Moving Forward: Athenaeum 2050 by Bradley Winograd

MOVING FORWARD ATHENAEUM 2050 NICOLE FITZGERALD JAMIL GAFFUD BRADLEY WINOGRAD

CAPSULE

COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN: STUDIO 5A DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, DESIGN, & URBANISM DREXEL UNIVERSITY FALL 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Athenaeum 2050 & Narrative Design Concepts

SYNTHESIS

Site Context Sun Studies Climate Analysis Zoning & Egress Programming Building Code & Structure Daylighting Facade Studies Preliminary Cost Analysis

MIDTERM

Feedback Renderings

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Envelope Analysis Massing Revisions Revised Egress Experiential Research Revised Programming

ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS

THE FUTURE LIBRARY Site Documentation Final Renderings Final Feedback Biblography

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Thermal Analysis & Facade Development Revised Lighting Analysis Structural Design Exploded Axon

ENTRY SEQUENCE

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ATHENAEUM 2050 & PARTI

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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Hand render provided by the Athenaeum

“LOOKING FORWARD” ATHENAEUM 2050 COMPETITION INTRODUCTION & NARRATIVE

Photo provided by the Athenaeum

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THE COMPETITION ENTRY

ENTRY BY BEAU ARCHITECTS LOOKING FORWARD - ATHENAEUM PHILADELPHIA 46163121 Concept Diagrams

1. Site

Flexible use of the bookshelf

2. Opening up the basement to integrate the archive

3. Bookshelf as structural facade

Bookcollections

Periodicals

Photographs + Prints

Lockers

Storage

Architectural drawings

Item display

Boxed books

4. Introducing special volumes for different functions

The Future Library With the rapid emergence of digital technologies in the past decades, much of the world’s text and literature has migrated from physical print to virtual data. With the disappearance of books, and access to digital information unlinked from any we would no longer need libraries. We believe the opposite is true. More than ever, the library of the future should exist as a place of knowledge and information exchange, by attracting and bringing people together, as well as celebrating the book. Contemporary libraries should be more then just an archive of texts, neaty ordered and stacked together. We looked back to Etienne Louis Boulee’s ‘Grand Library of France,’ where we found our starting point. Here, information is collected around a central open space, programmed for visitor congregation and discussion.

The Supershelf whole collection of the Athenaeum (books, manuscripts, magazines, architectural drawings, archives, even the small and large display items). The shelf can be expanded in the future by placing an extra row of shelves on the inner corridor and providing the atheaum to grow. This ‘supershelf’ functions simultaneously as the facade and structure of the library. In this way we created a central space, an enclosed courtyard surrounded by the storage of knowledge. Special volumes were carefully placed in this central space - designed in such a way to accomodate all the necessary functions including administration spaces, reading rooms, and study areas. On top, these volumes physically form the stage for public events including exhibitions and lectures. Translucent milky glass forms the facade of the library; during the day the building blends into its surrounding environment and the milky glass protects the collection from direct sunlight, but come nightfall the library will glow and become the pride of Philadelphia.

View from Washington Square Park

Section

View from lobby

Basement

First Floor

Second Floor

Third Floor

Fourth Floor

Fifth Floor

THE COMPETITION ENTRY

46163121

2800 linear meter of books & periodicals 840 linear meter of display 830 linear meter + 480 cubic meter of archive & storage

Unfolded bookshelf

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View towards reading room

View from tribune

THE COMPETITION ENTRY

PROJECT NARRATIVE Libraries lay the framework for the future by preserving the past; however, learning environments are not universal. Although many can learn through reading, others may prefer EXCHANGE. Through diverse and open planning, libraries can become not just a place to read but a hub for UNIVERSAL LEARNING COMMUNITIES. By exposing people to resources of the past they can be inspired to invest in the future.

View from Washington Square Park

Renders by BEAU Architects

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View from lobby

THE COMPETITION ENTRY

EXCHANGE THROUGH VISUAL INTERATCTION Through the large atrium, the idea of community is emphasized through transparency whilst enclosed spaces celebrate the individual.

TRANSPARENCY The large atrium also contributes to a variety of zones that nurture different types of activities. This allows the visual interaction to be unique and further enhances the ways in which people can inspire each other.

COMFORT ZONES

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View from tribune

THE COMPETITION ENTRY

EXCHANGE THROUGH SERENDIPITY VOLUME LEVEL

The design focuses the circulation on the perimeter of the building but allows volumes and habitable spaces to disrupt the flow. These volumes create an interstitial space between circulation and reading areas, giving visitors the opportunity to meet and interact with strangers. This further emphasize the communal element in the design. These spaces also create open spaces above, create another level of use to the design and enhancing the atrium experience.

