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Selected Work at Architectural Association 2021-2024

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Bowen Tan

1

CONTENT

01 CREATURES OF THE SCRUBBER

02 P3-9

BREATHABLE GIZMOLOGIESO P10-1

PROJECT DURATIONS: WIP. Sep. 2023 - June 2024

Completed Nov. 2023

KEY WORDS: Narrative, Fictional, Creatures, Sustainable

Interactive, Inflatable Gizmo, Performative

PARTICIPANTS/ TUTORS: Individual Work

Individual Work

Tutors: Ricardo De Ostos Nicholas Zembashi

Tutors: Ricardo De Ostos Nicholas Zembashi

13

03 AN EDITABLE ZONE

04 P14-P18

TRUSS & TREE FORKS P19-P20

Completed March 2023 - June 2023

WIP. July 2023 - 2025

Artificial Intelligence, Practice, Digital, Generative

Collaboration, Infrastructure, High-Tech, Hand-craft, Reuse,

Individual Work

Team Work with AAVS (AA visiting School)

Tutors: Ryan Dillon David Greene

Working With: Wyatt Armstrong Joel De Mowbray Sai Snigdha Pinasetti Design & Make Team

2

Creatures of the Scrubber Bio-Technological Manifesto We have not witnessed the ‘real’ forest, but only our notions of it.

The old Forest is an abandoned place, that can no longer return to nature. Instead, it must revert to the next nature, becoming an involuntary park.

The forest is an artificial system once humans are involved in this technological matrix, the system becomes an untameable creature that mirrors the principles of nature, adhering to the laws of entropy, growth, ageing, and finally decay.

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3

BRIEF

1 Journey Through an Artificial Forest and Artificial Lake Virginia Water is a created landscape, designed as part of the Crown Estate and is typical of much of UK forestry in its variety and its history.

Through an examination of this landscape, with aim to ask how the public perceives forests and delve into the perspective of “silviculturists.”

Within this exploration, the concept of how we visually perceive a forest through subjective eyes becomes evident, giving rise to the notion that the forest operates as a system that requires subjective interpretation, planning, and finally management.

2 51.409 ° N -0.594 ° W

We are Living In Postcard Nature

We live in a society where simulations often hold more influence, satisfaction, and meaning than the things they are meant to represent. Media technologies play a pivotal role in our process of constructing meaning.

The concept of a viewing device is proposed as media between visitors and a waterfall, with the aim to provoke a

🇧 🇨

reconsideration of the implications for our understanding of what is ‘made’ and what is ‘born.’

This concept is presented by recording a waterfall on video and employing artificial intelligence (AI) to recreate a series of water simulations.

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Sensory Catalogue: Location: Virginia Water Duration of Capture:

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- from: 1st October 2023, 9:30 - to: 1st October 2023, 14:00

A. viewer's position B. the screen C. camera 7 Photoshop AI Generated Images 1 Picture I Took

4

RESEARCH

3 London Green Belt - Threatened Areas The Green Belt finds itself on the brink of a paradoxical situation within London. On one hand, it serves as an initiative designed to shield the city from environmental disasters and enhance air quality. On the other hand, London grapples with a surge in population and the urgent necessity to accommodate

51.586 ° N -0.049 ° W

Sensory Catalogue: By gathering, classifying, labelling and organising Location: London Green Belt Duration of capture: from: 30 October 2023, 11:01 to: 30 October 2023, 13:07

residents amidst financial constraints and the soaring cost of living, leading to unsustainable living conditions.

With ample available land in the Green Belt, the question arises: What should it be utilised for?

5

RESEARCH

4

Technology Wan NEX TN

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AGRICULTURE

From the humble stone axe to the ubiquitous mobile phone, humanity has continually ushered in a diverse array of technologies to enhance our inherent capabilities. It is nearly inconceivable to envision a world devoid of technology.

Despite our symbiotic relationship with it and our inescapable immersion in a technological landscape, we often remain relatively oblivious to the pervasive influence of technology in our lives.

