NYS GLOBAL REGENTS - GEOGRAPHY MC

GEOGRAPHY Regents Questions, 2000 – 2013

ADAPTING TO ENVIRONMENT Both Inca farmers and Japanese farmers adapted a geographic feature of their countries by 1) Engaging in overseas expansion 2) Growing crops suited to desert climates 3) Building terraces into the mountainsides 4) Reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes Which geographic factor had the most influence on the development of Inca society and Japanese society?

1) Frequent monsoons 2) Large deserts 3) Mountainous topography 4) Tropical climate The ancient cultures of both the Incas and the Chinese adapted to the physical geography of their region by 1) Developing terrace farming on hillsides 2) Building chariots to protect their open plains against invaders 3) Becoming maritime traders 4) Constructing harbors to encourage exploration Use of terracing is an example of a society’s reaction to 1) Religious beliefs 2) Social stratification 3) Geographic conditions 4) Political situations

These photographs indicate the people of China and the people of ancient Peru modified their environment to 1) create effective trade routes 2) increase the amount of land available for agriculture 3) move large quantities of water into cities 4) provide an effective defense Throughout history, people have lived on savannas, in deserts, in mountains, along river valleys, along coastlines, and on islands This statement demonstrates that people 1) Adapt their surroundings 2) Develop a common language 3) Organize similar forms of government 4) Prefer to live in isolated areas

THE RUSSIAN WINTER Which factors helped caused the defeat of Napoleon during his invasion of Russia?

1) The severe winters and large size of Russia 2) The many rivers and mountains of Russia 3) The coalition between the Russian czar and the democratic leaders 4) The well-trained and well-supplied Russian army

GEOGRAPHY Regents Questions, 2000 – 2014

ADAPTING TO ENVIRONMENT Both Inca farmers and Japanese farmers adapted a geographic feature of their countries by 1) Engaging in overseas expansion 2) Growing crops suited to desert climates 3) BUILDING TERRACES INTO THE MOUNTAINSIDES 4) Reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes Which geographic factor had the most influence on the development of Inca society and Japanese society?

1) Frequent monsoons 2) Large deserts 3) MOUNTAINOUS TOPOGRAPHY 4) Tropical climate The ancient cultures of both the Incas and the Chinese adapted to the physical geography of their region by 1) DEVELOPING TERRACE FARMING ON HILLSIDES 2) Building chariots to protect their open plains against invaders 3) Becoming maritime traders 4) Constructing harbors to encourage exploration Use of terracing is an example of a society’s reaction to 1) Religious beliefs 2) Social stratification 3) GEOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS 4) Political situations

These photographs indicate the people of China and the people of ancient Peru modified their environment to 1) create effective trade routes 2) INCREASE THE AMOUNT OF LAND AVAILABLE FOR AGRICULTURE 3) move large quantities of water into cities 4) provide an effective defense Throughout history, people have lived on savannas, in deserts, in mountains, along river valleys, along coastlines, and on islands This statement demonstrates that people 1) ADAPT THEIR SURROUNDINGS 2) Develop a common language 3) Organize similar forms of government 4) Prefer to live in isolated areas

THE RUSSIAN WINTER Which factors helped caused the defeat of Napoleon during his invasion of Russia?

1) THE SEVERE WINTERS AND LARGE SIZE OF RUSSIA 2) The many rivers and mountains of Russia 3) The coalition between the Russian czar and the democratic leaders 4) The well-trained and well-supplied Russian army

Which action taken by both Hitler and Napoleon is considered by historians to be a strategic military error?

1) Invading Russia with limited supply lines 2) Introducing combined round and naval assaults 3) Invading Great Britain by land 4) Using conquered peoples as slave laborers The invasions of Russia by France in 1812 and by Germany in World War II were unsuccessful in part because of the 1) Russian alliances with China 2) Harsh climatic conditions in Russia 3) Inexperience of French and German military leaders 4) Failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons Which factor aided Russian troops in defeating Napoleon’s armies and Soviet forces in defeating Hitler’s armies?

