Brazzil - Year 3 - Number 71 - March 1-15 1992

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Year 3 - No. 71 - March 1-15, 1992

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Deu na teve. Maria das Gracas Meneghel apareceu em um segmento d o programa americano A Current Affair almocando em um restaurante de Manhattan e entan passeando pelas ruas de Nova York corn John F. Kennedy Jr.. Meneghel, naturalmente, e ma is conhecida como Xuxa e Junior nao ĂŠ outro que o filho do ex-presidente ianque. Confidenciou uma amiga de Xuxa, em Nova York "encontrar corn Kennedy era um velho sonho dela".

Marlene Ma ttos, a empresaria d a bras ileira, afirmouque era provavel que John passasse o Carnaval no Rio corn Xuxa, concluindo corn o desgastado "eles sao apenas bons amigos".

& CIA

ROCK MACABRO

Desesperad a para encontrar um bode expiatorio para o vexamedaselecaopreolimpica de futebol, a CBF (ConfederacaoBrasileirade Futebol) botou o tecnico Ernesto Paulo no olho da rua, antes mesmo que se fizesse qualquer avaliacao oficialsobre sua atuacao em Assuncao. A imprensausou todos os sinonimos da palavra humilhacao para descrever ocorte prematuro dos brasileiros a pretensties a uma medalha futebolistica na Jogos Olimpicos de Barcelona, este ano. Como grande parte dos jogadores brasileiros, Ernesto Paulo esta a procura de trabalho.

Quanto mais longe do Brasil melhor, diz ele.

O que o coveiro queria corn aqueles quatro cranios escondidos dentro do saco? Quando os vizinhos do mineiro de Belo, Francisco Salles Jr., fizeram a descoberta inusitada, eles se comunicaram imediatamente corn a policia. Na delegacia, Francisco explicou que sO estava a fim de fazer uma graninha a mais, uma vez que sua situacao como a da maior parte dos brasileiros andava pela hora da morte. Ele pretend ia envernizar as cabecas e transforma-las em lustres pra "abrilhantar" os concertos de uma banda de hard rock. A policia nao aceitou a explicacao e o coveiro corre o risco de descansar seus ossos por tres anos SO PARA BONECAS no cimentado frio de um Mais tuna primeirabrasileira. Os freqUentadores dos ensaios xilindrO. da escola de samba Uniao da Ilha, no Rio, tern agora tres

PIQUET GOES INDY Surprise for whoever thought Nelson Piquet had abandoned forgood the race courses. He has jus t signed with the Team Menard to run with a Lola-Buick in May, at the 500 Miles of Indianapolis. He is following in the steps of another Formula 1 champion who decided to run Formula Indy, Emerson Fittipaldi. Piquet won 24 Formula I Grand Prix and also the world championship in 81,82 and 84. Recently he had announced his retirement as a car racer for lack of a competitive car and team. But not even his wife believed him.

Page 2- NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1-15, 1992

opcOes na hora do aperto. Ha banheiros para homens, mulheres e bonecas. As novas intalacOes sao para uso exclusivo de travestis, que estavam tendo um problema seri° no hora de responder ao apelo da natureza. Na ala feminina, as dondocas eram espantadas a berros, e na masculina, eram expulsas a tapas. Giovani Riente, presidente da Uniao diz que o banheiro "esta fawndo muito sucesso". A estreia da ala das bonecas teve corte de fita corde-rosa e muita pompa.

0 Brasil vestiu luto para comemorar a morte do presidente Janio Quadros. Para muitos brasileiros, entretanto, Janio so foi sepultado agora.

Ele ja havia morrido ha muito, quando abandonou o poder, paragarantir-sepoderes ainda maiores.

0 gesto dramatic° e inutil acabou se transformando na tragedia de mais de uma geracao. Curiosamente, a passagem de Janio levou muito brasileiro a falar corn saudosismo de urn tempo em que politica corria no sangue e era urn fim em si mesmo, ao inves da atual versa°, em que é urn meio apenas para rechear a propria conta bancaria.

Nosso Duda fala desse espirito. Nossa materia de capa é a prova irrefutavel e dolorosa de que a politica em sua versao atual esti criando no Nordeste uma terra de nanicos. Ao contrario do rest° do mundo, o pessoal aui diminui de estatura a cada nova geracao que chega. Um artigo para fazer pensar e agir.

5

CONTENTS

11

,.

R.

R.M.

Brasil: tab grande e tao bobo

Hunger

The new Brazilian "species"

13

6

Bob's X McDonald's Records of poverty

14

9

DEPARTAMENTS

So long, president Janio

2 Rapidinhas 7 Correio do Brasil 8 Letters 19 Lost Angels 22 That's Brazilian!

23 Calendar

10 Flying down to Cuba

ANU1 . 7.0.1 D 711

INI III 11.1a a SEIM 1111 MI An lig AMm. • • "NI .1r , as

IN aM.,

Minha marca inesquecivel

15 A Petrobras, no vermelho

21 Green war of words

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Page 4 - NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1-15, 1992

Yes Brazil

COVER

GAB IRU-MAN

THE NEW BRAZILIAN "SPECIES"

he drought, the expansion of poverty, the I couldn't care less attitude of the administration gave origin in the Northeast to a new "human species". They live in the inflated peripheries of the Northeast cities or in the abandoned backlands. They are called gabiru-men in the urban area, because, like the rats that have such name, they live on trash.

Or nanicos (peewees), in the backlands, because their stature is not more than 1,45 meters.

Forecasted by scientists for at least two decades, this differentiation of the nordestino med ium type has a tendency to shrink with time. In some areas of the region it is already possible to find nordestinos whose size is similar to the African pygmies.

Nowadays, the Northeast concentrates 53% of Brazil's poverty, with 23,7 million people living with a per capita income of around $15, lower than one fourth of a minimum salary.

Recent studies in states of the region showed an aggravation of this index because of the lack of child nourishment. From every one thousand babies born in the Northeast, 79,6 never celebrate their first birthday.

