Tuesday, November 11, 2008 by The Brown Daily Herald

The Brown Daily Herald T uesday, N ovember 11, 2008

Volume CXLIII, No. 110

Since 1866, Daily Since 1891

Recent grads laden with debt

‘Raw’ from defeat, Shays stresses need for honesty By Sara Sunshine Senior Staff Writer

Still reeling from his defeat on election day, Rep. Christopher Shays, R-Conn., spoke to a less than halffull Salomon 101 about truthfulness in government on Monday afternoon. Shays, who has represented Connecticut’s fourth district since 1987, began the talk sponsored by the Taubman Center for Public Policy with a sad acknowledgement of his recent loss to Democrat Jim Himes. Shays was the only Republican representing New England in the U.S. House of Representatives, and he compared his failure to get re-elected after 21 years of service to an athlete at the height of his game not having his contract renewed. “I would have preferred to address you as a re-elected (congressman),” Shays said. “It’s still pretty raw. And it’s difficult for me. If you see me get a tear in my eye, it will be a sincere tear.” Shays stressed the importance of truthfulness in government in his talk, called “We Need to Go Where the Truth Takes Us.” “The fact is, unless we are truthful with each other, our country will continue to muddle through, will continue to kick the can down the road, will continue to ignore one inconvenient truth after another,” Shays said.

Shays cited many examples of these “inconvenient truths” that he said government figures tend to leave for later or flat-out ignore, including energy dependence and deteriorating infrastructure. Real action on these issues fails to materialize because it would be costly and time-consuming, Shays said. Other truths — like the flawed public education system — are inconvenient because they are so daunting, Shays said. “In urban areas, young people fall into gaping holes,” he said. “It raises the question of whether public education can really meet the competitive challenges of a global economy.” One of the biggest “impediments to truth-telling,” Shays said, is a press that “seems to have been dummied down to the point of absurdity.” Shays pointed to the death of local newspapers and lack of in-depth reporting as contributing factors to the media’s lack of accountability and responsibility. The advent of a 24-hour news cycle and the popularity of blogs worsened the problem, Shays added, by leading to the spread of misinformation. He told a story about his elderly mother showing him a clipping mailed out by an interest group about health care. The brochure said

Unaffected by new aid policy, grads to start repaying loans By Nicole Dungca Staf f Writer

Eunice Hong / Herald

Rep. Christopher Shays, R-Conn., talked about the importance of an honest government, especially regarding the recent poor infrastructure.

continued on page 4

Alum dissects relationship between poetry and medicine By Kelly Mallahan Staf f Writer

Deep in the bowels of the Sidney E. Frank Hall for Life Sciences, surrounded by smaller primate skeletons and crude graffiti, are 25 dead human bodies. They are organized in neat rows, each on its own stainless steel gurney with plastic bags full of removed organs on the bottom shelf, eerily greeting everyone who enters the anatomy lab. These cadavers have

been dissected, disemboweled, seeks to “share with people and poked and prodded by students also to deal with the emotional at Alpert Medical School all se- intensity of the task of dissection” mester as part of their first year and to explore “the transition stuof study. dents undergo from non-doctor to The bodies are also doctor.” FEATURE the subjects of a new When she star ted book by Christine Monmedical school, “the first tross MD’06, a poet and house question that all my friends and staf f of ficer in psychiatr y at family had for me was, ‘What is Brown. anatomy like? What do bodies look Montross said her book, “Body like, what do they feel like?’” she of Work: Meditations on Morality said. She wrote her book in part as from the Human Anatomy Lab,” an attempt to answer those ques-

tions and also to communicate the profundity of cutting, touching and learning from actual human bodies, who had once been alive and loved. “It’s initially over whelming to be in a room with these cadavers and also to realize that you’re going to be asked to touch and cut them,” she said. “Body of Work” traces Montross’ experience from the first continued on page 4

Nicholas Swisher ’08 is beginning to feel the pressure. With over $20,000 to pay back in student loans, the former Herald opinions editor is currently searching for a job to help him with his first few payments, which are coming up in a few months. Swisher, who worked for President-elect Barack Obama’s campaign in southeastern Pennsylvania after graduation, plans to go to law school in two years but needs to find a job in the interim. So far, the options for the history concentrator have been limited in today’s uncertain economy. “It’s pretty brutal out there,” he said. “It makes me nervous about my prospects.” Recent financial aid policy changes at Brown — which replace loans with grants for most students whose family income is less than $100,000, and eliminate parental contributions for most students whose families make less than $60,000 — will likely make Swisher’s predicament less common for many students from the class of 2012 and beyond. Yet the history concentrator’s anxieties seem to echo the sentiments of other graduates across the country, who saw themselves graduate with high amounts of debt in an increasingly uncertain economy. Deeper in debt In 2007, the average college student graduated with an average of $20,098 in student loans, a 6 percent increase from $18,976 in 2006, according to a recently released report by the Project of Student Debt, a part of the nonprofit Institute for continued on page 4

Cambodian refugee discusses work, war By Sarah Husk Staf f Writer

Min Wu / Herald

Chhaya Chhoum, a Cambodian refugee, spoke on activism in immigrant communities.

METRO

HUGS FOR THE HOMElESS Student group brings cheer to the homeless amid chilly weather and economic times

www.browndailyherald.com

Chhaya Chhoum grew up in the Bronx, living in a one-bedroom apartment with 10 to 15 other family members, no hot water and no heat. She is a Cambodian refugee whose family fled the country during the fall of the Khmer Rouge Regime, sur viving multiple relocations only to be placed in conditions of extreme poverty and cultural ignorance. Chhoum, who now works as a youth organizer in her old neighborhood, delivered a message of activism and change to a full Salomon 001 Monday night.

GOD GETTING YOU DOWN? A professor questions whether religion causes or prevents CAMPUS NEWS depression

OPINIONS

Her lecture, entitled “We Have Ever y Right to be Against this War,” addressed issues facing the Southeast Asians in her community as well as the relevance of the Iraq War to immigrants like herself and her community. Chhoum was introduced by VyVy Trinh ’11 and Alexander Vang ’10, co-programmers of Southeast Asian Heritage Week, of which the event was a part. “Our stories are complicated,” said Trinh, who spoke of a shared histor y of colonization and oppression among Southeast Asian culture and called for “the politicization of Southeast Asian identity.”

GETTING BETTER William Martin ’10 argues that Republicans should focus on improving government

195 Angell Street, Providence, Rhode Island

12 SPORTS

Vang, who is one of only five Hmong students at Brown, shared his stor y of transitioning from a predominantly Hmong community in Fresno, Calif. to a heavily Caucasian community in Oklahoma, and then ultimately moving back to a Hmong community in Milwaukee. At Brown, Vang said, he still feels left out. “When you ask people what Hmong is, they say ‘Hmong? What’s that? Mongolian?’” he said. For Chhoum, who has been working to establish health justice for Southeast Asian refugees, it continued on page 6 THE MIGHTY HAVE FALLEN Football loses its perfect league record in Saturday’s game against Yale

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T oday Page 2

Tuesday, November 11, 2008

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

We a t h e r

Vagina Dentata | Soojean Kim

TODAY

TOMORROW

sunny 50 / 31

sunny 51 / 34

Menu Sharpe Refectory

Verney-Woolley Dining Hall

Lunch — Grilled Tuna Sandwich with Cheese, Corn Cobbets, Falafel, Pasta Spinach Casserole, Sugar Cookies

Lunch — Shaved Steak Sandwich, Spinach Strudel, Mandarin Blend Vegetables, Sugar Cookies

Dinner — Sesame Chicken Strips with Mustard Sauce, Vegan Vegetable Saute with Tempe, Boston Cream Pie

Dinner — Roast Pork Ouvert, Pastito, Baked Potatoes with Sour Cream, Carrot Casserole, Boston Cream Pie

Free Variation | Jeremy Kuhn

Sudoku Fill in the grid so that every row, every column and every 3x3 box contains the digits 1 through 9.

