Health: Cellulitis

Horses’ limbs are their bread and butter, so problems that arise in that area, such as cellulitis, should be treated promptly and aggressively

GETTY IMAGES

Cellulitis is an infammatory process of the skin and deeper tissues, and it is commonly associated with bacterial infection. In horses, cellulitis usually appears as a severely swollen limb and typically involves only one limb,

Dr. Callie Fogle of North Carolina State University says that cellulitis or a horse with a severely swollen limb can be a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma for veterinarians.

“A puncture, tendon or ligament trauma, or an infected joint can be masked by a very swollen lame leg,” Fogle said. “It can also be difcult to isolate the type of bacteria causing the cellulitis, and even with appropriate, aggressive therapy, this infection sometimes does not respond quickly or the swelling may not resolve.”

BY HEATHER SMITH THOMAS

SIGNS AND IMPORTANCE OF DIAGNOSIS

“Often these horses present with acute, severe swelling, usually afecting an entire limb,” Fogle said. “Tere are some other things that could present this way, or problems that could be masked by the severe swelling. When a horse owner notices acute, severe swelling, it is important to have a veterinarian examine the horse and look for other possible problems.

“Radiographs and ultrasound are commonly performed to rule out a fracture and to look for sepsis or infection in a joint. It would be important to rule those things out before beginning treatment for a cellulitis.

“Imaging would also help us look for an abscess that might result from the bacterial infection. Another useful diagnostic test might be a culture of the serum that is oozing from the skin, or to culture a subcutaneous biopsy of deeper tissues.

Cellulitis is most common in a hind limb, but it can also occur in a front leg.

“Te classic form of cellulitis is unilateral, afecting just one limb, but it can afect multiple limbs,” said Fogle. “Te horse may have a fever and an increased heart rate. Often the swelling is frm and hard, and the leg is hot. It is usually very painful to touch. Tere may be breaks in the skin that ooze serum. Tese breaks can be caused by a precipitating trauma or from just the stretching of the skin due to the severe swelling.

“Tese horses are generally very lame, but often the pain occurs when advancing the limb rather than from standing on that leg. It’s difcult or painful to move the limb. Generally, the horse will bear reasonable weight on the affected limb, when not being asked to move, compared to a non-weight-bearing lameness that is commonly seen with a fracture or a joint infection.”

Occasionally—and more often with chronic rather than acute cellulitis— the veterinarian might use scintigraphy, in which a radioactive compound is injected into the subcutaneous tissues.

“Te purpose of this imaging technique is to evaluate circulation of the distal limb—and see how well the lymphatic and venous system are working to return the blood and fuid from the distal limb,” said Fogle. “Often with cellulitis, particularly with chronic cellulitis, the function of the venous and lymphatic systems can be severely impaired.”

CAUSES

Acute cellulitis in horses is most commonly due to bacterial infection, usually with something like Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus intermedius, or Streptococcus. Tese are common bacteria that are often found on the skin, and they’ve simply found a break in the skin to infect deeper tissues.

“Occasionally, cellulitis can be due to infection with Corynebacterium or Clos-

CALLIE FOGLE PHOTOS

Cellulitis, a common bacterial skin infection, most often affects a hind limb in horses, but it can also occur in front limbs

If left untreated, cellulitis can cause serious problems, including lasting lameness

tridium or a gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli,” said Fogle.

Acute cellulitis can be a bit diferent from chronic cellulitis, in which a horse sufers from repeated episodes of severe, painful limb swelling.

“Te swelling with chronic cellulitis may also difer from that with acute cellulitis, as it is commonly thought to be more of a primary infammatory process, with less contribution from bacterial infection of the deeper tissues,” Fogle said.

“A horse that has never had a swollen limb before, that suddenly develops an acute, severe swelling of a limb and doesn’t respond very quickly to aggressive treatment, can develop changes in the limb that predispose to future bouts of cellulitis. Tis may take diferent forms. Some horses may have a chronically thick leg that feels hard and fbrous, like scar tissue. Tat limb may always carry a bit of swelling and look just a little thicker.

“Other horses resolve the swelling but seem more likely to develop subsequent episodes of acute, severe swelling of that leg. We think that these repeat episodes may be due to scarring and permanent impairment of the venous and lymphatic systems in that limb. Te acute bacterial infection can start that process, and once those systems are impaired, the horse is less able to fght bacterial infections in that limb. Te skin barrier to bacterial invasion in that limb is not as good as in the other limbs. Tat limb is more vulnerable to infection.”

Owners of a horse with chronic cellulitis might notice that even a tiny abrasion, small scratch, or scab on the skin can precipitate another bout of cellulitis, with the leg once again becoming swollen and painful.

TREATMENT

“It is crucial to treat acute cellulitis right away and be as aggressive as possible, within the owner’s fnancial ability,” said Fogle. “Sometimes there are severe complications, especially if treatment is not begun immediately with aggressive broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage. Most of the time this will entail intravenous antibiotics and use of a non-steroidal anti-infammatory medication like phenylbutazone to try to address pain and infammation in that limb.

“Steroids are commonly used by veterinarians to address minor distal limb swellings, but we can run into trouble with steroids to treat severe cellulitis because they can efectively mask whether or not we’re successfully resolving the bacterial

infection in the limb. Short-term steroid use with a bout of acute cellulitis is okay, but you wouldn’t want to use it very long. Steroids are not routinely part of my treatment regime for severe cellulitis.

“Along with antibiotics and NSAIDs, we also use bandaging and supportive treatment to help reduce the swelling in that leg. Cold-water therapy is helpful, whether it’s one of the fancy boots that recirculates cold water, or just cold water from a hose. Cold saltwater therapy in the form of an equine saltwater spa can be extremely benefcial in quickly reducing the limb swelling and improving venous and lymphatic fuid return from the limb.”

Aggressive, prompt treatment is important to prevent laminitis, reduce the risk of deep-tissue necrosis, and reduce the risk of developing permanent damage to the circulatory system in that leg.

Getting the horse comfortable quickly on the limb with cellulitis is crucial, through medication and supportive therapy to reduce the pain and swelling.

“Horses can have further problems if the bacterial infection does not stay confned to that limb and goes throughout the body,” said Fogle. “Te horse can become very sick from systemic infection (sepsis or bacteremia). Horses can also develop superfcial and/or deep necrosis of the tissues anywhere within the afected limb. Often this is in the fetlock or pastern area, where massive amounts of tissue slough away. Tis problem may also accompany bone infection or tendon/ligament infection or joint infection. Tese are all risks with severe cellulitis, but are more likely in cases with a delay in the start of therapy.”

