10K Architects

STORY 2

Introduction Architecture is the only profession that can look after the built world – we are the “caretakers” of our built physical environment. Certainly there are other professions actively looking after the problems of the natural world and the effects of development, but we are the only profession that can have a direct impact on buildings.

However, much that has been built in recent years is neither a contribution to the built world nor even concerned about the relationship of buildings to each other. Many architects have contributed to the problems by designing buildings that do not fit with their surrounding landscape or culture of the area. The culture of countries is rapidly disappearing.

The expectation that the developing world will double in population in the next fifty years suggests that great demands will be made on the world’s resources and great harm will be done to our physical landscapes.

The time has come to take a stronger role in how our physical world is built and to develop a body of knowledge and educated a new generation of designers to assess what is built and its effect. It is only by addressing issues of sustainable development at all levels of building – from resources, materials, land and sustaining patterns of culture – that a new form of architecture can grow.

However, 99% of buildings built in the world are not designed by architects nor have any input from our profession. There are not enough architects or designers in the world to make an impact on the problem. With students, I have conducted “International Workshops” working in dozens of countries over the last years to help with this problem. Other schools have done the same. But, what I have found is the magnitude of the problem and although we have helped it is only a small contribution.

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As I travel around the world there are always one or two young people in every village who are interested in becoming a designer or architect but have little or no means to accomplished this goal. Although they are intelligent and talented (these factors do no relate to social or economic means) they will never be able to afford an education of the kind we now know. However, they are eager to learn.

Now there is another way. Just as the industrial revolution changed the nature of our living patterns by people moving to cities for more opportunities, the electronic revolution can also change our patterns of work, living and education. Rural areas are now electronically connected to the larger world through recent advances in technology. It is now possible to find information, become educated, sell products and communicate with all with out moving from a location. Young people can now be educated in the place where they live – a huge advancement over the last years.

This is a project to develop a program to help educate young designers around the world that may not have access to higher education. By developing these ten assignments, taught over the web, mentored by students and architects, we hope to bring the basic ideas of design to a new generation of designers and architects who might apply the knowledge within their own cultural context both to help the villages they live in and beyond given the opportunity It is the task of our profession to educate those that do not access to higher education.

The result, over time, will produce a world that is in harmony with the land, resources, culture and the population that will use these buildings.

Professor Jan Wamper - FAIA Distinguished Professor - ASCA Professor of Architecture – MIT Markborough Endowed Professor – USF

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This WEBSITE section will explain the flow of the 10000 Architects Program website. This section will show you how to navigate the website as new student or existing student. For new students, there will be a page briefly explain the program and proceed to application page afterwards. Once the application is accepted, a mentor from 10000 Architects Program will contact student and provide account login information. For existing students, they can proceed directly to account login page and access the program’s main menu page. Ultimately, the website will have three languages – English, Chinese and Spanish – to serve as many students from all corners of the world.

WEBSITE 6

Website home >> Language selection >> Existing student OR new student

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New student >> Program explanation >> Application process

Existing student >> Menu page

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The Tutorials section on the website provides students with detailed explanations of how to complete each assignment. The tutorials are meant to be referenced by the student before trying to attempt each assignment.

There are currently four tutorial sections: “How to Measure with Simple Tools”, “How to Draw an Architectural Plan”, How to Draw an Elevation”, and “How to Make a Model”. Each one provides a series of detailed steps the student will take, explain when to use the tools necessary, as well as provide the fundamental principles of design.

TUTORIALS 10

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TUTORIAL 1: HOW TO MEASURE WITH SIMPLE TOOLS

-Step 1: measure your shoe length and document it in centimeon the graph paper as 1 BOX -Step 2: Prepare all the drawing tools - eraser, pencils, ruler, graph paper -Step 3: Measure a wall using your steps and count number of steps as you go

Images showing how to measure you own foot to use as a tool in place of rulers or measuring tapes

The process of combining your footsteps in order to measure the size of a room

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Tutorial 1 >> How to measure

TUTORIAL 2: HOW TO DRAW ARCHITECTURAL PLAN

-Step 1: Remember the numbers of the steps calculated in the previous tutorial -Step 2: Go back to the graph paper and document the number of steps (numbers of boxes) in a single line.

