Canadian Immigrant - November 2024

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CONTENTS Volume 21 Issue 5, 2024

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FUSION PROFILE: Aman Chawla champions small cities for newcomers HUMOUR BY HEMETERIO NEWS: What to expect this winter, Canada ends automatic 10-year multiple-entry visas, Upcoming Canadian Immigrant web conferences

COVER STORY Comedian Alia Rasul’s jokes show that immigrants are more alike than different

12 FEATURE

Unlocking the potential of immigrant talent

16 CULTURE

Immigrants aren’t just embracing Canadian cuisine — they’re reinventing it.

24 LIVING

Toronto author’s book sheds light on the struggles of queer and trans refugees WELLNESS: Self-care during traumatic times CITIZENSHIP: Understanding Canada’s political system

28 MONEY AND BUSINESS

MANAGING YOUR FINANCES: Your year-end financial planning guide ENTREPRENEURSHIP: Plan, save, grow: year-end tips for entrepreneurs

19 CAREERS AND EDUCATION

CAREER COACH: The 4x4 formula to ramp up trust in the workplace

20 SETTLEMENT

IMMIGRATION LAW: Canada’s immigration reset PARENTING: The art of being a good neighbour

22 PROFILE

From cancer survivor to healthcare innovator: Maya Nathani’s incredible journey

 Explore career & job opportunities  Register for free workshops & networking events  Access support & resources for starting a business SKILLED IMMIGRANT INFOCENTRE Central Library, Level 4 350 West Georgia St. Vancouver, B.C. 604-331-3603  siic@vpl.ca  www.vpl.ca/siic @VPLsiic

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FUSION

People. News. Information.

AMAN CHAWLA

VOLUME 21, ISSUE 5

2024 Group Publisher Sanjay Agnihotri

Building connections

Editor Ramya Ramanathan rramanathan@metroland.com Co-editor Baisakhi Roy Editorial Design Safi Nomani Brand Manager Ricky Bajaj rbajaj@metroland.com Tel: 416 856 6304 Assistant Manager Laura Jackman ljackman@metroland.com General Inquiries: info@canadianimmigrant.ca Circulation/Distribution Inquiries: ljackman@metroland.com ISSN 1910-4146 Opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the publisher

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canadianimmigrant.ca HEAD OFFICE 211 Pritchard Road, Unit 4 Hamilton, Ontario L8J 0G5 Tel: 905 273 8111

By Baisakhi Roy

B

orn in Dehradun, India, Aman Chawla led an adventurous life as a member of the Indian Navy for over a decade. Seeking new challenges in the corporate sector, Aman, along with his family, decided to explore Canada as their next destination. Chawla now works with newcomers, helping them in their the job search process. The skills I developed, such as settlement journey in Fredericton, New Brunswick. adaptability, agility, and the ability to learn quickly, were highly valued by employers. I also leveraged my Tell us about your life before moving to previous experience in project management and human Canada. resources, which were transferable to the Canadian job I joined the Indian Navy through the short service market. I initially worked as a coordinator at Ignite, a commission, which means I served for an initial 10-year business-focused economic development corporation. tenure that could be extended up to 14 years. During Within a year, I was promoted to the role of workforce my time in the navy, I was posted on warships for the development specialist, where I was able to leverage first six years, travelled widely and even had the rare my own experiences to help other newcomers and opportunity to command an amphibious warship as a international students navigate the job market. young lieutenant.

Even while serving in the navy, I started preparing myself for the corporate world in India. I completed my post-graduation in human resources and obtained a project management certification. This helped me develop skills that were transferable to the civilian job market.

Tell us about your work at Ignite.

The Connector program at Ignite is part of a national program that aims to connect newcomers and international students with established professionals in their field of interest. As a workforce development specialist, my role is to match these individuals with “connectors” ­ — experienced professionals who can provide guidance, networking opportunities, and When the time came to leave the navy, my wife and insights into the local job market.

I decided to explore opportunities abroad, and Canada became our top choice. We initially considered Ireland The idea behind the program is to leverage the power and Australia, but ultimately chose Canada due to its of personal connections, as I’ve found that it’s often not immigration policies and lower cost of living, especially just what you know, but who you know, that can make a in smaller provinces like New Brunswick. significant difference in finding employment.

What were some of the initial challenges you faced?

How have you been able to leverage your own experiences as an immigrant to inform your The initial period was quite challenging, both work?

personally and professionally. Coming from Mumbai, the cold weather in New Brunswick was a significant adjustment. Finding a house and a job as a newcomer was also difficult. However, I was proactive in connecting with people on LinkedIn and scheduling in-person and virtual meetings with key stakeholders in the region, such as the CEO of the airport and the Chamber of Commerce. This networking helped me get referrals and learn about the local job market.

My personal experiences as an immigrant have been instrumental in shaping the approach I take at Ignite. Having gone through the challenges of finding employment, navigating the Canadian job market and adapting to a new cultural environment, I have a deep understanding of the pain points and barriers that newcomers often face.

This firsthand knowledge allows me to empathize with the individuals I work with and tailor my support How did you navigate the job search process accordingly. I know the importance of obtaining the in Canada? right certifications, the value of networking and the need My military background proved to be an asset during to be proactive in one’s job search. I also understand

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the emotional and psychological toll that comes with starting over in a new country, and I strive to provide a compassionate and encouraging environment for the newcomers I work with.

What are some of the key challenges you’ve observed in the immigrant community?

A key challenge is the lack of awareness or understanding of the Canadian job market and the specific certifications or qualifications that may be required. Many newcomers arrive with the assumption that their international credentials and experience will directly translate, only to face disappointment when they encounter barriers.

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What advice would you give to other immigrants, especially those considering moving to smaller provinces like New Brunswick?

One of the key pieces of advice I would give to immigrants is to consider smaller cities and provinces, rather than immediately gravitating towards the larger metropolitan areas. While the bigger cities like Toronto and Vancouver may seem more appealing, the cost of living can be significantly higher, and the job market can be more saturated. In smaller cities like Fredericton, the cost of living is lower, and there may be more opportunities for newcomers to find meaningful employment and establish themselves.

What is the most rewarding aspect of your work with immigrants?

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One of the most rewarding aspects is seeing the transformative impact the program can have on individuals’ lives. I’ve witnessed newcomers who were initially struggling to find their footing in Canada gain a renewed sense of confidence and direction after connecting with the right mentor.

It’s a testament to the power of human relationships and the importance of building a supportive network when navigating a new country and job market.

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CANADIANIMMIGRANT.CA |

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FUSION

NEWS

What to expect this winter For many newcomers, Canada’s winter can feel like an entirely new world. With colder temperatures, snowstorms and icy conditions, the season may bring both excitement and anxiety, especially if this is your first winter in Canada.

According to the 2024 edition of the Farmer's Almanac, the upcoming winter is expected to be colder than usual across much of Canada, with heavy snowfall particularly affecting regions like the Prairies, Ontario and the East Coast. While some areas will experience a white and wet winter, others, like parts of British Columbia, may see a milder season. The Old Farmer’s Almanac has been predicting the weather since 1792 and according to media reports, they have been accurate for about 80 per cent of the time.

For newcomers, this can mean a few things.

First, it’s important to be ready for snow.

While Toronto or Vancouver might be used to lighter snowfall, cities like Calgary, Edmonton and Winnipeg can expect significant snow accumulation. The Farmer’s Almanac suggests that mid-December will bring early snowfall, followed by periods of heavy snow in the weeks that follow. Be prepared to clear snow from your driveway or sidewalk, as this is a necessary part of daily life during a Canadian winter.