Brown Meets RISD | Miguel Llorente

Enigma Twist | Dustin Foley

C r o sDaily swo rd Los Angeles Times Crossword Puzzle Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Nichols Lewis

ACROSS 1 Alan Alda sitcom 5 Dividing membranes 10 His epitaph reads “And the beat goes on” 14 He sang about Alice 15 Designer Calvin 16 “Stronger than dirt!” cleanser 17 Swindle 18 Change, as text 19 Posted charge 20 CIA specialty 23 Tampa NFLer 24 Memorable time 25 Classic number from “The Wizard of Oz” 33 Grape holder 34 Way off the highway 35 Arrest 37 Affirm as true 38 VI x CIX 40 “Tell __ lies” 41 Like Abner 42 Cosmo rival 43 X-ray units 44 TV host with a Top Ten List 49 “Charlotte’s Web” monogram 50 Ike’s arena, briefly 51 1987 Luther Vandross #2 album 60 Key with three sharps: Abbr. 61 Author Jong 62 Part in a movie 63 When doubled, island near Tahiti 64 Element #5 65 Was positive of 66 Vodka in a blue bottle 67 WWII British weapons 68 Breakfast order DOWN 1 Like most Sp. nouns that end in “o”

2 With the bow, in 39 This puzzle’s 51 Yaks music honorees, one of 52 “Don’t worry 3 Pole, for one which is spread about me” 4 Personal suds out in each of the 53 Fluctuate 5 Drew quickly four longest 54 Easy pace 6 Saint with a fire answers 55 Put on the payroll 7 Chick’s sound 40 Tattoo’s boss on 56 Supply-and8 Food spearer “Fantasy Island” demand subj. 9 Peace Nobelist 45 MTV host 57 Album track Sakharov 46 ThinkPad maker 58 Couturier Cassini 10 Bill for drinks 47 Nerdy types 59 Six o’clock TV 11 City near Santa 48 French summer fare Barbara ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE: 12 Peacekeeping org. since 1949 13 Beasts of burden 21 Tiresome grind 22 Prince Valiant’s son 25 Track shape 26 Intense, as color 27 __ Gay: WWII plane 28 Microsoft spreadsheet software 29 Lunar trench 30 Leaning a bit 31 Hr. after midnight 32 “A Fish Called __” 11/11/08 36 Cap’n’s underling xwordeditor@aol.com

Alien Weather Forecast | Stephen Lichenstein and Adam Wagner

Fizzle Pop | Patricia Chou

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M etro Tuesday, November 11, 2008

Higher Ed

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i n

Brief

Faust: Harvard may cut some programs Even Harvard is vulnerable to the effects of the current economic turmoil. Harvard president Drew Gilpin Faust said Monday that the university will scrutinize its budget in an attempt to cut spending, suggesting that it may have to cut some programs. “Our own economic landscape has been significantly altered,” Faust wrote in an e-mail to faculty, staff and students. Harvard is well-known for having the largest endowment of any American university, at $36.9 billion in September, according to the New York Times. Faust did not specify how much the endowment has fallen since then, though she did say that the Moody’s Investors Service rating recently projected a 30 percent decrease in university endowments during this fiscal year. “While we can hope that markets will improve, we need to be prepared to absorb unprecedented endowment losses and plan for a period of greater financial constraint,” she wrote. But Faust also said Harvard remains committed to keeping its education affordable and that no changes to financial aid are planned. Among American universities, Harvard has one of the most generous financial aid packages, promising that students whose families make less than $180,000 will pay no more than approximately 10 percent of their income. “In times like these we want to keep (tuition) increases moderate,” she said in the e-mail. Though Faust did not mention specific cuts to any program, she did say Harvard would examine the “phasing and development” of expanding its facilities in the Boston neighborhood of Allston. Harvard’s announcement comes as the latest indicator of mounting financial struggles among colleges and universities. Brown announced a temporary hiring freeze for administrators and staff last week, and Dartmouth, Cornell, Boston and Tufts universities have all announced similar plans. Dartmouth’s endowment lost $220 million between July 1 and September 30, its student newspaper, the Dartmouth, reported yesterday. The college will focus on reducing expenses to cover the shortfall, rather than decreasing programs or financial aid, the newspaper reported. Cornell has instituted a 90-day construction freeze and a temporary outside hiring pause, and is conducting a university-wide review to cut costs, the Cornell Daily Sun reported Oct. 30. Tufts, whose endowment is on the low end of schools that offer need-blind admission, may have to rescind that policy for the coming year amid concerns that demand for aid will skyrocket, even though it has already suspended some capital projects and increased its aid budget, the New York Times reported Friday. Boston University was among the first schools to react to the economic downturn, announcing a hiring freeze and suspending construction projects that had not yet begun at the end of September, the Boston Globe reported. — Chaz Kelsh

Tough winter looms for R.I. homeless By Alexandra Ulmer Staff Writer

Donated pastries lined tables, music blared and nearly 200 people greeted one another at the Cathedral of St. John in Providence on Saturday. Meghna Philip ’11, co-coordinator of the student group Housing Opportunities for People Ever ywhere, hugged a homeless woman getting her makeup done at one of the stalls and waved to several people gathered in the large hall of the church. It was a warm and cheerful event that came at a time when the state is faced with rising home foreclosures and budget cuts — and consequently, a tough winter. In a report released Saturday by The Homelessness Research Institute, a part of the National Alliance to End Homelessness, Rhode Island ranked fifth among states for its quantity of veterans at high risk of homelessness. And on July 1, the current state budget took effect, cutting $26 million from Rhode Island Housing, an organization that provides affordable housing to middleclass families, and $7.5 million from the Neighborhood Opportunities Program, a state-funded group that helps low-income families. The budget cuts worsened a situation that was already bad, Philip said, adding that the government’s priorities were wrong. “The state is balancing its budget on the backs of people who have nothing,” she said. Since the cuts, the religious community has upped its efforts to provide help to Rhode Island’s homeless community, Philip said. But, she added, members of that community are “feeling the crunch

just as much as everyone else.” Philip tries to help the state’s homeless as much as she can. She said she spends one night every week at the Mathewson Street United Methodist Church hypothermia shelter, which has a significant overflow from state-run shelters. Last week, Philip said she was doing foreclosure-prevention outreach in Providence’s West End when she met a woman and her two daughters who had until December to leave their home because they could not find any housing available for $800 a month. “Time is running short,” Philip said. “This is a rocky situation.” Jim Ryczek, executive director of the Rhode Island Coalition for the Homeless, agreed. The budget cuts are “disinvestment instead of investment,” Ryczek said. “Cutbacks will result in a snowball effect, and things will get worse.” Ryczek said the elimination of the low-income housing program has forced the coalition to take from the $12.5 million allocated for workforce housing and split that amount between the two programs that saw their budgets cut. “Many projects have been put on the back burner,” he said. The financial crisis will worsen an already precarious situation, Ryczek said. “We see pretty much a perfect storm scenario for disaster,” he said. Last year 6,773 people signed into shelters, went to meal sites and accessed the Rhode Island homeless system in general. While 10 percent of them were chronically homeless, the remaining 90 percent were homeless because of temporary economic situations, Ryczek

said. The number, he said, is likely to increase because of Rhode Island’s unemployment rate — which, at 8.8 percent in September, was the nation’s highest. Rosalina Collazo, community organizer for the coalition, said the budget cuts chosen by the General Assembly ended up hurting the most people. She said the homeless community thinks it has not been accounted for in the decisions. “They feel they don’t matter. They don’t really have any faith,” she said. The coalition has planned various fundraising efforts for the homeless, soliciting Thanksgiving donations from churches and donations from the Feinstein Challenge, a philanthropic program in Rhode Island. But diverting attention to fundraising brings the focus away from the homeless, Ryczek said. “Fundraising more or helping more? It’s like a catch-22,” he said. Michael Lewis, who has been homeless for four years and spent Sunday night at Mathewson Street United Methodist Church, said the community is serving the homeless more than the state. “Individuals are stepping up, whereas the state is stepping back,” he said. Charlie Hathaway, who said he has been homeless for five months, described the homeless shelters in the state as overloaded. “I can find a place to go, but if you’re a family, it’s much harder.” Sen. Jack Reed has authored a bill to increase federal funding for homelessness assistance grants up to $2.2 billion, with up to $440 million going for homelessness prevention initiatives. The bill was approved unanimously by the Senate Banking Committee in September.

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Tuesday, November 11, 2008

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Connecticut Rep. Shays Recent grads with debt facing the facts decries partisan squabbling continued from page 1

continued from page 1 congressmen did not have to pay into the Social Security program, which Shays said was not true. But “seniors are very vulnerable and believe a lot of what they get” in the mail, he added. Shays also identified campaign financing and partisan politics as disincentives for honesty. Because politicians need certain blocks of supporters to get re-elected, he said, they may not say what they truly believe. When he decided to support a vouchers program for schools, Shays said he promptly lost the support of the National Education Association and many unions, who then backed his opponent. “If I had not gone that route, I would have at least kept labor on the sidelines,” Shays said. Shays also said the millions of dollars poured into campaigns and the increasingly negative tone of elections did not improve democracy. “If McDonald’s spent all its time telling you why you shouldn’t buy Burger King and Burger King

spent all its time telling you why you shouldn’t buy McDonald’s, you wouldn’t buy either,” Shays added. Many students in the questionand-answer portion asked about Shays’ feelings on the election results. He was generally critical of the Republicans and the Bush administration, particularly Donald Rumsfeld and Dick Cheney, calling them “arrogant.” He said the GOP will continue to lose power if it becomes more conservative and that it must find a way to attract moderate voters. The approach of the Republican Party has been flawed, Shays said. “Don’t tell me that abortion is the most important issue facing our country. ... While Rome is burning, we’re talking about pro-life. And that didn’t speak to a lot of people.” Leaders need to have brilliant ideas and be able to explain them, Shays said. “I think we’re all hoping Barack Obama has that capability.” Asked if, as a social liberal, he had ever considering switching parties, Shays said that he did not feel he would fit in with the Democratic Party. “Color me purple,” he said.

