Brazzil - Year 6 - Number 110 - February 1995

February 1995

0,

ECONOMY: NOW PRIVATIZATION IS FOR REAL 201.1

THE START OF A NEW ERA

CAR DOSO YEARS BEHAVIOR: PLAYING BINGO WAITING FOR CASINOS

TRAVEL: CEARA - A LAND OF COWBOYS AND FISHERMEN

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4 NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

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' -7

!

This issue might be called The Perils of Being Fernando. Brazil has elected two Femandos in a row for the presidency. The first one, the Collor, arrived on the tail of a typhoon vowing to end corruption and make Brazil join the first world. He didn't resist much and ended up making history, becoming the first Brazilian President to be impeached.

There are all kinds of Femandos.

The new one, the Cardoso, came almost unnoticed riding a morning breeze. In his pocket, no menaces, no shocks, no

8

• surprises. Fernando Hernique Cardoso, Fernando the Sociologist, has been presiding Brazil since January 1. Even against the bureaucracy and some ministries that he had promised to implode, Fernando the Peace Maker decided to take his time, in order to avoid any trauma.

Fernando the Wise wanted a cabinet of luminaries, but he is learning fast that in the world of politics you compromise here if you wish to get there. And Fernando the Diplomat has many lofty goals.

It is not easy being Fernando, the Cardoso kind anyway. The expectations surrounding his administration are so high that he'd better be Fernando the Miracle Maker. If he fulfills all the dreams he has created he wouldn't be doing

more than his obligation. But he fails here and there is doubtful that any pardon would be forthcoming. • The other Fernando has also been back in the news. The Supreme Court has concluded that he is innocent of the charges of corruption. The decision has provoked a collective 'Oh, no!' all over the country. And when people thought Collor was broke and depressed, he surprised the world going skiing in Aspen, Colorado, followed by a tour of Europe. All of this, just a few weeks after the sudden death, in New York, of Pedro, the brother whose indiscretions caused his fall from the presidency, and while the Mello's matriarch continues in a two-year comma. Many tragedies are written with less pathos.

R.M.

CONTENTS

29 Conto

Cover

The Cardoso era starts

One by Edla Van Steen

11

34

Weber is king

Visa lottery rules

16

35

Inauguration address

Cover: Fernando H. Cardoso

18

DEPARTMENTS

All the president's men

22 Brasilia's new style

23 Back to the Alvorada

25 Privatize now

NeWS"BRINZII:

6 Rapidinhas 14 Letters 44 Brazilian Notas 46 The Cultural Pulse 47 Por ai 49 Classifieds 50 U.S.A. Calendar 52 That's Brazilian

Getting ready for casinos

37 The boy from Rio

39 Travel

Ceara, much more than sun and sand

42 Let's sambalanco

54 Collors' farce and tragedy

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5

RAP11311YHR5 , All businesswoman "Joyce Maria da Ciinceicao , wants now is to forget. If only she could stop thinking about having eaten a liver casserole in a restaurant in the city of Campinas, state of Sao Paulo. It took sometime until she discovered that the plate she had enjoyed so much was human liver, the liver of Cicero da -.' Si!vain mechanic who had been'shotand knifed dead.

Contractor Uliiratan de ..;,114enezes. the alleged sold his .enemy's ,-1Iver-to,lt - restaurant owner, claiming that it was , s rom a• deer. He was one of the patrons \\ ho tasted the human delicacy. As for Joyce, although still :-shocked, she never considered foul play. "The , taste of'a -man's liver is -similar to the one from _animals like a cow or a chicken," she confided'• ere weren't enough ini)laints against abus,s;:batterers and molestrs, including a rapist who has already attacked 35 ,women in the federal capital, Brasilia's Woman Care Department has been .help catch a, tkert rapist And how '-ai9ase like that end up epartment7 iékorMenezes. the .;."directOr of the center answeis. "He was seen in a :chicken coop in Lago Sul n,upscale area) where lie nily,sat on a stone and

then raped three biôkeb which eventually- die This tUtpredicta nianiac4ho mightstar attacking WO meivan . time. And how to lop mup? Sinceit cannot fat ra

Vera Fisher

Behavior

Prime-time breasts They come in all shapes and sizes and are shown always by pairs, anytime after 8:00 PM on Brazilian TV. They are naked breasts and their presence on the little screen has never been more frequent or more guiltless. Since the end of censorship in the late '80s, Brazil's TV honchos have been relaxing moral standards to make them conform to a more liberated public (some would say that's the other way around, with television imposing its own morality).

On Globo's daily 8:00 PM novela (soap opera) alone, two actresses are always finding an excuse to go topless.

The half-naked beauties of Patna Alinha (Country of Mine) are former Miss Brazil Vera Fisher and model Isadora Ribeiro. Both of them have been on the cover of the Brazilian Playboy, with generous helpings of themselves inside too.

There would be more nudity and bedroom scenes if it weren't for the fact that so few actresses are willing to expose themselves, complain TV producers. To avoid such refusals in the future, more and more models, who have learned to do away with their inhibitions, have been hired to pose as performers.

As for exposed nipples and breasts, children and adults alike love them, according to the TV station's own surveys.

Any viewer complaints? Only from some women who accuse the producers of bias for only showing firm and perfect breasts, unattainable for the common inwela watcher.

tartin BrãzjjWjflbdbl&o ridetotanternet's highway, joining million people already, the road. tIntillt?inerniie' when,thAnceti' Internet was,t ofienitoiOO clientsi eXpe'rirlienta hese1TviCe41ad-,‘<, ptIvilege of a fe" universities and b' companies. Fronfi: Embratel;Ihe4eleeo nications rnonopCi already senditf,g,its Internet signals to the planet at large.

Its summer and'onee, more Brazilians arc gain crazy about ice cream, Look at some of, the,. v arieties being offeredff' '95: cookie; apple kiwi, filbert; marginta musk.'in, thF ethyli& line there are wIlike and piacc Athdicrai to. a diliesa its ownPiled, like cirnesi tangerine ice-cram youw:Tr stifib

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Ind some' stra

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NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

Words

Rio's slang du jour

Representative Luis Eduardo Magalhaes promises to end a perk tha gives every federal legislator a monthly round-trip ticket from Brasilia to Rio. The practice started when the capital had to move and many representatives had to deal with unfinished business in the marvelous city. Only the move has happened 35 years ago.

Salomon Brothers, one of the world's biggest investment banks, has recommend that its clients transfer their investments from Mexico to Brazil. If the advice is heeded, $5 billion in fresh funds might arrive in Brazil this year.

The best American cowboy is now a Brazilian vaqueiro. Adriano Moraes, from MatAo. Sio Paulo state, not only won the Las Vegas National Final Rodeo, the most important rodeo in the US, but also was able to mount all his ten bulls without ever falling. Only two Americans had achieved such feat before: Jim Sharp in 1988 and Norman Curry in 1990.

Answering an NBC reporter who wanted to know why there was an explosion of sales at New York's Bloomingdale's, a

NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

Aluguel barato - (cheap rent) embarrassing situation Broinha - (little corn bread) young girl Dar um boot - send away • Estou agulhado - I have a date Estou bucado - (from book) I have an appointment Intuiu? - did you dig it?

Lixo atomico - (atomic trash) something or someone undesirable Pirou na maionese - He or she became crazy Estou rendido - I'm in a no-win situation Tinta fresca - (fresh paint) young girl, broinha Urutu - (Army tank) power. Since the Army took over thclavelas (slums), whoever has a problem says, "Chama o Urutu" ("Call the Urutu")

Summer

A bashful tanga Their mothers invented it in the '70's and made Ipanema famous throughout the world. The invention was almost invisible to the naked eye, big enough to cover some strategic spots on a woman's anatomy. Now, the daughters decided they also wanted the so-celebrated tanga.

Swimming suit manufactures unprepared for the occasion, had to scramble to meet the demand. In this way, a 1990's version called the tanga Ilwas released. Gone is the novelty factor, gone also the daring.

The new tanga is better behaved than its parent and consumes more cloth, still not enough to make a decent handkerchief.

manager answered: "Brazilian tourists." In the last two weeks of 1994 alone, 25,000 tourists have flown from So Paulo to New York, the immense majority to shop. With the valuation of the real vis-àvis the dollar, a tourist package to New York is cheaper than one to the Northeast. And there is all this status stuff.

Cien Anos de Criatividad — Latin American Women Artists, an exhibit of Latin American art that will travel throughout the US this year, has seven Brazilians — from a total of 40 artists — included in it. They are Tomie Ohtake, Lygia Clark, Leda Catunda, Mira Schenck', Jac Leirner, Tarsila do Amaral and Anita Mafalti, all of them heavyweights. The Milwaukee Art Museum is behind the colorful feast.

Arguably the greatest poet the Portuguese language ever had, Portugal's Fernando Pessoa was also a gifted ad maker. This surprising revelation is in 65 Years of Advertising, a book just released in Portugal by the McCann Erickson ad agency.

According to the book, Pessoa came up with the first slogan Coca-Cola adopted in the country.

"Primeiro estranha-se, depois entranha-se" ("First you wonder, then it gets to you,) was the bard's creation.

7

The FHC era

Fernando Henrique Cardoso's presidency has been launched. The President, whom many consider the most qualified leader of any nation in the world right now, is starting his administration at full speed, as if to catch up with the times and make up for the 80s, the so-called "lost decade". The mood in Brazil is one of unbridled optimism. Hopes are high.

Everybody is expecting him to seize the moment and run.

For Cardoso there are only two alternatives: to be the biggest leader the country ever had, or to be a failure.

EMERSON LUIS Never has a Brazilian president started his job surrounded with such a capital of admiration and hope. Fernando Henrique Cardoso, the 38th president of Brazil, came to power in a landslide with 34,377,198 votes (54.3% of the valid ballots) ,about 5 million and a half more than all his five opponents together. A Gallup Institute survey in 45 countries revealed that Brazilians are the people most optimistic about 1995. More than 68% of the country declared their optimism. The Northern Irish, who ended a 25-year period of guerrilla war, came a close second with 67%.

This in a country where according to the latest UN Report of Human Development, the richest 20% make 32 times more than the poorest 20%. Brazil is in 63rd place in this list of 173 nations.

Besides, 20% of the population is illiterate (compare this to 5% in

Argentina) and a Nordestino (from the Northeast) makes 40% less than a Paulista ( from Sao Paulo) or Gaucho (from Rio Grande do Sul).

Having said that Brazil is not a Third world country but an unjust country, Cardoso presents making the nation a little more just as his principal challenge. His inauguration speech was incisive, "We want to sweep hunger and misery from Brazil's map." And he added, "If it is necessary to end the privilege of a few to make justice, I will be on the side of the majority."

Many observers have compared Cardoso's presidency to Juscclino Kubitschek's (1956-1961) era, a time when Brazil dared to dream.

JK, as he is frequently referred to, launched his Plan of Goals under the slogan '50 years in 5,' and started the automotive industry in the country. He was also the one who, in three years. built from scratch the city of Brasilia, Brazil's capital. The parallels with JK start with the use of the initials to designate Fernando Hcnrique Cardoso, who is routinely called FHC by the press. This use of initials is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;'ery rare in Brazil.

Despite all Cardoso's popularity, not more than 20,000 went to the streets for the inauguration celebrations in Brasilia, when at least 30,000 had been expected Compare this, however, with the reception that Brazil's first civilian president. Paulista Prudente de Moraes, had in Rio for his inauguration and you will see that Cardoso has nothing to complain about. When Moraes came by train from Sao Paulo, on November 2, 1894, the only person waiting for him at the Central station was a friend. Moracs collected all his luggage and went to a hotel. The day of the inauguration, not having any means of transportation to go to the ceremony, he had to use the services of a carriage in bad shape pulled by two old horses also in bad shape. That was the price Moraes had to pay for being in opposition to the departing administration.

Inaugurated on January 1st, Fernando Henrique wasn't in the opposition. However, he became the first opponent to the military regime, which ruled Brazil for more than two decades, to lead the country. Considered to be subversive and unfit to teach, his imprisonment was sought by the military soon after they took power in April, 1964, forcing the sociologist to go into exile in Chile. He came back to Brazil four years later, but was compulsorily retired from his job as professor of Political Science at USP Universidade de Sao Paulo. It is not only with the last three decades that Cardoso will be trying to catch up. There will be several adjustments to be made.

Starting with president Gettilio Vargas (1951-1954) Brazil has been more or less isolated from the rest of the world and the state has assumed control of many activities administered by the private sector..

It has been a long journey through the ideological spectrum for this 63 year old, who was born in Rio but moved to Sao Paulo at age eight. The same man who used to organize meetings for studying the writings of Karl Marx, after ending his farewell speech to the Senate where he had worked since 1983, was approached by a PFL member, a party of the right with which he had to ally himself, who told him, "Now you are one of us." World famous in the intelligentsia circles for his work in sociology, the Stanford and Sorbonne professor only became a popular politician after unveiling his economic plan as Itamar Franco's Finance Minister.

ONE MISTAKE AND YOU ARE OUT - As a politician FHC has also proved to be a fast learner, metamorphosing himself from a diplomat incapable of uttering a 'no,' into a very strict administrator.

He explains the quick change, "As an intellectual and a legislator, I had theses to present, proposals to discuss, ideas to debate. The university and the Congress are not places for categorical `no's.' On the other hand, the presidency has no time to waste with idle discussions." As for his team of ministers, he confessed, "It's the possible team," hinting that the composition would be rather different if he didn't have so many electoral debts to repay.

However, his influence was apparent throughout the selection process, even when it was time to choose names for the second echelon. "No one was indicated for important posts in the financial area without my endorsement," he boasted.

Is he now going to be interfering in the work of his aides? He answers, "To govern is to acknowledge competence. The president doesn't need to administer details, as important as they might be, when other people can be in charge of them." But there will not be margin for mistakes. "If a minister fails he will be immediately replaced," Cardosowarns.

FHC himself seems to believe that finally Brazil will be deserving of Austrian novelist and essayist Stefan Zweig's book, who in 1941 wrote "Brazil, Country of the Future".

Brazilian themselves have been complaining of doing for so long what's said in its national anthem, "eternally laid in a splendid cradle". The little problem there is that the new President has sworn to uphold and defend a Constitution that he himself spurns, despite the fact that he contributed to its shaping. One of his main goals will be to rewrite it and to complete in not more than six months.

To govern the way he wants.

Cardoso knows that he must keep the Plano Real, which took him to Palacio do Planalto, alive and well. That will be a hard and painful process, however, since the plan counts for its survival on the introduction of new legislation and on the rewriting of the constitution itself. To tinker with the constitution, the president needs 3/5 of the House of Representatives' members on his side.

Alliances and the granting of second and third echelon posts seem to have given him this impressive and necessary majority.

FHC doesn't want to repeat the same mistake of the other president Fernando, the Collor de Mello, who ended up impeached and who dreamed of establishing direct contacts

Fernan o and Ruth Cardoso

with society without having to deal with parties and politicians. Everything seems to be in his favor. Just in case, while he can't see a concrete proof of his supporters' fidelity, Cardoso intends to govern by decree.

Utilizing MPs (Provisional Measures), the same instrument that was used to create the Plano Real, the president intends to push his agenda immediately even without the consent of the Congress. The MP was created by the 1988 Constitution, which says in Article 62 that this measure can be used by the president "in case of relevance and urgency."

The wording is vague enough to allow measures like the one taken by Collor de Mello, who used the MP to freeze banking accounts at the start of the Collor Economic Plan.

MPs have to be re-issued every 30 days, but this hasn't been a problem for the Real, which has been maintained from MP to MP

The barefoot way of life is out.

In Intellectual talk Pizzeria Casteldes (in S. Paulo) Croissant Opera Tea Concerts Weber, Marx Carnaval in Ubatuba Paulistas International trips Whiskey.

Etiquette Kasper House

Out Idle talk Brazdo Barbecue (in Minas Gerais) Cheese bread Boleros Coffee on thermos A movie at home The comic strip Rio Carnaval Mineiros A trip home Draft beer Lack of protocol Forrest Gump

since June.

NO CHANGE, THAT'S THE CHANGE - Opposition to Cardoso became very diluted after his alliance with the PFL (Liberal Front Party), a rightist body. The leftist PT (Workers' Party) promises to be in the opposition, but Cardoso has been one of the inspirers of the party since its inception. Curiously Cardoso, assumes the presidency as the successor of himself. It was his Plano Real that gave new life to a government that seemed destined to doom and made him into a known politician. Those aides who are closest to Cardoso say that Franco, the former president who left office with a record 88% index of popularity, didn't make his successor but that Cardoso made his predecessor.

The recent economic earthquake in Mexico and the brusque devaluation of the peso has shaken some convictions even inside Cardoso's kitchen cabinet, although for public consumption they continue to present themselves with big smiles and rosy projection charts. Brazil is no Mexico, they say, pointing to the $40 billion the country owns in exchange reserve and a 4.5% projected GNP growth forthis year.

It's true that inflation was still 2.19% for the month of December, very little when you know this index was 40% six months before.

Only during this month of February will the Cardoso team be able to show how strong is the conviction of its new allies.

The new Congress will have to vote troublesome questions such as changes in Social Security, a revamping of the tax collecting system and the opening of state communications, energy, and oil monopolies - to private capital.

The big change in Brasilia these days is that there is no change. Presidencies have become famous for their explosive and unexpected measures called "impact packages". It was through one of these packages, for example, that Collor de Mello, started his govern-

10 NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

ment with a boom, freezing prices and the savings of the country. The fear of these measures was feeding a frenetic dance of inflation, since the merchants wanted to be prepared for the next surprise, remarking their prices according to this expectation.

With Cardoso, Brazil starts what's been called the Era of the Process. No more secret plans.

Everything should be done under the sun and in the sight of everybody. In this new spirit, the cabinets weren't cut to pieces as feared by the coming administrative reform. Only two ministries were summarily trimmed. However, a real novelty is that there aren't ministers at Palacio do Planalto anymore. Fernando Henrique has decided that the chiefs of the civilian and military staff as well as the General Secretary of the Presiâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; dency and the Chief of the SAE (Strategic Matters Secretary) will not have a minister glued at their names anymore. For some tasks at least, the President seems to think that he will have enough time. December 31, 1998, will be Cardoso's latest day in office, unless the rules of reelection are changed and he gets another shot at the presidency.

In a sample of things to come, the President imposed his personal touch starting with the celebrations of his inauguration. More than 300 of the guests to the inauguration party, including 13 foreign personalities, were chosen or selected directly by Cardoso. It was also the president's idea to have a popular music show atpraca dos Tres Poderes, the place where the buildings for the executive, legislative and judicial powers are situated.

THE AMERICANS AS MODELS - Fernando Henrique even chose the musicians who participated in the spectacle, including Bahiana (from Bahia) singer sensation Daniela Mercury and a chorinho band. He also decided that the dress code for his party was full formal, meaning that men needed a tuxedo and women a long dress. As for the president, he didn't make any special tuxedo for the occasion. It was the same that he had worn in December during a reception given Latin American leaders in Miami by President Bill Clinton during the Americas' SumNEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

More power to Weber There is a thinker in particular who has influenced the mind of the new Brazilian President. It's Max Weber, a believer in politics as a higher calling.

ELMA LIA NASCIMENTO There has been a run to the bookstores in Brazil in search of works by Max Weber (1864-1920), a somewhat obscure German political economist who is also the individual who made sociology a science. In his book Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Weber showed how Calvinist ideas made capitalism possible. He has jumped to fame in the last few weeks, ever since a sociologist named Fernando Henrique Cardoso became President of Brazil, revealed how much he was influenced by Weber and started to cite him. Now there are many people interested in knowing the thinker who had such an impact on Cardoso, who also studied two other German thinkers: Karl Marx and Karl Mannheim..

Weber, who helped to write the Constitution of the Weimar Republic, defended the use of ethics, a strong parliament, democratic transparency and was in favor of politics as a calling.

Commenting on the author, FHC said, "Until now I haven't heard of any more ingenious solution than the one he found: the ethics of the politician cannot be the ethic of the end justifying the means. We need what he calls the 'ethic of responsibility'."

"Fernando Henrique doesn't have a so-emphatic vision of social conflicts as it happens with Karl Marx," noted professor Ruben Keinert from USP's (University of Sao Paulo) School of Sociology, in an interview to Jornal do Brasil. "He is much more Weberian, conciliatory." Florestan Femandes, the professor who taught Cardoso the first ideas of Weberianism, explains: "Weber described how the German state was formed and fought to introduce innovative systems in society. He even foresaw the risks brought to socialism by bureaucratization. He was also committed to social reform, something today's liberals have forgotten."

-Fernando Henrique's statement that he intends to talk with the panics and not with the politicians in particular is no doubt influenced by Weber's thoughts," says former USP's professor Mauricio Tragtenberg, who has been reading Weber since he was 15. Talking about parties, Cardoso recently told his fellow colleagues in the senate, "The building of our democracy wouldn't be up if it weren't for politicians with capital "p" in the Congress."

Cardoso has already talked abont his affinity with a Weber text called Parliamentarisin and Government in a Rebuilt Germany. He went back to the theme in his good-bye speech to the Senate: "There's no strong democracy without a strong parliament." Despite having accepted to dispute a presidential election, FHC is a parliamentarist by conviction.

Weber's abomination of bureaucracy was echoed by the President, when he said recently, "You have to separate public authority from business concerns." According to Weber, politicians should have two ethics: conviction and responsibility.

Cardoso has shown himself to have the same belief when he noted, "There is no use for you to be convinced of the truth. In your gesture, in your act, you have to calculate the gestures of others because you are responsible for what's going to happen."

11

Phrases: "Fernando Hentique will have two yearS of hard work to stabilize the economy. His biggest challenge will be related to the budget. The problem is to know how he is going to organize his support in Congress to balance the budget."

