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Only five years after being turned into the law of the country, our Constitution is getting an overhauling. Not an easy task. Consider that the United States has kept its original Constitution intact for more than two centuries with just some few addenda. Composing the difficulty is the fact that the congressmen responsible for revising the law are having to deal with a bad case of
7 Cover
lawlessness among themselves, The revision is generating such passion that the opening session to discuss it saw some scenes of hysteria and even some fist blows in Congress. In our cover story, Carlos Ravelo explains what are the main subjects to be covered by the rewriting and the reason behind all this commotion. One important topic is how to distribute in a more rational way the monies among all the different levels: federal, state and local. Another one is how to establish a system of social security that's realistic and fair. The eyes of the United States and the rest
CONTENTS
of the world will be watching with special interest the question of foreign capital. Today, "effective control" of a joint-venture between Brazilians and foreigners stays in the hands ofpeople who live in Brazil. The country has absolute control over petroleum and communications and passions should flare up when the question of ending monopolies is discussed. The Constitution, however, is only our entrĂŠe. You'll see that our menu is varied as ever with a little of something to satisfy - we hope - all appetites. R.M.
21 Candomble explained
23
Overhauling the Constitution
Orson Welles's Brazil
13
24
Lygia Fagundes Telles's short story
Our cinema shines in China
27
15 Brasilia's mud sea
Cover by Carla Guimardes
Back to Jorge Amado
16
DEPARTMENTS
28
P. C. surrenders to Globo TV
6 Rapidinhas 12 Letters 34 The Cultural Pulse 35 Por ai 37 Miami Calendar 38 Los Angeles Calendar 39 San Francisco Calendar 40 That's Brazilian
17 Exporting know-how
18 Indian population grows
19 Soccer: we are ready
11EWS1PAZIL
Flora, always inventing
30 Hispanic Simone
31 Dusek: sweet iconoclast
32 Parana: + than Iguacu
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Founder: Gilberto Ferreira /Publisher and Editor: Rodney Mello /Associate Editor: Carlos Ravelo /Reporter: Francine Alexander/Book Review: Bondo Wyszpolski / Contributor: Harriet Robbins / Representatives: MIAMI : Phydias Barbosa (305) 377-1223 - Correspondent: Tania Mahon (305) 566-7467 / NEW YORK: Lusus Marketing (212) 391-2424 - Correspondent: Richie Ramos (201) 484-6252 - SAN FRANCISCO: Nena Altieri (415) 742-9922 / Felipe Magalhaes (415) 648-5966 / BRAZIL - RIO: Cor. & Ads - Rogeria Gomes (021) 284-0689 NEWS from BRAZIL is published monthly. Single copy sold for $1. One year subscription for 12 issues is $3.00 (three dollars) - sent by bulk mail. Permission is hereby given to quote from or reprint any of the contents with proper copyright credit. Editorial submissions are welcome. Address all material to P.O. Box 42536 - Los Angeles, CA 90050-0536. Some of our articles were originally published by Correio Brasiliense. News from Brazil assumes no responsibility for any claims made by its advertisers. NEWS from BRAZIL
POST MASTER : Please, send address changes to News from Brazil - P.O. Box 42536 - Los Angeles, CA - 90050-0536 NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
5
POLITICS
CINEMA
Mud in the chips Hi-tech wasn't mighty enough to deal with corruption in the Brazilian Congress. A powerful computer network crashed mid November when a Parliamentary Inquiry Commission was trying to trace illegal money paid to federal legislators. The machines went on the fritz when crossing data from tens of thousands of checks, bank accounts and a list of amendments to the latest three federal budgets. Help was summoned immediately. Diagnostic: the computers needed more memory. Something that's also lacking among the politicians in a country where the president has been recently removed from office for corruption.
Exile's end
Jose y Durval a.k.a. Chltdozinho e Xororo
HIT
For export only Billboard, the Bible of the music business has been including a Brazilian phenomenon on its Latin chart. Guadalupe, a song that has in a short period jumped from 28th to 2nd place, is signed and sung by the duo Jose, y Durval. Never heard of them? Brazilians haven't either. These are the real names of the country sensation known in Brazil as Chitaozinhoe Xoror6. For some reason, they thought that they would never make it with such an unpronounceable artistic name.
MUSIC
Time & the poet
SUCCESS
Hollywood goes Brazil At the end, not even a mago (wizard) could resist the lure from movieland. Bestseller writer Paulo Coelho, 45, while on a U.S. tour promoting the American publication of 0 Alquimista (The Alchemist) weighed a series of Hollywood offers before saying yes. Bruce Berman, president of Warner Brothers, seduced Coelho showing personal interest for the book. Reasoned the author, "If he liked it, the movie will be made." For this leap of faith, the writer is receiving more than $200,000. 6
`Saudade is killing me,' says movie diva Sonia Braga, 43, after five years in the U.S.. And this time she guarantees that 1994 won't see her anymore in her Manhattan flat, listening to Chico Buarque on CD while craving for the real thing in a live show. There is plenty of work waiting for La Braga in Brazil. She will be the heroine of Jorge Amado's Tieta do Agreste, a film to be directed by Caca Bye Bye Brazil Diegues. And Gilberto Braga, a novela (soap-opera) writer for all powerful Globo TV network, has written a role specially for her in the next prime-time novela. Says the actress, "How it hurts not to be able to speak Portuguese every day."
BIG HOLIDAY "Have you locked the house?"
/KU
Chico Buarque de Holanda has broken a three-year silence and has just released a new album called Paratodos (For All). No rehashing of old songs here. The recording contains eight new tunes, including one that talks about old age and the artist. Sample lyrics: Jรก vestindo a pele do artista / 0 tempo arrebata-lhe a garganta / 0 velho cantor subindo ao palco / Apenas abre a voz e o,tempo canta. (Already dressing the artist's skin / Time snatches from him his throat / The old singer going up the stage / Only opens his voice and time sings.) The composersinger has just turned 49. NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
COVER
Crash, pow, ouch!
It's the clash of the lobbies The overhauling of Lindbergh Farias, ex-student leader, is taken off the Congress. the Brazilian constitution as contemplated by law has started in a discordant note. The so called pals da ;Atria (country's fathers) initiated the discussion of the matter amid insults, shoving, fist blows, and police intervention. Still, from now on, what's going to happen will not be anticlimactic. CARLOS RAVELO
E
ight years after Brazil approved its current constitution, the winds of change are again blowing at the executive, legislative and judicial palaces in Brasilia. A new cabra cega (blind goat) is on the loose, and this time, no one knows which way it will run. Once more, Brazil is ready to reshape its Constitution, a document that should lead the country into the second millennium. On one side are those who feel that pressure groups are maneuvering behind the scenes to try and promote their own personal, collective, and business agendas for Brasilia's power-broker elates. Corporate, financial and social interest groups and all the political parties that compose the wide spectrum of Brazilian politics are actively involved in a passionate, turbulent, I- wantmy-piece-of-the-pie type free-for-all, in vThich threats, insults, and violent physical encounters have become commonplace. The stakes are high, and the bets are in place, but the end-results still remain to be seen. A recent session in the Brazilian Federal Congress gives us a small glimpse into what can be expected in the not-so-distant future. On one side of the fence is a parliamentary block made up of six major parties: PMBD, PFL, PSDB, PPR, PP and PTB. Those six are considered to be -at least for the time being - on the political right; they are voting "sim", in favor of constitutional reforms. They were able to garner 339 favorable votes in the Chamber of Deputies, the Brazilian equivalent of the American House of Representatives. The other block is composed of a group of circumstantial allies, opposed to the measures. They obtained 67 ncio votes. Ten abstentions completed a tumultuous session in which 410 deputies met to try and tackle numerous issues that are inextricably intertwined in the process. It's war - All of this, however politically nasty it may seem, is nothing more than a small side maneuver, a mere skirmish before the battle; the battle will probably take place in early spring of 1994. The stage will be the Brazilian National Congress' Senate and Chamber of Deputies; the players: 503 Deputies (Congress-persons) and 81 Senators. Behind the scenes, hundreds of NEWS from BRAZIL-DECEMBER 1993
7
ollait
"lobbyists" or grupos de pressiio as they are affectionately called, will scourge this battleground. These "consultants" represent hundreds of interest groups, public as well as private: multinational corporations, banks, big employers, farming industry and even the Armed Forces. Entrenched and ready to do battle are many labor unions - including the CUT - Brazil's powerful central union, an umbrella organization which covers the country from one end to the other, and which doesn't lack manpower, support and wealth. Its power base is mostly prevalent in Sao Paulo, Rio and other large urban centers. Although the first block includes mostly power brokers and wealthy multinational and local consortiums backed by some of the best consulting groups available anywhere, nevertheless the so-called "left" block can virtually bring the country to a standstill through multitudinary meetings and powerful strikes. None of these groups hide their avowed intentions either. They peddle flashy brochures, sometimes plainer but more detailed "house organs", and even through the use of more covert and dubious means, they are all trying to get their messages through, bright and clear. S6 Deus sabe (God only knows!)- Deputy Nelson Jobim, chosen by thesim block as nominal author for the pro-amendment group, foresees that this whole process could take anywhere between five to ten marathon congressional sessions to disentangle. A probable date has been set for March 15th of next year. "A (constitutional) revision does not entail the drafting of a new Constitution. We are just simply going to revise the current one. Therefore, this is no time to start inventing, but rather to review it. If nothing is approved, then the 1988 Constitution continues to prevail," says Jobim. In spite of Jobim's clear-cut outlook, congressional experts warn that only time will prove his conclusions, and only if those holding leadership positions show the will necessary to face acrimonious issues head-on at voting time. Otherwise, only God knows what's in store for Brazil. The issues being tackled are as diverse as they are explosive. They range from objective issues long overdue to be properly addressed, to those fuzzier ones, the type that most people would rather not touch; even with a ten-foot
pole. Some samples? In other words, the set-up and arrangement (or re-arrangement) of the , politico-jurisdictional relationships which integrate Brazil into three entities: federal government, the states and the municipal governments. As its name indicates, Brazil is a federated republic, made-up of an "undissolvable union" among all of its states, municipalities and the Federal District (Brasilia). It is within this very same conceptualization however, that Brazil's current problems began to surface. Question: within the Federation, who should do what, and who should receive what within this Federation? Nevertheless, at this stage in time, Brazil has basically become similar to a huge department store in which the owner has lost control of his merchandise, cash flow and accounting functions, all at one time. A store in which assistant managers are each on their own, and have chosen not to take their coworkers into account. Or worse yet, a store in which some of these assistant managers choose to do nothing at all. In other words in Brazil, the State has lost control of everything. The most obvious symptom of this problem is - obviously - runaway hyperinflation. Not that the Constitution is to be blamed for that, but in any case, it hasn't been of much help, either. In all due fairness, the origin of the problem probably dates back to the very first Constitution of 1891, and the manner in which it dealt with the so-called "federal question—. Granted, the Constitution of 1988 did effectively give the states and municipalities considerable access to increased public funds. Article 159 - probably the best known one within the new Constitution - earmarks 47% of personal income taxes and 57% of industrial taxes levied in Brazil, to revert back to state and municipal governments. This percentage has in fact increased two-fold ever since 1966, when it barely reached the 20% level. But just what does all of this mean? Let's see. Brazil has basically alternated between periods of "centralization" and "decentralization" of political power; each phase has generally coincided with the periods of dictatorships/military coups and periods of democratic apertures. The former have been periods of federated cohesion and the latter, rejection of said cohesiveness. Nevertheless, critics of the current constitutional set-up do not object to the way in which funds are constitutionally channeled, but rather that it (the Constitution) does not strike a balance; it does not impose duties and obligations upon the recipient states and municipalities in a clear, concise and unambigious manner. The most obvious source of this perceived constitutional confusion seems to be the wording within Articles 23 and 24 of the Constitution, which make reference to "concurrent jurisdictions" among the federal government, the states and the municipalities. For example Article 23, Section II states that all three levels of government must, among other things: "...deal with (public) health and assistance as well as promote housing construction programs, and improve living conditions and basic sanitation..." In a country in which legislators are openly known to defend local and regional interests at the expense of national ones, there seems to be an explosive brew on a heated kettle just waiting to spill over.
In a country in which legislators are openly known to defend local interests at the expense of national ones, there seems to be an explosive brew on a heated kettle just waiting to spill.
8
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
Education, health, sanitation and construction of local roadways, are bread-and-butter issues that will ensure a heated congressional debate. And the perception by the unions and various political parties, that many social gains could be eroded, only seems to add more fuel to the fire. TAXES- A mirror image issue with the previous one - and akin to the public welfare issue as well - taxes are always a hot topic. How this particular issue is handled depends upon how other related areas are dealt with. Intertwined into it is one overplayed myth and two stark realities. Myth: Brazil overtaxes. Not true at all. Reality Number One: (1) Few people are paying excessive taxes; (2) the system -due to an inadequate structure or through mismanagement (or both), is vulnerable and dysfunctional. True. What solutions are there? The idea is to try and expand the tax base, and at the same time to reduce the overall tax scheme. Other sub-issues are also looming. For example, Article 212 establishes that the Union must never assign less than 18% of taxes collected towards education; that sum goes up to 25% for individual states. However well-intentioned it might seem, the current Constitution simply goads the States into spending more. In fact, there have been documented cases in which Municipal governments have spent moneys on the purchase of unneeded motor vehicles - nominally registered to schools - just to be able to comply with the 25% mandatory spending cap. GENERAL WELFARE & RETIREMENT Brazil's biggest business is retirement and welfare. So big in fact, that it totals 20.5 billion in social benefits. Managed through 847 offices which service almost 15 million beneficiaries, Public Welfare is also the second most chaotic endeavor in Brazil. The first one is - according to Veja magazine - managing Brazil itself! This Ministry is a complicated and burdensome one; benefits are marginal at best, and frauds against the system are common, constant and very sophisticated. In spite of its current situation, however, the future does seem to be looking better for this particular area. First of all, there is a huge collective consensus which acknowledges that if there is any particular area within the government agencies that does require an immediate and radical overhaul, it is Previdencia as it is called in Brazil. Second, there seems to be a much clearer understanding as to what needs to be done, much more so than on any of the other issues. Third and not least, the agency has one of Brazil's most capable leaderships, and Minister Antonio Britt° is amongst the most prestigious cabinet members in President Franco's government. One of the proposalsforwarded by Britto himself- suggests that Article 194 be overhauled, separating the departments of Health, Welfare and Social Security, which are currently under one collective umbrella. The reform would purportedly remedy some of the distortions inherent to its current setup. Right now, some 23 million Brazilians contribute into the system (out of a total work-force of 66 million), and theoretically provide support for the totality of Brazil's 147 million citizens. However, by separating the agency into three separate entities, Social Security would then proceed to cover only those workers who contribute into the system. Under Britto's proposal retirement pensions would be issued through a mixed age/work-time criteria, assigned under a point system. Each
chronological year would be worth one point, and each calendar year worked would be worth two; upon earning 95 points, the worker would be able to retire. Such things as "special" retirements or dual pensions (double-dipping), would be strictly forbidden under the new law. CAPITAL INVESTMENTS - One of the most touchy subjects on the constitutional agenda relates to foreign capital and investments in Brazil. Article 171 indicates that "effective control" of any company under a joint foreign-local stock scheme, must rest upon the hands of people who are domiciled and reside in Brazil. Many would-be investors imply that this constitutional provision is nothing more than thinly disguised xenophobia. Under Article 2, the government must also dispense preferential treatment, other conditions being equal, to Brazilian firms under domestic capital stock. The other Article, number 219, although seemingly innocuous, simply states that "the internal (local) market, shall be considered to be (part of the) national patrimony." The proposed reforms, however, would eliminate any differential treatment between "local" or "foreign" firms, and the nationality of the firm would not have any bearing, as long as the company is established within Brazil. This would have far-reaching effects upon the mining industry, since foreign companies are currently forbidden from exploiting Brazil's huge mineral wealth. Financial institutions of foreign capital would also have ready access to the Brazilian market. The bottom line seems to be that liberal "nationalists" will whack it out with conservative "internationalists" in Congress, each pulling in opposite directions. MONOPOLIES - Article 177 grants the Brazilian government absolute control over certain state monopolies. The first and foremost monopoly in Brazil is petroleum giant Petrobras, which controls research, refining, transportation and export of petroleum products and by-products. The area relating to communications in general, and telephone communications in particular, is also an exclusive monopoly of the State. In spite of this, Brazil is only 10th
One proposal that has "controversy" written all over it, relates to changes in the manner in which congressional and district representatives are elected.