College Access and Success, which conducts nonpartisan research analysis. That same year, the average debt of a Brown graduate rose to $18,610 from $15,940, according to the institute. The figure was higher than a number of other Ivies: Yale graduates left with an average of $12,237 in loans; Harvard graduates with an average of $9,290; and Columbia graduates with an average of $6,399. Compared to other Rhode Island schools, however, Brown’s class of 2007 graduated with a lower average debt than most of the other Rhode Island schools — nearby Providence College saw the average graduate leaving with over $35,000 in loans. Rhode Island was named one of the top ten high-debt states in the country by the project, which noted that New England states “tend to have more students than average attending private colleges” and that these universities have “higher than average tuition for both public and private colleges.” But local lenders have also noted that students in the area are borrowing more. “We have seen an increase in the number of people and the dollar amount for Federal Stafford Loans and Federal Plus Loans,” said Noel Simpson, the chief financial officer of the Rhode Island Student Loan Authority, adding that many people have also been taking advantage of the Rhode Island Family Education Loan Program. According to financial aid experts, a number of reasons — including rising tuitions and more students going to college — can be attributed to the increases. The housing crisis has also been an issue, since home equity loans were a large source of college funding for families, according to Simpson. “The increases are worrisome,” said Matt Reed, a policy analyst for

the Project on Student Debt. “It shows us that college is usually a good investment for students ... but it’s also a bit of a risk.”

Universities, govt. respond Though student debt tends to be rising at many universities, a number of institutions, including Brown, have tried to alleviate the stress of it. Helping students better deal with loans was high on the agenda in terms of Brown’s new policies, said James Tilton, director of financial aid. “One of the main things we wanted to do is reduce private lending and overall student lending,” Tilton said. The University’s pledge put Brown on a list of over 50 other top colleges — including ever y other Ivy League university — that have eliminated or limited loans for students on financial aid. The federal government also seems dedicated to drastically helping with financial aid and student debt — especially in terms of keeping federal student aid loans afloat in the midst of the credit crisis. Earlier this May, lawmakers signed the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act of 2008, which allows the Secretary of Education and the Secretar y of the Treasury to purchase student loans if an adequate amount of capital does not exist. “Financial aid is one of the areas where Congress has stepped up to ensure it isn’t negatively impacted,” said Haley Chitty, associate director of communications at the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators. President Bush signed the College Cost Reduction and Access Act in September, which includes a loan forgiveness program for students entering public service. The program will be helpful for those who are interested in public service but feel pressured to take better-paying jobs because of their loans. As for the future of federal aid, President-elect Obama, who

helped expand Pell Grants while in the Senate, has noted in a recent CNN inter view that education is one of his top priorities during his term, but said that it will come after tax relief for the middle class, energy, health care and tax restructuring. His education plan includes the American Opportunity Tax Credit, which would provide $4,000 per year for students pursuing higher education, provided that they complete 100 hours of community service. He has also mentioned eliminating the Federal Family Education Loan program, which pays subsidies to private lenders who offer government-supported funds. Missing the boat Though help seems to keep coming for current students, a number of recent graduates who could not benefit from the newlyinstated financial aid policy feel disappointed, as if they missed the boat. Jeremiah Kittredge ’08, who graduated with about $20,000 in loans, said he had often lobbied to make substantial changes to financial aid while at Brown. “I understand the frustration that over the four years I was at Brown, nothing happened,” he said. “But at the same time, this is a ver y honorable and smart change for Brown.” The class of 2008, who graduated right before Brown’s new financial aid policies and right before a financial crisis, “just sort of got unlucky,” he added. Meanwhile, Swisher said he had still hoped the Office of Financial Aid would “reach out as much as possible” to recent graduates, especially considering the state of the economy. Though he doesn’t expect any financial assistance, he thinks “it would be great if they reiterated the resources and options that some of us have.” “I just want to know what it will be like to pay off your loans in this climate,” he said.

For one alum, cadavers serve as poetic muse continued from page 1

Thanks for reading!

day of medical school through her complete dissection of a human cadaver, whom she names Eve. Her descriptions of the human body reflect her background in poetr y, as each of the body’s internal structures is described in simple and poetic language, lending humanness to what is, in fact, human. Recounting her first assignment — familiarizing herself with the contents of a “bone box” — she describes the scapula as “winglike and twisting,” and the hip bone as “elegant and cur ving and alien.” Just as importantly, Montross documents the effects of dissection on her and her fellow students. Before her first dissection, when she sees “her cadaver” for the first time, she is distracted by the body’s arms. “They are covered in age spots and thin and long,” she writes. “They are the arms of my grandmother.” Montross frankly admits that “I am afraid that I won’t be able to do this.” But for all the emotional intensity and apparent barbarity of dissecting a human body, the discoveries that Montross makes about anatomy and medicine throughout the book demonstrate the value of this hands-on, real-

life, intimate and dramatic form of teaching and learning. The book reflects the respect that the medical community traditionally shows those who donate their bodies to science. Dale Ritter, director of morphology at the Med School, said that every year, the medical students “hold some sort of memorial ser vice for the donors.” After that, the students sign and decorate the walls of the lab, marking the place where they spent so much time, energy and emotion. Montross took a far less direct path into the lab than most of her peers. She said she “never” planned on going to medical school. “I was not one of these kids who was dressing up as doctors for Halloween and dissecting squirrels in the back yard,” she said. Rather than pursue medicine after studying French literature and environmental science at the University of Michigan, she completed a Master in Fine Arts in Creative Writing there in 1998 and began teaching high school in the San Francisco Bay Area. “I was writing a lot of poems about madness, and then when I was teaching high school, I star ted to see kids with actual mental illness, depression, anxi-

ety,” Montross said. “I started to see the more practical and less romantic part of mental illness. I decided I wanted to become a psychiatrist.” Assistant Professor of Psychiatr y and Human Behavior Audrey Tyrka, whom Montross described in an e-mail as a “professional mentor,” said she thought Montross’ poetr y background helped her as a doctor. As a poet, Montross is “really sensitive to all these different layers of experience” and helps people to come to new understandings about their lives, said Tyrka, who worked with Montross at Butler Hospital. “Her first day on rotation, she was easily functioning on the level of an advanced resident in terms of her ease and comfort and ability to connect with people,” which is “unheard of” in a young medical student. “Those qualities are really impor tant in a doctor,” especially in a psychiatrist, she added. “Strangely enough, poetry and medicine have some similarities,” Montross said. In writing poetr y, “I learned to look ver y closely at small things, and from those obser vations make conclusions about the larger world,” she said. “I think that medicine asks us to do something ver y similar.”

C ampus n ews Tuesday, November 11, 2008

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THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Creative ideas pitched at business contest Prof. asks if religion correlates with depression By Suzannah Weiss Contributing Writer

By Matthew Scult Contributing Writer

Are religious people more or less likely to be depressed than nonreligious people? The answer, according to a new study, is both. Joanna Maselko, an assistant professor of public health at Temple University, and Professor of Community Health Stephen Buka ’78 published research in the journal Psychological Medicine online in October finding that aspects of religious participation correlate differently with depression. The study presented an analysis of data from several hundred adults taking part in the New England Family Study in the Providence and Boston communities, who had been asked about their experiences with religion and tested to clinically determine their psychological health. “About 20 percent of U.S. adults will develop clinical depression in their lifetime, and we are interested in what increases or decreases the likelihood of depression,” Buka said. According to the study, a growing body of research indicates that religion and spirituality are related to better psychological health, but the authors wanted to determine which components of religion were contributing to this benefit: Were the positive effects a result of participating in a religious community or were they coming from people’s faith in a higher power? The researchers chose to look separately at three facets of religious participation: attendance at services, religious well-being and existential well-being. The study stated, “Religious well-being refers to the quality of a person’s ‘relationship with God’ or a higher power whereas existential well-being reflects a person’s sense of meaning and purpose in life.” The study’s analysis showed that people who attend services and feel that their lives have meaning and purpose are much less likely to be depressed, but that people who have a strong faith in God are actually at a greater risk for depression. This latter correlation came as a surprise, according to the study, since research-

Courtesy of Brown.edu

Professor of Community Health Stephen Buka ’78

ers haven’t looked specifically at religious well-being in the past. The study suggests that similar results might be obtained through a reanalysis of previous studies. Buka said it is important to remember “we don’t know which came first” — clinical depression or faith in God. It could be that people who are depressed turn to a higher power for help or there could be another explanation, Buka said. The finding that religious service attendance is associated with lower levels of depression is consistent with earlier research. Buka said the religious service attendance leading to lower incidence of depression also “logically makes sense” since “strategies to prevent depression are opportunities for meaningful social exchange and contact.” Buka said that just as religious services may be a common place for adults to find community and purpose, the college experience often provides both for students. “College is a time to reflect on and solidify one’s values,” Buka said. Adults who have existential well-being often found that sense of purpose during their time in college, he added. “Opportunities to develop a sense of purpose in life, which is one of the hallmarks of the Brown experience, should have long-term beneficial effects,” he said.