Treatment of acute cellulitis can be frustrating for both owners and veterinarians, particularly when the symptoms are not resolving as quickly as everyone might like.

“It can be hard to choose an antibiotic before we have a culture, but we don’t wait for the culture results to come back because we need to start treating quickly,” said Fogle. “Often the antibiotic we choose is something we think will work, but with cellulitis we sometimes fnd that our frst choice may not be the right choice. We might have to change after we get the culture results back. Or, if we don’t get a positive culture for bacteria and the horse is not responding as hoped, we may end up making another educated guess, using another antibiotic in an efort try to get the swelling down as fast as possible.”

Cellulitis is marked by fever, swelling, infamed skin, and pain when touched. Often blisters or pus-flled bumps appear

CALLIE FOGLE

— Dr. Callie Fogle

GETTY IMAGES

Cold water is benefcial to reduce the swelling of the limb and improve venous and lymphatic fuid return from the limb LYMPHANGITIS VS. CELLULITIS

“Classically, we think of lymphangitis as something that has a breed predisposition, commonly afecting draft horses or cold-blood breeds,” said Fogle. “It can afect horses of other breeds. Lymphangitis and cellulitis can both afect lymphatic drainage to the distal limb, particularly in chronic or recurrent cases. Lymphangitis is more likely to be bilateral, however, affecting both front legs or both hind legs or even all four limbs. Usually, the hind limbs are worse, but we do also see cases in which the forelimbs are worse.

“Te swelling is generally in the distal limbs. It can look a little like stocking up because the swelling is most dramatic in the lowest part of the limb and is not an acute process, like we fnd in cellulitis. With cellulitis, you suddenly fnd the horse with a huge leg, but with lymphangitis it’s more insidious and gradual and is slowly progressive.

“Te legs may have some scabs or scratches (pastern dermatitis) on the back of the fetlocks and pasterns, as well as frm, fbrous nodules. Tose crusts, ulcerations, and nodules may be a sign that the lymphatic drainage is not efective. Like a horse with chronic cellulitis, a horse with lymphangitis is also unable to fght infection or mount a good response against invading bacteria in the distal limbs.

“Tese horses tend to have low-grade infections in the skin in areas where the lymphangitis is afecting the distal limbs. Te swelling doesn’t go completely away with exercise, like it would in a horse that is simply stocked up (distal limb edema).

“Horses may stock up, especially in the hind limbs, if they are accustomed to being out moving around and are then confned overnight in a stall or small pen.

In the morning they may have a little edema, but as soon as you turn them out or ride them, the swelling goes away.

“Lymphangitis can be responsive to exercise and improve a little when the horse is turned out, but the limbs don’t get completely back to normal. Besides the edema and skin lesions, there are often some small nodules of scar tissue in the pastern and fetlock areas that you can feel with your fngers. Te nodules are thought to be due to infammation of the lymphatic system. It starts as infammation and then ends up as scarring and impairment of the lymphatic system in the distal limbs, with secondary bacterial infection.” MANAGING CHRONIC CELLULITIS

“Horse that have had a bout of acute cellulitis and now have a chronically thick limb, or a limb that the owner knows is more likely to swell if anything happens to it, need to be monitored closely,” said Fogle. “One of the things that owners can do to try to prevent recurrence in that limb is to be vigilant about feeling (palpating) the skin in the fetlock and pastern area, checking daily for any scabs, scratches, or abrasions. If they notice any breaks in the skin on that limb, it’s wise to clip and clean them with a gentle soap and allow it to dry before placing a lower leg wrap. Tis can sometimes prevent or reduce the risk for swelling and lameness that can occur with minor abrasions. Tis is something owners can do if they have a horse that tends to develop cellulitis whenever they get a break in the skin.

“Other things I recommend for owners of horses afected by chronic cellulitis is plenty of turnout—but being aware that turnout in wet grass is not ideal. When the skin is wet, it becomes softer and more vulnerable to being nicked or scraped. It’s easier for bacteria to gain access through wet skin. Keeping the at-risk horse in until the grass is dry is best.

“If the horse has to be stalled, bandaging the legs while in the stall is helpful. Tere are several diferent types of bandages that can be used. A quilted and polo wrap or special bandages called short stretch bandages can be used to try to minimize the amount of edema that develops when a horse is stalled. Once these horses are turned out, they don’t need the bandaging.

“I have several owners who have horses afected with chronic cellulitis. When they identify a break in the skin, they contact their veterinarian and get the horse on a round of antibiotics to try to prevent another exacerbation of cellulitis.

Tey have developed a very successful pro-active approach to try to manage the limb and prevent further bouts of cellulitis.” When the horse is in between bouts of cellulitis, it is usually safe to go ahead and ride or compete with that horse. “Owners with horses that have a chronic cellulitis are usually pretty CALLIE FOGLE More likely to affect both limbs, lymphangitis differs from cellulitis in that careful about protecting the limb while they are riding or when trailering,” said Fogle. “Te exlymph vessels are affected rather than blood vessels ercise is really helpful to improve the blood fow to the limb and improve the circulatory system and lymphatic drainage. So it’s often best to continue using the horse, as long as he is sound. “When a horse is in an acute bout of cellulitis, however, exercise is not feasible. Getting the horse moving once the severe symptoms are starting to wane is important, and in between bouts. A regular exercise schedule is very helpful, So as long as you can protect the skin, exercise is great.” PROGNOSIS “For the most part, prognosis for horses with cellulitis is good, particularly if the horse responds quickly to aggressive medical therapy (within the frst 24 to 48 hours),” said Fogle. “Often those horses won’t develop any of the chronic efects or complications of cellulitis. Te ones we generally struggle with are the ones that don’t respond quickly to the treatment. Te things we worry about are abscessation, necrosis and sloughing of deep tissue, laminitis, and secondary involvement of joint, bone, or soft-tissue support structures of the limb, which can be severe complications of cellulitis. “Te majority of horses will respond MEGAN BURKE to aggressive medical treatment, however, Early aggressive treatment is key to avoid severe complications and development of Horses with acute cellulitis, shown here in a chronic cellulitis.” coronary band, need to be monitored closely It pays to get a diagnosis and get right and exercised as soon as medically possible on it.

