Cape froward private reserve

Natural Reserve Cape Froward “where América is born”

Web site: http://cabofroward.com/ User:froward Pasword:reservafroward2020 Country: Chile, South América State: Magallanes, Patagonia City: Punta Arenas, Magellan Strait Adress: Colon Av. 452, +56 9 96404596 Email: director@cabofroward.com

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1.

Introduction

In the southern area of the American Continent, where America is born, there is a property of more than 93.000 hectares. It is one of the most important pieces of land of the Patagonia and the country. Such pieces of land have a strategic location, which are ideal for the development of tourism projects focus on landscapes, conservation of the flora and fauna, and the development of projects for carbon credit taking advantage of the austral American continent.

Image of the Patagonian southern part of the American continent, and its southernmost point: “Cape Froward”

The land has big attributes. It is only 100 km of the south of Punta Arenas, the capital of Patagonia; it has a strategic location on the board coast. This land has a geographic area where America begins (Cabo Froward). It possesses beautiful landscapes made by 5 rivers, (San Nicolas, Nodales, Del Oro, San José, and San Bernabé), a rich flora and fauna in the promenade and in the interior, all these elements make the Cape Froward an unique place in the world.

The coastline is used as a departure point for expeditions and travels to “Isla Carlos III” (it was established as The Francisco Coloane Marine Park. This park counts with humpback whale watching and several sub-Antarctic marine species), the Darwin`s mountain range with its impressive glaciers and Magdalena canal with its uncountable islands at the south of the Magellan’s Strait.

On the other hand, the tourism market of the Magallanes region has special interests; the market has increased significantly in the last few years making Patagonia a more required objective each time. Moreover, the exploitation of parks has been a great success such as the Torres del Paine National Park.

As mentioned above The Natural reserve Cape Froward is a territorial area with the potential to become the most important conservation and tourism forest in the provincial zone of Magallanes Information in http://cabofroward.com/froward/ User: froward Pasword: reservafroward2020

in the Brunswick peninsula.

The national reserve Cape Froward is located in the south part of Brunswick peninsula, and its 93.492 hectares are found on an area that starts approximately 44 kilometers southeast of Fort Bulnes and Port Famine. Both places are significant for the historical takeover of Magellan’s Strait for the Chilean State. Its position starts in the south of San Nicolas River and Cape Forward as last point of reference in the Austral American continent being the “Cruz de los Mares” located on the top of Cape Froward.

The park’s lands are completely virgin and it has beautiful landscapes for the improvement of tourism. The Magellan’s Strait view from the board coast is unique and special and the perspective observed from the top of Cape Froward reaches all the south part of the strait, Darwin’s mountains rage, Magdalena canal, and the island placed in the south of Drake’s sea which is a maritime pass through Antarctic.

Our park has the southernmost geographic milestone in the whole continent; in addition the sightseeing with an assortment of flora, where the temperate and humid forests belong to the end of the continent, they reached the sea in the coast of Magellan’s Strait, besides the diverse fauna mainly marine which was the base of nomadic canoeist . Furthermore, it was part of interesting tales and anecdotes in the area of the discovery with facts that occurred in the area since the Magellan’s Strait made this place the proper area for the development of the tourism interest focus.

As a matter of fact, in the following few years The Natural Reserved Cape Froward will have a significant development and valorization, what is more, the usage of this area as an attraction will develop tourism and natural conservation of the forests, constituting one of the most important projects in the last few years in Patagonian region.

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The lands of the reserve are property of “Reserva Natural Cabo Froward Sociedad Anonima” company which acquired the lands in the month of August of 2014. The domain titles are updated and are attached in the annex. The properties are without mortgage and encumbrance. The owner company is an anonym closed society which works in the city of Punta Arenas and its stockholders are from the same area.

2. - Location and demarcation The park is located about 100 kilometers south Punta Arenas, at south of Brunswick peninsula.

Its north boundary is based on the margin of south San Nicolas River which begins approximately 2.3 kilometers from the board coast. The park reaches from the board coast and passing 1, 9 kilometers of Bahia Rosas, to Bahia San Miguel approximately 55 kilometers of the board coast.

