Brazzil - Year 9 - Number 139 - July 1997

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Year 9 — No. 139 — July 1

ONE MORE NUDE S TO BOOST THE

ETs: A RASH OF REPORTS ON UFO SIGHTINGS

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Since Pedro Alvares Cabral, the Portuguese navigator who in 1500 officially discovered the land formerly known as Ilha de Santa Cruz (Holy Cross Island), the foreign world has been casting covetous eyes over Brazil's riches. More than eyes, these aliens have used their hands and whatever else they could get ahold of to expatriate as much wealth as possible.

It started with brazilwood, loved for its red dying properties. So acute was the rapacity that the tree that

12

gave Brazil its name has long disappeared from the Brazilian forest and can only be found in botanical gardens nowadays. In the 18th century, it was gold's and precious stones' turn to be taken from the land by the shipload.

As for the trees, Brazilians don't need foreign help to continue downing them.

At last count there was only 10% left of Mata Atlantica, the luxurious jungle that used to cover Brazil's coast.

Brazilian scientists denounce that at least 20,000 plant samples are being taken from the Amazon every year.

Main culprits: American and German multinationals. Naturally there are those who argue that the Amazon rainforest is mankind's patrimony and a free-for-all nature's banquet. Brazil-

http://www.brazzil.com ian law against biopiracy has been vague and unenforced. As in another areas, there's been lots of talk and lack of action.

Visitors of another kind and apparently less voracious have also been seen frequently on Brazilian shores.

There has been a spate of UFO sightings recently. Two thousand of them in 1996 alone. There is no report on them stealing anything, but plenty of stories they left behind for people to tell.

R.M.

CONTENTS

30

Cover

Short story

How biopirates are plundering the Amazon

Julio Cesar Monte iro Martins's "Republica"

17

35

Health

Brazil's natural medicine boom

22

Travel

DEPARTMENTS

Brainteaser

6

UFOs and ETs get top billing

Rapidinhas 20 Letters 46 The Cultural Pulse 47 Por al 49 Classifieds 50 U.S.A. Calendar 52 That's Brazilian

26 Sports

Guga, Brazil's own tennis-court prince

br0

Zil

National parks.

One for every day of the year

Cover by Aylan Mello

41 Music

Cidade Negra joins Brazilian pop's closed club

54 Special Profile

Ary Barroso, a multi-talented professional chameleon

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Publisher and Editor: Rodney Mello / Entertainment Editors: Sam & Harriet Robbins / Book Review: Bondo Wyszpolski / Music Editor: Bruce Gilman / Representatives: MIAMI : Nosso Guia (305) 374-0096 - Valeria Mendes (Calendar) / BRAZIL: Celso Sawaia (011) 885-9288 E- mail: csawaia@br.homeshopping.com.br BRAZZIL (ISSN 1091-868X) is published monthly by Brazzil - NOT mailing address: 2039 N. Ave. 2, Los Angeles, CA, 90042-1024. Periodicals Postage rate paid at Los Angeles, CA. Single copy sold for $2. One year subscription for 12 issues $ $3 (three dollars) in the U.S., $15 in Canada and Mexico, and $18 (surface mail) in all other countries. No back issues sold. Allow 5 to 7 weeks o receive your first issue. You may quote from or reprint any of the contents with proper copyright credit. Editorial submissions are welcome liclude a SASE (self addressed and stamped envelope) if you want your material mailed back. Brazzil assumes no responsibility for any claims made by its advertisers.

POST MASTER: Please, send address changes to: BRAZZIL - P.O. Box 42536 - Los Angeles, CA - 90050-0536 BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

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Lex Ora lex In the few months he has been heading Rio's Municipal Traffic Secretariat Military Police colonel Paulo Afonso Cunha has become the terror of all those who disrespect the law by, among other things, parking on sidewalks or ignoring pedestrian crossways.

Invited by Rio's mayor Luiz Paulo Conde to put a semblance of order to the city's traffic chaos, he has taken his mission seriously, personally commanding some blitzes aboard his powerful shiny motorcycle. One little detail though: While championing the fight against illegality, Cunha never took the trouble to get a special license to drive his moto. After the press revealed this little fact, the lawless chaser alleged ignorance of the law. Rio's Detran wasn't happy with the bad example and was menacing to deprive the colonel of his driver's license.

I Love Xuxa "Yes," said Xuxa, -I'm game", when CBS TV came to her with the question: "Would you like to be on a remake of the I Love Lucy show?" That was an easy answer. TV-star and singer Maria da Graca Xuxa Meneghel, 34, keeps a collection of most of the episodes of the Lucille Ball's tremendously successful show from the 1950s. And it was also an easy question. The invitation to Xuxa came only after research by CBS in Mexico, Spain and Argentina revealed that the gorgeous Brazilian blonde was the favorite to duplicate Ball's success.

A pilot should be ready soon.

There is also talk of a Portuguese and even an English version later. The show will be shot in Spain, the personal preference of Xuxa, whose mother lives there. The entertainer is entering this venture with a good dose of humility. "I know I will never replace Lucille Ball." she says.

The actor who will be playing the new Desi Arnaz, Lucy's husband, has not been chosen yet. Anyone interested? By the way, the TV show will be called Te Quiero Xuxa..

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Body Talks For decades, Walter Avancini, 62, who has been a television director since 1958 and during the pioneer years of Brazilian TV, has had a knack for making waves on the tube. Always controversial, the director has been in the news lately for introducing some very spicy ingredients into a novela (soap opera) about Xica da Silva, a black slave turned into a powerful woman by her Portuguese lover in 18th-century Brazil. As he has often done in the past, Avancini, chose to star in Xica da Silva a virtually unknown actress with a pretty face but little acting experience.

Tais Aranjo, the chosen girl, was still a minor when she started in her starring role last year in the Manchete TV novela and the TV station was even given a small fine for filming her naked before she was 18. At the end, Pygmalion was complaining that his creature was rebelling against its creator. "I had with Tais an agreement of freedom to work with the body, a sine qua non condition in order for me to hire her. She has been doing a xiquinha (little xica) and not the Xica da Silva that I imagined," he complained when the internal spat became public.

Tempers flared and sparks flew in the last few weeks of shooting. After exposing herself in several nude scenes ("Tais covered her breasts' tips with adhesive bandages," complained Avancini), the actress asked for a body double for a scene suggesting anal-sex. The director didn't like the actress stubbornness and ended up scrapping that scene. This has already moved to Globo TV where she started shooting Anjo Mau just a few days after finishing her participation in Xica.

The Xica da Silva story, a prime-time novela, has been an interminable sexual happening, with constant controversies being used to keep up high ratings for the usually low-rated Manchete network.

"Globo is bigger than any product, it already has its captive audience," says Avancini, who has already worked for the Globo Network, which maintains a quasi monopoly over the airwaves. "I need to use different elements as an attraction in order to create news and get some space in the media."

He is certainly good at this. Initially, Xica da Silva presented the obligatory under-the-cascade nude scene with model Adriane Galisteu, who became a celebrity after her boyfriend, race car driver hero Ayrton Senna, died during a corn petition. The episode about possessed nuns engaged in a sex orgy with a priest was never aired, however, due to the commotion the news caused when word got out about the scenes, presented as a "sexual scandal of sex-maniac nuns."

American actors Denzel Washington and Whoopi Goldberg were also invited for small parts, but both declined. Set on keeping the controversy going up to the last episode, Avancini brought in former porno star, Hungarian-Italian Ilona Staller—better known as Cicciolina—to interpret the role of ficticious Italian princess Ludovica, who comes to Arraial do Tijuco, the story's location, under the pretext of collecting funds for building a convent. Naturally, business with her is better done in bed. Upon her arrival, Ludovica almost drowns and is saved by a hero who is paid, you

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

guessed it, with a steamy night in bed.

Cicciolina, 45,who became famous durin victorious naked-breasts campaign for a se Italy's Lower House —she was a parliament ber from 1987 to 1992—was paid a meager $7 000 for participating in five episodes of Xica da S Iva. Cicciolina who was very humble during the s oting, seemed worried about learning her lines ( poken in Italian and translated by an interpreter into Portuguese) and raised her 18th-century dress igh enough so photographers could see she wasn't earing panties. But she refused to talk about her ustody dispute over her four-year-old son with fo mer husband, American Jeff Koons.

Another international porno star, Sylvia Kristel of Emmanuelle f me, was also considered. She would come as a Madam with the missio of opening a whorehouse. Xica da Silva had also plenty of gory scenes.

A confessed workaholic, the teledrama director of bankruptcy-pron TV Manchete is a respected professional who has brought to the small sc een some of the best works and authors of Brazilian literature, including oao Guimardes Rosa (Grande Seri& Veredas ), Joao Cabral de Melo eto (Morte e .Vida Severina), Jorge Amado (Tocaia Grande), besides cl ssic authors Jose de Alencar and Machado de Assis. Avancini is also know for discovering and making stars out of nobodies. Marilia Pera and G aria Menezes, for example, are two veteran stars who had Avancini's hel ing hand. Avancini also created Sonia Braga, choosing her to star in theGab iela novela in 1977.

Five years earlier he had transformed Regina Duarte into Bra il's sweetheart, after giving her the starring role in Selva de Pedra (S one Jungle). In 1985, he revealed the fine actress in poet-model-muse Bruna Lombardi casting her as Diadorim, a woman dressed as man in Guimapaes Rosa's Grande Sertc7o: Veredas. Bruna ended up doing one of the most memorable nude scenes of the Brazilian cinematography.

The director is already planning other media attention grabbers for Mandacaru, the novela that will replace Xica da Silva in August. It wi I be a story set in the '30s in the backlands after the death of legendary bandit Lampido (1898-1934). The main plot has Maria do Carmo, a political boss's daughter, who is coveted by two men—Tirana, a cangaceiro (backland outlaw) and Lieutenant Aquiles.

Six other novelas are being prepared for release in the next few months on competing TV networks. SBT (Sistema Brasileiro de Televisao—Brazilian Television System) has three of them: Chiquititas, a co-production with Argentinean TV Telefe; Perola Negra (Black Pearl), and A Pantera (The Panther).

Globo also has three soap operas in the oven. Anjo Mau is a remake of a 1976 original by Cassiano Gabus Mendes. The text has been updated for the '90s by playwright Maria Adelaide Amaral. The wicked nanny, the main character, will be played by GlOria Pires. Manoel Carlos's Por Amor deals with the daily conflicts of middleclass families. Also in the works is Antonio Calmon's Corpo Dourado (Golden Body), a reference to tanned bodies on the beach.

BRAZZIL - ;JULY 1997

B.S. (Not Barbra Streisand) The recent filing of a suit against Secretary of State . Warren Christopher by Robert Olsen, former American deputy consul at Sao Paulo's U.S. consulate general, has brought to light some questionable practices by Yankee diplomatic personnel in Brazil. Racism is nothing new for the U.S. diplomatic service. Just recently, Carlos Alexandre, 6. a black, was refused a visa to visit the U.S. with his classmates and thus became a cause celebre. The other students. all W hite, had no problem getting the document. Alexandre ended up getting the visa, though. after the B.S. hit the press.

Olsen is asking $750,000 in damages for what he calls unfair firing. He alleges that he was given the pink slip after refusing to adopt what he considers discriminatory procedures to grant visas. The consulate created a series of codes to evaluate candidates for an American visa. Here are some of them: LP (looks poor), LR (looks rough), RK (rich kid), TP (talks poor). and the ultimate big-brother suspicion: IC, meaning take care.

Threatening Wings Cases of buzzards being sucked up by jet turbines and putting passengers lives at risk have been frequent at Rio's GaleCto International Airport.

After the scare of being in an airplane that swallowed one of these birds, renowned singer Gal Costa has gathered signatures in a letter asking for prompt measures from the government to solve the problem. which is apparently linked to the presence of a sanitary dump operated by the city in the Duque de Caxias neighborhood. Comlurb (Companhia de Limpeza Urbana—Urban Cleaning Company), the organ responsible for the refuse in the area, says that its operation is clean and that the buzzards are being drawn to clandestine trash deposits. Garbage truck drivers are paid between $I 0 to $30 for each truckload of refuse they deliver to these unauthorized places. The most coveted cargoes are those coming from the supermarkets

A More Coca-like Coke While Diet Coke boasts healthy sales in the U.S., the product, eight years after its release, is dying fast and will soon disappear from the Brazilian market.

Brazilians never liked either the diet epithet, which reminds them of deprivation, or the saccharine and cyclamate taste added to the soft drink. In its place Coca Cola is offering Coca Light, which uses aspartame as sweetener. In the Light version the flavor is much closer to that of Classic Coke. As for calories, Diet and Light are comparable. Coca Cola has 52 percent of the Brazilian market for soft drinks, against less than 10% for Pepsi

By Any Other Name Traditional names are in for new Brazilian parents. At the beginning of the new millenitun, kindergartens and elementary schools will be filled with Antonias, Beneditos, Franciscos, JoAos, Manoelas, Sebastianas and the butt of so many jokes about the Portuguese Manoels and Joaquims. Behind this trend is the desire of young couples to recapture an old Brazil from colonial times using traditional Portuguese and African names.

According to USP (Universidade de SAo Paulo) psychologist, Elaine Rabinovitch, who for years has been studying how Brazilians name their children, the "clean fad" has passed. And with it the use of short and distinctive names such as Julia, Pedro, and Lucas.

Pesky Addenda After the recent decision in Geneva, Switzerland, by the Telecommunications International Union to create new domains (those three letters at the end of a Web site address), Brazil decided to go its own way. The Brazilian Internet Supervising Committee has opted for these new appendices: .art (for artistic activities), .esp (for sports), .ind (for industries), .etc (for miscellaneous), .inf (for inforrnation providers), .psi (for access providers), tinp (for temporary events). The international list includes designations such as .firm, .info, .store, and .web, none of them adopted by Brazil.

The Second Is a Charm "This is a very happy day," commented President Fernando Henrique Cardoso when he learned that a constitutional amendment had been approved by Congress allowing him to be a candidate for a second term in the

8

e 'glen

Saint Damiao The "world's largest Catholic country" doesn't have a saint it can call its own. Not officially anyway. The death of frei (friar) Damiao on May 3 1, at age 98, after a 19-day coma at Hospital Portugues in Recife (state of Pernambuco), reminded Brazilians that they had their own Mother Tereza and also showed how official religion can be distant from the voices on the streets. During the three-day wake there were lines up to three miles long leading to Basilica da Penha where people could stay only ten seconds in front of the coffin. Police estimate that 300,000 people came from all over to say their goodbyes.

For decades, Frei Damido, born Pio Gianotti in Bozzano, Italy, was considered a holy man and images portraying him can be found in chapels all over the Northeast. Many even believed that he never ate or slept. Popular repent istas (improvisers) have also immortalized him as a myth through literatura de cordel, booklets printed in cheap paper.

Since 1931 when the young Capuchin arrived in the northeastern backlands and started preaching in Gravata, Recife, he never left the region, preaching in some 800 cities in the area. Damiao never lost his accent and has not naturalized as a Brazilian. He also never abandoned his fire-and-sulfur kind of sermons, which condemned to hell even seemingly light sinners. "In hell," he used to say, "the heat is a billion times hotter than in the Northeast. The flames rise and burn without stopping the bodies of the adulterous, prostitutes, effeminate and criminals."

He also condemned dancing ("When a man and a woman get together to dance, nothing good will come out of it"), mini-skirt and pants for women ("For women who wear long pants there is a place reserved very deep in hell."), the pill and sensual kisses ("A kiss given in a girlfriend's cheek is no big deal, but a kiss on the mouth or a tongue kiss, this is a sin. The couple will go to hell head first.")

Even when the Vatican II Council in the ' 60' s changed the ways the church dealt with the faithful, Frei Damiao stuck to his old style. That made him persona non grata to the Catholic Church hierarchy, which forbade him from preaching in several dioceses. Even when dozens of thousands of people showed up to bid farewell to their saint, the Church maintained a cautious distance. Many miracles have been attributed to him. The Theology Institute of Recife catalogued more than 80. Many of them related to disgraces that befell on those who refused to follow his advice.

Legend has it, for example, that an adulterous man, though still young and healthy, died 15 days after being advised but not following instructions to abandon his lover.

In a story from Juazeiro do Norte, Ceara, a father and daughter who lived as husband and wife are told by the religious man to abandon that life or risking being transformed into animals. They don't listen to the friar's advice and next thing they know they are bleeting as goats. He is also credited with several instances of rain.

Frei Dam iao's canonization process can only start in five years. It will be an uphill battle, however. Brazil has had only two people beatified—the first step in a canonization— by the Church in 500 years. The first one was the Spanish Jesuit priest Jose de Anchieta (1534-1597) who played. a key role in the cultural adaptation of the Indians in the early years of Brazil in the 1600s. His beatification came in 1980. In 1981, Italian nun mother Paulina do Coracao de Jesus Agonizante also passed the first step to become a saint.

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

Ns= Cantankerous Prodigy Son of a general and the brother of two other generals—one of which was Joao Baptista Figueiredo, Brazil's President during the recent military dict torship—Guilherme Figueiredo always preferred to fight on battlefields of w rds.

Known as extremely devoted to friend , he also made several enemies, such as It lian director Franco Zefirelli, whom he acc sed of stealing his ideas to make The Y ung Toscanini.

Writer Guilherme Figueiredo was putting the last touches on his memoirs' b ok, A Bala Perdida (The Stray Bullet), hen he died of cardiac arrest at age 82 a the Hospital Samaritano in Botafogo, a n ighborhood on Rio's southside. "It s a methaphor on every one and life's d terminism," he told Rio's daily 0 Globo hen asked about the book. "In Brazil, we al risk dying from such a bullet."

"I never understood why he never was admitted to the Brazilian Academy of Letters," commented after his death reno ned actress Tonia Carrero, who debuted on stage in 1949 playing alongside another Br zilian stage monster, Paulo Autran, in Urn Deus Dormiu La em Casa (A God lept at My Home). Figueiredo's failed 1962 attempt to be elected to the Aca emy inspired As Excelencias—ou Como Entrar para a Academia (The Exce lencies—Or How to Enter the Academy).

The observation of human foibles was also the inspiration for his ost successful book, Tratado Geral dos Chatos (General Treatise on Boring Peo le), which sold 100,000 copies, in a country where the sale of 10,000 boo s is considered bestselling). Tratado originated from his observations of gue ts at parties given in Paris by the Brazilian embassy, where Figueiredo was cul ural attaché beggining in 1964.

Born in Campinas, Sao Paulo state, on February 13, 1915, Guilherme Figueiredo was only 17 when invited by legendary media mogul ssis Chateaubriand (1892-1968) to work at Rio's daily A Noite . It was the star of a literary career that would make him a celebrated playwright and noveli t. A graduate in law, he never practiced it.

The writer spent many years writing music, theater and literary criticis . He was just 21 when he published his first book in 1936. It was the work of p etry Um Violino na Sombra (A Violin in the Shade). Three years later, his ereve Geral (General Strike) premiered on stage and his first novel (Trinta Anos Sem Paisagem—Thirty Years Without Landscape) was published.

The theater would be his medium par excellence. A Raposa e as Uvas The Fox and the Grapes) was his best known play and it has been performed 50 countries. He also wrote novels ( Viagem —Trip, Cobras e Lagartos—S akes and Lizards, Maria da Praia—Mary of the Beach) and short stories (Rondi ella e Outras Historias—Rondinella and Other Stories).

During his stay in Paris from 1964 to 1968, Figueiredo dedicated hims If to writing novels and newspaper cranicas (literary short pieces). From 19 9 to 1985, the period in which his brother was President, he refused to write hese cranicas so he wouldn't be accused of using information obtained from Bras la's high echelons.

Out of respect for his brother he refused to grant interviews or to talk in p blic while Joao Figueiredo was in the presidency, but he never hid his scorn for censorship: "Yes, I accept censorship, but that of the public who doesn't go see bad plays and doesn't read back books."

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

nation's highest office. This was a personal victory for FHC. Other similar attempts to change the constitution in 1934, 1946, 1988, and 1993 failed. It is the first time since the proclamation of the republic in 1889 that presidential reelection will be allowed. It wasn't smooth sailing all the way though. Both Houses of congress had to vote twice and victory was far from certain. The revelation that at least two congressmen had sold their votes almost sidetracked the whole process. But the opposition's cries of foul play were smothered and the government was able to dissuade their foes from starting a parliamentary inquiry on the matter.

Bye-Bye, the Redeemer It was going, going, gone for the March 31 celebration in Brazil.

According to the military, the date marks the day of the glorious revolution" also known as -the redeemer", the coup d'etat that in 1964 deposed thenPresident Joao Goulart. For most of the population, however, March 31 was the beginning of a dark era of repression, torture, lack of freedom and unchecked corruption. Even after the return to democracy, the Armed Forces continued to celebrate the date.

Last year there were no celebrations, but only recently the Diario Oficial (the federal government daily newspaper) scrapped the March 31 as a military civic celebration. It was about time.

President Fernando Henrique Cardoso was one of the victims of the dictatorship and had to leave Brazil for exile.

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Fernando's Red Book Would you like to know what internationally renowned sociologist and polyglot Fernando I lenrique Cardoso, who happens to be Brazil's President, thinks about the political opening, or human rights, or the press, and other themes like health, national security, sports, tourism, the Amazon? It has never been so easy. There are 5,000 pages of this material at your fingertips on the Internet.

Just type: http://www.cepesc.gov.br/the/ fh.htm The FHC site contains Fernando Henrique's classes, speeches, interviews radio shows, and conferences. It is not an exhaustive compilation, however, but a series of excerpts chosen by officers from the Armed Forces.

Maybe that is why in 16 references to Congress, for 9

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The Times, They Are A-Worsening Seventeen years after his first trip to the country Pope John Paul II will be back in Brazil in November. In July 1980, John Paul visited, among other places, the Vidigalfavela (shantytown) in Rio, where he was saluted with some music called "Joao de Deus" (John of God). Composed byfavelado Marcos Sete, the catchy tune became a national hit. Sete still lives in Vidigal and once again he prepared a song for the Roman Catholic chief. While "Joao de Deus" had naïve and upbeat lyrics, "A Volta do Papa", the new ditto, talks about despair and misery. ...E duro o papa voltar ...It's tough to have the pope Dezessete anos depois back E ver que as ,familias nao Seventeen years later tern And to see that families don't Pra consumir o feijao corn have arroz Their beans and rice to eat As cadeias estao cheias The jails are filled De negros e favelados With blacks and shantytown Ricos cada vez mais ricos people Pobres endividados The rich are ever so richer Na hora da divisao The poor have many debts Esquecem nossos valores When it is time to share Todos falam em Jesus They forget our value Poucos sao seus Everyone talks about Jesus seguidores Few are His followers

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The Answer Is No, Sir Yankee arrogance and condescension suffered a rude blow during the recent conference in Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais state) of 34 countries of the Americas—Cuba was not invited—to discuss the future of ALCA (Area de Livre Comercio das Americas—Americas' Free Trade Area). While the U.S. was pushing for a fast opening of South America's markets, Brasilia's position— which defends slower integration and would delay such an alliance until 2005— prevailed.

Four years ago, the U.S. didn't see any chance for Brazil to join NAFTA (North American Free Trade Association), the economic alliance among Mexico, the United States and Canada. Today, Americans are coveting the rapidly expanding markets of Mercosul, which are led by Brazil and Argentina. Curiously, as recently as February, U.S. Trade Representative Charlene Barshefsky, showing no courtesy or diplomatic restraint, called Mercosul that "little market".

In Belo Horizonte, Brazil and Argentina left it clear that from now on they are not the U.S. backyard. "The monologue has ended," said Diego Guellar, Argentina's ambassador in Brazil.

Responding to frequent American accusations that Brazil imposes undue barriers to international trade, Cardoso argued in Belo Horizonte: "Hemispheric integration depends much more on the capacity of the countries in the North opening their markets than on our disposition for integration."

Without significantly developed industry like its northern neighbor, it is natural that Brazil fears being invaded by cheaper and better products made in the U.S.. And Brazilians want to be prepared to make such a trade a little more even.

They also know that behind all the American rhetoric about free markets, Uncle Sam has a pocketful of wicked little tricks that keeps Brazilian products from the Yankee market.

Accusing Brazil of subsidizing some export products, the US imposes surtaxes of up to 90% on Brazilian raw products for steel manufacturing and 80% on orange juice, in addition to different rates for another 26 items. The northern big brother also welcomes some agricultural products such as melon, as long as they are off-season up north, but they will not touch Brazilian beef since, according to their convenient story, Brazilian cattle has disease and, yes, they will buy Brazilian sugar, but only in very limited quantities.

According to an impartial source, the Europe-based International Institute for Management Development (IMD), the holier-than-thou U.S. ranks 29th in free market conditions out of a list of 46 countries. Brazil comes in just a little lower at the 35th position. The actualization of ALCA will constitute a powerful economic block, larger than that of the European Union, with close to 800 million people generating $9 trillion in annual trade.

10

• •

example, there is only praise for the lawmen.

Recanting Justice When police officer Nelson Oliveira dos Santos Cunha, 29, was condemned to 261 years in jail last November, the decision was hailed as a new era in which police atrocities wouldn't go unpunished. Cunha was convicted of murder in a July 23, 1993 massacre on the steps of the Candelaria church in downtown Rio, that left eight street children dead.

Like any other Brazilian condemned to more than 20 years in prison, the policeman was granted automatic retrial.

This time a jury, by 4 to 3, chose to acquit him on all eight counts of murder even though he was identified as one of the killers by some of the 60 children who survived the early morning attack.

Cunha himself has admitted having participated in the killing raid, but denies having killed anybody. He will remain in jail, though, serving an 18-year sentence for attempted murder. Commenting about the conviction reversal, Rio's District Attorney Jose Munhoz Pinheiro said, This decision shames our society."

Prosecutors are now thinking about requesting a third trial.

Help Declined "Thanks but no thanks and keep your hands off," was the Brazilian response to the announcement that Uncle Sam had readied an elite force to "defend the Amazon forest".

The news was given on June 4

by U.S. Navy lieutenant Jane Campbell, spokesman for the Panama based South Command. Apparently this green troop has been getting ready for four years now. The Brazilian government, though, despite insistent coaxing from the United States has until now refused to engage in joint military exercises in the Amazon with the Americans.

"The Amazon forest is being preserved by Brazil and we don't need any military help for this preservation," said Brazilian brigadier Sergio Xavier Ferolla from the Supreme Military Tribunal to weekly newsmagazine /stoE "The Amazon, as Brazilian territory, has to be duly respected by foreigners."

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

The Power in Brasilia Who is Brazil's most influent lawmaker in Congress? You might be in for a surprise. The DIAP (Departamento Intersindical de Assessoria Parlarnentar—Inter-Union Department of Parliamentary Assistance) asked the same question to the congressmen : rnemselves. The winner was Inocencio Oliveira, neither a household name nor a politician belonging to a political clan or the PSDB (Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira — Brazilian Social Democracy Party), the governing party. Oliveira, a non-assuming octor and businessman on the center right, is the leader of the PFL (Partido da Frente Liberal— Liberal Front Party), a group allied to the government. He is praised and respected by all political currents, according to the poll, thanks to his coherence and for being a man who keeps his word.

Completing the list of the 10 most powerful legislators were: 2. Senator Antonio Carlos Magalhaes (PIT, Bahia); 3. Representative Luis Eduardo Magalhaes, son of AntOnio Carlos (PFL„ Bahia); 4. Representative Michel Temer (PMDB. Sao Paulo); 5.

