FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING anno 1871

BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS

FACULTY OF

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING anno1871

CONTENTS 03 WELCOME YEARS OF THE FACULTY OF MECHANICAL 04 140 ENGINEERING FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 18 THE TODAY* 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 41 Department of MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Department of FLUID MECHANICS

Department of ENERGY ENGINEERING

Department of BUILDING SERVICE AND PROCESS ENGINEERING Department of MACHINE AND PRODUCT DESIGN

Department of MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Department of HYDRODYNAMIC SYSTEMS

Department of MECHATRONICS, OPTICS AND MECH. ENG. INFORMATICS Department of APPLIED MECHANICS

Department of POLYMER ENGINEERING

COOPERATION RESEARCH CENTRE FOR BIOMECHANICS

BME-AUDI HUNGARIA COOPERATIVE RESEARCH CENTRE

*The list of Departments is in the alphabetical order of their Hungarian denominations.

03

WELCOME 140 years comprise today the life of four generations. In the history of industry and engineering, this period has seen a series of changes reshaping the whole world, economy and human life. Human mind, seeking at all times new ways, has contributed to these great changes by “miracles”.

At present, countless results of engineering contribute to our close or broad environment. They seem to be so evident to us that we do not remember when these devices were conceived or who the inventor was.

We – lecturers and students of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, our scientific and industrial partners – are pleased and proud that our forerunners in mechanical engineering as well as our present staff have always made their great contributions to engineering culture.

The 140-year history of this Faculty demonstrates how important the provision of conditions for engineering education has always been. Results of our industrial and scientific partners have proven it.

We can raise the question whether we utilize properly the heritage of our predecessors: Donát Bánki, László Heller and László Gillemot. As an answer to this question, we present this brochure. Understanding the past, popularizing the achievements of our predecessors, caring for their heritage, we outline the present by showing scientific results, educational work and industrial contacts of our departments.

I think – and hope that many others share this opinion – that all this constitutes an integral part of the Research University strategy “Where to in the future, University of Technology?”.

In this Research University program, our Faculty acts as gestor in charge of the research area Sustainable Energy.

It is a complex program with a great responsibility, but an excellent chance for all of us. Let us make use of it. A 140-year history of our Faculty, one and a half centuries of education in mechanical sciences in Hungary obliges us to do so.

Budapest, 25th March 2011

Dr. Gábor Stépán Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Dean

140 YEARS OF FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ONE AND A HALF CENTURIES OF EDUCATION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AT BME

“Because there are things to remember in order to have a future”

(Lajos kossutH, 1854)

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echanical engineering and its representatives have played an important and decisive role in the cultural history of technology. It became a top priority in the industrial development of Hungary after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise in 1867.

In the Dual Monarchy as modern industry began to develop, it was the period of setting up the large-scale and mechanized industry. The most typical industries of that time were iron and metal industry, machine production, manufacturing of vehicles, then, after the turn of the century, electrical engineering and instrument production. The industrial development called for well-trained professionals.

Recognizing this need, the Minister for Religion and Education József eötvös

Ágost Canzi - Palatine Joseph (1832)

The Ganz Factory (1867)

As far as creative thinking is concerned I learned the most from Professor Donát BÁNKI... at the university.”

(Tódor (Theodore von) kármán, 1962)

(1813-1871) submitted his draft to the Parliament about “reorganization of the Royal Joseph University of Technology” on the 7th April 1870. The Parliament accepted his proposal and King Francis Joseph confirmed by his “supreme decision” the internal organizational rules of the Royal Joseph University on the 10th July 1871.

The first Rector of the university was Joseph Sztoczek (18191890). The independent University of Technology was established in 1871 with five sections*: section of engineering (corresponding to the present Faculty of Civil Engineering), Mechanical Engineering, Architecture, Chemical Engineering and Universal Section. (*Sections were equivalent to the present faculties.

Hereinafter we use the term Faculty.)

The first Dean of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering was Miksa Bielek (1833-1917). He was born in Svábócz (Švabovce) in county Szepes. He studied in Késmárk (Kežmarok), Igló (Spišská Nová Ves), Pest and at the University of Technology in Vienna. In 1864 he started his

teaching work at the predecessor of our university (established after the unification of the former Institutum GeometricoHydrotechnicum and of the Industrial School) that used the name of Royal Joseph University that time.

Miksa Bielek was later Chairman of the Section of Mechanical Engineering of the Association of Hungarian Engineers and Architects. Most of his papers on mechanical engineering were published in the Bulletin of Natural Sciences and in the Bulletin of the Association of Hungarian Engineers and Architects.

József Sztoczek

Education in mechanical engineering sciences dates back to the Industrial School where in addition to geometry, higher mathematics, natural philosophy and mechanics, machinery and machine design were taught. Between 1857 and 1862 Vince HauSzmann gave lectures in practical mechanics at the Polytechnic, while Miksa Bielek began teaching applied mechanics and machine construction in 1864.

05 Beside Miksa Bielek, Ignác HorvátH (1843-1881) from 1869 and Dezső nagy (1841-1916) from 1870 became professors of machine design.

When the Faculty was founded in 1871, only 15 students enrolled at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, but this number had risen to 131 by the academic year 1881/82, while by 1899/1900, the Faculty had 800 students.

The University of Technology – thus also the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering – began training in the academic year 1882/83 in its first independent building in the present Múzeum Boulevard (which today houses ELTE Faculty of Humanities).

In the academic year 1882/83, a new by-law was accepted for the university, and this also affected the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. The students had to pass the comprehensive exams at the end of the 4th and 8th semesters.

The subjects of the first comprehensive exam taken after the 4th semester included mathematics, mechanics, engineering physics; while after the 8th term they had to pass comprehensive exams in theoretical machinery, machine design and mechanical technology.

In engineering education including that of mechanical engineers, the needs of industry were highly considered, which is shown also by the fact that departments

Francis Joseph at the BME (1910)

The first engineering periodical in Hungarian language (1838)

Central Building of BME designed by Alajos Hauszmann

for the newly emerging fields were continuously founded and professors with considerable industrial experience were invited to head them.

Donát Bánki (1859 – 1922)

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e was born in Bakonybánk in county Komárom on the 6th June 1859. Greatest mechanical engineer of his time, Professor of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

He graduated from the Royal Joseph University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in the academic year 1880/81.

At the beginning, he worked as designer at the Machine Factory of the Hungarian Royal State Railways, then he acted as machine designer and chief engineer in the Ganz & Co. Foundry and Machine Factory for 17 years.

His first important invention was the dynamometer, rewarded by the Association of Hungarian Engineers and Architects by the Hollán Ernő Prize, then, one year later, in 1893, the same award was conferred on him for his study “Gas engine theory”.

His cooperation with the head of the machine workshop of the University of Technology, János Csonka became closer and closer.

The outstanding achievement of their joint work, submitted on the 11th February 1893, was the patent “Innovations on petrol engines” in which the principle of the carburettor was demonstrated for the first time in the world.

He became professor of this Faculty in 1898. In addition to his work as a lecturer, he founded the laboratories of thermal and hydraulic machines.

The number of major patents of Bánki is around 20, and nearly 150 papers published by him are known. He became corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1911.

In the academic years 1914/15 and 1915/16 he acted as Dean of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.

He died in Budapest on 1st August 1922.

First permanent home of the University Accordingly, the Department of Electrical Engineering was founded in 1893 with Károly zipernowSky (1853-1942) as its first professor. Now, his portrait can be seen on the Dean’s chain of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics.

The best-known invention of the „Great Triumvirate” – Ottó Titusz BlátHy (18601939), Miksa Déri (1854-1938) and Károly zipernowSky (1853-1942) – is the transformer. zipernowSky gave lectures on „electric plant equipment” and „measurements on dynamo machines and transformers”.

He illustrated his lectures with slides. He became corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1893.

He was the first engineer to obtain a diploma in mechanical engineering at the University of Technology on the 12th November 1877. He became professor of the department following considerable industrial practice – he had worked as industrial supervisor for long years. He built up the laboratory, thus improving the quality of the work of the department.

Lecturers of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering were that time also Ignác HorvátH (1843-1881) – until his early death – and Béla BreSztovSzky (18721941), founder of the Aero Sports Club of the University.

Professor of machine design Jenő cSerHáti (1855-1910) joined the Faculty after his work at the Ganz factory.

The career of Donát Bánki as a lecturer started among these great engineerprofessors.

Following a productive and successful activity in industry, Donát Bánki (1859-1922) joined the Department of Machine Design (Machine Elements and Hoisting Machines) of the University of Technology in 1898. He was a student of Ignác HorvátH, and then acted as his Assistant.

He worked in industry for State Railways Engine Works and Ganz & Co. Foundry and Machine Factory. His cooperation with János cSonka (1852-1939) – who obtained the vacant job as the head of the machine workshop at the University of Technology in 1876 – began in these years and lasted until his death.

Sándor Rejtő

The statue of Sándor rejtő (18531928) professor for the subject “Metals and Cutting” is standing in the building of the present (2011) Department of Materials Science and Engineering.

07

Károly Zipernowsky (1853 – 1942)

János Csonka in the automobile designed by him in the garden of the University (1910) In addition to his work as lecturer, Donát Bánki founded the laboratory for thermal and hydraulic machines which was equal to similar laboratories abroad at that time in terms of equipment.

contributed to the establishment of diesel engine production in Hungary (in the Hungarian Arms and Machinery Factory).

He designed the first cold storage house in Hungary.

The number of major patents of Bánki is around 20; and he published nearly 150 papers.

