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You certainly know Brazil is the favorite to win next month's World Cup in France. But you don't know who the Brazilian soccer squad is going to beat in the final match and by how much. Would you like to savor this result beforehand? OK, enough of suspense. The final match will be against England with a score of 3 to 1. How do we know this? We know much, much more and you will too after reading our extensive
cover story on the Cup and the Brazil ian passion for futebol. Following soccer in Brazil is more than the number one pastime. It's bee said that inside every Brazilian lives coach. That makes life almost unbea able for the official coach—this tim Mario Jorge Lobo Zagallo, 67—tryin to lead Brazil to its unprecedented fift victory in a Cup. At the end of th national team's last game in the coun try before leaving to France, he waS saluted with a chorus of: "moron, mob ron!" If the Cup is pumping up more adrenaline in every vein, soccer is als6 muse for all sorts of artists. There are new movies and plays on the subject. Brazilian painters will be showing i Paris and across the world their futebol
8
CONTENTS
Relipion Rebel Cardinal Evaristo Arns is out in Sao Paulo
31
Short stories Five soccer tales by Carlos Eduardo Novae
Politics Death takes Cardoso's two close allies
Music Farewell, bohemian Nelson Goncalves
14
Cover The year we became pentacampedes in soccer
17 Soccer
Futebol-inspired art
24 Nation Landless: fighting for a piece of soil
26
Profile Rosental Alves: forming reporters in the U. S.
10
13
inspired canvases and at least a dozen books dealing with the subject are being published. Composers and singers have also been busy churning out new ditties in time for the games. There is also a whole ritual to guarantee a final victory. Wearing always the same clothes and being with the same people when watching the games are guaranteed ways to get to the winners' circle. You'll learn more about this inside. And just in case, knock on wood. R.M.
35
Cover by Aylan Mello
DEPARTMENTS 6 Rapidinhas
Travel Amapa and Tocantins: of past and frontierland
38
Music Paulo Bellinati's magic guitar
22 Letters 48 The Cultural
43
Music Joao Gilberto, the man who invented bossa nova
Pulse
52
51 Classifieds 52
Special All the four-letter words you were itching to know
That's Brazilian
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Publisher and Editor: Rodney Mello / Entertainment Editors: Sam & Harriet Robbins Book Review: Bondo Wyszpolski / Music Editor: Bruce Gilman BRAZZIL (ISSN 1091-868X) is published monthly by Brazzil - 2039 N. Ave. 52, Los Angeles, CA, 90042-1024. Periodicals Postage rate paid at Los Angeles, CA. Single copy sold for $2. One year subscription for 12 issues is $3 (three dollars) in the U.S., $15 in Canada and Mexico, and $18 (surface mail) in all other countries. No back issues sold. Allow 5 to 7 weeks to receive your first issue. You may quote from or reprint any of the contents with proper copyright credit. Editorial submissions are welcome. Include a SASE (self addressed and stamped envelope) if you want your material mailed back. Brazzil assumes no responsibility for any claims made by its advertisers.
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5
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o 'tics
Dreaming Either former President Fernando Collor de Mello is delusional or he is privy to some information no other mortal has. In an interview with 0 Estado de S. Paulo published on April 19, Collor, who due to his 1992 impeachment is barred from running for any elective post in Brazil until the year 2,000, declared that he will once again be elected president come the October national elections. On Collor's dreams, he will win in a runoff against Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, PT's (Partido dos Trabliadores—Workers' Party) seemingly presidential candidate. It was Lula that he defeated the first time around in the 1990 election. Collor has just moved back from Miami to dedicate to what he calls his presidential campaign. According to the polls, barring a major reversal in the economy or a dramatic revelation, President Fernando Henrique Cardoso will be reelected and probably in the first round. The ex-president has a scientific explanation for Cardoso's final demise: "Fernando Henrique is living today the boiled frog syndrome. If you ignite a lighter close to a frog, he gets burned and runs away jumping. But if you take the swamp water, place it in a pan, put the frog inside the pan, and take him to the stove, the frog stays there, quiet, without budging. The water gets warmer and
6
Panties Down With a detailed article entitled "Lingerie Crisis", Veja, Brazil's leading weekly magazine—circulation 1.2 million plus—has sounded the alarm: Brazilian women are buying less panties. There was a 14% percent decline in sales of the product between 1993 and 1997, meaning that a mere 180 million of the minuscule underwear were commercialized down from 211 million in '93, according to Dupont do Brasil, manufacturer of Lycra. Women used to buy in average nine panties a year instead of the current seven. Why is this happening in the land where the buttocks reign supreme as the most coveted female physical attribute? A study by Research International revealed that the main reason for the decline is the bad quality ofthe product. Today's panties lack in comfort and aesthetic values. They are downright sloppy with elastic that is too tight and fabric that soon sags. More than 100 companies displayed their products at the IV Salao Internacional de Moda intima (4th Intimate Fashion International Fair) held in Sao Paulo from March 22 to 25. This is a $900-million a year market. Foreign models, however, had to be adapted to national tastes. "Overseas they use double the cloth for the derriere," explained to weekly magazine 1st° E, Ralf Hofmann, marketing manager for Triumph.
BRAZZIL -
1998
gaz Goliath Is Hungry Not content with its virtual monopoly of the Brazilian TV market and a media mpire that earned $6.8 billion last year, the Marinho family, which owns Organiia0e Glob •, is vying for a leading role also in the printed world. The media conglomerate is shedding all of its nonmedia assets—hotels and farms for example—to concentrate on its core business The push for this dominance has begun in earnest in April with the debut in Ri • of Extra, a popular daily paper which joins 0 Globo, the newspaper that started the Mginh s' empire. The effort becomes even more serious in May when the premiere issue of Epoca omes out. The new weekly magazine wants to compete with Veja---circulation 1.2 million—a d become the leading national magazine in a decade. The vice-president of OrganizacOes Glo •• ,Roberto Irineu Marinho, son of patriarch and still very much in control Roberto Marinho, t ked about his plans with daily newspaper Folha de do Paulo. He intends for the new. publication to surpass now second place Isto E (circulation 4 0,000) in four years, and Veja in 10. Marinho explained why he is conce trating his effprts in media and entertainment: "G1 balization has completely changed our philosop y. Globo today has to count with the possibility of ompeting with Time, which might start a Brazili edition. Our GloboNews cable channel alread competes . with CNN." The Challenge 0 Diahas become the best-selling dai yin Rio350,000 copies a day—with a popular recipe that mixes short articles, lots of solors, and several well-known names as columnists. Since December 0 Globo newspa er lost its leadership. Extra enters the fray with a price war. The new paper will cost less th 25 cents on weekdays and close to 50 cents on Sundays, half the price of 0 Dia. With an initial circulation of 130,000 Extra is an ambitious project that, acco ding to its creators, was nine months in the making, consuming close to $30 million, one thin of which was spent in marketing. Aimed at the so-called C-class (lower middle-class), the p er, which employs 172 people, presents some novelties including a daily glossary with expla ations for more difficult terms used in the paper. Their editor are also counting on several columnists—some with no writing exp rience but who are stars on Globo TV—people like comedian Tom Cavalcante, model and ac ess Luiza Brunet, and kid entertainer Angelica. The paper will also lure readers with generous distribution of prizes including two Gol cars a month. Globo is investing a total of $690 million this year in its expansion program. ost of it, $500 million, will be used in its pay TV projects. Today, 73% percent of all over- he-air TV publicity as well as 70% of all pay TV, subscribers belong to Globo. Fernando Portela, vice-president of 0 Dia says that the competition has no ch. e: "There is no room for another newspaper in Rio. I believe the launching of Extra will i crease the cannibalization of 0 Globo itself." As for Epoca, Globo went to Germany to get its model, which is consuming $40 million. The new magazine is modeled after Focus, a German magazine born in 1993 that has a weekly circulation of more than 800,000. Epoca starts with a circulation of 250,000 copies and plans to triple it in five years. The new Brazilian magazine is also the result of focus groups that compared articles from Veja and Isto E with those written in the Focus style. According to the Epoca editors, readers preferred the new magazine's ease of reading and criticized the excess of publicity and arrogance in Veja. Dpmingos Alzugaray, director of Editora Tres, the publisher of Isto E, believes that there is no public for a third national weekly magazine. He says, however, that if a publication will have to fold it won't be his: "You don't make a magazine with economic power alone. If it were the case, Bradesco (Brazil's largest private bank) would have e largest magazines. You need talent," In an apparent reaction to the developments in Rio—something strongly denied • y Editora Abril's chairman and Veja's editor Roberto Civita—Abril will launch a new natio al weekly. Abril is Brazil's biggest publisher of magazines, with earning of $1.6 billion in 1 97. Name and precise format of the publication haven't been revealed yet. In an interview with daily newspaper Folha de Sao Paulo, Civita said that he is not worried with the c petition, comparing `a. magazine to an oak tree: "You are planting big trees not chayote." H admitted that Veja may have been arrogant in the past, but guaranteed that this is an attitud that is not accepted anymore. BFtAZZIL - MAY 1998
warmer and he dies without trying to get out because he has the sensation that is warming up, but that is going to go away. "This is an experiment from Physics. Fernando Henrique is like that: he thinks he can stand a bit more of unemployment, a bit more of violent protests, of denationalization, of buying votes in Congress. When he wakes up he will be burned and boiled. The popular reaction to a moment like this is very violent."
guilm Dry Despair With a mostly poor population of peasants, many of them illiterate, the northeastern arid region is residence for 43 million Brazilians. Drought and hunger in the Brazilian Northeast is a chronic problem with cycles in which worse gets to worst. Malnutrition in the region is common. The El Nifto presence this year gave earlier notice that the situation would be tougher than in droughts past. Apparently the timely warning wasn't enough to avoid the chaos and misery provoked by the region's worst drought in 15 years and already considered one of the worst this century. At the end of April, 69% of Pernambuco state's municipalities were in critical situation due to the lack of rain with 119 municipalities from state of Ceara, 66 in Rio Grande do Norte, and 41 in Pernambuco being in state of emergency. The effects of the drought could be felt in 1209 of the 1787 northeastern municipalities affecting as many as 10 million Nordestinos
Vatican° escolhe ti, Cltldio para a Arquidiocese de SP
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Rebel Is Out The Catholic megacommunity of Sao Paulo (more than 6 million souls and over 250 parishes), the largest bishcipric in Brazil, has a new pastor. He is Don Claudio Hummes, 63, who was chosen by Pope John Paul II to replace cardinal Paulo Evaristo Arns, 77, an extremely soft spoken and gentle Franciscan, but a very opinionated one, who has become a mythic figure doing battle with the generals of the Brazilian dictatorship (1964-1985) and the Vatican's conservative hierarchy starting with His Holiness the Pope. Together with Bishop Pedro Casaldaliga from Sao Felix do Araguaia in the Amazon he has led for two decades the progressive wing of the Brazilian Catholic Church. Don Arns leaves his post without making his own successor. Archbishop Hummes didn't make the list of eight names he had presented to the Vatican in response to a request from the Holy See. Despite reports showing Arns and Hummes in two political opposing fields, both bishops have more in common than their religious order (Franciscan), and being born in the South of the country from German parents. Don Hummes was born on August 8, 1934 in Montenegro, state of Rio Grande do Sul, in a large family with 14 siblings. He was ordained priest in 1958 and became bishop in 1975. He is an expert in ecumenism and has a Ph.D. in Philosophy. In an interview with conservative daily 0 Estado de S. Paulo, soon after his nomination was made public, archbishop Hummes sent a message to Paulista Catholics: "Pray for me and don't look at me with any kind of prejudice because I intend to be the bishop of every one." Don Hummes points to "immense poverty" as the biggest challenge he expects to face in sao Paulo. He also talks about a change in the way the Catholic Church does business, in "new manners of acting and talking to the post-modern populations." He stresses that all laic movement should be encouraged including the booming Catholic Charismatic Renewal and the left-leaning social-aware Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (Grassroots Ecclesiastical Communities), which were the apple of the eye of his predecessor. To those who ask about his political change from socially engaged at the start of his work as a bishop to a more spiritual and conservative approach, the new archbishop says he is adapting himself to the times. "I don't feel unfaithful to myself," he declared. "What has changed," he told 0 Estado, "is the political conjuncture, our kind of analysis, our type of response." As a bishop in Santo Andre, in the greater Sao Paulo ABCD, where he worked from May 1975 to July 1996, before 8
being transferred to Fortaleza, capital of the northeastern state of Ceara, he opposed the military regime and backed workers strikes. He had a special role in the 1978 metalworkers' strike, which was led by Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, who was a runnerup in the last two presidential races. Don Claudio even allowed Lula da Silva to make political speeches during his masses. When the leadership of FIESP (Federacao das Inclustrias do Estado de Sao Paulo--Sao Paulo State Industries Federation) asked him to intermediate a strike negotiation with workers he adamantly refused, arguing: "The church cannot have the role of mediator because it is firmly behind one side, that of the workers." "He was spectacular, he was our support," recalls Jair Meneguelli, House representative from the PT (Partido dos Trabalhadores—Workers Party) and former president of CUT (Central Unica dos Trabalhadores—Unified Workers' Central). "Don Claudio has a beautiful character," declared Lula upon knowing about the Pope's selection. "I am very happy with his choice. He was extraordinary in every respect. He entirely supported our families and workers." The archbishop's short stay in Fortaleza— he took the place of liberal Don Aloisio Lorscheider, who was sent to Aparecida do Norte, a kind of Catholic Gulag— was not without conflict with the more progressive clergy. A group of priests even signed an open letter criticizing his work. Don Arns leaves in sao Paulo a large contingent of priests tuned with his more socially aggressive ttethods and some fear that new shocks will come. He has been thought as a moderate since the 1995 CNBB (Conferencia Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil—National Conference of Brazilian Bishops). Responsible for the Family Pastoral Work he helped organize Pope John Paul II recent visit to Rio. He also got closer to Rio's conservative cardinal Don Eugenio de AraUjo Salles, one of the most powerful prelates in Brazil. Salles turned 75 in 1995. One year older than Don Paulo he also presented his resignation to the Pope, but there is no sign that John Paul II is looking for someone to substitute him. During the '70s Don Hummes was considered a member of the progressive wing of the Church, but his choice by the pope was being celebrated by the more conservative clergy. Don Claudio himself avoids labels telling that he is a pastor who follows the Pope's directives. Renowned Dominican friar Betto, who worked closely with Don Hummes and who knew first-hand the prisons and methods of the military regime, believes that the new cardinal hasn't changed and that people who think differently are in for a surprise. To call him today a conservative is an injustice, says Frei Betto, one of the leaders of the religious left: "This is an unfair label. It wasn't he who changed, but the circumstances." Frei Betto should know. Despite all the pressure against him since 1978 he was maintained until today as head of the Pastoral Operaria (Workers Pastoral Program) in the ABCD region with total backing from Don Hummes. "There is much more in common between Don Claudio and Don Paulo than our vain philosophy let us believe," says Frei Betto, adding: "I am willing to make a bet. He always had lots of affection for Lula. I will even bet that he voted for Lula." The new archbishop believes that social problems in Sao Paulo have worsened considerably since the '70s. While workers fought for better salaries two decades ago, he points out, today they are striving to just get a job. He faults the neoliberalism adopted by the President Fernando Henrique Cardoso administration for the country's rampant unemployment. And he defends the Movimento dos Sem Terra (The Landless Movement), arguing that people should be encouraged to organize themselves to defend their rights. He also BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
seems to approve land invasions—an action often taken by the landless—when he reminds that the Church defends private property, but "with social responsibility." Says the new archbishop: "Church's primary mission is religious. It is to bring people Christ's teachings. To accept Christ, however, has a social consequence because He preached love of the neighbor. Who adheres to Christ is invited to help and to share with everybody and most of all with the poor and the oppressed who are victims of the social organization. Private property is defended by the Church as a secondary right. The primary right is the universal destination of the goods, meaning that the earthly goods are for all." Don Hummes believes that the tendency is for polarization between conservative and progressive, charismatic and grassroots communities to dissolve. "The Church is a unity and diversity at the same time," he argues. The Fire Within Don Paulo Evaristo Arns had submitted his resignation to the Pope-75 is the compulsory age of retirement for cardinal—on September 1996, when he turned 75. Born in Forquilhinha, in the southern state of Santa Catarina, on September 14, 1921, he was ordained priest on November 30, 1945. He became an auxiliary bishop of Sao Paulo on July 3, 1966 and archbishop of San Paulo, on October 22, 1970. Don Arns was elevated to Cardinal March 5, 1973 by Pope Paul VI. Charismatic and controversial, don Paulo Evaristo Arns has made scores of devoted faithful as well as legions of foes. He has become a mythic figure, a symbol of the fight against repression and injustice. With the change of times and the arrival of democracy his star seems to have dimmed even though inequality and abject misery is still rampant in Sao Paulo. He has always been mistrusted by the Curia Romana due to his connections to Liberation Theology, a religious doctrine that mixes Christian and Marxist elements. When theologian Leonardo Boff was called to Rome by the Office of the Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith—it used to be called the Holy Inquisition—to make his case before Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, the prefect of that office: don Evaristo asked and was allowed to participate in the interrogatory. Recalling that period in an interview with Folha de Sao Paulo in 1996, Boff told about the archbishop's combativeness: "Cardinal Arns even threatened Ratzinger. He said that he would denounce any persecution from the Vatican to the Liberation Theology, in Germany, where we were going to hold conferences before returning to Brazil."
BRAZZIL
998
Soon after assuming the chdiocese, Don Paulo sold Palacio Pio XII, the official residence of the archbishop, use the money for charitable work, and move to a twostory house in the lower middle- lass neighborhood of Sumare. His place as burglarized twice before he decided to ove to his new quarters, a little house on th back of the Sao Bento monastery in downt wn. His 32-year stint at the Sao aulo archdiocese was one of confrontation ith power. In the country against the mili regime (1964-1985), in the church aga st the conservative hierarchy starting wi the Pope and in defense of Liberation eology. In 1989, in a move aimed at dec easing his influence, Pope John Paul II divi • ed the Sao Paulo archdiocese, moving 7,001 priests and nuns to the newly-created Osas o diocese. Arns recalled recently a me ing he had in 1971 with President Gen al Emilio Garrastazu Medici to complain gainst torture, imprisonments and disapp arances. "I became very depressed when e told me: 'The power constituted by the revolution will not move a millimeter fro what it is doing. Priests should stay in e sacristy while we take care of the public rder.' This seemed to me a great offense to e Catholic Church and the citizens." His crusade for political pr soners has been portrayed in the 1985 b ok Brasil: Nunca Mais (Brazil: Never Ag in), an allencompassing report on torture d repression during the military regime. s for the 20 years of being hassled and hara sed by the Holy See he says that he doesn t hold any grudges: "They would weight t • o much if! had to carry them with me.' Don Arns hasn't changed. en there were no more political prison rs he kept fighting for the common inmate He will be out of a post, but not out of acti n, since he intends to contin e working among poor chil en and old people. He chose other modest residence in th Sao Paulo working-class sub bofJacana to be close to a p or seniorcitizens shelter. Says the Card al: "Brazil's demociatizat on will always be incomplet before we can guarantee the h nor of citizenry to all Braz lians." He plans to write his utobiography now. Author. 47 books Don Arns promises revelations prospected from is archives with never-reveal d information about the acti of known military and politicians during e so-called lead years of the military dicta orship. He will have no post in the archdio ese, but he will keep his position at the Cur a Romana, being allowed to vote for a new ope in case there is such a need.
according to Sudene (Superintendencia do Desenvolvimento do Nordeste—Northeast's Development Superintendency). In Afogados de Ingazeira, state of Pernambuco, a crowd of hungry peasants looted 17 tons of food from the Programa Comunidade Solidaria (Solidarity Community Program). Army troops were sent and Zenildo Lucena, the Army minister himself visited the city. According to a report by Rio's daily 0 Globo, the city of Sao Jose do Behnonte, also in Pernambuco, created a curious classification for those in need: the poor families, the very poor, and the "miserably dead". They are those who are expected to die because they have nothing to eat. In Cedro, where 95% of the bean and corn crops were lost, a 46-year-old peasant called Joao Miguel do Naschnento in despair for not being able to feed his family hanged himself. He left home with a cord saying he was going out to make a swing for his little son. That was the cord he used in his desperate act. The police were called to protect businesses and government food depots after several instances of looting in dozens of cities, with thousands of hungry peasants carrying off tons of food. Others have resorted to eating wild vegetation, rodents, and scavenging for food in garbage cans. Palma, a bitter cactus used as cattle food when there is nothing else left is the only food many people are having. In some cases the water being consumed is mixed with mud. In all this misery a piece of meatless
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
bone boiled in water may be seen as a banquet. The federal government recognized the seriousness of the situation saying that the drought could affect as many as 10 million people, and promised an emergency package to solve the problem. Jose Rainha Jr., MST's (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra— Movement of Landless Rural Workers) leader, who has been organizing the plundering, blamed the federal government for the crisis, adding that the Cardoso administration would have done nothing if it weren't for the widespread looting. Not before April 30 the federal administration started its cesta basica (basic package) program offering one million food packs to the 1236 municipalities placed on the critical list. By the government own admission it didn't amount to much. The food would help only half of those in need and the packages containing rice, beans, manioc, pasta and milk were reduced from its usual 19 kg (42 lb.) to 10 kg (22 lb.). The very-short lived solution that still had to be delivered at the municipalities' expense cost $8 (eight) a piece. The looting has also caused some sparks between the government and the Catholic Church hierarchy since some bishops defended the rights of people to looting when hungry. The President called the bishops' posture irresponsible. Trying to put an end to the controversy, Don Luciano Mendes de Almeida, Mariana's archbishop and the president of CNBB (Conferencia Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil—Brazilian Bishops National Conference) declared: "The Church's response will be our action, in the dioceses, with a great collective effort in favor of
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ation
high cholesterol count. Ironically he felt the first pains of the attack that would kill him a few hours later while in a seven-mile walk The deaths only two days apart of in Brasilia, Brazil's capital, under a two of the most prominent leaders and scorching sun. As soon as he came allies of the Fernando Henrique Cardoso back home, he called the father: "I am administration has cast across the nation feeling very bad." He was taken to the a shadow of mourning and doubts that Santa Lucia hospital the government will be able and the doctors were to go ahead full-steam with getting ready to install jernal da tarde its privatization program a preventive pace2' and the constitutional remaker when at 6:00 PM 4s,voNwn form to streamline the state his heart stopped. For LOS EDUARDO bureaucracy. the next two hours they MORRE AOS 43 ANOS Sergio Roberto Vieira tried in vain to resuscidaMotta, 57, the loquacious tate him. Luis Eduardo and controversial Presiwas conscious till the dent's close friend and offiend talking with the cious spokesman, and chief doctors and being reaspolitical coordinator, was in sured that everything charge of the Communicawould end up OK. tions Ministry and had Son of Antonio started the privatization of Carlos Magalhaes, prethe state telecommunicasident of the Senate, the tions monopoly. Luis Eduyounger Magalhaes ardo Maron de Magalhaes , was the shiniest politi43, Cardoso's point man in cal star of his generathe lower house of congress, CPI CONTRA PITTA POOE COMICAR NOTE tion and a likely candiwas famous for his easy date for the presidency transit and fairness among in the 2002 elections. The pride of the allies and opposition. old Magalhaes—"He inherited all of After some soul searching, Cardoso my virtues and none of my shortcomcut short a four-day state visit to Spain ings," the senator used to tell people— and flew back directly to Salvador, capihis most praised asset was his ability to tal of Bahia state, to be on -Magalhaes's negotiate all across the political specwake. The president also used the double trum. loss for a political appeal to lawmakers Luis Eduardo was groomed for so that they would approve a bill limitpower by his father, a powerful politiing pensions, which is stalled in Concal boss in the state of Bahia who gress for three years. In a move critiallied himself to Cardoso to guarantee cized by some as crass opportunism and the President' selection. Fadisrespect for the deceased, ther and son continued Cardoso said: "The greatest backing the President tribute to their memory is to through their party, the cenvote for the measures they ter-right PFL (Partido da worked so hard on. There is Frente Liberal—Liberal no reason to postpone this." Front Party). The incertitude about the The young Magalhaes future brought out by the became a state legislator at deaths shook also the stock age 23. In 1986 he was market, which accumulated elected to the Chamber of losses. Sao Paulo stock exDeputies, Brazil's Lower change, the nation's largest, House, being reelected in declined 2.7 percent the day 1990 and again in 1994. As following Magalhaes death president of that body he and fell another 1.1 percent earned a reputation as fairthe next day. Luis Eduardo and Serfao minded politician, who Magalhaes demise—his could listen to and negotiyouthful looks made him ate with the opposition. It was very seem a very healthy person—has rofitting then that many touching tribyoked a dramatic increase of calls to utes to Magalhaes came from his opdoctors and medical check ups by those ponents. The young politician was a executives who like the promising policandidate for governor in his native tician don't pay attention to their health. Bahia in the October national elecThe politician, who died of a heart attions and he was considered a shoe-in tack, was a two-pack-a-day smoker, a for the post. heavy drinker, and a workaholic with a
Cardoso Left Orphan
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
The old Magalhaes's despair gave a mouth and he antagonized friends d touch of Greek tragedy to the unexfoes alike. He neither spared his • .1pected death. He cried openly and inleagues in the Cabinet nor the First L dy consolably, and also brought tears to Ruth Cardoso.. Talking about. Corn ieverybody else, including Cardoso, who dade Solidaria (Solidarity Cornmuni ), approached him at his son's coffin side. the social program she presides, M • tta More than once he was heard saying: "I commented: "This, excuse-me the wi d, lost my life. Why him and not me?", sociologic masturbation irritates me • ewhile caressing with both hands his dead cause it doesn't get any result." son's face. Cardoso was also witness of One of his most outrageous c Luis Eduardo's younger son despair. ments, which would ostracize him in The boy, who has the same name of the some countries, was directed agai St father, but is known as Doquinha, also former mayor of Sao Paulo, Lu za touched the dead father's head and reErundina: "Erundina was the worst as peated crying, "Please, please," looking mayor and now she is incredibly, o rheavenwards as in hope for divine interbearing. It must be the age, the me o vention. Close by, Michelle, the widow, pause." hugged the couple's two other children, Inspiration for his tirades could co e Ana Carolina and Paula. from the most unsuspected sourc s. The old senator stayed close to the Watching a cow peacefully grazing in coffin inside Salvador's Centro AdminisEurope in June 1997 he commented: "It trativo Sao Sebastiao until an unruly was in large tits like those that the Id crowd forced him into a VIP room. Close Brazilian elite used to suck in the pat." to 20,000 Baianos came to pay their last For all of this and since the Presid nt tribute to the young Magalhaes, but most maintained him in his post despite all he of them were there in respect for the crises he provoked, Serjao was belie ed family's patriarch, who is venerated as a to be the government's loose canno id saint by many in Bahia. There were telling what the President and his ai es flowers in abundance. Men, women and thought but had no guts to say. children weren't ashamed of crying out It was to defend Luis Eduardo at loud, several people fainted due to the Cardoso had a rare public gesture of emotionS and the heat, chairs were broreproach against his all-powerful mi isken, and for some time the 400 policeter. After Motta criticized the Lo er men in charge of maintaining the order House whip for not having enough cm nwere not able to reign in the crowd. For trol of the situation in Congress, he a moment it was total chaos, with people young Magalhaes demanded an apol • gy screaming and gushing each other. and threatened to resign his post. i he Dangerously President complied, going personally on Frank TV and apologizing. Communications Minister Sergio Even when carrying around his o yMotta died on April 19 of a pulmonary gen tank with two hoses sticking ut infection following several ailments. He from his nose—a device Motta got at he was one of the founders of the PSDB end of March after a trip to the Natio al (Partido da Social Denriocracia BrasiJewish Hospital in Denver—. e leira—Brazilian Social Democracy President's friend acted like an imm • rParty), the President's party. This tal. "I have nothing of the things peo • le Paulistano (from Sao Paulo city) with a say I have," he declared in January. "I degree in industrial engineering was a have no tumor, no high pressure,! have 't workaholic incapable of relaxing been to an I U, even after a heart attack at the end of CPI PITTA \AI TER DE DEPCR and there are no 1995. problems with y jornal_da, tarde The Minister was obese—hence legs. I have ab being also known as Serjao or Big lutely nothing.' Sergio--, diabetic, hypertensive, and When Mo ta had three coronary bypasses. In spite entered for ii e of all of this he kept his daily routine fifth time the h sof drinking several doses of whiskey pital in the I st and eating high-cholesterol food. He three and a 111 lf loved a Big Mac and told friends that years, Luis Ei uhe could abuse a little with what he ardo Magalh es ate since he used to administer himcommente : self a higher dose of insulin than he "Motta's wi hwas supposed to get. drawal would be Motta, nicknamed trator or bullthe worst loss at dozer, for hisbulldozer for its lack of government co Id subtleties seemed like an official suffer." He di 't bully. Often his foot ended up in his know a thing. ************** • • • • • • • • • • • BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
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the Northeast." CNBB's general assembly voted in favor of a national campaign to collect money and food in its 8,000 parishes. The resources were to be channeled through Caritas, a Church organization specialized in social programs. The culture of drought has its own glossary: Algaroba—drought resisting edible plant Ancoreta—rubber pail for keeping water Banho de lapada—pail bath Barreiro (literally mud place)—improvised dam to keep water Cacirnba—water left in dry riverbed holes Cama de galinha (lit. chicken's bed)—cattle ration Macambira—wild plant used as food Quengo—half of a ' coconut shell used as a bowl Roladeira—a large keg that is filled up with water and rolled with the help of ropes Torta (lit. pie)—cattle ration Pretty Poor and Dirty • Rich • • • • •
New numbers released by the World Bank in April tell that 4% of the world's very poor are in Brazil and that 23.6% of Brazilians earn $1 or less a day. According to the report Brazil is below Latin America's average in several indexes. While 9% of children between the ages of 10 to 14 work in Latin America as a whole, this rate raises to 16% in Brazil. The country also presents one of the world's worst cases of economic disparity, with the 20% richer controlling 64.2% of the wealth, while the bottom 20% are left with ' 8.3 % of the goods.
The sobering news was made public April 17, the same day Edward Amadeo, Brazil's Labor Minister, announced that the country's monthly minimum wage was being raised from $105 to $114. According to the Minister, 22.5 million workers or 6.07% of those legally hired get the minimum. Amadeo explained that with this latest increase the Cardoso administration was making good on its campaign pledge of doubling the minimum. Not so fast, say the technicians from Dieese (Departamento Intersindical de Estatisticas e Estudos SOcio-economicos—Interunion Department of SocioEconomic Studies) who disagree with the official conclusion. To double that value, they say the minimum should have been increased to $177. To arrive to this number they factored a 43,83% inflation increase since January 1,1995, the day Cardoso was inaugurated. According to economist Sergio Mendonca, in reality the minimum has shrunk in buying power when compared to the salary paid in May 1995. "At the time the minimum was worth $117 in today's money," he says. According to IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica— Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), there are 13.2 million Brazilians, or 19.4 % of the economic active population, getting minimum wage (this includes wage earners and retired people receiving a pension). Those receiving three minimum wages represent 19.6 percent of the active population. Only 2.6% of the active population or 1.8 million Brazilians earn more than 20 minimum wages a month. Another 3.5 million (2.6% of the active population) get between 10 and 20 minimums.
12
Complete, Well Almost Since being introduced in Brazil in 1975 the Novo Dicionorio da Lingua Portuguesa by Aurelio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira became a classic selling 13 million copies. So respected is the 1840-page lexicon that Aurelio today in Brazil is synonym for dictionary. The vastly popular dictionary published by Editora Nova Fronteira was helped by a simple fact: there was no competition. There wasn't. Now Editora Melhoramentos has come up with a bigger, more exhaustive, more up-to-date and also cheaper product. The Moderno Dicionario da Lingua Portuguesa or Michaelis—the name comes from sisters Henriette and Carolina Michaelis de Vasconcelos, who compiled a Portuguese dictionary in Portugal at the end of the 19th Century—has 201,174 terms including a thick volume of computer words. The Aurelio, whose latest updating occurred 12 years ago, records 75,000 less words. By comparison, the Webster's Third New International Dictionary has in excess of 450,000 words in a 2664-page volume. On the preface for the 1961 edition, the Webster 's editor revealed that the preparation of the book had consumed 757 editor-years, not counting the work of typists, clerical assistants, photocopiers and over 200 consultants. The new Brazilian dictionary has been a ten-year enterprise, which involved as many as 84 people, including lexicographs, etymologists, expert contributors, and proofreaders. New words like "deletar" and "inicializar" have been added to the lexicon due to its common use among the digerati, even though the Portuguese has more than fitting terms to substitute them. Other words such as software, download, factoring, and kickboxing were included without any Portuguesifying. As dictionary however, the Michaelis commits the mortal sin of adopting a politicallycorrect posture, which occurs in several instances. While in the Aurelio, one of the meanings for judeu (Jew) is "evil, stingy, usurer individual", this common meaning is ignored by the Michaelis. Preto de alma branca (black with a white soul), vagabunda meaning prostitute, and paraiba meaning a virago, are some other omissions.
