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W E D N E S D A Y OCTOBER 2, 2002

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD Volume CXXXVII, No. 83

An independent newspaper serving the Brown community since 1891

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U. to hire diversity chief, Simmons tells faculty Arming Brown Police may take two years, Simmons says BY JULIETTE WALLACK

President Ruth Simmons outlined her plans for hiring a director of diversity, discussed University financial shortfalls and said that arming Brown Police could take up to two years at Tuesday’s faculty meeting. The University was one of few institutions with a positive return on its endowment last year, Simmons told a packed Salomon 001. Though the return of 0.3 percent on the endowment was “very modest,” Simmons said, it was not disappointing given that the average return for universities was minus 4 percent. Simmons said one of the reasons for the positive return in the midst of such a poor economic climate was a change in the investment office that allowed officials to diversify the University’s investment portfolio. Simmons said she is now focused on two areas of the University’s budget: fundraising and financial aid. She would like to increase significantly the number of donors who give to Brown each year, she said. She is confident that the number of donors and the size of the Brown Alumni Fund can be increased, especially see FACULTY, page 8 Ellen Bak / Herald

Experts highlight of US-led Ethiopian dance troupe performs for dangers invasion of Iraq Gilat Bayne and Aman Chole of the Eskesta Dance Theater perform traditional shoulder dance in Solomon 101.

packed house in effort to share culture BY GEORGE HAWS

When Jordan Elpern-Waxman ‘04, president of the Jewish Multicultural Club, first arranged for the Ethiopian-Israeli Eskesta Dance Theater to perform on campus, he was worried, he said. With “as few as 60 people” having previously attended JMC events, the prospect of empty seats in Salomon 101 seemed a real possibility. But the dance troupe performed to a full house Tuesday night, with about 600 in attendance. They prayed, stomped, shook, swayed, sang, kicked, chanted and otherwise gyrated for about an hour in an effort to share their culture — that of the Beta-Israelis or Ethiopian Jews — drawing a standing ovation. Eskesta means “shoulder dance” in Amharic, the official language of Ethiopia. Ruth Eshel, the troupe’s artistic director, gave this name to the troupe when she founded it at the University of Haifa in the mid-1990s. Eshel, a lecturer in multidisciplinary studies at the University of Haifa, is a former professional dancer, choreographer and a dance critic for the Hebrew daily Ha’aretz. She has danced with many companies, including the prestigious Batsheva Dance Company. The dance program, called the “Dances of the Beta-Israel: Past and Present,” focused mainly on shoulder dancing, or eskesta, in which the shoulders “undulate vertically” and “move hor-

izontally as does the head,” according to the dance program. The dances then increased “in speed and intensity,” and the dancers’ shoulders began “to jerk vertically, horizontally, or backward, sometimes twisting.” The performance, presented by the University of Haifa and the American Society of the University of Haifa, began with a series of Beta-Israeli prayers chanted in Ge’ez, an ancient tongue now used only for prayer. These prayers, passed from generation to generation by oral tradition, are the most important aspect of the Beta-Israeli culture, Eshel said. “This is a unique Jewish heritage,” she said. “Eskesta is the only group in the world to sing these prayers today.” The group also incorporated other forms of traditional and modern Ethiopian dance, including a mélange of Ethiopian tribal dances, a “Love Duet” and a modern dance in which the members wore jeans and t-shirts. For most of the performance, however, the dancers wore traditional Amharan dress. “I always liked to … use national fabrics,” Eshel said. The troupe aims to preserve the community’s ancient liturgies, bringing folklore to dance and creating artistic dance based on movements which characterize the community, Eshel said. And that community has undergone

great trials just to exist today. Eshel described a kingdom that existed from the 6th to 16th century and evolved from an ancient Judaic tribe. But as the Christian Inquisition came from the east and Islam came from the north, the kingdom was squeezed into a smaller and smaller area and eventually collapsed, she said. The remaining Jewish tribes clung desperately to their heritage despite intense persecution, but and when they heard about Operation Moses, the Israeli government’s plan to liberate them, they undertook a second Exodus across the Sudan desert to waiting Israeli aircraft — and many thousands died along the way, she said. Today, Israel is home to around 80,000 Beta-Israelis. Of the members of the Eskesta Dance Theater, one trekked across the Sudan desert when she was seven, and two were born in in that desert. One dancer’s family took two-and-a-half years to complete its journey. “We are very happy to be in the U.S., especially Providence,” said Aman Chole, a student in the Departments of Geography and Multidisciplinary Studies at the University of Haifa. “We bring two countries and two cultures (together) on one stage.” The troupe has already visited Chicago, Milwaukee, Decater, Columbus, New York and Boston. This is their first U.S. tour.

I N S I D E W E D N E S D AY, O C T O B E R 2 , 2 0 0 2 Professor Marion Orr to head professional political scientist association page 3

Award winning novelist describes the threedimensional sentence to students page 5

Long-time activist Eric Mann discusses racial and social injustice and calls students to action page 5

BY JULIA ZUCKERMAN

Despite the danger involved in a U.S. invasion of Iraq and the possible ineffectiveness of such an invasion, the Bush administration will likely receive broad international support for war, a panel of experts said last night in a public discussion, “The Politics of War with Iraq.” Panelists offered analysis and opinions on the proposed invasion from the perspective of strategy, international theory, U.S. domestic politics and international responses in Europe and the Middle East. Professor of Political Science P. Terrence Hopmann said the Bush administration has not shown the current situation to meet conditions to justify a preemptive strike. Under “just war” theory, the primary conditions of such a strike are that the targeted country pose a “direct and imminent threat” to the attacker, and that the strike be undertaken as a “last resort,” Hopmann said. Iraq, still struggling to rebuild its nuclear weapons program after the United Nations Special Commission dismantled it, does not pose an imminent threat to the United States he said. Neta Crawford, an associate research professor at the Watson Institute, said a U.S. strategy of pre-emption could prove counterproductive. “The military elements of the strategy emphasize pre-emption to an unprecedented degree,” she said. “Pre-emption may not be the best prevention.

see IRAQ, page 9

TO D AY ’ S F O R E C A S T Sarah Green ’04 says new legislation gives unborn fetuses more rights than moms column,page 11

Men’s cross country places third out of 25 in New York City tournament sports,page 12

partly cloudy high 81 low 65

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

THIS MORNING WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002 · PAGE 2 Pornucopia Eli Swiney

W E AT H E R TODAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

High 81 Low 65 partly cloudy

High 70 Low 52 showers

High 71 Low 61 showers

High 76 Low 55 showers GRAPHICS BY TED WU

A story of Eddie Ahn

CALENDAR WORKSHOP — “Why are a Third of People Indian and Chinese? Trade, Industrialization and Demographic Transition,” Oded Galor, Brown. Room 301, Robinson Hall, 4 p.m. LECTURE — “Ovidius Exulans in Corsica: The Liber Epigrammation of Pseudo-Seneca,” Niklas Holzberg, University of Munich. Room 102, McFarlane House, 5:30 p.m.

