Latin Roots #2

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Descubre tus Raíces Latinas

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Brasil

BRASIL

Cristo Redentor, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Un país en movimiento El territorio brasilero consta de 8.5 millones de kms. Cuadrados, ocupando casi la mitad del área de Latinoamérica. El país posee 20% de la biodiversidad en el mundo, como la riqueza natural de la foresta amazónica.

Su organización política compone 3 ramas de poderes: ejecutivo, legislativo y judicial, con el principio de autonomía federal (Distrito Federal), con un total de 26 estados y 5.563 pueblos y ciudades. Está entre los cinco países mas poblados del mundo, con aprox. 50 millones de familias o 180 millones de habitantes (censo de 2004) con el 81% de la población en zonas urbanas.

Economía diversa Brasil pertenece a varios grupos económicos, entre ellos el Mercosur y G22. SU desarrollo científico y tecnológico como su sector industrial, es atractivo para la inversión extranjera. Las exportaciones brasileñas crecen, creando una nueva generación de productos, que incluyen café, automóviles, germen de soya, hierro, jugos de naranja, cobre, etanol, textiles, zapatillas deportivas, carne y equipos eléctricos. El mayor boom en inversiones fue el 2007 donde en un plan de 4 años se invirtieron 300 billones de dólares para modernizar las redes de mercado, plantas eléctricas y puertos comerciales.

Descubrimiento de Brasil Cinco siglos atrás, en marzo de 1500, una expedición compuesta por 13 barcos zarparon de Lisboa, Portugal. La armada de Pedro Alvarez Cabral se dirigía a las Indias del Oeste, pero anclaron en Brasil. Siguieron a esta expedición, otros viajes portugueses, cuya intención fue, esparcir las enseñanzas cristianas a través de los misioneros franciscanos. En 1532, el rey de Portugal creó las «capitanías» en el territorio, implementando exitosamente la anexión de algunas islas del Atlántico (Madeira, Cabo Verde, São Tomé y las Islas Azores).

Su lucha por la democracia.

Después de algunos periodos presidenciales «de facto», Fernando Collor de Mello fue el primer presidente elegido por voto popular tras un régimen militar. Collor fue posesionado en marzo de 1990. En Sept. de 1922, el Congreso Nacional votó por la destitución de Collor después de una secuencia de escándalos descubiertos por los medios. El vicepresidente Itamar Franco asumió la presidencia. En elecciones efectuadas el 3 de octubre de 1994, Fernando Henrique Cardoso gana las elecciones, siendo reelecto en 1998. El actual presidente de Brasil es Ignacio Lula da Silva, elegido en 2002 y siendo reelegido en 2006.

Cultura e influencias étnicas El carnaval brasilero en Rio de Janeiro, es considerado uno de los mas grandes shows en toda la tierra. Los lugares de mas brillo de fiestas de carnaval se dan en Salvador, Recife y Olinda. La variedad de elementos en la sociedad crean complejidades étnicas. Convergen influencias de Europa, Africa, tradiciones y culturas indígenas. Mayormente influenciados por la cultura portuguesa y su legado colonial, no obstante, colonias italianas, alemanas y otras corrientes europeas migratorias, vinieron en gran número y se asentaron en el sur y sudeste brasileros.

Brasil

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A country in motion The land area of Brazil extends over 8.5 million square kilometers, occupying just under half (47%) of the area of Latin America. The country possesses 20% of all the world’s biodiversity; an example of this natural wealth is the Amazon Rainforest, with 3.6 million square kilometers. The political and administrative organization comprises three main Branches of Power: the Judiciary, the Executive and the Legislative, and the principle of autonomy among the Union, the Federal District, 26 states and 5,563 towns and cities. Ranking fifth among the world’s most populated countries, the population of Brazil amounts to 50 million families or approximately 180 million inhabitants (2004), the majority - 81% in urban areas.

