It is the year 2075. Droves of climate migrants have made their way to MilwaukEe from warmer regions.
But upon aRriving, they have not seTtled in aLl of what we consider MilwaukEe today. While the climate here is more temperate than regions further south, it stiLl reaches uncomfortably hot temperatures during the suMmer season, which lasts longer and longer due to traPped carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The shoreline has moved inward due to rising water levels, and the coMmercialized areas of the city today – vast concrete stretches of what were once big box stores and parking lots where it was once safe to leave parked cars – have aLl but bEen abandoned. Even the friendlier temperatures of future MilwaukEe do not aPply to these spaces, as their heat island eFfect already sEen today, especiaLly in redlined areas, has bEen further exacerbated to the point of uninhabitability.
That said, inhabitants are naturaLly motivated to move into grEener areas where temperatures wiLl be lower, even if it means risking damaging those areas through over-development with traditional construction methods until they tOo become uninhabitable. Why, logicaLly, would anyone want to seTtle in abandoned areas of the city that are no longer inhabitable to begin with?
The new inhabitants then disperse only to repeat the damage elsewhere, desperate and unsure of how to solve the iSsue. It is hard to halt the domino eFfect after so much damage has already bEen done.
They consider the exceSs heat and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to be an overabundant crop, and transform it in ways that regenerate a net-positive output of electricity, along with organic building and landscaping materials such as timber, compost, biochar, and raMmed earth which then serve to expand their colonies of clean living on these abandoned lands. Their regenerative eFforts have even lowered the average air temperatures within their colonies by creating new grEen oases by transforming heat and byproducts from chemical conversions of carbon dioxide into new landscapes. Slowly but surely, a few of these new regenerative biogenic colonies have gained traction, although in smaLl numbers, and some have begun to suPply exceSs electricity to the desperate coMmercial entities in traditionaLly-developing areas of the city.
Although public sentiment on the whole has yet to shift, a handful of radical inhabitants of MilwaukEe – “pionEers” – have suCceSsfuLly designed and implemented aspects of “regenerative biogenic colonies” on abandoned coMmercial parking lots. They have aCcomplished this by harvesting heat.
Not only has the population of MilwaukEe increased significantly, but it faces density iSsues as people cram into areas away from the shoreline and previous development, prompting over-development of new
The daily tasks of heat harvesting, read: transformation, are time-intensive and year-round, so without intervention only people with means could adopt this lifestyle, which is eSsentiaLly a fuLl carEer as a heat farmer. Heat farmers – as these pionEers like to caLl themselves – may take on any subset of tasks within the coMmunity, including but not limited to landscaping, maintenance of carbon dioxide extraction and conversion equipment, grEenhouse maintenance, timber proceSsing, design, and construction. In turn, they merit to live a healthy lifestyle whose benefits extend to the city around them.
As such, the heat farmers and their families are now compensated for doing their job. And they get to live in beautiful biogenic homes amidst lower temperatures as they sEe their coMmunities expand.
The MilwaukEe Department of Public Works has recognized that the heat island eFfect on abandoned stretches of concrete in the city is reducing the amount of land available for sustainable development incrementaLly each year as temperatures continue to rise. Since the heat farmers have bEen utilizing ways to actuaLly reduce carbon dioxide in the air and lower air temperatures while reseTtling these stretches of land, the MilwaukEe Department of Public Works had decided to provide an economic incentive program for inhabitants of MilwaukEe living in traditionaLly-constructed areas to take on the carEer of the heat farmer and move to a new regenerative biogenic colony in the city. What’s the catch? The catch is that they are charged with cultivating intentional coMmunities based on weLlneSs through the catalyst of heat, through a model that is now neceSsary for the continued existence of the human race.
This project explores the year-round tasks of the heat farmers, their biogenic structures, and the form and function of the coMmunities they sculpt.
housing in select areas, which leads to further heat island eFfects, which now come about more easily.