The rural worker Amaro Joao da Silva, 47, from Engenho da Bondade,

T

With 53% of the country poverty, the Brazilian Northeast has 23.7 million people living with one quarter of a minimum wage. It is a miracle they can survive. Their resiliency gave them the epithet of gabiru-men. Like the gabiru rat they eat from the trash.

But all of this has its cost. They are turning into a race of pygmies.

Xico SĂĄ, Recife

in the municipality of Amaraji (160 miles from Recife), has 1 meter and 35 centimeters. His stature is 33 centimeters below the average size for a Brazilian that is 1.68 m. In the Northeast, the average stature is 1.62 m.

At least four of his three children seem to be going on the same direction, that one of dwarfism. The situation of many neighbors of Amaro is notdifferent and confirms in the country a "species" created by hunger — the peewee men.

Forecasted by the scientists at least for two decades, these men have a tendency to shrink even more in future generations. They are not distinctive only by their stature. The size of the brain is also smaller, and can be as much as 40% less capable.

"Sometimes they are interrupted by the simplest mathematics operation." says Pemambuco doctor Meraldo Zisman, 57, who is readying the book"Brasil Nanico", where he analyses the subject.

Today it is already common in the Northeast for people to have statures below 1,50 m. The size is s imilar of that of the African pigmies, whose average height is 1.48."The tendency to nanismo is stronger among the nordestinos, but

NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1-15, 1992 - Page 5

COVER

is starting to spread to the whole country," says Zisman.

He points to the ex-cutter of sugar cane Alaide Pereira, who used to work in the sugar mills of Zona da Mata in Pernambuco, as an example of common ignorance in the region, worsened also, according to Zisman, by the nanismo.

She doesn't even know her own age (she seems like 60 but the neighbors say she is 50), has no idea of her size (around 1,45 m), doesn't know

who is Fernando Collor de Mello and is unable to say any sentence with a logical order.

Mario Jose da Silva, the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) researcher who interviewed Alaide tells that he had a hard time to fill up a form of 168 questions. "Some people have to gather their children and count them one by one to answer how many children they have.", says da Silva.

With an average income of around

$70 a month, Amaro has a better economic condition to try to free their children from the common dwarfism, common among most of nordestinos.

Three of his sons are teenager with a sound appearance and should surpass the barrier of the average stature for the nordestino.

Two hundred children from a village called Engenho da Bondade are already with their physical and mental development jeopardized. Their parents make less than minimum wage.

RECORDS OF POVERTY To be born in the Brazilian Northeast is to be condemned to a life sentence six years earlier than the rest of the Brazilians.

The Northeast concentra tes 53% of the absolute poverty of Brazil. They are 23.7 million people that live with a per capita income lower than 1/4 of the minimum wage. The Northeast also holds the record for infant mortality, illiteracy and concentration of income. One of every 100 children in the region suffers fromgrave lackof nutrition.

The nordestino comes to this world with a life expectancy six years lower than the average Brazilian. According to IBGE, life expectancy in the region is 58.8 years (data from 1988). The average for the country is 64,9 years.

Around 70% of the babies from the metropolitan areas of the region live in precarious condition with no or very little sanitation. In the Southeast the proportion, according to IBGE, is around 28%.

From every one thousand babies born alive in the Northeast, 79,6 never celebrate their first birthday. In the rest of the country the average of child mortality is 47.5 for Page 6 NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1-15, 1992

one thousand. In the South this number is 29.9 per thousand and in the Southeast, 33.9 per thousand.

Almost half (45.3%) of all children from zero to five years old in the Northeast suffer from malnutrition, while in the Southeast and the South the proportion is 21.3% and 17.5%, respectively.

A recent study showed that illiteracy among those older than ten in the Northeast is 35.9% compared with an average of 18.2% for the whole country.

In 1988, the 5% richest from the Northeast concentrated 41.8% of the wealth. In the Southeast, the 5% richest had 33.8 of the wealth. On the other side, the poorest 40% among the nordestinos had 7.8% of the income, compared to 8.6 for the Southeast.

The Gross National Product (GNP) per capita in the Northeast is less than half the Brazilian average. According to researcher Roberto Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, former secretary of the old Interior Ministry, the Northeast GNP per capita fell from $928 in 1980 to $918 in 1988, what is the equivalent of only 48% of the the GNP per capita of the Southeast in 1970 and of 41% of the average for the country ($2,241) registered in 1988.

Eduardo Monte iro

A morte de Janio Quadros marca o fim de toda tuna epoca da HistOria do Brasil —a epoca em que os politicos, assim como os medicos e os jogadores de futebol, entravam na profissao porque gostavam, e nao porque queriam ficar rico depressa. Ja sei que vai ter gente adoidado gritando contra mim, lembrando os nomes de gente como Ad hemar de Barros e outros contemporaneos politicos de Tani°, que levaram para o tumulo a fama de ter enfiado a mao corn gosto no patimonio public°. Tudo bem, eu concordo que roubalheirae politica sao parentes prOximos, e quase semp re andam de maos dad as. Mas o que eu quero dizeré que antes neguinho roubava 10% e deixava que 90% da grana do povo fosse financiar obras publicas e a maquina administrativa —hoje estes valores estao invertidos, e a corrupcao apenas se contenta em pagar uma cotnissao para quern de fato trabalha. Eu nunca fui janista (nem poderia ter sido, meu filho,pois eu ainda era urn bebe quando o homem tomou aquele pone homericoe resolveu en tregar a bola para as tais forcas ocultas, desistindo da presidencia que ele conquistara numa eleicao avassaladora).

Mas tenho que reconhecer que o sr. Janio Quadros foi um estadista de verdade, um politico que entendia do assunto.

