b]v]/ p7fOlbPF, cfkm" cfTdlge{/

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efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @))&.%.!(

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&%.*.!)

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efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !(**

hGd @))(.%.@#

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b'? u0f]z art tyf C0f ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ ag]kf g=kf !#, ;fFuf, sfe|]

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efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.(.!*

nflu t ;a}n] u5{g\ t/ dg{sf nflu tof/L ug]{ sfd xf] b]zsf nflu of]ubfg . dflg;n] dflg; eP/ ;Gt'li6k"0f{ d/0f ug{ ul/g] sfo{ xf] b]zsf nflu of]ubfg . hf] tkfO{ xfdL h];'s} sfdaf6 ug{ ;Sb5f}F . olx / o:t} ug'{kg]{ eGg] slxF n]lvPsf] x'Gg h'g;'s} ;'xfFpbf] sfd h'g cfkm"nfO{ v'zL ;''vL clg ;Gt'li6 klg /xg ;lsG5 Tolx lhDd]jf/L xf] b]zsf nflu of]ubfg . cfkm"n] hlxn]klg ;sf/fTds ?kaf6 s] / s:sf nflu /fd|f] ug{ ;S5' eGg] lrGtg ul//xg ;Sg' klg b]zsf nflu of]ubfg} ;/x xf] lsgsL To;af6 ;lx efj hlGdG5 . ;lx efjn] ;lx of]hgfx? aG5g\ / ;lx ofhgfn] ;lx sfo{x? x'G5g\ ;lx sfo{n] ;lx k|ltkmn lbG5g\ / ;lx k|ltkmn b]zsf nflu of]ubfg xf] . o;af6 k'li6 x'g] s'/f s]xf] eg] dg arg / sd{n] ;lx sfo{lt/ k|]l/t x'g' b]zsf nflu jf:tljs of]ubfg xf] . egfO{ u/fO{ / ;f]rfO{df ;sf/fTdstf g} ;fFrf] ofubfg xf] . o;sf cnfjf zf:qdf elgPsf] 5 1fg lbg', bfg lbg' / ;Ddfg lbg' g} dflg;sf] kl/ro xf] . h'g d/]kl5 5f]8\g ;lsG5 of] k[YjLdf Tolx xf] of]ubfg .

To;sf/0f xfdLn] of]ubfg / kl/jt{g 7"nf sfd / dfg ;Ddfgdf vf]Hg' xf]O{g . ;fgf t/ cToGt ;+j]bgzLn / clt cfjZos s'/fdf

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.(.!%

:j= ljdn l;s' >]i7 o; ljBfnosf k"j{ k|wfgfWofks ljdn l;s' >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]sfs'n kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7 cWoIf

/fh]Gb|s'df/ ah|rfo{ k|wfgfWofks

>L r08]Zj/L df=lj= kl/jf/ ag]kf $, gfnf, sfe|]

;+of]hs tyf

kdf8L 6f]n ;'wf/ ;ldlt kl/jf/

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd @))^.#.!@

ab|Lbf; wf]h" kgf}tL &, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd @)$&.!).!)

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%.(.!%

:j= lg? >]i7 lnof] Sna ckm kgf}tLsf cWoIf lnof] pld{nf >]i7sf] ;xf]bo alxgL lg? >]i7sf] cNkfo"d} c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] !@ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]sfs'n kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

nfog /fh]z >]i7 cWoIf

nfoG; Sna ckm kgf}tL kl/jf/, kgf}tL, sfe|]

lnof] lji0f lvj~hf/ pkfWoIf

lnof] Sna ckm kgf}tL kl/jf/, kgf}tL, sfe|]

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ljdn;/ /x]gg\ df]xg b'jfn uf]ljGbnfn l;s' >]i7 ag]kfsf k|ltli7t lzIfssf ?kdf Vofltk|fKt lyP . log}sf h]i7 ;'k'q ljdnnfnsf] hGd @))^ c;f/ !& df ag]kf, ef]nfvf6f]ndf ePsf] xf] . dWodjuL{o kl/jf/df hGd]sf ljdnnfnn] b'O6f 5f]/f, Pp6L 5f]/L / >LdtL ;fg'd}+ofsf] nf8Kof/df hLjgsf qmdx? u'hf/L/x]sf lyP . lzIf0f;]jf uf}/jk"0f{ ;dfh;]jfs} ?kdf JofKt 5Fbf logsf a'afn] cfhfbdf lzIf0f;]jf ubf{–ub}{ kl5 lzIff;bg dflj :yfkgf ug]{ cleofgdf ;lqmo /x]/ ;]jf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;} ljBfnodf !$ jif{sf] 5Fbf ljdnn] klg :jo+;]js lzIfs eO{ ;]jf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . hLjge/ g} lzIf0f;]jf u/]/ /dfPsf logsf a'af uf]ljGbnfn;/n] cltl/Qm ;]jf eg]sf] g} ;flxTo–n]vgdf cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t t'NofPsf] b]lvG5 . c+u|]hLsf lzIfs ePsf]n] c+u|]hL Jofs/0fsf k':tsx? / ljBfnodf b]vfpg …;fg]Ú, …/fd'Ú gf6ssf k':tsx? logn] @)@)–@)@@ ;fn;Dddf k|sflzt u/fPsf] b]lvG5 . log} uf]ljGbnfn;/sf h]i7 ;'k'q ljdnnfnn] klg afa's} af6f] dg k/fP/ lzIfs eP . $) ;f}+ jif{ logn] lzIf0f ;]jf u/] . gfnfl:ylt r08]Zj/L dfljdf / k|f}9 lzIff lgs]tg ag]kfdf klg lzIf0f;]jf k'¥ofPsf logn] cfhfb dfljdf lzIfsdfq ePgg\ s]xL jif{;Dd k|wfgfWofks eO{ ;]jf k'¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 . ;/n, OdfGbf/ b]lvg' logsf] :jefj xf] . cgfjZos ljjfbdf gkg'{ / cfkm"n] cfTd;ft u/]sf] af6f]df lg/Gt/ nflu/xg vf]Hg' logsf] cfbt clj:d/0fLo b]lvG5 . hxfF–hxfF logn] lzIf0f;]jf u/] logL st} / s'g} klg 7fpFdf ljjfbdf k/]gg\ . hLjgsf clwsf+z ;do lzIf0f l;sfOdf nfu]sf logL lzIfsx?sf nflu pbfx/0fLo JolQmTj x'g\ .

logL deGbf ! jif{ ! dlxgfn] sfG5f] eP tfklg xfdLx? ;dsfnLg ldqh:t} Jojxf/ uYof}{+ . Pp6} 6f]n ef]nfvf6f]n cyf{t\ clxn]sf] j8f g+= * df xfdL /xGYof}+ . ;w}+h;f] e]63f6 eO/xg]Ù cf–cfˆgf] ofqfdf nflu/xg kfpFbf uf}/j ug]{ xfdLx? e]63f6df Ps–csf{df dg ;f6f;f6 ul//xGYof}+ . @)%@ ;fnlt/ logL d'6' /f]un] kLl8t eof] . logn] afOkf; ;h{/L ug'{k¥of] . d'6'/f]usf] kL8fn] cfkm"nfO{ kLl8t agfPkl5 logL Ps/ˆtf/n] d'6' /f]uLx?sf] ;]jf ug]{, o; /f]uaf6 aRg hgr]tgf afF8\g] cleofgdf lg/Gt/ nflu/x] cyf{t\ g]kfn Åbo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fg, ag]kfdf logL ;lqmok"j{s nflu/x] . ;w}+, ;a}a]nfh;f] o; k|lti7fgdf nflu/x]s} sf/0fn] logL o; k|lti7fgsf sfe|] lhNnfs} cWoIfdfq /x]gg\, s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:o;Dd eO{ ;]jf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . kl5Nn f] sfnv08df logsf] ;lqmotf o;} k|lti7fgdfkm{t\ :jf:Yo If]qdf ;]jf eO/x]sf] sf/0fn] logL :jf:Yo;]jssf ?kdf lrlgg'kg]{ pNn]vof]Uo JolQmTj /x]/ uPsf] b]lvG5 . lzIf0f;]jf k'¥ofP/ cfˆgf] zfnLg JolQmTj agfP/ hfg ;kmn logL :jf:Yo;]jfdf klg logn] ag]kf eP/ /fi6«df ;d]t cfˆgf] s[ofzLn rf]vf] r]x/f b]vfP/ hfg ;kmn eP . 3/, ;dfh / cfkm"n] ;]jf k'¥ofOPsf ynf]x?df ljjfbLt g/xg' eg]sf] s'g} klg JolQmsf] dxfg rl/qsf] dxfgtd pbfx/0f xf] . oxL sd{ k'¥ofP/ logL uPsf] b]lvG5 . dfG5]sf] d"Nofª\sg ug'{ eg]sf] p;n] k'¥ofP/ uPsf] If]qleqsf] ;]jfsf] n]vfhf]vf xf] . ljdnnfnn] cfkm"nfO{ of]Uo lzIfssf ?kdf / hgtfdf :jf:Yo;]jf k'¥ofP/ ;dfh;]jssf klxrfgdf cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t g]

cfwf/e't lzIff / ljlQo ;fIf/tf ag]kf÷km'Nrf]ls o'jf Sna, ag]kf–!!, ;Nn]n] l;h{glzn dlxnf hfu/0f cleofg / ;af]{bo g]kfnsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf Pkm=cf/ Pn O6fnLsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf cfkm\g} ufpFdf cfwf/e't lzIff / ljlQo ;fIf/tf lzIff ;rfng u/]sf] 5 . ufpFdf /x]sf] clzlIft dlxnfx?nfO @ ;d'xdf laefhg ul/ gfd ;d]t n]Vg gcfpg] AolQmx?nfO{ cfwf/e't lzIff / cln cln cIf/ lng hfGg]x?nfO{ ljlQo ;fIf/tf lzIff lbb} cfPsf] 5 . pQm cfwf/e't lzIff lng] @# hgf / ljlQo ;fIf/tf lzIff lng] @^ hgf /x]sf 5g . cfwf/e't lzIff Snasf ;b:o ;'>L lgd{nf yfkf du/ / ljlQo ;fIf/tf lzIff Snasf sf]iffWoIf ;'>L rGb|dfof tfdf‹n] tflnd lnO{ ;rfng u/]sf lyP .

a'8f]n ;fd'bflos art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–^, a'8f]nsf] C0f r'Qmf ug{]af/] #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lng'ePsf] tkl;n adf]lhdsf] tkfOF C0fLn] C0f lnFbf u/L lbPsf] lnvt -td;'s_ sf] zt{df tf]lsP cg';f/ a'emfpg' kg{] ;fFjf, Aofh /sd ga'emfO{ C0f lnFbf u/]sf] zt{ sj'lnotsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] / ;+:yfaf6 df}lvs, lnlvt / JolQmut e]63f6åf/f k6s–k6s t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ;f]sf] s'g} jf:tf gu/L C0fsf] ;fFjf, Jofh e'QmfgL ug{] tkm{ s'g} tbf?stf gb]vfPsf] / ;+:yfnfO{ ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ /sdx? glt/]sf] ga'emfPsf]n] jfWotfj; of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . k|yd ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq o; ;+:yfnfO{ cfkm'n] a'emfpg afFsL /x]sf] ;fFjf, Aofh, xhf{gf / cGo b}b:t'/ ;lxtsf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd Psd'i7 a'emfpg ;"lrt ul/G5 . ;f] Dofbleq klg e'QmfgL ug{ afFsL /sd o; ;+:yfnfO{ ga'emfO{ cfn6fn u/]df ;+:yfsf] C0f gLlt cg';f/ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lwtf] lnnfd ;DaGwL k|s[of ckgfO{ ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] Joxf]/f C0fL, hdfgLstf{ nufot ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . tklzn

