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1994 is still young enough to inspire hope without cynicism. Brazil is starting the new year with a new cabinet in Brasilia and a new economic pack promising to slash inflation from 30% plus a month to a more manageable monthly rate. This is also the year Brazilians go to the polls for the first time since sending to the Palacio do Planalto, Fernando

Collor de Mello, who since then has been shoved away from office. There is more than a touch of irony in the fact that ten months before the presidential elections, the leading candidate for the presidency in all public opinion polls is Luis Inacio Lula da Silva. The same Lula who the last time around lost to a platform whose priority was to fight corruption. There are still many people afraid of the direction that leftist Lula would give the country. Maybe you would like to check by yourself what he thinks in the extensive interview with him that we are publishing,

CONTENTS

For some Brazilians, the beauty about 1994, and the best thing about it, is the fact that we might well win for the fourth time the World Cup championship being held for the first time here is the States. More than one Christmas card that we received included the like-prayer wish: "and that we can win the Copa Mundial." To all our readers and friends we toast to the New Year with these verses of a traditional Reveillon song: "Muito di nhe iro no bolso / Salide pra dar e vender" (Lots of money in your pocket / Health to give and to sell). R.M.

Cover The Northeast is dying of thirst

A short story by Lima Barreto

13 (President) Lula talks

Gregory Rabassa on translation

Brazil guide

Going north

Cover: from Repentance

Going south

DEPARTMENTS

Brazil seduced this filmmaker

19 The Christmas pack

21 Living from the land

22 Pele snubbed

25 Miami or Rio?

EW cROMB

Azi

6 Rapidinhas 12 Letters 42 The Cultural Pulse 43 Por al 45 Miami Calendar 46 Los Angeles Calendar 47 San Francisco Calendar 48 That's Brazilian

35 Sao Paulo Festival

36 A new Baiano attack

40 Sao Paulo is also for fun

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Founder: Gilberto Ferreira /Publisher and Editor: Rodney Mello /Associate Editor: Carlos Ravelo /Reporter: Francine Alexander /Book Review: Bond° Wyszpolski /Contributors:Sam & Harriet Robbins /Representatives:MIAMI : Phydias Barbosa (305)377-1223-Correspondent: Tania Mahon (305)566-7467 /NEW YORK:Lusus Marketing (212)391-2424-Correspondent: Richie Ramos (201)484-6252 -SAN FRANCISCO: Nena Altieri (415)742-9922 / Felipe Magalhaes (415) 648-5966 /BRAZIL -RIO:Cor. & Ads - Rogeria Comes (021)284-0689 NEWS from BRAZIL is published monthly. Single copy sold for $1. One year subscription for 12 issues is $3.00 (three dollars) - sent by bulk mail. Permission is hereby given to quote from or reprint any of the contents with proper copyright credit. Editorial submissions are welcome. Address all material to P.O. Box 42536 - Los Angeles, CA 90050-0536. Some of our articles were originally published by Correio Brasiliense. News from Brazil assumes no responsibility for any claims made by its advertisers. © NEWS from BRAZIL

POST MASTER: Please, send address changes to News from Brazil - P.O. Box 42636 - Los Angeles, CA - 50060-0536 NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

CARNAVAL

MONEY

Anew rhythm Without their godfathers the bicheiros (number runners) -, who are in jail, Rio's escolas de samba had to learn to be even more creative for this year's Carnaval. One priority was to increase seating capacity at the Samb6dromo, the venue in which the escolas' parade happens. Now there are an additional 5,400 seats. To compensate for the money not coming from the bicheiros, the escolas are also getting advances from TV and Riotur, Rio's Tourism authority. New box seats are still available. They accommodate six people and cost from $20,000 to $45,000.

ECONOMY

Work of love University teacher, military policeman, trash collector. Which one of these professions is the best paid in Brazil? You could be in for a shock. The Rio .de Janeiro State University (UERJ) is trying to get 32 new professors to teach at that traditional institution. Salary offered: $60 a month. That's almost one third of what a police officer makes a month ($160) and four times inferior to a Rio trash collector monthly salary ($245). 6

Pssst, wanna buy?

Grande Otelo, making laugh and hiding tears.

CULTURE

Bye, laughter "Before I'm 85, I want to direct a film, write an utobiography and become a House Representative." Gr de Otelo (The Great Othelo) has died at 79, without acco , plishing any of these dreams. This doesn't make him smaller, however Grande Otelo was in Paris on his wayNantes, t where he was going to participate in a film fest al when he was felled by an infarct. The diminutive black Â°median became the history itielf of the Brazilian comedy, starting in the 40s. From Sancho Panza to Macuriaima (the Brazilian hero with no integrity) he has always lent his big eyes and tooth smile to roles At which he has proved to be a natural. In his own life, *tragedy and drama have been played continuously. In 1949, the first of his three wives killed their six-year old child and then killed herself leaving a note in which she blamed Grande Otelo and his "bohemian life" for the tragedy. He spent his life fighting alcohol, loneliness, and poverty. Said he, recently, "I've made many people rich, While I've become poor."

Street vendors in Rio don't seem to be suffering the economic blues tliAt have stria& established businesses all over. Their services are so much in demand that they are passing their spots (a public space on a sidewalk) for as much as $10,000. And the price is really calculated in dollars as it is the case for real eState, transactions in Brazil In Copacabana, depending on location, the fees to get such a public space go from $50 to $10,000. According to the law, the only people allowed a space in the sidewalk are the elderly, the blind; those with physical deficiency, and ex-inmates. The authorities promise that downtown would be rid of the camelos by New Year's. They certainly also believe that Santa Claus having finished his yearly chores has gone back to his North Pole mansion.

End of the road After having been arrested in Bangkok for overstaying , after the expiration of his visa, Paulo Cesar Farias, the infamous PC, is back in Brazil, and finally in prison waiting for trial. Many people would have preferred that he would prolong for ever his tumultuous exile, fearing that the ex-right financial arm of former president Collor de Mello might blow the whistle. He had promised to take a crowd with him if he went to prison. Until now, however, . . he hasn't spilled any name besides saying that as treasurer . of the Collor campaign to the presidency he has also sent money to hamar Franco, current president, who ran as â€˘ Collor's vice. There are rumors that hamar was favored with a $700,000 check from tht same fund built by PC with y and kick-back money. NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

COVER

Where summer never ends, water and food are scar salan

The latest drought in the Brazilian Nordeste has started three years ago and there is no sign of relief on the horizon. It's already one of the six biggest droughts in the region this century. And as much as nature, man is responsible for the misery this plague is spreading.

. T

CARLOS RAVELO

he sun rises from the East early, very early. By high noon, temperatures have easily reached the 100 degree mark, distorting the landscape and virtually blinding the naked eye under the piercing radiance and blazing heat of an unrelenting tropical sun. Livestock dies by the hundreds. Once mighty rivers - still lined in blue on the maps - are now Merely trickles, puddles of polluted water holes where men and animal alike compete for a drop of its putrid waters. Trees shrivel-up under the overbearing heat of cyclical dry spell that this time around is going into its fourth year. It has been the Sertao's sixth major drought this century, and the second within the last ten. Hell? Not quite! Just another hellish summer day in the backwoods. However, if ever there was a place on earth that somehow were to resemble the physical attributes of hell, it would most probably be the SertIlo Nordestino, Brazil's northeasternmost region, covering nine states and bordered by the Amazon on the west, the Atlantic to the east, and the Planalto, Espirito Santo and Minas Gerais states to the south and southeast. VICTIMS TWICE OVER - Encompassing an area of over 227 thousand square kilometers, Brazil's northeastern triangle covers a surface area equal to the combined areas of Portugal, Belgium,Holland and Switzerland. It's an area subjected to prolonged periods of drought and of only occasional rains; an area

evaporat and corrupti thrives

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

which nature - and man - have slowly been converting into a virtual desert. But the Brazilian Sertaro's 27 million inhabitants are not the exclusive victims of an inhospitable climate alone; indeed, they have also been victimized by their fellow man, victimized twofold. Corruption, mismanagement, negligence, greed and profit motives of the rich and the political elite, have been their other downfall. To finally top it off, runaway inflation - a staple in the rest of Brazil - has hit the Sertao in full swing. The combined curses of man and nature, "as pragas" (the plagues), as many nordestinos call them, have combined to make 1993 a year of infamy in the hearts, minds - and stomachs - of the majority of the sertanejos. EAT NOW, PAY...LATER - Maria das Dores da Mota, a grocery store owner in Mandacai, a town in the interior of Bahia state, finishes noting down the number of kilograms of feijelo, farinha e arroz (bean, manioc flour and rice) that she has just provided to one of her clients. She, like many hundreds of other store owners in countless towns and hamlets in the Scrtao, is engaging in an ancient ritual expected and accepted - called vender fiado (to sell on trust-credit). "If! don't sell on credit, the people will die and so will I. That's why we don't note down the prices but rather the merchandise, so as not to cause (them) greater damage" says Maria. The fiado ritual, in fact, is the only functional financial arrangement that works in the Sertao. In the nearby town of Cajueiro, Francilda Domingas de Souza, an itinerant produce seller, sees the day go by without making a single sale. The reason: she only sells her products in cash. In an area where most of the populace lives far away from the larger urban centers and financial institutions, such things as checks, stable jobs or savings are virtually unheard of. Inflation was also something almost unknown... until now. MANIPULATING NATURE - Every year in which a dry spell has struck the Brazilian countryside, the Federal Government has stepped in to somehow try to appease the suffering of the average sertanejo. Since the beginning of this century, the Government has implemented programs such as Frentes Produtivas de Trabalho (Productive Work TaskForce Programs), providing funds to put hungry unemployed nordestinos to work. In a complicated procedure, the money theoretically trickles down through the hands of national, regional and local agencies and commissions, finally reaching theprefeituras (city halls), that then decide what projects are worthy to be carried out...and who will ultimately benefit from them. People who are either employed or receiving a pension can - theoretically - qualify for work in "community" projects, receiving a daily salary equivalent to half the national minimum wage. However, in practice, the sal8

The socalled politica da seca, the drought policy, is not only dictated by the law of nature, but also through a policy of malice, greed and profitmotive shrewdly manipulated by heartless men against their poorer brethren.

ary hardly ever meets that standard and worse yet, it can take anywhere from several days to several weeks before it reaches the hands of the laborers. Worse yet, even if an individual meets the required criteria, he or she can still be left out of the program, if he happens to belong to the wrong political party. Projects are varied: communal water retainers, maintenance of cemeteries or repaving of streets and roads. Nevertheless, an investigation that was recently carried out by the Comissao Pastoral da Terra (Pastoral Committee on the Land) in Bahia state, uncovered irregularities in 126 of 210 municipalities that they surveyed. Those irregularities varied from over-invoicing of tasks and materials, to misuse of the projects by building them for use by private individuals or entities. The results of these misguided policies are felt within the homes of the purported beneficiaries of the projects, policies that have been in force ever since the early 1900's. These policies - and their consequences - are what nordestinos have come to callpolitica da seca, the drought policy. A policy that is not only dictated by the law of nature, but also through a policy of malice, greed and profit-motive shrewdly manipulated by heartless men against their poorer brethren. MONEY THAT BURNS - Trying to propup a region that has traditionally been known as Brazil's most impoverished subsistence farming area, has always been something extremely difficult. Both the state and federal governments have tried every available approach: emergency funds, loans, subsidies and grants. In 1909 the lnspetoria de Obras Contra a Seca (Anti-Drought Public Works Bureau) was formed, the forefather of the DNOCS (National Department of Anti-Drought Public Works). Today, the monies are channeled into the region through three main sources: SUDENE (Superintendence of the Northeastearn Development), DNOCS and the Banco do Nordeste. In fact, last year the nordestino region received funds that reached 10.7 billion cruzeiros, more than the combined total for the northern, southeastern and west-central regions of Brazil put together. The funds were to cover health, education, public works and sanitation projects. But even these large amounts of outlays have not been a guarantee for regional prosperity; rather, what it has ultimately done is expose a long and eircunvoluted trail of greed and corruption, currently under investigation by the Brazilian Federal Government's Budget Investigative Committee. A recent investigation by the National Court of Accounts (Tribunal de Contas da Uniao) or TCU, revealed that local corruption has cost public coffers more than $302 million in the overpricing of both goods and services, mostly NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

within the DNOCS. The worst offenders are in the states of Paraiba, Rio Grande do Norte and Ceara. The TCU recommended that Luis Gonzaga Nogueira-Marques, - the DNCOS director - be fired. Nogueira-Marquez openly employed relatives and friends, and favored firms that were politically or financially linked to several other friends of his. But nepotism and favoritism are only part of the story. Dozens of projects funded through the various agencies have since been only partially completed or abandoned altogether. The Sertao is, in true sense, a virtual public works cemetery. Lack of planning, and shoddy or outright negligent execution of them have left more than 50 irrigation projects in complete abandon. HELL AND HEAVEN TOGETHER - The lack of completion of those projects is not simply an inconvenience for the government; in a region such as the Sertao, where people sometimes have to walk several miles to fetch a couple of pails of drinking water, accessibility can suddenly become a life-and-death issue. Why? Uncompleted water reservoirs are of little use, since there is nowhere to hold the water when the rains do come. "I don't know if I'll be alive to see it all," says 68 year-old farmer Jose Correia dos Santos. He walks an average of two miles every day just to obtain two pails of drinking water that weigh close to 80 pounds. The delays have created pockets of poverty and sidelined populations, such as in Itaparica (Pernambuco), where over 30,000 people are awaiting to be relocated. They were dislodged to make way for an artificial lake. Meanwhile, none of the promised made to them has been fulfilled. And not far away, another similar project in Oroco, costing more than $30 million, stands abandoned. Hundreds of rusted pipes and scores of wild goats stand around, mute witnesses to a ghost community irrigation project that never was. FIRST WORLD MEETS THE FOURTH WORLD - Barely a few miles separate the first world from the fourth world, in the Nordeste. In the very same municipality of Santa Maria de Boa Vista (PE), a highly sophisticated local entrepreneur exports high quality grapes to the European Common Market while just a couple of miles down the very same road in which his trailers haul the produce, average citizens have to resort to foul-smelling water sources to cover their most precarious needs. In Santa Maria's first world image, the Fazenda Milano winery produces six varieties of high-quality wines. One of them, Botticelli Chemin Blanc, is considered to be amongst the finest produced in Brazil. Advanced first-world irrigating techniques have definitely helped propel the owner's success. "This shows that the region can succeed," says Fazenda Milano's owner Jose G. de FreitasAlmeida, who also just happens to be the city's NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

Dozens of projects have been only partially completed or abandoned altogether. The Sertao is a public works cemetery. Lack of planning and shoddy execution of them have left more than 50 irrigation projects in complete abandon.

Mayor. Nevertheless, the Nordeste's fourth world image can also be seen not very far away from Fazenda Milano. Exactly where Jose Correia dos Santos goes to pick-up his pails of semi-putrid water. In fact, two of Jose's eleven born children have died of malnutrition, and he indicates that diarrhea and parasites are a common-day occurrence amongst the populace. Nevertheless, water is so difficult to get only because he has barely any money. He cannot buy a couple of dozen feet of simple I/ 2-inch PVC pipes to tap the main water line. And the few times that Santos has ever been able to taste the high-grade quality grapes of Fazenda Milano's harvest were when a few of them fell from the trucks that pass in front of his squalid Sertanejo shack. MONEY TALKS, POVERTY WALKS With over 3,000 employees on its payroll, the DNOCS commands a powerful presence in the Sertao. Commissioned to oversee the construction of irrigation dams, reservoirs and the drilling of water holes in a water-starved semidesert, DNOCS officials have power, and flaunt it. They also have helped to shape and coin the well-known phrase indlistria da seca, (the drought industry) in all of Brazil. "When I first arrived in Brasilia, I thought that the term indt'isiria da seca was just an invention made up by the sulistas (inhabitants of the south)," says Roberto Magalhaes, Deputy (House Representative) for Pernambuco and ex-governor o Ithat state. "However, each passing day, there is more and more evidence to prove that it does exist", he adds. Funded by the Federal Government, the DNOCS basically has dedicated itself to transfer resources obtained from taxpayers monies, funneling them into the hands of private entities and individuals. The people they patronize are powerful, rich, and politically connected. For example, on the average they charge $560 for dispatching their well-drilling machine. The machine has the ability to drill 150 feet into the ground. Private companies that perform the same task charge some six to seven times more, up to $3,300. And although almost 10 millionnordestinos are directly affected by the seca, DNOCS' general director is not one of them. Luis Gonzaga Nogueira Marques gets enough water through DNOCS resources as to have his own private swimming pool full of water all the time. This in an area in which the drought has affected each and every one of the 118 municipalities of the state of Piaui. In 1992, the drought became so severe that three state capitals - Recife, Teresina and Fortaleza - had to resort to water rationing. Food staples became so scarce, that there were looting of supermarkets and school-food warehouses. And although the agency has to give priority to public welldrillings, more than 225 private wells were dug in Sergipe state versus four for the general 9

ers involved lost their appeal before the Courts; however, not all wished to comply. Displeased and angered, Paraiba governor Ronaldo Cunha Lima took . drastic measures. After having been informed that more than 186 wells and reservoirs had been built with public funds in large private farms and that the owners built tall fences so that poor people could not have access to them, he ordered them immediately destroyed. "I just want to comply with the law," said Cunha Lima. DNOCS will also do public. In fact, of the former, one was done for the state's Governor Joao Alves Filho, another for congressman Messias Gois. The situation was similar in adjoining states as well: in Rio Grande do Norte 7 public and 93 private wells were drilled; in Piaui 24 to 140, respectively. And in Pernambuco, the taxpayer's money helped to finance a well that provides water to wash motorcycles at a motorbike dealership in Olinda and another one in Recife. WHERE'S THE LAW? An investigation has discovered that many water reservoirs are built with public funds, but used for private enterprises. Most ofthe beneficiaries being politicians and the nordestino elites. In certain cases in which agreements arc reached legally, the state allows that - if and when the private individual agrees -half the water at his disposal be accessed by the populace in case of severe need. In practice, however, this is almost never carried out. Recently, several individuals have been cited before the Courts for refusing to do so. Who are they? A state Congressman, the family members of an ex-governor, a city mayor, and even a colonel in the Military Police. Last June, they and oth10

periodic blitzes to make sure the law is being carried out. Meanwhile, many who are tired of placing their hopes on politicians and coroneis have chosen to place their faith somewhere else. The city ofJuazeiro do Norte, for example, is witness to the thousands who stampede into the town for romarias dedicated to Padre Cicero, a local saint. Many pray for health, others for riches. But these days almost everybody is praying for some rain. They have learned not to trust the powers from down here.