Breeder

Terry C. Lovingier Nick Alexander Reddam Racing, LLC Richard Barton Enterprises George Krikorian Tommy Town Thoroughbreds, LLC Harris Farms Premier Thoroughbreds LLC Mr. & Mrs. Larry D. Williams Old English Rancho Dr. & Mrs. William T. Gray J. Kirk Robison & Judy Robison C-Punch Ranch Inc. Thomas W. Bachman Gary Barber Alfred A. Pais Daehling Ranch LLC Madera Thoroughbreds LLC Liberty Road Stables Timothy Francis O’Leary Edward C. Allred DP Racing KMN Racing, LLC Tiz Molly Partners Kristin Mulhall George & Mary Clare Schmitt Rozamund Barclay BG Stables SLO Racing Stable John R. Haagsma & Wesley Ward Ruis Racing LLC Richard Barton Enterprises & Robert Traynor William J. Sims Dahlberg Farms LLC Old English Rancho, Sal Berumen & Patsy Berumen Hill ‘n’ Dale Equine Holdings, Inc. John Ernst & Allegra Ernst Victory Rose Thoroughbreds, Inc. BKB Stables LLC Perry Bruno & John Gezon Red Baron’s Barn & Vaya Con Suerte Legacy Ranch Bruce Headley Hronis Racing, LLC Ed Delaney Robert Mitchell Reddam Racing, LLC & Edward Freeman Equine Formula 1, LLC/Eric Yohan Knipe Karen Headley Benjamin C. Warren & Sally Warren Rusty & Debi Brown Remmah Racing Inc. Rising Star Farm LLC Donald Valpredo Victory Rose & KMN Racing Benjamin C. Warren

Starts Wins Stakes Wins Leading Earner Earnings

542 61 6 Fi Fi Pharoah ($213,532) $2,330,616 303 60 4 Desmond Doss ($207,790) $2,157,896 337 48 0 Hockey Dad ($186,920) $1,961,767 690 93 1 I’ll Do It for You ($120,394) $1,805,017 216 32 3 She’s a Dime ($137,560) $1,433,493 442 81 2 Let’s Rejoyce ($133,280) $1,363,581 290 49 3 Closing Remarks ($251,000) $1,310,428 162 30 1 Joker Boy ($99,000) 196 36 1 Pulpit Rider ($100,000) $873,054 $741,624

164 22 0 Perfectionistic ($102,956) $667,331

216 32 0 Joymaker ($83,200)

$644,791 22 8 4 None Above the Law ($430,760) $600,880 128 25 1 Sensible Cat ($67,640) $544,928 130 19 0 Pour On the Cole ($65,526) $496,102 118 24 1 Fly to Mars ($63,680) 31 6 3 Brickyard Ride ($300,700) 146 22 0 Gallant Guy ($88,592) 183 33 0 Mark Ye Well ($48,430) $490,568 $488,034 $459,715 $402,991

187 26 0 U. S. Danger ($65,520) 108 24 0 Union Dance ($96,782)

$398,319 $389,352 31 9 1 North County Guy ($261,880) $376,399 133 12 0 Disko Fever ($100,320) $362,506

24 5 2 I’m So Anna ($203,000)

$351,681 12 4 3 The Chosen Vron ($267,250) $349,138 41 11 0 Hot Box ($90,068) $322,878

146 19 0 Tip Top Gal ($48,518) 191 22 0 Extractor ($41,652) $301,769 $290,179

160 22 0 Capital Heat ($57,160) 39 9 1 Seven Sisters ($76,920)

$275,103 $275,044 15 3 3 Brandothebartender ($269,540) $272,475 39 5 0 One Fast Bro ($82,580) $269,630

99 7 0 Atomic Drop ($67,600) $265,079

14 6 3 Leggs Galore ($238,000)

$248,861 49 12 1 Minister of Soul ($101,282) $247,077 38 2 1 Acclimate ($216,000) $246,897

33 7 1 Bella Vita ($196,726)

$246,616 71 10 0 Ten the Smart Way ($56,180) $242,022 117 19 0 Proof of Jazz ($38,020) $236,785

68 9 1 Misty Cat ($73,280)

$226,890 16 9 3 Jimmy Blue Jeans ($200,306) $223,647 17 4 0 Harper’s Gallop ($93,234) $219,704

88 13 0 Gypsy Blu ($67,240) 37 5 0 War Games ($80,292) $212,181 $209,351

25 5 0 Bench Judge ($78,090) 39 8 0 Coast of Roan ($98,094) 8 3 0 Colt Fiction ($190,732) $206,230 $202,105 $191,232

16 8 0 Miss Carousel ($105,210)

$190,790 110 7 0 Bananas On Fire ($62,290) $188,538 14 3 0 Anna Fantastic ($158,670) $181,350 38 3 0 Warrens Candy Girl ($95,400) $180,955 39 9 0 Friday’s At Shady ($74,626) $180,629 36 10 0 Hot Rageous ($94,522) $176,795

41 4 1 Capo Kane ($115,500)

$174,272 59 9 0 Unbridled Ethos ($61,184) $171,265 37 7 0 In Our A ($94,380) $168,097 6 1 1 Warren’s Showtime ($164,000) $164,000

Sire Races

Earnings/ Rnrs Won Earned Runner

1 Majestic Harbor, 2008, by Rockport Harbor 12 8 $479,590 $39,966 2 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 54 39 $1,642,671 $30,420 3 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 86 69 $2,361,794 $27,463 4 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 74 54 $1,951,801 $26,376 5 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 59 40 $1,531,412 $25,956 6 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 98 72 $2,527,788 $25,794 7 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 45 29 $1,145,823 $25,463 8 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 17 13 $405,923 $23,878 9 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 14 25 $330,864 $23,633 10 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 13 13 $297,063 $22,851 11 Bold Chieftain, 2003, by Chief Seattle 19 25 $422,371 $22,230 12 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 173 132 $3,833,722 $22,160 13 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 64 63 $1,414,627 $22,104 14 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 83 88 $1,747,845 $21,058 15 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 22 12 $460,989 $20,954 16 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 20 $608,868 $20,296 17 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 99 87 $1,950,940 $19,706 18 Phantom Wildcat, 2005, by Forest Wildcat 15 12 $290,271 $19,351 Cyclotron, 2000, by Grand Slam 26 23 $503,120 $19,351 20 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 116 97 $2,235,685 $19,273