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
9
in the Americas and 42nd in the world in number of phone lines per capita, having available but seven lines per each 100 persons. Gas and nuclear energy also fall under State monopoly. The constitutional proposals would probably not eliminate State monopolies altogether, but could very well grant some partial .leeway. POLITICS - One proposal that has "controversy" written all over it, relates to changes in the manner in which congressional and district representatives are elected. Under the proposed new scheme, Deputies (Congressmen) would be elected in part by majority (direct) votes, and partially through proportional voting by individual parties. A party would need to obtain at least 5% of total votes cast in an election to be even considered for positions in Congress. Furthermore, the number of representatives would be adjusted in accordance with demographic and population percentages in each state, thereby limiting congressional over-representation by certain underpopulated states, as is currently the case. In addition, the position of vice-president would be eliminated, the role ofthe Senate would be re-defined, and presidential tenure would be reduced from six to four years, but would allow for re-election. CIVIL SERVANTS - Several changes would be included in relation to civil service. For instance, double-dipping and early retirement would be severely curtailed. Certain careers such as judicial, military, and diplomatic ones would have guaranteed minimum tenures, thereby stabilizing certain independent privileges which are necessary during normal governmental transitions. Other issues, such as an independent agency to control judiciary functions and budgets, limits upon interest rates, free public education 10
and an independent Central Bank and other minor related issues, would also be packaged into this forthcoming debate. Meanwhile, both sides are gearing up for what promises to be Brazil's most important moment since the military governments dropped the ball. While its neighbors and the rest of the world eagerly watch from the sidelines, Brazilian legislators will proceed to write the formulas that will help awaken this sleeping giant at the dawn of the 21st century.
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Letters Dear Editor: I enjoy your magazine because it touches so many aspects of Brazilian culture. I am preparing to move to Brazil so this magazine has special significance for me. Blanche G. Morse, D.C. Portland, Oregon Dear Editor: I would like to receiveNewsfrom Brazil. I heard about the publication . from the North American Short Wave Association. Michael J. Docy North Olmsted, Ohio Dear Editor: I am a graduate student in Film Studies, doing research on the relationships between Brazilian and United States mass media and popular culture. I am specially interest in Xuxa and was wondering if any of your readers have videotapes of her shows, specials, guest appearances, and so forth (in or outside Brazil), that they might be willing to lend or . copy for me? I can return all materials and pay for tapes, postage, etc. as • necessary. Elissa Rashkin 521 E. College St. #1 Iowa City, Iowa 52240 Dear Editor: Greetings from Lyrichord! I enjoy reading your publication and noticed that you do have, from time to time, a music column. Although we don't have an extended list of Brazilian titles, we would for you to consider writing about us. Julia Lee Prospero New York, NY Dear Editor: Today is November 6 and I still haven't received my November issue of News from Brazil. If this is how
it's going to be throughout the entire twelve months then I want to cancel my subscription and receive my $3 refund, because this is ridiculous. Walter B. da Silva Craigsville, Virginia Dear Editor: I would like to subscribe to News from Brazil.I will live in Brazil someday. It must be a wonderful place. Jim Shea Pasadena, California Dear Editor: On behalf of the Craft and Folk Art Museum, I would like to thank News from Brazil for contributing to the 1993 International Festival of Masks. This year's festival was a resounding success, bringing together 50,000 Los Angeles residents to honor and celebrate our cultural diversity. We hope that we may look forward to your continued support in 1994. Teri A. Knoll Los Angeles, California Caro Editor: Sendo um americano que flea doido pelo Brasil, fiquei bem contente quando vi sua revista hoje em Los Angeles. Planejo viajar ao Brasil o verao que vem e por isso quero receber News from Brazil. Mal Parker Santa Barbara, California Dear Editor: My wife loved your News .front Brazi/magazine. Since she is the boss, please find attached a check for a one year subscription. Louis M. Horta (the husband) Pittsburg, California
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Caro Editor: Urn amigo da California me fez presente de uma assinatura de News from Brazil. Recebi a primeira revista em novembro e nao preciso dizer que adorei. Moro aqui no Midwest e nao tenho muito contato corn brasileiros e o pessoal de casa nem sempre lembra de contar tudo. A sua revista ĂŠ super agradavel, resumida e up-to-date. Keep up the good work. Parabens. Maria Merces Phillips, Nebraska Caro Editor: Peco-lhe a grande gentileza de me informar sobre os precos dos seus anuncios e a possibilidade de eu representar (para anfincios, etc.) News from Brazil aqui em Phoenix, Arizona, onde ha uma pequena colonia brasileira. Sou cidadao brasileiro, nascido e formado aqui, e engenheiro profissional registrado no Brasil e aqui nos EUA, tamb dm corn apreciavel experiencia cornercial aqui e la no Brasil. Roberto Miguel Rey Phoenix, Arizona Caro Editor: Embora nao seja assinante, venho lendo News from Brazil ha alguns anos. Curto a revista ate um certo ponto, ou seja, preferiria que ela fosse editada em Portugues. Todo grupo etnico em L. A. tern sua propria publicacao na sua lingua patria. Seria possivel nos orgulharmos tanto da nossa lingua como outras culturas o fazem e terrnos um jornal so nosso como outras culturas o tern? Celina Santos Santa Monica, California
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7
O PAYMENT ENCLOSED NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
SHORT STORY
Christmas on the Boat LYGIA FAGUNDES TELLES
Nao quero nem devo lembrar aqui porque me encontrava naquela barca. S6 sei que em redor tudo era silencio e treva. E que me sentia bem naquela soliddo. Na embarcacdo desconfortavel, tosca, apenas quatro passageiros. Uma lanterna nos iluminava corn sua luz vacilante: um velho, uma mulher corn uma crianca e eu. o velho, urn bebado esfarrapado, deitara-se de comprido no banco, dirigira palavras amenas a urn vizinho invisivel e agora dormia. A mulher estava sentada entre nos, apertando nos bracos a crianca enrolada em panos. Era uma mulher jovem e palida. 0 longo manto escuro que the cobria a cabeca dava-lhe o aspecto de uma figura antiga. Pensei em falar-lhe assim que entrei na barca. Mas já deviamos estar quase no fim da viagem e ate aquele instante ndo me ocorrera dizer-lhe qualquer palavra. Nem combinava mesmo corn a barca tao despojada, tao sem artificios, a ociosidade de urn dialog°. Estavamos sos. E o melhor ainda era nao fazer nada, ndo dizer nada, apenas olhar o sulco negro que a embarcacdo ia fazendo no rio. Debrucei-me na grade de madeira carcomida. Acendi urn cigarro. Ali estavainos os quatro, silenciosos como mortos num antigo barco de mortos deslizando na escuriddo. Contudo, estavamos vivos. E era Natal. A caixa de fosforos escapou-me das mdos e quase resvalou para o rio. Agachei-me para apanha-la. Sentindo entdo alguns respingos no rosto, inclinei-me mais ate mergulhar as pontas dos dedos na agua. - Tao gelada - estranhei, enxugando a mdo. - Mas de manha é quente. Voltei-me para a mulher que embalava a crianca e me observava corn um meio sorriso. Sentei-me no banco ao seu lado. Tinha belos olhos claros, extraordinariamente brilhan-
tes. Reparei que suas roupas (pobres roupas puidas) tinham muito carater, revestidas de uma certa dignidade. - De manila esse rio é quente - insistiu ela, me encarando. - Quente? - Quente e verde, tao verde que a primeira vez que lavei nele uma peca de roupa pensei que a roupa fosse sair esverdeada. E a primdra vez que vem por estas bandas? Desviei o olhar para o chdo de largas tabuas gastas. E respondi corn uma outra pergunta: - Mas a senhora mora aqui perto? - Em Lucena. Já tomei esta barca nao sei quantas vezes, mas ndo esperava que justamente hoje... A crianca agitou-se, choramingando. A mulher apertou-a mais contra o peito. Cobriu-lhe a cabeca corn o xale e pos-se a nina-la corn urn brando movimento de cadeira de balanco. Suas mdos destacavam-se exaltadas sobre o xale preto, mas o rosto era tranqiiilo. - Seu filho? - E. Esta doente, you ao especialista, o farmaceutico de Lucena achou que eu devia ver um medico hoje mesmo. Ainda ontem etc estava bem mas piorou de repente. Uma febre, so febre... Mas Deus ndo vai me abandonar. - E o cacula? Levantou a cabeca corn energia. 0 queixo agudo era altivo mas o olhar tinha a expressao doce. - E o 6nico. 0 meu primeiro morreu o ano passado. Subiu no muro, estava brincando de magic°, quando de repente avisou, you voar! E atirou-se. A queda ndo foi grande, o muro ndo era alto, mas caiu de tal jeito... Tinha pouco mais de quatro anos. Joguei o cigarro na direcao do rio e o toco bateu na grade, voltou e vcio rolando aceso pelo chdo. Alcancei-o corn a ponta do sapato e fiquei a esfrega-lo devagar. Era preciso desviar o assunto para aquele filho que estava all, doente, embora. Mas vivo. - E esse? Que idade tern? - Vai completar urn ano. - E, noutro tom, inclinando a cabeca para o ombro: - Era um menino tao alegre. Tinha verdadeira mania corn magicas. Claro que nao saia nada, mas era muito engracado... A nitima magica que fez foi perfeita, you war! disse abrindo os bracos. E voou. Levantei-me. Eu queria ficar so naquela noite, sem lembrancas, sem piedade. Mas os lacos (os tais laps humanos) já ameacavam me envolver. Conseguira evita-los ate aquele instante. Mas agora ilk) tinha forcas para rompe-los. - Seu marido esta a sua espera? - Meu marido me abandonou. Sentei-me e tive vontade de rir. Incrivel. Fora uma loucura fazer a primeira pergunta
) 40•4 „
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A
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
13
porque agora ndo podia mais parar, ah! aquele chorando feito louca, chamando por ele... Sentei num banco do sistema dos vasos comunicantes. jardim onde toda tarde ele ia brincar. E fiquei pedindo, pedindo corn - Ha muito tempo? Que seu marido... tamanha form que ele, que gostava tanto de magica, fizesse essa - Faz uns seis meses. Viviamos tdo bem, magica de me aparecer so mais uma vez, ndo precisava ficar, so se mas tdo bem. Foi quando ele encontrou por mostrasse um instante, ao menos mais uma vez, so mais uma! acaso essa antiga namdrada, me falou nela Quando fiquei sem lagrimas, encostei a cabeca no banco e ndo sei fazendo uma brincadeira, a Bila como dormi. enfeiou, de nos dois fui eu que Entdo sonhei e no sonho Deus me apareceu, And I saw my acabei ficando mais bonito... quer dizer, senti que ele pegava na minha mdo NA° tocou mais no assunto. Uma boy playing with corn sua mdo de luz. E vi o meu menino brincando manila ele se levantou como todas corn o Menino Jesus no jardim do Paraiso. Assim as manhAs, tomou café, leu o jornal, the infant Jesus que ele me viu, parou de brincar e veio rindo ao brincou corn o menino e foi on the Garden meu encontro e me beijou tanto, tanto... Era trabalhar. Antes de sair ainda fez tamanha sua alegria que acordei rindo tambern, of Eden. As assim corn a mdo, eu estava na corn o sot batendo em mim. cozinha lavando a louca e ele me soon as he saw Fiquei sem saber o que dizer. Esbocei um deu um adeus atraves da tela de me he stopped gesto. Em seguida, apenas para fazer alguma arame da porta, me lembro ate que coisa, levantei a ponta do xale que cobria a playing eu quis abrir a porta, tido gosto de cabeca da crianca. Deixei cair o xale novamente ver ninguem falar comigo corn and came e voltei a olhar para o chdo. 0 menino estava aquela tela no meio... Mas eu estava morto. Entrelacei as maos para dominar o tremor laughing to corn a mdo molhada. que me sacudiu. Estava morto. A mde continuava meet me... Recebi a carta de tardinha, ele a nina-lo, apertando-o contra o peito. Mas ele mandou uma carta. Fui morar corn estava morto. minha nide numa casa que alugamos perto da Debrucei-me na grade da barca e respirei penosamente: era minha escolinha. Sou professora. como se estivesse mergulhada ate o pescoco naquela agua. Senti que Olhei as nuvens tumultuadas que corriam a mulher se agitou atras de mim. na mesma direcdo do rio. Incrivel. la contando - Estamos chegando - anunciou. as sucessivas desgracas corn tamanha calma, Apanhei depressa minha pasta. 0 importante agora era sair, num torn de quem relata fatos sem fugir antes que eta descobrisse, correr para longe ter realmente participado deles. daquele horror. I grabbed as Como se ndo bastasse a pobreza Diminuindo a marcha, a barca fazia uma que espiava pelos remendos da sua fast as I could larga curva antes de atracar. 0 bilheteiro apareceu roupa, perdera o filhinho, o marido, e pos-se a sacudir o velho que dormia: my briefcase. ainda via pairar uma sombra sobre - Chegamos!... Ei! chegamos! The important o segundo filho que ninava nos Aproximei-me .evitando encara-la. bracos. Acho melhor nos despedirmos aqui - disse now was to E au i estava sem a menor atropeladamente, estendendo a mdo. leave, to run revolta, confiante. Intocavel. Eta pareceu ndo notar meu gesto. Levantou-se Apatia? Ndo, ndo podiam ser de away before she e fez urn movimento corn se fosse apanhar a uma apatica aqueles olhos viviswould find out, sacola. Ajudei-a, mas ao inves de apanhar a simos. Aquelas mAos energicas. sacola que the estendi, antes mesmo que eupudesse to flee far away impedi-lo, afastou o xale que cobria a cabeca do Inconsciencia? Uma obscura irritacao me fez andar. from that horror filho. - A senhora é conformada. - Acordou o dorminhoco! E olha ai, deve estar story. - Tenho fe, dona. Deus nunca agora sem nenhuma febre. me abandonou. - Acordou?! - Deus - repeti vagamente. Eta sorriu. - A senhora ndo acredita em Deus? - Veja... - Acredito - murmurei. E ao ouvir S0111 Inclinei-me. A crianca abrira os olhos - aqueles olhos que eu debit da minha afirmativa, sem saber por que, vira cerrados tdo definitivamente. E bocejava, esfregando a mdozinha perturbei-me. Agora entendia. Al estava o na face corada. Fiquei olhando sem conseguir falar. segredo daquela confiarica, daquela calma. Era - Entdo, born Natal! - disse eta, enfiando a sacola no braco. a tat fe que removia montanhas... Sob o manto preto, de pontas cruzadas e atiradas para tras, seu Eta mudou a posicdo da crianca, passando-a rosto resplandecia. Apertei-lhe a ma° vigorosa e acompanhei-a do ombro direito para o esquerdo. E comecou, corn o olhar ate que eta desapareceu na noite. corn voz quente de paixdo: Conduzido pelo bilheteiro, o velho passou por mim retomando - Foi logo depois da morte do meu menino. seu afetuoso dialog° corn o vizinho invisivel. Sal por üttirno da Acordei uma noite tao desesperada que sal pela barca. Duas vezes voltei-me ainda para ver o rio. E pude imagina-lo rua afora, enfiei urn casaco e sal descalca e como seria de manha cedo: verde e quente. Verde e quente. 14
•
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
Eyeopener The latest Brazilian scandal is so big that it seems nobody will escape some drops of mud. But there are those who see it as a necessary part of the democratic purification process. EMERSON LUiS
A
Jose Carlos dos Santos blew the whistle NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
ccording to economist Aspasia Camargo, presi dent of lpea (Institute for Applied Economic Researches), Brazil is living a "domestic French revolution in which the guillotine is public opinion. She notes that only now Brazilians are discovering their public budget. "We need to accelerate the substitution of the political elite and the judiciary has to end its mute role (respected but silent) in this democratic process," Camargo says. In late October, 500 intellectuals, gathered in Caxambu, Minas Gerais, diagnosed the national disease, using as reference the self cleaning effort being made now by the Italian politics, in a maneuver known as operation clean hand. The conclusion: the crisis is serious. Unless society is able to create a pact, there is a big risk that the country will be taken over by a new dictatorship. Camargo emphasizes that the discovery of the importance of the budget is something new and very important: "In democratic countries such as the United States and England, the budget is the basis for a yearly covenant on public expenses." She reminds us that in these countries it's not enough to make pretty speeches during the elections - people want to know how much