Muito diferente do Sr. Collor de Mello, um arrivista que hoje habita o Palacio do Planalto sem ter a menor ideia do que esta acontecendo no pals que ele diz governar. A ironia da histOria esta justamente al: o sujeito que poderia ter sido o melhor presidente que o Brasil já teve, renunciou com oitomeses de governo; o outro que es tá bem encaminhado para se tranformar no pior presidente brasileiro (embora ba ter oZe Sarney neste campo seja mui to dificil), insiste nao apenas em ficar ate o Ultimo dia do seu mandato, como planeja uma reeleicao — mesmo que para isso tenha de se disfarcar de parlamentarista. Mas a gente já esta acostumado corn todas essas ironias e paradoxos.

Afinal, como é que se poderia explicar os nossos imensos recursos naturais ao lado da nossa proverbial pobreza? Ou a nossa crise ao lado dos voos para Miami lotadinhos? Ou a nossa bela MPB relegada para as madrugadas de FMs obscuras, ao lado de urn roque podre e mfisica caipira breguissima tocandoodia inteiro? Ou a nossagente passando fome ao lado de agricultores que jogam fora suas colheitas por nao encontrar quern pague um preco minim° para repor os insumos? Olha, Joao, me desculpe eu estar assim tao seri°, eu sei que o pessoal quer mesmo é ler coisas mais leves, tipo conversa ern salao de barbeiro, mas a morte do Janio me deixou descabelado. Eu já estava pronto para soltar a franga no carnaval, acabei ficando em casa borococho, tentando entender estas coisas que nao se entende. Al eu assisti ao JFK do Oliver Stone, e de noite cheguei a ter um pesadelo onde um tal de Leo Osvaldo aproveitava um

passeio do Quinho a Canapi para soltar uns tirecos de espuleta no homem. Maldade minha, eu sei. Mas Freud diz que sonhos (e pesadelos) sao que nem diarreia — na hora emque pintam, sai da frente que ninguem segura. Tambem foi so urn sonho malvado; o Quinho nao precisa sair do govern° ass im corn brutal idad e. Basta ele dizer pro pessoal que recebeu aquele famoso bilhetinho: "Disfarca e sal de fininha que voce nao esti agradando." Bern mais ao gosto do nosso carater tropical-pacifico. Sei que voce esta de malas prontas para voltar para ca; pois voce vai comprovar tudinho que estou falando. Mas voce tambem vai ver que tern coisas boas (de novo, coisas que nao se entende, mas que sao boas). Uma delas 6 o preco do &liar, que continua caindo —em termo rela tivos, claro. Minha mae cos tumava dizer que no dia em que o preco do &Aar comecasse a cair no Brasil era sinal certo de que o fim do mundo estaria perto.

Acho born a gente já ir se preparando; onde já se viu o black custar menos que o oficial?

Sera que tern algum U.F.O. rodando sobre o nosso pals?

E os bancos continuam ganhando dinheiro, agora trocando &Mares mais ou menos livremente. N'outo dia eu me surpreendi caminhando pela Shopping Iguatemi, em Sao Paulo, ao ver uma banquinha de cambio bem all, misturada corn McDonald's e Lojas Garbo.

Quem diria? Ha menos de dez anos, urn amigo meu foi preso quando tentava trocar umas verdinhas corn um cambista clandestino, all num porao do predio Martinelli. Acho que é por isso mesmo que o seu Silvio Santos, o mesmo que tentou se candidatar para presidente, agora resolveu lancar o seu proprio banco. Ele diz que ainda este ano o Banco Panamericano vai ter pelo menos 40 agencias instaladas e funcionando; o banco é o herdeiro natural da 13ati Financeira, empresa corn que o Silvio ganhou muito dinheiro. Apesar da mudanca, ele promete continuar trabalhando quase que exclusivamente corn o segmento de baixa rend a. 0 homem nao é bobo nem nada: alem de serem a maioria absoluta estourada (85% da populacao), sao os mais fieis (ou de onde 6 que voce pensa que saem os corin thianos?). Born, meu espaco esti acabando e eu nao cheguei a falar nada do que anda acontecendo na terra da fantasia bras ileira, da mtis ica, do cinema, e, 6 clam, do Carnaval. Correndo o risco d e chegar urn pouco a trasad o, eu prometo que no prOximo numero eu conto tudo o que es tá acontecendo nes tas areas pra brazucadade L.A. e outras pracas. Por enquanto, uma beijoca.

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BRAZIL

SO LONG, JANIO! The wounds he caused are just now starting to heal. More than 30 years ago he went to the peak of a vertiginous career to become the best voted Brazilian president. He would be very soon the worst disillusion and nightmare of the country.

MAY HE REST IN PEACE Elma Lia Nascimento, Sao Paulo In Sao Paulo, where this Matogrossense made his career and fame, the governor decreed a three day period for mourning. In Brasilia, the legislators had to get in line to exalt the memory of the ex-president; and thousands of Paulistas went to pay their last tribute to Janio da Silva Quad ros at the wake hold at the Sao Paulo Assembleia Legislativa.

Janio died Sunday, February 15, at the Albert Einstein Hospital in Sao Paulo, from the complications of kidney and respiratory problems besides a generalized infection. His death ended an agony that started last August when he entered for the first time the Albert Einstein. The ex-president was 75.

Quad ros was the las t civilian president before a cycle of military governments that would sweep the country from 1964 to 1985. Extremely popular and populist, nobody ever understood exactly why this man elected with 45% of the votes in 1960, suddenly resigned in August of 1961, less than seven months after taking office.

While a candidate for UDN, Janio was his own man. His campaign symbol was a broom and in a similar way to Fernando Collor de Mello, the candidate ran in a platform of fight against corruption and bureaucracy.

Brazilians were fascinated by this man who would stop a speech, during his campaign, and start to eat a sandwich, observing he hadn't have time to take care of his hungry stomach.

Jornal do Brasil, the Carioca daily, as other Brazilian newspapers, dedicated many pages to the president and expressed the feelings of most Brazilians in a headline that said: "Janio Quad ros, the name of the national frustration." Several politicians stressed the importance of Quadros for the Brazilian history and lamented his resignation.

It was in foreign affairs that the president showed his unconventionality. He encouraged the pursuit of economic development with a greater diplomatic independence mainly from the United States. Janio wanted distance from the Cold War. He sent a trade mission to China and started to warm up to Moscow.