Representative Jose Genoino (PT. Sao Paulo); 6. Senator and former President Jose Samey (PMDB, Amapa); 7.

Representative and ex-Finance Minister Delfim Netto (PPB, Sao Paulo): 8. Representative Miro Teixeira (PDT, Rio de Janeiro); 9. Senator Eduardo Suplicy (PT, Sao Paulo), and Representative and former Planning Minister Roberto Campos (PPII, Rio (le Janeiro).

Curiously the leader of the government in the House, Aecio Neves (PSDB, Minas Gerais) came in 26th place.

A Little Tinkering The recent election results in France and England has the PFL (Partido da Frente Liberal—Liberal Front Party) fearing for its life. The party that has assured the victory of President Fernando Henriqtte Cardoso is afraid that voters will see them as conservative come the 1998 elections. To prevent such a perception they are planning to change the party's name from PIT to PSI, (Partido Social Liberal— Liberal Social Party). Problem is, Brazil already has a PSL, which has a sole representative. Both parties are now talking about a friendly takeover.

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

o ales

Calling Damage Control The recent bomb thrown at the PT (Partido dos Trabalhadores—Workers' Party) by one of their own has badly hurt a group whose main capital is its perceived integrity. In an interview with Sao Paulo's daily Jornal da Tarde, economist Paulo de Tarso Venceslau unveiled some controversial deals between some PT administrators and Roberto Teixeira, godfather and best friend of Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, two-time presidential candidate and PT's honorary president. The commotion also served to make public that Lula has been living for free at a house of Teixeira since 1989.

Lula resigned his post in the party while the matter is being investigated. Critics, however, didn't see this gesture as anything more than a useless cosmetic fix. They point to the fact that the accusations had originally been made in 1993 and that no serious investigation was made at that time. Only when Tarso went public was the matter taken seriously. This is seen as a grave flaw in a party ever so eager to start parliamentary inquiries whenever any shadow of impropriety is spotted in their neighbors' backyards.

According to Tarso, a former guerrilla who took part in the 1969 kidnapping of the American ambassador in Brazil, Charles Burke Elbrick (who was later exchanged for 15 jailed guerrillas),Teixeira, using his relationship with Lula, intermediated deals between a consulting firm called CPM (Consultoria para Empresas e Municipios—Consultancy for Business and Municipalities) and several cities governed by the PT. Many of the contracts ended up being signed without proper bidding. For a 20% commission, CPM offered ways to raise the amount of taxes collected in the municipalities.

A poll conducted by Informestado, right rafter the accusations were published, revealed that 56 percent of the population did: 't trust the PT. Before the scandal this number was 47 percent. The affair was even more damaging for Lula. From those interviewed 70 percent said the PT leader w s dishonest and not to be trusted. The number of those who though that before Tarso' s disclosure was only 57 percent.

Bandit Revisited When released in 1953, 0 Cangaceiro (The Backlands's Bandit)—presented in the U.S. as The Bandit—turned into an instant national and international hit. Director Vitor Lima Barreto (1905-1982) became Brazil's first internationally renowned filmmaker, and his work won a Cannes International Film Festival prize for best adventure film. 0 Cangaceiro was shown in 82 countries and ten million Brazilians (one quarter of the population at that time) saw the movie.

The movie has been remade by Anibal Massaini Neto in Pernambuco's arid lands.

The new version has plenty of music with the prominent participation of famous accordion player Dominguinhos, enough sex even for the more voyeuristic of movie fans, and lots of blood and gratuitous violence. While inspired by the old Hollywood westerns, 0 Cangaceiro has no white hats.

Everybody wears black, including the police. Two women, rich Olivia and Maria Bonita are essential to the plot.

Bandit Galdino's (actor Paulo Gorgulho) wife, Maria Bonita (Luiza Tome) loves the more refined and kind Teodoro (Alexandre Paternost). But when both men fight, it is over pretty Olivia, interpreted by Ingra Liberato.

The latest version also introduces a new character. He is the boy Tico (Tom Cajueiro), who while living with cangaceiro Galdino's band bears witness to all their atrocities, and as an old man in prison (Jofre Soares in his last role before dying in August 1996) serves as a narrator for the horror yarn.

11

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7 ALESAADALEVI

alegen is a new medicine sold in tablet form used in the treatment of xerostoma, a disease also known as dry mouth syndrome in which the person is not able to produce saliva.

Its active ingredient is pilocarpine, a substance extracted from jaborandi, a plant native to Northeastern Brazil. The Brazilian Indians have known about jaborandi's therapeutic properties for generations. The American lab that developed the new drug could have saved itself a lot of research and aggravation by just knowing whatjaborandi means: in Tupi-Guarani dialect the word means "slobber-mouth plant" and the shrublike tree has been used since immemorial times by the natives for that: inducing salivation.

Pilocarpus jaborundi is an integral part of Brazilian folk medicine. Caboclos (non-Indian jungle residents) and Indians prepare a tea with its leaves and drink it as a diuretic or to induce sweat. Diabetics and asthma sufferers use it as expectorant and stimulant via an infusion made with the powdered leaves. Arthritis and pleurisy—a lung inflammation—have also been treated with jaborandi. And when applied to the scalp, a potion made with the leaves is believed to prevent baldness. Merck Laboratory has marketed a product made from jaborandi called Policarpina, which is used in the treatment of glaucoma.

All in all, the little Amazon tree is nature's miracle drug like hundreds of others whose secrets many times are only known by shamans who have been passing this oral knowledge from generation to generation. When the first Europeans landed in the Americas, the indigenous peoples from the region, utilizing plants and other natural substances had already developed a sophisticated medical system that included diagnosis and treatment of all kinds of diseases.

With the skyrocketing prices of developing new drugs and a seeming exhaustion of the traditional allopathic medicine, more and more laboratories around the world are showing interest in this wealth of folk medicine knowledge. The costs of researching the medicinal powers of plants are far less than trying to produce synthetic drugs. Besides, the sheer number of different chemicals that exist in the Amazon, for example, dwarfs the capacity that scientist have of creating new products Brazilians have been noticing foreigners' covetous eyes on their natural and floral wealth and many people think the country is being robbed by unscrupulous biopirates, be it under the disguise of missionary or scientific expeditions, be it through multinationals claiming a stake in this wealth often times considered mankind's public domain patrimony. Many companies have also used the argument that Brazil has no right to demand compensation and royalties for its resources when the country is an infamous pirate itself producing medicines patented overseas without paying any royalties to its creators. This problem, however, has been addressed recently by the Fernando Henrique

S

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

Cardoso administration, which has passed a law recognizing foreign patents for several products including pharmaceutical ones.

Among Brazilian herbal products widely used in the country, santo daime (Vine Banisteriopsis) and quebra-pedra(Parietariaofficinalis)have been patented in the U.S.. The first substance, extracted from a vine, and also known as jagupe and ayahuasca, has hallucinogenic properties and is used in connection with some Indian religious rituals and some sects. The International Plant Medicine Corporation got its patent. The quebrapedra (stone breaker, literally), also known as fura-paredes (walls piercer, literally) is prepared as an infusion for kidney ailments. In the U.S., it became a medicine for hepatitis. In Japan, an Amazon plant called muirapliama is being sold as a cure for impotency and as an aphrodisiac.

In Canada, Biolink, a small and new company has patented rupununine, a substance extracted from the seeds of bibiri (Octotea radioei), an Amazon plant. Roraima's Wapixana Indians use the substance as a contraceptive. The Canadian lab hopes to develop a product that will fight tumors and AIDS. Biolink also wants to patent cumaniol, a substance extracted from a poison made from wild manioc, that is used to catch fishes in the Amazon. The new product, according to the Canadian company, might be used to stop the heart during some delicate surgeries.

Another herb abundant in Brazil has become a worldwide phenomenon being touted as the natural Prozac. It is the Hypericum perforatum, better known in Brazil as jasim, erva-de-sao-joao, or hipericao. In Germany, the product, which is taken as a tea or in the form of tablets, is being prescribed by doctors 25 times more than Prozac. German doctors just last year wrote 3 million prescriptions for the product. The craze is also starting to catch up in the U.S.. In Brazil, the herb is being commercialized under the name Extrato de Jasim or Hiperico. A study published in the United States shows that only 2.4% of depressive patients treated with Hypericum presented side effects, while side effects are common for more than 30% of those taking Prozac.

SPECIES COLLECTION It is estimated that the Third World countries with rainforests from which natural resources and indigenous knowledge are being taken are denied $5.4 billion in royalties every year. How much are the rainforests worth? Hard to say. A frequently mentioned estimate puts is at $43 billion just for medicines made from plants. This amount was proposed by P. P. Principe in the book The Economic Significance of Plants and Their Constituents as Drugs published in 1989. As for the profits that are returned to the natives, Darrell Posey, director of the Programme for Traditional Resource Rights at the Oxford Centre for the Environment in Great Britain and researcher for the

13

IN THE BEGINNING Five hundred years ago, 140/0 of the earth's surface was covered by rainforest. Since then, an area of 3.5 million square miles of these forests, roughly equivalent to the size of the United States, has been destroyed. The rainforest today occupies only 6% of the earth. As a consequence of this destruction it is estimated that 1.5 million life form species were lost and 50,000 more continue to be destroyed every year. All this was done and continues to be done in the name of progress and allegedly for economic reasons, even though studies have shown, for example, that 2.4 acres of land in the Amazon can produce $1,000 of annual income when clear cut, but generate $6,800 a year when left intact.

Despite all the destruction, it is believed that the rainforests still preserve 30 million different species, roughly half of all life forms on earth and 2/3 of all plants.

This without mentioning the importance of these forests to the earth's weather and atmosphere. A third of the world's tropical forests are in Brazilian territory and, as for the Amazon forest, two thirds of it are in Brazil. The country still boasts the Pantanal (the world's largest wetland), the Cerrado (the world's most biologically diverse Savannah), and the Mata Atlantica, an even richer life laboratory than the Amazon, despite its much smaller size.

At the time of Brazil's discovery, the Mata Atlantica, the strip of luscious forest covering the entire Brazilian coast, occupied an area equivalent to 12% of today's national territory. In its widest area the strip was as large as 300 miles. Today this treasure has been reduced to 10% of its original size. From 1985 to 1990 alone 1.2 billion trees were cut. Its destruction is a textbook case of how to dilapidate an inestimable patrimony.

The devastation accompanied the several cycles of the Brazilian economy, all of them much more interested in immediate profit instead of a long-term planned investment. First was the brazil wood cycle that would cut this valuable tree destroying in the process 6,000 sq. km of the forest. In the XVIII century, the discovery of gold and precious stones gave the jungle a respite while 2,000 tons of gold were dug up. During the sugar cane and coffee cycles as well as the cocoa tree plantation cycle in the state of Bahia, huge areas of jungle would be burned down to make room for these crops. From 1.5 million sq. km 500 years ago, the Mata Atlantica today is just a sad shadow of its previous self, with just 95,000 sq. km left.

Despite all the recent rhetoric in Brazil about preserving the green, Brazilians were and still are too eager to cut trees. Not before the 80s did the first green groups start to voice their outrage and the theme became a national issue.

In Brazil, the jungle and backwardness have always been equated. Caipira and caipora, two words to designate a rustic man without culture have their roots in Tupi terms that referred to inhabitants of the forest.

"The Amazon's chemiodiversity is much bigger than the forest's visible part," says Massuo Kato from Universidade de Sao Paulo's (USP) Chemistry Institute.

Kato has worked in the development of a new classification for the Amazon's vegetables based on the chemistry of its fruits. This should help to find what is the best time for picking the fruit as well as indicate which part of it has more active elements.

There are tens of millions of species in the world. according to scientists speculations, even though they were able to describe less than 1.5 million up to now, half of them living in rainforests. Some scientists believe that that proportion would grow to 90% in favor of the tropical forest if a complete tally of all species was ever accomplished. Brazil is home to the greatest number of insects species, as well as of terrestrial vertebrates, amphibians, primates, freshwater fish, and flowering plants. With a handful of other countries, it is classified by scientists as a megadiversity land.

Brazilian National Council for Science and Technology at the Goeldi Museum in Belem, state of Para, in Brazil, estimates them at less than 0.001 percent.

While Brazil and many other Third World countries are still discussing how to implement the decisions of Rio's 1992 Earth Summit, with the U.S. dragging its feet on ratifying those documents, the United States has become a hotbed for biopiracy. More than 200 companies have been established here to collect foreign material, an activity that is elegantly called bioprospection, but others prefer to call biopiracy. These prospectors or pirates, who explore everything from plants to human genes, have, become a $60-mililion-a-year industry in the U.S..

According to Luiz Frederico Arruda, a professor at Universidade de Manaus, Amazonas state capital, at least 20,000 plant • samples are taken from the Amazon every year. "Biopiracy has two degrees," said professor Laymert Garcia from Unicamp (Universidade de Campinas), in the state of Sao Paulo, in an interview with the weekly news magazine Veja. "In the first one, taking advantage of a lack of legislation, they patent sub,tances from the forests, without due retribution as envisioned by international treaties. In the second, they get the patent for something that is being used freely.

While the patent has legal value only in the country in which it was registered, it is normal that the rest of the world ends up accepting it."

Brazilian Celso Fiorillo, a doctor in environment and author of Manual do Direito Ambiental .

(Manual of Environmental Law) has denounced the fact that Brazilian Indians are being used as guinea pigs and that th.?. country's flora and fauna are being exploited by multinationals. In an interview with the daily newspaper 0 Estado de Slio Paulo, Fiorillo stated: "Groups that are economically stronger and possess high technology enter

14 BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

has to do with the Brazilian lack of initiative and the absence oft a reasonable policy of what to do with the count y's vast resources.

Brazilian 1 w against this kind of piracy has been vague and enforcement of it is non-existent.

In spite of that, times seem to be changing. Ruediger von Heiningh us, 72, an Austrian naturalized Brazilian, for exa ple, is being prosecuted by the state of Acre accu ed of selling to German labs the Kaxinawa Indians knowledge of medicinal plants.

He is the president of Selvaviva, an NGO (NonGovernmental Organization) that maintains a plant greenhouse in Acre. "I am innocent," says von Heininghaus. 'All I've done was to help the Indians themselve who asked for my assistance."

Biopiracy s nothing new in Brazil. The most infamous cae is that of Englishman Henry Alexander Wi kham, who in 1876 stole rubber tree seeds, hiding them between banana leaves leading to a new plantation of the Hevea brasiliensis in the British colonies in Ceylon, Malaysia. In a few decades the region would become the main exporter of latex, ruining in the process the rubber tree-based Amazon economy. Wickham was knighted by King George V and loathed by Brazil's rubber barons who called him "the Executioner of Amazonas."

Long before that, right after the discovery of the land by the Portuguese in 1500, the discoverers themselves and then other Europeans just stole from the Indians the secret of how to extract a red pigment Ingredients were put together, in 1800. But curare vvo Id frompau-brasil(brazil wood). start being used as an anesthetic only in 1943, four y ars Emblematic of today's situaiso aed. tion, in which flora and fauna bc i ed* , afte ac continue to disappear, the wood that gave Brazil its' name has completely disapit was used in the 20s in the US for the peared, being preserved only in a few botanical gardens.

the Amazon region in many different ways in search of natural products. Afterwards, they industrialize them and resell them to the Third World Country with infinitely superior prices." He calls the Genoma Project undertaken by the G7, the world's seven richest capitalist countries, a grave and dangerous sin because "it implies patenting life."

Fiorillo calls biopiracy a serious breach of the country's sovereignty. "Globalization is the modern name for colonialism. There is a direct connection between this neoliberal policy and the seizing of our environment's wealth by developed countries." He also criticizes the Brazilian government for paying lip service in defense of the Amazon to appease the press while at same time cutting the staff in charge of guarding the forest. "The number of public servants caring for the Amazon is ridiculous," he says.

"The Ministry of the Environment and the Legal Amazon have been treated as mere perfumery, although it is essential to maintain the Amazon's sovereignty and environment."

SUBTLE PIRACY

Biopiracy can be very sophisticated and hardly noticeable. Here is a classic example. In 1988, the American magazine National Geographic published an article about the medicinal uses of the tiki uba, a plant used by the Amazon Urueu-Wau-Wau The Indians. from people Merck Pharmaceutical read the story, studied the substance and started to develop a product based on their "discovery". No consideration or reward has been given to the Urueu-Wau-Waus, who are on the brink of extinction.

Sergio Ferreira, the president of SBPC (Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciencia— Brazilian Society for the Progress of Science), has denounced the exploitation of the natural and intellectual resources of Brazil without due compensation. But he also recognizes that part of the problem BFtAZZIL - JULY 1997

SOUNDING OUT During the 1992 World Summit on Ecology in Rio, the 144 countries present signed the Convention on Biological Diversity, a document establishing th at communities or countries must be paid royalties when companies develop products based on their natural resources or indigenous knowledge. That document stressed the role native populations h ve on conservation and the fostering of biological 4iversity, recognizing "the close and traditional de endence of many indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles on biologicalresources."

These peoples have not only taken from the 15

A Natural First-Aid Kit Ayahuasca or caapi or santo daime or jagupe (Banisteria caapi)— Stimulant of the senses, with claims to cure cancer. Patented by International Plant Medicine Corporation.

Bibiri or beberu (Ocotea radioei)— Used as contraceptive, and as a HIV and small tumors inhibitor.

Cabacinha (Luffa operculata)— Mixed with cachaca (sugar-cane hard liquor) it is used against sinusitis and as a nasal decongestant. As an unguent it is applied on tumors.

Erva botAo (Eclipta prostata)— An antidote to snake bites.

Erva de jabuti or aperta-ruao (Leandra lacunosa)—Good against diabetes.

Guarana (Paulinia cupania)— Source of caffeine, it fights fatigue.

Used in soft drinks.

Hortela roxo—Used as solution for ear pain.

Jaborandi (Pilocarpus jaborandi)—Taken as a tea as a diuretic or to induce sweat. Also used in treatment of diabetes, asthma, arthritis, and baldness.

Japana (Eupatoriu ayapana)— Leaves are rubbed on insects bites.

Muirapuama (Ptychopetalum olacoides)- It is reputed to be an aphrodisiac. Also used for arthritis and as a stimulant.

Oriza—Tea is taken for heart ailments Pan d'Arco (Tabebuia impetiginosa) A medicine for candida, athletes foot and also used as a natural anti-biotic. It has also been used against cancer.

Pica° (Bidens Pilosa)—For the treatment of malaria and hepatitis Puxuri or puxiri or pixurim (Licaria Puchurymajor)—A preventive medicine against baby colic.

Quebra-pedra (Parietaria officinalis)—For kidney stones and urinary tract relief. Patented by Fox Medical Center for the treatment of hepatitis B. Saracura-mira—A cure-all elixir.

Used to treat all kinds of pain and also malaria Sucuuba (Himathantus Sucuba)— Mosquito repellent. It can be used in candles.

Suma or piriguara or paraguaia (Achietea salutaris)— Called South American Ginseng. Used as tonic and to relieve the symptoms of menopause.

16

land. They have contributed to biodiversity by planting and transplanting. To describe how these apparently wild places have been transformed by the Indians' presence, the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has coined the term "cultural landscapes".

This assertion has important implications for those defending the rights of indigenous populations over certain knowledge or natural product. According to the law, wild species are public domain and no one can claim them as their property. If the case can me made, however, that they have been altered by human presence, natives of certain areas can claim proprietary rights over some species.

The World Council of Indigenous Peoples, although somewhat tortuously, defines indigenous peoples as "population groups who from ancient times have inhabited the lands where they live, who are aware of having a character of their own, with social traditions and means of expression that are linked to the country inherited from their ancestors, with a language of their own, and having certain essential and unique characteristics which confer upon them the strong conviction of belonging to a people, who have an identity in themselves and should be thus regarded by others."

Rio's Earth Summit has helped the indigenous peoples worldwide to get better organized and define their objectives and ways of achieving them. Since then, they have been active in proposing and discussing laws that might help them, through their own NGOs (Non Governmental Organizations) such as COICA, the World Rainforest Movement, the World Council of Indigenous Peoples and the Indigenous Peoples' Biodiversity Network.

In a 1994 statement, the Coordinating Body of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon Basin (COICA) has expressed what they think about the need to protect Indigenous peoples' rights: "We indigenous peoples need a system of protection and recognition of our resources and knowledge (...) which is in conformity with our world view and contains formulas that will prevent appropriation of our resources and knowledge.'

AT TO DOU

OJ UO!Ir •

• Five years have passed since Eco-92 and Brazil has yet to pass a law that would make the country profit from the resolutions made at that summit meeting. The question has been dragging in Congress without any hint of an agreement soon. Senator Marina Silva, who is from the state of Acre and who worked as a rubber tapper herself as a child, has introduced legislation that generated plenty of debates.

Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela, which constitute the Andean Pact, are more advanced than Brazil in finding ways to stop biopiracy and at the same time have started getting paid for their natural resources. Other countries such as Chile, Costa Rica, and the Philippines have already passed legislation dealing with the subject. ' f. t In the bill draftea by the Bra ilian legislature, articles 18 to 29 deal with the issue of intellectual property. The articles establish among other things that indigenous peoples have the right to maintain their knowledge and formulas a secret. The bill also recognizes their right to collectively apply for protection under the law of international property rights. Indigenous peoples would also be able to share research data, patents and would have a guaranteed monetary reward for products derived from their knowledge.

Congressmen are having a hard time, however, agreeing on what is fair compensation and who should receive royalties in case a product is marketed. Should it be the Indians, the area where the substance or the knowledge was found, the state, the nation? While the lawmen delay their resolution, biopirates feel free to roam the country.

In England, the United Kingdom Royal Botanical Garden, which has thousands of plants from the Amazon region, has stopped its research with Brazilian plants alleging that the murky legal situation BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

extinction. While part of the research aims is to find ways to improve human health, some groups close to indigenous populations criticize the project for its methods, and have dubbed it the "human vampire proj ct". There have been many instances in which the blood was made available in the market after having been collected without previous consent of the people involved. Oddly enough, the U.S. Department of THE NATURAL WAY Commerce has applied for a There is a renewed interest in medicinal patent for cell lines developed plants all over the world. The World Health from the blood of a Papua New Organization (WHO) now has a list including Guinea tribe. Listed as inventors 150 plants that its experts consider therapeuof the product are the U.S. tic. And in Brazil right now there is a boom of government's own scientists and natural medicine. At least 5 million Brazilians the anthropologist who introuse homeopathy as their first choice for treatment, creating an annual half a billion dollar duced them to the tribesmen.

would not guarantee that they have the rights over a product once it is developed. Tropical plants from Costa Rica and Chile continue to be researched since there is clear legislation in those countries and they will receive part of future royalties.

ON THE MARKET

Interested in buying the DNA of Amazon Indians?

Samples of them are as close as any researcher's computer keyboard, for as little as $500. Installed at http://arginine.umdnj.edu in the Internet, the American New-Jersey-based company Coriell Institute for Medical Research has market.

While in the US there are no more than GIVING SOME BACK what it calls the human ge3,000 homeopathic doctors, in Brazil there are netic mutant cell reposi13,000 of them. In 1982 there were a mere Today, at least some compatory, which is sponsored 300. No other country with the exception of by the National Institute of India has more homeopaths. And, in the last nies, with a social conscience have been trying to pay back in General Medical Sciences 20 years, the number of homeopathic pharma(NIGMS), DNA sam- cies has skyrocketed from 10 to 1600. Two some way the communities from ples from the Karitiana and thousand pharmacists produce 3,000 medici- which they derive new products. the Surui, two indigenous nal formulas using minerals, animals, and Case in point, there is U.S.-based groups from the state of most of all plants. There are also 250 dentists Aveda Corp„ a cosmetic comRondonia. Since the Kari- and 100 veterinarians specialized in home- pany that utilizes only natural ingredients and is using the tiana have heard that their opathy.

Modern pharmacology does not ignore jenipapo tree (Genipa americablood is making money the therapeutic effects of plants. Forty percent they started demanding of the time industrialized medicines use plants na) to get the rare blue pigment compensation from anyone as their active ingredient, although generally for some of its 700 products'. The trying to draw blood from in a synthesized more concentrated formula. firm is compensating the Guarani-Kaiowa Indians who helped them.

The active ingredient in aspirin, for example, Some experts believe was originally found in the bark of willow them, by building bamboo and sape grass huts for them to live that all that interest about trees.

According to the American publication in, and planting 100,000 trees in these Indians has to do with the fact that they hardly The Nutrition Business Journal, 60% of Yan- their reservation in Dourados, in have malaria, a common kee physicians have on occasion referred a the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. disease throughout the patient to alternative treatments, including The benefits shall amount to naturopathy, herbalism, and homeopathy. $50,000.

Amazon. Their DNA might In the U.S., the market for herbal suppleFew companies have been so have the key for a cure. ments grossed over $700 million in 1995 and Indian blood sleuths have it is expected that this amount will grow to active in developing medicinal products from the Brazilian flora also been encouraged by $1.6 by the year 2000. as San Francisco-based Shaman the news that German laboBotanists believe that from 35,000 to ratory Boehringer Ingel- 70,000 plant species are used throughout the Pharmaceuticals. Two of these heim bought for $70 mil- world as medicine, most of them growing in products that use plants from the lion genetic material from tropical forests. And in the U.S. there are at Amazon—Provir and Virend— an African tribe collected least 120 widely used prescription drugs made are in their last phase of developby U.S. company Sequana from 95 species of plants, 39 of which are ment. Both utilize crotao latex. originally from the rainforest.

Provir, which was already Therapeutics, which beRoughly 1/4 of all pharmaceutical prodsubjected to a battery of tests in lieves to have found the key ucts in the market today use substances from the first quarter of 1997, is deto cure asthma. There was the rainforest. signed to treat chronic diarrhea. no compensation for the Among widely used products based on Other tests with AIDS patients tribesmen. plants we have aspirin, morphine, and coThe Coriell case is not deine. There is also digitalis, used as a heart suffering from diarrhea are bean isolated one. It is part of medicine; curare, as a muscle relaxant; and ing conducted right now. As for the worldwide effort put to- colchicin, prescribed as an anti-inflammatory. Virend, it might put an end to the search of an up-to-now elusive gether by the Human Gecure for genital herpes, a disease nome Organization (HUthat afflicts 30 million AmeriGO) since 1988. The work cans. is being coordinated by the Human Genome DiverShaman has already researched close to 7,000 sity Project, which intends to collect blood from plants from t e Amazon. According to the cornsmall and isolated communities threatened with , BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

pany, when they market a new product derived profits from new medicines derived from the forest from tropical plants they reward in some way the to the indigenous people) are the wave of the future community where the plant was found. In a recent and an example to be followed. interview with the Brazilian daily Folha de Sao Paulo, Megan Ravel, communications director for THE NATIONAL TEAM the company, talked about Shaman's work in Brazil: "For the most part our Instead of just experiments go nowhere, but crying foul and if we are able to develop at complaining least one drug that works we about foreign robcan consider ourselves vicbers stealing their torious." natural resources, As for paying back the some Brazilian communities involved in the researchers and research, Megan said: "It institutes, as redepends on how much we ported by the make with a discovery and daily Folha de it also depends on what the Sao Paulo, are trycommunity needs. We might ing themselves to build a school, a hospital, a unchain the curanursery, or something else. tive properties of But the property rights for Brazilian herbs the medicine are ours beand plants. There GET OFF OUR JUNGLE cause we were the ones who are at least a Most of all, the military are today in the forefront of a developed it." dozen products movement to keep foreigners out of the Brazilian jungle.