;fy} ;+:yfaf6 C0f lnP/ C0fsf] ls:tf, Aofh ga'emfpg] / efvf g3fpg] cGo C0fLx?nfO{ ;d]t e'QmfgLsf] nflu ;"lrt ul/G5 .

xflb{s awfO{ o; ;+:yfsf z]o/ ;b:o /Ltf uf}td ldlt @)&% kf}if @$ ut] ;DkGg cf/De dfO{s|f]kmfO{gfG; ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] rf}yf] aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 $ aif{] sfo{sfnsf] nflu lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ tyf ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf Aotm ub{5f}+ . uf]kfn k|;fb l3ld/] cWoIf

ljsf; zdf{ ltdlN;gf pkfWoIf

gd:sf/ dxf°fnHof]tL ax'pB]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 kl/jf/ d'Vo sfof{noM– ag]kf–*,sfe|] ,;]jf s]Gb|M– sf7df8f}+–#@, sf]6]Zj/

t'NofP/ uPsf] b]lvG5 . …w8\sgÚ k|lti7fgaf6 k|sflzt :jf:Yo :dfl/sfdf logn] cfkm"nfO{ of]Uo / ;lqmo ;Dkfbssf ?kdf b]vfP/ uPsf 5g\ . Åbo/f]usf cg'ejL tyf Åbo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fgsf ;lqmo cleoGtf ePs} sf/0fn] logn] Åbo/f]u s:tfnfO{ nfU5g\ / /f]u gnufpg ug'{kg]{ sfo{–sd{x?af/] n]vx?af6 kl/ro u/fPsf 5g\ . …w8\sgÚ df k|sflzt …Åbo /f]uaf/] dnfO{ nfu]sf s'/fx?Ú df logn] cfˆgf] cg'ej o;/L n]v]sf 5g\– ædf;'lagf vfg} g?Rg], vfgf–gf:tfkl5 r'/f]6 geO{ gx'g], a]n'sL gkb}{ gfgfy/Lsf rd]gfsf ;fydf dBkfg ug}{kg]{, gfO6f] g} kmf6\g] u/L c3fpg} kg]{, laxfg * gah];Dd cf]5\ofg 5f]8\g cN5L ug]{, b'O{ kfOnf lx+8] k'Ug] 7fpFdf u'8\g] ;fwg g} rflxg] h:tf c:j:ys/ hLjgz}nLn] g} sd pd]/d} d'6'/f]unfO{ lgDTofpFbf] /x]5 .Æ oL egfOx? ljdnhLn] cfˆgf] cg'ejs} qmddf JoQm u/]sf x'g\ . o;} ;Gbe{df cfˆgf] ljrf/df cufl8 n]v]sf 5g\– æoftfoftsf] ;'ljwfn] lx+8\g] sd x'g], l6eL÷sDKo'6/h:tf ;fwgx?df e'Ng], cl:y/ /fhgLlts dfxf]n, dflg;x? s'g} g s'g} kf6L{ut ljjfbx?df km:g], /ftf/ft wgL aGg] xf]8, cgfjZos cfk;L Oiof{ / 8fxh:tf tgfjo'Qm hLjgz}nLnfO{ cjZo klg :j:ys/ hLjgz}nL eGg ;ls+b}g . jf:tjdf o:tf]

jif{ @% c+s !) @)&% k'; @^ ut] ljxLjf/

;bfrf/ ;DjGwL 5nkmn

[Q j m Q l Jo c:j:ys/ vfgkfg / /xg;xgn] g} clxn] pRr /Qmrfk, dw'd]x, bdvf]sL, d'6'/f]uh:tf g;g]{ /f]ux?af6 kLl8t x'g]x?sf] ;ª\Vof ;dfhdf lbgk|ltlbg a9\b} uO/x]sf] xfdL kfp5Ff}+ .Æ cg'ej u/]/ k|fKt u/]sf lzIffsf x/kmx? x'g\ oL dfly pNn]v ePsf k|;ª\ux? . o;y{ eGg ;lsG5Ù ljdnnfn l;s' >]i7 lzIff / :jf:Yo ljifosf cg'ejL lzIfs x'g\ . ;/n hLjg afFr]/ pRr ljrf/ af]s]/ cfkm"nfO{ ;dfhdf ;dlk{t t'NofO/xg ;Sg' g} cfkm" dxfg x'g' xf] . ljdnnfnn] klg oxL l;sf] u/]/ cfkm"nfO{ ;dfhdf pEofP . lzIf0f;]jfdf yfs]gg\ logL To;}n] rfnL;f}+ jif{;Dd lzIf0fl;sfOdf logL nflu/x] . cfˆg} 9ª\usf] lzIf0f;]jf k'¥ofP/ cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t t'NofPs} sf/0fn] logL s;}sf] nflu laem\g], kf]Ng] vfnsf lzIfs ag]gg\ . o;}u/L ;dfh;]jfs} ?kdf logn] …Åbo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fgÚ df lbnf]Hofg lbO{ nflu/Xof] . o; If]qdf klg logL nfu]sf]nfUo} u¥of] . ;dfhsf Pshgf pbfx/0fLo lzIfs, ;dfh;]jfsf If]qdf :d/0f /lx/xg] Pshgf JolQmTj ljdnnfn l;s' ;dfhsf nflu cfjZos /xFbf/xFb} oxL k'; !% ut] cfOtaf/ lbj+ut eP cyf{t\ b]x Tofu u/]— t/ logL ;dfhsf nflu ;Demgf ug{nfossf JolQmTj ag]/ uP . d[To'sf] of] zf]sk"0f{ 38Ldf zf]s;+tKt kl/jf/hgk|lt rL/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ ;dj]bgf JoQm ul//x]5' . ljdnnfn;/df xflb{s >4f~hln JoQm ub{5' / elg/x]5'— d[To'Ù hLjg afFRb}ubf{ ;w}+ b]lv/xg'kg]{ zfZjt;To xf], hLjgÙ d[To';Fu;Fu} bf]xf]l/P/ uO/xg'kg]{ csf]{ gfd xf], hLjg / d[To' eg]sf] t lbg / /ftem}+— ;Fu;Fu} cFufnf] df/]/ lxFl8/xg] sd{–;Tos} ?k xf] .

ag]kf÷;bfrfl/tf, OdfGbfl/tf, kf/blz{tf, hjfbb]lxtf / >[hglzntf ;lxt sd{hf/Lx?nfO{ pTs[i6 cfO{8n 5gf}6 ug{] cleofg cg'?k lhNnfdf OlG6«u6L ;jld6 @)!( sf af/]df ag]kfdf hfgsf/L u/fO{Psf] 5 . gful/s ;dfhsf AolQmx?n] sd{rf/L 6«]8 o'lgogsf cWoIf /fhs'df/

x'dfufO{, kqsf/ dxf;+3 k|b]z gDj/ # sf ;lrj ;'/]z x'dfufO{, /f]zL ufpFkflnsf cWoIf l8aL nfdf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, @)!& sf pTs[i6 cfO{8n sd{rf/L s[i0f lwtfn nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . ;xeflux?n] p7fPsf] lh1f;fsf] pQ/ ;xeflux?n] lbPsf lyP .

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s

;jf/L ;fwg kfls· { zN's p7fpg] ;DjGwL bf; ] f|] k6s lznjGbL b/efpkq cfJxfgsf] ;r " gf k|yd k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ldlt M @)&%.(.@^

o; gu/kflnsf If]q leqsf] ;jf/L ;fwg kfls{Ë If]q ;DjGwL ljj/0fdf tf]lsPsf] If]q leq kflsË ug]{ ;jf/L ;fwgx?df tf]lsPsf] b/ /]6df cfly{s jif{ @)&%÷)&^ sf] afFsL cjwL / cfly{s jif{ @)&^.)&& -@)&& cfiff9 d;fGt ;Dd_sf] nfuL ;jf/L ;fwgdf kfls{Ë z'Ns 7]Ssfdf p7fpg' kg]{ ePsf]n] pQm sfo{ ug{ O{R5's kmd{, sDkgL tyf ;+3 ;+:yfx?af6 tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd c+sdf g36g] ul/ b]xfosf] zt{sf] clwgdf /lx lznjGbL b/efp kq cfJxfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;jf/L ;fwg kfls{· ;DjGwL ljj/0f

zt{x?

• b/efp kq of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltn] & lbgsf] sfof{no ;do leq kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+3 ;+:yf btf{ tyf gljs/0fsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk kfg-Pan_btf{ k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk tyf s/ r'Qmf k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnlk ;+nUg ul/ lgj]bg ;fy?= !))).)) -Ps xhf/_ gub} ltl/ o; sfof{nosf] /fhZj zfvfajf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

• vl/b ul/Psf] b/efpkq lznjGbL ul/ of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] * cf} lbgsf] lbg !@=)) jh] leq o; sfof{nodf cfkm'n] saf]n u/]sf] saf]n c+ssf] %Ün] x'gcfpg] w/f}6L /sd o; sfof{nosf] gfpFdf /f=jf=j}+s w'lnv]n zfvfdf /x]sf] w/f}6L lx=g+ !)$)#)#))&!)@ df gub} hDdf u/]sf] j}+s ef}r/ jf o; sfof{nosf gfpFdf hf/L u/]sf] dfGotf k|fKt jfl0fHo j}+ssf] b/efp kq bflvnf ug]{ clGtd ldltn] () lbg Dofb ePsf] lj8 j08 ;Ssn} ;+nUg ul/ k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 . pQm lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf kg{ uPdf ;f]sf] ef]lnkN6 x'g]5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] b/efpkq pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL ul/g] 5}g .

• Dofbleq btf{ ePsf lznjGbL b/efpkqx? b/efpkq bftf jf lghsf] k|ltlgwL / sfof{nosf k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df btf{ ePsf] lbgsf] @=)) jh] o; sfof{nodf vf]lng] 5 . b/efp kq bftf jf lghsf] k|ltlgwL pkl:yt gePdf klg b/efpkq vf]Ng s'g} jfwf kg]{ 5}g .

• b/efpkq ebf{ cfkm'n] sjf]n u/]sf] /sd c+s / cIf/df :ki6 n]vL k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 . c+s / cIf/df n]lvPsf] /sd km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] /sdnfO{ dfGotf lbO{g]5 .

• b/efpkq :jLs[t ;DjlGw hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] &-;ft_ lbg leq sjf]n c+ssf] @% k|ltzt gub} tyf afFsL /sdsf] xsdf o; sfof{nosf] kIfdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotf k|fKt jfl0fHo j}+saf6 hf/L ePsf] k|To]s ls:tfsf] 5'§f 5'§} sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgL kq ;lxt ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg' kg]{5 .

• kfls{Ë z'Ns p7fpFbf gu/ ;efaf6 kfl/t ePsf] o; sfof{non] tf]s]sf] b/ /]6df dfq kfls{Ë z'Ns p7fpg kfOg] 5 .

• kflsË z'Ns p7fpg] /l;b Jofj;foLn] cfkmg} vr{df 5fkL o; sfof{noaf6 k|dfl0lt u/fO{ k|of]u ug'{ kg]{ 5 .

• kfls{Ë z'Ns p7fpg] ;Dk"0f{ bfoLTj 7]s]bf/sf] x'g]5 To;df sfof{non] s'g} lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{ 5}g ;fy} k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]hLd ltg'{kg]{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;Dk"0f{ s/x? 7]s]bf/ :jo+n] j'emfpg' kg]{5 .

• tf]lsPsf] j;kfs{ If]qsf] ;/;kmfO{ tyf jftfj/0f ;kmf /fVg] sfo{ 7]s]bf/ kIfn] ug'{ kg]{ 5 .