Man Nude As a public utility service to its female readers, Folha de Silo Paulo, Brazil's leading daily paper, with a Sunday circulation of more than 800,000 copies, promoted a campaign to find out who was the soccer player that female readers would like to see naked in a magazine. The vote was taken in the Internet. In the competition announced and generously covered by the printed version of the paper, Rai, a Brazilian soccer star now playing in Paris, came in first with 45% of the votes. Explaining her vote for the soccer ace, Lydia Cruz, 37, a clerk, told Folha: "Rai is naturally sexy. His mouth alone makes him deserving of a frontal nude shot. I think women prefer much more a guy like that than an "animal" like Edmundo." Not quite. Edmundo, whose nickname is Animal, came in second with 31 percent of the votes. "He is everything," told promoter Meire Pignadelli, 25. "In a scale from zero to ten, I will give Edmundo a 10. The third place in the survey went to Ronaldinho, the world's best soccer player. Renato Gaucho came in fourth, and Tfilio in fifth. These same readers said that is time for Brazil to have a magazine with naked men. BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
al=
What a Life! A heart attack sealed for ever the mouth of one of the most prolific and beloved Brazilian crooners, Nelson Goncalves. The 78-year-old singer who suffered from lung emphysema for many years, but who kept an active agenda till the end, died April 18 at his daughter Margareth's house in Gavea, a neighborhood in Rio's south side. He was living with his daughter since separating from his wife Maria Luiza a year and a half ago. They had lived together since the '60s. The singer had seven children, five ofthem adoptive. On October 1996 he had suffered another heart attack and was taken to an ICU (Intensive Care Unit). The crooner was buried under applause and the accords of one ofhis most loved songs, "A Volta do Boemio" (The Bohemian's Return). In a recent interview with Rio daily Jornal do Brasil the singer dreamed of a glorious death: "It will be during a nationwide TV program. The orchestra will start the music and then I will interrupt and say: 'My friends, my artistic career is right now getting to an end. Farewell.' Distrustful of the respect Brazilians reserve for its idols he made a wish that wasn't granted him. "I want to be cremated," he said, "so nobody will be able to come and pee over my tomb. The powerfully-voiced romantic balladeer—so powerful that he could do without a microphone—was looking forward to a golden disc award (for records that sell more than 100,000 copies) given him for Ainda E Cedo (It's Still Early), a CD with rock and MPB (Mnsica Popular Brasileira—Brazilian Popular Music) tunes. Recorded in September of last year, Ainda E Cedo was his 128th disc. He recorded more than 2,000 songs and sold more than 78 millions copies of his tunes. His own life had much of the drama of the despairridden songs he sang. Born on June 26, 1919, in Santana do Livramento, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Antonio Goncalves Sobral moved with his family to the working-class neighborhood of Bras, Sao Paulo, when he was six. He changed his name to Nelson before turning 20 because he liked the sonority of the new name. His father was the owner and his mother the dancer on a little circus. Composer Adelino Moreira, his most frequent partner, says that Goncalves was really born in Portugal, but did not want to reveal this for fear of losing fans. Nelson was a stutterer. His father, a Portuguese by the name of Manuel, was a small time con who would play the guitar on open markets, sometimes pretending to be a blind man while little Nelson perched on a soapbox would sing and collect money from the compassionate audience. As a child, Nelson worked as paperboy and shoeshine boy. Later he also tried his hand as barber, car mechanic, and waiter in a bar owned by his older brother in Avenida Sao Joao in downtown sao Paulo. It is said that he got enough money to move to Rio, then the federal capital, by pocketing part of the money paid by customers. His romantic life was stormy and his personal life deserving of a bad and outlandish soap opera. His descent into hell BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
apparently start -d in sao Paulo at the end of the '50s after being "betraye by the woman I loved." At that time he became addicte rn to cocaine, a problem that dogged him from 1958 to 1973. Bully, womanizer, and a gigolo f four prostitutes from Lapa, in Rio, he arried three times. The singer also spent me in jail accused of drug trafficking. He was 18 when he had his first chance as singer after winning a talent show at Radio upi in sao Paulo. Two years later, in 1939 he oved to Rio, where in 1941 RCA-Victor MG-Ariola today) would record his first isc including Ataulfo Alves's samba "Sintoe Bern" (I Feel Good). That same year Nelson was elected by the aders of Revista do Radio as Rei do Radio ing of Radio). One year later he was hired s a crooner by fabled hangout-for-theealthy Copacabana Palace Hotel. His 1946 cording, "Maria Betania," a classic by P rnambucano (from Pernambuco state) cornser Capiba, was the reason famed singer aria Bethania got her name. But the tune that most people associate with !waives was recorded in 1953. It is "A Volta Boemio" (The Bohemian's Return) comsed by his most constant partner, Adelino oreira. Together they created anthological ces of Brazilian sentimentality and kitsch, ngs like "Deus do Asfalto" (God of the phalt), "Escultura" (Sculpture), "Extase", ariposa" (Moth) and "Fica Comigo Esta ite" (Stay With Me Tonight). This was a bountiful partnership that lasted oughout the '50s, even though sometimes it is not very clear which was Nelson Goncalves's participation. There is no doubt, however, that it was thanks to his stirring voice that the songs became such a big hit. In 1961 he sang at New York's City Hall, but by 1962 his career seemed finished due to his drug problems. Three years later he rebounded with the LP A Volta do Boemio n° I (The Bohemian's Return No. 1). His life inspired a successful play called Metralha (Machine Gun) by Stella Miranda with actor Dio o Vilela interpreting the singer. Nelson saw the play and w s moved by it. Metralha was the nickname he got as a child fo stammering, even though the singer tells a di erent story, that he got the epithet for talking to • fast. "I am not a stutterer," he used to say, "I ju want to talk as fast as I think." With Francisco Alves, Orlando Silva and Si io Caldas, Nelson Goncalves made up the qu et of the vastly popular male singers who win Brazilians' hearts in the 40s. He was the last su ivor. Nelson Goncalves became that4are character in Brazil: a non-foreign artist considered a cu t figure. Superstitious in extreme, he used to carry around an array of religious amulets from 09r Lady medals and crucifixes to voodoo symbo s like Ogum, Xango and Oxala charms. In an interview with Brazilian Playboy published in March, the crooner confided, "I am 78, but I feel like a 25-year-old youngster." Macho man till the end, he had implanted a penile prosthesis. 13
cif tlie
Vitoria In the next few weeks Brazil will get a chance to go where no mortal has gone before. It will be running in the fields of France in search of the elusive glory of becoming for the fifth time the world's top dog in soccer, of being pentacampeoes. No wonder there is little else to talk on Brazilian streets these days besides Ronaldinho, Romario, and Taffarel, the semi-gods who will be carrying the colors ol the country and the hopes and anxieties of 160 million souls. In bookstores new fiction and nonfiction works talk about futebol, the same on movie theaters, and hit songs hit the same note. On TV, radio, newsstands and here you cannot escape the rolling little ball 'filled with Brazil's emotions. RODOLFO ESPINOZA The Maracana was packed. Built in Rio for the 1950 World Cup as the world's largest soccer stadium with room for 200,000 spectators this shrine to futebol, the passion of nine out of 10 Brazilians, is still an impressive place despite the state of disrepair in which it has sunk. The Maracana was packed on April 29, with a crowd willing to give the national team a good-bye party filled with applause, cheering and good wishes. After all, this was their last game before embarking to France where the players intend to win for the fifth time soccer's World Cup trophy. The cheers of Brazil pentacampedo though soon turned into jeers while a visibly lost team couldn't keep its eye on the ball and pose any serious threat to its adversary: Argentina. Frustrated the fans started applauding the Argentines, who ended up winning the friendly that was also a test of the Brazilian seleceio, or national team. The Brazil vs. Argentina game is emblematic of the situation the Brazilian national soccer team is in. Favorite to win the Cup, with a spate of world-class stars, the team made up of Brazilian soccer players playing in several countries, hasn't had enough time to practice together. And the applause-turned-into-boos shows that the Brazilian love for its heroes is just skin deep, and that its apparent devotion is not more than a fair-weather commitment. The we've-already-won climate has fizzled fast. And many Brazilians seem to agree that is the best that could have happened. Apparently humbled by the good-bye game results, head coach Mario Lobo Zagallo assumed responsibility for the loss. -Going into France, we'll have to play much better," he said. "Argentina had a much better rhythm and rhythm is very important. The Brazilian team didn't play to my satisfaction." This is the same Zagallo, who soon after the announcement on December 4, 1997, of Brazil's opponents in the first round—Scotland. Morocco and 141!rway—, gloated: -We have killed three bunnies with one stone. There are only seven games before Brazil becomes pentacampetio.Star player Romario, the most celebrated name four years ago during the World Cup in the USA, also had words of self-criticism. Despite all the self-flagellation at home, the land offutebol is seen as the frank favorite by the rest of the world. In the 15 World Cups that Brazil participated, it played 73 matches winning 49, losing 11, and tying 13 times. The majority of coaches and players of the other 31 squads participating in the Cup also seem to agree that the country is the favorite. Brazil is the only country that has won four times the competition and experts say 14
BRAiZ L MAY 1998
that the country hasn't had such a strong squad since 1982, when the seleceio did not win, but gave a show of an entertainingly superior game. • What's wrong with Brazilians? They do not just expect their team to win every time they play, they want also the players to put on a great show. For the coaches this becomes mission impossible. Head coach Zagallo, pragmatic, defends a more defensive and European style of game. Curiously, he was also at the helm in 1974 when Brazilians opted for this less flamboyant way of playing. The country came in fourth place and Zagallo was harshly panned for what was considered a disaster, a national tragedy. Despite all the Brazilian misgivings the national team is also the favorite for London's bookmakers. Those betting on Brazil will get a skimpy 3 pounds for every pound bet. Next in line are Germany, France and Italy, paying 4 to 1. England and Holland are eight to one. Argentina is number seven in the ranking paying 12 to 1, followed by Spain (14 to 1). Commenting on the chances of Brazil in France, Reuters's reporter, Brian Homewood, wrote: "Brazilian soccer fans believe that a fifth world title is little more than a formality for a team that boasts players such as Ronaldo, Roberto Carlos and Romario. But Brazil's opponents can take heart from the fact that the defending champions have learned little from the mistakes made in the past. "Over-confidence, a tendency for players to negotiate club deals during the World Cup, and internal wrangling have all hit Brazil during previous tournaments and there are indications that they could strike again in France.(...) The old story that Brazil could be their own worst enemies also rings true. hi past World Cups, particularly in 1990, players have had their attentions divided by agents trying to negotiate transfers to new clubs. This could happen once again. The Brazilian Soccer Confederation (CBF) has said that it will not ban cellular phones, inseparable companions to most players, thus enabling agents to be in permanent contact with members of the squad." Too Many Stars Brazil has a so-vast talent pool to draw from, that the country can afford itself the luxury ofnot using superstar players such as Barcelona strikers Sonny Anderson and Rivaldo, and Paris St Germain's Rai. Brazil is a non-stop soccer player factory churning out talented players, hundreds of which end up playing for foreign teams in Europe, the Americas, India, Africa and Japan. According to Ricardo Teixeira, president of CBF (Confederaean Brasileira de Futebol—Brazilian Soccer Confederation), Brazil will spend close to $7 million with the national team in its quest for the pentacampedo title. "Players will have everything at their disposal," he said. "They will lack nothing." Every player will get $150,000 or even $170,000 if Brazil gets the title. In the latest Cup in the U.S., the prize was $130,000. The selecao has already been called—and it is not hard to understand why— a "cauldron of vanities". These are super-inflated egos and some prima donnas, getting millionaire salaries and undivided adulation in their own teams, who suddenly have to share the spotlight with other big stars. Sometimes it is hard to pinpoint where the playfulness stops and the mean jealousy starts as an incident last December during the Confederations Cup in Saudi Arabia shows. Led by Flavio Conceicao and Ze Roberto, a group of rowdy players invaded one night their colleagues' hotel rooms and used an electric razor to shave their heads. A simple prank? If it was, not everybody was amused. Midfielder Leonardo and defender Goncalves, for example, were reportedly fuming after the forced shaving. One controversy that has dogged the selegdo is the use of players over the age of 30. There are many people who criticize the drafting of people like Aldair (32), Dunga (34) and Romario (32), who were on the team that won the latest Word Cup in the US, but who didn't seem very inspired in several games in preparation for France. Coach Zagallo himself excluded from the team other tetracampe5es like Jorginho, Rai, and Mazinho on grounds that they were too old. He seemed intent on striking a balance between younger and faster players and those older, but more experienced, promising at the same time a younger team. The squad that won the final game against Italy in the 1994 Cup had an average age of 27.1 years with only two players over 30. This time there are six players over that age. The team that will play the first game in France will have an average of 28.4 years. When you compare the 22 draftees in 1994 and 1998 though, there is a virtual tie: 27,4 and 27,3 respectively. A Nation in Soccer Shoes No other country has been more closely linked to the World Cup than Brazil. The nation is the only one to have participated in every single international championship since its 1930 debut. Not that this always made any difference. In Uruguay in 1930 and then in Italy four years later the Brazilian presence was meteoric. Brazilians played a couple of lackluster matches before being eliminated. In 1930 they were eliminated after two games. In 1934 it took only one match before they had to return home. The first time around the dispute between CBD (Confederacao Brasileira de Desportos—Brazilian Sports Confederation) and APEA (Associacao Paulista de BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Esportes Atleticos—Sao Paulo Association of Athletic Sports) prevented the participation of Paulista players in the world competition. APEA insisted to no avail that a Paulista were included in the national delegation's technical committee. By 193 the Brazil team had improved considerably and gave already hints of the powerhouse it would become. That year in France, Brazil got an honorable—today it would be considered a shameful— third place. Leonidas da Silva—called Diamante Negro (Black Diamond) in Brazil and Rubber Man in Europe—was that Cup's hero, scoring eiglr goals, more than anyone else. When the games restarted in 1950 after a 12-year interruption due to the Second World War, Brazil was already afutebol superpower. So much so that Rio de Janeiro was chosen as host city for the 1950 World Cup. These Were memorable times with Brazil beating Spain 6 to 1 and pummeling Sweden by 7 to 1. Brazilians were sure they would be the 1950 champions and nobody could believe when the final result came in a muted Maracana filled with 200,000 fans: Uruguay 2, Brazil I. The preSence of big names like Nilton Santos, Djalma Santos, Didi, and Julinho wasn't enough in 1954 in Switzerland. Brazil lost 4 to 2 to Hun5y, being eliminated in the quarters of final. 1958. is was a great time for Brazilians. A time of relative prosperity d happiness, when every dream seemed possible. 1958 was also the year in which for the first time Brazil won the World Cup and with this victory the feeling that from then on it was entitled to it every four years. 1958 also brought the dawn of Pele's kingdom and the incredib e ballet of a crooked-leg player known as Garrincha. There was a glorious final with Brazil beating the home team, Sweden, 5 to 2. Pele coild barely help four years later in Chile. He got hurt in the second game and was out. Amarildo took Pele's place and was brilliant. GIn 'ncha kept on shining. Brazil became champion for the second time 'n a row defeating Czechoslovakia by 3 to 1 in the final. In 1966 Brazil was so full of self-confidence that head coach Vicente Feola drafted 44 players, enough to fill four world-class teams. Or so they thbught. Total disaster. Pete and Garrincha were still there, but the Brazilian national team was sent back home in the first phase of the competition. 1970 was another memorable year for the national soccer. Pele and company, including Tostao, Rivelino, Jairzinho, and Gerson gave a show to the 'world and were celebrated as demigods by a cheering Mexican population. With a 4 to 1 victory against Italy, Brazil by being a third time world champion closed an era in soccer history taking home the Jules RiMet Trophy, which was then substituted with the current FIFA TrophY. Learning to Lose Then, th re were 24 years of fasting. Even though Brazilians were always hope I that their team would make it, they were not particularly impre sed with their selectio in 1994 when they got the letracampednato. Before becoming tetracampeties, in the intervening years betwe n Mexico City (1970) and Los Angeles (1994), Brazil went through a bumpy road. The selecdo came in fourth in 1974 in West Germany and in third four years later in Argentina. In Spain, in 1982, Brazil gave a show, but once again didn't make it too far, letting the soccer bosses to start thinking that it was time to stop cultivating the so-called art football and start playing a football of results. The new tactics allied to the presence of stars like Zico, Falcao, SOcrates, Leandro, Junior, Cerezo, and Eder, though, were not enough and Brazil was eliminated by Italy. France was the one who eliminated Brazil in 1986 with the games held once again in Mexico. In 1990, under coach Sebastiao Lazaroni, the seleccio as full tilt in what was derisively called the "Dunga Era" —a referenae to midfielder Dunga, who is admired more for his physical strength than for inspired shots. Brazil was out of competition in the eighthS of final. The same scheme—uninspired and shameful for some—was used by coach Carlos Alberto Parreira, in '94 to win the World Cup in the U.S.. The presence of the duo Romario and Bebeto and their individual talents were decisive for the Brazilian victory. While the rest of the team was gl d to the opponents preventing them from doing much, the two gifted pl yers were loose scoring goals. At the end Brazil won, but Brazilians w re not really happy. There was not their game—it ended in a scoreles tie—and the lackluster victory against Italy in penalty kicks didn't 1ignify the national game. When Brakes Fail Brazilian players have had a rough time dealing with their own 15
frustrations in the field. Self-control is not something the national team can boast about. Temper outbursts by Brazilian players have resulted in eight expulsions during world-cup games, or 11 percent of the 72 red cards flashed at the 15 world cups held until now. And this is not only because the country has entered more world championships than any other country. In comparison, Germany, which like Brazil played 73 games in world cups, has had three expulsions. In 1994, for example, the Brazilian squad had to play against the United States with only 10 players after Leonardo was expelled at the beginning of the match. The Brazilian player hit with the elbow American Tab Ramos, who was taken to the hospital with cranial traumatism. In the 1970 Cup, Pete hit an Uruguayan player with his elbow too. Spanish referee Ortiz de Mendibil didn't see it then, but it could have been just cause to expel the player, possibly harming seriously the Brazilian team. Has being Latin American anything to do with explosive temperament? Apparently yes. Following in the list of teams with the largest number of expelled players is Argentina with seven red cards, close followed by the Uruguayans (six expulsions). Scotland, Morocco, and Norway, the three opponents of Brazil in the first phase in France never had to deal with expulsions. Zagallo is worried with his compatriots' short fuse and their ability to commit fouls. FIFA has already warned that the referees will be less forgiving than ever come June and July. The Best and the Rest Since winning the '94 World Cup in the U.S., Brazil has maintained its number one position on FIFA's ranking. Germany, which was in first from 1990 to 1993 is now in second place. Czechoslovakia surprisingly comes in third. Despite its lack of tradition in World Cups, that team was the Eurocopa's vice-champion in 1996. Mexico is fourth followed by England. Chile is sixth, coming right before Argentina, the seventh on the list. Yugoslavia is eighth. Morocco, which will play against Brazil in the initial phase of the Cup is the tenth on the ranking. The other two Brazilians opponents on Group A are Norway and Scotland, which are, respectively, 12th and 44th on the list. Spain comes in 10th on FIFA's ranking and Japan is a surprise as number 11. That country never played a Cup. Curiously, Italy, which was vice-champion at the latest World Cup is the 16th on the ranking. The United States comes before the Italians, being number 15 on the list. And France, the host of the games, is in a low 25th place. Say Pretty Please According to an Agence France Press report, the Brazilian government has prepared a manual of good manners for Brazilians going to France to root for the national team. Brazil nationals are not known for good behavior home or on overseas visits. In Orlando, Florida, for example they are famous at Disney World for speaking loudly, not respecting lines, and shoplifting. The Itamaraty (Foreign Ministry) prepared a booklet teaching proper behavior and precautions to be taken. Don't drink too much, British hooligans are to be avoided and do not respond to provocations, says the leaflet to be distributed at travel agencies and at the airport. Brazilians are also advised to always walk in groups and to avoid farfrom-downtown neighborhoods at night.
After winning the Confederations Cup
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The big surprise at the May 5 announcement of the 22 players chosen to represent Brazil in the World Cup was not any name that was left out or unexpectedly included, but coach Zagallo's unheard decision to divulge the line-up for the Braziliart match to be held June 10—it will be Brazil's first game— against Scotia*. Here is the team: Taffarel, Cath, Aldair, Junior Baiano, Roberto Carlos, punga, Cesar Sampaio, Giovanni, Rivaldo, Ronaldo, and Romario. Pete praised ZagalIct for the announcement. "For the first time," the soccer legend said, "the coach hits had the courage to say who will be in the team. This is what we needed to iop the speculation and, have a team that can start • training." Here are the 22 pl yers drafted to defend the Brazilian colors: Goalkeepers: Claudio Andre TAFf AREL (Atletico Mineiro, Minas Gerais state), 32 on May 8. Not better than a dozen or so other outstanding Brazilian goalkeepers. Gets the nod for a great job in two previous world cups. CARLOS GERMANO Schwambach Neto (Vasco da Gama, Rio de Janeiro state), 27. He has shown good performance while substituting Taffarel. Won Brazilian championship in 1997. Nelson de Jesus Silva, DIDA (Cruzeiro, Minas Gerais), 24. Played for the national team for the first time in 1995. He has no experience in world cups. Defenders: ALDAIR Nascimei4o Santos (AS Roma, Italy), 32. Made his debut in the selecjo against Ecuadoiin 1989. Drafted for his experience his more recent performance has been lass than brilliant. ROBERTO CARLOS•da Silva (Real Madrid, Spain), 24. This left-back became famous playingtfbr Palmeiras (Sao Paulo) during the mid '90s. His devastating free-kicks * the terror of every goal-keeper. Marcos Evangelistatcle Moraes, CAFU (AS Roma, Italy), 28 on June 19. He has been a right-back on the national team since 1995. Fast and reliable, despite some erratic crossings. He played for Sao Paulo and Palmeiras, both from Sao Paulo, before moving to Italy. Raimundo Ferreira Ramos Junior, JUNIOR BAIANO (Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro), 27. Has to work his anger. A little too sanguine he is known to snap during the games and hit opponents. This has brought him some expulsions. Likes to forward when there is chance and has already made two goals for the seleccio this way. Marcelo GONcALVES Costa Lopes (Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro), 32. Has played for five yeats in Mexico. A natural leader, he debuted in the national team in 1996 against Russia. Jose Roberto da Silvta Junior, ZE ROBERTO (Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro), 23(24 on July 7). As comfortable as left-back as in midfield. In Brazil played for Portuguesa (Sao Paula) before going to Real Madrid in Spain and then back to Brazil to Flamengo (Rio de Janeiro). MARCIO Roberto dos SANTOS (Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo), 28. He played in Europe at Bordeaux,(France), Fiorentina (Italy), and Ajax (Holland) from 1992 to 1996. He also was on the Brazilian team that won the 1994 World Cup. • •
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Midfielders: LEONARDO Nascimento Araujo (AC Milan, Italy), 28. At the '94 Cup he was prevented from playing most of the games after being expelled for elbowing an opponent. Arguably the most articulated of all the draftees he usually scolds the media for their behavior. Carlos Caetano Bledom Verri, DUNGA (Jubilo Iwata, Japan), 34. He was criticized in the '90 World Cup for being a symbol of an Europeanized style acquired by Brazilian soccer. In 1994 he had the honor to raise at the Rose Bowl, in Pasadena (califomia) the trophy won by the Brazilian squad. Carlos CESAR SAMPAIO Campos (Yokohama Fltigels, Japan), 30. Firm, but little creative. He secured this position for his performance at the 1997 Confederations Cup. FLAVIO da CONCEIcA0 (Deportivo de La Coruna, Spain), 24 on June 12. Played for Palmeiras (Sao Paulo). Debuted in selegeio at the 1996 Olympics. Possesses a treacherous kick, which enabled him to score three goals for the selectio despite his midfield position. WALDO Vito Borba Ferreira (Barcelona, Spain), 26. Played for Corinthians and Palmeiras, both teams from Sao Paulo, before moving to Europe. Has been a better player at his Spanish club than in the Brazilian national squad. The leftfooted ace was made the scapegoat of Brazil's defeat at the 1996 Olympics. DENILSON de Oliveira (Sao Paulo), 20. Head coach Zagallo has called him the closest thing to an old fashioned-winger. This was in praise of still another left-footed player. He started at Sao Paulo when he was 17 and will be joining Spain's Real Betis right after the tournament. Dorival Guidoni Junior, DORIVA (Porto, Portugal), 26 on May 28. Admired mainly for his discipline, he does well the nitty-gritty work in midfield. Played for XV de Piracicaba (interior of Sao Paulo), Sao Paulo, and Atletico Mineiro before moving overseas. GIOVANNI Silva de Oliveira (Barcelona, Spain), 26. Has never played in a world cup but was in 12 games from the national team since 1995, scoring four goals. Very skillful, but sometimes seems just spaced out. Forwards: Ronaldo Luis Nazario de Lima, RONALDINHO (Intemazionale of Milan, Italy), 21. Has become a commercial pitcher for all kinds of products. The world's top player seems to be back to top shape after a period of less than brilliant games for its Italian team a few months ago. ROMARIO de Souza Faria (Flamengo), 32. Much-celebrated Brazilian idol for his brilliant game and five goals at the 1994 World Cup. Controversial and somewhat undisciplined. He went back to Brazil and Flamengo in January after a second try with Spain's Valencia didn't work out. Superb striker, he has scored 41 goals for the seleceio despite a bad attitude that kept him off the national team for long periods. EDMUNDO Alves de Souza Neto (Fiorentina, Italy), 27. Despite his enormous talent the explosive player almost didn't make the final cut due to disciplinary reasons. His has a very telling nickname: Animal. He scored 29 goals for Vasco da Gama during last year's Brazilian championship, a record, making his team the champion, but was also expelled from a game seven times in 1997. He has also played for Flamengo, Palmeiras, and Corinthians. Jose Roberto Gama de Oliveira, BEBETO (Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro) 34. One of the 1994 World Cup heroes he has had a shaky career recently, changing clubs six times in a 18-month period. Scored 33 goals in 66 selecdo games. This will be his third Cup. Some of the players who would have made it in any other national, but who were left out because of the limit of 22: Rai (Paris St. Germain, France), 33 on May 15. The toast of Paris, this debonair midfielder has been featured on the cover of several French general interest and fashion magazines. Started the latest World Cup as captain, but ended it on the bench due to his poor performance. He has recuperated his former good shape since then. Elber (Bayern Munich, Germany), 26. Famous in Europe, but practically unknown in Brazil, from where he left at age 18. Had his first chance in the national team on February. Donizete (Vasco da Gama, Rio de Janeiro), 29. Apparently back in shape after mediocre stints at Portugal's Benfica and Corinthians (Sao Paulo). Debuted in the selectio in 1995. Juninho (Atletico de Madrid, Spain), 25. Made his debut in the selecao in 1995. His star has dimmed somewhat after breaking a leg in February during the Spanish championship. Andre Cruz (AC Milan, Italy), 29. Didn't play for the Brazilian national team since 1989. Plays as central defender and is well known for its explosive left-foot kicks.
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occer is Culture Among he most devoted soccer fans are Bra ilian artists. Some of Brazil's best riters, painters, composers, movie d rectors and playwrights have also p t on their green and yellow irts to celebrate futebol and the World Cup. From June o July 12 the work of painter Rubens Gerchman will be shown in th Esthetique du Football expo to be held at the Jerome de Noirmont g lery at the upscale Avenue de Matignon in the heart of Paris. For close to 40 years now Gerchman has been fascinated by the world of kicks d goals. For this e 'bit he has drafted his own team, which includes present and p soccer idols from Brazil and overseas, names like Denilson, Rom o, Ronaldinho, French Zinedine Zidane, and the old legends Becke bauer, Cruyff, Didi, Garrincha, Pelé, Platini, Puskas, and Zico. Paris will e holding at least two other expositions dealing with futebol and co ting with Brazilian artists. One will be at Galerie Navarro, the o er one at the Louvre's Carroussel from June 6 to June 30. The latter ealled Football Art will have besides Gerchman other renowned Br. 'Ilan painters, namely Ant6nio Henrique do Amaral, Siron Franco, elson Leimer, Roberto Magalhaes, Cildo Meirelles, Glauco Rodri es, Daniel Senise, Carlos Vergara, and Claudio Toni. On the Shelves Although e tremely popular, soccer has inspired just a handful of fictional or no -fictional books on the subject. The panorama has improved in th last few months though. Eighteen new and re-released titles dealing w thfutebol were at hand at the just held Sao Paulo's 15th Bienal do Livr (Book Biennial). Among the titles shown there was Enciclopedia e Todas as Copas do Mundo (Encyclopedia of All World Cups) b Orlando Duarte, De Edson a PeM - A Infeincia do Rei em Bauru (Fro Edson to Pele - The King's Childhood in Baum), a biography by I uiz Carlos Cordeiro of the early life of Pele, who decades after laying Brazilian fields is still known as the King of Futebol. Journalist oao Carlos Assumpcao and Eugenio Goussinslcy tell the history and stories of all the Brazilian national teams since 1914, the year of the irst World Cup, in Deuses da Bola (Ball's Gods). In Viagem ao Pa s do Futebol (Journey to Soccer Country), reporter Mario Magalh es brings to life 15 stories portraying the little-known world of socce players struggling to survive outside the wealthy RioSao Paulo axis. New York based journalist and musical producer, Nelson Motta, wrote Confiss5 s de tim Torcedor (Confessions of a Fan). It is not a book about n es and scores, but more like a backstage-action diary of a soccer afici 'nado, who has followed the world cups since 1966 and knows the und belly of the beast and the way sex and drugs shape the event. 0 Canto s Meus Amores (The Song of My Loved Ones) by Armando No eira is a collection of 101 columns about sports published by t e author in the last five year at Jornal do Brasil, a newspaper fro Rio de Janeiro. The socce motto has also inspired psychologist Suzy Fleury to write Compete cia Emocional -0 Caminho da Vitoria para Equipes de Futebol (E otional Competence - The Winning Way for Soccer Teams). In the fict on field there is On:e em Campo e um Banco de Primeira (Elev n on the Field and a First Rate Bench), a selection of futebol-inspirei short stories signed by such literary stars as Rubem Fonseca, Hilda Hilst, Carlos Eduardo Novaes, Joao Ubaldo Ribeiro, and Sergio San 'Anna. "Some of he tales are from the '30s and '40s, as the ones by Origenes Less and Alcantara Machado; when soccer was barely starting in Br il," says Alberto Schprejer, the owner of Relume Dumard, the pu I isher of the book. "Everybody reads about sports and 17
Mr! there are several authors who write about the subject. This only can enrich our culture," he adds. Also from Relume Dumard is Futebol e Bola na Rede (Futebol Is Ball in the Net) by diplomat Marcio Ramalho. The volume discusses and presents solutions for what the author sees as the present crisis of creativity in the Brazilian soccer. Futebol Arte covers an even larger portion of the literary spectrum reuniting under its cover novelists, poets, composers, social scientists, and newspaper columnists. The close to 300-page work is being released by Sao Paulo's publishing house Empresa das Artes and presents authors such as Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Paulo Mendes Campos, Gilberto Freyre, Chico Buarque de Holanda, Roberto da Matta, and Nelson Rodrigues. TV show host J6 Soares and journalists Juca Kfouri, Sergio Sá Lela:), Armando Nogueira, and Sergio Noronha, put together their own soccer dream team. something most Brazilians seem to have equally done. The book also shows how intellectuals like Oswald de Andrade and Lima Barreto reacted to the introduction of soccer in Brazil. Another work is Brasil Born de Bola (Brazil Good With the Ball), a picture book that skips the soccer idols to concentrate on anonymous faces and lives. In a moving way it presents Brazilians' passion for soccer even in the poorest and most desolate areas. Brasil Boni de Bola will be released on June 15, five days after the start of the W,orld Cup, at the Louvre Museum in Paris. The work is part of the E Tempo de Brasil (It's Brazil's Time) photo-expo that will also be shown in Great Britain, Holland, Spain, and Portugal. Photographer Ed Viggiani coordinated the work that counted with 11 photographers and 11 writers including Luis Fernando Verissimo, Ariano Suassuna, Aldir Blanc, Rita Lee, and Marcelo Rubens Paiva, among others. Pele ‘vrote the preface. On the Screens Rare films have been made about Brazil's soccer passion. Asa Branca — Urn Sonho Brasileiro (Asa Branca —A Brazilian Dream) by Djalma Limongi Batista—a filmmaker from Amazonas state—, released in 1981, is one such exception. Now there is Boleiros — Era uma Vez o Futebol (Ball Players — Once Upon a Time Soccer), a film that gave the initial kick late April on a series of full-length and documentary movies on futebol. "There so much to tell about soccer, that the subject would inspire at least 50 other stories," said Ugo Georgetti, the Paulistano (from Sao Paulo city) who directed the film and whose critical acclaimed work uses the memories of former soccer idols chatting on a bar as the conducting thread for their funny and moving stories. The film features some of Brazil's best-known TV and movie stars including AntOnio Grassi, Flavio Migliaccio Lima Duarte, Cassio Gabus Mendes, Marisa Orth, and two former soccer players: Luis Carlos (exFlamengo and Botafogo) and Ze Maria, who was in the 1970 winning national team. Another Paulistano, Ant6nio Carlos da Fontoura, known for Rainha Diaba (Devil Queen), has used Zico, one of the most popular soccer heroes of the past and today the technical coordinator of the selecelo, to make Uma Aventura do Zico (A Zico Adventure), a story in which the former striker appears in two roles: himself and that of a dangerous clone. Zico is scheduled to have its premiere in Paris on June 12. On another front, GNT, a Brazilian pay channel, will present a three-part documentary by directors Arthur Fontes and Joao Moreira Salles with soccer former idols and promising stars. And Ronaldinho, for two years in a row considered the world's kik soccer player, is the subject of another documentary: Ronaldo. Manual de Voo (Ronaldo: Flight Manual) to be shown on ESPN Brasil. A movie about ace Romario is also on the works, but it will not be released before 1999. The Brazil-USA coproduction with a budget of 8.5 million will be directed by American John Avildsen, the 1977 Oscar winner for Rocky. Singing the Ball Since Pixinguinha, Brazilian musicians have contributed their talents to celebrate soccer's national team. Legendary composer Pixinguinha created "1 a 0" (1 to 0) to celebrate the first international title won by the Brazilian team, when it played against Uruguay in 1919. Lamartine Babo, another treasure of Brazilian music, has composed a series of tunes about futebol. The tradition continues. -No Fim Desses 90" (At the End of These '90s), a reference both to our time as well to the 90 minutes that a soccer game lasts, is a frevo composed by Moraes Moreira and just one of a series of tunes being rushed into the market as a contribution to futebol fever. SporTv, a pay channel, is using the song as the Cup's musical theme. "This is my way to help the national team," said Moreira. would rather stay in Brazil and party here. I will be going out in a trio eletrico (wired-forsound truck used during Carnaval in the Northeast) after every Brazilian victory. Veteran Moreira, who raised to fame in the '70s as one of Os Novos Baianos, is not new at this game. In the 1982 Cup in Spain he composed "Sangue, Suingue e Cintura" (Blood, Swing, and Waist) and repeated the dose
How We Won the '98 Cup In an exercise of hallucinating futurism, daily To/ha de Sao Paulo created a step-by-step scenario in which Brazil starts in the games on June 10 with a Ito 1 tie in its match against Scotland and finishes as champion, defeating England 3 to I on July 12. Preliminary Phase June 10 in Saint-Denis, Brazil ties with Scotland 1 to 1. June 16 in Nantes, Brazil defeats Morocco 4 to I. June 23 in Saint Etienne, Brazil beats Norway 4 to 2. Eighth of Finals June 27 in Paris, Brazil wins against Chile 2 to 0. Quarter of Finals July 3 in Nantes, Brazil defeats Spain 3 to 1. Semifinals July 7 in Marseille, Brazil and Argentina end up the regular time in a 3 to 3 tie. Brazil wins on overtime with a penalty kick. Final result: 4 to 3. Final July 12 in Saint-Denis, Brazil becomes pentacampecio after a victory by 3 to 1 against England. In this scenario, host France ends up in third place and the US is eliminated in the first phase of the championship after playing three games and winning only one, against Iran, 2 to I.