things are going to cost. "There is a political culture linked to the budget, something we've never paid attention to. The basis of the citizenry is the budget and there is no democracy without it. We can see if a country is democratic or not by the way it spends its money. If it's really promoting the common good or if the budget is being alloted to interests groups and small lobbies." The economist sees cause for celebration in this bloodless Brazilian French Revolution that started with "diretas ja" ("direct elections now", in 1984), continued with the revision of the Constitution (1988) and passed through the impeachment of president Fernando Collor de Mello in 1992. Now the population is again in the streets of the big cities clamoring against corruption in the Congress. The same people who were wearing black a little more than one year ago to show their grief are now in white, signaling their desire to see politicians come clean and transparent. In Brasilia, thousands of protesters invaded the gardens in front of the Congress building to promote a symbolic clean up in support of the Inquiry Parliamentary Commission that's examining the latest charges about corruption among legislators. Aspasia Camargo reminds that the three powers should be modern and open, something that has never happened in Brazil: "We've had an imperial system even during democratic times, since it was the chief Executive who lead the choir. The other powers were residual, derivative, and didn't have the respect of people. The populist leadership was always hostile to the Legislative since Vargas, to Janio and Collor." She observes that in the French revolution there was a succession of elections that helped clean up and replace the old elite. In every election, the French sent the old guard home and elected a brand new parliament. Brazil seems desperately in need of its French revolution. All the scandals that have been showing up in different places apparently have not prepared the public for the bomb the ex-director 15
of the Federal Budget Department detonated in mid-October. The accusations of Jose Carlos dos Santos - one rare case of a self-confessed corrupt politician - didn't touch only one influential person or a group of less important politicians but a series of previously respected leaders, including ministers and ex-ministers, House representatives and senators, governors and prestigious contractors. Dos Santos, in Brasilia for almost 30 years, had had what seemed an exemplary career. Always promoted by merit, he was able to attain one of the highest offices in Congress. He was so respected that the team of ex-finance minister Marcilio Marques Moreira appointed him to the Budget Department. Retired since last year, the ex-model employee seemed ready to enjoy an apparent deserved break. Then the police who suspect him in the death of his wife - she disappeared last December - found $800,000 in cash under his mattress, besides an other $300,000 in a bank safe. The police have also found a collection of sexual paraphernalia in his house that would excite the Marquis de Sade himself, including two dozen of rubber penises. The list of the accused revealed .by dos Santos included such well-known names as congressman Ricardo Fifiza; Alexandre Costa, minister of Regional Integration; and Joaquim Roriz governor of the Federal District. But the name every Brazilian is talking about these days is House representative Joao Alves. According to dos Santos all the money he received came through Alves, a politician from Bahia, who was president of the Budget Commission between 1988 and 1989 and its reporter in the next two years. One of the most immediate results of the Inquiry's investigation of corruption in the Congress was the disenchantment of those placing bets every week in games such as Loteca, Loto and Sena. The investigation has found that Alves has won almost 200 times in the last five years thanks to a scheme created to launder money. How was that possible? "God helps me. I'm very lucky," explained Alves. Nobody bought his, story. There are indications that he was placing enough bets in order to corral all the possibilities. The problem is that to guarantee a prize of less than $1 million, he would have to spend $3.1 million. A document shows that Alves spent around $29 million, winning only $9 million since 1988. This is one of the big mysteries in this political mudopera. How a man with such a savvy for crookedness didn't devise a better way to hide his ill acquired money? 16
)orter. And the n havea hint.
most
6 Brazi an lo Cesar ter as PC, has nelfin Lon o er to e police but to a sports eortet- for Globo TV network, and just for the time, necessary o make, s point and tell e fantastic4story ofhis escape from Brazil. PC, the extreasurer of expresident 'Collor de Mello, had his preventive detention ordered by a Brasilia 'federal judge, after a trial that proved him to be the head of a corruption scheme that iiwoliied from businessmen to presicient Collor de Mello, passing by lainisters of state. During his hminute conversation with porter Roberto Cabrini, PC Said he ran away from Brazil to escape persecution of only t)ne judge". tienHe also answered the that was in ev cl mouth: how was he able tbo It wasn't hard at all. Fioni Macei6, his hometown, he went by car to the interior of Peni mbuco state. A plane took him from there to Buenos Aires 4ith two stops in small towns in razil and one stop in Asunc on, Paraguay. ed by
0 stayed in Argentina from June 10 but decided em v to e ti csodtui:::: ountry at r t no 0 attemp don't would wa w nt see me dead," in his interview, "but I kilo a very g amount of infhoarm veaation." ‘'w *S-iinscleife:nlglbanan d doesn't have an extradition treaty with Brazil, Farias seems protected, at least for now. While a common Brazilian tourist wouldn't get a visa for more than six months to stay in Great Britain, PC with his ever present money bags was able to secure a one and a half year visa. He has been changing addresses constantly in his new country, renting apartments under the name of Fernando 13arboza. With only two weeks of England he had already lived in three different flats, one of them with a weekly rate of $1,600. PC has also revealed that he has maintained constant telephone contact with his wife in Brazil through a secret code. The interview with Farias gave Globo TV'sfornal Nacional 80% of the TV audience that night. The news program has a daily average of 49% of the viewers. As for the Brazilian police, Whose ratings were already very low, the TV surrendering represented another serious blow to its image.
n
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
ECONOMY
Teaching English to Americans Thanks to international competition and national pride, Brazil is shaping up and shipping out better and better products. We are even selling technological know-how to Americans and Europeans. ALESSANDRA DALEVI Not everybody now is complaining about the poor quality of Brazilian products or the low productivity of Brazilian workers. If you have any doubt, just ask Japan's Sharp, Sweden's Electrolux, or America's IBM, Xerox or Kodak. They all have been relying on Brazilian technology or knowhow to improve quality and boost sagging sales at home. Right now, 12 Brazilian engineers from IBM Brazil are at an IBM unit in North Carolina. They came not to learn from their Northern colleagues as we might assume but to teach them some two or three things about on how to develop cheaper products in less time. The Brazilians working at the IBM factory in Campinas (Sao Paulo) have developed a method capable of producing the same components as the worker in the U.S. for 30% less money in 30% less time. Gilberto Teixeira, the plant's director, explains, "Instead of developing the product by the traditional, sequential method, we've started to integrate the production stages, using an interactive process." This is not an isolated case. A director of Xerox do Brasil arrived inColorado this September to help a branch of in that state to start a system of client support that has been used with success in Brazil for three years. The program implemented in NEWS from BRAZIL-DECEMBER 1993
the 47 Brazilian branches of Xerox, is the CAC (Client Service Center), a support assistance service open 24 hours a day, in some cases. And what is the secret of these Brazilian multinational affiliates? "Creativity," answers Carlos Henrique Moreira, executive director for Xerox do Brasil. For three years now, Kodak of Brazil has been the company's world leader in productivity when manufacturing photographic paper. The Brazilian branch presents a 10% lower loss of photographic paper than factories in England, France, Australia and even the U.S.. The tecnology and equipment used are the same. "The difference is the care of our employees," explains Gilberto Galan, director of Kodak of Brazil. It might not be the norm, but even the Japanese are in some cases losing the war of productivity to their counterpart in Brazil. Three years ago, Sharp's workers in Brazil took 123 minutes to produce a VCR and 100 minutes to manufacture a TV. The Japanese weren't happy. After the introduction of the World Class Sharp Project things changed dramatically however. Now the same TV set is made in 25 minutes (the Japanese take 28), the VCR is manufactured in 41 minutes as in Japan, and a microwave oven is ready in 28 minutes rather then 33 minutes, as in Japan. Productivity has also reversed the precarious situation of the steel plants in the Paulista ABCD (Santo Andre, Sao Bernardo, Sao Caetano and Diadema). Around 40 thousand jobs were lost between 1990 and 1992 in that area. Today however, the steel production that serves the auto-industry is in full swing, generating complaints from the union, which would like to see most of the frequent overtime being done there converted into permanent new jobs. The secret has been a lighter and faster industry. The Cofap company, for example, needed 24 days to produce one shock absorber, in 1991. Today the same job is done in four days. • 17
ECOLOGY
After centuries of reduction in their numbers, the Brazilian Indians have started a reverse movement. Finding a place for some of them to live, however, has been impossible. ROELOF SA Pedro Alvares Cabral arrived in Brazil in W 500, giving the place the name Island of Vera C Cruz, the country had approximately five million Indians. At the beginning of the XIX century, with the end of colonization, the Indian population had decreased to 800,000. Less than one century later, when Brazil became a republic, there were no more than 300,000 Indians. In 1955, this number had shrunk to a mere 120,000. And how many are they nowadays? More than 260,000. And by the year 2,000 their population will have grown to 400,000 according to some experts. One who believes that the growth of the Brazilian indigenous population is irreversible is Mercio Gomes, an Anthropology professor at UERJ (Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro) and sub-secretary for Special Programs from the Rio de Janeiro State Government. "This is the most meaningful fact from the history of inter-ethnic relations in Brazil since Guerra da Cabanagem" (a nativist war in Para state from 1835 to 1840 in which entire Indian populations were decimated), he says, "but the State is ill prepared, and the Nation is completely alien to what is happening." According to Gomes, "The colonization established by the Portuguese destroyed the treasure constituted by 500 indigenous peoples who lived in Brazil. They were wiped out by death under guns and knives, by death produced by diseases until then unknown to the Indians, and by death induced by the imposition of costumes, rules, religion." Some tribes, as the Tupinambas, had around 1 million people. Unlike the Mayas, however, who lived in large cities, most Brazilian Indians didn't havealdeias with more than 3000 residents. The Tupinambas, subdivided in dozens of confederated villages, occupied a very extensive 18
territory from the Paraguay Basin to the Amazon river delta. They were known by various names as Tupiniquim, Tamoio, Tabajara, Potiguara, Maracaja, Caete, with constant fights between their aldeias. Today, the tribes with the biggest populations are the Macuxi from Roraima and the Ticuna from the Upper Solimbes river, who together have more than 20,000 Indians. The Yanomamis are the next most numerous tribe. Living close to the frontier with Venezuela they number around 15,000, and seem to be the group most menaced by civilization, since garimpeiros (gold seekers) have been invading their lands, bringing all kinds of diseases, and sometimes killing those Indians who oppose them, as happened recently. Apart from the Yaonomami, other tribes, including the Macuxi, the Ticuna, the Tucanos, Caingangues, Guaranis, Guajajaras, Terenas, Xavantes, CaiapOs, Mundurucus are all growing steadily. "This growth," says Gomes, "transcends the limit of our actions, be they positive or negative." He reminds us that historically Brazil has conducted its development over Indian lands. "This expansion today is called 'projects'", stresses the anthropologist. "They go from the settlement of peasants to the construction of hydroelectric power plants and the exploration of minerals and wood. Despite all that, the demographic growth of the Brazilian indigenous peoples is the biggest historical happening with a positive note in Brazilian inter-ethnic relations." Gomes also points out that there are cases of indigenous people whose demographical stability is still very precarious, "people like the Guajas, the Uru-eu-uauuaus, the Poturus, whose contact with FUNAI (National Foundation for the Indian), with religious missions or with the fronts of economic expansion kills the elderly, youngsters and children." In some cases, as with the Guaranis from Mato Grosso, their aldeia has been surrounded by cities. In this case, the young Indians have no opportunity in life. Prevented from living a dignified existence as natives, and feeling rejected by the Brazilian society that doesn't accept them, many have found a final solution, through suicide. With the impending revision of the Brazilian constitution, many interest groups are complaining about the size of the territory reserved for the Indians in the 1988 Constitution. At that time, the document reserved more than 900 thousand sq. km. to the natives. This is enough land to fit 27 Belgiums and represents 11% of Brazil's area. The Constitution, however, is not being followed. It has decreed that in five years - October of 1993 - all of the Indian areas would have been regulated. That deadline came and went and today only half of the 532 reservations created by the Constitution have been regulated. The big problem has been the exploration of minerals in the reservations. The third paragraph of article 231 of the Constitution allows that exploration; but since there is no law regulating the matter, all the work of mineral extraction in reservations continues to be done by garimpeiros working clandestinely. Demarcation is a process that takes a long time and lots of money. To demarcate the 9 million hectares reserved to the Yanomami, FUNA1 spent $4 million. Fundacao Mata Virgem, the organization born under the inspiration of the British singer Sting paid $650,000 for the demarcation of the 4.9 million hectares set aside for the Menkragnoti, a group belonging to the Caiapos. This is a process that can require 10 years. It starts with the contact with the tribe, followed by anthropological studies to determine the mythical universe of the group, its techniques and its history. The '88 Constitution says that the Indian should receive "the space traditionally occupied by the indigenous group." All FUNA1 has reserved for this task in 1993 is $67,000 • NEWS from BRAZIL-DECEMBER 1993
SOCCER
Our $5 million men
P 'sist ‘1111111111110%
The chosen ones
Brazil knows it has a real chance of being the next world champion of : 111111111144 soccer. To get there, the Brazilian national team is not sparing money or dreams.