Sire Rnrs Strts Wnrs Wins Earned

1 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 53 156 14 22 $1,076,832 2 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 38 93 13 15 $894,742 3 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 89 388 31 43 $848,544 4 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 51 102 12 14 $786,331 5 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 29 81 11 13 $761,357 6 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 30 92 7 9 $724,734 7 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 38 85 6 7 $530,556 8 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 41 91 7 9 $402,121 9 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 32 65 8 8 $297,312 10 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 7 17 2 5 $282,512 11 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 24 73 3 3 $252,003 12 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 21 40 5 6 $234,438 13 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 22 56 6 7 $233,147 14 Lakerville, 2008, by Unusual Heat 13 37 2 3 $226,458 15 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 43 96 3 6 $186,837 16 Champ Pegasus, 2006, by Fusaichi Pegasus 20 43 4 5 $177,531 17 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 12 25 4 6 $176,882 18 Circumference (IRE), 2012, by Galileo (IRE) 8 24 4 4 $148,163 19 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 25 60 1 1 $147,267 20 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 12 30 4 5 $131,856

Sire Races Rnrs Strts Won Earned

1 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 173 975 132 $3,833,722 2 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 204 1419 154 $3,078,619 3 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 98 422 72 $2,527,788 4 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 86 471 69 $2,361,794 5 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 116 637 97 $2,235,685 6 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 74 367 54 $1,951,801 7 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 99 487 87 $1,950,940 8 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 83 494 88 $1,747,845 9 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 54 285 39 $1,642,671 10 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 59 281 40 $1,531,412 11 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 64 346 63 $1,414,627 12 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 45 199 29 $1,145,823 13 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 81 428 51 $1,091,709 14 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 100 562 62 $1,068,824 15 Champ Pegasus, 2006, by Fusaichi Pegasus 67 396 46 $669,162 16 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 166 20 $608,868 17 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 60 284 32 $551,726 18 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 40 186 22 $522,941 19 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 32 151 25 $519,596 20 Cyclotron, 2000, by Grand Slam 26 144 23 $503,120 21 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 31 136 15 $497,197 22 Idiot Proof, 2004, by Benchmark 26 115 19 $494,838 23 Majestic Harbor, 2008, by Rockport Harbor 12 61 8 $479,590 24 U S Ranger, 2004, by Danzig 50 305 39 $477,164 25 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 22 57 12 $460,989 26 Lakerville, 2008, by Unusual Heat 30 181 20 $451,631 27 Bold Chieftain, 2003, by Chief Seattle 19 146 25 $422,371 28 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 17 82 13 $405,923 29 Elusive Warning, 2004, by Elusive Quality 25 181 36 $397,914 30 Smart Bid, 2006, by Smart Strike 30 139 11 $376,368 31 Southern Image, 2000, by Halo’s Image 23 162 18 $369,900 32 Anthony’s Cross, 2008, by Indian Charlie 20 104 20 $344,241 33 Northern Causeway, 2008, by Giant’s Causeway 37 215 26 $337,709 34 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 14 92 25 $330,864 35 Tom’s Tribute, 2010, by Lion Heart 21 129 15 $324,002 36 Kafwain, 2000, by Cherokee Run 25 114 23 $314,115 37 Many Rivers, 2005, by Storm Cat 17 87 15 $307,023 38 Govenor Charlie, 2010, by Midnight Lute 23 133 12 $300,743 39 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 13 76 13 $297,063 40 Phantom Wildcat, 2005, by Forest Wildcat 15 73 12 $290,271 41 Desert Code, 2004, by E Dubai 28 138 18 $289,142 42 Surf Cat, 2002, by Sir Cat 18 87 9 $275,242 43 Gervinho, 2010, by Unusual Heat 20 105 8 $260,662 44 Straight Fire, 2014, by Dominus 9 23 8 $242,501 45 Boat Trip, 2009, by Harlan’s Holiday 14 87 11 $236,006 46 Danzing Candy, 2013, by Twirling Candy 12 27 7 $215,944 47 Circumference (IRE), 2012, by Galileo (IRE) 15 73 9 $212,744

The statistics shown here are compiled by The Jockey Club Information Systems (TJCIS). While every effort is made to prevent errors and omissions, California Thoroughbred cannot guarantee their complete and total accuracy. A dagger (†) indicates a stallion that has been pensioned or has died, a dot (•) that he is now standing elsewhere (sires no longer standing in California remain on these lists until their last Cal-bred crop turns 3 years old). Freshman sires are highlighted in bold text. Earnings are from Northern Hemisphere racing and include adjusted money from Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. Adjusted earnings are put on par with average North American earnings from the previous year. The average North American purse in 2018 was $23,755 or 50% of the average purse in Japan. To put earnings on par, Japanese earnings are multiplied by 50% before being applied to the total earnings above. Hong Kong earnings are adjusted by 15%, and Singapore adjusted by 66%. Stakes winners and wins follow TJCIS stakes rules. Racing statistics through Sept. 26, 2021.

Sire

Races Rnrs Won Earned Median

1 Majestic Harbor, 2008, by Rockport Harbor 12 8 $479,590 $27,066 2 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 59 40 $1,531,412 $20,790 3 Bold Chieftain, 2003, by Chief Seattle 19 25 $422,371 $19,190 4 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 86 69 $2,361,794 $18,806 5 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 14 25 $330,864 $17,555 6 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 13 13 $297,063 $16,789 7 Boat Trip, 2009, by Harlan’s Holiday 14 11 $236,006 $13,949 8 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 54 39 $1,642,671 $13,854 9 Elusive Warning, 2004, by Elusive Quality 25 36 $397,914 $13,785 10 Danzing Candy, 2013, by Twirling Candy 12 7 $215,944 $13,500 11 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 98 72 $2,527,788 $13,496 12 Southern Image, 2000, by Halo’s Image 23 18 $369,900 $12,690 13 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 20 $608,868 $12,356 14 Surf Cat, 2002, by Sir Cat 18 9 $275,242 $11,992 15 Anthony’s Cross, 2008, by Indian Charlie 20 20 $344,241 $11,867 16 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 116 97 $2,235,685 $11,790 17 Phantom Wildcat, 2005, by Forest Wildcat 15 12 $290,271 $10,824 18 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 74 54 $1,951,801 $10,658 19 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 32 25 $519,596 $10,628 20 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 45 29 $1,145,823 $10,340 21 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 83 88 $1,747,845 $10,030