(Brazilianist Thomas Skidmore)

"In the first year, the new president will consume his energies in the process of economic stabilization. This opportunity given Fernando Henrique occurs only once in a generation His has been privileged because it will have a second chance. The first was wasted with the Cruzado Plan. The big task of the president will be to reform the public sector, which is suffering a worrisome process of degeneration. (Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca, economist from USP (University of Sao Paulo).

Fernando Henrique's project like Tuscelino Kubitschek's plan, has a long-term strategic vision.

The new President's proposal, however, is more realistic, more integrated with the international

-

economy. His government will have social justice as a stamp. Internally and externally, political and economic conditions are favorable. (Bolivar Lamounier, political scientist) "The president's big challenge will be to reconcile political democracy with social democracy.

He assumes the power surrounded by an optimism that recalls the euphoria ofJuscelino Kubitschek's era. JK implanted a highly inflationary developmental cycle.

Fernando Henrique will be forced to take a different track." (Maria Victoria Benevides, Social Sciences professor at USP) "It's not with Fernando Henrique that Brazil is going to work.

They want to make a Europe of Brazil but Brazil is not Europe.

The new government feeds itself from the Paulistana (from Sao Paulo city) elite's concept of modernity. Contrary to Europe, Brazil hasn't yet solved grave problems. It's 'a country still in the process of building its own identity." (Luiz Werneck Vianna, political scientist)

tamar Franco hands over the power.

toil. It was the same tuxedo worn on so many other occasions. The outfit had been in Cardoso's closet for close to two years. He had ordered it from a Rio tailor after l?eing named Foreign Minister by former President Itamar Franco.

The tuxedo was made with a piece of cloth given to Fernando Henrique by a friend, what serves to confirm his fame as very restrained when he has to spend his , own money.

He rejected the idea of his aides that he stay at a separate table and opted instead for a buffet service where he could circulate freely among the around 5,000 guests.

It's also curious that a man who has been called an atheist chose to participate in a religious ecumenical ceremony in the Cathedral of Brasilia, a practice that his more religious predecessors had abolished.

Cardoso also ended up inheriting a crucifix from his predecessor. After having removed his mother's and two daughters' pictures from the desk drawers, hamar Franco. under the eyes of Cardoso, tried to pull out a wood crucifix nailed to the wall that he had been given by a friend.

"Fernando," he said, "I've tried everything to pull out this crucifix, but I haven't been able to."

The soon-to-be President. shook his head with resignation. "It's OK. Leave it there. It will be

better this way,- he said.

The new President is taking more than a few hints from the American presidency. He has prohibited a common practice among the broadcasting media that used to place microphones with their station's logos. From now on, only official microphones with no identification will be allowed.

In another bow to American practice, the President will talk officially in a tribune displaying the arms of the Republic and only will enter the scene at the scheduled time and after everyone is already in place.

The reporters will have to present themselves, telling their names and the company they work for.

Cardoso says that he will make speeches and statements only when necessary and will not talk when this might scare the country. "Brazil is tired of alarms." But he promises regular press conferences. "I think this contact with the press is very important. They will be more to explain, to tell why the President did something and not something else."

In what promises to be very controversial and hard to enforce, the new president is starting a revolution in the way politicians are treated by the administration. Fernando Hen-

12 NEVVS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

rique has declared that he will not receive representatives or senators in audience.

Former president Jose Sarney used to reserve Thursday mornings to receive politicians for what has been called the "president's hand kissing."

Cardoso's contact with the parties will happen through their leaders, during a weekly meeting, when the presidents of the parties will be able to present the requests of the legislators. The idea is to strengthen the parties and end up with the pork barrel by retail.

THE FOLKSY SIDE OF A GREAT MIND - In his first week as President, Cardoso had a hint of how hard politicians can play when dissatisfied. In a blackmail scheme, the senators dragged their feet for more than a week threatening to not confirm Persio Arida, the President's choice for President of the Central Bank, unless there was an amnesty for Humberto Lucena, the leader of the Senate who has been impeached by the Superior Electoral Tribunal. Lucena, who was considered guilty of illegally using the Senate printing facilities, was reelected to the Senate last October, but will not be able to resume his legislative post. Cardoso decided not to be intimidated by the threat and ended up winning this first arm-wrestling match.

However, his biggest challenge could be in his own cabinet. Contrary to admonitions made by Fernando Henrique, his ministers were publicly venting their disagreement with each other.

He also had to intervene directly when his Communications minister, Sergio Motta, attacked Roberto Marinho, owner of Globo network, considered the most powerful man in Brazil.

The sophisticated intellectual also has his folksy side. According to his cook — Paraibana (from the state of Paraiba) Therezinha Barbosa de Morais, 47, who has been with the Cardosos for 17 years — the president's favorite dessert is fried banana with sugar and cinnamon. Fernando Henrique, who likes to eat well, has always fruit for breakfast. For

lunch and dinner, he appre iates pasta and meat. However, like fo er American President George Bu .h who refused to eat broccoli, Cardo o will pass when facing such vegetabl s as okra or e the size filo (a green and-bindle' of a small tomato).

At _63, FHC has been su ject to six surgeries: hernia of the dia hragm, appendicitis, gall bladder, t nsils, and two eyelid liftings. At ho e, Cardoso is known to help occasi nally with little chores like cleaning he table or straightening up the mess 1 ft by visiting grandchildren. But don't ask him to wash the dishes. Accordin to friends, Fernando Henrique seems ore like a British dad than a Brazili n one. He was always liberal, allowi g his Chil-

dren — Paulo Henrique, Luciana and Beatriz — when young, to come home late at night. However, he isn't the kind who shows affection in public. About his courtship and marriage with anthropologist Ruth Cardoso, it has been said that they always seemed more like two friends than a couple in love. "In more than 20 years, I have never seen Fernando with any of his children on his lap," says friend Jose Gregori.

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Jacyra Betto Los Angeles, California SERGIO HAS BEEN HERE "ours is a very in ormative pus icanon. Keep Up the great work. By the way, an interesting interview would be with Sergio Mielmczenko who works for the Brazilian consulate in Los Angeles, besides doing a radio program on KPFK. He could tell some music history, I'm sure.

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for covering a variety of actual subjects about our Brazil.

I particularly liked the 1994 presidential election. By the way, are you going to talk about the trial of Fernando Collor? [heard that he wasn't considered guilty.

Octdvia Moy San Francisco, California ii INTEREST IN... ease renew my su scnption or a second year. What a great magazine!

I'm especially interested in the history of Santa Teresa/Rio and Rio Carnaval, and the music of Bezerra da Silva, Zeca Pagodinho and Gal Costa, among many others.

I would love to see future articles on any of these. I'd also like to find videotapes of capoeira and CDs/cassettes of capoeira music.

Tony Holiday San Francisco, California LOVE THE GIFT am getting your News rom Brazi as a gift from a friend and received my first issue last month. I love it.

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Terry and Maria Brown Bothell, Washington

My last dark rainy hour in southern Brazil was spent at the Porto Alegre airport. I was killing time in the airport's small paste/aria (pastry shop) when three children approached, gave hesitant smiles and asked for my spare change.

With the help of my dictionary, paper, pencil and enthusiasm, we exchanged ideas for half an hour. They were curious about the States and I was interested in their lives. After we talked I pulled out my change, about one real ($1.20) and divided it up. The children thanked me and smiled good-by.

When I went to the pope/aria (stationary) the three. children were in the store looking at the toys. I took some sheets of paper, and went to the cashier..

The bill was 30 centavos (cents) and had only a 10 real note.

The store's cashier was quite disgusted with me because of the amount she had to return as change and a serious discussion began. One of the children, with a knowing smile on his face, walked up to the cashier and paid my bill.

Chris Fields I really enjoy your periodical. Keep Davis, California up the good work. Enclosed is a money CONDOMS FOR BAHIA order for $6 for a two-year subscripaniava wi start soon (Fe.ruary tion. Unbelievable price!

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Bob Masse We will be carrying the last shipPearl City, Hawaii ment of condom bracelets to Salvador BREAK A LEG on February 17. Meetings have already Born sucesso! I look orward to each been planned with major organizations am renewing my subscription Tór informative issue of your magazine. in Salvador which are very interested in one more year. I have enjoyed your exthe project.

Frank Krakowski cellent magazine for six months. Thanks Berkeley, California Your donation will make a few more MIR NM MINII 11•11 MO NMI OM.. ......... young people aware of how to protect themselves from unplanned pregnancies and the alarmingly high spread of AIDS. Our address: LARFPC - PO Box 76967, Los Angeles, CA 90099-5608 Lori Miller and Rhonda Brown NOW, YOU HAVE NO EXCUSE! Venice, California Mail to REFRESHING COUNTRY enjoy eac issue o News rom News from'Brazil - P.O. Box 42536 - Los Angeles, CA 90050-0536 Brazil with delight. I am a short wave For information:i(213) 255-4953 listener and hoped for an article on short wave. Your column "Digging 0 I'll take 1 year (12 issues) fifr just 250 an issue.

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NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

arrogance but absolute conviction'11 Not only beeatlie09ordrearOi has matured and Brazil has everything.t

DE $1You-O8slel!,who paintedtheir faces a4 1Pe9Ple'from,'InY generation, who have AqueSt'i,We'llaVe recovered euphoria dne to thetwo'good years wc -

this country ur,immense

RACY ver the stree the value o It's no

ig to,to make, Not because,of ' ,but see Brazil succeeding-- but because de. i ,tdh • ding cenegyi.,ofrsotiint, egjcader ter having emCcraori 1$1:0 question r anymore. I °4 11°0 , better ye better. Theni,..extone

o serious expert whe,predicts)for Bra it, period of growth.`The4nternat*t" d,l ng- else t bops , are favorable,The weight of the foreign , doesn't suffocate. He at home, our economy is like a healthy P rial zifter al''Iiing drought. (...) Our executives were able to innovate, they were 'le to rebuild their factories and offices, were able to overcome difficulties. fazilian workers were able to face the hardships or arbitrariness and rfeession and the challenge of the new , 4 °logics" The time arrived to grow and blossom ore important: today e4ktiow what the government has to do in The growth of the economy. And we will As, it-happens,''', , already , doing it.

THE,PREDECESSOR 9tit giving up a millimeter of our freedom, without breaking ag 'on. We owe this not only who those who won Brazilians' respect ' his simplicity

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N'GOAL

,social justice. This is the great challenge of ratil at the end of tis century. This will be the number one ;administration. (...) Like the movement for the abolition of slavery, he movement for reforms is not against ody. (.:.) But, contrary to Nabuco (Joaquirn Nabuco 1849-1910 writer and politician who dedicated his life belislvslavery in Brazil), for me it is very clear that my mandate caine frm the free vote of my fellow citizens, From the majority of them, independent of their social origin. But it alsosarne, and in a great amount, from the excluded ones; from those Brazilians who were paying the inflation bill without$my way to defend themselves. (..)Mine will be a government for eveiybody. But if we need to end the privilege of a fctrv to do justice to the immense majority razilians, have no doubt: I will be on the side of the majority,

OPEN ARMS oalsp see with satisfaction that there is an increase of in Brazil,fr other countries. Quickly, in pacewith 'thnm of communications and the opening of the Brazilian economy, we re leaving behind xenophobic attitudes, more effect than cause of our relative isolation in the past.

DEFENSE As the commander-in-chief of our Armed Forces, I will be attentive to their needs of modernization, so the can reach operational levels in conforniity with our strategic stature and with Brazil's international commitments. In order to :Otomplish this, I will entrust the Armed Forces with new duties besides those the already have. And I will determine the presentation of proposals, based on studies to be conducted in conjunction with the Navy, the Army and the Air Force, to achieve the gradual adaptation of our defense forces according to the demands of thefuture.

FOREIGN RELATIONS ew,111 value to the utmost the universal condition of our presence, politic ly as well as economically. A condition 16 NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

the a I r v Consti tion- and ' mobili ation,lof the pu intenti ris will die with e ' ways in order for society to artl APa n t e- ocess-of changes. Ve Braziliansare unite le eople. Let's make from this'serisltiv the sp ng for a great national self-helpwdr collect 'ye, uniting government anddomiittini in ord to sweep hunger and misery off Brazil' ap.

rationtc /ta _tiro raiimaAss 0t0 ti,.„nugr pwairgoth ipeatioentistbnetui, asrowgeA to sia m-;'Cif the Unified iirope,..NAFT potential such thdidentify 14 15 arag-I.V1 Africa. getting our internationalrelations with the out ' continent and countries' s11011 as China, Russia, India their continental dimension, face PI:°biemsslniilarto development. ocial he 'oil for an economc and s

GREAT BRAZIL ieVe that Brazil has a reserved RInFe tit the hex among the most successful countries 111 this planet. need-that the only important obstacles that We will ccupythis place comes from our internal imbalances, extreme disparities between regions and, Seda We know that the development of a .country on not measured bythe' amount 'of things it produces.

CHILDREN for decent lar °IIr et an s eni}'-f°11.11 ensure ov'ci‘-it;andon ur `-fui massae streets the putting an to the shahlefe tets 1.0,aiiife* citizc ren and youngsters. alai lucuhr razil ouncchei aogv p mua nr-thtic 61 ope, m, a ge

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"The FHC era

I the 2 president's men and one woman

ti Despite all his promises of a new ra in the way of doing politics, the cabinet set up by president Fernando Henrique ardoso, ended up being a compromise etweeiv his ideal crew and the one possible ,according to political circumstances, •

RODOLF0 ESPINOZA When the first official picture of Cardoso 's cabinet was taken, There were not only faces of Adib Jatene (the Health Minister) that the president had loudly wished for. Jatene, a doctor who was Health Minister during the Fernando Collor de Mello administration, has been used by FHC as a symbol of competence and expertise, Fernando Henrique ended up doing a job of political engineering with his high level personnel, in order to attain a ,greater good: majority in Congress.

In the process, the composition of the high echelons of 'government seemed like a remake of a film with the same actors of the original from 20 years ago, only in different roles. Cardoso promised a government of continuity. "It is a presidency of continuism," grumbled some sharp tongues. Minister Dorothea Werneck, for example, just went from one side to the other of the . table, leaving the camp of Labor Ministry employees and going to defend the employers in the Ministry of Industry and Commerce.

The cabinet composition reflects the alphabet soup that entered into the political smorgasbord, making possible such an impressive victory for Cardoso in the first round of the elections.

It confirmed the existing link between the PSDB (Party of the Brazilian Social Democracy), the president's party, and the PFL (Party of Liberal Front) and the PTB (Brazilian Laborite Party).

And it also made it possible to draw the biggest party, the PMDB (Party of the Brazilian Democratic Movement) into the President's fold: With the PSDB, PFL and PTB alone, Cardoso would be short 37 votes in the House, and 11 in the Senate.

The negotiations were not easy and at times FHC seemed ready to give up, as when he wanted to use his friend Nelson Jobim, who is from the PMDB in the quota of that party — for their help the parties were promised a determined amount of positions -- and ended up getting stoned by the peemedebistas.

Jobim got a job as Justice Minister, and after long negotiations with the PMDB, he also was counted on the party's quota.

In a cabinet supposedly without stars, Senator Jose Serra — he was elected to the senate with 6 million votes, in the same election that put Cardoso in Brasilia — chosen for the post of Minister of Planning has a position very close to a super minister. There was ,pressure from Sao Paulo industry to place him in that position, but it seems that Fernando Henrique made his decision based mainly on the President's long-term goals. All the Paulista (from Sao Paulo)'antipathy Serra has amassed in his own party for his 'sometimes dictatorial positions and for not attending to regional interests in the Northeast, was not enough to convince Cardoso not to use him.

As for surprises, the only big one was the selection of Pele as Extraordinary Minister of 'Sports. FHC explained the reasoning behind his choice: "Pele is the symbol of Brazil that worked and came from below." Thanks to this good shot. Cardoso won valuable free publicity all over the world.

Jose Serra (Planning), 52, from Sao Paulo. Senator, respected economist, had his name presented in past administrations for the Finance Ministry. Former UNE (National Students Union) president, was exiled with Cardoso in the 60's and helped to found the PSDB. Workaholic, he was a success as the Planning Secretary for Sao Paulo State.

Pedro Malan (Finance), 51, from Rio. Engineer with a Ph.D. in economics from Berkeley.

During the military regime was one of the main critics of the development model adopted at the time. A former negotiator of the Brazilian foreign debt, he was the president of the Central Bank during Hamar Franco 's administration.

Sergio Motta (Communications), 53, from Sao Paulo. Engineer, he is a successful executive who own Hidrobrasileira, a contracting company. Ex-leader of Acao Popular, a leftist Catholic organization that opposed the military regime. Personal friend and business partner of Cardoso, his presence in the cabinet was assured since he coordinated the victorious campaign of Fernando Henrique. Famous for his organizational capacity Paulo Renato Souza (Education), 49. from Rio Grande do Sul, but made career in Sao Paulo. Economist, former representative of Brazil before the Inter-American Bank of Development, everybody thought he would be Minister of Planning, but he ended up losing that post in the final stretch.

Personal friend of Cardoso for more than 20 years.

Adib Jatene (Health), 65, from Acre, but made career in Sao Paulo. World-renowned surgeon and cardiologist, he alienated himself from private hospital owners when Health Minister during Collor de Mello's administration He is the director of Sao Paulo's Instituto do Coracao (Heart Institute). Without party affiliation, he is a friend of Sao Paulo mayor Paulo Ma luf (on the right) and Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva from the PT --Worker's Party — (on the left), who was the presidential candidate defeated by FHC.

18 NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

ranciseo Correa Weffort '56;-frortr. Sao-Paulo.- Another at friendof Cardoso (for 39 years), As, one of the most important eologues of the PT: Sociologist and rOfessor of political sciences at-USP niversity of SAO Panic's), he has fit all his life, but is now defending !bigger participation of the private sector 'Ilind'Culturalsactivities:Surprise choice.

Oil'abitidoned the PT id-accept the post.

Reinhold Stephanes(Social Welre); 55, from Santa Catarina. Economist with specialization in Public Adnistration in Germany he occuiedthe same post during the Collor tninistratiOn.- From the PFL (Party of the Liberal Front) he was included 1106-'$iven the party for helping FHC win blIOn:tHe hag,been-elected four times as Parana stale. eseutative Raimundo Mendes de Brito •(Mines and Energy), 46, from Bahia.

Lawyer with specialization in Economics Law. From the quota of F'FL senator Antonio Carlos Magalh5es, who made life much easier for candidate Cardoso in the Northeast. He in charge of some of the most important iart ,State companies such as Petrobras, thg*td Companhia :Vale do Rio Doce.

- Jose Israel Vargas (Science and ethnology), 66, from Minas Gerais.

Chemist with a doctorate in nuclear physics, he is a professor at the Fedral University of Minas Gerais and was the president of the Science and Tedmology Committee of the Intertonal rganization of Work. He occupied sime-,position during Itamar F'ranco's adtistration .Gustavo Krause (Environment and Hydric Resources), 48, from Pernambuco. Finance Minister at the beginning of Itamar Franco administration, he was twice elected to the House of Representatives, but lost the dispute for governor of Pernam0:famous for his sense of humor, Krause is and has founded his own .-cdrhavale,s,co, arnaval band called I Adore Cellulite.

Odacyr Klein (Transportation), 51;from Rio Grande do Sul. Accountant and attorney, he was just getting ready to start his fourth mandate as a -HOUseRepresentativefor the PMDB. e comes to the cabinet in the quota fliis party. •Klein is an important ant-in the internal fight between two S-, hat have been tearing the PMDB apart. b'eeif.;, the leader of his party and the tor 'of human resources for Banco do Brasil. elsoolobim (Justice), 48, from Rio Grande . College professor and respected jurist, as the •relator of the failed constitutional NEWS from BRAZIL' FEBRUARY 1995

revision, last year., Also „from the PMDB, he ha 'beeit- a House'Representative twic : He, almost didn't get a place in the Cabinet', but Cardoso his good frien , was able'to convince, the PMDB16 now his inclusion in the quota the jarty.was entitled'.

Jose Eduardo., Andrade Vieira, ture), 56, front' Parana, Sucdessfuf -businessman, he is -the main-stoakholder of the mancial conglomerate' Bamerindus, t ó.thiid biggest BrainVieira was the Minian private b ister of Indus 'and Commerce Mir-ing Itamar F co 'S- administration, A Senator, he is also national president' of his party, the P : The --riiralists-,-fthm' -different parties, but a I with rural interests; have criticized his ind cation, saying, that Agriculture shouldn't be'i the hands of somebody' fiom the financial sectir • Luiz Fell' e tampréia (Foreign Relations), 53 from Rio. Career diplomat, he has worked in diplomatic inissions in G neva, Washington, the United Natio s, and he also was the ambassador i Lisbon, Portugal, from 1990 to 1992. He has announced that the Brazilian iplomacrhas started .a new era, one headed b what he calls "presidentiatdiplomacy."

Dorothea erneck(Industir an Commerce), 6, from Minas Gerais., Economist, w Ma Ph.D. from Boston College, she as Labor Minister char. ing the Jose S rney's administration, and Economy Secretary for President Collor de M lo. Werneck is'a very active memb r of the PSDB and , known , as askillful nego 'ator with free access anumg dustrial orga zations as well 'as, among labor unions. Farn us for' her, copious laughter and, sense of hum r. The only woman in theIcabinet.

Paulo de arso de AlmeidaPaiva (Labor). 52, fromMinas Gerais. With a degree in geography, his' specialization is demography, a subject he studied at University of -Pennsylvania where he got a Ph.D.. Secretary of Planning for fthe state of Minas, he was included in the cabinet thanks to the quota given to the • TB for participating in. the alliance to sup • • rt FI-1C; a:youngster, he was 11, member of e AcAo ,Popular Movement the ministers Jose Serra, ClOvi same as three other . Mbtt CarValbcf, an • Sergio son Arantes el eimento (Ex raordInary Sports), 54, rom Minas Gerais: The biggest surp se and the brightest star.: of the cabin t. During the inaugtira-„ tion festiviti s other ministers and foreign diplOrnats got in line, to get , his autograph on their invitations and Menus.

•Pele has a dMam, to be one day the President.