Did you ever think life would be easier if there were a tracking device for your iPhone and digital camera, shuttle services providing transportation to Fish Co. on Wednesday nights, “sexy period” stain-preventing underwear or a remote control that forces TV-addicted kids to solve math problems before changing channels? It’s rare to come across such a range of creative business ideas as that found at this fall’s Elevator Pitch Competition, which offers a total of $2,000 to the three entries it deems most feasible, creative and well-delivered. Held Saturday in MacMillan 115 and sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Program, the event drew a full room of entrants and audience members. The premise of the contest is that “you’re in an elevator with Bill Gates and you have 45 seconds to get across to Bill Gates an idea that you want him to finance,” said Drew Janes ’09, co-president of EP. “If you can’t explain it in 45 seconds, it’s probably not a very good idea — or you don’t understand it,” he added. EP sponsors two business competitions per year: the $2,000 Elevator Pitch Competition in the fall and the $50,000 Business Plan Competition in the spring. This is the tenth year of the Elevator Pitch Competition, whose purpose is to “highlight (EP) and get on people’s maps in regard to the Business Plan Competition,” Janes said.

Proposals included an electronic business card exchange system, a student “nap center,” a collection of SAT prep videos and a device to identify and keep track of songs heard on the radio. EP co-president Ian Spector ’09 said the competition is fun because “you can pitch ideas that are kind of grandiose that you wouldn’t really be able to execute.” Still, some students said they are determined to carry out their plans. Mollie West ’09, who won second prize for her proposal — a project to provide small loans for various Providence entrepreneurs — said she and a group of Brown students are already enacting their plan. They worked on the proposal over the summer and have already received several grants, even though the ink is not yet dry on the business plan they’re writing in class this fall, according to West. Second runner-up was Abhishek Pruisken ’10, who already sells homemade Dutch waffle cookies around campus. Darren Howerton ’09, who proposed a GPS system with laser detection and radar, won first place. Those who didn’t win weren’t neglected — EP offered to put competitors in touch with business mentors such as Steve Maslow, a former Bear Stearns investment banker who works with Professor-at-Large Shirley Heath to support students for social enterprise. “When I was young, people were very helpful to me in building my

career, and I think it’s time to give back,” Maslow said. Among the students Maslow has mentored are David Poritz ’11, who is taking next semester off to work on creating a fair trade energy company and Tyler Gage ’08.5, who plans to market an all-natural, low-calorie energy drink made from a caffeinedense plant in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Portiz’s proposed company, Gaia Energy, is aimed at allowing people to “live the golden rule in a green way,” he said in his 45-second presentation. “I’ve been working with communities affected by contamination ... and I recognize the need for a new model that would target the weak spots of the industry.” Gage, whose idea was inspired by an Ecuadorian family he hosted in May 2007, said he thought the Elevator Pitch Competition was “a great opportunity to have to be concise with your words and for students to come together and share with each other and build community.” Gaurab Chakrabarti ’10, who delivered a proposal for a Web site that provides college students with study material relevant to specific exams, said concentrating in neuroscience helped him to use “the intuition of the brain” in his proposal. “Entrepreneurship is something that isn’t specific to any field of study,” said Spector, a cognitive neuroscience concentrator. Janes agreed, saying that business “can be found in media. It can be found in medicine. It can be found in anything you can possibly think of.”

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President-elect discusses future of nation with Bush Refugees By Dan Eggen and Michael D. Shear Washington Post

WASHINGTON — Barack Obama visited the White House Monday for a long and cordial meeting with the man he will succeed, setting aside two years of withering criticism of President Bush’s record to discuss the economy and tour the presidential living quarters. As hundreds of well-wishers crowded the wrought iron fence outside, the president-elect and his wife, Michelle, joined Bush and first lady Laura Bush for a traditional visit that was short on substance but long on symbolism. The women hugged, the men shook hands and all four posed for photographers. Meeting without aides in the Oval Office, Bush and Obama talked primarily about the economy, as Obama pressed his case for rapid passage of a new economic stimulus package and help for the automobile industry, aides said. Then the pair took a stroll through the residence before returning to the West Wing. Their wives embarked on their own tour of the building that will soon be home to the Obamas and their daughters, Malia, 10, and Sasha, 7. The meeting came after two years of sharp, if indirect, skirmishing between Bush and his Democratic successor, whose candidacy was built as a rebuke to the Republican administration. Obama condemned Bush’s “failed policies” and said John McCain, the GOP nominee, would represent “another four years” of the unpopular commander in chief. Bush once suggested that Obama was naive on Iraq and said at another point: “He’s got a long way to go to be president.” The two couples were all smiles Monday, however, with no evidence of tension. Stephanie Cutter, an Obama spokeswoman, said afterward that the Obamas were “warmly welcomed” and that the Oval Office meeting was “productive and friendly.” “They had a broad discussion

about the importance of working together throughout the transition of government in light of the nation’s many critical economic and security challenges,” she said. “President-elect Obama thanked President Bush for his commitment to a smooth transition, and for his and first lady Laura Bush’s gracious hospitality in welcoming the Obamas to the White House.” Bush similarly described the meeting as “good, constructive, relaxed and friendly,” according to a summary by Dana Perino, the White House press secretary. The two discussed world and domestic affairs, and Bush showed Obama the presidential office, the Lincoln Bedroom and the bedrooms for the Obamas’ daughters, she added. “The president enjoyed his visit with the president-elect, and he again pledged a smooth transition to the next administration,” Perino said. The Obamas flew from Chicago in a chartered Boeing Super 80. The president-elect sat in a regular first-class seat for the one-hour and 17-minute trip, walking back to coach briefly to talk to aides. The couple traveled to the White House in a presidential-style limousine — another switch from the sport-utility vehicles that were common during the campaign. Michelle Obama also spent time Monday scouting out schools for the couple’s daughters, according to sources familiar with her plans. Obama’s return to Chicago produced some moments of minor drama for accompanying journalists. First, the president-elect went into a private 40-minute meeting at Reagan National Airport with people unknown to them. Then, after boarding his plane, reporters were able to overhear his conversation as he talked on a cellphone. “I am not going to be spending too much time in Washington over the next several weeks,” he said, adding that he did not want to “go lurching so far in one direction” and wanted to come up with “some good, solid, sensible options.”

The topic of the remarks was not known, and Obama turned away after a staff member intervened. Obama is moving rapidly to undo some of Bush’s signature initiatives while also tackling the economic crisis and other pressing issues. His transition chief, John D. Podesta, said over the weekend that Obama may use executive orders to ease restrictions on stem cell research, change interrogation policies that Democrats oppose and slow plans for offshore oil drilling. In the longer term, Obama has pledged to end the Iraq war, reverse almost a decade of Bush economic policy and take a dramatically different approach toward health care and social policy. Obama aides said the transition team has begun to review all of Bush’s executive orders and will move forward with decisions once Cabinet secretaries have been chosen. The men did not discuss those issues at the meeting Monday, Obama aides said. The meeting focused on the economy, and that is what aides say will be among Obama’s top priorities once he moves into the White House on Jan. 20. The presidentelect has promised a quick focus on middle-class tax cuts, health care and energy independence. Bush and Obama have emphasized cordiality since Election Day, focusing on the need for a smooth transition and, in Bush’s case, hailing the historic event of Obama becoming the nation’s first African American president. Obama had never set foot in the Oval Office before Monday and has had only a handful of direct interactions with Bush, most recently during a September meeting on the economic crisis. In his book “The Audacity of Hope,” Obama describes one of his earliest encounters with Bush, at a 2005 White House event for new lawmakers, when Obama, then a newly elected senator from Illinois, says Bush warned him that people from both parties will start “gunnin’ for ya.” “Everybody’ll be waiting for you