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INTERVIEW

Listening to president Lula If elections were held today Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva would win the race for Palacio do PlanaIto by a landslide. Here, this ex-steel worker and very unconventional candidate tells how he would steer the tenth biggest economy in the world. ANTONIO PRAXEDES

Last time around he was a runner-up. But a little less than a year before the elections, Luis Inacio Lula da Silva, seems unbeatable in the race for the Brazilian presidency. He is about 20 points ahead of expresident Jose Sarney, th.e second place in the polls. The former steel worker, son of peasants, born in Pernambuco, one of the poorest Brazilian states, is ready to give a socialist slant to the most developed Latin American economy. Former union leader and founder of the leftist-leaning Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers' Party), Lula talks in this interview about Cuba, Polish leader Lech Walesa, private property, foreign investment, the environment, inflation and governmental corruption. Lula says that he intends to create a new model of socialism for Brazil, even though he hasn't yet defined this systpm. "I would like to have a socialism that would have on one side the dignity of the Cuban people and on the other the per capita income of a Denmark." How do you interpret the recent political movements led by Alberto Fujimori in Peru, Boris Yeltsin in Russia, and commander Raul Cedras in Haiti? I'm against the three coups because, first, Fujimori cannot be above good and evil. I think we have to NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

raise the consciousness level of the people so they'll choose better representatives. The president cannot have the luxury of closing the Congress because he doesn't like it or because it is conservative or not conservative. In the same way I don't agree with Fujimori, I disagree with Yeltsin. How can you accept shelling Congress just because it's in conflict with the President? The Occident is the biggest hypocrite for approving such a thing. I also disagree with Haiti's coup. I believe these are three stories, three coups, and in my opinion, three hypocrisies of the so-called Developed World that determines UN's political decisions. What do you think about the military intervention of organizations such as the U.N. and the O.A.S. in Iraq, Somalia and Bosnia? I'm convinced that we are going to end this century and start another with a new discussion about not only a new economic order but also about the performance of international institutions such as the U.N. and the O.A.S. First of all we need to end the right to veto, that is, all are equal, apart from size, all have a vote. It is not the GNP or the population that determines the right to veto. If it were, China alone would veto what 20 other countries would decide. We need equality and respect to decisions. It's not possible to approve an economic blockade without considering that thousands of children die without being able to complain; they die in Iraq, in Cuba, they can die in Haiti. This has to be changed. Brazil has always had an ambiguous position concerning Cuba. How would your government deal with that country? There's a certain hypocrisy, not only from Brazil, but from the whole world in relation to Cuba. All the countries support self-determination, but they want to meddle in Cuba's affairs. Europe and the capitalist countries don't help Cuba due to American pressure, the same way as Brazil, whose leaders show friendliness and kindness in speeches but don't do a thing to change the situation. Recently, Brazil wasn't able to sell six Bandeirante planes to Cuba because the U.S. would not provide a part that is manufactured there. It's unpleasant that a country big as Brazil subjects itself to this kind of whim. I think Brazil is a sovereign country. It has to have a policy towards Cuba the same way it has with other countries, without meddling with Cuba's internal affairs. First of all, we have to look at the Brazilian interests, and second, the cultural and commercial interests that Brazil might have with Cuba. A former worker and ex-victim of political repression, Lech Walesa is leading a conservative government after Poland's long experience with Communism. Are there any other common traits between you two? One of the problems with Walesa is that he has become a symbol of anti-communism. He left Poland and went to see Japan, Italy, Germany, where there are highly advanced capitalist systems, with a per capita income from $15,000 to $22,000, and that made Walesa think that the whole world could be like that. It would have been better if he had also visited Brazil, Africa, Ethiopia, Somalia, Bolivia, to see that capitalism is not only what he saw in Europe; 14

capitalism has another e. In a country like Br il with such disparity in income dis ribution, do you think the State s uld impose social limits as to the p servation of , private property in th ountry and in the cities? I'm the biggest cha pion of private property. For eve body, however. The problem with rivate property is when it becomes a cessible only to a minority. I believe hat property, mainly in the rural are , has to be better studied in Brazil It's not possible to allow somebod to have one million hectares of land. It's not possible either that a company would have two million hectares of land. The land has to be distributed according to the production interests oq the country. It's not just the idea of t ing away the land of those who hav4 too much. It has to do with utilizing, 4ocially and in a just way, the capacity e land has to produce riches, food. here are few Brazilian cities with a green belt to plant the so-called sub stence crops. What we see is land f speculation. I've recently heard that tje state of Rio Grande do Norte prod es only 20% of the food it consume, and that the city of Natal (the capit4i of the state) only produces coriande . This is mystifying. In France, the so alist experienee provoked, at t beginning, some misgivings on t part of foreign investors. Woul these investMeats be welcomed in a Brazil governed by a socialist? France didn't hay any socialist experience, by the way The socialists have lost the election because they didn't apply in practic anything they had promised during e campaign. Now, the right is promi ng much more than the socialists; th reduction of work to 32 hours a w k, a proposal that not even Mitterra d and Rocard dared to make. It was 't because the government was so alist, and it wasn't, that foreign vestment decreased. It was because the economic feasibility of other m kets revealed itself to be more attrac ive. Being the second fa orite place for Sweden to invest, with 1,000 German companies in a 30 ki meter radius, and scores of Americ and Japanese companies, it's obvio that we will work to draw foreign pital. Does your govern ent intend to pay back foreign m ey borrowed and used improperly 1 question our for gn debt much More for the way the esources were utilized than for the ay the money was obtained. The mo y came and it

I'm the biggest champion of private property. For everybody, however. wasn't applied properly. The Transamazonica (a road cutting through the Amazon forest started during the military regime) is still unfinished. The construction of nuclear plants was unfathomable and unnecessary because, if there is a country that hasn't to think about nuclear energy, it is Brazil. Our capacity for producing hydroelectric energy is fantastic. This can only be justified by the military megalomania to build an atomic bomb or nuclear weapons. During the 1989 presidential campaign, I stated that it was necessary to suspend the foreign debt payment and create a development fund controlled by society to support education, research, and industrial development. I still think, today, that this is the best solution. Of course, this cannot be rhetoric, or just bravado from a president. You have to build the political force to implement such ideas. The first step is to try to transform the foreign debt into a political and not economic question. The second step is to talk directly with the governments involved instead of sending representatives to the International Monetary Fund. Governments have political and social sensitivity, something bank-

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

Urban violence is the result of the economic violence. ers don't have. We only can do this through a lot of talk over a long time, maybe years. It's unthinkable for Latin America to keep sending liquid capital overseas as is happening now. In nine years Brazil has sent $132 billion, receiving only $17 billion... Brazil would do better keeping the 132 and sending the 17 abroad. These are theoretic comments because it is necessary to effectively build political mechanisms in order to reach an understanding. I believe that we should open the discussion about a world economic order. What would be the fate of the privatization programs in your government? We have two problems that we are trying to solve by debating with businessmen. First, the question of the public company is not a question of principles but of the strategic needs of a nation in formation, in a phase of growth. We would not adopt the policy of giving away the public patrimony, something that the conservative sectors would like to do now. We wouldn't do what Argentina and Mexico have done. We are a country with an industrial calling. We have a Petrobras (that monopolizes the exploration of petroleum) that is one of the most mod-

ern and capable companies in the world and that, for Brazil, is strategic. Who guarantees that the private sector would be interested in investing in prospecting and research in Brazil, and wouldn't adopt a policy of simply importing oil? Research and prospecting are interests of the State. As petroleum is a source that can survive for 50 years more, it should be considered as a strategic product. And proof of that is that the seven richest countries in the world didn't hesitate about spending $30 billion to invade Iraq in defense of its international reserves in Kuwait. That's why we want to preserve Petrobras as well as the communication sector. And, here, we have an international war. On one side, there is the European model, in which the State has maintained the control liberating the production of equipment and the rendering of some services; and the American model with total liberalization. I'm more for the European style. How do you intend to promote the balance between industrial development and preservation of the environment? There is no problem. First because I don't dream about converting the Amazon in a sanctuary for Humankind. About 17 million people are living there and they have the right to a dignified life. What's the role of the State? To be the organizer, in order to obtain the necessary investments in the Amazon without the deterioration of the environment. We have to study adequately the proper soil for an agrarian reform; for cattle raising, etc. What is not acceptable is that a person from Sao Paulo or Rio de Janeiro buys 30,000 hcctares of land in the Amazon and starts big fires without any regulation. The State has to be the big inspector, participating in technical studies for the viability of projects. There is a new source of resources in the Amazon that Brazil hasn't yet found out how to utilize, and this is biodiversity. Foreign tourists have changed their travel plans, preferring countries in which they would feel more secure. Do you have anything in mind to revert this situation? Urban violence is the result of the economic violence to which the country was subjected in recent years. In a country with 32 million indigent people, 70 million with an income below the poverty line, with a deficit of 12 million housing units, with 13 million suffering from some mental

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

disease, millions of unemployed, violence is etched in every face, it inhabits every corner and, obviously, is revealed in places with a bigger concentration of poverty. Violence is due basically to an absence of asocial policy. In Rio de Janeiro or Sao Paulo, for instance, a child who lives in a shack goes to the streets because to them this means the conquest of freedom. A child who lives in a 40 square foot room, together with his father, mother, six siblings, besides the dog, when he gets to the street he discovers the real meaning of freedom. The street smells better. So, the only solution is to create an investment policy of a social nature, with the creation of short or medium term jobs. What about the stubborn Brazilian inflation that is more than 1,000% a year? Brazil's inflation is due to the subordination of the country, on one side, to the oligopolies, and on another, to the financial system. While in the world the financial system doesn't have a participation in the GNP of more than 4.5%, in Brazil this participation is 13% and has already been 24%. In Japan, it is 4.5%; in the U.S., 2.5%; in Germany, 4.7%. Our problem is not even the public debt that is only 33% of the GNP. To put this in perspective, Japan's public debt is 70% of the GNP; Italy's, 100%. Our problem is the rolling of the debt that implies interest payments that can be biweekly, monthly, quarterly, etc. In other countries the debts can be paid in 15 or 20 years because there is trust in the governments. What we need is to regain this confidence, to stretch the term of our debt, to start a dialogue with the so called organized sectors to establish prices and salaries, etc. This is a start to control inflation. How will your government deal with the Catholic church concerning birth control, abortion and gambling? I'm in favor of legalizing gambling because I consider hypocritical what happens now. We are already a country with unbridled gambling where every citizen wakes up in the morning worried about whether he is going to play Sena, Loto, Raspadinha (scratching game), Loteria Esportiva or Loteria Federal. And, in this context, jog() do bicho (numbers game) is prohibited, precisely the one that better distributes income. I'm also in favor of family planning. The middle class has already adopted its own mechanism for family planning due to its education. Where do we have the biggest birth rates? Among the poor, among those who didn't get education, orientation, who cannot use birth control and who have not learned that you can have sex without procreating. This is the role of the State, that should start with the child in school, utilizing TV to educate these people. I'm in favor of family planning, but without believing that this will solve the problem. The birth rate is already falling in Brazil. Anyway, we should convince the church that it is not acceptable for a citizen earning minimum wage to have 10 children. I am against sterilization and State birth control. I'm particularly against abortion because it harms women. The practice ofabortion is a violence against the human body. I understand, however, that nobody does this for pleasure but only when it is impossible to continue the pregnancy. 15

merica! The land of the free, the home of the brave, and a terra dos Mares for many a Brasileiro desperate to mmigrate. The recent deportation of.66 Brazilians has highlighted an increasing problem: illegal Brazilians seeking entry into the United States. Although illegal entries through the Mexican border are by far the greatest in number and frequency, the number of Brazilians seeking an alternative in the north to hyperinflation and unemployment is steadily increasing. However, there seems to be some hope on the horizon for the potential immigrant: Green Card Lotto! The U.S. government is planning to carry out a green card lottery to grant permanent residence to chosen citizens in certain chosen countries. And regardless of how remote this possibility seems, many are hoping that they just might get lucky and hit the jackpot. Are Brazilians welcome? The U.S. Consulate in Rio has advised that there are no guarantees that Brazil will be included in the list of potential countries that will be on the lottery list. The information indicating that Brazilians would be eligible to participate in the visa lottery was forwarded by a Los Angeles-based attorney; however, the American Consulate in Rio categoricaly denied that information through a letter sent to Manchete magazine, the Brazilian equivalent of Life. In their letter, the consulate stated that the lottery did not guarantee anyone a Green Card, but rather, the opportunity for those chosen to be able to participate in the visa process, but without exemption from any pre-established requirements. In fact, last June a special drawing was held, covering more than 20 countries. However, Brazil was not among the countries chosen to participate. That in and of itself, might be an indication that Brazilians are not welcome to the "land of the free." Suddenly, once open doors have been shut. The loopholes that previously allowed immigration - both legal and illegal - are now being closed. Nevertheless, during the recent past, Success stories have also abounded, and persistent would-be turistas have reached American shores and remained here for good. People have tried every method or means imaginable in their quest to try to reach the U.S.. However, it appears that some people have a certainjeitinho (special way) that others seem to lack. In Mexico, the most persistent immigrants seem to be the Sinaloenses (inhabitants of the western Mexican State of Sinaloa); in the Caribbean they are the Dominicans; and in Brazil they are the Mineiros (of Minas Gerais State), specifically, the Alineiros from the city of Governador Valadares - called Valadarenses - a city located 310 kilometers from the State capital of Belo Horizonte. This town of some 220 thousand people has lost more than 20% of its population since 1984, when the mineiro imrnigration "boom" first took off. Julio Avelar. a journalist for Diario do Rio Doce, a magazine edited in Governador Valadares with a supplement distributed in the U.S., comments: "Whenever they capture ten (illegal immigrants), it means that fifty (mineiros) have gotten through." In fact, the city has such a high number of its citizens living overseas - particularly in the Massachussetts area - that the U.S. dollar is now common currency on the streets of Governador Valadares. There is even a local joke that states that in the city there are actually two types of citizens: Valadarenses, those who live and work within the local economy, and Valadolarenses. The latter are those locals who make their living off the dollars sent to them by immigrant relatives living and working overseas. One example of a persistent would-be immigrant is Jose Carlos' Ferreira. Married and with two small children. Ferreira has been able to reach the U.S. three times so far. He has been deported every time, but insists on returning back. Ferreira feels that his salary in Brazil is "miserable" and vows that he will try to return again. It might not be very easy either. Before, leaving Governador Valadares was as simple as getting a visa stamped in your passport at the U.S. Consulate in Rio. But the Consulate has upgraded its 16

control over visa issuance. To further complicate things, people traveling overseas now are thoroughly scrutinized on all outgoing international flights from Rio and Sao Paulo. Mineiro immigrants - always on top of things - seek out alternate routes. For example, the 66 Brazilians that were deported had taken a flight from Asuncion (Paraguay) direct to Miami. And the demand for visas - legal or otherwise - is so hug, that a gang specializing in fraudulent visas has been detected in the city. In fact, disdain forMineirosat the American Consulate is so big that manyAlineiroschoose to cover-up their true regional origin, and obtain documents to transform themselves into Cariocas. Paidistas or Gauchos. Says Francisco Teixeira. a representative of the Brazilian Association of Travel Agents (ABAV): "Those set-ups are carried out somewhere else, in Rio or in southern Bahia (state). And in spite of the fact that many Mineiros are going through some tough times in the States, they still insist on leaving Brazil." Ever since the early 60's. when the first wave of Valaderenses left to make fortune in the North, it continues to be a permanent dream in the minds and hearts of the majority of Mineiros, particularly among the youth. In fact, the Federal Police states that passport issuance averages about 160 per month. And more than 30 travel agencies service the city, postly selling tickets to overseas destinations, but also serving as distribution points for all those dollars sent back home by relatives working in the U.S.. And those on the receiving end still hope that one day in the not-too-distant future, they will be sending dollars to Minas, too. â€˘ NEWS from BRAZIL-JANUARY 1994