• 7s ] b]f/ / sfofn { o ljrdf 7S]sf ;DjGwL sg'} lsl;dsf] eme}mdn ] f kg{ cfPdf ;fs ] f] ;dfwfg ug{ gu/ sfo{ kflnsfn] lg0fo{ ug5]{ . gu/ sfo{ kflnsfsf] lg0fo{df 7s ] b]f/sf] sg'} ph/'L nfUg] 5g} .

• cf=j= @)&%÷&^ sf] afFsLcjwL / cf=j= @)&^.)&& -@)&& cfiff9 d;fGt_ sf nflu pQm If]qsf] kfls{Ë z'Nssf] Go"gtd 7]Ssf /sd ?= !(,@),))).)) -pGgfO{; nfvlj; xhf/ dfq_ sfod ul/Psf] 5 .

• k|fKt b/efpkq :jLs[t ug]{ of gug]{ ;Dk'0f{ clwsf/ o; sfof{nodf ;'/lIft /xg] 5 .

• o;df pNn]v gePsfcGo s'/fx? k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]hLd x'g]5 .

xflb{s awfO{ o; ;+:yfsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t >L dbg a:g]t g]ˆ:s'g ;fsf]; d]g]h;{ Snjsf] ;+of]hs x'g' ePsf]df pxfF nufot gj ul7t d]g]h;{ Snjsf ;Dk"0f{ l6dnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ tyf sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf AoQm ub{5f}+ .

k|sfz aGhf/f cWoIf Pj+

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

;?ntf d'Qms ahf/df

ag]kf÷lj/fg6u/ df]/Ë hlGdO{ ag]kfdf :yfoL a;f]af; ul//x]sL zf/bf l3dL/] e}nn] ;?ntf d'Qms ;+u|x k|sfzg u/]sL l5g\ . zf/bf l3dL/] e}nn] n]v]sf] d'QmsnfO{ k'ik/fu ;flxTo k|lti7fg eQk'/n] k|sfzg u/]sf] xf] . h'gls/L ;flxTo cleofgsf] ;b:o, k' i k/fu ;flxTo k|lti7fgsf] cflhjg ;b:o, xft]dfnf] ;flxTo ;+udsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:o ;d]t /x]sL zf/bf l3dL/]n] ;flxToLs ofqfsf] klxnf] kfO{nfsf] ?kdf @)$@ ;fndf ul/j lzif{ssf] uB sljtf n]v]sL lyO{g . @)$( ;fndf ag]kfsf OGb|gf/fo0f e}n;Fu ljjfx u/]sL lyO{g\ . ljjfxkl5 ;flxToLs ofqf

s]lx ;':tfPkl5 zf/bf l3dL/]n] w]/} jif{ kl5 ;flxToLs ofqfx?;Fu hf]l8g yfn]sL lyO{g\ . g]kfnsf ljleGg kqklqsf tyf cGt{/fli6«o :t/df ;d]t sljtfx? k|sfzg eO{;s]sf zf/bfsf s]lx /rgfx? cem} k|sfzg x'g afFsL 5g\ . ;?ntf d'Qms k|sfzgsf nflu ljleGg If]qaf6 xf};nf ldn]sf] atfPsL l5g\ . kl/jf/, cfkmGt / cu|hx?sf] ;Nnfx / ;xof]un] ;?ntf k|sfzg ug{ ;Dej ePsf] pgn] atfO{g\ . ;?ntfn] d'Qmsdf k|of]u ul/Psf zAbx?, n]lvPsf efjx? / l;Ëf] d'Qsn] AolQm, ;dfh / /fi6«sf] lrq0f u/]sf] ljZn]ifsx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .

ljBfyL{ kg'ldn{g ;df/fx] ;DkGg

;fuFf÷dxG]b| df=lj= ;fuFf sfes ]| f] P;Pn;L ;dx" @)%! sf] ljBfyL{ kg'ldn { g sfoq{md ut zlgjf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljBfno hLjgsf] @$ jif{kl5 cfof]lht sfo{qmddf pQm ;d'xsf sl/a ^) hgf ljBfyL{dWo] $% hgf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . s f o { q m d d f ljBfnosf k"j{ k|=c=x? df]xg b'jfn, gGbs'df/ yfkf, ofbj yfkf, k"j{ lzIfsx? s]bf/k|;fb zdf{, kf/; sfkm\n], sdnf sfo:y, hLjgf sfo:y, dgxl/ sfsL{, /fds[i0f yfkf, dbg >]i7, s]z/ anDkfsL, 6]saxfb'/ anDkfsL, ;'/]Gb| sfo:ysf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . k"j{ k|=c= ofbj

yfkfsf] ;efkltTjdf / sfo{qmdsf ;+of]hs ;/f]h gf/fo0f 8+uf]nsf] pb\3f]if0fdf ;+rflnt pQm sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtJo lbg]z kl08tn] / k"j{ k|=c= ofbj yfkf, k"j{ lzIfs s]bf/ k|;fb zdf{, sdnf sfo:y, kf/; sfkm\n], 6]saxfb'/ anDkfsL, /fds[i0f yfkf / k"j{ ljBfyL{ ho/fd dfgGw/n] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{ q mddf ;xefuL k" j { lzIfs lzlIfsfx?nfO{ pmgLsf] unaGbL / dfofsf] lrgf] k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . k"j{ ljBfyL{ Pj+ nf]slk|o bf]xf]/L ufos uf]s'n /fptn] uLt / g[Toaf6 ;xefuLx?nfO{ dgf]/~hg lbPsf lyP .

jif{ @% c+s !) @)&% k'; @^ ut] ljxLjf/

k|fljlws kbsf nflu 1fkgkq w'lnv]n÷g]kfn s[lif tyf e]6]l/g/L k|flalws xs lxt ;+/If0f ;ldlt lhNnf sfo{ ;ldtL sfe|]n] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[ i 0faxfb' / /fpt dfkm{ t k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] 5 . :yfgLo :t/df k|jfx x'g] s[lif k|;f/ ;]jfnfO{ ;xh / ;/n tl/sfn] sd nfut / ;dodf s[lif k|;f/ ;]jfsf] kx'Fr a9fpg'sf] ;fy} s[lif ;]jf k|bfos / ;]jfu|fxL hgtfx?sf] ljrsf] b'/LnfO{ sd ub{] hgpQ/bfoL zf;sLo k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;df of]ubfg k'¥ofpb} tflnd k|fKt k|flalwsx?nfO{ :jb]z leq} /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ ;[hgfsf] Uof/]G6L u/f]; eGg] pb]Zon] 1fkg kq a'emfO{Psf] xf] .

Ps ufpF Ps s[lif tyf kz' ;]jf k|flalws ;+rfng lgb{]lzsf @)&# adf]lhd lj1fkg u/L nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] dfkb08sf cfwf/df 5gf}6 eP/ s/f/df xfn :yfgLo txdf vl6P/ uPsf Ps ufpF Ps s[lif tyf kz' ;]jf k|flalwsx?nfO{ :yfgLo txdf :yfoL baaGbL sfod u/L :jtM :yfoL ul/g' kg{] tyf tTsfn g]kfn lghfdtL ;]jf P]g kl/dfh{gsf] r/0fdf /xbfF lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] bkmf * df /fk=cgl4 kb g/xg] Aoa:yf ug{ vf]lhPsf]n] xfn ;Dd k|fljlws laifodf cWoog k'/f u/]sf s[lif, e]6]l/g/L, cldg nufPtsf k|flalws kb sfod u/L v'Nnf la1fkg dfkm{t kbk"lt{ ul/g' kg{] nufotsf dfux? /flvPsf] 5 .

h"gls/Ldf sf]O{/fnfsf] ‘lbnsf] uh'/’

ag]kf÷ag]kfdf h'gls/L l;h{gf afrg tyf pld{nf sf]O{/fnfsf] uLlt ;+u|x lbnsf] uh'/ nf]sfk{0f ul/Psf] 5 . kgf}tL !) vf]kf;Ldf hlGdO{ gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf :yfoL 3/ ePsL pld{nf afnsf]6 eQmk'/df a:b} /fhwfgLdf Aoj;fo ub{} cfPsL l5g\ . pld{nf sf]O{/fnfn] @)&) df O{ k|ltlglw ;+o'Qm uhn ;+u|x, @)&! df x}l;ot ;+o'Qm uhn ;+u|x k|sfzg ul/;s]sL l5g\ . g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgaf6 @)&$ ;fndf /fli6«o sljtf dxf]T;jdf t[lto k'/:sf/ k|fKt ul/;s]sL pld{nfn] @)&! ;fndf ab|Lgfy clegj 5Gbf]j4 sljtfdf k|yd k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sL l5g\ . :gfts;Dd cWoog u/]sL pld{nfn] k|sfzg u/]sf] lbnsf] uh'/nfO{ …clnslt hnsf] h:tf] / w]/} h:tf] nf]suLtsf] h:t} z}nL clg t'?Gt lbn 5'g] / 5f]O{/xg] efjn] el/k"0f{ nfu] gfgL pld{nf sf]O{/fnfsf lutx?Ú /fi6«slj dfwj l3dL/]n] l6Kk0fL u/]sf 5g\ .

5f]/Lx? k|To'iff / o'lg:sfnfO{ ;dk{0f u/]sf] pQm uLlt;+u|x lbnsf] uh'/df ! ;o ! j6f lut ;d]l6Psf] 5 . h"gls/L ;flxToLs cleofg, sfe|]n] k|sfzg u/]sf] pQm uLlt;+u|xsf] g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf

ag]kf gu/ ultljlw

;b:o ;lrj hutk|;fb pkffWofon] u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} pkffWofon] g]kfnsf] nf]s ;+:s[lt / ;flxlTos cleofgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg k|ltefx?sf] ;Ddfg ug{' kg{] atfPsf lyP . ljz]if cltyL al/i7 ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfn, al/i7 ;+lutsf/ ;'/]z clwsf/L, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, cleofgsf cWoIf dfwj sfe|]nL, sfo{qmd ;+of]hs gj/fh 3fon of]4f, k'ik clwsf/L …cGhfgÚ, 5lj/d0f l;njfn, ;'o{k|;fb nfsf]h' nufotsf sljx?n] lbnsf] uh'/sf] ljdf]rg u/]sf lyP . /ljg lji6, cgfldsf nufotn] h"gls/L ;flxToLs cleofgn] lhNnfdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfg / ;flxTo If]qsf af/]df rrf{ u/]sf lyP . lbnsf] uh/'df sxfF uof,} lz/sf] l;pbFf,] lxdfnh:tf,] lsg a95\, bV]g] gftf, dfG5] leq, w? ' w? ' /fp],F dfof df/L, ud'fP/ ;a} yfs ] , gkfpGhn ] , ltdLnfO{ ;Dem/], ltdLn] t ;a yfs ] nufotsf lzifs { df lutx? ;dl]6Psf] 5 . sfoq{mddf ;flxToLs /rgfx? afrg ul/Psf] lyof] .