The Almanac predicts a colder-than-usual January, with temperatures dropping below -20°C in central and northern Canada. Southern Ontario, Quebec and parts of Atlantic Canada will experience cold temperatures, but with occasional mild spells.

in January and February. Also, ensure your vehicle is winter-ready, as driving conditions can be challenging in snow.

Winter may bring challenges, but it also offers beauty and fun. For newcomers, embracing winter activities like ice skating, Winter weather, especially during cold snaps, sledding and hockey is a great way to enjoy can disrupt daily activities, so it's important to the season in all its glory. Don’t let the cold be prepared. Dress in layers, with waterproof discourage you — embrace it and make the boots, a warm coat, gloves and a hat — especially most of winter!

Canada ends automatic 10-year multiple-entry visas Canada has recently canceled its automatic 10-year multiple-entry visa program, which allowed travellers from certain countries to visit Canada multiple times over a decade.

This change, announced by the Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) on Nov. 6, emphasizes that “multiple-entry visas issued to maximum validity are no longer considered to be the standard document.”

This shift is aimed at tightening Canada’s immigration rules, with a focus on improving national security and enhancing the scrutiny of individual applications.

within Canada for short stays without needing to reapply for each visit. This was especially popular for business travelers, families and immigrants visiting relatives. However, IRCC now requires that each visitor apply for a new visa based on the purpose of their travel and their eligibility.

The IRCC notes that this policy shift does not signal an overall reduction in travel to Canada, but instead focuses on preventing misuse of the previous system, such as overstaying visits or using the visa for unauthorized activities.

Although it might seem like a step backward for Under the old system, the 10-year multiple- travelers accustomed to the convenience of the entry visa allowed people to travel freely 10-year visa, the IRCC assures that those who

comply with immigration rules will still be able to visit Canada without issue.

Permanent residents and Canadian citizens are not impacted by these rules for re-entry, but visitors still requiring visas for travel will need to adjust to the new system. It's important to plan travel well in advance, as visa processing times could increase due to additional scrutiny.

The IRCC’s move to end the 10-year multiple-entry visa reflects broader trends of tightening immigration controls in Canada, partly in response to security concerns and more complex visitor profiles.

Mark your calendars: Upcoming virtual web conferences Canadian Immigrant magazine, dedicated to interview strategies. helping newcomers navigate their new lives in Canada, is hosting two free 90-minute virtual The second, Internationally Educated Human Resource Professionals, is specifically designed for web conferences.

HR professionals with international credentials, The first, Hiring Trends & Interview Prep, providing advice on certification, networking and on Dec. 4, 2024, will offer expert advice on career development in Canada’s HR sector. The the latest job market trends, resume tips and conference will be held on Dec. 19, 2024.

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CANADIAN IMMIGRANT Volume 21 Issue 5 | 2024

Don’t miss these great opportunities to hear from industry experts, learn about essential tools for career success and connect with other professionals.

For more details about the events, visit canadianimmigrant.ca/web-conference.

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COVER STORY

LAUGHING THROUGH LIFE Comedian Alia Rasul’s jokes reveal that immigrants are more alike than different

By Sabrina Almeida

C

omedy has helped Alia Ceniza Rasul find her voice and perspective in life. The writer, performer and comedian shares with Canadian Immigrant that seeing life and her Filipino heritage through a comedic lens is both a “unique” and “weird” thing about her. Nevertheless, she believes this offers a more joyful perspective and is grateful for how it turned out for her.

Rasul didn’t initially plan on becoming a comedian, following a path that was laid out for her. “I finished high school, then I went to university… and then a job.” Yet even after going through all the steps, she was uncertain about what to do with the rest of her life.

From coffee to comedy

While studying at McGill University, Rasul worked as a barista at Second Cup and loved it. “I took economics and psychology because I was always curious about people’s behaviour. I learned a lot about people during my six years at the coffee shop,” she says with a laugh.

After graduating, she landed a job at the Second Cup headquarters in Toronto with the opportunity to host workshops. “I was passionate about coffee but had a fear of public speaking,” she shares. “It was so bad that I wouldn’t speak up at meetings. It was something I needed to change to be able to do my job.”

On a friend’s advice, she signed up for improv comedy classes at the Bad Dog Theatre Company, which set her on a new career path. While she loved being in a room full of people who were trying to be funny, Rasul believes the “real lesson” from improv was about “embracing failure, picking yourself up and going again”.

Reflecting on her career, the comedian explains that initially her goal

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CANADIAN IMMIGRANT Volume 21 Issue 5 | 2024

was to carve out space for herself. “In 2014, there weren’t a lot of people of colour,” she explains. “So I really started to get into the work of inclusion, diversity and women in comedy.”

The next step was to think about what to say with her comedy knowing she wanted to “celebrate Filipino culture”. The award-winning Tita Collective (2018), which tells stories about the Philippine diaspora through various mediums, and her solo show Moro Girl (2022) both paid tribute to her heritage. So did Super Important Filipina Thoughts!, her collection of poems on identity, family and relationships, published in 2021.

Her latest work 15 Ways My Dad Almost Died also showcases Rasul's efforts to process her family’s intergenerational trauma while sharing her father’s experiences. The film made its world premiere at the 2024 Reel Asian Film Festival on Nov. 16 and will also be available to stream on CBC Gem and YouTube starting Dec. 10.

Embracing her identity with pride and purpose

Just two of her thirty-plus years were spent in the Philippines; the rest were in Dubai and Saudi Arabia until she came to Canada at age 18. Yet, Rasul is 'fiercely proud' of her heritage and attributes it to her upbringing.

“My parents are similar,” she explains. “I spent my childhood really falling in love with how my parents saw the country, and now, as an adult, I'm building a personal relationship.”

“Anytime I had an opportunity to talk about it, be it a class or personal project, it's pretty much always been about the Philippines or my family,” Rasul continues. “I've always had a strong relationship with my identity.”

However, representing one’s heritage “in a room or the world” comes with a sense of responsibility and purpose, according to Rasul. “That

EVERY SINGLE JOKE THAT I'VE EVER WRITTEN HAS BEEN MADE BETTER BECAUSE PEOPLE HAVE REFLECTED BACK THEIR OWN EXPERIENCES.”

CANADIANIMMIGRANT.CA |

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COVER STORY became a reason for being to me that I embraced,” she explains.

A superpower helps navigate tricky scenarios

Growing up with a Christian mum and Muslim dad created some tension as she equated choosing a religion with choosing one parent over the other. There were times when she wished life were simpler but now Rasul says she wouldn’t have it any other way.

“My everyday experience with my parents was a constant dialogue,” Rasul recalls. “It's made me someone who can navigate life knowing that there are many different truths. In today’s context, that’s become a bit of a superpower. It helps navigate some pretty tricky scenarios and was really good training for being in a room with people who believe different things.”

Her advice to others is to follow the golden rule, “do unto others…” and operate from a place of love, empathy and compassion.

“It's a big reason I do comedy,” she explains. “A joke works if there's someone to tell it to and receive it. So you must keep their perspective in mind. Life is better in a community, not a vacuum, and communities are bound by compassion.”

Resonating with a larger audience

Even people who are not Filipino relate to Rasul's jokes. “There’s always someone after the show who says, ‘You just reminded me of my auntie, and we're not Filipino’,” she recounts. “One of my favourite things about being a performer is doing this joke that I thought was just me and meeting people who are like, ‘That's me too.”

This led her to conclude that comedy about immigration reflects a

universal experience in Canada. “There is a universality to our experiences as immigrants. There are things all of us used, like biscuit tins to keep our sewing goods. So, we're all more the same than we are different, which is really beautiful.”

The comedian believes her work has benefited from this universality.

“Every single joke that I've ever written has been made better because people have reflected back their own experiences,” she adds.