My Best Effort Andy Hull and William Newman

CROSSWORD ACROSS 1 Navigates the rapids, perhaps 6 Comeback: Abbr. 9 Snap course 14 Uncanny 15 Amateur 16 Close, as a jacket 17 Michelangelo work 18 Shirley Temple need 20 Quite a while 21 Women’s mag titillation 23 Winning more at the slots, say 25 Sideshow site 29 “__, There and Everywhere”: Beatles 30 Caen clergyman 32 Tint 33 Like well-worn jeans 35 Little League precursor 36 Lupino of “High Sierra” 37 Image receiving homage 38 Question of location 39 Arouse 40 Short life story? 41 Bar belts 42 Borscht ingredients 43 Elegist’s “eternally” 44 Sleeper and diner 45 Powwow 46 Reddish brown 48 Checkbook column 51 Mythical symbols of purity 54 Savings acct. entry 55 Argument activator 58 Bulb filler 60 Barely burn 61 __ Na Na 62 Conductor Zubin 63 Tempt a trooper 64 Down 65 Gorges DOWN 1 Turn back

2 Grade school quintet 3 They often lead to a patio 4 “__-Willow”: “The Mikado” song 5 Cormorant, e.g. 6 Inspirational author Horatio 7 Artless one 8 Lip-__ 9 Old Testament prophet 10 Broadcast 11 Soaking spot 12 Deborah’s “The King and I” costar 13 Copy 19 Take a chance 22 Wide size 24 Boat stabilizer 26 Damsel’s rescuer 27 Taxpayer’s concern 28 Ages 30 Lends a hand to a hood 31 Con’s constraints 33 __ optics 34 Farewell 35 Red-bearded god

38 Hypothetical 39 Emmy winner Ward 41 Like sachets 42 Some firs 45 Change on the beach? 47 Power jolt 48 Theme of this puzzle 49 Bill featuring Franklin

50 Bunsen burner cousins 52 Swear 53 Govt. workplace watchdog 55 Snake’s warning 56 Oft-swiveled joint 57 Bill featuring Washington 59 Stephen of “In Dreams”

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ACADEMIC WATCH WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002 · PAGE 3

Watson to study first Russian census Abbott directs lung cancer screening BY DANIELLE WAINER

As part of its “Politics, Culture and Identity” research program, the Watson Institute for International Studies is in the midst of conducting an analysis of the first Russian census since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. The project, “The Census and Identity Project,” will focus on the politics of the 2002 Russian census and the census’ relation to larger questions of nationality and identity. The forthcoming Russian census, scheduled to take place from Oct. 9 to Oct. 15, will be administered by the Russian State Committee of Statistics, which is the Russian equivalent of the United States Census Bureau. The 2002 Russian census marks the first attempt by Russia to count and categorize its population in 13 years. Russia is an enormous state, with a population of 150 million in 89 provinces. More than 20 are defined according to ethnic principles. Of the post-Soviet states, only Russia uses ethnicity to determine internal boundaries of territorial autonomy. The first phase of the Watson Institute’s Census and Identity Project involved an investigation of previously published literature on the politics of race, ethnicity and language in national censuses across the globe. “There’s a lot of interesting information out there, but it was never put together,” said Dominique Arel, assistant professor of research at the Watson Institute and one of the coordinators of the Census Project. Arel and co-editor David Kertzer, professor of anthropology, published the results of their compilation, “Census and Identity: The Politics of Race, Ethnicity and Language in National Censuses” this year. The professors next sent researchers to study the censuses in various former Soviet states, including the Ukraine, the Baltic states, Kazakhstan and Belarus. It was in this phase that the Watson Institute secured the collaboration of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology in Moscow headed by Valery Tishkov and received a

BY MARION BILLINGS

substantial grant for its research from the Carnegie Corporation in New York. The Watson Institute formed a team of 25 people who will go to Russia to observe the upcoming Russian census. This group includes four people from the Watson Institute including Arel and Kertzer, Juliette Cadiot, a postdoctoral fellow, and Lisa Koriuchkina, a graduate research assistant. It also includes five people from the Institute in Moscow, including Tishkov, nine scholars from American-based campuses and eight French scholars. The Carnegie grant also allows the Watson Institute to support an existing network of local correspondents in Russia, called the Network of Ethnic Monitoring, Arel said. Implemented by Tishkov about a decade ago in over 40 locations in former Soviet states, the network consists of a group of scholars who report periodically on the developments on ethnic matters related to the census. One major issue of concern surrounding the Russian census is the deep-rooted suspicion among Russians of any state interference in private life, Arel said. “In Russia, they’re interested in trying to get a sense of the income of people, and they won’t be able to do this because that’s the one question where people absolutely do not trust the state,” Arel said. This and other kinds of specific information that only a census can provide, however, are critical to the future allocation of welfare services, Arel said. The government, with the help of the media, is conducting a public relations campaign to achieve maximum participation and to alleviate this suspicion. “There is a general mistrust, but we shouldn’t exaggerate it, and it doesn’t mean that the census will be a disaster,” Arel said. After the census, Arel, Kertzer and Tishkov will hold a conference of about 50 people in Moscow on Oct. 18 and 19. The Watson Institute will hold a conference on the census on April 7 and 8, 2003. see RUSSIA, page 6

Dr. Gerald Abbott of the Brown Medical School is conducting a nationwide study of techniques used to diagnose lung cancer at Rhode Island Hospital. The National Lung Screening Trial will span eight years, during which doctors will compare chest X-rays to spiral CT scans to determine which diagnostic tool eventually results in fewer deaths from lung cancer. The trial, which was officially launched on Sept. 24 by the National Cancer Institute, is being conducted at 30 hospitals around the nation. Either a chest X-ray or a spiral CT scan will be administered annually for three consecutive years to current and former heavy smokers between the ages of 55 to 74. The study, which is a randomized, controlled trial, will follow the subjects until 2009. Among the participants who develop lung cancer, mortality rates of those who received chest X-rays will be compared with those who received CT scans. President George Bush announced the

study at a White House press conference on Sept. 19. Approximately 50,000 subjects across the nation are expected to participate in the study. Rhode Island Hospital is hoping to enroll between 1,000 and 1,500 people over the next 18 months. So far, 77 people have contacted Rhode Island Hospital about participating in the study, 68 of whom were eligible. The hospital has experienced a “good response to the national launch,” said Wendy Smith, a research coordinator for the study at the hospital. Chest X-rays, a more traditional diagnostic tool, create a two-dimensional image of the lungs on which abnormal tissue, such as tumors, can be detected. Spiral CT scans construct an effectively three-dimensional image of the lungs. CT scans use X-rays as well, but the data is collected by a computer, rather than film, which can determine the depth and location of abnormal tissue. With a CT scan, radiologists can look at see HOSPITAL, page 6

Prof Orr to head political science group BY JESSICA TOOKER

Professor Marion Orr will begin his oneyear term as a leader of one of the most notable professional associations of political scientists next September. Orr, a professor of political science and urban studies, will assume the presidency of the urban politics and urban policy section of the American Political Science Association following his inauguration in Philadelphia. As president, Orr said he will chair the executive council of the urban politics and policy section of the APSA. He will lead and organize all section meetings and panels, appoint chairs of committee sections work with the urban policy and politics section treasurer to oversee funding and represent the section within the APSA. Orr currently teaches the undergraduate seminar “Urban Politics and Urban

Political Policy” and the graduate seminar “African American Political Behavior.” In addition to his work as a professor, Orr has published many research articles, received multiple fellowships and authored both “Black Social Capital: The Politics of School Reform in Baltimore” and “The Color of School Reform: Race, Politics and the Challenge of Urban Education.” “It’s no surprise to me that (Orr) would be selected to lead an important division in our profession’s most important organization,” said Professor of political science John Tomasi. As the chair of the political science department, Orr “showed remarkable grace, wisdom and ability through a whole series of challenging situations,” Tomasi added. see ORR, page 4

PAGE 4 THE BROWN DAILY HERALD WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002

Orr continued from page 3 During his undergraduate years, his interest in city politics led him to be active in local issues and politics, Orr said. Later, he studied U.S. government and politics, focusing on urban politics. He joined the APSA while a graduate student at the University of Maryland. Although Orr said his new office will not impact his duties at Brown, his involvement with the APSA will “signal to the broader political science community that at Brown there is a political scientist who has been recognized by his peers and col-

leagues through this appointment,” Orr said. Orr’s term will also allow him to make unique contributions to the political science and urban studies departments, he said. “I will be able to gain insights to new adventures and new efforts within the APSA … and I could share those with my colleagues,” Orr said. Furthering communication within the political science association, the urban politics and policy section promotes the teaching and study of urban politics and policy, the organization’s Web site says. The urban politics and policy section sponsors several events to encourage further study of the discipline, including an annual

meeting during which graduate students are given the opportunity to interact with leading members of the field, Orr said. The section also gives awards each year, including Best Book and Dissertation on Urban Politics award, the Norton Long Young Scholars award, the Norton Long Career award and the Byron Jackson award. The latter consists of financial support to a graduate student researching racial and ethnic politics in urban areas. Elected by current members of the APSA through nomination and selection by an executive committee, Orr said he is “honored that my colleagues have given me the opportunity to serve in this leadership position.”