El Sud The hassle to go North and the deteriorating economy in the U.S. is veering many a Brazilian to the South when they decide to make the jump to better shores. Buenos Aires, here we come! RODOLFO ESPINOZA

Every day, thousands of Brasileiros wait in the unending lines at American Consulates in Rio, Sao Paulo. Porto Alegre and Brasilia, hoping for the best (a tourist visa) but also ready for the worst (not getting it). Nevertheless, a new wave of pioneiros has chosen to take the opposite route to earn some -green-backs". That is, instead of "headin' north" to the United States, these Brasileiros have chosen to head... south! South as in Argentina that is. This new El Dorado for Brazilians lies barely 36 hours by bus from Sao Paulo's Tiete Transportation Terminal, and is even closer yet to Brazil's southernmost states. NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

Due to Brazil's spiraling hyperinflation, legions of tradesmen and professionals, unable to obtain visas to go north, have chosen to take a back door to prosperity, working for dollars in Tangoland. Commanding much better salaries than either in Sao Paulo or Rio, and with the added peace of mind that their salaries will not be eaten-up by runaway inflation, scores of taxi-drivers, waiters and jacks-of-all-trades are swiftly settling down south. Even as late as January of this year, there were barely 70,000 or so Brazilians living in Argentina. The numbers have increased progressively since then. In fact, in 1992 only 129 Brazilians requested to arrange their status with the Argentinean Immigration Department. However, between January and July of this year, more than 1,500 have filed their papenvork, a 1,100% increase. Arturo Rodriguez Oneto, National Director of the Argentine Immigration Department states, "We have never before seen so many Brazilians around here." And although they numerically pale in comparison to the number of Brazilians migrating to Japan, the U.S. or Portugal, they have already become much noticed. Furthermore, almost 2.5 million Bolivians, Paraguayans and Chileans are also living in Argentina as well. Face to face - Although numerically minute, Brazilians in Argentina have become quite visible; diplomatic confrontations have already clouded somewhat the relations between these two mostly friendly neighbors. Recently, Luis Pro!, a cabinet member, in President Carlos Menem's government, accused immigrants -: among them Brazilians - as being the major cause of most social, ills presently befalling Argentina. In fact, it almost seems a mirror-image of the very same arguments currently being raised in the U.S. against other foreigners. Accusations have been leveled, and problems such as insufficient housing and depressed salaries within the construction industry are being blamed upon foreigners. Argentines, earning an average of about $600 per month, are indignant that local construction firms are offering Brazilian workers salaries that average between $300 and $400 per month. The Brazilian Embassy in Argentina has issued a statement, however, in which they state that Argentinean contentions are unfounded, since Argentina is not by any means in a state of economic expansion, and in, in any case, the number of Brazilians within the country comparison to other nationalities - is really insignificant. Brazilians living in Argentina can be classified into one of twcs categories: the first one is composed of tradesmen hired by local . construction firms building in Buenos Aires. Their salaries are roughly 40% better than in Brazil, but lower than the average salary paid to an Argentine worker. The second group, the socalled "sharp- shooters" is mostly made up of illegal immigrants who are in for the short haul. Their goals? To work and save up enough money to return to Brazil and start over again there. A case at hand is Cristiane Caracoci. She quit her job as a store manager in Buzios, Rio de Janeiro. and left for Buenos Aires with . barely $400 in her pocket; she even had to borrow $100 more from the two Argentine girlfriends she was living with to make endsi meet. After working as a baby-sitter, she finally landed herself a, job as a waitress in a bar in downtown Buenos Aires, earning salary of about $600 a month. "As soon as I can save $5,000, I'll return to Brazil" she insists.: Luciano Ferreira, a Mineiro (from Minas Gerais), works as a foreman for a construction firm. He has saved more than $3,000 in less than four months. "In Brazil, I was earning about three minimum salaries (about $210); that money barely covered my expenses," stated Ferreira. Piece of cake - Contrary to finding work in the U.S., it is relatively easy for Brazilians to find jobs in Argentina. Due in part to bi-lateral agreements between the two countries, and also to the economic consolidation through Mercosul (South American Common Market), borders can now be crossed without any major hurdles. Argentine immigration officials routinely issue Brazilians a three month permit to enter their country. 17

And even after that period has elapsed, it is quite improbable that a foreigner will have any sort Of problems with the local authorities. In fact, recent law has also granted amnesty to almost every foreigner who entered the country prior to December of 1991. Few have been rejected. In spite of it all, this paradise for unemployed Brazilians still seems to be in an economic limbo for the average Argentinean. Dollarizing the economy - a plan implemented by President Menem and also being contemplated by Brazil - has produced optimal economic indicators for the country in general, but has failed to improve, however, the quality of life for the average Argentine citizen. Unemployment has tripled, and it is estimated that these economic reforms have actually only benefited about 10% of the people. Overall prices are now higher: a kilo of rice costs about $1.25, 50% more expensive than in Brazil. Eggs and other staples are likewise as high. Lam bad ax Tango - In spite of the many success stories, some Brazilians have also failed in their attempts to make their fortunes in the south. And every month, an average of about 50 paisanos swallow their pride and hustle down to the Brazilian consulate to request a return ticket home, most of them on the verge of total indigence. As recently as late 1992, the number of requests for return tickets to Brazil was barely about an average of five per month. Meanwhile, the grind continues. Some Brazilians, however, have made it in Argentina, and made it "big-time". Take Gilson Damasco Teodoro for example. An avowed Adventist, Gilson - until 1991 - never smoked, never danced, never drank nor had girlfriends. Until he discovered

Lambada. After a short vacation in Itapema (Santa Catarina), he found out the danca proibida, renounced his religion, packed his bags, grabbed his dance-partner, who was a minor at the time, and left for Buenos Aires with barely $400 in his pocket. In a kneejerk, he was able to get a spot on the Valeria Lynch show, and on the Xou de Xuxa. The rest is history. Today, the couple pulls in an average of $4,000 per month; at an average of $150 for a three-song Lambada show, they also have 66 dance pupils who pay $15 per hour to be trained in Lambada steps. In barely 18 months, they have purchased a Monza automobile, rented a three bedroom apartment for which they pay $900 a month, and are co-partners in a newly opened bar located in the swank Palermo sector of Buenos Aires. And although the Lambada has been exhausted elsewhere - Brazil included - it still is highly successful in Argentina, where Kaoma, the band that introduced Lambada to the world, is still the latest rave. Claudio Moretti, owner of Maluco Beleza, a Brazilian-style bar in Buenos Aires says, "Argentineans simply adore Brazilians." In spite of some difficulties that less than well-to-do Brazilians find in Argentina, not many are complaining about the way they are received by their southern neighbors. They are certainly treated much better there: than by the Portuguese in Lisbon. Argentines are enchanted by the alarm of Brazilian beaches in Santa Catarina and Bahia states, and by the way they are treated by Brazilians in general whenever they go up north, particularly during summer vacations. And they do not hesitate to show their heart-felt sympathy and solidarity with Brazilians living in Argentina. Another novelty has been the number of black Brazilians that are seen in Buenos Aires; until the recent past, blacks were hardly ever seen by most Argentines. Now, they have become a hit, particularly with young Argentine women. And if the current trend is any indication, it well could be that the future for many a Brazilian might just well not be towards the North but rather., towards the South!

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Romancing â€˘ the dollar The economic Christmas package sent to Brazilians by the Finance Minister sounds to some more like the proverbial lump of coal. It will require sacrifices. But the pay-off, according to the government, will be the defeat of inflation. ELMA LIA NASCIMENTO For decades now Brazilians have been trying to get rid of a nagging and desperation-inducing inflation, that right now is running at a pace of 36% a month. No reason to worry, says Finance minister Fernando Henrique Cardoso. After months of plenty of talk and no action, Cardoso has announced a plan that he promises will defeat inflation in five short months. There's no secret in the formula, says the minister. According to him, inflation will fall because the public deficit will stop increasing with a series of planned cuts in the budget. "Government will not need to issue new bonds to roll the public debt," he says. Cardoso guarantees this will eliminate the main cause for the Brazilian inflation. The long-awaited package includes four basic measures: a 5% increase in federal taxes, a 15% cut in the money that the Union gives states and municipalities, an overhauling of the 1994 budget with the excision of $15 billion in expenses, and - most innovative of all - the creation of a new inflation index linked to the dollar. This index called UVR (Real Value Unit), after being used to establish pay raises and price increases for an unspecified number of months, would become the new Brazilian currency. It's an upstream race, however. Even before the plan had been announced, representative Roberto Freire, the leader of the government in the House and the man who by office should defend the plan, NEWS from BRAZIL-JANUARY 1994

was attacking it. Opposition came also from various state and municipal chief executives, complaining about the 15% cut included in the pack, this less than one year before general elections. Another big hurdle is the fact that the plan must be approved by Congress. Congress, these days, is much more worried about its own clean-up effort to find out and maybe punish those of its members who participated in the so-called budget scandal. Many people also distrust the new UVR that has been described by Cardoso as unable to "remember previous inflation", in contrast with the current practice of raising prices according to cost of living indexes from previous months. The new mechanism should ensure an inflation very close to the variation in the exchange rates for the dollar. Once again, the minister said that Brazil is not dollarizing its economy a la Argentine. "You can call it anything you want, " rebuts political analyst Amaury de Souza, "but this is a dollarization." To complement the four points, government should also implement an old suggestion of their economists: improve the enforcement teeth of the tax collecting machine. Today, two thirds of federal taxes are lost to fraud and embezzlement. Cardoso assures that all the cuts and austerity will not affect the growth of the economy, which after a decline of almost 1% last year, has recuperated and now is growing at a pace of 4%. â€˘

The new plan at a glance TAXES Federal taxes increase by 5%, generating $4 billion in new revenue. Federal Incomes Taxes, depending on the bracket, go from 15% to 15.75% and from 25% to 26.25%. Employers would have to increase their contribution to social security from 22.2% to 23.31%. INDEX The Real Value Unit (UVR) would be adopted on a voluntary basis by the private sector. initially it would be used by the government to increase public workers' salaries, retirement pensions and fees, and control contracts from the federal government. The UVR is linked to the dollar. BUDGET The 15% cut in taxes being returned to states and municipalities represents an added $3 billion that will be kept apart in a fund called Emergency Social Reserve together with the added 5% in federal taxes. This money will be reserved for health and education programs. CUTS The 1994 budget suffers a total decrease of $22 billion. The cuts will be distributed as follows: personnel ($3.74 billions), social security ($5.6 billions), utilities ($8.83 billions), interest ($1.45 billion), plus the $3 billions not passed to the states and cities. DOLLAR Exporters and importers will be able to open bank accounts in dollars. 19

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NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

ECOLOGY

Banking on the jungle While plans and programs accumulate on some organizations' desks, the Institute of Amazonic and Environmental Studies is making a difference by teaching , rain-forest natives io live from the land without depleting it. EMERSON LUIS

"We love the white man. But we don't want you to write that the Indians are sick and starving. This is not true. We have everything here." This was the message ofcacique(chief) Kanai talking recently to a visiting reporter while pointing to the forest around him. Kunai is the leader of the Aramira village, in the state of Amapa, whose Indians belong to the Waiapi tribe. The WaiApis are descendants of the TupiGuarani Indians and they were contacted for the first time by Funai (Indian National Foundation) only in 1992. In contrast with other tribes that have been invaded and even massacred by garimpeiros (gold seekers) the Waiapis have been protected from this plague. The 388 Indians, spread among six tribes, occupy an area of 573,090 hectares where gold has been found. It happens, however, that they are close to an ILA (Institute of Amazonic and Environmental Studies) project that many believe might be an answer to preserve nature in the Amazon without depriving the more than 1 million people who depend on the NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

forest for their survival. The green movement all over the world and greens of all stripes have been clamoring about the need to save the Amazon. But only those who live in and from the forest know about the real dangers of the jungle. There's still a lot of forest left, and the people who ravage it are not the natives (Indians and caboclos) but chainsaw men who own big boats and spread wholesale devastation. The Indian and the caboclo live from the forest, its fish, its fruit, its medicinal herb. They are, however, in a position of extreme weakness when confronted with crews of loggers, garimpeiros or other outsiders. TV is also bringing changes, making the caboclo teen covet the tennis shoes he sees on the little screen and gladly swap his cupuacu juice for a Coca-Cola. The natives are selling their nuts and other products to these exploiters, for close to nothing. "People living in the Maraca Valley," says Mario Menezes, from the lEA, "give away a avaizeiro (palm tree) for $7 to the middle man. They could make 70 times more money if they kept the tree and sold the fruit (the avai)." Menezes is an agronomist and he has been working in the Amazon for the Agriculture Ministry for the last 20 years. This chain of exploration is now being broken more and more, thanks to the work of the NGOs (Non-Governmental Organization). One of these programs is the Konrad Adenauer Foundation, which invested $400,000 in a four-year project that plans to teach the population from Marzagao, in Amapa, how to make the forest work for them, and in the process, attain financial autonomy. That's the Maraca project, neighbor to the Waiapis. Edmundo Alcantari'Rosa, president of the Association of the Maraca Valley. Extractivist Workers, is one who believes that

without this program, the population from the area wouldn't be there today. The lEA has several projects being developed right now not only in Amapa but also in Acre, Mato Grosso and Rondonia. The have created the Chonk, an energy bar made of nuts and crystallized fruit. The product is made by a food company that buys nuts produced in Xapuri, in the state of Acre. Among other projects, one of them, the Mamiraud (the name means baby , cow-fish) charmed Prince Charles who visited it in 1992 during the Earth Summit in Rio. Installed in the Amazon state, the 200,000-hectare project involves various communities that are already producing what they need to be self sufficient in food. The basic diet there consists of fish, game and manioc. Fifteen scientists are developing biological and human research in order to preserve the best the region has to offer. Not everybody is happy with the Mamiraua program, but the discontent ones are mostly people who have just arrived in the area and there is already a movement to force them to leave. Doroteia Martins, 24, seems to be echoing the sentiment of other locals when she says, "Since 1987 when the first biologist arrived, the variety of fish has been growing all the time. Now I can show my children some species that I thought were already extinct." 21

The man who most credit as the main force behind the idea to bring the World Cup to the USA wasn't in any place to be seen when Las Vegas put on a show to choose who plays where and with whom. The King was snubbed by FIFA's president, Brazilian Joao Havelange, in a low, mean and personal vendetta.

But the spirit of good will that should also be part of the ceremony was absent. The word was all over the place. Everyone was talking about an illustrious absent. It was impossible to ignore the absence of Pele, the most recognized soccer player of all times. That wasn't any Brazilian fan, but a commentator from ESPN - which transmitted live the event from Las Vegas - who said that together with the Pope and Mohammed Ali, Pete is one of the most known personalities of today's world. And a Brazilian newspaper wrote that having the ceremony without Pele would be the same as the Pope promoting a party without inviting Jesus Christ. Pele was banished from the ceremony because of an accusation he made against Ricardo Teixeira, president of the Brazilian Soccer Confederation (CBF), and who is also the son-in-law of autocratic and all-powerful president of FIFA (soccer's international governing body), Joao Havelange. In an interview to Brazilian Playboy in August, Pele charged Teixeira with corruption. According to the former soccer player, to get the TV rights to the Brazilian national soccer championship his company would have to pay back Teixeira a $1 million bribe. 45,

Where's Pele? Shame on you, Havelange!