"king" is a success*fdl businessmanand

hass been dividing his time between Brazil

and New York, headquarters of his Fele Pro„motions. He intends to stimulate amateur sports, getting private funds for that Zenildo de Lueena (Army), 64, from Pernambuco. A four-star general (the peak on the military), he, continues in the post he is already occupying. Attuned with the several military-social missions the Army has been involved in lately, like the distribution of food for the poor and the occupation of Rio's favelas (slums). He is also considered very skillful in dealing with the internal affairs of the militaryincluding the very volatile salary quesMauro Cesar Rodrigues Pereira (Navy), 59, from Rio An admiral, he is considered oneof the brightest Navy officers of Brazil, never having had a mark less than 9.5 (10 being best) in all subjects, during Naval School, something that happens only every 30 Years.

'Known as an innovator who. likes to promote changes. He won the post in dispute with a owerful opponent, former ministerMario Cesar Flores.

MaurdMifairida Gandrl'a— (Air Force), 61, from Rio. He is the most senior Lieutenant Air Force Brigadier, the highest post in the Air Force. He combines the duties of Air Force Chief of Staff and chief of DAC (Department of Civilian Aviation). For a long time he has been campaigning for the modernization of FAD (Brazilian Air Force) and improvement of salaries for the military. He was the only ,military ” minister to win his post without an ,tniponent seeking the same position.

Benedito Onofre Bezerra Leonel (Joint Chiefs of Staff), 64, from Sao Paulo. A friend of Cardoso, he was also a natural pick for the post, since he is the general with more seniority in the Army. He can stay in the post only next year when he completes his 12th anniversary as a general and is compulsorily retired. His mission will be to convince the military brass of the importance of creating e Defense Ministry.

ClOvis Carvalho (Chief of Staff), 56, from Sgo Paulo. Engineer, he has had a successful career as high executive of private companies. He was the executive secretary of the Finance Ministry, during Itamar Franco adniinistraion. One of the creators of the real, he will e, one of the strongest figures in the new overnment. Fernando Henrique entrusted '..,:-.A,4,7Z;•

VMAIMte§Tv

him with the a iCulation among all the ministries. " "wil elny second," said Cardoso.

4 Clovisbas lie i'dn' extraordinary collaborator. Hehas:a4reat. capacity of coordination and getting peoide to do thi ngs." His name was also considered fat-the Finance Ministry.

Albert.o Mendes Cardoso (Ivii 1tary Cabinet),14, from SaoPaulo. i Brigadier-gene, al, ,for two years e was the executive 'sub-chief of the Military Cabinet. Besides the courses reqUir4c1 for his ,career, the military manthad specialization courses in XJrugluay!and was an instructor at the Military Acadqmy of Agulhas Negras. He is known for his diplomatic abilities during tough situations, " Luiz , Carlds Bresser Pereira (Administration 'ail e0R;afouilom.

Sta 5 frdom Department)„, 40;, Attorney and...economist, he was responsible for ilk failed Bresser Plan to end inflation and straighten out the economy When Finance Minister during Jose Sarney 's administration. Bresser Pereira was the treasurer of Cardoso's presidential campaign arid almost ended up being the Foreig seiiMaster.r, He takes his PSDB affili ation very' d sly, 'butioves to laugh .Cl.cernfde 4:Lueena (Regional Policies), 37, from Paraiba Paraib governor andA cousin of . senator Humberto 1.,-ucena,.the one who was impeached *fort printing campaign calendars at the senate printing shop.

From the PMDB,- his 'name didn't make the PFL or even some members of the PMIDE happy.1-te won a post refused by Krause, but he will be linked directly to the President.

Roberto Mtiyliert (Social Coni ,:" munication Department), 59, from Sa'o Paulo. Multi-talented: Engineer and professional journalist for 30 years. heals° 'had 'a specialization course on administration at Stanford and presided civer- the Sao Paulo Bienal, an international art expo. He was the founder of two economics magazines (Ifisifo., and Exame) and publisher of l'eja, one of they five biggest newsweelclies in the world: Muylaert is coining from directing, with great success, SAO Paulo's TV Cultura. His mission 's to unify the federal government communiations.

Ronald° Mota 'Sardenberg (Strategic Affairs Department), 54, from S5o Paulo. Graduated in juridical and social sciences, he is a career diplomat, who has served as ambassador in Moscow and Spain.

Former Brazilian ambassador at the United Nations, he takes over the intelligence service, intent on revamping it. His department might even be divided into two sectors, a foreign one and another domestic.

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

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The group created around ecl getting on Fernando HenriCardoso 's predecessor in Brasilia es''nerves for gobbling up too „was called Juiz de Fora Republic iichI3Ower, After a transition ,in a reference to the origin of hamar iieeting?FHC told Serjao, "Paulo -- Franco, a politician from Juiz de 'Renato is going too far.- That was Fora, a town from the state of Minas 'OdpassWord for Serjao to perform ; Gerais, and his provincial style s:bonncer work.

Before that, it had been the Alagoas 'Despite ending up at the EducaRepublic, the home state of imtion Ministry, a very important one peached President Fernando Collor in this administration, Souza is still de Mello. For the new politicians in ?starlii the new government. He has power, the press has already coined had a good taste Of poser, having the name of Vilaboim Republic. ',*worked in Washington as the direcIt's intended to show the degree 44or of the Inter-American Bank for ' of sophistication, cosmopolitanism %)3eve,lopinent. As, do many other and intellectualism the new admin*Cardosocollaborators, he abomiistration is believed to have. nates Brasilia and will try to main;Vilaboim is a square in the upscale tain sao'Paulo as his base. "Brasilia neighborhood of Higienopolis, Sao Paulo, breathes government all, the time," he says. where the Cardosos have a three-bedroom "There's no alternative." Souza has been a apartment worth $300,000. It was at the friend of Cardoso since the 60's when he met Vilaboim restaurants and bars — a piece of FHC at the house'of Jose Serra, in Chile. They Europe in Sa'o Paulo, according to those v,bo were all in exile,, waiting for the military furor frequent the square -- that the to calm down in Brazil.

FHC's gang had its meetings in Fernando Henrique will not have preparation for taking power. a secretary working directly with Despite their intellectual sophishim. His daily activities will be tication, in contrast with the Collor attended to by six military men entourage, this new leadership hates Ichovvn'ns ajudantes de ardent, ostentation, even though some doilble the number of aides required haven't resisted the temptation to -brhis- predecessor Itamar Franco. own an imported car when they Five of his advisors will have direct became easier to buy. They freaccess to the President: Press Secquent low profile parties, and they retary Aria Tavares, General Secrelike movies, theater and art gallertary'Eduardo Jorge, Private Secreies. As does Cardoso, they drink tary Francisco Grazziano, Chief of imported whiskey and wine but the Civilian Staff Clovis Carvalho,.. avoid beer. Most of them come from left field, and Chief of the Ceremonial Thlio Cesar Gomes after having opposed the military regime. dos Santos. They will all be in rooms very Some, like Sergio Motta, have even been guerclose tn'thePresident, NN hose office is on'the rilla apprentices, third ,flob&of Palacio do Planalto. From his Motta, an intimate friend of the TO6M; Cardoso has a panoramic President and the General Secre,'view of the so-called Planalto and tary of the PSDI3 (Party of the BraThe FHC era the Paranod lake. zilian Social Democracy), is the The presence of all these names Communications Minister and in the ministries means that the someone with unlimited access to President will be working, playing, the President. After directing the eating and sleeping the problems of electoral campaign that placed the country. They are all intimate Cardoso in the Palacio do Planalto. friends and at any time they might Serjao, as he is called by his friends, be 'called for a suggestion or they seems to be the most influential 2'4hernselves might hit the President aide to the President. Motta and WitIvan idea, plan or problem. senator Jose Serra, chosen to be Carvalho should participate in Minister of Planning, together with all decisions taken by Cardoso. His FHC himself, make up what a vicmission is to be the intermediary tim of their plots has called, -A between the President and the minMafia family who fight and milisters. He will have access to the The new royalty in power in cize each other but will become President's private elevator. Tofurious if anyone from the outside Brazil is the closest the gether with Eduardo Jorge and Plansays anything against anyone of country has ever been to a ning Minister Jose Serra, he will be them." participating in the daily 9 AM Camelot republic. Although Serjao is accused of conspiring meeting of the President with his to bring Serra to the Planning Minriursed on Lenin and Marx closest 'aides. istry, preventing economist Paulo milk, the new aristocracy is The President will also have a Renato de Souza, who seemed as:,'retinue' of support, including waitchic, bon gourmet and, sured to get the position, from asers and security personnel. Geraldo suming the post. According to one above all, literati. iSantos, for example, a waiter, will report, Souza, also a close friend of • The in charge of serving coffee, fruit the President, and the coordinator -juice and fruit salad to Cardoso ELMA LIA NASCIMENTO of Cardoso's electoral program, throughout the day. 3' 13tV ,

The nights of ilaboirn

22 NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

stpi e all the snobbery it was subjected to 1. in more than three decades of existence, 0 the Palacio da Alvorada Is getting again that 0 amorous air that n absent since, rs,t inhabitants, Kubitchecks he places 4

NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

In the history of the Brazilian republic, there have been three official residences for the President. Two of them arc in Rio, which was Brazil's capital until April, 1960. The first mansion, the Palacio das Laranjeiras, belongs today to the state of Rio, and the Catete was transformed into a museum. The third domicile, the Palacio da Alvorada, will finally return to its glorious days, as the First Family's official residence.

The palace was the first building to be erected in Brasilia, in 1958. Although one of the most beautiful and well-known postal cards of the capital, with its upside downarches, the work of Oscar Niemeyer has been consid red uninhabitable by most of the First Couples. Thi re have been two main complaints: the smell of food which spreads from the kitchen to the whole house and the excessive heat in summer time.

The Alvorada occupies a lot of 40 hectares, the equivalent to 40 football fields. The building itself is one hectare. There are 31 rooms spread among three stories, including the basement floor, where there is a 34 seat movie theater. The banquet room can accommodate 34 people around an oval table. The living room is immense. In the music room there is a piano bought by Juscelino. The palace's chapel has its walls painted in gold.

Other walls in the mansion have white , and beige curtains. The furniture is Portuguese from the XVIII and XIX centuries. There are paintings and panels by some of the best Brazilian artists such as Djanira, Portinari, Bonadei and Volpi. For lack of places to hang them, some of these treasures are in the bedrooms of the people in charge of the security of the President. Outside, in the gardens there are Brazilian ostriches, ducks, geese and peacocks.

Since Ju celino Kubitschek, the creator of Brasilia, left the presi ency on January 31, 1961, there have been few takers mong his successors for the presidential mansion. Jo o Goulart and General Arthur da Costa e Silva have li ed in the palace for longer periods of time.

Others, like General Joao Figueiredo and Jose Sarney, tried the palace, but moved out fast. Itamar Franco, Cardoso's predecessor, stayed there for about a year, but left after the death of his nephew Ariosto, who lived there with him. Fernando Collor de Mello even made a series of remodeling projects in the mansion but never moved there. The gymnasium built by Collor was removed by Itamar.

Anything wrong with the place? "No," says Irineu Carvalho de Aguiar, the administrator of the palace.

"The sun is hard only in the main room, which has very high ceilings and cannot be very well cooled by the air conditioner. As for the kitchen, there is a new suction fan system and the smell of onion and garlic is now restricted to the kitchen." The Alvorada needs a team of 50 people for its operation, but not all of them live in the premises.

Fernando Henrique and his wife Ruth seem happy with the place. Cardoso has been using the Alvorada since the beginning of November for meetings with his transition team. An aide commented that he was pleased with life in the mansion, mainly because of the library with more than 3,000 books, some of them 300 years old. He chose the library for his office. The President also intends to walk through the gardens and paths of the palace as a . way to alleviate his back pain. â&#x20AC;˘ 23

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24 NEWS from BRAZIL FEBRUARY 1995

Brazil Inc. Despite the pressure from nationalistic legislators and bureaucrats interested in maintaining the status quo which favors them, Brazil continues its march towards privatizations of its state companies, many of them monopolies.

CARLOS EMMANUEL F. BARRET°

During 18 years under the Brazilian government ownership, Avis Finos Piratini, a steel mill, has made no profit.

In 1992 the Gerdau group, Brazil's largest private steel maker, bought the mill for $107.9 million. Gerdau quickly invested $30.2 million in new equipment and $50 million more in the ensuing two years. In 1993, for the first time in its history, Piratini moved into the black with net profits of $1.4 million on sales of $94.1 million. Piratini is just one of the eight state-owned steel companies that was privatized between 1991 and 1993 in Brazil and one of the most visible proofs that privatization works The new government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso has a busy agenda for 1995 in the privatization sector. Thef-administration has promised the IMFY (International Monetary Fund), to ' privatize 34 companies in 6 months and collect $7 billion in cash. By comparison, at the beginning of 1994, the Brazilian government scheduled 37 auctions and collection of $5 billion in hard currency (cash). If the jewels of the crown such as CVRD (Companhia Vale do Rio Doce) were sold, the PND (National Program for Disestatization) could reach that sum in one shot.

CVRD was created in 1942, during the World War II, to supply the demand for iron ore to allied countries. Ironically, 50 years later, their biggest clients are 'Germany and Japan. Worth $10 billion in the stock market, this giant mining company has 40 subisidiary companies that operate in 10 Brazilian states and all over the world. Vale do Rio Dace is responsible for 25% of all iron ore consumed on the planet.

It also produces gold, copper, bauxite, manganese and altuninum; it has a considerable fleet and partnerships in steel mills, fertilizing, paper and cellulose companies. In Los Angeles, it explores a port. CVRD is a holding with annual sales of $5.8 billion, profits estimated around $500 million and 17,829

ing the fetid currency (Federal and State governments' debt bonds), privatization brought millions rather then billions. It is far from a capital democratization.

Outside Brazil, privatization means collection of resources for new investments in programs for economic development, but in Brazil the word seems to mean donations of Federal Government big companies to private banks, helping them to exchange their debt bonds for companies with secure profitability.

The Brazilian steel mills, petrochemical and fertilizer industries were the first to be privatized. In 1941, Brazil's largest steel mill, Companhia Siderargica Nacional (CSN), was created by dictator Getfilio Vargas and marked the beginning of the country's modernization. For the past years it was Brazil's worst example of public administration. Privatized in 1993 for $1,056.6 million, CSN boosted its output to the installed capacity. It reduced its debt from $2.5 billion to $873 million and rescheduled its payments.

Another steel mill with similar profile is Acos Especiais Itabira (Acesita) which rarely showed a profit and lost $600 million until 1992, when it was privatized. Acesita was bought for $450.2 million and on its first year as a private company it reported a profit of $31.4 million. A main producer of stainless steel and silicon steel, Acesita's market share rose from 63% to 74%. Privatization also changed Companhia Sideriirgica de Tubar-go (CST), the company is a Brazilian-Japanese-Italian joint venture that produces slab steel.

Privatized in 1992 with a $114 million loss, it has showed a profit of $32.6 million in 1993.

One of the most successful but also the most criticized of deals was the sale of Companhia Sideriirgica Paulista (Cosipa) steel mill for $331 million.

Bozano, Simonsen — one of Brazil's largest investment groups — bought the majority of the company and picked up a pension fund worth $410 million, more than the amount paid for Cosipa itself.

Moreover Cosipa benefited from its location on the coast, with its own specialized terminal in the neighboring port, substantially cutting transportation costs.

The post-privatization turnarounds have been impressive with companies in private hands learning how to work within budgets and without political interference.Gerdan, the same company that made a success story out of Acos Finos Piratini, also lent ammunition to the opponents of the privatization program.

Alter having bought Cosinor steel mill for $13.6 million, Gerdau stripped and shut down the highly subsidized coinpany.

AIRPLANE MANUFACTURER SOLD - Usiminas, another BrazilianJapanese venture is Brazil's largest producer of flat, unalloyed steel. Under public administration, Usiminas had a record profit of $59.6 million on sales of $1.3 billion In 1993 under private blinds,

employees. The Federal government owns 51% of all shares and research shows that for the Japanese alone, CVRD could be worth $18 billion since they are the biggest clients and the biggest iron ore consumers in the globe and do not own natural reserves.

The PND sold 32 stateowned enterprises in the past 4 years (4 during 1991, 14 in 1992,4 more in F993 and 10 in 1994). The program Was strongly opposed 1; the labor movement and several auctions were marked by violent demonstrations in front of Rio de Janeiro stock exchange where the auctions occurred.

Some auctions had to be rescheduled or canceled. And the fact that most of purchases were paid with Brazilian debt paper (82% of the total amount) rather than hard currency remains a point of contention. However, even with all of the difficulties, the program collected $1.59 billion in cash.

The privatization fever has spread to all of Latin America.

In neighboring Argentina, the state companies in 1989 lost $3.5 billion, nearly half the country's treasury deficit for that year. In the following years, the government sold the Telefonica and Telecom, Aerolineas Argentinas, Rosario/Bahia t Blanca Railroad, SEGBA (electricity and power company) and its giant enterprise YPF (Yacimientos Petro- liferos FiscaleS), the:state oil company, collecting over $24 billion. Peru privatized its electricity and banking systems. Colombia gave up its monopoly on ports, railways and banks.

THIS IS NO BRITAIN - In Mexico and Chile almost all state-owned enterprises have been sold, though such giants as PEMEX, Mexico's oil company; CFE, its electricity company; and Codelco, Chile's copper mines, remain in state hands. The government in Venezuela also hopes to collect $3 billion from privatization by the end of 1995. Paraouay privatized the country's ag carrier Lineas Aereas Paraguay as.

In the early 80's, England under Margaret Thatcher, adopted a great reforrn; privatizing major industries in the country. The privatization brought to the public coffers $50 billion in cash. On the contrary, in Brazil, discount-

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S. 25

profits hit a record high of $246 million on sales of $1.6 billion, and productivity increased 38 tons per person, comparable to some of the best Japanesemills. But whoever bought Usiminas had to pick up its ineffective subsidiary Usiminas Mecanica S.A., created to produce spareparts for the mother company. Usiminas Mectinica always worked on the red, using one third of its potential.

The new owners restructured the company, from n its productive process to its dministration, added technologya timprovements and reorganized its ng sales direction. Today, workis with 55% of its total capacity, Usiminas Mecanica closed 9 million sales and pr9o4fitw s iothf $2704 million. It also has signed a contract with Nippon Steel to share technology andknow-how.

In December, Brazil sold Embraer, a state-owned airplane manufacturer with succesfull models as the Brasilia, w a 40-seat airplane that 45% of the North-American market for that size of craft and 28% of the world market. Embraerw as also the developer of Tucae' n a jet used around the world for military —graining.

Although Embraer accumusled a huge debt and was forced to lay-off 7,000 employees in the past 4 years, it stillmay become an excellent deal in private hands.

This year the United States govopen bid for purernment willa chasing 700 jets for pilot training in a,, deal worth $4 billion. That might be a great opportunity for Embmer's SuperTucano.

Among thi,',ttransportation service,, system that the government will i'o ham ve.san to.optivatize, there are two ,,.21.4-4pulled back from last year 471, 4.'

Lloyd ,ras1.16.goram, and ima OthersRFTSA that are aeii, • '. the bridges, system, starting Po,rts-a.e'roadia31r with Via Presidente tr i afreewayconnecting the tw pi noliiiajor in,.. duStrial cities m the.country,, ,-R. ,,, Rio de-:Janeirti and So Paulo. e Th agreementaliner6s:will give the,'Pri,te inp ie, a Concession for in ,amount'of ., , aIIowoe years oi•s.9i t,, ; 1). charge tolls im eximprovements. v Moreover,-, the. state entOt.,:th6lid,t. , syeaes,:',,ro e' Privatized Inactithchsetio ,„0 „..f, igoiroacrip olthnsatso:B artitnugt 1,e, hydroelectric ea this will have to wait for the ratification by Congress of a Law of Public Co nc,essions (Lei de conTh ces sPblics). .i is law works as an amend,.:,ment ,to the constitution to put a ' :stOoPrk,inthIebsetatee monoPoly. It will ..e , o.so ti ,ibbijaesitctE .nlef;Fth uren'aGs7rueP. ritscehen Ortiti?,the:i:southeast), s4othia'St)-gd'h' egeti r(eirla'eVranaisco river in ule--northeast) and Eletronorte ' tcompany responsible for I en' 26

ergy generation from the Amazon basin rivers.

Major international and domestic companies have shown interest in the deals. The Houston Energy company, associated with Chase Manhattan Bank, formed a consortium with Jorge Queiroz Group, Unibanco (one of Brazil's largest private bank) and Banco Graphus, to dispute for companies in the energy sector auctions.

Another giant interested is the French electric company, Eletricite de France, that formed a consortium with Banco Frances Brasileiro.

Others in competition are Citibank; the consortium formed by Bank of America, Nomura Securities and Banco Liberal; and an association among the banks Pactual, Garantia and Bozano, Simonsen. Partnerships among international and national companies make investments practical and stronger since, according to Brazilian law, foreign investors cannot control more than 40% of voting capital.

THE SPACE IS THE LIMIT - Brazil today is considered one of the last great virgin markets for the telecommunications industry. The country has enormous potential, especially when we consider that there are only 8 telephone lines for every 100 inhabitants. According to conservative analysts, the country has reached a deficit of four million telephone lines, translating to $10 billion in investments as an immediate need.

Brazilian telecommunication carriers have acknowledged their poor conditions to respond alone to the volume of investments necessary to cope with the new economic boom being expected.

Embratel, Brazil's long-distance carrier, intends to launch nine satellites in partnership with the private sector. Telebras, the local carrier, is negotiating with US-based Bell Atlantic for the possible launch of eight satellites to interlink the country's cellular telephones: Others under consideration for partnership are Japan's NEC, Ericsson from Sweden, the American giant AT&T, and Canada's Northern Telecom.