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

CAMPUS NEWS WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002 · PAGE 5

Mann calls for action Gass rewrites sentence, sees 3D structure against U.S. injustices BY STEPHEN KILAR

BY VICTORIA HARRIS

Long-time activist Eric Mann discussed racial and social injustices inherent in the United States and capitalism last night in his talk, “The Challenge of September 11 to the Progressive and Left Movements: Toward an antiracist, Anti-imperialist Strategy of Resistance.” Mann discussed the reparations movement in relation to the history of the United States, stating that the United States was founded as a white settler state, and because of this, slavery is not a historical issue but an “operative issue. “The key to understanding the United States is that it was not a country built on a wonderful tradition of freedom and democracy as you have been told,” Mann said. The first step in reparations, Mann said, is to restore the actual historical record and acknowledge that white Americans living prior to the Civil War benefited materially from slavery. “We need people who are not loyal to their government and not loyal to their culture and not loyal to their history but loyal to the truth,” Mann said. This is particularly important after Sept. 11, 2001, Mann said, reflecting that the initial reaction was a surge of patriotism, including a renewed importance of the song “God Bless America.” “What kind of national anthem is this that this country is blessed by a god?” Mann said. “Is it God that lets the United States invade almost every country in the world?” The new strategic doctrine of pre-emption will allow the United States to attack any government that it does not agree with, Mann said. “The core of the Bush doctrine is that if you want to nationalize industry … if you want to pull out of the World Trade Organization … if you want to simply socialize part see MANN, page 8

Vehicle damage, larceny highlight crime report BY SAM SHULMAN

Several accounts of larceny and vehicle damage were reported to the Department of Public Safety between Sept. 16 and Sept. 25, according to DPS reports. Between 10:30 p.m. on Sept. 21 and 1 a.m. on Sept. 22, a 22-inch hookah was taken from a room in Buxton House. The window to the room had been left unsecured and the screen had been cut. The hookah has an estimated value of $100. At 117 Hope St., between 10 p.m. on Sept. 22 and 8 a.m. on Sept. 23, a basement window was smashed and a bicycle was stolen. The blue Trek-820 bicycle, which had been secured with a Kryptonite lock and is registered with Operation I.D., is estimated to be worth $320. Another bicycle was stolen from Ives Street between 9:45 p.m. and 11:45 p.m. on Sept. 20. The black and gray Giant Hybrid bicycle is valued at $350. A $200 Aiwa stereo was stolen from a car parked in front of the Watson Institute for International Studies between 6 p.m. on Sept. 17 and 7 p.m. on Sept. 18. The front passenger window of the car had been smashed. Between 3 p.m. on Sept. 16 and 10:45 a.m. on Sept. 17, the front passenger window of a car parked on Brown Street was smashed and several items from the car were taken. On Sept. 20 the driver’s side mirror was broken off of two different cars in two different parking lots. At 9:30 a.m., a woman reported her side mirror broken off her car in lot 64, and at 4:45 p.m., a man reported his side mirror broken off his car in lot 54. Between 10 p.m. on Sept. 19 and 2:10 a.m. on Sept. 20, the driver’s side mirror had been completely removed and the passenger’s side mirror had been partially detached from a car parked on Brook Street. On Sept. 25 a woman reported that between 9 a.m. and 6:15 p.m. heavy damage had been done to the roof of her vehicle. A Sprint PCS 6000 cellular phone valued at $200 was taken from a room in Keeney Quad at around noon on Sept. 19. The room had been left unlocked. On Sept. 23, between 12:30 p.m. and 1:50 p.m., a locker was forcibly broken into at Smith Swim Center and several items were removed. All the items were recovered in a nearby locker with the exception of $200 in cash.

Award winning novelist and essayist William Gass challenged Brown writers to take a deeper look into their art Tuesday at two on-campus lectures. Gass is the author of “In the Heart of the Heart of the Country,” “Tests of Time” and other fiction and literary theory works. He read his novel-in-progress and spoke to about 40 members of the Brown community at the John Hay Library Tuesday afternoon, and to a full house in Lower Solomon in the evening. During both events, Gass discussed sentence structure, current trends in writing and his developments in literary theory. Throughout the afternoon conversation, Gass described his new theory on the three-dimensional architectural structure of the sentence. He and his wife, an architect, have been working on a book entitled “Body, Book and Building,” which uses architectural design and floor plans to diagram sentences. “We’ve been working on the book for 10 years,” Gass said. “We’ll probably be working on it for 10 more.” The evening reading featured a section of the novel he is currently writing about an Austrian family that flees Europe during World War II. The novel follows the family’s son as he travels to Ohio and grows up creating a false identity as a music professor. The section Gass shared is entitled “The Inhumanity Museum.” Additionally, Gass read some poems he had translated into English and said that translating a work is fascinating because it allows a deeper understanding of the text. He also read six humorous limericks that are in his new work. He said he enjoys writing limericks because they “inhibit seriousness. “One of the things I believe a writer should be is offensive,” he said. “Political correctness is just another form of infantile fascism.” After the afternoon lecture, a representative from the English department announced that the department was looking to hire Gass as a professor at large. If the University agrees to the appointment, Gass would coordinate an annual writing convention, the representative said. The convention would invite well-known writers and literary figures to speak of the University about issues in the world of writing. Brown may attempt a trial run of the idea this coming spring during an already planned convention about the perception of the United States abroad, the representative said. A diverse group attended Gass’ lectures, including students, staff and visitors to Brown. Sarah Jones, a visiting artist from Alabama, said she

Ellen Bak / Herald

Author William Gass encouraged students to look at sentences as three-dimensional structures.

“One of the things I believe a writer should be is offensive. Political correctness is just another form of infantile fascism.” William Gass

thought Gass’ concept of putting the structure of the sentence into a three-dimensional visual form was exciting. Chris Diken GS, a graduate student in creative writing, said he thought the conversation with Gass was well worth his time, and that “It would be a brilliant idea to make him a professor.” Gass said he was excited about the idea of being hired. “It’s always great to be at Brown — with so many productive writers,” he said. “If I could stay long enough, I could become productive too.”

Admins discuss disengagement, Bratton report BY AMY RUDDLE

Panelists debated the possible arming of Brown Police at a forum on public safety enhancements recommened in last year’s Bratton Report on campus policing Tuesday night in Carmichael Auditorium. The campus police policy of disengagement is one of the main reasons why the arming issue took center stage, said Vice President for Administration Walter Hunter, who also said he supports arming Brown Police officers. Under the disengagement policy, campus police are required to refrain from pursuit of a criminal and notify the Providence Police Department of the situation if the offender appears to be armed, he said. Hunter highlighted the need to end campus police officers’ disengagement policy, in order “to be truly effective against street crime.” Campus police officers need to be able to “arrest armed perpetrators, pursue fleeing suspects and make car stops. We cannot ask police officers to perform those tasks unarmed,” Hunter said. Students voiced concerns about arming campus police. They said enhanced diversity education must be included in Brown Police officers’ training. Increased diversity training will commence regardless of whether or not the police force is armed, said Dean for Campus Life Margaret Jablonski. Jablonski said she plans to include students in the training plans. “There is joint training going on between the Office of Student Life and (Brown Police),” she said. The Building Understanding Against Differences program, composed of students trained in theories of oppression and cultural differences, will be a major part of the diversity training process, Jablonski said. Panelists discussed what they described as adverse

effects of the disengagement policy. Bratton Consultant and Director of Public Policy for the Kramer Group Richard Aborn said some people were concerned the current disengagement policy has a negative effect on the Brown Department of Public Safety’s apprehension rates. Another problem the disengagement policy poses is that police, in most cases, will disregard the policy and not retreat from a crime scene where people are in danger, speakers said. The policy not only endangers members of the community who get attacked, but it also endangers members of the police force, Hunter said. Aborn responded to students who said that armingpolice could disrupt the “peaceful oasis” on campus. At universities with armed forces that the Bratton Group studied, there has never been the misuse of a firearm by a police officer, he said. Safety reforms already underway include the hiring of more Police officers, which increased the total number of Police officers by 43 percent, Hunter said. Brown Police Chief Paul Verrecchia stressed the need for increased communication with PPD. The Bratton Report recommended assigning a PPD detective to the Brown campus, as well as biweekly meetings between the PPD, Brown Police and RISD public safety. Administrators said the University has not made a decision regarding the arming of police. Aborn said that there are other options under consideration besides arming, including a possible modification of the disengagement policy. President Ruth Simmons will make the final decision, Aborn said. Alan Feliz ’03, president of the Undergraduate Council of Students, recommended that if students want more voice in the situation, they could attend the UCS town meeting on Thursday at 8 p.m.