Advice to immigrants

Rasul knows it is hard to build a life in a new country, recalling the frustration, loneliness and fear she experienced as a first-generation immigrant. “I immigrated here as a student, without my family. So, for a long time I felt alone and sometimes like I was free falling without safety,” she says.

She believes that not reaching out for help put a lot of pressure on her and advises newcomers to find “your people” (friends) because “everything is better in a community (support system)”.

The artist also recommends doing something creative to relax and reflect on what is important. “I was 27 when I started to pursue the arts,” Rasul says. “I was making pretty good money in the corporate world, but every day felt like detention.”

“Don’t let people undermine you,” continues Rasul. She was told that no one would watch an all-Filipina comedy show (Tita Collective). “If there’s something you want to do, just do it.”

“I'm happy with where I am today, and I know that I am here because of my achievements and failures,” the rising star concludes.

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FEATURE

UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF IMMIGRANT TALENT Mentorship, inclusion and valuing diverse perspectives are key to building a stronger, more innovative workforce

By Baisakhi Roy

I

mmigrant talent plays a crucial role in addressing Canada’s structural labour needs. As the workforce grows increasingly diverse, leveraging the skills of immigrants is not just good ethics but smart business.

However, attracting skilled immigrants is only part of the solution — companies must also create environments that allow immigrants to fully realize their potential and thrive.

The value of mentorship

When 34-year-old Pinar (name changed), an immigrant from Morocco, joined a top Toronto financial institution as a software engineer, her excitement was mixed with uncertainty.

From the fast-paced environment and banking jargon to English fluency concerns, Pinar felt overwhelmed. “I was sure I was going to fail,” she says.

However, when she reached out for guidance, her experience transformed.

Paired with a senior mentor, she rapidly advanced in her role, eventually becoming one of the most skilled engineers on her team. “In a few months

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CANADIAN IMMIGRANT Volume 21 Issue 5 | 2024

at the bank, I could take on larger tasks independently. I was consistently delivering work beyond their expectations and well ahead of deadlines.

This motivated me to work even harder," she says. Mentorship not only bolstered her performance but also helped her feel truly valued, signifying the benefits structured support brings to immigrant talent.

Yet, despite mentorship’s known value, many companies fail to invest in it, according to the recently released Talent to Win report. This report

by Deloitte Canada and the Institute for Canadian Citizenship, based on feedback from over 40 industry leaders, highlights a common issue: poor onboarding and mentoring prevent many immigrants from realizing their potential. As a senior corporate leader noted, “companies are just not willing to invest in this anymore,” underscoring a significant gap between hiring and retention practices.

Moatassem Moatez, CEO of MYCourier Inc., emphasizes that mentorship benefits both parties when there’s mutual willingness to succeed.

“Immigrants are often hard workers and willing to learn, providing valuable cultural insights that enrich the workplace,” he says. For instance, Moatez, an immigrant himself, mentored a senior immigrant employee who was hesitant about the logistics industry, guiding him through projects until he was independently leading a major initiative.

“Success depends on the commitment of both employer and employee,” Moatez adds, stressing that support like mentorship is critical for employee growth and company innovation.

The struggle for recognition and advancement

While Canada’s immigration policies bring in skilled immigrants, they don’t guarantee that this talent is utilized or retained. Economic immigration pathways are projected to comprise 61.7 per cent of total admissions by 2027, addressing labour shortages in sectors such as healthcare, technology and skilled trades. However, immigrants, particularly women and racialized groups, often face exclusion, pay disparities and limited career advancement opportunities, preventing them from reaching their full potential.

The Talent to Win report further explores barriers, revealing that newcomer ideas are often dismissed, with a pervasive “smug Canadian superiority complex” leading managers to overlook immigrants’ insights.

When suggestions for improvements come from employees from countries seen — often inaccurately — as less economically developed, managers may feel defensive. Such dismissiveness stifles potential contributions that could drive innovation and reinforce inclusion.

For Mexican-born Estrella (name changed), this smug attitude in the workplace was a key reason she left her role at a prominent Canadian university. As an experienced researcher, Estrella faced micromanagement and scrutiny over minor errors, which contrasted sharply with the lenient treatment of her Canadian-born colleagues. Her manager would

above Moatassem Moatez frequently interrupt her, demanding updates and imposing unrealistic deadlines. “I was nervous all the time and despite my skills and experience, I felt stupid,” she recalls. Although she was offered an extension at the end of her contract, she declined and instead accepted a new role where her manager’s open communication style made her feel valued.

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FEATURE immigrant colleagues and I just looked at each other, obviously feeling so out of place. We had to quickly brush up and we were slightly better prepared for the next time. It seems like an insignificant thing, but that unpleasantness sticks and these experiences speak volumes about company culture,” she says.

Kaveri says that employers should consider the cultural makeup of their teams and make an intentional effort to design inclusive activities that foster connections across cultural lines. “These small but important steps can help newcomers feel acknowledged, respected, and integral to the team,” she says.

Brazilian-born Verônica Heringer, a digital product leader in media, emphasizes that employers must focus on equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) efforts to retain talent. “A sense of belonging is very important if you're an immigrant, and if you can pass it on when you're in the leadership position, that can really make a difference,” she says. Heringer leads a multicultural team at a major national media outlet and is keenly aware of what it means to retain immigrant talent in the current economy. “I think that employers right now should not be pulling back from EDI efforts because we are in a recession. In fact, they need to lean into it, because they're going to lose really good people who don’t feel like they belong,” she says. above Verônica Heringer employees. Indian-born content specialist Kaveri (name changed) says that while she hasn’t faced overt discrimination at organisations she’s worked in, she’s felt excluded on more than one occasion.

“We used to have team building activities where we had these games about Canadian television shows that ran in the 80s and 90s. I mean, how would I know about these pop culture references?” says Kaveri. “My other

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CANADIAN IMMIGRANT Volume 21 Issue 5 | 2024

Heringer feels fortunate to witness firsthand how immigrant employees can drive innovation by bringing different frames of reference to the table.

“We have been developing a new platform at work and I had two designers, one from Korea and from Brazil come together to work on it and they both were able to draw on their experiences from their home countries which lent a fresh, authentic perspective that is reflected in the end product. This is the synergy that drives innovation which enriches not only the workplace but the work itself,” she says.

CULTURE

Redefining Canadian Cuisine Immigrants from around the world aren’t just embracing Canadian cuisine — they’re reinventing it

By Chitra K. Menon

T

ginger, grated apple and carrots — and then a dash of red wine, sugar, and soy sauce with allpurpose flour to thicken the sauce. The result?

A poutine with a velvety, East Asian–inspired sauce that keeps the fries crispy and cheese curds squeaky while adding a tangy, aromatic quality to the gravy. “My Canadian friends love it!” she says with a smile.

he first snowfall of the season blankets Canada in white. Winter has arrived, bringing with it the need for meals that soothe both body and soul. In kitchens across the country, pots simmer, ovens warm, and plates fill with some of Canada's most iconic comfort foods: the much-loved poutine — crispy fries smothered in savoury gravy and topped with fresh cheese curds — and butter tarts with their sweet, gooey filling.

Nakai is not alone. Newcomers imbue classic Canadian comfort foods with flavours, spices and techniques from their homelands, bringing with them their culinary traditions and unique cultural backgrounds. This blending of cuisines, rooted in tradition and creativity, tells the story of Canada itself — a multicultural nation where food is not just a source of sustenance, but a bridge between cultures.

A taste of tradition with a twist

When Namiki Nakai, a student at Tamwood International College, first arrived in Canada from Japan, poutine was a curiosity — an unfamiliar dish that seemed strange yet intriguing. Over time, she began experimenting with it in her kitchen.