Kálmán kanDó also obtained his diploma in mechanical engineering at our Faculty in 1892, and Donát BÁNKI had another excellent student: György jenDraSSik in 1922.

He became corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1911. He was invited to foreign universities several times but he refused the invitation: “My patriotic obligation binds me to remain at the Budapest University of Technology and serve the cultural and economic development of my native country” – he wrote in answer to the invitation of the University in Zürich.

His educational work was continued by Miksa Herrmann (1868-1944) and Emil ScHimanek (1872-1955). Miksa Herrmann acted as Minister of Commerce between 1926 and 1929. Emil ScHimanek greatly

Gusztáv SzaBó (1879-1963) worked in the construction department of the Hungarian Railways prior to becoming staff member of the Department of Agricultural Machinery.

He played an important role in starting the tractor production in Hungary.

Founder of the Department of Machine Elements was Ödön K. jónáS (1851-1933), the first mechanical engineer Rector of the University of Technology (1905).

In engineering education, teaching subjects of natural sciences has always been top

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ember of the “Great Triumvirate”, inventor of transformer was born in Vienna in 1853. He graduated from the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of this university. His scientific interest directed him towards heavycurrent Electrical Engineering.

Károly Zipernowsky solved this problem in 1883 by developing the first self-excited AC generator, and in 1885 they presented the first working AC transformer in the world. The new electricity distribution system revolutionized electricity.

Attracting the attention of András meCHwart, he was employed at the Department of Electricity of GANZ Factory founded at that time.

Modernity of engineering training is proven by the fact that at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Technology, the Department of Electrical Engineering headed by Károly Zipernowsky was founded in 1893. He illustrated his lectures with slides. He worked as a professor at this Faculty until his retirement in 1924.

He worked on the development of lighting a first result of which was the illumination of the palace of Savings Bank in kálvin square with arc lights in 1879.

Great personalities of electricity and electrification: Edison, Siemens and Crompton did not foresee the future of alternating current, and they found that the distribution of high-voltage energy was unsolvable. The „Great Triumvirate” consisting of Ottó Titusz BlátHy, Miksa Déri and

He became corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1893. More than 40 patents are related to his name. He became president of the Hungarian Electrical Association in 1905.

He died in Budapest at the age of 90 in 1942.

Tódor Kármán

(also known as Theodore von Kármán)

(1881 – 1963)

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any schools bear his name both in Hungary and abroad, and also a Moon crater and a Mars crater are named after him.

Our university conferred the Honorary Doctor title on the worldfamous scientist of aerodynamics in 1962.

He was born in Budapest in 1881.

He obtained his diploma at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in 1902.

In 1930, he moved to Pasadena (USA) and investigated supersonic flight. In 1936, he founded a rocket research team where the first ballistic missile of the US Army was developed in the early 1950s.

He is recognized as one of pioneers of rocket science.

In 1951, he became president of AGARD, the Advisory Group for Aerospace Research & Development (NATO).

In 1963, he was the recipient of Soon he went to Göttingen the National Medal of Science University as a scholar of the bestowed by the US President.

Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

He formulated there the theory His fruitful scientific life ended in of repeating pattern of vortices 1963. called the “kármán vortex street.”

He worked as a professor of the The dormitory of our Faculty bears Aachen University of Technology his name, and the Department of Fluid Mechanics cultivates his from 1912. intellectual heritage. The Theodore During World War I. he designed von Kármán Wind Tunnel Laborathe first military helicopter (PKZ). tory is place of notable national Meanwhile he was a lecturer of our and international experiments. university.

Helicopter by Petróczy-Kármán-Zurovecz priority. Jenő HunyaDy (1838-1889) was professor of descriptive geometry in that time. The legendary mathematician Gyula kőnig (1849-1913) also taught here.

Professors of mathematics were Gusztáv raDoS (1862-1942) and József kürScHák (1864-1933).

After József Sztoczek, Kálmán Szily (1838-1924) and Mór rétHy (1848-1925) became professors of natural philosophy (physics). (The portrait of Kálmán Szily can be seen on the Dean’s chain of the Faculty of Natural Sciences.)

A fundamental condition of modern engineering education was that many lecturers with considerable industrial experience introduced students into “engineering practice”, and reforms in the curriculum supported their efforts.

When the most important reform of the curriculum came into effect from the academic year 1898/99, the subject

Machine Design was divided into several subjects: Machine Elements, Thermal Machines, Hydraulic Machines, Hoisting Machines and Dynamo Machines.

The move of the University of Technology to new premises, in connection with with large-scale constructions positively affected engineering education at the turn of 20th century. Laboratories supporting mechanical engineering education were completed. Their importance was stressed

by Rector Lajos iloSvay (1851-1936) in his opening speech to the academic year 1902 as follows: “There is an essential change in the mechanical engineering education...

The new university in Lágymányos is the third one in Europe to have a mechanical laboratory.”

The greatest scientist of aerodynamics of the 20th century, Tódor (Theodore von) kármán (1881-1963) got his diploma in mechanical engineering in 1902 and worked as a lecturer of the Faculty for

09 some years. (He was awarded with the Honorary Doctor title of this university in 1962. In our days the Theodore von kármán Wind Tunnel Laboratory operating within the Department of Fluid Mechanics, as well as the student dormitory of this Faculty bear his name.)

Economic sciences play an important role in engineering training.

The internationally recognized professor of economics, Farkas Heller (1887-1955) taught this subject group to engineering students. The portrait of Farkas Heller can be seen on the Dean’s chain of the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences.

was raised to 9 semesters. Actually, this decision of 1929 laid the foundation of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, which was actually established only 20 years later.

(1883-1959), who László vereBély participated in the electrification of the state railways in Italy together with Kálmán kanDó (1869-1931), joined the Department of Electrical Engineering of this Faculty in 1929.

His name is related to designing the national electrical network in Hungary and designing the power station in Bánhida.

Előd Abody Anderlik

After World War I., when the AustroHungarian Monarchy broke up, Hungary faced new tasks. The territorial shrinkage because of the Versailles (Trianon) Peace Treaty largely distorted the economy of the country. This affected also the education at the University of Technology, including the mechanical engineering training.

In parallel with setting up new sections, the idea of establishing the Department of Aerodynamics and Aeronautics was raised, it was then actually founded in 1934, headed first by Előd aBoDy (anDerlik) (1896-1949). (The building of the department – standing at the corner of the present sZtoCZek and Bertalan Streets – was designed by the professor of the University, Iván kotSiS (1889-1980.)

Dénes (Dennis) gáBor, who was awarded with the Nobel Prize later, started his studies at this Faculty in 1918.

(1869 – 1931)

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lectric locomotives known as “kanDó locomotives” have carried his name for decades. He was born in Budapest on the 8th July 1869.

He began his secondary school studies in the Lutheran Grammar School at Deák Square and completed them in the teacher training secondary school founded

by Mór kármán (today the school on trefort Street). (It was the first teacher training secondary school for future secondary school teachers in Europe.)

Kálmán kanDó graduated from our university with a diploma in mechanical engineering with “excellent” qualification in 1892.

In the late 1920s, several reforms with double objectives were introduced in engineering training in order to modernize education and decrease the overload of students. Demands for three up-to-date scientific fields were clearly formulated.

The Council of the University of Technology decided to organise three sections at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at its meeting on the 31st July 1929: machine design, electrical machines and agricultural machines. Study time

Kálmán Kandó

His engineering career started in France but soon became an engineer of the GANZ Factory in Budapest. He was interested in large-scale railway electrification.

Statue of Farkas Heller in BME garden

Based on his design, first mainline electrified railway, the Valtellina

line was built in 1902 being, at the same time, the first railway line of the world electrified by highvoltage alternate current.

During World War I. he acted as a General Director of the GANZ Factory.

He designed the first phasereversal electric locomotive of the world in 1923, and its serial production began soon.

Nearly 70 patents are related to Kandó’s name.

The GANZ Factory achieved outstanding results in the development and production of electric locomotives.

His death on the 13th January 1931 came during work, unexpectedly.

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n the basis of Act No. X/1934, the Palatine Joseph University of Technology and Economics came into being as the largest higher educational unit of Hungary with its 98 departments. At the university with five faculties, our Faculty began its work under the name of Faculty of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering (Section of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering).

György Jendrassik (1898-1954)

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is diesel engine developments enriched the internationally recognized vehicle production traditions of the GANZ Factory, founded in 1844.

He was born in Budapest on the 13th May 1898.

turbine with an independent combustion chamber in the world was built based on his design his design in 1938.

This successful inventor became the director-general of the factory in 1942.

The Faculty – in addition to the generation change – continued to invite experts with notable industrial experience into education.

The legendary Professor Géza pattantyúSáBraHám (1885-1956), “Uncle Patyi” for engineers of all times, stands in the same row as the previous great personalities of mechanical engineering education.

He began his studies at the Faculty Up to the beginning of World War II., of Mechanical Engineering of the 550 GanZ-JenDrassik multiple unit Joseph University of Technology trains were delivered to various in Budapest in 1916. He studied countries of the world. in Berlin with the support of Tódor In 1947, he felt forced to escape (Theodore von) kármán in 1919from Hungary. He lived in 1920, obtained his diploma in Argentina, then settled in England. mechanical engineering with the 77 patents were recorded in 20 qualification “excellent” in 1922 countries under his name. and became an engineer of the GANZ Factory.

He departed in London on the 8th February 1954.

The first GanZ-JenDrassik engines were designed in 1927 and earned His innovative work – scientific and international recognition for their industrial developing activities – inventors soon. The engines were was recognized posthumously in built into multiple unit trains.