CIRCULATION SPACE

LEVEL ABOVE

READING SPACE INTERSTITIAL SPACE OPEN SPACE

ZOOMED

CIRCULATION SPACE

INTERSTITIAL SPACES ZOOMED IN COMMUNICATION

R E TH A

TE A

T D IE SE U O Q L L C A N U EE ID T IV A D IV IN PR

B A LL

DIVERSIFY LEARNING

OPEN CLOSED

CLOSED CLOSED

OPEN AND CLOSED

OPEN CLO OPEN CLO

OPEN CLO

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View towards reading room

The glowing facade is bound by a strong grid, but due to its modularity, allows the internal program to define the exterior facade. By allowing the facade to be flexible, it enhances the building’s ability to cater to a wide variety of uses both in the present and in the future. This however had its limits in the amount of views the competition provided and design proposes a series of book nooks to provide more interest and play into the facade.

OR RI TE N I

VIEW

BREAKING

RI D

TOWARD PARK

THE COMPETITION ENTRY

UNIVERSAL LEARNING THROUGH MODULARITY & FLEXIBILITY

ALLS

BREAKING THE GRID

UNIFORM GRID

OPEN AND CLOSED

COMPETITION CORRIDOR

PROPOSED CORRIDOR

BOOK NOOK STUDY

CORRIDOR ACTIVITY

“BOOK NOOK” CONCEPT RENDER

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BREAKING THE GRID

THE COMPETITION ENTRY

UNIVERSAL LEARNING THROUGH MODULARITY & FLEXIBILITY In support of equity and diversity, the group researched ADA guidelines and ways to make sure that the new Book Nooks are able to cater to those in wheelchairs. The design also wanted to make sure that the module of bookshelves are not obstructing those in wheel chairs and are able to grab the books that are naturally within their reach.

Figure 305.7.1 Maneuvering Clearance in an Alcove, Forward Approach

Figure 305.7.2 Maneuvering Clearance in an Alcove, Parallel Approach Alcoves shall be 60 inches wide minimum where depth exceeds 15 inches.

Finally, equity also occurs within the circulation. By maintaining a connection between elevator and stair, the design can allow for equal pathing for all users, allowing all users to experience the design in the same way.

5' - 0" 3' - 0" "

CLR

1' - 3"

CLR

2' - 0"

CLR

SEAT/WORKSTATION TO BE AT Seat/Workstation toOF beSURFACE at 30” atAND top27” of surface and 30” AT TOP CLEARANCE 27” Clearance from to bottom of surface FROM FLOOR TO floor BOTTOM OF SURFACE

BOOK NOOK ADA

STAIRS ST S TAIRS TAIRS

48x30 AREA OF REFUGE

ELEV ELE ELEV.

65' - 4 1/2"

EQUAL PATHING

Figure 308.3.2 Unobstructed High Forward Reach

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S U P E R S H E L F

BOOKSHELF ADA

Figure 308.3.2 Obstructed Side Reach

S U P E R S H E L F

S U P E R S H E L F Figure 308.3.2 Obstructed High Forward Reach

S U P E R S H E L F

S U P E R S H E L F Figure 308.3.1 Unobstructed Side Reach

THE COMPETITION ENTRY

IMMERSION AND SEQUENCING THROUGH THE SUBLIME The large expansive space of Boullee’s National Library was a great inspiration to BEAU Architect’s design and inhibits a great sense of sublime to the visitor. During the day, the atrium acts to bring light to the darker corridor. Conversely, at night the corridors act to feed light back towards the atrium and illuminate through the facade creating a glow.

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THE SUBLIME R I D OR COR

R I D OR COR

ATRIUM

INBOUND

GLOW

IMPLIES INTANGIBLE ENERGY, DIRECTION, & AWE

OUTBOUND

LIGHTING CHANGES THROUGHOUT THE DAY

THE NATIONAL LIBRARY ETIENNE-LOUIS BOULLEE

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BEAU’S ATRIUM

To further emphasize the comfort and expansiveness of the atrium. The entry sequence becomes very important. The initial compression in the design further emphasize the liberation one feels as they enter through the space. This allows the visitor to feel comfort in the atrium despite its strong enclosure from the outside.

S 6th ST LIMITE D C ONFIN E D E NCLOS E D

PRESS I O N

THR E THR ESHOLD SHOLD

COMPRESSION AND EXPANSION

OPE N N ES S IN DI VD UA LIZ E D

THE COMPETITION ENTRY

IMMERSION AND SEQUENCING THROUGH COMPRESSION AND EXPANSION

ED T RA E T LIB FOR COM

EXPAN SIO N

FLEXI BILIT Y

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SITE CIRCULATION

DESIGN SYNTHESIS SITE, CLIMIATE, CODE, AND PROGRAM

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SYNTHESIS

SITE CONTEXT After analyzing the competition entry and developing parti diagrams, we went to Washington Square to understand the context. From visiting the site of the current Athenaeum, we discovered a lot about the importance of the history of the neighborhood, building regulations, materiality of groundcover and cladding, their scale, and circulation within Washington Square Park. This would later help us understand facade design, site design, and massing.