SERGIO DO LAGO It should have been a galaafternoon with soccer players, music and movie stars, beautiful people and a good deal of expectation for the drawing that would decide the groups for the World Cup USA 94. We can't say it wasn't all that. 22

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

It's RI Or is it Miami The streets have a Baiano spice, the pace is genuine Carioca, the music is Axe or Pagode, and the official language of the place appears to be Portuguese. TEXT: TANIA MAHON

PHOTOS:

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

-1

,,s,. :00 pm on Saturday night and we haven't decided yet where to go. Should we go to a pagode house, eat a churrasco (barbecue) and watch a Brazilian show? Or eat a feijoada and listen to some bossa nova oldies? Or simply go for a stroll on the beach? The night is only beginning, or as \\ e say in Brazil, the night is only a child.lt sounds like we are in

ART DECO DISTRICT CEZAR SANT'ANA The Art Deco District is like many places rolled into one. If you go for a walk from Ocean Drive Avenue to the Bayside you feel like going into a surprise party. Ocean Drive is the prototype of the beach spirit. Bicycles, skates, beautiful people walking up and down any time of the day or night. Live music, from rock and roll to Brazilian and Caribbean styles, each place with its different yet complementary "tribes". Walk one block west and you are at Collins Avenue. The scenery changes dramatically. The trade mark of the street is the Art Deco hotels and constructions with their pastel tones: pink and blue, green and violet, everything put together into an artistic context. Following our stroll we reach Washington Avenue - another surprise. The street becomes larger, with a little garden right in the middle of it. There you can find from 24-hour supermakets to one-dollar stores, from Arabian and Chinese restaurants to very sophisticated or weird disco clubs, clothes, and more people. At this point you can also enjoy a little bit of Europe: the outside tables of cafĂŠs and the elegant shops of Spanola Way. We keep on walking a little bit more until we find where people live. The streets are quieter and one can see how daily life goes on. No big mistery! The next few blocks remind us of a very small town. You'll find white houses with a big front yard and no fence. Between 11th and 14th streets you'll cross the beautiful and restful Flamingo Park where the Abel Holtz stadium is. Well, we have reached Alton Road - cars again, lots of big and renowned department stores. Two more blocks and it's West Avenue with its contrasting bayside towers from where you can almost feel the heartbeat of Miami Beach and enjoy the best views of downtown, the port of Miami, and incredible sunsets. Congratulations! Now, you also know a little about South Miami Beach, a place where some Brazilians call home and many more use it aS their amusement park. 25

Brazil, right? It just sounds. We're in Miami and sometimes I forget it. After living in the West Coast for 10 years I moved to Florida and discovered Miami, a Brazilian state of mind. Portuguese is spoken everywhere here. No big surprise, since there are aproximately 100,000 Brazilians living in Miami alone. Places for entertainment are open almost all night and at 3 o'clock in the morning we can actually choose where to go for a late dinner or an early breakfast. The heat and humidity sometimes are stronger than in Rio de Janeiro and the beaches are crowded with Brazilians on their natural habitat. We didn't want to miss on anything so we went to eat churrasco at Ipanema Bar & Grill in Coral Gables while enjoying a fine Brazilian dance show. The pagode show at the Brazilian Delight was next. The restaurant is located in downtown Miami with outside tables on a square-like environment. Soon I was to forget again that I wasn't in Brazil. Coming back to the South Beach we stopped at Mango's Tropical CafĂŠ located in the hot and trendy Art Deco District. Right by the door, beside the palm trees, I've found a nice handicraft booth owned by Vera Ferreira, 32, Brazilian. While browsing through the earrings and bracelets-, we had a little chat. "Why Miami?," I asked. "Beach, warm weather, people, relaxing way of living and dressing, like Rio, but better," she answers. "Look around," she continues. Mango's is located by the beach and the street is crowded with people of all ages. All the bars and nightclubs are open and no one seems to realize it's 2 o'clock in the morning already. It feels like a mix of Baixo Leblon, Ipanema (both in Rio) and Venice Beach (in California). I thought we were going home, now. My mistake. "Going home? No way. Let's park our car here and go for a walk," my friend told me. "We want to see more of the Art Deco District." Having had enough for one night I proposed my friends to sit down for a beer, so they could tell me more about this very peculiar area. 26

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SHORT STORY iiacao1osAbio, era quase kanientcporquehavia alguem ndecrantst•oiltidrifoi do novo tor daGazeta efihiado ao partido sabio. "Voces hao de Um caloteiro, un ttia fugido do R. o ahse baseav LIMA B RRET baseava. l'ocialt Spilt° venda rival para a e sibt deque go Ningudm sabia donde viera'aquele homem. 0 agente do Pelino fosse uftrilco;Jonteliisci* mat Correio pudera apenas informar que acudia ao nome de gramatico. inguein escreViri ern. illab Raimundo Flamel, pois assim era subscrita a correspondencia nao levasse ordoada do Capitio'Pelfraf,,,e que recebia. E era grande. Quase diariamente, o carteiro la quando se lava em algum homem notave ia a um dos extremos da cidade, onde morays o desconhe- Rio, ele na deixava de dizer: "No lurt,dayt cido, sopesando um masso alentado de cartas vindas do homem tern talento, mas escreve: um `r) mundo inteiro, grossas revistas em linguas arrevezadas, resto... "E contraia os labios como se tivessieii livros, pacotes... alguma cousa amarga. Quando Fabrfcio, o pedreiro, voltou de urn selitlectem Toda a vila de Tubiacanga acostutitott-se casa do novo habitante, todos na venda perguntaram-lhe que respeitar o solene Pelino, que corrigia e-emenda trabalho the tinha sido determinado. as maiores glorias nacionais. Urn sabio.. - Vou fazer um forno, disse o preto, na sala de jantar. Ao entardecer, depois de ler um Nue° oSôtlro, Imaginem o espanto da pequena cidade de Tubiacanga, o Candido de Figueiredo ou o Castro LOpits e ae- ter ao saber de tao extravagante construcao: urn forno na sala de passado mais uma vez a tintura nos cabelos, o yam jantar! mestre-escola saia vagarosamente de casa, Tuft° E, pelos dias seguintes, Fabricio Ode contar que vira abotoado no seu paleto de brim rnitleiro, e baloes de vidro, facas sem corte, copos coinqos da farmacia encaminhava-se para a botica do Bastos a dar dois - um rol de cousas esquisitas a se mostrarem pelas mesas e dedos de prosa. Conversar é um modo de dizer, prateleiras como utensilios de uma bateria de cozinha em porque era Pelino avaro de palavras, limitando-se que o proprio diabo cozinhasse. tao-somente a ouvir. Quando, pordm, dos labios de 0 alarma se fez na vita. Para uns, os matiadiantidos, era alguem escapava a menor incorrecao de linguagem, um fabricante de moeda falsa; para otitroOris crentes e intervinha e emendava. "Eu asseguro, dizia o agente simples, um tipo que tinha parte cow 6401friso. do Correio, que"... Pot al, o mestre-escola intervinha Chico da Tirana, o carreiro, quando passava em frente conrmansuetude evangdlica: "Nao diga aiseguro, casa do homem misterioso, ao lado do carro a chiar, e olhaVa Bernardes; em portugues C garanto." a chamine da sala de jantar a fumegar, nAodeixadé v *1 a cOnversa continuava depois da emenda, para persignar-se e rezar um "credo" em voz baixa; e, na9 ser de novo" terrompida pot uma outra. Por essas e intervencao do farmaceutico, o subdelegado teria id6 outras, houv mnitos palestradores que se afastaram, cerco a casa daquele indivIduo suspeito, que inqMetaVa a mas Pelino, 9ndiferente, seguro dos seus deveres, imaginacao de toda uma populacao. contmuava o seu apostolado de vernaculisrno. A Tomando em consideracao,as:informacoesAe Fabricio, chegada do sabio veio distrai-lo urn pouco da sua o boticario Bastos concluira ,r e2odes,4411 o devia ser missao. Todo o seu esforco voltava-se agora para urn u sabio, um grande quimiso ,1leftig ia63tt .-para mais combater aquele rival, que surgia tao inosossegadamente levar avante os seus tribalhos cientificos. pinadamente. Homem formado e respeitadonacidade, vereador, medico Foram vas as suas palavras e a sua eloqiienca: i tambem, porque o Dr. Jer6nimo,40-40stava de receitar. dase nao so Raimundo 'Flame! pagava em dia as fizera sock) da farmacia pail' aoPem ,viver, a opini o suas con s, como era generoso - pat da pobreza de Bastos levou tranqUilidade II .,,, ' c • sciencias e fez - e o farmac tico,vira numa revista de especificos '' 'odlia corn que a populacaa.cercitSse dejititetil 0 Sa admiracao seu nome c --'Cbmito quimico de valor. a pessoa do grande. quimico, fdad II , .. , De Mole, se yrarn a passear ela Havia j anosque o qufmico vivia em Tubia, 9. canggittan onus bela Bastos viu entrar claras ,do ilachofoisiaanit& dt, pela bi)tica litro. 0 prazer do farrnacOutico tot o'Crepitsculo; toclos:Se 'clesco!?",rta qtati As imenso. 0 S fo'nlio se dignara ate visitar fosse 'boas noites'!"- acrescentassenti r', qlemitisse , certo dia, quando o sacristao Orestes coracao oti" en em sua casa, pedindo-lhe tuna esmola tratava istcria04' 41 test.a de Nossa Senhora da Conceicao, Parecendo apiddar fenfado qrele o recebeu e atendeu. s°frer e morrer., Bastos saill-de detras do balcao, correu a verdadei,erakIe ver+se;,s0 aAtitutlierfeint demonstracao de a Iiondade de Vidisilarco tte 1011r i quemilabia om quern tratavri e foi qulse em'Oma pretas, tao-lisas de ill exclamacao que disse: sej o. grata& e asperativendoitmi aas.s arircaass xia 0 sal7io areceu ntio aurpreender nem corn a dos trOpicos. ' dernonstrac de respeito do farmaceutico, nem Par vezes;vinha-the vontade'de pensar quaal a raz -'19 de c,orn 0 tr , 0, , er#0 , universitario. Docemente olhou ter Bernardin de Saint-Pierre ,8assteo toda dos ,zesont a su tern u rti a co: —re utpo idtant,e, "IfrinticAo cheia de medicamentos e Paulo e Virginia e esquncelz , ,,,,,„ ,„e. al. r • ndiu* 28

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

issft s ess ' '"4,, ,NP:"10441;01ANIPPt"g"'"14,"Migg0,*Ig4tgotgg,gag.N., ,gg ' - Desejava falfir-lhe em particular, Sr. Bastos -zik • 0 espanto do farmaceutico foi grande. Em que ,poderia ele ser 6til ao homem, cujo nome coma res1)!Ii , mundo e de quem os jornais falavam cool tdo "explicactio'para 0 seu desaparecimento. acendrado respeito? Seria dinheiro? Talvez‘i g Um atraso no pagamento das re daa Ue sabe?, foi era uma peqUena cidade de tres owquatro ' conduzindo o quimico pe,rte a case s „ labitantes, muito pacifica em cuja esta ao deonde'etir 'olhar espantado do apren, um morn 0 e, os expressos davam ii:1,iort":4e parar. Ha me? ? 9,„ deixou a mdo descansar ecqc ace e;registrava nela unItX0arto'oufrocibo.,iks purtas 6 janet,. , ...„., , ' ' .4 taanalualquer. „ rtun,usadas... porqUe,*-1q0"as'usaVa _ Po Jim, achou aos 4:Iti:t1timo ctintiv'notadit em sett pobre cadas!,r . o.tora utn . , m e' que lhe servia para exames , '' ais ass'a' ssinato por.ocasiao:tptsk•eleicges. , inu.nIMPais.,.; meas, = ` ara as pequenas operacoes, porque Bastos atendendo que o assassino-era'do, panda ao govemo! a entaram-see klti,tnern dou a vitima da oposicdo, o aconteciMenteentitideidterott'os habitos da cidade, continuando ela a exportar o setecifore-' ico-me àquImica, mirar as suas casas baixas e acanhadis nas escassas ' r pet, o no mundo sabitN.. pequeno rio que a batizara. dottier, mesmo tenho diS Mas, qual ndo foi a surpresa dos seus habitantes quandO fieus amigos. '.,''' se veio a verificar nela um dos mais repugnantes crimes de 'm: f'i urna grancie'clescoberta, que se tern memoria! Ndo se tratava de urn esquartejamento ou parricidio; ndo era o assassinato de uma familia inteira ou ,0 0 o seu entusiasmo, o sabio fez urn assalto a Coletoria; era cousa pior, sacrilega aos olhos de , tliiikcontinuou: todas as religioes e consciencias; violavam-se as sepulturaa ! tOCIAa... Mas nAo me eenvem por ora, do "Sossego", do seu cemiterio, do seu Campo Santo. , e 'il'utito sabio, compreende? Em comeco,o coveiro julgou que fossem caeS,%rnasi, ,, rti•46",fire. , revistando bem o muro, ndo encontrou senao petplittoit ..., 44; „ . . 0,...14-^ ' elsaiiitae tres pessoas concektUadas buracos. Fechou-os; forin6til. No dia segtunte, unrjaZigo5. temunhas de umalexperienc4ifela e perpetuo arrombadO elos , ossos saqueados; no outroiggurn '' ittestado em forritt,,̀:para resguardar a "carneiro e uma sopUltara*rasa. Era genie ou detnoniiit =V . 11 ,''M ''inha invencacx..'0 senhor sabe: hi coveiro nab quisiistontinuar as pesquisas por sua conta, unprevistos e... foi ao subdelegade e a noticia espalhou-se pela cidade. 0 ha diivida! nte! A indignacdo na cidade tomou todas as feicOes e todas as se trata de fazer ouro... 40' senhorque vontades. Kleligiao da morte precede todas e certamente , que? rei Bastos arregalanclo os olhos. sera a Ultima amorrer nas consciencias. Contra a profanacao, o! disse corn firmeza Flamel. clamaram os seus presbiterianos do lugar - os biblias, como !hes chama o povo; clarnava o agrimensor Nicolau, antigo rrsabera, disse o quimico secamente. A Icadete e positivista do rito Teixeira Mendes; clamava o omnto sao as pess_oas que ,deveni tinekivCamanho, presidente da Loja Nova Esperanca; assistir a experienetc-itAo acha9 1amavam o turco Miguel Abudalah, negociante de - Corn certeza, preciso quik, arñiñ$o, e o cetico Belmiro, antigo estudante, que vivia ,fiquem r sguardados, porquani64, aó e 14ã, bebericando paratiimas tavernas. A pr6pria U r elas interrompeu o or; as , residente daiTtOtrada de Ferro, que vivia Sr.g' tos fara o favor de tnalcar-m lugarejo, ieni'notar sequer os suspiros <v„. ggg aria, eVe lam instante a pensar, pasoi a0aixotracicOocais, sempre esperando que o expresso is s'eonhecimentos, e ao fim de trouxesse urri- Orpe a - a linda e desdenhosa Cora nao pode cleiXii`degconiOartilhar da indignacdo e do erve,Atthece? horror quo tat ato proVocaire emlodos do lugarejo. Que tinha .„warc;10 u corn eta corn o tumulo de aritiftoi escravos e humildes roceiros? Ern que podia interessaraoseus lindos olhos pardos o tar.`anti cfc gad hornern destino de tao hurnildesOitina/4orventura, o furto doles Vf.)!9.9'‘e perturbaria o seu sot d, " tgerrradiarIrlede sua boca, t-k". tgioso? Facoacres="'Ad,,os seus olhos e'dO„se tou F 4,Esi loge,kpo, rid,' a 04001 De, c rto, corn setdjcra Mit() e sesto. ! E quase' acetto. Ba A0,10 era o erten