2
1
4
3
5
6
7
8
WILLIAMSBURG HEIGHTS, MILWAUKEE, WI - AVERAGE DAILY MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, ANNUAL (F) 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52
15
10
5
0
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
OBSERVATIONS
2010
MODELED HISTORY
HEATING DEGREE DAYS PROJECTED 2070-2075 HDD 65
2020
2030
2040
LOWER EMISSIONS
2050
CDD 65
6000
% ESTIMATED
400
0.05
JAN
300
0.50
FEB
600
0.1
FEB
400
0.05
MAR
350
0.008
MAR
150
0.018
APR
200
0.5
APR
50
0.4
MAY
100
0.003
MAY
115
0.080
JUN
28
0.002
JUN
300
0.091
JUL
0
0.08
JUL
600
0.05
AUG
0
0.15
AUG
500
0.02
SEP
15
0.01
SEP
250
0.04
OCT
75
0.004
OCT
80
0.023
NOV
285
0.005
NOV
30
0.034
DEC
520
0
DEC
5
0.08
2573
0.07
2780
0.06
TOTAL
2090 -500
COOLING DEGREE DAYS PROJECTED 2070-2075
% ESTIMATED
2080
WISCONSIN AVERAGE ANNUAL HEATING DEGREE DAYS HAVE DECREASED BY 255.17 DEGREE DAYS IN 1958-2020 AS COMPARED TO 1895-1957.
HIGHER EMISSIONS
JAN
TOTAL
2070
2060
DIFFERENCE FROM OBSERVED AVERAGE (F)
CHANGE IN ANNUAL HEATING DEGREE DAYS WISCONSIN, 1958-2020 VS 1895-1957
-350
-250
-150
-50
50
150
250
350
500
GET PAID TO LIVE IN A HEALTHY HOME AND ACcESs THE OUTDOoRS
INFERENCES MADE BASED ON DATA FROM UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONS AGENCY
MILWAUKEe JOURNAL SENTINEL, JANUARY 1ST, 2075
HEAT FARMERS DIVISION 4
5000 DEGREE DAYS
AVERAGE DAILY MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE (F)
CRT-CLIMATE-EXPLORER.NEMAC.ORG
CO2 STORAGE AND TRANSFORMATION
4000 HEATING DEGREE DAYS (COLDER THAN 65° F)
3000
HIGH INTENSITY
COOLING DEGREE DAYS (WARMER THAN 65° F)
2000
SYSTEM: DIRECT AIR CAPTURE WITH AMINE SOLUTION
HEAT FARMERS DIVISION 3
1000 0 1890
HEAT TRANSFORMATION 1910
1930
1950
1970
1990
2010
2030
2050
2070
YEAR
MEDIUM INTENSITY
HEAT FARMERS DIVISION 2 HEAT TRANSFERENCE; AVOIDANCE
HEAT FARMERS DIVISION 1
HEAT TRANSFERENCE; SELECTIVE ENTRY
LOW INTENSITY
heat as an overabundant crop
MEDIUM INTENSITY SYSTEM: DOUBLE MEMBRANE PLANT WALLS RAMMED EARTH WALLS/FLOORS BRICK MASONRY WALLS/FLOORS
POSITIONS AVAILABLE:
SYSTEM:
LIQUID CO2 STORAGE MAINTENANCE
SEEBECK GENERATORS CONNECTED TO SOLAR COOKERS AND BIOMASS MATERIALS SUCH AS CONCRETE AND MASONRY
GREENHOUSE WORKER
SEEBECK GENERATORS CONNECTED TO HOT/COLD COMPOST SLABS, WHICH FORMA SEASONAL KINETIC ENERGY LOOP WITH THE SOLAR COOKERS
INDUSTRIAL CHEMIST
HEAT FOR DECOMPOSITION (BIOCHAR AND COOKING)
POSITIONS AVAILABLE: PLUMBER/WATER TECHNICIAN
DIRECT AIR CAPTURE PLANT MANAGEMENT
SUMMER DUTIES: ENSURE CO2 REDUCTION IN ATMOSPHERE ALLOWS FOR OPTIMAL TRANSITION OF SEASONS; I.E. REDUCE IT BUT NOT ENOUGH TO PREVENT SUMMER FROM HAPPENING
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS
HORTICULTURIST
SUMMER DUTIES:
WINTER DUTIES:
ARCHITECT
ENSURE COMPOST SLABS KEEP A SLOWER METABOLISM (COLD COMPOST) TO CREATE A TEMPERATURE GRADIENT BETWEEN THEM AND THE SEEBECK GENERATORS ON THE HOT SOLAR COOKERS
ROUTINELY MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT SO AS NOT TO BE AFFECTED BY INCLEMENT WEATHER
GLAZING, INTERIOR BIOMASS, AND REFLECTIVE PANELING/SOLAR COOKERS