1) Severe winters 2) Mountain passes 3) Superior air forces 4) United Nations peacekeepers Which factor most hindered the efforts of both Napoleon and Hitler to conquer Russia?

1) Climate 2) Fortifications 3) Advanced technology 4) Lack of ports Which geographic factor played the greatest role in preventing Russia from being conquered by both Napoleon and Hitler?

1) Deserts 2) Rivers 3) Climate 4) Mountains Which geographic condition contributed to the defeat of Napoleon’s troops during the invasion of Russia?

1) Drought 2) Typhoons 3) Severe flooding 4) Harsh winter How did geography affect both Napoleon's invasion and Hitler's invasion of Russia?

1) Deserts made invasion possible 2) The climate created obstacles to success 3) The tundra enable the movements of troops 4) Warm-water ports prevented the flow of supplies

This World War II cartoon is showing the relationship between climate and the 1) Inability of Nazi forces to defeat the Soviet Union 2) Success of allied troops after D-day 3) Efforts by Allied troops to control Berlin 4) Casualties suffered by the Soviet Union During World War II, which geographic features contributed most to the Soviet Union's defense against the German invasion?

1) deposits of many natural resources 2) Size and climate 3) Atlantic ports and rivers 4) mountainous territory and desert areas

Which action taken by both Hitler and Napoleon is considered by historians to be a strategic military error?

1) INVADING RUSSIA WITH LIMITED SUPPLY LINES 2) Introducing combined round and naval assaults 3) Invading Great Britain by land 4) Using conquered peoples as slave laborers The invasions of Russia by France in 1812 and by Germany in World War II were unsuccessful in part because of the 1) Russian alliances with China 2) HARSH CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN RUSSIA 3) Inexperience of French and German military leaders 4) Failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons Which factor aided Russian troops in defeating Napoleon’s armies and Soviet forces in defeating Hitler’s armies?

1) SEVERE WINTERS 2) Mountain passes 3) Superior air forces 4) United Nations peacekeepers Which factor most hindered the efforts of both Napoleon and Hitler to conquer Russia?

1) CLIMATE 2) Fortifications 3) Advanced technology 4) Lack of ports Which geographic factor played the greatest role in preventing Russia from being conquered by both Napoleon and Hitler?

1) Deserts 2) Rivers 3) CLIMATE 4) Mountains Which geographic condition contributed to the defeat of Napoleon’s troops during the invasion of Russia?

1) Drought 2) Typhoons 3) Severe flooding 4) HARSH WINTER How did geography affect both Napoleon's invasion and Hitler's invasion of Russia?

1) Deserts made invasion possible 2) THE CLIMATE CREATED OBSTACLES TO SUCCESS 3) The tundra enable the movements of troops 4) Warm-water ports prevented the flow of supplies

This World War II cartoon is showing the relationship between climate and the 1) INABILITY OF NAZI FORCES TO DEFEAT THE SOVIET UNION 2) Success of allied troops after D-day 3) Efforts by Allied troops to control Berlin 4) Casualties suffered by the Soviet Union During World War II, which geographic features contributed most to the Soviet Union's defense against the German invasion?

1) deposits of many natural resources 2) SIZE AND CLIMATE 3) Atlantic ports and rivers 4) mountainous territory and desert areas

What was one factor that caused Napoleon’s invasion of Russia and Hitler’s invasion of Russia to be unsuccessful?

1) Poorly trained military forces 2) A lack of alliances 3) Harsh winter climate 4) Mountainous terrain

GEOGRAPHY SHAPING CIVILIZATION For years, the Sahara was an obstacle for Europeans while Africans used the desert as a highway. Which conclusion is supported by the this statement?

1) Trade between Africa and Europe decreased 2) African empires generally avoided contact with Europeans 3) Desertification reduced the amount of arable land available to Africans and Europeans 4) Initially, Europeans lacked the knowledge and skills needed to travel in the desert Which geographic factor had a major influence on the development of both Egyptian and Babylonian civilizations?

1) river valleys 2) cool temperatures 3) locations near a strait 4) mountains Which geographic factor affected the development of the Gupta Empire?

1) Volcanoes 2) Permafrost 3) Monsoons 4) Island location Which statement is most accurate concerning the effect of geography on the history of Poland?