1990 by the sZéCHenyi Prize.

Having obtained his diploma in mechanical engineering, he worked as an assistant beside Károly zipernowSky, and then enriched his knowledge during study trips abroad. Having returned home, he became Assistant Professor beside Miksa Herrmann at the Department of Machine Elements, and from 1926, he acted as a deputy lecturer for the classes Machine Elements, then Hoisting Machines.

He became professor of the Department of Machine Design III. (Hydraulic and conveying machines) in 1930, then as of 1932 the Department of Hydraulic Machines. He worked at this department until his death.

Excellent examples for his publications are his textbooks “General Introduction to Mechanical Engineering” and “Machine Operations”. The latter one was published in 14 editions.

At that time, JenDrassik was already interested in gas turbines.

The first low-performance gas

“Uncle Patyi” in the Faculty’s football team

Timetable

Among others, the career of Zénó terplán (1921-2002), Professor of the University in Miskolc, Member of the Academy of Sciences, started from his school. Géza pattantyúS-áBraHám was the first to propose the foundation of the Institute for Further Engineering Education at the Hungarian Congress of Engineers in 1931,

11 and the institute was established in 1939 as the first of its kind in Europe. Ádám muttnyánSzky (1889-1976) joined the Faculty in 1942, and using his great industrial experience, he founded the research and education of kinematics and kinetics in Hungary. His books have withstood the test of time.

Mechanical engineer Ede kunD (18841970) taught at the Academy of Economics in Debrecen and Keszthely, then in 1926 he joined the Department of Agricultural Machinery of this Faculty. He became professor in 1940, and acted as Head of Department until 1949.

vöröS (1903-1984) also started at that time, and all three of them became renowned professors later.

The successful relationships between the University of Techology and industry are illustrated by the foundation of two departments by factories in 1938, one of them being the Department of Nuclear Physics. Zoltán Bay (1900-1992) began his work at this Faculty as Head of this Department.

Tibor Szentmártony (Stachó) (18951965) began his career as a lecturer of the University of Technology beside József kürsCHák (1864-1933), and became professor of mathematics from 1937.

There were regular factory visits (e.g. Elzett Ironmongery Factory, Standard Electrical and Radio Factory, Cable and Wire Rope Factory) demonstrating active contacts to industry and providing opportunity for students to get acquainted with their future workplaces. Professor vereBély with 100 students visited the Power Station in Bánhida and the electric locomotive plant of the Hungarian State Railways in 1942.

The careers of László gillemot (19121977), József gruBer (1915-1972) and Imre

The University of Technology became entitled to confer the degree “Honorary

Géza Pattantyús-Ábrahám (1885 – 1956)

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hen in the second half of the 19th century, electricity as a new energy source appeared, engineering creativity seemed to have no limits any more. However, not everybody could feel at ease in the sophisticated world of machinery. One Hungarian engineer certainly possessed this ability: “He – Géza pattantyúsáBraHám – was one of the last great personalities of the kind of mechanical engineers feeling themselves at home everywhere in the realm of machines.”

He was born in Selmecbánya in 1885. He graduated from our university in mechanical engineering in 1907. He had outstanding teachers such as Donát Bánki and Károly Zipernowsky.

Textbook manuscript of Bánki, dedicated to Miksa Herrmann (1920)

After study trips abroad, he became teacher of this Faculty in 1909.

He remained an engineer having close contacts to industry and economy, and played an important role in the electrification of several settlements. He read lectures

in Machine Design, Hydraulic Machines and Hoisting Machines.

His “Mechanical Handbook” has been a reference book for all practicing engineers for decades.

On his proposal, the Institute of Postgraduate Engineering Education was founded as the first of its kind in Europe (1939).

He gathered all the talented students called “centipedes” at his department.

He implanted love for engineering work and made the students understand the importance of scientific work.

In the academic year 1938/39 he acted as Dean of this Faculty. The kossutH Prize was bestowed upon him in 1952. He became corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1953.

He passed away in 1956. The Doctoral School of this Faculty bears his name.

Doctor of Engineering Sciences” in 1901.

This title was awarded first in 1909.

The first mechanical engineer becoming Honorary Doctor of the University of Technology was Ottó Titusz BlátHy (18601939) in 1917. The first professor of this Faculty obtaining the title Honorary Doctor of the University was Professor Emil ScHimanek in 1941.

László Gillemot (1912-1977)

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e was born in Budapest on the 7th October 1912.

Originally, he wanted to become a mathematician. (In a math competition in the secondary school, he won the second prize while the first place went to György HaJós who became later a great mathematician.)

He enrolled the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of this university in 1930 and obtained his diploma in mechanical engineering in 1935.

He became a lecturer of his Alma Mater at the Department of Mechanical Technology and remained there for 40 years. In his doctoral thesis, submitted in 1940, he discussed X-ray examination of welding joints.

Manufacturing steel structures by welding started becoming popular that time. For his work in the field of welded bridges, the kossutH Prize was awarded to him in 1949.

In 1948, he built up the Metal Research Institute, and 1949 the Iron Research Institute.

At that time he researched the utilization of red sludge of aluminum plants and the generation of titanium from bauxite. He was the first to develop a titanium sponge that could be transformed into metallic titanium bars by a special technology in 1957.

He made a great contribution to the development of press forming technologies.

worked from its foundation in 1947 with Professor Imre vöröS as a director. Imre vörös (1903-1984) began his career at this University, Department of Machine Design IV in 1926. He acted as Dean of this Faculty in 1949/50 and Rector of the University in the period between 1950-1954. Generations of engineers studied from his textbooks.

Military operations in Budapest during World War II. inflicted huge damages to the University. Several buildings, like those of the recently completed the Department of Aerodynamics, were ruined.

Kossuth Prize was first conferred in Hungary in 1948 when it was awarded to two professors of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering László kozma and Emil ScHimanek in the year of its foundation, then to László gillemot and András lévai in 1949.

Teaching began on 3rd April 1945. (At that time Farkas Heller acted as Rector of the university and József liSka as the Dean of this Faculty.)

In 1951, professors László Heller and Imre vöröS, in 1952 Ádám muttnyánSzky and Géza pattantyúS-áBraHám received the Kossuth Prize.

Political battles of the years and decades after 1945 also affected also the University of Technolgy.

The educational reform of 1948 increased the number of students – perhaps more than justified by the economic circumstances.

Until the introduction of part-time and correspondence instruction at the Budapest University of Technology in 1951, the State Polytechnic of Technology

By the academic year 1948/49, the new specialization draft of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering was elaborated, aiming at intensifying practical training.

He was an internationally recognized scientist of material testing.

He acted as Rector of this university between 1954 and 1957.

He became full member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1965.

He departed on the 20th August 1977.

Followers of Jendrassik with Professor Brodszky (left)

13

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ased on the decree of the Presidium No. 15/1949, the Faculty of Electrical Engineering (with majors in HeavyCurrent Engineering and Low-Current Engineering) was formed to which secondand third-year students of our Faculty were admitted, so that diploma degrees were issued in electrical engineering in Hungary first in 1950. A former professor of our Faculty, József liSka (1883-1967) became the first Dean of the new Faculty.

In 1951 several new departments were established at this Faculty of Mechanical Engineering as well, including the Department of Production Engineering and the Department of Energy Management (Department of Energetics from 1966).

Then, the mechanical engineer László gillemot (1912-1977) acted as Rector of this university, who started his career as a lecturer of the University of Technology at the Department of Mechanical Technology in 1935. He was a world-famous expert of materials structure.

From the academic year 1953/54, József gruBer (1915-1972) was the Dean of this Faculty. From 1951 until death, he headed the Department of Aerodynamics, which, in 1952, was transformed into the Department of Fluid Mechanics. His major research field was analysis of flows in blade rows of turbomachines. His work set new ways in fan production in Hungary. He was the rector of this university between 1961 and 1964.

József Gruber

Training in heating, ventilation and airconditioning began in 1950, organized into a department in 1951 called Department of Building Services. The Department of Textile Technology, founded in 1948 extended the educational fields of this Faculty by a new unit called Department of Textile Technology II. At that time, the number of students of the Faculty surpassed 2000.

Professor of this Faculty was also László Heller (1902-1980) who earned international recognition for the elaboration of the principle of dry cooling and its implementation into practice (together with László forGó). The Hungarian cooling towers based on their results save the water demand of 7 million people all over the world each year.

The decree of the Presidium No. 7/1951 reorganized the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering into two faculties: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Faculty of Production Technology as of 1st August 1953.

On the basis of this decree, the idea of establishing a University of Production Technology was formulated but was rejected soon. These “two faculties” had one Dean’s Office and one Dean: Imre vöröS. The decree of the Presidium No. 31/1955 “reunited” these two faculties.

Professor Samu BorBély (1907-1984) gave lectures in Mathematics to students of this Faculty from 1955 and Gyula Strommer (1920-1995) in Descriptive Geometry. The latter served as Dean of the Faculty between 1981 and 1987 as Dean of this Faculty.

The Department of Industrial Plant Economics headed by István HarSányi (1913-1985) launched a post-graduate training in economics and management for engineers within the framework of this Faculty in the 1950s.

Samu Borbély

László Heller (1907-1980)

H

e (originally named Mór fin heat exchanger developed by sCHwartZ) was born in Nagy- László forGó (1907-1985) plays várad (Oradea) on the 6th August an important role. (Its well-known 1907. He was the pupil of the name is Heller–forGó system.) kemény Zsigmond Hungarian Royal These plants with dry cooling have State Secondary School where he been working until today in 17 obtained the General Certificate countries, saving water equivalent of Education in 1925. In 1927 to the needs of 7 million people – he enrolled the Eidgenössische mostly in regions poor in water.