PAGE 6 THE BROWN DAILY HERALD WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002

Russia continued from page 3 The results of the project will eventually be published and available to the public.

Hospital continued from page 3 multiple images that represent successive “slices” of tissue by which the three-dimensional shape and location of any abnormalities can be determined. “People could argue that the CT scan will pick up smaller objects, but not all those will be cancer. Many of them will not be,” Abbott said. “Meanwhile, it has tremendous implications to our health care system if you’re going to do advanced imaging and ongoing evaluation of myriad tiny things that turn out to be nothing.” Because CT scans can detect smaller objects, their use can be much more costly to the health care system. If a suspected lesion is found, further tests and biopsies may be necessary. Since CT scans are more likely to pick up abnormal tissues, they are also more likely to result in expensive procedures like biopsies. The national trial aims to determine whether CT scans are a better diagnostic tool than chest X-rays when it comes to lung cancer. Because CT scans can be more expensive than chest Xrays, Abbott said that it is important to determine if it is worth spending the money on spiral CT scans. “Chest X-ray may actually be better statistically. We don’t know. No one knows,” he said. There are approximately 90 million smokers in the country, Abbott said. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States, more so than breast, prostate, pancreas and colon cancers combined. Abbott is the director of chest radiology at Rhode Island Hospital and is an assistant professor of diagnostic imaging at the Brown Medical School. He is also a visiting scientist at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.

HERALD

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

WORLD & NATION WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002 · PAGE 7

IN BRIEF

Iraq agrees to return of U.N. arms inspectors VIENNA, Austria (Washington Post) — Under threat of attack

Bush, Ridge attack customs union over radiation detection policy WASHINGTON (Washington Post) — For a window on the homeland security debate, take the case of personal radiation detectors at the U.S. Customs Service and the months-long labor-management discussion about who would have to wear them. These six-ounce devices, which hang off a belt like a wireless pager, start beeping when they pick up radioactivity inside shipping containers. For the last three years, some Customs inspectors have worn them on a voluntary basis. After last year’s terrorist attacks, and new fears about weapons of mass destruction, Customs decided that their use would be mandatory at the nation’s 301 ports of entry. The policy change played out in correspondence and talks between Customs and the National Treasury Employees Union over several months. Now, the union’s role in the policy change has emerged as part of the high-stakes political battle over collective bargaining rights in the proposed Department of Homeland Security. For President Bush and his homeland security adviser, Tom Ridge, the case provides a prime example of how unions can slow down efforts to improve homeland security. For NTEU, the case shows that unions can raise questions even as they allow policy changes to go forward. The dispute began taking shape last week when Bush and Ridge singled out the union for criticism. Bush, speaking at a Houston fund-raiser, said Customs Service inspectors, because of union opposition,“refuse to carry radiation detectors. ...The leaders of that group say they’ve got to be voluntary — you can’t make a person carry ... one of those detectors.That doesn’t make any sense.”

by the United States, Iraq agreed Tuesday to permit the return of United Nations arms inspectors under current Security Council rules, promising unrestricted access to suspected weapons research facilities except for surprise visits to presidential palaces. Hailing the agreement as a step forward, U.N. officials said they expect to send an advance team to Baghdad by the end of the month. But the Bush administration insisted that the inspections — to verify whether Iraq has destroyed its chemical, biological and nuclear weapons programs — should resume only if the U.N. teams can operate under a new, far more intrusive Security Council resolution backed by the threat of force. President Saddam Hussein’s government declared in Baghdad that it will prohibit renewed inspections if the Security Council changes the rules as proposed by Washington. “To the evil ones ... we clearly say that if they imagine that drums of war which they are beating ... may push Iraq to concede its national rights and what has been guaranteed to it by the U.N. charter and relevant Security Council resolutions, they are mistaken,” said a statement issued after a Cabinet meetingpresided by Saddam. U.S. diplomats lobbied at the United Nations in search of votes for the proposed new resolution. So far, only Britain among the five veto-wielding Security Council members has voiced support for Washington’s determination to stiffen the inspection rules under threat of force. And even London has hesitated about endorsing the United States’ ultimate goal: overthrowing Saddam’s rule. U.N. diplomats said Russia and China have begun to support France’s proposal for a resolution requiring Iraq to comply with toughened weapons inspections, but without threatening military action as proposed by the Bush administration. France said that, instead, the council would consider a range of consequences if Iraq failed

to comply. Secretary of State Colin Powell, voicing the Bush administration’s stand, insisted anew that the U.N. inspectors can do their jobs properly only under the expanded authority outlined in the proposed new U.S. resolution. “We do not believe they should go back in under the old set of resolutions, under the old inspection regime,” he told reporters at the State Department. “We do not believe they should go in until they have new instructions in the form of a new resolution.” Against that background, Iraqi representatives at two days of talks here in Vienna seemed eager to get inspectors back into their country. “We are happy to reach an agreement,” said Amir al-Sadi, an adviser to Saddam who headed the Iraqi delegation. “We expect the advance party and experts to be in Iraq in about two weeks.” The inspectors left in 1998, after a rancorous period of disagreements over restrictions imposed by the Iraqis that led President Clinton to order a round of cruise missile strikes. According to the accord reached here, Iraq agreed to lift the delays and bureaucratic obstacles that hindered entry to an array of military, intelligence and other locales before 1998. However, Saddam’s presidential palaces would still be off limits to “immediate, unconditional and unrestricted access,” U.N. officials acknowledged. Limits on inspecting the palaces, some of which cover extensive grounds, are laid out in a memorandum of understanding negotiated between U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan and the Iraqi government, then endorsed by the Security Council. Among the restrictions is the requirement that international diplomats be present when inspectors go in. Revision of the memorandum was not on the agenda here despite the U.S. demands, and Iraq did not offer unilaterally to change the procedures.

PAGE 8 THE BROWN DAILY HERALD WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002

Mann continued from page 5 of your economy … the Bush doctrine says that the United States has the right to invade you,” he said. Mann said it is important to create a united front to organize against the injustices perpetuated by the United States. “Revolutionary organizing in the age of reaction involves changing consciousness and building structures,” Mann said. At a reception following the lecture, Kira Neel ’05 discussed

Faculty continued from page 1 given that the fund beat its fundraising goal by $2 million last year. But she said that as the economy slows, there is concern surrounding the financial aid budget, which projected shortfall of $3 million. That figure does not include the additional funds needed for need-blind admission. The projected shortfalls will not affect Simmons’ Initiative for Academic Enrichment immediately, she said, and “we knew it was important to build in flexibility” when laying out the plan. To that effect, she said there is a contingency fund that contains “upwards of $30 million” in case of severe economic problems, and certain parts of the initiatives, such as faculty expansion, can be delayed. But she said the University is “not abandoning the initiative.” Simmons told the faculty she hopes to launch a search for a director of diversity as part of her proposed restructuring of diversity efforts at Brown. That administrator will help the University focus a “high level of attention” on the diversification needs at Brown. Simmons said that efforts to diversify the campus are now “shaped not so much by legal requirements but by conscience and social inclusion.” Simmons said she does not have a specific person in mind for the position, but when appointed, the

the hectic lives of most college students and asked “ways that students can combine theories and ideas and put them into practice in real life.” “One thing you need to figure out is what you really want to do … Some people go through college and downplay their academic work. Other people become left scholars and that’s really valuable … but I think everything is about time management and setting your priorities honestly,” Mann said. Herald staff writer Victoria Harris ’03 can be reached vharris@browndailyherald.com.