CONSTITUTION CENTER

PHILA. MINT

FED BUILDING

ARCH ST

IRS BUILDING INDEPENDENCE MALL

MARKET ST S. 6TH ST

WASHINGTON’S HOME

LIBERTY BELL

INDEPENDENCE HALL

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF JEWISH HISTORY THE BOURSE

AMERICAN PHIL. SOCIETY FIRST BANK

WALNUT ST

WASHINGTON SQUARE

MUSEUM OF THE REVOLUTION

MERCHANT’S EXCHANGE

ATHENAEUM

LANDMARKS INSTITUTIONS HISTORIC GOVERNMENT ATHENAEUM PARK

WASHINGTON SQUARE

CONTEXT MAP

CIRCULATION THROUGH THE PARK

WASHINGTON SQUARE & INDEPENDENCE MALL

SITE CONTEXT 6TH STREET COLLAGE

CLADDING LIMESTONE

BRICK

HERRINGBONE

CONCRETE

GROUNDCOVER COBBLESTONE

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BROWNSTONE

SYNTHESIS

NOON 12

SUN STUDY

13 JUN

11 10

14 15

MAY

APR

MAR

Surrounding the site are mid-rise to high-rise buildings that make access to light very difficult because of the cast shadow they create throughout the year.

8 FEB JAN 7

18 DEC

OBSTRUCTIONS 6

WINTER -SPRING SUMMER-FALL

However, the study still shows that the East and West elevation can get some light throughout the year and that the north can get some light in the SpringSummer. With this in mind, the atrium became an integral part of capturing natural light for the design. We looked into the Genzyme Center and Melbourne School to further understand how to incorporate more light into the design in a controlled manner.

NEEDS MORE LIGHT

6 IDEAL LIGHT LEVEL DEC 7

NOV OCT 8

SEP AUG

OVER-EXPOSED TO LIGHT JUL

15 11

JUN 12 NOON

SUN CHART SOLAR ACCESS:SUN ANGLES

In addition to light, the Genzyme center also provided a new insight in ways to layer greenery into the atrium

DAYLIGHTING STUDY SPRING-SUMMER (LEFT) AND FALL-WINTER (RIGHT)

GENZYME CENTER BEHNISCH ARCHITEKTEN, CONDITIONED INTERIOR (LEFT) AND ATRIUM OF LIGHT (RIGHT)

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JOHN WARDLE ARCHITECTS, LIGHT FILLED OPEN SPACE (LEFT) AND PROTECTIVE FACADE (RIGHT)

MELBOURNE SCHOOL OF DESIGN

SYNTHESIS

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Philadelphia exhibits a temperate climate with most of the year being within a discomfortable level. Humidity, Temperature and Rain are mostly within the range of discomfort while Wind is even between comfort and discomfort. Through this analysis, we recognize the importance of the comfort levels of the interior levels and with most of the year being uncomfortable the design wants to push a conditioned interior: an exterior condition within the atrium.

TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY

COMFORT ZONE: TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY

BOTH TEMP. and HUMIDITY ARE COMFORTABLE TEMPERATURE IS COMFORTABLE HUMIDITY IS COMFORTABLE BOTH ARE NOT IN A COMFORTABLE LEVEL

6 MONTHS

HUMIDITY AND RAIN

12 MONTHS 3 MONTHS

1.5 MONTHS

COMFORT ZONE: WIND

14.5

15 .5

18 16 .5

17.5

AVERAGE HIGH 19 .5

AVERAGE SPEED

AVERAGE LOW

U N D E SIR A B L E C O M F O R T A B L E W A L KIN G

4.5 4 3

MAY

2.5

4.5

APR

4.5

4.25

C O M F O R T A B L E SIT TI N G

JAN

FEB

MAR

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

WIND ANALYSIS in in

1.1+ .98 .86 .75 .63 .51 .35 .23 .1 <0

1.2

.96

.70 1/4” LIGHT: 2-3 hrs MODERATE: 1 hr HEAVY: 15min

3/4” HEAVY: 2-4 hrs 1” HEAVY: 2-5 hrs

.24

24 Hr 12 16 20 4 8 4 8 12 16 20 24

RAIN ANALYSIS

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1/2” MODERATE: 1-2 hrs HEAVY: 30-45 min

.47

SYNTHESIS

SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES Because of the wide spectrum of climatic conditions in Philadelphia, the atrium can act as a conditioned park-like interior with ample natural light and greenery and serve as a place of refuge during bad weather. Making the atrium a space of thermal comfort, people can enjoy it all year-round.

CONDITIONED PARK INTERIOR THE ATRIUM PROTECTS FROM THE CLIMATE

GENZYME CENTER INTRODUCING LIGHT & GREENERY INTO THE ATRIUM

EASTERN AND SOUTHERN FACADE CAN CAPTURE EVEN MORE LIGHT DURING FALL-WINTER

SKYLIGHT CAN MAXIMIZE LIGHT INTAKE, BUT RECOMMENDED TO REDUCE LIGHT INTAKE DURING SPRING-SUMMER TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY IS UNDESIRABLE TO T BOTH PEOPLE AND BOOKS; PROVIDE MORE RESISTANT ENEVELOPE

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CLIMATE RESPONSE

FA LLWIN TER

SPR ING -SU MME R

STRONG VESTIBULE/VOID TO PROTECT AGAINST MODERATE/HEAVY RAIN FOR VISITORS

SYNTHESIS

ZONING AND EGRESS The existing building occupied the whole lot which caused us to reduce the overall footprint of the design. However through careful analysis, we found that the design is able to capture more light by setting back 25’ away from 6th street and allowing the building height to increase. The reduced occupiable area also allows the building to pay respect to the scale of the residential in the rear and also provide stormwater mitigation.