I. No Fim At the End of Desses 90 These 90s Music and Lyrics by Moraes Moreira P'ra decidir nossa sorte Nao apelamos p'ra guerra Pela nobreza do esporte Unir todo o povo da terra Com arte quem parte vai Levando o grande trunfo Vai, na Franca em Paris Atravessar fel iz 0 Arco do Triunfo Nesse sentido vai fundo Diante do nosso plantel Se curvara o mundo E ate a Torre Eiffel Tudo que for preciso 0 drible, o improviso 0 grito da galera 0 genio de Mane Garrincha e de Pele Agora em outra fera 0 jogo a gente inventa Arrebenta selecao No fim desses 90 A gente quer ser pentacampeao No pals do carnaval 0 pessoal acredita E grita pra desabafar E no pals do futebol 0 sol nasceu mais bonito Pra ver nosso time jogar E o nosso time é assim Nao tem tempo ruim Chova ou faca sol Aos olhos de quem viu VitOria do Brasil Ganhou o futebol
To decide our luck We don't appeal to wars By the sport's nobility To unite all the earth's people With art who leaves goes Taking the big trump Go, in France in Paris To happily cross The Arch of Triumph This way it goes deep Before our squad The world will bow And even the Eiffel tour All that is needed The dribbling, the improvisation The scream of the fans The genius of Mane Garrincha and Fele Now in another beast The game you just invent Explode, squad At the end of these 90s We want to be champions for the fifth time In the country of Carnaval Folks believe And scream pouring their heart And in the country of soccer The sun rose prettier To see our team play And our team is like that There is no bad weather Rain or shine To the eyes of who saw Victory of Brazil Soccer has won BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
in partnership with Pepeu Gomes for the Italy Cup in 1990. Three CDs with funk, rap, and rock tunes are also being released. Agita Brasil (Stir Up, Brazil) from Sony, with an initial pressing of 500,000 copies is one of them. It brings Ara Ketu ("Agita Brasil"— Stir Up, Brazil). Gabriel 0 Pensador ("Brazuca"), J-Quest ("Pra Frente Brasil"—Forward, Brazil), Jorge Ben Jor ("Fio Maravilha"—Amazing Fio, an old classic), Mestre Ambrosio ("1 a I "--1 to 1), Planet Hemp (-Camisa 10 da Selecao"—National Team's Number 10 Shirt), and the band Skank ("It's a Soccer's Match", in English). Getting into step ska band Los Djangos (former Kamundjangos) is releasing its first CD whose entrée is called "0 Futebol". Warner is betting that nostalgia will sell and prepared the album Paixäo Brasileira with traditional favorite tunes sung by bands like Katinguele, Molejo, and Sem Compromisso. The CD comes with 13 tracks. "This is on purpose," says Warner's marketingmanager, Marcelo Maia. "Thirteen is the lucky number for master Zagallo (the Brazilian coach)." The initial release is 250,000 copies, but WEA expects to sell as many as one million CDs if Brazil wins the Cup. BMG is launching Rumo ao Penta (Fifth-Time-Bound). The album contains new tunes by Chiclete corn Banana, Carrapicho, Neguinho da Beija-Flor, Ricardo Chaves and two older tunes: "Voa Canarinho, Voa" (Fly, Little Canary Fly)—a reference to the yellow shirt of the national squad— and Elba Ramalho's jingle for Rider. French Sony is going the extra mile, using the Cup to promote its singer, Baiana (from Bahia) Daniela Mercury. A special musical clip shows the crooner in Arembepe (Greater Salvador, state of Bahia), a hippie village by the beach, and in the streets of Pelourinho, historic center of Bahia's capital. Mercury appears dancing and singing -Rapunzel", a track from Fey& corn Arroz (Beans and Rice), her latest CD. The onemillion-dollar campaign will guarantee that the Baiana crooner is seen in France every time Brazil plays. The close-to-four-minutes clip will be shown at France 2, the channel with the exclusive rights to transmit the Cup matches in France. "We are betting in Daniela as France's next summer artist," said Sony's Raoul Castaing, the man in charge of promoting Latin artists in France. Other Braziiian musicians will also be invading France. They will be taking part in official and less formal shows, across French land. Among them E o Tchan, Skank, Paralamas, Banda Eva, Tribo de Jah, Femanda Abreu, and Gilberto Gil. • BRAZZIL 'MAY 1998
Two Words About the Boss How would you fancy to have a job in a country where everybody else knows about yourwork better than you do. That's the daunting task of the national team soccer coach in Brazil, land of 160 million soccer coaches. These days Zagallo and World Cup are practically synonym in Brazil. Every one of the four times that Brazil won the trophy. Zagallo was there. Since the first one 40 years ago in Sweden when he was the left winger in the Brazilian winning team. He was again in the same position four y ears later when the Brazilians repeated their feat in Chile. By 1970, in Mexico, he was the coach. That was the year Brazil became world champion for the third time. And in 1994, when the Brazilian squad won the world title for the fourth time, in the U.S., Zagallo was assistant to coach Carlos Alberto Parreira. Mario Jorge Lobo Zagallo, 67, has lived all his life in Rio, but he was born in Macei6, capital of the northeastern state of Alagoas. The workaholic and very disciplined family man who doesn't curse is a wealthy individual today and also a notorious tightwad when it is time to pay his share of a bill in a restaurant, for example. He lives in a luxury apartment at Barra da Tijuca with his wife Alcina and their children Mario Cesar, Maria Emilia, Maria Cristina, and Paulo Jorge. Living on the same apartment with them are cook Cida, cleaner Do Carmo, and Madalena in charge of pressing the clothes. He makes $100,000 a month being $90,000 from his monthly salary from CBF (Confederacao Brasileira de Futebol—Brazilian Soccer Confederation). He gets $5,000 for a weekly column at Rio's Jornal do Brasil and another $5,000 for hosting Bate-Papo corn Zagallo (Chat With Zagallo) at Manchete TV Network. At once religious and superstitious, he prays to the saints of his devotion—Saint Anthony whose day is June 13 is a favorite—and does not take chances with what might bring bad luck. He piously believes that the number 13 brings him luck. And that is the number of room or floor he will take in a hotel. Despite all the barbs thrown at him when the selecCio loses—after the April 30 game against Argentina in which Argentineans won 1 to 0, a crowd shouted after the game: burro, burro (moron, moron)—Zagallo continues very popular on the eve of the Cup. The day after the defeat to Argentina, for
example, the majority of Brazilians preferred to spare the coach and blame the players for the fiasco. A poll showed that the majority of the fans approved of Zagallo work and there is no concerted effort to oust him, even though there are quite a few disgruntled voices. By the way, the reaction from Zagallo to the burro chorus was subdued and humble: "Burros (jackasses) are intelligent,- he retorted without shouting back any obscenity. Typically. he does not take criticism with a smile though. In a heated exchange with journalists during the recent Copa America. he took the offensive, declaring: -Let them keep on criticizing me because it brings me luck. Brazil is going to be pentacampedo (five-times champion) with Za-ga-llo.- At the end of that same competition, with the 3 to 1 Brazilian final victory against Bolivia, he unloaded on live TV: "Now you're going to have to swallow me.After the 1982 World Cup in which Brazil came in fourth place, Zagallo spent several years training the squads of the oil-rich states of the Middle East. He used the opportunity to accumulate some money, which has made his life a lot easier these days. More than that, his work paid off in 1990 when, against all odds, his team from the United Arab Emirates was classified to participate in the World Cup. He ended up leaving that team in a dispute. In an interview with weekly magazine /sto e, Zagallo denied being stubborn ("I am always changing.") or old fashioned as a coach ("I never saw someone old fashioned being awarded the trophy as 1997 world's best trainer.") He also revealed that he does not ignore his critics, but reads them carefully and knows them by name. He counterattacks, however, saying that they know little about soccer: "I know how to write and also how to talk. But they don't know what I do on the edge of the field. They forget that I didn't have time for tactical training. Maybe people are angry because Jam victorious. "My scheme today is 4-4-2 when people defend the 3-2-5 when the team attacks. The rest is relative. You can make thr e or ten passes, the im ortant is to be able to scare a goal. "Despite what pe ple say I never decl ed that we are favorite. We have a team to pu on a fight, but soccer is ot basketball, in wh ch Americans are inv ncible and end of co versation." 19
Knock on Wood "If macumba (voodoo ritual) won any game the Bahia Championship would always end up in a tie." Beach philosopher Nen6m Pranchat a Rio's legendary beach soccer coach. While the national team sweat their shirts in the fields in France, Brazilians will be doing more than the expected cheering, prayers and good-vibrations energizing. Totally or just-a-little superstitious they will go as far as to stay without showering the whole tournament or even putting their fingers on an electric outlet and getting a shock, all to boost the home team. Soccer and mandinga (witchcraft) are an old and proved mix. Carlitos Rocha, who became president of Rio's Botafogo soccer club in 1948 won mythic status for the antics he adopted to guarantee his team victory. His most outrageous practice was to have his pet dog Biriba pee on the foot of the players for luck. He also forced the team to ingest before the games what he called "miraculous eggnog." Everyone seems to have their own recipe of what works. Rio's daily Jornal do Brasil ran in April a story about the trouble some might go to give the selecao that extra help. Singer Paulinho Boca de Cantor, for example, revealed what he does: "When things get tough, the solution is to go to the bathroom and flush the toilet. The bad luck goes away." If in a winning team you don't touch, the same rule applies for winning good-luck tactics. In 1986, a group of Brazilian journalists went to watch the Brazilian game together. As the home team won, the same group decided to sit at the same place in the stadium the next time the Brazilian squad played. However, they arrived too late for the third game, against Poland, and the seats had been taken by a group of Japanese. The Brazilians had no doubt and as gently as they could they took the Japanese out. Result: 5 to Ito Brazil. Model Luciana Gimenez has her own recipe. The most important, she says, is to keep till the end something that is working. During the latest World Cup she wore the same pair of yellow cotton panties every time Brazil played. Naturally, she didn't wash the minuscule garment so not to wash away the magic. As everybody knows by now after the Brazilian victory, this tactic really works. Not sticking to a routine can be fatal. Actress Fenian& Torres still feels remorseful 16 years after the 1982 World Cup. She started watching the games in Brazil, always in the same place with the same group of friends. Then she decided to go to New York and she was there when Brazil played against Italy and lost. "I think part of the blame for that defeat is on me," she says. Those who know how these forces work have some rules: you have to wear the same shirt every time there is a Brazil game (not washing it is a must); you cannot drink whiskey the day before a game against Scotland, but pouring whiskey on the floor after a victory brings good luck; it is also forbidden to go to the bathroom during a game, but you are allowed to go and even stay there if Brazil
scores a goal. Rio's socialite Vera Loyola will be watching the games at different, places, always with friends. But she will always take with her what she kn9ws will bring luck to the Brazilian players: Pepezinha, her Pekinese, who will be all dolled up in green and yellow ribbons, the Brazilian flag colors. Says the Queen ofthe arrivistes: "Pepezinha has given us luck for 10 years. All you have to do is place her in front of the TV set." Singer-composer Moraes Moreira calls himself the Joao Gilberto of the World Cups for his reclusive habits when watching the games. He doesn't want anyone close by during the Brazilian matches. "The important is the concentration," he teaches. He composed thefrevo "No Fim Desses 90" (At the End of These '90s), a song . that could become this Cup's hymn. But he knows what will happen if Brazil loses. He recalls: "In '82 I had composed "Sangue, Suingue e Cintura'" (Blood, Swing, and Waist). The song was a big ns nem' teRnsIllis at yid.) hit*Iling 100,000 singles. But Brazil lost one game and Ilrep.cnr, • ImAela lag:Jena Cliolen:r, 'tam inn thii was enough for the song to become a symbol of bad iigionm, on% 'arra nndemni, luck. Nobody played it anymore." History professor Carlos Pinheiro decided that placing his hand on an electric outlet and enduring an electric. charge charge was the best boost he could give Brazilian players. He has done this for some time, but has grown skeptical since a game in which Brazil lost against Argentina. If things get too bad though he could always try the unnerving strategy that once worked. Nobody seems immune to the power of simpatia (magical charm). It is widely known that then owner of TV Record, industrialist Paulo Machado de Carvallin, the man who led the Brazilian delegations in 1958 and 1962—Brazil was champion in both years—never took off the brown suit he wore during the campaign. It is believed, however, that he didn't sleep with the same suit. Said he: "Thanks to my uniform, Brazil won the two cups. Naturally, Pele and Garrincha also helped." After the totally unexpected defeat to Uruguay in th 1950 final in Rio, Brazilians decided that some thigs had to be urgently changed. And change they did. Believing that the white shirt they wore brought bad luck, the team national began to sport a yellow one. In tune with the rest of the country and following the rule that you need to repeat what worked in the past, the CBF (Confederacao Brasileira de Futebol—Brazilian Soccer Confederation) announced its 22 draftees to the Cup on May 5 in the same Intercontinental Hotel—in Sao Conrado, a neighborhood south of Rio—as it did four years ago. Luiz Mendes, a presenter from Radio Tupi was again invited to host the ceremony. And the Brazilian delegation will once again lease a Varig plane to go to France. All of this was done at the request of CBF's president, Ricardo Teixeira, who does not hide his superstitious self. Teixeira revealed that he insists on being always the first to leave the bus or the plane when he is with the selegio. Teixeira also always enters the field with his right foot.
{V MI 4,1/ 161 VON
61.1i 13
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Mr. FIFA Carioca (from Rio) Jean Marie Godefrois Faustin Havelange is a powerful man. For 24 years he has been the supreme commander of FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association). According to his own account during this period he flew 19,200 hours to visit 194 of the 200 countries affiliated to FIFA. The only ones he couldn't go to: Afghanistan, Samoa Island and four former soviet republics. He has been received by kings, presidents and prime ministers from these countries. In the U.S., for example he met Ronald Reagan, George Bush, and Bill Clinton. hi Russia he was received by Leonid Brezhnev, Mikhail Gorbachev, and Boris Yeltsin. He also became a close friend of Saudi Arabia's King Fahd. His reign will be coming to an end, however, on July 12, the day the Cup ends. Is he lucky? His answer to weekly newsmagazine Veja: "Lucky was my father. In 1912 the bought a ticket for the Titanic. He was late and when he arrived at the Southhampton port the ship had already left for its first and last trip. This is really luck. My accomplishments owe nothing to luck and all to work." He will be 82 on May 8th. Untilthen he will keep his busy schedule shuttling between Zurich, in Switzerland, where FIFA is headquartered and any place in the planet his job as soccer's highest authority might take him. Humble he never was and he collected more than a few foes during his career. He boasts of having contributed to soccer like no other man and says that he is leaving FIFA's coffers crammed with $ 4 billion. He also seems sure that Swiss Joseph Blatter with his blessings will be elected FIFA's new president in the June 8 election in Paris against the current
president of UEF (Union of European Football Association), Swedish Lennart Johanso , an Havelange foe. In recent int rviews with the Brazilian press Havelange presents himself as soccer s savior. "When I arrived at FIFA in 1974, soccer barely existed," he told Brasilia's daily Correio Braziliense. "There were no financial resourc s. When I finish my tour of duty next July 12 I'll leave $4 billion in the c ffers. When we assumed the presidency we found an old house in which nc more than four people could gather. We will leave close to $100 million ir Properties alone. Besides there were only two competitions. "The World Cup with 16 countries and soccer in the Olympic Games. Now, in a four-year period there are 10 competitions. Before the teams had to pay their own way, today FIFA pays everything in all competitions. France's World Cup will have 64 matches and every team playing will get close to $800,00(." He sees his mission as much more than advancing the soccer cause: "In our trips we n ticed the great number of abandoned children around the world. So, FIFA started a project in 128 of the affiliated countries, furnishing instru ors, material, and financial resources. Soccer employs today close to 450 million people. ft' s the world's largest employer. Every year soccer makes circulate in the world $250 billion. The world's largest company, General Motor's, does $170 billion a year in business. "Everyone has his moment. I would say that the most important in life is not to know how to arrive, but how to leave. I am sure I accomplished my mission. During my time at CBD (Confederacao Brasileira de Desportos—Brazilian Confederation of Sports) we were threetime world champions, in 1958, 1962, and 1970. In 1974 I went to FIFA and tried to apply there what I learned in Brazil in the sports side as well as the administrative one. I return to Bra±il because here is my permanent home, because here is my country."
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21
Letters OVERKILL
la ways in your magazine interesting, but I was somewhat disturbed by the attack on the character of the author Jorge Amado in the article "Bahia's Dr. Faustus" (April 1998). I am not in a_position to confirm or deny what Janer Cristaldo wrote about Amado, and apparently he is not in such a position either, judging from the lack of documentation attached-to his invective. He begins his essay by calling Amado the"greatest prostitute of contemporary literature," a "messenger of Nazism" and "ag_ent of Stalinism" who is now an "officious scriptwriter" for TV Globo's Roberto Marinho. After reading the article carefully, all that Cristaldo has proven is that Jorge Amado is an unrepentant leftist who has had the temerity to accept money from capitalists for the rights to publish and adapt his works. This thesis could have made an interesting article, but Cristaldo overreaches. Cristaldo claims that Amado edited the cultural me of the "pro-Nazi newspaper Meio-Dia. Was it pro-Nazi? Is there any documentation? Are there pro-Nazi quotes from Amado? None are presented by Cristaldo. He goes on to 'quote one Oswald de Andrade, wIlo states that Amado tried to recruit him to write "a book defending Germany and implies that Amado had written such books. Do any survive? Is there any evidence at all that Amado was a Nazi sympathizer? Much later in the article, Cristaldo lets slip that Amado "denies his Nazi involvement." Case closed, Amado guilty? Cristaldo seems to think so. As for the charge that Amado was an "agent of Stalinism': while Amado may have been a communist during the era of Stalin, in 1956, when Stalin's crimes were fully revealed, Amado made this statement (which Cristaldo quotes but calls "a timid and discreet mea culpa"): "...above all we have to discuss the -huge reflexes of the personality cult among us, our huge mistakes, the absurds of all-sizes, the dehumanization that...flourished in the manure of this cult..." He is referring to the cult of Stalin the same cult that, 42 years after this far from timid repudiation, he is still being beaten over the head with by right-wing writer/ translator/journalists. "Today we know what Stalin was.planning..." Cristaldo states, but then pillories Amado for not knowing at the time, or for knowing and supporting the crimes; it' s not cl earmst which case Cnstaldo is trying to make. Whichever it is, he has supplied too much invective and too little evidence. At last it becomes clear what is paining Dr. Cristaldo so. It is that Amado still prides himself of (sic) his past as a man of the left," while taking money from TV Globo, and also that, perhaps more tellingly, the "Parisians longknown for their coflaborationism and Stalinist tradition" (Cristaldo's words) at the Universite de la Sorbonne Nouvelle (Paris III) gave Jorge Amado an honorary degree. Wait a minute—that's the precise university where Dr. Janer Cristal do received his Ph.D.! Perhaps Cristaldo's next article should be about why capitalist broadcasters like Roberto \ larinho buy works from leftYou are invited to participate in this dialogue. Write to: Letters to the Publisher P.O.Box 42536 Los Angeles, CA 90050-0536 or send E-mail to: brazzilWbrazzilcom Please, include a phone number in the event we need to reach you. Thanks! 22
ists like An iado. and w I1\ "Stalinist" Parisian universitie, like Sorboliiie Nouvelle give doctorates to rightist scholars Very broad-minded on both sides. eh? Maybe we can alllet along. I thank ou, as an unrepentant leftist who is neither a Stu I Mist nor a Nazi (and I believe there are some millions of leftists in Brazil as well), for this opportunity to reply to this article.
Todd Mecklem Manhattan Beach, California entail: meek lent,ayahoo.corn CARE WOULD DO IT
Your article on the Hi azi I Ian film Indus* was exceptional. Bruce Gilman's articles are always a pleasure to read. But many of the errors in English could be avoided with careful editing. The translations from Portuguese to EngliSli are frequently too literal.
Fred Dobb Sacramento, California
EMETPlirkfilITUT471
Very much enjoy your magazine. had seen it before I began living in Brazil. However, your website needs a lot ofwork. The music doesn't work smoothly. It bogs down and causes my machine to crash when I try to cancel it. There should be a way to stop it once it starts to_play. You need more pictures and graphics. The navigation bar on the left is hard to read. I would like to be able to get more of a feel of your magazine on the Web.
Mathew Caine Rio de Janeiro, Brazil MINERTThlit lial11.11111
Although lam an American, I have visited Brazil twice in the last two years and am intensely interested in learning more about it. It is a fascinating country. with great people and a promising economy. As ajournplist, Jam also interested in writing about Brazil, perhaps by way ofa yearlong fellowship. If anyone at magazine is aware of any such opportunities— or why Brahma chope is no longer sold in the U.S.— please let me know. Obrigado!
Robert Vickers Cleveland, Ohio
munication here at CSU Monterey Bay).
Raul Reis California State Univ. in Monterey BRAZIL EXPOSURE
I would like to be in touch with Brazil through your publication, and send you an article on how a Brazilian artist found a wonderful way to expose people to art in New Mexico and other states by painting elaborate detailed art work on motorcycles and autos.
Margaret Ferraro Oster Rio Rancho, New Mexico REVELATIONS
Hello rom 1 oronto! I just wante to tnke. this opportunity to express my appreciation for your work at Brazzil mag_azine, which I have belatedly discovered (Better late than never!). Your long interview with McGowan and P6sanha. was very interesting, especially the description of the interview with Jobim. I've always suspected that the English translations of Vinicius' lyrics weren't up to par. Clearly, Jobim was unhappy with them. Jobim also met with John Krich, (author of. Why is this Country Dancing,1993), in similar circumstances, although Jobim seems to have stayed sober for McGowan and Pessanha. I also support your efforts to include song lyrics and their English translations in your articles. Keep up the good work.
Martin Ahermaa Toronto, Canada When God chose to p ace the wor d s two most beautiful places on earth, He chose to place them both on Latitude 22. This is why Rio de Janeiro is at Latitude 22 degrees South and the Hawaiian Island of Kauai is located at Latitude 22 degrees North. Espetaculares e Maravilhosas! Thank God!
Jay M. Trennoche Kapa'a, Kauai, Hawaii KEEPING FRIENDS ABREAST
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I was a subscn ser severa years ago an unfortunately let my subscription slip. I am going to order several subscriptions for friends and family, as we are in the process of moving to Brazil again and would like them to feel they have some sort of pulse as to what is happening there. Lydia Musgrave Via E-mail Can't you find Brazzil at your Brazilian consulate? Don't ask us why, ask the consulate.
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"FALAMO PORTUGUES" 23
Land Ahoy!
Brazil has close to 12 million landless peasants. Although the country's constitution guarantees the right of property to everyone there has never been an effective agrarian reform in a land that is the fifth largest nation on the planet. The grassroots Landless Rural Workers Mbvement was born to give a voice to the landless. MARCO PINTO Brazil is known all over the world for its natural beauty, warm people, Carnaval and other marvelous festivals, soccer, caipirinha (a margarita-like concoction), the Amazon Rainforest, Iguacu Falls, Sugar Loaf Hill, and the Corcovado Mountain with the Statue of Christ on its top, with his open arms, embracing Rio de Janeiro. Those are beauties of a country full of dreams. Nonetheless, such features just reveal a small part of the reality that most Brazilians live. Like the majority of the Latin American countries in the '90s, the Brazilian federal government has opted to adopt the neoliberal economic model, privatizing state-owned factories, cutting social services, and opening the economy to foreign investment. Yet, despite being the world's fifth largest country in territorial area, the government has never implemented an effective agrarian reform to distribute idle lands in the countryside. In Brazil, people can acquire land through purchase, inheritance, peaceful occupation, cultivation as well as government expropriation. The Brazilian Constitution of 1988 guarantees the right of property as long as the property fulfills a social function. Hence, it is not surprising that less than one percent of the people in Brazil hold almost half of the nation's arable land. Indeed, the wealthiest 20 percent of the Brazilian population own 90 percent of the land, much of it being idle, used for ranching, tax write-offs, or to produce crops exclusively for export, while millions starve in the country. Therefore, Brazil is one of the most unjust countries today should we look at the existing gap between the rich people and the poor rural masses. Land distribution has been almost absent until last decade. Some 4.8 million families in the rural areas have barely survived, working for miserable wages in a temporary basis. Others, in the interior of the country, cultivate the soil using slash and burning techniques. Despite the peasant struggle throughout Brazilian history, it was only in 1984 that a national movement to address their plight took shape. During that year, the landless peasants formed the Landless Rural Workers Movement (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra, or MST), to defend their rights to land in the Brazilian rural areas. The MST is a grassroots movement. It consists of landless workers who have no access to the land or proper 24
conditions to crop the land; as a consequence, they cannot sustain their families. The Movement is quite political; nevertheless, it has no affiliation with any political party. It has a progressive tendency, but it works in a free market structure. The members of the MST believe they can create conditions to fight unemployment, illiteracy, and poor health facilities they have been coping for ages in the rural areas. Those are people who want to become more productive for the good of the entire nation. They became tired of being exploited by the elite, and then left behind—hopeless and helpless—as the country progresses. The Agenda The Landless Rural Workers leaders aim to organize and prepare the nearly 12 million landless peasants socially, educationally and politically so that they can take a better control of their lives. As a matter of fact, the Movement directs much of its efforts to provide the rural workers with education and agricultural training. Additionally, the MST organizes the peasants to struggle against human rights violations in the countryside. Lastly, the MST demands an improvement of health facilities, more education institutions for the impoverished people, and justice for the victims of violence in the rural areas. Since its formation, the MST has organized thousands of landless peasants, as well as small tenant farmers, to persuade and pressure the Brazilian government to do a national agrarian reform. Through dramatic land appropriation and standoff with police and landowners, the Movement has enabled nearly 200,000 landless families to successfully settle on seven million hectares of idle land. MST leaders see education as a priority for its members. Thus, there are at least 40,000 students and 1,500 teachers in 850 schools who use the educational materials produced by the Movement. UNESCO has recognized and awarded the MST for its educational work. Indeed, during the '90s, the Movement received several awards for its work including the Alternative Nobel Prize in 1993, the King Baldouin Prize in Belgium last year, and the Human Rights International Prize in France. Responding to the needs of the rural workers, the MST created a cooperative system that has enabled families who live on its settlements to earn up to three times more than poor families with the same amount of land in the same region. Today, the Movement controls over 100 cooperatives, and has begun to export its products to the United States and Europe. According to a recent MST publication, the Movement has an annual nationwide budget of around $20 million, that passes through its legal entity ANCA—National Association of Agriculture Cooperation. During 1996, the MST had enough earnings to finance 167 land appropriations; to publish its newspaper, and to pay for travel expenses, education, and wages of hundreds of its activists. Throughout times, landless rural workers have been suffering from poverty to human rights violations in rural Brazil. Brutality, torture and killings have become routine when dealing with the issue of the land. For decades, human lives have been at stake in the shantytowns of the big cities as well as in the countryside, where the poorest are often suppressed and kept voiceless. There have been enough facts proving that paramilitary BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
groups, landowners and local government authorities have used violence as a means to expel the landless from the sites where they settled. Confrontation Recently, Amnesty International, among other human rights organizations, has issued several reports denouncing grave human rights violations that occurred in the Brazilian rural areas. For example, in the last couple of years there were two violent confrontations between the landless peasants and Brazilian local authorities. As a result, two state police officers, dozens of landless rural workers, including two children, died in northern Brazil. Those massacres happened in Curumbiara, Rondonia state, on August 9, 1995, and Eldorado dos Carajas, Para state on April, 17, 1996. In addition to those killings, Global Exchange, a human rights organization based in San Francisco, issued a note reporting that, just over a month ago, a group of farmers and policemen gunned down two more MST leaders in Para state while the government delivered its justifications for the Brazilian rural situation to Pope John Paul II. So far, the local authorities have not arrested anybody connected with those deaths. It is true that the Brazilian federal government has taken initiatives to uphold human rights; however, there is still an enormous gap between its promises and its actual actions. After a year of the massacre in Eldorado dos Cara*, there was a march on foot, organized by the MST, covering 620 miles from its three points of origin to the federal capital Brasilia. The manifestation counted with the participation of around 100,000 people. They urged the Brazilian authorities to find the culprits of that massacre, and demanded the end of violence against the peasants in the rural areas. The demonstration united people from different backgrounds and social classes. There were union people, representatives of different churches, members of political parties that supported land reform, unemployed and retired people. Soon after, there was a popular survey in Brazil that indicated that around 90 percent of the interviewed people agreed with the movement's struggle for agrarian reform. Last April, Daniel Correia, 26, the leader of MST in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, came to the United States for a speaking tour. He visited several cities, and spoke at various universities. In Los Angeles, a number of political, social and human rights activists, as well as several educators volunteered to form and sponsor a committee to have Correia talking about the MST on April 23rd at Santa Monica College, UCLA, and Cal State University Los Angeles. In all his speeches Correia said, "Agrarian reform can only happen if there is a broad participation of the masses, both in the urban areas and in the countryside." "Only about 25 percent of the Brazilian population live in the rural areas," he noted. Correia talked about the relevance of education in the countryside. He looked quite excited as he mentioned the education the "little landless" children are getting in the rural areas. He acknowledged the efforts of the rural educators, who teach the "little landless," not only arithmetic and science, but also self-esteem and the importance of collective work, thus enabling the children to form their commitBRAZZIL - MAY 1998
tees to discuss about matters that concern specifically themselves. "Agrarian eforrn is the solution, not only for the countryside, where the peasants can get jobs, but also for the urban areas, w ere people will have access to more products of good qualit and at a better price," Correia said, adding: "It will also he p solve the problem of migration to the urban cities, keeping the peasants in the countryside. This reform will help in p eserving the Brazilian natural resources by training rural orkers to work the soil more efficiently." Lastly, Correia explained the reasons for the discontentment of the MST with the federal plan for agrarian reform, "Notwithstanding the settlement of 55,000 families during the first two years of the presidency of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, there have been around 1.2 million rural workers that have lost their land or their jobs in the countryside in that period of time." World Solidarity The question now lies in what we can do to demonstrate our individual solidarity with the peasants in Brazil. Regardless of our political opinion on this issue, it makes sense to show ur respect and care for a number of families whose plight vases upon conquering the right to live decently and witli dignity without being used and abused. This is not a questi n of politics. It is a social shame, and ought to be corrected before it is too late. Some of u might agree with the methods of the MST; others might o pose them. However, it appears there is more than just a st gle for land titles and power in the Brazilian rural areas. ere is a struggle to rescue the dignity of millions of pe ple who seek social justice, and are tired of waiting and b lieving in official broken promises for better days. It seems hat only when people get together, and bring out the voices o f the poor and oppressed, changes start to take place. Thus, it i through the union, not only of those who struggle for I at they believe to be their right, but also of people who be ieve in such struggles, that social justice takes its rightful pl ce in society. We must always have in mind that, above all, human lives are priceless; to fight injustices should not be privilege. Standing up for what we believe is an inherent c ndition of each human being. As the new millennium a proaches, Brazil becomes much more than just a place t visit. It is a country of social struggles and courageous p ople. It is a country that grows each and every day, not terr orially per se, but in political and social consciousnes The au hor, Marco Aurelio Pinto Ribeiro was born in 1966 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He is fluent in English, F ench, Portuguese and Spanish. His majors are nthropology, journalism and political science. He vol nteers for several human rights organizations, in luding Amnesty International USA, Brazilian Siciocultural Committee, and Movimento Social Humanista (MSH). If you wish to know more about the landless movement in Brazil or the organizations the author works with, feel free to call (310) 281-6652, e-mail mshcausagaol.com or write to MSH, 13601 Ventura Blvd. #288, Sherman Oaks, CA 91423, USA. 25
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newspaper, by then arguably the most respected Brazilian Rosental Alves is a journalist, a veteran foreign corresponnewspaper. In 1975, Alves went to Spain to study at the dent, and a professor at the University of Texas. He is the only Official School of Radio and TV in Madrid. From there Alves Brazilian titular professor at this institution where he teaches kept writing for the JB and sending stories to the JB radio. two classes, International Reporting and Reporting on the "Those were interesting days, it was the end of the Franco World Wide Web. Born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1951, dictatorship in Spain," he says. After that short stay in Madrid, Alves was 16 and still in high school, when he was inspired by Alves returned to Brazil and continued to teach and work for his cousin, who was a reporter, to be a journalist. JB. In 1978, the journalists quit his jobs "I used to buy four or five different and went back to Madrid. Alves knew newspapers every morning and would try that theJB did not have a correspondent to find the same story that was covered by in Spain, and told them he was going to all these papers and I used to compare take a course there. He wanted that them," he says. Thus, Alves started develcorrespondent position. As he arrived oping a technique. As he was going over in Spain, he began his free-lance career the newspapers one day, he found a little from the very first day. From the airport ad for an extension course in journalism at in Madrid, he went to the UPI office and night. Though he was too young, he persent JB his first story from Spain about sisted and was accepted. Alves graduated the murder of a general, who had been from this course and with his diploma in killed by terrorists. He worked until 1 hand, applied for a job at one of the main He was bitten by the news a.m., before he realized he did not have dailies in Rio, 0 Jornal, where his cousin bug very early in life. And a place to stay. worked. soon he was covering the Alves was able to live well as a free The editor of the paper refused to hire last days of the Franco lance reporter for one year. He worked him, since he was so young, but allowed dictatorship and the in Spain and Portugal. Eventually, he him to accompany his cousin at work. booming days of the was hired again byJB. "My plan worked Alves bought a suit and started following Braziliarl and South out," he says. As soon as he was rehired, his cousin on assignment. Soon after, he American dictatorships as he was sent to Buenos Aires, Argentina. began collecting news himself. Around well as the wars in In 1979, Argentina was going through a the same time he also interned at the MeGuatemala and Nicaragua. very violent period. Alves stayed in ridional news agency, which together with He made it in the best Buenos Aires for three years, until the 0Jornal and weekly magazine 0 Cruzeiro Brazilian publications end of the Falkland Islands war. During was part of the Diarios Associados, a naincluding Jornal do Brasil these three years, Alves covered not tional media conglomerate, that would and Veja magazine. Today only Argentina but all of the Southern soon start to crumble. Rosental Afves teaches South America. It was then 1968, a very tense year in reporting in Texas to a Military dictatorships were the norm Brazil. The military had overturned the new generation of in those days. Argentina, Uruguay, Paracivilian government in 1964, but in 1968 American journalists. guay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia and Chile the repression intensified and there were all had military regimes. Alves covered protests in every large city in the country. ANDRE LESSA them all. He traveled a lot. In two years, A dangerous, but busy time for reporters. the journalist covered 5 coups in BoFollowing a few months at 0 Jornal and livia. Around that time, Alves married Meridional news agency, Alves decided an ex-student. This was a very shortto move to Vitoria, the capital city of the lived marriage that lasted only two state of Espirito Santo, where his brother months. lived. Alves' family is from Vitoria, his "It was a mistake. I dreamt of havbrother had been living there alone, and ing a family, but my wife hated Buenos Alves wanted to move away from his parents' Aires. She left me and headed back to home. In Vit6ria, which is a much smaller city Brazil," he says. In 1982, Alves moved to than Rio, Alves finished high school, while at Mexico city, still as a JB international the same time he worked as a journalist. correspondent. The war in El Salvador For three years Alves worked there as rehad just started and Alves was responsible porter, photographer, editor, and in radio, and in magazines. In fact, he worked a lot more for Mexico and Central America. Soon than he studied. "School was secondary for after, the "Contras" conflict broke out in Nicaragua. me," he says. As there were no journalism schools in Vit6ria at that time, Alves moved For the next two and a half years, back to Rio to attend journalism school. The Alves again traveled, covering the conflicts in that part ofthe world, specially, El profession had just been regulated ( in 1969) Salvador and Nicaragua. In 1984, JB had and Alves feared he would be discriminated if 4 a "terrible" editorial change. "That was a he did not have a degree. So in 1971, he began studying at a private university in Rio. In 1972, short, but very sad period for the paper," Alves landed a job at Radio Tupi and in the Alves says. He was called back to Brazil following year went to Radio Jornal do Brasil. then, and as soon as he arrived he resigned from the JB. This was the start of a 23-year career. He was still in college when the Federal University in The journalist then went to work as an assistant editor for Niteroi, a city across the bay from Rio, recruited Alves to teach Veja, Brazil's largest weekly magazine. While at Veja, Alves a class on radio reporting. At first, Alves told them that he covered the entertainment beat with special emphasis on could not do it because he was a student himself, but they Globo TV network, Brazil's virtual TV monopoly. Alves tried could not find anyone else qualified tp do the job. So, at the age to cover the business side of television, trying to avoid the of 21, Alves began teaching at the university in Niteroi. tabloidish way this area had always been covered. After six The next year, Alves began teaching at another university, months, however, Alves went back to his "natural habitat," and by 1973, he was also writing for the Jornal do Brasil ( JB) politics and economy at Veja.