Diversified Economy Brazil integrates various economic groups, such as Mercosur and G-22. The country’s scientific and technological development, together with a dynamic and diversified industrial sector, is attractive to foreign enterprise. Brazilian exports are booming, creating a new generation of products. Major export products include, coffee, automobiles, soybean, iron, orange juice, steel, ethanol, textiles, footwear, corned beef and electrical equipment. The biggest investment boom in history was in 2007, when Brazil launched a four-year plan to spend $300 billion to modernize its road network, power plants and ports.

Discovery of Brazil Five centuries ago, in March 1500, an expedition composed of thirteen ships sailed from Lisbon, Portugal’s capital city. Pedro Álvares Cabral’s armada was headed for the West Indies, but landed in Brazil. The expedition was following up on other Portuguese voyages, whose intention was, also, to spread the teachings of Christian religion through Franciscan missionaries.

In 1532, the king of Portugal announces the population of Brazil by creating hereditary territories, called «captaincies». This system had already been successfully implemented in the Portuguese Island possessions in the Atlantic (Madeira, Cape Verde, São Tomé and the Azores).

Living in Democracy After some many presidential periods «de facto», Fernando Collor de Mello was the first president truly elected by popular vote after the military regime. Collor took office in March 1990. In September 1992, the National Congress voted for Collor’s impeachment after a sequence of scandals were uncovered by the media. The vicepresident, Itamar Franco, assumed the presidency. In the elections held on 3 October 1994, Fernando Henrique Cardoso ran for president and won, being reelected in 1998. Brazil’s current president is Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, elected in 2002 and reelected in 2006.

Culture and ethnic influences Brazilian Carnival parade in Rio de Janeiro, considered one of the greatest shows on Earth. Carnival is celebrated throughout Brazil, with distinct regional characteristics, but the most spectacular celebrations outside Rio de Janeiro take place in Salvador, Recife, and Olinda, although the nature of the events varies. A wide variety of elements create a society with considerable ethnic complexity.

Brazilian culture has historically been influenced by European,

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Aliança Brasileira nos Estados Unidos Missão A Aliança Brasileira nos Estados Unidos, (ABE) é uma organização comunitária sem fins lucrativos e não partidária, cuja filosofia humanitária é contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos brasileiros que residem em Hartford e nos Estados Unidos.

Fundada em 2003, resultado do mestrado em organização de comunidades de Abigail Amorim, a missão da ABE é estabelecer um trabalho em equipe com órgãos comunitários, grupos religiosos, serviços de advocacia e educacionais visando melhorar as condições de vida da população brasileira nos Estados Unidos e conseqüentemente no exterior.

Metas Através da organização da comunidade promover o desenvolvimento de liderança, surgimento de novos líderes que ajudarão a minimizar as diferenças culturais e sociais e fazer a comunidade mais unida. ·Fornecer desenvolvimento de liderança e treinamento para promover relacionamentos inter-pessoais e oportunidades de trabalho. Através de parcerias com instituições educacionais locais encaminhar estudantes para programas tal como inglês, programas técnicos, para que eles possam achar melhores trabalhos, procurar ensino superior, e se tornarem auto-suficiente. ·Oferecer encaminhamentos nas áreas de educação, saúde, auxílio desemprego, treinamento profissional, habitação, violência doméstica, questões relacionadas ao idoso, à imigração, etc. ·Lutar pelo reconhecimento, orgulho e respeito do número cada vez maior de brasileiros que vivem em Hartford e nos Estados Unidos, sendo assim ajudar a conservar seus costumes, cultura, tradições e etinicidade. ·Proporcionar à comunidade um local onde os brasileiros se sintam protegidos e apoiados. ·Construir alianças e parcerias com outras organizações comunitárias e lutar contra as discriminações no campo de trabalho. ·Recrutar voluntários e auxiliá-los no processo de liderança para que eles venham a se tornar os futuros líderes da comunidade. ·Oferecer oportunidades de estágios a estudantes universitários nas áreas de serviços humanos, serviço social, organização de comunidades, planejamento de leis, etc. ·Apresentar palestras educacionais para ajudar a comunidade a ser tornar bem sucedida, conseguir melhores trabalhos,obter ensino superior e se tornar auto-suficientes. ·Oferecer a comunidade Brasileira boletins informativos sobre assuntos nas áreas de saúde geral, saúde ocupacional, psicologia, meio ambiente, imigração, com também o desenvolvimento e progresso da ABE. ·Organizar um congresso internacional com profissionais e líderes comunitários para expor idéias, projetos e possíveis soluções para ajudar a comunidade imigrante Brasileira. ·Promover desenvolvimento de lideranças através do estímulo, incentivo e apoio de idéias e projetos de outras entidades que melhorarão a vida social, financeira e cultural da comunidade.