In the domestic front, Quad ros started a very unpopular effort to halt inflation. His campaign against corruption stirred a commotion in Congress, with many legislators accusing the president to be orchestrat-

ing a revenge against those who held power previously, namely, PSD and PTB, that had then the majority in both houses.

In his letter of resignation, Janio echoed the note le ft by Getu' lio Vargas, less than one decade earlier, before committing suicide. Quad ros talked about "foreign" and "terrible" "forces" that were paralyzing his presidency. "I wanted Brazil for the Brazilians," he wrote.

The most accepted explanation for the sudden departure of the president was that he wanted to provoke a crisis, that would bring him back with many more powers. He betted that country wouldn't allow vicepresident Jango Goulart to assume the presidency. He was wrong. People had learned to respect the democratic process and they couldn't forgive their yesterday hero for running way. That miscalculation is history.

And we know what kind: tragic and repressive. •

NEWefrom BRAZIL.71 - March 1-15; 1992 - Page 9

FLYING DOWN TO CUBA Mario Cesar Carvalho, Salo Paulo

Che Guevara, Pasquim, Bar Don Juan, guerrila and performance, they all met in the airport. They were all going to Cuba. It seemed like a party, one of them already drunk, another one holding a beer.

If it weren't for the airport, the date in the calendar and the protruding bellies, it would be a scene of the Sixties. And it was. Only thing was the airport was the one from Cumbica, whose operations started in 1985, the calendar showed February 7 of 1992 and Cuba, bogged in its worst crisis, changed its guerrilla romanticism for parecion.

In spite of everything they were leaving for Cuba, in two flights, to demonstrate solidarity: militants of the MR-8 giving hurrahs to Che Guevara; the Pasquim cartunist Jaguar; the author of Bar Don Juan, Antonio Callado. Clara Charf, 67, "companion" of guerrilla Carlos Marighela (1911-1969), tried but wasn't able. Around 80 people stayed in a "waiting list". They are already thinking about a second solidarity flight.

The performance, obligatory in the retro festivals of the 60s, was

given by four actors from the group Nefesh (throat or scream in Hebre).

They define themselves as "a group of radical theatre". "We do a work similar to the Fura dels Baus," explained Dimas Duarte, 32, referring to the group of Catalan theatre that explores the violence in their plays.

They say they are against everything the two flights represent. They enacted a paredonin the embarking area of Cumbica. They were almost lynched by the members of the brigade, most of them stalinists from the MR-8. The brigadists corralled the fou r actors and buried them with partisan chants like: "Brazil, Cuba!

Only one heart".

Or "Eh, Eh, Eh! Long live Cuba, long live Cher The

brigadist are the Solidarity Flight in its rag version. In the Solidarity Flight embarked in telectua Is as Fernando Morais, author of "The Island" and State Education secretary, theologian Friar Betto, who conceived the flight, and zombies from the Sixties. They paid US$1,018 for the ticket plus one week of hotel and rood. The brigadist are going to pick banana and tomatoes in Cuba.

Mostly young, they paid US$ 839 for

Page 10. NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1 - 15. 1992

the ticket plus US$150 for food and lodging. They are staying 15 days in Cuba. For most of them this is their first trip overseas.

As is the 60s, the brigadists always present themselves as representing some group. With a Stalin Tshirt, Carlos Nei Ara*, 25, director of Brazilian Union of Secondary School Students, came from Belem to Cumbica by plane and even ressurrected the yankees, another jargon from the Sixties, in one of the choirs that he directed:"Arriba, abajo.

Los yankees son carajos".

Another brigadist, Joao Camilo Sobrinho, 75, from the Association of Dweller of Sao Paulo State, lamented that this wasn't the harvest time for sugar cane. "I would love to cut cane in Cuba but now is not the time. I used to be a peasant till I was 18."

Sobrinho said he didn't see any problem in arriving in Cuba and run the risk to see a paredon - the execution of Luis Miguel Almeida Perez e Rene Salmeron Mendoza. "I am against the death penalty but lam in favor of the execution of terrorists," explains the oldest of brigadists.

Jaguar, 59, is inter.5° ested in the ridicule. "I am going to see the firing squad executions.

They are funnier that the ones at Baixada Fluminense," in Rio. Composer Taiguara is the poet of the gang.

Asked why he is going to Cuba, he answers: "I am going because I want. Will is might. Might is popular.

Popular is the Cuban revolution". He talks as if he were declaiming. Even his age is a revolutionary detail. "I believe I was born in 59, when hope was born to the world." He is really 46 years old. 59 is the year of the Cuba revolution. Paranoia ormystification? •

POLITICA DoutorUlissesabreumpoucoosseusclarosolhossonolentos dourados. Tambem esti no merc.ado de protecao contra as para fazer tuna observacao filosofica. Diz que antigamente os aguas do ceu. grandes escandalos envolviam negOcios grandes, como as Bicicleta 6 urn modismo.Mas ninguem tinha pensado em obras de barragens, de estradas, a compra de locomotivas. Os comp rar 23 mil de tuna s6 vez, sem sequer ir as fabricas, como avioes da Lockheed meteram na cadeia um prirneiro-ministro fez o pessoal do Ciro Comes, govemador do Ceara, que do Japao ena desgraca o principe Bernard da Holanda. "Agora comprou corn um bruto abatimento. Do jeito que andam as parece os meus tempos de boemia. Tornavamos uma chopada vendas das indfistrias, a Calei era bem capaz de dar uns 15% e deixavamos o dinheiro do garcon na mesa. Vez poroutra, um de desconto por dentro e 10% de comissao por fora. A Monark safado passava atras e metia o dinheiro no bolso. Estao tambem. Pena que o pessoal de Brasilia tenha inventado a tal roubando a gorjeta do garcon." regra imencionada polo doutor Ulisses: 10% 6 a gorjeta do Modernidade é inovacao. Conseguimos o que parecia gallon. impossivel: 100% decomissao.FoiemCanapi, Alagoas. Podiam Bom 6 pais rico:279 mil toneladas de graos compradas pelo exportar Icnow-how para o Me)dco, a Argentina ou as Filipinas. governo federal desde o principio de 91 apodrecem nos Dava uma grana de refrescar as contas de Arminio Fraga, armazens. Segundos as calculos de Gilberto Dimenstein, daria diretor da area extema do Banco Central. A familia Malta no para alimentar 50 milheies de pessoas. Ainda bem que todo deu refresco aos flagelados, e o Joaozinho Trinta e Oito ainda mundo anda de barriga cheia no Brasil. 0 ministro Cabrera mandou dois tiros no prefeito. Felizmente estava de porre e cons iderou o caso urn escandalo e disse que ia chamar a policia errou. Dal andar livre como um passarinho. Para os amigos, federal. tudo. Pam os inimigos, a lei, dizia-se em Minas Gerais.