to slip, know what I mean?” Bush said, according to Obama’s account. “So watch yourself.” Obama’s meeting with Bush Monday was the latest in a 100year tradition that has produced symbolic moments as political pasts met political futures. In 2000, Bush met President Bill Clinton one week after the Supreme Court declared the Texas governor the winner of the closest presidential election in U.S. history. At the meeting, the pair discussed foreign challenges and economic good times. Clinton told reporters that his advice was to “get a good team, and do what he thinks is right.” Eight years earlier, it was President George H.W. Bush who was giving Clinton advice. They met for almost two hours, discussing the then-hot spots of Bosnia and Somalia, but, as is the tradition, took no questions from reporters after the meeting. Stephen Hess, a presidential historian, said the potential for tension between Bush and Obama was great after last week’s election. The economic crisis gave Obama the perfect excuse to assert his authority even before Inauguration Day on Jan. 20. But Obama publicly rejected that notion on Friday, declaring that the United States has “only one president at a time” and signaling that he will not attend a global economic summit on Saturday. Bush offered his own olive branch by pledging “complete cooperation” and calling Obama’s election “especially uplifting” for a generation of Americans who witnessed the struggle for civil rights. Hess called Monday’s visit a “symbolic moment” of the change to come. “When he walks out of the White House, he really is the president-elect,” he said of Obama, adding: “It’s part of the movement of power, the movement of democracy.” — Research editor Alice Crites contributed to this report

have power of community continued from page 1 is these issues of cultural identity that inform her work as a community organizer with the Committee Against Anti-Asian Violence. For each of the demands that together comprise the committee’s plan for a comprehensive health clinic for refugees in her community, Chhoum shared the stories of community members that she heard while gathering data about health and social justice issues facing Southeast Asian refugees. Chhoum began to tear up as she recounted how a 15-year-old boy in her community was made to translate for his own mother the news that she had just been diagnosed with fatal cancer because adequate translation services were not available. “We’ve all translated for our parents,” she said. But “he had ever y right to feel anger at that moment” for being placed in that position, she continued. In addition to access to a culturally sensitive health care system and adequate translation services, Chhoum said her organization also wants to see health care providers prioritize the hiring of staff from within the Southeast Asian community as well as expand day-to-day social ser vices for those in need. These changes, Chhoum said, must take place through the participation of the entire community, which, for her, often begins with youth realizing their potential to change the conditions in which they live and the community coming together as a whole. “We don’t have money, but we do have people power,” she said. “We do have each other.” Still, she said, her work is not easy. “It takes a piece of me away all the time,” she said. “Sometimes I lose faith. ... I wake up in the morning and I don’t know if I can go another day.” Chhoum also addressed what she said is the unique relationship that Southeast Asian war refugees have to the Iraq War. As a community made up of sur vivors of the Vietnam War and of the children and grandchildren of these sur vivors, the war “hasn’t been able to be stable ... hasn’t been able to hold on to something,” she said. “We are still living it, in our bodies and our minds,” she added. “This war has not ended for us.” These feelings of personal and cultural loss and the reality of a ravaged homeland are issues that Chhoum said she believes Southeast Asians have in common with Iraqis — issues, she said, that need to be addressed. “Let’s star t talking about it. Let’s start fighting it,” she said.

W orld & n ation Tuesday, November 11, 2008

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State legislators move to block gay marriage By Dan Morain Los Angeles T imes

Lawrence K. Ho / Los Angeles Times

A comedian teases white audience members at the Laugh Factory in Los Angeles over Obama’s victory.

Obama fodder for bold jokes By Greg Braxton Los Angeles Times

HOLLYWOOD — Tommy Davidson’s centerpiece joke about President-elect Barack Obama at a Los Angeles comedy club over the weekend “killed” — in more ways than one. Davidson, who was a regular on Fox’s hip sketch comedy show “In Living Color,” bounded on stage Friday at the Comedy Union and said he would like to perform a bit from Obama’s upcoming inaugural speech. He stood at an imaginary podium — then, a “shot” rang out and he collapsed in a heap. The audience was momentarily shocked, then erupted in laughter. But for some, the laughs stuck in their throats. “People were crying out, ‘Oh, no, don’t do that,’” said Lanita Jacobs-Huey, a University of Southern California professor of anthropology who was in the audience. “Tommy then sprung up and said with this smile, `OK, I just wanted to try that out.’ It was pretty amazing.” Welcome to Def Obama Comedy Jam. In the first weekend after Obama’s election, black comedians in several comedy venues ranging from the urban-flavored Comedy Union to the more Hollywoodtinged Laugh Factory steered from their usual, often raw routines about life, dating and sex to weigh in with their feelings about the first black president of the United States. Black comedians traditionally have made fun of a system they feel has shut them out and treated them unfairly, said Darnell Hunt, head of the Ralph J. Bunche Center for African American Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles. “It’s been a way to relieve the pain, the tension,” Hunt said. “Now, there’s this self-made black man, and they don’t want to undermine the possibility of hope. The Obamas represent a transcendence that brings everyone into the tent, and comics are now grappling with that. They want to treat it gingerly.” Many black comics, whose humor has sprung from the pain or anger of dealing with a discriminatory society, are now wrestling

with hope, cautious optimism and celebration. Rodney Perr y, who hosted Saturday’s lineup at the Comedy Union, wasted no time when he hit the stage: “We need some energy up in here. We have a new president!” Ian Edwards, a writer on Comedy Central’s “Chocolate News,” raised his arms in a victory salute during his opening set at the Laugh Factory. “On Tuesday night, it was like the whole world was celebrating New Year’s Eve,” he said. “I know there were a lot of Obama babies made that night. Black people needed some self-esteem. It’s about time we won. ... We haven’t won much since the first O.J. trial or since Ruben Studdard beat Clay (Aiken) on ‘American Idol.’”

SACRAMENTO, Calif. — Fortythree Democratic legislators, including leaders of the California Senate and Assembly, filed a brief Monday urging that the state Supreme Court void Proposition 8. Assembly Speaker Karen Bass, Senate President Pro Tem Don Perata and incoming Pro Tem Darrell Steinberg signed the friend of the court brief. No Republican legislator signed the petition, although Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, a Republican, denounced the anti-gay marriage measure in a television appearance over the weekend. With almost 11 million ballots tallied, Proposition 8 had 52.3 percent of the vote to 47.7 percent. Although many ballots remain to be counted, the 500,000-vote spread is viewed as insurmountable. “The citizens of California rely on the Legislature and the courts

to safeguard against unlawful discrimination by temporary, and often short-lived, majorities,” the legislators said in the document, written by attorneys at the firm Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher. “Our state’s few deviations from this duty have proven, with the perspective of historical distance, to be the most abhorrent chapters in our state’s history.” Said Frank Schubert, manager of the Proposition 8 campaign: “This is a Hail Mary, no question about it.” Attorney General Jerry Brown’s office would be obligated to defend the initiative. But Schubert said that if the state Supreme Court agrees to hear the case, backers of the initiative would seek to intervene to defend it. In their brief, lawmakers described the 500,000-vote margin as a “bare majority” and said it was “compromising the enduring constitutional promise of equal protection under the law.”

“Proposition 8 seeks to effect a monumental revision of this foundational principle and constitutional structure by allowing a bare majority of voters to eliminate a fundamental right of a constitutionally protected minority group,” the brief says. “If Proposition 8 takes effect, this court will no longer be the final arbiter of the rights of minorities,” it continues. The action contends that the initiative, which created a constitutional amendment defining marriage as being between one man and one woman, cannot be done by a mere constitutional amendment. Rather, it must be done by a revision of the entire Constitution and the Legislature would have to be involved. As advocates of same-sex marriage turn to courts, protests, and perhaps a future ballot measure in an attempt to overturn Proposition 8, Schubert declared that the vote is “as over as Barack Obama’s election.”

Judge delays decision on removing life support By Keith L. Alexander Washington Post

WASHINGTON — A judge heard arguments Monday in the case of a 12-year-old boy who was declared dead by Children’s National Medical Center, but he held off making a decision until he can hear from the family and medical experts Thursday. The parents of Motl Brody, who remains in the hospital’s intensivecare unit, did not attend the hearing in D.C. Superior Court. Motl has brain cancer and has been in the hospital since June 1. The hospital says that he has no brain activity, meeting the legal definition for death in the District of Columbia. Doctors declared him dead Tuesday. The hospital is asking Judge Wil-

liam Jackson to affirm its judgment that the boy can be taken off lifesustaining equipment. Monday, the hospital supplied medical records to the family’s attorney. At issue is the definition of brain-dead and the hospital’s position that nothing more can be done for the boy. Kenneth Rosenau, an attorney for the hospital, said Motl had “ceased to exist. What we have left is not a human being.” As of Thursday, the boy’s lungs began failing, even with mechanical assistance, Rosenau said. The judge ordered both sides to return to court Thursday to allow the family’s attorney, Jeffrey Zuckerman, to review five boxes of hospital records in preparation for a more extensive hearing. The parents could testify at that time;

the hospital has lined up several experts to explain its position. At least three of the hospital’s doctors and a social worker are also scheduled to testify. Motl’s parents, Orthodox Jews from Brooklyn, are challenging the hospital’s pronouncement of death based on the absence of brain activity. Their faith does not define death in that way, and they note that Motl has respiratory and circulatory functions, albeit with mechanical assistance. In addition to the emotional issues involving life and death, a dispute has emerged over when the parents last visited Motl. In court Monday, Rosenau said that, according to hospital records, the parents have not visited the boy since late July.