Technische Hochschule in Zurich He acted as Head of Department of and obtained his diploma in Energy Management at our Faculty mechanical engineering in 1931. as of 1951. In 1954 he became He defended his doctoral thesis in corresponding member, then in his Alma Mater in 1948.

1962 full member of the Hungarian On the basis of his design, the first Academy of Sciences. high-pressure industrial thermal Students of this Faculty got power plant of Hungary, next to the acquainted with secrets of Aluminum Plant in Ajka was built thermodynamics and energy in 1940. engineering listening to his At that time he worked out the interesting lectures. He travelled cooling of power plants by air all over the world, working for without water (called Heller implementing a modern energy system). management.

Power plants are “water-intensive”, and problems related to cooling water can be avoided by using the patented system with dry cooling towers where a special slotted

His creative life enriching technological culture came to an end on the 8th November 1980.

Dénes Gábor

(also known as Dennis Gábor)

N

(1900-1979)

obel Prize winner in 1971 for “discovering the method of holography and contributing to its development”.

In 1933, he joined the lights factory Egyesült Izzó as a researcher, where he performed successful plasma light bulb experiments.

He was born in Budapest on the 5th June 1900. He obtained his GCE in the Hungarian Royal State Secondary School (in markó Street). Donát Bánki was also a pupil of this school earlier.

He worked in England from 1934, and as a lecturer of Imperial College from 1947.

He was junior chairman of the Group of Mathematics and Natural Sciences at the secondary school.

He became student of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Joseph University of Technology in 1918. His instructors included József kürsCHák, Ödön Jónás, Sándor reJtő, Ignác pfeifer and Imre sZarvasy. His knowledge of vibration theory obtained at this Faculty greatly contributed to his later scientific results.

He continued his studies at the Technische Hochschule in Berlin-Charlottenburg from 1920 and got his diploma in electrical engineering in 1924.

In 1952, he already had his complete idea about a flat TV tube – both in black-and-white and colour version. Meanwhile his interest turned to holography: “I call diffraction diagram hologram because it contains holos, i.e. everything” (1949).

In 1964, he became honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He played an active role in the implementation of the objectives of the Club of Rome.

He visited Hungary several times that time. There have been many followers of his idea “Let us invent the future!” all over the world.

Until 1956, János Miklós Beér (b. 1923) gave lectures at our Faculty. He had become an internationally recognized scientist in combustion theory and fluidised combustion technologies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US). He received the Doctor Honoris Causa title of BME in 1997. Huba őry (b.1927), the renowned researcher of aviation science, professor of Aachen University of Technology received his engineering diploma at our Faclty in 1949. Also, mechanical engineering diploma was issued by this Faculty to Ferenc pavlicS (b.1928), the designer of “Luna Rover”, the Moon-vehicle used by NASA in the Apollo mission.

In 1956, historical events took place in Hungary. This university made its unparalleled contribution to setting revolutionary examples. The meeting organized in the Aula (Ceremonial Hall) of the central building of BME in the evening of the 22nd October 1956 ignited the revolution. On the 30th October 1956, more than 500 participants in the auditorium “Aud. Max.” of the central building elected the Revolutionary Committee of the University of Technology with a professor of this Faculty, Ferenc taky as Chairman. From this Faculty, Professor László Heller, Assistants Tamás Fekete and Gábor Simay became members of the Committee.

His life ended on the 9th February 1979.

Ferenc Pavlics at our university

The Presidium abolished the Faculty of Military Engineering by its decree no. 16/1957. Many of its staff members continued teaching at other faculties of the University of Technolgy, thus also at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, among them Dezső BroDSzky (1910-1978), who headed the Department of Thermal Machines until 1972.

The Department of Precision Mechanics– Optics – headed by Nándor Bárány (18991977), Hungarian pioneer of applied optics – was founded in 1957.

In 1958, the right to confer the title “doctor of engineering” (dr. techn.) was returned to the university. In response to the increased educational load, the number of lecturers rose considerably that time, new buildings were opened like building D in 1964, laboratories were extended.

Decree No. 3/1961 comprehensively settled the issues of education: a new reform curriculum was worked out, where the number of practical classes made 50 pct of the total number of classes. Within this reform, the major Engineer-Teacher was launched at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.

A new dormitory was opened in 1966 and assigned to the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in 1969. This dormitory adopted the name of Tódor kármán in February 1990. As a major result of the mid-1960s, the industrial contacts were reopened, international contacts were also strengthened. That time, József varga (1903-1991) acted as Dean of the Faculty.

A related event was organized on 22nd October 1962, when former student and lecturer of this Faculty, the internationally renowned scientist Tódor (Theodore

15 studying at this Faculty, about 800 parttime students and more than 300 students in distant learning courses were preparing for their career in mechanical engineering.

Within the centenary celebrations – on the 13th September 1971 – the title Honorary Doctor was conferred, among others, on the renowned professor of mechanics at this Faculty, Ádám Muttnyánszky.

Luna roving vehicle (LRV) von) Kármán (1881-1963) was raised to Honorary Doctor of this university.

The scientific heritage of Tódor Kármán is cultivated now by the Department of Fluid Mechanics. The staff of the Theodore von Kármán Wind Tunnel Laboratory carries out research projects and contract work at both domestic and international levels.

The subsequent decades brought whirling processes in the Hungarian economy and industry, constituting challenges for engineering training, thus, also for education of future mechanical engineers.

In 1967, the two then existing technological universities in Budapest were united under the name of Budapest University of Technology (BME). In 1968, the major in Vehicle Engineering taught at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, and the corresponding Department of Gas Engines and Automobiles were attached to the Faculty of Transportation Engineering.

In 1971, at the time of the 100th anniversary of the independent University of Technology, almost 2000 full-time students were

As part of a modernized curriculum, computer science classes began at the Faculty in September 1971. International relations started growing. Launching a major in Mathematical Engineering in 1973 and another one in Machine Design in 1975 also originated from educational reform processes.

Later, a long term development plan of the University of Technolgy, comprising the curri­ cula of the various faculties was elaborated.

The process included the modernization of the course material, writing new textbooks and reconsidering interna­tional cooperation. The University introduced engineering courses in English for foreign students in 1984. The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering has been an active participant of these courses from the beginning. This contributed to a great extent to the international compatibility and competitiveness of mechanical engineering education in Budapest.

Pál Michelberger was elected as Rector, and Zoltán Vajna became the Dean of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. This period can be characterized as the revival of scientific and educational work and the respectful continuation of the traditions laid by the internationally recognized professors of this Faculty.

The Széchenyi Prize was granted first in 1990. The following professors of this Faculty were awarded with this highranking prize: András Lévai (1993), Zoltán Vajna (1997), Tibor Konkoly (1999), Károly Molnár (2007), János Ginsztler (2010) and Gábor Stépán (2011).

Seeking new ways, a major in Industrial Design Engineering was launched at the Faculty in 1996. Another major in Energy Engineering was started in that year. The Faculty has had scientific and educational

The Act on Education of 1985 was modified by the Act No. XXIII/1990. This opened new opportunities and brought new challenges to the university simultaneously with the change of regime in Hungary. The newly elected University Council had its meeting on the 12th November 1990, where Professor

History written by Honorary Professor Dr. József NÉMETH, CSc, PhD

Exam’s record of Dénes Gábor

cooperations with more than 80 foreign universities since the turn of the Millennium.

Research at the departments of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering serves both engineering education and technological development as demonstrated by the department profiles on the following pages.

The more than one and a half centuries of teaching mechanical engineering sciences and 140 years of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, set up at the independent University of Technology in 1871 constitute an integral part of the history of Hungarian higher education, industry and sciences. It constitutes a non-separable part of the technological development in Hungary, and through creative work of our engineers, it is integrated in the worldwide technological progress. The models of our predecessors motivate present professors, staff members and students.

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING OF BME

The Mission of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering is to preserve and extend the body of scientific knowledge and information required for coping with mechanical engineering problems in industry while contributing to the economic development of the society. This mission is realized by university-level training integrated with research in engineering science and by introducing the best students to scientific work within the PhD training.

Master courses in mechanical engineeringrelated majors and specializations are regarded as primary tasks of this Faculty.

For all this, BSc training is provided – at present in Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, Energy Engineering and Industrial and Product Design – properly preparing students for further education, for MSc then possibly to PhD training, in general, for life-long learning and continuous renewal of their knowledge.

BSc courses of this Faculty transfer knowledge and competences certified by a diploma enabling students to enter any MSc training in mechanical engineering offered in Europe or in any industrially developed regions of the world. The MSc diploma issued by this Faculty certifies knowledge recognized and preferred not only by the Hungarian industry when filling mechanical engineering vacancies, but also international companies regard it as number one Hungarian diploma in mechanical engineering. Accordingly, this Faculty invites the most talented students feeling attracted by this profession to its courses directly connected to mechanical engineering and integrating diverse

engineering fields. The goals formulated in our mission are attained in cooperation with students in an environment preserving traditional educational values of the University and sensitively following the rapid changes in science and technology.

Active training and research relationships to dominant higher educational institutions of mechanical engineering in Europe are of top priority for this Faculty. This helps MSc students and enables PhD students that they can build a network of international realtions already during the university years. The international relations comprise reception of foreign students, MSc training in particular majors open to the world, BSc and MSc courses given in English and international students exchange agreements.