Ia, porque talvez o delegado Romeu Tuma nao tenha Nao se deve discutir a predestinacao dos nomes. 0 elenco tempo. Primeina, porque esta furioso e corn razao. Prenderam lusitano de sobrenomes 6 um jardim zoolOgico de leoes, cinco traficantes em Fortaleza, corn meia tonelada de cocaina carneiros,leitifies,mas porcinossao raros. Calhou queod eputado dent° de inhames. Quatro eram os d onos, °quint° omotorista. estadual que controlava a distribuicao das verbas do CBIA, Um juiz libertou os ricos e ficou com o pobre. E nao se conhece Centro Brasiuma inleiro para a vestigacao Infancia e do TribuAdolescencia, nal de Juspresidido por tica sobre •Marcio Moreira Alves sua mulher, os bens Fatima Borges, hoje em alguma sala do Planalto, chatna-se desseSalomao de fancaria. Segundo, porque esti se explicando Francisco Pordno. So podia dar em porcaria e roubalheira da sobre as suas intimidades corn doleiros de Brasilia. Minha grossa. cozinheira, que quer casar corn ele, desculpa-o: "Coitadinho, Alias, a barra nas Alagoas nao esta boa nem para as nao sabia de nada. SO coznia naquele restatuante porque nao profissionais. 0 coronel Maia, considerado um dos lideres do lhe cobravam a conta. Deve estar ganhando tuna miseria." sind ica to do crime, pediu garantia de vid a. Mas o senad or Ney Miseria 6 o que os delegados encarregados da repressao ao Maranhao, amigo de Maia, que o mimoseia corn alpargatas de contraband° em Sao Paulo deviam achar dos seus salarios. couro de veado, nao acredita muito na historia. "0 compadre Tratavam de complementa-los desviando mercadorias esta querendo 6 reza," explica. "Quando pede garantias é apreendidas, para revende-las. Foram descobertos por um porque alguem ja anda no rumo do cemiterio. E nao deve ser detetive contratado pelos contrabandistas prejudicados. 0 ele." Ney, urn for de sujeito, nasceu nas Alagoas e é o lider do delegado Veronezzi, superintendente da Policia Federal no govern° no senado, entende do riscado. estado, ecupincha do Tuma,ja estava avisadohavia seis meses.

Alceni Guerra, outra flordesimpatia, 6 minis tro da Crianca. Nao fez nada. Foi a Policia Civil quem prendeu as ladrees.

Brinquedos de es timacao: guarda-chuvas, filtros de barro Quern tambem quer chamar a policia 6 a deputada Marcia desprovidos de velas, seringas e bicicletas. Andar de bicicletas Cibillis, relatora da CPI da Fome. Pede o indiciamento do exsegurando guard a-chuva deve ser um novo esporte olimpico. presidente da FAE, Fundacao de Amparo ao Estud ante, o tal Sobretudona Amazhnia, onde as bicicletas tem que se ranfibias. que comprou 54 bilhOes de um cartel de empresas de alimentos Quando da, Alceni compra tudo na sua terra natal, o PararA, formulados urn dia antes da saida do Minis terio da Educacio se possivel de gente de sua base eleitoral, em Pato Branco. E a do seu amigo Carlos Chiamlli, o inventorda "mispone", anima sua contribuicao na luta contra a recessao. Prefere as lojas do cargo ba carreira dos "aspones". repois Pelotas se queixa da Pedro. Esse Pedro deve ser um amigao: vende so por 50% a fama que tem... mais que o preco de mercado. Pena que nem Pedro se chame.

Mas quern esti mesmojogando tudo no ventilador 6 um tal E Elcio. Tern dois primos trabalhando na Policlinica da familia de Augusto Morbach Neto, "empresario" do Para, preso em de Alceni, em Pato Branco . Pais cheio de coincidencias o nosso. Sao Paulo corn mais de qualm milhOes de &Mares em notas, Quem tern amigo na praca nao morre pagao. E mais vale empacotad as em 13 caixotes, pesando 200 quilos cad a. Contou urn gosto do que ties vinten.s. Alceni nao discrimina sempre. que esteve envolvido no contraband° de annas para o IRA e Tambem compra em Brasilia. Essa coisa de comprar direto da de uranio para o Iraque. Alem, 6 clam, de contraband° de ouro fabrica, corn abatimento, nao e da modernidade. Parece que e pedras preciosas. Parece que deu o nome de urn monte de born de guarda-chuva mesmo 6 a Casa Cinargica de Brasilia a uto rid ad es federais para quern comprava d (Mares no black. Ja, Ltda. Engracado. A primeira vista es taria mais recomendada vai para a rua. para bisturis, quando muito luvas de medico. Que ninguem se Quern disse nao sei, mas assino embaixo: : "Eta Brasil Tao perca polo nome. Quern esta contestando a compra 6 a grande e tao bobo."