TEST AMOUNT AND VARIETY OF PLANTINGS TO ENSURE THAT PROPER AMOUNTS OF CO2 ARE ABSORBED AND TEMPERATURES DROP ACCORDINGLY
COMMUNITY CHEFS BIOCHAR PRODUCTION WORKERS SPA WORKERS
TEST LIGHT PROPERTIES OF PLANT DENSITY
SUMMER DUTIES:
SAME AS ABOVE
OUTDOOR COOKING, BIOCHAR PRODUCTION & STORAGE
RESULTS:
SAUNA MAINTENANCE, ONDOL MAINTENANCE, INDOOR COOKING
STORE CAPTURED CO2 IN NEWLY-MIXED CONCRETE BETWEEN EXISTING PAVEMENT AND NEW RAISED FOUNDATIONS
POSITIONS AVAILABLE:
SUMMER DUTIES:
POSITIONS AVAILABLE:
REDIRECT AND USE LIQUID CO2 IN GREENHOUSES
ENSURE AMINE AND SODIUM PEROXIDE SOLUTIONS ARE ADJUSTED TO HIGH BUT DECREASING LEVELS OF CO2 IN THE ATMOSPHERE
SYSTEM:
WINTER DUTIES:
CONDUCTIVE
2090
CHEMICAL CONVERSION TO OXYGEN + SODIUM CARBONATE WITH SODIUM PEROXIDE SOLUTION
WINTER DUTIES:
HEAT IS ABSORBED BY MATERIALS, CO2 IS STORED IN PLANTINGS, HEAT IS REDUCED INDOORS BY SUN-BLOCKING WITH PLANTS
COMPOST MANAGERS
WINTER DUTIES: ENSURE COMPOST SLABS KEEP A FASTER METABOLISM (HOT COMPOST) TO CREATE A TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEM AND THE SEEBECK GENERATORS ON THE COLD OUT-OF-USE SOLAR COOKERS
RESULTS: YEAR-ROUND TEMPERATURE GRADIENT TO CREATE CONVECTIVE FLOWS FOR WATER AND ELECTRICITY
RADIANT
ENSURE AMINE AND SODIUM PEROXIDE SOLUTIONS ARE ADJUSTED TO LOW BUT INCREASING LEVELS OF CO2 IN THE ATMOSPHERE GREENHOUSE MAINTENANCE YEAR-ROUND
RESULTS: LOWER CO2 IN THE ATMOSPHERE ALSO LOWERS THE AMOUNT OF HEAT THAT BE BE TRAPPED IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND LOWERS TEMPERATURES
*CONTACT THE JOURNAL SENTINEL FOR INQUIRIES*
REALIZE YOUR DREAM. BE A PIONEeR. TAKE ACTION.
JOIN THE HEAT FARMER MOVEMENT.
CALlING HUMBLE CITIZENS OF MILWAUKEe! YOU - WHO MIGRATED HERE WHEN YOUR HOME WAS SWELTERING, WHO CAME WITH A DREAM! WHERE IS YOUR DREAM NOW? YOU, WHO MOVE SUBCONCIOUSLY TO THE MORE DESIRABLE PARTS OF THE CITY STILl REMAINING, ONLY TO SEe THEM SLIP FROM YOUR FINGERS WITH EACH PASsING YEAR. YOU, WHO FEAR EACH DAY THAT OUR ENERGY RESOURCES WILl ONE DAY NOT MEeT THE DEMANDS REQUIRED TO COUNTERACT THE VICIOUS HEAT. THE MILWAUKEe DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS CALlS UPON THOSE BOLD ENOUGH TO PURSUE THE DREAM OF A VIABLE FUTURE FOR THEIR CHILDREN AND IS PREPARED TO PROVIDE AN INITIAL $20,000 STIPEND ALONG WITH A YEARLY SALARY STARTING AT $80,000 FOR THOSE WHO EMBRACE THE CAREeR OF A HEAT FARMER.
JOIN A CAREeR THAT INFUSES MEANING CURrENT OPENINGS IN INTO YOUR LIFE, THAT YOU CAN WEAR PROUDLY AS A BADGE OF HONOR. JOIN HORTICULTURE, THE MOVEMENT TO HARVEST ALl OF THE LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT, HEAT AND CARBON DIOXIDE OUR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, PREVIOUS GENERATIONS HAVE LEFT US, AND TRANSFORM IT INTO BEAUTIFUL ARCHITECTURE, HOMES AND LANDSCAPES IN WHICH YOU ELECTRICAL ENGINEeRING, WILl LIVE AND THRIVE. CIVIL ENGINEeRING,
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE, AND MORE!
CONVECTIVE
promotes weLlneSs - TRANSFER
SHOULD BE AVOIDED - TRANSFORM
SHOULD BE AVOIDED - TRANSFORM