Training objectives formulated in the mission of the Facutly are achieved in several steps. A traditionally strong element of training at all levels is the solid background in mathematics and interdisciplinary natural sciences necessary for mechanical engineering tasks, while

Dr. Gábor Stépán, Dean, full member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Doctoral School Géza pattantyús-áBraHám. Research field: Dynamics. Official of several international organizations; among other periodicals, member of the Editorial Board of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society for six years; Fulbright scholar at CalTech in Pasadena for a year, simonyi Engineering Prize winner.

Awarded with Széchenyi Prize in 2011.

19 laboratory work offering practical insight into major fields of mechanical engineering jobs is also essential. This foundation makes our graduated engineers innovative and they can be employed in a wide spectrum of jobs during their careers. On this basis, the scientific knowledge that is fundamental for several-decade-long professional careers of mechanical engineers is transferred, which is followed by introduction to direct practical activities in cooperation with industry ensuring the ability to interact with teams of engineers when starting work. Results of this work are positively recognized both by the industrial partners and by the engineers graduated from here.

All mechanical engineering activities of fundamental importance for the Hungarian economy are represented at this Faculty demonstrating also development trends in Europe and in the world. Our mission is to follow international trends, predict considerable and fundamental changes and implement into education. In harmony with international trends, we represent the integrating role of mechanical engineering among various fields of engineering.

opened up for industry via participation in Hungarian and international projects.

Mid-term research cooperation with companies directly interested in research, development and innovation, involvement of these companies in our long-term basic research projects, jointly setting their directions, as well as transferring the latest internationally competitive scientific knowledge and technological development trends are of the same importance for this Faculty. As a national centre of mechanical engineering knowledge, the Faculty is continuously available for industry with its professional know-how and competence to support quick and effective solutions of practical engineering problems requiring non-standard approach or deeper expertise than usual.

BSC COURSES

•• BSc in Mechanical Engineering •• BSc in Mechatronics Engineering •• BSc in Energy Engineering •• BSc in Industrial Design Engineering

MSC COURSES

The Faculty has fruitful contacts to the other engineering courses of BME; for many of which, mechanical engineering BSc degree is the entrance condition. The Faculty continues to initiate interdisciplinary training courses in a steadily changing industrial and economic environment. BSc and MSc courses in Energy Engineering, Mechatronics, Industrial and Product Design can be cited as examples of this approach.

•• MSc Mechanical Engineering •• MSc in Mechanical Engineering Modelling (in English) •• MSc in Mechatronics Engineering •• MSc in Energy Engineering •• MSc in Building Service and Process Engineering •• MSc in Industrial Design Engineering

Research at this Faculty is strongly related to current needs of the Hungarian and European industries. As part of its mission, the Faculty works on basic research fields where new perspectives can be

•• Providing PhD degree within the Géza Pattantyús-Ábrahám Doctoral School in Mechanical Engineering

PHD COURSES

www.gpk.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Dr. László DÉVÉNYI, PhD, Head of Department, Associate Professor, Vice-Dean for Finance. His research fields include metallography, heat treatment, creep, failure analysis. 120 publications, 13 out of 35 papers in periodicals with IF. Member of the Scientific Federation MTESZ, committees of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, curator of the ruBik Foundation of the Hungarian Academy of Engineering, official of the Chamber of Hungarian Engineers, board member of the kerpely Antal Doctoral School in Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Miskolc. Awards: Professors’ sZéCHenyi Scholarship, Gillemot Prize, ZielinsZky Szilárd Prize of the Chamber of Hungarian Engineers, “Excellent Lecturer of BME” based on students’ appraisal.

HERITAGE

The present department is the successor of the former Department of Mechanical Technology and Department of Electrical Materials Technology. The distinguished professors of the Department have been Sándor reJtő, Vilmos misánGyi, László Gillemot, Ferenc vasvári naGy, and those who are still active, János proHásZka, István artinGer and János GinsZtler. During these 140 years, the name and the structure of the department were modified several times, the number of teching and research staff as well as that of the students changed considerably.

Since the last change of name in 2004, it has been working under the name of Department of Materials Science and Engineering. In 2007, László Dévényi became the Head of Department after 21 years of managerial work

by János GinsZtler during whose professorship the formal separation of both educational units ceased. From the second half of 2009 onwards,all teaching and research staff have been working in the same MT building.

Some workshops and training laboratories are located in hall G. The mission of the department is since its foundation in 1889 to do training and research in materials science and technologies within all forms of education, training of engineers-specialists and PhD students. Due to the extent of this science, our work has been specialized for metals and ceramics and particularly for composites.

21 EDUCATION

The department provides high-level education from BSc to PhD. In the first semester of the BSc program we meet first the students of Mechatronics, Energy Engineering, Industrial Design Engineering (~300 persons) and Faculty of Electrical Engineering (~400 persons). We deliver lectures in Materials Engineering and in Materials Science as basic subjects. Both subjects concentrate on demonstrating connections between materials structure and properties, while within the subject Materials Engineering, the basic technologies are described.

In the second semester, we are delivering lectures to students of Mechanical Technology (~400 persons) in Materials Structure and Testing, we focus on advanced demonstration of the relationship between materials structure and their properties as well as their deeper testing. In the same semester, we train about 200 students of Engineering Management in subject Materials Engineering together with the Department of Polymer Engineering.

In the third semester about 380 students listen to our lectures about material production, major technologies and material selection strategies fundamental for engineers within the subject Metals Technology.In module Materials Technology of BSc training, first of all, theoretical foundation of the major technologies is provided together with the Department of Polymer Engineering. About 70 students choose this specialization every year.

In several specializations of MSc course, we deliver lectures in Materials Science as compulsory subject to ~180 students. Within specialization Materials Technology we provide industry-motivated high-level knowledge in major technologies and materials testing in the renewed laboratories.This department takes part also in full-time and part-time PhD training of Hungarian and foreign students. This department plays an important role also in university training conducted in foreign languages (English, German, Russian and French).

The post-graduate Welding Engineer training launched 50 years ago has its accreditation since 1993, thus, our Welding Engineer students can obtain the internationally acknowledged diploma EWE: European Welding Engineer.

RESEARCH

The main research fields include industrial materials design and testing, intentional modification of grain boundary structure of metals, fabrication of metallic foams and metalmatrix composites, development of welding technologies, production and testing of stents, failure analysis of materials exposed to stress and elaboration of life extension technologies as well as development of related material testing (microscopic, electron-microscopic, magnetic and other destructive and non-destructive) methods.

Research is done in reasonably located and well-equipped laboratories used also in training. Some examples for our equipment: scanning electron-microscope with EDS and EBSD, optical microscopes, accelerometers and universal mechanical testing machines, laser processing units, composite laboratory, welding robots and forming machines.

The Research Group for Metals Technology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences works at this department (under the leadership of full member of the Academy János Ginsztler) major research field of which (“Research of special materials for medicine, energy, vehicle and tools industries, testing their microstructural and functional properties for their technology-intensive application”) excellently fits into the research activity of this department.

The research project supported by scientific fund OTKA “Intentional modification of grain boundary structure of metals” was finished last year, “Magnetic testing of degradation processes of power plant materials” is still running as well as one of our fresh postdoc’s “Infiltration of microballoons” titled postdoc OTKA project. A new project entitled “Exploration of theoretical and experimental foundation of new facilities for manufacturing ultra-fine grained constructional steels” is also under submission. Additional means for development come from vocational training contribution, innovation and industrial agreements as well as from Research University projects.

The results are published in periodicals having impact factors and Hungarian journals as well as at international and Hungarian conferences. Several department staff members have been involved in organizing the Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering Conferences in Hungary for some years. www.att.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

FLUID MECHANICS Dr. János VAD, PhD, Associate Professor has been Head of the Department since 2009. He earned his PhD degree in 1997 in axial flow turbomachinery..

His educational and research fields include fluid mechanics, fluid machinery, flow measurement techniques, industrial ventilation, technological processes and their modelling. He has established cooperation with Hungarian, Italian, Austrian, German and British research institutions. He is a member of the Editorial Board of IMechE Journal of Power and Energy and is among the head organizers of the Conference on Modelling Fluid Flow.

HERITAGE

The predecessor of the Department of Fluid Mechanics, the Institute of Aerodynamics, was established in 1934. In 1941, the new building of the department was opened and one of the largest wind tunnels in Central Europe was put into operation and still plays a major role in aerodynamic studies, pollutant dispersion and urban climate investigations.

Under the leadership of the former heads of the department, József GruBer, Tibor sZentmártony and Tamás laJos, the department’s key areas of research have been: acoustics, atmospheric processes, environmental technology, flow control, fluid machinery, HVAC and vehicle aerodynamics.

The Tódor (Theodore von) kármán Wind Tunnel Laboratory was established, providing unparalleled measurement facilities in Central Europe. With the rise of information and computer technology, this department has made quick progress in computational fluid dynamics and computational acoustics.

23 EDUCATION

The educational assignments of the department can be sorted into three major complementary groups: theoretical and empirical considerations; computer simulation methods – supported by our computer cluster; and measurement techniques – supported by the readiness of our laboratory facilities. The department is responsible for the following subjects and subject groups, most of them also being taught in English: Aerodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Fluid Mechanical Measurement Techniques, Fluid Machinery, Building Aerodynamics, Gas Dynamics, Industrial Air Conditioning, Vehicle Aerodynamics, special subjects pertaining to environmental protection and environment technology, Air Quality Control, Engineering Meteorology, Technical Acoustics and Measurement Techniques, Large-Eddy Simulation, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Technological Processes and Modelling of Mechanical Engineering Systems, Theory and Modelling of Turbulence, Multiphase and Reactive Flow Modelling, Water Treatment, Noise Protection.

applied R+D for Hungarian and foreign industrial companies and institutions. This activity encompasses the main process industries – such as steel production, energy, food, gas purification, pharmaceutical, as well as chemical and water treatment. We also take part in research projects related to the automotive industry, thermal engineering and HVAC – within this, flow control – and atmospheric flow.