gd:sf/ dxf+sfn Hof]tLsf] ;ef ;DkGg

ag]kf÷gd:sf/ dxfÍfnHof]lt axp'bZ]oLo ;xsf/L ;:+yfsf] @! cf} jflifs { ;fwf/0f ;ef gdfa]4 ' gu/kflnsfsf gu/ kd|v ' l6lk zdf{ ltdlN;gfsf] kd|v ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfoq{mddf afN]b} kd|v ' cltyL zdfn { ] ;xsf/Lx?n] ca ax[t ofh ] gf agfO{ ;dl[4 tkm{ nfUg' kg]{ atfP . ;x+sf/L Pg], lgodfjnL dfkb08 lgbl]{zsf ljlgod / lgtL cg;f'/ cuf8L a9g\' kg]{ / sfol{jlwaf6 ;xsf/Lx? rNg' kg]{ atfP . axp'bz ] oLo eP/ art dfq geO{ ;fdflhs Ifq]df ofu]bfg lbg'' kgd]{f pgn] hf8] lbP . sfoq{mddf ;:+yfsf] jflifs { kl|tab]g ;lra xl/si[0f bfxfnn] k:|tt' u/s ] f lyP eg] sfi]ffWoIf vt]/fh l;6fn } fn] cflys { kl|tjb]g k:|tt' u/s ] f lyP . ;:+yfsf] zo]/ kh ' L+ ! s/f8] !* nfv #& xhf/ ( ;o, sn ' lgIfk] !$ s/f8] $( nfv @ xhf/ *^, shf{ nufgL !@ s/f8] !) nfv !! xhf/ ^ ;o *$ /xs ] f] hgfPsf] 5 . ;+:yfsf] n]vf tyf ;'kl/a]If0f ;ldltsf] k|lta]bg ;+of]hs ofbak|;fb kf7sn] k]z u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf * g+

j8fsf j8f cWoIf bfgaxfb'/ dfgGw/, g]kfn h]l;hsf s]lGb|o dlxnf pkfWoIf ?sd0fL l;Ub]n, ;+:yfsf al/i7 ;Nxfsf/ ;f]dk|;fb x'dfufO{, sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf ax'pb]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;3+ lnsf ;lra of]u/fh bfxfn, ;xof]uL ;fsf];sf cWoIf dfwjdl0f x'dfufO{, z]o/ ;b:osf] tkm{af6 slknd'lg bfxfn nufPtsf AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ;b:ox?sf] ;'ljwfsf] nfuL lgz'Ns lzla/sf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . lzla/df ;h{/L, hg/n, ufO{gf], nufotsf /f]ux?sf] lgz'Ns r]shfFr ul/Psf] lyof] .pQm :jf:Yo lzlj/sf] k|fljlws ;xof]u u0f]zdfg d]df]l/on kmfp08]zgn] u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfdf cfa4 z]o/ ;b:osf ±@ pTs[i6 x'g] 5f]/f5f]/L, ^% jif{ dflysf h]i7 ;b:o, pTs[i6 artstf{, C0fLnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtAo pkfWoIf ljsfz zdf{n] /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmd cWoIf uf]kfnk|;fb l3ld/]sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

:jR5 b'w pTkfbg tflnd z'? w'lnv]n÷kz'NffO{ :j:y /fvf}+, pTkfbg a9fpcf}+ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy kz';]jf zfvf w'lnv]nsf] cfof]hgfdf :jR5 b'w pTkfbg tyf kz'kfng tflnd ;'? ePsf] 5 . tLg lbg;Dd rNg] tflndf s[ifssf] Joj;fodf ;'wf/, kz'df nfUg] /f]usf] ;dfwfgsf ;fy} pTkfbg nfut s;/L 36fpg ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf 5nkmn x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . tflndsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t tf/fgfy n'O6]n, kz' lrlsT;s 8fS6/ gljg pkfWofo, kz' sNof0fsf/L s]Gb| sfe|]sf k|f]kfO6/ lhkL bfxfn, kz' ;]jf k|fljlws nufotsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v k| z f;lso clws[ t tf/fgfy n' O 6] n n] lgjf{xd'vL s[lifaf6 kl/jt{g ;Dej gePsfn] ls;fgx? Joj;flos aGg cfjZos /x]sf]

atfP . pgn] gu/kflnsfdf cGo ljsf; lgdf{0fsf of]hgf lnP/ cfpg]sf] ;+Vof pNn]Vo ePtf klg s[lifsf of]hgf / ;d:of lnP/ cfpg] ls;fgsf] ;+Vof cToGt Go'g /x]sf] atfP . o:t} kz';]jf zfvf w'lnv]nsf kz' ljsf; clws[t /fhs'df/ x'dfufFOn] gu/jf;LnfO{ Jojf;fo ug]{ of]hgf ;lxt cfpg cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] ;8s, ljB't nufPtsf of]hgf ;w} k|fyldstfdf kg]{ u/] klg dflg;sf] hLjg;Fu hf]l8Psf] s[lif / kz'kfngsf] ljifo k|fyldstfdf gkg'{ b'vb ePsf] atfP . sfo{qmddf j8f gDj/ !) nfO{ kz'sf] s[ltd uef{wfgsf nflu cfjZos ;fdfu|L pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . pQm ;fdfu|L k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t tf/fgfy n'O6]nn] j8f gDj/ !) sf kz' ;]jf k|fljlws jlb| ltdlN;gfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf 5g\ . tflnddf b'w pTkfbs, b'w ;+sns / kz'kfns s[ifssf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 .

agk]fdf ;G'b/ gu/ cleofg ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] gu/nfO{ ;kmf / ;'Gb/ agfpg k|x/L, ;]gfsf] ;xof]udf ;/;kmfO{ cleofg z'? u/]sf] 5 . …c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] bfofFafofF ;'Gb/ agfpg ;/;kmfO{ cleofg z'? ul/Psf] xf]Ú–gu/kflnsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb]n] eg]–…klxnf] r/0fdf cltqmd0f x6fPsf lyof}+, bf]>f] r/0fdf ;/;kmfO{ cleofg z'? u/]sf xf}+ .Ú ;fFuf b]lv @* lsnf];Ddsf] If]qdf ePsf cltqmd0f x6fPnuQ} ;8s ljefusf] ;dGjdf bfofFafofF km'6kfysf nflu km/flsnf] agfpg] sfo{ z'? ePsf] 5 . c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] Ao:t ;8snfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] / ;8s ofqLx?nfO{ 5]psf] ;8s k|of]u u/L b'3{6gf Go"lgs/0f ug{] pb]Zon] pQm cleofg z'? ul/Psf] xf] . ;/;kmfO{ cleofgn] ag]kfsf] ;'Gb/ gu/ cleofgnfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug]5 . cfO{taf/af6 z'? ul/Psf] cleofg ;ftfe/L rNg]5 . 3/wgLn] cfkm\gf] 3/ cuf8L kmf]xf]/ u/]sf] kfO{Pdf gu/kflnsfn] lgod cg';f/ sf/jfxLsf] r]tfjgL lbPsf] 5 . …;/;kmfO{ cleofgdf :yfgLox?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf agfpg] cleofg z'? ePsf] 5Ú–gu/ pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] elgg–…kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkgsf nflu :yfoL ;dfwfgsf nflu kxn ePsf] 5 . l5§} To;sf] ;dfwfg x'g]5 .Ú kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkg x'g g;Sbf ag]kf gu/ s]lx ;do b]lv c:tAo:t b]lvb} cfPsf] 5 . kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkg nuQ} ;jf/L ;fwgsf] Aoj:yfkg ug{] pkk|d'v ;fksf]6fn] atfO{g\ . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kf, 6«flkms k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfn] gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf klxnf] r/0fdf gfnfbf]af6f] b]lv k|flws/0f;Dd jfg j] ;jf/L ;fwg cfjthfjt ug{ lbPsf] 5 eg] bf]>f] r/0fdf rf/bf]af6f]b]lv c:ktfn hfg] af6f]df jfgj]sf] tof/L u/]sf] 5 . ag]kfnfO{ x/]s If]qaf6 ;Dj[4 / ;kmf ;'Gb/ agfpg hgk|ltlglwx?n] sfo{ ul//x]sf] k|jQmf Zofd >]i7n] atfP . ;/;kmfO{ cleofgdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0faxfb'/ /fpt, k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sf, lji0f' bn u0fsf u0fklt s0f{]n ;'jf; v8\sf, gu/ k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb], pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn, k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]h/fh l3dL/], j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{kflnsf ;b:ox?, sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWOIf k|sfz dfgGw/, dxf;lrj s}nfz knf~rf]s], g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, lhNnf 6«flkms k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf k|d'v k|x/L lgl/Ifs lgz]if rfkfufO{, Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|d'v Pj+ k|x/L lgl/Ifs lg/Ghg e§/fO{, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|x/L lgl/Ifs lbks /fo nufotsf] l6dn] gu/sf] ljleGg v08df ;/;kmfO{ u/]sf] lyof] . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no dftxtsf o'lg6af6 vl6Psf] k|x/L 6f]nL, g]kfnL ;]gf, 6«flkms k|x/Lsf] 6f]nLn] ag]kfsf] cleofgnfO{ ;kmn agfpg] atfPsf lyP . ;d'bfo–k|x/L cjwf/0ff cg';f/ g]kfn k|x/L, g]kfnL ;]gf, ag]kf gu/kflnsf, :yfgLo ;+3 ;+:yfx?, gful/s ;dfhsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ag]kf l:yt c/lgsf] xfO{j]df lg/Gt/ ;/;kmfO{sf] sfo{qmd eO{/x]sf] 5 .

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

kqsf/ k|zfGtn] u/] kmf]6f] k|bz{gL

sf7df8f}+÷kmf]6f] kqsf/ k|zfGt >]i7n] kgf}tLdf kl/jt{g k|b{zgL u/]sf 5g\ . sf7df8f}sf] g]kfn ko{6g af]8{df cfof]lht sfo{qmd ut z'qmaf/ z'? eO{ cfh ljlxaf/ ;dfkg x'g]5 . lhNnfdf /x/] kmf6]f] kqsfl/tf ul//xs ] f kz | fGtn] o; cl3 ljleGg ;dodf

kmf6]f] kb|zg{L ul/;ss ] f 5g\ . kb|zg{Lsf] ;:+st[ljb ;Todfx]g hfz ] Ln] pb3\f6g u/s ] f lyP . ;Todfx]g hfz ] Ln] kgft}Lsf] ;:+sl[t hug]f{ / ;/+If0f xg'] atfPsf lyP . &) eGbf w/]} tl:j/x? /flvPsf] pQm kb|zg{Lsf] kgft}L gu/kflnsf gu/ kd|v ' led Gofk}fg,] kgft}Lsf ljleGg Ifq]sf AolQmx?sf ;xeflutf /xs ] f] lyof] .

k'ikfGhnL lsG8/uf6]{g tyf tflnd s]Gb|df ljG6/ SofDk kgf} t L÷cGt/fli6« o :t/sf] k'ikfGhnL lsG8/uf6]{gn] ut cfO{tjf/jf6 $ b]vL * jif{ ;Ddsf ljleGg ljBfnodf cWoog ul//x]sf jfnjflnsfx?nfO{ nlIft u/L Ps xKt] jLG6/ SofDksf] ;'?jft u/]sf] 5 . k|b]z g+ # sf] pTs[i6 tyf g]t[Tjbflo lsG8/uf6]{g aGg] b'/ b[li6sf ;fy :yfkgf ePsf] lsG8/uf6]{gn] jfnjflnsfx?sf] dfgl;s, ;fdflhs, ;f:s[lts tyf ;+j]ufTds cj:yfsf] j[QL ljsf; u/L ;Ifd gful/s jgfpg] d'n p2]Zosf ;fy Sofd ;+rfng ePsf] lsG8/uf6]{gsf k|WofgfWofks /f]lhgf s]=l;= n] jtfO{g\ . SofDkdf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf 6f}vfn, kgf}tL jhf/, vl/jf]6, dlNk, ;'Gyfg, 7f8f] j f6f] nufotsf e] u x?jf6 jfnjflnsfx?sf] pT;fxhgs ;xeflutf