Despite controversy and Some of them are even ready to go to war, literally, in defense being tested, from accusations of abusing the of the rainforest against what they call the "international malaria and diaIndian population's good cupidity-. betes medicines "We can start a guerrilla war over there as the Vietnamese faith, the London-based costo contraceptives metic manufacturer Body have done," said reformed colonel Gelio Augusto Fregapani and potions for at the end of last year in Rio, during a forum called "Amazon Shop, which has a chain of - Threat of Territorial Losses, Occupation, and Develop- poisonous snakestores throughout the world, ment," which was part of the Third National Encounter on bites. Chemist continues its joint effort with Strategic Studies, a meeting organized by the Escola Superior Benjamin Gilbert the Kayapo Indians. They de Guerra ( Higher School of War). from Fundacao It was a rare instance of the right and left putting aside buy annually $160,000 in Oswaldo Cruz in Brazil nuts from them for their differences to join efforts against a common enemy. Sao Paulo, for exFormer Army minister Leonidas Pires Goncalves was there as the manufacturing of sham- well as Roraima's governor Neudo Campos, and historian ample, has been poos and conditioners. testing the pica° Lygia Garner, who teaches at Southeast Texas University.

There are many people The assembly's indignation was palpable when lieuten(Bidens pilosa) who believe that mankind in ant-colonel, Marcus Vinicius Belfort Teixeira, who at 43 is tea, a popular regeneral and the pharmaceu- considered one of the youngest most active military voices cipe in the Amatical industry in particular today. denounced the U.S. effort to internationalize the Ama- zon for those afare indebted to the healers zon. And the mood was belligerent when the Air Force officer flicted with matold about a sticker circulating on car windows in London that and shamans from the trop- say: "Fight for the forest. Burn a Brazilian." laria or hepatitis ics. Mark J. Plotkin, an B. According to Belfort, the Brazilian government is demarAmerican ethnobotanist cating indigenous areas on the frontier with other South Also in search who wrote Tales of a Sha- American countries—something he considers extremely dan- of a cure for maman's Apprentice: An Eth- gerous to national security—succumbing to international pres- laria, the Centro nob otanist Searches for New sure mainly from the United States and Germany. Americans de Plantas MediMedicines in the Amazon and Germans, according to Teixeira and other military person- cinais (Medicinal nel, are interested in the mineral-rich area's subsoil.

Rain Forest , is one who Plants Center) thinks so. "Every time a shafrom Amapa's man dies, it is as if a library Instituto de Estuburned down," he says. Dr. Plotkin is the vice dos e Pesquisas (Studies and Researches Institute) president of Washington-based Conservation Inhas been studying a recipe devised by the Waipi ternational and former director of the plant proIndians, who use an oil made from the plant andiroba gram at the Worldwide Fund for Nature.

(Carapa guianensis). The same group is also in the He is in favor of developing alternative stratefinal phase of tests with 60 diabetics who are being gies to foster tropical forestry studies while helptreated with capsules made from pata-de-vaca with ing native populations. According to him, Shaman promising results, according to the researchers.

Pharmaceuticals and Healing Forest Conservancy At the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (a non-profit organization that pledges to return all (UFRJ)a group of researchers led by chemist Angelo 18

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997 .

da Cunha Pinto has been studying the effects of Environmental Facility (GEF) and a consortium of sucuuba (Imathantus sitcuuba) in the treatment of European banks. tumors. In lab tests the substance was able to repair The plan should face challenges in its implethe yeast's DNA. Walter Mors, another UFRJ's mentation in Several areas in the states of Acre, chemist, who is retired, for 10 years has been Para, and Roraima where the land is being occustudying the anti-ophidic properties of erva-botilo pied by posseiros (squatters) and garimpeiros (pre(Echpta prostata). Tests with lab mice were very cious stones prospectors). Some areas of the Mata promising and the solution prepared with the herb, Atlantica were left out of the plan because the according to Mors, was effective in neutralizing the expropriation price would be too high. poison of every kind of In this case, the government de▪ ME• • • • • II • • II III • Ill II II II snake he tested. Better yet, • ided, through fiscal incentives and he has found out that the • VVant to know more? pecial rural credit, to encourage potion can be taken as a farmers to establish private reserves Try these places: preventive medicine. "If ▪ f the natural patrimony in which the any laboratory decides to rea would be kept intact and open to Aubrey Organics, 4419 North Maninvest," he announced, "we cotourism. hattan, Tampa, FL 33614 - (813) 877might have a commercial 4186 product in five years."

SHORT LIVES Avalon Natural Cosmetics , 1129 Industrial Ave, Petaluma, CA 94952 (707) 769-5120 Amid all the dispute about the SALVATION PLAN Aveda Corporation, 4000 Pheasant razilians Indians, few people know Ridge Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55449 hat they are in dismal shape, having In February, the Envi(800) 283-3224 life expectancy comparable only to ronment Ministry presented Biogenesis Consulting, Dr. Tony C. he poorest countries in Africa. Worse to the World Bank a project Leite, N.D., PO Box 902211, Palmdale, to protect Brazilian bioet, between 1993 and 1995, while CA 93590 - (805) 274-6179 Conservation International, 1015 ife expectancy increased in the diversity in the Amazon and 18th Street NW, Washington DC 20036 hole world, Brazilian Indians had the Mata Atlantica, a strip - (800) 429-5660 heir rate diminished by 5.6 years. of forest along Brazil's Coriell Institute for Medical Reccording to the Instituto de Medicoast. Together they comsearch, 401 Haddon Avenue, Camden, ma Tropical de Manaus (Manaus prise an area of 168.7 milNJ 08103 - (609) 966-7377 Tropical Medicine Institute), the lion hectares, 19% of the FDA Center for Food Safety and !MTM, a Brazilian Indian in 1995 national territory, harborApplied Nutrition Office of Colors and Cosmetics, 200 C Street SW, Washinghould expect to live an average of ing more than 75% of the ton, DC 20204 - (202) 205-4494 2.6 years compared to 67 years for country's biodiversity.

Herb Research Foundation, 1007 he Brazilian population as a whole.

The plan is to create Pearl St., Suite 200, Boulder, CO 80302 The Amazon Indian lives even seven ecological corridors, - Tel.: (303) 449-2265 ess than his counterpart in other arjoining big conservation Herbal Healer Academy, HC 32, as of the country. Those at the Javari pockets, national parks, InBox 97-B, Mountain View, AR 72560 iver valley, for example, have a life dian reservations, and eco(501) 269-4177 Merck & Co Inc, 1 Merck Drive, xpectancy of a mere 24.5 years. The logical stations. The first Whitehouse Station, NJ 08889 - (908) am n causes of death in this region two corridors should be es423-100 - http://www.merck.com re malaria and hepatitis, both tablished this month at a Paul Penders Company, 1340 Comrought by loggers who invade their cost of $44 million. One of merce Street, Petaluma, CA 94954 erritory.

The Yanomami warriors them is the area of the Mata (707) 763-5828 o not have a much better lot in life.

Atlantica between the states Rainforest Action Network, 450 Sansome Street Suite 700, San Franhey live on average 34.1 years since of Bahia and Espirito Santo, cisco, CA 94111 -(415) 398-4404 arimpeiros started to make contact the other is the Amazon cenShaman Pharmaceuticals Inc., 213 • ith them in 1987. tral corridor, which inEast Grand Avenue, South San FranRomulo Cesar Saboia Moura, the cludes Jan's National Park cisco, CA 94080 - (415) 952-7070 scientist in charge of the research for and areas in the Solimaes United Plant Savers, PO Box 420, the IMTM, attributes this situation to River basin. Indigenous East Barre, VT 05649 - (802) 479-9825 the little medical care given the Indipeoples and other people World Wildlife Fund, 1250 24th Street NW Suite 500, Washington DC ans by Funai (Fundacao Nacional do inside the area, including 20037 - (202) 293-4800 indio—National Foundation for the farmers will be encouraged Indian), a government entity. to engage in activities that • •• • • • • II While the so-called SUS (Sistema preserve the forest and alOnico de Sande—Uniform Health System) spends low a sustainable development. a meager ave age of $100 per Brazilian a year, Landowners will have the extra incentive of Funai invests we times less: $22 per Indian a year. lower taxes if they don't destroy the jungle. The soIt is estimate that there are 329,000 Indians in called Pilot Program for the Protection of the BraBrazil today, own from 2 to 5 million at the time zilian Tropical Forests, known for short as PP/G7, the European arrived. is being financed by the World's Bank General BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

19

A DOUBLE TAKE e purpose o t is note is two o First, I would like to congratulate you for your May article about the economic force that businesses in Brazil have found in the gay community in Rio. It is nice to see that the trend present in the U.S. is also taking place in Brazil. Now, in your June issue, Adelaide B. Davis's "Os Alegres Rapazes da Banda" (The Boys in the Band) brought us another look at this very complex subject of homosexuality. This time it was in the form of an extraordinary piece of fiction.

What was so fascinating about her story was the simple and non-sensationalistic approach to the narrative. Furthermore, the human side of the story was outstanding. While reading her short story, I found myself identifying with the main character in many situations. The accuracy of this fictional piece was impressive and many times similar to the reality I lived when I was still in Brazil. Short stories like this, other literary articles (such as the one about Clarice Lispector), and your music columns make Brazzil a great source of information.

I am sorry, however, that I cannot say the same about your Rap idinhas. The contents in that section are despicable. I am Brazilian and realize that what you present in that column does appear in the Brazilian media, but it is not in a 'publication of the caliber that Brazzil can be. With the public you reach, you are doing Brazil a disfavor and perpetuating a bad stereotype. The tone of the articles and the photos associated with them are generally far from what the respectable press publishes in Brazil.

If you want to continue with your Rpidinhas the way they have been, you might as well get the financial benefit of also advertising those 900 numbers found in sex magazines. You will, however, continue to rose a lot of your readership.

Egidio Leila° egidio@maiLutexas.edu Austin, Texas

THOUGHT YOU WERE SERIOUS or your now es ge, razi is not t e only country on earth where we see scandals. The USA is full of them, with the President being a part of a big one. The language used in this 'publication shows only prejudice an lack of information. Too bad. 1thought at first that this was a serious journalistic publication. What a shame...

Paula F. Brasilia, DF, Brazil

INDECENCY ANTIDOTE ins attac es aver)/ goof an. positive article about Caetano VeIoso published by the Los Angeles Times. Now you don t have any excuses for presenting indecent and pornographic materials.

Evie Blount Huntington Beach, California

FOR BEAUTY'S SAKE

Thanks for your fine publication! I read every word in each issue. Please don't let the small-minded suppressors of free speech (like the Consul who won't distribute your magazine because she doesn't like the content) inhibit you from publishing interesting and provocative articles and photographs. The human body is not a shameful thing. It is a gift of God to be appreciated, admired and respected. An occasional sensual photograph in your publication adds a touch of beauty and fantasy to an otherwise serious publication. (A male nude would be nice too now and then!)

I wish to add a bit to May's article on homosexuality in Brazil. It was my friend and co-minister, Onaldo Alves Pereira, who performed the wedding of Luis Mott to his partner. Rev. Pereira is not Catholic, but was a minister in the Church of the Brethren (an historic peace church with about 150,000 members in the U.S.). Soon after performing the wedding, Rev. Pereira lost his credentials in the Church of the Brethren but he continues to pastor the Com un i dadePacifista Cri sta. in Brazil.

The Comunidade is a church which does not discriminate based on sexual orientation and which celebrates the commitment and love two adults'of any gender share with each other. Rev. Pereira and I cofounded the Comunidade in 1987 and it has, in spite of church burnings and threats of violence, continued to offer a voice of hope, peace and love to oppressed people throughout Brazil.

Rev. Pereira is a gentle but prophetic voice Who should be honored for his participation in the struggle to ensure equality for all Brazilians.

Steve Newcomer West Hollywood, CA

PLEASING A FRIEND aveenjoyes trazzz magazine or some time now. I have also attended a few of the nightclubs and cultural affairs that were advertised or listed in the magazine. I've shown several issues to a friend. He likes Brazzil so much, he gets excited when we talk about articles he has enjoyed, and things Brazil. He reads Brazzil from cover to cover. My wife and I would like for him to have a gift subscription. Enclosed is a money order Tor a two-year subscription.

P.S.: It would be great to read articles about samba schools, in particular, and in general. Perhaps, if enough info on the makeup of a samba school- was related in articles in Brazzil, it might spark those who know little about samba schools, like myself, to join a local group or start one in their

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community. Information is not only power, but most encouraging. Thank you and keel) looking up.

Bill Randolph Alhambra, California Please renew my subscription for the next couple of years. My copy has started to arrive almost midway through the month now. Can you mail it a little earlier please.

Not being Brazilian nor having been to Brazil, one of the things I appreciate about Brazzil is the variety of opinions, viewpoints, and the dialogue that seems to get generated around the various topics you cover and how you cover them. It must be a monumental task to try to decide what to present each month on a country as large and diverse as Brazil is.

Cheryl Harrison Seattle, Washington I just saw Brazzil f or the first time and I think it is very good! I am an ex-journalist (music critic), and current jazz musician and samba percussionist married to a Carioca sambista. I've read all of the Brazilian magazines, newspapers, etc., published on the East Coast, and yours is superior to all of them. Congratulations!

Amy Duncan New York, New York

CAN YOU HELP? I read Bruce Gilman's article on Carlinhos Brown (Brazzil, September 1996) and I simply loved it. Great writing.

I am music critic for the Spanish newspaper El Nuevo Herald in Miami. I have been trying to locate Mr. Brown for an interview and I was wondering if you have any way to reach him. Thank you for any help.

Eliseo Cardona Miami, Florida

FANS EXAGGERATE We adore Brazzil. For the quality of its articles, level of information and perfect writing. The Brazilian community feels honored to have Brazzil. Many thanks for giving us this pleasure.

Rosana and Scott Ennis North Bay Village, Florida

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Aliens land on the beaches of Brazil!

No, it's not the headline from a sequel to the movie Independence Day. According to several Brazilian authorities on the subject of extraterrestrial and UFOs, this is happening in Brazil and quite often. Ever since the first sighting of UFOs there in 1957, Brazilians have reported a record number of extraterrestrial-related activities. In 1996 alone there were more than 2.000 sightings, and there are at least 100 organizations dedicated to studying the phenomenon. Brazilian ufologists believe that Brazil is currently experiencing intensive UFO activity.

According to Claudeir Covo, president of the National Institute of Aerospace Phenomena Investigations (INFA), of all the cases of contact with extraterrestrials reported all over the world, 7.8% occurred in Brazil. Only the US, with 11.3%, has a larger number of reported contacts. Covo, an electronic engineer who has been doing ufolog,ical research for 31 years, has catalogued more than 3,000 cases of UFO sightings in the country. Most of them (84%) occurred at night, and of these, 89% occurred in rural areas. Covo says that in 63 instances extraterrestrial vehicles left marks on the floor where they landed, and he estimates that there were at least 130 cases of abduction of Brazilians by aliens. In addition, the number of reported sightings in Brazil have tripled since August of 1995. But this is nothing new. Brazilians have been seeing ETs for 40 years now.

In 1947 the term "flying saucer" was popularized worlwide. That year, thousands of individuals throughout the world claimed to have had either contact with or sightings of unidentified flying objects that could not have been described as either a common airplane or any other known aircraft. In addition to the many sightings, there was a wealth of material documented in various media, including film.

Some of these earlier sightings were by German and American pilots during World War II. The American Air Force believed that these were secret German weapons and the German Air Force believed that they were American weapons of war.

The term flying saucer was used for the first time to

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BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

describe a phenomenon occurred on June 24, 1947 during a rescue mission by American pilot Kenneth Arnold who was on search mission for a lost plane. Arnold was flying on the west coast of the United States when he came across a flying object shaped like a disc. This object was flying at high speeds and seemed to be equipped with several headlights. In an article describing the incident, journalist Bill Bequette used the term flying saucer; and the rest is history.

Sighting in Forte Itaipu, Rio de Janeiro On November 4, 1957, at 2 a.m., two guards stationed at Forte Itaipu witnessed an intensely bright light in the sky. At first, they thought that it might be starlight, for some unknown reason magnified, and they noticed that an object was descending at high speed directly above the fort.

Then the strange object hovered at about 1,000 feet overhead. The guards described the object as possessing the features of a traditional UFOâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;circular in shape and with a diameter of approximately 100 feet.

Neither of the guards fired shots at the object, although they were both equipped with machine guns.

They reported that they heard a loud noise from within the space ship, a sound similar to one that could be emitted by a generator. Then they felt an intense heat coming from the vessel. One of the guards fainted and the other began to scream. His screams alerted the other guards and as they came running they glimpsed the UFO just as it was leaving the area. Officials at Forte Itaipu contacted the Brazilian Army, which in turn contacted American UFO specialists.

Sex With Space Alien That same year, in the first report of sex between a human being and an alien, Antonio Villas Boas, a farm worker from Sao Francisco de Salles in Minas Gerais, said he was abducted, taken inside a UFO and forced to have sex with a she-alien on October 16. In December 1983, 62-year-old Gaucho (from Rio Grande do Sul) real estate agent Nelson Antonio Tasca told a similar story. According to Tasca, married for 27 years and with six children at the time, he was abducted when driving alone on a road in the state of Santa Catarina. He revealed spicy and intimate details about the forced copulation, stating: "The blue-eyed blonde alien had a prepubescent vagina, with no pubic hair, and the BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

encounter gave me the most intense sexual pleasure I ever had."

Sighting in Sao Vicente, Sao Paulo Some members of AUII3 (Associacao dos Uf6logos Independentes do Brasilâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Brazil's Association of Independent Ufologists) believe that a ray from an extraterrestrial flying object might have caused the destruction of a Tucano-model plane from Esquadrilha da Fumaca (Smoke Squadron), a team of daredevil pilots during an air show at Itarare beach irl So Vicente on November 16, 1996.

This incident is said to have caused one fatality and six injuries; and this hypothesis is substanti ted by the presence of an unidentified image in pictures taken during the air show by an amateur photographer.

The photographs can be round in reports published by researchers Jose Agobar Peixoto, a professor at the Federal University of Ceara, and Jorge Claudio N brega, a retired technician at Petrobras, a Brazilian state-owned oil conglomerate. Researchers claim that they enlarged the photographs by using digital technology and that one of the photographs reveals a cylindrical light projected directly onto the plane. A similar light has been noted in other UFO-related accidents.

Sighting in Rio Grande do Sul Businessman Haroldo Westendorff, the owner of a rice distribution company, claims to have come in contact with an extraterrestrial spacecraft. According to Westendorff, a pilot for 20 years who owns a single-engine plane, he was circling the sky over the Island of Saragonha in Rio Grande do Sul in October of 1996 at 10:15 AM when he was confronted by a huge, ship-like plane.

Westendorff is certain that what he saw was not a meteor. He describes it as an object the size of a soccer stadium (approximately 350 feet in diameter and 200 feet in height) with a circular base, yvhose body was made of a material that looked like aluminum.

He claims to have circled the ship three times, that the spaceship kept circling around in its own orbit and that in order to keep up with its speed he flew at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly, the spacecraft ejected a flying saucer that shot upwards at an incredible speed and he immediately reversed his position, keeping a 700-foot distance from the object.

While he was circling the ship, he tried calling his wife and daughter on a cellular phone but neither understood what the agitated Westendorff was trying to explain. And there others who claim they have seen the same object. Shortly thereafter, he contacted air traffic control at the Pelotas airport and the air traffic manager on duty also confirmed seeing a similar cone-shaped object in the sky in the east.

His description of the object is very similar to that of another object photographed on September 16, 1996 in Valley, Alabama, where after the sighting, three black helicopters were seen in the surrounding area. None of the helicopters had any identifying tags, which is typical of military planes, so that it could be denied that 23

secret tests and maneuvers were being conducted by the U.S. military.

In the Cosmic Secret, author William F. Hamilton III, director of the organization MUFON, an organization which is responsible for researching UFO activity in the United States, reports that a similar spaceship was seen in Belgium in 1989 and again in 1990.

These sightings were by pilots, aeronautical engineers and air traffic controllers.

From August through October 1996, there were 30 reported sightings in the region of Pelotas in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The only difference is that Westendorff s is the only one that happened during the day. Electrician Donato Santos and a friend were walking on the lake when they saw a light the size ofthe moon, with a similar intensity. The light seemed to be dancing in a circular fashion, and at a lower height than those traveled on planes.

Agents Maria Helena Fonseca and Katia Santos Goulart were relaxing at home on September 24, 1996 when they heard fireworks that seemed to be coming from the nearby Pelotas Sport Club. They decided to see the fireworks up close but they were confronted by an intense light in the sky, a light comprising four smaller circular lights. Fonseca and Goulart claim that they briefly saw a UFO. Other residents of several rural cities in the state of Sao Paulo also claim to have seen objects radiating colorful lights flying above the cities of Americana, Nova Odessa, Piracicaba, Sumare and Santa Barbara d'Oeste.

Sighting in Santa Barbara d'Oeste T e day following the sightings by Franco and inuza, police from Santa Barbara d'Oeste wereOnformed about an unknown light directly ahoy+ the neighborhood of Rochele. When officer l Mario Henrique Pultrini and two other colleitgues arrived in the area, they did not see anything, but acting on a tip that they received from 'p resident in Rochele, they drove towards the tqwn of Capivari to chec it out. Before they got there, they heard over their police radio a call tom an ambulance announcing that an unknown object had been seen. Eventually Pultrini and the other policemen also saw the object with red and blue lights.

Sighting in Ceara and Rio Grande do Norte states

On October 14, 1996 at 11:30 p.m., a mysterious object startled employees at the Petrobras oil refinery, a state owned company in Rio Grande do Norte.

Sighting in Parque das Nacaes, Sao Paulo Lindomar Castilho da Conceicao, a security guard In March 1997, police officers Moacir Pereira who was on duty that night, dos Santos and Anerilton Neves were patrolling was patrolling the grounds the neighborhood of Parque das Nacoes in the of the refinery, at the ..tlo Cc. greater S5o Paulo when according to them, a Fazenda Belem ranch. de B.mbiliwik ooptwatt flying object traveled towards them and then stood Shortly afterwards, the w.141, 417tvirc 4 a imegoita s§ still for a few minutes at about 700 feet above a guard and co-worker Jose iRformottics house. When they turned on the headlights of their Valdecio Baptista reached idedes patrol jeep, the object traveled in the direction of Irma the Mossorn installations. (iiatiroselk the city of Sumare. They also drove in- the same Upon arriving at Mossorn, tustotfis direction and saw the object again. The officers Conceicao and Baptista obtold reporters that the UFO was slightly larger served an intense light that LINDA UFOLOGICA PAREDENTES than a helicopter. seemed to illuminate most ATINGE 0 BRASIL DE NORTE A SUL of the area.

Sighting in Americana, in the Artist's rendering of Varginha's alien According to Conceiinterior of Sao Paulo cao, at first the object descended rapidly and they In the dawn hours of March 31 1997, in the neighborhood of thou t that it might be a plane because it had Liberdade in Americana, sergeant iris Alves de Souza and soldier brigh lights. The headlights emitted bright lights Wilton Franco saw an object in the sky that emitted .oratige, blue, with bluish tint and the rear lights were red. red and yellow rays. Franco characterized watching the object as This ghting was never reported to the Petrobras having a similar feeling to that of staring at the sun. The sergeant mana ement; it was transmitted via E-mail to instructed Franco to get a video camera to document the event. other employees.

Franco complied and in the process left sergeant Alves de Souza alone.

Varginha, Minas Gerais, sightings The object then moved closer to Souza (500 feet above him) and illuminated the area around him with a single white light that was The January 1996 Varginha sightings by a shaped like a cone. Almost simultaneously, an airplane flew into seriestofwitnesses—reportedly there was physithe same area as the presumed saucer. The approach of the airplane, cal e*j.dence at the location—are the most imaccording to the soldier, alarmed the saucer, causing it to retreat, portant sightings ever to have occurred in Braturn off its lights, and fly away. zil. This incident made the cover of isto E, a All of this happened very quickly. The UFO was capable of respe4ted national newsweekly magazine, and flying at an incredible speed, according to Souza. When Franco was ahso reported on page one of a skeptical returned with the video camera, the object had already vanished, so Wall Street Journal as well as in other publicahe was not able to document what had happened. And throughout tions around the world. the week following the sighting, both Franco and Souza attested to It twas 3:30 p.m. on a sunny Saturday on suffering from physical ailments such as irritated eyes and headJanu4y 20, 1996, when Liliane Fatima Silva, aches.

16; Vialquiria, her 14-year-old sister; and 22i4:11,mtkiiva

get, Au

24

I iS6

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

year-old Katia Andrade Xavier, a friend, saw what they called a strange, foul-smelling creature in an empty lot in the neighborhood of Jardim Andere, a mile from downtown Varginha.

"The creature was squatting with its long arms between its legs," recalled Liliane in an interview with Isto E. "The first thing I noticed were the eyes, huge and red."

"It wasn't either an animal or.a person," said Katia. "He seemed dizzy and didn't make any noise."

Brasilia-based UFO Magazine in its July 1996 issue provided more details about the odd creature: It was not taller than five feet; it had a big head, no neck and no hair. According to the girls, the mouth was very small and it had three protuberances on the skull that girls called horns.

When Luiza Helena Silva, Liliane's mother, went back to the spot a little over a half an hour later, the creature had disappeared.

At the same time news about the sighting reached the streets of the 120,000-residents city, another story broke. Eurico Rodrigues and Oralina Augusta, a farm worker couple living some six miles from where the mal-odorous creature was spotted by the three girls, also experienced a sighting. They said they were awakened in the wee hours of January 20, 1996, by the noise of farm animals that were running scared from one side to the other of the fenced pasture.

"We looked and saw a gray object with a submarine shape and the size of a mini-van flying over the pasture not more than 20 feet high," they told reporters. "It released a white smoke, but it didn't have any lights or make any noise."

It didn't take too long before people and the press put both reports together and concluded that Varginha had been visited by an alien spacecraft that crashed in the city. It was reported that the police, assisted by the Army, found the spaceship and its crew and whisked them out of the area, perhaps even to the United States. A story later told by the children's mother about two Well-dressed men who offered her "big money" to say that her daughters had invented the whole story contributed to making the case even more intriguing.

Soon there was an overabundance of sightings—more than 100 in a few months— and ufologists from all over converged on the place, among them bearded, Vitorio Pacaccini, 32, from the CBPDV (Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa de Disco Voadores—Brazilian Center for the Research of Flying Saucers). Pacaccini, after weeks of piecing together fragmented reports, concluded also that there was a cover-up by the military. According to him, the identity of some of the witnesses he talked to—civilian and military—could not be revealed because they feared retaliation from their superiors or the authorites.

Paccacini believes that as many as six passengers were in the spaceship and all of them were chased and killed by military death squads, BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

which then probed the c pses before shipping them elsewhere with the spacecraft. UFO Ma azine claims that the Brazilian authorities had been alerted by NO D (North American Air Defense Command) on the night of J nuary 19 of the impending landing of the spacecraft.

Art Imitates Life Extraterrestrials are ow part of Brazilian pop culture. The soap opera 0 Amor Esta no A (Love Is in the Air) has as its main theme the story of adolescent uiza who talks to extra terrestrials. She likes to shop, date, has a difficult relationship with her mother and she communicates with eings from other planets. In a story written

by Alcides Nogueira, osco Brasil and Felipe Miguez, Luiza is abducted and goes on a I ng trip in a spaceship. The soap opera was modeled after the Amer can television series The X-Files.