Computational fluid dynamics and within this the newer developments in large eddy simulations open up important opportunities for the department.

Computational aero-acoustics is a new research field of the department which is developing dynamically. Acoustic simulations are well supported by the Békésy György Acoustic Laboratory’s background in measurement technology.

Laboratory investigations play a key role in our research, especially, in accordance with international trends, the use of laser optical flow diagnostics.

The department is responsible for, and/or holds BSc courses in Mechanical Engineering and in Mechatronics, as well as MSc courses in Energy Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering Modelling..

Since 1999 our most important foreign research and development partner has been the world-famous Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics in Belgium, which is supported by NATO.

The department is highly involved in educating the PhD students of the Pattantyús-Ábrahám Géza Doctoral School in Mechanical Engineering, with special regard to the subprogram, Mechanical and Energy Engineering Systems and Processes.

The computational and physical (laboratory) modeling of flows for engineering purposes is an area which is intensively developing. As an international forum of the research results, the Conference on Modelling Fluid Flow (CMFF) is organized by the department every third year in Budapest with the participation of fluid technology researchers from more than 30 countries. Due to the high-quality of this event, the prestigious International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow publishes a special issue on CMFF, which presents the most outstanding contributions.

An important element applied by the department in educating engineers involves feeding back industrial expertise and applied R+D results into the practical training of engineers through industrial case studies and fieldwork, laboratory and project assignments, and by hosting a club for students interested in learning more about fluid mechanics related subjects. We have active cooperative relationships with Italian and British universities regarding student mobility.

RESEARCH

The department has traditionally always actively engaged in projects requiring expertise for consultation and

In the last few years, the average age of staff members has been approximately 35 years, which is reflected in the momentum of and ambitious work of this department team.

In the last few years, the average age of staff members has been approximately 35 years, which is reflected in the momentum of and ambitious work of this department team. www.ara.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

ENERGY ENGINEERING Dr. Gyula GRÓF, PhD, Head of Department, Associate Professor, mathematician-engineer, graduated from the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. Research fields are analysis and modelling of energy systems, theory of heat conduction, development of methods and devices for determination of thermo-physical properties. Elected official and active member of Hungarian and international scientific organizations for several years; Secretary of the Committee on Fluid and Thermal Engineering of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Hungarian National Committee of WEC. Member of the Hungarian Academy of Engineering, editor of the Hungarian periodical Energiagazdálkodás (Energy Management).

HERITAGE

The Department of Energy Engineering dates back to the Institutum Geometricum and to the subjects of power machines and energy plants taught by Ignác HorvátH and later by Ottó petZval. Miksa Bielek, followed by Emil sCHimanek delivered lectures about heat engines for 30 years from 1904. Zoltan komonDy managed the Department of Steam Engines and Refrigerators from 1946. László Heller established the Department of Energy Management in 1951 and András lévai established the Department of Power Plants in 1953. In 1978 they were merged into the Institute of Thermal and Systems Engineering, headed

by Imre sZaBó. The Department of Heat Engines was founded in 1960 and was directed by Dezső BroDsZky until 1972. It was directed by Gábor Bassa until 1989 and later by Antal penninGer. The Department of Energy was established in 1992 directed by Gergely Büki and László ráDonyi from 1996.

The Department of Energy Engineering in its present form was established in 2002. It was directed by Antal penninGer until 2008.

The mission of the Department of Energy Engineering is to define the development pathways in energy engineering and to educate students in a way that enables them to solve issues with scientific sophistication through developing responsibility for future generations.

25 EDUCATION

The department offers undergraduate programmes (BSc) in mechanical engineering, energy engineering, mechatronics and product design and postgraduate programmes (MSc) in mechanical engineering, energy engineering and mechanical modelling. It also offers research programmes (PhD) and specialized education in energy production.

The department pioneered the establishment of energy engineering education in Hungary and it has been coordinating the education programmes since. It played a key role in introducing the two-level education system as well as in establishing the BSc and MSc courses in energy engineering.

Crucial core subjects offered by the department include Engineering Thermodynamics I-II, Heat Engines, Energy Engineering I-II and Energy Supply. Besides providing solid theoretical background in core subjects, the department pays special attention to laboratory practice and measurements.

All students of mechanical engineering and energy engineering can work in a high-quality laboratory where measurements can be carried out on modern and traditional power machines and on equipment like micro-turbine, gas engine, condensing boiler, fluidization heating unit, heat pump, internal combustion engine and steam turbine. A renewable energy laboratory and a modern training local substation were added to the facility this year.

The department also prepares the students with energy engineering related knowledge in law and economy and often invites specialists to deliver lectures from the government, companies and civil societies. Students can study modern computational methods of thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid mechanics, simulation tools of energy processes and systems, symbolic mathematical and engineering software products in a new computer laboratory with 18 workstations.

The department has been a member of a Consortium of five universities for four years, as a result of a successful EU tender within the Erasmus Mundus programme (www.mastereuropeme3.org).

RESEARCH

At the Department of Energy Engineering, research is carried out in the field of systems and machinery, connected with transformation and efficient utilization of energy as well as economic, social and natural processes.

The department contributes to solving social dimensions of energy challenges through basic research, applied research and experimental development for harmonized and environmental-friendly utilization of energy, in order to provide their competitiveness and supply security.

Economic basis of research activities is provided by a wide range of industrial R+D projects and by means obtained within grants published by the scientific fund OTKA, by the research office NIH and the EU. Resources are continuously invested in the development of the laboratory.

In addition to Hungarian institutions, the department cooperates with Canadian, German, French, Portuguese, Polish and South-African universities in various fields.

Staff members of the department actively participate in scientific organizations; the editorial board of the periodical Energiagazdรกlkodรกs (Energy Management) is located in the department.

The department takes part in elaboration of background studies about social and economic aspects of energy supply, makes proposals for policy and regulation, works for leading companies of the industry on technological and economic issues related to direct and CHP generation projects. It develops solutions in a new approach for power station control. As a result of research of air pollution by energy industry, a measurement system and software for determination of pollutant dispersion have been developed.

Numerous pilot programs for utilization of renewable energy sources have been completed with the participation of the department. The water regime researches contributed to the expertise of NPP Paks to reach the level of developed countries. It carries out continuous research on the test benches in relation to the utilization of renewable fuels and to the determination of effects of fuel additives in IC engines. www.energia.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

BUILDING SERVICE AND PROCESS ENGINEERING Dr. Péter LÁNG, Doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department, Professor. Main research fields include design and modelling of countercurrent separation processes (distillation, absorption, etc.). He delivers lectures about unit operations and environmental protection in Hungarian, English and French. Visiting professor at universities INSA Lyon and INP Toulouse.

Chairman of the Section of Chemical Machinery of the Hungarian Chemical Society MKE. He acts as representative of MKE in the EFCE Committee Fluid Separations and INDEFI.

HERITAGE

The Department of Building Services and Process Engineering was established by unification of the Department of Building Service Engineering and Department of Process Engineering in 2007. The new unified department has been headed by Professor Péter lánG since 2008.

The establishment of the Department of Building Service Engineering was initiated by Professor Árpád maCskásy in 1951, and he became the first head of the department. Later on Professor József menyHárt and Professor László BánHiDi and till the unification of both departments, Professor László GarBai acted as heads of department.

Predecessor of the Department of Process Engineering, the Department of Chemical Machinery and Agricultural Industries was established in 1949 under leadership of Emil Bass. Then Associate Professor Balázs sZántay followed

by Professor Sándor sZentGyörGyi headed the Department. The Department, the name of which changed to Department of Chemical and Food Engineering and then to Department of Process Engineering, was headed by Professor Károly molnár from 1988 to the unification of both departments.

The mission of the department is to train engineers able to elaborate concepts of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) and technological machinery and processes, to model, design, operate and maintain them; carry out IT, control and safety tasks of these systems and system elements.

27 EDUCATION

The Department of Building Service and Process Engineering takes part in the education at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at all the three levels: BSc, MSc and PhD courses. In the BSc course of mechanical engineers, this department is not only responsible for the specialization Building Service Engineering but also teaches most subjects.

Lecturers of the department in the field of process engineering are responsible for several subjects of the specialization of Process Engineering. The department makes its contribution to the specialization Building Energetics within BSc course Energy Engineering, as well. The independent MSc course in Building Service Engineering and Process Engineering was launched on the initiation of the industry as of academic year 2009/2010 that admits not only BME BSc diploma holders but also engineers with BSc diploma obtained in another higher educational unit to its specialization Comfort Building Service Engineering or specialization Process Engineering. This department trains also environmental engineering students of the Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology both in BSc and MSc courses. The students can complete their theoretical knowledge by practical skills not only in laboratories of the department but also within laboratory exercises or internships at various companies (such as IMI Hungaria, LG, Grundfos, Főtáv, Geberit, Uponor, Daldrop, Richter, EGIS, MOL). Lecturers are supported in their work by demonstrators selected from excellent students preparing additional materials and/or carrying out measurements.