The 24 elected teams for the World Cup are finally in. They are: United States (host) Germany (defending champion) Latin America: Argentina Bolivia Brazil Colombia Mexico Europe: Belgium Bulgaria Greece The Netherlands Ireland Italy Norway Romania Russia Spain Sweden Switzerland Africa: Cameroon Morocco Nigeria Asia: Saudi Arabia South Korea
SERGIO DO LAGO
T
he Brazilian Soccer Confederation (CBF) has already calculated all the expenses the Brazilian national team will incur during its campaign in the United States, including the final match of the World Cup on July of next year in Los Angeles. To fulfill the dream of becominu, world champion for the fourth time, according to CBF's president, Ricardo Teixeira, Brazil will have to spend $5 million on the players, technical commission and the administrative staff. This money will go to pay salaries, trips, accommodation and rewards to players in case of victory. Teixeira, who was recently accused of corruption by former soccer player Pele in an interview with Brazilian Playboy, says, that CBF won't have budget problems. The CBF's leader said that his organization has received $4 million during the last year for merchandising related to the Brazilian team. The estimated earnings for the 93-94 season are $3 million. CBF also expects to receive $4 million from the commercial use o f the team's image before the World Cup and has already guaranteed $150,000 in television rights for each of the three matches that the Brazilian team will dispute in the first stage of the World Cup. Brazil has already spent $3 million during the qualification games. Such amounts led Pele to accuse CBF of corruption. The three-times world champion, and to many the best soccer player of all time, says that he is going to prove all his accusations. He has vowed to run for the CBF's presidency on an anti-corruption platform. Teixeira denies everything and says that Pele's allegations are part of a scheme to discredit CBF. According to him there is a group that wants to move
CBF's headquarters out of Rio de Janeiro, the same group that is disgruntled with the Confederation since it dismissed former soccer player Falcao as the team head coach. Boston After considering for a long time Orlando, Florida, as the best place to be during the first stage of the World Cup, Brazil made up its mind, and it is rooting now for Boston, Massachusetts. The idea is to skip Florida's hot weather during summer. The temperatures in Boston would be much more appropriate for the Brazilian players, most of them playing presently on European teams, and therefore better used to temperate weather. CBF wanted to play in Orlando because of the large population of Brazilians in Florida. They were naturally expecting to have most of them crowding the stadiums where Brazil would play. But lack of Brazilian fans will not be a problem in Boston either. The Brazilian community is also big in
that area and it will certainly show up for the games at the Foxboro stadium. Olcourse, professional athletes can be prepared to play in any weather. But because attic. European national championships, the Brazilian players will only be able to join the national team about one month before the beginning of the competition in the U.S.. The Brazilian technical commission has been complaining that this won't be enough time to get the athletes in top physical shape. The decision about which team plays where won't be made before December 17. If Brazil is chosen as the top seeded team in Boston, it will play its first two games at the Foxboro Stadium on June 21 and June 25; and the third game at the Cotton Bowl, in Dallas, Texas, on June 30.
•
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
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which voduns and orishas which are forces of nature, have their own myths and can help humans to follow their odu (destiny) and their on (head). In Bahia - and later all over Brazil - it was called the Candombld; in Pernambuco, the Shango; in Rio Grande do Sul, the Batuque; in Maranhao, the Minas. Candomble is an ancient religion. All of its ritual and songs are done in archaic Yoruba. It is also an initiatic religion in which only the people who have been through its long and difficult initiation are prepared to receive the orishas. Orishas do not come to consult, but to live out their myths in appropriate dances or in secret rituals when needed. They are forces of nature controlled by the mcie-de-santo and will only talk to After centuries of laymen through the cowries (jogo de bitzios). A person cannot persecution, the deities choose which orisha she belongs to, or what her position will be in a Candomble house. It is through the cowries that the that the African slaves orishas will say whether a person has to be initiated into the brought to Brazil are religion, if she will become a "iyawo" (filha-de-santo) and receive her orisha, or was born to become an Ogan or Ekedi out of the closet people who are initiated, but do not receive the orisha-helpers of the orisha, high ranking positions in a house. But only those and have gained who are "iyawos" can, after seven years of training, become respectability. Their voices yalorishas or babalorishas if that is their destiny and then open their own house. can be heard through Every Candomble house (Roo° r Terreiro)has a babalorisha some of Brazilian or yalorisha as supreme authority in the house. Respect and hierarchy are main supports of the religion, and yawos, ebomis biggest talents. (yawos who have been initiated for more than seven years), ogans, okedis know their position in the house and act accordMARIA JUNQUEIRA * ingly. The Pal or Mae-de-Santo are the ones allowed to read the f you ever read Jorge Amado's books, cowries (bUzios) for his people or layman. Usually he supports if you like Vinicius, Caetano, his whole house through the cowries readings, ebos (ritual Bethania, Clara Nunes, Beth spiritual cleansing) for his clients, who do not need to be Carvalho's music, you know a few things initiated, but if helped by his orisha, will come and help about the African orishas in Brazil. We all financially in most feasts. know the sambas where "Mae Menininha" Of hundreds of orishas, only a few survived in the New and "Iansa" are the themes. Bethania and World. In Brazil we have 16 main orishas: Eshu (the messenCaetano have been initiated (feitos-de-santo) ger), Ogun (the warrior), Osossi (the hunter), Ossayin (leaves in the Candomble at the and trees), Obaluaye Gantois terreiro (house) (the earth), Osumare in Bahia. In these last few (the snake and the rainyears, Candomble has bow), Nana (the first come out of Brazil and mother), Shango (the you can read about it in thunder and King of Umberto Eco's books and Oyo), Oya or lansan everyone in Los Angeles, (wind, lightning and New York and Europe is river), Oba (river), Ewa talking about Axe Music. (female counterpart of Most Brazilians don't Osumare - snake and even know the difference rainbow), Osun (fertilbetween Candomble and ity, riches and waterUmbanda, two ofthe most falls), Yemanja (mothpopular religions in Braer of most orishas and zil. What is Candomble? the sea), Logunede What is Axe? What is an (part Osossi, part Osun Orisha? - their son), Osaguian Candomble - meaning (the young and warrior dancing feast - is the Afro°said) and Osalufan Brazilian religion brought (the old father of all by the Yoruba and Ew6 orishas who only wears slaves from West Africa white). (Nigeria and ,Benin). The The African deities Yoruba and Ewa cultures have been syncretized have similar religions, in with Catholic saints in lyalortsha lyatunde (Maria)
Black gods
NEWS from BRAZIL-DECEMBER 1993
21
the popular context, such as Osala as Senhor do Bonfim, Yemanja as Our Lady of the Conception, Oya as Santa Barbara, Nand as Santa Ana, Ogun as Santo Antonio, Osossi as Saint George. Every orisha has its own colors, myths, food and the slaves found in the stories of these saints similarities to their orishas. For centuries these religious groups were very private and known only to the followers and the groups that persecute them - the Church and the police. For decades they had to use Catholic saints as a front for their orishas, following the Catholic religious calendar in order to be able to have their feasts. As they started to influence music, folk dances, food and the daily life of so many Brazilians, the academic world started to study them. In the middle of the 19th century, Bahia was open to them - Nina Rodrigues, Arthur Ramos, Roger Bastide, Edson Carneiro, Ruth Landes and later on Judith Gleason and Pierre Verger. The Candomble had found its theologians - Brazilian, French and American anthropologists. They would defend them in the political and intellectual white world. They wrote their stories in books, which had been preserved through an oral tradition and the contact with Africa was reinstated. They became known as the Jeje-Nago.
Later the Candomble found its artists Caryl* Jorge Amado, Joao Ubaldo, Vinicius, Bethania, Mario Cravo, Caetano, Bethania, Clara Nunes and so many others. Anthropologists, physicians, writers, artists became initiated in the Candomble. The African orishas were free to roam in the New World and the white world. With the heavy migration from the north to the south of Brazil, numerous babalorishas (paisde-santo) and yalorishas (meies-de-santo) came and opened their houses in the south. According to Reginaldo Prandi, a sociologist from University of Sdo Paulo, there are 44,000 terreiros of Candomble and Umbanda in the Greater Sdo Paulo area alone. Rio Grande do Sul's Batuque group gave rise to around a thousand terreiros in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Going to a Candomble party in the south, we will see Japanese, Europeans, and many white Brazilians dancing in their Bahiana costumes and later in the night receiving their own orishas, coming back with ritual clothing and dancing their own myths. So what is Axe (or Ase in Yoruba)? Axe is a life force. Axe is everything from leaves, water, beads, colors, even money. You exchange Axe, you can get more Axe, and certain people and places have more Axe than others. Although most of us are far away from Bahia, we certainly can get Axe here in the United States. Learn how to have it. It will strengthen you. It is in our music, in our dance, in capoeira, but also in the Aye (earth) and in
ourselves if we know to which orisha we belong, so we can praise the force of nature that we belong to. Then we will carry more Axe. Axe! Instead of the Portuguese orthography, the author kept the English or Yoruba spelling of names such as Osossi (Oxossi), Shango (Xango) and orisha (orixa) * Maria Ju.nqueira is a psychologist, graduated from the University of Michigan and is doing her Masters Degree in Anthropology at Unicamp (University of Carnpinas). She is also a Iyalorisha (mcie-de-santo), reads the cowries (logo bzizios) and was initiated in the Efan Candomble, of the Oloroke House in Bahia. Her African name is Iyatunde Oloosala. You can call her for more information at (310) 374-8287.
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NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
CINEMA
True Three filmmakers took the challenge to release an old Orson Welles's film that tells about his passion for Brazil. The country has only a supporting role. Welles is big as ever. FRANCINE ALEXANDER
L
ittle films - they are that rare breed of cinematic product that make critical filmgoers happy. Dwarfed by their muscular Hollywood counterparts, the best of them remain among the best films one can hope to see in any year. Marked by small releases, small budgets, and screenings on small screens, little films preserve the reality of film as art rather than business, tackle themes too iffy to interest the big money makers, and generally give us some measure of relief from the predictable, the flashy, and the empty. Interestingly enough, one of the really good little films to emerge this year is about a Hollywood mega-giant, a pioneer whose genius came up against the laws of big movie making and as a result never saw its full awakening. It's almost providential that the first of Orson Welles's languishing legacies to be resuscitated would be It's All True, a documentary revealing littleknown truths about Welles's frustrated professional life. Here is the story of how his singular vision and his fascination for Brazil all but brought his career to a halt. It's all true. The film is based on an NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
RKO documentary that began as a cultural gesture toward Brazil by the United state government, a strike against burgeoning communist influences. Welles, predictably, turned the project into an artistic mission. He set about creating three short features, Bonito, Carnaval, and Four Men on a Raft, to be combined into a feature film with the ambitious goal of giving Americans a sense of Brazil. It's All True has the classic assets and flaws of really good little films. Assets: It's not the same old story. It's intellectually interesting. It has poetic structure and narrative. And it's beautifully shot, owing to footage produced by Welles's skill. Flaws: It's slow in spots - you may wonder from time to time whether you'd rather be watching a juicy story, or reading one - and there's not much flash. Not much noise, not much velocity, and that big moment when the music is supposed to swell just isn't there. What a relief. It's All True achieves something remarkable in its quiet way. It dissects the cynical relationships between art, business, and politics via the hapless venture of one truly gifted individual trying to please he powers-that-be while retaining his sense of personal integrity. Brazil is the innocent and humanized backdrop against which fear, manipulation, subterfuge, revenge, racism, a Xango curse, obsession, and even death tell the strange story of what could have been no more than an innocuous piece of propaganda. But then, nothing associated with Orson Welles could ever be innocuous. To those looking for a documentary on Brazil itself: It's All True is about Brazil only indirectly. Codirectors Richard Wilson, Myron Meisel„ and Bill Krohn cast Welles as tragic hero with the film as nemesis, and much of Welles's footage, lovingly shot, plays this supporting role. They leave intact • 23
Four Men on a Raft, the romantic and heroic tale of the four jangadeiros who sailed form Fortaleza to Rio to demand civil rights from President Vargas. This third ofthe trilogy symbolized the broader scenario - the depth of Brazil to be explored, the dedication with which Welles took on the challenge, and the tragedy of genius unappreciated until studio executive Fred Chandler discovered the footage in 1985. It's All True was originally shot afterCitizen Kane, at the same time The Magnificent Ambersons was being edited. Nestled between two of Welles's greatest films, arguably two ofthe greatest films ever made, it 's All True occupies a curious place in history not big, not famous, but according to this narrative, pivotal. Modern filmmakers Wilson, Meisel, and Krohn have done an excellent job cutting and assembling the footage. The result is a fitting tribute to a great filmmaker and a sober reminder of the dangerous labyrinths facing great talent. • Released by Paramount, It's All True has a limited release all over the country. In Los Angeles, it will run Saturday and Sunday mornings at 11:00 a.m, at the Sunset 5 Theaters (on a small screen) as long as a good crowd continues to attend. See local listings for New York Miami, Chicago, and other major cities. 24
Sam Robbins, Hector Babenco, Brazilian soap opera actress and Luis Carlos Barreto
Conquering China Since 1990, the Brazilian cinema has been in intensive care with barely a pulse. Therefore it was good to see the Chinese public applauding Caca Diegues, Bruno Barreto and other renowned Brazilian filmmakers. TEXT AND PHOTO; HARRIET ROBBINS
In China, for the First Shanghai Film Festival, we had a chance to greet our old friends Luiz Carlos Barreto, Lucy, his wife and partner, her mother, their son Bruno Barreto and his wife Amy Irving, who were all attending the festival, which ran front October 7 to 14. Luiz Carlos Barreto is one of the key figures in the Brazilian new film movement. His production company has pioneered films in Brazil for over 25 years, Showing at the festival was a retrospective of films that he produced: Bye Bye Brazil (1980), Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands (1978), The Dolphin (1987), and Luzia (1988). Barreto, the chairman of the Brazilian Film Producers Association, said that although this was his first visit to China he was feeling right at home. He had long wished to make a film in China and this visit had taken him that much closer to his dream. The Barretos also participated in the Film Market and purchased the Chinese film Swordsman in Double Flag Town directed by He Pin. In an interview with Sam Robbins, Barreto talked about how happy he was to be in Shanghai, and revealed that the audience reception to his
films was outstanding, selling out each time. The Barretos commented on the wonderful reception they had received on the artistic and also the personal level. They had nothing but praise for the Chinese hospitality and cordiality during the Shanghai Film Festival. For Lucy Barreto, it was both a surprise and a pleasure that Brazilian films shown there were such a big hit with the Chinese public. The Barretos used the occasion to take an extensive trip through mainland China after the festival ended. One of the members of the jury at the Shanghai Fest was internationally known Argentinean-Brazilian film director Hector Babenco (Pixote and Kiss of the Spider Woman). A great time was had by all at the many events organized by the festival committee where all of the International participants met and shared their experiences at the fest. Quoting Luiz Carlos Barreto, it was his dream to make a film in China and then he added, "Making dreams is what cinema is all about." The Golden Cup award for the best film went to Wang Tung's Hill of no Return from Taiwan. Best director went to Im Kwon-Taek for the South Korean entry Sopyonje. A special jury prize was given to Jacob Cheung'sCageman, a film from Hong Kong. The best actor award went to Jan Decleir for his performance in the Belgian film Daens and the best actress award was given to Oh Jung-Hae for her role in Sopyonje. The other jury members who shared the voting with Hector Babenco were chairman Xie Jin (China), Karen Shakanazarov (Russia), Nagisa Oshima (Japan), Paul Cox (Australia), Tsui Hark (Hong Kong) and Oliver Stone (United States). • NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
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A leitura inteligente e descontraida como os brasileiros gostam. Apos dois anos de estrondoso sucesso em Miami e no sul da FlOrida, o maravilhoso Brazilian Courier aporta no litoral californiano corn uma bagagem delboas noticias para o leitor e para o anuribiante. Connpadres, amigos, gente boa, liguem pra gente. Ainda no conhece o Courier? Ent5o, preencha o cupom abaixo e envie a nossa redacao corn urn chequinho de $20 (vinte) bucks, para cobrir despesas de selo de primeira classe, por urn ano. Se preferir urn exemplar de amostra, et)wie $2 (dais dolarezinhos). Obrigado! NOsso telefone na California é 213) 255-8062. Nome Endereco Cidade
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4699 N. Federal Hwy #109 - Pompano Beach, FL 33064 (305) 537-3166 - In Miami:(305) 377-1223 NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