News Hound
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BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
A year later, in 1985, more changes took place at JB and "The best thing about teaching is learning," he says. Academia resulted in Alves' return to that company. Once again, the has given Alves a great opportunity to think critically about journalist went to Buenos Aires. This time, Alves witnessed journalism. He finds it hard to do it while working so intensely the trial of the military officials who were accused of civil as a correspondent. "Journalism is a very intuitive profession, rights violations. "A complete different Buenos Aires. The one thinks very little about it, it is very automatic. That is why same generals I saw as leaders before were now defendants in this is a good opportunity for me to think about journalism," this Latin American Nuremberg," he recalls. he observes. At that time, Alves shared an office with William As always, Alves is keeping himself very busy. Besides Montalbano, a Los Angeles Times reporter who encouraged teaching two classes; International Reporting and Reporting Alves to apply for the prestigious Nieman Fellowship at on the Web, traveling to conferences both in the States and in Harvard, a mid-career scholarship for journalists. Alves was Latin America, he still finds time and energy to write a weekly the first Brazilian to be accepted and he spent one year at column at 0 Globo, JB's main competitor in Rio. He writes Harvard studying American politics, particularly the election commentaries about the relations between the U.S. and Latin system. Alves had been promised the bureau chief position by America. The students of journalism at the University of JB, once he finished the fellowship. As promised, Alves Texas have so much to learn from this seasoned journalist and moved in 1988 to Washington, DC, where he stayed for two professor. Alves' experience is a valuable asset for the univeryears. He covered mostly the U.S., but also traveled a few sity. He is in love with his profession, and his love is sure to times to El Salvador to cover the ongoing war there. inspire many of his students. In 1989, in a trip to Rio, Alves met his future wife, Claudia, You can contact the author, Andre Lessa, at "I used my frequent-flier miles to see her in Rio once a month lessa@mail.utexas.edu for six months," he says. Claudia is 12 years younger than Alves. After having spent so much time in Brazil with Claudia, Alves was offered an editor position at JB. He accepted it. In 1990, the journalist moved back to Rio. He edited the metro section and the two weekly magazines ofthe paper. Alves did that for about a year and then he was promoted to execuAIR - IATA 01-1-9279-012 tive editor of the paper. In 1992, he moved to Brasilia, OCEAN - FMC 3853 Brazil's capital, and there he lived for one and a half years. That was when President Fernando Collor de Mello was being impeached, the first time a president had ever been imTO ANY AIRPORT IN BRAZIL peached in Brazil. The media played a major role in the process, bringing the story to the forefront and investigating allegations of corruption. Eventually, Alves was promoted FULL CONTAINER & CONSOLIDATIONS again. He became a director of JB. TO ANY PORT IN BRAZIL It was then that the itinerant newsman saw something that would (EXCELLENT CONTAINER RATES) change his life, an ad fora position at the University of Texas. Alves had been to Austin while he was a correspondent in DC and he liked the city. The John S. and James L. Knight Foundation had donated $1,000,000 SHIPPER'S DOOR PICK-UP 11'. AIR/OCEAN FREIGHT for the creation of the International Journalism Chair. Two hundred CUSTOMS CLEARANCE (INCL. ALL DUTIES) people applied and Alves was selected. "The most exciting job in DOOR DELIVERY TO BUYER IN BRAZIL journalism is the foreign correspondent's job, and there is very little in journalism schools dedicated to it," he says. So, he came to Austin with a plan for his International Reporting class, which he's been teaching since the summer of 1996. Alves took his family into consideration when he decided to move to Austin. Austin is a safer city io raise his three daughters. Rio is a very big city, with big city problems. However, he doesn't think he will stay here for many years, his wife wants to go back to Brazil. Alves likes his university job
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Zagalo Sounds Out Europeans have shown that the best defense is the attack. Zagalo has always thought the opposite: that thebest attack is the defense. Aqui esta uma entrevista que s6 nao afirmamos que foi feita em primeira mao porque o juiz poderia marcar hands, dada pelo nosso agente e reporter Juvenal Ourico corn exclusividade a ele mesmo. Nela Juvenal (Id sugestOes de como corrigir alguns vicios do jogador brasileiro. Quanto as possibilidades do Brasil na proxima Copa disse que sao minimas: "Hoje o futebol evoluiu tanto que para uma equipe conquistar o titulo mundial é preciso que seus jogadores falem no minimo, dois idiomas. E aqui no Brasil uns poucos estao tentando o segundo, mas infelizmente a maioria mal sabe o primeiro." P—Voce acredita, Juvenal, que as coisas vao mudar no futebol brasileiro? Passada a euforia inicial sou capaz de apostar que tudo continuard na mesma. Como vem acontecendo ha muito tempo, apenas os tecnicos mudarao. Ainda assim, de clube. P—Voce acredita que poderemos jogar exatamente como os holandeses? S6 se comecassemos tudo de novo. Evacuassemos opals, fessemos todos os brasileiros morar, digamos, na Bolivia, a espera que os frisios, batavos e outras tribos germanicas viessem colonizar o pals. P—Por que o futebol brasileiro tao defensivo? Por influencia de Zagalo. Os europeus mais uma vez demonstraram que a melhor defesa é o ataque. Zagalo sempre pensou o contrario: que o melhor ataque é a defesa. Tanto que na Copa nossos melhores atacantes foram Luis Pereira e Marinho do Botafogo. P—Ha algum meio de tornar o jogador brasileiro mais ofensivo? Ha. Se voce pregar na baliza adversaria uma porcao de notas de Cr$ 500,00. P—Como fazer para que o torcedor pare de reclamar dessa falta de gols que vai pelo nosso futebol? Isso é simples. Para que o torcedor nao reclame da falta de gols os jogos ao inves de comecarem 0 a 0, poderiam comecar por 2 a 2. P-0 jogador brasileiro é cheio de
Soccer Tales by
Carlos Eduarcio Novaes
Nem poderia. Os europeus sao mais altos que os brasileiros. Dal a dificuldade de marcar em cima. Contra, porem, coreanos e japoneses, todos baixinhos, nao sera dificil para o brasileiro marcar em cima. P—E quanto aos nossos goleiros que nao saem nunca de debaixo das balizas, como resolve? Colocando as balizas na intermediaria. P.—Finalmente, Juvenal, que voce achou da possivel escolha de Didi para tecnico da Selecao Brasileira? Muito boa, principalmente porque Didi é urn treinador atualizado corn o futebol europeu. Penso, porem, que Didi deve dirigir a Selecao la da Europa mesmo para que nao se repita o que aconteceu corn Zagalo, que foi miseravelmente surpreendido pelos europeus. P—E como é que o Zagalo, tendo ido tantas vezes a Europa, antes da Copa, acabou surpreendido pelos europeus? Nao sei, nao, mas tenho a impressao de que quando os europeus sabiam que Zagalo estava pela Europa faziam suas partidas escondidos nos abrigos antiadreos.
Give My Money Back I am convinced that if we were disputing the world championship of excuses we would get the title hands down.
vicios. Um deles é o de jogar muito para os lados. Como solucionar esse vicio? Se o brasileiro joga para os lados, é so passar os bandeirinhas para a linha de fundo e as 60alizas para as laterais. P—Urn outro defeito é o excesso de toques. Como diminuir os toques do jogador brasIleiro? Fazendo treinos coletivos sem bola. Fitz-se o primeiro, o segundo, o terceiro, la pelo oitavo o jogador já se desacostumou e quando puserem uma bola em campo ele vai querer passa-la para a frente o mais depressa possivel. P—Por que o jogador brasileiro nao di combate? 0 jogador brasileiro nao di combate orque nunca esteve na guerra. Durante a gu rra do Sudeste Asiatic° sempre defendi a ida de um pelotao de jogadores para o Vietnan. S4 assim aprenderiam a dar combate. P—Temos tambem uma falha de ma cacao. 0 jogador brasileiro nao marca em cim
Juvenal Ourico, de Frankfurt—Eu ndo lhe disse? Eu nao lhe disse que Zagalo estava tao preocupado em esconder o jogo durante os amistosos na Europa que seria capaz de nao encontra-lo na estreia contra a Iugoslavia? Pelo que se viu o treinador pediu emprestado o jogo de algum time de fabrica de Frankfurt. Deu pena, meu caro. Se todo o nosso futebol é aquele que n6s mostramos na quinta-feira entao, avise al as familias dos jogadores no Brasil que a Selecao regressa logo ap6s o jogo corn o Zaire. Eu quero meu dinheiro de volta. Gastou-se 30 milhoes para se preparar uma Selecao que entrou em campo e praticou urn futebol de salad° minimo Oa corn os descontos). Depois de quatro meses de treinamento Zagalo conseguiu retirar toda a expontaneidade, habilidade e agressividade do time. Nao adianta querermos formar uma corrente pra frente se o Zagalo so joga 31
BRAZZIL - MAY 1996
pra tras. Deixei o estadio corn esta me obrigando a jogar para ganhar., , taquicardia. Cheguei a adiantar o — Quer dizer que contra o Zaire ce vai relogio para verse a partida terminava mandar apenas o Leivinha para fazer mais cedo. Quase fui a loucura companhia ao Jairzinho. Voce nao acha que constatando no segundo tempo a in- sendo o nosso o melhor futebol do mundo capacidade de Zagalo para mudar a deveriamos impor o jogo? fisionomia da Selecao. Fosse uma luta —E quem disse que neo estamos impondo? de boxe e a fisionomia da Selecao no Quinta-feira os iugoslavos jogaram par4 ganhar final do jogo estaria pior do que a de e nos para empatar. E como terminoum jo o, Joe Frazier ap6s a luta coin Foreman. ahn? Mais tarde fui entrevistar o nosso tec—Dizem que contra a Iugoslavia voce nico na sala de imprensa e mais uma escondeu novamente o jogo. E verdade? vez ele se revelou urn prodigio de —E. Contra a Iugoslavia euescondi o jogo. desculpas e subterfugios. E eu sal con— E por qui? vencido de que se estivessemos —Porque tinhajn t.;c0 esp* escoces nos disputando urn torneio mundial de observanda4 desculpas alcancariamos facil o titulo maximo. — Zagalo, o que e que voce achou do jogo? —Muito born. Um jogo corrido e disputado que me permitiu fazer varias observacoes. — E o desempenho da Seleclio Brasileira correspondeu? —Plenamente. Os jogadores cumpriram exatamente as minhas When Marinho socked ordens. Esse é o futebol corn que Neeskens, who was floored, sempre sonhei. —Quer dizer que voce orientou Kissinger de *ded to intervene. As an innate cifiet he offered o time para jogar na defesa? —Na defesa? Nos chutamos em ti0141 to to gol duas vezes e voce ainda vem nos dizer que jogamos na defesa... • Nojogooirita — Se nao na defesa como é que a em Ourico a conviii Selecao jogou? —Bern, atuamos corn uma certa Kissinger pun prudencia. 0 que era muito natui-al que se pas sabem, e porque afinal estavamos enfrentando Estado norte muito born no j a Jugoslavia. s th materia de —E o que é que tern a Iugoslivia? futebol . ssim Juvenal ia mpedhnento, lat—Ora o que é que tern a Iugoslavia. esclarecendoro ente s pergunA Jugoslavia pratica, na minha opiniao, eral e respmild o melhor futebol do mundo. Neo sei tas—algumai ue Kissinger lhe corn 11 jogamesmo como ainda nao foi tricampeA fazia: "Os do' doresr—pe o. mundial. —E--di —EntAo aproveite e me diga: —Engr e a Holaticia4te depois da Iugoslavia quais sao os dobro do B times mais fortes nesta Copa? Corn oc — A Escocia e voce pode no dos holandeses= o jogo foi se vez mais violento, o acreditar, mas eu considero o Zaire. entario de Juvenal — E o resultado contra a Iugos- que mereceu 11 - para Kissinger: pressAo de que isso lavia que the pareceu? —A mim o resultado nAo interessa. vai virar uma' —E se Opon Kissinger—neo —Mas como não interessa? Isso oje estou de folga. vocedizia naqueles jogos IA do Brasil. conte comige‘ No insta , que Marinho deu aquele Agora é diferente,yale pontos. — Tern razao. E o habit°. Acho murro na nuckleNeeskens, que arriou, Kissinger que o resultado foi justo. No primeiro nao se contevt. Como um pacifista nato virou-se tempo mereciamos vencer e no segun- para Stanley oug- afereceu-se para entrar em campo e negOciar a paz. Nao foi preciso. Seu do nao mereciamos perder. —0 empate estava em seus conterraneo T,chencher levou a guerra a born termo depois de ceicieerfet, de combate o Luis pianos? Pereira, que para sair de cabeca erguida (jogador —Estava. —E contra a Escocia tambem brasileiro acha que perder de cabeca erguida 6 dar botinada nos adversarios) por pouco pouco, este — Claro. Vou me dar por muito muito pouco, pouco mesmo, tie° dividiu o satisfeito se conseguirmos empatar Neeskens em dois. Veio entao o jogo corn a Polonia e Kissinger corn os valentes escoceses. novamente compareceti (o que levou o superst —E contra o Zaire? — Olha, eu por mim ficaria feliz ticioso Zagalo a declarar apOs a derrota que corn um empatezinho, mas o pessoal Brasil perdeu a Copa por causa do Kissinger:
Kissin
"Perdemos exatamente os dois jogos que ele assistiu"). 0 Secretario nao foi porque estivesse gostando do nosso futebol. Muito pelo contrario. 0 pouco que ele conhecia do esporte desaprendeu vendo o jogo do Brasil. Kissinger apareceu apenas para prosseguir em seu curso intensivo corn Juvenal Ourico, agora já consagrado como o profeta de Dortmund. Apos o jogo corn a Holanda, Juvenal foi entrevistado ate pela televise° aleme onde rnostrou recortes de seus despachos enviados para esta modesta pagina corn os inicios dos preparativos no Itanhanga, prevendo toda a melancolica e empulhante campanha brasileira. —0 Brasil— indagou o Secretario---pode atravessar o meio do campo a qualquer momento? —Pode—respondeu Juvenal—por que? —Porque eu pensei que so pudesse depois de dar 23 toques na bola. 0 jogo transcorria numa incrivel monotonia. A Polonia fazia sua pior partida na Copa. 0 Brasil jogava o de sempre. Os 456 guarda-costas de Kissinger dormiam e alguns roncavam indiferentes ao que se passava no campo. No que faziam muito bem, pois no campo ndo se passava quase nada. Juvenal chegou a pensar que Zagalo talvez estivesse jogando para o empate. Kissinger perguntava e Juvenal respondia. Juvenal, um profundo conhecedor do balipodismo, nab deixava perguntas sem respostas. Por volta dos 20 minutos, porem, Zagalo tirou Ademir da Guia e colocou Mirandinha. Ademir era urn dos nossos melhores jogadores, responsavel, inclusive, pela maior chance de gol do Brasil quando deu um passe de 40 metros para Valdomiro que na minha televise° desperdicou, nao sei na de voces... Ao ver Ademir deixando o 'campo, Juvenal levantou-se, pediu licenca a Kissinger e disse que ia sair. "Sair para onde?" perguntou o Secretario. —Eu you me embora —Mas por que? —Porque agora quern neo esti entendendo mais nada sou eu. Juvenal pegou um taxi e foi para o hotel. Durante a viagem, entdo, pensava: "Voces já imaginaram se o Ademir faz uma grande partida? 0 Zagalo que já vem por al corn excesso de bagagem—traz quatro malas de desculpas—ainda teria que arranjar mais uma para explicar a barracao de Ademir nessa Copa". Quando Juvenal estava pagando o taxi ouviu no radio o gol da Pol8nia. Nao se surpreendeu. Ao substituir Ademir da Guia por Mirandinha ficou claro que Zagalo nao estava jogando para o empate. Estava jogando para a derrota.
32 BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Why the Boos? If you cover my eyes and takeme to a soccer field any place in Brazil, by the boos alone I'll be able to tell you where I am: Brasilia, Sao Luis, or Curitiba. Assim ninguem agtienta, amigos. preciso ser de ferro. E Paulo Cesar, como todos sabem, tern apenas o nariz de ferro. Tornou-se uma psicose coletiva vaiar o Paulo Cesar. Em qualquer campo que apareca—do Oiapoque ao Chui—sua passagem é sempre acompanhada por um rastro de sonoros apupos. Tern gente que vaia o Paulo Cesar sem saber por que. Almiro dos Santos, torcedor rubro negro, diz que vaia porque todo mundo vaia. Paulo Cesar quando Ora num sinal corn seu carro ouve logo aquele uuuuuuuuuuuu. S6 pode entrar nos cinemas corn o flume comecado. Outro dia ele convidou uma menininha de Ipanema para sair. Eta aceitou o convite, mas impos uma condicao: "S6 se voce me deixar vaid-lo por uns 15 minutos." Existiam ate algumas agendas de turismo anunciando em seus pianos para a Copa: "Va. a Alemanha vaiar o Paulo Cesar." A situacao tornou-se tao grave que o jogador foi obrigado a procurar urn medico. —Doutor—disse P. Cesar— eu passo ,24 horas por dia corn urn uuuuuuuuu interminavel nos meus ouvidos. 0 medico examinou corn todo cuidado seus ouvidos e afirmou que aparentemente nao havia nada. "Diga-me uma coisa"—perguntou o doutor—"aqui, dentro do consultorio voce tambem ouve o uuuuuuuuuu?" P. Cesar apurou o ouvido e disse que sim "aqui tambem °up o uuuuuuuuuu." 0 medico disse-lhe que no momento nao havia nada a fazer. Receitou-lhe urn remedio e disse-lhe que se em tres dias o uuuuuuuuuu nao passasse, ele voltasse a procura-lo. P. Cesar agradeceu e se despediu. Quando deixou o consultorio a enfermeira saiu detras da cortina e falou muito envergonhada: —Me desculpe, doutor, mas eu tambem nao resisti a vontade de vaiar o Paulo Cesar. claro que essa situacao prejudica o rendimento do jogador em campo. Como, porem, ele nao pretende modificar seu comportamento enema torcida modificar suas vaias, Juvenal °uric() acha que so ha ma solucao: BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
—Assim como em certas partidas se faz, um minuto de silencio, nos jogos em que P. Cesar estivesse presente os torcedores poderiam f zer urn minuto de vaias, depois do que deixaria o jogador em paz. A prop6sito, reproduzimos aqui altiuns trechos de uma entrevista que Juvenal Ourico fez recentemente corn P. Cesar. J.0.—Paulo Cesar, qual o marcador iiais dificil que voce ja encontrou? — A torcida. J.0.—Se dependesse de voce onde é que voce gostaria de jogar? —Num estadio deserto. J.0.—As vaias estao atrapalhando o seu futebol? —Nao. As vaias estao atrapalhando am nha audicao.Nao consigo ouvir mais nada corn sse permanente uuuuuuuuuu nos meus ouvido J.0.—Voce tern esperancas de que a situ cao mude? — Se a sauna° nao mudar, mudo eu. Vou jogar na Europa. J.0.—Voce esta preparado para as vai s? — Estou me preparando. Comprei urn gravador e gravei varios tipos de vaia. Tod is os dias °Iwo uma hora de vaia ern casa. J.0.—E, no momento, qual a soluca que voce tern para as vaias? —Jogar corn algodao nos ouvidos. J. O.—Voce hoje é capaz de disting ir as vaias que recebe? —Sou. Se voce me tapar os olhos e me oltar num campo por esse Brasil afora, so pelas aias sou capaz de dizer se estou em Brasilia, e Sao Luis ou em Curitiba. J.0.—Qual foi a melhor vaia que vo ê já ouviu em sua vida? — Em 72, em Sao Paulo. 0 coro era per eito. Ninguem desafinou. Parecia que já vi ham ensaiando ha varios dias. J.O. —Bern, Paulo Cesar, agora que est mos encerrando esta entrevista voce quer dizer al uma coisa para a torcida? —Quero: uunuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu.
Soccer Land Little by little the public grew. Blue collars, salesmen, vagrants... And a quarter o four there was no room I ft before the TV set at the store's window. Segunda feira-14 horas—Juvenal uric° aproximou-se de urn vendedor parado A p rta de uma loja de eletrodomesticos e pergunto : —Qual desses oito televisores os se hores vao ligar na hora do jogo? —Qualquer um—disse o vendedor esinteressado. —Nao. Qualquer um nao. Eu chegu i corn duas horas de antecedencia e mereco urn certa consideracao. —Pra que o senhor quer saber? —Para já ir tomando posicao diante dele. 0 vendedor apontou para urn ap relho.
Juvenal observou os angulos, pegou a almofada que o acompanha ao Maracana e sentou-se no meio da calcada. — Ei, ei, psssiu—chamou-o urn mendigo recostado na parede da loj a— como é que e, meu irmao? —Que foi? Perguntou Juvenal. —Quer me botar na miseria? Esse ponto aqui é meu. —Mas eu nao you pedir esmola. —Entao senta aqui ao meu lado. —Al nao vai dar para eu ver o jogo. —Na hora do jogo nos vamos la pra casa. —Voce tem TV a cores? —Claro. Voce acha que eu fico me matando aqui pra que? Juvenal agradeceu. Disse que preferia ficar na loj a onde tinha marcado encontro corn uns amigos que nao via desde a final da Copa de 70. 0 mendigo entendeu. E como gostou de Juvenal lhe deu o chapel.' onde recolhia esmolas. Juvenal, distraido, enfiou-o na cabeca. —Nao, nao. Na cabeca nao. —Por que nao? viu mendigo usar chapeu na cabeca? Deixe-o al no chao. Sempre pinga qualquer coisa. Aos poucos o public° foi aumentando, operarios, vendedores, continuos, vagabundos e As 15h 45m ja nao havia mais lugar diante das lojas de eletrodomesticos. Os retardatarios corriam de uma para outra A procura de uma brecha. Alguns ficavam pulando atras da multidao tentando enxergar a tela do aparelho. —Quer que eu the ajude?— perguntou um cidadao ja meio irritado corn um continuo pulando rente As suas costas. —Quero. — Entao me diz onde é o seu controle da vertical. —Co,ntrole da vertical, pra que? — Pra ver se voce Ora de pular aqui nas minhas costas. — Eu nao estou enxergando nada. —E por que continua pulando? —Pode ser que Deus me ajude e num determinado momento eu fique que nem os jogadores na televisao: parado no ar. —6 rapaz, voce nao ye que isso é impossivel. —Nao é nao. Se eles ficam eu tambem posso ficar. — Deixe de dizer besteira. Voce nao ve que para ficar parado assim era preciso que a camara o estivesse focal izando? As lojas concentravam multidoes. As calcadas da cidade, que ja sao poucas, desapareciam completamente. Em jogos da Selecao Brasileira, durante a semana, cresce bastante o numero de atropelamentos porque o ,pedestre é obrigado a circular pelas ruas. Alem disso, os motoristas ficam 33
muito mais ligados no radio do que no transit°. Repetindo o surrado chavao da imprensa: "Nasegunda-feira a cidade paroe. E na minha opiniao a parada foi muito proveitosa: para uma cidade que anda de marcha a re qualquer parada é born negocio. Na porta da loja onde estava Juvenal havia umas 200 pessoas do lado de fora e somente uma do lado de dentro: o gerente. Ate os vendedores dalojajatinham se bandeado afirmando que assistir a um jogo atras da televisao nao é a mesma coisa que ve-lo atras do gol. Quando a bola saia entravam os comentarios dos torcedores. Aproveitavam para tirar suas davidas indagando se o empate bastava ao Brasil? Como ficaria se a Italia vencesse? De quantos gols precisava a Inglaterra? Urn carteiro atras de Juvenal perguntou-lhe: —Escuta, se o Brasil vencer etc sera camped° do Bicentenario ou bicampeao do Centenario? No inicio do segundo tempo urn cidadao que nao se interessava por futebol (urn dos 18 que a cidade abriga) foi pedindo licenca a galera e corn muita dificuldade conseguiu entrar na loja. 0 gerente foi ao seu encontro: "0 senhor deseja algo?" —Um aparelho de televisao. —Por que o senhor nao leva aquele? —Qual? —Aquele que esta ligado au i na porta. —E born? —0 senhor ainda pergunta? Acha que haveria 200 pessoas diante dele se nao tivesse uma boa imagem? —Bern... —E nao é so isso--completou o gerente aproveitando a euforia do pane° corn urn gob do Brasil—que outro aparelho transmite emocoes tao fortes? —Essa gritaria toda foi diante do aparelho? — Logic°. Esse é o novo televisor AP-007 dotado de controle de emocao. S6 este televisor pode leva-lo do choro convulsivo a completa euforia. mesmo? E se eu desejar ve-lo sentado quietinho na poltrona? —Tambem pode, mas é aconselhavel desligar o botao, senao o senhor nao vai conseguir ficar quietinho na poltrona. o cidadao convenceu-se. Disse que ia leva-lo. 0 gerente, precavido, pediulhe para ir a porta da loja apanha-lo. 0 cidadao nao teve duvidas. Ignorando aquela massa toda diante do seu aparelho, foi la tranquilamente e ckck Desligou-o. o que aconteceu depois eu deixo por conta da imaginacao de voces. Um pouco mais adiante eu entrava numa reparticao publica a cata de urn antigo processo que já estava rolando
mais do que a bola do campo de Seattle. Que ingenuidade a minha. Se nada mais funciona em dia de jogo que dird as reparticOes publicas? Parei diante da mesa de um rapaz que corn urn radinho de pilha no ouvido mantinha-se concentrado na transmissao, olhando fixo para o assoalho. Um tanto receoso de cortar bruscamente sua concentracao limitei-me a pigarrear. Ele nem se moveu. Tossi. Ele nada. Assoei o nariz, espirrei, assobiei. Nada. Aguardei mais um pouco. Como continuasse imovel, abaixei-me um pouco tentando me interpor entre seu olhar e o taco. Senti que seu olhar me atravessava. Acenei sorrindo. Ele fez sinal corn a mao para que eu aguardasse. Rivelino—pensei—deve estar se preparando para bater uma falta no entrada da area. Fiquei esperando. Mais alguns minutos e abaixei-me novamente. Novamente ele fez sinal que eu esperasse. Continuei de pd. Sem nada a fazer fui aproximando lentamente meu ouvido do radinho do funcionario. Fui, fui, fui ate que grudei o ouvido do outro lado. Ficamos ali os dois. Ele nem se moveu. Ate que, nao podendo esperar mais, afastei cuidadosamente o braco do fimcionario que segurava o radinho, cheguei perto do seu ouvido e procurando imitar a voz do locutor disse: "Bola corn Rivelino que estica para Roberto. Roberto passa por Antognoni, vira e entrega a Gil que atira a bola para fora. Gil atirou a bola para fora para que voce que esta me ouvindo possa atender a esse senhor que o aguarda ha mais de meia hora." —Pronto — acordou sobressaltado o fimcionario —agora posso atende-lo. Mas vamos rapid° que o jogo ja vai recomecar.
Juvenal Ourigo. Who is this guy? was a stutterer. When hen narrating the games he would
finish describing the moves 15 minutes after the match had ended. Esta e uma das perguntas mais frequentes que ouco em minhas romarias por escolas e universidades (a mais frequente e quase sempre a primeira é: "Como é que voce faz corn a censura?"). As vezes, perguntam se Juvenal existe mesmo ou see produto—no caso, sub-produto-da imaginacao? Nenhum personagem é produto apenas da imaginacao. A longa galeria de tipos criados por Sergio Porto, o Stanislaw Ponte Preta. foi construida a partir de cidadaos de came e osso corn quem esbarramos na rua. Assim é Juvenal filho do dr. Cotidiano corn a dona Imaginacao, nascido nas fronteiras da realidade corn a ficcao. Juvenal é alguem que nao e mas nao deixa de ser. Conheci Juvenal em 73 quando eu ainda respondia pela pagina de Loteria Esportiva do JB. Viajando pelo Norte e Nordeste, encontrei-o no interior das Alagoas, debrucado sobre urn microfone da radio Arapiraca transmitindo urn jogo de futebol entre o CRB de Macei6 e o ASA de Arapiraca. Recordo-me que a primeira vez que o vi fiquei impressionado corn seus gestos, debatendo-se mais do que urn afogado, diante do microfone, corn as veias do pescoco salientes cuspindo para todo lado enquanto transmitia a
partida. SO um detalhe: quando o vi, transmitindo a partida, estava no interval° do primeiro para o segundo tempo. Aproximei-me curioso e so entao percebi que Juvenal era gago. Sendo gago, naturalmente, entrava sempre atrasado no lance e de atraso em atraso s6 encerrava sua locucao uns 15 minutos depois de terminado o jogo. Alem de locutor, Juvenal era tambem o editor de esportes do jornal A Gazeta de Arapiraca e, na epoca ern que nos conhecemos, fazia o curso de detetive particular por correspondencia. Convidei-o para trabalhar comigo na Loteria enviando informacoes sobre os times alagoanos. As informacOes nao cram la das melhores—uma vez fiz 12 pontos e perdi justamente no jogo oito entre o ASA de Arapiraca e o Sao Domingos, time de urn orfanato—mas pelo menos chegavam ao Rio a tempo. Juvenal nao era gago para escrever. Rapidamente se adaptou ao estilo da secao, seu texto cresceu e ern 74 mandei-o como enviado especial a Alemanha acompanhando a nossa selecao. Alias, as tees ou quatro primeiras cronicas deste livro foram escritas na Alemanha e, o que é pior, em alemao (Juvenal tern muita facilidade para linguas). Em 75, quando deixei a Loteria e vendi meu passe as cronicas de costumes, Juvenal ja estava instalado no Rio morando no Catete corn a mulher, Abgail, e quatro filhos (o quinto pasceu aqui). Compreende-se a quantidade de filhos que Juvenal fez em Arapiraca: na sua casa nao havia televisao. Hoje, Juvenal trabalha numa autarquia (cargo de chefia intermediaria) e de vez em quando ainda faz uns free-lancers para mim. E o que se poderia chamar de um membro da classe media, um rosto na multidao, uma cabeca a mais da maioria silenciosa, urn cidadao sem caracteristicas fortes, sem grandes ambigoes, que adora novelas, engorda como pode sua caderneta de poupanca, faz compra em supermercado, reclama contra a carestia, usa sandalia e bermuda aos domingos e é capaz de passar desapercebido em qualquer ambiente. Desde que, naturalmente, estejam todos vestidos. These cronicas were originally published in the Jornal do Brasil and later gathered in the book Juvenal Ourico, Reporter, by Carlos Eduardo Novaes, Editora Nordica, 1977, 152 pp. These stories were called respectivelly "A Primeira Entrevista", "Uma Corrente pra Tras", "0 Interprete do Secretario", "Por que Vaiam Tanto Assim o Rapaz?", and "No Pais do Futebol".
34 BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
AMAPA Three-quarters of the state's 289,000 inhabitants live in Macapa, leaving almost the whole state (142,358 sq. km, extending north to the French Guiana border), to the remaining quarter of the population. Only 0.2% of the Brazilian population live in Amapa, which is the second least populated state of Brazil, after Roraima. During the 18th century, the Portuguese built a fort at Macapa to protect access to the Amazon. The discovery of gold in the region prompted several attempts by the French to invade from French Guiana and claim Amapa. At the turn of this century, after international arbitration had snubbed the French and definitively awarded Amapa to Brazil, the area was promptly annexed by Para. This annexation greatly displeased the Amapaenses, who relentlessly pursued autonomy until it was finally granted by the Brazilian government in 1943. Today, the state's economy is based on lumber and the mining of manganese, gold and tin ore. MACAPA Officially founded in 1815, Macapa, capital of the state of Amapa, lies close to the equator, in a strategic position on the Amazon estuary. Inhabited mostly by public servants, the town has few attractions. The name Macapa comes from the native Indian word macabas, meaning the place of bacabas. Bacaba is a regional fruit; used to make juices and ice cream. Forte Sao Jos e' de Macapa This grandiose stone fort was built in 1782 by the Portuguese to defend against French invasions from the Guianas. It is Macapa's most interesting sight and is still in good condition. The plan is a square with four pentagonal bastions at the corners. Protected inside the massive stone walls are the buildings which served as soldiers' quarters, a hospital, jail cells, gunpowder and rations stores, a chapel and the commandant's house. More than 800 laborers were involved in the construction, mostly Indians, blacks and caboclos, and during the building of the foundations many died due to BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Old Tales and Wild The French coveted it and tried to get it by force. Much of Amapa takes us to old times and there are still virgin forests and breathtaking views for nature lovers. In the neighboring state of Tocantins the drums of modernization are being heard louder and louder.