Perform the same method for all the walls in your home and document all walls -Step 3: Measure a wall using your steps and count number of steps as you go -Step 4: Add thickness to the single-lined walls -Step 5: Document the location of the door on your plan. 1. Draw two lines indicating the width of door. 2. Erase the lines of the wall in between the door. 3. Lines erased. 4. Add door onto the plan -Step 6: Measure doors the same way as measuring the walls -Step 7: Document the location of the door on your plan. 1. Draw two lines indicating the width of door. 2. Erase the lines of the wall in between the door. 3. Lines erased. 4. Add door onto the plan.

Images showing how to use your shoe as a measuring tool to calculate the dimensions of a window

Images showing how to draw measured windows on a floor plan of the student’s house drawing

Tutorial 2 >> How to draw plan

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TUTORIAL 3: HOW TO DRAW ARCHITECTURAL ELEVATION

-Step 1: Get a sense of how wide and how tall a door is. Measure the width and height of the door with your foot and/or shoe. Use door as your reference to scale to help you design the proportion of elevations.

-Step 2: Rotate the graph paper 180 degrees and draw a line as your ground. Draw the door and locate the door by using the plan that you draw.

-Step 3: Now you have a door as your scale reference (“scalie”). Utilize it to help you determine the height of your design proportionally to your door.

-Step 4: Re-orient your graph paper again to the side of the wall you are drawing elevation for. Draw the line for the ground and the height of the wall to match your first wall. Then draw the roof.

-Step 5: After you finish the wall, you may begin to add the windows by using the plan that you draw. Determine the height and the size of the windows proportionally to your overall elevation. Then offset the window outline to indicate the window frames.

Images showing how to use the student’s shoe to measure height and length of the door for elevations

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Tutorial 3 >> How to draw elecation

TUTORIAL 4: HOW TO MAKE AN ARCHITECTURAL MODEL

-Step 1: First, look for reusable cardboard materials, such as cereal boxes or other packages -Step 2: Use the plans and elevations that you drew from the exercises as your template. Make marks on the cardboard using the elevation drawings as a template. Use the hard edge of your sketchbook to make sure the line is perpendicular. Then you can cut out a strip of cardboard with the width desired.

-Step 3: To get the vertical dimension, use the elevation as a template to mark out the height of the lower and higher points of the wall. Draw a horizontal line across the higher point of the wall. Mark the midpoint and connect the midpoint to the end marks of the lower points on the wall. Then use a cutter knife to cut out the wall following the lines you drew.

-Step 4: Proceed to cut out the window openings. Again, use the elevation as a template and mark out the width of the window and draw extension lines from the bottom to the top of the wall. Perform the same process for obtaining the height of the window. Use a cutter knife to cut out the window opening.

-Step 5: Notice there is a line cutting the elevation into about 1/3 and 2/3. This is the line that conveys a change in depth of the building. You will need to cut the elevation along that line as demonstrated in the photo to match the plan.

-Step 6: Perform the same process to all elevations and cut out a base using the plan as the template. Start gluing the wall on top of the plan. Not only may you start to see the space composed by the walls, you can also use the model to observe how light and shadow is formed in the house.

Tutorial 4 >> How to make model

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Deisgn principle

Deisgn principle

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The Assignments section on the website provides students with ten well designed assignments from different scale. The assignments are meant to use the basic techniques they learn from the tutorial section and their imagination to design buildings. There are currently four ten sections: “Describe who you are and where you are from”, “Draw a plan of your lovely home”, “Design your future home”, “Design a day care center”, “Design a small school”, “Design a health center”, “Design a community center”, “Design a market place”, and “Design a community central place”. Each one provides a detail description of certain type of building and methodology the student will follow, explain which design principal should be focused on, as well as provide the necessary program area to use.