The competition egress also did not work within code. With a single stair and an exit access of 140’, the original design does not meet the required egress. With the new proposed circulation, the stairs are simply laid out by the party wall and maintains a simple circulation.

SETBACK AXON

LOT COVERAGE PLAN

EXIT ACCESS

140’

COMPETITION EGRESS

96' - 9"

EXIT ACCESS

PROPOSED EGRESS

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90’

3/8" '-4 165 5' CE 5 TAN . DIS MIN

90’

SYNTHESIS

PROGRAMMING Through plan and section, the competition entry maintains a strong relationship with the atrium. This is what allows for a strong communal space that people interact with. A flaw in the design however is it’s underwhelming programming, lacking the space that the Athenaeum requires for its future use.

EXISTING PROGRAM  



    

 

   

 

    

 

    

 

    

 

    

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

         /         /    

GRAPHIC PROGRAM

 

COMPETITION PROGRAMMING

   

  





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

 

 







 

 

 

 

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 



 



 

 

READING ROOMS TALKING/GATHERING (OPEN SPACE) CIRCULATION

G IR A ST

PARK ( PUBLIC)

STREET

ARCHIVE

TALK

READ

READ TALK BOH BOH

T A L K

B O H B O H

5 4 3 2 STREET

1 B

COMPETITION PROGRAM IN PLAN AND SECTION

READ

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PARK



 

BOOKSHELF WALL W



CIRCULATION





BOOKSHELF WALL W





SYNTHESIS

PROPOSED PROGRAMMING Though the required program exceeds the competition, the proposal held the fundamentals of the design, maintaining the atrium as the focal point of the design. In recognizing the larger density of program, we went through iterations of ways to organize the space. This ultimately led to option 3 with a secondary basement for archiving, allowing the atrium and public spaces to maintain the grand gesture that the original competition provided

PROPOSED PROGRAM Meeting/ Multipurpose Room

Reference and Information Hub

Archives Public Entry & Loby Periodicals Collection – Display & Seating

Gallery

General Collection & Member Reading Room

Atrium

Administration Circulation Services

Staff Workroom General Building Services

Deliveries, Loading, Temporary Parking and Staff Entrance

BUBBLE DIAGRAM

Adjacent Proximity

PROGRAM # PROGRAM DIVISION 1 Public Entrance and Lobby Public Entrance and Lobby Public Restrooms Proposed Café 2 Circulation Services Circulation Desk Computer/Telecom Room Staff Entrance and Lobby Staff Lounge Staff Restrooms 3 Staff Workroom 4 Administration Administration Services Area Executive Director’s Office Assistant Director’s Office Administrative Assistant Reception and Support Services Staff Meeting Room Staff Office Area 5 Reference and Information Hub Reference Desk Reference Collection and Seating Copy Center Technology Area 6 General Collection and Member Reading Room Browsing Area and New Book Display Media Collection and Seating Fiction Collection and Seating Non-Fiction Collection and Seating 7 Archives Physical Media Archives Digital Media Archives Rare Book Vault Proposed Large Scanner Room 8 Meeting Room AV, Chair and Table Storage Multipurpose Room 9 Periodicals Collection – Display and Seating 10 Gallery 11 General Building Services Custodial Workroom General Athenaeum Storage 12 Deliveries, Loading, Temporary Parking and Staff Entrance

AREA EXISTING NEEDED (SF) AREA (SF) 1370 21330 520 230 380 1200 0 1410 150 170 150 150 230 260 800 5730 250 800 250 690 6170 420 670 900 2000 1320 3000 600 3000 0 300 1100 500 0 500 0 0 280 320 0 37330

PROGRAM SQUARE FOOTAGE

PROPOSED PROGRAM

DIVISION AREA (SF) 500

1130

1200 1910

1990

3990

6600

1400

500 500 600

20320

FLEXIBLE SEATING SUPERSHELF PARK ARK FLEXIBLE FLEXIBLE SEATING BEYOND SEATING SUPERSHELF FLEXIBLE PARK PARK ARK REFERENCE AREA PARK ARK BEYOND SEATING SS BOH ARCH. ADMINISTRATION AREA BEYOND GALLERY SUPERSHELF BEYOND

FLEXIBLE SEATING

STREET

MEETING ROOM

CIRCUL. DESK

STAFF AREA

5 4 3 2 STREET

ARCHIVE

OPTION 1 DISTINCT PROGRAM FLEXIBLE SPACE CIRCULATION FLEX. AREA PA FLEX. RKAREA

FLEX. FLEX. AREA SEAT. FLEX. TECH AREA AREA STAFF FLEXIBLE AREA SEATING

STAFF AREA

STREET

FLEXIBLE SEATING CIRCUL. DESK

STAFF AREA

SUPERSHELF BEYOND SUPERSHELF BEYOND SUPERSHELF BEYOND SS BEYOND

MEETING ROOM

ARCHIVE

4 GALLERY

TELE. COMM.