The Natural Reserved Cape Froward is formed by 3 adjacent properties located in the administrated division of Punta Arenas, Magellan’s province. They have the followings demarcations and descriptions:

2.1 Property denominated lot 12, Cape Froward: Real state located in the administrated division of Punta Arenas, Magellan’s province, in the area denominated “Cape Froward”. It corresponds to LOTE NOMBER 12 of the map plan 6, of a surface about 47.000 hectares approximately whose denominated and special dimensions are part of the plan attached at the end of The Register of Real States of Magallanes, in the year 1982, under the Nº77, and they are the following: NORTH, LOT Nº9 OF THE MAP PLAN 6; EAST, lot 13 of plan 6 that has a lagoon without name and lot 13 of plan 6; SOUTH, lot without number of plan 70, Magellan’s Strait in the line of 8 meters of the maximum regular tides, with lot Nº8 of plan Nº17 and Magellan’s Strait from line to 8 meters of maximum regular tides, WEST, lot Nº11 of the map plan Nº6.

Froward Cape area images

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2.2 Property denominated lot 8, “Rio del Oro” Real state located in the administrative division of Punta Arenas, Magellan’s Province, in the area denominated “Cape Froward”. It corresponds to LOT NUMBER 8 of plan 17, of a surface about 1.300 hectares approximately whose demarcations and special dimensions are part of the map plan attached at the end of The Register of Real States of Magallanes, in the year 1982, under the Nº77; they are following: at NORTH, EAST and WEST, with the lot Nº12 OF THE PLAN 6 and at SOUTH, with the Magellan’s Strait from the line to 8 meters of maximum regular tides.

Gold River images

2.3 Property denominated lot 7, San Miguel.

Real state located in the administrative division of Punta Arenas, Magellan’s Province, in the area denominated San Miguel port, named as Lot Nº7 attached individually in the map plan at the end of The Property Register in 1992 of The Register of Real States of Magallanes with the Nº 14 whose demarcations and dimensions are the following: North, lot 6 of plan XII-2-344 in a straight line; this begins from de lot 9 and the lot 12 of the map plan 6 separated by a straight line; South, Chilean Sea (Paso Inglés) divided by the sinuous line of 80 meters of the highest tide, lot 10 of the plan XII-2-344, divided by the gorge line of three traces, and the Chilean Sea (Paso Inglés), divided by the sinuous line of 80 meters of the highest tide, West, Chilean Sea (Bahía Condes) San Miguel Port, divided by the sinuous line of 80 meters of highest tide, San Bernabé River which is divided by lot 11 of plan XII-2-344, in the sinuous line, and lot 11 plan of plan XII-2-344, divided by a straight line. Surface 45.192 hectares.

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San Miguel Bay and San BernabĂŠ River images

Details of surface and property: Hectares according to the domain titles Lot No 7 San Miguel Lot No 12 Cape Froward Lot No 8 Rio del Oro

45.192 47.000 1.300 93.492

The surface of 93.492 hectares is related to what is established on the domain tittles when the property and lot were established in the decade of 1970, regarding the old cartographical system which was less effective than nowadays. In fact, all the cartographical reports done by the actual owners have determined that the total surface is compared with the previous plan registered in the Real State (which is an older plan, with updated satellite images which let us considerate that the real surface of the park is about 97.776,27 hectares).

3.- Accesses to the Natural Reserve Cape Froward In order to be able to access to the property that constitute the Natural Reserved, there are 3 possible accesses.

3.1 Aerial Way. The fastest way to access form Punta Arenas is by using a helicopter from the city of Punta Arenas to The Cape Froward areas whose trip takes about 20 minutes approximately.

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3.2 Maritime Way. In order to enter to the park using the sea; it can be used different types of watercrafts such as: yacht, tourism ships, speed boat, which can be rented in the city of Punta Arenas, thus the trip can be scheduled.

The start points of the navigation can start from Punta Arenas, located approximately 100 kilometers from Cape Froward, Bahia Mansa (Fort Bulnes), or proximately from Bahía El Aguila where is expected to have it in the year 2016. This new access is being build form the Chilean State to Cape Froward.

Coast border images

Navigation table passing through the Magellan’s Strait to different interest points of the Park.

Boarding from Punta Arenas Boarding from Bahía Mansa Boarding from Bahía El Aguila

To San Nicolás River (Northwest boundary of the park)

To Cabo Froward (Southernmost point of the American continent)

To Río del Oro (Area of interest of the central park)

To Bahia Cordes (west boundary of the park)

80 Kms 3,6 Hrs 31 Kms 1,4 Hrs 12 Kms 35 min.

100 Kms 4,5 Hrs 44 Kms 2 Hrs 26 Kms 1,2 Hrs

112 Kms 5 Hrs 56 Kms 2,6 Hrs 38 Kms 1,8 Hrs

147 Kms 7 Hrs 91 Kms 4 Hrs 73 Kms 3,3 Hrs

The table mentioned above is regarding to the approximate time of navigation using a smallest watercraft with an average of 12 miles per hour. Those distances can be circumstantial lower by using faster watercrafts such as ferries and speed boats.