The Encounter The First World UF Forum to be held in Brasilia from December 7 to 14, 1997, is b ing touted as the world's biggest UFO conference ever. More t an 50 internationally renowned researchers on the subject have a eady been invited. At the event, Brazilian UFO experts are expect d to present an updated in-depth report on the Varginha sighting.

Meeting organizers e all respected UFO researchers in Brazil •and include Ubirajara R drigues and A. J. Gevaerd of the Brazilian Center for Flying Sauce Research (CBPDV), the largest and most important UFO organiza ion in the country. Also on the organizing committee are Rafael C ry, of the UFO Research Nucleus (NPU); Claudeir Covo, of the N tional Institute of Aerospace Phenomena Investigations (INFA); arco Antonio Petit, of the Fluminense •UFO Research Associati n (AFEU); and Reginaldo de Athayde, of the Ufological Research Center (CPU).

Among foreign UF experts expected to participate in the Forum are Walter And s, Bob Brown, John Carpenter, Jerome Clark, Mark Carlotto, Ro ert Dean, Richard Hoagland, Bud Hopkins, Linda Howe, James Hurt k, Jesse Marcel Junior, John Mack, Edgar Mitchel, Leonard Nimo ,G. C. Schellhorn, Derrel Sims, Yvonne Smith, Leo Sprinkle, We delle Stevens, and Donald Ware from the United States; Roberto anchs and Antonio las Heras from Argentina; Glennys Mackay rom Australia; Stanton Friedman from Canada; Mario Dussuel nd Rodrigo Fuenzalida from Chile; SunShi Li from China; Per ndersen from Denmark; Jaime Rodriguez from Ecuador; Colin A drews, Robert Bauval, Graham Birdsall, and Tony Dodd from E gland; Timo Koskeniemmi from Finland; Yves Bosson from Fra ce; Michael Hesernann from Germany; Gabor Tarcali from Hun ary; Darush Bagheri from Iran.

An also Barry Chami h from Israel; Mauricio Baiata and Roberto Pinotti from Italy; Johse Takano from Japan; Jaime Maussan from Mexico; Jorge Alfonso Ramirez from Paraguay; Javier Cabrera Darquea from Peru; yszard Fiejtek from Poland; Joaquim Fernandes from Portug I; Jorge Martin from Puerto Rico; Yuri Guerassimov from Russi ; Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos and Javier Sierra from Spain; S. 0. vensson from Sweden; and Cynthia Hind from Zimbabwe.

Those interested in p rticipating in the conference can write to the international coordi ator for the First World UFO Forum, A. J. Gevaerd, C/o Brazilian UFO Magazine, P. 0. Box 2182, CEP 79008-970 - Campo Or nde Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Call 5567-724-6700 or E-mail: gevaerd@alanet.com.br For more informatio on UFO sightings in Brazil, contact the AUIB (Associacao dos fologos Independentes do Brasil), Rua Sao Mateus, 1761 - Ae oporto Sao Vicente, Sao Paulo, SP CEP 60410-640 Several sites on the Internet that deal with the subject and most of them have I nks to other UFO sites.

• 25

Gustavo Kuerten, who every Brazilian is calling Guga these days, is tennis' latest upstart and Brazil's newest sports hero. He won the French 0_pen title with a stunning straight-set victory over Spaniard Sergi Bruguera. With this achievement, Kuerten became the highest ranked Brazilian male ever to play the game.

PETER CASTLES

On Sunday, June 8, virtually unknown Gustavo Kuerten—a 20-year-old Brazilian—stepped onto the hallowed clay surface of Roland Garros in Paris to battle veteran Sergi Bruguera for the French Open crown. Just one hour and fifty minutes later, Kuerten left the court triumphant, claiming his place in tennis history as the lowest-ranked Open champion and the first Brazilian man ever to win a Grand Slam event.

En route to the title, Kuerten—who had never advanced past a quarterfinal in any international tour event—defeated the last three French Open champions and won fans with his colorful personality and aggressive style of play.

He took home a first-prize check of $695,448 and vaulted from No. 66 to No. 12 in the rankings, the first Brazilian to crack the Top 20 in the Open era.

Kuerten's dramatic emergence from relative obscurity, and the incredible odds he beat along the way (see side box), make one of the most compelling stories in sports this year. His 6-3, 6-4, 6-2 demolishing of Bruguera, a clay court specialist and two-time champion at Roland Garros, was the icing on the cake in a remarkable run during which the young Brazilian also victimized 1996 champ Thomas Muster (ranked No. 4 in the world) and 1995 titlist Yevgeny Kafelnikov (No. 6).

Kuerten was so overlooked at the Open that event organizers initially didn't bother to confront him about his unorthodox attire, which featured the bright blue and yellow of his country's flag—all the way down to the shoes and socks. When it later became clear that this glaring anomaly of a tennis player was not going to fall by the wayside as expected, officials pleaded with Kuerten's clothing sponsor to have him tone down his act. In a token gesture of compliance, the proud Brazilian doffed a white scarf on his head.

The international press dubbed him the "clay surfer," referring to his laidback style and grace on the difficult playing surface of Roland Garros.

Indeed, "Guga," as he goes by, appears a strange vision on the court. At 6'3" (1.91 meters) and with a scrawny, slight frame that is still developing, he is all arms and legs. He only seems to acquire harmony when in motion. With his long hair, unkempt beard, and brilliant apparel, he's likely to be mistaken for a dazed soccer player who wandered into the wrong stadium—a sharp contrast to the clean-cut norms and impeccable garb of professional tennis.

Despite his odd look, Guga's solid baseline game and bold shotmaking earned him praise from the experts during the tournament. American tennis great-turned-commentator John McEnroe said he believes Guga has the talent and personality to stay on top. Another former U.S. player joining McEnroe in the broadcast booth, Jimmy Arias, declared it had been some time since he saw a new player with such a consistent game.

The Foundations The first time Guga went to Roland Garros, in 1992, he was just a wideeyed, adolescent spectator. He didn't have tickets, but with his trainer's help he snuck into the stadium at dawn, hid under the bleachers until the paying public arrived, and then watched his idols fight it out on the legendary clay.

Five years later, Guga stayed in the same hotel and frequented the same establishments that he did on that first visit. While big-name players sought the luxury of Paris' finer accommodations and restaurants, he was content with a $70 room, his favorite pizza place, and a few games of pinball in the 26

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

arcade.

Guga's refreshingly down-to-earth nature doesn't surprise those who know him. When he competes in the U.S., for example, he doesn't stay in the hotels that organizers book for him; rather, he prefers to stay with "Aunt Vickie," a British woman who put him up the first time he played there in a juvenile tourney.

A native of Florianopolis, a seaside town in the southern Brazilian state of Santa Catarina, Guga is the second of three sons in a middle class family descended from German immigrants. He always had what he calls a good life, though not without hardship. His father died 11 years ago from a heart attack while officiating a tennis match, and his younger brother is afflicted with brain paralysis.

Guga dedicated his victory at Roland Garros to his father. "When I lost him, I wasn't even nine years old," he said. "I didn't expect that I was going to be nearly 20 mill ion< Ameri i a tennis player. I really miss to u fbli°w. in the top him a lot." man ranked His mother is a social at the 24th spot in the l worker and his older Just 'three weeks b ore u brother a tennis instructor You were playing -n small-tin and computer science Brazil. Now, OS Ole1 cOrripeti graduate who takes care of dozens of 8°-9°Yints players Guga's business affairs, as French Open each year [th°FjF13,, well as his internet home tourn' e'nts 31 - tennis collectiv thers are Wimble page [http://207.217.52.25/ gugakuerten].

Guga started playing tennis seriously as a 13year-old and had already played the international circuit by the time he finished high school. Like most Brazilian boys, the sea, surfing, and soccer had been early passions. But one of his first tennis coaches told him he must make a choice between the dilapidated fields of second-division soccer in Brazil or the distinguished courts of international tennis.

Despite invitations from U.S. universities and German clubs, Guga preferred to stay close to home. He started his pro career in 1994, and like most lowerranked players, he had to play in minor tournaments without big prize money to accumulate points to improve his ranking. By the time he reached Roland Garros, Guga had developed the ability to focus on small, immediate goals—a skill that served him well during his championship run in Paris.

The Finals Bruguera had been here before, winning the French back-to-back in 1993 and 1994, but on this day he seemed powerless. Guga dictated the flow, moving his adversary BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

from side-to-sid , keeping him off the net, and stepping in to knock off winners.

Using a devastating forehand and a lot of heart, Guga played with a surprising ease and confidence that made Bruguera seem the less-experienced player. His pinpoint groundstrokes often hit the lines, and he allowed only four points on his se4ve through the third game of the second set. The feisty razilian simply refused to give Bruguera a chance to get nto the match.

In the first s t, Guga used a nice drop volley—one of many that kept his slower opponent scrambling—to break Bruguera's serv at 3-2, which was all he would need to win the set. Dur ng a memorable long rally in the second game of the second set, the gangly Brazilian showed impressive mobility, covering all angles of the court from baseline to net, and then celebrated the point with characteristic flair.

After trading breaks, both players failed to take advantage of several more chances over the next few games. It was Guga who broke the drought in the •a in Paris for final game, this time with a lite tournairt forehand blast just out of riderway, yo -compete at Bruguera's desperate one of the four reach. known as the With a two-set lead, and the Guga let up a bit early in the third set, fighting to save two break points on his serve. Both players held serve until the sixth game, when Guga took advantage of Bruguera's only double fault to set up a couple nicely placed drop shots that secured his winning break. Two games later the match was over when Guga broke Bruguera for the sixth time on the day, completing a remarkably efficient dismantling of one of the strongest clay-court players of this generation.

The match time of 1 hour and 50 minutes was the fastest final at Roland Garros since 1980, when Mats Wilander beat Vitas Gerulaitis in 1:46.

A look at some numbers confirms the lopsidedness of the match. Guga had twice as man opportunities to break serve as Bruguera (18-9), and he on 82 percent of his first service points, as compared to a dismal 58 percent for Bruguera. Without a doubt, the Br zilian's powerful serve (at 206 km/h, Guga's serve is anked among the top 20) was a crucial factor in the match, but perhaps just as significant were Bruguera's 40 unforced errors.

"I knew I needed to impose my game," said Guga. "If 27

I followed his pace of high balls, I would be lost. I varied ready perfect before the tournament. I have a good house the serve and always tried to attack, making him run from and my mother's car [laughs], so for now I don't think side to side." about buying anything special."

"I want to give all the credit to Kuerten. I think he Since winning at Roland Garros, Guga has struggled played an outstanding match," said Bruguera. "What with his singles play, making an early exit from Wimbledon surprised me the most was his ability to maintain the same after losing in the first round to American Justin Gimelstob. level during the entire match. I expected to take advantage But with little experience on fast-playing grass courts, his of his lows, but he didn't give me a chance." expectation at Wimbledon was merely to learn and gain Despite his lead during the match, Guga never allowed experience. himself to think he was going to win. "I only felt that I Regardless of his performance in future tournaments, would win at 5-2 [in the third set]; before that I couldn't Guga gives a much-needed infusion of color to a sport believe it." dogged by the lack of charisma of its big champs. Perhaps At times, he seemed oblivious to the significance of more important, he brings recognition, respect, and promthe occasion, grinning at the Brazilian fans' chants of ise to a new generation in Brazilian tennis.

"Gu-Ga! Gu-Ga!" (the chair umpire had to quiet the noisy partisans on more than one occasion).

Peter Castles is an American "I never thought, 'Wow, this is the final of Roland living in Rio de Janeiro.

Garros, I've got to win!" he said, "I just played like it was He can be reached by E-mail at practice. I was pretty relaxed." leilacosta@ax.ibase.org.br After the match, Guga paid homage to two tennis icons who were on hand to present the awards, bowing in reverence to six-time French Open champion Bjorn Borg and embracing Guillermo Vilas, winner in 1977. "It was a great emotion for me to receive the troAIR - IATA 01-1-9279-012 phy from these idols," said Guga.

"It was a new thing for me to meet OCEAN - FMC 3853 famous people and I liked it."

Asked how he felt about the Brazilian fans, who sang and played a samba in celebration of his victory, Guga replied, "NorTO ANY AIRPORT IN BRAZIL mally, the party's for soccer, so it's cool to see this for tennis."

One event organizer said it was undoubtedly the most exciting victory celebration in the history of FULL CONTAINER OR LESS Roland Garros. Guga joined the TO ANY PORT IN BRAZIL revelry with a little champagne, (EXCELLENT CONTAINER RATES) but not without some trouble opening the bottle. "I never won a title," he said. "That's why I don't know how to open champagne!"

The Future Before Guga could savor the SHIPPER'S DOOR PICK-UP "" AIR/OCEAN FREIGHT mink moment of his triumph, someone asked, "What changes now?" Guga CUSTOMS CLEARANCE (INCL. ALL DUTIES) NNâ&#x20AC;˘I replied, "It changes a little; I'll try DOOR DELIVERY TO BUYER IN BRAZIL to win as much as I can, but if I don't win the championship [every time], I won't be disappointed.

I'll do exactly what I did here, thinking only about the game at 12533 CRtr4SHAW bLVDs-- HAwTHORNE, CA 90250 hand, not about who I'll face next."

Guga speaks in unequivocal terms about his next goal: "Now I want to be among the top 10 and stay there as long as possible."

When asked what he was going to do with his newfound riches, Guga revealed a humble and contented manner. "There's nothing I want or need right now," he said.

"My life is perfect and was al-

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Republic Social crisis? What Crisis? The press is the one that-creates the crisis. By alarming the population it does a disservice-to the nation. You are responsible forthe crisis. The country is in order,;the real value of salaries will be maintained, and so will the institutions. As for the people, they:are totally in favor of the gclVerment.

JULIO CESARMONTEIRO MARTINS

FE DE GABINETE enhor Ministro, a sua sogra, a Dona Neuza, este querendo falar corn o senhor MINISTRO °toque ela na linha.

• •

CREPE DE GABINETE la este na sala de es vera, Ministro 14INISTRO 0 manda ela en rar. Ta esperarido o

Cl-JEFF DE GAB NET 0 senhor Nakamura, vice-presidente da Subaru, tern Anna audiencia marcada corn senhor pare as quinze oras MINISTRO iz,pro japon ha entrar.

HEFE DE GABI ET im,senhor Min's NA NEUZA desculpe que eu prec to urgente.

INISTRO iga M, sogr h ONA NEUZA Hoje de manha eu es ive no entro Esp frita eta Irma Cordeiro, em Taguatinga. Eu estava corn uma intuicao forte, e resolvi me consultar. A Joselina, a chafe do terreiro, receeu para mim o espfrito de um hindu.

Mb!que era inn daqueles gurus, urn velho muio cabin.

DONA NEUZA hindu mandou urna gem espeia. para vote. ,Ete ate citou o seu name. Ele mandou dizer o seguinte, preste atentao: "Corte o que river que s c rtad i,. as ante afie bem lamina'.

MINISTRO Sei, muse dai9 comisso9 DONA NEUZA Ora, Tonko. Esta na cara, n o INISTRO äo estou pegan DONA NEUZA o deficit, Toni cortar rnesmo.

MINISTRO 0 que? 0 deficit DONA NEUZA Tonico, nAo compliq coisas. Voc sabe muito bem do que eu estou falando.

30

MINISTRO Sogrinha, deficit pu •lic e salad° sAo coisas diferentes. Tern que saber direitinho o :1V.k BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

que 6 que ele quer que eu corte.

DONA NEUZA Os dois. E pra cortar os dois...

MINISTRO Tern certeza? No é melhor a senhora marcar uma nova consulta e perguntar direitinho o que é que ele quer que eu corte?

DONA NEUZA Os dois, meu filho. Eu garanto... Voce quer que eu marque para a Joselina vir aqui amanha?

MINI STRO Ndo. Aqui ndo. A senhora volta la e conversa mais corn ele. Diga que esta muito hermetico esse negocio. Peca pra ele ser mais claro. Faca o seguinte: pergunte a ele sobre a politica fiscal do Governo. Vamos ver o que ele tern pra dizer.

DONA NEUZA Politica fiscal?

MINISTRO E, diga so:5 isso. Pergunte a ele assim: "Como deve ser executada a politica fiscal do Governo?" Vamos ver se ele é craque mesmo ou se é fajuto.

DONA NEUZA Pode deixar... Tonico, voce se lembra da Zeze?

MINISTRO Qual Zezd? A Zeze la do sitio?

DONA NEUZA Ndo. A Zeze, filha de criacdo da tia Dolores. Uma lourinha, magrinha, lembra?

MINISTRO Sei, que o tio Chico chamava de "lagartixa"...

DONA NEUZA Essa mesma. Pois 6, a Zezd se casou corn urn rapaz muito born, urn economista, que fez mestrado la. nos Estados Unidos.

Ele agora esta morando aqui em Brasilia, e passando grandes dificuldades, pobrezinho.

NAo ddo valor ao rapaz, sabe? Voce no arranjava uma coisinha melhor pra ele no?

Veja bem, meu filho, se voce ndo puder, pra mim é a mesma coisa...

MINISTRO Manda o rapaz aqui.

DONA NEUZA 0 nome dele é Fulvio. Familia italiana...

MINISTRO Tudo bem. Eu jogo ele la pro Banco Central.

DONA NEUZA Gracas a Deus! Deus é muito born, meu filho... Jesus seja louvado!

MINISTRO Que assim seja.

DONA NEUZA Born, meu querido, agora eu you deixar voce trabalhar em paz. Deus vai ajudar voce a brilhar no Ministerio. eu you todo BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

dia la na Irma Cordeiro pedir urna ajudazinha pros espiritos, ndo 6? Eu tambem quero dar uma mdozinha...

MINISTRO Ta born, sogrinha. Torcida boa é isso al. Entdo, amanhd, ndo esquece, politica fiscal do Governo!

DONA NEUZA Pode deixar, que eu you anotar num papelzinho... E voce já sabe, n6 Tonio.

Afia a faca e corta. Corta mesmo. No Uma beijoca aqui pra tenha pena, sogra coruja do grande Ministro la Fazenda... Ah, hoje vai ter festanca na c sa da Zeze. Deus é muito born!

Na Convencio MINISTRO E preciso que os senhores perceb m que os banqueiros internacionais mudar m radicalmente a suapostura diante do Bralil.

Eles já estAo conscientes de que o Bra il jamais poderd pagar os juros da divi a externa, e já se conformaram. t uiia situacdo completamente diferente de s is meses atras. Eles hoje apostam no no so desenvolvimento, e as exigencias qud o Brasil terd que aceitar a curto prazo, e ue incluem a monitoracdo da nossa econonjiia interna pelos bancos credores, o acha amento dos salarios e o aumento os impostos, virdo a beneficiar o pals a longo prazo...

CONVENCIONAL 1 Ministro, Vossa Excelencia é urn imbecil...

CONVENCIONAL 2 Vossa Excelencia estd transformando opals em sucata e gerenciando a escrayiddo do nosso povo. Vossa Excelencia d iirn traidor.

SECRETARIO DO PARTIDO 0 que e isto, senhores? Vamos respei ar o senhor Ministro... Vamos seguir o no re exemplo de Cicero, que dizia: "Eu do concordo corn uma s6 palavra do que diz s, mas daria a minha vida para que tenha direito de dize-las".

CONVENCIONAL 3 Vossa Excelencia deviatomar vergoriha e dar urn tiro na cabeca...

MINISTRO Os senhores estdo sendo passionais, deixando-se levar pela emocdo num assu to que é meramente tecnico, e que vem se do administrado corn a major competenciap la excelente equipe de economistas que ne assessora no...

CONVENCIONAL 1 Cala a boca, burro!

SECRETARIO DO PARTIDO Corn tumulto nes ndo vamos chegar a lugar nenhum.

MINISTRO Isto ndo e didlogo, 6 uma provocacdo.

CONVENCIONAL 3 Provocacdo o que, seu safado, irresponsdvel...

eu

CONVENCIONAL 1 Vossa Excelencia, das duas uma: ou é muito ingenuo, ou esta levando dinheiro para defender essas iddias inteiramente idiotas.

CONVENCIONAL 2 esse o homem que é o Ministro do nosso partido? Esse individuo ndo tern condicaes nem para ser trocador de onibus.

Ele vai nos levar a falencia. 0 pais todo.

Ele vai nos conduzir a miseria total.

Seremos daqui a pouco uma nacdo de escravos, de prostitutas e de ladroes. Esse homem devia ser preso...

SECRETARIO DO PARTIDO Os senhores ndo estdo deixando o Ministro expor as suas ideias. Ndo vamos nos esquecer de que ele foi indicado por nos ao Presidente da Republica, apOs ter sido escolhido numa convencdo democratica. Agora nos temos que prestigid-lo Ele 6 sem clUvida urn dos nossos mais brilhantes correligiondrios... Lembremos, senhores: E pluribus unum.

CONVENCIONAL 1 Ele devia ser ministro dos nossos inimigos.

SECRETARIO DO PARTIDO 0 Brasil ndo costuma fazer inimigos, nobre colega.

CONVENCIONAL 2 Depois desse comentdrio, eu tido sei quem e mais idiota, se o senhor Ministro ou o senhor Secretdrio-Geral do Partido...

CON VENCIONAL 3 E isso mesmo! Vossa Excelencia estd entregando o pals aos interesses dos estrangeiros e nos transformando numa colonia de mendigos. Vossa Excelencia quer adotar uma politica suicida e nos levar junto para o abismo. Nos nao o indicamos para que o senhor nos liquidasse... Nossa proposta era outra.

MINISTRO Os senhores me indicaram porque ndo tinham outra escolha. Se ndo sou eu, quern poderia ser? 0 senhor? Alias, eu ndo temo o abismo porque estou certo de que o Brasil 6 major que o abismo...

CONVENCIONAL 1 Pois Vossa Excelencia estd desautorizado pelo Partido. Nos exigimos a vossa renuncia imediata.

SECRETARIO DO PARTIDO Calma! Calma, senhores! Ndo se pode decidir as coisas desta maneira.

MINI STRO Eu me pergunto: Sera que os senhores estdo dispostos a abrir mdo dos cargos que o Partido detem hoje no Ministerio? Os senhores vdo renunciar aos privilegios do Executivo? Quem os senhores vdo colocar no meu lugar? Vao entregar o Ministerio de mdo beijada aos outros partidos da Alianca? Se assim for, eu lavo as minhas CONVENCIONAL 1 Mas Ministro, a sua politica 6 total31

mente c9ntrdria ao programa do nosso Partido. E o avesso do que n6s pensamos...

MINISTRO Sim, reconheco que hd algumas discrepancias... Mas, senhores, vamos raciocinar: o nosso Partido, que hoje é o Governo, ndo pode praticar o programa que ele pregava quando era oposiedo. Sdo duas coisas totalmente diferentes...

CONVENCIONAL 1 Isso é a coisa mais cinica, mais imoral e mais descarada que eu já ouvi na minha_ vida. Eu tenho nom de Vossa Excelencia.

Nos queremos Vossa Excelencia fora do Ministerio. E ja!

SECRETARIO DO PARTIDO Os animos aqui estdo exaltados. Eu gostaria de propor um intervalo nos nossos trabalhos, para tomar um cafezinho e colocar a cabeca no lugar. Precisamos ter born-senso. Homo homini lupus.

CONVENCIONAL 3 Antes do intervalo, este Ministro calhorda precisa renunciar ao cargo diante da Convened°.

MINISTRO Devo informa-los que muito me orgtilho de contar corn a total confianca do senhor Presidente da Republica, que acredita nas diretrizes que estamos imprimindo politica economica do pals. Eu no poderia renunciar mesmo que quisesse;pois como os senhores sabem, o meu cargo no pertence a mim, e nem mesmo ao Partido, mas ao Presidente da Republica. CONVENCIONAL 3 • Esse Presidente, tá na cara que é urn debil mental!

SECRETARIO DO PARTIDO Senhores, assim tido é poSsivel! Assim ndo vamos chegar a lugar nenhum. NA° podemos cair na mixordia inconseqilente ou no reles desacato. Precisamos respeitar os poderes constituidos...

CONVENCIONAL 3 Nos queremos que os senhores morram afogados.

CONVENCIONAL 2 E que os corpos de Vossas Excelencias tido voltem mais a tona para tido assombrar o pals.

CONVENCIONAL 3 Va pro inferno, senhor Ministro! E leve toda a sua equipe!

MINISTRO Bern, eu gostaria de agradecer as palavras gentis dos senhores convencionais, e dizer que eu espero contar corn o vosso apoio para que possamos sair logo desta crise perversa em que 0 Brasil estd mergulhado. N6s acreditamos em Deus, e Deus é brasileiro e esta torcendo por nos.

Muito obrigado.

No sagudo da Convencao REPORTER 1 Ministro, por favor. Como é que o senhor encara as criticas do seu Partido a politica economica do Governo?

MINISTRO Que criticas?

REPORTER 1 0 Partido parece que ndo esti de acordo corn as diretrizes tomadas junto aos credores extenios do Brasil...

MINISTRO Quem disse isto?

presta um desservico a nacdo. Voces sA9 os responsiveis pela crise. 0 pais esti em ordem, o valor real dos salarios sera mantido, e as instituicOes e o povo estdo apoiando o Governo integralmente.

REPORTER I Mas entdo como o senhor explica que toda vez que aparece urn carro oficial, o povo vaia, apedreja e incendeia?

REPORTER 1 MINISTRO Tod9 mundo sabe, Ministro.

Ndo disse que era provocacdo? 0 que J. existe é a agdo de baderneiros e de grupos MINISTRO subversivos, malfeitores organizados pelos NA° é bem assim. Eu sou um Ministro extrernistas que s6 querem desestabilizar a do Partido, e é claro que o Partido me ordem e desgracar o nosso povo. Sao os ap6irt. 0 que ocorre é que a funedo dos inimigos da Democracia. Mas eles todos convencionais e apresentar sugestOes de• serdo punidos exemplarmente. natureza politica que venham a contribuir para as nossas negociacoes.

•REPORTER 2 -E a fome, Ministro? E a recessao? E o REPORTER 1 desemprego?

Mas alguns convencionais pediram a sua renfincia imediata.

MINISTRO Voces estdo sendo falaciosos. A fantaMINISTRO sia cria a realidade. Acreditem na fome, e Sem comentarios.

- ela vitt. Acreditem na prosperidade, e ela vitt. Eu, como sou otimista, ou melhor, REPORTER I realista, acredito na prosperidade do nosso 0 senhor pensa em renunciar, Ministro? povo. Somos a oitava economia do mundo.

0 Brasil tern riquezas infinitas. Como se MINISTRO pode acreditar em fome e desemprego neste E sempre assim. Voces jornalistas tern pals? SO urn irresponsdvel pensaria urna uns truques engracados. Já reparei que coisa dessas. 0 Brasil é maior que o voces sempre poem uma reporter bonitinha, pessimismo de alguns e lido se deixa como esta moca aqui, para faier as convencer pelas lamurias das cassandras provocacaes. Eu ndo caio nessa. Voces da oposicAo. Nos estamos no caminho certo. precisam ser mais responsaveis.

Vamos ehegar Id. Ha urn pote de ouro do outro lado do arco- iris. Muito obrigado, REPORTER 2 senhores. Corn licenca.