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Cora, de pes nus, comas , c inelas nas maos, procurou'a A noticia correu logo de casa em casa,4,,, criada para irem juntas i'colh 'ta de ossos. Nao a encontr.ou, , quando,'de manha se tratou de estabelecer.a foi Sozinha; e D. Emilia,"Ven -se s6, adivinhou o passer° e i identidade dos dois malfeitores, fdi'dianted# .--., la foi,tarnbem. E assim acon ceu na cidade inteira. 0 'pai, populacao inteira que foram neles recoil': '7iiern dizer nada ao filho, saia; mulher, julgando enganar o hecidos o Coletor Carvalhaes e o Coron'el arid°, saia; os fi I hos, allha os criados -todaapopultiOlio, Bentes, rico fazendeird e Presidente da Sob ,e,s atrsealeagsa,as a, so q' bargaudeans; fc a totrarue.u0am o a is as train c,ioefle:' a, , Camara. Este Ultimo ainda vivia e, a pergun'*- i;;Ind4ezz'-ivuozusdnaso .i repetidas que Ihe fizeram, pode dizer qu „ ,,,:o mais pobre la estavam. Era urco Miguel, era o professor . juntava os ossos para fazer ouro e=o. Pelino, o Dr. JerOnimo, o maj r Camanho, Cora, a lin a ea companheiro que fugira era o farmaceutico. deslumbrante Cora, COM OS S i lindos dedos de alabastrei, ' Houve espanto e houve esperancas. Como revolvia 11sanie das -Sepultur , arrancava as carnes ainda fazer ouro corn ossos? Seria possivel? Mas podres agarraclas tenaztnente s ossos e deles enchia o seir aquele homem rico, respeitado, COMO desceria regaco ateilli in6til. Era dot que'colhia e as suas narinas ao papel de ladrao de mortos se a cousa nao que 'Sej'abriain em asas ,rqtad „ ; 4 quase transparentes, nao fosse verdade! seiitiailo fetid° dos tecicitis a recidos cm lama fedorenta....., Se fosse possivel fazer; se daqueles kddsinteligencia naoItar u a surgir; os mortos erarn- .miseros despojos fUnebres se pudesse fazer- youcos e riao bastavam Ora tisfazer a fome dos vivos.„ alguns contos de reis, como nao "seria born!, . liouve facadas, tiros, cachac s. Pelino esfiqueoir,.o turcii . para todos eles! ' por causa de urn femur e Ines o entre as familitts questOes,= 0 carteiro, cujo velho sonho era a surgiram. Unicamente o cart o e o tii4o!idto brigaram., formatura do filho, viu logo a4 meios de Andaram juntos e de acordo e h uvainntNietipleo peqUenn,',, consegui-la. Castrioto, o escrivio.do juiz de uma esperta crianca de orize Os, ate itconselhou ao plat paz, que o ano passado conseguiu comprar "Papal, vamos onde esti rnam e; , ela , era to gorda..." uma casa, mas ainda nao a pudera cercar, De manha, o cemiterio tinh4mais.mortos do que aqueles , pensou no muro, que lhe devia proteger a , que recebera em trinta anos de,,, tstencut.,,Urna Unica pessori horta e a criacao. Pelos olhos do sitiante'•"' hi no estivera, nao maUtren rofatiara'sepulturas: fora o Marques que andava desde anos atrapalhado babado Belrniro. para arranjar urn pasto, passou logo o prado, : Entrando numa venda, ,$iei6..aberta, e nela nao, verde do Costa, onde os seus bois engordarianl: encontrando ninguem, encher4imagarrafa de parati e se, e ganhariam forcas... ' .-' ' deixara ficar a beber sentad aMargem do Tubiacanga, , As necessidades de cada urn, aqueles ossos .viOci .escoirer mansameate a4suHi3guas sobre, o aspero que eram ouro, viriam atender, satisfazer- e,,Z1b4;d0p '•_4•anito - ambos,;403e, 4ri61,,mdtferentes itti'que jifelicita-los; e aqueles dois ou treS'milhares ; -vi4m:l8b"qtie viam, meiüafgado farmaceotico; coin o de pessoas, homens, criancas, mulheres' , sett Pot‘u Co seu segredd,,sob ,dUcell eterno das estrelas. „ mocos e velhos, como se fossem uma se,.;:. ', , , ,„ . .,. . ., pessoa, correram a casa do farmaceutrco. , From‘the first edition ofTriste , m 0 Policarpp Quaresma, A custo, o subdelegado pode impedir que thiehialided , short stories besideafthat novel. varejassem a botica e conseguir que ficassern na praca a espera do hornern, que tinha o Carioca +Mouse Henriques de intallarreto (1681-1922) segredo de todo um Potosi. Ele nit° tardou a is one of the greatest giaai et urban roaparecer. Trepado a uma cadeira, tendo na mances. 1111ra=s'abey od "-0149116 res

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NEWS from BRAZIL-JANUARY 1994

Thomas Victor

oi of L Ameni What are we to do when we don't know enough Portuguese or Spanish to read a Clarice Lispector, a Jorge Amado or a Julio Cortazar? We listen to the translator. Here, arguably the best of them talks about his work. NEWS from BRAZIL-JANUARY 1994

An Interview with Gregory Rabassa BONDO WYSZPOLSKI he most invigorating literature of the past quarter-century derives from Latin America. Spreading across conti nents near and far during the latter 1960s, the 'Boom' elevated such names as Julio Cortazar, Mario Vargas Llosa, Clarice Lispector, Jose Donoso, plus the Nobel Prize laureates Miguel Angel Asturias and Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Without their influence, the world of books would be a darker, more rigid place. It's easy enough to drop titles - The Lost Steps, The Kiss of the Spider Woman, Infante 's Inferno - while forgetting one important point: to make an impact in the United States, these works had to be adequately translated from Spanish or Portuguese. And, undeniably, one of the most notable translators of recent Latin American literature has been Gregory Rabassa. In fact, Dr. Rabassa has rendered into English at least one novel from each of the writers mentioned above. His latest translations include Taratuta and Still Life With Pipe, by the Chilean novelist Jose Donoso, and The War of the Saints, by Brazilian Jorge Amado. From his home in New York City, Gregory Rabassa recently spoke with News from Brazil about his work as a translator, his friendship with writers like Nelida Pilion, Jorge Amado's newest opus, and his own thoughts about the state of foreign literature in this country. News from Brazil: "Dr. Rabassa, the obvious first question; who or what led you down the path to becoming a professional translator?" Gregory Rabassa: "It was serendipity. I was an editor of Odyssey, a magazine of translations that we put out at Columbia University in the early sixties. My job was scouting Latin America. But we were always short of translations, and I did quite a few. When Pantheon decided to publish Julio Cortazar's Hopscotch in translation they asked me if I was interested, which I was. I did a sample and they liked it, Julio liked it, I won a National Book Award, and I've been at it ever since." NfB: "Can you simply leap into a translation? Or do you need a certain warm-up period?" G R: "I almost always leap in. Sometimes, as with Hopscotch, I don't even read it first, but read it as I go along, like any other reader. Other times, as with One Hundred Years of Solitude, I had read the novel before I was asked to translate it. "I usually do a rough draft for meaning and then rework it for style. I don't waste too much time pondering the first time, saving that for the second time through." NfB: "Do you confer with the authors?" GR: "This depends on the writers. Some are available, some are not. Julio and I had a close working relationship by mail and would come together every so often in person. We got to be close friends and could sense each other's feelings rather well. Garcia Marquez gave me carte blanche and was usually pleased with what I did... I worked a little with Clarice Lispector when I was in Brazil. Jorge Amado, like Garcia Marquez, is a man of good faith and there is always a Bahian around to give me help when needed." NfB: Afterwards, when the translations are finished, do you stay in touch with any of these writers?" GR: "As I said, I became quite close to Julio Cortazar.

Although I have only translated short pieces of hers, Nelida Ph-ion is a close friend of me and my wife, Clementine, and we see her quite often. I have known Nelida since my first trip to Brazil in 1962 when we were both getting started. Someday I would like to translate her first novel, Guia-Mapa, de Gabriel Arcanjo, but it might be too far over people's heads and publishers would avoid it." NfB: "In retrospect, are there any translations of yours that you're no longer pleased with?" GR: "All of them. No translation is ever finished. The better alternatives always keep cropping up in hindsight. This is why I never like to look beyond the dust jacket of something I have done. I don't have this feeling with something I have written myself. As far as expression is concerned, I'm almost always satisfied when I see it in print. Ideas may change over the years but never the way I put them." NfB: "Is there a work, or an author, besides Nelida Phion, that you've wanted to translate but have not yet been able to?" G R: "There are quite a few. I have translated the novel 0 Meu Mundo Neio E Deste Reino, by the Azorean writer Joao de Melo, but I have had a hard time finding a publisher. I also think the Spanish picaresque novel Lazarillo de Tormes needs a new translation because the one I am using in a course I teach is quite bad, but is the only one available." NfB: "You certainly have a command of the written word. Are you a writer as well?" GR: "I have written quite a few articles, reviews, and some poetry. Maybe I'll do a novel someday if I can find a proper plot." NfB: "What have been your experiences in translating Jorge Amado?" GR: "With Jorge, as with all the writers I have done, I let him lead me and then the translation will follow right along. Since it's been a while since my last trip to Brazil and even more since Bahia, I'm a bit out of touch with the giria, although the Chamberlain/Harmon dictionary is most useful." NfB: "Having already translated Showdown, was it necessarily easier to get a firm handle on

sense in his novels. I would say that Jorge himself is another character that he himself has invented. He belongs in one of his novels but I don't think I've really found him there." NfB: "Are there authors you've translated who you think deserved better attention than they received? I'm thinking, for example, of Avalovara, by Osman Lins. Do you feel this novel received its fair share of attention?" . GR: "Osman Lins certainly needs more attention; Avalovara is a masterpiece, an exemplar of the present form of the new novel. The Spaniard Juan Benet, whom I have also translated, is another who deserves more attention. Unfortunately, they are both dead now. The Portuguese Antonio Lobo Antunes deserves better. In many ways I think he is deeper than Jose Saramango, who has caught on here." NIB: "As for upcoming translations, what can we look forward to?" GR: "There is a possibility that I will do some stories by the Chilean Jorge Edwards." NIB : "Could you mention any works you've translated that you think will still be widely read, say, 100 years from now?" GR: "One Hundred Years of Solitude must last 100 years in order to live up to its title and theme. My hope is that others, like Avalovara, will slowly become part of the Latin American canon. 1 have seen that happen to Hopscotch, which was slow in its early growth. "The translation game has slowed down quite a bit over the last few years. Publishers are now mainly part of big conglomerates, which always look to the bottom line and not to quality. With the exception of Roger Straus, there is no Alfred A. Knopf left to take an interest in good foreign literature. "It is sad, but the business seems largely in the hands of the philistines right now and there is little we can do to right it. Authors will have to be satisfied with being published by smaller presses. This is quite different from Portugal and Brazil, where the best fiction makes the best seller lists.

No translation is ever finished. The better alternatives always keep cropping up in hindsight.

The War of the Saints?"

GR: "I would say yes. The two novels were written close together and Jorge's style, one could say, is close in both - even though the plots are different. The spirit is quite often the same. "I hope that The War of the Saints makes a bigger splash than Showdown; I can even see Sonia Braga in the double role of Saint Barbara/Yansan." N113: "How does Jorge Amado differ from or resemble his fictional creations?" GR: "I don't know that Jorge resembles any of his characters. You can certainly see the tale-teller in him, the humorist. Also the bondade that you 32

Other titles not mentioned above that Dr. Rabassa has translated into English include: Mulata, Strong Wind, The Green Pope, and The Eyes of the Interred, by Miguel Angel Asturias; The Green House and Conversation in the Cathedral, by Mario Vargas Llosa; Marks of Identity, by Juan Goytisolo; Paradiso, by Jose Lezama Lima; Seven Serpents and Seven Moons, by Demetrio Aguilera-Malta; Macho Camacho's Beat, by Luis Rafael Sanchez; Sea of Death and Captains of the Sands, by Jorge Amado; and The Lizard's Tail, by Luisa Valenzuela. â€˘ NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

e'N e got a long book here, but consider this: Brazil has over 600 known varteties of palm trees, more than any other country, and if the publishers of Bloom's doorstopper really wanted to impress us they could have reproduced one tree per page and still have had a few left over. Pamela Bloom apparently spent 11 months in the land of Order and Progress, and no one will doubt that she covered a jot of ground. Well, she had no choice. Brazil, one must remember, occupies 47 of South America. If Amazonia was a separate country, it would be larger than India. Because â€˘ Brazil 1993 is the work of one writer instead of a team of 10 or 12, it has an overview and .a. cohesion some readers may prefer. Bloom's approach is generally straightforward and matter-of-fact, and she's attentive to our curiosities and apprehensions. Women, especially, may choose this guide for the obvious reaSW) that Bloom is naturally sensitive to their concerns. As for personality, the author includes some of her own adventures, which she italicizes so as not to mislead us irito expecting identical encounters. Bloom seems to cover the bases (or at least the basics), but is this guide really for you? I'd suggest thumbing through the table of contents and scanning the index. Rio gets 100 pages, but So Paulo just 25. There's roughly 65 for Minas Gerais, 25 for Rio Grande do Sul, 55 for Bahia, 60 for Amazonia, 70 for the Northeast, and so on. Naturally, a 600-page guide will not do very much good if the region to be visited is given only three or four pages. The major tourist destinations are treated systematically. For each city, there are sections for hotels, res-

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taurants, night-life, shopping and sightseeing, as well as more practical matters: Where to rent a car, exchange money, or acquire medical service. For example, under a heading entitled 'Safety in Salvador,' we find a list of places to avoid or to visit with a degree of caution. Readers of Jorge Amado will recognize some of the names, which he often tends to romanticize - the Praca da Se, the Pelourinho, etc. - but of course Amado never puts warning labels on his books. Maybe that's what travel writers are for. Bloom mentions Brazilian cuisine, and she does define the more exotic dishes or delicacies the first time around, but a glossary where all of them appear together might be useful. She does insert a four-page discography, the Sounds of Brazil, so to speak - but readers may want to check out the recent tour-of-Brazil-via-its-music by John Krich, called Why Is This Country Dancing? Bloom also supplies a list of non-fiction books, although a list of recommended novels would undoubtedly have added some flavor. For example, one might suggest Joao Ubaldo Ribeirc's An

NEWS from BRAZIL- JANUARY 1994

Invincible Memory for its Bahia and Itaparica setting, Antonio Torres' The Land for its gritty depiction of the Northeast, and Oswaldo Franca Kinior's The Long Haul for its truck-cab view of Minas Gerais. Early on, Bloom writes, "And incredible as it may seem, I personally inspected 99% of the hotels included in this book." My comment is, Incredible as it seems, no one proofread the galleys for typographical errors: the book is infested with them. But while a few misspelled words may be innocuous, what if there are address or phone numbers or prices that are misprinted? We may not discover the error until it's too late. There are two other drawbacks to this book. Imagine, say, an intimate biography of Sonia Braga withabsolutely no pictures. 'That's what it feels like reading Brazil 1993 because there is not one single map. And a book like this - it's only natural - should be full of them. Although Bloom has included some of her own black-and-white photographs, they are not overly inspiring. Her publisher, I think, should have gotten on - or off - his high horse and rounded some up. Or do I need to repeat the old adage about a picture being worth a thousand words? However, since we do not want to dissuade anyone from a trip to Brazil, we'll let Porto Alegre author Moacyr Scliar have the last word. This is from his novel, The Strange Nation of Rafael Mendes, and in this passage Mendes is thinking about the immense land in which he lives: "In spite of everything, this country has vitality, energy; it's a country of contrasts, an irritating country, yet a great country, no doubt about it." With the proper guidebook, one can travel to Brazil and discover firsthand if Rafael Mendes is right. â€˘ 33

CINEMA

Narareth Kurdoghlian as Rath and Arsinee Khanjian as Elizabeth in Chickpeas.

Under the spell A debuting filmmaker goes to Brazil to show his work and falls in love with the land and the people. HARRIET ROBBINS Nigol Bezjian writer/producer/director of his first feature film Chickpeas was delighted to receive an invitation to present his film in the 17th Sao Paulo International Film Festival from Leon Cakoff, the festival director. The schedule was worked out so that one of his two prints would be sent directly to the festival from a prior fest in time for the event. The other print was circulating at other festivals as well as throughout the world. Chickpeas is not only the first feature film for most everyone involved in it, it is also the first Armenian diaspora film, and perhaps the first independent American film completed in a former eastern bloc country. So far, the film has had several screenings in Europe and Los Angeles, and has been well received. Nigol was looking forward to visiting Brazil. It had been an exciting and rewarding year for him with the successful launching of his film and his visits to the fests where the film was invited. Leaving Shanghai where he attended his first international film festival he was on his way to Brazil. In Shanghai he had met Hector Directors Rudolph Thome and Nigol Bezjian. Babenco who was on that festival's jury. They were to meet again in Brazil. So his adventure begins. Nigol didn't encounter any difficulty to get to Brazil but the print that was to go to the festival was held up, due to the strike in France. The other print was going from fest to fest in the U.S.A. There were some difficulties but they were all worked out through the good graces of the Sao Paulo festival. Another problem arose when the film was held in customs as it had been overevaluated by the shipper. Again the Sao Paulo festival came to his rescue and the film was released, but not until the day that Nigol was to leave Brazil. The film was in the theatre, Nigol introduced himself and then had to hurry off to the airport. It was a filmmaker's nightmare with a happy ending. Despite this mixup, Nigol said, "While 34

NEWS from BRAZIL-JANUARY 1994

I was trying to work out the logistics I decided to take advantage of my visit to Brazil and make the best of the situation." He was free to enjoy himself in Sao Paulo and he was able to meet with other filmmakers and participants at the festival. He continued: "The people who run the Sao Paulo Film Festival are the most exquisite people you would ever want to meet. They were unbelievable in their warmth. I was there for ten days and they helped make my visit one I will never forget. Leon Cakoff and his staff, every single one of them, showered me with attention and care. I befriended a German director, Rudolph Thome, whose film Love at First Sight was at the festival. I met Todd Mccarthy who was there with his film Visions of Light and his lovely wife Sasha and I renewed my friendship with Hector Babenco. "We all got together many times and one special day we took a ride into the country to Leon's beach house. Upon arrival Leon said, 'let's go visit Hector who lives next door.' It was a fantastic day; it was paradise (except for 78 mosquito bites) it will be a day and night I will never forget. We ate, we talked, we walked, in this magnificent setting on the beach in Brazil. "In the evening we all went to Hector's house where we were entertained with food and talk, then as night unfolded we all decided to take a walk on the beach. The moon was shining, I was overwhelmed by the beauty of it all. The waves were breaking white on the beach, the stars were luminous in the sky, it struck me, 'Here we are, all of us talking about film.' "It was like a scene from a Fellini movie. There we were: surf, ocean, sky and sea, an unforgettable day and night. Upon our return the next morning we drove through the jungle and the mountains. Brazil is a magnificent country, the terrain, the food, the drink, the people are the best in the world. You can quote me." Nigol also talked with enthusiasm about a theatre he was in where a portion was set aside with a glass panel through which people at tables who wanted to smoke and eat while watching the film could do so without disturbing the rest of the audience in the theatre. There were loud speakers set up so that they could hear and see the film. The press coverage, he says, was very thorough and he had the opportunity to see much of the city of Sao Paulo and its environs. Nigol is back to the U.S. but he is not going to forget so soon it adventure through Brazilian lands where he and his Chickpeas (a bittersweet drama of transplanted roots) made their mark at the 17th SAo Paulo International Film Festival 93. NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