kmf]lghsf] k|b]z :t/Lo e]nf w'lnv]n÷g]kfn cflbaf;L hghflt kqsf/ dxf;3+ -kmfl]gh_sf] kb|z ] gDj/ # sf] en ] f wl'nvn ] df ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . e]nfdf k|ltlglw ;ef ;f+;b gljgf nfdfsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . e]nfdf ;Daf]wg ub{} ;f+;b gljgf nfdfn] g]kfnsf ;+rf/dfWodx?n] cg'zf;g pNnv+3g u/]sfn] gful/sx?sf] xs clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ ;+rf/dfWodx?nfO{ lgodg ug{' kg{] atfO{g\ . ljz]if cltyL w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v Pj+ g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h'n] efiff, ;+:s[lt / ;Eotf ;+/If0f ug{' kg{{] atfPsf lyP . hghfltsf] df}lnstf sfod ug{], ;:s[lt / ;EotfnfO{ cuf8L a9fpg] u/L sfo{ ug{' kg{] gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] atfP . sfo{ q mddf kmf] l ghsf s] l Gb| o cWoIf 808 u' ? Ë, g] k fn kqsf/ dxf;+ 3 k| b ] z gDj/ # sf pkfWoIf ob' g fy uf} t d, dxf;lrj s[ i 0f ;f? du/, ;lrj ;' / ] z

x' d fufO{ , lhNnf cWoIf df] t L/fd ltdlN;gf, k| ] ; rf} t f/L g] k fnsf s] l Gb| o pk dxf;lrj lx/fdfg nfdf, kmf] l ghsf ljleGg txsf g] t fx?n] kqsfl/tf If] q df cflbaf;L hghfltx?sf] e" l dsfsf af/] d f rrf{ u/] s f lyP . k| b ] z OGrfh{ ;ld/ anfdLsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{ q mddf k| b ] z cGt{ u tsf !# j6} lhNnfsf cWoIfx?sf] ;xeflutf /x] s f] lyof] . e] n fn] tLg dlxgf leq ;Dd] n g ug{ ] u/L OGrfh{ anfdLsf] cWoIftfdf ;a} lhNnfsf cWoIfx? ;b:o /xg] u/L ;Dd] n g sld6L agfpg] lg0f{ o u/] s f] 5 . sfo{qmd wflbË lhNnfsL ;l/tf >]i7n] ;+rfng u/]sL lyO{g\ . lhNnf zfvf sfe|]sf] cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf tfdfª kqsf/ ;d'x tyf ljleGg If]qsf s[oflzn kqsf/x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] cWoIf lzlz/ bf]Ën] atfP .

ag]kf ljsf; ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/Lsf] !@ cf}+ ;ef

/x]sf] 5 .

SofDkdf jfnjflnsfx?nfO{ zf/L/Ls dfgl;s v]n, cf6{ P08 s|fkm\6, So"lhs, 8fG;, ;d"x sfo{, jfrg, tyf e|d0f Pj+ lkslgs nufotsf ljlwsf] k|of]u u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng x'g] s]=;L=n] jtfO{g\ . ;fy} sfo{qmdjf6 ;+jlGwt cleefjsx?nfO{ jfnjflnsfsf] j}otLs cj:yfsf] jf/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{ ;sf/fTds kl/jt{gsf] nflu dfu{bz{g ul/g] ;d]t To; jvt hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 . o; sfo{jf6 g=kf=sf @% eGbf j9L jfnjflnsfx? k|ToIf ?kdf nfeflGet x'g] k|WofgfWofks s]=;L= n] jtfO{g\ . pQm cj;/df cfkm\ g f jfnjflnsfx?sf] elj:odf ;sf/fTds kl/jt{gsf] nflu cfufdL lbgdf k'ikfGhnL lsG8/uf6]{gdf cfj2 u/fO{ afnjflnsfx?sf] pHjn eljio sf]g{ klg clkn ul/Psf] 5 .

;fksf6]f az + fjnL sfed]|f ;Togf/fo0f ag] k f÷;fksf] 6 f j+ z fjnL sNof0f s]Gb| g]kfnsf] k|yd lhNnf e]nf k'j{ dGqL tyf ;f+;b clUg ;fksf]6fsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lhNnf tby{ ;ldlt sfe|]sf ;+of]hs nf]sufos dR5]Zj/ ;fksf]6fsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} clUg ;fksf]6fn] a+zhx?sf] Oltxf;nfO{ ;+/If0f ub{} jzfjnL hf]ufpg b]ze/ 5l/Psf ;fksf]6fx?sf] ;Eotf, ;+:sltsf af/]df hfGg' kg{] atfP . ;fksf]6fsf] azhx?sf] ;fy} l;Ëf] ;dfhsf] lxtdf nufgL ug{ x/]s ;b:ox?af6, b}lgs d'7Lbfg, dfl;s art tyf cGo ;xof]u sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/L b]ze/ cleofg ;+rfng ug{ ;fksf]6f a+zfjnL sNof0f s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ePsf] s]lGb|o cWoIf cAhgfy ;fksf]6fn] atfP . sfo{qmddf s]lGb|o cWoIf cAhgfy, pkfWoif x/]/fd ;fksf]6f, dxf;lrj 7fs'/gfy ;fksf]6f, sf]iffWoIf 6f]dk|;fb ;fksf]6f, ;lrj p4j ;fksf]6f, s]lGb|o ;b:o sdnk|;fb ;fksf]6f nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . lhNnf tby{ ;ldltsf ;x ;+of]hs gf/fo0fk|;fb ;fksf]6fsf] :jfut dGtAo /x]sf] sfo{qmd u'0fgfy ;fksf]6fn] ;+rfng u/]sf lyP .

jif{ @% c+s !) @)&% k'; @^ ut] ljxLjf/

sfo{qmddf *) jif{ k'u]sf h]i7 ;b:ox?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf lyP . e]nfn] ;fksf]6f j+zfjnL sNof0f s]Gb| g]kfn sfe|]sf] cWoIfdf ;Togf/fo0f ;fksf]6f lglj{/f]w ePsf 5g\ . To:t} al/i7 pkfWoIf gf/fo0f ;fksf]6f, dlxnf pkfWoIf cf/tL ;fksf]6f, ;lrj lhPg ;fksf]6f, sf]iffWoIf lagf]b ;fksf]6f ;b:ox?df Clif/fd ;fksf]6f, t'nk|;fb ;fksf]6f, /fdz/0f ;fksf]6f, g]qk|;fb ;fksf]6f, kz'/fd ;fksf]6f, ;fu/ ;fksf]6f, /fhg ;fksf]6f, /Tgk|;fb ;fksf]6f, s0f{axfb'/ ;fksf]6f, lab'/ ;fksf]6f rog ePsf 5g\ .

xflb{s awfO{ j+zfjnL sNof0f s]Gb| g]kfn sfe|]sf] cWoIfdf ;Togf/fo0f ;fksf]6f lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf cWoIf tyf

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvf kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

ag]kf÷ag]kf ljsf; ax'pb]zoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnsf] afxf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;+:yfsf h]i7 ;b:o (! jlif{o k|]dk|;fb e}nsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf] jflif{s k|lta]bg ;lra ;'b]g >]i7n] tyf cfly{s k|lta]bg sf]iffWoIf 1fgaxfb'/ dNn]kltn] k]z u/]sf lyP . To;} u/L n]vf tyf ;'kl/a]If0f ;ldltsf] k|lta]bg ;+of]hs sfhLaxfb'/ vqLn] k]z u/]sf lyP .

;+:yfsf] z]o/k'hL+ @ s/f]8 *) nfv ^& xhf/ ^ ;o, art lx;fa !! s/f]8 %& nfv @* xhf/ # ;o $# /x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf pTs[i6 atrstf{ ;/nf cdfTo, ch{'g ltdlN;gf, ;'lk|of >]i7, c;n C0fL ;kgf >]i7nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtAo ;~rfns ;'nf]rgf e'h' knf~rf]s]n] /fv]sL lyO{g eg] sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf cWoIf lblnk >]i7sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

Pslbg] lgMz'Ns lzlj/

cf/De ;f] ; n j] n km/sf] cfof]hgf tyf ag]kf zx/L :jf:Yo s]G›, ag]kf j8f g+= ( sfof{no, /f]6\ofS6 Sna ckm ag]kf, /f]6\ofS6 Sna ckm kgf}tL nufot cGo $ j6f ;+:yfx?sf] ;xof]udf ut zlgjf/ ! lbg] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lzlj/df d'v tyf bfFt

kl/If0f, ;'u/, d[uf}nf / xfh hf]gL{sf] kl/If0f ul/Psf] lyof] . lzlj/df d'Vo ;xof]uLsf] ?kdf ag]kf x]Ny s]o/ /x]sf] / pQm x]Ny s]o/sf 8f= /ljG› k|;fb /fhe08f/Ln] lj/fdLx?nfO{ r]shfFr u/]sf] lyof] . pQm Pslbg] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/df sl/j # ;o hgfn] :jf:Yo kl/If0f u/fPsf lyP .

>L hgr]tgf cfwf/e"t ljBfno vfgLvf]nf–&, sfe]|knf~rf]s

lzIfs cfjZostf o; ljBfnonfO{ tkl;ndf pNn]lvt lzIfs cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's of]Uotf k'u]sf g]kfnL gful/sx?af6 !* jif{ k"/f e} $) jif{ ggf3]sf pDd]bjf/x?n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq lzIff lgodfjnL @)%& -;+zf]wg ;lxt_ cg';f/ l/tk"j{s ljBfnodf b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . tkl;n kb M k|flj lzIfs lsl;d M /fxt cfjZos ;+Vof M !

Go'gtd of]Uotf M !)±@ b/vf:t b:t'/ M ?= %))÷– tna :s]n M g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|rlnt lgodfg';f/ b/vf:t lbg] :yfg M ljBfno b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&% k'; @^ ut] -s/f/sf nflu_ / @)&% df3 @ ut];Dd -v'Nnfsf nflu_ ;Dks{ ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltsf] lbg tf]lsg]5 . k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{ jf~5gLo of]Uotf M dflyNnf] z}lIfs of]Uotf tyf cg'ej ePsf] cfjZos sfuhkq != g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk @= z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk #= cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk $= lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk

lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu (^!!!(&*!( -lzIfs 5gf}6 ;ldlt ;+of]hs_

kf]N6«L ljz]if 8f= u0f]z aGhf/f

g]qmf]l6s OG6]l//fOl6; (Necrotic Enteritis) g]qmf]l6s OG6]l//fOl6; Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G; (Clostridium Perfingens) gfds hLjf0f'af6 x'g] ub{5 . ljZje/L g} kfOg] o; hLjf0f'n] d'Votof s'v'/f, 6sL{, xfF;sf] cfGb|fdf c;/ ub{5 . cfGb|fsf] nDafO{sf] aLr efudf c;/ ug]{ / d[To'b/ %–%)Ü ;Dd u/fpg ;S5 . ljz]if u/]/ ;+qmldt lb;f d'vaf6 k|j]z x'bf /f]u ;lhn} ;g{ ;S5 . oL hLjf0f'x? df6f], w'nf], ;f]Q/ cflbdf ;lhn} kfpg ;lsG5 .