The French Alcatel has been exploring the Brazilian market for a few years and it is expecting revenues around- $315 million from that market alone, in which they offer 800,000 telephone lines in a high-technology digital.

Alcatel's President in Brazil, ,NIanoel Octavio Pereira Lopes, stated that, "This is a great moment for ?Brazil „to, hand over telecommunications to private initiative. The Federal soverap imeat has been using these ventures as a tactic to clay privatization.; As former Communication's Minister Djahria'de,Mtiraes said, "We are handl. ing'the rings to aioid,losing the fingers." , " To the Brazilian population, Petrobras, the state-run oil 'giant"; does not need any type of :introduction. It is by fat' the biggest company in the country. With its sumptuous maritime platforms and an annual, revenue of $18 billion; Petrobras is among' the 20 biggest oil companies in the world. Today, however, people are asking themselves whether the 11 years of monopoly have been economically useful for the country , or whether the company has been transformed into a place which benefits only a few priviP leged.

There are only six countries in the world with oil monopoly. In addition to Brazil, they are Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq andMexico.

All of them are exporters, except for Brazil.

That seems to be very odd. An audit requested by former President Hamar Franco showed that it costs Petrobras $13 to produce one barrel of oil while in the Middle East production averages 50 cents. In Argentina Mexico Colombia and Venezuela, the production per barrel is around 3 to 8 dollars.

Petrobras's daily production is 33 barrels while the average in Latin America is 98 barrels, Last year the company spent 44% of its total

expenses in salaries. In addition to all of this, Petrobras does not pay any income tax, like all other companies. The company has a debit with the Federal government of $898 million, and owes $406 million in gasoline tax collected from consumers but not re-passed to the Department of Treasure.

According to Veja magazine, Petrobras has been using false propaganda to hold on to its monopoly, by turning the population against the government. Petrobras's officials claimed that they had 8 billion barrels of oil reserves, which recently increased to 10 billion with the discovery of four new oil-wells. This is not true, says Veja. In reality, the reserves of Petrobras adds only to 3.6 billion barrels and the rest are possible reserves.

The company says that it paid $115 billion to the government during its 40 years of existence, when actually the consumer paid that amount when filling up their gasoline tanks. They claimed $80 billion of investments in the country since 1953, which is a sum superior to the $72.5 billion of foreign capital invested in Brazilian soil.

If they are as big as they say, some critics comment, they shouldn't be worried about competitors. According to President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, the stato-Pol, oil_giant,is worth $100 billi&Wa;!ffidedtilian a slight over: This amount -would enti person topurchase . the biggest -company , the world, General Motors, the promising Microsoft, and still have some left over to further investments. In the."4"tOE m biato rkoet,,petrokraeis worth '

he ,end of his adminii. tiOtirformer' President Itam Franco intervened into twotlt 'largest public ..bankSIO,the't try, I3anerj orthe, State Rio de Janeiro) and Banespii(Think, of the State ofS5OPiiiilo),:the'12-r month intervention" practically starts the privatization edote° the public finance system.

The two -major institutions , have been confronting .probleMs on its accounts-land difficulties with its titlev;'onAe' financial market. The interventioniintends, to reduce the number and employees; cut expenses and eventuallyselIfoffr actives., The new Finance, Pedro Malan, ek-President.

Central Bank, intends to ,..r tionize the concept of r valizati in BraziL,Bc.4stated7that with I money collectedfrom selling statevcompanies;,;he will, fund health and education programs.

He is', not lri''faiqit Of using the money to '?,ern, the public 'deficit,.

It will he:iSreaFofiTicacalsthangei if the neWadministration and P implement4ll'Of what theyhav been dreaming - itio NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

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NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

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29

— Mande.

Abriu a agenda: teria o dia todo ocupado corn o Forum. e os clientes.

--- As erne° horas9 Pode ser. E a familia?

—Nao aurnentou. As meninas estao mocas. A mais velha tern narriorado, imagine.

Urn carro estacionou no meo-fio. Helena viu o rnotorista idebrucar-se a janela e fazer-lhe um gesto obsceno. Fingiu nada notar, tornando a trocar o fone c •de posiacaa Fi arras da porta ou eloburaco da fechadura? eaPiaPNao brinque, Helena.

Mudou tanto?.

-—Sao ntinhas filhas.

A naao direita an-urnava os papdis, o calendario, o grampeadort o isqueiro. Cada objeto no seu lugar.

E profissionalntente, C01110 estao as coisas, Joao?

Bern.

Acompanho de longe o seu sucesso.

—Isso nao interessa. Quer° saber de voce.

0 conquistador motorizado s.aiu a procura de aventura mais proinissora. A unha, comprida, ajudava a descascar a pintura do aparelho, conapletando a agressao iniciada por outros.

— Melts filhos tambem cresceram.

Esta satisfeita?

— Nao posso me queixar.

Vidinha calma, sem entocOes• A secretana entrou na sala.

Comprirnentou-o corn a cabega e retirou-se. Ele diminuiu o tom, quase sussurrava: Sua voz me cliz toisas.

— Tenho a impressao de estar jovem de novo. Que tal se passeassemos no parque?

— Acabou. Hoje tern urn edificio la.

— Que azar. Era tao bonito!

Pois d.

A bolsa a tiracolo pesava• Soltou a alga, largando-a no chao. 0 vento fno • nsistia i em Subir-lhe pelas pernas, apesar do casaco. Deviam construir cabinas telefonicas fechadas, coma nos filmes. Estas estnituras suspensas sao incomodas.

— Tern outro, parque para se ir?

-- Nada de encontros fora daqui, beni.

— Vai me dizer que ainda tern problemas de ser visto cornigo, Joao?

Ele se inquietou na poltrona, as sintomas eV:iaentes.

—Ficarentos-aS6s Helena.

Certo, , • E no segundo andar, em frente ao elevador.

— Ate ja, EsPere. E o curtinho?

Os olhos dela persistiam em ler pela vigesima vez as inscricoes: "Tire O tone do gancho.

Cologne 1;461Ia,no orificio..." corn corte diferente. A altuMe o peso nao alteraram,:. oa-clentes estao urn pOUCO amarelos- por causa do furno, escondo varias cipatrizes no corpo e na alma -- abaixou-se para pegar cigarro na bolsa, esquecida de que o fio do telefone era curto. Teve que afastar-se:Aele: -Corp° fantastic° ele po'S 4'mao no bolso, sorrindo.

—A ginastica e a rriassagem me ajuclam a nianter a forma. voce?

— Enxuto. A colite nao me permite engordar e tarribem tenho ca minhasJugas.

Usa oculos?

—E onde ja se viu um miope deixar de ,ser? .Uma senhora colocott-se atras dela, em fila' o incomodola. Fez sinal corne a * n.,c170 o telefone 1 iv re ma°, apo ata no lado OPostaiixseu ---- Ha tempos, ottvi dizer que vocec,,estava experimentando lentes de contato.

— Conversa fiada. Quem falou?

Deixa pra la. Bern que achei ridicula'a vaidade repentina.

Ele acendeu outro cigarro., Pressionando -o fone contra o ombro, libertou a inao direita para rabisaar urn caracol. Helena possuia uma voz redonda, limpa.

Que habilidade a sua para desviar assunto— virou a

adeira de freiate para a escriva'nha conte de voce‘.

- Conservo as rntnhas 1obsessoes. E de todas, voce é a mais alintentada.

Ndo diga! Esta se declarando?

Apenas reconheee que ou obsessiva.

-- Quern "la° é? escrevett odo" no rrieio do caracol.

Ela podia examinar as pernas mtilher ao telefone. Corn ,pe esquerdo ccicava a perna 'direita. Teve vontade de dizer :que nao fizesse aquilo porque ia hleifiar a nteia• Gostaria de saber, Joao, se afinal resistimos afetivarriente a tanfos anes de separaao.

—E evidente que sim, bem, e vamos rectrperar hoje o tempo -i)erdido.

— Esta brincando?

Que nada.

-- A gente pode se decepcionar... — ela fechott os olhos tentando a qualquer custo recor-dar a irriagem.

— De jeito nenhurn.

Talvez tenha razao. d romaritica?

— Se eu rtrio fosse, estaria telefonando?

Par romantismo?

Helena deu urn longo suspi ro.

- Perfeitamente• Tenho iddia fixa de que soinente voce pode me fazer feliz.

Iddia fixa?

— E dificil de explicar... — reparou que alguns fios da meia da vizinha correram na i)erna Igrossa.— Continua a gostar dc ,mimou lido?

—Conic) poderia nao gostar?

Jorio escute. As vezes tenho a impressao de ver voce la na fazenda. surgindo por detras de uma arvore, ou montado a cavalo, uma especie de henii-fantasma corn quern eu posso falar, mas nao tocar.

Ou sinto-o ao meu lado, sem mais nen-i menos no carro - Verdade?

A secretaria tontou a entrar na sala: o cliente cliegara.13iscou avisando que entendeu a mimica e não ia demorar.

— Voce é o amigo ideal NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

Iiii:t a° c410s is so pessoalP ,e nho eceio de Perade..r,,aos iijo'gut) ;1'6 7-e e '—' ITI lhor Jo ão. it cigarro, irento azia agora -ulna , roa fina, tera°a:'os deta. treSeentarem era scitte näo d? . u - eseritc5tick:-fiCa4desocu „ etti,ebeirtpie „1,S,Ce,",,fitesSeniciS" hdia, andouma Itttjuntos?

•Idarel,;'•itervoso nventei esta viagni enorme para encontrar voce; Jodi) Ainda tern horario para 'criegar emtasa?

'Nao,Mas costumovoltar ce Ue pena. ,ejatoazinha. *es•ouco tempo, rá a -to'velta Gin eg atende o que en q 0. ck, o ., ----:. que ---a:gente u ., , arm;,:sett o4-,itielhor, cot sai'-do-- .mundo7•` • -,- -, Ate , lisla,oFset. . . , as„.cinco", . , .. . doafgott,,J-Oycasaco-'estava, , , ,. , 0 40:', „ [cle-g0,r0a.'EntrOun0'1*r„'Odin, „.,. . urn- Cho, itente • oce,,,esrta atrasa a dez inutos, Helena.

-beijOura no rost iliracou corn um aperto soltou-soe ,larguo tni,:tnheco o escritorio a rokirrittt:Vse da escriVa PoisciTerestespapeiOr Seria,,, gastai inal -o moento,?atator'"--- fsegurouapresa,,,,„ 0::dá urn1i0r6- 1, Helena o'reggiu,zenla0n4 -

0 i'ter-Peidido;cornprema Mania -de atnente NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

,otet,ittha

no

er so At Alice e

Aquiesceu, inquieta, pen, ,ssando que„ preferia conversar, cerrada -A ro attiati-deSlItahclo " 10 corPo.,,recePtiVef, ET,tao,,gostoSa,, Tire • 'So .$9,n110'.ceitt,esteerie 61146,2. 'el ,--exiiplitt0„49 para ii',.sofa. „Talyèz—,deitou7aApago a luz?' aproveitou para, -,seittar-sere arnimou a, gaia.

NAo vim para... , entao? encur, , Warenclo o inais , .—Psiu., , Amadurecia para a motte, ela considerou, contente.

Desculpe, Helena. Nao sero queracontece comigo;Diga , Ela adivirihavanaiscitridat . cr,,arquive• "os moveis-,:y GOstodetnals, cfp-vecet,itrio„ Se, .̀eritlestivesieffa,zendti„. titer Contigo .inesnra;''foif corn urn irmão - Lamentet'qtiandOsefor; enzinho.

Eu nao tinha nem vinte ,anos, Joao. Quantos voce tern?

— Quarenta e seiS. Softi bastante. Estava tao apaixonada.

Per,tnirn?`— apertou-aDuvicla?De$6,194actaitt&fPerilao, 0,‘;,̀sei o!que-Se,p,as-Sitinnigo: -ACho que 0 o pervoiti-,,, Me da urn beijo Otte „pelediliciasa, ilem parece, mae de-fillies: corn.. eSte cOrpo -de meninal Ah! meu bent; diga 9ue me arna. Diga.

Alne• restta 'de luz da sala da Seeretatiaentrava porbaix6,;dit porta,'cipionatido, No teto, as-, aratihas certantentolteciam suas aSas ettutorno-da luminariw "pitaga,O, ofegante de João ititintiliSeitritmo.,'Holettateve ; , twarrepio:,,Deciditi Qtte -horas sati? ,

30'64- it •Eiri qüe está acaricieuae os pensando? cabelos, encabulado,:-., Ern cafezrnho neontrava't ,rouPa,-/pe o, 6'. :10 40 -abriii-a'Portactlare , ente tent que iisai'Aintf'-iild.iiii*re,tieot tudo Que entra acendew a' iuz.: Sao da-rtiinbaiuulher 'Quetal? .<,. .1Simpatidos....Urntant • .„ fiteou=se,rapidamente:„,„.

Sera-que- com'Mlilheette peita • 'Joao Proctirow's,Ohq3 • sofa .provaVeis,,es9uectinentos,.

Seus•brindos,:.

Obrigada' • Etc a enlacou, de cabeca • baixa.

-„ rtiente -0.- que aeonteceit.--po ter sidii'"aernoCao:-tatiriateirai, ttando, ,9ite„.°Voltai.,para42. fae •''‘k 6§, !thenitnot:,-te*atia , Ele ,,oii*ugava-, • Voce,' eSta. cherande!-?. • a• Tumaca,-.,,'",Soii-aler • .. giCa, Champ '0 eleVadO,r,').e' • • • • .0eAft ain4ent trocar cruza ,.aPresSadai,', :EStou,irenieneto,, 'Prontete telefonar na pfokiina yinda?' .....Confinnoti 0 roSto- abettO em somso-, que:-a ele paretew-' Iterno; • , Ate"2brove•-.---,,Adeits;-,:jeato •.',"Ai,PeSvett e o the original title of this short 'do: Ain/in/oar; la Ito rar, • IV,filhOram Chid s.

31

JOAO, GERONIMO E DUDA SAD OS

"Inktli400 (41111AGekl" S BOAS HISTORIAS DEVEM SER REPETIDAS. E UMA HISTORIA LiRICA MUITO BONITA, UM FAROESTE COM MUITA POO E AVENTURA. ESSA FOI A PRIMEIRA NOVELA EM QUE OS HOMENS PASSARAM A ADMITIR QUE ASSISTIAM NOVELA. CHOFER DE TAXI IA PARA CASA MAIS CEDO. FOI UM ACONTECIMENTO. "IRMAOS CORAGEM" FOI 0 GRANDE SUCESSO DE JANETE CLAIR E A PRIMEIRA INVESTIDA DA TELEVISAO BRASILEIRA NO WESTERN.' DIAS GOMES (TEATROLOGO) Distribuidor Exclusivo da Rede Globo Adquira a sua assinatura pelo telefone:

(212) 819-9078 Brazil Update, trazendo o Brasil ate voce!

37 West 43rd Street - New York - NY -10036 32

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

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Nao deixe de viajar por falta de dinheiro...

Use o jeitinho brasileiro...!

Corn o jeitinho brasileiro as passagens em p re custam en os!

NUM FOI TAO FACIL VIAJAR

NYC To RIO OR SAO PAULO a partir de $830

(Sujeito a restogOes ou mudangas sem aviso previo)

NYC TO BUENOS AIRES/ MONTEVIDEO

SF TO RIO OR SAO PAULO a pand de

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2.

1 Se voce Nao perca comprovar tempo procurando! por escrito Seja sua viagem que pode comprar a negOcios por menos que as ou fetias, as melhores condicbes nossos precos nos faremos ainda serao sempre mais barato! as nossas.

E so ligar e comprovar.

A ligacao é gratis.

3.

Planeje sua viagem corn antecedencia (como fazem os americanos) utilizando pa isso o nosso sistema de lay-away. Chame para maiores informacbes.

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$64.3 Ida e volta

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TRAVEL 33

Between January 31, 1995 and March 1, 1995, that is, the whole month of February, Brazilians who wish to try their luck at getting green cards, which allow people to live and work in the US as lawful permanent residents, should participate in the new Diversity Lottery visa program called DV-96. Here we outline the requirements for this participation and present a guide as how to have a chance at the drawing.

The article is based on information given in a recent Visa Bulletin by the US Department of State's Bureau of Consular Affairs.

Who may apply?

1. The person has to be a national or citizen of a country that qualifies for the new visa lottery.

Natives or citizens of Brazil do qualify. The nationals of the following countriescannotapply for the DV-96 green card: China (mainland and Taiwan), India, Philippines, Vietnam, South Korea, United Kingdom and its territories (Northern Ireland is eligible). Canada, Mexico. Jamaica.

El Salvador, Dominican Republic, and Colombia.

2. The person must have a high school diploma or its equivalent, or within the last five years have two years of experience in an occupation that requires two years of training.

3. To obtain a visa for a son or a daughter, the child has to be under 21 years of age and unniar-,, ried. A spouse who is a national or citizen of a counti- that does not qualify for the green card lottery may apply only if he or she is married to someone who gible. Such person sho,n14' • cate that he or she4s.: charged" to the countly, of the , spouse who can apply.

4. If the applicant lives in the US, he or she must be undocumented or have a non-immigrant visa status.

How can I participate?

There are 2,407 visas available to the South American region. There is no pre-printed or official application form and no fees need to be paid. You should beware of individuals, organizations, or attorneys who guarantee results and who ask payment for a visa lottery fee.

You must send only one application, by regular mail. The application can be sent from the United States or any country in the world. A husband and wife may each send a separate application.

34

Green card lottery

Thiannual Visa lottery created by the US government to grant immigrant visas (green cards) to nations underrepresented in the cultural mix of the country — naturally, Brazil is included — is on right now. The program has been anticipated this year.

EDGARD() QUINTANILLA

Can I do it all by myself?

YPS, if you feel comfortable. about Ithis after reading this article 'The following information must be leg' ifily written or preferably typed on a pla;ii sheet of paper (size 8x 11 ilichcs): A. Applicant's full name: last :la de; first name and iniddL: name.

1 a ,;i name must be underlinc.'d. Example: I.. Ardoso Rube in B. A iiplicant's date of bath and of birth te of birth clay, moni Ir ear.

LC, In-January-1959. ce:.of birth . city /town, district/ unty/pro coma\ . Example: Sa•o P mb Bra/ii o ame. date. inid place, of birth leant's spouse and children, Lau••••..'e B. Above.

Applicant's mailing address. h.:ss must be clear and cornpick' i :o sure to write the right adUu only one confirmation letter \\ i be sent. An applicant may use th.._ :iddress of an attorney. ' L Applicant's native wintry if differ —it from country of •'i di , 14811cre to send the irib at ion? iQnce the above inforination is CoMplci.d. it must bc pla( ed inside a:bovnc , s size cio elope tb.. is between () and 10 inches (19 iind 25 cm) in length and between 11; 5 and - 4. ."inches (9 to 11 cm) in w n\ elope must have in the per left hand corner the follovvin °platten in this order: ' itApplicant's native country (0

country to which application is to be charged") 2. Applicant's full name 3. Applicant's address (which must be the same as shown on the application).

South Americans, including Brazilians, Central Americans, and people from the Caribbean must send the application to: DV-96 Program National Visa Center Portsmouth, NH 00211 The correct zip codes to be used by natives or citizens of other regions are the following: Asia (00210), Europe (00212), Africa (00213), Oceania (00214), Bahamas (00215).

When should I send my application?

The completed envelope and application must be sent only via regular mail to arrive no earlier than January 31, 1995, and no later than March 1, 1995. The applicant must ensure that only one entry is sent. Persons who send more than one application will be disqualified. Each entry will be entered into a computer list that is presumably confidential.

How will thi!Iottery be conducted?

After July l, 1995, a computer will randomly choose the winners. This means there is no guarantee,that anyone who partici' pates will be selected. Only the lottery winner will be notified.

The winner should not delay in following the visa processing instnictinftMere registration as a lotterY.— Ainer does not mean that the person will be able to immigrate to the US. For those winners who are in the US as undocumented aliens or with noniimmigrant visas, they will have an opportunity to adjust their status here in the US. Adjustment of status should be done promptly and in accordance with the instnictions that the National Visa Center will provide.

Because every immigration case is different and unique, I strongly urge any person who is planning to participate in the DV96 visa lottery to seek the advice of an immigration attorney in ease there are questions or concerns about the program.

Edgard() Quintanilla is an attorney admitted to the State Bar of California. He practices Immigration Law. You can call him at (800) 595-5957 or (213) 739-1900.

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

,

s

ii•04,0•4, • ,, '',=',..r..a•., linings of enthiiSiastSlittpraiii,:haVe been The mayor of the little town of Vila Rica anxiously waiting for roulette games to be Preto today) goingthrough opened to the public, particularly during orrie- tough limes. He needed some thellast'several years. During the time Of Collor dc Mello, who was a fervent de.: astl!-T, s to ,build'City Hall. So he r ' fender of the casinos, a proposal had been forwarded by ,-decided;'in,that'year of 1784, to hold . eputy (Congressman) Deicio 1(nopliom Santa Catarina D ,lottery, just as they were doing in the " Congress but after Colioesiinji0i4tnent, the Pre,leei', 'Continebt; in Pcirtuga short-circuit ed byr He, soldT1',008:111.1111 bers'anci;<thanks to''' ' ';:\j' :' '', D \i Vntl etilirt°1- I the' N.V a YiS' . dle9 :': 6 1.i ' '' . '1:tol' et,h72;a1:t.-:-,;7l' : i:,n!P4:'.";7.gE au 1-::' ,:t=sc °h?db!e: i:‘,..: , :that;;*ii,eble'to- erect-lhe,building. , According to ileio:asiero-Branco. a sociologistian1:: • centuries'the later, ' the University o Brasilia, i placed ntiOlfy ' : More ' - than ..,,.,. games of chance in Brazil is,clirectly s directly related to the total-- -riiteila , „ , , is still a success story. Every lack of opportunities faced, by the, average, Brazilian. ,, ...yeiri.:Brazilians spend close to 'z'. 1.,,"The "big break" appears as solution, for - ''$4' billion on-all kinds of garnblillg, Brazilians' ever-pressing problems." Ile observes, is for,, illegal games, typified by jogo do- bicho- (game using a -, more then- the annual revenue of Brazil' combination of numbers and anima ls), professor p Castelo, Ian General Motors. Now they seem .„. ,,,t Branco indicates that they have enjoyed an ample cbl- • -2 ready"to welcome temples to Las Vegas tural legitimacy Within Brazil Castel() Branco supports the opening of casinos and and Atlantic City all over the country. , all types of betting games. Once betting becomes decriminalized, he thinks that criminal elements will lose their grip over these games On the other hand the N Catholic Church has traditionally ..opposed this 'type of '"•• arrangement Cardinal Jos6 Freire Falco, for B exraant ziplae,n ., says that opening casinos would not benefit li society at all, and would take many families on the road have ' ctoon7leinquvea':1ttc:ea\ sro,°'1e luci dnec:sm a y.isstPec:1i.si'-to,z 1,7 ir itfas:Bculal :fl'i!eli ev*yiit authe C‘ C , 'r . . other around' "Brazilians because they are desperNate--- he not.es, ':The ankiety40 ;vi-ti thelottery, for example, is directly related to their lack 614hotie 111 the NEWS from BRAZIL FEBRUARY 1995

35

activities relating to a normal livelihood." From a social standpoint, Cristovam thinks that Lotto and Sena — two of the government sponsored games — seem to be more harmful than casinos. However, casinos will not be exempted from problems either, according to him. Says he: "In general terms, Mafiosi, drugs and prostitution seem to float around them".