That's entertainment XVII For 17 years now Sao Paulo has been putting on an international film show that even Hollywood couldn't do better. SAM AND HARRIET ROBBINS From October 21 to November 4, 1993 the Sao Paulo International Film Festival brought to the screen a vast assortment of film representing the international scene. The Sao Paulo state and Sao Paulo city departments of culture increased its participation in the event which they have supported for many years. Their interest in film has been of long standing. With Cinesesc as one of the exhibitors and with the strong relationship between the fest and Sesc (Social Service of the Commerce) with their 23 activities centers spread throughout Sao Paulo and its environs, they have developed programs for the people of Sao Paulo providing them a window into world cinema and the benefits derived from this film experience. In supporting the festival Sesc performs one of the functions it was created for - spread culture - and contributes towards making the festival a significant cultural event. Leon Cakoff, director, and producer Renata de Almeida have steered the course of the festival. Leon Cakoff said, "In 17 years of existence we have encountered problems of the most absurd kind: political censorship, economical censorship and even fights as in the late festival in Rio. We just hadn't experienced the deadly action of economical power, which in the name of marketing immediateness, invades the official and traditional space of the city of sao Paulo. Through all this we have stubbornly maintained our position." Rodolfo Konder, Culture secretary for the city of Sao Paulo, stated, "Since it was created, in 1977, the Sao Paulo International Film Festival has been an important moment of understanding. The gems of film-making talents are gathered by Leon Cakoff in daring combinations to offer the city of sao Paulo one of the most important festivals in the world." In this latest version, the Festival presented films from all over the world, including Iran (Life and Nothing More), Israel (The Woman Next Door), Armenia (Poetry and Exile), South Korea (White Badge), Canada (Thank God 1 Am a Lesbian), Portugal ( The End of the World) and dozens more from movie-powerhouse countries and from those just learning the film language. It included also a special tribute to Ingmar Bergman and Ingrid Bergman. Included in this impressive array of international films was a group of short films from many different countries. Among them The Ode to Sao Paulo, an impressionistic portrait of the city, and other Brazilian shorts such as Sirius, Jo, Opressuo, Canal 100, Tanta Estrela por Ai, Rio de Janeiro, Minas, Ama Criada, Era Uma Vez No Tibet, Dicirio Noturno. The 17th Sao Paulo International Film Festival once again provided a powerful view of world cinema. With passion and purpose it came to a close. Now on to the 18th sao Paulo International Film Festival. Plans are already in the making for that future event. The glittering screen beckons - that will be the place to be in 1994. sao Paulo, Brazil - the window to the world of film. 35

Old new Baianos Take Bahia out of Brazil and the country will drop immediately from first to third world in its musical rank. Three recent releases from a quartet of talents drive this point home once more. ALESSANDRA DALEVI For close to 30 years now these Baianos have been serving the world Brazil with a Baiano flavor. Culturally bountiful Bahia has had such long lasting musical talents as Dorival Caymmi and just-arrived success stories such as Daniela Mercury's, but these four have shown an uncanny capacity to innovate and at the same time, o,please popular as well as sophisticated tastes. Known by one name, Caetano, Gil, Bethdnia and Gal are once again with their recent new releases, leading record sales in Brazil. GAL Gal Costa hasn't been this good in years. Her 0 Sorriso do Gabo de Alice (The Smile of Alice's Cat) brings us songs from Jorge Ben Jor, Djavan, Gilberto Gil and Caetano Veloso with super skilled production by Arto Lindsay. The CD proves once again than less can be more, as in one of the high points of the recording, Erratica (Wandering Woman) by Veloso, in which the accompaniment is done by two first-class guitarists, Paulinho da Viola and Paulo Belinati. 36

In Eu Vou Lhe Avisar(I'm gonna warn you), it's the composer himself, Ben Jor, who plays the guitar. And Gil's Mae da Manha (Morning's Mother) is a music-box surprise with Gal's voice being multiplied in a choir where everybody has her pitch and virtuosity. The only songs we could do without are the two cuts in English, Gratitude and Serene. The surprises are many in this record that talks about music (Mae da ManhĂŁ, Erratica, Rumba da Mangueira), football (Vou Lhe Avisar) and Bahia (Caetano's Bahia Minha Preta Bahia My Black Lady, Gil's Lavagem do Bonfim - Washing the Stair of Bonfim's Church). With a mouth red as a rainsprinkled rose, Gal, born in 1945 in Salvador, presents herself as the cat created by Lewis Carrol and later animated by Walt Disney. The singer, who has occasionally wasted her talent with unbecoming interpretations of songs, has reached a maturity and artistry that makes her, according to many critics, the best Brazilian singer alive. "I like to leave my imprint in every interpretation, not only in the song, but also in the instruments that dialogue with me," she declared recently. It was her idea, for example, that during Djavan's Nuvern Negro (Black Cloud), a Flamenco guitar solo suddenly takes over the song. RETHANIA From all the four Baianos, Bethania was the first one to win acclaim. She was only 18, when she recorded the protest song Carcurti in 1965, becoming an instant hit. Initially, she used to show up on stage barefooted, singing passionately and reciting poetry. Very individual, she didn't participate in the Tropicana movement launched by the other three Baianos. After having been more of a cult figure than a singer with a broad popular appeal, Bethania became a hit at the end of the 70s, selling close to one million copies of her yearly releases with romantic songs, dramatically interpreted. When the public opted for other female voices, she always kept a little crowd of hard-core fans who wouldn't buy more than NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

40,000 records. With As Cancoes que Voce Fez pra Mim (The Songs You Made for Me), she is again at the top. Interestingly enough, in this record Bethania went back to sing Erasmo and Roberto Carlos's romantic ballads that had made her a big popular hit. Polygram was expecting to sell more than half a million copies of the record, which had been purchased by more than 200,000 people in little more than one month after being released. The fact that Fera Ferida (Hurt Beast), one of the cuts, is the title and the theme of Globo's latest novela (soap opera) is also helping a lot. England and the United States were drafted to turn As Calicoes into a classy, sophisticated production. British Graham Preskett conducted the 42-string orchestra while American Jerry Hey - former arranger for Earth, Wind and Fire - was responsible for the brass. Both worked simultaneously without knowing what the other one was doing. Commenting on Bethania's latest venture, Veja magazine's music critic wrote: "When (Bethania) intones, with a raspy voice, the portentous banality Um grande amor nab vai morrer assim/ Por isso de vez em quando voce vai lembrar de mim (A great love is not going to die like that/ That's why once in a while you will/ Remember me) something mysterious happens. The mystery of memory, of lost love, beauty, and strength that only cheap songs, those that define the sensibility of a nation, are able to provide." CAETANO & GIL The title is misleading. After all, Tropicana 2 doesn't follow Tropicana ou Panis et Circensis, the original record, as an Indiana Jones' adventure sequel is the consequence of the movie that came before. It doesn't prevent, however, that this celebration of 25 years of an LP that gave the name to a musical movement, turned out to be one of the best releases of the Brazilian discography last year. Very few people remember now that Veloso was intensely booed in 1967 while interpreting Alegria, Alegria (Joy, Joy), his entry in the TV Record music festival. The music, with a contagious rock rhythm and fragmentary lyrics, enraged those who abhorred foreign influence. It said in part "Eu you / Por que nao, por que nao?/ Ela pensa em casamento / E eu nunca mais fui a escola / Sem lenco, sem documento, eu you / Eu tomo uma Coca-Cola! Eta pensa em casamento." ("I go. / Why not, why not./ She thinks about marriage / And I've never been to school again/ Without a handkerchief, without document, I go! I drink a Coca-Cola / She thinks about marriage.") In Sampa, a love song to Sao Paulo, also included in the original Tropicana, Cae seemed to be answering his critics when he said, "Narciso acha feio / 0 que nao é espelho / E mente apavora / 0 que ainda nao é mesmo velho " ("Narcissus thinks it's ugly / What's not a mirror! And the mind fears / What's still not really old.") Sao Paulo is back in Tropicana 2, only now the subject is much more painful, when the city is cited in Haiti, a rap: "E quando ouvir o silencio sorridente de Sao Paulo / diante da chacina / Ill presos indefesos, mas presos sao quase todos pretos / ou quase pretos, ou quase brancos quase pretos de tao pobres." (And when we listen to the smiling NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

silence of Sao Paulo / facing the massacre / 1 I 1 defenseless inmates, but the inmates are almost all black / or almost black, or almost white almost black, so poor are they." The release of Tropicana 2 had all the mystery of a Woody Allen production. First, nobody had access to the taping of the songs. Then the radio stations in Brazil received Cinema Novo (New Cinema), one of the cuts in a single version, increasing even more the expectation. Finally, the leading song of the pack,Haiti, debuted on G lobo TV'sFantOstico, the noblest and most watched of the prime-time programs. Seven of the songs included in the album had never been released before. They show the extraordinary eclecticism of the Baiano duo. They go from a genuine rock (As Coisas - The Things) and rap (Haiti) to traditional Brazilian rhythms such as samba (Desde que II I o Samba E Samba - Since Samba Is Samba) and bald° (Bak:to Atemporal - Timeless Baido). Cinema Novo is a mixed bowl of bossanova and samba-enredo paying homage to another Baiano, filmmaker Glauber Rocha. The cut Rap Popcreto, a patchwork of musical styles, sounds more like a misfire. One out of 10, that's pretty good. •

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NEWS from BRAZIL-JANUARY 1994 ast41;"14:;

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do Paulo was founded by Padre Jose de Anchieta, on January 25, 1554, with the construction of the Church of Saint Paul of the Piratininga Plateau. In the beginning of the 17th century the church's locale had grown into a village, due to a high traffic of slave-trading colonists. Coming from the coast, the Bandeirallies (Brazilian counterpart to the Old West pioneers) had a last stop at the Vila de Sao Paulo before entering the unknown. In 1711 the town of Sao Paulo was officially born. At that time the city was a vital market for sugar and gold. This commercial trait of the place would continue to develop, turning Sao Paulo into its present standing of most important trade place of South America. But sao Paulo is not only work for its 10 million residents.Paulistanosknow how to enjoy life. Their city is a broad artistic, literary, gastronomic, and entertaining focus of South America. And the vast state of Sao Paulo offers a cornucopia of options to the traveler, be it a business or a pleasure trip. To visit Sao Paulo is like traveling all around the world without leaving town. There you will find the Liberdade District, the largest Japanese community outside Japan; a well-defined Italian community in the districts of Bixiga, Bras and Mooca; the Germans and Americans living mainly in the Brooklin District; the Arab and Jewish communities living, working and doing business side by side; in the Jardins District and downtown. In these neighborhoods Oe' and all around town you will be able to experience the best cuisine representing the whole world. And, naturally, you will also find authentic Brazilian food, in what is the gastronomy center of Latin America. Theater, music, art, literature, museums, and fairs present the same diversity. Culture is serious business here. Sao Paulo is the entry door to universal cultures, a laboratory for new art techniques and innovations, and an inspiration to all kinds of artists. Tropicana, the musical movement at the end of the 60s that would change Brazilian music for ever, started here. It was also here that writers, painters and musicians celebrated in 1922 the Modern Art Week, a movement that would open Brazil to the world culture. On weekends you have more than twenty options to see a play and there are plenty of bars and nightclubs continuously featuring the most diverse rhythms and sounds. Sao Paulo also

TRAVEL

Sao Paulo, my love Many have compared the biggest city in South America to the ugly duckling, unable to please those who can only see its surface. Poets, musicians and Paulistanos de coracao (by heart) all over the world, however, have learned to love this cosmopolitan and multifaceted town. ARIANE DALLA DEA

Ubatuba, by the Atlantic.

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

means night life, jazz, and it is the land ofchorinhos, a rhythm predominant in the Southeastern region of Brazil. Joao Moura Street, in the Pinheiros district, hosts the Clube do Choro, with a relaxing atmosphere and plenty of chope (beer on tap); a perfect place to go after seeing a concert at the Municipal Theater. The Museu de Arte de Sao Paulo (MASP) is Brazil's most prestigious art museum. Located on Avenida Paulista - the cultural and business center of Sao Paulo - the museum holds a permanent collection of 750 pieces, that include works by Renoir, Degas, Van Gogh, and Brazilians Portinari and Di Cavalcanti. The city has 16 museums of history. the most noteworthy being the Museu of Ipiranga, and the Museu Padre Anchieta at the birth site of Sao Paulo, in downtown. And, while in downtown, visit the monumental churches and the Se Cathedral. Also visit the Technology and Science museums; you will find 14 museums dedicated to subjects ranging from anthropology to communications. Now if you want to get away from the city and enjoy the coast, Sao Paulo offers wonderful places for a relaxing weekend. Take the Rodovia dos 'migrantes to Guaruja, Ubatuba, Sao Sebastiao, Ilha Bela, Benioga. or Canandia. These beach towns feature many magnificent buildings from the 16th century, and possess an astonishing natural beauty. Anotlier option is to go to the interior, the country side of Sao Paulo, to the mountain range, where water therapy is a major characteristic. The city of Campos do Jordao (114 miles from the Capital), for example, has a European flavor, featuring a Winter Festival and tea houses. The charming town of Santo

Antonio do Pinhal, nearby, offers a cozy and peaceful place to get away from it, all. Atibaia, Socorro, Serra Negra, Lindoia, Aguas de Prata, Aguas de Sao Pedro, and Santa Barbara are all towns belonging to the water circuit And if you like water, take a cruise in the Tiete and Parana rivers, going from Sao Paulo city to Foz de Iguacu, in the Parana state, and enjoy fishing for 1,000 miles. For a taste of local wine go to Sao Roque, just 40 miles from Sao Paulo. And if you like nature mysteries, visit the Caverna do Diabo (Devil's Cave) in Registro. If you prefer to stay in Sao Paulo, an excellent option for a day trip is to visit Embu, the city of arts. This historic little town is only 17 miles from downtown Sao Paulo, and it offers local arts and crafts, antiques, and excellent restaurants. Other choices for day trips are a visit to the Horto Florestal and Zoo. Botanic Garden, Parque da Aclimacao, Butanta Insti tute (our Institute Pasteur) at the University City, Parque da Luz, in downtown, and the Sundays Arts and Crafts Fair of Praca da RepUblica.

NEWS from BRAZIL -JANUARY 1994

Sao Paulo, with its cycles, has been interpreted in many different ways, in many different mediums, and nobody has defined this city better than the singer Caetano Veloso in his song Sampa in which he characterizes Sao Paulo's growth and power by saying: "E quem vem de outro sonho feliz de cidade / Aprende depressa a chamar-te de realidade." ("And he who comes from another happy dream of city! He fast learns to call you reality.")

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NON-FICTION

Alen? do Vida - Author: )6co Xavier

American films just released:

and Divaldo Franco (psychographed text): director: Augusto Cesar Van. nucci, with Felipe Carone, Lea BulcaO, and others. Como En cher urn Biquini Selvagem The premiere was on 62 but this play written and directed by Miguel Falabella in its last revival continues to pack houses in Rio. Claudia Jimenez plays several characters adopting different accents in this monologue about life and psychotherapy. Entre Amigas - Author: Maria Duda, director: Cecil Third, with Regina Restelli and Nani Venancio Escola dos Amantes - Moliere play directed by Victor Villar. 0 Futuro Dura Muito Tempo - Based on the book by French philosopher Louis Althusser. Directed by MArcio Vi a na . 0 Livro de Jo - Bible's story adapted by Clara Goes with Leon G6es and Floriano Peixoto. A Obscena Sra. D - From Hilda Hi1st, directed by Eid Ribeiro, with Vera Fajardo, Rubens de Araajo, Ana Prado and others. Ouerido Mundo- Created and directed by Miguel Falabela. With Joanna Fomm and Otavio Augusto. Troia - An adaptation of Eurypides' The Trojans. Directed and adapted by Eduardo Wotzik. Vereda da Salvacdo - Very free adaptation ofJorge Andrade's classical play about a group of peasants. Directed by controversial Antunes Filho.