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RADIO

NUCLEAR ENERGY

A P P L I E D

CO2 SCRUBBER

STEAM ENGINE

CANDLE LIGHT

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TECHNOLOGY MUST WORK AND ENHANCE HUMAN CAPABILITIES IN THE FIRST PLACE

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6

CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT A.I.ASSISTED CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT*

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CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

6

7

Creature - Animalised Machine

Transformation - Wet Scrubber

Animals frequently navigate the uncertain boundary between the imaginative and the fantastically real, driven by a certain level of unknown elements within them.

For instance, La Machine is an urban project whose aim for Nantes is to envision a distinct city from reality—one characterised by motion and imagination.

The proposal for an animalised machine

goes beyond mere mimicry of nature; it involves the transgression of the real and the imaginary to enter into myth.

Thus by observing and responding to these intricate situations through architecture, examined under the term ‘creature.’

Inventing three mystery creatures that could inhabit the interconnected regions of the Green Belt, the project introduce “CO2 scrubbers” designed to make the conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen more interactive than conventional industrial machines.

This approach aim to discuss the environment without confining ourselves to what is traditionally known as environmental architecture.

CLEAN AIR CHIMNEY MOUTH

ASPIRATION PUMP To feed the scrubber with the required polluted gas.

POLLUTTED GAS INPUT By-products from industries that are directed to the gas tank.

La machine, The Grand Elephant, Nantes, 2007

Conventional Wet Scrubber in Industry

DIFFERENTION PRESSURE SENSOR

The Aerial Creature

To check the inlet and outlet gas pressure for feedback to system work.

CREATURE NO:1

SYLVAPUREX Sylvaputex actively seeks nutrients from CO2, absorbs emissions from factories and subsequently transports these pollutants discreetly to neighbouring forests for a natural air exchange.

With wings spread, it delicately lands on a tree, forming an envelope that connects with the host tree. This connection enables the creature to release the pollutants it has collected within its inflatable body.

PALL RING The Aquatic Creature

SPRAY NOZZLES

CREATURE NO:2

Spraying the chemical solution for better disturibution.

PLUG-IN JELLY This appellation combines elements linked to the aquatic creature jellyfish, integrating technological features enabling it to connect to the living pod attached to the water bed.

FLOW CONTROL VALVES

Plug-in Jellyʼs tentacles grow towards trees to exchange nutrition for air purification, offering a unique environmental contribution.

RECIRCULATION TANK RECIRCULATION PUMP CONTROL PANEL To ensure the whole process is under control.

The Land Creature CREATURE NO:3

D-LOG Combining the features of a robotic canine and a tree log, this entity excels in information processing. Programmed to navigate the forest, D-log searches for suitable trees for Sylvapurex landings.

Its design allows it to seamlessly blend into the forest floor, providing concealment when environmental conditions become threatening.

Moreover, its body serves as a sheltered platform for other organisms, including fungi and moss, fostering a symbiotic relationship within its habitat.

8

THE FOREST GAZE

On the far right side, the A0 sized drawing respond to a site visit in the London Green Belt, incorporating three mythical creatures that bring an artificial authenticity into our immediate surroundings.

Whether its Engineered D-Log prospers by triggering human empathy, plug-in Jellies emit beautiful ambient light with intensity mirroring the pollution levels in the surroundings or Sylvapurex produces a loud sound as it flaps its wings across the forest sky.

Every small cue seems to tell us that we are currently in an era where “made” and the “born” are fusing.

But this doesn’t imply that we can dictate and fully control our fate. Instead, our connection with nature is shifting.

Creature Profiles

9

BREATHABLE Gizmologies Sense Extension via Breathing What is the volume of one human breath? Tidal volume typically ranges from 500 to 700 ml for adults during normal breathing.

Each breath is unique, subtly varying based on factors such as age, gender, health, and activity level.

The project takes a half-scientific, half-performative approach by reading human breath, interpreting data that reflects stress through rhythm and pressure, amplifying the sensory experience by a wearable ‘architecture’.

Breath necessitates an exchange in substance, making it a process involving multiple life entities rather than a singular individual.

As we live immersed in an ocean of air, with this shared experience extending beyond an individual, you are invited to explore the invisible realm connecting humans through the creation of creatures as mediators in the act of breathing.