Sem ,provocacdo, Ministro. Nos precisamos fazer o nosso trabalho... Muita gente No gabinete do Presidente esta achando que a sua politica é suicida, e que pode levar o pals a miseria absoluta. 0 MINISTRO que o senhor tern a dizer sobre isto?

Born dia, Presidente.

MINISTRO Quem esta achando isso? E preciso eitar os nomes. Vamos agir corn responSabilidade, ndo e? Quem afirmou uma sandice dessas?

REPORTER 2 Os convencionais do seu prOprio partido, Ministro MINISTRO Os senhores ouviram o gab o cantar e no sabem aonde. A politica do Ministerio é a politica que é ditada pelo Presidente da Repfiblica. Eu sou urn Ministro do Presidente.

REPORTER 1 Mas o senhor aeabou de dizer que era Ministro do Partidci...

MINISTRO Eu sou Ministro do Partido e do Presidente. Satisfeita agora?

REPORTER 2 Ministro, no ha comida nos supermercados, e quando aparece é por um preco que o povo tido pode comprar. 0 senhor acha que isso pode agravar a crise social?

MINISTRO Crise social? Que crise? Quem cria a crise é a imprensa, que ao alarmar o povo

PRESIDENTE Born dia, Tonico. Senta al. Como esta. a Dona Terezinha?

MINISTRO Vai muito bem, obrigado, Presidente.

E a sua esposa, jã esta recuperada?

PRESIDENTE Aquilo foi so urn susto... Foi uma gripe forte, que apresenta alguns sintomas de pneumonia. Esta pegando em todo mundo, essa gripe. Dizem ate que já batizaram a danada com o meu nome...

• MINISTRO E, eu ouvi contar... E a popularidade, Presidente...

PRESIDENTE Que nada, isso gozacAo. 0 pessoal 6 muito gozador...

Mas fora de brincadeira, essa gripe lido é facil. Ld em casa pegou em todo mun-

32 BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

do. Ate a minha netinha, que alias 6 coleguinha de sua filha, da caculinha, na escola, ficou arriada. E o pior é que a menina nao sossega. E urn azougue! Nao flea de cama de jeito nenhum.

Agora entao corn esse disco da Xuxa, que ela ganhou da rhinha sobrinha, é urn tal de dancar rock o dia inteiro. Tern uma mnsica la que diz que a "She-Ha namorava o Esqueleto no quintal", .que a menina fica louca. Tern que parar todo mundo para ver ela dangar. Ja falei que qualquer hora a gente monta uma discoteca IA no Palacio. E s6 o

meu compadre, e voce me conhece mu to bem... Eu sou um idealista. E tenho muita fe em Deus.

MINISTRO Eta 6 uma •gracinha. A minha filha Bern, o senhor me gosta muito dela chamou aqui, e eu imagino que seja por causa do problema da politica fiscal do Governo. Eu trouxe urn anteprojeto...

PRESIDENTE E muito verdadeiro tambem. A ge te s6 sente quando arde nos othos da gent E aqui, nesta cadeira, as pressties do terriveis... Voce deve sentir o mesmo la no Ministerio...

clue falta...

PRESIDENTE Muito bem, muito bem. Mas quanto a isto, eu confio cem por cento na capacidade de sua equipe. Vamos colocar a casa ern ordem, nao e? Deus ha de nos ajudar. Mas ndo foi por isso que eu o chamei aqui.

MINISTRO Ern que posso servi-lo, Presidente?

PRESIDENTE Eu estou muito bem impressionado corn a maneira como voces la na Fazenda vem conduzindo as negociacoes corn os credores externos. Os jornais, principalmente do exterior„ tern elogiado muito a,s suas gestOes. E por at mesmo, Tonico. E fe ern Deus e pe na tabua. Born, eu mandei confeccionar estas abotoaduras de ouro corn as minhas ini,ciais gravadas, e gostaria de presented-lo. E uma lembranca singela, mas muito sincera, que eu estou oferecendo aos meus colaboradores mais leais e a algumas autoridades civis e militares.

MINISTRO ()ire beleza, senhor. Presidente. sao muito bonitas. Eu fico muito honrado em recebe-las.

PRESIDENTE Sabe, Tonico, tern um ditado la na minha tetra que diz que "macaco gordo nao pula em galho seco". Eu tenho procurado pautar o meu Govern° dentro desta maxima da sabedoria popular. Vox populi, vox Dei, nao é mesmb? A prudencia 6 uma grande virtude, Tonico. E a coragem, aliada A prudencia, é a maior de todas as virtudes.

MINISTRO uma grande verdade, Presidente.

PRESIDENTE preciso zelar diuturnamente pela liturgia do cargo e pelos interesses maiores da nacao. E voce sabe, Tonico, seu pai era BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

MINISTRO Deus esta ao seu lado, Presidente.

PRESIDENTE Eu sinto isso, Tonico. Eu sint a presenca de Nosso Senhor Jesus Cristo ia e noite ao meu lado, e rezo muito para ue o Divino Espirito Santo ilumine as min as decisdes, que As vezes sao duras, energic s, mas tern que ser tomadas, doam a qu doer!

MINISTRO Tern toda razAo, Presidente.

PRESIDENTE 0 poder muito solitario, Tonico. a minha terra se diz que "pimenta nos ol os dos outros é refresco".

MINISTRO Muito sabio...

MINISTRO • E como sinto, Presidente!

PRESIDENTE Pois 6... 0 seu cachorro e basse?

MINISTRO Como? Ah, nao... Nos nAo te os cachorro no momento, Presidente.

PRESIDENTE Mas que pena! A minhanetinha gan ou uma cadelinha basse, aquela raca com ridinha, voce sabe... Born, já esta na ep ca de cruzar, e ela me pediu para arranjar tim namorado pra Xuxa, que é o nome que bla deu pra bichinha. Se voce souber de algum basse desimpedido, manda avisar la no Palacio...

MINISTRO Claro. Sem diryida... Eu tenho u a cunhada, a Lurdes, que e casada co irmao do Senador Ferreirinha, que e to ca por cachorros. Vou falar corn ela h je mesmo.

PRESIDENTE E o Ferreirinha, como esta? Ha tempos eu nao o vejo. Cheguei a pensar nele p ra o Ministerio da Irrigacao, mas as press es do nosso Partido... 0 Ferreirinha 6 m ito amigo do meu sogro. Eu soube que ele t ye um ameaco de infarto ha uns dots mes S. MINISTRO Ele fez os exames no Hospital as Clinicas, mas já esta tudo sob contrite.

-Zero quilometro. A filha dele, a Mar'sa, vai se casar no mes que vem corn o filho do Granatto.

PRESIDENTE Qual Granatto? Aquele do Citiba k?

Ele andou envolvido num escand lo financeiro at, nao foi? Na Previdencia ou na Caixa Economica, ja nao me record

IyIINISTRO E, acusam ele de um rombo, mas nao conseguiram provar nada. Esse pessoal fogo...

PRESIDENTE Tern tnuita inveja, nao 6? -0Iho grande", como se diz. Mas eu you mandar urn telegrama para a filha do Ferreirinha.

Casamento hoje em dia e uma aventura...

MINISTRO E verdade. "Casar nao 6 a casaca-, como diz a ininha mae.

PRESIDENTE Muito ,boa essa! Eu poderia ate acrescentar que "ser Presidente nao e a casaca". E como dizia o Machado, nao e?

"Ao vencedor, as batatas".

MINISTRO Boa lembranca, Presidente. Já reparei que o senhor gosta muito de citar Machado de Assis. Eu tambem sou fa do Machado.

Li a obra completa dele na minha adolescencia.

PRESIDENTE A literatura e o mel da vida, meu caro Tonico. E o pior e que estas obrigacOes da liturgia do poder sdo o fel da existencia.

MINISTRO uma belissima imagem Presidente.

PRESIDENTE Bern, meu caro Ministro. Eu nao quero atrapalhar os seus afazeres la na Fazenda.

Lembrancas a sua senhorae nao se esqueca: Deus sO ajuda a quem tern fe. Vamos acreditar!

MINISTRO Eu guardo muita fe e rezo muito para Santa Edwiges para acertar corn os nossos credores externos.

PRESIDENTE Deus C brasiteiro! Ele vai iluminar o seu caminho...

MINISTRO Muito obrigado pelas abotoaduras, meu Presidente. Ja you usa-las hoje mesmo.

Lembrangas ànetinha e a Xuxa dela.

The original title of this short story is "Republica". Julio Cesar Monteiro Martins, the author, was born in Niteroi, in the Greater Rio, in 1995. He has published several short-story books: Torpalium, Sabe Quem Dancou?, A Oeste de Nada, As For cas Desarmadas, and Muamba. Monteiro Martins is also the author of three novels: Arterias e Becos, Barbara, 0 Espaco fmaginario and a volume of essays: 0 Livro das Diretas. He is one of the founders of the Brazilian Green Party and from 1992 to 1994 has worked as a lawyer for the • Brazilian Center in Defense of Children's Rights. He taught literary creation at the Goddard College in the U.S. and is now a professor in Italy, teaching literary creation and Brazilian Literature in colleges in Piza, Florence, Lucca and Pistoia.

You can get in touch with the author sending E-mail to: monteiro.martins@rom.unipi.it 33

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P. ' so-r`

Despite the lack of infrastructure, Brazil has some of the world's best public parks. Sometimes they are also called ecological stations and biological reserves. Be prepared to make your acquaintance with the maned wolf, the giant armadillo, the banded anteater, and many other wild animals, some of them on the list of ..,â&#x20AC;&#x201D; ,endangeged species. ..".. 'f ..-- .r.' /1- ..,f ' -.(7:1.1"

On a federal and state level, there are 350 parks and e ological stations, ensuring the protection of over 300,000 sq. kmâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;roughly 5% of the national territory. Unfortunately, about 70% of them exist only on paper. Only 33% of Brazilian natural reserves have a minimum infrastructure (warden offices and fences) and only 19.5% have vehicles, equipment, weapons and personnel on an appropriate level.

Of all national parks, the government has managed to regulate only 22% of them.

To pay out the owners of the land would cost $1 billion. The Brazilian Environment & Natural Resources Institute (IBAMA) still hasn't expropriated any land, so ranchers continue to use it.

IBA MA makes the distinction betweenparques'nacionais (national parks). reservas biehigIcas (biological reserves) and estac5es ecologicas (ecological stations). Only pa-ques naeionais are open to the public for recreational use. Reservas biologwas and estacOes ecologicas are only open to researchers. TO visit them you need permission frcm IBAMA. Despite all this, there are some fantastic parks to visit. IBAMA has a minuscule buiget, which only allows it to publish a small amount of literature in Portuguese and evn less in English.

If y ou' re prepared to rough it a bit and do some camping, you'll experience some spectacular places. The following is a quick overview of Brazil's main national parks, divided for ease of reference into regions.

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

35

The Southeast In Rio, the Parque Nacional da Tijuca, surrounded by the city, is a popular day trip and offers magnificent panoramic views. The Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, 155 km to the southeast of the city, is a favorite with trekkers and climbers, its big attraction being the Agulhas Negras mountain with a 2787-meter peak. Another climbing Mecca is the Parque Nacional da Serra dos Orgaos, 86 km from Rio. As well as its spectacular peaks it offers some great walks. These last two parks both possess a well-developed tourist infrastructure.

On the border of Rio and Sao Paulo states, close to Parati, the Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina is where the coastal escarpment meets the sea, and the Atlantic rainforest quickly changes to high-altitude araucaria forest as you move up from the Coast. There doesn't, as yet, exist any infrastructure for tourists.

In Minas Gerais, there are some great parks to visit.

The Parque Nacional de Caparao in the east of the state, on the border with Espirito Santo, contains the third highest peak in the country: 0 Pico da Bandeira, at 2890 meters, and you don't have to be a climber to get up there.

The tourist infrastructure is well developed, especially for campers. In the southwest of the state, 350 km from Belo Horizonte, the Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra is where the Rio Sao Francisco begins. The area is very beautiful and contains the spectacular Cascata d'Anta waterfall. The park is also home to many endangered species, such as the maned wolf, giant anteater, pampas deer, giant armadillo and thin-spired porcupines camping is permitted.

The Parque Nacional da Serra do Cip6, 100 km from Belo Horizonte, is an area that is full of mountains, waterfalls, and open countryside. Its highlands are an arm of the Serra do Espinhaco. The 70-meter waterfall, Cachoeira da Farofa, and the Canyon das Bandeirinhas are its two principal attractions, but the park contains no tourist infrastructure. , Also in Minas, near its borders with Bahia and Goias, the Parque Nacional Grande Send() Veredas is made up of cerrado, caatinga,veredas (swampy plains between hills and rivers), and a few stands of winepalms. Inhabitants of the park include the maned wolf, giant armadillo, banded anteater and rhea. Once again, this is another park with no tourist infrastructure and access is difficult.

The South In the southern region, the most famous national park is Iguacu, which contains the falls. Also in Parana, but near the coast, is the Parque Nacional do Superagui, which consists of the Peps and Superagui islands. Notable attractions of the park include the huge number of wild orchids and the abundant marine life. Created in 36

1989, it contains no infrastructure for tourists.

Santa Catarina boasts the Parque Nacional de Sao Joaquim, in the highlands of the Serra do Mar, where it even snows sometimes. As yet, it contains no tourist infrastructure.

Rio Grande do Sul contains one of the most unforgettable parks in Brazil, the Parque Nacional de Aparados da Serra, with its famous 1taimbezinho Canyon. Camping is permitted inside the park. Close to the town of Rio Grande, in the south of the state, the Parque Nacional da Lagoa do Peixe is an important stopover for many species of migratory birds. It also contains the largest saltwater lagoon in the state. A visitors' center is still on the drawing board.

The Central West This region has its share of parks too.

Just 10 km from the national capital, Brasilia, is the Parque Nacional de Brasilia, a favorite weekend spot with the city's inhabitants. It contains a visitors' center, and a leisure area with natural swimming pools. Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, 200 km north of Brasilia, in the state of Goias, contains some rare fauna and flora, as well as some very spectacular waterfalls and canyons. Camping is the only accommodation option here. In the extreme southwest of the state is the Parque Nacional das Emas. Its main attraction is its great abundance of wildlife and the ease with which you can spot it in the open country, especially in the dry season. Accommodation is available inside the park, and camping is permitted.

Close to the city of Cuiaba is another popular park, the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimardes, with its waterfalls, huge valleys and strange rock formations.

Accommodation inside the park is limited to camping, but there are hotels in the nearby town of the same name.

Halfway between Cuiaba and Corumba, near the fork of the Paraguai and Cuiaba rivers, the Parque Nacional do Pantanal Matogrossense is deep in the Pantanal and can only be reached by river or by air. Porto Jofre, 100 km upriver, is the closest you'll get by land. Permission from IBAMA in Cuiaba is required to visit this park. Camping is the only accommodation option here.

The Northeast In Bahia, the Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina has a network of trails, and great hiking to peaks, waterfalls and rivers.

On the Southern border of the state is the Parque Nacional de Monte Pascoal, which contains a variety of ecosystems ranging. from Atlantic rainforest to mangrove swamps, beaches and reefs, and rare fauna and flora. A visitors' center has been in the planning stage for several years: Approximately 80 km offshore in the extreme south of the state is Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos, which BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

was designated in 1983 as Brazil's first marine park. The attractions are the coral reefs, which can be visited on organized scuba-diving tours, and the birdlife on the numerous reefs and islets.

The state of Pernambuco recently incorporated the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, which lies approximately 525 km east of Recife. A section of this archipelago has been designated as the Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha. The attractions here are the exceptionally varied and abundant marine life and birdlife.

Package tours to the archipelago are available and independent travel is possible. The tourist infrastructure is rapidly being developed.

The state of Ceara contains the Parque Nacional de Ubajara, which is renowned for its limestone caves. Tourist infrastructure is developed, and access to the caves has been re-established with a new cable car, which replaced the old system destroyed by landslides in 1987.

In the northern region of the state of Piaui is the Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades. The park's interesting set of rock formations resembling "seven cities" (sete cidades) are accessible via a hiking trail. Tourist facilities, including transport and accommodation, are established.

In the Southern region ofthe state, the Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara contains prehistoric sites and rock paintings, which are still being researched. Over 300 sites have been discovered so far, and this park is already considered one of the top prehistoric monuments in South America. Tourism is still very limited, since it is difficult to combine ongoing research with public access, but a museum and guided tours are planned.

In the state of Maranhao, the Parque Nacional dos LencOis Maranhenses has a spectacular collection of beaches, mangroves, dunes and fauna. Infrastructure is limited, but transport and basic accommodation are available.

The North The national parks in the northern region of Brazil are best known for their diverse types of forests harboring an astounding variety of fauna and flora. Most of these parks require that visitors obtain permits before arrival. They provide few tourist services, and access normally entails lengthy and difficult travel by plane and/or boat.

The Parque Nacional de Cabo Orange extends along the coastline at the northern tip of Amapa state. This park has retained a diverse variety of wildlife, including rare or endangered species such as the manatee, sea turtle, jaguar, anteater, armadillo and flamingo. At present, there isn't any tourist infrastructure available for transport or accommodation in the park.

In the state of Para, the vast forests enclosed by the Parque Nacional da AmazOnia are being rapidly eroded by illegal encroachment and destruction. The wildlife includes a wide variety of rainforest species, but poaching is making rapid inroads into their numbers. And it's BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

difficult to se any change in this situation when only four park guards e responsible for nearly one million hectares. Limited services for accommodation and transport of visitors ar provided.

The Parq e Nacional de Monte Roraima lies on the northern bou dary of Roraima state. Established in 1989, this park con ains Monte Roraima (2875 meters), one of Brazil's high st peaks.

In the stat of Amazonas, the Parque Nacional do Pico da Neblina a joins the Venezuelan border and contains Brazil's high St peaks: Pico da Neblina (3014 meters) and Pico 31 de arco (2992 meters). Visitors normally require a perm t from the IBAMA office in Brasilia. No standard tou ist infrastructure is established, however visitors can a range access by using a combination of air and river tran port.

Brazil's la gest national park, Parque Nacional do Jaia, lies close to t e center of Amazonas state. Visitors normally require permit from the IBAMA office in Brasilia.

No standard t urist infrastructure exists, but visitors can arrange acces by using a combination of air and river transport.

The Parqu Nacional de Pacads Novas lies close to the town of Ji-Pa ana in the state of Rondonia. The principal rivers of the s ate, the Madeira and the Guapore, originate within the pa , where small communities of indigenous Indians have ought refuge from the massive deforestation and destr ction that is still raging through the state.

The Parqu Nacional da Serra do Divisor lies in the extreme West rn part of the state of Acre and adjoins the border with P ru. Established in 1989, it has very limited tourist in frast ucture.

The Parq e Nacional do Araguaia now lies in the recently creat d state of Tocantins. The park area covers the northern Fnd of the Ilha do Bananal, the world's largest river island, formed by the splitting of the Rio Araguaia. The park has no standard tourist infrastructure, but visitors may be able to make arrangements in Santa Teresinha (Mato Grosso state) or Gurupi (Tocantins).

CLIMATE Many travel guides suggest a certain sameness to the weather in Brazil. This is misleading. It's true that only the south has extreme seasonal changes experienced in Europe and the USA, but most of the country does have noticeable seasonal variations in rainfall, temperature and humidity. In general, as you go from north to south, the seasonal changes are more defined.

The Brazi ian winter lasts from June to August. It doesn't get cold in Brazilâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;except in the southern states of Rio Grand do Sul, Santa Catarina, Parana and Sao Paulo, where he average temperature during the winter months ofJun i,July and August is between 13°C and 18° 37

C. There are even a few towns that can get snow, which is very strange to most Brazilians, who have never touched the white flakes. The rest of the country boasts moderate temperatures all year long.

The summer season is from December to February. With many Brazilians on vacation, travel is difficult and expensive, while from Rio to the south the humidity can be oppressive. It's also the most festive time of year, as Brazilians escape their small, hot apartments and take to the beaches and streets. School vacation, corresponding with the hot season, begins sometime in mid-December and goes through to Carnaval, usually in late February.

In summer, Rio is hot and humid; temperatures in the high 30° Cs are common and sometimes reach the low 40s. Frequent, short rains cool things off a bit, but the summer humidity makes things uncomfortable for people from cooler climes. The rest of the year Rio is cooler with temperatures generally in the mid 20° Cs, sometimes reaching the low 30s. If you are in Rio in the winter and the weather's lousy (the rain can continue for days nonstop), or you want more heat, head to the Northeast.

The Northeast coast gets about as hot as Rio during the summer, but due to a wonderful tropical breeze and less humidity, it's rarely stifling. Generally, from Bahia to Maranhao, temperatures are a bit warmer year-round than in Rio, rarely far from

28° C. All in all, it's hard to imagine a better climate.

The highlands orplanalto, such as Minas Gerais and Brasilia, are usually a few degrees cooler than the coast and not as humid. Here summer rains are frequent, while along the coast the rains tend to come intermittently.

Although there are variations in rainfall, throughout Brazil rain is a year-round affair. The general pattern is for short, tropical rains that come at all times. These rains rarely alter or interfere with travel plans. The serttio is a notable exception—here the rains fall heavily within a few months and periodic droughts devastate the region.

The Amazon Basin receives the most rain in Brazil, and Belem is one of the most rained on cities in Excerpts from Brazil the world, but the refreshing A Travel Survival Kit showers are usually seen as 3rd edition, a godsend. Actually, the

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Reggae from the Badlands With arresting lyrics, overpowering rhythmic vigor, and boundary breaking horn arrangements, Cidade Negra's fourth disc reveals a range and depth that overshadows their previous work. Their latest album, 0 Ere, underlines not only the group's w-iting talent, but also their knack for selecting fresh and lasting material. And the band is beginning to establish a broad following outside Brazil, including in Europe and the U.S..

BRUCE GILMAN

Brazilian pop has traditionally been a product of mauricinhos, young people from upper-middle class families who always dress fashionably, look as ifthey just got out of the shower, carry cellular phones.. .a kind of Brazilian yuppie. These mauricinhos have exerted a vigorous reign over the pop landscape for some time. But this privileged class stronghold has finally been shattered by a group from BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

41

of repeating the success of Cidade Negra. For Rio's badlands. Ascending from the most violent people who considered Belford Roxo the capital of region in the state of Rio, as the first group to break world violence because of the number of bloody the middle-class pop monopoly and become the killings that occur in the region, this trend is a principal reference of Brazilian reggae is Cidade sizable step in the right direction. Today, mothers Negra. â&#x20AC;˘ Belford Roxo are encouraging their kids to learn The group hails from Belford Roxo, a city stuck how to play guitar. in the middle of the low plains area known as Cidade Negra's guitar player, Paulo Roberto da Baixada Fluminense. The site is one of the most Gama, used to paint cars. Vocalist, Antonio Bento unkind places in the world where the streets are da Silva (Toni Garrido), was a delivery boy for a dirt; and guns, violent crime, and poverty are worn pharmacy. Until a few years ago, Lazar° da Cruz out cliches. It is a city where there are few paths (Lazo), the group's drummer, and Andre de Farias young people can take. Aside from the inconse(Bino), Cidade's bass player, carried cleaning quential sum of money that hard work brings, there e brushes and buckets to wash the windows of office is the evangelical church, drug trafficking, and , buildings in the center of Rio, or they offered their music. Everyone starts out the same, but the path a cleaning services to car owners on the streets. They person takes as an adolescent seals an unalterable all came from families where the mothers were fate. domestic maids and the fathers were laborers.

Most bars in Belford Roxo continue to be freThe members of Cidade Negra managed to quented by older people, lovers of samba; clubs escape from a brutal destiny, but have not abancater to teenagers who like funk. The few small doned it. Today on blistering afternoons, Cidade reggae bars in the area have had a precarious Negra is not in Belford Roxo. Success has brought existence, but their numbers are growing. And it is this band from the periphery to apartments in Barra here that the latest music from the world's top da Tijuca, Copacabana, and the exclusive Lagoa reggae groups can always be heard playing in the , area. They all h e cars and cellular phones. Still, background. they continue working for change Devotees of reggae NNE me mow On in the same Babylon that decome together in these voured their peers. Among other bars or in garages where Discography: ventures, da Gama is planning to their favorite bands reopen an independent record lahearse. Young people 1990 Lute Para Viver Epic whose hearts beat in bel to promote new talent and 1992 Negro no Poder Sony time to the pulsating give some Belford reggae bands 1994 Sobre Todas as Forgets Sony a first chance. He already pays rhythms of Bob Marley Sony 1996 0 Ere for their studio time, coaches and who mirror the habits and dress of Jamaica their performances, and has proamps Em Not aim pack these sites. Some I. duced a few shows. So if Cidade wear dreadlocks and arNegra displays a little pride ticles of clothing that bear green, yellow, and red -nowadays, if nothing else, it serves as a good reference for other poor kids who live in the Baixada colors. The better informed use words extracted from the Rastafari religion. One of the most often e , Fluminense. heard is Jah, the Rastafari word for God. From the time of their first release Lute Para How the habits and music from a distant island Viver (Fight in Order to Live), which contained the in Central America could influence a dusty town in hits "Falar a Verdade" (To Speak the Truth) "Nada the Baixada is still difficult to fathom. But the ."

Mudou" (Nothing Changed), "Assassinatureza" process seems to have started in the,middle of the (Nature Killer), and "Nos Jardins Desta Nacao" (In 1980s when the movement of black consciousness the Gardens of This Nation); the group has rewas growing around Rio. In that climate of social , mained close to the limelight. Lute Para Viver was criticism, reggae fell like the bomb of love and a masterpiece of Brazilian roots reggae. But to be spread like radiation. Jamaican reggae star Jimmy . completely honest, the group did need some time to Cliff played soccer and rode a bicycle around the r. emerge from problems they had with their misunstreets of Belford Roxo during a break in his 1991 derstood second project, Negro no Poder (Black in concert tour of Brazil, commenting later that he felt Power). Many radio stations refused to give the at home, that it was exactly like his country. disc airplay for reasons that could, at best, be Although the influence of Jamaican culture in construed as racist. A good example of why Negro Belford Roxo goes beyond reggae and wearing ,no Poder was misunderstood can be seen in the dreadlocks, few reggae fans actually follow the , lyrics from the tune "Zumbi." Zumbi was the milirigid precepts of the Rastafari religion. Among tary commander of the Republic of Palmares, a other things, the Rastafari beliefs preach a total remarkable political and economic state comprised abstinence from the consumption of meat and dicof nearly twelve thousand runaway slaves in tate isolation for long periods of time. NotwithAlagoas in Northeastern Brazil between 1630 and standing, Belford Roxo's city government initiated 1697: a project last year that will research important similarities and draw comparisons between Belford Aqui onde estao os homens Roxo and Jamaica.

De um lado cana de aciicar Among all of the traces of Jamaican culture, Do outro lado cafezal what excites the young people of Belford Roxo Ao centro senhores sentados most is without a doubt the music. There are in this Vendo a colheita do algodtio branco small town no less than ten top-notch reggae bands.

Sendo colhido por milos negras Several of them are now recording demo tapes for Eu quero ver the major record companies, and all are dreaming Quando Zun1bi chegar 42

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

0 que vai acontecer Zumbi é senhor das guerras E senhor das demandas Here are the men On one side sugar cane On the other a coffee plantation In the center the masters are sitting Watching the harvest of the white cotton Being collected by black hands I want to see When Zumbi arrives What is going to happen Zumbi is the master of wars He is the master of the conflicts After the disappointing sales of Negro no Poder, the group was forced to accept some new conditions from their multinational record label. An excessive work schedule was just one concession of their agreement with Sony. The band pushed their live performance schedule to the limit, at times performing 22 shows in one month, not including radio and TV appearances and interviews. A sad aftermath of the group's concessions to Sony was Ras Bernardo's decision to leave the group.