accidents in the wet and difficult condi ions of building on the riverbank. Many other wor ers died at the hands of the extremely repressive an violent administration. Attempts at escape were ommon and contributed to the appearance of African communities in the region. Museu de Plantas Medicinais Walde iro de Oliveira Gomes—The museum (Tel.: 223- 951), at Avenida Feliciano Coelho 1509, has a di play of medicinal plants, a caboclo's house, Indian artifacts and a moth-eaten collection of stuffed b rds and animals. It's open from 9 am to noon and 2 to 5 pm. Casa do ArtesAo—The idea of thi artists' workshop is to foster local arts and handic afts, and to attract some tourist dollars, but most oft e works for sale are unconvincing. It is located on Avenida Azarias Neto. Marco Zero do Equador—If you a solutely have to have that picture of yourself as ride the equator, you can catch a bus from the local bus terminal near the fort to the equator, via Porto Santana and Fazendinha, and then back to Macapa. At the equator, the bus driver pauses long enbugh for travelers to race to the roof of the tourist restaurant, snap their pies and hop back onto the bi4s. Allow around three hours for the whole excursio . Festivals 0 Marabaixo is an Afro-Brazilian holiday celebrated 40 days after Semana Sa ta (Holy Week). The Festa de Joaquim, celebrat d in the African village of Curial', is another Afro Brazilian party held during the month of August, witl ladainha (praying), batuque (drumming) andfolia ( ancing in colorful costumes). The Festa da Piedade Batuque is celebra ed during the last week of June in Igarape do Lago, a illage 85
km from Macapa. The people from this village are strongly devoted to Nossa Senhora da Piedade, and celebrate their devotion through various religious rituals, including a river procession. The party's main performance is the batuque. Forty dancing women in costume depict the bailantes escravas devotas (devoted slave dancers). You can get festival programs from the DETUR tourist office. AROUND MACAPA Curiaü This African village eight km from Macapa was founded by escaped slaves. The name came from the Portuguese expression criar bfifalo, which the African slaves pronounced criar-fi. They chose this area for its natural pastures, perfect for raising buffalo. The main street (lined with distinctive timber houses) and the flooding valley are very picturesque. Parque Zoobotanico This zoo was closed for renovation at the time of writing, but we were allowed into the park for a look. The zoo has tapirs, deer, monkeys, alligators, birds, and some jaguars which definitely fancied us for their next meal. You have to get off the bus on the way to Fazendinha Praia da Fazendinha Buses run to Praia da Fazendinha, the local beach, 19 km from town. There are various bars and restaurants along the beach—Bar do Bezerra is recommended for good, cheap seafood. Bonito and the Igarape do Lago—Bonito and the Igarape do Lago, 72 km and 85 km from Macapa, are good places for swimming, fishing and jungle walks. Cachoeira de Santo Antonio—This is a waterfall in the municipality of Mazagao, an 18th-century Portuguese town, which is accessible by ferry from Porto Santana. Rio Araguari & The Pororoca—At the mouth of the Rio Araguari, about 100 km north of Macapa, you can observe (and hear!) the pororoca (thunderous collision between the Atlantic tide and the Amazon. The best time to see this phenomenon is between January and April, at 35
either the full or new moon. Excursions by boat (15 hours) to see the pororoca are organized by the local tour agencies. Serra do Navio—Serra do Navio, a mining town built in the 1950s to support the extraction of 40 million tons of manganese in the area, lies about 200 km north-west of Macapa. By 1990, the manganese reserves had started to run out, and the concession to explore the reserve finishes in 2003. The original mining consortium has handed over the town to national and international organizations which are interested in using Serra do Navio as a base for research into ecology, meteorology, hydrology and anthropology in the Amazon region. The University of Sao Paulo has already set up a small research station in the town. To prevent Serra do Navio from becoming a ghost town when mineral exploration ceases, the industrialization of the area's forest products is being developed. The development of pharmaceutical products from medicinal plants, dyes for food and clothing, fruit products, natural insecticides, resins, essences and oils are among the projects. This is the starting point of a program to set up 11 collection areas and processing bases around the Amazon forest. The objective of the program is to raise the Amazonian per capita income (currently $250 per annum, just 10% of the Brazilian average). The Institut° de Estudos Amazonicos (IEA) runs a program that offers young people of different nationalities work on IEA projects in return for free board and lodging for six months. One of their sites is in the Serra do Navio. For more information, contact IEA/ABIC, at Rua Espirito Santo 362, 90.010.370 Centro, Porto Alegre RS (Tel. & fax: ( 096) 221-9075). RESERVA BIOLOGICA DO LAGO PIRATUBA The Piratuba biological reserve covers an area of almost 400,000 hectares in the northeast of Amapa state. The area has mangrove swamps along the coast, while the inland has dense tropical forest, rich in a variety of 36
Amazonian palm trees such as avai, andiroba and palmeiras. The local fauna includes some endangered species of alligator, as well as turtles, flamingoes, sloths, river otters, monkeys and manatees. Access to the biological reserve is, by boat only, via the Rio Araguari, departing from the township of Cutias do Araguari, 130 km overland from Macapa. ESTAcA0 ECOLOGICA DE MARACAJIPIOCA—This ecological research station is north of the Piratuba biological reserve, on the northeast coast of Amapa state. Despite being an oceanic island, Ilha de Maraca doesn't have the waves and surf that are characteristic of most of the Brazilian coastal area. Instead the sea water enters an immense mangrove swamp which covers about one-third of the island's 72,000 hectares. The clay color of the water indicates that the whole area is actually an extension of the Amazon, mixed with sea water. The area provides a habitat for large numbers of various species of aquatic birds. Access to the island is by local boats from the township of Amapa, 308 km overland north ofMacapa. PARQUE NACIONAL DO CABO ORANGE This national park is at the northernmost corner of Amapa state, covering an area of 619,000 hectares in the municipal districts of Calcoene and Oiapoque. Most of the park's area is within 10 km of the Atlantic coast, with the rivers Cassipore and Utaci crossing it to the ocean. The native vegetation is influenced by sea water forming mangrove swamps and sandbanks. The fauna is rich and diverse, due to the variety of environments that provide habitats for a number of rare and endangered species. Manatees in the slow river waters, crab-eating raccoons, birds such as flamingoes and guards in the mangrove swamps, endangered species of anteaters, armadillos and jaguars in the forest, and turtles laying eggs on the beaches. Access to the park isn't easy—a rugged overland trip up to the town of Calcoene, 380 km from Macapd, then a boat ride out to sea and into the Rio Cassipore, the extreme north of Amapa state. The park has an airport, accessible to small aircraft all year round. The national parks, reserves and research stations in Amapa state are managed by IBAMA, and permission from them to visit these protected areas is required. For more information, contact IBAMA (Tel.: 223-2099), Superintendencia Estadual, Rua Hamilton Silva 1570, Bairro Santa Rita, Macapd. TOCANTINS The new state of Tocantins encompasses what was previously the northern half of the state of Goias. Until the Belem-Brasilia highway was built, there was no road link between southern and northern Goias. The new highway served mostly as an expressway from the north to the south of Brazil, and consequently, each region maintained a different cultural history. Southern Goias had mostly been colonized by people from the southern states of Brazil, who traditionally didn't mix with the native Indians or black slaves. Colonization of the northern part of Goias was mostly by people from the northern parts of Brazil, with strong miscegenation with native Indians and blacks, creating a new ethnic group with different physical characteristics and a distinctive culture. The separationist movements in what is now Tocantins started as far back as the early 19th century, with the most significant one, headed by Joquim Segurado, in 1821. On 1 January 1989 a constitutional amendment
creating the new state of Tocantins came into effect. The state was supposedly created to give the Indians of the region greater autonomy; however, they appear to have been conveniently shuffled aside to make way for grandiose Big Plans with lavish use of statistics and slogans, such as '20 anos em 2' (20 years of progress in two). Siqueira Campos, a man who had pushed for the state's creation for 25 years, took part in a bitter tussle with rival politicians before emerging victorious as the new governor of the state. The political debate produced some strange claims. Jose Freire, one of Campos' toughest rivals, tried to prove that Campos was a murderer who had changed his name in the 1960s. Freire offered a substantial reward to anyone who could prove this theory by producing the relevant birth certificate and other pertinent papers. One curious flaw in Freire's argument was his inability to provide Campos' real name. After ferocious politicking in three rival towns, the town of Palmas was officially declared the state capital. Campo, during his first term, launched into dozens of development projects, and the grandiose Palacio do Araguaia, seat of the state government, was the first building completed. He had a hard time keeping up with the pace of progress expected during the two years of his administration, and in the following elections, in 1991, he lost his post to Moises Avelino. Avelino's administration aimed to set up the basic infrastructure for industrial development in the state, and the obsession with development continues: re-elected for a four-year term at the last state elections, in 1994, Siqueira Campos now uses the slogan '40 anos em 4' (40 years of progress in four). Tocantins currently has over 1.2 million inhabitants in 123 municipalities assigned to 15 administrative regions over an area of 286,706 sq. km. Technically, it belongs to the northern region of Brazil, with Para and Mato Grosso states to the west, Maranhao and Bahia to the east and Goias to the south. BWV2IL-MAY1998
Geographically, the state has three defined regions: north, with vegetation mostly influenced by the Amazon rainforests; median (Araguaia), an area of transition between forest and Savannah; and central south-east, which is mostly Savannah, with sections of deciduous forest on the borders with Bahia and Goias. The state's climate is predominantly tropical: humid, with average temperatures between 25°C and 36°C. PALMAS The state capital is a planned city strategically placed in the center of Tocantins. It is 973 km from Brasilia and 1271 km from Belem. Unless you have a specific reason to visit, give it a miss. In 1991, Palmas had 2000 inhabitants in the piano piloto (pilot plan), mostly public officials and construction workers. In 1995 its population was 25,000 in the town of Palmas and about 140,000 in its municipality. The original plan of organized growth seems to be getting out of hand, with migrants from other states arriving every day seeking new opportunities. Optimistic estimates envisage that the Palmas district will achieve a population target of half a million by the turn of the century. Things to See & Do Apart from the grandiose Palacio Araguaia, and other government buildings, there isn't much to see in Palmas. The vast, sparse scale of the city is typical of the megalomania rampant in the state. During the months of June, July and August, the beach of Graciosa (in the town of Canela, 12 km from Palmas) and the Taquarassu waterfalls (in Serra do Carmo, about 26 km from Paimas) are the places where locals go for relief from the heat. GURUPI One of the three largest towns in the state, with about 104,000 inhabitants, Gurupi is also one of Tocantins' most important agroindustrial areas. It is 712 km north of Brasilia along the Belem-Brasilia highway. Festivals—Festejos de Santo Antonio and the state's largest agricultural exhibition are both held during the month of June. BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
FORMOSO DO ARAGUAIA This small town is about 70 km west of Gurupi, towards Ilha do Bananal. It has about 19,000 inhabitants, mostly agricultural laborers, farmers and public servants. Projeto Rio Formoso—If you are interested in agriculture you can visit the Projeto Formoso, a megasized rice plantation in an area claimed to be the largest continuous area of irrigated crop in the world! We saw wild deer end chameleons, as well as rheas and various other birds, living on the plantat on. RIO ARAGUAIA The Rio Araguaia begins in the Serra dos aiapos and flows 2600 km northwards, forming the borders of Mato Grosso, Goias, Tocantins, and Par before joining the Rio Tocantins where the states of T • cantins, Maranhao and Para meet, near Maraba. Abou i 500 km from its source, the Araguaia bifurcates into the greater and lesser raguaia rivers, which course west and east respecti ely and then rejoin, having formed the largest river sland in the world, Ilha do Bananal. The river is not easily accessible, so to rs are a good idea. The best access from Mato Gros .o is via Barra do Garcas, about 500 km from Cuiabd. arra do Gareas has the Parque de Aguas Quentes (hot prings). Camping facilities are open from May to Oct ber. It's a rapidly growing agricultural boom town o 30,000 people and there are four simple hotels. The stretch of the Rio Araguaia from th town of Aruana up to Ilha do Bananal is considered o e of the best freshwater fishing areas in the world. T e region is beginning to attract Brazilian holiday-make s during the dry season (June to September), when the eceding waters uncover white beaches along the ri erbank. Many Brazilians camp on the banks of t e river. During the May to October fishing season, pin/ado, pirarucu, pacu, tucunare, surubim and matr nchel are there for the taking. ILHA DO BANANAL Formed by the splitting of the Rio Arag aia, Ilha do Bananal is the world's largest river island, covering 20,000 sq. km. The northern section is th Parque Nacional do Araguaia, but most of the isl nd is an Indian reserve inhabited by Karaj as and Javae Indians. Farmers use the island's lush pastures fo grazing their cattle. In September 1994 the federal go ernment officially declared that all trespassers were to vacate the island. Since many of the 900 families ave lived on the island for generations, this has caus d a lot of ill feeling in the community. At the time o writing, compensation (in the form of relocation) as being arranged. The Indians were understandably •ecoming impatient with the bureaucracy, and thre tening to take their own action. Much ofthe island is covered with fores and there is plenty of wildlife, but only birds are isible in abundance. At sunset and sunrise you can eel in all sorts offish, including dogfish with teeth so large that the Indians use them to shave with. There ar tucunare with colorful moustaches, ferocious t barana, pirarucu (two-meter-long, 100-kg mon ers) and several other slimy critters. The river al • harbors botos (freshwater dolphins), jacare, soias rare, oneeyed fish) and poraque (electric fish). Peter Fleming describes an excursion in his region in his excellent travelogue entitled razilian Adventure. Fleming's route took him own the Araguaia to Sao Felix do Araguaia, where his group prepared for an expedi ion up the Rio Tapirape in an attempt to discover what had
happened to Colonel Fawcett, am English explorer who disappeared there in 1925. Permission to visit the park can be obtained from 1BAMA (the national parks service) in Brasilia or Palmas (Tel.: 215-1873), or from the park director (Tel.: 2242457), who lives in Goiania (Goias state). Of course, if you just show up, you may save a lot of time and hassle and get in just the same. There is simple accommodation available on the island, but no food other than what you bring. Getting There Sao Felix do Araguaia Sdo Felix with a population of around 3000, is in Mato Grosso state on the Rio das Mortes, and has a few simple hotels. On the river's edge, you'll find the very basic Hotel Araguaia. If you're tempted to take one of the rooms with air-con, don't. When the electricity is turned off, at 11 pm, those tomb-like rooms turn into ovens. Get a room that has a ceiling vent through to the hallway. In town, you can arrange boat rides from fisherfolk and locals who hang out on the water's edge. The pizzeria and fish restaurant overhanging the water is recommended. In July, the town may well be flooded with local tourists looking to catch some rays. Santa Teresinha Another gateway to Ilha do Bananal is the small town of Santa Teresinha (in Mato Grosso state). A small hotel on the water's edge is popular with foreign naturalists, who use it as a base for visits to the Parque Nacional do Araguaia. Costs in this region, as in all ofthe Amazon, are higher than those in Rio or Salvador—so be prepared. Excerpts from Brazil A Travel Survival Kit 3rd edition. by Andrew Draffen, Chris McAsey, Leonardo Pinheiro, and Robyn Jones. For more information call Lonely Planet: (800) 275-8555. Copyright 1992 Lonely Planet Publications. Used by permission. 37
Soulful Guitar Paulo Bellinati is one of the Brazil's best guitar players. He has appeared on hundreds of records from classical to jazz and Brazilian pop. A musical thinker, he has crossed idioms and oceans. As a researcher he has gone further than most in seeking out gems of Brazilian repertoire. TEXT: BRUCE GILMAN PHOTOS: GAL OPPIDO
The music of Paulo Bellinati is absolutely stimulating. Most important is the music itself beyond all the technical elements which distance the interpreter from the story he is telling. I find myself listening to his records many times in a row. They are inspiring and moving in clear directions. Above all, they are Brazilian. Egberto Gismonti It would be no exaggeration to say that the guitar is the most important harmonic and melodic instrument in Brazilian music, nor would it be an exaggeration to say that the soul of Brazil is expressed through guitar strings. The guitar is responsible for spawning an enormous and diversified repertoire of Brazilian popular music. It is to Brazilian popular music (MPB) what the sax is to North American ja77. And as in ja77, certain players and composers have been leaving their indelible marks on the Brazilian guitar repertoire. Some have actively shaped the course of the repertoire, while others have affected it more osmotically. If in the late 1990's there is a consensus about anything in Brazilian guitar playing, it is that Paulo Bellinati is one of the country's very best. Moving easily between the air-tight divisions of classical, avant-garde j a 77, and MPB, Paulo Bellinati has appeared on hundreds ofrecordings. And from the earliest, he has been recognized as a completely distinctive performer by any and all criteria: melodic inventiveness, harmonic sophistication, rhythmic sureness, a totally personal sound, and an arresting power of communication. Paulo can transfer the essence of rich contemporary harmonic and beautiful melodic ideas through his instrument to the listener and attain those peaks ofgreat originality that many players can only strive for throughout their careers. The technically unbelievable feats Paulo accomplishes on guitar and the fire and deep soul with which he performs them may be what first catches your attention, but substantial merit lies also in his work as an arranger and composer. He is a musical architect of the highest order who has added a sizable number of pieces to the guitar repertoire. His compositions possess the technical complexity of the classical discipline and the "dissonant" harmonies ofjazz without ever losing the Brazilianity of the choro, valsa, and samba. A real musical thinker who has crossed idioms and oceans, Bell inati is, in addition, aresearcher who has gone further than most in seeking out gems of Brazilian repertoire. Even in so argumentative a field as music, you would be fairly safe in reducing matters to the simplest terms by saying that Bellinati has carved out a position for himself as one of the premier musicians in the Brazilian guitar circle. But he is not the sort of musician whose record company has had to engage in hysterical hard-sell advertising copy. His work speaks for itself. And Paulo's work has started to receive the impact of a richly deserved and long overdue recognition from critics and audiences alike. His CD Guitares du Bresil (GHA-1991) received Le Choc de La Musique from Le Monde de La Musique and a 4-star rating from Diapason, two of the most important music magazines in France. He won Brazil's equivalent of a Grammy, the Premio Sharp, in 1994 for his arranging on Gal Costa's CD 0 Sorriso do Gato de Alice. His CD Serenata (GSP-1993) with choros and waltzes written by Jobim, Gnattali, Almeida, Powell, Reis, Neves, and Bellinati himself; and his CD Afro-Sambas (GSP-1997) with Monica Salmaso on vocals were both finalists for Premio Sharp awards in 1997. As ofpress time, Paulo's CD Lira Brasileira (GSP1016) is a finalist for the 1998 Premio Sharp Award in the Best Instrumental Soloist category. Additionally, Paulo's arrangements and compositions are being recorded and performed by many of the world's top players including John Williams, The Los Angeles Guitar Quartet, The Duo Assad, Eduardo Isaac, and Carlos Barbosa Lima. I can cite Paulo's influences. I can describe his tools. I can name his contemporaries. But no matter how many words I use, I cannot describe what listening to his version of Afro-Sambas will tell you. Those who have heard Paulo Bellinati will never forget the experience. If you listen with your eyes closed, you can imagine some expressive force ofvivid imagination and tensely personal musical vision. He is simultaneously kinetic and hypnotic. Paulo Bellinati truly has to be heard. It has often been said that a man's tone on his instrument is inseparably related to the nature of his mind, so I feel fortunate to have finally had the opportunity to chat with this gentle giant of the guitar world as we had missed several occasions over the past few years. When I caught up with him early Sunday morning at his home in Sao Paulo, he had just come off a six week tour that had taken him from Canada to the United States then to Finland and finally France before returning to Brazil. Brazzil—Good morning, Paulo. How's it going? Paulo---I'm incredibly busy these days. I'm home only today and tomorrow then I'll be in Rio for the rest of the month. I'm working with Leila Pinheiro—arranging and playing on her next 38
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
album. Immediately after that I'll be in Europe doing a duet tour with the great bassist and composer Steve Swallow. Brazzil—Tell me about Leila's arrangements. Paulo—They are mainly for a small group: two guitars, bass, drums, and piano. It's more a culling of pieces, you know. We're working from zero. She has chosen pieces by different composers, and what I'm doing with her is, of course, making the arrangements, picking the harmonies, and also building the concept of each piece. Will the tunes have introductions? What kind of ending? Will there be improvising? What's the rhythm going to be? The entire conception, the base conception is what I'm doing now. Brazzil—Have you worked with Leila before? Paulo—We started working together, let's see, ten years ago. I first met her when I did a recording with Pau Brasil, Edu Lobo, and Chico Buarque called Danca da Meia Lua. It was a ballet written by Edu and Chico. Edu Lobo and Chico Buarque have written three or four ballets. The first one was from 20 years ago, but this one was made in '88. Leila Pinheiro was on one track. Brazzil—Have you worked before with Steve Swallow? Paulo—No, never. One day he bought one of my recordings in New York, then he contacted me through my manager in Austria. Brazzil—You 'ye both written extensively. Whose compositions will you be playing on the tour? Paulo—Half and half. We've been preparing and sending scores to each other. Brazzil—Will you and Steve be recording a CD? Paulo—It's gonna happen. We're going to perform seven concerts in Europe: Italy, Austria, Switzerland. We haven't talked much about recording yet because Steve has been busy too. Just before our tour he'll be coming off a tour in Europe with Paul Motian, Carla Bley, and Lee Konitz. Brazzil—Sounds like another great guitar/bass collaboration. Have you heard the Ralph Towner and Gary Peacock duet album? Paulo—Yeah, I know that one. I don't have it, but I know the album. Brazzil—And Pat Metheny and Charlie Haden's? Paulo—Yeah, yea, it's a nice album. Beyond the Missouri Sky. Very nice. I love that album. Brazzil—I understand you've stopped playing jazz guitar. Paulo—Yes. For many years I played a lot with many Brazilian musicians—electric guitar. I don't do this any more. I don't have time, but I did a lot. I've done many gigs with electric guitar, even with Pau Brasil I was a ja77 player (laughs). Brazzil—You played with Pau Brasil,one of Brazil's most innovative jazz ensembles, for 70 years and recorded six albums with them. Is there a philosophy behind the band? Paulo—You know I quit the group in '92, so I don't know anything anymore. The new group with Marlui (Miranda) is not the same group at all—different music, different musicians. Rodolfo Stroeter, the bass player, is the only one who has remained in the group. It's his group. He also owns the record label Pau Brasil. Brazzil—Did you ever get into Joe Pass? Paulo—Yeah, sure. We met here in Brazil. I went to his hotel and gave him my album, and we jammed together in his hotel room. But, you know, I've never written a jazz piece. Fifteen years ago!decided to turn my eyes to Brazilian music. I compose only Brazilian pieces. I always compose over the Brazilian folk forms or Brazilian rhythms.. always, always. My history as a composer has been 100% Brazilian. My first composition in 1977 was a choro and then a bald° and then the other Brazilian forms. Brazzil—Your CD Lira Brasileira is essential listening for anyone wanting to become familiar with the principal musical forms in Brazilian music. Was it conceived as one expansive work, with each track as an individual movement, or did you compile different pieces you had written over a long period of time to fit the concept? Paulo—It is one expansive work. I took three years to write the entire piece. But it was a gradual process. I wrote three of the pieces in '94, five pieces in '95, and seven pieces from January to April '96. I recorded in May 96. BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Brazzil—"C uva e Mar" is dedicated to Heitor VillaLobos. "Rosto Cala do" is dedicated to Guinga. Which Brazilian composers have had the strongest influence on your writing? Paulo—I thi the best ones—Gismonti, Gnattali, Jobim, Villa-Lobos... I think II( those composers are the best Brazilian composers ever, listen to and I play compositions by Radames Gnattali, by Viii -Lobos, by Jobim, and by Gismonti. They are incredible comp sers. And Hermeto Pascoal, of course. Yes, those people, the show how life is. And i f you go further with the best, of course, you have the main choro composers like Pixinguinha and bee. do Bandolim. Also incredible. But VillaLobos is the mai Brazilian composer and has influenced generations of compo ers—Mignone, Gnattali, Jobim, Edu Lobo, Gismonti, Guing to name a few. His compositions for guitar are important and h e influenced many guitar players. Brazzil—Eg iertoGismonti has said somevery nicethings about your pla ng. Paulo—Yes that was very nice. Brazzil--Te I me about the concert he invited you to perform at. Paulo—Yes it was great. I was a special guest at Gismonti's concert. It was a pecial project here in Sao Paulo that Gismonti was playing thee tire month—four weekends, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, nic concerts, twelve concerts. Each day he invited some important usician to play in his concert... to present the important music ans of Brazil. One day he i vited me (laughs). In the middle of his concert he stopped and i troduced me to the people, "You must hear this guy. This guy is ery important." Like showing the people that Brazil is big and as important artists that the media doesn't give space to. He sa d wonderful things about my work and our friendship. It wa very, very kind of him to have this idea, you know. I came o stage and played two solo pieces from Lira Brasileira. Brazzil—W at are you performing in your concerts right now? Paulo—In razil, I'm doing my solo work, playing my compositions frim Lira Brasileira and my compositions from my other albums and I'm also playing with Monica. We are doing Afro-Sambas do n here. Brazzil -Tel me about Monica Salmaso. Paulo—Mo ica is very young. She is twenty-six, and she's incredible. She as a voice... you know of an older person, an experienced voi e, not the voice ofsomeone twenty-six years old. We have a feeli g that she will become a major singer, a voice. Incredible! I thi we're going to hear a lot about her work. Now she's going to re ease her own album. Brazzil—A e you working on that project with her? Paulo—I a only a guest. I played on and arranged three pieces for this 4 D. Nana Vasconcelos and many other great players are play' g on this album. It will be released next week or something on Pau Brasil. Brazzil—What prompted you to record the Afro-Sambas? Paulo—I was introduced to Monica five years ago by Eduardo Gudin, a compos r, guitar player, and producer from sao Paulo... a great samba omposer. He represents samba in Sao Paulo. Eduardo invited ne to be the musical director and arranger for the CD of a new si ger, Monica Salmaso, who he was about to produce. His id a was to record the complete Afro-Sambas. Getting a projec like that was a gift. It was a fantastic idea, but a big, big challenge. You can imagine the amount of work necessary to record a work that was recorded before by Baden and V i nici us. Nevert eless, it was incredible to have it. After one year Gudin and the r cord company he worked for dropped the idea and also Monic . It was over. After another year ('95) I decided to produce the a bum by myself. Brazzil—T II me a little a about the process. Paulo—It as a process of creation, totally, because we had only two recordings to work with. The first was the original AfroSambas from 1966 with Baden Powell and Vinicius de Moraes. The other was all album made in '91 that Baden recorded as a private enterpri e after Vinicius's death. It was never released commercially. or this second Afro-Sambas Baden invited Quartet° em Cy four female vocalists, who had worked on the 39
original project. things are already in the fingers. They're a very famous group from the time ofBossallova and I rehearse myself the way I do with other people, with any of have recorded lots, hundreds of albums. This second recording of the works, the way I would rehearse with Leila or Monica. I make Afro-Sambas is very hard to find because it was not in the stores. no exceptions. 'get tired and develop a pacing, work out probWe had only those two works, and we listened to those recordings lems, find what works, change one piece, experiment with anhundreds of times (laughs), analyzing and learning every detail, other order, try this and try that to try to make a concert better— everything about each song. Then we forgot everything and more rehearsals than practicing. Just concerts or rehearsals. There recreated. are all these projects. As for writing the arrangements, this is more Brazzil—Has Baden heard your recording? theoretical work It's a rehearsal where I create the concepts on Paulo—He loved it. papers, but I'm Still visualizing the concert. Brazzil—You were Gal Costa's music director, producer, Brarzil—You gave a concert in Finland on the last tour. and arranger. How did you find working with her? Paulo—Ye:4 I've gone there twice already. This year they Paulo—I only worked with Gal for organized a big intemaa few months in 1993. I made six or •••••••••••••••••••••••• • • • • II tional guitar festival, the seven arrangements for 0 Sorriso do Chorus Guitar Festival Gato de Alice, and I did one tour in Paulo Bellinati '97 in Porvoo, a town near Japan. Gal is a fantastic person. Very Selected Discography: Helsinki. There were outkind and down-to-earth. It was great to standing players from all Afro-Sambas rehearse, record, and create the arrangeover the world. I played a (AtracAo/1996-Brasil) ments for her. The most difficult thing GSP 1997 (with Monica concert and taught for five was the schedule. When you work with Salmaso) days. It's very common in Serenata such a famous artist, they need you GSP 1993(solo) guitar festivals to have this Guitares du Brad GHA completely. You don't have any time 1991 (solo) kind ofactivity, you know. The Guitar Works of/ Garoto GSP left for your solo career, so things have 1991 (solo) Brazzil—Who do Metropolis Tropical! Divine Comedia 1991 (withPauBrasil) changed a little bit. My option was to you feel are the outstandVioloes do Brasil stay with Gal or stop and dedicate myCrescente1990(solo) ing players today? La Vem a Tribo self to my own works. Now I'm totally GHA 1989(withPauBrasil) Paulo—I like some of Danca c/a Meia-LualSom Livre committed to my solo career. 1988 (with Chico the major players like Brazzil—So when you get a call to Buarque, Edu Lobo, Ralph Towner and Pat work with someone like Leila... and Pau Brasil) Metheny. I love those Cep:as Brasileiras Continental Paulo—This was a chance for 1987(withPauBrasil) players. I think they are Corot() Leila... having me here (laughs). It's Marcus Pereira 1986 (solo) incredible. Always, when Pindorama Copacabana funny because I have all these tours 1986 (withPauBrasil) I can, I go to hear them in Pau Brasil coming up, and it's by chance that she Continental 1983 (withPauBrasil) concert. I have their alwanted to record the album now, just bums. They have such * Recordings by Paulo Bellinati as well as printed scores of his when I was playing and staying in Brapersonality, you know. I zil. She just got me. It was good timing. • compositions are available from Guitar Solo Publications. don't like players who Brazzil—How much ofevery year ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• don't have this kind of are you traveling? personality of sound. Paulo—My schedule has increased each year, more travel When you listen to a guitar player like Pat Metheny, for example, and more concerts. Now I spend six months outside of Brazil. you know that it's him.No one has to tell you who is playing. You Brazzil—Do you have time to practice when you're tourknow it's Pat Metheny. You know the sound. ing? The same thing happens with Ralph Towner. The guy has this Paulo—Oh yes, always. Of course, always. Yes. personality of sound that is amazing. In my early days, when I was Brazzil—How much do you practice every day? starting with music, when !was starting the guitar, I was a big fan Paulo Oh well, I don't know, it depends. When I have an of Wes Montgomery. I had all the albums. I would listen and pick important concert coming maybe five hours a day. Four or five out his solos. I was really inspired by Wes. I still have all his hours, something like that. I don't practice too much the day ofthe recordings. concert, you know. But I practice a lot the day before, the week Brazzil—Why do so many people speak of Brazil as the before. It's a different thing when you're preparing a new pro-, country of guitar players? gram. When I do that, I'm not on tour, you know. I'm home and Paulo—It is. We have an important style of guitar playing can practice every day. I have a very strict program for practicing, here. It's important, like flamenco for the Spanish. In proportion you know. of importance, we have the same thing here. I mean the culture is Brazzil—Can you describe the program. linked to the music and the music is linked with the guitar. The Paulo—Well, I try to organize myself between composing, guitar is part of the music of the country. arranging, and practicing, lots of activities. Of course, I can't do Brazzil—Why did you choose the guitar in the first place? all those things every day. I have to concentrate on only one thing Paulo—I think it was because it was a cheap thing to have at each day. It depends on the work that I have to do, what's coming home (laughs). We had a guitar at home, and my sister was taking up first. Now I have Leila Pinheiro up, so I'm working on the guitar lessons. The guitar was very popular in 1965 becauseofthe arrangements for her album. That will be my priority for the next bossa nova. The .bossa nova was on the top. There were many couple of days. But I have the concerts coming, so I have to guitar players, like Baden Powell and Paul inho Nogueira. Those practice the things for Steve (Swallow). It's all based on priority. players were on top of the list, you know. They were playing on I'll work with Leila now because the records going to start in ten television a lot. We had Joao Gilberto and all those stars. days. I have to have the things ready for the recording. But after Brazzil—Who is on top of the list in Brazil now? that I'll be working solidly on the Steve Swallow project. Paulo—Oh, I don't, know. It's changed too much. Baden Brazzil—When you are practicing guitar, are you pracPowell doesn't play so often any more. You know Guitar Player ticing scales, technical exercises, etudes...? magazine? There is a version in Brazil, the same one as in the Paulo—I don't have any time to do scales any more (laughs). United States, but in Portuguese. At the beginning of this year There is too much to practice—all the pieces, the progressions, they had a musicians' poll to determine the top 10 Brazilian guitar and so on, and the repertoire itself. No, I don't have time to do players, you know. Two hundred guitar players voted, the same things like that. Back, you know when I was a student in the 200 that were on the poll. The only rule was that nobody was conservatory, yes. But I don't do things like that any more. It's allowed to vote for himself. The 10 winners are going to record kind of normal. You build the technique over some years, and a commemorative album that will be released with a special issue after that, when you become a professional player, you don't need of the magazine dedicated to those 10 players. I'm one of them! to go back to the basic things like scales and arpeggios. All those Brazzil -Is it difficult for Brazilian musicians to have a BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Canto de Ossanha (Vinicius de Moraes and Baden Powell) 0 homem que diz
ndo da Porque quern dá mesmo ndo diz 0 homem que diz -You" ndo vai Porque quando foi ja ndo quis 0 homem que diz -sou" nao é Porque quem é mesmo é "nal) sou" 0 homem que diz '16" ndo ta Porque ninguem tá quando quer Coitado do homem que cai No canto de Ossanha, traidor Coitado do homem que vai Arras de mandinga de amor Vai, vai, vai. vai, ndo you Vai, vai, vai, vai, ndo you Vai, vai, vai, vai, ndo you Vai, vai, vai, vai, ndo you Que eu ndo sou ninguem de ir Em conversa de esquecer A tristeza de urn amor que passou Ndo. eu so you se for pra ver Uma estrela aparecer Na manha de urn novo amor Amigo sinho Sarava Xang6 me mandou Ihe dizer Se é canto de Ossanha, ndo Va Que muito vai se arrepender Pergunte pro seu Orixa 0 amor so é born se doer Pergunte pro seu Orixd. 0 amor sO é born se doer
Chant of Ossanha (1) (God of all botanicals and medicine)
Canto de lemanja Vinicius de Moraes and Baden Powell
The man who says "I give- does not lemanja, lemanja give lemanja é dona Janaina que vem lemanja, lemanja Because the one who really gives does lemanja é muita tristeza que vem not say The man who says -I'm going" does not go Vem do luar no ceu Because when he went he did not want Vem 6o luar No mar coberto de fl6r, meu to bem The man who says am" is not De lemanja Because the one who really is does not De lemanja a cantar o amor say am" E a se mirar The man who says "I'm here" is not Because no one is when they Na lua triste no ceu, meu bem Triste no mar want Pitiful man who falls Into the spell of Ossanha, traitor Se voce quiser amar Pitiful man who goes Se voce quiser amor Vern comigo a Salvador Behind the sorcery of love Para ouvir Iemanja Go, go, go, go, I don't go Go, go, go, go, I don't go A cantar, na mare que vai E na mare que vem Go, go, go, go, I don't go Go, go, go, go, I don't go Do fim, mais do In, do I am not someone who mar Talks just to forget Bern ma.s alem Bern mais alem do que o fim do The sadness of a love that mar is gone No, lam only going if I will see Bern mars alem A star arise In the morning of a new love Friend sir Hail Xango asked me to tell you If it is the chant of Ossanha, don't follow You will regret it Ask your Orixd Love is only good if it is painful Ask your Orixa Love is only good if it is painful
Go, go, go, go, to love Vai, vai, vai, vai, amar Go, go, go, to suffer Vai, vai, vai, sofrer Go, go, go, go, to cry Vai, vai, vai, vai, chorar Go, go, go, to say Vai, vai, vai. dizer I am not someone who Que eu rid() sou ninguem de ir Talks just to forget Em conversa de esquecer The sadness of a love that A tristeza de urn amor que is gone passou Ndo, eu s6 you se for pra ver No, Jam only going if! will see A star arise Uma estrela aparecer In the morning of a new love Na manhd de urn novo amor (1) Ossanha is a dwarf who walks at night through the forest. Whoever sees Ossanha by chance will bring the spirit of evil and have bad luck.
