Quality-Oriented, Cost-Based Approach

The following section is an explanation of a quality-oriented, cost-based approach to financing early care and education.

In 2018 the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the Academies) published Transforming the Financing of Early Care and Educationv (the Transforming report). Authored by a committee of experts convened by the Academies, the resulting consensus report outlines a framework for a funding strategy that would provide reliable, accessible high-quality early care and education for young children from birth to Kindergarten that includes a highly qualified and adequately compensated workforce. What sets the estimates developed in the Transforming report apart from previous models is a strict adherence to research-based recommendations. Subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process prior to publication, the framework proposed in the Transforming report reflects what the sciences of early childhood development and early learning have established are necessary to support best practices of early care and education professionals for optimal development of young children starting at birth. The Transforming report recommends the use of a quality-oriented, cost-based approach to financing early care and education.

A quality-oriented, cost-based approach sets funding targets to levels that meet the total cost of high-quality early care and education, including a highly qualified, adequately compensated early childhood workforce. This approach places the emphasis on developing funding levels to cover the cost of quality for all children instead of letting quality and access be determined by the available funding. Figure 1 identifies the early care and education system separated into three interdependent functions: direct service delivery, workforce support, and quality assurance. Recognizing interdependence among these functions is essential to understanding that successful investment in the early childhood workforce is contingent on purposeful coordination of effort and resources across the system.

FIGURE 1 | INTERDEPENDENT FUNCTIONS

DIRECT SERVICE DELIVERY

• Compensation

• Maintaining staffing levels

• On-site staff supports and professional development

• Non-personnel costs (curriculum, facilities, equipment)

WORKFORCE SUPPORT SYSTEMS

• Ongoing professional learning

• Off-site training

• Higher education

QUALITY ASSURANCE AND IMPROVEMENT SYSTEMS

• Establish and maintain data systems

• Monitor and regulate direct service delivery

• Administer licensing and accreditation

• Quality and systems improvement

• Maintain accountability systems