BOOK
Always magic Our foremost novelist is back to American shores with a novel that's a 4th of July of fireworks and emotion. The War of the Saints, by Jorge Amado, translated by Gregory Rabassa (Bantam Books, $22.95; 357 pp.) BONDO WYSZPOLSKI
J
orge Amado waves a banner for Salvador da Bahia in The War of the Saints. This Brazilian city is his canvas, his chessboard, and Amado moves all the pieces with gusto, merriment, and open-armed generosity. As in previous novels (Tent of Miracles, Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands, etc.), the author - now at age 81 - is both jester and humanist. Wry and sly and lovingly doting, his tale is composed of flourishes, hundreds, thousands of them. It's not fluff, but fireworks abound. The story is set in the early 1970s, and although this is in the middle of Brazil's dictatorship, the writing is festive and up-tempo. Dom Maximiliano von Grudin, director of the Museum of Sacred Art in Bahia, has acquired the loan of a priceless statue - Saint Barbara of the Thunder - from the reluctant Father Teo, the vicar of Santo Amaro. The statue is transported down the Paraguacu River. However, "Before Master Manuel and Maria Clara had finished mooring the sloop and managed to lift out the saint, the saint herself got down from her litter, took a step forward, smoothed the folds of her cape, and walked off." Before the mystery of the disappearance is resolved, Amado will empty out his usual half-dozen subplots, most of them - ah, c'mon, all of them - having to do with love gained or regained. The honeymoon chronicles of Danilo and Adalgisa go on for pages, and where another writer might condense, Amado relishes and prolongs. Yep, he's in top form - and Gregory Rabassa's translation is first-rate. The War of the Saints is as much a party as a novel, and everyone Amado has ever shaken hands with seems to put in an appearance. While many readers may finish the book the way one finishes a second helping of dessert, Amado's Bahia has never been portrayed with such color, rhythm, and enchantment. In this tent of miracles where anything is possible, one half-expects to find a couple of travel coupons on the very last page. • NEV4S from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
Excerpts It was too long a sermon, in Danilo's opinion. He had the same criticism of the complicated peroration by the honorable judge. This well-known bard so caressed and praised Adalgisa's "dazzling, sumptuous Brazilian beauty, generated in a crucible %1 here the races mingle," that it seemed more like a declaration of love than a sermon. The bridegroom smelled something fishy - you can't trust poets - and rocked from one foot to the other. The caravan had swelled on every corner, picking up adherents along its path. Crowds of onlookers and drifters enlarged the ranks: students, prostitutes, bohemians, gamblers, scientists coming out of a meeting on technological development, subliterates, and tourists, and Councilwoman Amabilia Almeida. They went alone without knowing where or why, drawn by the berimbaus and the singing. Bringing up the rear were the urchins known as the captains-of-the-sands, doing eapoeira leaps, cartwheels, and half-moons, they had the mastery of it in their blood, it was as hereditary with them as their roguishness. There certainly was going to be a huge commotion somewhere, and nobody wanted to miss the spectacle. Later it came to be known that on that occasion Father Jo.s. Antonio I lernandez - a hero of the mouth, a coward in the guts - hadn't been born for martyrdom, refused to sacrifice himself. lie raised his arms in surrender at the approach of the three demons, who no doubt were to put an end to him. Ile knew that Communists were accustomed to gelding priests before killing them; Father Jose Antonio wanted to save his life and, if possible, keep himself intact, even if he never used his balls properly and pleasurably except perhaps in dreams. For him demons, Communists, orixcis, and hippies were all one and the same.
27
T
hese days it isn't easy to keep up with Flora Purim. News from Brazil caught up with Flora at Sound Design studio in Santa Barbara, where she has recorded several of her albums, two with Grammy nominations. These days, Flora is dividing her time between cutting a new album, preparing for a summer tour with Joyce and Astrud Gilberto, and traveling with husband Airto Moreira, guitar player Jose Neto and saxophonist Gary Meek on tour with Fourth World. Flora continues to give music a spiritual richness, which remains, like her world view, on the cutting edge.
MUSIC
What is the band Fourth World all about? Three years ago we put our individual careers aside for a minute, and we decided that after thirty years in this business, the only way to keep feeling good and feeling fresh is to reinvent ourselves. So we decided to form the ensemble that we named Fourth World, not meaning a worse world than the Third World, but a better world. The Fourth World means man and nature living in perfect harmony without harming each other. The natives of any rainforest are the Fourth World people. So we figured that we could make a statement without making speeches and lecturing people. There are already a lot of people taking advantage of situations like this to self-promote. And we don't want to self-promote. But as Brazilians and as people directly affected by changes in the world right now, we feel that music and the arts in general are a statement. Even if you claim that you're not political, your own way of living and the vehicles you choose to communicate with show what your preferences are. It's impossible to hide. You cannot be neutral at a time like this when so much is happening all over the world. South Africa to us was like a dream, because we Brazilians are direct descendants of Africans. And we slowly rediscovered our roots. We went to visit Zulu villages. We got in touch with people from both sides of apartheid. It was very important because most of the news we hear about Africa comes to us through the media and the media has a tendency to magnify and distort what's really happening for their own benefit, for sensationalism. What I found in Africa was that a transition that is going to take a long, 28
long time is beginning. This is just the beginning, and the people of Africa understand that. It's the people outside of Africa that are trying to push the process as fast as possible so they can take financial advantage. But this is not going to happen fast. It's like any transition. The whole world is going through a reorganization. Last year we went to Russia, we went to Romania, this year we went to Cuba and East Germany before we went to Africa. And I had the chance to talk one-to-one to the people, to find out what they feel. It's so important. So much more important than hearing the news. Do you get a sense of how people are reacting to the changes in the communist system?
After 30 years on the road, Flora Purim work continues fresh and exciting. The secret? The award-winning singer herself is going to tell you. FRANCINE ALEXANDER
Well, I think, they welcome the change. I found out that a lot of the people, 80% of the people who were under the communist regime would like to be under a democratic system, because their view of the democratic system comes from TV. They don't realize that the democratic system is not really democratic. And I tried to explain this to them. "You know, in America it's not all flowers and happiness and sunshine. It's not Disneyland." There's a lot of unemployment, starvation, homelessness. There's overpopulation. You can count the ten richest people in the world who have everything they want and control the rest of the world. I think that above everything, we performers, artists, writers, poets, actors, actresses, and directors, people who work in the media, we have an obligation to enlighten, to the best of our knowledge, not by putting thoughts in people's heads, but by telling the truth and letting people make up their own minds. It is exciting to see things before they change, knowing that there's going to be a change, and then go back. We have an invitation to go back to Africa again in April, just about the time the elections are going to take place. We want to look at this very closely. And we also have an invitation to go back to Cuba, because they felt a lot of truthfulness coining from us. They loved what Airto does, and they liked the approach that Fourth World has toward music and arts and life. It's sounds like your tour was NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
more like a cultural exchange. It was an exchange. And also, inside of me there was an exchange, letting my old self go and becoming a new person and focusing my strength as a musician toward working for an ensemble as opposed to being the singer with the band. It's been very enlightening and refreshing. Of course, I am an important part in this group, just as important as I was when Chick Corea formed the original Return to Forever. Any similarity? Do you feel some of that experience and this experience are the same? Very much so. Taking off almost the same way. This is very complex music, very worked out. Its'a almost like Brazilian classical music with some shades of jazz. It's very percussive, very jungle sounds, bird calls, screams, and nature sounds, rain, the elements, and the human voice sound in there as well. Very interesting. It was a breakthrough 25 years ago to have a singer singing instrumental music with no lyrics, and at that time I didn't think it was going to be so important. But now I can tell you that the experience pretty much made me popular all over the world, because Chick took off from that point. A lot of people wouldn't have known who I am or even touched my music if they didn't get the Chick Corea music then. And I am totally grateful for songs like 500 Miles High and Spain, What Game Shall We Play Today. Those were classics, and it was also a great experience. What is Flora Purim doing these days as a solo artist? I'm getting ready to do my first solo album in three years, so that's what I'm doing right now. It's going to be very interesting because this album will tell the story of how it used to be and all the roads I've had to travel to reach the point where I am right now. It progresses from the highest sophistication sound-wise to the very primitive, and around a 360 degree trip back to where I came from. I feel intrigued, because it's almost likevatching a film of my life. Some of my old friends, like Chick and George Duke and Herbie, the musicians I used to have working with me in the past, are going to contribute one song or play one or two songs. It's out there, experimental. I'm doing a lot of experimental stuff as well as compositions by Toninho Horta, Milton Nascimento. It's going to be a very nice record. What kind of evolution do you feel your music has experienced? Well, I don't think the core of the music has changed, ever. My main mod land theme is freedom. I'm not talking about the freedom of people who have been incarcerated and have to be freed. I'm talking about the inner freedom, the freedom for which we are the only ones who can open that gate. NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
And it takes a long time to understand that you are your own warden. You are the person that says, "I can't do this," or "I shouldn't do that," or "I don't want to look like this." None of this is important. What's important is the essence of what you are. I'm still learning. Everything I do is a learning experience, and I'm very humble to everything. I think I'm very fortunate. I'm not lucky because I work very hard to be the best that I can be. I was not born with the gift. I developed it. I had to invent my own brand of singing. And the musicians that I was hanging with at that time, like Gil Evans, Miles Davis, and Chick, and Herbie, really welcomed that fact that I didn't want to be a singer with a band backing me up, so they used my abilities in full to duplicate instrument sounds. And I became a musician, more of a musician than a singer. And later on, because I worked so hard, God gave me the strength and the knowledge. If there's one thing I have right now, more than anything I ever had before, it's the knowledge. I can walk into any kind of music, any situation, and do what I do, and fulfill the expectations of the people who hire me, even my own expectations. When you're creating art, you're always very critical of yourself and you don't always like what you do. Right now I am more at peace. I feel strong. I feel secure. And all my friends, like Chick and George and Stanley Clarke, when they see our band, they say, "You guys did it again!" They consider us pioneers. This is really important to us, to have our peers come back to us after 20, 25, 30 years of working together and say, "How can you do it again after so long?" What is it that allows you to keep reinventing and stay on the cutting edge. First of all, I hope our music, the music we create, never grows old. And in order for you to not grow old, you have to take chances. You have to experiment with new vehicles. If I didn't keep changing, I would be stale. I would probably be making twice as much money as I'm making right now but feeling older and older as time goes by. Right now, I'm even singing on rap records. I never thought that would be my cup of tea, but I learn from those kids. I learn what they want, why they are questioning so much, why they need to express themselves so aggressively. I learn the core of it, not what seems to be, but the motivation. Again, what's keeping me on the cutting edge is the fact that I'm not afraid to walk into a rap session and do my thing, which is sounds. How do you like being so busy? I feel good. I think work is the best therapy for you not to be depressed or not know what to do with yourself in hard times like this. We always keep busy. Makes us feel like we are getting somewhere with this ensemble. And talking about reinventing yourself. The core of things really never changes. It's really how am I going to do the same thing and not sound like the same thing and not look like the same thing. So you have to reinvent the form, how you present your thoughts and feelings, and what you do. Your craft. Besides our own work, we produce a couple of artists and we also do a lot of the commercials for Levis jeans and we do sound track for films, and it's ... Working to us is not working, you know, it's creating. And whenever you're creating something, you always feel good. You know something will come out of it. You're not like stagnated, living off your past glories. That's over. This is a beginning right now. We're beginning the new world. We are the ones who create hope and make the world go around. And we are the only ones who can unleash the freedom that is within each one of us. • 29
MUSIC
In her latest album, Simone is in company of Julio Iglesias and such icons of romantic music as composer Armando Manzanero. After two decades of success in Brazil, the singer is in search of new markets. AR1ANE DALLA DEA
F
amous Brazilian singer Simone was in Los Ange les in October, promoting her second album, La Distancia, which is dedicated to the Spanish speaking audience throughout Latin America, United States, and Europe. The success of her introductory album Simone inspired her to continue in this new direction. La Distancia, Brigas, and Eu Set Que Vou Te Amar are the only three songs by Brazilian authors, out of fourteen of this predominantly romantic album. Simone included also three songs by Armando Manzanero to complement this work of boleros and baladas produced by Bebu Silvetti. Simone Bittencourt, 44, is celebrating 20 years of a musical career that started almost abruptly in 1972. The Bahia native was in her last year at a Physical Education school, teaching P.E., and training with the Brazilian national basketball team, when she met Moacir Machado. Machado took her to Odeon studio in Sao Paulo for a test and soon after she recorded her first album. On her second record she sang Joao Bosco's De Frente Pro Crime and the rest is history. Together with Elis Regina, Gal Costa, and Maria Bethania, Simone has been considered one of the best interpreters of Brazilian composers like Chico Buarque and Milton Nascimento. "The military dictatorship that ruled Brazil at that time," Simone told News from Brazil, "forced these composers to be very creative on their lyrics, writing messages of protest with enough subtlety to be understood by everyone, without risking their freedom and lives." They needed strong voices to carry their messages, and Simone fulfilled this part with ease and power. The singer was active in political issues and campaigns in the 1980s, but she became disappointed with politicians because of their false commitment to the people and their constant defense of a very public agenda. In an interview with Sergio Mielniczenko, host of a national radio program 30
called Sounds of Brazil, Simone talked about her work for the campaign of former Brazilian president Fernando Collor de Mello. "I am disenchanted with politics," she said. "Up to two years ago I was against everything and everybody, I bet on Collor. I like Lula (a former union leader who was an alsoran for the presidency in the latest election), but I don't like the radicalism of the PT (Workers' Party). For me to get the nerve and support Fernando Collor wasn't easy. Opposing Chico Buarque was a thing that killed me, but I had to be true to myself. I bet on Collor's ideas, on his ideas, not on the way they were executed. I am disenchanted with politics, but I'll never shut my mouth when the issue is social injustice. I think that politicians use the artist a lot, too much. The politicians don't do their job to govern for the people, with the people. They don't learn that or they don't want to learn that." Despite all this disillusionment she says that she loves Brazil and has no intention of leaving it. Simone's entry into the Latin market is not a result of her political disappointment. "I am a person who likes challenges, I want to try a career in the Latin American market singing in Spanish ... I like to sing and I think I can open new horizons in my life. The positive acceptance of her first work was the main reason behind Simone's decision to produce this time an extremely romantic album. The title track of La Distancia, a standard song by Roberto Carlos and Erasmo Carlos, is considered by some a classic romantic ballad. Simone has also included the special participation of Julio Iglesias in Brigas, composed by Jair Amorin and Evaldo Gouveia, reinforcing the album's romantic theme. "I am very romantic," she confesses. "I believe very much in love, very much. So why not tie the practical with the pleasurable?" The album has also the participation of Tom Jobim in the track Eu Set Que Vou Te Amur, composed by him and the late great poet Vinicius de Moraes. As for the American market, Simone has no plans for recording in English right now, but she leaves the door open, "If the opportunity arises for me to record blues, I'd do it." She is planning a tour throughout Latin America, and has no plans to sing here in the U.S.. So, all we can do now is to turn on the CD player, raise the volume and pop in La Distancia. NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
Cezar Sant'Ana
You hadn't heard the name Eduardo Dusek before? Then probably you haven't been to Brazil lately. The guy is hot, has an enormous sense of humor and is starting to shine here in the North.