Rasp ] Bernardo (Sebastiao Francisco Bernardo), the first vocalist of Cidade Negra, embarked on a solo career with the disc Atitude Patna (Civic Attitude). Bernardo discovered that the reality in Jamaica had everything to do with his reality and today divides his time between performances and the preparation of the Uniao Brasileira Rastafari (Brazilian Rastafari Union), a kind of study center dedicated to Jamaican belief systems. He commented last year that he doesn't want to establish a temple, only a home for debates,and the dissemination of information.

Toni Garrido, the vocalist who joined the group in 1994 after the departure of Ras Bernardo, has added not only new energy and ideas, but also a commercial consciousness and a politically correct position. Garrido feels that the group is not yet in a position where they can comfortably discuss the circumstances surrounding Negro no Poder, but intends to one day reveal the names of the DJs at the particular stations, who were responsible for preventing the project's exposure. In the meantime the band is being careful about voicing their opinions on controversial issues. After all, the message of reggae is about love, energy, and establishing a peaceful and harmonic climate.

In his critique of their third disc, Sobre Todas as Forcas (Above All the Forces), Sergio Martins, critic for Show Bizz magazine, described Toni Garrido as mediocre and inexpressive. Despite the jab, Cidade Negra sold 400,000 copies of the disc in the first four months after its release. A feat like that is usually reserved for artists like Roberto Carlos. Six tracks from this project were constantly aired on the radio and became major hits for the group: "Onde Voce Mora" (Where Do You Live?), "Downtown," which includes an appearance by Jamaican reggae star Shabba Ranks, "A Sombra da Maldade" (The Shadow of Your Malice), "Pensamento" (Thinking), "Querem o Meu Sangue" (They Want My Blood) by Jimmy Cliff, and "Mucama" (Slave Woman), which mixes reggae with rap and includes a guest appearance by rapper BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

Gabriel 0 Pen ador. In addition, the video for the tune "Onde Vo é Mora" was number two on MTV's Top 20, prece ed only by "Love is Strong" by the Rolling Stone who were performing in Brazil at the time.

Composed by Nando Reis (Titas) and Marisa Monte, "Onde Voce Mora" is different from the roots reggae t e group had been performing with Ras Bernardo. t mixes elements of soul music with romantic lyric: Amor igua ao teu Eu nunca ais terei Amor que u nunca vi igual Que eu nu ca mais verei Amor que do se pede Amor que ão se mede Que nao se repete Love like urs I will neve have again Love like I have never seen That I will ever see again Love that's not asked for Love that's not measured That doesn t repeat At first gla ce the music and lyrics of Cidade Negra seem li nothing new, since many of these same elements have been the benchmarks of Brazilian pop. W at is new is that Cidade Negra's approach, thei kind of spirit, has been completely absent from th Brazilian pop music scene. Theirs is not audacio s post-modern or concrete poetry, nor is it the oetry of Chico Buarque. On the contrary, Cida e Negra's lyrics are about common life, about si ple, thought-provoking everyday events. Anothe good example of Cidade's style is the lyrics from "Mucama" (Slave Woman) off the Sobre Todas a Forcas disc: Mucama Na cama d patra'o Me paga &dark) de ufilo Mas come 0 que a po ulactio Aldo come.

Slave worn In the bed f the boss He pays me The salary fa clown But he eats What the p pulation Does not e • Whereas N gro no Poder forced the group to make some co promises and "Onde Voce Mora" began a contro ersy with Cidade's critics, 0 Ere (The Child) h reopened the floodgates of success. With arr sting lyrics, melodies that differ widely in for al outline and emotional impact, overpowering r ythmic vigor, and boundary breaking horn rrang ments, Cidade Negra's fourth disc reveals the ran e and depth of their reggae concept in a style that vershadows their previous work.

Although there is some concession to commercialism, like the b nus track "Free" sung in English, there is embed ed in each of the tracks a scorching 43

passion for reggae music.

0 Ere underlines not only the group's considerable writing talent, but also their knack for selecting material by composers of fresh and durable melodies. Half of the tracks from the new disc are receiving extensive radio exposure: "Cidade em Movimento" (City in Motion), "Jah Vai Providenciar" (God Will Provide), "SOS Brasil," "Firmamento" (Heaven), "0 Guarda" (The Cop), Jorge Benjor's "Negro R Lindo" (Black Is Beautiful), and the title track, "0 Ere." According to 'Jorge Davidson, the project's artistic director, 0 Ere is expected-to generate more sales than Cidade Negra's past three releases combined by the end of this-summer, an extraordinary mark for the band considering their humble beginnings.

"SOS Brasil," the disc's first track, opens with the persistent stimulation of C idad e ' s rhyth-mic foundation (Bino and Lazao) bonded to a tightly syncopated horn section arranged by Laminha. Garrido is simultaneously lyrical and virile. It is an unusually satisfying performanceâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; the essence of electronic 90's reggae.

The disc's paramount work is "Cidade em Movimento" by Pedro Luis, a prolific-composer known for defining a kind of Northeastern regional-punk music with the group Parede (Wall), for his compositions "Tudo Vale a Pena" (Everything is Worthwhile) and "Dois" (Two) on Fernanda Abreu's 1995 release Da Lata (From Tin), and for his musical direction of singer Aricia Mess and the group Boato (Rumor).

A somber atmospheric prelude acts as a decoy until Bino's bass grabs the spotlight in a performance that reflects clear-cut articulation and an incisive individuality of expression. Here the impeccable Bino is as fluid and fiery as ever, but in a more overt manner than usual. He obviously knows his instrument and is capabie of instantly executing ideas. In fact, this quality characterizes his playing throughout the disc.

Fantastic polyrhythms and intelligent construction of ideas are juxtaposed by mixing DJ scratching, Bino's unrelenting bass, and an Eleanqr Rigby-like string effect to make "Cidade em Movimento" one of the group's all-time best.'

It is on "Jah Vai Providenciar" that Garrido demonstrates his -technical finesse and expressive lyricism. In addition, each member of the group performs with authority, something that comes from comprehensive musicianship, to capture a trace of their earlier roots reggae sound. I found myself humming the tune's refrain at unexpected moments and futilely speculating what would have happened had Ras Bernardo stayed with the band.

Virtuosity and versatility again combine for the no-holds-barred "0 Guarda." Laz'ao, Bino, and da Gama, as always, lock clown an unremitting rhythmic foundation. The performance here is amazingly mature and completely confident demonstrating that Cidade Negra's approach is always evolving.

The success of the new disc does not mean that Cidade Negra is making reggae any more or less pure. It only verifies that the band has reached a place in popularity that allows them to record what they want. Besides, they have never 44

is. . ..

Cidade em Movimento Words and music by Pedr.

Luis, Roberto Valente, an Rodrigo Saad (a.k.a.

Rodrigo Cabelo) 0 sol actorda a cidade Mistura cor da tnassa Que vai On velocidade Da luz do astria rei do olhar Sou da cor da cidade Caminho junto corn a multidao Que pulsa no sant da verdade Tambor da nossarcomunicacao Que toca no sangue Que toca os sentidos Espalha no ar batuque das tribos vent() um so rnovimento que invade e transborda No som que atorda a cidade car) de paz Cnracilo de pao Tudo coitclo de irmart CoracAo rei Cor4So de Irma°

The sun wakes the c It mixes the color of the people Who ,P v e at the speed ing Star's light Of t ha I wal multitu That vi the trut Drum o That to That to Spr trib

th the sound of

iimunication blood the senses e air the beat of the

The s nly one movement Cascading like a wave that invades and overflows In the sound that wakes up the city Heart in pe Heart in Every h King he Heart of a b

Jan Val Providenciar I

Words and music by Seiginho Meriti and Caca Franklin Pessoa, ainda sinto s mesmas coisas tortes pot \wee Meu sentiment° mais Profundo ainda insiste em te querer as sei que nao tern Sido nada %ail sobreviver Tanto para mim, qUanto pra voce E aquele nosso jeito aprestado de querer 4 Veneer Quase nos deixou mal Mas nada ha de abalarnossos pianos Voce vai vet que corn o pussar dasanos 0 que falta pra Musa felicidade Jah vai providenciar, Jah vai providenciar

Pessoa, nao duvide que rut vida tudo pode acontecer E o sol pode estar quente de repente, trovejar a ate chover I Man chuva lava a alma, tenha calma, vai acontecer Saiba esperar, nao se negue a crer Que foi aquele jeito apressado de querer, n Quase nos deixou mal

I feel the same strong things for you My deepest feelings still insist on loving you But I know that it has not been easy to survive As much for me as And in that urgent way w to succeed We nearly lost ourselves But nothing is going to shake our plans You will see that with the passing years .

What is missing for our happiness God will provide, God will provide People, don't doubt that in life anything can happe And t be sud ers But ca

Ivlas nada ha de abalar os nossos pianos Voce vai vet que corn o passar dos anos 0 que falta pra nossa felicidade ai providenciar, Jah vai providenc denciar, Jab va providenciar vai providenciar, Jah vai providericiar BRAZZIL -,JULY 1997

A .

IM NM NMI NM MO

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0 Ere The Child Words'by Toni Garrido, da Gama, Lazio, Bin°, and Bernardo Vilhena Music by Toni Garrido, da Gann, Lazio, and Bin° Pra entender o Era Tern que tá moleque Tern que conquistar alguam ° E a consciancia leve Ha semanas em que tudo vein Ha semanas que 6 seca pure Ha selvagens que sae do bem A sequencia do filme muda • lvfilhOes de anos luz poclem curar 0 que alguns segundos na vida pod= representar 0 Era, a crianca, sincera conviccao Fazendo a vida come que o sol nos traz Voca sabe Urn sentiment° nao trai Um born sentirnento no trai

•

Pra entender o Ere Tern que ta moleque Tern que conquistar alguem E a consciencia leve Pare e pense no que ja se viu Pense e sinta o que ja se fez 0 mundo visto de uma janela Pelos olhos de urna crianca

To understand the child You have to be a child of the streets You have to defeat someone And have a light conscience There are some weeks when everything come you There are some weeks that are pure drought There are some hardened ones who are good The sequence of the film changes Millions of light years may heal What a few seconds in a life may represent 0 Era, the child, sincere conviction Making a life with what the sun brings us You know A feeling does not betray A good feeling does not betray To understand the child You have to be a child of the streets You have to defeat someone And have a light conscience Stop and think of what you have already seen Think and feel what you have already done The world seen through a window Through the eyes of a child

SOS Brasil SOS Brazil Words by da Gania, Lazio, and Bernardo Vilhena Music by da Gama, Lazio, and Bino Ha inuito tempo que eu queria to dizer, °Ka Vontade de te ver tambem Nao vale se esconder Verdades sempre yam E as coisas que passei Já ficaram para tris Eu tenho que viver

For a long time I've wanted to tell yo I want to see you also You are not allowed to hide Truth always comes And the things that I passed Are already left behind I have to live

A minim ansiedade cada vez aumenta mais Eu to vendo na cidade, Odio, arnor, guerra e paz Alguem da sua idade no caminho encontrei Falando dos atalhos descobertos pelos reis Oral da sua historia e ate o rei so!

Todos eles dizem que existe uma lei Man eles nao sabem de uma coisa que eu sei Mas eles into sabem de uma coisa que eu sei

My anxiety grows more each time In the city I see hatred, love, war, and peace I met somebody your age on the way Talking about the shortcuts discovered by gs The king of your history and even the sun mg All of them say that there is a law But they don't know one thing that!

But they don't know one thing that I k

rro magro e cnanca na ma, corra Pra tenter salvar alguam Mulher bonita 6 feitico da lua Seu relax me faz hem gente avanca e tarribern recua, No balance desse trem Desempregado a luta continua Resistindo esse vai e vem Rua 6 a escola Rua pra jogar bola Nua a crianca chora Nua pedindo esmola Agora eu you contar 0 que ninguem nunca ouviu 0 future 6 agora, SOS Brasil.

Skinny dog and child on the street, Inn To try and save somebody Beautiful woman is a spell of the moo Your ease makes me feel, fine The people move forward and also retr at On the sway of this train Unemployed the struggle goes on Resisting this come and go Street is the school Street is to play soccer Naked a child cries Naked asking for charity Now I am going to tell you What no one has ever heard The future is now SOS Brazil.

....

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

imm

followed the existing trends that so many other reggae bands have succumbed to.

Sales of 0 Ere are showing that the reggae of Cidade Negra is at .a peak whatever the classification the public gives them. And judging from the latest numbers, it's safetosaythat 0 Ere will not create any disturbing negotiations with Sony in the near future.

Speaking the truth and grasping the purpose and the philosophy of reggae has taken Cidade Negra a long way from Belford Roxo. The group has achieved superstardom in Brazil. Their following consistently fills up stadiums. Furthermore, the band is beginning to establish a broad following outside Brazil. They have performed in Europe and in the United States. But what I assume was even more satisfying was their trip to Bob Marley' s Jamaica where they were the only band from South America to participate in the Sunsplash Festival, the world's most important reggae celebration.

For the band to release a new disc after the phenomenal success of Sobre Todas as Forcas was an enormous responsibility. But this band from the outskirts of Rio has demonstrated they have talent and breath enough to rómain high on the charts for 'a long time to come. With the release of their forth disc, 0 Ere, Cidade Negra has made reggae the best bet for this summer.

[1] The name Ras in Jamaica means prince. In Belford Roxo it is applied to those who admire reggae or to those dedicated to the Rastafari belief system.

Bruce Gilman, music editor for Brazz11,, received his Masters degree in music from California Institute of the Arts. He leads the Brazilian jazz ensemble Axe and plays cuica for escola de samba MILA. You can reach him through his E-mail: cuica@interworld.net

Books

best-sellers Rio

Alcovas de Cetim (Satin Alcove) Rebeca Fonda, an unrecognized great actress lives in a fantasy world. Written

by Regiana Antonini, who won the Sharp prize as Brazil's 1996 best playwright. Ignes Vianna does the monologue. Candido Damm directs.

Amanho E Dia de Pecar (Tomorrow Is a Day for Sinning)-Comedy by Mario Lago and Jose Wanderley. Perfect marriage starts to crumble when wife thinks her husband is not faithful. With Marcos Calzolari, Jana Carrera, Juliette Naegeli, and Andre Soares.

Botylcicio Bilhoes (Bonifacio Billion) - Comedy by world-renowned playwright Joao Bethencourt who also directs. How winning the lottery changes a man's life. It premiered in 1975. With Francisco Milani, Rogerio Cardoso, and Elizangela.

Cabaret Brazil - From Getulio Vargas (1954) to the military dictatorship's cruellest year (1968), the history of Brazil on a cabaret stage. Musical from Wolf Maya and Cininha de Paula directed by WolfMaya. With Rosa Marya, Serjao Loroza, Claudia Lira, Adriana Garambone, and Danielle Winits.

Sao Paulo

Antonio Mora Recebe Fernando Pessoa (Antonio Mora Receives Fernando Pessoa). Comic monologue from Marco Antonio Braz and Mauricio Marques. A medium trying in vain to chanel the great Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa who also used the Antonio Mora pen name. Directed by Marco Antonio Braz. With Mauricio Marques.

0 Banquete (The Banquet) - Paulo Simaes s experimental show using Plato's classic text. There is no stage.

Spectator around a table participate in a debate about love and virtue. With Wanderley Damaceno and Fabio Zagui.

Cheque ou Mate (Check or Mate) Comedy by Ricardo Semler. Wealthy family deals with a kidnapping attempt, With Raul Cortez, Myriam Persia, and Malu Bailo.

0 Cord& Umbilical (The Umbilical Cord) - Comedy written by Mario Prata. The '70s' youth through the eyes of a prostitute, an actress and a student.

Directed by Paolino Raffanti with Camila Rattanti.

Engano (Mistake) - Ricardo Leitte wrote and directed this comic thriller.

Three youngsters fight for a bag full of money. With Raquel Marinho, Roberto Rocha, and Vera Villela.

Um Espirito Baixou ern Mim (A Spirit Possessed Me) - On the eve of his wedding, super macho man is possessed by a gay spirit who starts to flirt with the bride's-brother. Comedy written by Ronaldo Ciambroni. With Walter Carvalho and Vitor Branco, who also directed.

46

American films just released: Lookingfor Richard (Ricardo III, urn Ensaio), The Company of Strangers (Na Companhia de Estranhos), The Lost . World: Jurassic Park (0 Mundo Perdido: Jurassic Park), To Gillian on Her 37th Birthday (Para Gillian no Seu .Iniversario), High School High (Uma Escola Muito Doida), Jungle 21ungle ( eu Filho das Selvas), Everyone Says 1 Love You (Todos Dizem Eu Te Amo), One Fine Day .(Um Dia Especial), Murder at 1600 (Crime na Casa Branca), The Saint (0 Santo), Inventing the Abbots (Circulos de Paixoes), Con Air (Con Air: A Rota da Fuga), The Preacher 's"Wife (Um Anjo em Minha Vida), Mother Night (Viiima do Passado), Ed Mort - Brazil - 1996- Private eye Ed Mort (his name plays with the word morte, death in Portuguese) is hired by a suspicious wife to a master of disguise -locate her husband when he disappears. Based on the comical characters created by writer Luis Fernando Verissimo.

Direct by Alain Fresnot. With Paulo Betti, Claudia Abreu, Irene Ravache and Otavio Augusto.

Kama Sutra (Kama Sutra) - India - 1996 Two women, a maid and a queen fighting for the love of a king. By Mira Nair, with Naveen Andrews, Indira Varma, and Santa Choudhury.

0 Homem Nu (The Naked Man) - Brazil 1996 - Man is taken for sexual pervert and even terrorist after being locked outside his apartment naked. Remake of movie inspired by a Fernando Sabino short story. With Claudio Marzo, Lncia Verissimo, and Daniel Dantas. Directed by Hugo Carvana.

0 Que E Isso, Companheiro? (What's That, Pal?) - Brazil -1996- The story ofthe young guerrillas from the ALN (Acao Libertadora Nacional) and MR-8 (Movimento Revolucionario) who on September 4, 1969 kidnapped Charles Elbrick, the American ambassador in Brazil exchanging him for 15 political prisoners.

Loosely based on Fernando Gabeira's book of same name. Directed by Bruno Barreto. With Alan Arkin, Pedro Cardoso, Fernanda Torres, Selton Mello, and Fernanda Montenegro.

Pequeno Diciondrio Amoroso (Little Love Dic1996 - A chance meeting tionary) - Brazil between two youngsters develops into a torrid love story. Directed by Sandra Werneck with Andrea Beltrao, Daniel Dantas, and Tony Ramos.

Shine (Shine: Brilhante) - England/Australia - 1996- The story of pianist David Helfgott, whose career is interrupted by disease. He then returns to the concert circuit. Directed by Scott Hicks. With Geoffrey Rush and Armin Mueller.

0 Velho: A HistOria de Luiz Carlos Prestes (The Old Man: The Luiz Carlos Prestes's Story) Brazil - 1995- Documentary based on a 1985 interview given by the founder of PCB (Partido Comunista Brasileiro-Brazilian Communist Party), Luiz Carlos Prestes (1898-1-990). By Toni Venturi, narrated by actor Paulo Jose. .

1. 0 Paciente Ingles Micha,e1 Ondaatje 2. 0 Ultimo Chefiio - Mario Puzo 3. 0 Mundo de Sofia - Jostein Gaarder 4. Armadilha Aerea - Michael Crichton 5. Novas Comedias da Vida Privada Luis Fernando Verissimo 6. Cinco Dias em Paris - Danielle Steel 7. 0 Homem que Cakulava Malba Tahan 8. 0 Xango de Baker Street Jo Soares 9. Ponto de Fuga - Morris West 10. Legititna Defesa Jonathan Kellerman

Nonfiction 1. 0 Principio Dilbert - Scott Adams 2. Che Guevara-Uma Biografia Jon Lee Anderson 3. A Cama na Varanda Regina Navarro Lins 4. Chic - Um Guia Bdsico de Moda e Estilo - GlOria Kalil 5. A Arte da Guerra para Executivos Donald G. Krause 6. Ditirio de u,m Magro - Mario Prata 7. 0 Que E Isso, Companheiro?

Fernando Gabeira 8. Ah, Se Eu Soubesse - Richard Edler 9. Historia da Vida Privada no Brasil Fernando Novais and Laura de Mello e Souza 10. Meus Pratos Inesqueciveis Michael Tucker

Self-Help/New Age I. Meu Anjo - Fausto Oliveira 2. A Cura Atraves da Terapia de Vidas Passadas - Brian L. Weiss 3. Manual do Guerreiro da Luz Paulo Coelho 4. A Inteligencia Emocional Daniel Goleman 5. A Profecia Celestina James Redfield 6.A Inteligencia Emocional e a Arte de Educar Nossos Filhos John Gottman and Joan DeClaire 7. As Sete Leis Espirituais do Sucesso Deepak Chopra 8. Muitas Vidas, Muitos Mestres Brian L. Weiss 9. Minutos de Sabedoria Torres Pastorino 10. Violetas na Jan ela Vera Lucia Marizeck Carvalho According to weekly newsmagazine Veja an477a.-JULY 1997

.000 .000 ONLY THE BEST Pixinguinha, Cart°la. Milton Nascimento, Djavan, Jorge Ben, Paulinho da Viola, and Gilberto Gil, all of them are in Black Pearls, the latest musical extravaganza by Brazilian saxophonist, producer, arranger, and composer Leo Gandelman.

This is Gandelman's homage to 11 AfroBrazilian composers from the first team of Brazilian pop music and it is also the musician's US debut on PolyGram Latino. For nine years in a row Gandelman, who is now living in the United States, has won as Brazil's most popular instrumental artist, according to the yearly popular poll taken by Rio's daily Jornal do Brasil.

Born in Rio de Janeiro, Gandelman grew up listening to classical music in a home where the father was an orchestra conductor and the mother a concert pianist. After attending Boston's world-renowned Berkeley College, the musician returned immediately to his hometown's musically effervescent environment.

Black Pearls is Gandelman's sixth solo album. But he can be heard in more than 500 discs, adding his eclectic sound to the work of such musical powerhouses as Djavan, Gal Costa, Gilberto Gil, and Milton Nascimento.

EATING BRAZILIAN "On your mark, get set, eat!"- this Village Brazilian all-you-can-eat rotisserie is a "carnivore's delight", serving virtually "every critter on the Ark, skewered and BBQ'd, plus an "incredible salad bar"; it's "a blast", so "go with a group" and "eat till you drop." That is the way legendary gourmet's bible Zagat Guide describes the eating experience at New York's Riodizio, just one of eight Brazilian eateries spotted on the 1997 version of the book.

According to Zagat, New Yorkers and visitors to the Big Apple can enjoy Brazilian cuisine's spices served in a sophisticated setting in all these other places: Cabana Carioca, Circus, Coffee Shop, Greenfield, Ipanema, Rice'n'beans, and Via Brazil. Churrascaria Plataforma, which serves authentic Brazilian barbecue, has become a big hit in town. Being the new kid on the block, it did not make the renowned restaurant guide 1997 edition though.

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

ROMANCING THE U.S. Playing a femme fatale with some brain in a successful Brazi ian novela (soap opera) landed actre s Adriana Esteves on the cover of Tim magazine, on the Latin American edi ion that is, but still quite impressive. Esteves is Helena, the protagonist of lobo TV A Indomada (The Untamed) and also the main star of Time's take on t e political role of Latin America racy s ap operas.

The weekly news publicaf on called her "novela queen and Brazil's sweetheart." "I am ot only a sex symbol in this soap opera," said Adriana. "I int rpret a strong-willed woman who tells the world the things in hich she believes."

Who is also flirting with Uncle Sam is Christin Fernandes, 29, who just went back to Brazi after working on Francis Delia's indepen ent film The Time of Her Time. In Hollywo d, Christine and her flawless and accentle s English made the finals for playing Jane o the coming Tarzan movie. Back in Brazil, after being chosen is one of the three finalists among 200 candidates for the coveted le, the Brazilian actress was hopeful she ould be called as the King of the Jungle's ompanion.

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CERTIFIED TRANSLATIONS (TRADUCAO JURAMENTADA) Legal, Medical, Scientific, Business Documents and School Transcripts Certified by the California Judicial Council and filed with the Brazilian Consulate Since 1981

CENTRO BRASILEIRO PARAP TRATAMENTO DE VIOLENCIA DOMESTICA, DROGAS, ALCOOLISMO, , DEPRESSAO, SAUDE MENTAL EM GERAL 7635 FALLBROOK AVE WEST HILL, CA 91304

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BRAZILIAN

IMMIGRATION ATTORNEY

SUMMER FESTIVAL 197

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We bring you infectious energy, a thriving rhythm, and the most innovative Brazilian instrumental music

LOOKING FOR PEOPLE INTERESTED IN EXPOSING OR SELLING BRAZILIAN RELATED ITEMS. INFORMATION AND MAILING LIST FOR BROCHURE:

(310) 839-3788

(818) 566.1111

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SOYEGN PROMOTION ENTERT$1NMENT BRAZILIAN SHOWS LIVE BAND LIVE PERFORMANCES BRAZILIAN SAMBA SHOW GIRLS DJ. WITH ALL THE CURRENT HITS BRAZILIAN FOOD TROPICAL DECORATION AND EVERYTHING YOU WILL NEED TO MAKE YOUR PARTY COMPLETE For more info or a list of oar low pnces please call:

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BRAZILIAN FLAG PATCH Embroidered, 2 1/4" by 3 1/2", finest materials, american made, $ 4 00 ea s/h included Caps and T-shirts available soon AGDEX, Box 262087,Houston,Tx.,77207 E-mail: louis5.55@flash. net

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213-255-8062 brazzil@brazzil.com

CONNECTIONS WANTED HUGE INCOME POTENTIAL FOR THOSE WHO KNOW ANYONE IN BRAZIL. LARGE SUCCESSFUL INTERNATIONAL COMPANY OPENING SOON, DEMAND ALREADY BUILDING. GRAB LARGE MARKET SHARE BY ACTING NOW

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BRAZZIL - RO. BOX 42536 LOS ANGELES, CA 90050 Call (213)255-8062 or E-mail: brazzil@brazzil.com

For Ad, call (213) 255-8062 or E-mail: brazzil@brazzil.com 48

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

FEIRA LIVRE OPEN MARKET ACTORS/COMMERCIALS

JOB OFFERED

TV Commercials - Secrets of "How You Can Star in Commercials and Make Big $$ Money".