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THE BRIEF

1 Air as Intangible Medium to Extend Human Sense

Due to privatization and excessive resource exploitation, the planet faces severe consequences, evident in the rise of greenhouse gases, air pollution, and shifts in natural habitats. Fresh air, once abundant, is now scarcity.

The project’s initiation aims to prompt a critical inquiry into how we can raise environmental awareness without relying on conventional approaches.

By staging an unconventional environmental protest in front of a construction site, it poses the question: What if, under the conditions of dwindling fresh air, the Earth’s vast interconnected system surpasses the physical and mental capacities of humans to cope with?

The challenge becomes how to consume, store, purify, or collectively share resources to respond to this pressing issue through micro connections.

This perspective prompts us to re-evaluate our relationship with the environment, shifting from a large-scale approach to viewing each individual as a part of this micro-forest component.

2 What if Human Become Part of Bio-Component

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INFLATABLE PROTOTYPE - Technical Process Arduino Circuit and Programming

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dress); if (tempC == DEVICE_DISCONNECTED_C) { Serial.println(“Error: Could not read temperature data”); return; } Serial.print(tempC); // Print Celsius temperature Serial.print(“ “); // Add a space for separation }

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// Turn On relay2 if temperature increase is 0.15 or more if (tempChangeInside >= 0.75) { // Turn On relay2 for 0.2 seconds digitalWrite(RELAY2_PIN, LOW); delay(200); // Turn Off relay2 after 0.2 seconds digitalWrite(RELAY2_PIN, HIGH); gering within the same unit relay2Triggered = true; } else {

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previousTempOutside; previousTempOutside = tempOutside;

relay1Triggered = false; } digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, LOW); // Reset the timer every 1 second (asdelay(100); suming 5 samples represent one unit) digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, HIGH); if (currentMillis - previousMillis >= // No need for an additional delay here, as it goes straight to the next part 1000) { // Turn Off relay2 if it was triggered of the code during this unit if (relay2Triggered) { digitalWrite(RELAY2_PIN, HIGH); relay1Triggered = true; relay2Triggered = false; } else if (tempChangeOutside >= 0.35 && } tempChangeOutside < 0.75) { // Only trigger the second block if // Turn Off relay1 if it was triggered tempChangeOutside is between 0.15 and 0.75 during this unit if (!relay1Triggered) { if (relay1Triggered) { // Second block of relay control digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, HIGH); digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, LOW); relay1Triggered = false; delay(200); } digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, HIGH); delay(2000); // Reset the timer digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, LOW); previousMillis = currentMillis; delay(100); } digitalWrite(RELAY1_PIN, HIGH); // No need for an additional de- } lay here, as it goes straight to the next part of the code

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3 12

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

1 PROTOTYPE - Breathable Gizmo Temperature / °C

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Temperature / °C

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Aim of this prototype is to speculate about a mysterious creature that interprets and decodes breath patterns to facilitate communication among individuals, which serves as a mediator, connecting people through breath.

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TIME / Seconds

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TIME / Seconds

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Human Subject A Human Subject B

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🇧

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. A highly precise thermal sensor integrated into a modified face-mask captures data on both the exhalation and inhalation of air.

🇧 . Sending data to Arduino

micro-controller

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. Developing a program to compute and compare multiple data sets obtained from different individuals’ readings.

🇦

🇩 . Transmitting signal to the relay

🇩

module to manage both the air pump connected to the inflatable wearable around a person’s neck.

2 “AIRPATHY” - Project Film ‘Telepathy’ is a term describing the direct communication of thoughts or feelings without using speech, writing, or other conventional methods. Inspired by this terminology, introducing “airpathy,” where breath becomes a part of telepathy, employs the same methodology to facilitate communication between individuals.

The intermediary model between two people acts as a connector, inviting individuals to become a part of its components.

This exploration aims to question the series of new behaviours that emerge in humans when introduced to something novel— a creature with an expanding sense that connects people by interpreting their breath.

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THE STAGE Unreal Engine

THE ACTION Green Screen

COLOUR BALANCE

THE CORRECTION

Comic Filter

Lighting Effect

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An Editable ZONE Type You Prompts to Design Here: _ _ ↵ Peter Eisenman favoured commencing his architectural vocation through writing. For him, words became a site for architectural creation. Nevertheless, during that period, the resources available for transferring text into images have been limited, particularly when it comes to making changes to the details.