It can be claimed the pass from Cape Froward depends on the navigation conditions. The access to Cape Froward is permanent.

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The water route allows the navigation from the board coast of the Magellan’s Strait; the navigation is in the south part of the Strait, allowing the boarding of passengers in the previous points. Punta Arenas takes more time to navigate in comparison to take the water route in Bahía El Aguila which allows diminishing the time to navigate. This is required by smaller tourism ships that are used in the area, making the boarding process safer for the tourists, saving time and giving more security to the passengers.

3.3.-By land through trekking circuit Indeed, it is also possible to access to Punta Arenas by land, using a vehicle until the area of Rio San Pedro (soon it will be possible to arrive to Bahia el Aguila) and then continue by land doing trekking through the circuit already designed and implemented by the Ministry of National Assets denominated Patrimonial routes by fiscal land.

With reference to this, it can be possible to use the Patrimonial Route Cape Froward in all the trekking circuit which begins in the milestone Nº1 in San Pedro River and ends, after 44,7 km of trekking in the “Cruz de los Mares” in Cape Froward or milestone Nº20. These lands are a Natural Reserve Cape Froward’s property.

4.- Potential devilment of the Natural Reserve of Forwards Cape.

As we have stated, the activity which have more potential in the land of the Natural Reserved is the tourism development of the Park that is located in the Brunswick Peninsula. The adjacent properties are more than 93.000 hectares having the central axis the Cape Froward which is an integral part of the society.

The park can improve the tourism, and especially in the tourism area for foreign visitors who desire to visit the farthest point of the American continent. Our company highlights that here is “where America is born” at the moment of visiting Cape Froward and its surrounding.

By its geographic characteristics of flora and fauna, it covers a special interest for the tourists who have exceptional ecological interests, the observation of the austral continent landscapes, flora and fauna, and navigation. This branch of tourism let the development of tourism sustainability, making sure the conservation of the natural patrimony.

It can be developed in different tourism products such as: trekking circuits in the entire board coast. In addition to this, it can be added the navigation circuits of the Magellan’s Strait and the observation circuits of birds and flora. From the area of Cape Froward, it can be done different navigation circuits in the Magellan’s Strait; moreover, the navigation and climb the Cape Froward up to the Carlos III island. At the end, we can also navigate De Agostini Park using a kayak along the maritime coast and rivers.

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Carbon Credit.

Last but not least, concerning the tourism development, nowadays there is a significant potential of future business in the area of commercialization of Carbon credits. Nowadays they are required for the companies and international institutions.

The development of projects that are related with ERDD+ (Emission reduction of deforestation and degradation); it possible to access in Chile to the Carbon Credit Market for forests and native forestation business. Furthermore, we can consider that it counts with the support of fiscal institutions such as CONAF and the presence of VCS (Verified Carbon Standard).

Taxable profits The expansion of projects of inversion in the “Region de Magallanes” has important taxable profits given by the State of Chile, with a time frame relevant for big inversions.

5.- Physic Environment of the land which conforms the Natural Reserved Cape Froward

5.1 Climate characteristics In the studied area in winter and summer, it dominates a system of air masses of Antarctic Ocean with conditions of southeast wind, thus generating the lowest temperatures of the area. These temperatures can reach until minus 20º degrees. The regional weather diversity is reflected in other aspects such as, lower temperatures, and severe wind during the whole year, being possible to distinguish the following types of weather: steppe cold semi arid, trans-Andean, high altitude cold, cold mild, and tundra humid. Related to the studied area, it means the coast area of the Brunswik peninsula, between Punta Arenas and Cape Froward reaches the Occidental area of the archipelago whose weather is cold, humid and rainy, with precipitations that can reach the 3.500 millimeters a year. In this area there are low temperatures and strong wind during the entire year.

In general, the precipitations decreased from occident to orient, and the temperatures get higher in the same direction (PRDU, 2006).