“The gravy reminded me of the rich sauces we use in kare raisu — a Japanese Curry served with rice, back home,” she says. She added her favourite vegetables and spices — garam masala, garlic,

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CANADIAN IMMIGRANT Volume 21 Issue 5 | 2024

Blending cultures, one bite at a time above Namiki Nakai

For Ernest Odoh, an IT professional from

dessert at a holiday gathering — its flaky crust and rich sugary filling instantly captivated him.

It reminded him of puff-puff, a treat enjoyed during celebrations back home. Eager to infuse it with familiar flavors, he added yeast to the tart dough and mixed cinnamon and nutmeg into the filling. “It’s still a butter tart, but now it has the essence of home,” Odoh explains.

For Odoh, and many other newcomers, cooking Canadian food with a twist is about more than taste. “I didn’t grow up with this kind of dessert, but it’s heartening to see that wherever we go, we find similarities that connect us to home. Blending recipes connects me to both the culture I grew up with and the one I’m embracing,” he says, sharing a sentiment echoed by many immigrants who use food to find common ground in a new land.

Sizzling fusions, savoury collisions

Nakai and Odoh’s culinary transformations reflect a broader trend of immigrants not only adopting Canadian staples but enhancing them with unique traditions and flavors. “Food becomes a powerful medium for cultural expression, a way to share stories and traditions, even when you’re far from home,” says Mikhil Shaji, a celebrity chef and a corporate trainer at St. Louis Bar & Grill.

In his culinary classes, rotisserie chicken — an iconic Canadian staple — gets a soulful twist through the warm, vibrant spices of India.

Shaji reinvents this classic by slow cooking it with turmeric and chilli until it's tender and aromatic. He then wraps it in traditional Indian parotta or chapatti and layers it with garlic aioli, crisp vegetables, red onion and cucumber, creating a dish that honours both his roots and his adopted Canadian identity.

Nigeria, butter tarts became an unexpected link to his roots. He first tried the buttery, sweet

Shaji’s culinary creativity extends beyond chicken. He’s gained a devoted following on Instagram for his spin on meen pollichathu, a beloved fried fish curry from his hometown in Kerala, South India. For his Canadian adaptation, he marinates local fish fillets in turmeric, tomatoes, minced garlic, onions and ginger, with a splash of coconut milk for richness.

above Mikhil Shaji driven by the wave of immigration," says Boban Mathew, professor of culinary management at George Brown College.

Mathew has observed that the demand for new flavours and dishes in a multicultural setting drives the evolution of food. People are always eager to explore something different, and when they blend ingredients or techniques from different countries or even continents, a vibrant array of dishes emerges. Multicultural cuisine resonates with diverse communities and pays tribute to each culture it touches.

"Food is much like fashion — those experimenting with it are always searching for the next new thing. And when they reach the end of that creative road, they often circle back to traditional roots to reimagine and reinvent.

This is particularly true for the younger generation," Mathew adds.

“This fusion dish isn’t just food — It’s a symbol that Canadian culture is not static but constantly evolving, defined by those who come here and make it their own,” he says.

Redefining Canadian cuisine

In a country built on diversity, Canada’s food culture is also a celebration of its many stories.

For immigrants, reimagining Canadian comfort foods is a way of honouring both their heritage and their new home.

above Ernest Odoh

"Canadian cuisine has transformed significantly over the past 24 years, largely

above Boban Mathew CANADIANIMMIGRANT.CA |

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The 4x4 formula to ramp up trust

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Essential habits and traits to be successful in the workplace

very role in the workplace begins with and revolves around trust. If you want to be an effective team player and a leader, begin by building trust with the people that you lead and work with.

Start by understanding what resources your team needs, identify the areas for improvement, and clarify both immediate and long-term goals. Prioritize the interests of the team and the organization and look at things from their perspective. Remember, this relationship is primarily about your team, not you. Here is the 4x4 Formula to ramp up the trust factor in the workplace.

4 ESSENTIAL HABITS Be authentic

The hallmark of any trusting relationship is authenticity. This is especially crucial in workplace environments where people need to collaborate over long periods of time. When you acknowledge and validate the needs and emotions of others, it demonstrates that you care, which makes them more willing to trust you.

You’ll soon realize that authenticity is one of the quickest ways to establish trust in a professional setting.

Be teachable

As an effective team member, you are always ready to learn from everyone, and in every situation. This “eagerness” to grow makes it easier for others to trust you and share information freely. Stay open to learning, ask thoughtful questions and be respectful when receiving feedback.

you keep your promises and commitments, your authenticity in your interactions builds trust and strong relationships.

Gratitude

When you think about it, there is always something to be grateful for. At any time, you can choose to curse the darkness or light a candle.

Choose wisely. Some simple acts of gratitude, Be an active listener Wondering how you can be a competent such as sending a note to express thanks, offering Every time you have a conversation with leader in a changing workplace environment handwritten thank-you cards or maintaining co-workers or clients, prioritize listening over and bring value to every relationship? It all a gratitude journal, can help you experience speaking. Listening is one of the most powerful comes down to these character strengths, which positive emotions and open the doors to other ways to build trust in the workplace. You can position you for continuous growth in a rapidly opportunities. practise staying engaged in discussions, offering evolving world. thoughtful input and give your undivided Integrity attention. In every interaction, ensure that 4 CHARACTER TRAITS Integrity means being honest, ethical and you maintain eye contact, ask questions following defined moral principles. When and summarize the discussion to ensure Humility you keep your word, take your commitments understanding. Reflecting on what others Let your actions speak for themselves. Modest seriously, and are proactive and accountable have shared shows that you are attentive and people are often seen as more likable and less for your results, you display integrity. Beyond committed, making you someone others can threatening to others. When you put others following through on promises, integrity also rely on. before yourself and acknowledge that you are means that you treat everyone with respect and not special or more important, people will enjoy fairness.

Be transparent spending time with you. Humility is a key factor As Jack Welch, the renowned former Chairman in your ability to develop trusted relationships.

Several other character strengths can play and CEO of General Electric said, “Trust happens a role in shaping what we would consider an when leaders are transparent, candid and keep Honesty effective leader today. However, these four are their word. It’s that simple.”

Honesty is still the best policy and it often starts the predominant ones that will fuel your ability from the top and within. Leadership is all about to develop the trusted relationships and strong Setting clear expectations, keeping everyone being honest, genuine and sincere. When you are communication skills. Follow the 4x4 formula to in the loop, creating a space for feedback, being honest, you are seen by others as being “real.” If be successful, to inspire and to lead. honest about challenges, explaining the reasoning behind decisions and encouraging others to express themselves openly, go a long way in Murali Murthy is an acclaimed public speaker, life coach and best-selling author of The establishing transparency. When practised ACE Principle, The ACE Awakening, The ACE Abundance and You Are HIRED!. He is also consistently, transparency leads to enhanced chairperson of CAMP Networking Canada. Learn how he can help unlock your magic communication and collaboration. at unleashyourwow.com.

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SETTLEMENT PARENTING

Building community

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The art of being a good neighbour

e have neighbours wherever we live, but we do not always know them or have a good relationship with them. In a divisive and striferidden world, building and nurturing relationships with the people who live nearby can create a safer, more vibrant community for everyone, especially families with children. Strong neighbourly connections foster a sense of belonging, improve safety and build a supportive network for all.

Great neighbours are invaluable. They offer more than just companionship — they foster a sense of community that can transform an entire neighbourhood. When neighbours look out for one another, they help create an environment where everyone feels safe and supported. For families, having reliable neighbours can provide peace of mind, knowing there are trusted people nearby who can lend a hand in times of need.