laugh is a very healthy one. If you use humor you can say almost anything without causing anybody to have an ulcer." His humor is very well planned and Dusek makes sure it never gets to be low. "It's very easy to tell a low joke but it doesn't have any depth to it. I want people thinking and reflecting about the lyrics notiust having a quick laugh. "When the artist sings the opefa The Barber of Seville with 0 Teu Cabelo Neio Nega (a hymn to the Brazilian mulata) lyrics the audience roars. His show is so well structured that at that point the audience is relaxed and ready for anything he does. The stage is bare. On bass Roberto Goncalves, on drums Nivaldo Pupo and Dusek at the keyboard. His trademark broad smile captivates all. He starts with the funniest songs, continues with the not so mellow ones and ends with a Carnaval atmosphere, playing his own songs and some old Carnaval songs. A sure thing with any audience. The timing is perfect, this is a well-orchestrated show. "My shows are rehearsed over and over, even the parts that seem to be improvised were written. Very few things are improvised. I prepared this show for the American Tour," he reveals. "I knew that my audience was going to be 70% Brazilian and 30% American. I sing some songs in English. In New York the audience was basically all American and I had to speak English all the time. They loved it. They barked, screamed, kissed each other when I told them to do so." For the second time in less than five months Eduardo Dusek has toured the East Coast, going to New York and Florida. After 12 years, with six CD's, nine shows, five plays and some TV specials, for him his career is only beginning. •
TANIA MAHON, MIAMI is debut in 1980 with the music Nostradamus (a funny story about the apocalypse) was an imme iate hit, moving the singer from the Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo music underground to fame. Brazilian rock and roll was booming and Eduardo Dusek mixed it with MPB (traditional Brazilian music) and his corrosive humor about daily life. It was to be definitely the singer and composer's style. Dusek mixes politics and social mockery with romance, no-nonsense and Carnaval, a Brazilian salad influenced by Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil's Tropicalismo. Originally a stage composer and actor, his shows have a very strong theatrical flair, leading the audience to "see" and "live" his songs. Though his story-telling songs talk about the crude realities of fife, Dusek uses humor to tell us those stories. "My songs are funny," he says. "Like Brecht said, if you distance yourself and laugh about reality you are no longer tied to it." They are not protest songs either. Dusek also doesn't like sadness in his music. "To me, music is up, vibrant, to dance. I don't understand "down" music. I think they are beautiful, Billie Holiday, Maisa, but it's not my trip. Even Serra da Boa Esperanca (Mountain of the Good Hope), a potentially sad song, I sing it upbeat. Life is very good no matter what. One can always find laughter in pain. I don't like to suffer... Everything goes away... That's life... My
Hd
NEWS from BRAZIL-DECEMBER 1993
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TOURISM arand, one of the three southern Brazilian states, borders S'ao Paulo state on the North, Santa Catarina on the South, Paraguay and Argentina on the West, and the Atlantic ocean on the East. It is located about 300 km. south of the city of Sao Paulo. Driving to and through this enchanting state is an option you should highly consider. You may begin your trip in the coastal side, and then drive west, following the sun, to Foz de Iguacu (Iguacu Falls), Parana's most famous point. Another way to tour Parana is to fly directly to the Foz de Iguacu, and then drive east. Either way, traveling the Sun Route, part of the Pan American Highway System, will take you through some of the most exciting natural scenery of Brazil. Begin your itinerary in Parana's capital, the environmentally friendly Curitiba. With a predominantly young population of 1.5 million, this city has managed to grow in harmony with nature. Its residential areas are crowned with ipes roxos and amarelos (tulip flower trees with yellow or purple blossoms); its large public parks overflow with greenery; its beautiful rua das Flores, part of the shopping district, is exclusively used by pedestrians; its impeccable and awardwinning transportation system, and its well-managed urban planning has earned this city the fame of being one of Latin America's most enjoyable to live in. Here, your choices for cultural entertainment vary from the Guaira Theater, the largest in Latin America; the Cidade Universitaria (University City), with Universidade Federal do Parana, the oldest in Brazil; and the libraries, art galleries, and several museums where the local culture is shown. At the Santa Felicidade neighborhood you can enjoy a great variety of restaurants offering typical food, buy wicker crafts, and taste the local wine produced by the Portuguese and Italian colonies. From Curitiba to the coast is a mere 90 km. (56 miles) trip, but you can maximize your fun by taking the train from the Rodoferroviaria (Bus/railway station) to Paranagua. This is a first class railway built at
From the falls to the sea, a wonderland state
p
32
Wind-sculpted rock in Vila Velha
Insulated between its two more famous siblings, Sao Paulo and Santa Catarina, the state of Parana has been overlooked by the tourist. It's not just the big falls he will be missing, but also the big picture. ARIANE DALLA DEA
Said Eleanor Roosevelt, "Poor Niagara Falls'
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
the end of the 19th century, and highly respected by technicians worldwide because its construction was considered an impossible mission by British engineers. This breathtaking trip provides you with one of the most spectacular views of the Atlantic coast. And when on the coast, visit the cities of Antonina and Morretes, that, together with Paranagua, are monuments to a charming colonial architecture. After that, relax on the fascinating beaches of Ponta! do Sul, Praia de Leste, Matinhos, Caioba, and Guaratuba Take a boat trip to Ilha to Mel, where you can camp overnight for free, anywhere on the beach, and appreciate its untouched natural beauty. Now return to Curitiba via Graciosa highway, the original road built during the Brazil Empire, and be dazzled by its views. Driving west on the Sun Route, 70 km. (43 miles) from Curitiba, you'll find Vila Velha, located in the city of Ponta Grossa, with its phenomenal natural rock formation. Wind erosion has carved the most spectacular figures: goblet, boot, ship, lighthouse, bear, sphinx, gorilla, lion, and many other natural sculptures that give the impression that you are in some ancient and sacred place. On the way to Vila Velha, stop at Campo Largo, a center for ceramics, and enjoy the local art. Continue your sun trail driving about 160 km (100 miles) to the city of Guarapuava and unwind in the mineral springs resorts of Santa Clara, located in the middle of a forest preserve with unspoiled natural surroundings. Here you'll find the sulfurous water springs, swimming pools, bath houses, and some modern equipment for your relaxation and enjoyment. After getting your energy back, get on the road
and drive to Cascavel, 250 km. (155 miles) from Guarapuava. Cascavel is another example in Parana of modern growth in harmony with the environment, and it is your last stop before Foz do Iguaeu. The falls are the main attraction, of course. The highest point (80 meters - 260 feet), and its 275 falls, make Iguacu the climax of an adventure through nature and beauty. The falls are located in the Parque Nacional do Iguacu which has a rich tropical flora and fauna, and you can either visit it on a tour, or observe it from the top, in a helicopter, that is available several times daily. The one million
horse-power strength of this magnificent water wonder will stun you. It makes the Niagara falls look as Splash Mountain at Disneyland. The Iguacu river empties into the Parana river, where fishing is plentiful with bass up to 30 pounds, and it is just 25 km. (16 km) from the falls. You have the option now to just drop by at Paraguay or Argentina, or simply stay a little longer and take in a little bit more of this unforgettable natural marvel.
Curitiba-Paranagua railroad
COM Mt TOUR &TOM
• NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
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Vanda Lacerda and Rubens Correa in 0 Futuro
Alem da Vida - Author: Xico Xavier and Divaldo Franco (psychographed text), director: Augusto Cesar Vannucci, with Felipe Carone, Lea Bulcdo, and others. Como Encher um Biquini Selvagem The premiere was on 62 but this play written and directed by Miguel Falabella in its last revival continues to pack houses in Rio. Claudia Jimenez plays several characters adopting different accents in this monologue about life and psychotherapy. En/re Amigas - Author: Maria Duda, director: Cecil Third, with Regina Restelli and Nani Venancio Escola dos Amantes - Moliere play directed by Victor Villar. 0 Futuro Dura Muito Tempo - Based on the book by French philosopher Louis Althusser. Directed by Marcio Viana. 0 Livro de Jo - Bible's story adapted by Clara G6es with Leon Goes and Floriano Peixoto. A Ohscena Sra. D - From Hilda Hilst, directed by Eid Ribeiro, with Vera Fajardo, Rubens de Aranjo, Ana Prado and others. As Primicias- Written by Dias Gomes with songs by Guinga and Aldir Blanc. Performed by Bete Mendes and Suely Franco. 0 Ultimo Mambo - Written by Jodo Bethencourt, directed by Claudio Torres Gonzaga. Zumbi - Adaptation of Arena Conta Zumbi from Augusto Boal, Edu Lobo and Gianfrancesco Guarnieri. 34
American films just released: Trespass (Os Saqueadores), In the Line of Fire (Na Linha de Fogo), Rising Sun (Sol Nascente), Hard Target (0 Alvo), The Boy's Life (Despertar de urn Homem), The Music of Chance (Jogando corn a Sorte), The Dark Half (A Metade Negro), Cop and a Half (Um Tira e 1/2), Intent to Kill (Intencilo de Molar.), Folks (Um Homem a Beira de um Ataque de Nervos): Belle Epoque (Seduciio) - Spain/ France/Portugal - By Fernando Trueba. Coming of age of a youngster in the company of an old wiseman and his four daughters.
Le Antiche del Cuore (Amigas do Peito)- Italy - Friendship among three
NON-FICTION 1: A Sombra das Chuteiras Imortais - Nelson Rodrigues 2. Comando Vermelho Carlos Amorim
3. Vitoria C. Santos and N. Radames
4. Paratii: en/re dois polos Amyr Klink
5. Na Sala corn Danuza Danuza Ledo
6. Confissoes de Adolescente Maria Mariana
7. 0 Cidaddo de Pape! Gilberto Dimenstein
8. Shifaizfavore Mario Prata
10. Martha Rocha Org. Issa Pessoa
girlfriends who live on a Rome neighborhood. Directed by Michele Placido.
Les Aimants de Pont Neuf (Os Amantes de Pont Neuf) - France- Directed by'Leos Carax. A fire eater and a rich girl live an extraordinary romance at the oldest bridge in Paris.
FICTION I. Agosto Rubem Fonseca
2. A Coroa de Orquideas Nelson Rodrigues
3. Xamd
Un Coeur en Hiver (Um Coracelo no Inverno) - France - By Claude Sautet.
Noah Gordon
The friendship between Maxime and Stephanie is strained when a young pianist enters their life.
Jose Saramango
Un Lugar en el Mundo (Um Lugar no Mundo) - Argentine - Directed by Adolfo Aristarain. A man comes back to the places that filled up his childhood with joy and adventure.
Younger & Younger (Escrito nas Estrelas) - Germany - Director: Percy Adlon. After having lost his wife, executive falls again in love with her.
4. In Nomine Dei 5. Dossie Pelicano John Grisham
6. Doze Contos Peregrinos Gabriel Garcia Marquez
7. 0 Cavaleiro Inexistente Italo Calvino
8. Sem Pecado Ana Miranda
9. Recomecos Danielle Steel
10. A Firma John Grisham NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
MIAMI'S RIO
THREE BY BRAZILIANS Three of the most gifted contemporary Brazilian playwrights have been published in the U.S. in a bilingual edition no less. They are Plinio Marcos (Dois Perdidos Numa Nolte Stift' Two Lost in a Filthy Night), Leilah Assuncao (Boca Molhada de Paixiio Calada - Moist Lips, Quiet Passion) and Consuelo de Castro (Aviso Previo - Walking Papers). Responsible for the exploit is Host Publication, a small publisher from Austin, Texas, that has just issued a series of essays on the Portuguesespeaking world, entitled Homenagem a Alexandrino Severino. Severino was a scholar at Vanderbilt University's Portuguese department. Host Publications phone is (800) 637-2256.