1) Natural barriers have isolated and protected Poland 2) The northern European Plain has made Poland vulnerable to invasion 3) Mountains have restricted the diffusion of Polish culture 4) The absence of seaports has limited Polish economic growth Which geographic factor of Spain and Portugal most enhanced their ability to engage in exploration?

1) Peninsular location 2) Mountainous region 3) Extensive river system 4) Fertile plain Which geographic feature most directly influenced the development of Greek city-states?

1) Deserts 2) Mountainous terrain 3) Vast plains 4) Monsoons How did the geography of the Italian peninsula influence the development of the Roman Empire 1) The unnaviagable rivers in the northern part of the peninsula protected the Romans from their neighbors 2) The harsh climate prevented agricultural production on the Italian peninsula 3) The lengthy, rugged seacoast encouraged frequent invasions of the Italian peninsula 4) The location of the peninsula contributed to Roman control of the Mediterranean region Which geographic factor directly influenced the early interactions between China and Korea?

1) Location 2) Monsoons 3) Arid climate 4) Tropical savannas What was the impact of Korea’s geographic location on the history of East Asia?

1) Isolating Russia from Japan 2) Protecting China from Mongol invaders 3) Preventing Europeans from colonizing East Asia 4) Serving as a cultural bridge between China and Japan One way in which South Korea, Saudi Arabia and India are geographically similar is that each is located on 1) An island 2) An archipelago 3) An isthmus 4) Peninsula

What was one factor that caused Napoleon’s invasion of Russia and Hitler’s invasion of Russia to be unsuccessful?

1) Poorly trained military forces 2) A lack of alliances 3) HARSH WINTER CLIMATE 4) Mountainous terrain

GEOGRAPHY SHAPING CIVILIZATION For years, the Sahara was an obstacle for Europeans while Africans used the desert as a highway. Which conclusion is supported by the this statement?

1) Trade between Africa and Europe decreased 2) African empires generally avoided contact with Europeans 3) Desertification reduced the amount of arable land available to Africans and Europeans 4) INITIALLY, EUROPEANS LACKED THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS NEEDED TO TRAVEL IN THE DESERT Which geographic factor had a major influence on the development of both Egyptian and Babylonian civilizations?

1) RIVER VALLEYS 2) cool temperatures 3) locations near a strait 4) mountains Which geographic factor affected the development of the Gupta Empire?

1) Volcanoes 2) Permafrost 3) MONSOONS 4) Island location Which statement is most accurate concerning the effect of geography on the history of Poland?

1) Natural barriers have isolated and protected Poland 2) THE NORTHERN EUROPEAN PLAIN HAS MADE POLAND VULNERABLE TO INVASION 3) Mountains have restricted the diffusion of Polish culture 4) The absence of seaports has limited Polish economic growth Which geographic factor of Spain and Portugal most enhanced their ability to engage in exploration?

1) PENINSULAR LOCATION 2) Mountainous region 3) Extensive river system 4) Fertile plain Which geographic feature most directly influenced the development of Greek city-states?

1) Deserts 2) MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN 3) Vast plains 4) Monsoons How did the geography of the Italian peninsula influence the development of the Roman Empire 1) The unnaviagable rivers in the northern part of the peninsula protected the Romans from their neighbors 2) The harsh climate prevented agricultural production on the Italian peninsula 3) The lengthy, rugged seacoast encouraged frequent invasions of the Italian peninsula 4) THE LOCATION OF THE PENINSULA CONTRIBUTED TO ROMAN CONTROL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION Which geographic factor directly influenced the early interactions between China and Korea?

1) LOCATION 2) Monsoons 3) Arid climate 4) Tropical savannas What was the impact of Korea’s geographic location on the history of East Asia?