Good neighbours also share resources, knowledge and responsibilities, saving time, money and even space. Over time, these interactions build a foundation of trust and mutual respect, making life easier for everyone. Here are some ways neighbours can support each other every day:

• Neighbours who look out for each other can help reduce crime rates and

increase the overall sense of security. Participating in a local neighbourhood watch program, for instance, enables residents to keep an eye out for suspicious activities and report them, creating a safer environment for everyone.

• Neighbours can offer practical help, like picking up mail, babysitting,

jump-starting a car or carpooling. These small gestures save time and provide peace of mind, especially in emergencies. Living near others means creating a built-in support network for unexpected events, like a house alarm going off, a pet getting loose, or a sighting of wildlife in the area.

Neighbours can quickly share information that keeps everyone safe.

• Long-time residents can be an invaluable resource for newcomers,

and parking to ensure you are being considerate of others.

• Check to see if your province offers local neighbourhood grants to help residents to meet and connect to build a sense of community.

• Model respectful behaviour for children by teaching them the importance of being considerate of neighbours’ needs, privacy, space and lifestyle, while also setting healthy boundaries.

• Ensure children and pets play only in designated safe areas and slow down when driving around neighbourhoods where pets and children are active.

• When meeting new neighbours, start with friendly gestures — host a party,

send a welcoming gift basket, or organize a playdate for the children. offering insights into the best local shops, restaurants, parks and schools.

This sharing of knowledge helps new residents settle in more quickly and Being a good neighbour is about creating positive, lasting connections with strengthens bonds within the community. those who share our community. By taking small steps to connect, help and support one other, we create neighbourhoods that are safer, friendlier and • Sometimes, borrowing is better than buying. Neighbours can share larger, more resilient. costly equipment like lawnmowers or snow blowers, saving both space and money. Additionally, when someone runs out of a household essential, a Cheryl Song, an immigrant from Malaysia, has more than nearby neighbour can often come to the rescue.

20 years’ experience of working in early learning and family programs. Contact her at cheryl@learnwithsong.com or visit her • Diverse neighbourhoods provide residents with the opportunity to share website at learnwithsong.com. skills and cultural knowledge. For instance, a newcomer might learn English from a local neighbour in exchange for teaching their native language or sharing a traditional recipe. Younger neighbours might help older residents with tasks like lawn mowing or snow shoveling, fostering intergenerational connections.

• Neighbours provide a built-in social network. Kids can make friends

to play and study with, while adults can organize book clubs, exercise groups or other social activities. These shared experiences can help build friendships and strengthen community bonds. Knowing the benefits of having great neighbours, it’s important to take proactive steps to cultivate these relationships.

Here are some practical ways to build positive connections with those around you:

• Find out and abide by strata and/or city bylaws related to animal care, noise 20

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SETTLEMENT I M M I G R AT I O N L AW

Canada’s immigration reset

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What it means for newcomers and non-permanent residents 285,750 work permits in 2025, any increase in claims could overwhelm resources and disrupt workforce balance.

n October 2024, the Canadian government introduced its 20252027 Immigration Levels Plan, marking a substantial shift in how the country manages migration.

The new framework reduces overall immigration targets and, for the first time, introduces caps on work and study permit holders. If fully implemented, these changes will make it more challenging for individuals to immigrate to Canada and for those already in the country on temporary status to remain.

Decreasing Canada’s population

Cuts to permanent residence targets

The plan sets progressively lower targets for permanent resident admissions over the three-year period. In 2025, Canada aims to admit between 367,000 and 404,000 permanent residents. This number will decline in 2026 to 352,000 to 406,000 admissions, followed by a further reduction in 2027 to between 339,000 and 401,000. This cautious approach reflects the government’s desire to balance population growth with its capacity for effective integration and settlement of newcomers, particularly where healthcare and housing are concerned.

An additional focus of the plan is on increasing the share of Frenchspeaking permanent residents outside Quebec, with a target rise from 8.5 per cent of admissions in 2025 to 10 per cent by 2027.

This emphasis on Francophone immigration will likely make it even more challenging for non-French speakers to immigrate.

The Provincial Nominee Program, previously forecasted to bring in 120,000 immigrants in 2025, is set to decrease to 55,000, signaling a notable shift in provincial immigration priorities. It is not yet clear how provinces will modify their programs in response to this drastic cut.

Conversely, the “Federal High Skilled” category will see a slight

increase, from 117,500 to 124,680 in 2025. Of this, 41,700 spots will be reserved for category-based draws focusing on areas such as health care, transportation, and Francophone applicants, while 82,980 will target those already in Canada, primarily via the Canadian Experience Class. Combined with plans to reduce temporary resident numbers, this may relieve some pressure on temporary workers facing high immigration points thresholds.

Other programs are not exempt from cuts. The Start-Up Visa Program and Self-Employed Class will in 2025 decrease from a previously planned 6,000 to 2,000 spots. Spousal sponsorships will drop from 84,000 to 70,000, parent sponsorships from 34,000 to 24,500, and Refugees and Protected Persons from 72,750 to 58,350. In contrast, the Humanitarian & Compassionate and Other Category, covering initiatives for Ukraine, Sudan, Hong Kong and Humanitarian & Compassionate applications, will increase slightly in 2025 from a previously planned 8,000 to 10,000.

These changes are expected to create new backlogs and increase existing ones. For example, hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians came to Canada under the Canada-Ukraine Emergency Travel Authorization.

That alone could cause backlogs exceeding ten-years.

Capping temporary residence

Perhaps the most striking element of the plan is its assumption that over one million temporary residents — foreign workers and international students — will leave Canada once their status ends.

Projections indicate a sharp increase in outflows in 2025, peaking at 1,262,801, and decreasing thereafter.

Temporary residence inflows will decrease significantly, adding pressure to population growth alongside reduced permanent resident targets. The plan relies heavily on the assumption that temporary residents will depart upon status expiry, raising concerns about potential increases in people without status or more asylum claims, and sparking questions about the role of enforcement and deportation measures.

In previous years, lower immigration levels allowed foreign workers to gain permanent status more easily, often staying in Canada on open work permits during the application process. However, with the introduction of Express Entry and an influx of temporary residents, achieving permanent status has become more difficult, leaving many The Liberal government’s recent foreign workers in limbo, and facing tough choices. Planned caps on shift away from its previous ambitious targets toward temporary residency are only going immigration substantial cuts raises questions to exacerbate this. about whether it can adhere to its For the first time, specific targets new plan in the face of emerging have been set for temporary challenges, or if it will revise them residents, aiming to admit 673,500 again. Rising domestic tuition fees temporary workers and students in driven by reduced international 2025, with a reduction to 543,600 student admissions and potential by 2027. While targets do not apply labour shortages due to decreased to visitors, permit extensions or temporary worker numbers may asylum claimants, asylum volumes prompt future policy adjustments. and permit applications will still As uncertainties persist, influence the goal of maintaining temporary residents at 5 per cent of individuals seeking to establish permanent residency are advised the population. to stay informed. Consulting an Asylum claimants, who receive authorized representative, or at least open work permits through the on one’s own thoroughly reviewing International Mobility Program, the IRCC website as well as various further complicate the picture. In provincial nominee websites, will be 2023, 137,947 asylum claims were necessary to understand evolving made in Canada, and with a target of policies and available pathways.

Steven Meurrens is an immigration lawyer with Larlee Rosenberg in Vancouver. Contact him at 604-681-9887, by email at steven.meurrens@larlee.com, or visit his blog at smeurrens.com.

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PROFILE

FROM CANCER SURVIVOR TO HEALTHCARE INNOVATOR A cancer diagnosis in 2020 became a pivotal turning point in Maya Nathani's life, leading her to complete her nursing degree and establish Universal Health Hub, a private healthcare organization dedicated to providing affordable geriatric care to seniors.