5.2 Geomorphology The Natural reserved is located in the Patagonian Mountain Range. In this sector, it covers a medium strip of land in the south board and in the east of the peninsula in an orientation of NWSW direction. In the point of the local modeling, it is possible to observe the glaciers in all the area specially, the Glaciers Valley of the Nodales River, San Nicolas, “Rio de Oro”, San Jose River, and San Bernabe River. What is more, these ones approximately match with the area of Mesozoic rock sediment. The valleys mentioned before, divide a set of perpendicular mountain strip which has differential erosion. This erosion is produced due to gradient relief and the type hog-backs. From the point of view of morphodynamic, there are almost none hill sides and slopes, the aggradations processes are over the disaggradations processes, which are represented Information in http://cabofroward.com/froward/ User: froward Pasword: reservafroward2020

in a mature relief with a large and profuse vegetable cover. Only on the top of some hills, it can be seen a positive dynamic ladders in restricted places, because it is manifested in the landslides and the accumulation detritus material (MOP, 2001). Finally, the glaciers valley that are in the area, they present a mature and planiform relief and which is inherited by the successive ice ages that build the landscapes of the region which did not have any positive morphodynamical activity.

At the same way, the principal water flows presents a balance of negative dissection. This situation manifests in the meandering shape of water flows in the main rivers in most of its path through the ocean (MOP, 2001).

5.3 Geology The analyzed lands are located in the extreme south of Brunswick Peninsula, and it presents a relative different and complex geology. From the Jurassic to the lower tertiary, the entire Peninsula was in a gradual shape, from SW to NE. including the Geo Synclinal “Magallanico� and its stages Eugo Synclinal. Therefore, the majority of the rocks are made of sedimentary maritime nature with a several metamorphism grades (MOP, 2001). During the lower cretaceous, it starts ruling a convergent tectonic which creates the some tectonic structures generating interweaving of the sedimentary of the medium cretaceous lower tertiary through the internal deformation. Since the upper cretaceous, the contraction starts involving the bedrock which is elevated thousand of meters over the regional level by the reactivation of the normal faults. The addition of both events created the folded strip and the Magellan’s fault (MOP, 2001).

Perspective Brunswick area images

In this context of evolution and geologicalprocess, the study in the zone has revealed the predomination of maritime sediments from the cretaceous and tertiary period. Furthermore, the stratigraphic units are built by rocks presented in the eminent maritime environment which are related to geryshale slaties stratified with layers of sandstone and topsoil (MOP, 2001). Finally, the geological formation present in the protected area, form older to newer are: i) Froward Formation ii); Nodales Formation iii); Rosa Formation iv); Fuentes Formation and; v) Rocky Formation (MOP, 2001).

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5.4 Hydrography.

The hydrographic system can be classified in different areas in which the superficial waters are released. So it can be distinguished the river subsystems of the interior tributaries waterways of the Atlantic and lacustrine. Related to area of study, it is part of two hydrographic sub-basins which belong to basins denominated “Blanca Estrecho de Magallanes” Lagoon: the coast and oriental islands of the Brunswick Peninsula and the coast of the Magellan’s Strait and the Brunswick Peninsula. In this maritime influenced demarked areas, the water resources corresponds to small streams which have a continuous system through the whole year, but its contribution is weak. In the oriental coast of the Brunswick peninsula and faced the Magellan’s Strait, it is the most important river called San Juan River which disgorges in the Magellan’s Strait about 55 km south of the city of Punta Arenas. Other important rivers in the area are Las Minas, Leñadura, Tres Brazos, San Pedro, Yumbel, De Gennes, Del Oro, San Jose and San Bernabé, all of them disgorge in the Magellan’s Strait.

6.- Biological Medial 6.1 Flora and Vegetation Regarding to the vegetable classification of Gajardo, the studied area is denominated by the vegetation formation of Siempre verde de Magallanes Woods (Luembert&Plicoff, 2004). The area is covered by vegetation, mainly forests and peat bogs; Magellan coigue forests in the coast line and Ciperaceas peat bogs and Sphagnum in the depressions of the valleys. Formations of adult native forest can be seen in the surrounding areas of the water courses, this forest is also called gallery forest and its main biological functions are: bank protection, organic matter or debris to the aquatic ecosystems and habitat for numerous species of flora and fauna. The dominant species of this type of forest are Magellan coigue (Nothofagusbetuloides) and canelo (Drimyswinteri).