Sire Earnings Rnrs Srts Earned Start

1 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 22 57 $460,989 $8,088 2 Majestic Harbor, 2008, by Rockport Harbor 12 61 $479,590 $7,862 3 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 98 422 $2,527,788 $5,990 4 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 54 285 $1,642,671 $5,764 5 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 45 199 $1,145,823 $5,758 6 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 59 281 $1,531,412 $5,450 7 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 74 367 $1,951,801 $5,318 8 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 86 471 $2,361,794 $5,014 9 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 17 82 $405,923 $4,950 10 Idiot Proof, 2004, by Benchmark 26 115 $494,838 $4,303 11 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 64 346 $1,414,627 $4,089 12 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 99 487 $1,950,940 $4,006 13 Phantom Wildcat, 2005, by Forest Wildcat 15 73 $290,271 $3,976 14 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 173 975 $3,833,722 $3,932 15 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 13 76 $297,063 $3,909 16 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 166 $608,868 $3,668 17 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 31 136 $497,197 $3,656 18 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 14 92 $330,864 $3,596 19 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 83 494 $1,747,845 $3,538 20 Many Rivers, 2005, by Storm Cat 17 87 $307,023 $3,529

Sire Races Rnrs Wnrs Won Earned

1 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 204 99 154 $3,078,619 2 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 173 84 132 $3,833,722 3 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 116 55 97 $2,235,685 4 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 98 50 72 $2,527,788 5 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 99 47 87 $1,950,940 6 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 83 46 88 $1,747,845 7 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 86 40 69 $2,361,794 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 100 40 62 $1,068,824 9 Champ Pegasus, 2006, by Fusaichi Pegasus 67 38 46 $669,162 10 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 74 37 54 $1,951,801 11 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 64 33 63 $1,414,627 12 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 81 29 51 $1,091,709 13 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 59 28 40 $1,531,412 14 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 54 25 39 $1,642,671 15 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 60 22 32 $551,726 U S Ranger, 2004, by Danzig 50 22 39 $477,164 17 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 45 20 29 $1,145,823 18 Elusive Warning, 2004, by Elusive Quality 25 18 36 $397,914 Northern Causeway, 2008, by Giant’s Causeway 37 18 26 $337,709 20 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 32 15 25 $519,596 21 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 13 20 $608,868 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 40 13 22 $522,941

Sire Races Rnrs Srts Won Earned

1 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 204 1419 154 $3,078,619 2 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 173 975 132 $3,833,722 3 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 116 637 97 $2,235,685 4 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 83 494 88 $1,747,845 5 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 99 487 87 $1,950,940 6 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 98 422 72 $2,527,788 7 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 86 471 69 $2,361,794 8 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 64 346 63 $1,414,627 9 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 100 562 62 $1,068,824 10 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 74 367 54 $1,951,801 11 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 81 428 51 $1,091,709 12 Champ Pegasus, 2006, by Fusaichi Pegasus 67 396 46 $669,162 13 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 59 281 40 $1,531,412 14 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 54 285 39 $1,642,671 U S Ranger, 2004, by Danzig 50 305 39 $477,164 16 Elusive Warning, 2004, by Elusive Quality 25 181 36 $397,914 17 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 60 284 32 $551,726 18 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 45 199 29 $1,145,823 19 Northern Causeway, 2008, by Giant’s Causeway 37 215 26 $337,709 20 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 32 151 25 $519,596

Sire Races Rnrs Strts Won Earned

1 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 2 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 3 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 4 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer

38 128 18 $932,047 22 57 12 $460,989 14 35 6 $275,940 11 20 5 $252,530 5 Straight Fire, 2014, by Dominus 9 23 8 $242,501 6 Danzing Candy, 2013, by Twirling Candy 12 27 7 $215,944 7 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 12 28 3 $138,241 8 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 7 11 2 $109,210 9 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 5 12 2 $106,133 10 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 6 14 2 $94,136 11 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 18 57 4 $71,999 12 Desert Code, 2004, by E Dubai 4 15 3 $70,720 13 Dads Caps, 2010, by Discreet Cat 9 22 1 $69,209 14 Texas Ryano, 2011, by Curlin 2 6 1 $60,860 15 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 4 7 2 $57,818 16 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 7 16 1 $55,226 17 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 6 15 2 $55,200 18 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 10 21 2 $52,378 19 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 2 6 1 $35,170 20 U S Ranger, 2004, by Danzig 4 15 1 $34,900

Sire Races

Earnings/ Rnrs Won Earned Runner

1 Straight Fire, 2014, by Dominus 2 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 3 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 4 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song

9 8 $242,501 $26,945 38 18 $932,047 $24,528 11 5 $252,530 $22,957 5 2 $106,133 $21,227

5 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon

22 12 $460,989 $20,954 6 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 14 6 $275,940 $19,710 7 Danzing Candy, 2013, by Twirling Candy 12 7 $215,944 $17,995 8 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 6 2 $94,136 $15,689 9 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 7 2 $109,210 $15,601 10 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 12 3 $138,241 $11,520 11 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 6 2 $55,200 $9,200 12 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 7 1 $55,226 $7,889 13 Dads Caps, 2010, by Discreet Cat 9 1 $69,209 $7,690 14 Tamarando, 2011, by Bertrando 6 0 $31,780 $5,297 15 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 10 2 $52,378 $5,238 16 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 6 0 $30,810 $5,135 17 Sierra Sunset, 2005, by Bertrando 6 2 $29,936 $4,989 18 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 5 0 $20,181 $4,036 19 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 18 4 $71,999 $4,000 20 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 6 0 $11,340 $1,890

Sire Races Rnrs Wnrs Won Earned

1 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 2 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon

38 14 18 $932,047 22 12 12 $460,989 3 Straight Fire, 2014, by Dominus 9 7 8 $242,501 4 Danzing Candy, 2013, by Twirling Candy 12 6 7 $215,944 5 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 14 5 6 $275,940 6 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 11 4 5 $252,530 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 18 4 4 $71,999 8 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 5 2 2 $106,133 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 6 2 2 $94,136 Desert Code, 2004, by E Dubai 4 2 3 $70,720 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 4 2 2 $57,818 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 10 2 2 $52,378 Rousing Sermon, 2009, by Lucky Pulpit 4 2 2 $32,506 Sierra Sunset, 2005, by Bertrando 6 2 2 $29,936

Sire Races Rnrs Srts Won Earned

1 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 2 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon

38 128 18 $932,047 22 57 12 $460,989 3 Straight Fire, 2014, by Dominus 9 23 8 $242,501 4 Danzing Candy, 2013, by Twirling Candy 12 27 7 $215,944 5 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 14 35 6 $275,940 6 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 11 20 5 $252,530 7 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 18 57 4 $71,999 8 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 12 28 3 $138,241 Desert Code, 2004, by E Dubai 4 15 3 $70,720 10 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 7 11 2 $109,210 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 5 12 2 $106,133 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 6 14 2 $94,136 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 4 7 2 $57,818 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 6 15 2 $55,200 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 10 21 2 $52,378 Rousing Sermon, 2009, by Lucky Pulpit 4 7 2 $32,506 Sierra Sunset, 2005, by Bertrando 6 14 2 $29,936