By Lisa Evans

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aya Nathani doesn’t recall ever wanting to do anything else than work in healthcare. Growing up, she admired her uncle who was a doctor. “When I was little, I used to pretend to be a doctor using the stethoscope, taking blood pressure. It always interested me,” she says. When she and her husband immigrated to Canada in 2012, she naturally gravitated towards jobs in healthcare. “I always focused on healthcare jobs, not other jobs like working in pizza delivery,” she says, describing it as her calling.

Although she held a Bachelor of Science in Homeopathy, Nathani initially struggled to find a foothold in her field, working various administrative roles within medical practices.

One morning at the peak of the pandemic in 2020, Nathani received a life-altering call from her family physician. “I learnt that I had cancer,” she says. With strict “no visitors” policies at the hospital,, Nathani drove alone to medical tests and consultations. “I had to sit and hear the reports alone most of the time with no family allowed in person,” she says, adding that she and her husband, along with their eight-year-old daughter, felt isolated as first-generation immigrants with no family support in Canada.

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During her chemotherapy sessions, Nathani noticed many seniors also battling cancer around her. Witnessing their struggles with mobility, limited transportation and complex health issues she felt compelled to do something to support them. Only a month after her diagnosis, Nathani enrolled in Durham College’s Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) program. Due to the pandemic, the program had converted to online, allowing Nathani to complete her coursework from her bed. Despite the demanding treatment regimen — chemo every 15 days and the exhaustion that followed — she persevered with encouragement from her professors.

“I didn’t give up, I kept going,” she says. She even continued with placements after surgery, undeterred by the visible signs of her battle.

“I’d lost all my hair, so everyone knew [I had cancer],” she reflects.

Eight months later, Nathani was finally declared cancer-free. With a clean bill of health and a new nursing qualification, Nathani felt empowered to realize her goal of setting up Universal Health Hub — a private healthcare organization dedicated to providing affordable geriatric care to seniors.

But starting a business was unfamiliar territory for her.

“I have zero knowledge in business,” she admits. Language barriers were also a factor, but Nathani wouldn't let that stand in the way. “Being an immigrant, English is not my first language. I learn with each presentation I give, always evaluating what worked, what didn’t and what I can do differently to succeed.”

Nathani also had to learn how to market a company with no initial investment. She relied on word-of-mouth marketing, telling others about her business at hospital appointments and encouraging referrals for seniors needing care.

Nathani also had to navigate Canada’s healthcare system, which was vastly different from what she knew in India. “In India, it’s completely private — you pay out of pocket and choose your provider,” she explains. Her cancer journey and nursing placements introduced her to the nuances of government-funded healthcare.

Today, her organization partners with long-term care homes, rehabilitation centers and hospitals across the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), fulfilling a mission Nathani built from her own life’s challenges and her unwavering dedication to healthcare.

Nathani envisions a bright future ahead for her and Universal Health Hub. Her company employs over 20 women and has supported over 2,000 seniors across the GTA. She is now working to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) into her company’s offerings to ease the challenges of aging. She recently launched an app that empowers seniors to screen for foot conditions simply by taking photos of their feet, allowing early detection of issues such as fungal infections, corns, calluses and warts. Foot care is often overlooked in senior healthcare, she notes, yet is crucial for mobility and quality of life. “Our company is the leading foot care provider,” she proudly states, sharing that they see over 1,000 seniors each month for that alone.

Beyond her work with AI, Nathani remains committed to education and mentorship, training nurses to better support the aging population.

“I hope that the Ministry of Health pays attention to the work my team and I are doing to bring Artificial Intelligence to diagnose specific feet conditions in the aging population,” Nathani says. She envisions a future where the ministry collaborates with her team to expand this technology into retirement and long-term care facilities, where proactive detection can significantly enhance residents’ health outcomes and quality of life.

Recently, Nathani was honoured by the Markham Board of Trade as a Healthcare Hero and awarded the Top 40 Under 40 Award.

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LIVING

Photo by: Jose Bezerra & The Glo Up Program

TORONTO AUTHOR’S BOOK SHEDS LIGHT ON THE STRUGGLES OF QUEER AND TRANS REFUGEES

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n recent years, Canada has seen a rise in hate crimes targeting queer and trans individuals, reflecting a global pattern of intolerance and danger for 2SLGBTQ+ communities. Many are forced to flee their countries in search of safety, escaping violence and persecution. Toronto-based author Jo DeLuzio highlights these harrowing experiences in her compelling collection, Just Gone: True Stories of Persecution for Love and Life.

Through personal stories, DeLuzio sheds light on the difficult and often dangerous journeys that queer and trans refugees endure.

attending the event, and Ziad was there with a colleague of mine,” she recalls. “They introduced us, and we learned that he had come to Canada with his partner Mazn because of their sexual orientation. My wife, fluent in Arabic, connected with him right away. When she told him I was writing a book about queer refugees, Ziad expressed interest in having their story told.”

weighed heavily on DeLuzio. “I found myself so absorbed in their emotions that at times I couldn’t eat or sleep,” she admits. Despite the emotional strain, her commitment to amplifying these voices remained unwavering. “This book is just one step towards bringing attention to the global human rights crisis affecting queer and trans people,” she says.

DeLuzio’s efforts to document these personal accounts continued with Eric and Roberto, a couple from Mexico who fled persecution due to their sexual orientation. “They were the last two I interviewed,” DeLuzio notes. “When they arrived in Toronto seeking asylum, they were housed in a homeless shelter. A friend of mine, volunteering at the shelter, learned about their situation and mentioned my book. They were eager to share their experiences.”

Just Gone not only shares these personal stories but also offers readers a discussion guide and glossary of terms, encouraging dialogue and action. DeLuzio stresses the importance of engaging with these issues to promote awareness of 2SLGBTQ+ rights, even in countries considered safe. “Learning about the horrific treatment of 2SLGBTQ+ individuals around the world opens the door to conversations about rights everywhere.”

DeLuzio’s inspiration for the book came in 2014 at Toronto’s WorldPride festival, where she met a young man who had been relentlessly bullied and beaten simply because his walk was considered “too feminine.” When she suggested he seek asylum in Canada, he responded, “I have to go back and fight for 2SLGBTQ+ rights in my Through Just Gone, DeLuzio reveals the unique country, even if it kills me.” This encounter opened her eyes to the severe threats faced by queer and challenges faced by 2SLGBTQ+ individuals. Gay trans individuals globally, motivating her to men and transgender women are often singled out for harsh punishment due to cultural taboos explore their stories in depth. around gender norms, while lesbian relationships are frequently marginalized or ignored. “In malePersonal stories of struggle Throughout her research, DeLuzio encountered dominated societies, romantic love between many individuals who were eager to share their women is disregarded because it doesn’t involve a stories, but also needed protection due to ongoing penis,” DeLuzio explains. fears of reprisal. One of her earliest connections was with Ziad, a Syrian refugee she met at a Call for action queer film night in Toronto. “My wife and I were The emotional toll of gathering these stories

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In Canada, queer and trans refugees often struggle to find community support, as they may fear rejection from their ethnic or cultural backgrounds. DeLuzio advocates for kindness and outreach, emphasizing how small acts — like offering a meal or job — can foster a sense of belonging for newcomers.

“2SLGBTQ+ rights are human rights,” DeLuzio concludes. “You don’t have to agree with someone’s identity to recognize that their rights deserve protection.”

LIVING WELLNESS

Self-care during traumatic times Managing our emotional responses helps us cope with difficult situations

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management strategies, which might include exercises like box breathing and progressive muscle relaxation. Try apps like Calm which offer meditation techniques or a cognitive behavioral therapy app like Sanvello to help you work through difficult emotions.

et’s be frank: the world can be a pretty terrible place. Conflict in places like Ukraine, Israel and Syria has disrupted thousands of lives. According to the United Nations Refugee Agency, there are over 120 million displaced people throughout the world, more than any other time in recorded history.