1) Isolating Russia from Japan 2) Protecting China from Mongol invaders 3) Preventing Europeans from colonizing East Asia 4) SERVING AS A CULTURAL BRIDGE BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN One way in which South Korea, Saudi Arabia and India are geographically similar is that each is located on 1) An island 2) An archipelago 3) An isthmus 4) PENINSULA

A geographic similarity between Italy and India is that both of these countries are located 1) On peninsulas 2) On archipelagos 3) Between two oceans 4) South of the equator

CANAL ZONE The Panama Canal and Suez Canal are similar in that both 1) shortened shipping routes between major bodies of water 2) were built by the British to expand their empire 3) replaced the Silk Road as the world's main trade route 4) directly connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans One reason the Suez Canal has been of strategic importance to countries other than Egypt was that the canal?

1) Allowed for faster movement between the North Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean 2) Enabled Europeans to explore the Western Hemisphere 3) Made it easier for Russia to gain control of Afghanistan 4) Provided the Austro-Hungarian Empire with access to its colonies in South Asia A major argument used to support the building of the Suez and Panama Canals was that these waterways would 1) Shorten trade routes 2) Strengthen command economies 3) Increase competition for trade 4) Promote the local economy

GEOGRAPHERS & CARTOGRAPHY One reason that many historians study geography is to 1) Help predict changes in government 2) Show connections between peoples and places 3) Tell when events took place 4) Explore the value systems of early people  Kabul is the capital of Afghanistan  India borders Pakistan, China, and Bangladesh  Most of China’s major cities are in the eastern part of the country Which type of map would be most helpful in verifying all this information?

1) Political 2) Climate 3) Land use 4) Population density What would a geographer conducting research be most likely to do?

1) Use carbon-14 to determine the age of artifacts 2) Analyze the reason women vote for certain candidates 3) Observe the effects of wind patterns on regional trade 4) Design a survey to determine the online spending habits of young people Knowing the latitude of a location would be most helpful in determining 1) Language 2) Temperature 3) Population 4) Time What does a topographic map show?

1) Climate Regions 2) 2) Ethnic distributions 3) 3) Patterns of trade 4) 4) physical features What feature would most likely appear on a physical map?

1) Population densities 2) Land usage patterns 3) Climatic patterns 4) Mountain ranges

A geographic similarity between Italy and India is that both of these countries are located 1) ON PENINSULAS 2) On archipelagos 3) Between two oceans 4) South of the equator

CANAL ZONE The Panama Canal and Suez Canal are similar in that both 1) SHORTENED SHIPPING ROUTES BETWEEN MAJOR BODIES OF WATER 2) were built by the British to expand their empire 3) replaced the Silk Road as the world's main trade route 4) directly connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans One reason the Suez Canal has been of strategic importance to countries other than Egypt was that the canal?

1) ALLOWED FOR FASTER MOVEMENT BETWEEN THE NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN AND THE INDIAN OCEAN 2) Enabled Europeans to explore the Western Hemisphere 3) Made it easier for Russia to gain control of Afghanistan 4) Provided the Austro-Hungarian Empire with access to its colonies in South Asia A major argument used to support the building of the Suez and Panama Canals was that these waterways would 1) SHORTEN TRADE ROUTES 2) Strengthen command economies 3) Increase competition for trade 4) Promote the local economy

GEOGRAPHERS & CARTOGRAPHY One reason that many historians study geography is to 1) Help predict changes in government 2) SHOW CONNECTIONS BETWEEN PEOPLES AND PLACES 3) Tell when events took place 4) Explore the value systems of early people  Kabul is the capital of Afghanistan  India borders Pakistan, China, and Bangladesh  Most of China’s major cities are in the eastern part of the country Which type of map would be most helpful in verifying all this information?

1) POLITICAL 2) Climate 3) Land use 4) Population density What would a geographer conducting research be most likely to do?

1) Use carbon-14 to determine the age of artifacts 2) Analyze the reason women vote for certain candidates 3) OBSERVE THE EFFECTS OF WIND PATTERNS ON REGIONAL TRADE 4) Design a survey to determine the online spending habits of young people Knowing the latitude of a location would be most helpful in determining 1) Language 2) TEMPERATURE 3) Population 4) Time What does a topographic map show?

1) Climate Regions 2) Ethnic distributions 3) Patterns of trade 4) PHYSICAL FEATURES What feature would most likely appear on a physical map?