ASSIGNMENTS 18

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ASSIGNMENT 1: DESCRIBE WHO YOU ARE + WHERE YOU ARE FROM

To begin this program, we would like to get to know more about you. Please write a short description about you and your family and attach a picture of you and your families with your home in the background. The photographs can be taken indoor or outdoor. This will help us giving you feedbacks when you learn how to draw a plan of your home in Assignment 2. In addition, good design usually comes from a close observation from the context/environment in which it will reside. Hence, it is important for architect to learn and be informed about the context. Your hometown can be the perfect place to start with the training of observation. Please provide a short description of the climate of your hometown. Please refer to the following structure to help you organize your observations in paragraph format: 1. Please provide a paragraph of description and a photo of yourself. (ie. your hobby, your favorite place to go in your leisure time, your favorite subjects, whatever you want to share about yourself, etc) 2. Please provide a paragraph and a photo of your family members. (ie. family members and what are they like, etc) 3.please provide a paragraph and a photo of your current house. (ie. what color, how many rooms, your favorite space in the house or outside the house, etc) 4. Please provide a paragraph about the climate, your observation about the climate and your living environment, your personal responses to the climate, do you enjoy sun, do you enjoy nature, is there an event about weather that you remember, etc) NOTE: PLEASE ASK YOUR FAMILY MEMBERS FOR PERMISSION BEFORE YOU SUBMIT YOUR PHOTO AND THEIR PHOTOS FOR THE ASSIGNMENT. AS A GENERAL NOTE FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT AND FUTURE ASSIGNMENTS, ALWAYS ASK FOR PERMISSION BEFORE TAKING PHOTOS TO AVOID ISSUES WITH PRIVACY.

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Assignment 1 >> Describe who you are and where you are from

ASSIGNMENT 1: SAMPLE WORK

1. Please provide a paragraph of description and a photo of yourself. (ie. your hobby, your favorite place to go in your leisure time, your favorite subjects, whatever you want to share about yourself, etc) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

3.please provide a paragraph and a photo of your current house. (ie. what color, how many rooms, your favorite space in the house or outside the house, etc) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Please provide a paragraph and a photo of your family members. (ie. family members and what are they like, etc) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Please provide a paragraph about the climate, your observation about the climate and your living environment, your personal responses to the climate, do you enjoy sun, do you enjoy nature, is there an event about weather that you remember, etc) __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

Assignment 1 >> Describe who you are and where you are from

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ASSIGNMENT 2: DRAW A PLAN OF YOUR LOVELY HOME

After assignment 1, you will probably be more aware to the overall environment in which you live in. Now you can start zooming in and focus on your home. In assignment 2, we would like you to measure your home (both interior and exterior if you live in a detached house, or just interior if you live in an apartment) and compose a plan of your home. Please refer to the basic tutorial of drawing an architectural plan to get an idea of the basic skills and conventions. The plan can be in any unit as long as you are consistent. For instance, if you use the length of your foot to measure, you should use it for the entire assignment.

Lastly, identify the north and place a north arrow next to your plan.

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Assignment 2 >> Draw a plan of your lovely home

ASSIGNMENT 2: SAMPLE WORK

Assignment 2 >> Draw a plan of your lovely home

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ASSIGNMENT 3: DESIGN YOUR FUTURE HOME

For assignment 3, we would like you to utilize the experience of observation and drawing to design your future house. You can decide what you want to have in your future house. While you are designing, think about the placement of your rooms in relation to what kind of day lighting condition you would like to have in the room.

Please refer to the site observation to help you understand the basic sun path and day lighting conditions.

Compose the final design with a plan and a short description of your design intentions.