Stallion (Foreign Foaled), Year, Sire Graded

Avg Named 2YO Stakes Stakes Progeny

Comp Crops Size Foals Runners Winners Winners Winners Winners Earnings AEI Index

1 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike

9 29 259 221-85% 176-68% 63-24% 18-7% 3-1% $20,618,650 1.49 1.15 2 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 9 26 232 167-72% 110-47% 22-9% 14-6% 4-2% $12,222,483 1.48 1.07 3 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 4 28 110 71-65% 45-41% 17-15% 3-3% 2-2% $4,223,116 1.40 0.91 4 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 8 18 141 76-54% 43-30% 12-9% 5-4% 1-1% $4,225,215 1.39 0.93 5 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 5 55 277 250-90% 160-58% 87-31% 10-4% 5-2% $11,882,103 1.26 0.92 6 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 6 67 402 328-82% 229-57% 76-19% 15-4% 3-1% $22,707,436 1.22 1.34 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 14 24 329 232-71% 161-49% 29-9% 12-4% 4-1% $17,019,925 1.22 1.04 8 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 12 66 790 616-78% 449-57% 125-16% 36-5% 6-1% $47,205,247 1.17 1.51 9 Eddington, 2001, by Unbridled 13 36 471 356-76% 259-55% 60-13% 12-3% 3-1% $22,425,027 1.13 1.34 10 Idiot Proof, 2004, by Benchmark 9 14 127 72-57% 50-39% 18-14% 2-2% 0-0% $3,773,341 1.10 0.93 11 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 5 17 85 42-49% 32-38% 6-7% 0-0% 0-0% $2,602,377 1.07 0.93 12 Street Hero, 2006, by Street Cry (IRE) 7 27 186 141-76% 103-55% 20-11% 7-4% 3-2% $8,656,912 1.06 0.97 13 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 6 34 202 143-71% 105-52% 30-15% 6-3% 2-1% $8,006,203 1.05 1.06 14 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 5 52 260 171-66% 104-40% 29-11% 9-3% 1-0% $9,086,832 1.04 1.01 15 Southern Image, 2000, by Halo’s Image 13 26 336 266-79% 194-58% 52-15% 7-2% 1-0% $15,773,365 1.01 1.10 16 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 6 29 175 113-65% 70-40% 10-6% 3-2% 1-1% $5,251,966 1.00 1.19 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 6 65 391 385-98% 271-69% 64-16% 3-1% 1-0% $38,569,417 1.00 1.10 18 Cyclotron, 2000, by Grand Slam 12 13 158 105-66% 81-51% 1-1% 3-2% 1-1% $6,166,594 0.97 1.09 19 † Atticus, 1992, by Nureyev 21 24 502 376-75% 232-46% 46-9% 11-2% 4-1% $15,678,348 0.96 1.33 Kafwain, 2000, by Cherokee Run 14 47 651 474-73% 350-54% 99-15% 18-3% 6-1% $22,604,143 0.96 1.16 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 7 21 148 106-72% 66-45% 16-11% 7-5% 0-0% $5,773,903 0.96 1.11 22 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 1 65 65 22-34% 12-18% 12-18% 0-0% 0-0% $460,989 0.95 1.02 † Tizbud, 1999, by Cee’s Tizzy 14 16 228 160-70% 99-43% 16-7% 7-3% 2-1% $8,203,266 0.95 0.85 24 Affrmative, 1999, by Unbridled 12 10 125 82-66% 51-41% 6-5% 2-2% 1-1% $4,409,427 0.94 0.75 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 13 40 525 422-80% 319-61% 80-15% 21-4% 2-0% $23,807,908 0.94 0.88 26 Bedford Falls, 2003, by Forestry 8 7 53 38-72% 25-47% 4-8% 1-2% 0-0% $2,451,664 0.93 0.87 Trapper, 2000, by Iron Cat 11 5 56 44-79% 33-59% 13-23% 1-2% 0-0% $2,276,026 0.93 0.76 28 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 5 61 304 237-78% 158-52% 49-16% 6-2% 1-0% $11,852,662 0.90 1.37 29 Anthony’s Cross, 2008, by Indian Charlie 5 11 57 39-68% 25-44% 5-9% 2-4% 0-0% $1,566,022 0.89 0.90 30 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 7 23 162 99-61% 74-46% 21-13% 6-4% 1-1% $4,723,096 0.88 0.95 31 Lightnin N Thunder, 2001, by Storm Cat 15 14 214 146-68% 96-45% 27-13% 6-3% 0-0% $5,888,161 0.83 1.04 32 Danzing Candy, 2013, by Twirling Candy 1 64 64 12-19% 6-9% 6-9% 0-0% 0-0% $215,944 0.82 1.16 Desert Code, 2004, by E Dubai 9 19 174 133-76% 93-53% 21-12% 4-2% 0-0% $6,468,485 0.82 0.98 Sea of Secrets, 1995, by Storm Cat 17 29 488 411-84% 297-61% 81-17% 16-3% 2-0% $19,787,007 0.82 1.03 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 9 10 87 64-74% 41-47% 17-20% 1-1% 0-0% $3,174,203 0.82 0.71 36 Surf Cat, 2002, by Sir Cat 10 14 136 88-65% 59-43% 7-5% 2-1% 2-1% $4,312,572 0.80 1.12 37 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 3 34 102 41-40% 18-18% 10-10% 2-2% 0-0% $983,853 0.78 0.84 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 5 12 58 26-45% 11-19% 2-3% 1-2% 0-0% $804,039 0.78 0.81 39 Bold Chieftain, 2003, by Chief Seattle 7 13 90 54-60% 41-46% 7-8% 1-1% 0-0% $2,787,002 0.77 0.89 40 Marino Marini, 2000, by Storm Cat 13 30 389 304-78% 229-59% 41-11% 4-1% 0-0% $13,157,475 0.74 0.91 41 Tannersmyman, 1998, by Lord Carson 16 11 181 138-76% 96-53% 24-13% 3-2% 1-1% $6,152,623 0.73 0.69 42 Grace Upon Grace, 2007, by Rio Verde 8 7 59 42-71% 20-34% 9-15% 1-2% 0-0% $1,412,969 0.71 0.89 43 Circumference (IRE), 2012, by Galileo (IRE) 3 19 57 17-30% 7-12% 0-0% 0-0% 0-0% $430,600 0.70 0.80 Fullbridled, 2001, by Unbridled’s Song 11 8 85 46-54% 29-34% 3-4% 0-0% 0-0% $1,463,389 0.70 0.83 45 Lakerville, 2008, by Unusual Heat 4 18 70 43-61% 22-31% 3-4% 1-1% 0-0% $1,265,034 0.69 1.21 46 Golden Balls (IRE), 2004, by Danehill Dancer (IRE) 8 8 64 46-72% 23-36% 2-3% 0-0% 0-0% $1,319,625 0.65 0.69 47 Govenor Charlie, 2010, by Midnight Lute 3 20 61 37-61% 17-28% 10-16% 1-2% 0-0% $855,742 0.64 0.76 Mast Track, 2004, by Mizzen Mast 7 8 59 46-78% 31-53% 6-10% 0-0% 0-0% $1,611,287 0.64 0.84 Onebadshark, 2000, by Diligence 13 4 53 42-79% 33-62% 6-11% 1-2% 0-0% $1,453,690 0.64 1.00