RESEARCH

In the field of HVAC, the accent is on comfort research, heat supply and heating systems, ventilation systems as well as gas and water supply, district heating and sewer systems. Within it, definition of requirements and technical parameters on the basis of probability theory and risk analysis is the priority research field. Research topics of the above HVAC systems are connected to system elements and issues of complex systems.

Any industry related to unit operations where material flows are transformed such as chemical industry, pharmaceutical and oil industries, environmental protection and biotechnology offer topics to research. Typical devices include separation columns, heat exchangers, mixers, tanks, pressure vessels and pipeline systems. Operations and equipment of heat and mass transfer, their construction and modelling, experimental

testing, control and instruments belong to the foundation topics.

Research University projects: •• Efficiency improvement of air conditioning systems ••Technology and equipment development for decreasing SO2 and CO2 emissions Projects of scientific fund OTKA/research office NKTH: •• Improvement of special new batch distillation processes and configurations •• Supply of comfort spaces with high-quality air •• Optimum design of new environmentfriendly batch rectification systems •• Investigation of heat and mass transfer processes during convection drying •• Research and development of new biological sewage purification equipment and technologies Typical R&D projects: •• Study of air conditioning, indoor air quality and thermal comfort of office buildings and hotels •• Study of economical development of chilled water systems •• Optimization of temperature schedule and parameters of district heating systems, mathematical modelling of heat storage •• Building physical revision of a standard building, determination of dimensioning parameters of HVAC systems •• Investigation of radiation asymmetry and impact of floor temperature causing thermal discomfort involving human subjects •• Modelling of pressure distribution caused by wind around a building or building group •• Capacity increase of a coke oven gas purification system •• Capacity increase of recovery of methanol by distillation •• Investigation of an activated carbon adsorber used for solvent recovery •• Experimental investigation of heat transfer and hydrodynamic characteristics of heat exchangers •• Development of plastic rain water container/cistern •• Pilot plant spray drying experiments host.epgep.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

MACHINE AND PRODUCT DESIGN Dr. Károly VÁRADI, Doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department, Professor, previous Vice-Dean for Scientific Issues of the Faculty. Main research fields include analysis of contact and stress condition of machined surfaces, modelling of heat generation and wear processes. More than 200 publications were presented mainly with coauthors in high-level journals and conferences. He has been participating in the work of the Committee on Mechanical Structures of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences for several years, recently he has been acting as its secretary. Member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and works in the ASME Design Education Committee. Founding member of the Doctoral School.

HERITAGE

The Department of Machine and Product Design is the successor of the previous Department of Machine Elements and Department of Agricultural Machinery. Most famous professors of the Department of Machine Elements include Miksa Bielek, Donát Bánki, Miksa Herrmann and Imre vörös. The curriculum of the major in Machine Design was worked out in 1969, and the training began in the specialization Machine Design under the leadership of József maGyar.

The most distingushed professors of Department of Agricultural Machinery formed in 1889 were Pál láZár, Gusztáv sZaBó and Imre ráZsó. Under the leadership of Professor ráZsó, agricultural mechanical engineers were trained within an independent major from 1950. From the Department of Machine Elements and Department of Agricultural Machinery, the Institute of Machine Design headed by László varGa was established 1976. As of 1990, János marosfalvi became Director of the institute making a great contribution to the introduction of education of product design engineers at BME. 1997-2008 the institute worked under leadership of Director Tibor BerCsey who established the present department headed by Károly váraDi since 2008.

The mission of the Department of Machine and Product Design at BME is to provide students with knowledge and skills in the field of machine and product design enabling them to solve their engineering tasks using a scientific approach and to the benefit of the society as well as to prepare the future engineers for their social responsibility as members of the future elite of the country.

29 EDUCATION

The department plays a significant role in the multilevel Bologna system of training mechanical engineers in BSc, MSc and PhD courses. The BSc subjects Fundamentals of Machine Design, Fundamentals of CAD and Machine Elements are compulsory for all students. Practices are held in our own well-equipped class-rooms, and for computational laboratory work, three laboratories with modern computers are available to students. Within subject Machine Elements, students carry out related measurements and simple mounting tasks in three laboratories of the department. From the 5th semester of BSc training, students can select also the specialization Machine Design where industrial design tasks are solved using the latest computer-aided design programs guided by lecturers.

Students are introduced to the fundamentals of automation technology within the FESTO pneumatics laboratory. Having obtained the BSc diploma, the best students can continue their studies in MSc courses Machine Design and Agricultural Machine Design supervised by this department.

An independent program of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering is the BSc course Industrial Design Engineering introduced in Hungary by the Department of Machine and Product Design. During the training, within the subject Integrated Product Design, the students even build the model of their designed product or equipment in the model workshop of the department each semester.

Subjects of industrial design are instructed by Munkácsy and Ferenczy prize holder lecturers. The best students can go on with their studies in an MSc course. Students graduated from this department have won the Hungarian Design Award of the Hungarian Design Council several times in the last years. Utilizing international connections of this department, some students can spend a semester at the University of Technology in Delft, Kaiserslautern or Karlsruhe. Members of this department deliver lectures not only to students of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering but also those of the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences.

RESEARCH

Research at the Department of Machine and Product Design is carried out - in harmony with education - in three fields: machine design, agricultural machine design and product design. In all the three fields there are

• basic research (e.g. scientific fund OTKA: product structure based modelling and resource-oriented optimization of design process, frictional behaviour and failure mechanisms of structural elements made of polymers, elastomers, ceramics and composites) • applied research (e.g. design ecology – theory and practice of environment-oriented design, design and development of machine elements, assemblies and machine systems) and • experimental development (such as operative program GVOP: technology and device development for decreasing climate change impacts, mechanization of technologies for production and utilization of biological raw materials and energy carriers).

After earlier research in Hungary, the department have joined the European programs (such as EU6, KRISTAL “Radical and new knowledge-based surface development for tribology and better lubrication”).

In research the department successfully co-operates with higher educational institutions and institutes of the Academy of Sciences (MTA GAB, MTA AMB, Szt. István University, University in Miskolc, University West-Hungary, University in Óbuda, College in Kecskemét, MOME) and development centres of the industry (like Knorr Bremse Hungaria Kft, Mediagnost Kft, Ratipur Kft, MEGOSZ and MEGFOSZ companies, CAD-terv Mérnöki Kft, Direct-line Kft, DESIDEA Stúdió).

The department publishes its R+D+I results in Hungarian and international journals and demonstrate them in exhibitions. Based on results of student projects, theses and diploma works, products designed by the department and built in co-operation with industrial partners have won numerous awards in Hungary and abroad in the past years.

(AGRO+MASHEXPO Innovation Prize: 2010 SX mulch seeding machine, 2011 FF2300 front loader; Hungarian Design Award 2010, anti-theft glass billets, guide light switch family; Hungarian Innovation Award 2010, 3E environment-friendly machine system (high recognition); LG HI-MACS design contest 2009 Big Bang Lamp; Formula Student 2009/2010 3rd prize) www.gt3.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Dr. Gyula MÁTYÁSI, PhD, Head of Department, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineer. His main research fields lie in manufacturing science. He has been member of the Committee on Materials Science and Technology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences for several years and he is the Chairman of the Subcommittee Manufacturing Systems. He won the Professors’ Széchenyi Scholarship, and is founding member of the Doctoral School Géza PattantyúS-ÁbrahÁm of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. He is author/co-author of numerous scientific books/papers and university textbooks.

HERITAGE

The Department of Manufacturing Science and Engineering of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) is the successor of the Department of Production Engineering founded in 1951. Its founding Department Head was Ferenc Bíró. Successors: from 1956 to 1957 Egon leCHner, from 1957 to 1970 Ferenc lettner, and between 1970-1975, István kalásZi. From 1975 to 1999 Mátyás HorvátH was acting as Head of Department, during this period new research and education fields were opened. He was followed by Gusztáv arZ until 2005. Since that time the department has been headed

by Gyula mátyási. The large factory-like laboratory of the department was opened in 1953. The activities of the Department integrate the fields of cutting processes, production planning (automation and IT), assembly, engineering measurement techniques and control engineering, design and application of manufacturing equipment, robotics and computer-integrated manufacturing.

The mission of Department of Manufacturing Science and Engineering is to provide theoretical and practical knowledge at a high level, enabling the students to participate in various manufacturing engineering activities.

To keep pace with the rapid scientific development in the fields of the departmental activities is an important aim.

31 EDUCATION

Main goals of the educational activity of this department are to teach students the most important manufacturing, assembly and measurement technological processes, traditional and modern manufacturing and assembling equipment, industrial mechatronics systems (metal-cutting machine tools, industrial robots, CNC and CAD/CAM applications), production tools, (cutting tools and devices), most modern control systems and their programming (CNC and PLC control), traditional and computational methods of production, solutions supporting planning, implementation and operation of production systems as well as production informatics.

A practice-oriented curriculum completing the theoretical foundation. In the laboratory, traditional and CNC machines, a flexible production system, measurement instruments, robotics and ultra-precision NC equipment, class-rooms equipped with computers helping education, supporting students’ scientific groups and other activities related to departmental research. In the BSc program the task of this department is to provide knowledge and skills enabling graduated engineers to recognize, understand and solve problems arising in engineering practice. In the MSc and especially in the postgraduate PhD programs the department educates students in their own scientifically founded research, to understanding, using and improving modern theoretical and practical results.

In the main subject of the department, Manufacturing, for all students of mechanical engineering, mechatronics, industrial and product design fundamentals of manufacturing engineering are taught.. This department is responsible for various BSc and MSc specializations in mechanical engineering and mechatronics. Industrial practices are parts of the curriculum and are organized with the help of and in leading Hungarian mechanical engineering companies and small and medium size enterprises. In most cases the students are writing their diploma works in these companies and so solving some of their engineering problems.