This hindered the effective exploration of the various possibilities offered by words.

With the innovation of artificial intelligence (AI), which can generate images from prompts. And there is now a growing potential for editing design using inputs from databases.

The project aims to explore collaboration between AI And Architects with the integration of Virtual technology (AR, MX, VR) to manifest a scenario of a ‘Phygital’ (Physical and Digital) City Landscape.

14

THE BRIEF

1 London as a Collection of Urban Constellations The exploration aims to discover points along lines, optimistically puncture the familiar nodes of the city.

Viewing London as an array of urban constellations.

The exploration focuses on four thematic nodal systems: the blue plaque scheme (historical), new Elizabeth Line stations (transportation), London squares (political), and mobile phone masts (communication). Selecting individual points from each system facilitates the emergence of new constellations, revealing the technoculture space as a new city landscape.

The project originates from the study of the 3x3 Rubik’s Cube. Inspired by the processes of solving (algorithm) and scrambling (creating new constellations) Rubik’s Cube, guides the project towards the idea of a concept that scrambles the existing elements in the city to create a new urban landscape.

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PROTOTYPES

1 Viewing Device to Scramble the City View The case study from Zaha’s Planetary Architecture Two is centred on drawing and rearranging existing information to create something unexpected—an intuitive approach to assist in generating new ideas.

Inspired by this, an interface is designed to assist with idea generation. The Prototype involves a continuously rotating mirror reflecting the image on the digital screen, to overlay with the view in front through the device.

A speculative new city landscape generator is proposed, utilising the collage of mirror patterns overlaying two photos taken in the city to create a series of new and imaginative Planetary architecture two, Zaha Hadid ,1983

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

PROCESS II: II: IMAGE IMAGE SCRAMBLING SCRAMBLING PROCESS

A' A'

PROCESS PROCESS III: III: AI AI REFRAMING REFRAMING IMAGE IMAGE

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Ai Ai genarated image by Midjounry Ai genarated genarated image image by

by Midjounry Midjounry

Input'/imagine Input'/imagine %<>%https://s.mj.run/1XSCMseEN9M pavilion, garden, tile, pillar, light shadow, glass roof, sky, cloud, rail, Input'/imagine %<>%https://s.mj.run/1XSCMseEN9M %<>%https://s.mj.run/1XSCMseEN9M pavilion, pavilion, garden, garden, tile, tile, pillar, pillar, light light shadow, shadow, glass glass roof, roof, sky, sky, cloud, cloud, rail, rail,

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Mental Mental detector Mental detector detector

Latitude:51.520 Latitude:51.520 || Longitude:-0.097 Longitude:-0.097

Latitude:51.516 Latitude:51.516 || Longitude:-0.116 Longitude:-0.116

Museum Museum of of London London

Lincoln's Lincoln's Inn Inn Fields Fields

PROCESS PROCESS I: I: FOOTAGE FOOTAGE

PROCESS PROCESS II: II: SCRAMBER SCRAMBER OUTPUT OUTPUT 44 4

AN AN EDITABLE EDITABLE ZONE: ZONE: Visuality Visuality Production Production Line_01 Line_01

The The machine The machine machine

Hidden Hidden Camera Detection Hidden Camera Camera Detection Detection

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Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Dissatisfied

Feel Feel Not Feel Not Not

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16

PROTOTYPES

2 From 2D to 3D, where idea of Practice Emerge A three-dimensional viewing device, drawing inspiration from the paper’s ghost effect, projects a plane overlay onto the background.

Eight 3D printed models (1:100) are created based on images to prompt AI recognition from footage captured at the Tottenham Court Road site. These models, featuring simple structures, are housed in a drawer

and function as dynamic tiles that can be reconfigured and rendered using AI power.

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ACTIONS

PROJECT FILM - (AI)-Aided Design Practices Manifesto 2025 SCENARIO 1 THE DOMESTIC SPACE

SCENARIO 2 THE OFFICE SPACE

SCENARIO 3 MEETING WITH AI.

SCENARIO 4 BUILDING SCANNING AS INPUT FOR AI.