These statistics are for active California-based sires with a minimum of 50 foals of racing age, ranked here by their lifetime Average Earnings Index (AEI.) The statistics shown here are compiled by The Jockey Club Information Systems (TJCIS). While every effort is made to prevent errors and omissions, California Thoroughbred cannot guarantee their complete and total accuracy. A dagger (†) indicates a stallion that has been pensioned or has died, a dot (•) that he is now standing elsewhere (sires no longer standing in California remain on these lists until their last Cal-bred crop turns 3 years old). Freshman sires are highlighted in bold text.. Statistics cover racing in North America (U.S., Canada and Puerto Rico), England, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) only. Stakes winners and wins follow TJCIS stakes rules.

Date Track Stakes (Grade) Conditions Distance Added Value

1 SA American Pharoah Stakes (Gr. I) 1 SA Chandelier Stakes (Gr. II) 2-y-o 2-y-o f. 1 1⁄16 m. $300,000 1 1⁄16 m. $200,000

1 SA Eddie D. Stakes (Gr. II) 3-y-o & up 6 1⁄2 f. (T) $200,000

1 SA Speakeasy Stakes 2 SA Awesome Again Stakes (Gr. I) 2-y-o 3-y-o & up

5 f. (T) $100,000 1 1⁄8 m. $300,000 2 SA Rodeo Drive Stakes (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 1 1⁄4 m. (T) $300,000 2 SA Santa Anita Sprint Championship (Gr. II) 3-y-o & up 6 f. $200,000 2 SA John Henry Turf Championship (Gr. II) 3-y-o & up 1 1⁄4 m. (T) $200,000 2 SA City of Hope Mile (Gr. II) 3-y-o & up 1 m. (T) $200,000 3 SA Zenyatta Stakes (Gr. II) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 1 1⁄16 m. $200,000 3 SA Chillingworth Stakes (Gr. III) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 6 1⁄2 f. $100,000 3 SA Surfer Girl Stakes 2-y-o f. 1 m. (T) $200,000 3 SA Zuma Beach Stakes 2-y-o 1 m. (T) $200,000 3 SA Unzip Me Stakes 3-y-o f. 6 1⁄2 f. (T) $75,000

Golden Gate Fields, Berkeley Los Angeles County Fair at Los Alamitos, Los Alamitos Santa Anita Park, Arcadia Big Fresno Fair, Fresno Golden Gate Fields, Berkeley Del Mar Thoroughbred Club, Del Mar Los Alamitos Race Course, Los Alamitos Aug. 27-Oct. 3 Sept. 10-26 Oct. 1-31 Oct. 8-17 Oct. 20-Dec. 21 Nov. 3-28 Dec. 1-14

CTBA WINTER MIXED SALE Pomona, Calif.

(ENTRIES CLOSE DEC. 1)

3-Year-Olds & Up 6 furlongs

3-Year-Olds & Up 6 furlongs

3-Year-Olds & Up, Fillies and Mares 61∕2 furlongs (Turf )

3-Year-Olds & Up 61∕2 furlongs (Turf )

2-Year-Old Fillies 7 furlongs

2-Year-Olds 7 furlongs

3-Year-Olds & Up, Fillies and Mares 7 furlongs

3-Year-Olds & Up 7 furlongs

Date Track Stakes (Grade) Conditions Distance Added Value

9 SA Swingtime Stakes 9 Fno Harris Farms Stakes 16 SA California Distaff Handicap 17 SA California Flag Handicap 17 Fno The Bulldog Stakes 23 SA Lure Stakes 24 SA Anoakia Stakes 30 SA Autumn Miss Stakes (Gr. II) 30 GGF Pike Place Dancer Stakes 31 SA Twiight Derby (Gr. II) 31 GGF El Dorado Shooter Stakes 3 Dmr Seashell Stakes 4 Dmr Let It Ride Stakes 3-y-o & up, f. & m.

1 m. (T) 3-y-o & up, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 6 f.

$70,000 $75,000 3-y-o & up, f. & m. Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 6 1⁄2 f. (T) $100,000 3-y-o & up, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 6 1⁄2 f. (T) $100,000 3-y-o & up 3-y-o & up 2-y-o f. 1 1⁄8 m. $75,000 1 m. (T) $70,000 6 f. $75,000

3-y-o f. 1 m. (T) $100,000

2-y-o f. 3-y-o

1 m. (T) $75,000 1 1⁄8 m. (T) $200,000 3-y-o & up, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 6 f. $75,000

3-y-o & up, f. & m. 3-y-o 1 m.