newest member of the upper administration will be part of her cabinet. Simmons also discussed the Bratton Report on campus policing with the faculty, telling them she would like to make a decision this fall on whether or not to arm Brown Police officers. “I hope to conclude this discussion in the fall and move toward some kind of decision,” she said. Simmons said that if the decision is made to arm the force, it is “unlikely to lead to immediate issuance of firearms to officers,” and implementation will take place over one to two years. Simmons also spoke about the other efforts the University made to beef up security, including hiring private security guards. Those efforts, which have remained in effect this semester, cost the University $1 million each year, she said. The faculty also observed a moment of silence for former linguistics Professor W. Nelson Francis, who died on June 14. Francis, who was considered a pioneer in his field, published numerous textbooks and developed a computer database of over one million English words that is still used today. Professor of computer science John Savage presented a review and revisions to the proposed changes to faculty governance. Under the proposed changes, the number of faculty positions on governing bodies would decrease from 237 to 106. Herald staff writer Juliette Wallack ’05 can be reached at jwallack@browndailyherald.com.

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002 THE BROWN DAILY HERALD PAGE 9

Iraq continued from page 1 By announcing its intentions of striking first and disabling Iraqi military resources, the United States creates a “use it or lose it” situation that pushes Saddam Hussein toward striking first and decreases the likelihood of a peaceful resolution, Crawford said. “History tells us we ought not to leap into war without a better understanding of the potential outcome,” she said. Crawford added that while international theory justifies pre-emption in some circumstances, international law does not: it is illegal under the U.N. charter and other treaties. Moreover, Hopmann said, “there are a number of options that remain,” including targeted sanctions and meaningful weapons inspections, possibly with armed support. These strategies must be attempted before the Bush administration can conclude that invasion is necessary, he said. Crawford pointed to South Africa as an example of an unstable country gaining nuclear capability that — contrary to all predictions — was able to orchestrate a peaceful resolution and regime change. “What’s the lesson here? War is not necessarily inevitable,” she said. “Other strategies can and do work.” Other panelists analyzed the political consequences of the war at home and abroad. Associate Professor of political science Wendy Schiller said Congress is unlikely to offer any meaningful opposition to the president’s proposal. “The Congress just does not seem to be engaged in this issue,” she said, noting a contrast to the congressional response when the first President Bush sought support for U.S. involvement in the Gulf War in 1991. “Risk-averse” congressional Democrats do not want to hurt their cause in the upcoming midterm elections, Schiller said. The four Democratic senators who supported military involvement in the region in 1991 must support the war this time or risk appearing weak, she said. With those four votes exceeding the Democrats’ one-vote majority in the Senate, “Bush has already won,” she said. Melani Cammett, an assistant professor of political science, said the war places other Arab nations “in a delicate spot.” Regimes concerned with their own stability must balance their dependence on U.S. aid against the need to appease antiAmerican sentiment domestically. In the short term, “war with Iraq would probably not lead to the downfall of existing regimes,” she said, but added that supporting a U.S.-led war could have serious consequences in the long run. Jordan in particular is “highly dependent on trade with Iraq,” and with a large Palestinian population must avoid openly supporting the United States, Cammett said. But in the end, Iraq’s neighbors “will have no choice but to line up” in support of the war, she said. Professor of political science

Alan Zuckerman said opposition to Bush’s proposals in some European countries is “in large part driven by domestic politics in those countries.” British Prime Minister Tony Blair allied himself firmly with Bush, and in Germany, Prime Minister Gerhard Schroeder opposed the U.S. war as a “political calculation” to drum up support for the September elections, Zuckerman said. He said France and Russia are also withholding support for political reasons, and will support the United States if the Bush administration launches an invasion. “If and when the Americans act, no matter who acts with them, (these) other countries will fall in line behind the U.S.,” he said. When the discussion was opened up to the audience, some attendees questioned whether the Bush administration had ulterior motives in planning an invasion of Iraq, such as the desire to control Iraq’s valuable oil. One audience member called the president’s stated justifications for the invasion “lies and pretext,” drawing scattered applause. “Oil is actually not the central issue here,” Cammett said. She said an invasion “goes both ways” with regard to oil: it would eventually allow increased access to oil, but would raise gas prices in the short term. Hopmann said the prospect of invading now may be attractive to the president because the war will divert attention from the country’s economic woes during election season. President Bush may also believe that his father failed to win re-election in 1992 because of his failure to unseat Saddam Hussein in the Gulf War, Hopmann added. Another audience member was more supportive of preemptive action, saying he believes Iraq has recovered its nuclear capability since throwing out U.N. inspectors. “I share your concerns that UNSCOM was thrown out,” Hopmann said, but he stressed that invading will also be a risky — and bloody — undertaking. Unlike the war in Afghanistan, a war on Iraq will likely require a large-scale engagement of U.S. ground troops, including urban warfare, he said. Hopmann expressed concern that preoccupation with a war against Iraq will distract the Bush administration from its focus on terrorism. “The problem is actually a lot more complex, a lot more insidious,” he said. “There’s a real danger that we’ll miss the real threat. Crawford described what she called a “disturbing and irresponsible” lack of public discussion about the president’s proposals. She said the public should be trying to influence foreign policy, but the only group currently engaging in such discussion is the far right. “When issues of war and peace are on the table, we ought to have these discussions more often,” she said. The forum, which was sponsored by the Watson Institute for International Studies and the Department of Political Science, drew a capacity crowd to MacMillan 117.

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

EDITORIAL/LETTERS WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002 · PAGE 10 S T A F F

E D I T O R I A L

Arming Action The campus-wide debate over arming Brown Police is entering another year. The University did well by holding numerous forums for students and community members to have open dialogues with administrators and police about the arming issue. We laud these efforts and hope these forums provided administrators with a wide cross section of student and communitymember opinion. If people have additional input on the arming issue, now is the time to speak up. President Ruth Simmons told faculty members Tuesday that she plans to make a decision on arming this fall. Last semester, we learned that a confidential University report on campus safety, outside consultants and police officers all advocated arming police. A Herald poll with a margin of error of 6 percent showed that student opinion was mixed on the arming issue. Many facets of the Brown community have made their points on both sides of the issue. When Simmons makes her decision this semester, she must address all the opinions and issues that were raised in the reports, forums, polls and discussions. The University is rightly concerned about student welfare and the image of Brown as an unsafe place that prospective students may be developing. But if the University feels that arming police will protect students and officers alike, the implementation of such a decision cannot occur at a slug’s pace. At Tuesday’s faculty meeting, Simmons announced that the University will decide on the arming issue soon but that it could take two full years to arm police. This is unacceptable. University police officers are fully trained like other municipal police officers. This is, in fact, one of the arguments made for arming Brown Police officers. While we recommend officers receive diversity training and other specialized instruction before being armed, we can’t imagine why it could take four semesters to arm the police. If the University deems that the Brown campus is not as safe as it could be, and that our police officers are placed in danger because of the disengagement policy, there is no time to delay. The decision that the University arrives at regarding arming police may not be popular with everyone, but the administration did a wonderful job getting opinion from all parts of campus. Many people think that College Hill is a dangerous place, and if the University thinks that arming police will make it safer now, it must find a way to do it in less than two years.