Deputy Knop's legislative proposal would divert monies obtained from casino taxes into health and educational programs, at the state as well as the municipal level. Buarque counters, however, that to put a half-way decent educational system in place, Brazil would need close to $30 billion per year, something which he feels casino revenues will not be able to produce. Meanwhile, Congressman Knop feels that his project will reach the point of legislative "do or die" very soon.

Even known bicheiros (thecapiofjogo do bicho) are divided among themselves as to whether new sources of revenue should be opened by legalizing new types of games. With raspadinhas (scratchers) and federal lottery ticket sales reaching all-time highs, a few bicheiroshave voiced their opinions. Said one bicheiro, who refused to be identified: -1 don't know what is right or wrong anymore. The worst examples come from above. Just look around and see what Collor did!" (President Collor de Mello was impeached for corruption.)

The jogo do bicho is forbidden under Brazilian law. The Federal Penal Code sanctions any type of games of chance, except in Pernambuco. State Deputy Roldao Joaquim calls it -governmental tolerance to the game, which is as binding as the law." Joaquim was the person who first promoted the idea of "legalizing, but not officializing" these betting games within his State to then Governor Marco Ant6nio Maciel, now the Vice-President of Brazil. In fact, bicheiros in Pernambuco even unionized, formed an association, and were allowed in many official ceremonies.

After that, bicheiros were "semi-legal" and police officers found to be extorting or persecuting the local bicheiros were either reprimanded or fired from their posts by the Secretary of Public Security. According to Congressman Joaquim, in Pernambuco more than 100 thousand families depend on bicheiro schemes which, among other benefits, allow them their own medical and dental plans. In Pernambuco "everybody plays the bicho, " says Joaquim, adding that keeping the game illegal would be much worse, since then many bicheiros would resort to alternate sources of income such as weapons sales and the drug trade.

According to Jose Nardeli Pinto, Federal Lottery Administrator, last year the lotteries grossed over $600 million. Of said sum, about $97 million went to the government. Several sources indicate that the jogo do bicho produces three times that amount. If this is true. then the jogo produces over $2 billion, annually, and does not provide one cent in taxes for the government.

By comparison, Banco do Brasil made $150 million in 36

profits, paying some $12 million to the Federal Government. Nardeli Pinto says that he could get an official jogo do bicho off the ground in 60 days.

Many people oppose, however, any sort of plan to legalize the bicho. The former Secretary for Legislative Affairs, Galba Menegale, was one of them. She though that it would be impractical, from a judicial point of view. "I doubt that the transparency of the law would be capable of ending the criminality attached to the bicho," she said. "It will remain clandestine, at least in Rio de Janeiro."

And then she drops this unanswered question: "Who is able to prove that the jogo do bicho is not more seductive when it is done clandestinely?"

BINGO! That is the word now in style in Brazil. Men and women, mostly middle aged, are frequenting 27 new bingo halls that have cropped-up in the last six months alone. This year it is projected that about 500 new bingo halls will be operating all over the nation, from the beaches of Rio to the hinterlands of the Amazon and points in between. Bingo has become a national fad. In a country in which around $4 billion are spent on games of chance, bingo has become a sure-fire winner.

And bingo, aside from being just plain fun, is also a socializing type of game, and, besides, it is inter-generational. It certainly is less lonely then buying a lotto ticket or a raspadinha since the player is able to engage in small talk and exchanges with friends and strangers alike, besides drinking and eating while playing. More than that, it is cheaper and less risky than other games and — although not giving large jackpots — it won't send the player to the poor house. Says Maria Seixas, a 60 year-old housewife, "It has been years since I had found anything as exciting to do. I forget my problems, and I can even make a little money."

The public who frequent the game is a crosssection of Brazilian society: singles, housewives, widowers, teenagers and elderly folks. A breakdown by ages shows that middle-aged (40-50) make up 40% of the players. Those above 50 and below 28 are each 15% of the total, and the remaining 30% are between the ages of 28 and 40. And although many play bingo for fun more than profit, there are big-time rollers as well.

Tecnobingo, a Spanish firm, is responsible for the installation of many of the bingo halls in Brazil. Most are not the run-of-the-mill type seen in the US, but rather an elegant variety similar to the best Las Vegas casinos, with miles of carpet and Carrara marble, catering to middle-class patrons who drink whiskey, nibble on caviar and salmon, and spend an average of $50 per session. The money invested in these houses leave no doubt about their owners' beliefs: they know the casinos are coming. It's just a question of a little patience. When it happens all they'll have to do will be to take out the bingo and bring in the roulette, the baccarat, the poker and the slot machines.

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

When young Carlos sold everything he had and decided to come to America his parents didn't say no. But they made it clear that he would have to pay his own way up North. He ended up doing much more than that.

ANDREA LITA RADENIAN

Recently. finding myself in Rio. I decided to look up the parents of Carlos Borges, the 29 year old art director of Brentwood Media Group, which publishes a chain of community newspapers in Southern California, the Brentwood News, The Westwood News, and The Santa Monica News. Carlos is ambitious and determined but, when I first met him, he was dirt poor. Now, after three days of negotiating time and place. I am in a chic bar, preparing to meet his struggling parents.

I plan to assure them that their son is no longer in danger of starvation. So I am not prepared when an elegant couple are ushered in. Shaking off the end-ofday mugginess, they spot me and, with warm smiles and outstretched hand, introduce themselves and we settle down for an amiable chat.

"We've been married for 40 years, and we've known each other since we were children," says Amazile, svelte and blonde, with eyes softer in color than the emeralds in her heavy gold earrings. Stunning and sophisticated, she is a fashion importer and her own best advertisement. Her husband, Oldano, a soft-spoken industrial engineer, is urbane and debonair, dressed conservatively in shades of gray. He says, "We have an apartment in the Copacabana section of Rio, where we raised our family." She smiles. "Seven years after our second daughter was born, having been told we could have no more children. I had a sudden crisis of my liver." When the "crisis" turned out to be a baby son, they named him Carlos and referred to him as their "surprise."

Says Oldano, "Carlos's artistic ability and interest was as much of a surprise as he was." The first sign of this creativity appeared at eight. As Amazile relates, NEVVS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

37

a waiter. On one memorable occasion, he was serving a party of La cos e wit the alligator logo on the prominent customers when he spilled wine on the host's cusfront,AVerevetypopular. I brought Carlos back four from a trip to France. A few days later, I tom-tailored suit. Mortified, he cleaned up as much as he could was shocked,to find them neatly folded in his and sent the suit to the dry cleaner, all the while apologizing profusely. To his astonishment, not only wasn't he fired, but at drawer with the alligators carefully cut out of the end of the meal they left a huge tip. "God bless you," said three of them. Carlos's explanation was that he the VIP. "Your kindness is the thing I will remember most from had given them to three poor brothers he knew for their mother to sew-on their plain shirts." this experience."

Obviously, this w4s.:4' itl:wh6 would give you, Propelling himself through a series of arduous jobs. Carlos if not the shirt ()Chi' Oleast the alligator clung to his mother's high standards and his father's words — 1,off his chest.

"When you arc young, you have only obligations - no rights."

By adolescence, e riendly and outgoing Eventually, his high school counselor, sensing this potential, natural-born leader was, according to mom, "a advised him to seek out the challenges and opportunities of a skinny kid who,iked the beach a lot more than big city. Without a moment's hesitation, the boy from school." ' loiSS over what would become of Copacabana packed his bags and headed to Los Angeles.

He landed a job on a small community newspaper (which has hiffilis-sfrietlbutitipportive parents encouraged biro° channel his energies into sports. At since become a thriving chain). Giving each assignment 100% of his effort, it's not unusual for him to work a 24 hour stretch.

12 he became a rower and, by 18, his rigorous d training, that often began at 4:00 AM, m to And, he's even added a side business. No question — the future partielpat ion ihnurnerous triathlons, led hi looks bright. But to those who know him, that is,:nosurprise. the Sciuth American rowing championship( , A brierOint at university was enough:l'O,,,Tcort,V,,ince Carlos to foregieareer in ectiikiinics. .

THE WORLD CLASS AIRLINE OF BRAZIL "When he*a'Sjutst 17, we refused; Bay Area Brasilian Club him permission go the States,",,, Brazil Today Newspaper says Aniaille.: "°hen he came to ..,; us again, at20, this time with.., present passport in hand, and said he had',',; sold his car, his diving gear and:,,: A NINLI A L his surf boardf or a one-way ticket to San DiegoNye,A.vi ere astonished.

F 1241 ENOS ®F 11412 A ZAII. In our close lam". y;lthis he was the , 121\1/-\\VAL/OARNIWAL first major decision ,had made , without ,consulting us.'

"Welf,told hitri' he could go," continues Oldaha.' -But we also ' told him his decision was his restarting sponsibility. We agreed that when The Bream Carneval legend he knew what he wanted to do, we EMILINHA would pay for school, but the rest was up to him. He had to maintain R-® 12413 A hims e lf,",. .„.,,,,, and Lackihi'a*tund now "as,poor,': BRAZILIAN ALL STAR BIG BAND Directed by: Celia MalheirOs as his three‘Oyhood pals, Carlos featuring: made good use of his marathon Lisa SlIva, Aquarela & Birds of Paradia running skills: delivering pizzas.

For a while,ilteiNent to the top," FEBRUARY: working as Ooofer. On a home SAT-18 et SAT-IS 11CKETS visit after months on the job, he SAN FRANCISCO 8:00 PM (415) 3344106 requested a nail gun. Says Ama(415) 4394404 Too big for one night.

It had to be two!

(415(691.2166 zile, "This was a big surprise to us BERIZIEr. because he had never asked for (510) 143-2363 Galleria Design Center SAN JOSE: anything before. But he didn't (401) 210-1955 Win trips to 101 Henry Adams - SF SANTA CLARA have to ask twice. When I saw his Brazil on VARIG (408) 244-1299 torn and blistered hand, I went to Info: (415) 334-0106 HAAPARD (510)1316-5336 my row-1.0nd CONCORD (510)125-7478 When after struggling through; a variety'Of low-paying jobs, he i so 0 00 surprised them gain. this time .-,. with the decisionlhatia,dvertising ADVANCED TICKETS: $20 AkVisi " MEMBERS: $15 was the Career heAVatited to folA CAPPI—A4OR ALL TICKETS AT THE DOOR $25 SANTINI El45low.,,theyiladlyVaid his tuition.

TO rt And "Carlos, the boy who was JI TOURS raised with a driver, a maid, and a CHAND6N Newtpaper (510(526-1115 TRAVEL cook, put food on table — his (510)843-2363 own as well as others, working as

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38

NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

Ceara's pride and glory is its coastline nearly 600 km of glorious beaches. The beach in this part of the Northeast engenders a special way of life. In nearly all of the beach towns, the people of Ceara live out their folklore every day of the year. They make old-fashioned lacework and handicrafts, cook according to traditional recipes, sleep in hammocks, sail out on jangadas to catch fish, and live in thatched-roof homes.

Should you stray inland into the sertdo you will see a rugged, droughtplagued land, a bleak landscape of dust andcantinga, peopled by vaqueiros (cowboys) who rely on their cattle for almost everything. The dried meat serves as food, tools are fashioned from the bones, and the hides provide clothing: nothing is wasted. For a complete contrast, visit the Serra de Baturitd, a small chain of hills south-west of Fortaleza, which features an agreeable climate and coffee and banana plantations.

For all its size and wealth of culture, Ceara is a poor and undeveloped state. Poverty and disease NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

Ceara has an attraction for every taste. It's the land of Padre Cicero, a legendary figure of the sertao. In September, a quarter of million people, most of them extremely poor, go to Caninde to celebrate Sao Francisco das Chagas. Here is also the land of some of the most beautiful beaches and the most elaborate handicrafts in the country. are rampant and dengue and yellow fever are endemic. Cars and buses are sprayed for mosquitoes at highway police stations, particularly at state borders.

FORTALEZA Fortaleza is now a major fishing port and commercial center in the Northeast. The tourist attractions of the city are limited to a small historical section, a large selection of regional handicrafts, a few good restaurants and some super beaches 20 km beyond the city limits in either direction.

According to revisionist Cearense historians, the Spanish navigator Vicente Yanez was supposed to have landed on Mucuripe beach on 2 February 1500, two months before Pedro Aivares Cabral (Brazil's discoverer) sighted Monte Pascoal in Bahia. Despite this early claim to fame, it was only in 1612 that the first colonizers sailed from the Azores to settle on the banks of the Ceara river. â&#x20AC;˘ The settlement at present-day Fortaleza was hotly contested: it was taken over by the Dutch in 1635, then lost in turn to the Tahajara Indians. In 1639, the Dutch under the command of Matias Beck landed once again, fought off the Indians and constructed a fortress. In 1654 the Portuguese cap39

tured the fortress and reclaimed the site. A town grew around the ,fortress, which was given the name of Fortaleza de Nossa Senhoiw da Assuncao (Fortress of Our Lady of Assumption). Ignored by most .history books, fierce battles with the local Indians continued to delay colonization for many years.

The city is laid out in a convenient grid pattern. The center lies above the old historical sectional I. includes the Mercado Central (COI tral Market), these (cathedral), ad , major shopping streets and govern ment buildings.

East of the center are the bea0e, of Praia de Iracerlia*,i0:Pr6i.i''' Ideal: then continuing eastwards, Avenida POsidente John Kennet links Pra ieiliWia,rio and Praia d Meireles, 'Which - are lined with glitzy hotels and restaurants. Beyond here Are Porto do Mucuripe (the port) and the FaralNelho,(01,' Lighthouse): Praia '''CiiIi-Futuro''.'be gins at the lighthouse and extends' five km southwards along AyenidazDioguinho to the Clube,Caco,,4, Pesca (Hunting & Fishing Club).

Travelers 'have reported pickpocketing , iirt4lie„.,c0; center anc,106' petty theft on the beaches. We als, heard from one traveler abotill* licitous females on Praia do Meireles who cuddle up to travelers and drug their drinks. One woman transported the semiconscious foreigner back to his hotel where she attempted to gain entry to his room on the pretext that she was helping him because he was 'drunk'. Once in the room, she helped herself to his valuables and vanished. Fortunately, the traveler recognized the woman on the street the next day, physically towed her toll* police static*and regained his valuOres. Unfortum(43,1 .

MARANGUAPE Thirty-eight km from Fortaleza on the way to the Serra de Baturite is the town of Maranguape, famous for its Ypioca brand cachafa. The Ypioca aguardente factory is six km from town, the turnoff is near the Shell station. There is no regular transportation to the cachaca plant, but it's not a bad hike and most of the traffic is headed in your direction.

At the. gate, ask for a tour of the 138-year-old plant. Before you step within the grounds, a pungent sour mash smell assaults the senses. Whirring, clanking, steam-spitting Industrial Revolution era machinery crushes the cane to pulp and mush. The raw sugar cane mash undergoes alcoholic fermentation, is distilled, then aged one to three years in huge wooden casks.

40

(lately. he was unable to stop the police from giving the thief an almighty thrashing before letting her go.

Mu seu ins The Centro de Turismo at ma Senador Pompeu. 350 is a restored prison which now contains a folk museum, the main tourist information office and shops selling ariesanate. The Museu de Arte e Cultura Popular (folk museum) houses a variety of interesting displays of local handicrafts, art and sculpture. It's open from 7 am to 6 PM. from Monday to Saturday: and from 7 a in to noon on Sunday.

The Muscu Historico c AntropolOgico do Ceara. a museum devoted to the history and anthropology of Ceara, is at avenida Barao de Studart. 410.

A bizarre exhibit here is the crushed wreckage of a light plane, which is a reminder of the murky politics associated with military nile in Brazil during the '60s. In 196-1. the Ceorense Castello Branco. a hard-core right-winger from the military, organized a military coup to oust Joao Goulart, whom he accused of leftist politics from the presidency and then assumed the presidency himself. Disgusted democrats shed few tears when Castello Branco was killed in a plane crash outside Fortaleza in 1967 - hence the wreckage outside the museum.

The museuntOpen from 7 am to 6 PM, Tuesday to Friday: and from S am to noon and from 2 to 6 PM, on Saturday and Sunday.

Car enthusiasts will want to visit the Museu do Automovel (Veteran Car Museum) at avenida Desembargador Manoel ,Sales de Andrade ,70, in the Agua Fria district, on the southern edge of the city. The museum displays a variety of veteran Buicks. -Pontiacs, Cadillacs. Citroens, etc. It's open from 8 am to noon and from 2 to 5,30 PM, Tuesday to Saturday: and from 9 am to 5 PM on Sunday.

Tcatro itisCde Alenetir The Jose de Alcncar Theater (1910) is an impressive building, a pastelcolored hybrid of classical and art nouveau architecture which was constructed with cast-iron sections imported from Scotland. It is now used for cultural events.

CANINDE Caninde, only 110 km inland from Fortaleza on the BR-020, is the site of one of the Northeast's great religious pilgrimages, the Santuario de Sao Francisco das Chagas. Since 1775 pilgrims . have been coining to Caninde to offer promises and favors to S'a'o Francisco de Assis. Nowadays around 250,000 fervent believers arrive each year most from the sena°, almost all dirt poor.

For Westerners the festival is both colorful and bizarre, and laced with superstition. You'll see many ex-voto offerings and miracle cures. It's a scene right out of a Glauber Rocha film.

The festival begins on 2 September at 4 AM and continues until 4 October. On 30 September, the climax of the festival begins with the celebration for the lavmdores (farm workers), which is followed in turn by celebrations for the vaqueiros (cowboys) on 1 October, and for the viokiros (guitarists and guitar makers) on 2 October.

The culmination of all the festivities begins at 3 AM on 4 October, when the first of nine masses commences. These are followed by a 70,000-strong procession through the town.

Beaches Fortaleza's city beaches are generally dirtv and, with the exception of Praia do Futuro, are unfit for bathing. There are pleasant beaches within 45 minutes of town (1 1/2 hours or so by public transport), but the best beaches all lie further from Fortaleza.

Near Pontc Metalica, the old port. Praia de Iracema was a source of inspiration to Luiz Assuncao and Milton Dias, Ceara's Bohemian poets of the '50s. Unfortunately this beach is now polluted and best avoided. Praia do Meireles is also tainted with pollution and not recommended for bathing, but it fronts avenida Presidente Kennedy, which is a hotel and restaurant strip and a popular place to, hang out in the ev cuing.., Praia" do Figur°, a clean length of sand stretching five km southwards along Avenida Dioguinho to the Clube de Caca e Pesca (Hunting & Fishing Club) is the sole good city beach. Like „gito de Janciro,*Barra de TitjucAAkis being buiitkl.14*at art,61afiiiiitg rate.

There are barracashere whi0h serve fried fish and shrimp.

The beaches immediately north of Fortaleza, Cumbuco and Tparana, are both pleasantl tranquil. Harried travelers can relax from the tensions of tropical living, string up a hammock in the shade of some .,,milk and palm 1 re es,:sifi,, coconut rock thel,PselOS''''Ao slee NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

Parque EcolOgi4do Coco This park, clpsSliopping Center Iguatemi,k4aiSetup in 1991 after locaF,lecblattaalktrtuf.y pressed for protection of the mang ove swamps from encroachin r highways and the industrial zone.

Entrances to tha park. which is. about seven'krn4rom the center -are on avenida Engenheiro Santana and rua Vicente Leite. From the center take the bus marked 'Edison, "ue i roZ%-to Shopping C en te r Igua tend cstiN als Th&Rgata de Jangadas,; jairgbcia, regatta between Praia'd Meireles-qind Praia Mueuripe,As held in t*second half of July. `• The Iemanja festival is heldvon 15 August at Praia do Futuro. The 'Semana do Folclore the town's folk'toe week, takes place in the Centro dqurismo , . from 22 to 29 August. . , Things to Buy leza is onez-of the most pit ,ortanroenters irethe Northeast f'-ierafttisans, work with artlaUba palm fronds, bamboo, 'vines, leather and lace. Much of the Production is geared to the tourist.

'INA there are also goods for urban and Sertancio customers. The markets and lairs are the places to look for clothing, hammocks, wood carvings, saddles, bridles, harnesses and imagaS-Of saints for pilgrims.

You can purchase sand paint; irtggran calcad do - da avenida ,Presiderite Kennedy, watch the artists work and have them customize ,Yourdesign. Best visited in the eV ening.