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Assignment 3 >> Design your future home

ASSIGNMENT 3: SAMPLE WORK

Assignment 3 >> Design your future home

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ASSIGNMENT 4: DESIGN A DAY CARE CENTER

_DAY CARE CENTER Description: Day care center, a building type with increasing demand in both rural and urban context, serves as a space where working parents entrust their children in the hands of day care teachers. In addition, day care center becomes increasingly important because it allows both parents to have professional careers in order to sustain the financial demand of their family. One should address the issue of safety when designing a day care center. Some issues to be considered includes: avoid sharp edge furniture and small steps that may cause tripping, handrails with proper baluster gap dimensions, avoid using materials that will break and shatter easily that may cause potential injury etc.

The space should also consider the creative and energetic nature of children by designing spaces that allow and facilitate their imagination and energy to a greater extent. Connection to nature (rural) or outdoor space (urban) is beneficial to the mental development of children. The aforementioned spatial characteristics can be facilitated through good design. Hence you may consider the following while you design: the color scheme for the space should be lively and playful; the floor and wall surfaces can consider softer materials that will allow the children to release energy through running, jumping, rolling and other activities without injuring themselves and others; the natural lighting condition of the space should also be soft and relaxing; the transition between indoor and outdoor should be easy if the climate of the context permits. _ASSIGNMENT Description: Before unleashing your imagination for designing a day care center, please visit a day care center and take a photograph after requesting for permission. If you cannot get permission for photographing the day care center, you may interview someone who works there or your family member who has personal experience in day care center. Please communicate them with your teacher after the completion of photographing or interview.

Now, you may proceed to design the day care center in two different contexts – urban and rural. You may choose either one of the contexts to start designing, but you need to complete designing for both contexts by the end of the assignment. The variance in context requirement is meant to train your design sensibility towards different contextual restrictions and possibilities. The following program and design principles are meant to be basic guidance for spatial dimension/quality and certain functional characteristics. You may create your own design principles as you continue developing your design.

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Assignment 4 >> Design a day care center

_Programs: # of children: 30

Reception (waiting/shoe racks)

Administration Office

Cloak Room

Big multi-function learning/playing ground

_indoor play area

_outdoor play area

_nursery area

Kitchenette

Bathrooms [TOTAL: 1,100 SQ FT]

[100 sq ft] [150 sq ft] [~50 sq ft] [600 sq ft] [> 200 sq ft] [> 200 sq ft] [> 200 sq ft] [>80 sq ft] [120 sq ft]

_Design Principles:

safe learning/playing fun learning/playing relationship between inside and outside flexibility and adaptability with furnishings

“The early years of education are vital to the students. Architecture must respond to this by designing an environment that is both exciting and conductive to the learning process. This is the role of an architect - not to just satisfy a program of needs.�

- Jan Wampler

Assignment 4 >> Design a day care center

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ASSIGNMENT 4: SAMPLE DESIGN PROCESS

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Assignment 4 >> Design a day care center

Assignment 4 >> Design a day care center

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ASSIGNMENT 5: DESIGN A SMALL SCHOOL

_SMALL SCHOOL Description: School is an institution desinged for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. Its spaces is design for teaching and learning. However, there are 769 million adult people world wide do not have the basic knowledge in reading, writing, and calculation, and more than 113 million children do not have access to school. This limitation will determine their lives, because, at school, education enable job opportunities, social awareness and self esteem for change.

The safety of teachers and students is an increasing issue world wide for school communities. Not only the structure, especially in the a country vulnerable to natural disasters, but also the school environment, especially in the complicated urban context need to be concerned when we design a school in order to give them a favorable spacae to study, communicate and play.

The classrooms-the place where people are educated-are the most impartant component in most schools.

Lighting, acoustic, color, furniture arrangement and neccessary equipment are all the basic components we need to concern when we design a school. There will be 20 pupils study in each classm, and must be at least 25 sq ft for every seat. So we need at least 500 sq ft for each classroom in this case. The same pricipal could be also applied to the size of seminar room and meeting room. Considering lighting, technology requirements and proportion, most classrooms have a height of 10�-12�. If the height is too low, it will make student feel trapped in such a classroom, however, if the height is too high, it will waste heat and create a bad acoustic effect.