(All ages, all sizes, all ethnic groups.) Valuable report. Send $12 to M. C. Randell, Box 17564, Beverly Hills, CA 90210 [138]

Precisa-se de um padeiro corn muita pratica; principalmente parafabricacdo industrial de PAO DE QUEIJO E SALGADOS. Boa oportunidade,. Telefone (213) 266-0899 - Area de Los Angeles. Chamar pela Dra. Cynthia Cho. [135]

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY

Own your own full or part-time business. Entrepreneurs sought for billion-dollar US network marketing company expanding to Brazil. Highest paying company in industry. Call 1 (800) 994-6238 for information. [137] SOUTH AMERICA/EUROPE EXPANSION - Billion $ Corporate expansion looking for individuals with contacts in Brazil and Europe. High income potential. 1(800) 337-0264 11411 CATERING

ATENCAO BRASILEIROS Cozinhamos na sua residencia para congelar. (562) 438-3415 [140] CLASSES

Aprenda Ingres - $20 cada hora -Individual (310)398-9228 Professor: Christopher Rudolph [137] Conversational Brasilian Portuguese Method - "I tried several methods to learn BRASILIAN PORTUGUESE, but when I started lessons with NILSON. I knew immediately that I'd found the best one. And in just a few months, I was able to communicate on a one-on-one basis." Individual, Total Immersion, Corporate Group and Semi-Private.

Phone (310) 379-0738 [136] Looking for a very fast, efficient, and pleasant way to learn Brazilian Portuguese? (415) 9913476 [141] COOKING

Delightful Brazilian Cooking

by Eng Tie Ang, two for one sale $14.95, plus $5 shipping and handling. Over 130 authentic, quick and easy recipes. P.O. Box 30818 - Seattle, WA 98103 Phone and Fax (206) 789-3693.

[142] INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE

Prepaid International Callback Telephone Cards - Low rates between any countries. Brazil to USA for 730 per minute!

(619) 738-7005 or (619) 4329709 [135] thi.ALLIL - JULY

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Precisamos de sambistas para shows. (213) 812-7393 [140] Urgente! Wanted PortugueseEnglish speaking communicable people. $$ 2000-4000 p/t, $$ 4000-8000 fit. Call (818) 8120256 [141] MISCELLANEOUS

Agradecendo Graca Recebida - Orar o Salmo 38 tres vezes ao dia tres dias consecutivos.

Pub 1 icar agradecendo graca recebida. B.A.R. [137] Coming to Rio? American living in Rio needs someone to bring guitar equipment from San Francisco. Will compensate. Please, send your E-mail to Peter at leilacostagax.ibase.org.br [140] Divido conteiner para Sao Paulo. Outubro ou novembro de 1997. Entre em contato corn Karla. (415) 334-1559 [140] Pray 9 times 9 days - May the sacred heart of Jesus be adored, glorified, loved, preserved, throughout the world. Sacred Heart of Jesus, pray for us. St. Jude, worker of miracles, pray for us. St. Jude, helper of the hopeless, pray for us.

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Samba, bossa nova, chorinho, baido, axe, and more. Merchant Express (800) 589-5884 Music for all occasions. Live, D.J. or Elvis impersonator. Affordable (213) 469-2204 - Gerry [138] Norma Blase - soft Brazilian jazz, bossa, samba. Vocal/guitar duo to larger ensemble. Oakland (510) 451-3639 [135] NEWSPAPERS & MAGAZINES

Jornais e revistas do Brasil.

Recebemos jomais diarios etodas as principais revistas, incluindo masculinas e femininas. Tel. (800) 589-5884 PERSONAL WOMAN SEEKS MAN

FE IRA LIVRE RATES: 50 a word. Phone is one word.

DISCOUNTS: For 3 times deduct 5%, for 6 times deduct 10%. for 12 times deduct 15%.

POLICY: All ads to be prepaid. Ads are accepted at our discretion. Your canceled check is your receipt. Please, include address and phone number, which Will be kept confidential.

DEADLINE: The 25th of the month. Late material will be held for the following month if appropriate.

TO PLACE AD: Send ad with check, money order or your Credit Card number (plus your name and expiration date) to: B.RAZZ IL .

P.O. Box 42536 Los Angeles, CA 90050-0536.

Americana corn coracao brasileiro, bem educada, que adora a musica, o samba, a cultura, a linguae o povo brasileiros, queria conhecer urn brasleiro solteiro de 40 anos ou mais, em boa forma, morando em New York City ou pertinho. E-mail: sylvia2125@ aol.com [130] PERSONAL

PERSONAL FRIENDSHIP AND CHATTING

Male, 30, wants to meet Brazilians to practice Portuguese. I studied for a year but need to practice. (818) 548-5935 [137] PRODUCTS

1ão de Queijo —30 por $10 — Angela (310) 398-9228 [137]

MAN SEEKS WOMAN

American, male, hite, 45 years old, would like to meet a Brazilian or Portuguese lady. I speak English only. Age open. Call (415) 757-1946 (Eves) [142] American°, 28, ntrepreneur seeks Brazilian lad.' 18-36, open mind and attractive. Send letter/ photo. Chris - 1Q9 Minna St. #338 - San Francis o, CA 941053728 [136] Americano, 36, traente, romantico e sincero. Procura brasileira 18-45. Enviar foto para: 2440 - 16th St. #179. San Francisco, CA 94103 148]

PSYCHOTHERAPY

Chronic & Life Threatening illnesses,A.D.D. & dyslexia, life transitions, bicultural & relationship issues, sexual identity conflict — Edison de Mello, .M.D.; Ph.D./MFCC — Portuguese/ Spanish/ English. (310) 656-6987 [137] Emotional & psychological help - Elizabete Almeida MFCC licensed psychotherapist. English/Portuguese. Reasonable rates. (310) 281-7536. [146] TAX

Americano, 38 anos, olhos azuis, fala portu ues, queria conhecer brasileir de 18 a 30 anos. Chamar Willi rn (310)2047913 [139]

A TTT Services - Tax & Translation& Travel and Notary (909) 627-2171 [146]

English male, 9, Antique dealer, own busine s, financially secure, attractive, ophistrcated, has toured Brazil, seeks slim attractive Brasileira for long-term relationship and to share life.

Send letters and photos to Mike, 50, Cranworth R ., Worthing, West Sussex, Engl d BN112JF [141] Sort-of-America , corporate jaguar, very succes ul, 33, needing some serious 4tress relief... looking for a verr sexy, furry Brazilian kitten to play with. If you are 22-32, in B azil or USA, no problem... y you. Letter with photos to GS, 342 S. Highland Ave. #14A, Pi sburgh, PA, 15206, USA [138]

Excursao Las Vegas - Saidatodo sabado: (LA) 8:00 AM - Chegada: (Vegas) 2:00 PM - Saida: (Vegas) 10:00 PM - Chegada: (LA) Domingo/manha 4:00 AM - $69/pessoa Tel. (310) 815-8717 [137]

TOURISM

TRANSLATION & INTERP.

English to Portuguese, technical translation. Precise, fast turnaround - Ricardo Paoletti (716) 839-5310. Fax: (716) 839-5410.

E-mail: paolettgibm.net Tocantins Communications Portuguese translation services.

Fast, reliable, affordable translations. (818) 248-3667. [134]

IM.1.11:11

calendar - july 97 - us.a.

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TV & RADIO COAST TO COAST

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SHORT WAVE RADIO Radio Nacional da Amaz6nia - Daily, especially on evenings and early morning -6,180 & 11,780 Khz Radiobras - All universal time - From 12 noon to 1:20 PM, in English and from 1:30 PM to 2:501PM, in Spanish 15,445 Khz BOSTON Coragao Brasileiro - Every Monday, 8:00 PM - 10:30 PM with Dennis Miller 88.1 FM - WMBR Brazilian Style of Music Every Friday, 11:00 am 2:00 pm, 91.5 FM, WMFO with Marlon Catao

ax

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(;)

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is.

CHICAGO The Sounds of Brazil - Every Saturday, 10:00 pm Midnight, 95.5 FM, WI\JUA with Scott Adams Show Brazil - Every Friday, 8:00 am - 11:00 am, 91.5 FM, WMFO with Edna Moreno DENVER Brazilian Fantasy - Every Sunday, 4:00 pm - 6;00 pm, 89.3 FM, KUVO LOS ANGELES TV Brazil TV - Buena Vision, Channels 6 or 56 (Mon. 8:30 pm); LBCTV-CVI (Long Beach & Signal Hill), Channel 57 or 65 (Wed - 6- 30 pm), CVI (San Fernando Valley), Channel 27 (Tue. 7.30 pm) RADIO Sounds of Brazil - Every Saturday, 1:00 PM - 3:00 pm, KPFK, 90.7 FM with Sergio Mielniczenko Brazilian Hour - Every Saturday and Sunday, 9.00 am - 10:00 am, KXLU, 88.9 FM with Sergio Mielniczenko

50

maiummakMill BERKELEY, CAL.

7:00 PM mimi m aux& LaNEE

8:30 AM - 6:30 PM - Scott Serata in Shots from Brazil at Photolab Gallery. Expo goes through July 24.

(510) 644-1400

9:00, 11:00 PM, & 1 AM - Samba Novo at S.O.B.'s

MIAMI, FLORIDA

ALL DAY - Carnabeach with two Trio Eletricos and Tim balada, o Bloco on Ocean Drive - (888) 924-6262

11;011:4-1971Vacillill

8:00 PM - Marisa Monte at Gusman Center for Performing Arts - (305) 672-5202

LOS ANGELES 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM - Axe plays Gismonti, Pixinguinha, and Pascoal at Zabumba 11.11111116112 AVALIEM

Sergio 2000 at Ginga Brasil

NEW YORK MIAMI BEACH, FLOR.

ANAHEIM, CAL. 7:00 PM - Sergio 2000 at Ginga Brazil

SAN FRANCISCO 10:00 PM - Entre Nos at Bahia Cabana

IRVINE, CAL. 9:00 PM - Ana Gazzola & Brazil Sound Band at Bistango - (714) 752-5222

ANAHEIM, CAL.

LOS ANGELES

7:00 PM - Lois Sings Brazil at Ginga Brasil

4:00 PM - 8:00 PM - S5o Paulo visits LA Eight Brazilian artists at BGH Gallery. Opening reception. Expo goes through August 31. (310) 315-9502 9:30 PM - ULA Samba Band at Zabumba 10:00 PM - Constellation Band at Café Danssa

LOS ANGELES 9:30 PM - Lula & Afro Brasil at Zabumba

FORT LAUDERDALE, FL. 8:30 PM & 10:30 PM -Raizes do Brasil at Brazil Brazil - (954) 561-8200

SAN FRANCISCO 10:00 PM - Entre Nos at Bahia Cabana

LOS ANGELES 9:30 PM - ULA Samba Band at Zabumba 10:00 PM - Constellation Band at Café Danssa MMTIMILITAIN

SANTA MONICA, CAL.

immiumujikaimm MIAMI BEACH, FLOR. ALL DAY - Carnabeach with two Trio Eletricos and Timbalada, o Bloco on Ocean Drive - (888) 924-6262

SANTA MONICA, CAL. 8:00 PM - Samba Academy at 217 Broadway (310) 679-3502 YAVI 4 91 144 BLIAI CORONA DEL MAR, CAL.

9:00 PM - S6nia Santos & Obathala Band at Carmelo's - (714) 675-1922

LOS ANGELES

8:00 PM -Samba Academy at 217 Broadway (310) 679-3502

9:30 PM - Lois sings Brazil at Zabumba

CORONA DEL MAR, CAL.

LOS ANGELES 1:00PM-3:00 PM -Axe, the Brazilian Jazz

111711"/M1 META el I 4, 9:00 PM - Sonia Santos &Obathala Band at Carmelo's - (714) 675-1922

LOS ANGELES 9:30 PM - Lois sings Brazil at Zabumba

i: iii'0, 11/AW DIEM MIAMI, FLORIDA 6:00 PM - E o Tchan at Bayfront Park - (305) 450-1772

LOS ANGELES 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM - Axe plays Gismonti, Pixinguinha, and Pascoal at Zabumba 10:00 PM - Lois & friends at Zabumba

Ensemble, plays Gismonti, Pixinguinha, and Pascoal at Zabumba MililaitplAILEM1111111

LOS ANGELES 9:30 PM - Lula & Afro Brasil at Zabumba 10:00 PM - MILA Samba School at Café Danssa

ANAHEIM, CAL. 7:00 PM - Lois Sings Brazil at Ginga Brasil

SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 9:30 PM - Brazilian Summer Party at S.O.B.'s at Tractor Tavern - 5213 Ballard Ave - TicketMaster

SAN FRANCISCO HOLLYWOOD, FLOR.

MIAMI

9:00 PM - Clauduarte Sá at Brazil Samba Café - (954) 920-4426

RADIO Brazilians Love Jazz - Every Sunday, 8:00 pm- 10:00 pm with Gina Martelli - 93.9 - Love 94

9:30 PM - Lula & Afro Brasil at Zabumba 10:00 PM - MILA Samba School at Cafe Danssa

LOS ANGELES

ANAHEIM, CAL.

10:00 PM - Entre Nos at Bahia Cabana

IRVINE, CAL. 9:00 PM - Ana Gazzola & Brazil Sound Band at Bistango - (714) 752-5222

ANAHEIM, CAL. 7:00 PM - Lois sings Brazil at Ginga Brazil

LOS ANGELES 9:00 PM - Sonia Santos & Obathala Band at La Ve Lee - (818) 980-8158 BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

calendar - july 97 - u.s.a.

9:30 PM - ULA Samba Band at Zabumba 10:00 PM - Constellation Band at Cafe Danssa

mimujiiimaiumim SANTA MONICA, CAL. 8:00 PM - Samba Academy at 217 Broadway (310) 679-3502 E immialkg.

NEW YORK 8:00 PM - Gal Costa as part of the Lincoln Center Festival's Expresiones Latinas at Avery Fisher Hall - (212) 721-6500

11111Mirl 4 DI 0 I 4, 1 DIMFIcillIMI FOXBORO, MASSACHUSETTS 7:30 PM - New England's Revolution vs.

Palmeiras of Brazil at Foxboro Stadium (617) 931-2000

CORONA DEL MAR, CAL. 9:00 PM - S6nia Santos & Obathala Band at Carmelo's - (714) 675-1922

LOS ANGELES 9:30 PM - Lois sings Brazil at Zabumba Emi LOS ANGELES 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM -Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble, plays Gismonti, Pixinguinha, and Pascoal at Zabumba

miniameszAmimi MIAMI BEACH, FLOR. 9:00 PM - Daniela Mercury at Jack Gleason Theater - (305) 867-9786

LOS ANGELES 8:30 PM - Sergio Mendes Brasil-99 in Flying Down to Rio with fireworks at the Hollywood Bowl (213) 850-2000 9:30 PM - Lula & Afro Brasil at Zabumba 10:00 PM - MILA Samba School at Café Danssa

ANAHEIM, CAL. 7:00 PM - Sergio 2000 at Ginga

Brazil

LOS ANGELES 8:30 PM -Sergio Mendes & Brasil99 in Flying Down to Rio with fireworks at the Hollywood Bowl -(213) 850-2000 10:00 PM - Constellation Band at Café Danssa

SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO, CAL. 9:00 PM - Ana Gazzola & Brazil Sound Band in Jazz Concert Series - (714) 493-3984

TUESDAY 29 LOS ANGELES 8:30 PM - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble, plays Gismonti, Pixinguinha, and Pascoal at Zabumba 9:00 PM - Katia Moraes & Feijoada Completa Orchestra at Moonlight Tango Cafe (818) 788-2000

11.1171 91 I 44 BY.NNIIMII CORONA DEL MAR, CAL. 9:00 PM - Sonia Santos & Obathala Band at Carmelo's (714) 675-1922

LOS ANGELES 9:30 PM - Lois sings Brazil at Zabumba

i;l11 ii

Brazilian Jazz Ensemble, plays Gismonti, Pixinguinha, and Pascoal at Zabumba limmy jimagnim

ANAHEIM, CAL. 7:30 PM - Sergio 2000 at Ginga Brasil

iimiwatll 1gaitimm.

NEW YORK 8:00 PM - Daniela Mercury as part of the Lincoln Center Festival' Expresiones Latinas at Avery Fisher Hall - (212) 721-6500

9:00, 11:00 PM, & 1 AM - Juliana Aquino Brazilian Samba at 5.0. B's SAN FRANCISCO 10:00 PM - Aquarela at Bahia Cabana

ANAHEIM, CAL. Ginga Brazil - 821 N. Euclid, (714) 778-0266

BERKELEY Ashkenaz - 1317 San Pablo Ave. (510) 525-5054 Nino's - 1916 Martin L. King Jr. (510) 845-9303

'ix

LOS ANGELES 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM - Axe, the

Al

I

IRVINE, CAL. 9:00 PM - Ana Gazzola & Brazil Sound Band at Bistango - (714) 752-5222

SHELTER ISLAND, CAL. 8:00 PM -Sergio Mendes & Brasil99 at Humphrey's - TicketMaster

(310) 628-9789 La Ye Lee - 12514 Ventura BI. - Studio City - (818) 980-8158 Zabumba -10717 Venice Blvd Culver City -(310) 841-6525

MIAMI

SOB - 200 Varick St. (212) 3077171 Supper Club - 240 W. 47 St. (212) 921-1940 Scala Brazil - 35-50 31st St. Astoria (718) 937-0352

OAKLAND, CAL. voshi's - 6030 Claremont Ave.

LOS ANGELES

Brazil Samba Café - Hollywood (954) 920-4426 Scala Miami - (305) 371-5604

14 Below- 1348 14th St., Santa Monica -(310) 451-5040 Cafe Danssa - 11533 W. Pico BI. West L.A.- (310) 478-7866 Tony's -701 Long Beach Blvd.

NEW YORK

S. FRANCISCO

Blue Note - 131 West 3rd St. (212) 475-8592 Cafe Wha - 115 MacDougal St. -(212) 254-3706

Bahia Cabana -(415)861-4202 Chambord - 152 Kearney St. (415) 434-3688 Coconut Grove-(415)776-1616

BRA7_ZIL - JULY 1997

(510) 652-9200

TV & RADIO TV BIN (Brazilian TV Network) 11:00 pm - 1:00 am, DCI ch 40, S South ch. 51, Adelphia ch. 52, Gold Coast ch 99 Luqui Corporation - Jornal Bandeirantes - 11:00 pm 1:00 am, Dynamic ch 20, S South ch 41, Gold Coast ch 44, DCI ch. 45 NEW YORK RADIO Brasil corn S - Every Saturday, 9:00 PM with Judith King, 88.3 FM - WBGO Canta Brasil - Every Saturdday, 8 00AM -93.1 FM -WPAT Radio Amaz6nia - Every day, 6:30 PM on short wave -6.185 MHZ TV Brazil News - Every Wednesday, 8:30 PM - Channel 34 Brazil Update - Every Saturday, 3.30 PM - Channel 69 Brazilians in America-TV Every Sunday, 5:30 PM -Channel 16 Media Flux: Brasil - Every Saturday, 4.00 PM - Ch. 16 S. FRANCISCO Brasileirinho - Every Wednesday, 9:30 PM, KZSC, 88.1 FM with Renato Frota Brasil Musical - Every Sunday, 1.00 PM - 5:00 PM, Radio Bilingue, 91.5 FM via satellite, with Ricardo and Amarina Pugh - Fresno Canta, Brasil - Every Sunday, 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM - KKUP, 91.5 FM, with Xuxu, Maria Jose and David Heyman Programa de Domingo - Every Sunday, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, KSQQ 96.1 FM with Lino Bugatti A Taste of Brazil - Every Sunday, 11:00 PM - 12.00 AM, KKSF, 103.7 with Dick Conte SO Da Brasil - Every Friday, 8:00 PM - 9.00 PM, KUSF, 90.3 with Jorge Lima & Simone Odom WASHINGTON, DC Waves of Patropi - Every Saturday, 6:00 PM - 9:00 PM, WDCU, 90 FM with Andre Lacerda

51

Boston Area Books Livraria Plenitude (800) 532-5809

Consulate Consulado G. do Brasil (617) 617-542-4000

Dentist Sylvio P. Lessa (617) 924-1882

Food & Products Aqui Brazil (617) 787-0758 Brasil Brasil (617) 561-6094 Jerry's Cachaca (617) 666-5410

Instruction Approach Student Ctr (617) 787-5401 Braz. & Amer. Lg. Inst.

(617) 787-7716 Music Brazil CDs (617) 666-3747

Publications The Brazilian Monthly (617) 566-3651 Bossa: Braz. Jazz Guide (617) 262-9997

Restaurants Café Brazil (617) 789-5980 Ipanema (508) 460-6144 Tropicilia (617) 567-4422 Pampas Churrascaria (617) 661-6613

Chicago Consulate Consulado G. do Brasil (312) 464-0244

Translations Portuguese Lang. Ctr. (312) 276-6683

Los Angeles Accountant Sheila Shanker (310) 836-3436 Airlines yang (800) GO VARIG Vasp (310) 364-0160

Arts & Crafts Bakari Art Studio (213) 938-0523 Folk Creations (310) 693-2844 Culture Planet (310) 441-9808 Zebi Designs (310) 391-6530

Auto Repair Cosmo Auto Parts (213) 259-9818

Banks Banco do Brasil (213) 688-2996

Catering Joy's Catering (562) 438-3415

Churches lgreja Evang. Bras.

(714) 534-9437

62

Clothes Samba (310) 628-9789 Summer Brazil (310) 455-1772 Clubs & Associations Brazil-Cal. Chbr of Corn.

(310) 665-0166 Centro Cultural Gaucho (213) 256-6548 MILA - Samba School (310) 391-6098 SambaLi -Esc. de Samba (310) 628-9789 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (213) 651-2664

Dentists Gilberto Henriques (213) 464-0524

Events Promotion Brazil 'N You Prom.

(310) 928-1770 Brazilian Nites Prod.

(818) 566-1111 Pegasus - Parties & Ent. (818) 549-0383 Sayegh Promotions (562) 923-6659

Health & Fitness Herbs from Brazil (213) 851-7016 Westside Acupuncture (310) 914-1624 Import/Export N & R International (909) 626-3656

Instruction Brasil Brasil Cult. Ctr (310) 397-3667 Modern Lang. Center (310) 839-8427

Legal Services Meiojas & Ferraz (310) 360-0901

Loans Finance Plus Mort. Corp.

(310) 585-8911 Music Braz. Jazz /All Occasions (310) 839-3788 Jazz - Richard Samuels (818) 798-5424

Physician Paulo Coharte (310) 285-9670 Deck) Rangel (310) 828-7454 Ingrid Rodi - Gynec.

(310) 451-8144 Nilson A. Santos (213) 481-1430

Psychother/Counsel.

Elizabeth Almeida M.A. (310) 281-7536 Dr. Jefferson Si (818) 592-0402

Publications Brazzil (213) 255-8062 Real Estate Cent. 21 - Solon Pereira (310) 633-0787 Cold. Banker -J. Freitas (818) 304-9562

Restaurants & Cafés Bossa Nova (310) 657-5070 Brazilian Tropical (714) 720-1522

By Brazil (310) 787-7520 Cafe Brasil (310) 837-8957 Ginga Brasil (714) 778-0266 Lulu's Alibi (310) 479-6007

Yolie's Brazilian Steak (714) 251-0722 Zabumba (310) 841-6525

Translation/Interp.

Brazilian Int. Affairs (310) 854-5881 Tocantins Communic.

(818) 248-3667 Travel/Tours Around the World Trl. (800) 471-6333 Brazil Air (800) 441-8515 Brazil Tours (818) 767-1200 Cheviot Hills Travel (310) 202-6264 Traveland (800) 321-6336

Miami Airlines Transbrasil (800) 872-3153 Yang (800) 468-2744 Vasp (800) 732-8277

Banks Banco do Brasil (305) 358-3586 Banco Nacional (305) 372-0100 Banco Real (305) 358-2433 Banespa (305) 358-9167 Clubs & Associations ABFC - As. Bras. da nor.

(407) 354-5200 Cam. Com. Brasil- EUA (305) 579-9030 ARARA - Amazon. As. (813) 842-3161

Consulate Consulado do Brasil (305) 285-6200

Dentists Arnaldo Souza (305) 595-3238 Hidimo de Si (305) 262-8212 Food & Beverages All Braz. Imp. & Exp. (305) 523-8134 Guarani Esteves (305) 345-1540 Via Brasil (305) 866-7718 Physicians Dr. Jorge Macedo (305) 271-7311 Dr. Mario Sanches (305) 541-7819 Dr. Neri Franzon (305) 776-1412

Publications Florida Review (305) 374-5235 Restaurants Brazilian Tropicana (305) 781-1113 Brazilian Delight (305) 374-0032 Brazilian Pie (305) 866-1001 Cheese Bread House (305) 443-5358 Gula Gula (305) 532-3636

Travel Agencies Brazilian Wave (305) 561-3788 Discover Brazil Tours (800) 524-3666 Euroamerica (305) 358-3003 International Tours (800) 822-1318

Luma Travel (305) 374-8635 Monark Travel • (305) 374-5855 New Port Tours (305) 372-5007 Venture Travel (305) 379-7678 Via Brasil Travel (305) 866-7580

New York N. Jersey Books Luso-Brazilian Books (800) 727-LUSO Clubs & Associations Brazilian Ch. of Corn.

(212) 575-9030 Brazilian Corn. Bureau (212) 916-3200 Brazilian Trade Bur. (212) 224-6280 Consulate Brazilian Gen. Cons.

(212) 757-3080

Food & Products Amazonia (718) 204-1521 Coisa Nossa (201) 578-2675 Merchant Express (201) 589-5884 Publications The Brasilians (212) 382-1630 Brazilian Voice (201) 955-1137 OCA Magazine (516) 596-1853 Portugal-Brasil News (212) 228-2958 Samba Newsletter (718) 937-0574

Restaurants Brasilia (212) 869-9200 Brazil 2000 (212) 877-7730 Brazilian Pavillion (212) 758-8129 Cabana Carioca (212) 581-8088 Indigo Blues (212) 221-0033 S.O. B. (212) 243-4940 Taps,* River (201) 491-9196 Travel Agencies Barb Tour Service (201) 313-0996 Odyssea Travel Service (212) 826-3019

San Diego Clubs & Associations Clube Bras. San Diego (619) 295-0842 Sunday Night Cl. Brazil (619) 233-5979 Import/Export Brazil Imports (619) 234-3401 Money Remittance Vigo-California (619) 479-VIGO

San Francisco Airlines yang (415) 986-5737 Vasp (800) 732-VASP Attorney

Manoel Faris (510) 537-3533 Ralph Baker (510) 444-8100 Auto Nilson Auto Body (415) 255-6717 Matts Auto Body (415) 565-3560

Beauty Salon Bibbo (415) 421-BIBO Carmen's International (415) 433-9441 Neyde's (415) 681-5355

Clubs & Associations B.A.S.O. (415) 661-2788 Bay Area Brasilian Club (415) 334-0106 Brazilian Cult. Movem.

(415) 437-6991 Dance& MusicSum.Camp (510) 655-8207

Computer Micronet (415) 665-1994

Ccnsulate Brazilian Consulate (415) 981-8170

Dance Instruction Aquarela (510) 548-1310 Brazil Culture & Arts (510) 215-8202 Ginga Brasil (510) 428-0698 Escola Nova de Samba (415) 661-4798 Samba do Coracio (415) 826-2588 Samba, Swing & Suor (415) 282-7378

Dental Care Roberto Sales, DDS (510) 451-8315

Events Promotion F. B. C. Events (415) 334-0106 Nativa Productions (408) 287-9798 Food Brazilian Coffee Dist.

(415) 648-5966 California Produce (415) 586-6200 HGC Imp. Wholesale (408) 947-8511

Instruction Portuguese - A. Frame (510) 339-9289 Portuguese Lang. Serv.