Nosso calendário de eventos/projetos anuais...check page http://www.aliancabrasileira.org/pt/noticias/ultimas-noticias/58-2009-calendar-of-events 1- ABE Capoeira- after school program - Todas as sexta-feiras no Parkville Community School para as idades de 6a 13 anos 2-Saturdays - Portuguese as a second language (PSL) classes start at 10AM Volunteer Instructor Miriam Skiot Todos os Sábado, às 10 da manhã - Aulas de Português 3-Educarte program educativo para ciranças, aulas de português, e atividades infantis durante eventos comemorativos e culturais 4-parceria como TrinfoCafé -Trinity College - aulas de computador 5-parceria com o CHS’s community health center. clinica dentária 6- parceria com o hospital de hartford - mamografias grátis 7-group de apoio às mulheres 8- assuntos imigratórios - VEJA PROJETO RECIPROCIDADE LANÇADO EM 5 DE MARÇO http://www.aliancabrasileira.org/pt/links/14-medias http://www.comunidadenews.com/imigracao/projeto-de-organizacao-deconnecticut-tem-brasileira-deportada-como-simbolo-4834 9- Celebração da Independência do Brasil com hasteamento da bandeira do brasil no palácio da Governo de CT deguindo de uma partida amistosa de futebol entre times locais do Brasil e Portugal.

Abigail Amorim, M.S.W Presidente

Aliança Brasileira -The Brazilian Alliance 2074 Park Street - 2nd floor Hartford, CT - 06106 Phone/Fax: 860-236-0788

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Brasil

Salvador, Bahia

Plantaciones de Caña de Azucar, donde se origina la Caipirinha.

Night View of Brasilia .

Música y Ritmos Estilos musicales como la samba, bossa nova, forró, frevo, pagode y muchos otros derivados mas. La Samba es un género musical derivado de fuentes africanas y europeas, este estilo es de reconocimiento mundial asociado por supuesto, con el Carnaval.

Deportes El fútbol es el deporte mas popular. La Selección Nacional Brasilera es considerada la quinta de acuerdo a la FIFA. Son los Penta Campeones, ganando la Copa Mundial en in 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994 and 2002. Tienen también atractivo el Basketball, volleyball, carreras de autos y las artes marciales, en las que se ha desarrollado la Capoeira, Vale Todo, y el Jiu Jitsu Brasilero. Automovilistas brasileros han ganado la Copa de Formula 1 ocho veces con figuras como Emerson Fittipaldi, Nelson Piqueet y Ayrton Senna.

Turismo Brasilia está en el Distrito Federal, el Corazon de Brasil. Construida en el siglo XX, es considerada por Unesco, como Patrimonio Histórico y Cultural de la Humanidad.

Rio de Janeiro Catalogada como la ciudad maravillosa, es de una belleza majestuosa.

Tiene una bahía espléndida y playas famosas.

Cataratas del Iguazu Localizadas en la frontera entre Brasil y Argentina, es uno de los lugares de mas belleza y afluencia turística de todo el mundo.

Salvador da Bahia Salvador de Bahia es la ciudad mas Antigua y culturalmente importante.

Fundada en 1549, es el lugar mas africanizado del país. Su capital es Bahia, encantadora ciudad de atractivo turístico enorme.

San Pablo San Pablo es la ciudad mas grande de Sudamérica, de crecimiento industrial y cultural, que engendra a clases sociales exquisitas e intelectuales. Los turistas pueden disfrutar de vida nocturna y atractivos turísticos como el Edifício Copan, el Teatro Barroco Municipal y el Museo de Arte de San Pablo.

