Phase II MHD Standards

HD Truck Fuel Economy Phase 2 Update on Release of Draft Phase 2 Rules And Discussion A CALSTART Member Services Webinar Thursday July 16 Bill Van Amburg, CALSTART Alycia Gilde, CALSTART

Webinar Process • Please remember: enter your Audio PIN (shown on your screen) so you can participate when we get to discussion • We cannot “open” your line to talk unless you enter PIN • All attendees in “mute” mode until discussion; unmuted for questions • Use the Webinar controls to ask questions (raise hand) – at any time!

Agenda » Review High Level Issues – in a Nutshell » Look at Changes from Phase 1 Including Test cycles, vocational bins » Review Assumptions on Tech » Next Steps

HD Truck Fuel Economy Task Group Goals: • In advance of rule development, discuss key issues for industry and users • Provide platform for feedback through rule-making • Make sure beneficial fuel saving technology included in rule design • Seek areas of agreement; identify key areas of concern • Work collaboratively to develop recommendations • Provide feedback to agencies 4

HD Fuel Economy Phase 2 • Draft rules (NPRM) released June 19 • Formal in Federal Register July 13 • 60-day comment period to Sept 11, 2015; will include workshops • Final Rule April 2016 • Rule horizon proposed 20212027 • EPA/NHTSA believe there is payback for rule technology

Highlights in a Nutshell • Outlines several alternatives • Preferred alternative (Alt 3) runs 2021 -2027; more aggressive alternative ends at 2025 with same stringency • Adds trailers for first time (starts 2018) • “Technology-forcing” • Keeps engine and full vehicle certification; adds powertrain cert • Adds three “bins” for vocational – urban, regional, multi-purpose • Enhances test procedures to better reflect “real world” – speed ranges, grades, idling

5 Alternate Rule Paths

• Agencies prefer Alternative 3 • Alternative 4 same stringency, but three years faster – they view this as maximum feasible alternative – but want comments

Summary of Preferred Alternative

Directional Summary Phase 1 & 2

From ICCT

Summary of Rule Benefits

Key Issues • Engine Certification maintained – however, actual engine data now included in GEM Simulation model and is interactive component of Vehicle Certification • Engine test changed to better reflect real-world conditions • GEM model now allows for unique engine, transmission, drive axle and tire radius inputs • Powertrain data from testing can be input • Includes more innovative tech defaults (lightweight materials, auto tire inflation, advanced cruise control, workday idle reduction, reduced axles)

SET Modes – New Weighting to Reflect Engine Speed Changes Phase 1

Phase 2

Vehicle Drive Cycles Include Grade

• Minimum grade 2.1%; max 2.4% • 30% of cycle includes grades – agencies feel Phase 2 standards more rigorous with grade in test cycle • Cycles now distance based, not time based (allows vehicles to vary speed but cover same distance)

Vocational Test Cycles

• Idling also built into cycles – will use several cycles for tractors and for vocational vehicles • NREL assessing whether to propose additional idle time in vocational cycles • Most vehicles will be considered multi-purpose unless meet special provisions to be assigned to Regional or Urban

Additional Tech • Alternative fuels/Nat Gas – Nat gas engines certified based on how used (not combustion type) – Must meet diesel tailpipe standards for C02, not including fuel life cycle – Nat gas required to have closed crankcase – no venting – Want comment on this (upstream emissions NG, electricity)

• Advanced technology (hybrid, electric) – No extra credits in Phase 2 – agencies assume they will be part of compliance solution – Want comment on this issue 15

Additional Tech • Innovative technology – Now called “off-cycle” – those things not captured in powertrain or simulation tests – Already building in default credits for lightweight materials, advanced cruise control, auot tire inflation, workday idle reduction, axle configuration – but different inputs can be submitted with test results – E-PTO and other worksite solutions can be includes – will maintain e-PTO test process – Collision avoidance systems NOT allowed

Tractor Trailer Class 7-8

Trailer Rule Summary

Vocational Rule Summary

HD Pickups and Vans Summary

Cost Assumptions by Vehicle

Payback Assumptions

• Roughly matches assessment done by ICCT for tractor trailers, and CALSTART soon-to-be released fleet study

Tractor Engine Assumptions

• Not large assumptions for Waste Heat recovery on engines

Tech Adoption – Class 7/8

Tech Adoption 7/8 Contd

Assumptions: Hybrid 10% adoption; Start-Stop 70%

HD Pickups & Vans Tech Adoption Assumptions

Observations • Well thought out and argued rule – more complete than Phase 1 • Reduction in fuel use/carbon in Alt 3 for Class 8 achieves near 40% reduction from beginning 2010 baseline – roughly on “glideslope” for climate stability • Vocational and Class 2B reductions seem not as tech forcing at first view • Payback assumptions seem reasonable from CALSTART separate analysis on fleet benefits (to be released in next few weeks) • Large areas where EPA/NHTSA do want comments – CALSTART will be coordinating and providing comments with industry, fleets

Open Discussion

Next Steps • Workshops to be Set – Chicago Aug 6; LA Aug 18?

• CALSTART working to coordinate, encourage industry comments at work shops and in comments to agencies – Will coordinate key sub sector comments

• Deadline for comments September 11, 2015 – Can be filed electronically

• Provide additional thoughts, comments and feedback to CALSTART bvanamburg@calstart.org and agilde@calstart.org

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