Lacework, embroidery, raw leather goods, ceramics and articles made of straw are also available rOoti'.the:tentral de Artesanato Litiza Tavora (Handicrafts Center) at avenida Santos Dumont, 1589 in Aldcota district; the Centro do Turismo at rua Senador Pompeu, •350; the Mercado Central on ma General 13ezerril; and tourist bou- tiques(clothing, jewelry, fashion) along avenida Monsenhor Tabosa.

'Cashew nuts are also excellent , value in Fortaleza. ,OTHER BEACHES . Prainha -Thirty-three km south of-Fortaleza via BR-116 and seven knifrom Aquiraz, is the beach town fyrainha (the name means Little %Beach). Prainha is a great beach, and the local fishers will give you rides on their jangadas guape - Five km south of Prainha, isalso a charming little beach with' .jangadas, a few lonely palm trees and sand dunes breaking the clean line of the horizon. Kids in town ski down the dunes on planks of wood. In Iguape, women NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

raid-Children make wonder'ful lacework. Four or more wooden bobs are held in each band nd clicked rapidly and rhythmically • The bobs lay •. :string around metal pins . .which are stuck in burlap cushions. Using this process, beautiful and intricate lace ; JUAZEIRO DO NORTE Juazeiro do Norte, 528 km from Fortaleza, is a magnet for believers in Padre Cicero, who lived in this town and became a controversial figure of the serttio. Not only was he a curate with several miracles to his credit, he also exercised a strong political influence. His astonishing rise to fame was started when an elderly woman received the host from him at mass and claimed that it had miraculously turned to blood. Soon he was being credited with all kinds of miracles and later became drawn into a leading role in the social and political upheavals in the Northeast. Padre Cicero died in 1934, but despite attempts by the Catholic church to deny his sainthood, the claims and adoration of his followers seem to be as strong as ever.

The best time to see this magnetic attraction and devotion is during the festivals and pilgrimages in honor of Padre Cicero. On 24 March, the Aniversario do Padre Cicero celebrates Padre Cicero in legend and song. The romaria (pilgrimage) to Juazeiro do Norte in honor of Padre Cicero takes place on 1 and 2 November and is known as the Dia do Romeiro e Festa do Padre Cicero. The city of Padre Cicero is rich in wood and ceramic sculpture. Look for the work of Expedito Batista, Nino, Cizinho, Jose Celestino, Luis Quirino, Maria de Lourdes, Maria Candida, Francisca, Daniel, Jose Ferreira and Maria das Dores. flowers are crafted.

Save your purchases for Centro das Rendeiras, six km inland, where the lacework' is just as fine and cheaper.

Also on sale are sweet cakes made from raw sugar cane broth which is boiled into a thick mass, pressed and reboiled in vats.

Praia do Morro Branco - This lovely beach, bounded on the coast by the rivers Rio Choro and Rio Piranji and inland by red cliffs, is four kin south of the town of Beberibe. Spurn the annoying child guides who swarm around beach gringos, and instead enjoy the following options: take a jangada ride to the caves, hike to the cliffs of colored sands, drink from the natural springs of the Praia das Fontes, or simply savor the sun and surf.

The big festival here, dedicated to Rio Francisco, is held on 3 and 4 September and features a grand processioIi <calioa Ouch rad a - Once a tiny isiiirig village cut off from the ..,World by its huge pink sand dunes, Canoa Qucbrada is still tiny and etty, but it is no longer the Shangri-La of the past. There are )ots of hip international types run'rig about, but basically the viiage has peaked. Other than the each, the main attractions are watching the sunset from the dunes, riding horses bareback and dancing linTO or reggae by the light of igas lanterns. If you still have energy remaining after a night of dancing, hire a horse (four hours for $7 after bargaining) and ride out early in the morning.

The electricity supply in town is erratic, so torches or candles are handy. Take care, bichas de pe are .'underfoot.';Wear shoes all around town and wherever pigs, sheep, and j ''dogs roam freely. Despite the poor accommodationfoptions, Canoa ' Quebrada is V,6' rotded in the summer.

10'?"rw Beach Park.. full-blown each resort, 2V up the coast rom Fortaleza. is one of the most modern in Brazil, with facilities Such as ultralightsVsurfboards, and ;buggies. It also has an Aqua Park, which features a Inge swimming -/,•• pool complex witlythe highest water toboggan run ,(24 meters; and , speeds up to 80 km/h) in Brazil. It's . quite expensive and would probably appeal more to travelers,,Yry. search of structured fun.

Paracu ru -About 100 km from ' Fortaleza on BR-222 and CE-135, Paracuru is a Cearens4 version of .

Rio de Janeiro's Bfizitis. Coconut .; palms, natural freshwater springs and jangadas complete a tranquil beach picture. 'Although the beach attracts crowds" from Fortaleza at weekenc1SNt's quiet during the rest of the recent years, CarnavalinParadurii has become a byword 'amongst Cearenses-10 beach Excerpts from Brazil - A Travel Survival Kit 2nd edition,

by Andrew Draffen.

Deanna Swaney and Robert Strauss. For more information call Lonely Planet: (800) 2758555. Copyright 1992 Lonely Planet Publications.

Used by permission.

41

miasic,thatiS at the root zilian music is t A new, s sambistas has "'eta hitth'6.,.cjubs and the air: ith eurprisi g hat le this sound n't hear without

°Y: 66 : 11gllu 1991yo'u ., hripsPsa9n li .d

ALESSANDRA DALEVI

ariocas (Rio residents) regard it with n. The rest ol; the country galls it sa nbalanco(sarnba*svoi4g).neo „samba, . sambanejo (samba + country), ;:Faipb.9' brega (samba + kitsch) or sanibine:l'al."

Cariocas. however, call itsantlia.Pa4tista, (from Sao Paulo). the place where:ithe" new rhythm was born, meaning it isMot niba at all. CariocavAinderstandably ty squeamish wherrthe matter is ntand very jealous when they find 'that al-Ion-Carioca/not only can sing alSkean talciCto:Ahe top of the charts. AidtliapOelis;;.:samba was born in Rio. The first recorded samba was Donga's "Pelo Telefone" ("On the Tqle., phone") adt(fWa ire1ea3ed-44-4?17, iii Rio, naturaltY ieteatedi fewleaii Sam balari ago and onlY:„..„IneOtbe beginning oflast year has foiinp'''a significant following.

Today the rhythm ha's,unseatedsertanejo (country) as the most popular music in the land. The:main force behind thiS" feat is Raca Negre(BlackRace)`, a band from Sao Paulo's east side, the Most unglamorous slice of town. At the'end of last.year RacaNegra 4.0,11ready sold4.2 million 'coPiers4If.,..„itS1,3afg Negro latesti biltn!liteprevibus ,Itcsafcl'itas soltaXound 1.5 :Inilltett cripies.3*Put it, in-Utspective`, It.) eifH";eitilbri- the bestseller on the MPB Music) side of musiedlidetellwinore than 200,000 copiesrafi,:', hislOest release* In tune f their new status, the band "5 mairibomposer and OIN ner of the name Raca ,,egra, Luis Carlos da Silva, -4.34, together with his six companions, now`eharges $30,000 for a gig Not bad foralitincli of gi4s who only a few years ; ago 1:to take tle bus to get to the'small - club and private parties in the-sttburbs 42

where they us t sing. Today they all sico (south area), the 4 could move to zonaul Paulo, but they classiest. side of lyear ai. s a,e the a ,rErc11i inbifiN i,iili .ye:as pleasedy:, fe t hre;er)ingstart: 'bro,ntinn4a afti4atunago. be re" first record would plce': , re .Their uneventful begin ning:- '414 5. ,,,,t44i , , 17he producer or .: :5 biins, AntonioQlbgCarvalho.

49, o rbn't make it: lttaStingsuccesS;nypeoplewan 4lel 7h)otherrru to put a violin in the arrangenOt, decide to make their record in Logo'Angeles, and forget that their public is back there in the east side." For their latest 12-cut album, the4roup spent $12,000 and 130 hours i,,pstudio, a modest amount Oktime an money when compared to jimilar ,Nmusical packages. ra has its own jet, Today„,Saca 0 g the foreign car of and its members. have the yearin"iheir.:s,anraa gi uees. In addition, the grou0'.iends .1 o it ; t oeefproducts',includingclotilsiettseoc2viian4dskro nir$P,Their main until recentlY1Wedn't sines who public dtheir rtiiii*conceribthreo &favoriteedifitry Leonardo and singers 49:k ail&: ciano. They even : Zeze Di qi:Ing 4iiagricultural fairs g4!,: have beeitittii.

C ,1::: 9d to be exclusive domain of Nbvelleili wand1. The female fans have crooners nt:( to citontii m ninhibited asito freuir ''fianties and5other quentlytprow the singeil"40*, ieces their -,...onbellex able how love increase the passing of time." commente La Vem o Negri() Cravo e Canela La vein o negao, cheio de paixao Te cata, te cata, te cata Querendo ganhar todas as menininhas Nem coroa ele perdoa nao Fungou no cangote da linda morena Te cata, te cata, te cata Loirinha, a cafungada do negao e um problema Se ninguem soube amar Pode se preparar, chegou a salvacao SO alegria, pode se arrumar Chegou o negAo E a maior curticAo As garotinhasja vem requebrando Pra ficar corn esse negao

Here comes Darky here comes darky, full of passion To catch you, to catch you Willing to get all the little chicks Not even the grannies he leaves alone He got a whiff at the gracious brunette's nape To catch you, to catch you Blondie, dark) 'S whiff is a problem If nobody learned to love Get ready, salvation has come Joy alone, you can get ready Darky has come It's a big ball The little chicks come swaggering To get this darky

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

da Silva recently, while showing some scratches caused by a more daring fan.

"Who would think women would want to grab a big black guy like me."

The second place in the ranking of the metal sambistas is a band called So pra Contrariar (Just to Nag). One year ago, nobody outside the little domestic balls circuit knew them. This has changed dramatically in the last few months, after their song "A Barata" ("The Cockroach") became a top hit and their album ended up selling half a million copies. Now their agenda is full, months in advance, and they do around 20 shows a month, all over Brazil. They have done openair shows with thousands of spectators. .

There are more thUte6nagers listening fefoR'4:94,2 Negra. So pra Contraiiat Cravo e Canela (Cloveaild Cinnamon), Wander Pires and their like. To be such big hits they have to reach different age and economic groups. In Porto Alegre, the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado FM radio, the audience leader in the city, has a menu where samhalano is the entree, the main course, and the dessert. It's the same story at Sao Paulo's superstation Transcontinental FM. In Rio, despite the sour .grapes, the sophisticated south-zone discos that have 'changed their format to Paulista samba always have G full house.

Their rhythm is so contagious that even people who profess to hate their music tand their guts) catch themselves muttering their tunes.

This, combined with simple; 'lyrics dealing with love. and heartaches, seems 1.64bethe secret of their success. Even though the tunes sometimes have a racier side, as when the Crave e Canela band sings in its "Al vem o Negao" (-Here comes the Big Black IGuy") :Nem coma ele perdoa

nao/ Fungou no cangote da 'Thula morena... (Not even 91d ladies he leaves alone/ He whilli?d at the nape of the !lovely brunette...)

The sambalanco has ap., propriated melodies. song =Ind lyrics from several musical styles. From country 4EVVS Born BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

Volta Raca Negra Fiquei sabendo por oiltras pessoas Que voce no vai ficar cOmigo Que, pra voce, tudo acabou Fim de caso, fim do nosso amor Me pediu urn tempo, disse que era para pensar Que seu amor por mim nunca vai acabar Entao volta e fala pra mim que ĂŠ mentira Que nao vai me deixar por ninguem Entao volta e acaba de vez coin essa angustia E diga pra mim, pois nao custa Que sempre vai me amar Mas o tempo este passando E nada de voce voltar Estou confuso, nab sei em quern acreditar Celular Wander Pires Se voc'e sentir saudade Liga pro men celular Liga pro meu celular Nao deixa a saudade imperar 0 amor e tab sublime que abencoa o coracao Chega a ser ate um crime Reprimir uma paixao De um fim nesse regime De ser dona da razao A saudade se redime Numa simples ligacao Quem ja levou surra de amor Nao briga Diz urn ale E por favor me liga

Come back I've been told by other people That you are not staying with me That, to you, everything has ended End of affair, end of our love You asked me for time, told me it was to think That your love for me Will never end Come back then and tell me that's a he That you are leaving me for anybody Come back then and for once put an end to this anguish And tell me, since this is easy, That you'll always love me But time is passing And you don't come back I'm confused, I don't know w ho to believe Cellular If you get the longing Call my cellular Call my cellular Don't let the longing win Love is so sublime That it blesses the heart It even can become a crime To repress a passion Put an end to this regime Of being owner of the truth Longing can redeem itself By a simple phone call Whoever has been battered by love Doesn't fight Say hello And please do call

music they adopted the simple lyrics and the lost-love thematic; from romantic rock, the rhythm; from the old samba, the spice; from reggae, the swing; from funk, their hallucinated choreography. Their singers have been giving new clothes to old songs and making them know n to a new generatietri who would never. appreciate them otherwiseOld sambistas, even w hen disagreeing with their interpretation, have . been courting Raca Negra and other neo samba groups in order to have an outlet for their production,

The aPipeal of the new sound can be illustrated by a story between Romario, the World Cup hero, and his lover Andrea de Oliveira. After one of the couple's frequent fights, in Barcelona, Rornario, humble, anxious fora reconciliation, but unable to utter the right words that would touch Andrea's heart, from his car's cellular called the lover and let her listen to this Raga Negra's tune: Escrevi o tett nome a laser pelos muros/ Nosso amor nĂŁo pode mais se esconder/ Quero andar nas avenidas dofuturo/SĂł corn voce, so corn voce (With laser I

tagged walls with your name/ Our love cannot stay hidden anymore/ I want to walk on the avenues of the future! Only with you, only with you). It worked.

She cried, and later said. "Who can resist such a beautiful thing?"

Paulinho da Viola, one of the old guard's most respected sambistas, although not a fan of the new rhythm, found some good words for the neo sambistas for a recent interview with newsweekly magazine Isto E: "I've learned a lesson in life.

Nothing that becomes such a hit can be that bad. Some musical blending is able to strike a chord with people's sensibilities. They were able to capture a feeling that was there, in the air." Even those who might resent these bands' successes, like Leandro from the country duo Leandro & Leonardo, observes, "Brazil is very big and there's room for samba and country.

We have been filling a place on the radio that belonged to foreign music. And it's good that the same thing is happening to samba."

The Demonios da Garoa (The Drizzle's Demons), the oldest vocal ensemble in Latin America according to the Guinness Book of Records, after 52 years of doing samba, also decided to embark on the new swing samba. The result was immediate: their latest song, "0 Seu Querer" ("Your Love") zipped to the top of the charts.

But there is at least a celebrated sambista unconvinced.

Beth Carvalho, from the top of her samba tower has decreed, -This is nothing more than a fleeting fad. The sound of these groups is too banal. Melodies and lyrics are so bad they can make you cry." o 43

Brazilian Notas SCOTT ADAMS With the passing of Antilnio Carlos Jobim last December 8, I though it only appropriate to direct you to some Brazilian treasures to help keep his memory and music alive: Ruy Castro's book, Chega de Saudade - Historia e as HistOrias da Bossa Nova (published by Companhia das Letras, and available by writing to Editora Schwartz, Ltda. Rua Tupi, 522 SA() Paulo, Brazil 01233 Tel. 011 826-1822 or fax 011 826-5523) is an insightful accounting of the complete story of bossa nova as it really happened. Castro's research is nothing less than astounding; hundreds of interviews, thousands of stories tracked and verified, nearly five years of preparation.

The story unfolds with the panorama of the times: We're in the studio with young Joao Gilberto and Jobim as they record the very first bossas, we relive the all-night gatherings in Nara Lao's Copacabana apartment, the Farney/Sinatra fan club, Ipanema's now-famous Veloso bar. The hundreds of pictures provide their own narrative. They illustrate the cultural revolution of bossa nova in ways that even the music fails to show.

y unmatched in the world."

the bec '91 &few highlight4b an inspired kentlition "Samba dp ftiviAo," complete with timed perfectli.with airline " conclusiott of the sOng.

And that's only the tip of the uh, iceberg.

Don't .be, Surprised to see Leila Pinheiret BericdoBossallovareturn to the marketplaVe. It has become the only bossa nova record ever to have gone gold in Brazil. Produced by Roberto Menescal, Leila moves through 40 of these timeless classics with a style that has prompted bossa nova veteran Ronaldo Boscoli to write: "Bossa nova, fulfilling the gap left by Nara Lea°, has decided to elect Leila its new muse with this work. After a long and loving date, Leila chose this recording to celebr te her union with this movement."

Thetaiis niOrehan a passing res blame to Nara Ledo with this recording. The musical style is in keeping with the original, and voice her sweeps and soars gently, with great playpassi n.

• SO

thee clays

rS d:

Want a few more? Andre Geraissati, Victor Biglione, Pascoal Meirelles, Roberto Sion, Tomas, Paulinho Trompete, William Magalhaes, Zezo Ribeiro.

Echoing Visom's involvement with Windham Hill is Rio-based Caju Music and its relationship with Fantasy Inc. British owner Barry. Powely paints an enthusiastic picture for Brazilian instrumental music with a clear understanding of his labels' objectives.

"When we started Caju four years ago, our idea was to provide high quality recordings of unknown musicians and give them a shot at establishing, themselves," said Powely. "Then we found that many other small labels began popping. up with the smile approach. Now these musicians from Rio's club scene are more in the public's eye, not only here in Rio but all over Brazil and now in the, US. There's been an incredible intease over the last few years."

Through Milestone World Music,

a musical em ' caP,tur ' with ita7past thief transcenf and rep1ces it Vrifith genui 'rising international of toniettporary jazz has Qothe to ..rovide a launching pad' for Brazilian Instrumental Music, and snbsequently it's been targeted as "the next 13ra Ian wave." 'irou need look no: tlhan .. ate Windham Hill's Instrume this from Brazil sampler to see:. mtisieal trend has begun to take f4d It features 13 tracks and nine artists vim' the highly stocked Visom Records talent , pool.

There- are period maps of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo that pinpoint the sites and locations of the music, like the famous Bottle's Bar, aptly named for the barrage of glass bottles that would rain down from nearby apartments to end the frequent late-night jam sessions. Concert programs, album covers, promo-, tional posters — they're all reproduced "Many factors have' shaped otir dihere, along with their stories. rection, but most important is our desire to show the rest of the world our own No doubt,. Jobim's death will pre- cultural growth," said label ownerCarlos cipitate another resurgence of Bossa de Andrade. "Brazil's economic and Nova, and as before, it's more than just social problems get so much attention the music. Last spring, Jobim was inau- that it's sometimes difficult to remind gurated into the Songwriters Hall Of people of the richness that exists here. In Fame, and like some musical Moses lead- Brazil, you have contemporary fusion ing his people home, he returned to Rio with Torcuato Mariano, the modern riding a wave of public pride that has interpretations of traditional regional surpassed anything in recent memory. music with A lemiio and the unvarnished enthusiasm of Ulisses Rocha on yet anHis now legendary performance on other side. Our,musical variety isyirtu44

Groups: Aquarela Carioca, No Em Pingo D'Agua, Gabo Preto, Uakti, La Vem a Tribo, Opus 5, Zonazul. Artists: Mario Cimbelli, Nand° Cardeiro, Edgar Duvivier, Paulo Brasil, Mauro Senise, Serginho Trombone, Marcos Resende, Rildo Hora, Junior Homrich, Gilson Peranzzetta.

,Caju's releases have included Gosto de , Brasil; a sparkling jazz interpretation of music from the Brazilian Northeast, ineluding a special tribute to Luiz Gonzaga. The Bonfa Magic chronicles the long career of guitarist Luis Bonfa, by having the artist revisit his most famous compositions. Dois Inntios by clarinetist Paulo Moura and guitarist Raphael Rebell° won the Sharp Premium Award for Best Instrumental Recording of 1993. It's the highest honor in Brazil's recording industry and was repeated by the Caju label again in 1994.

"We're working to become the Deutsche Gramophone of Brazil," said Powely. "And its something we feel the North American buyer will continue to appreciate. I expect success will occur as new marketing teplmiques help the US buyer to be more aware of what he is purchasing."

As we begin the new year, two albums stand out as early favorites. One, an orchestral masterpiece that truly captures the spirit of Bossa Nova, and the other, a Pan-American portrait from NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

Roberto Perera.

When a young Joao Gilberto emerged from Rio's Odeon recording studios one afternoon in 1958, he had no idea that his new 78 rpm single "Chega de Saudade" would grow to influence generations worldwide. But 36 years later, Bossa Nova, like some rare and beautiful perennial, has returned to the musical forefront.

Ettore Stratta and The Royal Philharmonic are the latest to discover this musical truth with their new release, Symphonic Bossa Nova, on Warner Music's Teldec label. Conductor Stratta 's credits include recordings with Barbra Streisand, Placido Domingo and Lena Horne, and three similar crossover albums includingSymphonic Tango, Symphonic Boleros, and The Symphonic Andrew Lloyd Weber.

But why Bossa Nova, the American musak of the 70's? A fair question in a modern world where speed is measured in nanoseconds and our collective memory in megabytes. The answer, literally, is as close as your ears. Symphonic Bossa Nova is a tonic for what we miss in life. The calming things we pass by, or put off. Like stopping to smell, (or here's a reality check) even notice the roses.

And don't let the word "symphonic" scare you off. This isn't your father's classical orchestra.

Stratta's keen musical sense hones this group to a razor sharp edge, with a supporting cast that includes saxophonist Tom Scott, flutist Hubert Laws and vibe master Gary Burton. Add the Brazilian contingent-Trumpeter Claudio Roditi, Oscar CastroNeves and Don Caymmi to one of the world's finest orchestras and you have a potent world class line up.