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Tuesday, November 11, 2008

Men’s hockey to play Bulldogs this weekend continued from page 12 off, as the penalty kill went 10 for 10 on Friday. “It was a huge plus for us over the entire weekend,” Grillo said. Clarkson’s Nick Tremblay broke the 1-1 tie 3:18 into the final period. Bruno gained an advantage when Clarkson’s Br yan Rufenach was sent to the penalty box for two minutes for hitting from behind with under three minutes left in the game. But Brown was unable to capitalize, getting off only one shot on the power play. With 46 seconds remaining, the Bears pulled Rosen, who finished with 24 saves on the night, and substituted in a sixth attacker. But Brown couldn’t score even with the one-man advantage, and Clarkson’s Brandon DeFazio scored an open-net goal with four seconds remaining, making the final score 3-1. The next night’s game against the St. Lawrence Saints began in a similar fashion as the Clarkson game, with Brown giving up a goal early — this time in the first seven minutes. But Grillo said the early goals were not a result of flat starts. “Both nights we actually started well,” Grillo said. “They just capitalized on an opportunity.” Just 15 seconds after Brown went on a power play, Jeff Buvinow ’12 scored his first career goal to even the score at 1-1, 8:15 into the first period. Buvinow

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was assisted on the goal by Ryan Garbutt ’09 and assistant captain Matt Vokes ’09, who finished the game with two assists. St. Lawrence scored a powerplay goal with less than 30 seconds left in the second period to give the Saints a one-goal advantage entering the final period. Midway through the final period, St. Lawrence’s Matt Raley got a five-minute penalty for hitting from behind and a 10-minute game misconduct penalty. Sean McMonagle ’10 took advantage of the power play at 13:33 with his first goal of the season, tying the game 2-2. McMonagle’s goal was assisted by Vokes and captain Devin Timberlake ’10. The two assists on the night brought Vokes’s season total to a team-high five assists. Brown controlled the overtime, shooting three times to St. Lawrence’s one. But both goalies were perfect, and the game ended in a tie. Rosen turned in a strong effort in Saturday’s game, making 35 saves in net. Bruno heads to New Haven for a rematch with the Yale Bulldogs next Friday at 7 p.m. Though Yale defeated Brown 6-3 when the two faced of f at the Meehan Auditorium last weekend, Grillo thinks the Bears have made strides since then. Encouraged by this weekend’s play, Grillo said, “We’ll just tr y to continue down the same path.”

Bruno falls after attempted comeback continued from page 12 minutes later, and took a 6-3 lead with another field goal on their first drive of the second half. The Brown defense kept the game close, though, and managed to hold senior running back and reigning Ivy League Player of the Year Mike McLeod to just 2.6 yards per carry. “McLeod is one of the greatest backs in the history of this league,” wrote Ziogas. “Whenever you can hold a guy like that under three yards a carry, you’re doing a good job.” Ziogas led the defensive attack with a team-high eight tackles, and currently leads the Bears with 55 tackles this season. In all, the Brown defense recorded eight tackles for loss, including three sacks, in the game, with linebacker Jon May ’09 recording a sack, giving him 2.5 sacks this season. Tackles for loss were also made by defensive end James Develin ’10, who is first on the Bears and fifth in the Ivy League this season with 7.5 tackles for loss, as well as linebacker Miles Craigwell ’09 and defensive end Joe Yanchunis ’09.

Following the go-ahead field goal, the Brown offense marched down the field, and looked poised to erase the deficit. Dougherty completed his first three passes of the drive, with an 18-yard completion to Farnham, a 16-yard completion to Sewall, and a 15-yard completion to tight end Colin Cloherty ’09, who made seven catches for a team-high 72 yards. But with the ball at the Yale 31, the offense failed to pick up another first down, and gave the ball back to the Bulldogs when Dougherty’s fourthdown pass fell incomplete. With ten minutes remaining in the game, the Bears got an opportunity to tie the game, when Ranney came in for a 28-yard field goal attempt. The attempt sailed wide left, though, preserving Yale’s slim lead. Bruno’s next drive ended in a punt, giving the Bulldogs the ball at their own 21, and on second-and-9, quarterback Brook Hart fired a pass to receiver Peter Balsam, who took it the rest of the way for a 78-yard touchdown, putting the Bears in a 13-3 hole with 3:49 left. “We were man-to-man bringing

pressure, and they ran a screenand-go, and their quarterback just made a good play,” Ziogas wrote. “Sometimes breakdowns happen in football, but that was just really bad timing.” The offense picked up three first downs on the ensuing drive, but eventually turned the ball over on downs at the Yale 41, giving the Bulldogs the ball and the win. The team will now turn its attention to Dartmouth (0-8, 0-5 Ivy), who it will face on the road next week, before returning home for the final game of the season against Columbia (1-7, 1-4 Ivy). With wins over those two teams, the two weakest teams in the Ivy League, the Bears can still guarantee at least a share of the Ivy League title. “The most important thing these last two weeks is going to be for us to keep our heads up,” Knight wrote. “We have no power over what happens in other games, but we can make sure we finish the season 2-0, and that will guarantee us first place in the league.”

W. soccer ends season by beating Yale continued from page 12 as the team’s leader in points and goals with 15 and six, respectively. She also scored three game-winning goals, a career best. Mize had been a starter for two years, as she fought back from injuries during her sophomore year. She was last season’s leading scorer, and this year she posted two assists. In addition to tri-captains Cunningham and Mize, the Bears said

goodbye to four other seniors: Yeilani Figueroa, Emily Geldwert, Alex Michael and Julie Wu. With a tremendous start to the season, the Bears’ record after their first six games was 2-1-2 and the team was ranked as high as No. 21 in national polls. The highlight to the Bears’ season was undoubtedly the UConn Classic Tournament, at which the team defeated No. 11 Penn State and tied the No. 1 UCLA Bruins in a shutout.

The last two games are “definitely something I’ll never forget,” Cunningham said. “Even though we didn’t do as well as we thought we would this season, that one weekend makes it better.” “We definitely made our mark in Brown women’s soccer history by playing the best and playing at our best,” Mize said. “Being part of a really strong group of girls, it’s the players that made my career memorable.”

E ditorial & L etters Page 10

Tuesday, November 11, 2008

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Staf f Editorial

Research responsibility In fiscal year 2008, six percent of Brown’s research budget — $8.6 million — came from the Department of Defense to fund research in the physical sciences, according to an article in yesterday’s Herald. Professor of Computer Science Pascal Van Hentenryck told The Herald that public debates about the ethics of using military funds are not common among academics in the physical sciences, though colleagues debate it among themselves. He said researchers in the sciences who take funding from the military often produce work that is useful in many fields, rather than just for defense, and that the researchers often have little idea how their ideas will be put into practice eventually. We are not questioning the ethics of taking funding from the military, since that debate is too large for this space. But we are concerned with Van Hentenryck’s statement that academics would accept funding for research without knowing how their ideas will be put into practice. We know this information is not always clear, but it should be ardently pursued before a researcher agrees to be paid to contribute to a project. Unawareness, whether careless or willful, does not obviate responsibility. Brown’s only standards for research are that it is neither classified nor proprietary, meaning the publication is restricted. According to Vice President for Research Clyde Briant, there is no University-level debate on the sources from which a researcher draws funds, and such discourses would be personal among academics. The onus of responsibility is then on professors to decide whether a funding source will put their research to ethical use. But that research carries the name of Brown — and thus reflects on our institution. Though a professor can choose to be unaware of what might later come from their findings, Brown’s name will forever be tied with the product. A University’s reputation for producing knowledge comes from the collective contributions of individual academics; therefore, while we advocate for researchers having the freedom to choose subjects that interest them and in which they will excel, we also believe they have a social responsibility to the Brown community to uphold a high standard of ethics. We urge professors not to engage in research until they have tried as hard as they can to learn what sorts of applications the results may have. Only with this information can they make knowledgeable decisions about whether the work corresponds with their values. We do not think that there exists an absolute standard on whether researchers can accept military funding, but we absolutely believe that our researchers need to be fully informed of what they are helping to create before attaching the name of this university to it.