Apart from this, there is a great proportion of Sphagnumpeat bogs, mainly in the areas with less drainage, mesetas and valley bottoms, and therefore, of better accumulation of rain water. A stuntedlenga and ñirre forest and a humid steppe grow over the tree limit (Henríquez, 2005). On the other hand and according to Pisano`s (1972) phytosociological classification and Dollenz (1983) in the area of study which is represented by the following vegetation forms:

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-

“Siempre verde” Magellan’s Forest Nothofagusbetuloides (coihue) Pilgerodendronuviferum Forest (guaiteca’s cypress) Mangroves of ñirre/lenga Forest Tundra Magallánica, Tundra Esfagnosa y Tundra Pulviniforme Complex Herbaceouscoast infra, supra e intermarealcomunity Coast Bushes

In the table the land surfaces by category, being captured by the photo implementation of the satellites images is the following:

Adult native forest renoval semi - dense Native Semi - dense scrubby forest Dense Native Forest(Lenga andCoigue) Native scrubby dense Forest Renovaldense Open Scrub Meadow Arborescent dense Scrub Open Arborescent Scrub Lagoons Peat bogs Andinian Desert Others no assest Total

Lot Nº 7 San Lot 12º Lot 8º, Río Total Miguel.

Froward Cape del Oro. surface 1.939,92 2.437,94 27,44 4.405,30 3.245,07

1.353,83

34,74

5.828,55

8.623,19

14.451,74

5.415,08 221,36 4.229,97 2.249,10 538,27 516,74 8.428,66 10.832,35 1.953,60 45.398,67

6.916,49 167,06 1.652,66 5.878,53 133,52 7,16 4.681,35 11.536,72 7.759,80 51.148,25

12.331,57 388,42 5.905,67 8.197,29 729,53 523,90 13.488,97 22.581,67 10.143,56 97.781,24

23,04 69,66 57,74 378,96 212,60 430,20 1.234,32

4.633,64

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The flora registered in the studied area is composed by around 90% of native taxons of Chile, which indicates the high level of naturalness of the evaluated area.

There are three kind of species Hymenophyllum y Grammitis magellanica, which are related to lichens ferns especially to Magellan’s Coigüe. Furthermore, its conservation depends on the treatment apply to most of the surface of Magellan’s Coigüe Forest. In spite of the spicies Drimyswinteriy Maytenus magellanica listed as vulnerable in the region, they take an important part of the formation of Magellan’s Coigüe. At the end, it is important to highlight the processes of Guaitecas cypress in the studied place (Pilgerodendron uviferum). In the field, adult specimens were found with considerable size and diameter of the peat bogs trunk ecotone and the Nothofagus Forest. This specie is not categorized in “El Libro Rojo de la Flora Terrestre de Chile” (Benoit, 1989); however, it is part of the “Lista Roja deUICN”. In relation to the Forest area, it is important to mention that in the last period the forestall activity caused important effects on the formations of Magallanican coihue of the Burswick peninsula and Guaitecas the cypress, without referring to reliable information about the production made by the sawmills which operated in the area. The Guaitecas cypress was common in the board coast, what is more, it is the most Austral conifer in the world; moreover, it can be associated with the peat in the recent past in which was overexploited in order to get lamp posts (Ruiz and Doberti, 2007).

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6.2 Fauna In the analyzed lands, it is possible to identify fifty two spices of birds in the area. Being a coast area, specially the one associated with a sturgeon zone, and the formation of coihe-canelo in precious environments and habitats for these species (Ruiz and Dorbeti, 2007). The singularly of the environments made this place and ideal an attractive of the bird diversity point of view. The coast meadow, because of the low surface, works as ecotones with meadows and maritime coast species. Regarding to terrestrial mammals, it was detected the presence, through the steps and excrement, of the Culpeo fox and Puma, being these registers the second on the peat environment.

Besides the presence of the Huemuls, in a low density, are living in the inside of studied area (Ruiz and Doberti, 2007). Regarding to maritime mammals, it was detected the presence of three species, being the chungungo sensible because it is leaving near the coast, especially in a sturgeon zone. On the other hand, it was identified two species of native rodents, being the Olygoryzomis longicaudatos the most abundant and cosmopolitan in the fiscal land. Concerning the invasive fauna, it was observed evidence of the presence of beavers with no recent activity.

From all the identified species, there are only eight that can be classified in a category of the national or international conservation, being the chungugo and the huemul the one to be highlighted. Finally, the information related to the bibliographic review, and the records researched in the study of the “Linea de Base� on the fiscal land. Moreover, the activities developed in the land and the knowledge of the previous consulter in the work field. It is possible to identify that they are related to some habitats the following emblematic species: Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus), Carpintero Negro (Campephilus magellanicus), and Puma (Puma concolor) y Chungungo (Lontrafelina).

