Financial statement of marks and spencer

FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF MARKS AND SPENCER INTRODUCTION-THE COMPANY Marks and Spencer is a major multinational company of Britain founded in 1884(around 132 years ago) by Michael Marks & Thomas Spencer in Leeds with its headquarters in the city of Westminster, London. It basically deals in home products, clothing, food products & luxury items. The company has its root widespread covering countries worldwide with over 1330 stores, and had annual revenue of ÂŁ10.300 billion in the year 2015.

The company became the first British retailer in the year 1998, and made a pre-tax profit of over ÂŁ 1 billion and subsequently faced a sudden slowdown, surprising its stakeholders, including thousands of small investors and all the retail and business analyst and journalist. The company thereafter made some changes in its functioning and was then listed on the London stock exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 index.

Mission and vision M&S is committed to deliver sustainable value for their shareholders and enhance lives everyday by offering high quality, own brand food, clothing and home products trough their retail and online stores in the UK as well as in the international market.

Operating and Strategic functioning M&S believes that a well-run business relies on proper financial management and planning. It is committed to create value for their shareholders by making M&S s more profitable business by aggressively improving their gross margin and strong cash generation, which is an effect of cost control.

In 2014/15, m7s made further progress against their own strategy to become a leading international & multinational retailer by enhancing their M&S.com infrastructure simultaneously focusing on exertion of a number of key projects like, improvement to their products allocation and replenishment system, looking forward in transforming M&S into a stronger, more agile business- putting the capabilities, talent and right infrastructure in place to drive their strategic priorities.

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M&S is working in a cut throat business environment where each and every company is trying their best to achieve their individual set targets. Putting and achieving the best is everyone’s aim and M&S due to its root in various areas of working like food and clothing has to face immense competition. M&S is trying hard to gain market share and their old market share and dominance which they loosed before, by providing quality food and clothes to all is their vision.

M&S earn its 90% of revenue from the UK alone. The core values of M&S is quality, availability, service and affordability.

Diagrammatic representation of M&S Strategic clock- differentiation Strategic clock Performance UK food revenue General merchandise gross margin UK general merchandise revenue Free cash flow pre dividends Food growth GM gross margin

£ 5.20 bn £ 52.6 bn £ 4.00 bn £ 524.2 m 3.4 % Increased by 190bps

Strategic priorities for the year 2015-16 

Food sales growth

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GM gross margin improvement

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Improve GM performance

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Strong cash generation.

Financial review

Group revenue UK International operating profit Uk International Underlying profit before tax

28 march-15 £m 10,311.4 9223.1 1088.3 762.5 670.2 92.3 661.2

Non underlying items Profit before tax Underlying basic earning per share share Basic earnings per share Dividend per share

61.2 600.0 29.7 33.1 29.7 18.0p

Cash flow and net debt

Working capital Pension fund Capex and disposals Interest and taxation Share transactions Free cash flow pre dividend Dividends paid Free cash flow Opening net debt Exchange & other non-cash movements Closing net debt

28 march 2015 £m 179.5 143.0 664.4 177.1 16.6 524.2 280.5 243.8 2463.6 3.1 2223.2

M&S and their stakeholders M&S has 42 stores throughout UK; around 66,000 employees are working with M&S in UK alone and millions worldwide. It is a PLC, which means that anyone can buy shares in the company.

The main shareholders are:- the owners are the people at the top of the business, they put their money in the business so as to earn profit and to carry out the business activities they are interested in the company because there is a direct relationship between the company’s money and their money, i.e; if the business looses money so do they and vice versa if the business earns money so will they. Business and the shareholders of the company may be counted as one entity rather than to different because the business functioning and their efforts are complimentary to each other rather than contradictory.

The important stakeholder analysis carried by M&S is 

To maintain friendly relationship with the stakeholder.

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To give profitable reasons to the stakeholders to be connected with them.

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To understand the importance of stakeholder in the organization.

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Stakeholder is the king and they should be valued.

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Risk is needed and should be taken for better results.

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To understand the need of the stakeholder as well as the organization and create a link between the two.

M&S and its shareholders manage their shares online by registering online through shareview, registering is a direct and easy process which allows their shareholders to:

Sign up for electronic shareholder communication.

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Can pay dividends directly to their bank account

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Keep track of the records

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Manage the accounts

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Can keep records of the shareholders like name, address and amount invested.

The dividends are paid to the shareholders in the month of January and July online directly to their account or personally depending on their choice.

Financial management and investment decision of M&S M&S is aggressively putting efforts so as to increase their efforts in various sectors and earn large amount of market share and further invest them into more productive areas. it do investment through various long term and short term modes.

The companies involving various portfolios are 

Cautious portfolio

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Balanced portfolio

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Dynamic portfolio

The current charges applied on various funds are 1.49% on cautious portfolio, 1.52% on balanced portfolio and 1.57% on dynamic portfolio. they are made up of the annual management charge and the fund expenses.

One can sell all or partial part of their shares they hold in the funds at any time and no charges are charged on withdrawing their investment.

Marks & Spencer has started their journey by philanthropy investment in 1970 and then moving towards community investment in the year 1980 followed by single issue management by one edge of the business in 1990s then came the plan A in 2007(100 commitments to reduce social and environment to print), next was the plan A Extended in 2010 (plan A integrated into processes and systems), then the final plan was led down in the year 2014 whose focus is on engagement. M&S is moving towards sustainable business plan and investment to be achieved till the yaer 2020 in which they are aiming high to create a value business moving positively towards frugal working that means to waste nothing and restore the natural environment and improve the standard of living of the society.

Financial ratios The companies with the help of various financial ratios calculate their profit, amount payable, turnover and debts etc.

For example:

Inventory turnover ratio= cost of goods sold(COGS)/ average inventory

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Receivables turnover ratio= net revenue / average receivables

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Payables= purchases/ average payables

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Return on equity= net income/ total stakeholders equity

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Return on assets= net income/ total assets

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Net profit margin = net income / total assets

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Debt to equity ratio= total debt/ total stakeholders equity.

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Net profit margin= net income / net revenue

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Gross profit margin= gross income/ net revenue

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Interest coverage ratio= earnings before interest and taxes/ interest payments.

The stakeholders are mainly interested n the ratios’ related to debt equity ratio as it shows the distribution of companies debt to be borne by the stakeholders. The return on equity which shows the profit they earn after investing into the company, the companies turnover as it will ultimately define the companies working and the position of the stakeholder that whether they are earning profit or incurring losses because the greater the turnover of the company the more will be the profits enjoyed by the stakeholders and the employees in the company.

This are the various financial ratios that analyses the strengths and weaknesses of any company.

Trends in performance (horizontal analysis) M&S sells high quality and great value products to 33 million customers in UK through their retail stores and E-commerce platform. The M & S has divided their business in two sections the one is the food section which accounts for around 57 % of their turnover and the general merchandise which involves clothing of men’s and women’s wear and account for the remaining 43 %.

They are moving towards other areas as well so to cover wider range of market. The availability of the quality product ensures the existence of the company in the long run and competing toughly with its competitors. The M & S.com site has around 7 million registered users which show the strength of the company worldwide. It has 480 fully owned, jointly owned and franchise in 59 territories across Europe.

Conclusion The starting of the M&S 132 years back and its strong existence even now in their competitive world is a remarkable point. Its roots in different sector and its commendable performance is a proof of its better working.

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