Traditionally, classrooms have had one setup: straight rows of desks facing the front of the classroom. While this keeps attention focused on the teacher, it does not allow for group work or discussion. However, it is not the single answer for arranging a classroom. The arrangement will differ according to the ages, the experiences of students, the knowledge of teachers, and the way they communicates. The fundamental goal is to create and an environment for students to enjoy studying while they are using that space.

Lighting in a classroom could affect student behaviors and learning efficiency. It is one of the most critical physical issue we need to address in the design of a school. Brightness, color, light source, windows and other aspects are all influence the environment of a classroom. The main goal of lighting in a classroom is to provide enough light to support the learning process while keep the usage in a low budget. Windows on two sides in of a classroom a higher location could possibly provide enough full distributed daylighting without much glare, as well as less distracting from the view outside.

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Assignment 5 >> Design a small school

_ASSIGNMENT Description: Before you start your small school design. Please try to understand your own school first by using the design principals mentioned and discover something you think is essential for a school. Please talk with your classmates and teachers during the school time to ask them what they like and what they dislike in your school.

Now, you may have some ideas about what you improve for them in your own design. You can chose either a urban context or rural context to start your design. The list of programs and principles are the basic guidance for minimum requirement to meet the most fundamental usage. You should create your own design principles during the design process. Please look at the references shown in the website. However, we encourage you to create your own exciting design. _Programs:

_Design Principles:

# of students: 80 # of teachers: 4

Classrooms: 4 [500 sq ft for each] Administration Office: 2 [150 sq ft for each] Seminar Room:1 [500 sq ft] Toilets: 2 [200 sq ft for each] Kitchenette: [300 sq ft] Dinning Room: [600 sq ft] [TOTAL: 4,100SQ FT]

safe learning/playing lighting learning layout define the way of learning circulation easy accessible

Schools began with a man under a tree, who did not know he was a teacher, discussing his realization with a few, who did not know they were students. The students aspired that their sons also listen to such a man. Spaces were erected and the first schools began.

-Louis I. Kahn, American architect (1901.02.20 – 1974.04.17)

Assignment 5 >> Design a small school

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ASSIGNMENT 5: SAMPLE DESIGN PROCESS

Program Diagram

Initial Plan From Diagram

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Level 1 Plan

Assignment 5 >> Design a small school

Level 2 Plan

Assignment 5 >> Design a small school

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ASSIGNMENT 6: DESIGN A HEALTH CARE CENTER

_HEALTH CARE CENTER Description: According to the Health Care Research Collaborative, health care facilities in the United States reported approximately 1.7 million health associated illnesses in one year. Health centers are community-based organizations that serve populations with limited access to health care by providing medical care. They are facilities that are usually located in high-need communities, and they provide comprehensive health care services are well as supportive services that promote access to health care. Health centers need to ensure a clean and healthy environment for their patients to prevent infections and illnesses from spreading, as well as provide a comfortable and reassuring atmosphere for people while they are visiting. A healthy, safe, and aestheticallypleasing space is comforting to patients and visitors. Health centers must accommodate the needs of the visiting patients, but also provide a comfortable work environment for the health professionals and administrators that work there on a regular basis.

Think about the following words and how they affect a health care center: -Location: How close a health care center is in proximity to other health care centers (urban context) and to dense residential areas (urban or rural context).

-Transportation: How do patients and workers travel to the health care center? Is there public transportation available (urban context)? Is it within walking distance (rural context)?

-Scale: Does this health care center meet the needs of the nearby population? How many people does this center need to accommodate?

-Orientation: How can the site topography be maximized to capture the best lighting, views, building access, and views of the landscape?