Canto de ang8
lemanja, Iemanja lemanja is the lady Janaina that comes lemanja, lemanja lemanja is so much sadness that comes She comes from the moonlight in the sky She comes from the moonlight On the sea covered with flowers, my love From lemanja From lemanja singing and love And she looks at herself In the sad moon in the sky. my love Sad in the sea If you want to love If you want love Come with me to Salvador To listen to lemanja Singing on the tide that comes And on the tide that goes From the end, from the farthest end of the sea Far beyond Farther beyond than the end of the sea Far beyond
Chant of Xango (God of Thunder, Lightning, and Justice)
Vinicius de oraes and Baden owell Eu vim d longe Eu vim, nem sei mais onde que u vim Sou filho de Rei Muito lutei pra ser o ue eu sou Eu sou negro de cor Mas tudo e sO amor em mim Tudo C sO o amor, para mim Xango iAgod6 Hoje é tempo de amor Hoje e tempo de dor, epi mim Xango &godO Salve, Xango, meu Rei enhor Salve, me Orixa Tern sete cores ma cor Sete dias para gen e amar Mas amar 4 sofrer Mas amar é morre de dor Xango, meu Senhor, aravd! Me fag sofrer Ah, me faca morrer Ah, me faca morrer e amar Xang6. meu Senhor, arava! Xangeo lAgodo
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Chant of lemanja (Goddess of the ocean and mother of all Afro-Brazilian Orixd)
I came from very far away I came, I don't know from where I am the son of the King I fought hard to be what I am I am black in color But everything is only love inside me Everything is only love for me Xang6 Agodo Today is the time of love Today is my time of pain Xang6 Agodo Greetings, Xango, my Lord King Greetings, my Lord You have seven colors Seven days for us to love But love is to suffer But love is to die in pain Xango, my Lord, hail! Make me suffer Ah, make me die Ah. make me die of love XanO, my Lord, hail! Xang6 Agodo 41
career outside of Brazil? dedicated to Brazilian music, but more than that, to the Brazilian Paulo—Yes, it's difficult because you have to learn how to guitar. The instrument is the main thing. The classical guitar. administrate your career. It's a whole other job. I had to learn how Brazzil—Still it must be flattering to have the top players to do it. I have a career because I learned how to do it. Learning recording your work. how to play, how to compose, and how to arrange music was one Paulo—Yes, the great John Williams, you know, just rething, but knowing how to manage yourself is another. It's a corded one ofmy compositions on his latest album, The Madness totally different thing. and the Moon on Sony Classical. It's a piece I wrote for two Brazzil—What is your next project for GSP going to be? guitars and dedicated to the Assad brothers titled "Jongo." And Paulo GSP wants me to do an album ofsolo guitar along the many, many other guitar players are playing my compositions same lines as Afro-Sambas, that is, arrangements of important now. Every week! learn that somebody has recorded my pieces Brazilian songs. So I think I'm going to do it (laughs). I'll be in Japan or in Europe or here in Brazil, so I can't complain. arranging some Jobim again, but I'd also like to do Edu Lobo, Brazzil—Do you play a special type of guitar? Chico Buarque, Joao Gilberto, and Joao Bosco. Important songs, Paulo—I have very nice instruments. I play now with an that's the idea. I'm working on the idea. I don't have it yet because Ignacio Fleta from Barcelona, which is one of the greatest. It's a the recording is not until the very end of the year. great instrument, one of the top guitars in the world. There are Brazzil—Will you be performing in the States at the end many makers around the world, but Fleta is one of the most of the year? important. Segovia played one of his guitars. Very important Paulo—Yes, I'm planning to come instrument. John Williams has played a Fleta for back to the United States in November for years and years. I play with a Fleta now, but for the a tour on the East Coast—Boston, ConGaroto album!recorded with a Paul Fischer, a British necticut. I don't know about San Francisco maker, very important too. yet. I'm tryirig to organize that now. What's Brazzil—Didn't you do a lot of research for really down is Boston, Connecticut, and that recording? Salt Lake City. I'm working on the other Paulo—Yes, eight years. Brazil is very bad with dates. memory and remembering things concerning the Brazzil—Paulo, you've traveled the arts. No one seems to care about manuscripts or older world, worked with the best a rtists across recordings. Everything was very hard to find. Even genres, you have an impressive discogGaroto's children, his son and daughter, who are still raphy. What has been the most imporalive here in Sao Paulo, didn't have anything. But tant event in your career so far? there are some collectors here in Sao Paulo. What I Paulo—I'd like to tell you something. did was try to locate those collectors and see if they What has happened, in say, the past three had anything about Garoto. All the material I uncovyears is that I've started to be invited to ered was from private collections. guitar festivals. The guitar is a very special One collector who was extremely helpful was instrument because there are many guitar Professor Ronoel Simbes. He is seventy-eight years societies around the world, which is inold and lives here in Sao Paulo with his wife. Ronoel credible. Those guitars societies are everywas a very close friend of Garoto and had some rare where: Europe, England, Switzerland, evmanuscripts and recordings of Garoto playing severywhere. In the United States you have eral unpublished tunes. Besides all Garoto's recordmany, many guitar societies, all over the ings and manuscripts, he has close to 7,000 guitar United States. Those guitar societies are recordings and an almost complete archive ofprinted very powerful, and they organize big fesguitar music from all over the world, almost 35,000 tivals, inviting very important players. And scores. Ronoel also is an unbelievable guitar collecat those festivals, many activities take place tor. We say that his house is the biggest guitar like concerts, master classes, lectures, and museum in the world. Guitar Player (Brazil) did a all those kinds of things. five page interview with him in the March '98 issue. And I've started receiving invitations Brazzil—What initially interested you in to some of those important festivals. So, Garoto? I've gone to many. One ofthe most imporPaulo—I heard Laurindo de Almeida playing tant ones last year was the Great Britain three pieces and was completely amazed by the Classical Guitar Festival. It's a festival Monica Salmaso and Bell compositions, with the sophistication of the harmothat draws the most important classical nies and the beauty of the melodic lines. Once I guitar players, likeJolm William and David started playing those pieces, I wanted to play more Russell—young guy, monster player. He's the new Segovia. I and more Garoto, so I started looking. I told myself, "I'm going was there for one week, teaching, giving workshops, master to do this research." For some time I was deep into the research. classes, and I performed one concert. I'd find one nice piece and say, "Wow! I have to play this in my The Duo Assad was there too and gave a concert. What I'm concert." I'd start playing it, and I'd want to play more, so I had trying to say to you is that the Brazilian guitar is starting to be to do more research. Before I realized it, I was deep into the recognized as an important style in the guitar world, as important research of the complete guitar works of Garoto. as the Spanish guitar and the Venezuelan guitar. The fact that I'm being invited to teach Brazilian guitar at those big classical guitar Brazzil—Raphael Rabello was a tremendous talent who festivals makes me feel more important in the guitar world, makes left the scene far too early. Paulo, you said that David Russell me feel that I have something important to say and to introduce was the new Segovia. Is there a new Raphael Rabello? to the guitar literature. I think this is the most important thing that Paulo—Raphael Rabello died so young. So there's been no has happened in my career, in my life—to be invited to those time. He died when he was thirty years old. He's still there, man, monster festivals, the best guitar festivals in the world. I'm very with his albums. He's great. GSP is about to release an album now, proud of this. a new album by Raphael Rabello. It's going to be fantastic. Brazzil—Then for you guitar is what's most important? Raphael Lives! Yes.. Paulo—The most important thing is the guitar. When I dedicated my career to the guitar, I realized it went faster and Bruce Gilman, music editor for Brazzil, better because before that something was missing. I arrange and received his Masters degree in music from California I compose... I have written for four guitars, for two guitars, for Institute of the Arts. He leads the Brazilian jazz ensemble Axe everything, for guitar and voice, like Afro-Sambas. I do all those and plays cuica for escola de samba MILA. things, but on the guitar. Guitar i s the main thing. That's why I had You can reach him through his e-mail: the idea to do Afro-Sambas' with only guitar and voice. I'm cuica@interworld.net 42
BFtAZZIL - MAY 1998
You do something to me Something that simply mystifies me Tell me why should it be You have a power to hypnotize me Let me live 'neath your spell You do that voodoo that you do so well For you do something to me That nobody else could do. —Cole Porter (recorded by Joao Gilberto in 1990) Bossa nova, that most personal and international of Brazilian musical forms, has been blessed with numerous gifted composers. By far the greatest was Antonio Carlos (Tom) Jobim. Alone or in partnership with poet Vinicius de Moraes, fellow composer Newton Mendonya, and other illustrious collaborators, Jobim created some of the most famous and enduring bossa nova standards, such as "Garota de Ipanema" (The Girl From Ipanema), "Desafinado" (Out of Tune), and "Corcovado" (Quiet Nights of Quiet Stars). Tom Jobim and Vinicius de Moraes, the seminal bossa nova songwriting team, met in 1956, but the songs they turned out at the time were not particularly innovative. For two years, Jobim/de Moraes tunes sounded like traditional samba-cancdo (samba-song, a slower and more lyrical version of samba). Nobody got particularly excited over them. Then a certain young singer and guitarist came out of nowhere to give these songs a new vocal interpretation and anew beat. The year was 1958, and the new beat was soon known throughout the world as bossa nova. That singer and guitarist was Joao Gilberto. His seductive vocals caressed the ear as well as the soul, while his guitar set an insouciant swinging rhythm going. The voice pulled in one direction, the beat in another. The combination was mesmerizing and highly addictive, refreshing and modem. It opened a new page in the history of popular music. Yet it all began at the most traditional roots. Bahia Joao Gilberto do Prado Pereira de Oliveira was born on 10 June 1931 in Juazeiro, a small provincial town in the interior of the state of Bahia. His father, a prosperous merchant, was a stickler for education and insisted that each of his seven children obtain a school diploma. He was successful with six of them. The exception was the most intelligent child: Joaozinho (little Joao), who from an early age was interested in only one thing—music. When Joao was fourteen, a bohemian godfather gave him a guitar that soon became an extension ofhis body. By the age of fifteen, he was the leader and arranger of a boys' musical group that rehearsed under an old tamarind tree in the center of town and performed regularly at social functions. The music Joao heard during his childhood in the '40s emanated from the loudspeaker of a local store. It included U.S. hits like "Caravan" with Duke Ellington, "Song of India" with Tommy Dorsey, "Dream Lover" with Jeanette MacDonald, and "Menilmontant" with the French singer/composer Charles Trenet. Of course, there was also a host of Brazilian successes of the BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Plain Joao He's been called 0 Re: da Bossa (The King_of Bossa), 0 Mito (The Legend), // Maestro Supremo (The Supreme Master), and 0 ZenBaiano (The ZenBahian). He's been widely gossiped about throughout his long career.1-lailed as a genius, clucked over as a reclusive eccentric, and arguably the most enigmatic Brazilian alive, Joao Gilberto continues to confound his countrymen forty years after he's burst upon the public scene and changed Brazilian music forever. DANIELLA THOMPSON
period, such as "Bolinha de Papel" (Paper Ball) with Anjos do Inferno (Hell's Angels, a popular male vocal group); "Ave Maria no Morro" (Ave Maria on the Hill) with Trio de Ouro; "A Primeira Vez" (The First Time) with Joao's singing idol Orlando Silva; and "0 Samba da Minha Terra" (The Samba of My Land), composed and sung by the great Bahian songwriter Dorival Caymmi. In later years, many of these old songs would find their way into Joao Gilberto's repertoire and recordings, much to the consternation of his modernist fans. By the time he was eighteen, Joao had outgrown Juazeiro and moved to Bahia's capital, Salvador, to try his luck as a radio singer. Many singers of the period derived their sole income from performing on live radio shows. Traditionally, gambling casinos had provided the best employment for musicians, but when gambling was declared illegal in 1946, performers fell upon hard times, and competition for radio contracts became fierce. Joao never became a radio success in Salvador, but while he was there, someone heard him sing and liked his voice. That someone was a member ofthe vocal group Garotos da Lua (Boys From the Moon), who sang daily on Radio Tupi in Rio de Janeiro. Radio Tupi had just hired a new artistic director, Antonio Maria, who was to become a powerful columnist and successful songwriter (he would write the lyrics of"Manha de Carnaval" (Morning of Carnival), theme of the film Black Orpheus). Maria took a dislike to the intimate singing style of the group's lead singer, Jonas Silva. Complaining that Silva was singing too quietly and forcing the whole group "to whisper"—and when it came to singing camaval songs, they lust didn't make it"—Maria threatened to cancel the Garotos' contract unless they replaced their crooner with someone who sounded more like Lucio Alves, the highly popular founder and leader of the premier vocal group Namorados da Lua (Lovers From the Moon). At the time, Joao Gilberto sounded like a hybrid between Lack) Alves and Orlando Silva. The Garotos figured they were getting the best of both worlds and cabled him to come to Rio. It's interesting to note that nine years later, Joao would revolutionize popular singing with the same low-pitched, whispering, vibratoless style for which Jonas Silva had lost his job to Joao. Rio de Janeiro In 1950, at the age of nineteen, Joao Gilberto arrived in the capital. From his very first days in Rio, it was eminently clear to his group mates that their new crooner harbored aspirations for a solo career. To make things worse, his behavior wasn't altogether professional. On more than one occasion, he was late for shows or simply didn't appear at all. The Garotos da Lua began to prepare for surviving without him. A year after his arrival, Joao was fired from the group for 43
one absence too many, but he remained their friend and even continued to share an apartment with several of them. In fact, throughout his first decade in Rio and until he married Astrud Weinert, Joao Gilberto never had a home of his own. He was forever a "permanent guest" at one friend's apartment after another. It was always understood by his hosts that he would never be asked to participate in paying the rent or covering other household expenses. Occasionally he would bring home some fruit (tangerines were his favorites), but his most significant contributions were his surpassingly intelligent conversation and the captivating music he played. A night owl, Joao would sleep during the day and play all night, even though his hosts usually held day jobs. Upon returning from work, they would keep him company until the small hours and think nothing of it. Joao's ability to charm people and get them to do his bidding worked against all odds—until finally his hosts would have enough and ask him to move on. There was always someone else willing to take him in. Following his dismissal from Garotos daLua, Joao's career took a steep downward turn. For seven lean years he was out of the public eye. By his mid-twenties Joao was chronically depressed and a heavy user ofmaconha (marijuana). His appearance was unkempt, his hair long, his clothes ragged. Almost no one would hire him. Joao's girlfriend at the time, Sylvia Telles (later one of the most successful bossa nova singers), left him for another musician. At night, he would stand outside the Rio clubs where his friends—pianists Joao Donato, Johnny Alf, and Tom Jobim, guitarist Luiz Bonfa, or singers Dolores Duran, Ivon Cury and Lucio Alves—were performing and wait for them to join him during intermissions. It looked as if Joao Gilberto would never amount to anything. Without money and work, almost without friends, his pride nevertheless prevented him from taking on jobs he considered demeaning, such as singing in clubs where people talked during the performance or recording commercial jingles. And he resolutely refused to consider a "normal" (i.e., non-musical) job, as his family wished him to do.
historic mining town in the state of Minas Gerais where his elder sister Dadainha lived with her husband. Soon the whole town knew that Dadainha and Pericles had a peculiar guest who spent his days dressed in pajamas, always playing guitar and never leaving the house. Joao played day and night, often the same chord repeated innumerable ways. Having found that the bathroom possessed ideal acoustics for hearing his voice and instrument, Joao took his experiments there. He discovered that by singing quietly and without vibrato, he was able to speed up or slow down his vocals in relation to the guitar, thereby creating his own tempo. To accomplish this, he learned to change the way he emitted sounds, using the nose more than the mouth. He incorporated into his music the best features of his various idols: the natural enunciation of Orlando Silva and Frank Sinatra; the sustained breathing and velvet tones of Dick Farney; the timbres oftrombonist Frank Rosolino from Stan Kenton's band; the cool, intimate delivery of the Page Cavanuagh Trio, Joe Mooney, and Jonas Silva; the interplay of the vocal groups—in Joao's case, using the voice to alter or to complete the guitar's harmony; and the syncopated piano beat of his close friends Joao Donato and Johnny Alf. In Dadainha's tiled, hutnid bathroom, the legendary Joao Gilberto began to take his recognizable slope. So far, however, nobody but he knew of his talent. For the first time, Joao began to admit that he wasn't professionally disciplined enough to take Rio by storm. At this time he also developed a strong aversion to maconha. For the rest of his life, Joao Gilberto would abstain from smoking or drinking anything stronger than orange juice. While Joao was honing the bossa nova beat, Dadainha and Pericles were very concerned about his emotional health and believed that he needed medical help. Joao was therefore sent to his parents' home in Juazeiro, where his father, a bel canto fan, ridiculed his singing with the remark, "This isn't music. It's nhenhenhem. (idle talk)" To his boyhood friends, who remembered how he used to imitate Orlando Silva to perfection, his new mode of singing sounded less than masculine. Eager to avoid taunts, Joao took to practicing in secluded spots. On the banks of the Sao Francisco river, he watched the laundresses pass by, balancing loads of clothes on their heads. Attempting to reproduce the rhythm of their swaying steps, he composed "Bim-Bom," the first bossa nova song. Bim-bom, bim-bim-bom Bim-bom, bim-bim-bom Bim-bom Bim-bom, bim-bim-bom Bim-born, bim-bim-bom
The "Lost" Years If any one man can be credited with helping Joao Gilberto get back on track, it is the gaucho (from the
state ofRio Grande do Sul) Luis Telles. The leader ofthe old-fashioned singing group Quitandinha Serenaders, with whom Joao sang for a while, Telles took Joao under his wing and got him away from the corrosive influences of Rio. In 1955, Joao spent seven months in Telles' hometown, Porto Alegre, where Telles put him up in a luxurious hotel and circulated him in society. Joao soon became the toast of the sleepy town. Singlehandedly he altered Porto Alegre's nightlife. People who normally went to bed early now stayed up all night to adapt themselves to his hours. The Clube da Chave (Key Club) became the obligatory nightspot, because at any moment Joaozinho might appear with his guitar (and this could occur at 3 am). All the patrons adored him and sat enraptured for hours listening to him play or just talk. Soon, some lost their gaucho accent and adopted his Bahian one. At the club, Joao never sang any song all the way to the end. After some questioning, he confided that he didn't like his guitar, and besides, the strings were made of steel; if possible, he'd like to have a new guitar with nylon stings. The club members chipped in and bought him anew guitar. Still Joao didn't play. It turned out he didn't care for this one either. His patrons weren't offended; instead, they went back to the store and exchanged the instrument. New guitar in hand, Joao began a performance marathon that lasted several months. His ego bolstered, Joao followed the spell in Porto Alegre with a stay of eight months in Diamantina, a 44
E so isso meu bald° E n'do tern mais nada tido 0 meu coracdo pediu ctssim -SO Bim-bom, bim-bim-bom Bim-bom, bim-bim-bom Bim-bom -
This is all of my song And there's nothing more My heart has asked that it be this way...
The zen-like simplicity of "Bim-Bom" would come to characterize all future Joao Gilberto compositions. Over the intervening forty years, they've been considered works of pure perfection. At the time, however, the only impression such music made on Joao's father was a growing beliefthat his son was mentally disturbed. An embarrassment to his family in Juazeiro, the errant son was dispatched to a psychiatric sanatorium in Salvador, where he was subjected to a battery of psychological interviews. In the course of one of those, staring out of the window, Joao remarked, "Look at the wind depilating the trees." The psychologist committed the error of saying, "But trees have no hair, Joao," to which remark he responded, "And there are people who have no poetry." He was released from the sanatorium after a week's stay. On the Brink of Stardom In late 1956, Joao was finally ready to return to Rio. There he spent the next year making contacts and demonstrating his new beat with "Bim-Bom" and
another song he'd composed, "Ho-Ba-La-Lá." Some of his new friends were old-guard artists like the composer Bororo, whose classic songs "Curare" (Poison) and "Da Cor do Pecado" (The Color of Sin) Joao would record years later. Others were budding talents he would profoundly influence: guitarists and future composers Carlos Lyra and Roberto Menescal, and singer/guitarist Nara Leao, the celebrated muse of bossa nova.
Joao also renewed his friendship with old colleagues. He visited Jonas BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Silva, the singer he had replaced in Garotos da Lua, and asked, "Jonas, do you have a guitar?" Jonas replied, "No Joao, you know that I don't play guitar." "Well, buy one. Then I'll be able to come to your house and play." The same day, Jonas bought a guitar, selected with great care by one of Joao's oldest friends. Joao appeared a few days later, played one song composed by Jonas, and said he had to leave. It was the first and last time he played that guitar. Jonas' song, "Rosinha" (Little Rose), fared better. In 1990, Joao would record it on his album Joc7o. Of all the contacts, old or new, that Jo5o Gilberto made in Rio, by far the most important was the rekindled acquaintance with Tom Jobim. Tom was now a full-fledged composer. Years ago he had graduated from nightclub pianist to recording arranger and producer at the British-owned record label Odeon (now EMI). When Joao played "Bim-Bom" and "Ho-Ba-La-Ld" for Tom, the latter was impressed not so much with the singing as with the guitar. He immediately recognized the possibilities inherent in the beat: it simplified the rhythm of samba and allowed a lot of room for modern harmonies ofthe kind Tom was creating. Looking over his compositions to see how he could work the new rhythm into them, he found a song he had written with Vinicius de Moraes at least a year earlier. The song was "Chega de Saudade" (No More Longing). "Chega de Saudade" is universally acknowledged as the song that launched both the bossa nova movement and Joao Gilberto's career. It's his signature piece. But Joao was not the first singer to record "Chega de Saudade." That distinction belongs to Elizeth Cardoso, a highly respected singer's singer who never sold vast quantities of records. The recording came about because Tom Jobim and Vinicius de Moraes had the opportunity to make a limited-edition (2,000 copies), non-profit album oftheir songs in 1958. The disc was called Cancilo do Amor Demais (Song of Excessive Love), and nobody would be talking about it today but for the fact that JoAo Gilberto's guitar was present on two of its thirteen tracks. While Elizeth Cardoso was learning the songs, Joao showed her how to delay and advance a chord's rhythm the way he thought "Chega de' Saudade" should be sung, but Elizeth would have none of it and let him know she could do without his advice. She sang the song the conventional way. Only Joao's guitar hinted at what was to come. Jo5o wasn't the second artist to record "Chega de Saudade" either. His friends, the vocal group Os Cariocas (The Guys from Rio), recorded it before him, and because their guitarist Badeco couldn't duplicate JoAo's beat, Joao volunteered to sit in at the recording and play anonymously. Twice now he's accompanied other singers on a recording of "Chega de Saudade." It looked as if the song that was tailor-made for him was slipping away. His own chance came in the summer of 1958. Tom Jobim had been agitating at Odeon to record a 78-rpm single with Joao, and it was an uphill battle. Odeon's artistic director at the time was Aloysio de Oliveira, who had been Carmen Miranda's bandleader in the United States. A lover of powerful, resonant voices (his idol was Dorival Caymmi), he saw no commercial potential for an artist who sang quietly and used no vibrato. It took a lot of pleading from Tom, a guarantee from Odeon's sales director, and a personal recommendation from Caymmi himself before Aloysio relented and authorized a low-cost production. But the recording, which with any other singer would have been concluded in a matter of a few hours, stretched on for days as Joao constantly interrupted the musicians (whose errors only he could hear), confronted the technical staff with unheard-of demands (separate microphones for voice and guitar), and argued with Tom himself about chords. Despite all the conflicts, the definitive takes of "Chega de Saudade" and "Bim-Bom" were finally recorded on 10 July 1958. The single was sent to the record stores in Rio, where it remained in total obscurity for several months. What finally rescued the disc from oblivion was the concerted effort of Odeon's sales staff in Sa'o Paulo. There, too, the beginning was rocky. When they played "Chega de Saudade" for an important client, he thundered, "Why do they record singers who have a cold?" Before the song was over, the client tore the disc off the turntable, smashed it against the corner of the table, and declared, "So, this is the shit they send us from Rio?" The Odeon staff explained that this music was something different, modern, courageous; that young people were going to buy it. The client thought again, and the ball started rolling. The success in Sao Paulo snowballed back to Rio. A star was born. The Reluctant Star BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Over the next three years, JoAo Gilberto recorded the three seminal albums of bossa nova: Chega de Saudade (Odeon, 1959), 0 Amor, o Sorriso e a Flor (Love, Smile, and the Flower; Odeon, 1960), and Jodo Gilberto (Odeon, 1961). The three LPs have been reissued on the CD The Legendaryfodo Gilberto (World Pacific, 1990). In 1961, the U.S. State Department organized a good-will jazz tour of Latin America. One of the musicians on that tour was guitarist Charlie Byrd, who was deeply i pressed with Jo-do Gilberto and Tom Jobim's music. ack in the States, he played one of Jodo's records or his saxophonist friend Stan Getz. As Getz told it to decades later, "I immediately fell in love with it... Ch lie Byrd had tried to sell a record of it with I don't kiow how many companies, and none of 'em wanted jt. What they needed was the voice—the horn." Get and Byrd's LP Jazz Samba (Verve, 1962) became a monster hit. It spent 70 weeks on the pop charts and attained #1 ranking. It made Getz a superstar and spa ned four more Getz bossa nova albums, the most su cessful ofwhich was (and still is)Getz/Gilberto (Verve, 1964) with Joao, Astrud, and Tom. It was the record t at unleashed "The Girl of Ipanema" upon the world. JoA Gilberto lived in the United States from 1962 until 1 80 (with the exception of a two-year stay in Mexico. During his years of exile he recorded— includi g Getz/Gilberto —a scanty list of five outstanding alb ms: Jotio Gilberto en Mexico (Philips 1970). Jodo Giberto (aka "The White Album," PolyGram/ Verve, 973); The Best of Two Worlds with Stan Getz and JoA 's second wife Mificha (Columbia, 1976); and Amoro o (Warner Bros., 1977). Never concerned with financi I success, JoAo spent his time privately playing, compo ing, and plumbing the forgotten treasures of Brazili music. Ag inst the prevailing market trends, he recorded maste ieces by older Brazilian composers such as Ary Barros ("Morena Boca de Ouro"/Golden Mouthed Dark irl), Dorival Caymmi ("Rosa Morena"/Dusky Rose), lf4oel Rosa ("Palpite Infeliz"/Unhappy Remark), and Ge aldo Pereira ("Falsa Baiana"/False Bahian Girl). More t an anyone, Joao Gilberto is responsible for the popula revival of neglected songs from the first five decade ofthe century. He's also the only non-Italian-perhaps the only person—ever to turn an Italian song into a worldwide ja77 standard ("Estate"/Summer). Si ce his return to Brazil, Joao Gilberto has recorded ive more albums: Joao Gilberto Prado Pereira de Oli eira (his only out-of-print disc, Warner Bros., 1980); Brasil with Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil and Maria ethania(Wamer Bros., 1981); Live in Montreux (Elektr , 1987); Joao (PolyGramNerve, 1991); and Eu Sei Qu Vou Te Amar (I Know I'm Going to Love You, Sony, 995). Jodo's discs typically mix bossa nova mains ys with his own minimal compositions, old songs Qrn any part of the world, and the work of young r Brazilian songwriters such as Chico Buarque ("Retrato em Branco e Preto"/A Portrait in Black and White, written with Tom Jobim), Caetano Veloso ("Sam a"/nickname for Sao Paulo), and Gilberto Gil ("Eu im da Bahia"/I Come From Bahia). The latter three, ong with MPB superstars like Gal Costa, Djavan, Morae Moreira, and Joao Bosco, regard him as their inspir ion and master, as do several generations of comp sers and performers around the globe. A amous recluse, Joao Gilberto is the subject of many idely circulating stories and anecdotes. Some of 45
the most endearing concern cats, whom he adores. One day in 1960, he was in the recording studio when his wife Astrud phoned to say that their cat Gato (Cat) fell out ofthe window. Joao rushed home in a taxi and took the cat to the vet, but it died on the way. While he was gone, the studio musicians invented the story that the cat committed suicide after hearing Joao rehearse the song "0 Pato" (The Duck) one time too many. Another cat story marks the end of the marriage. In the summer of 1963, Joao, along with his alter-ego and pianist Joao Donato, bassist Tido Neto, and drummer Milton Banana traveled to Italy for an engagement. Astrud was with them in Rome, but by the time they've reached Viareggio, in Southern Italy, she was gone, replaced by a female cat called Romaninha that Jodo had found in Rome. A third cat story concerning Joao in Rome was told by Massimo Berdini, an Italian producer: "One day, on leaving a restaurant, he spent a long time conversing with a street cat. And the most surprising thing was that the cat was hypnotized by his language. In the face of my astonishment, he explained himself saying that the cat could hear in the same mode as he did." Moraes Moreira, leader ofthe group Novos Baianos, told the following two stories during a show (on the CD Acastico, Virgin Brasil, 1995). Before singing "Misterio do Planeta" (Mystery of the Planet): "It's impossible to sing this song without remembering Joao Gilberto and his presence in my life and the life of Novos Baianos. When he came to our apartment in Botafogo, he arrived at midnight. He started to sing with us and left at eight in the morning, after a marvelous breakfast. He came back the next day at midnight, and we sang all night long." Before singing "La Vem o Brasil Descendo a Ladeira" (There Goes Brazil Descending the Hill): "Another time Joao Gilberto is present in my life. We were in Rio de Janeiro at dawn—Joao adores the night, doesn't he?—and on one of those marvelous hills of Rio, Joao saw a mulata coming down in the morning with full energy, with full swing, ready for life. He looked and said, 'Look there, look at Brazil coming down the hill.' That's how this song was born." Caetano Veloso told a French magazine, "To give you an idea, sometimes he decides, just for fun, to imitate people. He imitates the way of walking, the way of talking, of anyone. When he feels like it, he even imitates Fred Astaire." Caetano's sister, singing star Maria Bethania, says Joao Gilberto "simply is music. He plays. He sings. Without stopping. Day and night. He is very, very strange. But he is the most fascinating being, the most fascinating person, that I have encountered on the surface of the earth. Joao, he is mystery. He hypnotizes." An excellent place to conclude this piece.
A Few Song Lyrics (English translations were adapted from Jason Brazile's and Arto Lindsay's versions) Desafinado
Out of Tune
(AntOnio Carlos Jobim and Newton Mendonca) Se voce disser que Eu desafino, amor Saiba que isso em mim Provoca imensa dor S6 privilegiados tem ouvido Igual ao seu Eu possuo apenas 0 que Deus me deu Se voce insiste em classificar Meu comportamento de antimusical Eu mesmo mentindo Devo argumentar Que isto é bossa nova Que isto é muito natural 0 que voce nao sabe Nem sequer pressente que as desafinados Tambem tern urn coracao Fotografei voce Na minha Rolleyflex Revelou-se a sua Enorme ingratidao S6 nao podera falar Assim do tneu amor Este e o maior Que voce pode encontrar Voce com a sua musica Esqueceu o principal E que no peito Dos desafinados No fundo do peito Bate calado Que no peito Dos desafinados Tambem bate urn coracao
If you say that I'm out of tune, love Know that this Provokes immense pain in me. Only the privileged have a hearing Equal to yours, I possess only What God has given me. If you insist on classifying My behavior as anti-musical I myself, lying, Have to argue That this is bossa nova And it's very natural. What you don't know Or even suspect Is that those who are out of tune Also have a heart. I photographed you With my Rolleyflex. What developed was your Enormous ingratitude. Only you won't be able to speak Like this of my love; This is the best That you can find. You with your music Forgot the main thing Is that in the breast Of the out-of-tune, Deep within the breast, Beating quietly, That in the breast Of the out-of-tune There also beats a heart.
Recommended reading: Most of the biographical information in this article was extracted from the book (in Portuguese) Chega de Saudade, a Historia e as Historias da Bossa Nova by Ruy Castro (Companhia das Letras, Sao Paulo, 1990). The Joao Gilberto Discography, a Web site created by Laura McCarthy http://vvww.nic.corni--silkpurs/ Daniella Thompson is a writer, teacher, and preservationist living in Northern California. She can be reached at daniv@jps.net Su
min
BRAWL-MAY 1998
A Felicidade
Happiness
TO A WORLD
(Antonio Carlos Jobim and Vinicius de Moraes) Tristeza nao tern fim Felicidade sim A felicidade é como a pluma Que o vento vai levando pelo ar Voa tao leve Mos tern a vida breve Precisa que haja vento sem parar A felicidade do pobre parece A grande ilusao do carnaval A gente trabalha o ano inteiro Por um momento de sonho Pra fazer a fantasia De rei ou de pirata ou jardineira E tudo se acabar na quarta-feira A felicidade é como a gota De orvalho numa petala de for Brilha tranquila depois de leve oscila E cai como uma lagrima de amor A minha felicidade esta sonhando No,s olhos da minha namorada E como esta noite passando, passando Em busca da madrugada Falem baixo por favor Pra que ela acorde alegre como o dia Oferecendo beijos de amor A felicidade é uma coisa louca E tao delicada tambem Tern flores e amores de todas as cores Tern ninhos de passarinhos Tudo born ela tern Pois é por ela ser assim tao delicada Que eu trato dela sempre muito bem Chega de Saudade
Sadness has no end, Happiness does. Happiness is like a feather That the wind carries through the air It flies so lightly But has a brief life, It needs to have a wind that never stops. The happiness of a poor man is like The great illusion of Camaval; People work the whole year long For one moment's dream, To play the part of A king or a pirate or a gardener, And everything ends on [Ash] Wednesday. Happiness is like a drop Of dew on a flower's petal, It shines peacefully then swings lightly And falls like a tear of love. My happiness is dreaming In the eyes of my girlfriend, It is like a night that passes by In search of the dawn. Speak quietly please, So she wakes as happy as the day, Offering kisses of love. Happiness is a crazy thing And so delicate, too; It has flowers and love of all colors, It has bird nests, It has everything nice. Because it's like this, so delicate, I always treat it very well. No More Longing
(Antonio Carlos Jobim and Vinicius de Moraes) Vai minha tristeza E diz a ela que Sem ela nao pode ser Diz-lhe numa prece Que ela regresse Porque eu nao posso mais sofrer Chega de saudade A realidade é que sem ela Nao ha pa nao ha beleza E so tristeza e a melancolia Que nao sai de mim Nao sai de mim Nao sai Mas se ela volta Se ela volta Que coisa linda Que coisa louca Pois ha menos peixinhos A nadar no mar Do que os beijinhos Que eu darei na sua boca Dentro dos meus bravos os abracos Hao de ser milhOes de abracos Apertado assim, colado assim, colada assim, Abracos e beijinhos e carinhos Sem ter fim Que é pra acabar corn esse negOcio De viver longe de mim Nao quero mais esse neg6cio De voce viver assim Vamos deixar desse neg6cio De voce viver sem mim BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
MaJovidro RECC/Ftra5
Ulisses Rocha OLEQUE
(CHILD)
— WITH HIS VERY PERSONAL STYLE OF PLAYING, ULISSES IS FORGING A NEW SCHOOL OF GUITAR IN BRAZIL. —MANTIQUEIRA
Rick Udler Er Maria Alvim RHYTHM & ROMANCE SIMPLE AND OFTEN UNDERSTATED, RHYTHM & ROMANCE CAPTURES, AND THEN RECREATES, THE BEST OF THE BRAZILIAN SOUND... —JAZZIE
Juarez Moreira Go, my sadness And tell her that Without her it cannot be. Tell her in a prayer To return to me, For I can't suffer anymore. No more longing, The truth is that without her There'snopeace,there'snobeauty, There's only sadness and melancholy, That doesn't leave me, Doesn't leave me, Doesn't leave, But if she returns, If she returns, What a beautiful thing What a crazy thing, For there are fewer fishes Swimming in the sea Than the kisses That I'll plant on her mouth, In my arms the embraces, There'll have to be millions of embraces, Tight like this, me stuck like this, she stuck like this, Embraces and kisses and caresses Without end. It's time to end that business Of living away from me, I no longer want that business Of your living like this, Let's stop this business Of your living without me.
Bom DIA (GOOD MORNING) — Rom DIA IS AN UNCOMMON CD. IT IS MUSIC AND ART, IT IS MELODY AND IMPROVISATION, IT IS CREATION AND INSPIRATION.
—0
01.oso
TOLL FREE) Listening Line J.-800-455-8088 —CALL TO HEAR SELECTED TRACKS 0 .ELEASES OR VISIT OUR WEBSITE
upcomtiwg releases
47
Plays RIO cas (Heavens)—Comedy. How youngster from the 90s see life, death and love. Written by Patricia Lopes and directed by Evandro Mesquita with Patricia Lopes and Daniela Fortes. Teatro Rubens Correa. Clarice - Coraccio Selvagem (Clarice, Wild Heart)—A documentary-like story on writer Clarice Lispector's life and work. Written and directed by Maria Lucya de Lima with Aracy Balabanian, Marcelo Escorel, and LauraArantes. Teatro da Casa da Gavea. Mar Negro (Black Sea)—Drama. How hard is for men to understand women's thoughts and desires. Directed by Alexandre Mello with Ana Luiza Cunha. Based on French author Marguerite Duras. Teatro da Cidade. Os Misterios do Sexo (The Mysteries of Sex)—Comedy. The funny conflicts of a mother raising a son as a girl. Directed by Luis Carlos Nino with Ilya Nino and Fabio Massimo. Teatro Sesc de Copacabana. Paixoes (Passions)—Drama. Adaptation of love stories by Brazil's greatest writer, Machado de Assis. Directed by Sidney Cruz with Carlos Emilio and Loly Nunes. Teatro do Museu da RepUblica. Somos lrmds (We're Sisters)—Musical. The life story of legendary singing sisters Linda and Dircinha Batista. Written by Sandra Louzada, directed Ney Matogrosso and Cininha de Paula. Suely Franco and Nicette Bruno Jar. Teatro 1 do CCBB.