1) Population densities 2) Land usage patterns 3) Climatic patterns 4) MOUNTAIN RANGES

A cartogram provides useful information because it can accurately represent 1) The actual size of various nations 2) The topography of an area 3) Relative differences between various nations 4) Trade and travel routes According to the cartogram, which of these nations has the smallest population?

1) Cuba 2) Mexico 3) Brazil 4) Argentina Which feature would most likely be shown on a physical map?

1) Population density 2) Vegetation zones 3) Climate 4) Mountain ranges

WHERE IS . . . ?  The Americas are referred to as the “New World”  Eastern Asia is referred to as the “Far East”  Southwest Asia is referred to as a part of the “Middle East.”

Whose perspective is best represented by these regional place names?

1) Chinese 2) African 3) European 4) Indian The use of the geographic terms Near East and Far East reflects 1) The distance of nations from Mecca 2) A European view of the world 3) A Japanese perspective of Asia 4) The location of Southwest Asia in relation to North Africa Which name identifies the region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers?

1) Cape of Good Hope 2) Sinai Peninsula 3) Mesopotamia 4) Horn of Africa Which geographic feature has helped isolate China?

1) Andes Mountains 2) Kalahari Desert 3) Himalaya Mountains 4) Great Rift Valley

A cartogram provides useful information because it can accurately represent 1) The actual size of various nations 2) The topography of an area 3) RELATIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN VARIOUS NATIONS 4) Trade and travel routes According to the cartogram, which of these nations has the smallest population?

1) CUBA 2) Mexico 3) Brazil 4) Argentina Which feature would most likely be shown on a physical map?

1) Population density 2) Vegetation zones 3) Climate 4) MOUNTAIN RANGES

WHERE IS . . . ?  The Americas are referred to as the “New World”  Eastern Asia is referred to as the “Far East”  Southwest Asia is referred to as a part of the “Middle East.”

Whose perspective is best represented by these regional place names?

1) Chinese 2) African 3) EUROPEAN 4) Indian The use of the geographic terms Near East and Far East reflects 1) The distance of nations from Mecca 2) A EUROPEAN VIEW OF THE WORLD 3) A Japanese perspective of Asia 4) The location of Southwest Asia in relation to North Africa Which name identifies the region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers?

1) Cape of Good Hope 2) Sinai Peninsula 3) MESOPOTAMIA 4) Horn of Africa Which geographic feature has helped isolate China?

1) Andes Mountains 2) Kalahari Desert 3) HIMALAYA MOUNTAINS 4) Great Rift Valley

What body of water is located between Southwest Asia and Southeast Asia?

1) Pacific Ocean 2) Caribbean Sea 3) Indian Ocean 4) Black Sea Which nation is located on a peninsula?

1) Brazil 2) Philippines 3) Saudi Arabia 4) Austria

Which letter identifies the peninsula that is home to Mecca, the religious center of Islam?

1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D Which letter identifies the peninsula that was the site of the Vietnam conflict and the atrocities of Pol Pot? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D   

Large areas in the north and south received less than ten inches of rainfall annually The presence of waterfalls and rapids slowed river travel Highlands and steep cliffs limited exploration

In which region did these geographic factors have an impact on European exploration and colonization?

1) South America 2) Southeast Asia 3) Subcontinent of India 4) Africa Which continent’s economic and political development has been influenced by the Andes Mountains and the Amazon Basin?

1) Asia 2) Africa 3) Europe 4) South America

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY  Siberian Plain  Sahara Desert  Amazon Basin  Mongolian Steppes One characteristic common to these areas is that they all 1) Have a low population density 2) Are located between major river valleys 3) Are major religious centers 4) Have large areas of valuable farmland

What body of water is located between Southwest Asia and Southeast Asia?

1) Pacific Ocean 2) Caribbean Sea 3) INDIAN OCEAN 4) Black Sea Which nation is located on a peninsula?

1) Brazil 2) Philippines 3) SAUDI ARABIA 4) Austria

Which letter identifies the peninsula that is home to Mecca, the religious center of Islam?