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD EDITORIAL Beth Farnstrom, Editor-in-Chief Seth Kerschner, Editor-in-Chief David Rivello, Editor-in-Chief Will Hurwitz, Executive Editor Sheryl Shapiro, Executive Editor Elena Lesley, News Editor Brian Baskin, Campus Watch Editor Carla Blumenkranz, Arts & Culture Editor Stephanie Harris, Academic Watch Editor Juliette Wallack, Metro Editor Victoria Harris, Opinions Editor

BUSINESS Stacey Doynow, General Manager Jamie Wolosky, Executive Manager Joe Laganas, Senior Accounts Manager Moon-Suk Oh, Marketing Manager David Zehngut, National Accounts Manager Lawrence Hester, University Accounts Manager Bill Louis, University Accounts Manager Hyebin Joo, Local Accounts Manager Jungdo Yu, Local Accounts Manager Tugba Erem, Local Accounts Manager Jack Carrere, Noncomm Accounts Manager Laurie-Ann Paliotti, Sr. Advertising Rep. Genia Gould, Advertising Rep. Kate Sparaco, Office Manager

RYAN LEVESQUE

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Herald portrays oncampus worship in negative light

No shame in seven week athletic period rest

To the Editor: In “For some, Faith Leads off campus,” (10/1) The Herald states that “going to church off campus ... offers ... a break from Sunday religious gatherings of college students who are ‘hung-over and feel obliged to be there’ ... The frequently low attendance at Brown’s services do nothing to enhance one’s religious experience.” First of all, quotes from this section are misattributed. I intentionally avoided comment on the on-campus services. Second, these quotes are taken out of context and they portray on-campus church very negatively. All three of us mentioned in the article (Kim, Joel and I) choose to worship offcampus because we found churches that filled our spiritual needs in a unique way, not because we were driven away by negative aspects of the campus services. Personally, I have never been to a service on campus, so I cannot comment on them. I know many of the people involved in these services, however, and they are enthusiastic, sincere and passionate about God (as opposed to “hung over” or “obligated to be there.”) On-campus services do enhance people's religious experience at Brown (regardless of high or low attendance), and they provide a valuable service to this campus by meeting people's spiritual needs. Despite the fact that I don’t attend on-campus services, I am glad to have this option, and I am grateful that we have such gifted leaders in place in the chaplain's office.

To the Editor: In response to Timothy Goobic’s column "Sevenweek rest period insult to all student athletes" (9/30), I would like to say that having a day of rest is no insult to Ivy athletes. There is no shame in taking a day off after six days of practice and games, which are not only physically taxing but also time consuming. It is very convenient that Goobic failed to mention how athletes can still practice on their own on this day of “rest.” They are just restricted from practicing with a coach. If personal improvement is really the issue here, there is no rule saying athletes cannot run, lift or throw on their own on these required rest days. But apparently, whining about Ivy League Council rulings is just much easier than going out and doing the work that other schools are required to do. The point is that we Ivy athletes have the choice to do this work or not. It sounds like the council is just giving Ivy League athletes a choice that other schools do not give their athletes. For some, the day of rest is much needed, as a minimum of two hours of practice every day can get very tiresome and actually hurt an athletes’ body more than help it. For these people, the day of rest is very much needed. For those that feel a day of rest is not needed, it is their choice to do the work they feel is necessary. This is not a case of stereotyping athletes; it's a case of giving us a choice to do what we think is right for our own bodies. To work, or not to work, the choice is ours, not the council's.

Erin Gerrard ’03 Oct. 1

Darren Spicer Oct. 1

Sanders Kleinfeld, Opinions Editor PRODUCTION Marion Billings, Design Editor Bronwyn Bryant, Asst. Design Editor Julia Zuckerman, Copy Desk Chief

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THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

OPINIONS WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2002 · PAGE 11

Bush offers health care to buns, not ovens New federal regulation says life begins at conception THAT GEORGE W. BUSH LEARNED SOME strong and Republican. Their mothers? Meh. Any benefit that women get out of this sneaky tricks at Yale. Just when you think he’s busy pounding his chest in the general program will be nothing but a fortuitous side direction of Saddam Hussein, or, for that effect. The stated goals of the program, as matter, watching as the stock market falls well as the conservatives’ comments on it, off the face of the earth, he manages to blatantly refer to pregnant women as though they were simply brood mares. throw a curveball. Under the newly revised CHIP, For the first time in the fedpregnant women themselves eral history of the United will only be eligible for followStates, a fetus has been legally up care or any postpartum defined as a child. services they may need if they Beginning in November, are under 19 years of age. “unborn children” will begin to “This regulation is ridiculous. qualify as individual citizens for It elevates the status of the fetus health benefits under the above that of the woman. It Children’s Health Insurance does not provide prenatal care Program, a $40 billion program to the woman in whose body founded in 1997 that offers chilSARAH GREEN the fetus resides,” said Gloria dren coverage from birth until BETTER THAN CATS! Feldt, president of the Planned age 19. According to the new regParenthood Federation of ulation, “‘Child’ means an indiAmerica. “It makes the fetus elividual under the age of 19, including the period from conception to gible for prenatal care, but treats the woman birth”(New York Times, Sept. 28, 2001). The as a mere vessel, an incubator” (New York Bushies are especially proud of this maneuver Times, Sept. 28, 2002). This contradiction is because they are sure it will get them both the most obvious in the case of pregnant illegal pro-life vote and the Latino vote, as the fetus- immigrants, who are not eligible for any kind es of illegal immigrants will also be included of government-sponsored health benefits. However, because the children will be born in in CHIP and eligible for health benefits. “They are going to be citizens in nine the United States, the fetuses can receive care months, or less,” said Health and Human independently of the mothers. If health were really a priority for the Bush Services Secretary Tommy Thompson (Washington Post, Sept. 28, 2002), head of administration, it could easily prove it by the department responsible for the program. extending the benefits of CHIP to include “Do we want them to come into the country prenatal care and pregnant women’s health healthy or not?” We want those fetuses to be — in fact, a bill to do just that is currently lanhealthy. We want them to grow up big and guishing in the Senate. That bill, which was passed earlier this year by the Senate Finance Committee, would totally eliminate the need Sarah Green ’04 likes long walks on the to debate whether the fetus alone qualified beach and feminish.

for health care. Yet the administration left that bill on the back burner and instead chose to push the narrower provision of giving only the fetus health benefits. By amending a regulation in CHIP to do so, the executive branch was able to leapfrog any debate over the issue, including legislative debate in Congress and judicial debate in the Supreme Court. “This is even more cynical and more sinister than originally proposed,” said Laurie Rubiner, vice president for Program and Public Policy of the National Partnership for Women and Families, according to the Washington Post. “This is an administration that has never been willing to extend coverage to immigrant women or children, but to advance its anti-choice agenda, it will provide fake benefits to a fetus.” The Washington Post also noted that the press release from Health and Human Services even used a pro-life lexicon, speaking of “unborn children” and even “babies.” Somehow the Bush administration sees no conflict between defining a “child” as beginning at conception and the Supreme Court’s 1973 Roe v. Wade decision, which stated that the word “person” does not include the unborn. This seems peculiarly reminiscent of the kind of legal wrangling where “sexual relations” doesn’t include a blow job, “smoking” is not the same as “inhaling” and one has to start questioning the definition of “is.” (Although to be fair, Bill Clinton isn’t the only president to have trouble with the verb, as Bush once asked, “Is our children learning?”) The men who are now patting themselves on their “backs” for coming up with the CHIP idea are the same men who oppose congressional efforts at restoring some of the

health care benefits lost by immigrants in the 1996 welfare law. Clearly, they are more concerned with establishing a legal precedent of fetal independence than they are with the actual health of mother and child. The only part of this decision that will have a measurable impact is that federal law has defined citizenship, childhood and life as beginning at conception. A federal law that would have had a similar impact, the much-protested Unborn Victims of Violence Act, died last year in the Senate. Under these laws, if a pregnant woman is attacked and her unborn child dies, the assailant can be prosecuted for manslaughter even if the woman isn’t harmed, and the assailant didn’t know she was pregnant. Both the inclusion of fetuses in CHIP on the federal level and their protection under the law on the state level are clearly attempts to define fetuses as legally independent from the women pregnant with them. Tommy Thompson calls the CHIP maneuver “compassionate conservatism at its best” (New York Times, Sept. 29, 2002). But if conservatives truly cared about the health of women or their unborn children, they could easily provide health coverage for low-income women by passing the bill currently on ice in the Senate. If they truly cared about the safety of pregnant women, they could enforce pre-existing laws protecting all women from assault and impose harsher penalties for crimes like rape. By insisting on endowing fetuses with independent rights, Bush reveals that his own “compassion” does not include women but merely the contents of their wombs.