SAO PAULO Cabaret Brazil—Musical. A black family survives in the '50s owning a cabaret. Written and directed by Wolf Maia and Cininha de Paula. With Danielle Winits, Adriana Garambone, and Rosa Marya Colin. Teatro Studium. Deus (God)—Comedy. In the old Greece, playwright Themistocles and actor Pericles search for a good ending for the tragedy they are rehearsing. Written by Woody Allen. Directed by Mauro Mendonca Filho with Amir Haddad and Murilo Benicio. Teatro Hilton. Didrio de um Louco (Diary of a Crazy Man)—Monologue by Nikolai Gogol. A solitary and distressed man has his old notebook as his only companion. Directed by Marcus Alvisi with Diogo Vilela. Teatro Cultura Artistica. Toda Nudez Serd Castigada (All Nudity Will Be Punished)—Tragedy. Nelson Rodrigues's masterpiece about a prostitute who marries a widower and goes live with his family. Directed by Moacyr Goes with Marilia Pera, Walter Breda, Andre Valli, and Leon Goes. Teatro Alfa Real. 48
Movies American films just released: 1 Know What You Did Last Summer (Eu Sei o que Voces Fizeram no Verdo Passado), Fallen (Possuidos), Jackie Brown (Jackie Brown), The Man in the Iron Mask (0 Homem da Mascara de Ferro), Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil (Meia-Noite no Jardim do Bern e do Mal), Oscar and Lucinda (Oscar e Lucinda), Red corner (Justica Vermelha), U.S. Marshals ( U.S. Marshals: Os Federais), Wag the dog (Mera Coincidencia) Bocage, o Triunfo do Amor (Bocage, the Triumph of Love)—Brazil-Portugal/ 1996—By Djalma Limongi Batista. With Victor Wagner, Francisco Farinelli, and Vietia Rocha. Sonnets and erotic poems of Portuguese author Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage (1765-1805) are set to film with images from Brazil and Portugal. Central do Brasil (Central Station)—Brazi1/1998—By Walter Salles. Drama with Fernanda Montenegro, Vinicius de Oliveira and Marilia Pera. Unscrupulous Dora changes her life when she decides to go looking for the father of a boy who loses his mother. Como Ser Solteiro (How to Be a Single Man)—Brazil/1997—By Rosane Svartman. With Rosana Garcia, Ernesto Piccolo, Heitor Martinez Mello, and Marcos Palmeira. Comedy. Four interconnected stories happening in Rio de Janeiro. For Ever Mozart (Para Sempre Mozart)— France-Switzerland/1996—By Jean-Luc Godard. With Madeleine Assas, Ghalia Lacroix and Berangere Allaux. Four films in one. A director has a problem with the actors when he starts the shooting. Shooting Fish (Atirando em Peixes)— England/1997—Comedy by Stefan Schwartz. Dylan and Jez have no modest dream. They want to save more than one million dollars to buy themselves a mansion. With Kathe Beckinsale, Dan Futteman and Stuart Townsend. The Full Monty (Ou Tudo ou Nada)— England/1996— by Peter Cattaneo with Robert Carlyle, William Snape, and Steve Hudson. Comedy. Out of work, a group of men start a strip-tease joint. Genealogies d'un Crime (Genealogias de urn Crime)—France/1996—By Raoul Ruiz. With Catherine Deneuve. Michel Piccoli, and Melvil Poupaud. Drama. A youngster is on trial for having killed his aunt who was a child psychoanalyst.
Junk Mail (Junk mail)—Norway/1996— By Pal Sletaune. With Robert Skjiirstad, Andrine Sther and Per Egil Aske. Sex, robbery, and murder in a story between a postman and a woman who forgets the house keys in her P.O. Box.
Books
best-sellers FICTION 1 Advogado do Diabo, Andrew Neiderman. Record, 304 p. R$25. 2 0 Plano Perfeito, Sidney Sheldon. Record, 300 p. R$25. 3 A Senhora de Avalon, Marion Zimmer Bradley. Rocco, 504 p. R$28. 4 0 Mundo de Sofia, Jostein Gaarder. Companhia das Letras, 555 p. R$26,50. 5 0 Jan, John Grisham. Rocco, 504 p. R$28. 6 A Aguia e a Galinha, Leonardo Boff. Vozes, 206 p. R$16. 7 Cada Urn Por Si - Titanic, Beryl Bainbridge. Companhia das Letras, 226 p.. R$19. 8 0 Enigma de Andromeda, Michael Crichton. Rocco, 308 p. R$28. 9 0 Feitico da Ilha do Pavdo, Joao Ubaldo Ribeiro. Nova Fronteira 324 p. R$24. 10 Todos os Nomes, Jose Saramago. Companhia das Letras, 280 p. R$20.
NONFICTION I Leonardo Dicaprio - 0 Romeu Modern°, Grace Catalano. Manoel, 120 p. R$8. 2 0 Lado Negro de Camelot, Seymour Hersh. L&PM, 510 p. R$29. 3 As Melhores Piadas do Planeta e da Casseta, Casseta e Planeta. Objetiva, 128 p. R$10. 4 No Ar Rarefeito, Jon Krakauer. Companhia das L,etras, 280 p. R$23. 5 0 Sucesso E Ser Feliz, Roberto Shinyashiki. Gcnte, 198 p. R$20. 6 As Sete Leis Espirituais do Sucesso, Deepak Chopra. Best Seller, 104 p. R$13,50. 7 A Longevidade do Cerebro, Dharma Sing Khalsa. Objetiva, 464 p. R$29. 8 Inteligencia Emocional, Daniel Goleman. Objetiva, 376 p. R$34,50. 9 Con versando corn os Espiritos, James Van Praagh. Salamandra, 224 p. R$19,50. 10 Nova York E Aqui, Nelson Motta. Objetiva, 218 p. R$21,80.
CHILDREN I Violetas na Janela, Vera Liicia M. de Carvalho. Petit, 139 p. R$9,50. 2 0 Homem Que Calculava, Malba Tahan. Record, 218 p. R$19. 3 0 Livro das Virtudes Para Criancas, William J. Bennett. Nova Fronteira, 112 p. R$19. 4 0 Pequeno Principe, Antoine SaintExupery. Agir, 92 p. R$13. 5 Uma Professora Muito Maluquinha, Ziraldo. Melhoramentos, 124 p. R$10,50.
According to Jornal do Brasil BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
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E-mail: aroundtw@inetvvorld.net
LOS ANGELES TO SAO PAULO a partir de $
525 Ida e volta
(Sujeito a restricOes ou mudancas sem aviso previo)
SAO PAULO To LOS ANGELES a partir de $798
ida e volta
(Sujeito a restricoes ou mudancas sem aviso previo)
SF TO BELO HORIZONTE a partir de
$587
Ida e volta
(Sujeito a restricOes ou mudancas sem aviso previo)
LAX TO BELO HORIZONTE OR SALVADOR a partd de
NUNCA 101 TAO FACIL VIAJAR
$540 Ida e volta
(Sujeito a restricoes ou mudangas sem aviso previo)
RIO TO LOS ANGELES
EXISTEM MUITAS AGENCIAS DE VIAGEM PARA VOCE ESCOLHER, E A ESCOLHA FINAL E SEMPRE SUL POREM NOS DE A CHANCE DE MOSTRAR.LHE QUE, COM 0 JEITINHO BRASILEIROL_ VOCE VAI PODER VIAJAR SEMPRE POR MENOS!
EXCLUSIVO! GRATIS - LIGA00 DE QUALQUER CIDADE BRASILEIRA
000-817-471-6333 NAO TEMOS A P,RETENSA0 DE SER A AGENCIA NUMERO 1. pOREM E TAMOS CERTOS QUE APOS VOCES S VIAJAREM COM 0 JEITINHO BRASILEIRO SEREMOS SERRE A SUAAGENCIA NUMERO 1. ASSENTOS LIMITADOS. SUJEITO A RESTRIcOES
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a"'" $586 ida e volta (Sujeito a restricOes ou mudancas sem aviso previo)
NYC TO RIO OR SAO PAULO a partir de $
470 ida e volta
(Sujeito a restricOes ou mudancas sem aviso previo)
MIAMI To RIO OR SAO PAULO
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LOS ANGELES TO RIO
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SF TO SAO PAULO a partir de
$586 ida e volta
(Sujeito a restricOes ou mudancas sem aviso previo) 49
TABLETS BRAZILIAN
BRAZILIAN FLAG PATCH Embroidered, 2V4' x A' (5.7cm x 8.9cm) sew-on, $4 ea., S&H incl.
SUMMER FESTIVAL '98
Caps & T Shirts $15 ea., S&Hincl. Specify S. M, L
LOOKING FOR PEOPLE INTERESTED IN EXPOSING/SELLING
AGDEX Box 262087, Houston, TX, 77207
BRAZILIAN RELATED ITEMS.
(818) 566-1111
Telephone 713-847-6693. 281-250-1451 e-mail agdex@tlash.net http://ww...flash..nett-agdex Brasil Pentacampeao in France '98!
TICKETS PARA 0 BRASIL CHEAP I' BARATOS
1-800-643-3910 TUDO LEGAL
USA
AXE Wuzizitian,
"enzenvede,
We bring you infectious energy, a driving rhythm., and the most innovative Brazilian Instrumental music
(310) 839-3788
1ANIA IMBERKORN, MA.
PSICOTERAPEUTA BRASiLEIRA
O FASE DE TRANSIcAO? NAO SABE SE VA! OU FICA? o DEPRESSAO? o PROBLEMAS DE RELACIONAMENTO
cc in
Portuguese ,t General & -Computer
(561)391-1057
cc
BRAZIL 'lir
!IA NSW101
MAN FORMES' INI BRAZILIAN WAY
Documents - Contracts - Proposals Interpreter Services Free estimates - Call today!
SUPERV BY EDISON OE MELLO PnD MFCC# 021323
Revolutionary method customized to your needs INDIVIDUAL OR SMALL GROUPS TOTAL IMMERSION
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IMMIGRATION ATIORNEY
STEVEN R. LAN DAAL • GREEN CARDS THROUGH MARRIAGE & FAMILY • EMPLOYMENT VISAS FREE INITIAL CONSULTATION MONTHLY PAYMENT HAN AVAILABLE
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Tel: (310) 395-2828 WHEREVER YOU ARE IN THIS GALAXY
erLED5
VOLUNTEERS FOR
PROOFREADING WRITING MAINTAINING MAILING LIST & EVERYTHING ELSE
FUN AND EFFICIENT
Tereza Braga (972) 437-0820 Dallas
7635 FALLBROOK AVE.
Mem or, Amman Immigration Lure/mai. otion
Brazilian CDs, Songbooks & Historical Recordings and more! http://www.brazmus.com or call 1 800 621-4199 360 468-3616
(310) 840-5380 IMF 30544
Brazilian Music Enterprises
Fax: (561) 391-2174 E-mail: CC 1-= bjmaglio@compuserve.com
ATA Accredited English-Portuguese Fast Turn-Around, Top Quality, Competitive Rates
CENTRO BRASILEIRO PARA,C1 TRATAMENTO DE VIOLENCIA DOMESTICA, DROGAS, ALCOPLISMO, DEPRESSAO, SAIDE MENTAL EM GERAL
WEST HILL, CA 91304
BME
BARBARA MAGLIO to a from
DP. JEFFERSON SA
213-255-8062 Call now:
(310) 371-2038
brazzil@brazzil.com
I] I WANT MORE INFORMATION ON ADVERTISING IN bt PLEASE SEND ME A MEDIA KIT. COWPANY: CONTACT: ADDRESS: CITY, ST, ZIP: PHONE, PRODUCT:
FX RETURN THIS FORM TO:
BRAZZIL - RO. BOX 42536 LOS ANGELES, CA 90050 L
Call (213)255-8062 or E-mail: brazzil@brazzil.com
For Ad, call (213) 255-8062 or E-mail: brazzil@brazzil.com 50
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
FEIRA LIVRE OPEN MARKET BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY
Brazilian Summer Festival '98 looking for people interested in exposing/selling Brazilian related items. (818)566-1111 [150] Inside sales agents needed, bilingual, Mon-Fri., L.A. Area. Call (213) 482-2323. Ask for Sergio.[150] International Company exporting to Brazil. High $ potential for individuals with contacts in Brazil. (805) 449-5507 [150] Make fast cash quickly! Call (414) 299-0598 Now! [149] US company expanding into Brazil. Seeking entrepreneurs for initial US start-up. Brazilian business connections a plus. To find out more call (800) 900-5423 [148]
handling. Over 130 authentic, quick and easy recipes. P.O. Box 30818- Seattle, WA 98103 -Tel/ Fax (206) 789-3693. [142] FOOD
Salgados - Coxinhas, Risoles, Croquete / Docinhos - Brigadeiro, Beijinho... Suzana (714) 666-2749 [153] HEALTH & FITNESS
Newest Technology in nutritional supplement delivery Spray Vitamins, 25-30 seconds in bloodstream, 90-96% absorption. Call (310) 452-1952 [148] MISCELLANEOUS
Brazilian Style: Hair Cut, Nails, Waxing. Call Sueli (310) 4538779 (Sta Monica) [146]
Work from your home anywhere in the USA or Canada. If you speak Portuguese and/or English call (510) 798-0711 [148]
Estude a Biblia por correspondencia na privacidade do seu lar. Inteiramente gratis. Envie seu endereco postal para: BCCI, Box 3841, Springfield, IL 627083841 [144]
Wildcrafted Health Food Product - Sales. Sky potential. (415) 759-9589 [148]
Tickets para o Brasil - Cheap / Baratos - 1 (800)643-3910. Tudo legal. [157]
CATERING
Music
Atencao, brasileiros: fazemos comidaparacongelar, salgadinhos, jantares, pequenos/grandesgmpos. Call Joy (562) 438-3415 [149]
Brazilian Music in its totality. Samba, bossa nova, chorinho, baiao, axe, and more. Merchant Express (954) 785-5991
CLASSES
NEWSPAPERS & MAGAZINES
Computer classes: Learn Word, Excel, Windows95, Internet, Email, and others. $25.00/hour. Customized PC computers (Check prices). Call Flavio (310) 301-2581 [148]
Jornais e revistas do Brasil. Recebemos jornais di arios e todas as principais rev istas, incluindo masculinas e femininas. Tel. (954) 785-5991
Conversational Brazilian Portuguese Method - "I tried several methods to learn BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE, but when I started lessons with NILSON, I knew immediately that I'd found the best one. And in just a few months, I was able to communicate on a one-on-one basis." Individual, Total Immersion, Corporate Group and Semi-Private. Phone (310) 379-0738 [148] Portuguese Courses in Salvador da Bahia, Dialog°, http:// www.brazilstudy.com, E-mail: dialogo brazilstudy.com, fax: 01155 7 336-6329 [155] COOKING
Delightful Brazilian Cooking by Eng Tie Ang, two for one sale $14.95, plus $5 shipping and BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Used Brazilian adult magazines Playboy, Ele Ela... on sale for just US$5 each plus $3 for postage each. Also available Hong Kong Playboy and Penthouse (used). Mail check to Tenko U.S.A., P. 0. Box 1096 Temple City, CA, 91780 or call (626) 299-1176 [146]
FEI RA LIVRE RATES: 500 a word. Phone is one word. DISCOUNTS: For 3 times deduct 5%, for 6 times deduct 10%, for 12 times deduct 15%. POLICY: All ads to be prepaid. Ads are accepted at our discretion. Your canceled check is your receipt. Please, include address and phone number, which will be kept confidential. DEADLINE: The 25th of the month. Late material will be held for the following month if appropriate. TO PLACE AD: Send ad with check, money order or your Credit Card number (plus your name and expiration date) to: BRAZZIL P.O. Box 42536 Los Angeles, CA 90050-0536. Single Brazilian Women. Men worldwide desire to correspond with you for friendship/marriage. No Fee. Send color photo and profile to SOTB, P. 0. 274123, Tampa, FL 33688,call (813) 932-3805 or e-mail: davesotb@sotb.com - http:// www.sotb.com [151]
Friendship/Marriage/Correspondence. Men, ladies, worldwide. Large information packet $2 (no inmates). Ladies in Brazil, about 80 names, addresses (no pictures) $12. Agarwal, Box 10020, Glendale, CA 91209 [149]
PERSONAL
Chronic & Life Threatening illnesses, A.D.D. & dyslexia, life transitions, bicultural & relationship issues, sexual identity conflict — Edison de Mello, M.D.; Ph.D./MFCC — Portuguese/ Spanish/ English. (310) 656-6987 [137]
MAN SEEKS WOMAN
American, male, white, 45 years old, would like to meet a Brazilian or Portuguese lady. I speak English only. Age open. Call (415) 757-1946 (Eves) [142] Americano, 36, atraente, romantic° e sincerD. Procura brasileira 18-45. Enviar foto para: 2440- 16th St. #179, San Francisco, CA 94103 [148] Seeking ladies 18-45 years old to correspond with American men for friendship and companionship. FREE for all ladies. Write: TigerLilies, 709 Lookout Dr., Suite 5206, Garland TX 75044 USA [160] PERSONAL
Emotional & psychological help - Elizabete Almeida MFCC licensed psychotherapist. English/Portuguese. Reasonable rates. (310) 281-7536. [158]] RENTAL
VACATION IN BRAZIL - Beat Hotel prices! Rent a condo in one of Rio's best areas. Pool, sauna, 2bdrm, suite, air, furnished, phone, security (510) 236-3684 [144]
MAN SEEKS MAN
TAX
Westerner, 38, liv g in Hong Kong, 5'10", 160 1 • s, athletic, banker, wants to m et Brazilian males visiting Hon Kong for sex or relationship. refer 30 and up, tall, not thin, w 11 endowed. E-mail tfontana@ otmail.com [149]
A TTT Services - Tax & Translation & Travel and Notary (909) 627-2171 [146]
PERSONAL WOMAN SEEKS MAN
PERSONAL
Americana corn coraclo brasileiro, bem educada, que adora a musica, o samba, a cultura, a linguae o povo brasileiros, queria conhecer urn brasileiro solteiro de 40 anos ou mais, em boa forma, morando em New York City ou pertinho. Messages to E-mail: sylvia2125rcli,aol.com [130]
FRIENDSHIP/MA RRIAGE
brazzil-ADS (213) 255-8062
PSYCHOTHERAPY
Gostaria de corre ponder-me corn brasileiros (as), latinos (as), ou americanos (as) que falem portugues. Apena amizade. Tenho 18 anos. Lu iene Pinto, Rua Leonardo da Vi ce, No. 13, Senador Camara, RI • de Janeiro, CEP: 21831-100 Brazil. [152]
TRANSLATION & INTERP.
Dia logo Translates from and to Brazilian Portuguese: http:// www.hrazilstudy.com [155] Translation Services (Servicos de Traducao) from/to English/ Portuguese (415)457-3103 [153] TRAVEL
Touristic services in Salvador da Bahia: Dialog°, http:// www.brazilstudy.com [155] brazzil-ADS (213) 255-8062 51
Boston Area Books Livraria Plenitude (800) 532-5809 Consulate Consulado do Brasil (617) 617-542-4000 Dentist SyIvio P. Lessa (617) 924-1882 Food & Products Brasil Brasil (617) 561-6094 Jerry's Cachaca (617) 666-5410 Instruction Approach Student Ctr (617) 787-5401 Braz. & Amer. Lg. Inst. (617) 787-7716 Publications The Brazilian Monthly (617) 566-3651 Bossa: Braz. Jazz Guide (617) 262-9997 Restaurants Café Brazil (617) 789-5980 I panema (508) 460-6144 Tropicilia (617) 567-4422 Pampas Churrascaria (617) 661-6613
Chicago Consulate Consulado G. do Brasil (312) 464-0244 Translations Portuguese Lang. Ctr. (312) 276-6683
Los Angeles Airlines Varig (800) GO VAR1G Vasp (310) 364-0160 Arts & Cra s Bakari Art Studio (213) 938-0523 Folk Creations (310) 693-2844 Culture Planet (310) 441-9808 Zebi Designs (310) 391-6530 Auto Repair Cosmo Auto Parts (213) 259-9818 Banks Banco do Brasil (213) 688-2996 Catering Joy's Catering (562) 438-3415 Clothes Samba Collection (562) 437-1939 Summer Brazil (310) 455-1772 Clubs & Associations Brazil-Cal. Chbr of Com. (310) 665-0166 Brazilian Sociocult. C. (310) 370-0929 Centro Cultural Gaucho (213) 256-6548 MILA - Samba School (310) 391-6098 52
Mov. Social Humanista (310) 281-6652 SambaLi -Esc. de Samba (562) 437-1939 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (213) 651-2664 Dentists Gilberto Henriques (213) 464-0524 Events Promotion Brazilian Nites Prod. (818) 566-1111 Pegasus - Parties & Ent. (818) 549-0383 Sayegh Promotions (800) 507-3653 Food & Products Cachaca Pitu (714) 731-7788 Health & Fitness Westside Acupuncture (310) 914-1624 Instruction Brasil Brasil Cult. Ctr (310) 397-3667 Modern Lang. Center (310) 839-8427 Internet & Art Design ArtMedia (310) 826-1443 Legal Services Meiojas & Ferraz (310) 360-0901 Loans Finance Plus Mort. Corp. (310) 585-8911 Matchmaker Fogo e Paixao (310) 450-4586 Music Braz. Jazz /All Occasions (310) 839-3788 Jazz - Richard Samuels (818) 798-5424 Physician Paulo Coharte (310) 285-9670 Decio Rangel (310) 828-7454 Ingrid Rodi - Gynec. (310) 451-8144 Nilson A. Santos (213) 483-3430 Psychother/Counsel. Elizabeth Almeida, M.A. (310) 281-7536 Dr. Jefferson Si (818) 592-0402 Tania Haberkorn, M.A. (310) 840-5380 Publications Brazzil (213) 255-8062 Real Estate Cent. 21 - Vlad. Bellemo (714) 406-0121 Cent. 21 - Solon Pereira (562) 924-9633 Restaurants & Cafés Bossa Nova (310) 657-5070 Brazilian Tropical (714) 720-1522 By Brazil (310) 787-7520 Café Brasil (310) 837-8957 Ginga Brasil (714) 778-0266 Itana Bahia (310) 657-6306 Voile's Brazilian Steak (714) 251-0722 Zabumba (310) 841-6525 Translation/Interp. Brazilian Int. Affairs
(310) 854-5881 Tocantins Communic. (818) 248-3667 Travel/Tours Around the World Tn. (800) 471-6333 Brazil Air (800) 441-8515 Brazil Tours (818) 767-1200 Cheviot Hills Travel (310) 202-6264 Traveland (800) 321-6336 TV Brazil TV & Production (562) 437-6404
Miami Airlines Transbrasil (800) 872-3153 Varig (800) 468-2744 Vasp (800) 732-8277 Banks Banco do Brasil (305) 358-3586 Banco Nacional (305) 372-0100 Banco Real (305) 358-2433 Banespa (305) 358-9167 Clubs & Associations ABFC - As. Bras. da nor. (407) 354-5200 Cam. Corn. Brasil- EUA (305) 579-9030 ARARA - Amazon. As. (813) 842-3161 Consulate Consulado do Brasil (305) 285-6200 Dentists Arnaldo Souza (305) 595-3238 Hedimo de Si (305) 262-8212 Food & Beverages All Braz. Imp. & Exp. (305) 523-8134 Brazil by Mail (954) 472-7163 Guarani Esteves (305) 345-1540 Vanya's Sweets (954) 785-0087 Via Brasil (305) 866-7718 Physicians Dr. Jorge Macedo (305) 271-7311 Dr. Mario Sanches (305) 541-7819 Dr. Neri Franzon (305) 776-1412 Publications Florida Review (305) 374-5235 Real Estate Simone Bethencourt (954) 704-1211 Restaurants Boteco (954) 566-3190 Brazilian Tropicana (954) 781-1113 Porcio (305) 373-2777 Steak Masters (305) 567-1718 Travel Agencies Brazilian Wave (305) 561-3788 Discover Brazil Tours (800) 524-3666 Euroamerica
(305) 358-3003 International Tours (800) 822-1318 Luma Travel (305) 374-8635 Monark Travel (305) 374-5855 New Port Tours (305) 372-5007 Venture Travel (305) 379-7678 Via Brasil Travel (305) 866-7580
New York N. Jersey Books Luso-Brazilian Books (800) 727-LUSO Clubs & Associations Brazilian Ch. of Com. (212) 575-9030 Brazilian Corn. Bureau (212) 916-3200 Brazilian Trade Bur. (212) 224-6280 Consulate Brazilian Gen. Cons. (212) 757-3080 Food & Products Amazonia (718) 204-1521 Coisa Nossa (201) 578-2675 Merchant Express (201) 589-5884 Publications The Brasilians (212) 382-1630 Brazilian Voice (201) 955-1137 OCA Magazine (516) 596-1853 Portugal-Brasil News (212) 228-2958 Samba Newsletter (718) 937-0574 Restaurants Brasilia (212) 869-9200 Brazil 2000 (212) 877-7730 Brazilian Pavillion (212) 758-8129 Cabana Carioca (212) 581-8088 Indigo Blues (212) 221-0033 S.O.B. (212) 243-4940 Tapajos River (201) 491-9196 Travel Agencies Barb Tour Service (201) 313-0996 Odyssea Travel Service (212) 826-3019
San Diego Auto Car Mania Auto Repair (619) 223-7748 Clubs & Associations Clube Bras. San Diego (619) 295-0842 Sunday Night Cl. Brazil (619) 233-5979 Import/Export Brazil Imports (619) 234-3401 Money Remittance Vigo-California (619) 479-V1GO
an Francisco
Airlines Varig (415) 986-5737 Vasp (800) 732-VAST' Attorney Manoel Faria (510) 537-3533 Ralph Baker (510) 444-8100 Auto Nelson Auto Body (415) 255-6717 Matts Auto Body (415) 565-3560 Beauty Salon Bibbo (415) 421-BLBO Carmen's International (415) 433-9441 Neyde's (415) 681-5355 Clubs & Associations B.A.S.O. (415) 661-2788 Bay Area Brasilian Club (415) 334-0106 Brazilian Cult. Movem. (510) 215-2658 Computer Micronet (415) 665-1994 Consulate Brazilian Consulate (415) 981-8170 Dance Instruction Aquarela (510) 548-1310 Birds of Paradise (510) 863-3651 Brazil Culture & Arts (510) 215-8202 Ginga Brasil (510) 428-0698 Escola Nova de Samba (415) 661-4798 Samba do Coracao (415) 826-2588 Samba, Swing & Suor (415) 282-7378 Dental Care Roberto Sales, DDS (510) 451-8315 Events Promotion F. B. C. Events (415) 334-0106 Nativa Productions (408) 287-9798 Food Brazilian Coffee Dist. (415) 648-5966 California Produce (415) 586-6200 HGC Imp. Wholesale (408) 947-8511 Instruction Portuguese - A. Frame (510) 339-9289 Portuguese Lang. Serv. (415) 587-4990 Money Remittance Vigo (415) 863-0218 West Brazil (415) 695-9258 Music Celia Malheiros (415) 738-2434 Damien's Intercimbio (415) 595-2274 Fogo na Roupa (510) 464-5999 Marcos Silva (510) 945-0138 Terra Sul (415) 752-9782
Viva Brazil (415) 342-8508 Voz do Brazil (415) 586-2276 Musical Instruments Tamborim & Samba (415) 871-2201 Physician Dr. Guilherme Salgado (415) 832-6219 Printing M. C. Printing (510) 268-8967 Publications Brazil Today (510) 526-1115 Brazzi I (415) 587-4990 Restaur./Night Clubs Bahia Cabana (415) 861-4202 Balboa Braz. Rest. (415) 387-1118 Cafe Mardi Gras (415) 864-6788 Canto do Brasil (415) 626-8727 JoOo's Restaurant (408) 244-1299 Little Rio (415) 441-3344 Michelangelo Café (415) 986-4058 Mozzarela Di-Bufala (415) 346-9888 Nino's (510) 845-9303 Porto Brasil (510) 526-1500 Stelladoro (415) 928-2662 Translation Port. Lang. Services (415) 587-4990 Travel Agencies Paulo's Travel (415) 863-2717 Rio Roma (415) 921-3353 Santini Tours (510) 843-2363 Travel Americas (415) 334-0404 Tropical Travel (510) 655-9904 Tucanos Travel (415) 454-9961
ashington DC Airlines Transbrasil (202) 775-9180 Varig (202) 331-8913 Vasp (202) 822-8277 Banks Banco do Brasil (202) 857-0320 Banco do Est. de S. Paulo (202) 682-1151 Clubs & Associations Braz. Am. Cult. Inst. (202) 362-8334 Inst. of Brazil. Business (202) 994-5205 Embassy Embaixada do Brasil (202) 238-2700 Restaurants Amazonia Grill (202) 537-0421 Travel Agencies Intern. Discount Travel (703) 750-0101 BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
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The late Carlos Lacerda, a journalist and former Governor ofGuanabara (Rio de Janeiro) State, noted that -Brazil is the only country in the world where practically every word is a cuss word- even mother." Is this true? What do the European Portuguese say about this defilement of the "Latium's flower," CamOes harmonious and sonorous language? It's said that one of the reasons why -Lawrence of Arabia" of history and legend ained such popularity among the Arabs was is ability to curse in Arabic for half-hour or more, without repeating himself Discussing this point with Brazilian friends, I never could arrive at a conclusion. What do you think, gentle reader? One of my friends, who shall remain anonymous, used to be in his salad days identified as being the foulestmouthed among his newsroom colleagues. About ten years ago, hired to work as a press officer and spokesman for news in Portuguese, he gave a demonstration of his abilities when, fed up with the "senseless obstruction" of a Navy officer promoted to Cerberus of an international conference, gave him a dirty piece of his mind in a shouting match. His point was that he could prove the legitimacy of his presence with an official letter of the organization, and his passport. These were the elements on which his formal I.D. was based, but the I.D. itself was inside, and the officer would not send for it, call anybody from the office, or allow my friend to pick it up himself The loud exchange caused everybody present to giggle, including female policewomen in uniform, who were not supposed to concur with such low-level attack on authority. Among the idlers present was a local reporter searching for something to write about on the eve of the economic meeting. So he wrote the story and called the perpetrator "El Viejito de la Puteada" (the little cussing old man). Seemingly, the story was widely read, making our thus identified friend famous for one day or two. He discovered that when he went to make an international call at the Phone Center. Instead of a long wait-there were scores of wou ldbe callers for half a dozen booths-the little old man was ushered into the first vacant cabin. Then, when he took a cab to go to his hotel, the fun-loving driver, engaged him in conversation and having talked at length with his fare, gave him a free ride: -Here, today, your fare is on me." Taking a young, attractive secretary to dinner in the ancient, de luxe, 5-star rated restaurant in the Old Town, and facing a halfhour wait, the viejito pulled his ace: "No table? Not even for the Viejito de la Puteada?" He and his ward got a table right away, and in a good spot. The last, but not least blessing was to discover, three days later, that his charm still held. Told that there was very little chance for getting onto a much-sought-for flight, he went to the airline manager and said the buzzword. He was rewarded with a bear hug from the man, and in exchange for his autograph, a window seat in the desired aircraft. Some of his terms are included in the following mini-glossary of vulgar and unconventional Brazilian words and expressions.