THE REAL THING Tired of the sanitized eco-tourism most companies are offering nowadays? Global Exchange, a San Francisco-based concern promises what it calls "Reality Tours" throughout Brazil. Participants of these tours, that will start in 1994, will have a chance to visit remote towns and talk to common people and union leaders about themes like the destruction of the rainforest and agrarian reform. Global Exchange can be reached at 2017 Mission St. #303 - San Francisco, CA 94110. Tel.:(415)255-7498. NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
From the same people who brought us world-renowned showOba-Oba comes now Scala Miami. That's the same Scala that in Rio has been a hotspot famous for a Follies-Bergere style show since its opening 10 years ago. In its American incarnation the club is featuring a talented 35 member cast, lavishly dressed, who sing and dance from Bossa Nova to Lambada, and even has a Samba Lesson, during which the audience is invited to participate. Scala Miami has opened its doors October 27 with the show Rio Ecstasy. The production is emceed by Marta Sargentelli, who has toured the world with Oba-Oba, and presents the show in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Scala Miami, an investment of $1 million, seats 700. The pub-
lic can eat at the adjoining Scala Grill before or after the six-times a week show. The new club is located in the Four Ambassadors Towers. For reservations or information call (305) 381-6522 or (800)55-SCALA. •
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213 255-8062 NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
calendar - 'december 93 - miami
SUNDAY 5 1:30 pm -5:30 pm -Live Brazilian Music at Marina Stage on Bayside 7:00 pm - 10:00 pm - Jesse Pessoa, Brazilian harpist at La Petit Maison 7:30 pm -12:00 am -Banda "R" at lpanema Grill 8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian
LOOK THURSDAY 2 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
FRIDAY 10 LOOK FRIDAY 3 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
SATURDAY 11 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila
7:30 pm - 12:00 am - Banda "R" at lpanema Grill 8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian Band & Dance Show at Copacabana 8:00 pm - 12:00 am - Erica
Norimar&Brazilian Explosion at Lombardi's
8:00 pm & 11 pm- Samba Brazil Dance Show at Ipanema Grill 8:30 pm &11:30 pm - Samba, Lambada, Capoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 1:00 am - Pagode at Miami Beach Pizza 10:30 .m- Rio Ecstas !at Scala
LOOK SUNDAY 5 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
SITES & PHONES
La Petit Maison - 366 E. Palmetto Pk. Rd.- Boca Raton (407) 750-7483 Lombardi's Restaurant - Bayside Marketplace - Downtown Miami -(305) 381-9580 Mango's Tropical Café - 900 Ocean Dr. - Miami Beach (305) 673-4422 Miami Beach Pizza-6954 Collins Ave. - Miami Beach (305) 866-8661 Scala Miami - 905 S. 13ayshore Dr. - Miami - (305) 371-5604
Brazilian Tropicana Restaurant -410 N. Federal Hwy - Pompano Beach- (305) 781-1113 Copacabana - 3430 E. Atlantic BI.- Pompano Beach (305) 941-2751 Hotel Vila - 5959 SW 71St St. Miami Ipanema Grill- 1771 Coral Way Coral Gables - (305) 285-4777
SATURDAY 18 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila
7:30 pm - 12:00 am - Banda "R" at Ipanema Grill 8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian Band & Dance Show at Copacabana
8:00 pm - 12:00 am - Erica Norimar&Brazilian Explosion at Lombardi's
8:00 pm & 11 pm- Samba Brazil
8:00 pm & 11 pm- Samba Brazil Dance Show at lpanema Grill 8:30 pm &11:30 pm - Samba, Lambada, Capoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 1:00 am - Pagode at Miami Beach Pizza 10:30 .m- Rio Ecstas !at Scala
SUNDAY 26 LOOK SUNDAYS FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
MONDAY 27 9:30 pm - 1:30 am - Erica Norimar & Brazilian Explosion
TUESDAY 28 LOOK TUESDAY 7 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
SUNDAY 19
LOOK THURSDAY 2 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
MONDAY 20 9:30 pm - 1:30 am - Erica Norimar & Brazilian Explosion at Man.o s
TUESDAY 21 LOOK TUESDAY 7 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
WEDNESDA 22 LOOK WEDNESDAY 1 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
WEDNESDAY 29 LOOK WEDNESDAY 1 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
THURSDAY 30 FRIDAY 31
NEWS from BRAZIL- DECEMBER 1993
J •
9:00 pm - Reveillon Party at Ipanema Grill 9:00 pm - Reveillon Party at Copacabana 9:00 pm -Reveillon Party at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm -Reveillon w/Erica Nori-
mar & Braz. Explosion Band 9:00 pm - Reveillon Party at Mango's
9:00 pm - Reveillon Party at Scala 10:00 pm - Frevo Reveillon at Miami Beach Pizza
NEWS'RomBRAZIL IN MIAMI Your contact for news, Calendar, That's Brazilian, and ads is ania
La•olu!.1 - p u oi -
at Man o's
Dance Show at lpanema Grill 8:30 pm &11:30 pm - Samba, Lambada, Capoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 1:00 am - Pagode at Miami Beach Pizza 10:30 .m- Rio Ecstas I at Scala
LOOK SUNDAY 5 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
-
at Lombardi's
• . •ii
FRIDAY 17 LOOK SUNDAY 5 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
8:00 pm - 12:00 am - Erica Norimar&Brazilian Explosion
SUNDAY 12
Brazilian Delight - 154 SE I st Ave. - Downtown Miami (305) 374-0032
LOOK THURSDAY 2 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian Band & Dance Show at Copacabana
, - 42 •
THURSDAY 9
THURSDAY 16
7:30 pm -12:00 am - Banda "R" at Ipanema Grill
•
WEDNESDAY 8 LOOK WEDNESDAY 1 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
WEDNESDAY 15 LOOK WEDNESDAY 1 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
Menu at Hotel Vila
7
7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm -12:00 am - Banda "R" at Ipanema Grill 8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian Band & Dance Show at Copacabana 8:00 pm - 12:00 am - Erica Norimar&Brazilian Explosion at Lombardi's 8:00 pm & 11 pm-Samba Brazil Dance Show at lpanema Grill 8:30 pm &11:30 pm - Samba, Lambada, Capoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 1:00 am - Pagoda at Miami Beach Pizza 10:30 • m- Rio Ecstas IätScala
7:00 pm - 10:00 pm - Jesse Pessoa, the Brazilian harpist at La Petit Maison 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm - 12:00 am - Banda "R"at lpanema Grill 9:30 pm - 1:30 am - Erica Norimar & Brazilian Explosion at Man•o's
TUESDAY 14 LOOK TUESDAY 7 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
SATURDAY 25 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical -
It. 7 •1
SATURDAY 4
TUESDAY 7
at Maneo's
•1 1.-
7:00 pm -10 pm-Jesse Pessoa, Brazilian harpist at La Petit Maison 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - 'Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm -12:00 am -Banda "R" at lpanema Grill 8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian Band and Dance Show at Copacabana 8:30 pm &11:30 pm - Samba, Lambada, Capoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 2:00 am - Pagoda at Brazilian Delight 10:30 • m- Rio Ecstas lat Scala
9:30 pm - 1:30 am - Erica Norlmar & Brazilian Explosion at Man•o's
9:30 pm - 1:30 am - Erica Norimar & Brazilian Explosion
FRIDAY 24 LOOK SUNDAY 5 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
•
FRIDAY 3
MONDAY 6
MONDAY 13
.1
7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm -12:00 am -Banda "R" at Ipanema Grill 8:00 pm - 1:00 am - Brazilian Band and Dance Show at Copacabana 8:30 pm - Samba, Lambada, Capoeira, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 8:30 • m- Rio Ecstas lat Scala
Band & Dance Show at Copacabana 9:00 pm - Samba Brazil Dance Show at lpanema Grill 8:30 pm - Samba, Lambada, Capoelra, Malandro Show at Brazilian Tropicana 9:00 pm - 1:00 am - Pagode at Miami Beach Pizza
THURSDAY 23 LOOK THURSDAY 2 FOR SHOWS THAT REPEAT
gi
THURSDAY 2
Shows that repeat every week at the same time and location are shaded gray.
• •. .
WEDNESDAY 1 7:00 pm & 9:00 pm - Musical Menu at Hotel Vila 7:30 pm - 12:00 am - Banda "R"at I • anema Grill
illafzon Cj
(305) 566-7467 37
ax your a e ndar info to (213) 257-3487, ma il to P.O. Box 42536 L.A., CA 90050 or ca ll 213255-8062. Dea dline: the 20th
calendar - december 93 - los angeles WEDNESDAY 1 8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrument') at Zabumba
THURSDAY 2 9:00 pm & 11:00 pm - Brazilian Music, Arts & Dance Festival featuring Ana Gazzola & Brazil Sound Dance at Tampico 9:00 pm - 12:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba
RADIO & TV Sounds of Brazil - Every Thursday, 9:30 am - 11 am, KPFK, 90.7 FM with Sergio Mielniczenko Brazilian Hour -Every Saturday and Sunday, 9 00 am- 10 am, KXLU, 88.9 FM with Sergio Mielniczenko Brazilian Scenes -Every Wednesday, 7:30 pm - Channels 3, 37, 52, 61 - Public Access Views of Brazil - Fridays 12 Noon - Century Cable Ch 3 Sundays 1 pm - Continental Cable Ch 37 / Mondays 9 pm Continental Cable Ch 37 / Thursdays 6 pm - United Artists Cable Ch 25 / Sundays 10 pm - CV! Cable Ch 27
SATURDAY 4
SATURDAY 11 8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelacao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Eliana Estevao at La Ve Lee
MONDAY 13 8:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Baked Potato
8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelacao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Eliana Estevao at La Ve Lee 10:00 pm - 1:00 am - Katia Moraes & Trio at The Amazon
8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrument') at Zabumba
MONDAY 6
THURSDAY 16
8:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Baked Potato
WEDNESDAY 8 8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrument!) at Zabumba
THURSDAY 9 9:00 pm & 11:00 pm - Brazilian Music, Arts & Dance Festival featuring S6nia Santos & Obathala Ba nd at Tampico 9:00 pm - 12:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba
FRIDAY 24 5:30 pm - 9:30 pm - Brazilian Jazz at Grand Avenue Bar 8:30 pm - 1:00 - Kleber Jorge Trio at Zabumba 9:00 -Pagode with Banda Constelagao & MILA at Café Danssa
SATURDAY 25
FRIDAY 3 5:30 pm - 9:30 pm - Brazilian Jazz at Grand Avenue Bar 8:30 pm - 1:00 - Kleber Jorge Trio at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Pagode with Banda Constelagao& MILA (Mocidade lndependente de L.A.) at Café Danssa
9:00 pm - Sepultura at The Hollywood Palladium - Charge line (213)480-3232
WEDNESDAY 15
9:00 pm & 11:00 pm- Brazilian Music, Arts & Dance Festival featuring Ana Gazzola & Brazil Sound Dance at Tampico 9:00 pm - 12:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba
FRIDAY 17 5:30 pm - 9:30 pm - Brazilian Jazz at Grand Avenue Bar
8:30 pm - 1:00 - Kleber Jorge Trio at Zabumba 9:00 -Pagode with Banda Constelacao & MILA at Café Danssa
8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelacao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba
SATURDAY 18
11:30 a.m - Octavio Baily at Windows Call (213)462-7121
8:30 pm - 2:00 am - Banda Constelagao presents Samba/ Pagode at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Eliana Estevao at La Ve Lee 9:30 pm - 1:00 am - Katia Moraes & The Rio Thing at St Marks - 23 Windward Ave., Venice, (310)452-2222
MONDAY 20 8:00 pm - Brazilian Music at Baked Potato
WEDNESDAY 22 8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrument') at Zabumba
THURSDAY 23 9:00 pm - 12:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba
SUNDAY 26
8:#0
MONDAY 27
pm :razi an USIC at Baked Potato 9:00 pm - 1:00 am - Feijoada Completa featuring Katia Moraes at St Marks - 23 Windward Ave., Venice, (310) 4522222
TUESDAY 28 8:00 pm - Feijoada Com pieta Orchestra with Katia Moraesat Moonlight Tango
WEDNESDAY 29 8:30 pm -12:00 am - Brazilian party (Bring your instrumenti) at Zabumba
THURSDAY 30 9:00 pm & 11:00 pm- Brazilian Music, Arts & Dance Festival featuring Sonia Santos & Obathala Band at Tampico 9:00 pm - 12:00 am - Axe, the Brazilian Jazz Ensemble at Zabumba
FRIDAY 10
FRIDAY 31
5:30 pm - 9:30 pm - Brazilian Jazz at Grand Avenue Bar 8:30 pm - 1:00 - Kleber Jorge Trio at Zabumba 9:00 pm - Pagoda with Banda Constelacao & Mila at Cafe Danssa 9:00 pm - Freddie Ravel at La Ve Lee
8:00 pm - Reveillon Party presented by Clube Brasileiro da California. 1442 W. Collins Ave Orange - (714) 857-6764 9:00 pm - New Year's Eve Show with Bill Cantos at Le Café
L: Alice's - 1043 Westwood Blvd. Westwood - (310) 208-3171 Amazon - 14649 Ventura BI. Sh. Oaks - (818) 986-7502 Atlas -3760 Wilshire Blvd.- Los Angeles -(213) 380-8400 Baked Potato - 3787 Cahuenga N. Hollywood - (818) 980-1615 Brazilian Music Center - 6226 Sta Monica BI. (213) 467-5715 Cafe Danssa -11533 W. Pico BI. West L.A.- (310) 305-8387 38
Catalina Bar & Grill - 1640 N. Cahuenga BI. (213) 466-2210 Coffee Emporium - 4325 Glencon Ave.-Marina-(310) 823-4446 Fais-Do-Do - 5257 W. Adams L.A. -(213) 932-9034 Grand Ave. Bar -Biltmore -506 S. Grand Av(213) 612-1595 Kafe Kafka -6069 W. Sunset BI -Hollywood - (213) 464-3938 La Ve Lee- 12514 Ventura BI.Studio City - (818) 980-8158
Le Cafe -14633 Ventura BI. - Sh. Oaks - (818) 986-2662 Lunaria - 10351 Santa Monica 131.. - W. L.A. - : (213) 282-8870 Moonlight Tango - 13730 Ventura - S.0.-(818) 788-2000 Nucleus Nuance- 7267 Melrose Ave. - (213) 939-8666 Pedro's Grill -1739N. Vermont, L.A. -(213) 660-9472 Stein on Vine - 848 N. Vine St. Hollywood -(213) 465-4762
Tilly's- Wilshire at I I th St. Santa Monica - (310) 451-1769 Truly Yours -18588 Ventura BI - Tarzana -(818) 996-3131 Venice Bistro - 323 Ocean Ft Walk, Venice, (213) 392-3997 Vine Street - 1610 Vine St. 11ollywood -(213) 463-4375 Waterfront Café -205 Ocean F. Walk,Venice-(310) 392-0322 Zabumba -10717 Venice Blvd Culver City - (310) 841-6525
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
THURSDAY 2
8:00 pm - Doug Gittins playing Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Viola° & Amigos at Nino's 8:00 pm - Benefit party for Janaina Santos with Bay Area top Brazilian bands and dancers at Bahia Tropical
ED E D
RADIO Canta, Brasil -Every Sunday, 6:00 pm - 8:00 pm - KKUP, 91.5 FM, with Xuxu, Maria Jose and David Heyman Agora Brasil -Every Saturday, 3:00 pm - 4:00 pm, KPFA, 94.0 FM with Elvira Cola and Eric Taller Tropicana Brasiliana - Every Friday, 8:00 - 9:00 pm, KUSF, 90.3 with Raimundo Franco, in English & Portug. Brasileirinho - Every Wednesday, 9.30 pm, KZSC, 88.1 FM with Renato Frota
6:00 pm - 11:00 pm - Claudio Bebiano & Friends playing Pagodinho at Café Mardi Gras 6:00 pm - Doug Gittans playing Bossa Nova at Chambord
THURSDAY 23
8:00 pm - Doug Gittins paying Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Viola() & Amigos at Nino's 11111117TUMMEI
— 7:00 pm -Lisa SilvawithMarcos Silva at Aioli
IDAY 3
7:00 pm -Lisa Silvawith Marcos Silva at Aioli 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, violdo e amigos at Bahia Restaurant
•.
Celebration featuring Fogo na Roupa at Bahia Tropical
SATURDAY 4
Eli*immin:11111
10:00 am - 5:00 pm - Roberto Rivelinoin Soccer Blast U.S.A., at Pier 35 (San Francisco). Info: 1(800) BLAST 93 8:00 pm - Mestre Beicola & Rio Show at Alberto's 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, violdo e amigos at Bahia Restaurant 9:00 pm - Voz do Brasil with Dance Show Case at Bahia Tropical
9:00 pm -Viva Brasil at Gordon Biersch (2 Harrison St.)