Gastronomía Varía de acuerdo a las regiones. El plato típico es la feijoada. Arroz y frijoles son muy populares, considerados alimentos esenciales de mesa.

Platos populares como el churrasco, que es carne asada a la parrilla es totalmente conocido en Rio Grande del Sur. Los «salgadinhos» son pequeños aperitivos de mesa, el Pan de Queso, las deliciosas «coxinhas» que son pequeñas croquetas de pollo, forman parte de la dieta alimenticia de los brasileros. Postres como los Brigadeiros, Beijinhos (trufas de coco), Cajuzinho (trufas de maní), y por supuesto la famosa bebida Caipirinha hecha de cachaca, azúcar y limón, considerada la bebida nacional.

El Sabor del Perú

860 Main St. East Hartford, CT 06108 Telf:(860) 282-7378 www.piolynjrrestaurant.com

Brasil

African, and Indigenous cultures and traditions. Its major early influence derived from Portuguese culture, because of strong colonial ties with the Portuguese empire. Other aspects of Brazilian culture are contributions of Italian, German and other European immigrants; came in large numbers and their influences are felt closer to the South and Southeast of Brazil.

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Soccer Glories: Past & Present

Music and Rhythm Brazil’s cultural tradition extends to its music styles which include samba, bossa nova, forró, frevo, pagode and many others. Samba is a Brazilian musical genre derived from African and European roots. It is worldwide recognized as a symbol of Brazil and Carnival.

Pelé

Sports Soccer is the most popular sport in Brazil. The Brazilian national soccer team is currently ranked fifth in the world according to the FIFA World Rankings. They have been victorious in the World Cup tournament a record five times, in 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994 and 2002. Basketball, volleyball, auto racing, and martial arts also attract large audiences. In martial arts, Brazilians have developed Capoeira, Vale tudo, and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. In auto racing, Brazilian drivers have won the Formula 1 world championship eight times with persons like Emerson Fittipaldi, Nelson Piqueet and Ayrton Senna.

Tourism Brasilia is located in the Federal District, in the central area of Brazil – the true heart of the country -, in the State of Goiás.

Brazilian capital is the only city in the world built in the 20th century to be considered, since 1987, a

Historical and Cultural Heritage of Humanity by Unesco.

Rio de Janeiro, adorned with the title, cidade maravilhosa, which means a marvellous city, Rio de Janeiro is a city with majestic beauty. It is one of the most densely populated places on earth. The city has built up areas snuggled up between a splendid bay and immaculate world famous beaches on one side and on the other side, an swiftly risen mountain range, roofed by a lavish tropical forest.

Iguazu Waterfalls Located in the borders between Brazil and Argentina, this is one of the Brazilian places most beautiful and visited by tourist in all over the World.

Salvador da Bahia Salvador da Bahia is was Brazil’s most ancient and important city. It was founded in the year 1549. The state of Bahia, which is often used

for abbreviation to Salvador, is Brazil’s most Africanized state. As the capital of Bahia, Salvador is a charming city and one of Brazil’s cultural and tourism attractions.

São Paulo São Paulo is South America’s largest city and an intimidating place. Sáo Paulo’s industrial growth and cultural variety has given birth to Brazil’s chief, well-cultured and educated people. The people of São Paulo are famous for their liveliness and well-informed personalities. The tourist attractions here include Niemeyer’s Edifício Copan, the baroque Teatro Municipal, the Patío do Colégio dating 16th-century and the Museu de Arte de Sáo Paulo (MASP).

Gastronomy The cuisine of Brazil, like Brazil itself, varies greatly by region. The national dish of Brazil is whole feijoada. Rice and beans is an extremely popular dish, considered

Ronaldinho

basic at table. Other popular plates are: The Churrasco, term referring to beef or grilled meat very popular in Rio Grande Do Sul, Salgadinhos are small savory snacks (literally salty snacks), Pão de Queijo (literally cheese bread), Coxinha is a chicken croquette shaped like a chicken thigh. Desserts like Brigadeiro, Beijinho (coconut «truffles»), Cajuzinho (peanut and cashew «truffles») , and, of course, drinks like the world famous Caipirinha, made with cachaca, sugar and lime, considered as a national drink.