1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D Which letter identifies the peninsula that was the site of the Vietnam conflict and the atrocities of Pol Pot? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D   

Large areas in the north and south received less than ten inches of rainfall annually The presence of waterfalls and rapids slowed river travel Highlands and steep cliffs limited exploration

In which region did these geographic factors have an impact on European exploration and colonization?

1) South America 2) Southeast Asia 3) Subcontinent of India 4) AFRICA Which continent’s economic and political development has been influenced by the Andes Mountains and the Amazon Basin?

1) Asia 2) Africa 3) Europe 4) SOUTH AMERICA

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY  Siberian Plain  Sahara Desert  Amazon Basin  Mongolian Steppes One characteristic common to these areas is that they all 1) HAVE A LOW POPULATION DENSITY 2) Are located between major river valleys 3) Are major religious centers 4) Have large areas of valuable farmland

 Oceans are an important source of food in Japan  Terrace farming is used in many parts of China  Irrigation systems are widely used in India Which conclusion can best be drawn from these statements?

1) Many civilizations use irrigation to improve crop production 2) People adapt to meet the challenges of their geography 3) Fish provide adequate protein for the Japanese 4) Most nations are dependent on the same food source

Based on the information provided in this map, which statement is accurate?

1) The world’s largest icecap is located in northern Europe.

2) Most mountainous climates are located on the eastern borders of the continents.

3) The largest desert area stretches from western Africa through much of southwestern Asia.

4) South America is connected to Antarctica by a narrow land bridge.

1) 2) 3) 4)

Rivers Are Barriers to Interdependence Economic Issues Influence National Goals Geography Affect Human Behavior Governments Control the Actions of Citizens

1) 2) 3) 4)

Causes for Military Conflict in History Unsuccessful Military Expeditions in History The Role of Geography in Military History Technological Advances in Military History

 Oceans are an important source of food in Japan  Terrace farming is used in many parts of China  Irrigation systems are widely used in India Which conclusion can best be drawn from these statements?

1) Many civilizations use irrigation to improve crop production 2) PEOPLE ADAPT TO MEET THE CHALLENGES OF THEIR GEOGRAPHY 3) Fish provide adequate protein for the Japanese 4) Most nations are dependent on the same food source

Based on the information provided in this map, which statement is accurate?

1) The world’s largest icecap is located in northern Europe.

2) Most mountainous climates are located on the eastern borders of the continents.

3) THE LARGEST DESERT AREA STRETCHES FROM WESTERN AFRICA THROUGH MUCH OF SOUTHWESTERN ASIA. 4) South America is connected to Antarctica by a narrow land bridge.

1) 2) 3) 4)

Rivers Are Barriers to Interdependence Economic Issues Influence National Goals GEOGRAPHY AFFECTS HUMAN BEHAVIOR Governments Control the Actions of Citizens

1) 2) 3) 4)

Causes for Military Conflict in History Unsuccessful Military Expeditions in History THE ROLE OF GEOGRAPHY IN MILITARY HISTORY Technological Advances in Military History

 Height above sea level  Distance from the equator  Amount of rainfall  Average daily temperature Which aspect of geography is most influenced by these factors?

1) Natural boundaries 2) Climate 3) Topography 4) Mineral resources

Which conclusion about the geography of these continents is best supported by this passage?

1) Europe and Africa have the same climate 2) Europe and Africa have many deep major ports 3) Waterways are a geographic blessing in both Europe and Africa 4) River systems have helped development in Europe and hindered it in Africa

CROSSROADS & BARRIERS Why is Southeast Asia considered a crossroads?

1) Large deposits of oil are available 2) A number of trade routes intersect 3) A single culture is dominant 4) Rivers serve as highways One similarity between the Nile River valley and savanna lands in Africa is that they both 1) Served as major barriers to the movement of people and goods 2) Provided necessary resources for settlement 3) Are located on the western side of the continent 4) Had little effect on the lives of the people who lived in these regions.  Separated the culture of Europe and Asia  Hindered, but did not prevent, invaders from entering India  Terraced to increase food production in South America Which geographic feature is being described in these statements?