Aquarius Comercial. Nao vende bocais de vidro ou peixinhos •

BRASIL. TAo GRANDE, TAo BOBO

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ECONOMY

GUERRA! PROMETE

McDonald s •

BOB'S AO P i\ S NIC DO

MCDONALD'S

Nelson Blecher, Sao Paulo

0 Bob's já escolheu data e local para travar as batalhas decisivas da "guerra do hamburguer". Em 1992, a Por enquanto, o maioria de suas lojas, hoje localizadas Bob's havia se no Rio de Janeiro, vao es tar operando em Sao Paulo, praca dominada pelo entrincheirado no arquirival McDonald's. Corn essa Rio, em uma espansao, o numero de pontos de venda da rede Bob's - controlada estrategia defensiva, pelo grupo holandes Vendex - vai corn apenas algumas saltar dos atuais 29 para 52 no escaramucas e mercado paulista contra 46 no carioca. pequenas guerras de "Sao Paulo ainda detem a maior guerrilha. Munido parte da massa de renda do pals," disse o presidente da companhia, de nova ousadia, Arnaldo Bisoni, ao detalhar a entretanto, o grupo estrategia adotada na disputa do fast food. Da ofensiva do Bob's faz parte carioca de fast food um crescimento "ambicioso" dos decidiu atacar o investimentos publicitarios, que consumiram em 1991, uma verba de McDonald's, em US$ 3,5 milhoes. A campanha foi territorio inimigo. criada pela agenda Salles InterAmericana.

Segundo Bisoni, a metade do orcamento da midia para este ano atraves do sistema de franchising. sera utilizada para reforcar a "Vamos tentarvoltar a crescer o mais visibilidade da marca em Sao Paulo. rapidamente possivel, corn recursos Ja a espansao da rede sera alavancada

de terceiros," afirmou Bisoni. Hoje, das 78 lojas em operacao, 55 sao proprias e o restante pertence a franquiados. A expectativa do Bob's é fincar sua bandeira em 103 pontos de venda ate dezembro deste ano.

"Felizmente continuamos a crescer, de forma saudavel," afirmou o diretor de marketing Luiz Mario Bilenky. A diretoria do McDonald's, a empresa liderdofast food no mundo, preferiu nao comentar os pianos do concorrente. Em 1991,0 McDonald's abriu 15 novas lojas e investiu US$ 76 milhOes. E preve prosseguir a expansao neste ano, quando sua logomarca estara presente em 110 pontos de venda.

0 presidente do Bob's nao deixou de lancar farpas contra o rival. "Nao temos a pretensao de servir mais rapid°, mas possuimos urn cardapio variado," afirmou. "Redes que op taram pela excess iva padronizacao enfrentam problemas de manutencao de imagem no exterior."

Como o custo de cada franquia é de cerca de US$ 500 mil, Bisoni estima em aproximadamente US$ 12,5 milhoes o investimento a ser injetado pelos franquiados para fortalecer a cadeia no front paulista.

•

NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1-15, 1992- Page 13

MINHA MARCA INESQUECiVEL

Rayovac — sinonimo de pilha para 63% dos entrevistados. A concorrente Eveready, a segunda colocada na categoria, teve apenas 12% das citaceies.

0 reconhecimento dado aRayovac ganha importancia numa conjuntura de crise. 0 mercado de pilhas encolheu de urn bilhao de unidades produzidas na decada de 80 para

Quase 12 mil brasileiros foram perguntados qual o primeiro nome que lhes saltava a mente quando se mencionava urn produto. Rayovac saiu disparado ern primeiro. Mas Honda, Danone, Credicard, sabonete Lux e cigarro Hollywood nao vieram muito atras.

A DataFolha fez um levantamento nacional que é urn autentico teste de popularidade para marcas famosas.

Trata-se da sondagem batizada de "Top of Mind". Os pesquisadores, armados de uma unica pergunta — "que marca vem a cabeca quando se aplicada a diferentes fala em..." categorias de produtos, colheram as impressoes de 11,8 mil brasileiros. 0 resultado é a lista das marcas que escalaram o topo da mente dos consumidores.

0 desempenho mais brilhante, na segunda rodada da pesquisa, iniciad a no ano passado, foi obtida pela Microlite, que detem a patente da Page 14 - NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1 - 15, 1992

HIGH POW

atuais 650 milhOes, cujas vendas sao disputadas tambempor outro quatro grandes fabricantes.

Outra marca que tern espaco garantido na cabeca de praticamente a metade dos entrevistados é a da motocicleta Honda, que aparece no ranking corn 13 pontos percentuais a frente da arquirival Yamaha. A Honda, cujas campanhas de televisao

ECONOMY

AS MARCAS NA PONTA DA LINGUA enfatizam mais de 30 marcas dinamismo da Garrett, concorrentes.

Os comerciais da 14% juventude, investe Colorama Tostines, cirados pelo publicitario 15% acima de US$ 5 USTop Enio Mainardi, atravessaram a 16% milhOes anuais em decada repetindo o mesmo slogan: Rainha 18% publicidade e Gradiente "Vende mais porque é fresquinho ou 21% detem a fatia do Ca fresquinho porque vende mais?"

26% lea° das vendas de Liza Outro vencedor no ranking, a 31% motos no pals.

Gillette caninha 51 tambem tern urn slogan 32% 0 "Top of Mind" 6 51' que pegou: "uma boa ideia".

32% o tipo de pesquisa Hollywood Em certos casos, nem mesmo 32% que agrad a as LUX praticas ousadas, como a propa33% industrias de Crecicard 36% ganda comparativa, parecem consumo de massa, Contort 41% ser suficientes para principalmente Royal 44% deslocar a imagem de porque possibilita Danone 45% umamarca.Quemnao Honda uma avaliacao 49% se lembra da precisa do prestigio Rayovac 63% engenhosa de seus produtos campanhaemque 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 70% junto ao public°.