That means that roughly one in 69 people are forcibly displaced with millions more displaced within their own countries.

Whether directly or indirectly, people are dealing with traumatic events like war, terrorism, natural disasters, food insecurity, territorial disputes and all the byproducts that go along with events like these.

People might be victimized for their gender or on the receiving end of identity-based hate in their everyday lives. They may be sitting in their living rooms watching reports of countries they fled or constantly exposing themselves to negative imagery and reports on social media by doomscrolling.

• Normalizing daily routines as much as possible.

• Setting time limits on exposing

yourself to social media and news outlets.

• Being mindful of your own trauma

responses and making adjustments to manage these.

• Connecting • Anxiety – in response to the

unknown and the reality that there could real dangers present.

• Anger

– some people feel triggered and fueled by rage, but this could in turn simply trigger more violence.

The cumulative impact of all this can be devastating on your mental health. Indeed, The World Health • Guilt – some people may feel Organization estimates that roughly this emotion because they are safe, 70 per cent of all people globally will yet know that victims of violence experience at least one traumatic remain threatened, and this may event during their lifetime. An trigger feelings of powerlessness. estimated 3.9 per cent of the world’s population will experience post- • Grief – feelings that somewhere traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at in the world trauma occurs and some point in their lives, but only people are suffering. one in four will seek help for it.

Rates of PTSD are up to three times It’s vital to realize that all these higher in those exposed to war or feelings are normal. There are violence, and even higher following many more responses ranging from sexual violence. hope to jealousy and everything in between. It’s also normal to Being exposed to a crisis can experience a spectrum of emotional trigger a wide range of emotional responses simultaneously. responses. It’s important to recognize that there’s no single Doomscrolling ‘correct’ way to respond to a given In tandem with these emotions, event. Some common responses some people fall into the habit of include: doomscrolling, which has been gaining significant attention • Depression – a sense of power- especially after the pandemic. lessness and hopelessness and not knowing how to help.

As its name implies,

doomscrolling is getting stuck in an unhealthy loop of scrolling through negative news stories and social media outlets that are filled with doom-and-gloom content.

This behaviour can amplify mental health conditions like depression and anxiety, reinforce negative thoughts and beliefs as well as generate sleep problems by overstimulating the brain, especially late at night.

Ironically, repetitive doomscrolling enables the brain to release dopamine, which acts as the brain’s reward system, despite the negative content. Younger people whose brains are still developing, may be more impacted by the accumulation of negative material they come across.

But what can I do?

Self-care can play a vital role in helping you cope with the effects of global crises and managing your emotional responses. Here are a few suggestions for self-care:

• Learning mindfulness and stress

with others for meaningful interaction; asking for help if necessary.

Finally, it’s important to acknowledge negative emotions without dwelling on them. Emotions are really messages that are there to guide and protect us. When we’re most aware of them, our emotional states can help us deal with the complex feelings triggered by global unrest and uncertainty.

Global conflict won’t be going away anytime soon but with greater self-awareness and mindfulness we can learn positive behavioural and emotional coping strategies that promote healing and clarity.

Resources You Can Use

• Canadian Centre for Victims of Torture: ccvt.org

• Rainbow Railroad – agency that

helps LGBTQ+ communities globally to escape life threatening situations: rainbowrailroad.org

• Centre for Addiction and Mental Health New Beginnings Clinic: camh.ca

Carter Hammett is a freelance writer with two decades of experience in social work, employment counselling and adult education.

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Understanding Canada’s political system as a newcomer Knowing how decisions are made and how you can make your voice heard is essential for active citizenship

By Gautam Viswanathan

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aving become a Canadian citizen in September 2024, Javi Reyes is looking forward to exercising one of his most fundamental rights: voting in the federal elections scheduled for 2025.

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“Voting gives us the ability to elect a government that takes care of my family and provides us immigrants the safety and security to lead comfortable lives in this country,” says Mexican-born Reyes. “It is our primary way to

express how we feel towards our government. I want to canvas for my party of choice, to influence others in my area to vote for our common goals.

I would ask everyone to get involved in politics… it cannot be a spectator sport.”

municipal. The federal government, based in Ottawa, handles national and global matters, while provincial/territorial governments manage education, healthcare and road regulations. Municipal governments address local matters such as parking, emergency services and public transport.

Spreading awareness among new Canadians

At the federal level, Canada’s parliamentary democracy comprises three branches of parliament: The King (or Sovereign), the Senate and the House of Commons. As a constitutional monarchy, the country recognizes a monarch (currently King Charles III, following the passing of Queen Elizabeth II in 2022) as the head of state while the Prime Minister is the head of government.

“We’ve set up a partnership with the Democratic Engagement Exchange that runs out of Toronto Metropolitan University,” says Sara Asalya, executive director of NEW, who became a Canadian citizen in 2016. “A couple of years ago, we invited them to deliver workshops to educate newcomers. We also did pop-up simulation sessions about how to vote.”

Canadian citizens can vote officials into Canada’s House of Commons at the federal level, elect Members of Provincial Parliaments (MPPs) or Members of Legislative Assemblies (MLAs) to provincial and territorial assemblies and participate in local elections.

In federal elections, Canada is divided into 338 constituencies or ridings. The candidate with most votes in each riding is elected to the House of Commons.

Registering to vote To be eligible to vote, new citizens must first register. While you can register at the polling station on election day, doing so in advance allows you to receive a voter ID card, which keeps you informed about when your next vote is due. You will also need to produce ID at the voting booth.

Aditi Kumar, who came to Canada from India, became a citizen in August 2023. She is also looking forward to making her vote count.

“It is really important for everyone to cast their vote, because not everyone does that: they believe that none of the candidates align with their aspirations,” she says. “If that is the case, they are already playing into the hands of other parties.”

Canada’s system of government Immigrants like Reyes and Kumar make up about 20 per cent of Canadian citizens.

To understand how their vote can make a difference, new Canadians can benefit from making an active effort to learn about the country’s political system.

Canada’s government is divided into three levels: federal, provincial/territorial and

To help new Canadian citizens understand their voting rights, Elections Canada offers plenty of vital information. Its Guide to the Federal Election is available in over 30 languages, including Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, Hindi, Punjabi, Tagalog and more.

To encourage more newcomers to vote, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) has partnered with settlement agencies such as Newcomer Women’s Services in Toronto (NEW).

NEW also runs citizenship awareness classes and has partnered with North York Community House to pilot its Journeys to Active Citizenship programs, both of which are funded by IRCC. Prior to voting in the 2018 and 2022 provincial elections and the 2019 federal election, Asalya also volunteered at the 2015 federal elections to understand Canada’s political process. In addition to volunteering, there are other ways to be an active citizen. Staying informed about local and national events in Canada, following laws and regulations and engaging with the community on issues that affect us as citizens are some ways in which one can prepare for their vote.

“As a newcomer, you think about jobs, about schooling, the basic needs,” points out Asalya.

“I have not come across any newcomer in their first year who would be thinking about the voting system. But there’s been a lot of work recently to push that and change the narrative. You can be an active citizen from the minute you land. Being an active citizen isn’t exclusively about voting.”

Barriers to voting for new Canadians According to Elections Canada, many new Canadians face challenges in accessing and understanding election information, as they are not fluent in English or French. They are less likely to know if they are registered to vote, more likely to report not receiving a voter information card and often assume that they cannot vote. In addition, some new Canadian electors face additional barriers, depending on the political culture of their country of origin, and may mistrust the electoral process.