Birds, Patagonic Huemul and whales of Coloane Park pictures

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Fauna species, habitat and conservation condition.

Name

Presence

Kind of habitat

Conservation condition

Huemul

Sighting, pawprint and excrements in area peat which is on the way San Nicolás bay and Tarn mountain track.

It is in danger according to “Libro Rojo de Vertebrados Terrestres de Chile (Glade,A. 1988) It is threatened according to “Listas Rojas de UICN”

Carpintero Negro

Sighting in coast border land Punta Arbol.

It prefers associations of Nothofagus, coigue of Magallanes and Lenga together with thickets (López et. al., 1998). In Froward, it has been observed in open spaces, principally on the peat borders that are found in high areas.

Dense Forests of the type Nothofagus which have old trees in decomposition.

Puma

Pawprints and excrements.

Vulnerable according to “Libro Rojo de Vertebrados Terrestres de Chile (Glade,A. 1988). It is closed to be threatened according to “Listas Rojas de UICN

Chugungo

Literature mentions its presence in studied coast area (Texera, 1973; Sielfeld et. al., 1999)

According to Iriarte (1991) in National Park Torres del Paine rests on groves, dense deciduous forest of Nothofagus and hunting in pastureland during Texera night (1973) it informs that it is in Cape Froward, in Nothofagus formation and pasturelands.

Mouth Confluences of sweet water river in the border coast.

It is vulnerable according to “Listas Rojas de UICN”

Vulnerable according to “Libro Rojo de Vertebrados Terrestre de Chile (Glade,A. 1988) It is threatened with extinction as the “Listas Rojas de UICN” mentions.

Source. It was prepared by the author based on bibliographic review and plot of lands observation.

According to Ruizz and Doberti (2007), the species that are classified under any conservation criterion are the following: Theristicus melanopis (vulnerable), Strixrufipes (inadequately known), Campephilus magellanicus (vulnerable), Abrothrixlongipilis (inadequately known), Puma concolor (vulnerable) and Hippocamelus bisulcus (in danger). Concerning the species detected in terrestrial lands (including chungungo because it lives in the coast), it is observed that 8 of them are classified under any conservation criterion. This represents the 14% of the native fauna registered in Cape forward. Among the species of national and international importance for their conservation, the chungungo and the huemul are highlighted. Regarding to IUCN (Unión Mundial para la Naturaleza) the chungungo is classified as threatened with extinction due to a reduction in its population size ≥ 80%. It is projected in 10 years or 3 generations based on a declination in the distribution area or in its habitat quality and by the effect of introduced taxes,

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hybridization, illnesses, pollutants, rivals or parasitic.

7.- Ecology value of the pieces of lands and potentials.

The pieces of lands of the reserve in Cape Froward are part of a major ecology unit which possesses characteristics of high interests for the conservation, due to the important species presence like the huemul, puma, chungungo and carpintero negro, besides vegetable formations, emphasizing the presence of an important cipres of the guaitecas regeneration on intervened areas since decades ago. Not only is the protection of species a relevant requirement for the conservation, but also and maybe more on the issue, the habitats which let their development and ecology viability. In this sense, it is necessary to remark the estuarine areas of the main rivers of the zone, environments that accommodate a rich biodiversity of terrestrial, marine birds and mammals. On the other hand, wooded formations of coihue magallanico, especially those with adult specimens, are the habitat of a plenty of birds and terrestrial mammals like the carpintero negro and the puma. The peat bogs, which mainly located in border areas with wooded formations and have renew or tender shoots of vegetable species, are the more comfortable environments for the huemul.

In short, the studied area is formed by an assembly of vegetable systems of high representativeness in the south of Chile together with high pristine conditions in which cannot be seen significant levels of human-induced intervention. In addition to this, the area possesses important representative elements of Chile and Argentina Patagonian environment, including its stage beauty and its lower level of human intervention; it generates a situation of special conditions for the development of conservation activities which can be complemented by scientific activities, environmental education and tourism based on special interests (Ruiz and Doberti, 2007).

Taking all above-mentioned elements, it can be concluded the pieces of lands that form The Natural Reserve Cape Froward, have an extraordinary potential for the developing of a high standard tourism project, exclusive and in a geographic landmark of global importance. Only this park can express that in its property America is born.

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