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L e tt e r s S/NC and S/NC-ibility To the Editor: Jared Lafer’s column on grade options (“Grade options, why hath thou failed me?” Nov. 10) is the latest and most public symptom of a disturbing trend of gross misinterpretation and abuse of the New Curriculum. The S/NC grade option and the omission of failed courses on external transcripts grant students the rights to design their own education and to take academic risks. They are not intended to allow students to hide a truly hard-earned grade or to slack off and do only the minimum work necessary to pass. Instead, S/NC should be used to pursue fascinating topics free from the distraction of simplistic letter grades, or to take on extra challenges students might not otherwise tackle. If the student who chooses to take a class without the additional pressure of a letter grade receives an A on her

first midterm, there is no reason for her to regret her choice of grade option. Instead, she should take pride in what she has accomplished despite lack of strong extrinsic motivation. Alumni often say they worked the hardest in their S/NC classes because they were not burdened with imperfect forms of evaluation. Your education is not about “taking advantage of” the system to eventually obtain a sheet of paper with a few letters on it. (S with distinction, by the way, do not appear on external transcripts.) These letters may later have practical applications, but at its core your education is about learning for its own sake, studying subjects because they interest you. Why choose Brown if not for this? Nick Hagerty ’10 Nov. 10

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C o r r e ct i o n s In an article in Monday’s Herald, (“Alums on Obama campaign: Now what?,” Nov. 10) the last name of alum was misspelled. His name is Andrew Marantz ’06.5, not Morans. An article in Friday’s Herald (“Half of students have no opinion on UCS,” Nov. 7) misspelled the last name of a student. The student’s name is David Gurevich ’11, not Guervich. C O R R E C T I O N S P olicy The Brown Daily Herald is committed to providing the Brown University community with the most accurate information possible. Corrections may be submitted up to seven calendar days after publication. C ommentary P O L I C Y The staff editorial is the majority opinion of the editorial board of The Brown Daily Herald. The editorial viewpoint does not necessarily reflect the views of The Brown Daily Herald, Inc. Columns, letters and comics reflect the opinions of their authors only. L etters to the E ditor P olicy Send letters to letters@browndailyherald.com. Include a telephone number with all letters. The Herald reserves the right to edit all letters for length and cannot assure the publication of any letter. Please limit letters to 250 words. Under special circumstances writers may request anonymity, but no letter will be printed if the author’s identity is unknown to the editors. Announcements of events will not be printed. advertising P olicy The Brown Daily Herald, Inc. reserves the right to accept or decline any advertisement at its discretion.

O pinions Tuesday, November 11, 2008

Page 11

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

A Democrat’s favorite evangelical Republican Susannah Kroeber Guest Columnist For a liberal Democrat, the statement I am about to write may border on heresy. It may be on par with Joe Biden’s now infamous statement at the vice presidential debate in reference to John McCain: “I love him.” But this transcends party politics. I love Mike Huckabee. And I also may be wrong about how other liberals feel about him. The former governor’s speech at Brown last week was well attended, packing Salomon 101, and many overflows stayed in 001 to watch the simulcast. No one booed, his jokes were well received and he even got a standing ovation. The following day, The Herald released poll results showing that 86.1 percent of Brown students support Obama compared to just six percent for McCain. To my knowledge, the majority of Huckabee’s constituency overlaps with McCain’s, not Obama’s. So why did over 600 Brown students show up to listen to a speech by a socially and fiscally conservative Republican? Perhaps most of us were just interested in the star factor that Huckabee brings: One of the perks of being a Brown student is that we get to see national and international figures up close, and this was simply one more of those opportunities. And while Huckabee supporters and other Republicans surely helped fill some of the seats, most of the audience was less receptive to Huckabee’s platform. Most Brown students vehemently disagree with much of Huckabee’s

platform, and many don’t want to engage with those that they can’t find commonality with, as we see on campus every day. That’s what made Huckabee so appealing. Liberal Democrats, socially liberal moderates and liberal conservatives found commonality with him. Unlike the majority of evangelical Republicans, who many Brown students view as overly eager to interfere with their personal lives, Huckabee is one of the most likeable, soft spoken, articulate and overall nicest politicians in the modern arena. When I listened to Huckabee, he came off

words, but more than any other Republican I’ve encountered in my lifetime, Huckabee professes an intense desire for the most American of ideals: debate. During his speech, he gave Americans more credit for intelligence and maturity than most politicians, stating that “Americans are capable of accepting diversity” and that we all need to engage in a “civil, adult level of conversation” about the issues rather than the negativity that currently dominates public discourse. Most importantly, he spoke of wanting “to engage with people who see the world

Mike Huckabee came to explain his views, answer our questions and paint a picture of his worldview for us. He didn’t patronize us, or try to convert us, but instead preached intellectual consideration of the issues and openness to criticism and debate. as such a nice guy that it almost lulled me into believing him. His rhetoric was egalitarian and he presented himself as an individual within — rather than as a representative of — his party. Although I disagree with almost every policy he suggested, and most of the time can’t comprehend how his ideas are even feasible, overall he seemed conscientious and willing to engage with his audience. Perhaps he was just being clever with

from a different lens” rather than only talking with and seeking advice from people who agree with his own views. “If I can’t handle it, then I need to check my own views,” he said of being confronted with strong opposition. That is the level of intellectual aptitude and maturity I want to see in our country’s leaders. Huckabee is not threatened by those who disagree with him, and for that he is the stronger person in his own beliefs, whether

or not I agree with him. He comes off as understanding Americans. His words and persona suggest that he has contemplated the issues that affect all of us. He was apt at using short phrases to sum up his policies without seeming to diminish our ability to comprehend. He spoke of America having “not a health care crisis, but a health crisis,” creating “a simple tax system that empowers people at the bottom,” appointing judges without a “religious litmus test” and scrutinizing the policy-making process by asking “how do we apply policies to the real challenges.” He simplified because he believes in simple solutions rather than speaking down to voters. Huckabee didn’t come to Brown to stump for McCain. He came to explain his views, answer our questions and paint a picture of his worldview for us. He didn’t patronize us, or try to convert us, but instead preached intellectual consideration of the issues and openness to criticism and debate. This attitude probably explains how he succeeded in such a locally Democratic state as Arkansas, home of Bill Clinton. It might also suggest that Arkansas produces great orators an all sides. Unlike many Republicans and Democrats who talk down to voters, refuse debate and seek to beat the other side rather than secure a victory for Americans, Huckabee represents the moral high road of what a politician is, and what politics in America could be.

Susannah Kroeber ‘11 can’t wait to see Huckabee and Palin face of in 2012.

Back on the losing end By William Martin Opinions Columnist I hope you all had fun last Tuesday — either by celebrating our first competent president in eight years and our first black president ever, or by ecstatically mourning the rout of the Republican party. In a surprise to nobody, the Republicans were slaughtered. Months before the election, one senior operative compared his party to expired dog food, and last week it was taken off the shelf. The opposition party even has a marginal chance of losing the ability to filibuster in the Senate — the recount in Minnesota, the runoff in Georgia and the last ballots in Alaska could still hand the Democrats the three additional victories it needs to command 60 seats. President-elect Barack Obama and his allies — filibuster-proof or not — are much more likely to do good for this country than the Republican party’s current incarnation, had it somehow been given yet another chance. The steady cavalcade of conservative defectors to the new president-elect in the final days of the campaign is ample evidence that this isn’t an ideological standpoint. But the nation cannot afford a continued Republican slide into radicalism and irrelevance. This election cycle, the Democrats put forward a very solid slate of proposals and candidates that far outclassed their opponents. But that’s no guarantee for the future. If the Democrats let the country down, we’ll need a robust opposition waiting in the wings. As many conservatives realized this time around, a government that doesn’t adhere to all of your values is preferable to one that’s dangerously inept. So I’m joining the immense chorus yammering free advice —

most of it worth the price — to America’s beleaguered right. During his failed bid, John McCain repeatedly declared that his party was in the doghouse because it had abandoned the bedrock principle inherited from Ronald Reagan: Pare the government down to its most essential functions. This was absurd on its face. Over the past eight years, Washington Republicans had some of their greatest successes when they ignored this maxim — for most voters, the expansion of the Medicare drug benefit is among the few positive legacies of the past

more prudent government investment in infrastructure and technological research, and social-issues policies that give more weight to substantive impacts on American life than to ideological stridency. These are all arenas where both parties have repeatedly failed. Far-sighted and courageous Republican leaders will carefully cultivate this approach and ignore the petulant whining of the spoiled right wing when they choose who to back in the next midterm and presidential primaries. If there are enough of them, their party could woo back independents and moderate