BOH

ARCHIVE

BATHROOM

REFER. AREA

2 STREET

ARCHIVE

BACK OF HOUSE ARCHIVES PARK / POCKET PARK SUPERSHELF

OPTION 2

STREET

MEETING ROOM

LOBBY

P A R K

FLEXIBLE SEATING TING FLEXIBLE PA SEATING TING RK FLEXIBLE SEATING STAFF AREA

GALLERY

4 3 2 STREET

BOH

ARCHIVE

B2 ARCHIVE

OPTION 3

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FLEXIBLE PA SUPERSHELF BEYOND SEATING RK REFERENCE SUPERSHELF PARK ARK AREA BEYOND SS ADMINISTRATION BOH BEYOND AREA

SYNTHESIS

CONSTRUCTION TYPE While studying the building codes to see what construction types were allowed, our proposed parameters left us with either concrete and steel construction or mass timber. Although the concrete design can work within the new massing, the conrete and steel seemed counteractive to the communal element to the design. It felt sterile and muted. To further emphasize the design’s intent, Mass Timber felt like a better fit as it brought warmth and comfort to the space.

ZONING FAR: LOT AREA: ALLOWABLE AREA: MAX BUILDING HT:

CONSTRUCTION TYPE MATRIX 500% 9,000 SF. 45,000 SF. PROPOSED AREA: 45,000 SF. 70 FT MAX PROPOSED BLDG HT: 70 FT

OCCUPANCY GROUP: A-3 B S-2

LIBRARY BUSINESS STORAGE (LOW-HAZARD)

AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS REQUIRED? YES ALLOWABLE BUILD HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND PLANE: 70 FT OCCUPANCY TYPE: SPRINKLERED? TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT, VA A, B, S YES ALLOWABLE NUMBER OF STORIES ABOVE GROUND PLANE: OCCUPANCY TYPE: SPRINKLERED? A-3 YES B YES S-2 YES ALLOWABLE NUMBER OF STORIES ABOVE GROUND PLANE: OCCUPANCY TYPE: SPRINKLERED? A-3 YES (SM) B YES (SM) S-2 YES (SM)

5 TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION IA, IB, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT IA, IB, IIA, IIIA, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT IA, IB, IIA, IIIA, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT, VA 45,000 SF TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION IA, IB, IIA, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT, VA IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT, VA

CONSTRUCTION TYPE ANALYSIS

STRUCTURE & EXPERIENCE

COMPETITION STRUCTURE: CONCRETE AND STEEL

Founder’s Hall By kaTO ARCHITECTS AND ZGF (LEFT) Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Building by STUDIO MA (RIGHT)

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PROPOSED STRUCTURE: MASS TIMBER

SYNTHESIS

PROPOSED LIGHTING PROGRAM From the competition plans, we new recognized that a lot of the light in the site will be captured by the top floor but that the ground floor will capture little to no light. Accepting this, we decided to create a lighting program, allowing public spaces to have the most light and offices and administration to have the most balanced levels of light and more Back of House programs to have little light.

LOW

MODERATE

PUBLIC READING AREAS MOST VARIED QUALITY PUBLIC PROGRAM SPORATIC USE

BROWSING AREA ND NEW BOOK DISPLAY

MEDIA COLLECTION AND SEATING

FICTION COLLECTION AND SEATING

NON-FICTION COLLECTION AND SEATING

MODERATE CHANGES IN QUALITY PRIVATE PROGRAM CONTINUOUS USE

PERIODICALS

ADMINISTRATION, ENCLOSED SPACES

REFERENCE COLLECTION AND SEATING

LOBBY/CIRCULATION DESK

MEETING ROOMS

ADMINISTRATION SERVICES AREA

DIRECTOR’S/ASSISTANT DIRECTOR’S OFFICE

ADMIN. ASSISTANT

GENERAL STAFF OFFICES

STAFF LOUNGE

REFERENCE DESK

INFORMATION HUB

LIGHTING PROGRAM

CAFE

LITTLE CHANGE IN QUALITY SEMI-PUBLIC PROGRAM CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT

MULTIPURPOSE ROOM

GALLERY

VESTIBULE

TELECOM/COMPUTER ROOM

COPY CENTER

RESTROOMS

LOADING DOCKS

PHYSICAL MEDIA ARCHIVES

DIGITAL MEDIA ARCHIVES

RARE BOOK BAULT

LARGE SCANNER ROOM

BACK OF HOUSE, ARCHIVES, MECHANICALS, ENTRY

HIGH

FLOOR 5

FLOOR 4

FLOOR 3

FLOOR 2

EXPLODED FLOOR PLAN (SE)

LIGHTING ANALYSIS

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FLOOR 1

SYNTHESIS

PROPOSED SKIN The original design proposed for a glass block module that encased the interior. We recognized this as inefficient in protecting the books as well as limited in its flexibility. We proposed instead for a curtain wall system with a metal mesh screen. This maintains the strong grid and illuminating quality that the glass block produces. This allows the interior to be free from the enclosure of the skin, and allows the skin react to the environment, opening and closing as the seasons go by.