$100,000 1 m. (T) $100,000

5 Dmr TVG Breeders’ Cup Juvenile Presented by TAA (Gr. I) 2-y-o 1 1⁄16 m. $2,000,000

5 Dmr Breeders’ Cup Juvenile Fillies (Gr. I) 2-y-o f. 5 Dmr Breeders’ Jup Juvenile Fillies Turf (Gr. I) 2-y-o f. 5 Dmr Breeders’ Cup Juvenile Turf (Gr. I) 2-y-o 5 Dmr Breeders’ Cup Juvenile Turf Sprint (Gr. II) 2-y-o 5 Dmr Senator Ken Maddy Stakes (Gr. III) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 1 1⁄16 m. $2,000,000 1 m. (T) $1,000,000 1 m. (T) $1,000,000 5 f. $1,000,000

5 f. (T) $200,000

5 Dmr Golden State Juvenile Fillies 2-y-o f, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 7 f. $175,000

5 Dmr Golden State Juvenile Stakes 2-y-o, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 7 f. $175,000

5 Dmr Qatar Golden Mile Stakes

2-y-o 6 Dmr Longines Breeders’ Cup Classic (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up 6 Dmr Longines Breeders’ Cup Turf (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up 6 Dmr Longines Breeders’ Cup Distaff (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 6 Dmr Fanduel Breeders’ Cup Mile Presented by PDJF (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up 1 m. (T) $150,000 1 1⁄4 m. $6,000,000 1 1⁄2 m. (T) $4,000,000 1 1⁄8 m. $2,000,000 1 m. (T) $2,000,000

6 Dmr Maker’s Mark Breeders’ Cup Filly & Mare Turf (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up, f. & m.

6 Dmr Breeders’ Cup Sprint (Gr. I)

3-y-o & up 6 Dmr Breeders’ Cup Turf Sprint (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up 6 Dmr Breeders’ Cup Filly & Mare Sprint (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 6 Dmr Big Ass Fans Breeders’ Cup Dirt Mile (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up 6 Dmr Goldikova Stakes (Gr. II) 3-y-o & up, f. & m.

6 Dmr TAA Stakes (Gr. II) 6 GGF Joseph T. Grace Stakes 3-y-o & up 3-y-o & up 1 1⁄8 m. (T) $2,000,000 6 f. $2,000,000 5 f. (T) $1,000,000 7 f. $1,000,000 1 m. $1,000,000 1 m. (T) $300,000 1 5⁄8 m. $250,000 1 1⁄16 m. (T) $50,000

7 Dmr Betty Grable Stakes 3-y-o & up, f. & m. Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 7 f. $100,000

13 Dmr Dezi Arnaz Stakes 2-y-o f. 7 f. $100,000

13 GGF Golden Nugget Stakes 2-y-o 6 f. $50,000

14 Dmr Bob Hope Stakes (Gr. III) 20 Dmr Native Diver Stakes (Gr. III) 20 GGF Oakland Stakes 21 Dmr Cary Grant Stakes 25 Dmr Red Carpet Stakes (Gr. III) 26 Dmr Hollywood Turf Cup (Gr. II) 26 GGF Golden Gate Debutante 27 Dmr Hollywood Derby (Gr. I) 27 Dmr Seabiscuit Handicap (Gr. II) 27 Dmr Jimmy Durante Stakes (Gr. III) 2-y-o 7 f. $100,000

3-y-o & up 3-y-o & up 1 1⁄8 m. $100,000 6 f. $50,000

3-y-o & up, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 7 f. $100,000

3-y-o & up, f. & m. 3-y-o & up 2-y-o f. 1 3⁄8 m. (T) $100,000 1 1⁄2 m. (T) $250,000 6 f. $50,000

3-y-o 3-y-o & up 2-y-o f. 1 1⁄8 m. (T) $400,000 1 1⁄16 m. (T) $250,000 1 m. (T) $100,000

27 GGF Berkeley Handicap (Gr. III) 28 Dmr Matriarch Stakes (Gr. I)

3-y-o & up 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 28 Dmr Cecil B. DeMille Stakes (Gr. III) 2-y-o 1 1⁄16 m. $100,000 1 m. (T) $400,000 1 m. (T) $100,000

NOTE: Inside Back Cover, IBC; Outside Back Cover, OBC; Inside Front Cover, IFC This index is provided as a service. The publisher does not assume liability for errors or ommissions. (Bold fgures indicate a page that features a stallion)

Arroyo Vista ...............................................................21,28 Auburn Laboratories Inc. ..............................................11 Backyard Race Horse.....................................................65 Barton Thoroughbreds..................................................29 Bella Equine-Amanda Navarro .....................................65 BG Thoroughbred Farm.............................................7,30 Bonnie Acres Ranch.......................................................31 Breeders’ Cup Limited ..................................................15 Cal- Bred Yarling Registration Deadline ....................10, Compas (Jeannie Garr Roddy) .....................................65 CTBA 2022 Stallion Directory .......................................12 CTBA February 2022 Mixed Sale..................................51 CTBA Foal Registration.................................................10 Daehling Ranch.................................................IBC, 32,64 E.A. Ranches ..................................................................33 Eddie Rich - Thoroughbred Trainer..............................64 Equineline.com ..............................................................49 Farmers Insurance-Sue Hubbard..................................65 Gayle Van Leer Thoroughbred Services ......................65 Golden State Stakes......................................................47 Greg Fanning Thoroughbred Farm..............................34 Harris Farms ........................................................... IFC, 35 horselawyers.com ..........................................................65 Laurel Fowler Insurance Broker Inc ..............................65 Legacy Ranch .............................................................9, 36 Lovacres Ranch .................................................... OBC,37 Milky Way Farm........................................................38, 45 Newfeld Farm................................................................65 NTRA-John Deere .........................................................57 Rancho San Miguel........................................................39 Red Cliffs Racing, Inc.....................................................64 Robins Ranches-Nor Cal Horse Property Specialist ..64 Silver D Bar Training Center..........................................40 Tommy Town Thoroughbreds...................................5, 41 Victory Rose Thoroughbreds ........................................42

Capital Account ...............................................................7 Cistron ............................................................... IFC Faversham .......................................................... IBC Fighting Hussar................................................................7 Gato Del Oro (KY)............................................................7 Govenor Charlie........................................................ OBC Grace Upon Grace.................................................... OBC Kafwain .............................................................................5 King Of Jazz (ARG) ..........................................................7 Ministers Wild Cat ...........................................................5 Mr.Big .................................................................... 9 Oscar Nominated ............................................................7 Phantom Boss ........................................................... OBC Sawyers Hill ........................................................ 45 Smokem..................................................................... OBC Stanford................................................................. 5 Stay Thirsty....................................................... OBC Texas Ryano ......................................................... 21 Unusual Heatwave ...........................................................7

Daehling Ranch • Elk Grove, California • www.daehlingranch.com Daehling Ranch • Elk Grove, California • www.daehlingranch.com Daehling Ranch • Elk Grove, California • www.daehlingranch.com Faversham Booking Manager Lisa Groothedde • (626) 340-8695 • lisa@thoroughbredinfo.com Faversham Booking Manager Lisa Groothedde • (626) 340-8695 • lisa@thoroughbredinfo.com Faversham Booking Manager Lisa Groothedde • (626) 340-8695 • lisa@thoroughbredinfo.com