Snf]l:6«l8d k/lk|mGh]G; (Clostridium Perfingens) nfDrf] cfsf/, clS;hg lagf afFRg ;Sg] hLjf0f'x? x'g . logLx?n] cfGb|fdf cGt/ laif pTkfbg ub{5g\ . Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G;sf] ;+Vof a9\gfsf] nflu bfgfsf] u'0f:t/, /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zlQmsf] l:ylt, tgfj o'Qm jftf/0f, cfGb|fsf] cGo ;+qmd0f / slS;l8of]l;; kb{5g\ . !_ bfgf M bfgfdf ePsf] ljleGg kbfy{n] cfGb|fsf] h}ljs ljljwtfdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . o:tf kbfy{x?n] cfGb|fsf ;'Id ls6f0f'sf] ;+VofnfO{ k|ToIf c;/ ub{5 . bfgfdf ld;fpg] cGg h:t} hf}, / uxF'df k|z:t dfqfdf ckfRo kbfy{, hf] kfgLdf 3'Ng] / gg\ :6f{r kf]ln:ofsf/fO8n] (Non Starch Polysaccharide) g]qmf]l6s OG6]l//fOl6; a9fpg d2t ub{5 . cfGb|fdf ckfRo kbfy{sf] ult sd x'g], cfGb|faf6 Do's; (Mucus) a9L lg:sgfn] Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G; ;'Id hLjf0f'sf] ;+Vof a9\9} hfG5 . bfgfdf ld;fpg] k|f]l6gsf >f]tdf df5fsf] l;b|f, ld6 ldn / af]g ldnaf6 klg g]qmf]l6s OG6]l//fOl6; a9\g ;S5 . oL k|f]l6gsf >f]tx? ;fgf] cfGb|fdf k'u]kl5 Pdf]lgof / PdfOgd (Ammonia and Amines)df kl/0ft x'G5g / Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G; a9fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofp5g\ . bfgfdf SoflN;odsf] dfqf a9L ePdf klg Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G; a9\g d2t ub{5 . Ps cWoog cg';f/ )=( Ü SoflN;od v'jfPsf] s'v'/fsf] ;+Vofdf, )=^Ü SoflN;od v'jfPsf]df eGbf a9L d[To'b/ b]lvPsf] lyof] . @_ /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zlQm / tgfj /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zlQm sd u/fpg] sf/0fdf slS;l8of]l;;, uDaf/f], lrs]g Pg]ldof efO/; / d/]S; /f]u kb{5g . To;} s'v'/fnfO{ kg]{ tgfj h:t} bfgf kl/jt{g, ;f]Q/sf] l:ylt, s'v'/fsf] 3gTj, EoflS;g];g ubf{sf] tgfj cflbn] /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zlQm sd u/fpF5 / Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G; a9\g d2t ub{5 . #_ cfGb|fsf] cj:yf olb cfGb|fdf /x]sf] bfgfsf] kbfy{sf] ult l9nf] ePdf, cfGb|fsf] PH kl/jt{g ePdf / cfGb|fsf] Do'sf];f (Mucosa cyf{t cfGb|fsf] dflyNnf] tx w]/} Iflt ePdf g]qmf]l6s OG6]l/6cfOl6; x'g] ;Defjgf /xG5 .

$_ slS;l8of]l;; slS;l8of]l;;n] cfGb|fsf] dflyNnf] efunfO{ Iflt ub{5 / Iflt ePsf] cfGb|f el/ KNffHdf k|f]l6gsf] (Plasma Protein) dfqf a9\5 . o:tf KnfHdf k|f]l6gx?df le6fldg, Pldgf] Pl;8 / x's{g d2t ug]{ vfnsf tTjx? x'G5g, h;n] Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G;nfO{ a9fpg d2t ub{5g . %_ Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G;sf] cGt/ ljif Snf]l:6«l8od k/lk|mGh]G;n] !& yl/sf cGt/jLif jf 6lS;g lgsfNb5g\ . oL hLjf0f' 6lS;g pTkfbsf lx;fan] A, B, C, D, E ul/ % efudf juL{s/0f ul/Psf] 5 eg] pTkflbt 6lS;gx? k|d'v cNkmf (a), a]6f (ß), OK;g (e), nf]6f (?) ul/ $ /x]sf 5g . logLx?n] sn]hf]df / cfGb|fdf a9L c;/ ub{5g . nIf0f – kfgLsf] dfqf sdL eO{ 5fnfdf df;' 6fl;g] / ;'Sb}hfg] – KjfFv e'ml;nf] x'g] – bfgf c?lr x'g] – cfvf aGb u/]/ a:g] – lx8\8'n ug{ dg gug]{ – sfnf] /+usf] 5]g]{ – @% xKtf gf3]sf Kof/]G6 s'v'/fdf c08f pTkfbsf] glhssf] ;dodf o:tf ;d:of b]lvPdf sn]hf] uf9f /ftf] /+usf] jf sfnf] x'g] – cfGb|fdf /Qm>fj x'g] – cfGb|f leq v}/f] /+usf] t/n kbfy{ hDdf x'g] /f]syfd bfgf jf kfgLdf k|f]jfof]l6s ld;fP/ v'jfpgfn] g]qmf]l6s OG6]l//fOl6; hf]lvd sd x'G5 . slS;l8of]l;;sf] ;dodf g} pkrf/ ug'{k5{ . bfgfdf lnGsf]dfOl;g, Aofl;6\¥ofl;gsf] k|of]un] o; /f]usf] hf]lvd sd u/fpg ;lsG5 .

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motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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The Selected

jif{ @% c+s !) @)&% k'; @^ ut] ljxLjf/

k|f]= houf]kfn >]i7 -(*$!))$&%*

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;Gtfgsf] v'zLdf lrRofO{/x]sL cfdf Tof] lbg ;fFRr} cfFvfdf cfFz' lyPg . k|foM ;w} cfFvfaf6 cfFz' aUg] lyP . dfG5]sf] hLjg crDdsf] x'Fbf] /x]5 . ;f]r]sf] / rfx]sf] s]lx gk'Ug] . h] rfxgf 5}g Tof] 6'Kn'Ss cfO{k'Ug] . cys d]xgt, kl/>d / pTs6 rfxgf /fVbf k|fKtL x'g g;s]sf] ljifo cs:dft cfO{nfUbf dfG5]sf] v'zLsf] ;Ldf /xnf < Tolta]nf s;}sf] cfFvfaf6 v'zLsf] cfFz' aUnf t/ d]/f] cfFvfdf cfFz' ;'Sof] . cxf]/fq Tolx ljifonfO{ sf]6\ofO{/xFbf lynlynf] ag]sf] 3fp cs:dft lgsf] x'g uof] . efUo / sd{sf af/]df nfdf] ;do dfG5]x?sf] ax; rln/x]sf] 5 . cfkm' cg's"n AofVof ul//xFbf s;}n] efUo eG5g\ s;}n] sd{ . b'j} pltSs} dxTjk"0f{ x'g] /x]5 . @& jif{ cl3sf] w]/} s'/fx? dnfO{ yfxf lyPg . t/ klg s;}n] ;'gfpFbf To; af/]sf] sf}t'xntf hflu/xGYof] . w]/} nfdf] k|of; klg ;fy{s x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . slxn]sfFlx eujfgnfO{ ;/flk/x]sf] lyPF . a]sf/ ;/fk]5' h:tf] klg nfU5 cfhsfn . eujfg;Fu k'sf/ ul//xFbf s'/f s'g} g s'g} lbg ;'g'jfO{ x'Fbf] /x]5 . eujfg 5}g eGg]x?sf nflu klg Tof] emfk8 ePsf] 5 . s'g} lbg d}n] klg sxfF 5f} eujfg\ < eg]/ s/fPsf] lyPF . lg/Gt/sf] d]/f] ;'g'jfO{ st} g st} eO{/x]sf] cfefif eof] . lj1fg k|ljlwsf] o'udf sDo'6/n] t eg]s} a]nf kmfO{nx? vf]Hg ;Sb}g . ljZjf;, e/f];f / cfTdljZjf; sfod /xFbf;Dd Ps lbg g Ps lbg eujfgn] dfG5]sf] k'sf/f ;'Gbf /x]5g\ . gb]lvg] t/ ;Tosf] kIfdf /lx/xg] To:tf] ljifodf w]/} ax; lsg ug{' k5{ / < eujfg} gdfGg]x? t e};Lsf] k'hf u5{g\ . aln lbG5g\ . rf8jf8, l/ltlytL, wd{ ;+:s[ltsf] s'/f u5{g\ . xfdL hfaf] lgD;/fx?sf] s] s'/f ug{' < bf]nvf lhNnfdf d]/f] hGd ePsf] /x]5 . hGd lbg] afa' cfdf eP kf] 7\ofSs} yfxf kfpg' . t/ eGg]x?n] @)$^ ;fndf ePsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;dodf $ jif{sf] lyO{;\ eg]sf] cfwf/df d}n] d]/f] hGd Tof] ;dofdf ePsf] /x]5 eGg] cg'dfg u/]sf] x'F . d eGbf kl5 hlGdPsL alxgL Toltv]/ ( dlxgf dfq} /lx5g\ . bf]nvfsf] ljs6 uflj;sf] 7fpFdf /x]5 xfd|f] 3/ . yf]/} af/L . 3/df clwFofdf kfn]sf] afv|f . Tolx e/df a'af cfdfsf] hLjg rln/x]sf] /x]5 . pxfFx?sf] pd]/ klg Toltv]/ ev{/ @$÷@% dfq} /x]5 . xh'/a'af xh'/cfdfsf] klg ;fg} pd]/df lgwg ePsfn] a'af klg c?sf] e/df x'ls{g' ePsf] /x]5 . l5d]sLx?sf] ;fxf/f, a'afsf] sfsfx?sf] Aoj:yfkgdf pxfFsf] ljjfx ;d]t ePsf] /x]5 . 3/ g kl/jf/ s;n] lbg] 5f]/L . t/ klg pxfFx?sf] d]xgt / lhDd]jf/Ldf a'afn] ljjfx

ug{'eof] . ;fg}b]lv cleefjs gePsfn] pxfFsf] afgL s'ntdf nfu]s]f /x]5 . sfddf hfFbf / kms{bfF klg /S;L vfg] . w]/} /S;L ;]jg kl5 ufpF3/df cg]s gfddf emu8f ug{] . ;'w|G5 ls eg]/ pxfFs} sfsfx?n] a'afsf] ljjfx ul/lbg' eP5 . ljjfx kl5 klg pxfFsf] afgL ;'w|g' eGbf emg} w]/} /S;L ;]jg ug{] cfbt x'g yfn]5 . cfdfn] ;DemfpFbf klg pxfFn] /S;L 5f8\g ;Sg' ePg5 . dfdf3/ klg glhs} ePsfn] w]/} k6s pxfFsf] s'6fO{n] cfdf dfO{tL hfFbf s'6]/} x}/fg . ljjfxsf] ^ jif{ kl5 dfq} d]/f] hGd ePsf] /x]5 . d]/f] hGd ePsf] 8]9 jif{d} alxgLsf] hGd eP5 . ;'Ts]/L cj:yfdf klg cfdfn] kfPsf] oftgfsf] s'/f u/L ;fWo 5}g /] . k6s k6s >Ldfg 5f8]/ efUbf ;d]t pxfF s'6fO{ vfgaf6 hf]lug' ePg5 . dlxnfx?n] nf]Ug] dfG5]x?af6 ef]Ug'kg{] oftgfsf] Tof] Pp6f ?k dfq} xf] . cfhsfn w]/} vfnsf oftgfx? ef]lu/x]sf 5g\ dlxnfx?n] ;dfhdf . Tolta]nfsf] dlxnfx?sf] kL8f / cfhef]nLsf dlxnfx?sf] kL8f 7\ofSs} km/s 5 . a'afsf] lgwg /S;Ls} sf/0f eP5 . ;fg} pd]/df a'afsf] lgwg ePkl5 cfdfn] ef]Ug' k/]sf ;d:of slt w]/} xf]nfg\ . ljjfx ePsf] nfdf] ;do ;Gtfg hGdg' gkg{] < ;Gtfg hlGdP/ ltg} ;Gtfgsf] e/df afFRg] ;fx; a9\b} hfFbf nf]Ug]sf] lgwg x'g'kg{] . P s n h L j g lhpFbf ef]Ug'kg{] cg]s nf~5gf / cf/f]kaf6 cfdf s;/L d'Qm x'g] < lhpFb} nf]Ug] x'Fbf t ;dfhn] nufpg] cf/f]kaf6 pxfF d'Qm x'g ;Sg' ePsf] /x]g5 . ePsf] >Ldfg\sf] cj:yf To:tf] ePsfn] ljjfx u/]s} ef]lnkN6 b]lv pxfFn] c?sf] 3/df sfd ul//xg' ePsf] /x]5 . Tolx sfdaf6 cfPsf] Hofnfn] pxfFn] cfkm\gf] dfq} xf]Og nf]Ug]sf] k]6sf nflu ;d]t hf]xf] ul//xg' ePsf] lyof] . To;s} cf8df nf]Ug]n] /S;Lsf] ;'/df u/]sf tf08j g[Tosf] ;fIfL ;dfh lyof] . t/ p;n] cfdfsf] ue{df /x]sf xfdLx?sf] af/]df klg cg]s nf~5gf nufPsf /x]5g\ . d /S;Lsf] ;'/df 3/df x'Gg t/ d]/f] >LdtL ufpFsf b'lgofF dfG5];Fu sfddf hfG5] / s;sf] ue{ af]s]/ cfpF5] . dlxnfx?n] ef] U g' k g{ ] nf~5gfsf ?k klg slt xf] slt < a'afsf] lgwg kl5 klg cfdfn] xfd|f nflu w]/} ;+3if{ ug{] of]hgf agfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . t/ Tolx ;dfhn] pxfFnfO{ al;vfg lbPg . eQmk'/df 3/ ePsf g]jf/ ;d'bfosf Pshgf Aofkf/L ufpFdf hfFbf pgn] Pshgf aRrf kfNg] s'/f atfPsf /x]5g\ . stfaf6 xf] pxfFn] Tof] s'/f ;'Gg' eP5 . d]/f] z/L/ pxfFs} lhDdfdf eof] eg]/ cfdfn] ;'lDklbg'eP5 @)$^ ;fnsf] cGTolt/ . alxgLsf] lrGtf /x]5