METAL MESH MODULE SYSTEM

REACTIVE SOLID AND VOID

SKIN PRECEDENT Nth Ftizroy by Milieu and FIELDWORK (CENTER) Altis Belem by RISCO Architects (RIGHT)

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UNFOLDED ELEVATION

SYNTHESIS

INITIAL PROPOSAL COST With the new facade and metal mesh screen, we noticed that a lot of the budget went into the shell. This also brought up further concerns about the operational cost for the design as the thermal properties of the design is not ideal. With this in mind, the design takes a shift towards a new iteration that allows the facade to maintain its quality and original intent, while performing more efficiently than the current proposal.

COSTS OTHER COSTS

$4,775,827

BUILDING SITEWORK

$292,680

SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION

$21,000

EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS

PERCENTAGE BASED COSTS SUBSTRUCTURE

SHELL

INTERIORS

SERVICES

EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS

SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION

BUILDING SITEWORK

OTHER BUILDING COSTS

$291,750

SERVICES

$4,583,861

INTERIORS

$1,794,413

22%

SHELL

$3,458,524

31%

SUBSTRUCTURE

$376,520

$1,000,000

$2,000,000

$3,000,000

$4,000,000

$5,000,000

12%

TOTAL COSTS: $15,594,575 TO BE REDUCED

29%

COST ANALYSIS

$6,

11/1/2021 SUMMARY - ORDER OF MAGNITUDE COST ESTIMATE

Group

Description

Subtotal

SUBSTRUCTURE

A10 Foundations A20 Basement Construction B

$ $

154,700 221,820

$ $ $

764,768 2,241,626 452,130

$ $ $

919,682 568,000 306,731

$ $ $ $ $

392,000 273,000 1,959,431 266,096 1,693,335

$ $

75,000 216,750

$ $

9,000 12,000

$ $ $ $ $

35,000 35,000 65,000 30,000 154,510

SHELL

B10 Superstructure B20 Exterior Closure B30 Roofing C

INTERIORS

C10 Interior Construction C20 Staircases C30 Interior Finishes D

D10 D20 D30 D40 D50 E

E10 E20 F

F10 F20 G

G10 G20 G30 G40 G50

SERVICES Conveying Systems Plumbing HVAC Fire Protection Electrical EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS Equipment Furnishings SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION Special Construction Selective Building Demolition BUILDING SITEWORK Site Preparation Site Improvements Site Civil/Mechanical Utilities Site Electrical Utilities Other Site Construction SUBTOTAL General Requirements SUBTOTAL Bidding/ Costing Contingency SUBTOTAL Escalation to the Mid Point of Construction (12 Months @ 4% per year) TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST

$'s/SF

376,520

3,458,524

1,794,413

4,583,861

291,750

21,000

292,680

251.52

301.82

332.00

345.28

362.55

10,818,747

20%

2,163,749

12,982,497

10%

1,298,250

14,280,746

571,230

14,851,976

742,598.81

15,594,575

8.75 3.60 5.16 80.40 17.78 52.11 10.51 41.72 21.38 13.21 7.13 106.57 9.11 6.35 45.55 6.19 39.37 6.78 1.74 5.04 0.49 0.21 0.28 6.80 0.81 0.81 1.51 0.70 3.59

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OTHER/SOFT COSTS: Design & Construction Management Fees Construction Contingency Furnishings Project Management Costs TOTAL PROJECT COSTS

Total Cost

PRELIMINARY COST BREAKDOWN ZGERALD

MIDTERM Intermediate Progress & Considerations

NF | JG | BW 49

MIDTERM 50

FEEDBACK 1.

There is no contrast or hierarchy in the façade or any correlation to the context of the surrounding context because of the entirely mechanical façade.

The entry and vestibule is under developed and needs further analysis on how to create a inviting entry space and frontage.

The atrium neglects the impact of the learning spaces that exists within the competition entry’s atrium.

Universal learning does not come across in the experience of the building because it is very linear.

The façade and exterior of the building has a negative thermal and cost impact.

CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE EXTERIOR BREAKING THE GRID CONCEPT

D AY TIM E

NIGHT TIME

EXPERIENCES

NF | JG | BW 51

MIDTERM

CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE VESTIBULE At midterm the jurors stated that the vestibule experience was not one that people would enjoy since it’s very linear.

Referring back to our original concept of expansion -> compression -> expansion would later assist us in developing a entry and vestibule that is intriguing. Creating a shorter corridor to the atrium would increase the experience of the entry into the atrium because the atrium would appear larger.