Brazil Embassy in Washington, DC 3006 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20008 Phone: (202) 238-2805 Fax: (202) 238-2827 Brazil Consulate in New York 1185 Avenue of the Americas 21st Floor, New York, NY 10036 Phone: (917) 777-7777

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Guatemala

Guatemala

Guatemala Es un país en América Central limitando al norte y oeste con México, al sudeste con el Océano Pacifico, al noreste con Belize e islas del Caribe, y con Honduras y el Salvador al sudeste.

Con una democracia representativa, su capital es la ciudad de Guatemala.

Su ecosistema es único, biológicamente significativo y abundante ya que contribuye a conceptuar el área de Mesoamérica como un punto álgido en biodiversidad.

Geografía De superficie montañosa, excepto por la costa sur y las llanuras del departamento de Petén. Dos cadenas de montañas ingresan de oeste a este, dividiendo el país en tres grandes regiones: las alturas, donde están las montañas, la costa del Pacífico, y la región Petén, al norte. Las ciudades más grandes están en las alturas y la zona de la costa Pacífico, en comparación con Petén, que tiene una población dispersa. Estas tres regiones varían en clima, paisaje, altura, brindando un contraste dramático entre lo cálido y húmedo de las llanuras tropicales con las fríos y secos picos montañosos. El volcán Tajumulco, a 4.220 metros, es el punto más alto de superficie en los países de Centroamérica.

Los ríos son cortos y poco profundos desembocando en el mar Caribe y el Golfo de México, incluyendo al río Polochic y Río Dulce quienes desembocan en Lago Izabal, el Río Motagua y el Río Sarstun que bordea Belize y el Río Usumacinta que emerge entre Petén y Chiapas, México.

Cultura La ciudad de Guatemala es cuna de muchas bibliotecas y museos, incluyendo el de Archivos Nacionales, la Biblioteca Nacional y el Museo de Arqueología y Etnología, que posee una colección vasta de artefactos mayas. Ambos museos residen dentro del campus de la Universidad Francisco Marroquín. Existen 329 municipalidades quienes en su mayoría, cuentan con un pequeño museo.

Literatura Movimiento literario fuerte en el país, El Premio Nacional de Literatura es un galardón anual al reconocimiento de trabajos individuales de escritores nacionales, premio otorgado por el Ministro de Cultura y Deportes desde el 1988.

Miguel Ángel Asturias ganó el Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1967, con su famosa obra «El Señor Presidente», una novela basada en el gobierno de Manuel Estrada Cabrera.

Guatemala

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Antiguo Arco, Guatemala.

Guatemala Is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize and the Caribbean to the northeast, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast.

A representative democracy, its capital is Guatemala City.

Guatemala’s abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems contribute to Mesoamerica’s designation as a biodiversity hotspot.

Geography Guatemala is mountainous, except for the south coastal area and the vast northern lowlands of Petén department. Two mountain chains enter Guatemala from west to east, dividing the country into three major regions: the highlands, where the mountains are located; the Pacific coast, south of the mountains; and the Petén region, north of the mountains. All major cities are located in the highlands and Pacific coast regions; by comparison, Petén is sparsely populated. These three regions vary in climate, elevation, and landscape, providing dramatic contrasts between hot and humid tropical lowlands and colder and drier highland peaks. Volcán Tajumulco, at 4,220 meters, is the highest point in the Central American states.

The rivers are short and shallow in the Pacific drainage basin, larger and deeper in the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico drainage basins, which include the Polochic and Dulce Rivers, which drain into Lake Izabal, the Motagua River, the Sarstún that forms the boundary with Belize, and the Usumacinta River, which forms the boundary between Petén and Chiapas, Mexico.

Culture Guatemala City is home to many of the nation’s libraries and museums, including the National Archives, the National Library, and the Museum of Archeology and Ethnology, which has an extensive collection of Maya artifacts. There are private museums, such as the Ixchel, which focuses on textiles, and the Popol Vuh, which focuses on Maya archaeology. Both museums are housed inside the Universidad Francisco Marroquín campus. Almost each of the 329 municipalities in the country has a small museum.