(415) 587-4990 Money Remittance Brasil Express (415) 673-0262 Vigo (415) 863-0218 West Brazil (415)695-9258 Music Celia Malheiros (415) 738-2434 Damien's Intercambio (415) 595-2274 Fogo na Roupa (510) 464-5999 Marcos Silva (510) 945-0138 Terra Sul (415) 752-9782 Viva Brazil (415) 342-8508 Voz do Brazil (415) 586-2276

Musical Instruments Tamborim & Samba (415) 871-2201 Physician Dr. Guilherme Salgado (415) 832-6219 Printing M. C. Printing (510) 268-8967

Publications Brazil Today (510) 526-1115 Brazzil (415) 587-4990 Restaur./Night Clubs Bahia Cabana (415) 861-4202 Balboa Braz. Rest.

(415) 387-1118 Café do Brasil (415) 626-6432 Café Mardi Gras (415) 864-6788 Canto do Brasil (415) 626-8727 Colusa Restaurant (415) 526-1500 Joao's Restaurant (408) 244-1299 Little Rio (415) 441-3344 Michelangelo Café (415) 986-4058 Mozzarela Di-Bufala (415) 346-9888 Nino's (510) 845-9303 Paulo's Juice Bar (415) 437-0839 Stelladoro (415) 928-2662 Tropicilia (408) 471-0294 Translation Port. Lang. Services (415) 587-4990

Travel Agencies Rio Roma (415) 921-3353 Santini Tours (510) 843-2363 Travel Americas (415) 334-0404 Tropical Travel (510) 655-9904 Tucanos Travel (415) 454-9961 Winship Travel (415) 863-2717

ash ington DC Airlines Transbrasil (202) 775-9180 'Van* (202) 331-8913 Vasp (202) 822-8277

Banks Banco do Brasil (202) 857-0320 Banco do Est. de S. Paulo (202) 682-1151 Clubs & Associations Braz. Am. Cult. Inst.

(202) 362-8334 Inst. of Brazil. Business (202) 994-5205

Embassy Embaixada do Brasil (202) 238-2700

Travel Agencies Intern. Discount Travel (703) 750-0101 Washington Travel (703) 527-6977 BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

MERCHANT --410t!kytA EXPRESS 43 MERCHANT STREET, NEWARK, NJ - 07105 TEL: 1 -800-589-5884 - FAX: (201) 589-3262

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raor inry First great name of Brazilian music, Ary Barroso, the author of "Aquarela do Brasil" ("Brazil") had one hundred other talents outside the musical arena. He was also a radio announcer, writer, humorist, reporter, producer, piano player, master of ceremonies, interviewer, soccer commentator and narrator, a bachelor in law, and a bohemian till the bitter end. He had a chance to make big in Hollywood. But he said no with an argument that you will not believe after reading his colorful movie-like story.

ARTHUR DE FARIA

Ary Evangelista Barroso Born, Nov. 7, 1903, in Uba, Minas Gerais Died, Feb. 9, 1964, Rio de Janeiro, RJ

Any list of the ten biggest composers of Brazilian popular musicâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the men who shaped what is today known as MPB has to have the name of Ary. If it doesn't begin with him, if not for alphabetical reasons, then for chronological reasons. He is the first great name, unless you include Sinho, which is debatable. Besides this, Ary appears two times in the still more select group that created the 20 most recorded songs on the planet.

"Bahia" ("Na Baixa do Sapateiro") and -Brazil" ("Aquarela do Brasil") are hits in any elevator or concert hall in the world until today. Do you remember any show by a foreign singer when at the moment "hello Brazil!" was uttered, the chosen song to be "executed" (literally) wasn't the poor "Aquarela"? (although I saw an unforgettable spectacular at the Chinese Community Cultural Center in Miami, where the hit was "Cidade Maravilhosa" but, don't ask me what I was doing there).

And it isn't for the unanimity around his work as a composer that Ary is history. If it wasn't Ary Barroso, his name would have been "many". Piano player, he coined an economic style that reverberated to figures so important as his friend Tom Jobim. As a composer of songs or shows, he worked less than the already mentioned Sinho. Councilman, he was one of the people responsible for the construction of the dream stadium called Maracana, that, at the time, prompted laughs when someone would say that one day it would sell out. Besides this, he tried in vain to implant in the Rio de Janeiro of his time an idea completely ridiculous: selective trash pickup.

As a newspaper columnist, he didn't come to the level of his public enemy number one, Antonio Maria, but he came out well in heated journalistic discussions. And

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BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

generally against Maria himself. That, by the way, was always another particular characteristic of Ary's: he knocked down without the slightest compassion any beliefs different from his with the same passion with which he fought his entire life for musical royalties.

And there is more: as a radio and TV man, he always appeared on successful programs. In the most legendary program, Calouros em Desfile (similar to Star Search in the U.S.), he terrorized stardom candidates, but it was a guarantee of success for those who really had the right stuff. Elza Soares, dirt poor, was introduced on the show. Very skinny, and disheveled, with a borrowed dress much larger than she was, Ary teased her: "What planet are you from?" She, without embarrassment: "Planet Hungry, Ary". She sung, shined, and still managed an unprecedented victory.

Still, another candidate said that he was going to sing a "sambinha" (a little samba) by the program's announcer. He was almost slapped in the face because Ary believed he was putting his work down. Another was ready to play music from Tom and Vinicius.

But, since the poet and diplomat was then much more famous than the young composer, the stardom candidate started to play: "Se Todos Fossem Iguais a Voce", by Vinicius de Moraes. Ary, the old fighter for royalties, interrupted him furiously: "But Vinicius?!? And Tom?" Between one thing and another, the prodigal son Lficio Alves, and an excellent choro and accordion player named Luiz Gonzaga were introduced on the display, among others. Not to mention the importance of Ary in launching musical careers, which were difficult to undertake, like that of the eternal diva Elizeth Cardoso. But Ary, gave the most energy and passion to Flamengo (the most popular soccer team in Rio).

More than being a composer, Ary's entire being was ruby-black (the colors of Flamengo).

This passion for sports didn't grow cold, not even when, microphone on the field, Ary transmitted soccer games on Rio's radio stations. As a matter of fact, as a commentator, he transformed a job, until then boring and bureaucratic, into a torrent of emotions. He became even more passionate if one side of the field had the colors of his beloved Flamengo. He rooted shamelessly for his team. And he played his harmonica, which was his trademark whenever there was a goal. A goal

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

from the opposing team deserved only a quick pass on the instrument. A g al

by Flamengo also had Edu, the h rmonica player besides Ary. The custom of the harmonica didn't stop Ary's other radical inventions that ended up incorporated into the transmission of soccer games until today—no one remembers anym re who had the original idea. For ample, color commentator, Ary ws the first one. The idea of a field eporter, microphone in hand in sear h of the first words of the goalmak r, was his idea. Not to mention that nothing stopped the relentless commentator. He even transmitted games fr rooftops.

But with all of this, Ary nev r stopped being, before anything el e, an ardent Flamengo fan. Because f this, when he was commentator fort e games of his team, listeners did 't think it strange when he went on t e playing field to swear at the refer abandoned the microphone to mo 1vate players, or even to lend his tie o a player called Jaz to serve as a splir t, when he hurt his collarbone in a move against the opposing team. * * * Ary was the first-born of t e Evangelista family, born in an U that in 1903 was a lost wilderness n the interior of planet Minas. But th's didn't hamper his father, Joao Eva gelista, who was a typical bon viva t of the belle époque in Minas: po t, guitar player, singer, bohemian a d lawyer.

Like father, like son. Twenty some years later, little Ary—the only son— was already an acclaimed lyric writer, piano player, samba composer, bohemian and... bachelor in law. Only he never practiced law.

(Un)fortunately, Joao Evangelis a never saw the accolades of his so since he and his wife died when Aiy was a miserable seven years old. A orphan, he was then raised by his aunt and grandmother. And Aunt Ri a wanted him because she wanted hi to be a famous concert pianist. Fro when he was ten years old, the po r boy was subjected to a mandatory dail three hours of piano lessons. Until h s death, he always remembered those hours as the worst of his life. But, it gave him a livelihood. He had such a talent for piano playing that when he was 12 years old, in 1915, he was already working in the movie thea in Uba, playing accompaniment far the films that were shown there.

This remainder of his poor and orphaned childhood, followed by the same type of adolescence, fully justified all the extravagances that he would commit years later, like the red piano decorated with a Chinese theme and yellow mohair that he had in the middle of his living room. His home also had a pool that was made to resemble a tropical lagoon covered with tiles designed like the sheet music of "Aquarela do Brasil."

But luck smiled on him for the first time long before this. He was 17 years old when a beloved uncle died and had designated him heir to a small fortune.

Of course, it was not the moment to receive a large amount ofmoney. With the excuse of studying law, the boy sent himself to Rio de Janeiro and into the revelry. In two years, he had meticulously spent every nickel. If it was up to him, there wouldn't have been a poor prostitute or a waiter without a big tip in Rio in the beginning of the 1920s.

With all his money spent, the only solution was to think back to his aunt's piano lessons and, playing piano, try to raise some cash to pay for his schooling and boarding house rent. He played in cinemas, cabarets, large and small orchestras, he toured, and little by little, he became famous. During this time, two new interests opened up for him.

The first was musical theater, then living its' golden era. He entered in this parade in grand style, lead by two experts in the field: Olegario Mariano and Luis Peixoto.

He participated in more than 60 works, in several of them writing the script, the plot, and the music. From then on, Luis Peixoto---old enough to be his father—would become his steadiest partner, lyric writer of marvels of the caliber of "Na Batucada da Vida" or "Camisa Amarela." With the union of these two talents, popular music would have to wait until Chico Buarque for a composer (or a pair of them) to once again attain such subtlety in the treatment in the feminine side of music—Assis Valente doesn't count since in the feminine side he reached astronomic proportions.

But we were talking about two fronts. The second was 13 years old, was called Ivone, and was the daughter of the owner of the boarding house where Ary lived. The family did all it could to avoid the infanticide, but the two wouldn't come unglued until they were married, which happened in 1929, the same year that Ary finally finished law school and his first successes took place. "Vamos Deixar de Intimidade"

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was a samba done in the style of a maxixe (dance that preceded the samba), strongly influenced by Sinho, who was still the King of Samba. And the original recording of "Vamos Deixar" was done by the best singer of Sinho, a graduate from the same group as Ary's: Mario Reis.

The other success was "Da Nela," a novel little march. It was so different, that it won first prize in a contest for songs for the 1930 Carnaval. It was with money from these first hits that the young newlyweds found courage for the daring matrimonial union.

And also for the daring decision to put the diploma of the head of the house in a drawer, to the despair of the families of both the bride and the groom.

But in the short space of time between 1931 and 1934, Ary would prove that he was more than right: he rapidly defined his style, a tremendous innovator for the time, he created his first dozen masterpieces. With them, he stood firm alongside Noel Rosa as the greatest genius of this upcoming new generation. While Noel was a gifted innovator of lyrics in popular songs, Ary incorporated the lessons of his friend and still made his own revolution in the musical part.

Among other things, the crop of music given birth to in this short space of four years is the principal reference source to define what would be samba for the next millennium.

"Rancho Fundo," "Maria," "Caco Velho," and "Tu" are all diamonds from this time as well as the never forgotten "Na Batucada da Vida". Not to mention "Faceira," which Ary classified as the first samba with "telecoteco" . Or, rather: the first pure samba, totally free of influences from the maxixe and from the batucada of the morros of the Cariocas (search for the original recording, with Silvio Caldas, still young and with the breques of percussionist Luciano Perrone—the same guy that suggested to Radames Gnatalli the original arrangement of "Aquarela do Brasil").

That cited musical ripening of Ary as a composer was a dizzying business. Just a few months separated the three chords of "Vamos Deixar de Intimidade" (and you thought that three chords just belonged to rock' n'roll?!?) to complex, linked, swinging melodies, in his next compositions. From these first mature songs, only Custodio Mesquita and, much later, Tom Jobim, would be on the same level as Ary.

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*

*

His entrance into radio took place in 1933, as a simple figure. In a short time, he was writer, humorist, presenter, reporter, producer, piano player, master of ceremonies, interviewer, football commentator and narrator. Only the legendary Almirante was more daring than him. Ary did the most he could, having one successful program after the next. Calouros em Desfile and Encontro com Ary were popular for years on end.

There is the story that one rainy night in August of 1939, Ary was in his living room, chatting with his wife and a couple who were in-laws. Suddenly, he got up from the sofa and said, going towards the piano (that very one, red with yellow): "I'm going to compose a samba full of innovations." He began imitating on the keys the beat of a tambourine, and a half hour later, the music and lyrics were done. His brother-in-law was the first to voice a complaint that would follow the song until today: "A coconut palm that has coconuts, Ary? What did you expect it to have?!?" Ary didn't respond, which he never would do, when people would make jokes about this very phrase.

He, clever like he always was, knew that he was inventing a style, a glorified samba. With his lyrics, that sung of the good and beautiful of Brazil, he was inaugurating a new era in a time where marches and sambas, as Noel Rosa would say, were only about women, vagrancy, and lack of money.

To celebrate, he drank a whole bottle of wine. Then, he sat down at the piano again, and promptly created the equally polished "Tres Lagrimas."

He could have retired right then and there.

Or...

Two years before, in 1937, Getfilio Vargas decided that he so much liked the business of being president, that he was going to stay in the job for some time. At a time when populist dictatorships were in vogue, like Hitler and Mussolini, he didn't stray from the mode and like his cohorts in Germany and Italy, he decided to heavily use nationalism as the government's foundation.

As principal weapons, he made a heavy investment in culture—and cultural industries—and in censorship.

One would watch out for the other.

Getfilio filled the airwaves with propaganda. Later, through a complicated transaction, he would buy Radio Nacional, which for years would be the largest in the country, almost supreme.

Radio, that sprang up amateurish and erudite in the previous decade, started to grow tremendously from 1932 on, when the government removed publicity control. It was to avoid the danger of deviations in his nationalism and unification goal, that Getiflio founded the DIP—Department of Press and Propaganda. It's there in the minutes of its foundation: "Its function is not just to supervise broadcasting in the country, but to also guide Brazilian radio in its cultural, social, and political activities".

And then, almost a coincidence, near the end of 1939, "Aquarela do Brasil" won first prize in a popular music contest sponsored by—guess— the DIP itself. A new phase was inaugurated in popular Brazilian music: glorified national pride and the witch hunt for vagabondism, enemy of Getfilio's plans for growth and development.

The fact is that it was never discovered if "Aquarela do Brasil" was composed or not under Getfilio's orders.

It's always good to remember that Ary was a steady customer of the expenditures of Radio Nacional, but, on the other hand, some of the lyrics in his music had problems with censorship.

But what was important were the verses that sung of the loveliness of Brazil— and rescued the forgotten term "melancholy" that, to the contrary of what was already said, wasn't Ary's invention.

Verses that ended up falling into the graces of the most popular singer of the time: Francisco Alves, the King of Song.

He heard the song in its debut, in musical theater, sung by Aracy Cortes and Candid° Botelho. Alves, who had a great sense of success, was delighted.

On August 18, 1939, still "hot from the oven" in Ary's living room, "Aquarela" went on acetate for the first time. And with pomp and circumstance: Besides the "King", the studio held an immense orchestra directed by a Gaitcho conductor who was becoming famous in the capital: Radames Gnatalli. It was the beginning for the music that would be the most well-known Brazilian song in Brazil and abroad, together with four or five songs by Jobim. But, more

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

than any other Carioca song by Tom, "Aquarela" was transformed into a type of alternative Brazilian national anthem.

An interesting fact from this first recording is that the arrangement was so elaborate and full of orchestrations that it took up two sides of a 78 rpm.

Six minutes of the best music produced then, dominated in a big way by the greatest riff created by Radames and his percussionist, Luciano Perrone: the celebrated tchan-tchan-tchan, tchan-tchan-tchan-TCHA!. Music so beautiful, creative, epic and, at the same time, so useful to the interests of the time, that it could only be successful. And it was. Internationally.

Walt Disney, in a courtesy visit to Brazil—a part of the ill-fated politics of the Good Neighbor policy of Roosevelt at the time of World War 1I—heard the song, badly played, in a hotel in Bahia. He was searching for inspirations for future Brazilian characters, and was delighted with the music. The music was exactly what Walt needed. A few months later, Ary left for the United States, with his "Aquarela" competing for the Oscar for Best Song. "Brazil," the song, had been included in the musical score of Disney's 1943 film, Saludos, Amigos (Alo, Amigos in Brazil), and was the greatest success. So much so, that Republic Pictures decided to ask him to spend a spell in Hollywood to write music for a new film that would be called Brazil.

He went, wrote the music, and was able to confer the success that the song Brazil was having there. To boot, he watched the pre-debut of"Bahia" ("Na Baixa do Sapateiro") and "Os Quindins de laid," sung by Aurora Miranda in The Three Caballeros (Voce. Já Foi Bahia?), another Disney film. He also was seen so much with Carmen Miranda that the news services announced that the two were married— that left Ary in the position of an international bigamist. Also, he became friends with Benny Goodman, with whom he listened to records by the Brazilian saxophonist Lums Americano—that Goodman swore was one of the best in the world. He even watched the Oscar ceremonies, sympathizing with the humiliating defeat of Humphrey Bogart, who was the favorite for Best Actor for Casablanca.

At the end of the year, Ary would return again to Hollywood, this time

BRA7_ZIL - JULY 1997

to write the music for Three Little Girls in Blue, an eccentric story taking place in a Brazil that only existed in the heads of Hollywood producers.

Fortunately for Brazilians, unfortunately for Ary, the film ended up never being made. Not to say, however, that he returned from Hollywood with empty hands, for he had the honor ()If being paid homage to by this very Hollywood.

On the 31st of December, 1944, Ary Barroso received the Merit Award of the Academy of Motion Pictures and Sciences for the samba "Rio de Janeiro," from the musical score of the film Brazil. There were even peopl who were confused and thought h had won the Oscar... The fact is tha Ary could have done very well in Hollywood as well as on Broadway.

He didn't want to move to the States, and look what Disney lost. "Don' have Flamengo" was his usual re4. sponse. Even pleading from his friend and mega-star Carmen Miranda or from Aloysio de Oliveira, leader of the Moon Band and Disney consultan on the subject of Latin Music, didn' help.

In this more than half century "Aquarela" had hundreds of re-recordings, in places that never saw a troubadour, much less one returning a sec ond time. In the Philippines alone three versions were made. The song i among the 20 most recorded songs i history, together with "Something" b George Harrison and "Garota d Ipanema" by Tom Jobim. As a matte of fact, not just "Aquarela do Brasil' ("Brazil.") The song "Na Baixa d • Sapateiro" ("Bahia") in 1945 had al ready entered in the select club o songs played on the radio more tha two million times in the United States.

It was a club with the already mentioned "Garota de Ipanema," plus "Meditacao" and "Desafinado," also

by Jobim. After all, just in Brazil, there were more than a hundred versions. It wouldn't be right to forget, besides the original version by Chico Alves, the "afro" of Elis Regina—on the record Saudades do Brasil—and the pop of Gal Costa—in her Ary songbook called Aquarela. And, of course, the bossa reinvented by the trio of Joao Gilberto, Caetano & Gil, in the colossal record Brazil.

In 1946, at the height of his popularity, Ary took a risk and was the councilman who received the most

votes in what was the first direct election for councilmen in the Rio city council, during the time that Rio was the national capital. His party was the UDN (Uniao Democratica Nacional— Democratic National Union), which opposed the PTB (Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro—Brazilian Labor Party) of Getulio Vargas.

He was relentless in speeches in the council, and for everything else that we already discussed in the beginning of this text. At the same time, because of his "charismatic" performances, he began to travel out of the country with his life's dream: The Brazilian Rhythms Orchestra. There were new invitations to stay, this time coming from Mexico and Argentina, but they didn't have Flamengo either.

In 1955, he won the National Order of Merit, the greatest honor given by the Brazilian government. At his side, also carrying the same award, Heitor Villa-Lobos (1887-1959)— who, they say became very angry to have to share the homage with a composer of sambas and marches. Around this same time, besides continuing with his radio work, he began appearing on TV and he increased his political activities for Flamengo's Board of Directors.

He slept little, making a mandatory nightly "patrol" that would make any bohemian jealous. Because of this, he composed less than in previous decades, but with no change in quality. "Risque" is from 1952 and "E Luxo SO" from 1957.

In 1958, Jobim, Joao Gilberto and Vinicius de Moraes founded the bossa nova. He was already a fan of Tom's.

"That Tom Jobim is a genius," he used to say to anyone who would listen.

Vinicius he knew from when they had cocktails in Carmen Miranda's mansion in Beverly Hills—maybe even before. And Joao Gilberto... well, Joao spent his entire life recording Ary's songs. There was no way he couldn't like the young men in this group, though some were pretty less than traditional. However, more or less obstinate critics ofwhat then became known as the Velha Guarda, they were unanimous in saving Ary and Caymrni from this basket. Then, his old friend Aloysio de Oliveira returned to Brazil and became the number one producer of records for this group of men.

So, instead of being bitter with the fact of losing the Brazilian vanguard movement, Ary decided to support it.

There is a classic photo that has Ary, Tom, Ronaldo Boscoli and Carlinhos

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Selected I7,iscography 10 inch records: 1953—Orlando Silva Cantu Ary Burroso--Copacabuna. First record with Ary's songs. Absolute rarity 1954—Silvio Ca Nos Canto Ary Barroso— Radio. Another rarity 1956—Ary Barroso pelo Trio Surdina— Polydor. The Trio Surdina was perhaps the most important instrumental group of the 1950s. It had three absolute geniuses: Fafa Lemos on the violin, the legendary Garoto on the guitar, and their perpetual partner Radam6s Gnatalli Chiquinho on the accordion. The record is dated with the static of the time, but maybe this is delightful in itself

almost pop versions in some cases, but always sensible. Her interpretation of "Faceira Se No" is definitive because of the original, with Silvio Caldas and the percussionist Luciano Perrone giving the music a real swing. When the record came out, it sold a lot and played over and over again on the radio, reminding many people of Ary Barroso 1989—Ary Barroso--Serie Grandes Au/ores do MPB—Polygram: 1991—Ary Amoroso—An Ary songbook by the divine Elizeth, recorded a little before her death. Also, re-released on CD. Immersed in her masterful elegance, Elizeth called Rafael Rabello, Mauricio Carrilho, Marcos Suzano and a few more along the same caliber to make this definitive CD with her. If you could only buy one record to hear Ary's music, don't even blink before deciding on this one. Without a doubt, Ary would do the same, he who spent his life bestowing Elizeth with all types of praise. The medley of Caco Velho with "Na Batucada da Vida" is fabulous.

The only other rendition at the same level is from Elis (Regina) from the 1974 album Elis, which is also worth a listen.

1993—.4ry Barroso--Fundacao AABB (three record set). This one you will have to work to find, but it's worth it. The record didn't have a commercial release as the Bank of Brazil Athletic Association distributed it as a year-end gift. But just the tracks with the singer Roberto Paiva are worth the search. Paiva—as Caetano (Veloso) remembered in Tropicana II— who was lost between Mario Reis and Joao Gilberto, and, at the time of the recording, still was in top form. Besides this, some of the musicians who accompanied the singers were from Ary's own orchestra. Ask you manager to search the archives of the Bank if you haven't closed your account.

Records: 1956—Encontra corn Ary—Copacabaria.

Rare jewel. Brilliant idea—the record has the atmosphere of a radio program, where Ary, seated at the piano, played his songs, dared to sing one thing or another, and mostly, confirmed his fame as an excellent talker. It's a ten on any -Unplugged" from MTV 1957—Garoto, Orquestra e Coro Tocam Ary—Odeon. Garoto was the greatest-violinist of his time, an innovator, said by many to be forerunner of the bossa-nova.

Also, he was part of the already mentioned Trio Surdina 1958—Ary Caymmi & Dorival Barroso— Odeon. Production by the genius Aloysio de Oliveira, for his Elenco label. Half of the tracks have Ary's frugal piano accompanied by bass and percussion, playing the best pearls of Caymm i. The other songs bring the Bahian, voice and guitar, showing very personal versions of Ary's sambas.

A real luxury 1959—Men Brasil Brasileiro (c/Orquestra CDs: de Ary)—Odeon. The orchestra of Ary 1993-0 Mais Brasileiro dos BrasileiBarroso, one of the best that Brazil ever had, with arrangements by the genius. Leo ros—Reviyendo. For who has come to the Peracchi. This record is unbelievable for end of the original recordings of Ary's various reasons. Just two are the stupen- time, this is the ticket. Ary 's best songs, dous recording quality and the arrange- recorded between the end of the 1920s and ment on "Na Baixa do Sapateiro"—very the 1940s. Just the legendary recording of ahead of its time and enough to make Stan "Aquarela" with the arrangement by Kenton envious. As a bonus, this record Radames is worth the purchase. But this has dry swing of Ary's piano playing. The CD has much more. It's second best, after record has one or two worn out choruses, Ary Amoroso 1995—Songbooks Ary Barroso (three but they are things of the 1950s separate CDs)—Lumiar.

1962—Dois Amigos: Ernani Beautiful series of CDs. They Fl/ho Canto Ary Barroso— have the best in popular BraOdeon. Ernani was one of the zilian music, from Tom Jobim biggest friends that Ary had and Dorival Caymmi to Dino at the end of his life. Much Sete Cordas and Carmen younger, he was fruitlessly Costa, singing a repertoire nurtured by the older man. from Ary's well-known stanBut, he didn't sing had dards to some of his almost 19??—Aquarela do sump!, CAteAlt unknown songs, with arrangeAry's songbook by Gal Costa.

Caidas sings Ary ments done by the best in the Re-released on CI), it's masterpiece of good taste. Gal opted for business, It should be a part of any music the modern side of the composer, with collection. It is one of Lumiar's best works.

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Lyra in a totem position, Ary hovering on top of everyone. And Ary didn't get tired of praising the boys. Actually, what they were doing didn't stop being samba. It was new and sophisticated, but samba. It didn't have anything to do with the sticky boleros and guarcinias and that the music of the time was immersed in and that made the almost already old composer feel hopeless.

But the fact of nurturing the new movement didn't help in being successful. Because of his furious fight for authors' rights, radio programmers were, more than ever, boycotting his music. When he saw that this was happening, Ary as usual, kept talking, so, the boycott grew. But this didn't stop him. He continued working a lot and drinking bottles of whiskey in his nightly travels. Not to mention that he was sleeping an average of four hours a night. "The doctor told me to drink whiskey with soda, and moderately. I drink it straight. And almost with moderation". Little by little, his health was crumbling. One day, in the bathroom of a nightclub, he arrived at the sad conclusion: "when I arrived in Rio, I wrote my full name--Ary Evangelista Barroso—with a piss in the sand in Copacabana. Now, I can't even move a mothball."

A box of Black and White to whom can visualize the word cirrhosis entering the story. From 1961 on, there were three long years of difficult crisis and long convalesces. But Ary was still full of happiness. It was the night of February 9th, 1964, the eve of the military coup, and Imperio Serrano samba school was entering the avenue, with the theme "Aquarela do Brasil", in homage to the greatest preJobim composer. Only they paraded in mourning and late. They started at 10:00 p.m. At 9:50 a telephone message let them know that Ary had just been struck by a heart attack. The homage had been too much emotion for an already troubled body. Foolish irony.

Translated by Barbara Maglio, who can be reached at 70674.2143@compuserve.com Arthur de Faria, the author, a journalist, writer and musician from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, may be contacted at 107.1@ulbra.tche.br

BRAZZIL - JULY 1997

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