The best theme for revitalizing the Republican party is not less government but better government. eight years. When they kept Reagan’s creed in mind, the results were very different — the Bush administration attempted to contract the Environmental Protection Agency’s regulatory mandate by fiat, and allowed bureaucratic turf wars to cripple the Federal Emergency Management Agency. So don’t buy that malarkey. The best theme for revitalizing the Republican party is not less government but better government — starting with more precisely targeted regulation of financial markets and environmental hazards,

defectors, as well as gaining a foothold among Hispanic voters. This endlessly discussed demographic voted two-to-one for Obama, not because Hispanics automatically favor the party with a more lenient stance on immigration, but because more than a third are immigrants whose party loyalty is relatively malleable. The 2012 primaries are a long way off. But currently the most eligible presidential standard-bearer for the good-government reinvention of the Republican Party is the cash-rich and credibility-poor former Mas-

sachusetts governor Mitt Romney. This born chameleon inherited the skin of an Eisenhower Republican from his father, wore it as the liberal governor of Massachusetts, and traded it in to run as a right-wing insurgent against John McCain’s presidential candidacy. His capacity for efficient and pragmatic management was honed and proven during his tenure at the top of Bain Capital and the Massachusetts government. As economic uncertainty roiled the country, Romney’s background in finance helped him win over 35 percent of likely 2012 Republican primary voters in a recent poll. Still, handicapped by his wooden public speaking style and his Mormon faith (which many Republicans baselessly consider suspect), Romney would have difficulty metamorphosizing back into a good-government center-rightist. Even if this strategy can find a better champion than Romney, it runs the risk of turning Republicans into Democrat Lite, which has enormous pitfalls. Few candidates can successfully sell themselves as a more competent version of their opponents. But moderate Republicans — particularly this election’s turncoats — should beware the party’s current trajectory. If the Republicans stick with their current strategy — cripple the government and whip up the base — they could be forced to wait in the wilderness until Democrats fail so catastrophically that voters have no choice but to put the radical right back into power. If they walk that path, they could dwindle to a bitter, anemic remnant as many on the left are gleefully predicting. That’s not just bad for the conservative agenda. In the long run, it will hurt this country. I don’t want that. Do you? William Martin ’10 knows that nowadays it just don’t pay to be a good ol’ boy.

S ports T uesday Page 12

Tuesday, November 11, 2008

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

W. soccer ends season on a high note with win over Yale Football’s offense stalls for first loss By Jason Wade Sports Staff Writer

In an exciting finish to the women’s soccer team’s season and its seniors’ careers at Brown, the Bears (7-6-4, 3-3-1 Ivy) pulled off a win in the closing minutes of overtime, defeating Yale (8-7-2, 2-4-1 Ivy) by a score of 2-1. Saturday night’s victory snaps a four-year losing streak against Yale, with Brown’s last win against the Bulldogs coming in 2003. Entering the game, the two teams had identical Ivy records. A game-winning goal by Sylvia Stone ’11 moved the Bears into fourth place in the final Ivy standings. “It was really significant,” said tri-captain Lindsay Cunningham ’09. “(Head) Coach (Phil Pincince) had told us that winning this game would put us in the top half of the Ivy League. Yale had the same record as us and we had never beaten Yale in my four years at Brown, so it was pretty cool.” On an emotional night for the team, the Bears said goodbye to the Class of 2009. Six seniors took the field with their families before the game as they were honored for their careers. “It was ver y surreal,” Jamie Mize ’09 said, “but also nice to know that my family still supported me through all these years, and it was a nice way of ending my career. ... The win was just an add-on, but it was amazing to end on a win.” With the beginning of the game came wet and rainy conditions, leading to cautious play by both teams. At the 11:34 mark, however, Yale took a 1-0 lead with the game’s second shot. Tri-captain goalkeeper Brenna Hogue ’10 came off of her line to stop the shot, but coming from 20 yards out, it was lofted over her head and into the net. The Bears and the Bulldogs both had several quality opportunities throughout the rest of the first half. Hogue recorded three more saves, maintaining the 1-0 deficit, and with less than two minutes remaining in the half, she was injured while making two incredible back-to-back saves. After a twenty-minute cessation in play during which Hogue was tended to by medical staff, Steffi Yellin ’10 replaced Hogue in goal.

By Benjy Asher Sports Editor

Justin Coleman / Herald

The women’s soccer team ended its season with a bang, defeating Yale in the final minutes of overtime and placing fourth in the final Ivy standings. The second half witnessed increased intensity from the Bears, who had a 12-7 shot advantage. With just under six minutes left in the second half, Stone tied the game with a header into the net that came off a cross from Cunningham. Two overtime periods ensued, during which Yellin came off her line multiple times. Her daring play managed to stop multiple Yale scoring threats in both the first and second overtimes, in addition to her three saves from the second

half. Stone finished off the Bulldogs with less than three minutes left in the game, with a corner kick that deflected off a Yale defender and ricocheted into the goal. On the season, Brown improved upon its record from last year (6-101, 3-4-0 Ivy), both overall and within the Ivies. Last year, Pincince had said that the goal for the coming year was to finish in the top half of the conference, and this year the team accomplished that goal. “I thought it was a very strong,

rewarding 2008 season,” Pincince said. “I’m really pleased that this team was able to refocus at the end of the year. ... It showed we didn’t quit.” Pincince also commended the seniors, saying, “I thought from the time they came onto this campus as freshmen, the maturity and dedication and their leadership skills as a class have really blossomed.” Cunningham finished the season continued on page 9

Men’s hockey defeated by Clarkson, ties St. Lawrence By Dan Alexander Contributing Writer

Ashley Hess / Herald File Photo

The men’s hockey team’s weekend was up and down with a loss and a tie.

The men’s hockey team fell to No. 15 Clarkson on Friday night but rebounded with a tie against St. Lawrence on Saturday. The Clarkson game 1 Brown finished 3-1, but was close Clarkson 3 throughout. The following Brown 2 night’s matchSt. Lawrence 2 up against St. Lawrence ended in a 2-2 tie. The weekend began on a rough note, when Clarkson’s Louke Oakley beat goalie Dan Rosen ’10, under three minutes after the puck dropped. But things turned around with three minutes left in the first period, when Eric Slais ’09 was sent to

the penalty box, leaving Clarkson on a power play. With Clarkson a man up, Mike Stuart ’09 broke loose from the neutral zone and took a shot from the right faceoff circle at Clarkson goalie Paul Karpowich. Karpowich blocked the shot, but Stuart regained the loose puck and knocked in the rebound, tying the game 1-1. The second period was scoreless, but Brown’s penalty kill was indicative of its play throughout the night. In four power play chances in the second period, Clarkson managed only two shots. After the Brown penalty kill had faltered the previous weekend, giving up four power-play goals, the team “did a lot of work on it during the week,” Head Coach Roger Grillo said. The work paid continued on page 9

On Saturday, the football team (5-3, 4-1 Ivy) suffered its first Ivy League loss of the season, when a smothering Yale defense and mistakes by the Brown of13 fense handed the Yale Bears a 13-3 loss. Brown 3 The team is now in a three-way tie atop the Ivy League standings, along with Harvard and Penn. After the offense was forced to punt on its first drive, the Bears caught a break on the ensuing punt return, when the Yale kick returner fumbled, and cornerback Nkosi Still ’09 recovered the loose ball at the Yale 18-yard line. But Brown squandered a scoring opportunity when, on third-and-6, the pass from quarterback and co-captain Michael Dougherty ’09 was picked off at the 10-yard line, giving the Bulldogs the ball back. It was an erratic day for Dougherty, who completed 28-of-54 passes for 275 yards, and threw two interceptions. The Yale defense was also effective in containing receiver Bobby Sewall ’10, who came in averaging 106.3 receiving yards per game, but on Saturday was held to just 45 yards on four receptions. The Brown defense came out strong early in the game, not allowing the Bulldogs to penetrate any further than the Brown 44 in the first quarter, which ended in a scoreless tie. The defensive line made its presence felt, with one sack by tackles David Howard ’09 and Joseph McPhee ’09, and another by lineman Wale Adedokun ’09 early in the second quarter. “We had great performances up front. The defensive line really came to play and made a lot of big plays,” wrote linebacker Steve Ziogas ’09 in an e-mail to The Herald. “We got a couple calls against us but, we played up to our motto: Bend; don’t break.” Early in the second quarter, Bruno got on the board first, on a drive starting from its own 25. Running back Dereck Knight ’08.5 carried the ball six times for 40 yards on the drive, and Dougherty converted a third-down opportunity with an eightyard completion to receiver Buddy Farnham ’10, who finished the game with seven catches for 64 yards. The Bears moved the ball down to the Yale 22, and kicker Robert Ranney ’08.5 kicked a 39-yard field goal to put Brown ahead 3-0 with 8:52 remaining in the first half. “On that drive the offense was just clicking,” wrote Knight, who finished with 12 carries for 48 yards on the day. After that field goal, though, the Bears failed to generate any more offense, and finished the game with a season-low three points. The Yale defense “sat back a lot … and they kept a lot of guys deep to try and make sure they didn’t give up the big play,” Knight wrote. “However, that’s not why we only scored three points. In the end we beat ourselves by not playing to the best of our abilities and not capitalizing on our opportunities.” The Bulldogs tied the game up with a field goal less than three continued on page 9