Carlos Moreno, o No Brasil, os grandes anunciantes garoto Bombril, confrontava o aplicam uma soma superior a US$ 3 campanha no ar por anos a fio —e se amaciante de roupas Mon Bijou com bilhOes anuais em comerciais e saem bem. E este o caso da Tostines, o Confort? 0 Mon Bijou avancou nas animcios impressos paramantersuas camped na categoria de biscoito, vendas, mas o Confort 6, de longe, a marcas acesas na membria do tendo sido mencionada por 17% dos marca mais mencionada pelos entrevistados. consumidor. consumidores.Recebeu 41% das citaPara atingir esse objetivo, alguns Pode parecer pouco, mas nao 6. Trata- goes contra 4% do concorrente. adotam a es trategia de sus tentar uma se afinal de um setor dividido por •

QUEM DIRIA, A PETROBRAS NO VERMELHO Pela primeira vez na historia, a Petrobras, a major companhia do Brasil, deu prejuizo. Isso, enquanto partes da empresa comecam a ser privatizadas.

For quase 40 anos, desde quando foi fundada em 1953, a Petrobeastemsidouminvestimentomaisquesolido,garanfido pelogovemo epelo preco galopante dos combustiveis eoutros derivados do petroleo. Nao mais. Pela ptimeira vez ern sua histeria, a companhia deu prejuizo, e pela primeira vez seus acionistasficaramavernavios,semrecebernenhumdividendo.

A empresaatribuiu a perda de US$ 237milhaes em 1991 a uma serie de fatores, incluindo a valorizacao do dolar, queda de faturamento de 11,8% em relacao ao ano anterior e correcao de distorcks nos indice de correcao de balanco, que vinham ocorrendo desde 87.

Mesmoassim,amaiorempresadoBrasil,faturouUS$13,92 bilhOes, contra US$ 15,77 bilhoes em 1990. A (mica subsidiaria daPetrobrasentreascincomaiores,queacaboutendolucroem 1991 (US$ 31,9 milhOes) foi a Petrobras Distribuidora (BR).

Tanto a Petroquisa como a Petrofertil, ambas em fase de

privatizacao,deram urn prejilizo conjunto de mais de US$200 milhOes. No total, o rombo causado por todas as subsidiarias chegou a US$ 355 milhOes. 0 vermelho s6 nao foi maiorporque aPetrobrasproptiamenteditaacabouoanonacolunapositiva, corn US$ 118 milhOes em caixa.

Antonio Claudio Pereira da Silva, superintendente do servico financeiro da Petrobras, a queda verificada no faturamento se deveu a defasagens nos precos dos combustiveis.

•

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Tel: (213) 388-1566 NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1-15, 1992- Page 15

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I wonder if you have ever heard of a certain Philippe Kahn, a French guy who came to California in the early 80's and overstayed his tourist visa. While he was managing to get his green card, he also started a small software company selling, by mail, a vers ion of the programming language Pascal. He not only got his green card, but his company — Borland International — is today fighting head to head with Microsoft for the software market. As you can see, some illegal aliens can become success stories.

But that is a little bit beyond the point. I was shocked when I found out that Brazil Grill had closed its doors forever.

It was clear that the restaurant was doing well, and its clientele was growing at a fast pace; I think that Brazil Grill was indeed, the best promising Brazilian venue in Los Angeles.

The food was not fantastic, but you could savor a reasonable "File a Milaneza", and a more than reasonable "Feijoad a" . The music, although not fantastic either, was good enough to bring a certain authenticity to the place. I have been there many times and in some occasions! almost forgot that I was in the San Fernando Valley.

I was told that the restaurant

closed because of an alleged threat of a raid by the INS. If that is really true,

far for someone who lives in the Valley.

Let's hope that somebody with money and vision eventually shows up to cater to this profitable niche.

By the time I write this, I do not know the results of the Grammy Awards.

But the simple fact that two Brazilians — Milton Nascimento and Dori Caymmi — have been nominated this year is reason enough to celebrate.

my sorrow and surprise are even deeper. As far as I know, the people working at Brazil Grill have been in this country for quite a long time (I believe Lola, the manager, has been here for more than 30 years) and should have nothing to fear from a raid. In any case, closing the restaurant was too strong a medicine for such a feeble and arguable disease.

Now we are left with virtually no choices for Brazilian food in Los Angeles. The only remaining places that I know are Carioca, in Culver City, and Rio Express, in Pasadena.

There are a few new joints in the South Bay, but they are a little bit too

On the other hand, have you seen Xuxa on Fox's Current Affair? The network dedicated a full segment in its tabloid newscast to portray a Xuxa that came to the US. chasing one of the Kennedy heirs. The show seemed to say that Xuxa is desperately seeking for a husband that can catapult her career in the U.S.A. She has been trying by herself, but she has not gone beyond the Hispanic community — a public that she had already conquered in South America anyway.

As! have already said many times before, Jam returning to Brazil — at least for a good while. During this period, we will discontinue this column. However, I will be reporting to you from Sao Paulo and other major Brazilian cities. Should any of you wish to get in touch with me in Brazil, please write to our office in Sao Paulo.

•

NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1-15, 1992 - Page 19

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Page 20- NEWS from BRAZIL 71 -March 1-15, 1992

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GREEN WAR OF WORDS Preparing for Eco-92, the countries bordering the Amazon jungle, want less advice and "you must do" and more concrete help from the rich and very polluting countries of the world.

The eight countries that share frontiers with the Amazon forest met in Manaus, where they approved a document asking for the balanced development of the Amazon region and the rest of the Third World. The document contains the common position of Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Surinam, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana and Peru for the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development to be held this June in Rio. The block of nations stressed that poverty "deteriorates the environment" and called the nations of the First World to help avoid the worsening of the situation but also to take their hands out the area, claiming that those countries "cannot impose ecological controls and conditions to the countries in development."

The agenda of the debate was ample. l'residents and presidential representatives of the Amazon Pact discussed from climatic changes to Indian populations not forgetting soil deterioration, toxic waste and fresh water sources. The document didn't forget to emphasize the responsibility of the nations integrating the block: "In ourcountries," said the final document, "the need for economic and social development should go hand in hand with the conservation and protection of the environment, through the furtherance of strategies for the sustainable utilization of the natural resources."