The songs: "One Note Samba," "Wave," "How Insensitive" and "Berimbau" are forever etched into our social fabric. But others, like the soulful "Atras da Porta" have their own special appeal. And you may even remember Dori Caymmi's first hit song, made famous by Sergio Mendes and Brazil 66, but you'll never forget "Like A Lover" once you've heard Al Jarreau sing it on Symphonic Bossa Nova.

Antonio Carlos Jobitn's liner notes paint this mental picture from his hillside home in Rio: Beautiful sunny morning...

After the rain and the unusually NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

cold night came this unexpectedly sunny morning. A falcon sunbathes on the top of the garapa tree while I listen to this wonderful recording, hiding be h hid sunglasses. Deep inside the forest, a toucan calls... Now, admit it. Couldn't you use some of that in your life? And that's another great truth, isn't it?

Symphonic Bossa Nova is available from MusicSource at 1 (800)-490-5465.

Uruguayan harpistRoberto Perera's long affair with Brazilian music has resurfaced once again, with the release of his new Heads Up album, Seduction.

Riding high on the success of Dreams & Desires which won Billboard's coveted prize as Contemporary Latin Jazz Album of the Year, Perera builds on his tried and true platform of Latin pop and soothing instrumentals.

Seduction begins with a samba, "Take You There," allowing the full resonance of his instrument, the Paraguayan Folk Harp, to make its presence felt. The gentle rhythm moves through several delightful changes, finally settling on its smooth samba rhythm, with guest musician Paquito D'Rivera's clarinet flowing gracefully along with the melody.

"Delfrio" which showcases D'Rivera's alto sax in a more reflective setting, and several crossover titles portray a decidedly gentle passion. Perera's confidence as leader allows him the luxury of letting the full musicianship of his group surface without his overt presence. That plus his arranging skill and a singular understanding of his instrument (very difficult, indeed) makes each track a winner.

"Bringing the harp into the mainstream of contemporary instrumental music has been a very rewarding challenge. My folk harp is significantly different from, say, the concert harp used

by Andreas Vollenweider. I have much more freedom to create the variety of sounds and textures heard on Seduction.

One minute, it will sound like a 12 string guitar, the next a cavaquinho, or a plucked violin. The folk harp's simplicity is deceiving; there's a whole symhony to be found in this instrument, and think the listeners will be surprised."

Stevie Wonder's "I Am Singing" rovides a special highlight, and underines Roberto Perera's growing desire to nite all of his Americas; North, Central nd South, with his own musical direcCon. The song opens with Perera's harp Others, such as the 1950's bolero roviding the melody and slips easily into its lyrical message, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Rarely rillICI(' 1.111 e X0 tit! 111/2 SNIjt.11.17.1112 1 . ) %Nl i I 11 011I2 Of has any artist attempted anything COilie1111)0 2/1 1, 4 rif fro cr -- Iility /42ti so hemispheric with such grace and joy.

TiarmelOartuick

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Twelve extraordinary songs including "Captives of the Heart," co-written by Burt Bacharach.

Featuring Brazilian music legends Antonio Carlos Jobim, Batacoto, Chico Buarque and others.

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His compositions, "Romance de Medianoche," "Spanish Dancer" and "Cromatina" all feature his flowing technique and mastery of improvisation. And throughout his career, his challenge has been to elevate a simple folk instrument to an international status. His first album Passions, Illusions & Fantasies scored a Gold record for sales in Latin America, where he is regularly featured on Telemundo and Uni vision.

Seduction is recorded well, too, and Roberto Perera's harp has never sounded better. You can receive a free Heads Up Sampler CD by sending $3.50 for shipping and handling to Heads Up International, Ltd., PO Box 976 Lynwood, WA 98046. Order it directly from Tower Music at 1(800) 648-4844.

You can receive a free subscription to The Brazilian Music Review and sample selected tracks from these two albums and others 24 hours a day by calling The Brazilian Music Review Listener Line at (708) 292-4545.

45

Books

Gaiola dasloucas

best-sellers

Fiction

Capital Estrangeiro - Alle-

gory about contemporary Brazil, written by Silvio de Abreu and directed by Cecil Third. In Rio A Comedia dos Erros - An adaptation of Shakespeare

by Caca Rosset. With Cristiane Tricerri and Maria Alice Vergueiro. In Sao Paulo.

A Gaiola das Loucas Twenty years later, Rio's Cage aux Folles is back with the same duo who starred in it two decades ago, Jorge Doria and Carvalhinho.

Jorge Fernando directs the new mise-en-scene.

Louro, Alto, Solteiro, Procura - Miguel Falabella,

1. Na Margem do Rio Piedra Eu Sentei e Chorei

Paulo Coelho (Rocco) 2. Nada Dura para Sempre

Sidney Sheldon (Record)

3. Comedias da Vida Privada - Luis Fernando Veris-

simo (L & PM) 4. Contos Reunidos

Rubem Fonseca (Companhia das Letras) American films just released: Oleanna (Uleanna),

The Mask (0 Mascara),101 Dalmatians (101 Drilmata.s.

- A Guerra dos Dalmatas), Richie Rich (Riquinho), Baby's Day Out (Ninguem Segura Este Bebe), Endless Summer II (Endless Summer 22, Vanya on 42nd Street Clio Vania em Nova York), Highlander 3 - The Sorcerer (Highlander 3 - 0 Feiticezro), Death Wish 5 (Desejo de Matar), The Man Without a Face (0 Houten? sem Face), Junior (Junior), The Killing Zone (Parceiros do Crime), Interview with the Vampire (Entrevista com o Vamptro) The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (Priscilla, a Rainha do Deserto)

5. Jogo Perigoso

1

Stephen King (Objetiva) 6. As Valkirias

Bed Time Stories

Paulo Coelho (Rocco)

(Pop) Warner Music Madonna Rhythm and blues

quez (Record)

who wrote the text, plays all 17 characters of this comical monologue. In Rio. 0 Medico e o Monstro - In Sobre Todas as Forcas this Georg Osterman'a com(Reggae) edy, a physician creates a Sony Music potion that changes him into Cidade Negra a monster. In Sao Paulo.

Third release of this Nas Raias da Loucura controversial reggae band Name inspiredby interpreter Claudia Raia. Lyrics by Silvio de Abreu and directed

by Ze Rodrix.

Forrest Gump - Australia - (1994) - There A Nova California - Based drag queens cross Australia (Sound Track) on short story by Lima aboard a bus called Priscilla.

Sony Music Barreto. Man changes bones Barnabo de la Montagna Elvis Presley, (0 Guardia째 da Montanha) in gold. Directed by Jose - Italy -(1994)- The coming Bob Dylan, Maria Rodrigues. In Rio of age of an adolescent. Di& others Porca Miseria - Four Ital- rected by Mario Brenta. ian brothers struggle to sur- Carlota Joaquina - Princevive in Sao Paulo. Director: sa do Brazil - Brazil - 1994 Directed by Carla CamuGianni Ratto. In Sao Paulo -rati, Voodoo it tells the story of the Maria Querida Mamae wife of Dom Joao VI. (Rock) Adelaide Amaral play about Map of the Human Heart EMI-Odeon Endo) a touchy mother-daughter (Mapa do Corny gland/Canada - (1992) - EsRolling Stones relationship. In Rio. kimo falls in love when in a HuTangos e Tragedias Montreal hospital. morists Hique Gomez and Vela Esta Cancel째 - Brazil Perhaps Love Nico Nicolaiewski have (1993) - Four episodes inbeen packing the Palladium, spired by four songs: (Romantic music) -Pisada de Elefante" (Ben in Sao Paulo, for 10 years.

Sony Music Jor), "Drao" (Gil) "Samba Trair e Cocar E SO Come car do Grande Amor" (Chico Phicido Domingo A loony maid makes life Buarque), and "Voce d.

Domingo sings American miserable for her bosses. In Linda (Caetano Veloso). classics with John Denver.

Caca Diegues directs.

Sao Paulo.

2

3

4

5

7 .Do Amor e Outros Demonios - Gabriel Garcia Mar8. Corrida pela Heranca

Sidney Sheldon (Atica) 9. 0 Fisico

Noah Gordon (Rocco) 10. Entrevista con: o Vampiro

Anne Rice (Rocco)

Nonfiction 1. Maktub

Paulo Coelho (Rocco) 2. Chato, o Rei do Brasil

Fernando Morais (Comp. das Letras) 3. Auto Estima

Lair Ribeiro (Objetiva) 4. Anjos Cabalisticos

Monica Buonfiglio (Berkana) 5. Olho Magic째 3 N.E. Thing (Martins Fontes) 6. Olho Magic째 2

N. E. Thing (Martins Fontes) 7. Saudades do Seculo 20

Ruy Castro (Companhia das Letras) 8. Cruzando o Limiar da Esperanca - John-Paul II

(Francisco Alves) 9. A Lanterna na Popa

Roberto Campos (Top Books) 10. 0 Olho Mcigico

N. E. Thing (Martins Fontes).

NEWS from BRALL - FEBRUARY 1995 46

LIVE IN THE

POR

us

Emilinha Borba. the singer whose name is synonym with Carnaval in Brazil, is coming to energize the Carnaval in the US, this February. Her most famous tunes became classics and although they were first recorded more than 40 years ago; they are still played and sung by 'young and old in virtually every Carnaval ball. There isn't a Brazilian who doesn't know her first big hit, Chiquita Bacana, released in 1952 or Coin Jeito rai, from 1953. In 1964 she sang Ahdata Bossa Nova and the next year Se a Canoa nao l'irar, both hits. She never stopped.

Last year, for example, she recorded the Carnaval song Arrastao do Amor, a tribute to Rio. Emilinha recorded many other pop hits not related to Carnaval, starred in three films and sang in 48 others. Ronald Boscoli, one of the fathers of bossa nova, called her "Brazil's last myth alive." The singer, who lives in Copacabana, says that her trip to the US is the realization of the old dream to know California. She will be singing at the 26th Annual Friends of Brazil Carnaval '95, in San Francisco, on February 18 and 25. For more information call (415) 334-0106.

HELPING HAND In Brazil, the Legi5o da Boa Vontade, a non-profit organization, has been doing charity for decades.

When they opened an office recently in Manhattan, adopted the name of Legion of Good Will, and affiliated itself to the United Nations, we knew we would soon be hearing about their good deeds in American soil. It's happening right now. The Legion's staff is accepting applications for families in need of food, clothes, shoes, blankets, and other basic necessities. The person to call is Mrs. Joana Vitorino at the phone (212) 302-3700. For those interested in contacting her in person or by mail, the address is 45 West 46th St. - 5th Floor, New York, NY 10036;

BIG BUCKS Among the 15 scientists given the 1994 Faculty Fellow Award by president Bill Clinton, at the end of last year, one was Brazilian Marcelo Gleiser, a professor of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Dartmouth. He was awarded the honor thanks to his research on the evolution of the universe after the big bang.

The value of the prize is half a million dollars, to be ,paid $100,000 a , year, for Five 4 years. With his first share of the money, the scientist decided to buy a series of top of the line computers and software, and to hire finally some help to continue his research on the universe. Born in Copacabana. Gleiser made all his graduate and post-graduate studies in Rio, something he is proud- of. -This prize," he says, -shows that people can have a very good education studying in Brazil," NEWS from BRAZIL -

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(818) 248-3667 213 255-8062 NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

FEIRA LIVRE OPEN MARKET BOOKS

Music

Livros brasileiros.Comprepelo Correio. Literatura, best-sellers, dicionarios, livros tecnicos. Peca catalog° gratuito. Luso Brazilian Books - P.O. Box 170286NFB - Brooklyn, NY 11217 Info: (718) 624-4000 - Only for orders: (800) 727-LUSO. Know-How - Ingles para Brasileiros - Livro pratico de InglesPortugues gravado em tres fitas K7. Pronancia americana. $40 total. Envie cheque ou money order para: Graham Books - P.O. Box 291453 - Port Orange, FL 32129-1453. Tel: (407) 3510254.

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Brazilian Music Therapy Group meetings to listen to, translate, understand and enjoy songs. This is an informal class OPPORTUNITY for Brazilian song lovers not for music professionals. (415) 771- Ganhe diariamente $200, $500 ou mais mostrando calculadora 9474 Enjoy the pleasures of life: e relogio de pulso que realmente learn to fly helicopter (in En- falam resultados e horas em glish or Portuguese)! Call now! Ingles e Espanhol, sendo alarma Phone/Fax: (805) 297-3691 - galo que canta por urn minuto.

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TO PLACE AD: Send ad with cheek or money order to News from Brazil P.O. Box 42536 Los Angeles, CA 90050-0536.

Write: M.F.K., P.O. 215, Redmond, WA 98073 Americano, 37 anos, elgado, olhos azins, professor d Ingres.

Fala Frances, Espanhol, tahano, Portugues. Deseja encontrar brasileira, 18-30 anos. Escreva para William, 1431 Ocean Ave., #1106, Santa Monica, CA, 90401.

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NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995 49

WEDNESDAY 1

TV & RADIO

101.1111 0 NI 411 441 Zabumba has live music daily. See ad at p. 4

THURSDAY 2 1:1471401111:111111i 8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de Ipanema at Tatou

tr*T1ARAtvi 9:00 PM - Carla() and guitar at Nino's

E:f110 k 1::16 MO I WAWA

BOSTON

9:00 PM - Marcos Santos at 14 Below

Coracao Brasileiro - Every Sunday, 12:00 noon with Dennis Miller - 88.1 FM WMBR

E:fil 0 11011 0 C•3 &leis]

FRIDAY 3 9100 PM - 1:30 AM - Brazil Brasil si land Aquarela Show with So mbra at The Ferryboat

r:TMA

:111111i

CHICAGO

8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

The Sounds of Brazil - Every Saturday, 10.00 PM , 95.5 FM, WNUA with Scott Adams

SATURDAY 4 11[01:11n0ragli-4.1

LOS ANGELES Sounds of Brazil - Every Thursday, 9:30 am - 11 am, KPFK, 90.7 FM with Sergio Mielniczenko Brazilian Hour -Every Saturday and Sunday, 9:00 am - 10 am, KXLU, 88.9 FM with Sergio Mielniczenko

8:00 PM - Constellation Band at Za u rnb a

SUNDAY 5 1YATET-inintiter0 2:00 PM - 8:00 PM - Brazilian Folkloreat 14 La Perla Restaurant, 1832 Columbia Rd. - (202) 7235854 8:00 P M -New Constellation Band at Zabumba

THURSDAY 9 1:1 VI- a WA: 1 II ICI

MIAMI

8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de !panema at Tatou

RADIO

9:00 PM - Carlo and guitar at

Brazilians Love Jazz -Every Sunday, 5:00 pm - 6 00 pm with Gina Martelli- 93 9 - Love 94

9:00 PM - Katia Moraes at 14 Below

TV BTN (Brazilian TV Network) - 11:00 pm - 1'00 am, DCI ch. 40, S South ch. 51, Adelphia ch. 52, Gold Coast ch. 99 Luqui Corporation -Jornal Bandeirantes - 11:00 pm 1:00 am, Dynamic ch. 20, S South ch. 41, Gold Coast ch. 44, DCI ch. 45

Iti4Tf#11-41 giTACIFIC

FRIDAY 10 8:00 PM -Roberto CarlosatJames Knight Center in Downtown 8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

01 =TIM &TKO) 9:00 PM - 1:30 AM - Brazil Brasil Show with Sombrasiland Aquarela at The Ferryboat

SATURDAY 11 TATE 800 PM -Roberto CarlosatJames Knight Center in Downtown

Carnaval balls all over the cbun ry '• Zabumba

LIN/0Ni 41X0i : ii

8:00 PM - 1:00 AM - Romance in Rio Brazilian Carnaval Ball with MILA at Travel Lodge Hotel, 700 Queenway Dr. - (310) 436-7794

SUNDAY 12

avxi:lloreticoim 2:00 PM - 8:00 PM - Brazilian Folklore at 14 La Perla Restaurant, 1832 Columbia Rd. - (202) 723-5854

FrilrEFIFTT0reigT•101

6:30 PM -11:30 pm -Carnaval Ballwith Zeca do Trombone at Pasand Lounge

KellIA Lei 4 I 4:1 8:00 PM - New Constellation Band at Zabumba

LOS ANGELES

14 Below - 1348 14th St.. Santa Monica - (310) 451-5040 Bokaos Club - 8689 Wilshire Beverly Hills- (310) 659-1200 Cafe llaussa -11533W. Pico B12 West L.A.- (310) 478-7866 Fais-Do-Do - 5257 W. Adams L.A. - (310) 842-6171 La Ve Lee- 12514 Ventura BI. Studio City - (815) 980-8158 Le Cafe - 14633 Ventura 131. Sh. Oaks - (818) 986-2662 Nlauro's - 8112 Melrose Ave. Los Angeles - (213) 653-2874 Saint Marks- 23 Windy, aid Ave. Venice - (310) 452-2222 Sam bal,a - 199 Cherry Ave. Long Beach - (310) 983-9190 Tatou - 233 N. I3everly Dr.Beverly Hills - (310)274-9955 Zabumba -10717 Venice Blvd Pulver city - (310) 841-6525

it01-1111101c1 4 III 4:1 8:00 PM - Constellation Band at 50

NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

THURSDAY 16 .:14v,i4:14i11:111 8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

1:11 0:1411141 9:00 PM - Carlao and guitar at Nino's

Olt f1.1 lTA Di i iefitej 9:00 PM - Marcos Santos at 14 Below

FRIDAY 17 1:1 Al 4 8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de Ipanema at Tatou

at 14 La Perla Restaurant, 1832 Columbia Rd - (202) 723-5854

1101-1F11144 8:00 PM -New Constellation Band at Zabumba

THURSDAY 23

paciviFJ110 EOM*mu!

1:1M411101:11111C1 8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

MiTIWINDOIRTOIC

1:1 4 II 4141 6:30 PM - 11:30 pm - Grito de Carnaval with Zeca do Trombone at Pasand Lounge 9:00 PM - Carla() and guitar at Nino's

10:00 PM - 4:00 AM - Carnaval Verde e Rosawith Jamelao and Miss Brazil-94 at New York State Armory, Lexington Ave. (bet. 26th & 27th St.) - (212) 7684832

E=Tialffirreilziele] 8:00 PM - 26th Annual Friends of Brazil Carnaval with Carnaval legend Emilinha Borbaat Galleria Design Center. - 101 Henry Adams - (415) 3340106. See ad at p. 38

Iti 4 Illr*j 8:00 PM - Yoruba Carnaval Festival with Marcos Santos at Fars Do Do 9:30 PM - Brazilian Carnaval Night with Brazilian Girls and special guest Max Jr at Zabumba. See ad p. 4

SUNDAY 19 A'!1: i treit.1O fat 2:00 PM - 8:00 PM Brazilian Folklore

SAN FRANCISCO Alberto's - 736 W. Dana St., Mtn View, (415) 968-3007 Aioli - 469 Bush Street San Francisco- (415)2490900 Ashkenaz - 1317 San Pablp Ave.-Berkeley (510) 525-504,. , Bahia - 41 Franklin, St. Francisco (415) 626-3306 4Chambord - 152 Kearney St. *. Francisco (415) 43473688 The Ferryboat -Embareadero St, Pier 3, SF, (415) 7884866 Nino's - 1916 Martin L, King Jr., Berkeley (510) 845-9303 Pasand Lounge - 2284 Shattuck Ay ,Bork (510)848-0260 The Ramp -855 China Basin ,Sart,granciseo (415) 621-2378 :Yoshr's -6030 Claremont Ave. 'Oakland (510) 652-9200

,

8:00 PM -Super Carnaval 95starts tonight and runs every night including Sunday 26 at Las Vegas Ill.

9:00 PM - 1:30 AM - Brazil Brasil Show with Sombrasil and Aquarela at The Ferryboat

SATURDAY 18 147111'01 tl

Tv & RADIO

M17111111Wit•Iiillifi 9:00 PM - Katia Moraes at 14 Below

FRIDAY 24 1:14v.14z1 Ur11111W1 8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

DNA A 7:00 PM - Karen Yamashita reads from her novels Brazil Maru and Through the Arc of the Rain Forest at AFSC, 980 N Fair Oaks - (818) 791-1978

E:f110 zfil 0 Di E.1•101

NEW YORK/ NEW JERSEY RADIO Brasil corn S - Every Saturday, 9:00 PM with Judith King, 88.3 FM - WBGO Brazil FM - Every Sunday, 10:00 PM with Tulio Reis 105.9 FM - VVNWK Brazil Street Samba - Every Friday, 10.00 PM with Leo Costa & Alberto Lopes - 89.9 FM - WKCR

TV Brazilians in America-TV - Every Sunday, 5:30 PM Channel 16 Views of Brazil -Every Saturday, 4:00 PM - Channel 31

9:00 PM - 1:30 AM - Brazil Brasil Show withSombrasilandAquarela at The Ferryboat

S. FRANCISCO

SATURDAY 25

Agora Brasil - Every Saturday, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM, KPFA, 94.0 FM with Elvira

8:00 PM - 3:00 AM - 14th Annual Brazilian Mardi Gras with MILA, Constelacao and Sol e Mar at Hollywood Palladium - (213) 8527119. See ad at p. 3

MI 0 I 0110 NE-1001 .