Finding ourselves between Iraq and a hard place How we are slipping from Osama to Saddam in the foreign policy arena WARFARE TENDS TO BRING OUT THE territory, Athenian politicians shifted focus metaphoric in the op-ed oracles. For most from home defense to Sicily. Speaking in the of the Cold War, the right and left ridiculed Athenian assembly, Alcibiades — a key figure in Athenian politics — stateach other as “hawks” and ed the case in the following “doves” respectively, but with a terms: “Men do not rest connew age of warfare, we need a tent with parrying the attacks new menu of metaphors — at of a superior but often strike least this sentiment must be the first blow to prevent the behind David Brooks’ attempt attack being made.” A few lines to accuse the usual suspects later, Alcibiades becomes more (Jane Fonda, Edward Said, Gore explicit in his language: “for if Vidal, Noam Chomsky and we cease to rule others, we are Susan Sontag) of “living in a fog in danger of being ruled ourof peace” in a recent polemic in selves.” The conclusion? Invade The Weekly Standard. Yet when STEPHEN BEALE Sicily before they ally themone considers the spectacular RIGHT WORDS selves with the Peloponnesians switch from Osama to Saddam, and gang up on us. The it is easy to see that most conAthenians did invade Sicily, the servatives are in their own “fog Sicilians did become their enemies (with the of war.” In their defense, the issues raised by the exception of a handful of “allies”) and an “war on terrorism” are far from simple. One entire Athenian army was annihilated, leavspecial report from the International ing Athens and its surrounding territories Institute of Strategic Studies has succinctly more vulnerable to invasion than ever. Sound familiar? The parallel is almost stated the dilemmas particularly associated with Iraq: “Wait and the threat will grow; eerie when one considers not only the shift strike and the threat may be used.” The fre- from Osama to Saddam, but also the farnetic reaction of the Bush administration sighted focus on foreign affairs, instead of has been the path of a preemptive invasion addressing the real issue of Sept. 11, 2001, — the failure in our border controls and reguof Iraq. The situation is not without historical lation of immigration. Indeed, if one reads precedent. During the Peloponnesian War between the lines of Bush’s speech to the in the fifth century B.C., the Athenians con- United Nations, it is clear that we are not templated similar arguments as they debat- fighting a war against terrorism as much as ed how to accommodate the threat from we are fighting a war against our fears — the Sparta and her allies (collectively known as fear that someone, somewhere in the the Peloponnesians). While under the threat Middle East may be hatching a new anthrax of another Peloponnesian invasion of their strain or sanding the rust off an old Soviet nuclear bomb. The detachment inherent in the old Cold War laissez-faire attitude of Stephen Beale ’03 has the cutest haircut on containment is no longer sufficient for enethe opinons page. He has been a Herald mies we cannot see. The solution, of course, columnist for too long.

is to find a convenient scapegoat in Saddam. The result? We have mixed our strategies with our targets. Preemption is indeed the only means by which to deal with the bin Ladens of the world. We must ruthlessly and relentlessly launch a worldwide campaign to destroy any organizations with known hostile intentions against the United States. But preemption is no wise policy for dictators. Have we not forgotten our experience in the Cold War, in which the guarantee of mutually assured destruction deterred the worst line of dictators of the 20th century? Saddam, like his Soviet counterparts, has an interest in retaining power. He knows that if he so much as effects the detonation of a nuclear bomb in Nebraska we would annihilate him in a millisecond. Why take that risk? Recognizing the potency of this argument the war party has mounted two responses. The first one attempts to discover a link between Hussein and bin Laden and Sept. 11, 2001. The silence of the Bush team is testament to the lack of such a link. If there was truly a smoking gun, would not Bush have made it the centerpiece of his U.N. speech? Instead we were treated to Bush family anecdotes about obscure assassination attempts and a selective history of the U.N. weapons inspections. The alleged connections between Iraq and al-Qaeda then quickly move from the empirical into the theoretical: Saddam may give or sell a weapon of mass destruction to al-Qaeda terrorists. As my father might say, possible, but not probable: bin Laden loathes Saddam, viewing him “as an apostate, an infidel, or someone who is not worthy of being a fellow Muslim.” And as for Hussein, his secular regime waged a war against Iran

in part to fight fundamentalist Muslims. The second rebuttal to the deterrence case came from CIA analyst Kenneth Pollack in the New York Times. Pollack argues that Saddam has historically been suicidal: attacking Iranian supported Kurds in 1974, invading Iran in 1980 and invading Kuwait in the early 1990s. The problem with these examples? They are all outdated. Our retaliation dispelled any of Saddam’s illusions. In fact, in the middle of the U.S. counter-attack, he refrained from using any of his chemical weapons on U.S. troops in fear of our reaction. The other half of Pollack’s arguments rests on one irresponsible assumption: that Saddam Hussein has weapons of mass destruction. As far as his nuclear capabilities go, Bush himself conceded in his speech to the U.N. that the Gulf War terminated Iraq’s nuclear weapons program — a fact confirmed by the International Atomic Energy Agency. Also, the UN Special Commission on Iraq reported that 95 percent of Iraq’s chemical weapons program had been dismantled in 1998. Although information regarding biological weapons remains ambivalent, we know that Iraq lacks a delivery system. The hard truth is this: since inspectors have not been in Iraq since 1998 we have no idea of the current status of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. There is a twisted inevitability inherent in this lack of knowledge: If we invade Iraq and Hussein has weapons of mass destruction he will use them against us (since at this point he has nothing to lose), if does not have them, then it is an unjust war. If he is in the process of acquiring them — despite the fulminations and frettings of the hyper-hawks — deterrence will work like it always has.

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

SPORTS WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 2, 2002 · PAGE 12

Cheers to the major leagues FINALLY ANOTHER REGULAR SEASON of Major League Baseball has come to a close. The postseason has arrived and only eight of the 30 teams remain to battle for the World Series crown. While there is still plenty of baseball left, very CHRIS HATFIELD FROM LEFT FIELD important people here at Brown (actually just me) have decided it is time to hand out my end-of-season awards. Along with the standard awards given by MLB, I have come up with some other creative awards to spice things up. And the winners are… AL MVP: Miguel Tejada, A’s-Tejada’s hot second half sparked Oakland’s run to the top of the AL West, while his season established for him a place among the elite players in the game. Yes, Alex Rodriguez’s stats are better, but he doesn’t spark his team the way Tejada does. NL MVP: Barry Bonds, Giants-It pains me to do this, but Bonds is the most deserving of the award. He had another amazing year at the plate, setting the Major League record for walks while still whacking 46 home runs. The only thing left to see is if he can reverse his past playoff history - .299-1-6 in 27 career playoff games. AL Cy Young: Barry Zito, A’s-Zito beats out the Red Sox duo of Pedro Martinez and Derek Lowe. In fact, the only reason that Pedro does not win here is that he was unable to pitch several key games in the final month when his team was trying to stay in the playoff race. Zito had a breakout year for a team whose pitching has them primed to make a run at the World Series. NL Cy Young: Curt Schilling, Diamondbacks-This one is a squeaker within Schilling’s own team. Randy Johnson had a monster September, but Schilling was absolutely dominant for the rest of the season before a sub-par final month. Also receiving votes were closers John Smoltz of the Braves and Eric Gagne of the Dodgers. AL Rookie of the Year: Eric Hinske, Blue Jays-The rookie third baseman hit .274-24-84 for a struggling Blue Jays team that needed a bright spot. Other AL rookies that had great years were C/DH Josh Phelps of the Blue Jays and pitcher Rodrigo Lopez of the Orioles. NL Rookie of the Year: Jason Jennings, Rockies-Jennings’ cause is actually helped by the fact that he pitches at the launching pad known as Coors Field. He won 16 games as a rookie for a team that as a rule should not have good pitchers. “Rookie with the brightest future” has to go to pitcher Mark Prior of the Cubs. The No-Brainer of the Year Award: Major League Baseball-MLB gets this award for avoiding a strike. It is about time these people smartened up and realized what they were doing to the game by striking every time the collective bargaining agreement expires. The Dimwit Sports Writer Award: myself-Frankly, I do not know who Paul Weaver is either. Thanks to those who pointed that out to me. If you do not know what I am talking about… good. Let me end with predictions for the postseason: Division Series: A’s over Twins in 5, Yankees over Angels in 3, Cardinals over D’backs in 5, Braves over Giants in 4. League Championship Series: A’s over Yankees in 6, Cardinals over Braves in 7. World Series: A’s over Cardinals in 5