A little earlier, Brazil had announced the positions it will present in March, in New York during the Prepcom, the preparatory meeting for Eco-92. One of the Brazilian proposals is the creation of a new international fund to help Third World countries solve their ecological problem.

Brazil defends the idea that the developed countries are the main responsible for the world pollution and as

a result should bear the costs to reduce the pollutants released in the atmosphere.

The Brazilians also want that the countries where the tropical forests are located have access to the studies made in these forests by foreign nations. Besides, Brazil opposes any outside imposition that would establish quotas for reforesting or reduction of deforestation.

One thing Brazil made clear: the country does not believe in the promises made by the rich countries that they will help with environmental programs. Both the Foreign minister, Francisco Rezek and Jose Lutzenberger, secretary of Environment talked about their pessimism about past promises.

Rezek attributes the recent promises to the presidential election being held in the United States and other rich countries, em 1992. Says he: "We've never been that naïve to not be able to notice that elections are not an incentive in participating in onerous programs."

According to Joao Paulo Capobianco, who represents the Forum of the Non-Governmental Organizations, the Brazilian position is a little stubborn asking the maximum from the developed countries and giving the minimum.

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10:00 am - Brazilian Hour on lOCLU 88.9 FM, with Sergio Mielniczenko 1:00 pm -Afro Brazilian Drums Workshop with master percussionist Lula Almeida, at Lula Washington's Dance Studio 8:00 pm - Canta Brasil on KKUP 91.5 FM, Cupertino (Bay Area), with David Haymann, Maria Jose and Xuxu.

8:00pm -Oba-Oba '92-Continues at Pantages Theatre, 6233 Hollywood Blvd. - Till March 22 Call (213) 480-3232

10:00 am - Brazilian Hour on 10(LU 88.9 FM, with Sergio Mielniczenko 11:00 am - Sunday Brunch w/ Octavio Bailly's Brazilian Jazz at the Holyday Inn Hollywood 1:00 pm - Afro Brazilian Drums Workshop, at Lula Washington's Dance Studio

8:00 pm - Canta Brasil on KKUP 91.5 FM, Cupertino (Bay Area), with David Haymann, Maria Jose e Xuxu.

8:00 pm - Hugo -Jo-Jo at Nucleus Nuance

7:00pm- Brazilian Percussion Classes &Escola de Samba at Brazilian Music Center

8:00 pm - Kleber Jorge with Brazilliant presenting The-Back-From-Brazil Song Fair at Lunaria

7:00 pm- Brazilian Percussion Classes & Escola de Samba at Brazilian Music Center

. „ ..

8:30 pm - Ana Gazzola featuring Santanna, Ze Bruno & Renato Rangel at Drake's 330 N. Brand - Glendale - (818) 246-6954

930 am - Sounds of Brazil on KPFK 90.7 with Serigo Mielniczenko

THURS 9:30 am -Sounds of Brazil on KPFK 90.7 FM, with Sergio Mielniczenko 7:30 pm - Flora Purim's 50th birthday at At My Place 8:00 pm-Fernando Gill° &All Star Band at Le Café

7:30 pm - Flora Purim's 50th birthday ar At My Place 9:00 pm -The Constellation Band with Samba, Pagode, Chorinhos, etc... at The Copacabana 9:00 pm - Brazil's Carnival Jam with Sonia Santos & Her Band at Monaco Club 9:30 pm - The Rio Thing at Nucleus Nuance

8:00 pm - Chick Corea & Bobby McFerrin at the Wittern Theatre (213) 480-3232

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10:00 am - Brazilian Hour on 10(LU 88.9 FM, with Sergio Mielniczenko 1:00 pm - Alchemy, a Brazilian Video Show, at Cox Cable - San Diego, Channel 24 5:00 pm - Alchemy, at Century Cable, Channel 3 8:00 pm - Alchemy, at Continental Cable Hollywood and Marina Del Rey areas, Ch. 37 8:00 pm - Jazz and dance troupe Grupo Sol e Mar at U.S. Grant Hotel, 326 Broadway, Downtown San Diego (619) 232-3121 9:00 pm - Katia Moraes and Trio at The Copacabana 9:00 pm. Brazilian Mardi Gras in San Diego with Embrasamba & Grupo Sol a Mar Sheraton Hotel - 1380 Harbor Island Dr. - Call (619) 275-4114 To place your free announcement, send your fax to (213) 257-3487, mail Information to P.O.Box 42538, Los Angeles, CA 90050 or call (213) 255-8062

•

10:00 am - Brazilian Hour on lOCLU 88.9 FM with Sergio Mielniczenco 11:30 am - Group Percussion Workshop with Melia Nolte 1:00 pm - Alchemy, a Brazilian Video Show at Cox Cable - San Diego, Channel 24 5:00 pm - Alchemy, at Century Cable, Ch. 3 8:00 pm - Alchemy, at Continental Cable Hollywood and Marina Del Rey areas, Ch. 37 8:30 pm - Pianist Carlos Barbosa Llma-works

by Villa-Lobos, Jobim and Gershwin - Ambassador Auditorium - 300W. Green St - Pasadena - Call (800) CONCERT 9:00 pm - Fernando Girio, Miguel Braga & Cassio Duarte at The Copacaba

10:00 am - Brazilian Hour on 10(LU 88.9 FM, with Sergio Mielniczenko 11:00 am -Sunday Brunch w/ Octavio Bailly's Brazilian Jazz at the Holyday Inn Hollywood 1:00 pm - Afro Brazilian Drums Workshop, at Lula Washington's Dance Studio 8:00 pm - Canta Brasil on KKUP 91.5 FM, Cupertino (Bay Area), with David Haymann, Maria Jose e Xuxu.

8:00 pm - Guilherme Vergueiro at Le Cafe

610:

To place your free announcement, send your fax to (213) 257-3487, mail Information to P.0.8 ox 42536, Los Angeles, CA 90050 or call (213) 255-8062 NEWS from BRAZIL 71 - March 1-15, 1992 - Page 23

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