1. Ximbiod Addams Family Values (A Familia Pedro Correa Cabral Addams 2), Nemesis (0 Exterminador 2. A Sombra das Chuteiras Imorde Andraides), Fixing the Shadow (A tais - Nelson Rodrigues Sombra de um Disfarce), Arizona 3. Canibais Estdo no Sala Dream (Arizona Dream), Look who's ) Arnaldo Jabor talking now (0/ha quern esta falando 4. Comando Vermelho agora), Sniper (0 Atirador), Untamed Carlos Amorim Heart (Coracdo Indomavel), The Sea 5. Vitoria Wolf (Lobo do Mar), Homeward C. Santos and N. Radames 6. Paratii: entre dois polos Bound: the. Incredible Journey (A Amyr Klink Mcrivel Jornada), The Sea Wolf (Lobo 7. Na Sala com Danuza do Mar), Traces of Red (Marcos de Danuza LeaÂ° Baton), Inside Monkey Zetterland 8. Confissoes de Adolescente (Nem Freud Explica), The ,Crush 'Maria Mariana (Paixoes sem Limite). 9. 0 Cidaddo de Pape! Le Amiche del Cuore (Amigas . do. Gilberto Dimenstein Peito)- Italy - Friendship among three 10. Personas Sexuais

girlfriends who live on a Rome neighborhood. Directed by Michele Placido. L 'odeur de la Papaye Verte (0 Cheiro do Papaia Verde) - France - By Tran

Camille Paglia FICTION 1. Unia Fortuna Perigosa

Anh Hung. Well-to-do Vietnamese family is shown through the life of Mni, a little girl. Olivier, Olivier Olivier) -

Ken Follet 2. A Firma John Grisham

France. Directed by Agnieska Holland. The drama. of a middle-class family living in a little town in France. Un Coeur en Hiver (Um Coracdo no Inverno) - France - By Claude Sautet.

4. Agosto

The friendship between Maxime and Stephanie is strained when a young pianist enters their life. The Silence Touch (0 Toque do Silencio) - England/Poland - Life of famous composer silent for 40 years changes when an admirer arrives to visit him.

3. Xamd

Noah Gordon Rubem Fonseca 5. A Coroa de Orquideas

Nelson Rodrigues 6. 0 An/ante do Vulcdo Susan Sontag 7. In Nomine Dei

Jose Saramango 8. Dossie Pelicano

John Grisham 9. Doze Contos Peregrinos

Gabriel Garcia Marquez 10. Sol Nascente

Michael Crichton NEWS from BRAZIL-JANUARY 1994

BRAZILIAN REFUGEES

Ciro BateIli, one of the most powerful Brazilians in the United States, has even more clout since December when he was promoted inside Caesars World Corporation, the company which owns Las Vegas's Caesars Palace and other casinos in the United States. BateIli, as the new senior executive vice-president for Latin American Operations will be reporting directly to the president and CEO of Caesars, J. Terrence Lanni. The Brazilian's promotion came just on time for the worldwide attention-getter extravaganza prepared at Caesars Palace for the drawing that decided where the national soccer teams will play the World Cup's games.

BRAZILIAN BEAUTY In its second year, Miss Brazil USA 93 played once again the role of integrating Brazilian communities throughout the U.S.. This time around there were 36 girls from 14 American states and the winner, Daniele Dias from Key West, Florida, will represent Brazil in the International Beauty Contest USA. The party that selected the new Miss Brazil last December, in Miami, took place at the Scala Miami, located at the Four Ambassadors Hotel, with the participation, of former miss Brazil Martha Vasconcellos, as special guest. NEWS from BRAZIL JANUARY 1994

It's estimated that in the New York Metropolitan area alone there are around 100,000 Brazilians. With a population bigger than that of a modest town, these Brazilian expatriates have their own newspapers, restaurants, shops and their way to,keep in touch with those they left back in Brazil. This faceless and voiceless, crowd is getting finally a chance to talk through Maxine L. Margolis, a professor of Anthropology at the University of Florida in Gainesville. She has written Little Brazil - An Ethnography of Brazilian Immigrants in New York City(Princeton University Press). The book reveals that contrary to American stereotypes of South American immigrants, the New-Yorker-Brazilians are generally middle-class people, many times with a college degree. Little Brazil takes us inside the lives of these exiles starting a new life as shoe-shiners, taxi-drivers, and waiters, after leaving an economically chaotic Brazil.

rAft 440 g* Teetly„from various . Eraziliàn . . lederril . (rep telzSenciaruilciulis a Obn$ , on econo e?c,liave' just releakelifibi a ' o ar; 4 -"P lanos e Metas do Dolar Americano, a brochure explaining the changes being made in the greenback. The booklet tells about the microprinting and the introduction of a polyester thread inside the note to discourage forgery. It also teaches how to detect falsified currency. The manual that initially has been published only in Portuguese, should have soon its Spanish and English versions soon. Inteligenciartificial promises that new publications will be released very soon.

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213 255-8062 NEWS from BRAZIL -JANUARY 1994

EVERY

FRIDAY

SUNDAY

SATURDAY

7:00 pm - 10 pm - Jesse Pessoa, Brazilian harpist at La Petit Maison 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm-12:00 am - Banda "R". at Ipanema Grill ... 8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian Band and Dance Show at Copacabana 8:30 pm &11:30 pm.-„4 Samba, Lambada, CaPoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 2:00 am - Ragode at Brazilian Delight 10:30 pm - Rio Ecstasy! at Scala

1:30 pm - 5:30 pm - Live Brazilian Music at Marina Stage on Bayside 7:00 pm - 10:00 pm -Jesse Pessoa, Brazilian harpist at La Petit Maison 7:30 pm - 12:00 artilBanda "R" at Ipanema 8:00 pm - 1:00 arri:•.Brazilian Band & Dance Show at bana C0p 9 :001fiiiig Samba Brazil Dance Show at Ipanema Grill 8:30 pm -Samba, Lambada, Capoeira. Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 1:00 am -Pagoda at Miami Beach Pizza

7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm - 12:00 am -Banda "R" and Samba Brazil Dance Show at Ipanema Bar and Grill 8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian Dance Show at Copacabana 8:30 pm &11:30 pm Samba, Lambada, Capoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 1:00 am -Pagode at Miami Beach Pizza 10:30 pm - Rio Ecstasy! at Scala

qrkli

TV & RADIO

BTN (Brazilian TV Network) - Daily news from Brazil, talk shows and sports - 11:00 pm - 1.00 am, DCI ch 40, S. South ch. 51, Adelphia ch. 52, Gold Coast ch. 99 Luqui Corporation -Jornal Bandeirantes, interviews, sports, Brazilian musical clips -11:00 pm -1 00 am, Dynamic ch. 20,S. South ch. 41, Gold Coast ch 44, DCI ch 45 Brazilian Love Jazz - Every Sunday, 5:00 pm - 7.00 pm with Gina Martelli - 93.4 - Love 94

EVERY TUESDAY

EVERY MONDAY 9:30 pm -1:30 am - Erica Norimar & Brazilian Explosion at Mango's

SITES & PHONES Brazilian Delight - 154 SE 1st Ave. - 1)owntoccii Miami (305) 374-0032 Brazilian Tropicana Restaurant -410N Federal fiwy - Pompano Beach- (305) 781-1113 Copacahana - 3430 E Atlantic Ill.- Pompano Beach (105) 941-2751 Hotel Vila - 5959 SW 71st St Miami Ipanema Grill - 1771 Coral Way - Coral Gables - (105) 285-4777

illin24 1 :21411320a 'Z909-99Z C a 1123Jo 09006 V3 V 19£M, x08 'O'dO Hew V.8n-L9Z (C I )04 olo! JelDo212 J110A xe

calendar - january 94 - miami

7:00 pm-10:00 pm-Jesse Pessoa,the Brazilian harpist at La Petit Maison 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - MUSH cal Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm - 12:00 am Banda "R"at Ipanema Grill 9:30 pm - 1:30 am - Erica Norimar & Brazilian Explosion at Mango's La Petit Maison - 366 E. Paletto Pk Rd- Boca Raton (407) 75(3-7483 Lombardi's Restaurant - 13asidc Marketplace - 1)0WIlitM 11 Miami - (305)381-9580 Mango's Tropical Cafe - 900 Ocean Dr. - Miami Beach (305) 673-4422 Miami Beach Pizza - 6954 Collins Aye. - Miami Beach (305) 866-8661 Scala ikliami - 905 S Bayshore Dr - Miami - (305) 371-5604

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

EVERY THURSDAY EVERY WEDNESDAY 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm - 12:00 am Banda "R"at Ipanema Grill

7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm - 12:00 am Banda' "R" at Ipanema Grill 8:00 pm 1:00 am - Brazilian Band and Dance Show at Copacabana 830 pm - Samba, Lambada, Capoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 8:30 pm - Rio Ecstasy! at Scala

NEWS'BRAZIL MIAMI FOR ADS& THE REST, CALL: IN

Ionia Mahon (305) 566-7467

Cezar Sant'Ana (305) 532-4145 45

11.1.41IRTTUTTNTTWW11

calendar - january 94 - los angeles SATURDAY 1 11:30 am - 1:30 pm - Group Class in Brazilian Percussion by Meia Noite. 8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelagao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Fogo & Pa ixao's Brazilian New Year's Party withKatia Moraes. Call (213) 467-6944.

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WEDNESDAY 5 8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrument!) at Zabumba

THURSDAY 6 8:00 pm - 11:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Constellation Band at Tampico

M:grIZITIZerlrITTTATI

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. ••

FRIDAY 7 5:30 pm - 9:30 pm - Brazilian Jazz at Grand Avenue Bar 8:30 pm - 1:00- Katia & The Rio Thing at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Pagode with Banda Constelacao & Mila at Café Da nssa

SATURDAY 8 11:30 am - 1:30 pm - Group Class in Brazilian Percussion by Meia Noite 8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelacao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Eliana Estevao featuring Justo Almario at La Ve Lee 9:00 pm - Rique Pantoja at Le Café

9:00 -Pagode with Banda Constelacao & MILA at Café Danssa 9:00 pm - Dori Caymmi at Le Café

RADIO & TV Sounds of Brazil - Every Thursday, 9:30 am - 11 am, KPFK, 90.7 FM with Sergio Mielniczenko Brazilian Hour -Every Saturday and Sunday, 9:00am-10am, KXLU, 86.9 FM with Sergio Mielniczenko Brazilian Scenes -Every Wednesday, 7:30 pm - Channels 3, 37, 52, 61 - Public Access Views of Brazil - Fridays 12 Noon - Century Cable Ch. 3 Sundays 1 pm - Continental Cable Ch. 37 / Mondays 9 pm Continental Cable Ch. 37 / Thursdays 6 pm - United Artists Cable Ch. 25 / Sundays 10 pm - CVI Cable Ch. 27 at Tampico

SATURDAY 22 11:30 am - 1:30 pm - Group Class in Brazilian Percussion by Meia Noite. 8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelagao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Eliana Estevao featuring Justo Almario at La Ve Lee 9:00 pm - Dori Caymmi at Le Cafe

Venice, (310) 452-2222

FRIDAY 14

SUNDAY 16

5:30 pm - 9:30 pm - Brazilian Jazz at Grand Avenue Bar 8:30 pm - 1:00- Katia & The Rio Thing at Zabumba 9:00 -Pagode with Banda Constelageo& MILAat Cafe Danssa 9:00 pm - Laurindo Almeida, legendary composer and guitarist in a very rare appearance at Le Café

7:00 pm - Condom Carnaval Project '94 featuring Live AfroBrazilian Music at Fais Do Do Call (310)822-3448

SATURDAY 15 11:30 am - 1:30 pm - Group Class in Brazilian Percussion by Meia Noite. 8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelagao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Laurindo Almeida, legendary composer and guitarist in a very rare appearance at Le Café 9:30 pm - 1:30 am - Katia Moraes & The Rio Thing at St Marks - 23 Windward Ave.,

MONDAY 24 8:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Baked Potato

WEDNESDAY 19

WEDNESDAY 26

8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrument') at Zabumba

8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrument!) at Zabumba 9:00 pm - 1:00 am - Feijoada Completa Orchestra featuring Katia Moraes at St. Marks - 23 Windward Ave., Venice, (310) 452-2222

THURSDAY 20 8:00 pm - 11:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Constellation Band at Tampico

FRIDAY 21 5:30 pm - 9:30 pm - Brazilian Jazz at Grand Avenue Bar 8:30 pm - 1:00- Katia & The Rio Thing at Zabumba

THURSDAY 27 8:00 pm - 11:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Constellation Band at Tampico

FRIDAY 28 8:30 pm - 1:00- Katia & The Rio Thing at Zabumba

os'

SATURDAY 29 11:30 am - 1:30 pm - Group Class in Brazilian Percussion by Meia Noite. 8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelagao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba

WEDNESDAY 12 8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrument!) at Zabumba

THURSDAY 13 8:00 pm - 11:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Constellation Band

Eliana Eslevao at La Ve Lee

Alice's - 1043 Westwood Blvd. Westwood - (310) 208-3171 Amazon - 14649 Ventura Bl. Sh. Oaks - (818) 986-7502 Atlas- 3760 Wilshire Blvd.- Los Angeles - (213) 380-8400 Baked Potato - 3787 Calmenga N. Hollywood - (818) 980-1615 Brazilian Music Center - 6226 Sta Monica Bl. (213) 467-5715 Cafe Danssa -11533W. Pico Bl. West L.A.- (310) 305-8387

Catalina Bar & Grill - 1640 N. Cahuenga Bl. (213) 466-2210 Coffee Emporium -4325 Glencon -Marina-(310) 823-4446 Eais-Do-Do - 5257 W. Adams L.A. - (213) 932-9034 Grand Ave. Bar -Biltmore -506 S. Grand Av(213) 612-1595 Kafe Kafka - 6069W. Sunset B1 -Hollywood - (213) 464-3938 La Ve Lee- 12514 Ventura Bl. Studio City - (8i8) 980-8158

Le Café - 14633 Ventura Bl. Sh. Oaks - (818) 986-2662 Lunaria - 10351 Santa Monica Bl.. - W. L.A. - : (213) 282-8870 Moonlight Tango.- 13730 Ventura - S.0.-(818) 7138-2000 Nucleus Nuance - 7267 Melrose Ave. -(213) 939-8666 Pedro's Grill -1739 N. Vermont. L.A. -,(213) 660-9472 Stein on Vine - 848 N. Vine St. Hollywood - (213) 465-4762

filly's- Wilshire at 11th St. Santa Monica - (310) 451-1769 Truly Yours -18588 Ventura B1 - Tarzana (818) 996-3131 Venice Bistro - 323 Ocean Ft Walk. Venice. (213) 392-3997 Vine Street - 1610 Vine St. Hollywood - (213) 463-4375 Waterfront Café -205 Ocean F. Walk.Venice-(310) 392-0322 Zabumba -10717 Venice Blvd Culver City - (310) 841-6525

NEWS from BRAZIL -JANUARY 1994

SATURDAY 1 7:00 pm - Jonathan Stone at Aioli 9:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Alberto's 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, viola() e amigosat Bahia Restaurant 9:00 pm -Viva BrasilwithGinga Brasil at Bahia Tropical 9:00 pm - Lisa & Friends with Aquarela Dance Group at Ashkenaz -1317 San Pablo Ave., Berkeley -Tel.: (510) 525-5054

WEDNESDAY 5

WEDNESDAY 26

THURSDAY 6

6:00 pm - Doug Gittins, playing Bossa Nova at Chambord

6:00 pm-Ray Scottat Chambord 8:00 pm - Doug Gittins playing Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Violao & Amigos at Nino's

THURSDAY 27 6:00 pm -Ray Scottat Chambord 7:00 pm - Ricardo Peixoto at Atoll 8:00 pm - Doug Gittins playing Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Viola° & Amigos at Nino's

SUNDAY 9 6:00 pm - FBC/Bay Area Brazilian Club presents Christmas Party at Café do Brasil. Reservations: (415) 334-0106

WEDNESDAY 12 6:00 pm -Doug Gittins, playing Bossa Nova at Chambord

SITES & PHONES Alberto's - 736 W. Dana St.,

Mtn View, (415) 968-3007 Aioli - 469 Bush Street San Francisco- (415)2490900 Bahia - 41 Franklin St. - S. Francisco (415) 626-3306 Bahia Tropical - 1600 Market St. - San Francisco (415) 861-8657 Brazil Cult. & Arts - 659 S. 22nd St. - (510) 215-8202

Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Viola() & Amigos at Nino's

FRIDAY 14 6:00 pm -Carlinhos de Oliveira at Chambord 7:00 pm -Lisa SilvawithMarcos Silva at Aioli 8:00 pm - Lisa Torres at Bahia Restaurant

SATURDAY 15 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, violao e amigosat Bahia Restaurant 9:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Alberto's 9:00 pm - Lisa & Friends with Aquarela Show at Bahia Tropical