8:00 PM - 26th Annual Friends of Brazil Carnaval with Carnaval legend Emilinha Borba at Galleria Design Center - 101 Henry Adams - (415) 334-0106. See ad at p. 38

zti I-4 0 litOMI 12:00 NOON- 2:00 PM - Dancing to the beat of a Brazilian Drum at Crocker Art Museum - (916) 2645423

SUNDAY 26 REI=1: 1 10 ret fel 0 o 2:00 PM - 8:00 PM - Brazilian Folkloreat 14 La Perla Restaurant, 1832 Columbia Rd - (202) 7235854

1417111#11141 6:30 PM - 11:30 pm - Carnaval Ball with Zeca do Trombone at Pasand Lounge

Cola and Eric Taller Brasileirinho- Every Wednesday, 9:30 PM, KZSC, 88.1 FM with Renato Frota Canta, Brasil - Every Sunday, 6:00 PM - 8.00 PM KKUP, 91.5 FM, with Xuxu, Maria Jose and David

Heyman A Taste of Brazil - Every Sunday, 10:00 PM- 11'00 PM, KKSF, 103.7 with Dick

Conte Tropicalia Brasiliana Every Friday, 8 00PM-9:00 PM, KUSF, 90.3 with Ralmundo Franco

WASHINGTON Berimbau - Brazilian Music- Every Saturday, 9:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 89.3 FM, WPFW, Pacifica Radio, with Gisele Mills

11[0:1,110rel 411 8:00 P M - New Constellation Band at Zabumba

JEVVS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995 51

Boston Area Books Livraria Plenitude (800) 532-5809 Consulate Consulado G. do Brasil (617) 617-542-5202 Dentist Sylvia P. Lassa (617) 924-1882 Food & Products Aqui Brazil (617) 787-0758 Brasil Brasil (617) 561-6094 Instruction Braz. & Amer. Lg. Inst.

(617) 787-7716 Music Brazil CDs (617) 524-5030 Publications The Brazilian Monthly (617) 566-3651 Restaurants Cafe Brazil (617) 789-5980 Tropicana (617) 567-4422 Pampas Churrascaria (617) 661-6613

Chicago Consulate Consulado G. do Brasil (312) 464-0244 Translations Portuguese Lung. Ctr. (312) 276-6683

Los Angeles Area ccountant Sheila Shanker (310) 836-3436 Airlines VsHg (800) GO VARIG Vasp (310) 364-0160 Arts & Crafts Bakari Art Studio (213) 938-0523 Folk Creations (310) 693-2844 Uniquely Brazil Folk (818) 458-1474 Zebi Designs (310) 391-6530 Auto Repair Cosmo Auto Parts (213) 259-9818 Joslo Fontes (310) 396-6690 Pit Stop - Oficina do Its (310) 643-6666 , Banks Banco do Brasil (213) 688-2996 Catering Joy's Catering (310) 438-3415 Remi Vila Real (818) 280-0061 C othes Samba (310) 983-9190

Clubs & • ssociations Centro Cultural Gaucho (213) 256-6548 Clube Bras. da (714) 1357-6764 MILA - Samba School (310) 391-6098 SambaLa -Esc. de Samba (310) 983-9190 Computer Henriques - Maintenance (818) 767-5153 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (213) 651-2664 Dentists Gilberto Henriques (213) 464-0524 Jose Carlos D. Polido (714) 642-0112 Events Promotion Brazilian Nites Prod.

(818) 760-4600 Pegasus - Parties 8, Ent. (818) 349-0383 Ricardo Gehr (818) 831-0992 The Rio Thing (818) 753-4932 Foo & Products Brazilian Market (310) 827-9139 Menage A Trois (310) 278-4430 mpor xport Brazil "R" US (310) 607-9771 nstruction Brasil Brasil Cult. Ctr (310) 397-3667 Modern Lang. Center (310) 839-8427 Music Bossa Nova - Georgia (818) 891-0912 Braz. Jazz /AIM/cessions (310) 839-3788 Jazz - Richard Samuels (818) 798-5424 Physician Paulo Coharte (310) 285-9670 Decio Rangel OW) 828-7454 Ingrid Rodi - Gynec.

(310) 451-8144 Nilson A. Santos (213) 483-343(1 Psyc ot erapy Elizabeth Almeida (310) 281-7536 Puelications News from Brazil (213) 255-4953 Restaurants & Cafes Bossa Nova (310) 657-5070 Brazilian Tropical (714) 720-1522

By Brazil (310) 787-7520 Café Brasil (310) 837-8957 Copacabana (213) 467-3415 Pan Handler (714) 970-5826 Rio Grande (818) 376-0202 Yolie's Brazilian Steak (714) 251-0722 Zabumba (310) 841-6525 Trans ation/Interp.

Brazilian Int. Affairs (310) 854-5881 Tocantins Communic.

(818) 343-4451

52

TraVe Around the World (800) 471-6333 Brazil Tours (818) 767-1200 Cheviot Hills Travel (310) 202-6264 F & H - Hotel Repres.

(800) 544-5503

Miami Area Airlines Transbrasil (800) 872-3153 Varig (800) 468-2744 Vasp (800) 732-8277

111111111211231011111 Banco do Brasil (305) 358-3686 Banco Nacional (305) 372-0100 Banco Real (305) 358-2433 Banespa (305) 358-9167 C ubs ssoctations ABFC - M. Bras. da Mon (407) 354-5200 COm. Corn. Brasil- EIJA (305) 5794030 ARARA - Amazon. Ai (813) 842-3161 onsu ate 16.0d Consulado (305) 285-6200

1111.1102=1.1.

Arnaldo Souza (305) 595-3238 Hedimo de Si (305) 262.4112 , Food & Beverages A I Braz. Imp. & Exp. (305) 523-8134 Via- Brasil " , (305) 866-7718

111111611122=.111

Dr. Jorge Nlacedo (305) 271-7311 Dr. Mario Snitches (305) 541-7819 Dr, Neri Franzon (305) 772-4694 Pub 'cations Florida Review rim (305) 374-5235 Brazilian Tropicana (305) 781-1113 Brazilian Delight (305) 374-0032 Brazilian Pie , (305) 866-1001, Cheese BreatiMule (305) 443.5358

Gula Cola (305) 532-3636 rave gencies

Atlasitictur (800) 535_0942 Brazilian Wave (305) 561-3788 BIB Tours (800) BRAS IL-4 Discover Brain Tours (800) 524-3666 Euroamerica (305) 356-3003 International Tours (800) 822-1318 Luma Travel (305) 374-8635 Monark Trove!

(305) 374-5/I55 New Port Tours ,

(305a72,7

Venture Travel (305) 379-7678 Via Brasil Travel (305) 866-7580

New York New Jersey 00 S Luso-Brazilian Boo (800) 727-LUSO ' C ubs & ssociatu us Brazilian Ch. of Co (212) 575-9020 Brazilian Corn. Bu (212) 916-3200 Brazilian Trade Bu (212) 224-6280 Consu ate Brazilian Gen. Co (212) 757-3080 Food & Produc a AmazOnia (718) 204-1521 Coisa Noun (201) 578-2675 Merchant Express (201) 589-5884 Pub 'cations Brazilian Voice (201) 955-1137 Fonts do Brasil (212) 869,7022 News front Brazil (718) 746-0169 Portugal-Brasil N (212) 228-2958 The Brasilians (212) 382-1630 Restaurant Brasilia (212) 869-9200 Brazil 2000 (212) 877-7730 Brazilian Pavilli (212) 758-8129 Cabana Carioca (212) 581-8088 Indigo Blues (212) 221-0033 S.O.B. (212) 243-4940 Trave gencies Barb Tour Service (201) 313-0996 p International &utility (718) 699,2900 Mystical Destinations • (718) 956-1630 Nascente ,Travel (718) 545-0608 Odyssea Travel Service (212) 826-3019 Santos Dumont inL (212) 764-5680

San Francisco Area Airlines

\twig (415) 986-5737 Vasp (800) 732-VASP Attorney Ralph Baker (510) 444-8100 Auto Repair Nelson' Auto Repair (415) 673-6868 Matte Auto Body (415) 565-3560 Banks Banco do Brasil (415) 398-4814 Beauty Salon Bibb° (415) 42I-BIB() Carmen's International (415) 433-9441 Dalven Hair Design (415) 433-7646 Neyde's (415) 681-5355 Bike Repair West Bike (415) 241-9125 Clubs B.A.S.O. (415) 661-2788 Bay Area Brasilian Club (415) 334-0106 Computer "Micronet (415) 665-1994 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (415) 981-8170 Dance Instruction Aquarela (510) 548-1310 Brazil Culture & Arts (510) 215-8202 Ginga Brasil (510) 428-0698 Escola Nova de Samba (415) 661-4798 Samba do Coraciio (415) 826-2588 Samba, Swing & Suor (415) 282-7378 Dental Care Roberto Sales, DDS (510) 451-8315 Food

Brazilian Coffee Dist.

(415) 648-5966 California Produce (415) 586-6200 HOC Imp. Wholesale (408) 947-8511 Instruction Portuguese - A. Frame Ivan Porto , (510) 339-9289 (800) 314-4826 Portuguese Lang. Serv.

Clubs & Associations (415) 587-4990 Clube Bras. San Diego Money Remittance (619) 295-0842 Via Brazil Sunday Night Cl. Brazil (415) 673-0262 (619) 222-6911 Vigo mpor Export (415) 863-0218 Brazil Imports West Brazil (619) 234-3401 (415) 695-9258 Money Remittance Music Vigo-California Foga na Roupa (619) 479-VIGO (510) 635-8406

San Diego

Marcos Silva (510) 945-0138 Terra Sul (415) 752-9782 Viva Brazil (415) 342-8508 Voz do Brazil (415) 586-2276 Musical Instruments Tamborim & Samba (415) 871-2201 Physician Dr. Guilherme Salgado (415) 832-6219 Printing M. C. Printing (510) 268-8967 Publications Brazil Today (510) 223-5190 News from Brazil (415) 648-5966 Restaurants Bahia Brazilian Rest.

(415) 626-3306 Cafe do Brasil (415) 626-6432 Cafe Mardi Gras (415) 864-6788 Canto do Brasil (415) 626-8727 Little Rio (415) 441-3344 Michelangelo Café (415) 986-4058 Nino's (510) 845-9303 Taqueria Goyaz (415) 821-4600 Soccer Sunset Soccer Supply (415) 753-2666 Translation Port. Lang. Services (415) 587-4990 Raimondo Franco (415) 285-8364 Travel Agencies Rio Roma (415) 921-3353 Santini Tours (510) 843-2363 Tucanos Travel (415) 454-9961

ashington DC Area Airlines Transbrasil (202) 775-9180 Yang (202) 331-8913 Vasp (202) 822-8277 Banks Banco do Brasil (202) 857-0320 Banco do Est. de S. Paulo (202) 682-1151 Clubs & Associations Braz. Am. Cult. Inst.

(202) 362-8334 Inst. of Brazil. Business (202) 994-5205 Embassy Embaixada do Brasil (202) 745-2700 Travel Agencies Intern. Discount Travel (703) 750-0101 Washington Travel (703) 527-6977

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

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53

Two years of investigation and 60,000 pages of evidence were not enough to convince Brazil's Supreme Court of Fernando Collor de Mello's culpability. And all the science and technology of American medicine were not enough to save the life of Pedro Collor de Mello, the former president's brother and the man who started the process that would lead to Fernando's impeachment.

Meanwhile, Dona Leda, the matriarch of the Collor family, has been in a comma for more than two years in a Sao Paulo hospital.

KATHERYN GALLANT

Thereza Collor, it her husband's funeral.

One of the most controversial trials in Brazilian history has come to a close. On December 12, former President Fernando Collor de Mello was acquitted of one charge of passive corruption by the Supreme Court. The following day, Paulo Cesar Farias

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

(PC), Collor's former campaign treasurer, was convicted by the same Supreme Court of falsifying official documents and sentenced to seven years in prison. On December 19, Pedro Collor de Mello, the former First Brother whose revelations of PC's schemes and the then-president's connivance led to the first presidential impeachment in modern history, died of cancer in New York, less than a week after his 42nd birthday.

When Fernando Collor was impeached and removed from office at the end of 1992, many observers both within and beyond Brazil's borders hoped for and expected a speedy trial.

Even if the ex-president were never to spend a day behind bars, it was thought that the accounting to justice of a crooked leader would not only put a full stop to Collor's career, but also prove the inaccuracy of the comment offered by French President Charles de Gaulle some 30 years ago that Brazil is not a "serious country."

However, despite two years of investigation and more than 60,000 pages of evidence, there was not enough proof to satisfy five of the eight justices who ruled on the case.

There are normally 11 justices on Brazil's Supreme Court. One, though, had just retired, and his replacement was sworn in only after the verdicts against Collor and PC had been decided. Two other justices were excused from ruling in the case due to theirproximity to Collor. Justice Francisco Rezek had served as chancellor in the Collor administration, while Justice Marco Aurelio Mello is the ex-president's cousin.

According to Article 317 of the Brazilian Penal Code, -passive corruption" is soliciting or receiving "undue advantages" for oneself or others while in public office. A guilty verdict could have brought Collor up to eight years in prison. Attorney General Aristides Junqueira tried to prove that Collor and PC were guilty by presenting three separate incidents in which PC used his friendship with the then-president to receive millions of dollars from businessmen who wanted

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

Fernando Collor, skiing in Aspen.

to be on good terms with the Collor administration. .The case of Colonel Sebasti5o Curi6, who was a candidate for the House of Representatives in 1990, and Luiz Adelar Scheuer, director of Mercedes-Benz do Brasil, is typical.

Collor promised to contribute to Curia's campaign, telling the candidate that Justice Minister Bernardo Cabral would give Curia a phone call.

Cabral told Curio to make a phone call to the president's -emissary," who turned out to be none other than PC. PC, in a conversation that Curio tape-recorded, told the candidate that "our friend" would give $120,000 to Curio's campaign, if Curio were to hank Scheuer for the contribution. uri6 complied, although he taped us call as well. A few weeks later PC eceived for three of his businesses one of them nonexistent) a total of $1.1 million from Mercedes-Benz do Brasil. Scheuer says that he gave the money because PC had not only indicated that he, PC, was a close friend of the then-president, but also that Mercedes-Benz do Brasil would have "difficulties" with the Collor administration if the money were not forthco ruing.

Fernando Collor, a man who has excited controversy throughout his p litical career, caused still more with h s acquittal. Attorney General Jilnqueira has vowed not to give up in his struggle to bring the ex-president to justice. "It would be easier to convict Collor for tax evasion than for passive corruption," Junqueira says.

Congressman Vivaldo Barbosa (PDT -- Rio de Janeiro) puts much of the blame on the Supreme Court. "The Supreme Court cannot treat a case of passive corruption in the same way as a common crime, where indisputable proofs are always discovered.... The Supreme Court adopted an inexplicable attitude of sticking judicial filigrees to make it difficult to discover who benefited from corruption."

13arbosa concludes that the "search for honest ways" is in danger of being "obfuscated" by the "non-operation of justice, which ends up declaring

innocent the corrupt and the corrupters."

Says sociologist Herbert (Betinho) de Souza, whose struggle to bring hunger and other injustices to the forefront of Brazilian social discourse have brought him international renown, "This is one of the greatest political, judicial, and ethical absurdities this country has ever seen."

"I sought justice and found it in the Supreme Court decision," Collor said in an interview for the newsweeklyisto E. He declared that "there are many suppositions today that a political coup took place" when he was impeached. "When I think the time is right, and when I find all the pieces to that jigsaw puzzle, I intend to put it down on paper. There is a story that has not been told." The ex-president added that he is "rooting" for the success of new President Fernando Henrique Cardoso. whom Collor had once thought of naming Foreign Minister.

Since he secluded himself over two years ago in a voluntary exile at the Casa da Dinda, the private residence in Brasilia whose lavish gardens and other home improvements were allegedly paid for with $2.5 million of taxpayers' money, Collor has seen few friends. He has spent much of his time reading (an especial favorite of his is The Rise and Fall of Great Powers, by Paul Kennedy) and has acquired a sorrowful way of saying that he has no sorrows. I don't bear any grudges," he says. "I learned about humility, how to tolerate other people's errors and not to demand so much from myself."

Although doubtlessly sincere, his newfound humility and maturity have not prevented the ex-president from relapsing into the type of imperious antics that he once made notorious.

On the day after his acquittal. Collor sent out faxes to sixty heads of state throughout the world, informing them that he is "back in the debate" about current political problems.

PC Farias, who has already spent a year behind bars awaiting trial, received one more piece of bad news

Dona Leda and the children. Fernando allnifInt4"iffirilillaltql

with his conviction for falsifying official documents in connection with his "ghost accounts." Until February, when he finds out where he will spend the remaining six years of his sentence, PC will have to stay in jail.

True, PC is confined fat more luxuriously than the average inmate in Brazil, .or even in the US. Formerly the battalion officers' room in the headquarters of the Alagoas state military fire department in Maceio, the state capital, PC's cell is 35 square meters, and is equipped with air conditioning and a refrigerator, as well as more usual features.

PC will be able to watch TV and bring his own books. He is also allowed to have daily visits from his lawyers, his siblings, and his two children, Ingrid and Paulo. El ma, PC's wife, is unable to partake of these privileges, since she died of a heart attack last July. Says PC, "They want to get me as a scapegoat, since the revenue service itself admits that there are more than 2 million current ghost accounts in Brazil. Why don't they take into account that I've been in jail for a year now? But I'm strong. I'll survive."

THEN IT WAS TOO LATE - The fatal illness of Pedro Collor de Mello came quite suddenly. On the morning

of November 10, severe headaches kept him home from work at the offices of the Gazeta de Alagoas, the Maceio newspaper that he published.

He thought he was ill with sinusitis that had been brought on by stress he had endured while unsuccessfully running for a seat in the Alagoas state assembly. His doctor agreed, and prescribed Sinutab for Pedro. However, the pain became more and more undurable, and his work was clearly affected.

On November 18, Pedro checked into the Oswaldo Cruz Hospital in Sao Paulo. The doctors told him that they had to make an incision in his forehead for a biopsy. "Please don't scratch my head," Pedro tried to joke, but the results ended all humor. Pedro had an advanced case of melanoma, the least frequent, but most deadly, form of skin cancer. It appears that it was caused by a hidden tumor that developed without any symptoms until it spread -- the medical term is metastasized -- into the brain, thus explaining the sudden emergence of symptoms. If the tumor had been discovered before it metastasized, it could have been surgically removed without affecting Pedro's health. However, since Pedro had a known history of sinusitis, it was normal for both

NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 199

him and his doctors to attribute the headaches to that illness until it was too late.

Pedro, an incorrigible optimist, would not give up. He hoped for a miracle, but if none were in the cards, then he would at least make one last trip abroad before he died. On November 23, he went with his wife Thereza and his sister Ana Luiza to New York. Thereza would tell friends.

"He doesn't want to see anybody cry.

It's forbidden to be pessimistic."

At the Manhattan apartment of a family friend, Pedro received the news of his brother's acquittal with exhausted resignation. "Excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent," he slowly repeated in a hoarse voice.

Two days later, on December 14, Pedro said his last words. It was his 42nd birthday.

On the morning of December 17, Pedro's heart stopped twice. Although he was rushed to Sloan-Kettering Memorial Hospital, only a few blocks from where he was staying. Pedro went into an irreversible coma. Pedro was not officially declared dead until December 19, after arrangements had been made to return the body to Brazil and Thereza could tell her two sons, 11-year-old Fernando and 8-year-old Vitor, that their father had died.

Pedro's death may have prevented a truce between the two feuding sides of the House of Collor. In October. when Pedro read in the newspapers that Fernando was having some financial difficulties, Pedro drafted a letter to his brother, the ex-president.

According to Pedro's obituary in the newsweekly Veja, Pedro planned to offer help through an intermediary "if your pride isn't bigger than your need." Pedro concluded, "I am at peace with myself and without any hatred or resentment whatsoever."

However, when Ana Luiza, Pedro's s favorite sister, read the letter, she disapproved: "Fernando is going to take this letter, call up the press, and announce that you want to retract yourself, even offering him money."

Once Fernando learned about Pedro's illness, the ex-president publicly de-

Oared that he wished to visit his . younger brother. No invitation everl came.

Ana Luiza, despite her vetoing of Pedro's letter, had hoped for a reconciliation between her two younger brothers. She was in New York with Pedro and Thereza when the news of the acquittal broke. Ana Luiza immediately sent a telegram of congratulations: "We're all suffering too much.

It's time for peace."

Pedro's funeral was held on December 21 in Maceio. A little more than 300 people were in attendance.

The only government figure present was Divaldo Suruagy, the new governor of Alagoas, who had nominated Pedro to be the state's Secretary of Industry and Commerce. Leopoldo, the eldest brother of the deceased, came late to the funeral. He was icily received by Thereza, and returned that same afternoon.

A TWO-YEAR COMA - The matriarch of the Collor de Mello family, Dona Leda, could not pay her last respects to her youngest child. Since she was felled with a heart attack in September 1992, shortly before the impeachment, she has been in a coma at the Albert Einstein Hospital in Sao Paulo. Her eldest child and namesake, nicknamed Ledinha, also was ill and unable to come. Ledinha Collor Coimbra, wife of the chief of staff during the Collor administration, was recuperating from pneumonia in Sao Paulo.

Fernando was able to attend Pedro's funeral, but he knew that he would not be welcomed by his widowed sister-in-law, and sent a note

Pedro and Thereza just before the

topyretiitrs7

instead. Two days later, the ex-president came to the US with his wife Rosane and his two sons by his first marriage, 18-year-old Arnon and 16-year-old Joaquim. They spent Christmas and New Year's on the ski slopes of Aspen, Colorado. Afterwards, they traveled to Paris.

When he returns to Brazil, Fernando Collor will probably move to Sao Paulo and establish a think tank, as well as write newspaper opinion pieces. Through his loyal follower, Congressman Roberto Jefferson (PTB -- Rio de Janeiro), Collor may put pressure on President Cardoso to grant m amnesty, including the restoraion of his right to run for public ffice. This, however, seems to be nly a slight possibility. Nevertheess, even if Collor has to wait until e term of his deprivation of civil ghts expires at the end of the year 000, it must be remembered that the '-president will still only be 51. As urilo Melo Filho commented in anchete magazine, Fernando Collor s a young man and quite young for a leader, who has time to wait for his n xt opportunity."

Nevertheless, if the ex-president is unable to vindicate himself with a vi tory at the polls before the next m llennium, he doubtlessly would like to strengthen his reputation as a th ught-provoking politician who has le ned his lesson and is again viable fo high public office. He will never co tent himself with a judicial exonera ion which many Brazilians consid r ridiculous. At the least, he will en avor to convince them, and the wo Id, that justice has been done.

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