Contributions to a 9lossary of Brazilian "unconventional words" A Amancchado/a, m/f [joined together] — un-
5.4
wed but living together Amasiado/a, m/f- same as amancebado Amigado/a, m/f— same as amancebado Amigar, v [to make friends] — to shack up
How to Cuss in "Brazilian" All the dirty words.you knew existed, but didn t know where to find. Holc your horses. Don't tell you haven't been warned. You are entering real-life territory. These are words that Americans and Brazilians use in their everyday conversation, but that most dictionaries and the so-called family press can never find space to print them. This is not an article for polite company. If you don't want to get burned please keep off the locker room, the ladies room, the bedroom, the kitchen and of these next few lines. TETSUO BEROZU
Babaca, f/m — cunt, stupid person Bagos, m. plural [grapes] — balls; berries; bucks; drops of sweat Balls, f. plural [balls] — testicles Barca da Cantareira, f [Rio's bay feny] — bisexual Barraco, m — a riot, an ugly scene Bicha, m [worm, line] — gay, fag Bode, m [he-goat] — oversexed man Bolha, m [bubble] —extra insufferable person Bosta, f [shit] — excrement; cheap thing; botched job; disappointment; gizmo Bouche, m [mouthful] — fellatio; oral sex on male Brocha, f [brush] — impotent man Brochar, v — fail to have a hard-on Boceta, buceta, f [box] — vulva, cunt Boiola, m — gay, homosexual man Buco, m— lip fuzz, down; incipient pubic hair Bruto, m (brute) the male sex organ Bunda, f— ass; asshole; cheap item ("Ele me deu uma gravata bunda" = He gave me a cheap tie) bunda, levar na, v — to be sodomized bunda, Or no, v — to sodomize bunda, tomar na, v — to be sodomized Bundudo/a, m/f— person with a big derriere Buraco, m — hole (cunt, anus, etc) Caceta, f —the penis. (a strange psychological phenomenon to attribute to the penis the female gender) Cacete, m— (a stick, a club)— the penis. See previous entry. Cabaco, m [cherry] — hymen, virginity cabaco, tirar o — to ravish Cagada, f— a failure, a bad job, a disaster CO casamento de Pat foi uma cagada" = Pat's marriage was a disaster) Cagado/a, adj —shined on; smeared with shit; humiliated Cagar, v [to shit] —to defecate; to botch a job; to do badly Caralhal, adj — very good; excellent ("Foi uma festa caralhal" = It was a great party) Caralho, m [penis] — dick, prick Also used as an expletive ("Caralho, bati o cam- = Oh, fuck, I crashed the car Casa, f [house] — in expressions such as -na casa do caralho" casa do catso" = in a remote place; brothel Caramba! Expletive—used when -caralho" is thought to be too strong. Also used in the expression "pra caramba!" "pra caralho" = a great deal, much too much Catso, m — penis, cock. Used in questions such as: "0 que é este catso?" = What the shit is this? "Para que serve este catso?" = What the hell is this good for?" Chatear, v — to annoy, to hassle Chato, m [flat] — pubic louse, crab Chato/a, m/f -annoying, importune, insufferable person — adj. — boring, soporific; annoying Chico, m [a nickname for Francisco] — menstruation (-Alva esta com o chico = Alva is menstruated) Chico in the expression: -ate o chico vir debaixo" = for a long time Chifre, m [horn] — what a cuckold is supposed to sport Chifrudo/a, m/f— a cuckold man/woman
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
Choto, m — same as caralho, pica Chupada, f [a sucking] — to suck lips or a sex organ Chupar, v [to suck] — to practice oral sex Chuparinho, f [sucker] — addicted to cunnilingus Coco, m/f [coconut] — prostitute; bimbo Coc6, m — poo, shit (baby talk) coco, fazer, coil — to poo, to shit Coisa, f/m [thing] —sex organ — -Seu coisa= John Doe Coisinha, f [little thing] — vulva, pussy Corner, v [to eat] — to have sex with Comida, f/m [eaten] — easy woman; bimbo; prostitute (also applicable to males) Corrimento, m [flow] — flow of menses; clap secretion Cona, f [cunt] — vernacular terms Cricri, m/f— "the crab's crab-; greatly insufferable person Cripentolha, m/f — the very tops in insufferability Cu, m [anus] —asshole; an unpleasant person, site, event, or act cu, poi- no — see Bunda cu, tomar no — see Bunda Cucaracha, f [cockroach] — Spanish-American person Cu dame. coil [mother's ass] —an undefined place, anywhere ("Onde ponho isto? POe no cu da mae" = "Where do I put this. Put it in the mother's ass." Cu da perua, coil [the female turko's ass] — a very far place ("Em Brasilia, tudo fica no cu da perua" = In Brasilia everything is miles away) Culhao, m [testicle] — ball; courage, valor; chutzpah Culhoes, m plural [testicles] — in expressions signifying manliness, leadership, extreme courage. Even in sentences such as -Margarida é uma mulher de culhao/culhOes" = Margarida is a lady with balls. Also used negatively: "Esse calhorda nao tern culhoes" = This scoundrel's got no balls, no shame, no stand, no backbone Curra, f— a forcible group sex act (the victim may be either male or female) Currar, v — to commit -curra" Currada/o, f/m — the victim of a curra Dar, v [to give] — to yield to a sex call Deflorar, v [to deflower] — to take a female's virginity Descabacar, v — same as deflorar Enchedor de saco, coil [bag filled— a pain-inthe-ass person Encher, v [to fill] — to annoy; hassle; importune Enchimento, m [padding] — the action of "encher" (q.v.) Enrabar, v [to sodomize] — to have anal sex with; to destroy a person, a company, an entity financially/morally/ professionally Entesar, v [to stiffen] — to have a hard- on; to have "tesao" (q.v.); to reprimand someone; to tease endlessly Entrar em, v [to enter] — to penetrate sexually Entrar, v [to enter] — penetrate sexually Fazer, v [to make, to do] used in expressions such "fazer minette", -fazer pipi" -fazer coc6" etc. Sao Paulo streetwalkers use to entice customers with the call -yam' fazer nenem?" = Shall we make a baby? Fiofo, m — same as Bunda, Cu Foda, f [a fuck] — the sex act; intercourse; a problem ("Este garoto d uma foda" = This boy is a problem); bad
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
happening (-A viagem a Nova Iorque foi uma foda" = The trip to New York was a bust); bad premonition (-Se meu time perder foda '= If my team loses, it is a disaster Fodedor/a, m/f— a person with the reputation of a sexual athlete. Also somebody who teases a lot Foder, v [to fuck] — to have intercourse; to defeat ("Precisamos foder os cor-de-rosa" = We must defeat the Pinkies); to ruin (-0 patrao esta querendo foder a gente" = The boss is trying to fuck us) Foder-se, v [to fuck oneself] — practically the connotations as in English Fodido/a, m/f [fucked] — defeated, sick, depressed Fudido — same as Fodido Galinha, f [hen] — oversexed or promiscuous female (-Tomar por onde a galinha tome =To get it the way chickens do) Garanhao, m — stud Gilete, nn/f— bisexual Gonorreia, f— gonorrhea, clap gonorreia de gancho — hard to cure clap Gostosa, f [tasty] — sex pot Grelo, grelinho m [sprout, little sprout] clitoris, cut Machao, m — super stud; very macho Machona, f [virago] — lesbian -Mae, f [mother] — often used offensively to imply or attribute immoral actions to the mother of the person one is talking to a clumsy fellow; an awkward Mane, m lover. Manzapo, m — penis, dick, prick Marmita, f [marmite] — a train, subway, bus or streetcar patronized by many streetwalkers Marica, maricas, mff — effeminate, gay Mata, f [copse] — a thick pubic hair grow Merda, f/m [shit] — excrement, shit (-Fulano é urn merda" = So and so is a rotter) merda, vai a — piss off Merdoso/a, adj — shiny Mijar, v — to pee fora do pinico, mijar [to pee outside the pisspot] —to miss the target; to hit the wrong target; to say the wrong thing; to speak out of turn Minette, minete, m [cunnilingus] oral sex on female Mingau, m [goo, goop] — sperm 0 Ovos, m plural [eggs] — testicles
nothing but a good for nothing); undefined thing (-Que porra é essa?" = What the fuck is this?) Porra louca, coil [crazy sperm) — crazy, space cadet, loony Puta, f [whore] — prostitute. Also used in the sense of big or brutal "Ontem caiu uma puta chuva" = Yesterday we had a heavy rain puta, filho da [son of a whore] —son of a bitch. Also used as a term of praise or admiration: -0 Senhor Germano e um industrial filho da puta = Mr. Germano is a tremendous industrialist Putamerda, expl —0, big shit! Quenga, f— prostitute, low class whore Quermesse, f [charitable festival] — highclass group sex Rabo, m [tail] — derriere, butt Rameira, f — prostitute, whore Rap idinha, f — a quickie Rosquinha, f — a tight cunt Sacana, n/f — scoundrel, unreliable; given to sex deviations; immoral Sacanear, v — to tease maliciously; to importune Saco, m [bag] — scrotum saco, encher o — to harass, hassle saco, puxar o saco — to flatter obsequiously; to admire in excess; to brown nose; to praise in excess (in this sense the "bag- is the collection bag in church) Safado/a, m/f — smarty, shameless (a bit milder than sacana) Sapatao, tn/f [big shoe] — dyke, butch Sapatinha, f — a young lesbian or bisexual Semi-virgem, f [demi-virgin] —a female who doesn't do it all the way Siririca, f — female masturbation, fingerfucking Suruba, f — multiple sex party Tara, f— sex mania, sex obsession, sex deviation, psychological flaw Tarado/a, m/f - sex maniac; pedophile, addicted to kinky sex. Also excessively found of ("Sou tarado por manga = I am crazy for mango) May be applied to persons, animals, sports, hobbies, etc. Tarraqueta, f— cunt, anus Tesdo, mif — hard-on, excitement, attraction for. Also in expressions such as: -Nao tenho tesao para meu emprego = I don't particularly like my job; -Viagem notuma de 8nibus nao me dá tesao" = I have no pleasure in riding an overnight bus. Or: "Surfar em Ipanema é urn tesao so" = To surf in Ipanema is solid pleasure Transa, f— a sexual act Transar, v — to perform a sexual act Transinha, f — same as Rapidinha Trepada, f— a sexual act Trepar, v — to perform a sexual act. Note: neither transar nor trepar have the same dark negative meanings of foder (to fuck) Tric6 e croche, coil [knit and crochet] — to practice alternatively vaginal and anal sex in the same session
Paca, adv — [contraction for -pra caralho-]— very much, a great deal, much too much (-0 Silva ganhou dinheiro paca" = Silva made oodles of money) Paquete, m [monthly ship] — menses Pau, m [stick, wood] — penis, prick, dick pau, falar ao = to attract; to draw attention Pede, m — a pederast; a pedophile Pensao, f [boarding house] — brothel, whorehouse Peripatetica, f— street walker Pentelho, m— pubic hair, bush; extra insufferable person; -super chato" V Pica, f — penis, dick, wiener Vaca, f [cow] — whore, bitch ("Aquela vaca Pica or pissa, f— same as pica tomou toda minha grana" = "That bitch took Piroca, mff [bald] — same as pica Porra, rn/f— [club, truncheon) sperm; unwor- all my dough") Vai-vem coil [comes/goes] — in such senthy person; (-Tony nao passa de urn porra- = Tony is . tences as "Eles estavam fazendo vai-venf =
55
They were doing push-pull; "Nos dois estavamos num vai-vem ferrado"= The two of us were on a robust push-pull Veado, m [deer] -- usually pronounced and written Viado -- faggot, gay, homosexual man Vergonhas, f plural [shameful things] — the sex organs V inte e quatro [number 24] — same as Veado. It comes from the popular animal lottery in which the deer is represented by number 24 Vuco-vuco, m — disorder, disarray (A cama tinha virado urn vuco-vuco- = The bed turned into a battlefield
ROSE BY ANY OTHER NAME ONE THOUSAND AND ONE WAYS TO SAY THAT LITTLE DIRTY WORD AN US alvado, and, and de came, and de couro, apertante, apito. apolonio, amola, aro, as-decopas, assobieiro, berba, bile, biu-biu, boca de cacapa, boca de velha, bocal, boca murcha, boga, bomba, boreu, bosteiro, bostico, bostoque, 1)ot-do, botao-de-couro, botico, bozO, brioco, brioso, brizu, broa, brote, bubu, bufante, bugueiro, bumbum, bunda, bundoca, buraco, busanf a. butdo. butico, buzeco, buzigo, cabo, ca2ador, caixa, canal-dois, cano de escape, canto escuro, carimbo-do-icO, cego, ceguinho, centro do oiti, chambica, chicote, cibazol, cieba, cifra, couve, croaca, cu, cub, dentrol, derna, disco, distinto, edicetra, entrada de servico, farinheiro, fedegoso, federal, fedorento, feijoeiro. fel ipe. feof6, fevereiro, fiandeiro, fiango, fianta, ficha, figo, figueiredo, fim do espinhaco, finfa, fiO, fiofO, fiosque, fiota, fiote, fioto, flandre, flash-light, for roxa, foba, fobilario, fogareiro, fon-fon, fonoro, fopa, forfite, form i rOide, fosquete, fox, frande, franzido. frapa, frederico, freguesia do ico, frinfa, frivioco, fuero. fueiro, fufu, fundo, furico, furingo, furo, fute, fuzil, girassol, goiaba, greg6rio, heliodoro. holofote, idi, ilho, kubrick, lata, loja, 1016, lorto, lugar de sair vento, lugar onde o sol nao bate, lugar que ndo ye o sol, macio, meia-comoda, mosqueiro, mosquito, mucumbuco, nadegas, nespera, no, 6, oboscOpio, oiti, olho, olho-cego, olho-dagoiaba, olho de porco, olho de tras, olho do cu, olhota, orificio, oritimbo, paio, panela, paulo, peidante, pelado, pevide, pianculo, piscante, porta de serv i co, porvarino, pregas, pregueado, pretinho, puisto, q u ij i la, guineas, rabada, rade, rigoleto, redondo, roda, rodinha, rosa, rosca, roscofe, rosquete, rosquinha, roxinho, severino, sim-senho, soprador, subilatorio, substantivo, tareco, tarraqueta. tintureiro, tis, toba, tobi, toinho, traseiro, tripa-gaiteira, tubi, uma, vaso preto, vesUvio, viegas, v intern, XPTO, zebesquefe, ze bocO, ze-de-boga, ze-de-quinca, ze do broquinha, zeferino, zenObio, zero, zingueronio, zorobo BREASTS biteta, buzina, catoles, chucha, cuscuz, fonfon, laranjas, leiteria, limOes, lolos(big), maga, malacas, mamas. mamdo, mamulos, maturis, meld°, mochilas, muxibas, omato, pales de aciicar (big), peito, pitangas (small), poma,
56
pomos, prateleiras, pudins, recheios, seios, teta, tetes, travesseiros, ubres, xuxa BUTTOCKS amassador de sofa, aquele departamento, as duas irmds, as de copas, assento, atras, bagageiro, balaio, banjo, beiju, berradora, bife, bumbum, bunda, buzanfd, cachorro, cadeiras, cardan, carroceria, chocolateira, cola, cu, culatra, cuzumbu. ede (for gays), edi (for gays), face-dos-quartos, flaite, garupa, hemisfericas, hemisfericos, ilhos, jaba, jaca, jacutengo, jatoba, latifandio dorsal, landrias,lombo, lordo, lorto, mapa-rmindi, marmota, matacas, mucumbu, novelo, onde as costas perdem o nome, oriol, oritimbO, padaria, paises-baixos, panaro, pandeiro, pdo-doce, parreco, polpas, poltrona, popa, pop:), porta-malas, posterior, poupanca, pra-n6s, preferencianacional, quartos, quiosque, quo-vadis, rabada, rabadela, rabichola, rabiol a, rabiosque, rabiote, rabisteco, rabistel, rabisteque, rabo, rebembelas, relOgio, retaguarda, sedenho, sentate, sobressalente, taioba, tambor, traseiro, tunda, verso, xandangas, xavasca CLITORIS berbigdo, bola°, broto de feijdo, clitoris, espiacaminho. camardo, dedo-sem-unha, grelo, isqueiro, naba, pilha eletrica, pinguelo,tamatia CONDOM camisa-de-venus, camisinha, hOstia (among gays), preservativo COPULA anion corn anion se paga (69), aquilo naquilo, bacu, balance, banho na vara, bimbada, bitocada, black two (between funks), bolada no queixo, bom-com-coco, caibrada, caqueado, castical (woman on top, backwards), catatostdo (dog style), cavalinho (woman sits on man), caxanga, chicotada, chi nelada, chuncho, cravada, cipoada, cobertor de orelha, coisa feia, coqueirinho (with a pillow under woman). costura (anal and genital), crau, derrubada, escaldado de maraguaia, foda, foda no tomo (woman over man), fofadinha, fuque-fuque, furunfada, lenhada, lesco-lesco, martelada, matimbimba, metida, mexemexe, papai-emarnde, pemada, picada, picada, piciricada, picirico, picotada, pinada, pi ngo lada, pinocada, pirocada, pitocada, pombada, preacada, pregada, rala-rala, reiada. ripada, sanduiche (two men one woman). sarrafada, sarro, sueca (woman on top), surra de pica, tabacada, tacada, tesoura, tom°, trenzinho (group sex), trepacdo, trepada, trepatrepa, vadiacao COPULATE (TO) abrir as pemas, afogar a palhinha, afogar o bagre, afogar o ganso, afogar o gato, afogar o jegue, afogar o judas, amantilhar, amassar meloso, amassar o bombri I, amolar o can ivete, amolar o ferro, arriar o Oleo, assinar o ponto (with wife), balancar a roseira, barrunchar, bater manteiga (with an unclean prostitute), beliscar, bicar, bimbar, bombar, borrocar, botar, botar a facana bainha, botar canaparaengenho. botar o bagre de molho, botar o engenho pra moer, botar o ganso de molho, botar o mucu de molho, brincar, brincar de esconder peia. cachear, cargueijar, carimbar, carqueijar. catar lenha, chamar na grande, chamar nos alicates, chinchar, chinelar, chunchar, chupar bala sem tirar o papel (with condom), cobrir, coisar, corner, corner came de ovelha, corner came-
mijada, corner linguica, corner queijo quente (with unclean prostitute), corner pdo corn banha (with unclean prostitute), corner urn milho, cortar a bananeira, cravar, dar, curtir uma onda, dar banho na macaca, dar cabecada no ceu da boca. dar de leitinho, dar dentro, dar na cara do sapo, dar porra, dar urn tapa na boneca, dar uma, dar uma cambalhota, dar uma chinelada, dar uma cravada, dar uma de gabo (quickie), dar uma ferrada, dar uma foda, dar uma fofadinha, dar uma metidinha (quickie), dar uma no coqueirinho (standing), dar uma paulada, dar uma pelotada, dar uma sa, dar uma varada, dar umazinha, dar umatacada, dar uma totinh a, dar uma trepada, dar uma trumbicada, dar um pescocdo, deitar, derrubar, descarregar a bateria, desfolhar, desfolhar a margarida, dorm i r corn, emburacar, empernar, encacapar, encangar, encestar, enforcar o gato, enforcar o judas, engaiolar a passarin ha, engarrafar, engatar, enlocar, enrolar, entrar, entrar em vara, entregar-se, esconder a borracha, esfolar a piaca, esquentar a barriga, estar levinho, executar, faturar, fazer a totinha, fazer amor, fazer boneco, fazer barba-cabelo-bigode (total sex), fazer caridade, fazer choque-choque, fazer festinha, fazer foque-foque, fazer fuguefugue, fazer gluglu, fazer maquina, fazer matrimOnio, fazer men ino, fazer moleque, fazer nenem, fazer o bregueco, fazer urn lee, ferrar, foder, fofar, folgar, fufuquear, funi far, furunfar, in nas bimbas (partial penetration), in na sopa (with unclean prostitute), in nela, jantar, jogar corn duas bolas, jogar ovo na fritadeira, jogar pra cima, juntar terra ao 'De da bananeira, largar a chinela, levar fumo, levar pau, limpar o cavalo, mandar brasa, mandar um carvdo, marcar o ponto (with spouse), martelar, matar, matar a fome, matar o porco, meter, meter a caceta, meter a espada, meter o invertebrado, meter o ferro naboneca, meter o sarrafo, mexer em cumbuca de mulher, misturar as pemas, misturar os pelos, moer, molhar o bagre, molhar o bico na gordura, molhar o biscoito, molhar o carocho, molharo ganso, molhar o nabo, molhar o pavio, montar, mudar o Oleo, nicar, papar, partir para fox, passar a faca, passar a peia, passar na cara, passar nas armas, passar nas ostras, passar nos ferros, passar nos peitos, passar o cerol, passar o ferro, passar o fumo, passar o lapis, passar o pau, pegar mulher, perobar, picar, pimbar, pinar, pingolar, pirocar, piticar, plantar o ovo, plantar urn filho, procurar tatu, provar do bacalhau, quebrar, rosetar, saravar, sassarimbar, sentar na cenoura, sessenta-e-nove, soltar a franga, suar juntos, sub ir, fazer tac-tac. tam p ar, tirar agua do pow, tirar o atraso, tirar o queijo, tirar urn coco, tomar cha de pica, tracar. transar, trepar, trocar o Oleo, trombicar, trompar, trunfar, truquear, trutar, usar a mina, v ad i ar. varar, varrer a casa, xixar, xoxotar, zongar DEFECATE (TO) abaixar, al iviar-se, amarrar a gata, amarrar o gato, armar o laco, barrear, borrar, borrar-se, cagar, cursar, dar de corpo, dar de ventre, dar uma barrigada, defecar, descer nos pas, descomer, desi stir, despachar, digistir, estercar, estrangular a cobra, evacuar, exonerar, falar corn Miguel, fazer fum, fazer cocO, fazer necessidade, fazer obra, fozer o servico, fazer popO, fazer preci sac), fazer pupu, fazer servico, ir ao mato, ir ao Miguel, in aos pes, irpassar um telegrama, ir telegrafar, medir o chdo, obrar, operar, pagan o Bernardo, quebrar o corpo, remeter, telegrafar
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
DEFLOWER (TO) abrir o selo, abusar, abusar da inocencia, arrancar os tampos, beber o mel, beber, bulir, bulir na mobilia, carimbar, chamar nos peitos, desaquietar, deflorar, descabacar, desgracar, embilar, emburacar, emplacar, escambichar, fazer ma!, ferrar, furar, lascar, mocar, ofender, passar apera, pintar,, quebrar acastanha, quebrar o preceito, quebrar um cabaco, queimar a periquita, rachar, roer o cupim, rotular, tirar o cabaco, tirar os tampos, tirar os tres, varar, vasar DEFLOWERED (TO BE) ir para a sangria, perder as chetas, perder as pregas (anal), perder os tampos, perder os tres vintens, sair de casa EXCREMENT barro, berda, bosta, caca, cagalhao, capita°, cocO, craca, escorrenca (diarrhea), fezes, josta, lopes, merda, miolo de tripa, pot* pupu, titica, troco FART afonso, bufa, bufo, descuido, pu, pum, pao, peido, pufute, puim, pum, traque, trisquita, trovao de barriga, tuum, vento FART (TO) bufar, estar de escapamento aberto, peidar, soltar-se, soltar um pum FORESKIN cachupeleta, capa de guarda-chuva, chapeu, prep:lei° GIGOLO azeiteiro, cafa, cafeta, cafetao, cafifa, cafiola, cafiolo, caracue, caraxue, gaviao, gigolo, gruviao, proxeneta GIGOLO (TO BE A) ter taxi na praca GLAND chapeleta, pires HYMEN cabaco, casca de laranja, casca de limao, selo, selo de garantia, tampo MADAM cafetina, maezinha, mordoma MASTURBATE (TO) bater caixeta, bater cana, bater bronha, bater uma punheta, colocar a mao nas bolas, dar no macaco, debulhar a espiga, debulhar o milho, dedilhar, descabelar o palhaco, descascar a mandioca, descascar o palm ito, digitar, fazer o palhaco chorar, empinar a pipa, estrangular o sabia, limpar o cavalo, matar zezinho, matutar, medir a temperatura (for women), pecar na mao, pecar na rua-da-palma-namero-5, pelar o ganso, pelar sabia, corner uma rosca, socar pilao, tirar a manteiga do pao, tocar a mariquinhas, tocar bronha, tocar flautim de capa, tocaro furriel, tocar punheta, tocar siririca (for women), tocar uma gloriosa,, tocar umazinha MASTURBATION bronha, carrinho de mao, cinco-contra-um, cinco-dedos, cinco-marias, gaiola-de-cincoponteiros, gaiola-sem-ponteiros, giribide,
BRA7_ZIL - MAY 1998
gloriosa, gronha, maria-cinco-dedos, mastur bacao, onanismo, parrusca, pivia, punhet rocadinha (between women), rocadinho (be tween women), roca-roca, rua-da-palma n0mero-5, saripoca, sebastiana (for women) sigoga, siririca (for women) MENSTRUATE (TO) chorar sangue, estar de lua, estar nos dias, ficar dodoi, hastear a bandeira, matar o pinto (first time), pagar prestacao MENSTRUATION 301 (reminds ofB01 = period), ame I ia chegou aqueles dias, assistida, bandeira inglesa bandeira vermelha, bode, boi, campo largo catamenict chico, chico-bandeira-vermelha, compadre, conjuncao, costume, desconcertp (irregular), campo alagado, embaraco escorrencia, estar de panos, historia, incomodo jacinto, lua, menorreia, menarquia, menstruo mes, mofina, paquete, periodo, pingadeira, purgacao do mes, regime, regras, sangue sangria, tempo, tempo de lua, veiculo, visit volta da lua MONS VENERIS monte de venus, tamba ORGASM gozada, gozo, orgasmo ORGASM (TO HAVE) Gozar, esporrear PENIS aco, alavanca de arquimedes, aparelho, aqui lo, arame, arma, armanho, bacalhau, bacamarte, badalhoco, badalo, bage, bagre, banana, bandeira a meio pau (semi-erect), barba-roxa, bastao, bengala, berimbau, besugo, bibico, bibiu, bicho, bichoca, bicuda, bigoma, bilau, biloca, bilola, bilunga, bimba, birunga, biscoito, bitoca, bodelos, boneca, borracha, brachola, braulio, bregueco, cabeca-de-frade, cabecalisa, cabeca-pelada, cabecao, cabeco, cabecote, cabo-de-relho, caceta, cacete, cacilda, caetano, caibro, cajado, calcete, cambange, cambao, cana, canivete, canudo, carabina, caralho, careca, carimbo, came quente, carulho, catatau, cads, catoco, catrino, catso, ceguim, cha-debesta, cha-de-homem, chapeleta, chapuleta, charuto, chave-de-mulher, chechoca, chibata, chicote-de-barriga, chonga, chori co, chourica, chourico, chui, chumarra, chupeta, chupica, cilindro, cipa, cif)°, cipel cabeludo, circo armado (erect), clarineta, clarinete-de-capa, cobra, coisa, coisinha, coluna-do-meio, consolo, consolo-de-mulher, crescedor de barriga, dardo, descanso-de-carroca (big), deslombada, documentos (penis and scrotum), doido, doutor alisando cresce, entre-pemas, envemizado (hard), espada, espiga, estaca, estopim, estrovenga, faca, facho, falo, farfalho, ferragem, ferramenta, ferramentas de trabalho, ferrao, ferro, flauta, flautim de capa, fosforo, fumo, fumo de rob, fuso, gaita, gambe, gano, ganso, garoto, geringonca, gogo, gogolina, grego, gunga, inhame, instrumento de fazer nenen, instrumento de trabalho, instrumentos, invertebrado, isca, jacaranda, jamanta (big), jeba, jegue (big), jequitiba, jereba, jibepia (big), jiribaita, joao, joaquim-madrugada, judas, jurumba, lambaio (extra-big). I anganho, langotango, lapis, laquaqua (among gays), legume, I enha, lingil ica, macarico, macaxeira, madeira, maisso, majestoso, mala, malfeitor, malho,
mandioca, mandriao, mane bobo, mand-souza, mangalho (big), mangara, mangerico, mango, mangote, mangueira, manicova, maniva, manjeroba, manjuba, manzape, manzapo, maode-vaca, maraca, marreta, marsapa, martelo, mastro, mastruco, merenda, matolao, medalhao, me-ingula, migu, mingula, minhoca, miraguaia, mondrongo (big), mucu, mucucabeludo, mucu-de-cabelo, mucum, naba, nabo, neca (among gays), negocao, negocio, nervo, ocane (among gays), ocapi, o-que-luziaganhou-na-capoeira, o que luzia levou nahorta, pajeit, papa-terra, partes, passarinho, pau, paubarbado, pau-de-fumo, pau-de-mijar, pau-desebo, pau-penca, pau-seco, pavio, peca, pechota, pe-de-mesa (big), peia, pelada, pemba, pendao, penis, pepino, peroba, peru, petardo, piaba, pica, pica, picador, picha, picoca, picole, picole-de-homem, picole-quente, pila, pimba, pincel, pindoba, pingola, pinguelo, pingulim, pino, pinta, pinto, pipi (child's), piroca, pirrola, piru, pirulito, pistola, pistom-de-capa, pito, pitoca, pitota, pituca, piupiu, pomba, ponteiro, porange, porongo, porrete, pra-ti-vai, prego, prendas, pua, punheta, puxador, quiabo, raiz, redia, ripa, robalo, rola, rolo-de-fumo, salame, salsicha, sao-longuinho, sarabaitana (big), sarrafo, sarsarugo, seribobeia, seringa, seta, sinal, sulapa, surdo, taca, tab, tampa-demulher, teca, teca-liana, testa-furada, ticha, tiche, tico, tombica, torcida, tomeirinha, toro, tota, trabuco, trambulhetao, traira, trebocu, tripa, tripe, troculho, trolha, tromba, tronzoba, trozoba, trouxa, trussui, tubiba, tuchupa, tulambe, vagem, vai-e-vem, vara, vara da felicidade, vara-de-mijo, vara-do-diabo, vassourao (big), vela, verga, vergalhao, vergalho, verruma, virote, ximboro, xixi, xoroca, zarabatana, ze, zebedeu, zeca, zeguedegue, zezinho, zimba PET (TO) amolegar, bolinar, caquear, tirar um sarro PETTING choreta PROSTITUTE abre-abre, alto bordo (high class), andorinha, aranin, argentina (blonde), ave, b. de ouro (new prostitute), bagaxa, bagaco, bagageira, bagaxa, balalaica, barca, baronesa (old), BBC (boca, boceta, cu — woman who has oral, vaginal and anal sex), bicha, biraia, biriba, bisca, biscaia, biscate, bofe, boi, bruaca (old), boceta de ouro, buceta de ouro (new prostitute), boneja, brega, bregueira, broa, bruaca, bucho, caborge, cacao, cacarola, cadela, camel ia, canganha, canguicha, cantoneira, carapana, carcaia, caridosa, came nova, earn ica (with venereal disease), carro novo (new in business), casca de jaca, catenga, caterina, catraia, chandoca, china, chobrega, chuteira, cipuina, clod, coco, cocote, comida, congria, coquinho, cortesa, cotruvia, couro, couro de tambor, croia, crota, cuia, culatrao, dadeira, dama, decaida, doidivana, egua, ervoeira, escrachada, escrava branca, fadista, fardeira, feme, femea, findinga, frega, frete, frincha, fuampa, fubana, fuleira, fanfia, fusa, gabirua, gado, galderia, galinacea, galinha, galinha de pe roxo, galinha morta, galinha-polaca, galiquenta, galvinhao, ganapa, gansa, garota de programa, gata, geobra, girafa, gira-bolsinha, giradora de bolsinha, guampa, guerreira, hetaira, horizontal, jereba, jerianta, jupira, juruveva, laranja caida na estrada, lascada,
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leia, leona, libelula, livre, loba, loureira, madalena, madama, mae solteira, malote, mangue, maquininha, marafaia, marafona, marca, maria-do-cais, mariposa, marmita, meretriz, messalina, miche, michela, mijahomem, militriz, minestra, minOlia, minota, miraia, moca, moga-dama, moca-do-facho, moca-do-fado, morubixaba, mosca, mulher, mulher alege, mulher a-toa, mulher cabreira, mulher da cornedia, mulher-dama, mulher da rotula, mulher da rua, mulher da vida, mulher da vida facil, mulher da vida duvidosa, mulher da zona, mulher de amor, mulher de bara, mulher de janela, mulher de ma-nota, mulher de ninguem, mulher de ponta de rua, mulher de porta aberta, mulher deporta de quartel, mulherde-soldado, mulher de vida facil, mulher do facho, mulher do fado, mulher do fandango, mulher do mundo, mulher do pala aberto, mulher errada, mulher perdida, mulherpoblica, mulher solteira, mulher vadia, mundana, murixaba, muruxaba, na vida, orindia, ostra, paloma, pataqueira. pecora, peixe fresco (young), pelherma. penga, perdida, perua, piguancha, pinica, piniqueira, piranha, piranhuda, pirara, piroqueira, pistoleira, piturisca, polaca, prejereba, prima, prostituta, puara, puriba, puta, puta rampeira, putana, putanesca, putanete, putefia, putete, putinha, putona, quenga, querrenca, rabaceira, rameira, rampeira, ramp i deira, rapariga, rascoa, ratuina, reboque, respeitosa, roda-bolsinha, rota, rongo, run-run-run, solteira, surrubango, sutanha, taioba, tamanqueira, tambor de guerra, tampa, tiro-a-esmo, tolerada, torta, trabalhadeira, trabalhando no desvio, transviada, traviata, trepadeira, tronga, uru, vaca, vadia, vaqueta, vasculho, ventena, venus de rua, vigara, vigarista, vulgifara, xandra, xerete, zabaneira, zoina, zunga PUBIC HAIR barba-de-barata, escovao, pentelho, saroinba SEX (ANAL) cunete (rimming), SEX (ANAL), TO HAVE abrir as pregas, afrouxar as pregas, agasalhar, cair de quatro, corner carne-cagada, dar o oitao, enrabar, ir na peida, levar na caixa, levar nas lonas, levar no cu, meter no Cu, socar no rabo, tomar na bunda, tomar nas pregas, tomar no Cu, tomar no olho da goiaba, tomar no olho da jatoba, tomar no rabo, virar o disco SEX (GROUP) enrabacao, festa do cabi de, fodanca, fodelanca, roleta do sexo, sacanagem, suruba, surubada, trenzinho, troca-troca, viracao rasgada SEX (BETWEEN TWO WOMEN) briga de aranha, fazer arua, fazer rocadinho, fazer sabao, SEX (ORAL), CUNNILINGUS boquete, bouche, chibagao, cupacao, chupada, enchibacao, gravagao, lambecao, manga rosa, minete, olha o narizinho, ponta-cabega (69), SEX (ORAL), FELLATIO solo de clarineta SEX (ORAL), TO HAVE beber agua na fonte, botar a boca no trombone (fellatio), cair de boca, cair de lingua, chupar, chupar manga (clitoris licking), dar banho de
58
gato (lick partner's body), paletear (cunnilingus), fazer mimi (cunnilingus), tocar a cometa, tocar clarineta, tocar o hino, tocar trombone, tocar uma flauta, tomar do meu mingau (rimminng) SEX ORGANS paises baixos, vergonhas SEX (WITHOUT SEX DRIVE) broxa SEXUAL EXCITEMENT estar picudo, ficar corn cueca engomada, paudurescencia, tesao SPERM baba-do-quiabo, esperma, esporradela, esporro, gala, garapa de mulher, goma, gosma. leite, leite de homem, leite de minhapica, leitinho, luxaria, manteiga, mel, mela cueca, mingau, mingau de homem, porra, semen, rama de aboboreira TESTICLES asculhos, bagos. balangandas. bolas, bolinhas, bolotas, brincos, cacho, cacho-de-coco, cacho de uvas, cachos, colhao, colodinos, culhao, culhOes. cunhao, dependureza, encomendas, favas, gandolas, graos, guizos, mala, manicos, maniplo. manipulos, maracuja-de-cambada, matutagem, maxixes, melindres, oveiro, ovos, pelotes, penca, pendureza, penduricalhos, peras, qui bas, qui I eb res. quimbas, saco, timbales. tomates, tomates-do-padre-inacio, trocos, trouxa
de maracuj a, florzinha, fofa, forno, fruta, fuma, ganha-pao (among prostitutes), gaveta, gostosa, gramado, greta, greta-garbo, grota, gruta, grutado-amor, guelao, hamba, inchu, inhanha, lacraia, lambedeira, lanho, lasca, lingua de vaca„ loca, luluca, maga., madre, manteigueira, mapoa (among gays), maquina-de-fazermenino, margarida, marisco-de-barra, marmota, mata, mata-homem, mealheiro, meia, meio, microfone cabeludo, migue, moente, nascedouro, inhaca, nhonha, nica, ninho de piroca, ninho de rola, pachacha, pachade, pachucha, paises baixos, pao-crioulo, papoula, papuda, paranho, parque-de-diversOes, partes, passara, passarinha, pastel de cabelo, pe-de-barriga, peladinha, pemba, pencha, pepeca, perereca, periquita, periquito, perseguida, picheu, pichita, pichoca, pintassilgo, pipiu (child's), pito, pixana, pixerreca, pixirica, pixoca, pomba, pombinha, popoca, porteira do mundo, precheca, preta, prexeca, prexela, prexeta, prexexeca, priquita, prissiguida, procurada, quica, quiqiriquinha, quirica, racha, rapadura, raspadinha, recheio-de-sonho, rego de mijar, rodete, rosa, rosinha, sapo, saromba, segredo, suada, tabaca, tabaco. talho, tambarere, tapioca, tareco, taroque, tarraqueta, tatu, tcheca, teresa, tigela-com-pelos, tira-prova de homem, totonha, triangulo, ursa, vagina, vao, vaso, vulva, xana, xanha, xaxa, xavasca, xeca, xereba, xereca, xerereca, xexeca, xexeu, xiba, xibiu, ximbica, xinin, xinxa, xirana, xiranha, xiri, xixi, xixim, xixita, xonha, xota, xotao, xotinha, xoxota, xoxotaco, xoxotao, xoxotinha, zezinha, zinga
URINE pichi, pipi, urina, mijo, xixi
VIRGIN aleijada, cabacinho, cabacuda, cabago, inteira, moca donzela, selada, invicta, tapada, zero quilometro, tres vintens
URINATE desaguar, falar corn Wanderley Cardoso, fazer pi pi. fazer xixi, mijar, molhar a parede, regar a hart a, regatinhar, tirar aguadarotula, tirar agua do joelho, urinar, verter agua,
VIRGINITY dois-cruzados, mobilia, o-que-luzia-perdeuna-capoeira, selinho, tres-vintens,
VULVA africa (reference do pubic hair shape), almofada, aquilo, aranha, arapuca de cagar pinto, arraia preta, arrochada (tight), babaca, babau, bacalhau, bacorinha, bacurinha, bainha, balseira, barata, baratinha, barroca, bela, bibirito, bichana, bichochota, bicho preto, bigaia, bigode, bijOia, bibinha, bimbinha, bisegre, boca cabeluda, boca de baixo, boca de bicho, boca de eabelo. boca-de-encrenca, bocade-jacare, boca-de-sapo. boca-do-corpo, bocado-mato, boca-em-pe, bocanha, boca-semdente, boceta. bochechuda, bolsa-de-valores, bom-bri I. borboleta, breba, brecha, brecheca, bregueco, brigite (shaved), buca, bucanha, bucara, buceta, buque, buraco-da-minhoca, bussanha, buziu, cabeluda, cachimbo, cachorro, caicara, caixa-de-moleques, caixinha de segredos, caneco-de-couro, canoinha, cara de sapo, caranalejeira, caranguejo, cara-preta, carlota, carrotinha, came mijada, carteira, cartola, casa-do-caralho, casco-de-veado, castelo do amor, catrana, cavema, chana, chanisco, chibiu, chincha, chinin, chiquita, chiranha, chin, chiruba, chocho, chochota, chota, coisa, coisinha, cona, concha, copa, cova, crespo, crica, cururu, desejada, dida, encrenca, engole-cobra, engole-espada, engolepau, entre-pemas, esconde-vara, escova, fabrica de fazer boneco, fabrica de fazer menino, fenda, ferida, fidel castro (hairy), file, for, for
WHOREHOUSE acougue, alcoice, baixo mere, baixo meretricio, bordel, brega, cabeca-de-porco, casa de tolerancia, casa-das-primas, casa das tabuas, casa das vadias, casa-de-recurso, castelo, conventilho, covil, curro, fua, gamba, harem, ilha-dos-amores, liceu, lupanar, mangue, moquifo, motel, pensao-de-mulheres, prostibulo, putaria, putedo, puteiro. rapioca, rotola, roxa, randevu, serralho, zona Bibliography: Dicionario do Palavreioe Termos Afins, Mario Souto Maior, Editora Record, Rio de Janeiro, 1988, 173 pp Dicionario de Giria - Modismo Linguistic° - 0 Equipamento Falado do Brasileiro, J.B. Serra e Gurgel, printed by the author, 1995, 386 pp (The book costs $15 including the postage inside Brazil. $15 should be added for foreign countries to cover shipping costs. Send your money or inquiries to J.B. Serra e Gurgel, SQS 302 Bloco B apto. 403- 70.338-020 - Brasilia, DF BRAZIL) A Giria Brasileira - Dos Marginais as Classes de Elite, Gumercindo Saraiva, Editora Itatiaia Ltda, Belo Horizonte, 1988, 112 pp Novo Dicionario Aurelio da Lingua Portuguesa, Aurelio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira, Editora Nova Fronteira, Rio de Janeiro, 1986, 1840 pp
BRAZZIL - MAY 1998
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