cfdfnfO{ . alxgL t cem} ;fg} lyO{ . ^ dlxgfsf] aRrfnfO{ s;/L ;'Dkg' . cfdfsf] ;fd' w]/} 7'nf r'gf}tLsf kxf8 /x]5g\ . cfkm\gf] v'zLsf nflu eGbf klg 5f]/f 5f]/Ln] d]/f] / afa'sf] sf/0f eljZodf s'g} b'Mvsf] dx;'; gu?g\ eGg] p2]Zon] ;DkGg kl/jf/df ;'DkGg vf]Hg' ePsf] /x]5 . dlxnfx?df cyfxf dfofsf] vfgL x' G 5 . cem afnaflnsfx? k|lt plgx?sf] dfof elg;fWo x'Fb}g . eljZosf] ;d]t lrGtf ug{] cfdfsf af/]df s;}n] k|Zg} p7fpFg} ;Sb}g . cfdf h:tf];'s} xf];\, pgn] h] h] u?g\ t/ klg cfdfn] ;Gtfgsf nflu b]Vg] ;kgf eg]sf] ;'vs} x'G5 . v'zLs} x'G5 . d cfdfaf6 klg 5'l§g k'u]+ . csf{sf] 3/df sfd klg ug{] / cWoog ug{] of]hgf cg';f/ ;fy nfu]/ cGoq k'u]5' . k9fO{ c;fWo} /fd|f] lyof] . d ;w} k|yd x'Gy]+ . h;n] d]/f] cWoogsf] lhDd]jf/L lnPsf] lyof] p;n] lgoldt ljBfnodf /sd ltl/lbPg . Tof] 3/df dnfO{ dfgl;s oftgf dfq} x'GYof] . d]/f] ljifodf l5d]sLx?nfO{ yfxf /x]5 . Tolx sf/0f d]/f] cWoog klg lju|Fb} uPsf] lyof] . 3/sf sfdx? ;a} u/]/ d}n] cWoog ul//x]sf] lyPF . l5d]sLn] ;f]Wbf klg 3/sf] OHht eg]/ s;}nfO{ elgg . d]/f] k/LIff z'? x'Fb} lyof] . ljBfnodf k};f lt/]sf] lyO{g . w]/} k6s eGbf klg jf:tf gu/]kl5 d}n] eg]sf] lyO{gF . t/ klg ljBfnodf kl/Iff lbg uPF . l5d]sL bfO{n] k/LIff g5'6fpg' o;sf] af/]df ;f]rf}+nf eg]kl5 d v'zLn] ub\ub\ ePF . h;n] dnfO{ ljBfnodf w]/} dfof ub{Yof] . Tof] ;fyL cyf{t bfO{nfO{ dgsf] s'/f eg]+ . p;n] 3/df a'af cfdfnfO{ eg]sf] /x]5 .

Tof] kl/jf/n] dnfO{ sIff !) ;Ddsf] z'Ns ltl/ lbg] ljBfnonfO{ arg lbP/ uP5 . d cfef/L dfq} eO{gF pxfFx?sf] C0fL klg ePF . t/ s'/f] To:tf] ePg . Tof] s'/f 3/df yfxf kfPkl5 dnfO{ emg} sf/jfxL eof] . d}n] Tof] ;fyLnfO{ pxfFx?sf] ;xof]u glng] s'/f atfPF . kl5 dnfO{ klxnfsf] eGbf clns /fd|f] ul/of] . t/ d}n] pd]/ a9\b} uPkl5 3/df ug{'kg{] ;a} sfd u/]+ . efF8f dfem\g], n'uf w'g] sfd d]/f] lgoldt leq kb{Yof] . vfgf ksfP/ ;d]t ljBfno hfg] u/]s]f lyPF . ;a} sfd ;s]/ ljBfno hfFbf klg sIff !) ;Dd d}n] k5f8L kms{g' k/]g . sIff ( df k'u]kl5 d}n] d]/f] af:tljstf ;a} yfxf kfPF . Tolt a]nf b]lv d}n] d]/f] cfdf vf]Hg yfn]+ . ;Dej ePg . alxgLsf] af/]df rf;f] x'g yfNof] . p stf s] ub{} xf]nL < s'g} lbg p;sf] / d]/f] e]6 x'g ;Snf / < o:t} s'/f ;f]Rbf ;f]Rb} d}n] sIff !@ eQmk'/sf] Vjk pRr dfljaf6

;sfPF . gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf ;+rfng ePsf] pQm sn]hn] d h:tf pTs[i6 h]x]Gbf/ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;x'lnot k|bfg u/]sf] lyof] . ljxfg a]n'sf 3/s} sfd u/]/ ljBfno hfg dnfO{ Tof] kl/jf/n] klg /f]s]g . klxnf eGbf w]/} dfof ddtf lyof] . d lhDd]jf/ ;b:o ag]sf] lyPF . s'g} lbg cfkm' hGd]sf] 7fpF / hGd lbg] cfdfsf] af/]df hfGg / lrGg] lh1f;f ;w} eO{/x\of] . v'zL / ;'vL .

;'v kfpg ;s]gg\ < ;fob cleefjs ePsf] eP To:tf] x'Fb}g lyof] ls < Tolta]nf;Dd d}n] d]/f] cfdfnfO{ e]l6;s]sf] lyPF . pxfFsf] b'vfGt 36gf ;'g]kl5 d}n] d]/L cfdfnfO{ ;lDemPF . d]/L cfdf klg ufpFd} x'g'xG5 . kl5 cfdfnfO{ ;'v lbg] d]/f] ;kgf lj:tf/} k'/f x'Fb} uP klg ;Dej ePsf] lyPg . ;Gtfgs} sf/0f cleefjsn] b'Mv kfpg' / cleefjssf

sf/0f ;Gtfgn] b'Mv kfpg] p:t} /x]5 . cem} w]/} ;Gtfgsf] eljZo hf]lvddf kbf{] /x]5 . cfdfnfO{ v'zL lbg] ;kgfd} d ljlng x'g k'u]5' . pxfFsf] sfd ;sfP/ k7fP klg dnfO{ lbge/ Tolx 36gfn] t8\kfO{ /x\of] . dnfO{ lbPsf] oftgf eGbf klg ;Gtfgsf nflu cleefjsx?n] slt b'Mv Aoxf]bf{ klg k[YjL h:tf] P]of eGbf /x]g5g\ eGg] nflu/x]sf] 5 . slxn]sfFlx ;f]R5' hlGdP / kf] ulNt u/]+ ls < d ?g ;lsgF . ;w} /f]Psf] dfG5] Tof] lbg d]/f] cfFvfaf6 cfFz' au]g . ;a} s'/f ;'g]+ / cfdfnfO{ klg ;'gfPF . ;Dej 5 t cfdf / d ;Fu} a:g < cfdfsf] dfof . 5f]/L ljjfx u/]/ hfg' kg{] /x]5 . c?sf] dfof / k|]ddf kml;;s]sf] AolQm . c?s} ;xof]udf x'ls{PF . sfd u/]+ . lj:tf/} nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] kl/Iff lbPF . ;'Aafdf k|zf;g tkm{ gfd lgsfNg ;kmn ePF . :yfoL hflu/ ;Fu} gofF hLjg z'? u/]+ . of]hgf 5 ca cfdfnfO{ klg ;Fu} /fVg] . cleefjssf] dfof ;Gtfg dfyL ;Gtfgsf] dfof 9'+uf dfyL eGg] pvfgaf6 d'Qm x'g'k5{ . h]i7 gful/s tyf h;n] hGd lbG5 p;nfO{ b'Mv lbg' kfk xf] . To:tf] ;Gtfgn] d/]kl5 klg ;'v kfpFb}g . p;sf] cfTdfn] zflGt kfpFb}g . lxhf]sf] 36gf / oftgfnfO{ ;'vdf abNg] k|0f u/]sf] 5' .

zlzsnf kflv|g eQmk'/ -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]n'sf * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

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cfkm\gf]df=========

pxfFsf] b'vfGt 36gf ;'g]kl5 d}n] d]/L cfdfnfO{ ;lDemPF . d]/L cfdf klg ufpFd} x'g'xG5 . kl5 cfdfnfO{ ;'v lbg] d]/f] ;kgf lj:tf/} k'/f x'Fb} uP klg ;Dej ePsf] lyPg . ;Gtfgs} sf/0f cleefjsn] b'Mv kfpg' / cleefjssf sf/0f ;Gtfgn] b'Mv kfpg] p:t} /x]5 . cem} w]/} ;Gtfgsf] eljZo hf]lvddf kbf{] /x]5 . cfdfnfO{ v'zL lbg] ;kgfd} d ljlng x'g k'u]5' . ;fyLefO{sf] cg'xf/df ePsf] k|;Ggtf . d]/f] k|ultdf /dfpg] cfdf a'afsf] cg'xf/ ;DemGy]+ . lwSsfy{] . ?Gy]+ . PSn} slta]nf;Dd /f]P/ lgbfpFy] kQf] ePg . t/ klg Ps lbg d]/f] cfdf / alxgL d]/f] cuf8L cfO{k'U5g h:tf] cg'e'lt eO/xGYof] . Aofrn/ tx;Ddsf] cWoog ;sfP/ d}n] ;xsf/L a}+sdf hflu/sf] nflu cfj]bg lbPF . slxn] s}nfnL, slxn] s~rgk'/ x'Fb} d sfe|]df klg /x]+ . ToxfF /xFbf d}n] l;Gw'kfNrf]s, bf]nvf, /fd]5fksf af/]df w]/} hfGg] cj;/ kfPF . a+}sdf Ao:t lyPF . ljxfg} s'g} tgfj lyPg . PSsf;L d]/f] cuf8L gd:sf/sf] cfjfh cfof] . ;a} u|fxsx? d]/f nflu b]ptf ;/x x'g\ . d}n] ;f]r]+ 7'nf] ;d:of 5 . ;d:of eGbf klg d}n] 3/ kl/jf/ ;f]Wb} uPF . pxfFsf] klg ;d:of To:t} /x]5 .