SCENARIO 5 OFFICE TOUR

BEGINNING

BRIEFING

BRIEFING

SUPPORTING

STORYBOARD

TIME-LINE

SNAP-SHOOTS

STORY ARC

BEDDING

AI:

Cooper:

Project Film Info:

SCRIPT

Duration: 10:04 Minuets Codecs: H.264 Dimensions: 6720 × 1260 Film Viewing Device: Three 50 inch Monitors (16:9 ) in a Horizontal Line

1:28 - 1:31 First of all, lets check if camera is working properly?

0:54 - 0:57 I am an architect, but everyone calls me a data gatherer.

1:11 - 1:17 Our purpose is clear, to locate the missing pieces within the database and breathe life into a more potent system.

0:59 - 1:02 My Job is different from the one I left behind

1:18 - 1:22 I can tell the AI industry is changing the role of architects.

1:03 -1:08 What I am required to do now is to wear my MX glasses and walk the streets based on commands AI gives me.

Cooper: 0:54 - 0:57 I am an architect, but everyone calls me a data gatherer.

0:59 - 1:02 My Job is different from the one I left behind 1:03 -1:08 What I am required to do now is to wear my MX glasses and walk the streets based on commands AI gives me.

1:11 - 1:17 Our purpose is clear, to locate the missing pieces within the database and breathe life into a more potent system.

1:18 - 1:22 I can tell the AI industry is changing the role of architects.

Cooper: 1:33 - 1:35 Yes, it's working properly.

AI: 1:36 - 3:46 That’s Good .

I am going to send you the site location, please follow the navigation I give to you.

Well come back, Mr cooper, here is the site recap today.

The first site is Westminster abbey, style motif Gothic, functionality, political , religious.

SOUND TRACK

The second is St. Prances railway station, style motif Victoria, functionality transportation.

The third ion is the Bedford sq. Style motif, Giorgio, functionality habitation.

And the last but not the lease, style motif contemporary, functionality Communication.

This time the reason way we pick up is that each of them typically represent the distinctive data we need. In a way to help me to generate 3 architecture form the prompts.

Their is huge potential for this space rearrangement, by outing them into a grid system, we can get 3674160 of combinations. This is same as all possibilities to scramble 20s Rubik’s cube.

As we can see only 4 inputs helps me to training close to 10000 plan and section for the database.

That is the end of the meeting today, and I will sent the future detail about model training you will work on later. ] Thank you for your attention, enjoy rest of your day.

Cooper: 4:04 -4:14 Thank you! So here is our Archive. The archive room collected all the information as input for the AI database.

It can be considered as the nutrition to feed a more accomplished system.

4:15 - 4:36 This first section was built when the company had just been established. The holographic image projected on my glasses is the initial concept to manifest a mixture of digital and physical contexts.

By using Rotation movement and reflections to create a complex visual exercise for AI. The pattern of the screen's reflection and the object in front reconnect the two spaces.

Cooper: 4:37 - 4:55 This image reproduction diagram shows a users guide for architects to operate the system.

Here are more technical drawings for model fabrications. And on the left is the pattern analysis through the eyepiece from the model.

The screen shows various patterns that are all set for annotations.

Let's move to the next section.

4:56 - 5:10 The shelf on the left to displace some ar components, to help study joint details.

Holographic buildin seamlessly integrat shelf. This dynamic objects to communi prompt interactions to digital information context.

5:12 - 5:25 Here, the training re the programme, wh generate 3-dimensi strive to explore AI by utilizing existing documented by cam input, to generate th data set to re-editin

SCENARIO 6 AI. TO CLIENT

SCENARIO 7 THE DESIGN FACTORY

SCENARIO 8 THE AR. SANDBOX

SCENARIO 9 THE NEW CITY LANDSCAPE OUTRO

CLIMAX THE CATALYST

THE CATALYST

THE SPECULATION EXPLAINING

t also uses holograms rchitectural p artificial intelligence

ng components are ted into the physical c integration allows icate their history, s, and provide access n related to their

esult of this section is hich we used to ional prompts. We as an aid to design site conditions mera devices as he output from these ng the city.

We picked Tottenham court road as our first editable zone.

Finally, the Physical model promotes the training of AI by humans without clear objectives or a defined end goal when it comes to moving each block.