ENTRY SEQUENCE

VESTIBULE

CIRCULATION INTO THE BUILDING

EXISTING VESTIBULE EXPERIENCE

CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE ATRIUM ATRIUM & COLLABORATION

NF | JG | BW 53

MIDTERM

CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE LEARNING After analyzing the midterm presentation the ideas of universal learning and the interior facade interacting with the people were not developed enough.

By looking at our concept going into midterm and the structure studying the reading room we realized that our idea was strong but there needs to be spaces that differ from this type of learning. While looking at the facade there was a realization that it should have a more privatized facade.

UNIVERSAL LEARNING

STRUCTURE SECTION STUDY

SPACE BRINGING TWO COMMUNITIES TOGETHER

STRUCTURE THAT CREATES AN EXPERIENCE

CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE FACADE INTERIOR & EXTERIOR FACADE EXPERIENCE

QIUSUO SCREEN FACADE MANUFACTURER

INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE & TECH. BUILDING BY STUDIO MA

OPEN INTERIOR

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SEMI-OPAQUE EXTERIOR

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT Facade Progression, Programming, & Precedents

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DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

FACADE PROGRESSION Post midterm the first idea we tackled was changing the facade by exploring materiality, grid concepts, and public/ private helped our design. The first option was a limestone veneer that would blend in with the surrounding environment.

LIMESTONE COST ANALYSIS 58

REVISION SHOWCASING A MORE AFFORDABLE APPROACH

FACADE PROGRESSION LIMESTONE AXON

NF | JG | BW 59

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

FACADE PROGRESSION The second option was a brick veneer that would blend it with the existing row houses on St. James Street. The third option was terra cotta which was a lighter and option that could provide more texture to the facade with a similar cost to the brick option.

TOTA

BRICK OPTION COSTS OTHER COSTS

$4,017,897

BUILDING SITEWORK

$280,000

SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION

$21,000

EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS

$291,750

SERVICES

BRICK OPTION PERCENTAGE BASED COST SUBSTRUCTURE

SHELL

INTERIORS

SERVICES

EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS

SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION

BUILDING SITEWORK

OTHER BUILDING COSTS

$3,906,527

INTERIORS

$1,533,535

SHELL

$2,692,465

20% 31%

SUBSTRUCTURE

$376,520

$500,000

$1,000,000

$1,500,000

$2,000,000

$2,500,000

$3,000,000

$3,500,000

$4,000,000

$4,500,000

TOTAL COSTS: $13,119,693

12%

ORIGINAL

30%

BRICK COST ANALYSIS 60

REVISION SHOWCASING A MORE AFFORDABLE APPROACH

FACADE PROGRESSION BRICK AXONAXON & THE OWSLEY BROWN II HISTORY CENTER LIMESTONE

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DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 62

FACADE PRECEDENT LIMESTONE JACOBS SCHOOL AXONOF MEDICINE & HARRAH’S AK-CHIN HOTEL

ATRIUM PRECEDENT THE LIMESTONE BOURSEAXON | INDIVIDUALITY/COMMUNITY & ATRIUM OF LIGHT

INDIVID

UAL

INDIVIDUAL

COMMUNITY

XIANDIANTI LIMESTONE AXON MALL | ATRIUM GREENERY & MATERIALITY

NF | JG | BW 63

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

MASSING DEVELOPMENT The initial mass to form focused on the sustainable concepts we wanted to consider in our project. The final mass to form tells a story of how our building was developed through those considerations and ideas.

INITIAL DESIGN MASS TO FORM 64

CHANGES IN THE BUILDING SHAPE & IDEAS

MASSING DEVELOPMENT LIMESTONE FINAL DESIGN AXON MASS TO FORM

NF | JG | BW 65

The egress in the competition entry did not met code regulations or ADA requirements.

4' - 0"

" 1 /32 ' - 53 = 57 NCE IS TA SS D

8' - 0"

79’

COMPETITION ENTRY & INITIAL EGRESS TYPICAL FLOOR 66

EVOLUTION OF THE PATH OF EGRESS

1 70'

65' - 4 1/2"

EXIT ACCESS

77’

G RE

140’

EXIT ACCESS

4' - 0"

8' - 0"

.E MIN

The original proposal had the stairs on the northern side to maximize light into the building on the southern side before the consideration of the condo building. The final iteration it was flipped to hide the stairs in the wall because there couldn’t be openings.