1) River valleys 2) Steppes 3) Mountains 4) Tundra Early exploration of Africa by Europeans was hindered by 1) Lack of natural resources in Africa 2) Alliances between African kingdoms 3) Isolationist policies of European monarchs 4) Many different physical features of Africa

 Height above sea level  Distance from the equator  Amount of rainfall  Average daily temperature Which aspect of geography is most influenced by these factors?

1) Natural boundaries 2) CLIMATE 3) Topography 4) Mineral resources

Which conclusion about the geography of these continents is best supported by this passage?

1) Europe and Africa have the same climate 2) Europe and Africa have many deep major ports 3) Waterways are a geographic blessing in both Europe and Africa 4) RIVER SYSTEMS HAVE HELPED DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPE AND HINDERED IT IN AFRICA \

CROSSROADS & BARRIERS Why is Southeast Asia considered a crossroads?

1) Large deposits of oil are available 2) A NUMBER OF TRADE ROUTES INTERSECT 3) A single culture is dominant 4) Rivers serve as highways One similarity between the Nile River valley and savanna lands in Africa is that they both 1) Served as major barriers to the movement of people and goods 2) PROVIDED NECESSARY RESOURCES FOR SETTLEMENT 3) Are located on the western side of the continent 4) Had little effect on the lives of the people who lived in these regions  Separated the culture of Europe and Asia  Hindered, but did not prevent, invaders from entering India  Terraced to increase food production in South America Which geographic feature is being described in these statements?

1) River valleys 2) Steppes 3) MOUNTAINS 4) Tundra Early exploration of Africa by Europeans was hindered by 1) Lack of natural resources in Africa 2) Alliances between African kingdoms 3) Isolationist policies of European monarchs 4) MANY DIFFERENT PHYSICAL FEATURES OF AFRICA

In what way did rivers of Russia influence its history?

1) They provided a network for trade between the Byzantine Empire and Russia 2) They allowed Japan to defeat Russia in the Russo-Japanese War 3) They were used by Napoleon to invade Russia 4) They gave the Mongols a route to conquer Russia

Which generalization is best supported by the information on this map?

1) No trade occurred between East Africa and the Persian Gulf region 2) The monsoon winds influenced trade between East Africa and India 3) Trading states developed primarily in the interior of East Africa 4) Trade encouraged the spread of Islam from East Africa to Arabia Control of the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits was a strategic objective in both World War I and World War II because these straits 1) Link Africa to Europe 2) Allow waterway passage into Germany 3) Separate Italy from the Balkan peninsula 4) Provide access from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea Which geographic feature served as a barrier that protected ancient China and was used as an invasion route by the Aryans into ancient India?

1) Deserts 2) Rivers 3) Mountains 4) Plateaus Which major geographic feature has hindered cultural diffusion between India and China?

1) Himalaya Mountains 2) Deccan Plateau 3) Gobi Desert 4) Great Rift Valley

In what way did rivers of Russia influence its history?

1) THEY PROVIDED A NETWORK FOR TRADE BETWEEN THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND RUSSIA 2) They allowed Japan to defeat Russia in the Russo-Japanese War 3) They were used by Napoleon to invade Russia 4) They gave the Mongols a route to conquer Russia

Which generalization is best supported by the information on this map?

1) No trade occurred between East Africa and the Persian Gulf region 2) THE MONSOON WINDS INFLUENCED TRADE BETWEEN EAST AFRICA AND INDIA 3) Trading states developed primarily in the interior of East Africa 4) Trade encouraged the spread of Islam from East Africa to Arabia Control of the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits was a strategic objective in both World War I and World War II because these straits 1) Link Africa to Europe 2) Allow waterway passage into Germany 3) Separate Italy from the Balkan peninsula 4) PROVIDE ACCESS FROM THE BLACK SEA TO THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA Which geographic feature served as a barrier that protected ancient China and was used as an invasion route by the Aryans into ancient India?

1) Deserts 2) Rivers 3) MOUNTAINS 4) Plateaus Which major geographic feature has hindered cultural diffusion between India and China?

1) HIMALAYA MOUNTAINS 2) Deccan Plateau 3) Gobi Desert 4) Great Rift Valley