5:27 - 5:31 Here we designed an interface for viewers to determine and qualify what AI is generating. As the computer has no form of recognising, so we visualise those data from prompts.

5:31 - 5:39 Here is our new team member, who underwent an interview conducted by the AI system.

AI:

Cooper:

5:46 - 6:20 This is our meditation room, and I play the role of the mediator here. This is a space, that serves various purposes, including conducting interviews, engaging in discussions about project expectations with contractors, and resolving any concerns or complaints they may have.

6:20 - 7:11 So here is our office working space, a space that used to be in front of the desk is now shifting to exploring by walking.

Thanks to Mixed reality and AI technology, we can easily be engaged with the material and virtual world simultaneously.

We are designed not just to respond with rationality, but by analysing speech patterns, social media activities, and personal profiles to customize our services for individual needs.

Today, I will work on these four new models just delivered on-site. The rail and platform holding the model help us to reconfigure the space sequence.

The MX glasses will render the live image captured on two sides of the camera on glasses and overlay the processed images in the format of point clouds. Tracking points calculate the users' location and white reflective painting helps AI generate the depth map. This allows the system to achieve a precise point cloud generation, which represents the physical space.

Cooper:

Cooper:

7:11 - 7:53 By engaging within the physical space, we can observe a dynamic change that converts from imagination by typing commands. Through AI, renderings can be generated by utilizing our database, allowing for a re-editing of the site. This process is referred to as "training." And the more training we have done, the more accurate and detailed the rendering output will be.

7:53 - 9:00 During the training, our focus lies primarily on observation and commentary rather than pursuing a specific objective. Each building component possesses the capability of dynamic modification, leading to an infinite number of iterations until we decide to halt the process.

Cooper: I envision a future where individuals replaced architects.

Our thoughts will be transformed into textual commands for AI. With the aid of MX glasses, as we stroll down the streets, we will witness a dynamic transformation.

9:00 - 9:49 Presently, architects can establish a framework for capturing buildings through lenses, while also constructing a comprehensive prompts database.

It is artificial intelligence, but it is evolving towards natural intelligence.

Mixed reality will transition into integration with reality itself. Our perception shapes our understanding of reality, and reality, in turn, reflects who we are. To observe the world is to have the power to edit it.

Each person will showcase their unique designs, and we will have the opportunity to collaborate on these designs with others. This convergence of design will foster a sense of unity among people, allowing them to express themselves creatively.

5:41 - 5:46 As AI shows more potential in the role of the mediator, which allows architects to focus more on the design part.

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Truss & Tree Forks In-Between high-tech and low-tech This summer programme worked with a diverse team of specialists, from tree falling to robot controlling, to re-establishes the interconnected relationship among designer, maker, and artefact, fostering a holistic and collaborative design process.

For this two-year project, I research the domain of architectural design at the intersection with physical production.

The Design methodologies blend craft knowledge, innovative technologies, and natural materials from the forest. The implementation of full-scale projects is driven by the fundamental principle of design-through-making. Through the integration of advanced tools such as 3D scanning, generative modelling, and robotic fabrication.

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TREE TRUSS WEBS - ROBOTIC FABRICATION WORKFLOW Small beach branches are embraced for their natural shapes, with the goal of maximizing the inherent beauty of the trees. Each piece undergoes an initial scanning process using Photogrammetry, and a robot then precisely cuts it to fit the truss cord.

1 Branch Selection

2 Branch Cataloguing

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Photogrammetry Scanning

Grasshopper Tool Path Making

KUKA Robot Calibration

Testing Accuracy Checking

BY-PRODUCT #1 CNC was employed to make this coffee table, utilising reclaimed plywood from discarded cutting materials.

The surface of the plywood is finished with a Wood-burning effect.

The table dimensions are 850mm in length, 500mm in width, and 500mm in height.

The overall structure of the tree folk and truss (Credit to Design and Make)

BY-PRODUCT #2 This tea table was robotically cut from waste sourced from beach stumps originally intended for building foundations.

I collaborated with my teammate throughout the design and manufacturing process.

A steel-welded cantilever was used for structural support, processes involving welding, drilling, pocketing and finishing.

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