-Users: How can this health care center meet the needs of your patients, visitors, and staff? What are those needs, in relation to your community?

-Context: Is this facility more appropriate to build a new clinic or renovate an existing building?

-Public: Large, open spaces that allow people to feel calm and -Private: Isolated spaces that allow provide privacy in the clinic rooms 34 Assignment 6 >> Design a health care center

_ASSIGNMENT Description: Research is the first step you should take in order to begin designing a health care center. Before you can design something new, you need to know what currently exists. Review the attached precedent examples, and/or search online for examples of health care centers and think about how they work in terms of circulation, number of patients/staff they accommodate, and what programs/spaces they contain.

Try to visit a local health care center and take a photograph after requesting for permission from the receptionist. If you are not able to visit and/or photograph a health care center, interview someone you know (parent, teacher, etc) who can tell you about their personal experience and perceptions of a local health care center.

Please communicate them with your teacher after the completion of photographing or interview. Then proceed to design the health care center in two different contexts – urban and rural. You may choose either one of the contexts to start designing, but you need to complete designing for both contexts by the end of the assignment. The variance in context requirement is meant to train your design sensibility towards different contextual restrictions and possibilities.

The following program and design principles are meant to be basic guidance for spatial dimension/quality and certain functional characteristics. You may create your own design principles as you continue developing your design. _Program Description:

_Design Principles:

# of patients (waiting room, maximum): 20 # of staff (maximum): 5

Reception Area Administration/Staff Office Waiting Area _indoor seating area _outdoor seating area Clinic A Clinic B Bathrooms Medical Supply Storage Room

[TOTAL: 1,700SQ FT]

[200 sq ft] [200 sq ft] [800 sq ft] [> 450 sq ft] [> 350 sq ft] [150 sq ft] [150 sq ft] [100 sq ft] [150 sq ft]

clean and uncluttered spaces privacy for visiting patients comfortable areas for waiting flexibility and adaptability with furnishings

“Why does architecture matter in health care? Because…the poorest have to endure disease and premature death “in dismal conditions, in clinics that are unclean, unlovely . . . grim, dank, and sometimes deadly.” …(the architect) believes in … “dignificacion,” bringing dignity to buildings, and thus to people’s lives.”

–Bella English, with sub-quotes from Michael Murphy and Paul Farmer

Assignment 6 >> Design a health care center

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ASSIGNMENT 6: SAMPLE DESIGN PROCESS

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Assignment 6 >> Design a health care center

Assignment 6 >> Design a health care center

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ASSIGNMENT 7: DESIGN A COMMUNITY CENTER

_COMMUNITY CENTER Description: Community center is a public place where people in a community tend to gather for group activities, social support, public information and many other purposes. Community center is considered as a major part in its concept of community development seen through individuals organizing themselves into neighborhood groups, and attending to people’s needs, desires and aspirations. It supports networks, institutional initiatives such as free kitchens, public computer lab, free housing for travelers, recreations, public meetings, legal collectives and space for dances, performances and art exhibitions, library, swimming pool gymnasium or other public facility. There are also community center for a specific purpose, but serving the whole community.

The accessibility is critical in the community center design. We commonly see three main levels of community participation. The first is a small active group of people who actively participate in discussions, even debates, in the public community forum. These members attend meetings regularly and participate occasionally in the community forums. A large portion of community members are peripheral and rarely participate. Instead, they keep to the sidelines, watching the interaction of the active members. Like people sitting at a cafe watching the activity on the street, they gain their own insights from the discussions and put them to good use. They may have private conversations about the issues being discussed in the public forum. The last one are people surrounding the community who are not members but who have an interest in the community. As a result, the center should be open to anyone who has access to the center, but at the same time, limit the access for specific program.

The objectives of a community center is to create opportunities for expanded individual and community soical awareness and growth. It should provide space for: 1 ,social activities by encouraging interpersonal relations and interaction. 2, cultural activities by developing an awareness and appreciation of different heitages. 3, educational activities by providing instruction in basic life skills and developing known skills. 4 amusive activities by enjoyment and relaxation and 5. service. by providing service to individuals, the community special population and etc.