Elections Canada also found that new Canadian citizens tend to be less interested in politics, less likely to be informed about the voting process and less likely to be registered.

Many also mistakenly believe that it is easier to vote than it actually is.

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MONEY & BUSINESS BANKING

Finishing strong Your year-end financial planning guide

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s 2024 wraps up, it’s a great time for Canadians to think about yearend planning. This guide will cover some helpful strategies, including charitable donations, medical expenses and selling investments at a loss, along with simple tips for each.

1. Charitable donations

Donating to charity is a wonderful way to support causes you care about, plus it can offer some nice tax benefits. In Canada, you can claim a nonrefundable tax credit for donations made to registered charities.

To qualify for the tax credit, your donation must go to a registered charity recognized by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). This broadly includes non-profit organizations, educational institutions and hospitals. It is important to note that not all donations are made to registered charities, so if the tax aspect is important, be sure to check their charity status before donating. Here’s how the tax rate credits work: • You’ll get a 15 per cent credit on the first $200 of donations.

• For donations over $200, the credit jumps to 29 per cent (or 33 per cent if you’re a high-income earner).

Keep in mind that if you and your spouse or common-law partner both make donations, you can combine them on one tax return for a bigger tax reducing tax bills. If you sell an investment for less than what you paid, you credit! Make your donations before Dec. 31 to claim them on your tax can use that loss to offset gains you have in the same year, or even carry it return. Don’t forget to obtain official receipts since you’ll need those to forward to future years. claim your credit.

Criteria for tax-loss selling • Realized losses: You can only claim a loss if you’ve sold the investment; Medical expenses holding a declining asset does not qualify.

Medical expenses can significantly impact your taxes, and knowing how to claim them can lead to some valuable deductions. In Canada, you can claim a non-refundable tax credit for eligible medical expenses for yourself • Superficial loss rule: This disallows claiming a loss if you buy the same or a similar investment back within 30 days before or after the sale. This rule or your dependants. ensures that your losses reflect real economic outcomes rather than tax strategies.

The CRA has a list of eligible medical expenses that can be claimed, including: • Offset capital gains: Use your losses to offset gains in the same year. For • Payments to medical professionals like doctors and dentists example, if you made $5,000 in gains from one investment and a $2,000 loss from another, you’ll only pay tax on a $3,000 gain.

• Prescription medications

2.

• Vision care, such as glasses and contact lenses • Medical devices like wheelchairs or hearing aids • Travel costs for medical services (under certain conditions) Check the CRA website for deductible expenses that you might overlook, including those not covered by your benefits.

• Carry forward or backward: If your losses exceed your gains, you can

carry them forward to offset gains in future years or back to reduce gains from the past three years.

4. General tips for year-end planning

• Take some time to assess your income, expenses and potential tax liabilities.

This can help you identify areas for improving your financial strategy.

• Talking to a tax professional or financial advisor can give you a clearer understanding of your finances and enhance your year-end planning.

To claim these expenses, your total must exceed a certain threshold, which is either: • Maintain organized records of all financial documents, including receipts • 3 per cent of your net income, or for donations, medical expenses and investments.

• A fixed amount ($2,635 for the 2023 tax year) Year-end planning is crucial for Canadians looking to optimize their You can claim eligible medical expenses for any 12-month period ending in taxes and improve financial well-being. Here’s to closing out the year with the tax year. Effectively clustering expenses might help you meet the threshold confidence and stepping into 2025 with your finances on more easily. Keep good records and receipts, as they’re essential for your claims. solid ground.

3. Selling investments at a loss

Shalini Dharna is a CPA and Investment/Insurance Advisor at Tax-loss selling can be a smart way to manage capital gains while also Dharna CPA Professional Corporation.

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CANADIAN IMMIGRANT Volume 21 Issue 5 | 2024

MONEY & BUSINESS ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Plan, save, grow

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Year-end tips for entrepreneurs

s the year draws to a close, entrepreneurs in Canada find themselves at a pivotal moment in their business journey. Here are some critical strategies for effective year-end planning, including cost write-offs, understanding capital versus operating expenses and conducting an overall analysis to ensure business growth and sustainability.

1. Incurring costs for write-offs

One of the most effective strategies for year-end planning is to identify and incur eligible expenses before the fiscal year ends. In Canada, business expenses must be reasonable and directly related to your company’s financial activities. Common deductible expenses include office supplies, salaries and utilities. Entrepreneurs can also explore additional deductions:

• Equipment purchase: Investing in computers, machinery or furniture

before the year-end can be beneficial. While you won’t get the full expense (immediate expensing expired December 2023) under the Capital Cost Allowance (CCA) rules, these assets can provide substantial tax savings via depreciation expense.

• Professional fees: Engaging accountants, consultants or legal advisors for

services incurred before the year ends allows businesses to write off these costs, significantly reducing the taxable income. Note that if you want to work with a coach, it must be for business-focused services, not personal development.

statements and cash flow statements. Taking the time to do this can help you spot patterns, find areas that might need work and prepare your annual reports.

• Travel and meals: If you plan business travel or client meetings, consider • Plan your budget for next year: Use what you learned from your financial scheduling them before year-end. A portion of business-related meals and entertainment expenses is deductible, which can help mitigate tax liabilities.

2. Understanding capital vs. operating expenses

Capital expenses refer to the purchase of long-term assets that will provide value over multiple years. Examples include buildings, vehicles and equipment. These expenses cannot be fully deducted in the year they are incurred; instead, they require depreciation over their useful life.

Understanding how much depreciation applies to your capital assets can significantly impact your tax planning.

Operating expenses are day-to-day expenses necessary for running your business, such as rent, utilities and payroll. Unlike capital expenses, these costs can typically be deducted in full during the year they are incurred.

Keeping accurate records of these expenses can help entrepreneurs optimize their tax returns.

When planning for year-end, businesses should take stock of both expense types. Reviewing your expenditures can help you maximize deductions and reinvest profits into growth opportunities. However, you would also need to consider how much you could be saving in tax payments. Depending on your tax situation, you might need to make a significantly large expenditure to see substantial savings in your taxes owing. Sometimes it doesn't make sense to make an investment just to save on taxes; so it needs to make business and cash flow sense too!

review to create a budget for the upcoming year. Setting achievable goals for income and expenses will help you manage your cash flow and plan wisely.

• Check your profitability: Figure out which of your products or services are making the most money. This can help you decide if you should promote certain offerings or consider discontinuing those that aren’t performing well.

• Review your business performance: Compare how your business is doing

vis-a-vis industry standards. Knowing where you stand within your industry can help you identify areas that might need improvement and develop a solid plan going forward.

• Think about tax implications: Consider how any changes you might

make to your operations or plans for growth that might impact your taxes. Talking to a tax professional can provide valuable insights into the financial effects of your decisions.

4. Consulting with professionals

As the year-end approaches, working with professional advisors, such as accountants and financial planners, can be invaluable. They can provide expertise on the latest tax legislation, potentially identify deductions you might have overlooked and offer tailored advice based on your business’s specific needs. Year-end planning is crucial for entrepreneurs aiming to close out the fiscal year successfully and set the foundation for future growth. By incurring eligible costs, understanding the differences between capital and operating expenses and conducting a thorough financial analysis, Canadian Performing an overall financial analysis Year-end planning is not only about reducing tax liabilities; it also involves entrepreneurs can maximize tax deductions and position a comprehensive analysis of your business’s financial health. Consider the their businesses for the coming year. following steps: Shalini Dharna is a CPA and Investment/Insurance Advisor at • Look over your financial statements: Check your balance sheets, income Dharna CPA Professional Corporation.

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CANADIANIMMIGRANT.CA |

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