Cafe do Brasil . - 104 7th St S. Francisco(415) 626-6434 Cafe Mardi Gras - 50 Brady St. - San Francisco (415) 864-6788 Chambord - 152 Kearney St. S. Francisco (415) 434-3688 Nino's - 1916 Martin L. King Jr., Berkeley (51(1) 845-9303 The Ramp -855 China Basin San Francisco (415) 621-2378 Yosh i's -6030 Claremont A ve. Oakland (51(1) 652-920(1

NEWS from BRAZIL -JANUARY 1994

WEDNESDAY 19 6:00 pm - Doug Gittins, playing Bossa Nova at Chambord

THURSDAY 20 6:00 pm -Ray Scottat Chambord 7:00 pm - Ricardo Peixoto at Aioli 8:00 pm - Doug Gittins playing Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Violao & Amigos at Nino's 9:00 pm -Pandemonium Band

plays Axe at Bahia Tropical

FRIDAY 28 6:00 pm -Carlinhos de Oliveira at Chambord 7:00 pm -Lisa SilvawithMarcos Silva at Aioli 8:00 pm - Lisa Torres at Bahia Restaurant

SATURDAY 29 7:00 pm - Jonathan Stone at Aioli 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, violao e amigos at Bahia Restaurant 9:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Alberto's 9:00 pm - Brazilian All Star Band with Dance Show Case at Bahia Tropical

NEWS"BRAZIL IN SAN FRANCISCO

FOR

SUNDAY 16 9:00 pm - Systems Collapse & Brazilian rockat Bahia Tropical

THURSDAY 13 6:00 pm - Ray Scott at Chambord 8:00 pm - Doug Gittins playing

ADS& THE REST, CALL: Felipe Magalhaes (305) 566-7467 47

11;11114rIt= I !1;r4

FRIDAY 7 6:00 pm -Carlinhos de Oliveira at Chambord 8:00 pm - Lisa Torres at Bahia Restaurant

9:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Alberto's 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, violao e amigos at Bahia Restaurant 9:00 pm -Viva Brasilwith Dance Show Case at Bahia Tropical 10:00 pm -Rio Show Bandpresenting Samba & Pagode at Nino's

SATURDAY 22 7:00 pm - Jonathan Stone at Aioli's 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, violao e amigos at Bahia Restaurant 9:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Alberto's 9:00 pm - Viva Brazil with Samba, Swing & Suor at Bahia Tropical

6:00 pm - Doug Gittins, playing Bossa Nova at Chambord

SATURDAY 8

FRIDAY 21 6:00 pm -Carlinhos de Oliveira at Chambord 7:00 pm -Lisa Silvawith Marcos Silva at Aioli 8:00 pm - Lisa Torres at Bahia Restaurant

taaki2.111aW12Lle/ Iir•

RADIO Canta, Brasil -Every Sunday, 6:00 pm - 8. 00 pm - KKUP, 91.5 FM, with Xuxu, Maria Jos6 and David Heyman Agora Brasil - Every Saturday, 3:00 pm - 4.010 pm, KPFA, 94.0 FM with Elvira Cola and Eric Taller Tropicana Brasiliana - Every Friday, 8:00 - 9:00 pm, KUSF, 90.3 with Raimundo Franco, in English & Portug. Brasileirinho - Every Wednesday, 9:30 pm, KZSC, 88.1 FM with Renato Frota

calendar - january 94 - s. francisco

Los Angeles Area Airlines 'Van* (800)G0 VARIG Vasp (310)364-0160 Arts & Crafts Bakari Art Studio (213)938-0523 Folk Creations (310)693-2844 New Wing Arts & Gifts (818)247-4790 Uniquely Brazil - Folk (818)458-1474 Rio to Babylon (213)653-4948 Automobile Hello Lima - Ford (213)663-9999 Banks Banco do Brasil (213)688-2996 Caterin Joy's Catering (310)438-3415 Remi Vila Real (818)280-0061 Clothes Lincoln Sports Apparel (310)396-3359 Samba (310)983-9190 Clubs & Associations Clube Bras. da Calif. (714)857-6764 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (213)651-2664 Dentists Gilberto Henriques (213)464-0524 Jose Carlos D. Polido (714)642-0112 Events Promotion Brazilian Niles Prod. (818)760-4600 Pegasus Kids Parties (818)551-1982 Taquinho Promotions (310)281-6950 The Rio Thing (818 753-4932 Food & Bevera es Mr. Pa nc ho Market (818)787-8737 Hair Gigi's (310)273-0851 Health Homeopathy - Gobetti (310 458-8020 riwtrrgmii Brasil Brasil Cult. Ctr (310)840-2794 Brazilian Music Ctr. (213)467-5715 Chess w/ Master Frank (310)841-2025 Dance Classes - Rita (310)842-9647 Modern Lang. Center (310)839-8427 Vivian - Portuguese (213)474-3020

Insurance State Farm - Gloria (310)827-9003 Legal Aron Hasson (310)475-4779 Bossa Nova - Georgia (818)891-0912 Piano/Flute - Vera (310)559-7347 Jazz -Richard Samuels

(818 798-5424 Fogo e Pai xi° (213)467-6944 Mone Remittance Vigo-California (619)479-VIGO Ps c hotherapy Elizabeth Almeida (310)281-7536 Publications News from Brazil (213)255-4953 Brazilian Courier (213)255-8062 Restaurants Bossa Nova (310)657-5070 Brazilian Tropical (714)720-1522 By Brazil (310)787-7520 Café Brasil (310)837-8957 Dee Dee Diner (310)478-1650 Lulu's Alibi (310)479-6007 Pan Handler (714)970-5826 Yolie's Brazilian Steak (714)251-0722 Zabumba (310)841-6525 Translation/Inter .. Brazilian Int. Affairs (310)854-5881 Latitude Tr. & Interpr. (310)477-0210 Tocantins Communic. (818)343-4451 Verdiblue Tr. & Interp. (213)255-8062 Travel A • encies Around the World Trs (619)722-4444 Avila Tours& Travel (909)695-0630 a /. Brazil Tours (818)767-1200 Braz.-American Travel (310)670-9347 Cheviot Hills Travel (310)202-6264 Dynasty Tours (818)845-5757 Iponema Tours (800)445-3343 South Star Tours (310)416-1001 Southwinds (310)568-8426 Vaneyde's - San Diego (619)233-6514 Yes Brazil (310)670-0734 Video Zuruk Video (310)450-0906

Miami Area Accountants pf&co - cpas (305)444-8333 Transbrasll (800)872-3153 Yang (800)468-2744 Vasp (800)732-8277 Banks Banco do Brasil (305)358-3586 Banco Banorte (305)577-0472 Banco Boavista (305)530-9057 Banco Nacional (305) 372.0100 Banco Real (305)358-2433 Banespa (305)358-9167 Clothes & Shoes Rio Connection (305)358-4543 Clubs & A ssociations ABFC - As. Bras. do Flan (407)354-5200 Cam. Corn. Brasil- EUA (305)579-9030 PARA - Paraenses As. (813)842-3161 Consulate Consulado do Brasil (305)285-6200 Dentists Arnaldo Souza (305)595-3238 Hidimo de SI (305)262-8212 Export & Import L&V Trade Corp. (305)374-0757 Food & Beverages All Braz. Inip. & Exp. (305)523-8134 Via Brasil (305)866-7718 Vigo Travel (305)942-8446 Instruction Anglo Am. Schools (800)683-ANGLO Sylvio's Drivg School (305) 865-7770 Insurance MONYMiami (305)477-6669 Physicians Dr. Jorge Macedo (305)271-7311 Dr. Mario Sanchez (305)541-7819 Dr. Neri Franzon (305)772-4694 Printin. Image Printing Center (305)539-1438 Publications Brazilian Courier (305)377-1223 Florida Review (305)374-5235 News from Brazil 305 537-3166 Integral Investments

(305)358-3655 Restaurants Brazilian Tropicana (305)781-1113 Brazilian Delight (305)374-0032 Brazilian Pie (305)866-1001 Cheese Bread House (305)443-5358 Gula Gula (305)532-3636 1.1111=1/1.111 Code I (305)375-0396 U.S. Arms Corp (305)371-6844 Travel Agencies Atlantictur (800)535-0942 Brazilian Wave (305)561-3788 BIBTours (800)BRASIL-4 Discover Brazil Tours (800)524-3666 Euroamerica (305)358-3003 International Tours (800)822-1318 Luma Travel (305)374-8635 Monark Travel (305)374-5855 New Port Tours (305)372-5007 Venture Travel (305)379-7678 Via Brasil Travel (305)866-7580

New York New Jersey Advertism. Luaus Mktg. & Adv. (212)391-2424 Clubs & Associations Brazilian Ch. of Corn. (212)575-9030 Brazilian Corn. Bureau (212)916-3200 Brazilian Trade Bur. (212)224-6280 Consulate Brazilian Gen. Cons. (212)916-3200 Food & Products Amaz6nia (718)204-1521 Coisa Nossa (201)578-2675 Merchant Express (201)589-5884 Publications Brazilian Voice (201)955-1137 Folha do Brasil (212)869-7022 News from Brazil (212)391-2424 Portugal-Brasil News (212)228-2958 The Brasilians (212)382-1630 Restaurants Brasilia (212)869-9200 Brazil 2000 (212)877-7730

Brazilian Pavillion (212)758-8129 Cabana Carioca (212)581-8088 Indigo Blues (212)221-0033 I S.O.B. 212 243-4940 Travel Agencies Barb Tour Service (201)313-0996 Basbrasil (800)422-2200 Cooperativa Brasil (212)391-2424 International Sandfly (718)699-2900 Latin Amer. Travel Ctr (800)528-4681 Mystical Destinations (718)956-1630 Nascente T ravel (718)545-0608 Odyssea Travel Service (212)826-3019 Santos Dumont Int. (212)764-5680

San Francisco Bay Area Airlines yang (415)986-5737 Vasp (800)732-VASP Auto Re 'air Nelson Auto Repair (415)673-6868 FMC Autobody Col. (510)687-1900 Banks Banco do Brasil (415)398-4814 Beaut Salon Bibbo (415)421-BIBO Catenn. Canto do Brasil (415)626-8727 Clubs Brazilian-American Social Organization (415)661-2788 The Bay Area Brazilian Club (415)334-0106 Corn • uter Micronet (415)665-1994 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (415)981-8170 Costume Desi.ner Alex Saporetti (415)863-3651 Dental Care Roberto Sales, D DS (510)451-8315 Electronics Mobile Auto Radio (510)798-0711 Events Promotion Celia Malheiros (415)664-5481 Felicidade Magia Prom. (415)648-5966

Marcos Santos/Climat (415)585-8312 Voz do Brazil (415)586-2276 Food Emp6rio Brasileiro (415)742-9922 Instruction Brazil Culture & Arts (510)428-0698 Portuguese -A. Frame (510)339-9289 Portuguese Lang. Serv. (415)587-4990 Music & Dance Aquarela (510)548-1310 Ginga Brasil (510)428-0698 Musical Instruments Do Brazil - Imports (415)252-8865 Printin • NI. C. Printing (510)268-8967 Publications News from Brazil (415)742-9922 Restaurants Bahia Brazilian Rest. (415)626-3306 Cafe do Brasil (415)626-6432 Café Mardi Gras (415)864-6788 Chambord (415)434-3688 De Paula's Rest. e Pizza (415)346-9928 Eunice's Braz. Cuisine (415)821-4600 Golden City Pizza (415)864-1411 Little Rio (415)441-3344 Michelangelo Café (415)986-4058 Mozzarela di Bu fa la Pizzeria (415)346-9888 Nino's (510)845-9303 Papa's (415)292-7272 Translation Portuguese Lang. Services (415)587-4990 Travel A • encies I Stop Travel (510)482-2500 Editours (415)788-3388 Fiesta Travel (415)986-1134 Travel Americas (415)434-0404 Rio Roma (415)921-3353 Santini Tours (510)843-2363 Savoir Travel (408)246-3617 Sugar Loaf 015)863-1212 Top of the Hill 015)756-1400 Travel Americas (415)434-0404 Winship Travel (415)863-2717

NEWS from BRAZIL - JANUARY 1994

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1994 IMMIGRANT "GREEN CARD" LOTTERY The United States will be giving out 55,000 Immigrant Visas ("Green Cards") for 1994 in a random drawing in the coming months. People born in Brazil are eligible. The primary requirement is that a person have at least a high school diploma. For free information regarding this program call or write:

The Law Offices of Aron Hasson 10850 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 750 Los Angeles, California 90024 Telephone (310)475-4779 NEWS from BRAZIL -JANUARY 1994

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No. Vine St., Suite 407, Hollywood, CA 90028

MUSIC: GILBE

WHY News from Brazil? It pays! Created in April o and all those - B economy, culture, whYs, the.

sfrom Brazil has been a res. - • national la* who feel a kinship with beyond the reporting.

een Brazil itics

reads

Since News fi. . t.1 80i''in English, we are than 70% of our subscribers are Americans or /nail News from Brazil readers tend to be people with above the average.

WHAT does News fit The latest presidential act and the World B what Brazilians are reading, watching and and contemporary chronicle in Portuguese, San Francisco and Miami, and That's Bral businesses, clubs and organizations in Florid

WHERE h All over. More than 200 libraries across y Miami - receive News front Brazil. The shared Brazil is distributed for free in jazz-clubs, restaurants, example), bookstores, and is sold in news stands. News from usinesses places, starting with the BraziliartEmbassyandev % of News from Brazil circulation is in Los Angeles, 10 ther 30% going to Greater Miami. The ew York area r s as San Diego, Allston

talk about? t also the latest Caetano album, s from Brazil has always a tasty endar of events for Los Angeles, ways updated list of Brazilian d New York - New Jersey. .

azir? Los Angeles, San Francisco and y dozens of people. News from rd shops (Tower Records, for razil is naturally in all Brazilian •Bra Alian Consulate in the 'U.S.. in the San Francisco area, with •ives 10%, with the rest going to

HO ew. I , in Brazil has ads for all the bud s. is onl kcal you don t pay natio Inc ro.ecu from rtaivzeu1PYn ae ealrYsYYko:ueur f _rpcm a lo.de iipdn°ani tini esie has sYu°i a mortt tit keep receiving its divi e , • Man tha referenc oin Varig, United Airlines, AT&T,Korean Air ens of other co have bee ing News from Brazil to send their message

(213 55-8062 / (213) 255495

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Speak Portuguese like a Diplomat!

Bulk Rate US Postage PAID Pasadena. CA Pennit 489

Rodney 2039. N. Ave '5%. Los Andeles CA, 9004i

What sort of people need to learn a foreign language as quickly and effectively as possible? Foreign Service personnel, that's who. Members of the United States diplomatic corps are assigned to embassies abroad, where they must be able to converse fluently in every situation. Now you can learn to speak Brazilian Portuguese just as these diplomatic personnel do — with the Foreign Service Institute's Programmatic Portuguese Course. Tens of ti)oLisands of dollars were spent by the United States gover'nffent in developing this course. It's by far the most effective way to learn Portuguese at your own convenience and at your own pace. The Programmatic Portuguese Course consists of a series of tape cassettes and an accompanying textbook. You simply follow the spoken and written instructions, listening and repeating. By the end of the course, you'll find yourself learning and speaking entirely in Portuguese! This course turns your cassette player into a "teaching machine." With its unique "programmatic" learning method, you set your own pace — testing yourself, correcting errors, reinforcing accurate responses. This Programmatic Course comes in two volumes, each shipped in a handsome library binder. Order either or save 10% by ordering both: El Basic Portuguese Vol. 1. 16 cassettes (19 hr.), 783-p. text, $195. El Intermediate Portuguese Vol. 2. 18 cassettes (16 hr.), 618-p. text, $245. (CT residents add sales tax.)

BUDIO.FORUM8 THE LANGUAGE SOURCE

1972-1993 • Our 21st year. Suite P501, 96 Broad St., Guilford, CT 06437 (203) 453-9794 • Fax (203) 453-9774

The Foreign Service Institute's Portuguese course is unconditionally guaranteed. Try it for three weeks. If you're not convinced it's the fastest, easiest, most painless way to learn Portuguese, return it and we'll refund every penny you paid. Order today! 230 courses in 79 other languages also available. Write us for free catalog. Our 21st year. ORDER BY PHONE, CALL 1-800-243-1234. Or fill out coupon below and send to:

BUDICIIFORLIM Suite P501, 96 Broad Street, Guilford, CT 06437 YES! I want to speak Portuguese like a diplomat. Rush me the course volumes I've checked below. DVol. I: Basic El Vol. II: Intermediate (CT residents add sales tax.) I understand that if I'm not completely satisfied, I may return the course materials within three weeks and receive a full refund. Name Apt. #

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E Enclosed is my check or money order, for $ LII Charge to my credit card: LI VISA LI MasterCard LI AmEx 0 Diners Club 0 Carte Blanche 0 Discover Card Card # Signature

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