Big finish at competition for men’s cross country BY JOANNA GROSSMAN

This past weekend the men’s cross-country team took a giant step in the right direction–or rather it took a lot of very fast steps in that direction. The Bears competed against 25 other teams at Van Cortlandt Park in New York City and placed an impressive third place with only Iona University and Dartmouth University beating them. Head Coach John Gregorek was pleased with the effort the team put together. “This was a really nice race, and it was a big confidence booster for the team, which was something we really needed after our last result (last week’s loss to Harvard),” Gregorek said. The team was still training hard before this race so as not to peak too early, but Gregorek said that the squad cut back slightly on training before this race so that the members could have a chance to see where they were as a team. “The guys have been training really well and were really ready to run well,” Gregorek said. The effort was truly a team one, with many excellent races from the 13 men who ran. Of the ten who had run the course before, six of them achieved personal records for the course, including the top four finishers for the Bears. “Everyone wanted to go in and run really relaxed,” Emond said. “We wanted to get into a good spot early and then relax. We did-

n’t want to exhaust ourselves early in the race, but rather to keep our composure for as long as possible.” The first Brunonian to cross the finish line was Matt Emond ’04, in 13th place with a time of 25:19.3. This was a personal record for him by ten seconds. “Matt put himself in a position to be one of the top guys in New England after (Saturday’s race),” said captain Corey Kunz ’03. The second Brown finisher was Pat Tarpy ’05, who finished 20th with a time of 25:37.7. Eleven seconds later Chad Buechel ’03 crossed the line for 34th place as the third Brown finisher. Two more seniors rounded out the top five for the Bears. Jeff Tomlinson ’03 and Erik Churchill ’03 finished in 37th and 48th places, respectively, with times of 25:55.7 and 26:07.7. “We have been training really hard,” said Churchill. “We really focused on being competitive and getting a good team result, and it showed.” Coach Gregorek was pleased with how well the members ran as a team. “The key to this meet was having the 4th and 5th guys running really well,” he said. “This race was really a breakthrough for Chad, Jeff and Erik, (and) it was great to get everyone in the top 50.” The feeling amongst the runners is that this race is the first step for the team and it still has a lot of potential to do better.

“Coming off of the Harvard meet we knew we were a better team than that,” Emond said. “And we know that we can even do a lot better than we did.” Churchill added to this sentiment. “People were still racing on tired legs, and we still have a lot of sharpening up to do,” Churchill said. “But this is right where we want to be at this point in the season.” Kunz echoed this feeling as well. “We were definitely really excited after the race, but we know there’s still room for improvement,” Kunz said. “We’re not rested and everyone isn’t back [healthy] yet.” The team is now looking forward to the New England Championships in two weeks. “We’ll be going into the New Englands thinking we’re one of the best teams there,” Emond said. “The whole team should be healthy and ready to run including two more potential scorers, Jeff Gaudette ’05 and Brendan O’Keefe ’04. Churchill summed up the day for the Bears. “The feeling after the race was that we were all really pleased,” he said. “But we realize this is only the first step. The most important thing we got out of the race was the confidence boost; Everyone is feeling more confident both individually and as a team.” Sports staff writer Joanna Grossman ’03 covers the men’s cross-country team. She can be reached at jgrossman@browndailyherald.com.

Women’s tennis shows promise at season-starting tournaments

W. cross country faces tough teams

BY ADAM STERN

BY: MELISSA PERLMAN

The women’s tennis team kicked off its fall season on Sept. 27 as members of the team participated in both the Cissie Leary Tournament at the University of Pennsylvania and the Princeton Fall Invitational. The team approached these two tournaments with the hope that performing well would initiate a successful year. Bruno sent three players to the Cissie Leary Tournament in Pennsylvania: Alex Arlak ’05, Victoria Beck ’04 and Yelena Klurfeld ’06. Although no Brown players advanced past the second round in the official tournaments, each member’s play improved in later consolation tournaments. “I thought I played well considering it was the first tournament of the season,” Beck said. “But the competition at that tournament is very tough and has the best players in the east competing in it. Myself and Alex Arlak won the doubles consolation, so we were very happy with that result,” she said. As luck would have it, Beck and Arlak defeated teammate Klurfeld, and a Harvard player she was teamed up with, to win the consolation doubles tournament. Brown sent six more players to the Princeton Fall Invitational. Caroline Casey ’03 won the C1 flight in singles, defeating her finals opponent 60, 6-0. Kim Singer ‘06 won the C2 flight in singles and pulled out a tough tie-breaker against a participant from Princeton. She also teamed up with Bridget Barbera ’04 to win the C flight in doubles. Singer currently boasts a 6-0 record, thus far undefeated. Stephanie Falconi ‘06 earned a hard fought win over one of Harvard University’s premiere players to get her third place in the A2 singles flight. In general Brown’s participants were pleased with how they played.

“The freshmen showed a lot of confidence and determination in their first tournament for Brown.” Caroline Casey ‘03 “The tournament was overall very successful for all of the competing members of the team,” Casey said. “The freshmen showed a lot of confidence and determination in their first tournament for Brown. The weekend was a great success for Brown tennis and we are looking forward to having a great weekend in our upcoming tournament.” “I was really happy with the team that went to Princeton this weekend,” Beck said. “They proved that they are in top form for the upcoming season. The results from the weekend will give us a lot of confidence going in to the ECAC tournament in two weeks. We are seeded number four for the tournament, but our goal is to come in second. We have a huge amount of depth in our team so we should get the best result we have had in years at the tournament. We have the Brown Invitational this weekend which will be a very good warm up for the ECACs as eight top teams are competing.” The women’s tennis team looks forward to hosting the 13th annual Brown Invitational this weekend. The seven other schools participating are the University of Alabama, Boston College, Boston University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Princeton University and Syracuse University. Contributing writer Adam Stern ’05 covers women’s tennis.

Brown’s women’s cross country team found itself at the back of the pack in a field of cross-country powerhouses at the Great American Cross Country Festival in Charlotte, North Carolina last weekend. The women finished 18th out of 26 teams with a score of 500 points. Defending national champions Brigham Young University won the meet. Meredith Crocker ’05 led the team with a 45th-place finish in a time of 19:34.8. Captain Rosie Woodford ’03 came in next in 107th place with a time of 20:30.5. Julie Komosinski ’05 came in 112th at 20:38.5. Anna Willard ’06 and Nora Sullivan ’06 completed Brown’s top five with times of 20:41.6 and 20:45:8. Coach Rick Wemple was extremely impressed with Crocker’s placing in the top 50 as a sophomore. Wemple also commended Komosinski for her breakthrough performance. “The meet was an eye-opening meet for the freshmen and sophomores,” he said. “We weren’t at full strength for a national meet. It would have been better to race in a smaller meet to gain confidence. I see that in hindsight.” Brown’s second squad was more successful, finishing third out of eight. Annie Hatch ’06 lead the way with a time of 20:44.7, good for 24th overall. Caci Cambruzzi ’04 at 20:48:3, Emma Sarro ’05 at 20:48:5, Rachel Kitson ’05 at 21:02.6, Anya Davidson ’06 at 21:05.8 and Jean Coleman ’06 21:49.2 closely followed. “They did a real good job,” Wemple said. “I was impressed with the way they competed and finished. They were all so close — only 10 to 15 seconds apart. It was the plan and they executed it perfectly.”