Rigoberta Menchú, líder social indígena ganadora del Premio Nobel de la Paz en 1992.

Turismo y Diversidad El país tiene 5 diferentes ecosistemas, desde los parques forestales de Mangrove a ambos océanos. Guatemala tiene 252 superficies hidrográficas, incluidas 5 lagos, 61 lagunas, 100 ríos y 3 pantanos. El Parque Nacional Tikal es Patrimonio de la Humanidad por Unesco.

Guatemala tiene diversa fauna, tiene alrededor de 1246 especies conocidas. En botánica, aproximadamente 8681 especies en flora.

Comida Guatemala no tiene un plato típico nacional, pero hay alimentos que son parte de la dieta diaria. Así como en el tiempo de los mayas, el maíz es un alimento base, servido como tortilla, junto con los frijoles. Huevo, arroz y queso son también de alto consumo. Pollo, pavo y carnes (fritas, a la parrilla o rostizadas) son platos populares, servidos con caldos cocinados en salsas picantes. El pepián, carne gruesa con un cocido de vegetales, es un plato común en Antigua (ciudad en las afueras de la ciudad de Guatemala). Comida de mar con varias especies es común a lo largo de las costas.

El café de Guatemala, de exportación, es considerado uno de los mejores del mundo, altamente apreciado por los turistas.

Consulado General de Guatemala en Nueva York 57 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 Telf.: (212) 686-3837 / (212) 686-8513 Fax: (212) 447-6947 Consulado General de Guatemala en Rhode Island 754 Branch Ave. Suite 201, Providence RI 02904 Telf.:(401) 270-6345 / (401) 270-6364 Fax(401) 270-7039

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Flora y fauna de Guatemala.

Literature The Guatemala National Prize in Literature is a one-time only award that recognizes an individual writer’s body of work.

It has been given annually since 1988 by the Ministry of Culture and Sports.

Miguel Ángel Asturias, won the literature Nobel Prize in 1967.

Among his famous books is «El Señor Presidente», a novel based on the government of Manuel Estrada Cabrera.

Tourism and Dioversity The country has 14 ecoregions ranging from Mangrove forests, to both ocean littorals with 5 different ecosystems. Guatemala has 252 listed wetlands, including 5 lakes, 61 lagoons, 100 rivers, and 3

swamps. Tikal National Park, was the first mixed UNESCO World Heritage Site. Guatemala is a country of distinct fauna. It has some 1246 known species. Of these, 6.7% are endemic and 8.1% are threatened. Guatemala is home to at least 8681 species of vascular plants, of which 13.5% are endemic.

5.4% of Guatemala is protected under IUCN categories I-V. Gastronomy Guatemala does not have a national dish, but there are many foods that have become a part of the everyday diet. Just as during the time of the Mayans, corn continues to be a staple food. It is most ofte n eaten in the form of a tortilla (a thin corn pancake). Black beans (frijoles), another Mayan staple, are eaten at

almost every meal. They are usually refried (volteados), mashed, or simply eaten whole (parados). Rice, eggs, and cheese are also widely consumed.

Chicken, turkey, and beef (roasted, grilled, or fried) are the country’s most popular meats, often served in stews (caldos) or cooked in a spicy chili sauce, Pepián, a thick meat and vegetable stew, is a common dish in the area of Antigua (a town just outside of Guatemala City, the country’s capital). Seafood is most common along the coasts, and is usually prepared with various spices.

Guatemalan coffee, which is most often exported, is considered some of the best in the world. Most

Guatemala

Guatemalans, however, tend to drink weak coffee loaded with plenty of sugar. Rich, savory coffee is more commonly found in tourist areas.

Consulado General de Guatemala en Nueva York 57 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 Telf.: (212) 686-3837 / (212) 6868513 Fax: (212) 447-6947 Consulado General de Guatemala en Rhode Island 754 Branch Ave. Suite 201, Providence RI 02904 Telf.:(401) 270-6345 / (401) 2706364 Fax(401) 270-7039

Comerciantes y pobladores de Chichicastenango en un típico día de Mercado. .