140’

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

EGRESS PLANS

EGRESS PLANS LIMESTONE FINAL EGRESS AXON PLANS

EGRESS PLAN 80’ 64’

66’ 64’

LEVEL TWO L2

LEVEL FIVE L5

101’

80’

90’ 69’

82’ 61’

LEVEL ONE L1

84’

70’

77’

BASEMENT ONE B1

101’

LEVEL FOUR L4

101’

LEVEL THREE L3

101’

EXIT STAIRS EXIT REMOTENESS (MIN. 50 FT)

75’

95’

EXIT DISCHARGE TRAVEL DISTANCE (MAX. 250’)

CHBASEMENT 487 | CAPSULE TWO

101’

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EXIT ACCESS

80’

NF JG BW

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

PROGRAM STUDY LIBRARY FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF NATURAL RESOURCES EXPOSED MASS TIMBER STRUCTURE

OPERABLE WINDOW MODULE

VIEW TO WASHINGTON SQUARE

LOW-PARTITION READING DESKS

PRIVATE READING OR VIEWING BAY

VIEWS TO WASHINGTON SQUARE OPERABLE WINDOWS READING SHELF

READING TABLES

STAFF OFFICE

SUPERSHELF

PROGRAM STUDY ATRIUM SKYLIGHT ACCESS TO GREENERY

GLASS ENCLOSURE STAFF / MEETING SPACES

INFORMAL CORRIDOR GATHERING SPACE CLUSTERED STUDY SPACES

STUDY SPACES

VIEWS TO S PARK POCKET

ATRIUM GATHER SPACE

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READING SHELF

SUPERSHELF

VIEWS FROM INTERIOR ROOMS

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT The program is arranged by private, public, and common spaces. The basement floors are mainly private. The ground floor is a common area. The staff areas are on the second floor and the further you ascend upward the more public the building gets.

Meeting/ Multipurpose Room

Reference and Information Hub

Public Entry & Loby

Periodicals Collection – Display & Seating

Gallery

General Collection & Member Reading Room

Atrium Archives Administration Circulation Services

General Building Services

Workroom

Deliveries, Loading, Temporary

Adjacent Proximity

PROGRAM DIAGRAM 70

BUBBLE DIAGRAM WITH ADJACENCIES & PROXIMITIES

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM SECTIONS

502

402

302

502

403

402

303

202

105

102

001

401

302

301

201

102

003

102

PRIVATE/COMMON/PUBLIC SPACES

CROSS SECTION THROUGH ATRIUM 1/32”=1’ 1/16”=1’ 0

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PROGRAM SPECTRUM

103

002

LONGITUDIONAL SECTION THROUGH ATRIUM 1/32”=1’ 1/16”=1’ 8

501

205

104

502

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PROGRESS DEPARTMENT PLANS

Meeting Room General Building Services ollection and Member

Staff Workroom Public Entrance and Lobby

ormation Hub Stairs Periodical Collection Archives Circulation Services General Collection and Member Reading Room Reference and Information Hub Administration

Gallery

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT LIMESTONE FINAL PROGRAM AXONPLANS

L2 LEVEL TWO

L5 LEVEL FIVE

L1 LEVEL ONE

L4 LEVEL FOUR

B1 BASEMENT ONE

L3 LEVEL THREE NF | JG | BW 73

B2 BASEMENT TWO

T E R RA COT TA BRICK VENEER T E X T U R ES C U RTA I N WA L L & M ES H S C R E E N (O P E N S PAC E ) BOOK NOOK ( I N D I V I D UA L S PAC E ) C U RTA I N WA L L REVISED BREAKING THE GRID

ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS Detailing, Thermal, Structure, & Lighting

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THE PUBLIC FACADE

READING ROOM

6TH & PART- WALL ELEVATIONS

TYPICAL ROOF ASSEMBLY BUILT UP ROOF TAPERED RIGID INSULATION VAPOR BARRIER GYPSUM COVERBOARD CLT ROOF PANEL ELECTRICAL CAVITY OAK CEILING

READING ROOM

After reviewing our facade studies, looking at context, and anticipating thermal design, we decided to use a diverse language of masonry to reflect the response to the public realm of the park and adjacent residences and create a modular panel system in which the scale is predictable and where materiality is only altered from the exterior layer. Terracotta was chosen for the public realm, whereas brick was chosen for the private realm.

FLEX SEATING

ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS

FACADE DEVELOPMENT

VESTIBULE CANTILEVER

STAFF OFFICES

RADIANT FLOOR SYSTEM W/ SOUND INSULATION

TERRACOTTA SILL

TERRACOTTA SPANDREL PANEL

SHELF ANGLE

TONGUE & GROOVE WOOD SOFFIT PANELS

READING ROOM PROJECTION ROOF MOVABLE MESH SCREEN BUILT-UP ROOF W/ TAPERED INSULATION

VESTIBULE

STAFF ROOM

EXPOSED MASS TIMBER FRAMING

TYPICAL FLOOR ASSEMBLY OAK FLOOR RADIANT HEATING SYSTEM SOUND ATTENUATION INSULATION TONGUE & GROOVE CLT FLOOR ELECTRICAL CHANNEL OAK CEILING PANELS

TYPICAL FOUNDATION WALL DRAINAGE MAT RIGID INSULATION VAPOR BARRIER SITECAST CONCRETE FURRING CHANNEL GYPSUM BOARD

ALUMINUM & GLASS CURTAIN WALL

6TH ST ELEVATION & DETAILS TERRACOTTA PANELS CLAD THE ENTRY & FACE THE PARK