3/3/} r'Nxf] x'g' :jefljs xf] . cleefjs u'dfPsf y'k|} ;GtfgnfO{ s;}n] oftgf lbPsf 5g\ eg] s;}n] ;fy . d]/L cfdf klg ;Gtfgsf] v'zLdf eGbf b'Mvdf w]/} ?g' ePsf] lyof] . pxfF d;Fu ?g yfNg' eof] . pxfFn] cfkm'nfO{ ;DxfNg ;Sg' ePg . sf/0f cs{} lyof] . pxfFsf] 5f]/fsf] ;d:of To:t} /x]5 . 5f]/fn] k|ult eGbf klg b'u{lt u/]sf] /x]5 . unt ;+utsf sf/0f p;n] kfs]6 dfg{], rf]/L ug{] sfd ubf{] /x]5 . cfdf lbpF;e/ ef/L af]s]/ 5f]/fs} nflu b'Mv ug{] 5f]/fsf] unt ;+ut ;'wfg{ g;lsg] cj:yfdf pxfFn] k6s k6s cfTdxTofsf] k|of; ug{' ePsf] /x]5 . 5f]/f gzfdf n7\7 k/]/ cfPsf] ;dodf Ps k6s t 3fF6L lyr]/ cfkm' dg{] / p;nfO{ klg dfg{] k|of; ljkmn ePsf] /x]5 . dg{] dfG5] d/]/ uP klg afFRg]n] lsg

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cnu cnu xf] . lbgfgfyn] @)@# ;fndf cfkm' !) jif{sf] x'Fbf s;n] lst{] u¥of] hfgsf/L gePsf] aofg lbPsf 5g\ . pgsf afa' lqnf]Sogfysf] @)^!÷@)^@ ;fndf lgwg eP kZrft klg pQm hUuf cfkm}n] ef]urng ub{} cfPsf] bfjL u/]sf lyP . pQm hUufsf wgL ab|Lgfy l3gf+h' /x]sf]df pgsf] d[To' eP kZrft pgs} h]7f] 5f]/f xfnsf hUuf wgL :jlu{o dgf]x/gfy >]i7sf] >LdtL l;tf >]i7 l3gfËh' / ab|gfysf] sfG5f] 5f]/f 4fl/sfgfy l3gfËh' /x]sf] aofg lbPsf 5g\ . e"ld;'wf/ $ gDj/ kmf/fddf hf]tfxf c:yfoL lg:;fsf] dxn # df cfkm\gf] n]lvPsf] zAb ;RrfP/ c?sf] agfPsf], dxn $ df clwof zAb yk]sf] / dxn ^ df la|hdfof ljh' ab|Lgfy l3gfª eGg] zAb tyf cIf/x? lst{] ul/Psf] 5 . dfnkf]t sfof{nosf tTsflng ;dosf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ldn]dQf]df dfq} of] ;Rofpg ;Dej 5 . lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]ssf lhNnf GofofwLz ch{'g clwsf/Lsf] Ohnf;n] lbggfy >]i7n] d'n'sL kmf}hbf/L sfo{ljwL ;+lxtf P]g @)&$ sf] bkmf ^* adf]lhd %) xhf/ w/f}6Ldf /fvL d'2fnfO{ k'k{If agfO{Psf] 5 . pgnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L ;/sf/L 5fk b:tvt lst{]df d'2f btf{ u/]sf] lyof] . lst{]÷hfn;fh d'2fdf pgnfO{ w/f}6L ;lxtsf] tf/]vdf /fVg] cfb]z kf}if % ut] ePsf] lyof] . sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf w'lnv]n k~rfot j8f gDj/ & a:g] lqnf]sgfy >]i7sf] gfddf e"ld;'wf/ $ gDj/ kmf/fdsf] hUUffjfnf ab| L gfy l3gfªsf] gfddf hUuf ljhg ..@ b'O{ dfgfsf] ;fljs w'lnv]n j8f gDj/ ( s lsQf gDj/ ^& le8L alb|gfy l3gfªsf] gfddf >]:tf sfod ePsf] w'lnv]n j8f gDj/ $ a:g] alb|gfy l3gfªsf] j8f gDj/ ( sf lsQf gDj/ ^& sf] dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] @)%#* df3 !@ ut]sf] lg0f{o krf{ adf]lhd lsQf gDj/ ^& sf] hUuf alb| g fy l3gfªh' a f6 gfd;f/L eO{ dgx/nfn >]i7 l3gfªh'sf] gfddf uO{ /=g+= $(!* v )^&÷!@÷@# sf ca n]ls gDj/ ^& lsQfsf6 eO{ j8f gDj/ ( s @))@ l;tf >]i7 l3gfªh', lsQf gDj/ @))# 4fl/sfgfy >]i7, lsQf gDj/ @))$ g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfddf /x]sf] dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] >]:tfdf pNn]v 5 .

lSjh M @&* ;l/tf ;fksf]6f

!_ g]kfnsf] s'g hgu0fgfdf ;j{k|yd sDKo'6/sf] k|of]u ul/Psf] lyof] < @_ ljZjdf ;a}eGbf a9L kfOg] af3sf] k|hflt s'g xf] < #_ af3sf] j}1flgs gfd s] xf] < $_ g]kfnsf] ljB't tyf ph{f ;+u|fxno sxfF /x]sf] 5 < %_ cGt/fli6«o:t/sf] km'6an k|ltof]lutfdf klxnf] uf]n ug{] g]kfnL v]nf8L sf] x'g < ^_ kf]lnof] lj?4sf] vf]k kQf nufpg] j}1flgs sf] x'g < &_ ;"o{sf] k|sfzaf6 rlDsg] u|x tyf pku|xh:tf vuf]lno lk08sf] ;txaf6 k/fj{tg x'g] k|sfzsf] k/fj{tg zlQmnfO{ s] elgG5 < *_ laZj /fli6«o lgs'~h ;Dd]ng slt ;dosf] cGt/fndf cfof]hgf ul/G5 < (_ ef/tsf] klxnf] dlxnf /fi6«klt sf] x'g < !)_ r]i6f ;fKtflxsdf k|sfzg x'g] lSjh :tDesf/sf] gfd s] xf] <

k|fof]hs ljBf;fu/ af]l8{· :s'n ag]kf, sfe|]

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ag]kf–!), sfe|], )!!–^^@$($ Od]nM cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com j]jM cheshtaweekly.com.np

lSjhdf ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] ;lx hjfkm sfof{nosf] 6]lnkmf]g )!!–^^@$($ tyf x'nfs tyf Od]n dfkm{t k7fpg]]x? dWo]af6 k|To]s xKtfsf] PshgfnfO{ uf]nfk|yfåf/f ljh]tf 3f]if0ff ul/g]5 . ljh]tfsf] gfd dlxgfsf] klxnf] xKtf ljlxaf/ k|sfzg / k|fOd PkmPdaf6 k|;f/0f x'g] ljxfgsf] z'ek|eft sfo{qmddf k|;f/0f ul/g]5 . ljh]tfx?nfO{ r]i6f ;fKtflxssf] tkm{af6 cfs{ifs pkxf/ k|bfg ul/g]5 . ljh]tfx?n] k'/:sf/sf] nflu r]i6f ;fKtflxssf] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg'kg{]5 .

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r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @% c+s !) @)&% k'; @^ ut] ljxLjf/

r}tGo ax'd'vL SofDk; ag]kf–*, sfe|]df

M.Ed. [4 semester] df

egf{ v'Nof] sIff ;+rfng x'g] ljlzli6s/0f ljifox?M– English, Nepali, Ed.PM & Math kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldltM @)&% df3 @ ut], a'waf/ lq=lj k|j]z k/LIffM @)&% df3 @^ ut] -lbpF;f] ! ah]_ k|j]z k/LIff s]Gb« ;DalGw hgsf/Lsf] nflu www.tufoe.edu.np df x]g{ ;lsg] 5 .

sIff ;~rfngM @)&% kmfu'g ( ut]af6 sIff ;~rfngsf nflu lq=lj n] tf]s] adf]lhd ljBfyL{ ;+Vof clgjfo{ x'g'kg]{ 5 .

sfe|] a; Joj;foL ;+3

w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf

ag]kf, sfe|]sf]

Goflos ;ldlt

#! cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DaGwL ;"rgf sfe|] a; Joj;foL ;+3sf] #! cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef lgDg ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf x'g] ePsf] x'gfn] ;f] ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ uf8LwgLx?nfO{ kq k7fO;lsPsf] 5, olb kq k|fKt gePdf o;} ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL pkl:yt eOlbg'x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w ul/G5 . sfo{qmd

ldlt M @)&% kf}if #) ut] ;f]daf/ ;do M ljxfg !!M)) ah] :yfg M dfF pu|r08L kf6L{ e]Go", gfnf

j0f{ zfSo ;lrj

uf8L 5'6\g] ;do M

;Dks{ g+= )!!–^^!&@@

w'lnv]n, sfe|]sf]

d]nldnfkstf{sf] ?kdf ;'lrs[t x'g] ;DaGwdf ;"rgf k|ydk6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&%.(.@^

o; w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfdf d]nldnfkstf{sf] ?kdf cfkm\gf] gfd ;'lrs[t u/fpg x'gsf] nflu d]nldnfk kl/ifb\af6 jf d]nldnfk kl/ifb\af6 d]nldnfk;Fu ;DalGwt tflnd k|bfg ug{] :jLs[t k|fKt u/]sf ;+:yfx?af6 tflnd k|fKt u/]sf JolQmx?sf] of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] & lbg cyf{t ldlt @)&%.!).# ut]leqdf tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf o; gu/kflnsf sfof{no jf ;DalGwt j8f sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 .

ag]kf a;kfs{af6 ljxfg !)M#) ah], uf8L 5'6\g] ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpFb5' ._

gf]6 M lgj]bg kmf/fdsf] 9fFrf j8f sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fvL k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

cGo hfgsf/Lsf nflu M (*$!@()#^@, (*$!#)*)%^, (*$!@^(##( / (*%!)$%))*_

;+nUg ug{'kg{] cfjZos sfuhkqx?M

lgjf{rg tflnsf

SofDk; k|d'v h'h'efO dfgGw/

!= lgj]bg kmf/d @= d]nldnfk ;DalGw cfwf/e"t tflnd lnPsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk #= g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk $= kmf]6f] (auto size)

k|lt ! k|lt ! k|lt ! k|lt @

k'gZr lgjf{rg ;DaGwL sfo{qmd @)&%.(.@^ / @& ut] ;+3sf] sfof{nodf x'g] / dtbfg sfo{qmd pu|r08L kf6L{ e]Go" ag]kf $ gfnfdf x'g]5 . /fh]z >]i7 lgjf{rg clws[t gf]6 M :jLs[lt glnO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg u/]sf] klqsfnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg afWo x'g]5}g .

ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] gu/jf;Lx?df cg'/f]w 8 ag]kf gu/nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{]qmddf ;/;kmfO{ cleofg ;+rfng ul/g] eO/x]sf] ;a} gu/jf;L dxfg'efjx? ;xefuL eO{ ;kmn kf/f}+ .

8 gu/ If]qleqsf] ;jf/L cfjfudg Jojl:yt ug{] qmddf klxnf] r/0fdf s?0ff dfu{nfO{ @)&% kf}if @@ ut]af6 PstkmL{ k|of]usf] Joj:yf ldnfOPsfn] ;f]xL cg';f/ k|of]u u/f}+ .

8 ag]kf gfnf ;8sdf rNg] ofq'jfxs a; ljB't k|flws/0f cufl8sf] rf]saf6 r9\g] cf]n{] k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u u/f}+ .

8 cfkm\gf 3/k;n cufl8 ;fj{hlgs cfjfudgdf cj/f]w x'g] u/L Jofkfl/s ;fdfg glgsfnf}+ .

8 cfk\mgf] 3/ k;naf6 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/ ;se/ cfkm} Jojl:yt u/f}+ . kmfNg'kg{] kmf]xf]/ gu/kflnsfn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;dodf cfpg] ;jf/L ;fwgdf dfq /fVg] u/f}+ . r]i6f ;fKtflxs k|sfzgsf nflu k|sfzs.;Dkfbs M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($ email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|]