WEDNESDAY 29
.11 pm • pm - !audio Bebiano & Friends playing Pagodinho at Café Mardi Gras 6:00 pm - Doug Gittans playing Bossa Nova at Chambord
THURSDAY 30
ti pm - Doug ittins paying Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Viola° & Amigos at Nino's
MONDAY 6
8:00 pm - Viva Brasil with Batucaje at Yoshi's
WEDNESDAY 8
6:00 pm - 11:00 pm - Claudio Bebiano & Friends playing Pagodinho at Café Mardi Gras
MI I: zsi BMW= 8:00 pm - Doug Gittins playing Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Viola° & Amigos at Nino's
.1111F1 RIVEMII 7:00 pm - Lisa Silvawith Marcos Silva at Aioli 8:00 pm - Claudia Gomes at Bahia Restaurant
SATURDAY 11
8:00 pm -Marcos Santos Band at Alberto's 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, viola() e amigos at Bahia Restaurant 9:00 pm -Viva Brasilwith Dance Show Case at Bahia Tropical 10:00 pm - Rio Show Band presenting Samba & Pagode at Nino's
SATURDAY 25 pm -:razi Ian hristmas
SUNDAY 12
6:00 pm - FBC/Bay Area Brazilian Club presents Christmas Party at Café do Brasil. Reservations: (415) 334-0106
WEDNESDAY 15
6:00 pm - 11:00 pm - Claudio Bebiano & Friends playing Pagodinho at Café Mardi Gras 6:00 pm - Doug Gittans playing Bossa Nova at Chambord
THURSDAY 16
8:00 pm - Doug Gittins playing Bossa Nova at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, Viola() & Amigos at Nino's
SATURDAY 18
8:00 pm - Viva Brasil, Ginga Brasil, Pete Escovedoin a Benefit for the Homeless at the S.F. Civic Auditorium (Civic Center Square) 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, viola° e amigos at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Samba Pagode at Alberto's 9:00 pm - Marcos Santos Band with Dance Show Case at Bahia Tropical
SUNDAY 19 9:00 pm - Systems Collapse & Brazilian rockat Bahia Tropical
FRIDAY 31
8:00 pm - FB /Bay Area :razilian Club presents New Years Party at the Marriot Hotel (San Francisco). Reservations: (415) 334-0106 8:00 pm - Carlos Henrique, viola() and friends at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm - Voz do Brasil with Lisa Silva at Alberto's 9:00 pm - Viva Brasil, Ginga Brasil, Pride &Joyand others at the Hyatt Regency Hotel (Embarcadero) 9:00 pm - Reveillon featuring Brazilian music at Bahia Tropical 10:00 pm - Reveillon featuring Rio Show Band at Nino's
FRIDAY 17
7:00 pm - Lisa ilvawit Marcos Silva at Aioli 8:00 pm - Claudia Gomes at Bahia Restaurant 8:00 pm-Viva BrasilwithGinga Brasilin a Benefit for the Homeless at Center for the Arts (701 Mission St.)
NEWSkomBPAZIL 131
SITES & PHONES Alberto's - 736 W. Dana St., Mtn View, (415) 968-3007 Aioli - 469 Bush Street San Francisco- (415)2490900 Bahia - 41 Franklin St. - S. Francisco (415) 626-3306 Bahia Tropical - 1600 Market St. - San Francisco (415) 861-8657 Brazil Cult. & Arts - 659 S. 22nd St. - (510) 215-8202
Cafe do Brasil . - 104 7th St S. Francisco(415) 626-6434 Cafe Mardi Gras - 50 13rad„ St. - San Francisco (415) 864-6788 Chambord - 152 Kearney St. S. Francisco (415) 434-3688 Nino's - 1916 Martin L. King Jr., Berkeley (510) 845-9303 The Ramp -855 China Basin San Francisco (415) 621-2378 Yoshi's -6030 Claremont Ave. Oakland (510) 652-9200
NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
SAN FRANCISCO Your contact for news, Calendar, That's Brazilian, and ads is
9EtipE, (415) 648-5966 39
LIDIMMILLI1111141tok11111-ita)
WEDNESDAY 1
6:00 pm - 11:00 pm - Claudio Bebiano & Friends playing Pagodinho at Café Mardi Gras
— 9£9 ZS, 09 0d0/ pew`2.8K-L9Z(£1Z )oz ow! mpueleo ino xe I
calendar - december 93 - s. francisco
Los Angeles Area Airlines \Twig (800)G0 VARIG Vasp (310)364-0160 Arts & Crafts Bakari Art Studio (213)938-0523 Folk Creations (310)693-2844 New Wing Arts & Gifts (818)247-4790 Uniquely Brazil - Folk (818)458-1474 Rio to Babylon (213 653-4948 Automobile Hello Lima - Ford (213)663-9999 Banks Banco do Brasil (213)688-2996 11.1111Maralin Joy's Catering (310)438-3415 Remi Vila Real (818)280-0061 Clothes Lincoln Sports Apparel (310)396-3359 Samba (310)983-9190 Clubs & Associations Clube Bras. do Calif. (714)857-6764 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (213)651-2664 Dentists Gilberto Henriques (213)464-0524 Jose Carlos D. Polido (714)642-0112 Events Promotion Brazilian Nites Prod. (818)760-4600 Pegasus Kids Parties (818)551-1982 Taquinho Promotions (310)281-6950 The Rio Thing (818 753-4932 Food & Bevera • es Mr. Pancho Market (818)787-8737 Hair Gigi's (310)273-0851 Health Homeopathy - Gobetti ilar ni ti =m Brasil Brasil Cult. Ctr (310)840-2794 Brazilian Music Ctr. (213)467-5715 Chess w/ Master Frank (310)841-2025 Dance Classes - Rita (310)842-9647 Modern Lang. Center (310)839-8427 Vivian - Portuguese (213)474-3020
Insurance State Farm -Gloria (310)827-9003 Legal Aron Hasson 11 101/516= 477.60.0 Bossa Nova - Georgia (818)891-0912 Piano/Flute- Vera (310)559-7347 Jazz -Richard Samuels (818 798-5424 Fogo e Paixiio (213)467-6944 Mo ne Remittance Vigo-California (619)479-VIGO Ps chotherapy Elizabeth Almeida (310)281-7536 Publications News from Brazil (213)255-4953 Brazilian Courier (213)255-8062 Restaurants &hist Nova (310)657-5070 Brazilian Tropical (714)720-1522 By Brazil (310)787-7520 Café Brasil (310)837-8957 Dee Dee Diner (310)478-1650 Lulu's Alibi (310)479-6007 Pan Handler (714)970-5826 Yolie's Brazilian Steak (714)251-0722 Zabumba (310)841-6525 Translation/Inter Brazilian Ini Affairs (310)854-5881 Latitude Tr. & Interpr. (310)477-0210 Tocantins Communic. (818)343-4451 Verdiblue Tr. & I nterp. (213)255-8062 Travel A . encies Around the World Trs (619)722-4444 Avila Tours& Travel (909)695-0630 Brazil Tours (818)767-1200 Braz.-American Travel (310)670-9347 Cheviot Hills Travel (310)202-6264 Dynasty Tours (818)845-5757 Ipanema Tours (800)445-3343 South Star Tours (310)416-1001 Sou thwinds (310)568-8426 Vaneyde's - San Diego (619)233-6514 Yes Brazil (310)670-0734 Video Zuruk Video (310)450-0906
Miami Area Accountants pf&co - cpas (305)4.44-8333 Transbrasil (800)872-3153 Varig (800)468-2744 Vasp (800)732-8277 Banks Banco do Brasil (305)358-3586 Banco Banorte (305)577-0472 Banco Boavista (305)530-9057 Banco Nacional (305) 372-0100 Banco Real (305)358-2433 Banespa (305)358-9167 Clothes & Shoes Rio C nectiOn (305)358-4543 Clubs & Associations ABFC -As. Bras. da Flor. (407)354-5200 Cam. Corn. Brasil- EUA (305)579-9030 PARA - Paraenses As. (813)842-3161 Consulate Consulado do Brasil (305)285-6200 Dentists Arnaldo Souza (305)595-3238 Hedimo de Si (305)262-8212 Export & Import L&V T rode Corp. (305)374-0757 Food & Beverages All Braz. Imp. & Exp. (305)523-8134 Via Brasil (305)866-7718 Vigo Travel (305)942-8446 Instruction Anglo Am. Schools (800)683-ANGLO Sylvio's Drivg School (305) 865-7770 Insurance MONYMiami (305)477-6669 Physicians Dr. Jorge Macedo (305)271-7311 Dr. Mario Sanches (305)541-7819 Dr. Neri Franzon (305)772-4694 Printing Image Printing Center (305)539-1438 Publications Brazilian Courier (305)377-1223 Florida Review (305)374-5235 News from Brazil (305 537-3166 Integral Investments
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(305)358-3655 Restaurants Brazilian Tropicana (305)781-1113 Brazilian Delight (305)374-0032 Brazilian Pie (305)866-1001 Cheese Bread House (305)443-5358 Gula Gula (305)532-3636
somenmegom Code 1 (305)375-0396 U.S. Arms Corp (305)371-6844 Travel Agencies Atlantictur (800)535-0942 Brazilian Wave (305)561-3788 BTB Tours (800)BEASIL-4 Discover Brazil Tours (800)524-3666 Euroamerica (305)358-3003 International Tours (800)822-1318 Loma Travel (305)374-8635 Monark Travel (305)374-5855 New Port Tours (305)372-5007 Venture Travel (305)379-7678 Via Brasil Travel (305)866-7580
New York New Jersey Advertisin. Lusus Mktg. & Adv. (212)391-2424 Clubs 8, Associations Brazilian Ch. of Corn. (212)575-9030 Brazilian Corn. Bureau (212)916-3200 Brazilian Trade Bur. (212)224.6280 Consulate Brazilian Gen. Cons. (212)916-3200 Food & Products Amazonia (718)204-1521 Coisa Nossa (201)578-2675 Merchant Express 201)589-5884 Publications Brazilian Voice (201)955-1137 Folha do Brasil (212)869-7022 News from Brazil (212)391-2424 Portugal-Brasil News (212)228-2958 The Brasilians (212)382-1630 Restaurants Brasilia (212)869-9200 Brazil 2000 (212)877-7730
Brazilian Pavillion X212)758-8129 Cabana Carioca (212)581-8088 Indigo Blues (212)221-0033 S.O.B. 212 243-4940 Travel Agencies Barb Tour Service (201)313-0996 Basbrasil (800)422-2200 Cooperativa Brasil ' (212)391-2424 International Sand fly (718)699-2900 Latin Amer. Travel Ctr (800)528-4681 MysticalDestinations (718)956-1630 Nascente Travel (718)545-0608 Odyssea Travel Service (212)826-3019 Santos Dumont mt. (212)764-5680
San Francisco Bay Area Airlines yang (415)986-5737 Vasp (800)732-VASP Auto Repair Nelson Auto Repair (415)673-6868 FMC Autobody Col. (510)687-1900 Banks Banco do Brasil (415)398-4814 Beaut Salon Bib ho (415)421-BIBO Caterin. Canto do Brasil 015)626-8727 Clubs Brazilian-American Social Organization (415)661-2788 The Bay Area Brasilian Club (415)334-0106 Corn. uter Micronet (415)665-1994 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (415)981-8170 Costume Desi. ner Ales Saporetti (415)863-3651 Dental Care Roberto Sales, DDS (510)451-8315 Electronics Mobile Auto Radio (510)798-0711 Events Promotion Celia Malheiros (415)664-5481 Felltidade Magia Prom. (415)648-5966
Marcos Santos/Climat. (415)585-8312 Voz do Brazil (415)586.2276 Food Emporio Brasileiro (415)742-9922 Instruction Brazil Culture & Arts (510)428-0698 Portuguese -A. Frame (510)339-9289 Portuguese Lang. Serv. (415)587-4990 Music & Dance Aquarela (510)548-1310 Ginga Brasil (510)428-0698 Musical Instruments Do Brazil - Imports (415)252-8865 Printin. M. C. Printing (510)268-8967 Publications News from Brazil (415)742-9922 Restaurants Bahia Brazilian Rest. (415)626-3306 Café do Brasil (415)626-6432 Café Mardi Gras (415)864-6788 Chambord (415)434-3688 De Paula's Rest. e Pizza (415)346-9928 Eunice's Braz. Cuisine (415)821-4600 Golden City Pizza (415)864-1411 Little Rio (415)441-3344 Michelangelo Café (415)986-4058 Mozzarela di Bufala Pizzeria (415)346-9888 Nino's (510)845-9303 Papa's (415)292-7272 Translation Portuguese Lang. Services (415)587-4990 Travel A • encies I Stop Travel (510)482-2500 Editours (415)788-3388 Fiesta Travel (415)986-1134 Travel America s (415)434-0404 Rio Roma (415)921-3353 Santini Tours (510)843-2363 Savoir Travel (408)246-3617 Sugar Loaf (415)863-1212 Top of the Hill (415)756-1400 Travel Americas (415)434-0404 Winship Travel (415)863-2717
NEWS from BRAZI L - DECEMBER 1993
Tire vantagem do "jeitinho brasileiro".
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1994 IMMIGRANT "GREEN CARD" LOTTERY The United States will be giving out 55,000 Immigrant Visas ("Green Cards") for 1994 in a random drawing in the coming months. People born in Brazil are eligible. The primary requirement is that a person have at least a high school diploma. For free information regarding this program call or write:
The Law Offices of Aron Hasson 10850 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 750 Los Angeles, California 90024 Telephone (310)475-4779 NEWS from BRAZIL- DECEMBER 1993
GILBERTO HENRIQUES, D.D.S.
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NEWS from BRAZIL - DECEMBER 1993
Speak Portuguese like a Diplomat!
What sort of people need to learn a foreign language as quickly and effectively as possible? Foreign Service personnel, that's who. Members of the United States diplomatic corps are assigned to embassies abroad, where they must be able to converse fluently in every situation. Now you can learn to speak Brazilian Portuguese just as these diplomatic personnel do — with the Foreign Service Institute's Programmatic Portuguese Course. Tens of thousands of dollars were spent by the United States government in developing this course. It's by far the most effective way to learn Portuguese at your own convenience and at your own pace. The Programmatic Portuguese Course consists of a series of tape cassettes and an accompanying textbook. You simply follow the spoken and written instructions, listening and repeating. By the end of the course, you'll find yourself learning and speaking entirely in Portuguese! This course turns your cassette player into a "teaching machine." With its unique "programmatic" learning method, you set your own pace — testing yourself, correcting errors, reinforcing accurate responses. This Programmatic Course comes in two volumes, each shipped in a handsome library binder. Order either or save 10% by ordering both: Basic Portuguese Vol. 1. 16 cassettes (19 hr.), 783-p. text, $195. 0 Intermediate Portuguese Vol. 2. 18 cassettes (16 hr.), 618-p. text, $245. (CT residents add sales tax.)
BUDIO.FORLJITe THE LANGUAGE SOURCE
1972-1993 • Our 21 st year. ------Suite P501, 96 Broad St., Guilford, CT 06437 (203) 453-9794 • Fax (203) 453-9774
The Foreign Service Institute's Portuguese course is unconditionally guaranteed. Try it for three weeks. If you're not convinced it's the fastest, easiest, most painless way to learn Portuguese, return it and we'll refund every penny you paid. Order today! 230 courses in 79 other languages also available. Write us for free catalog. Our 21st year. ORDER BY PHONE, CALL 1-800-243-1234. Or fill out coupon below and send to:
BUDICI.FCIRLPIlf Suite P501, 96 Broad Street, Guilford, CT 06437 YES! I want to speak Portuguese like a diplomat. Rush me the course volumes I've checked below. E Vol. II: Intermediate E Vol. I: Basic (CT residents add sales tax.) I understand that if I'm not completely satisfied, I may return the course materials within three weeks and receive a full refund. Name Apt. #
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Method of Payment: E Enclosed is my check or money order, for $ Charge to my credit card: LI VISA 11] MasterCard El AmEx LI Diners Club Carte Blanche E Discover Card Card # Signature
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BRAZIL CARNAVAL '94 PRESENTED BY
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