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Assignment 7 >> Design a community center

_ASSIGNMENT Description: Before you start your community center design, please try to visit a community center close to your living place. You can try to interview an official in the community center to understand what kind of services they offer to the local community, what is the everage number of visitors there in a day and etc. You could also try to communicate with people who come to the community center to know what they are looking for in the community center. Then you should set an urban context to process your design. The list of programs and principles are the basic guidance for minimum requirement to meet the most fundamental usage. You should create your own design principles during the design process. Please look at the references shown in the website. However, we encourage you to create your own exciting design. _Program Desciption:

Lobby Auditorium Library Public Meeting Room Restroom Office

Gymnasium

[TOTAL: 6,500 SQ FT]

_Design Principles: [1500 sq ft] [1000 sq ft] [1300 sq ft] [400 sq ft] [400 sq ft] [400 sq ft] [1500 sq ft]

Assignment 7 >> Design a community center

Private/Public Accessibility Open Space for Community Activities Flexible and Adaptable Create a Neighborhood Identity

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ASSIGNMENT 7: SAMPLE DESIGN PROCESS

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Assignment 7 >> Design a community center

Assignment 7 >> Design a community center

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ASSIGNMENT 8: DESIGN A MARKET PLACE

_MARKETPLACE Description: In many cultures of the world, market place still sustains as the primary way of food exchange and source of economy for people. Some marketplace has more or less fixed vendors while some simply provides a covered space for street vendors that move from places to places, in which these marketplaces might accommodate different types of commodities throughout the day. Because marketplace is a place used by people from different age group and professions and functions as a social gathering center for the town/village/city, marketplaces tend to be located near modes of transportation and/or near a public space. The space for market place should consider the local climate condition. In tropical and hot climates, the market place might be very semi-open and allows natural ventilation to cool down the space. _ASSIGNMENT Description: Before beginning your design for a marketplace, please visit a farmer market/Sunday market and take a photograph after requesting for permission. Please communicate with your teacher after the completion of photographing. Now, you may proceed to design the marketplace in one of the contexts – urban or rural. This assignment does not include much spatial or functional requirement; hence this assignment will be a great opportunity for you to be more expressive and creative in the design of form and structure. The following program and design principles are meant to be basic guidance for spatial dimension/quality and certain functional characteristics. You may create your own design principles as you continue developing your design.

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Assignment 8 >> Design a market place

_Programs Description: # of vendors: 30

Large area of trade/exchange (x 30% circulation space)

[1500 sq ft] [450 sq ft]

[TOTAL: ~2,000 SQ. FT]

_Design Principles/Challenge:

climate-sensitive fluid circulation flexibility in vendor space planning expressive in form and structure

Assignment 8 >> Design a market place

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ASSIGNMENT 8: SAMPLE DESIGN PROCESS

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Assignment 8 >> Design a market place

Assignment 8 >> Design a market place

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ASSIGNMENT 9: DESIGN A COMMUNITY CENTRAL PLACE

_COMMUNITY CENTRAL PLACE Description: A community central place is an important feature in both urban and rural contexts. It is public space, which means that it is devoted to the use and needs of all people. Since it is a publicly-utilized space, it is necessary to design spaces that will appeal to all different age groups and provide a variety of activities. The purpose of public spaces is to facilitate interaction between all people by creating spaces that people actually want to inhabit. Public spaces, including community plazas and parks and all central places, should be fun, interactive, engaging, and provide places for people to be both active and comfortable. These public locations are the physical and social centers for cities and towns, and allow for the intersection of many programs and activities.

In community central places, landscape becomes a prominent feature of the design because there are very few buildings or structures on the site. Landscapes can include gardens, recreational areas (fields for soccer, baseball, football), water features (ponds, streams), and other areas where the land itself integrates with civic life. In an urban context, community central places are typically enclosed by their surroundings (which include the buildings that line the edge of the site), yet they are open to the sky. Community central places should be designed well to encourage and uphold their public use and provide a common place for people to gather.

Think about the following words and how they affect a community central place (plaza, park, etc): -Location: Where a community central place is located in terms of other residential and commercial buildings (urban context) and is it easily accessible (urban/rural context)?

-Transportation: How do people travel to the site? Is there public transportation available (urban context)? Is it within walking distance (urban/rural context)?

-Scale: How many people does the community central place need to accommodate?

-Orientation: What areas have shade and what areas have sun (consider surrounding buildings)?

-Users: Who uses the community central place and how does it cater to different age groups (older adults, adults and children)?

-Context: Is this site near other buildings and what are those buildings accommodating?

-Public: Are there large spaces that can accommodate various activities, events and large groups of people as well as more private spaces?

46 Assignment 9 >> Design a commuinity central place

_ASSIGNMENT Description: You should begin this assignment by research existing examples of well-designed community plazas and parks. Review the attached precedent examples, and/or search online for your own examples of community plazas and think about how they work in terms of circulation, number of people they accommodate, and what kind of activities happen there.

Visit a local park or plaza near your neighborhood and take a photograph. You can also try interviewing someone you know (parent, teacher, classmate etc) who can tell you about their personal experiences and perceptions of a community plaza (What do they like/dislike about it? What would they change to improve it?). Please communicate them with your teacher after the completion of photographing and/or interview. Then proceed to design the plaza in two different contexts – urban and rural. You may choose either one of the contexts to start designing, but you need to complete designing for both contexts by the end of the assignment. The variance in context requirement is meant to train your design sensibility towards different contextual restrictions and possibilities. The following program and design principles are meant to be basic guidance for spatial dimension/quality and certain functional characteristics. You may create your own design principles as you continue developing your design. _Program Description:

_Design Principles:

Occupancy: Visitors: 40 total

Gardens/Trees Playground Area Water Feature/Pond Picnic Area Pathways [TOTAL: 14,700 SQ. FT]

[10500 sq ft] [300 sq ft] [3000 sq ft] [400 sq ft] [500 sq ft]

Large open spaces for activities Comfortable sitting and resting areas Inviting for people of all ages

““…And yet- beyond what is, not away from it but before it, there is still something else that happens. In the midst of beings as a whole an open place occurs. ...This clearing is more in being than are beings. This open center is therefore not surrounded by beings; rather, the clearing itself encircles all that is, as does the nothing, which we scarcely know.”

–Martin Heidegger

Assignment 9 >> Design a community central place

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ASSIGNMENT 9: SAMPLE DESIGN PROCESS

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Assignment 9 >> Design a center of village

Assignment 9 >> Design a center of village

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ASSIGNMENT 10: CREATE YOUR OWN PROJECT

After the completion of Assignment 1 to 9, you are now exposed to different thinking for various scales and types of buildings and space. For the last assignment, we expect you create your own project. You can choose to develope one of the past assignment by designing the elevation and interior spaces, or you may explore a new project. The new project can be an architecture project or a public space or even master planning project that develops new relationsihp between city/village and residents. _ Collective housing _ Plaza _ Transportation: bus/train station or terminal _ Sports facilities: stadium, school recreation center, etc. _ Office building _ Residential Tower ...and much more!

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Assignment 10 >> Create your own project

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Assignment 10 >> Create your own project

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CREDITS 52

International Workshop Professor Jan Wamper - FAIA Distinguished Professor - ASCA Professor of Architecture – MIT Markborough Endowed Professor – USF 10,000 Architects Workshops Jessica Chia Chieh Lee Sean Pang George Xinxin Lin Li Huang Breanna Faye Rossman

Workshop funded by Jan Wampler Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Architecture 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 Copyright © 2012 Jan Wampler

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