RESEARCH

The level of the economy of industrial states can be measured and also decisively influenced by the most

important production activities of their economy like advanced technology and information technology. To contribute to this and to help reaching the high industrial standards in Hungary we do research in the following fields: •• Supervision, diagnostics, optimization and adaptive control of cutting processes.

•• Ultra-precision and micro-machining, processing of nano-textured materials, machining of hard materials •• Environment-friendly mechanical engineering technologies •• Construction and production of non-circular gear-wheels •• Knowledge-based process planning, production planning and scheduling, assembly optimization •• NC technology •• Construction of manufacturing devices (measurement instruments, devices, tools) •• Measurement technology, process measurement, quality assurance •• Construction of machine tools, production systems •• Industrial robots and robot applications, service robotics, rehabilitation robotics •• Quick prototype production •• Production planning and control -- Production networks -- Computer Integrated Manufacturing -- Information technology in production -- Intelligent production processes and systems -- Digital plant The research activity is supported by four pillars: •• Basic research is carried out by the help of the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund OTKA. ••The department do applied research in co-operation with foreign and Hungarian universities, departments, industrial partners within EU-financed projects (FP5, FP6, FP7, AAL).

Also students are involved into research working in Students Scientific Groups and doing their diploma works.

Important industrial partners of the department are: GE, Knorr Bremse Hungaria Kft, ALCOA, Direct-Line, Grundfos, NCT Kft, SIEMENS Zrt., SemiLab, Mitutoyo Hungária Kft., Varinex Zrt., Excel Csepel, etc. www.manuf.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

HYDRODYNAMIC SYSTEMS Dr. György PAÁL, PhD, Head of Department, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineer, Mathematical Engineer, returned to Hungary in 2002 after a 5-year stay in England and a 10-year stay in Germany, Head of Department as of 2008. He has worked in many fields of fluid mechanics. Present major research fields include self-sustained unsteady flows and noise generated by them, as well as hemodynamic analysis of intracranial aneurisms.

Dr. PAÁL published 55 scientific papers, many of them in renowned international journals. He is an elected member of the Committee on Fluid and Thermal Engineering of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and of OTKA jury Mechanical Engineering and Metallurgy.

HERITAGE

Founded in 1899, the department was called Department of Hydraulics and Hydraulic Machines. Its first professor was Donát Bánki who is world-wide known for the theoretical elaboration of the cross-flow turbine. Bánki, the outstanding designer and inventor (carburettor, engines) died in 1922 and a new Head of Department, professor Géza pattantyús-áBraHám was appointed only in 1930 who is still the most reputed engineer-pedagogue of Hungarian engineering higher education. In addition to enriching the Hungarian engineering literature by numerous books, he extended the scientific research of the department to pneumatic transport.

The department became the Department of Hydraulic Machines in 1952.

Under the leadership of József varGa, research on cavitation became intensive, while Olivér füZy introduced the numerical computational methods. Between 1974 and 2008, László pápai, László kullmann and Gábor HalásZ headed the Department, respectively. The new name of the department is Department of Hydrodynamic Systems since 2003.

Continuing traditions of great professors, the Department of Hydrodynamic Systems cultivates both mathematical modelling and modern precise measurement techniques with the same ambition. Both education and research are carried out at the highest possible scientific and ethical level.

33 EDUCATION

In the subjects taught by the department, transfer of knowledge based on natural sciences (thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, mechanics and mathematics) is decisive.

Developing experimental skills is another important aspect of education. Great attention is paid to consequent and correct grading.

Basic subjects of BSc courses constitute a group of subjects: Introduction to Mechanical Engineering, Mechanical Operations in Chemical Industry, Analysis of Technical and Economic Data, Measurement and Signal Processing, Applied Statistics. Common feature of these subjects is to get the students to understand the fundamental engineering processes, develop a unified energy oriented approach, and introduce them into statistical methods and error estimation of measurement techniques both theoretically and practically. Total number of theoretical and practical classes in these subjects is almost the same. Most subjects are taught both in English and German.

The special subjects of the BSc courses and the MSc course constitute the other group of subjects: They include but are not limited to: Fluid Machinery and Systems, Selected Chapters of Fluid Mechanics Technology, Numerical Flow Modelling, etc.

To develop practical skills of students, the subject Individual Project was introduced in which a staff member with one or two students spends a whole semester by solving a problem requiring intensive work, independence, innovation and use of literature. At the end of the semester, the students give a presentation on the results before other students and staff of the department.

As far as possible, students select the topic of their thesis or diploma work based on their individual projects, or results of work in the Students Scientific Groups and develop this topic at an industrial company or at the Department.

In PhD courses, having an increasing importance, personal consultation and independent work have crucial significance. The PhD students join the scientific network of the world and work on current problems interesting also for leading institutions.

RESEARCH

The Department is committed to become a decisive factor in the science of fluid mechanics in Hungary.

The department is aiming to achieve this by using theoretical, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental tools.

In basic research, it is active in the following fields: • description of self-sustained flows and noise generated by them; • medical fluid dynamics, including analysis of brain aneurisms and description of arterial and venous blood flows by network computational methods; • applying optimization e.g. in generating pump schedules with minimum energy consumption; • stability analysis of hydraulic power transmission systems; • cavitation research both for single bubbles and bubble clouds; • stationary and transient computation of pipe networks for full and partially filled pipes.

The department carries out research mostly within projects of the scientific fund OTKA and international bilateral co-operations, publishing the results in international periodicals. It also actively attends international scientific conferences.

In general, the department does applied research in co-operation with its industrial partners. There are many waterworks among its clients, but it gets various commissions from a wide range of companies. These projects include operational problems of fluid machinery, carrying out stationary and transient pipe network simulations, multiphase 3D numerical flow simulations, optimization problems, design of pneumatic transport machinery, expertise in lawsuits, design tasks. For research purposes, this department continuously improves the computer facilities both in terms of hardware and of software. Instruments and measurement devices of our 900 m2 laboratory are permanently modernized. It has pump measurement stations, various pressure and volumetric flow rate transducers and flow velocity measurement devices as well as modern data processing systems. In a self-maintained workshop the department is able to design and build highly specialized measurement rigs. www.hds.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

MECHATRONICS, OPTICS AND MECH. ENG. INFORMATICS Dr. György ÁBRAHÁM, DSc, Head of Department, Professor, Petzvál Prize holder optical engineer.

His main research fields include measurement techniques of colour vision along with the measurement of optical transfer function. Chairman of the Hungarian Committee of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE), chairman of the Optical Committee of the Hungarian Standards Institution, member of the Hungarian Space Committee. He has participated in the space programs Halley and DAWN (NASA) – for his activities he was awarded by the Hungarian Government. He has more than 150 publications.

HERITAGE

The department of Mechatronics, Optics and Mechanical Engineering Informatics had several changes in its name, has undergone separations and mergers in the past 50 years. One of the predecessors of the department was a department at the Faculty of Military Engineering terminated in 1956. The Department of Precision Mechanics and Optics was founded in 1957 by the Kossuth prize holder Professor Dr. Nándor Bárány, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He was followed by Olivér petrik, Zoltán kaposvári, Attila Halmai and Dr. habil György áBraHám. Mechatronic sciences have been taught at the department since the late 1980s. The department, already under the name of Department of Mechatronics, Optics and Instrument Technology, merged with the Mechanical Engineering Informatics Department, headed by Dr. László monostori in 2007. This latter department is the legal successor of the Institute of Thermal Energy and Systems Engineering headed by Dr. Imre sZaBó and the Information Engineering Laboratory at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.

The new department headed by professor Dr. habil. György áBraHám, doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences works in its scientific fields in organic unity with its predecessors in building D, floors 4 and 5.

The department teaches and researches complex systems where mechatronics, control engineering, optics and precision mechanics are organically combined. Furthermore, the department teaches the basics of measurement and information technology for the students of the Faculty.

35 EDUCATION

The department plays a significant role in the multilevel Bologna system’s BSc, MSc and PhD programs at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. In the Mechatronics BSc program attended by the department, engineers are being to design and operate complex products and production systems with the integration of mechanical engineering, electronics and information technology.

In the BSc degree course Mechatronics, six specializations are available for the students of the department: Mechanical Modelling, Integrated Engineering, Mechatronics of Production Systems, Mechatronical Instruments, OptoMechatronics and Bio-Mechatronics. The three latter specializations are hosted by the Department. Within the MSc degree course Mechatronics students are trained in seven specializations: Mechatronics of Production Systems, Opto-Mechatronics, Vehicle Mechatronics, Bio-Mechatronics, Robotics, Precision Instruments and Integrated Engineering.

The department introduces the students to the state-ofthe-art devices of these scientific fields. Its well-equipped laboratories greatly contribute to these efforts: Robotics, Informatics, Optical Measurement, Modelling and Simulation, Vision Systems, Computer-Aided Design and Engineering, Digital Control, Mechatronical Components, Opto-Mechatronics, Control Systems, Pneumatics, Mechatronical Systems and Measurement.

Students prepare works in a considerable number for the conferences of the Scientific Student Groups at the Faculty and also at national level.

The department hosts the Mechatronics sub-program of the Doctoral School (PhD) of the Faculty. Within this subprogram, Mechatronics, Control engineering, Optics and Information engineering courses offer research topics to the most talented students graduated from MSc courses.

PhD graduates can work in industrial R+D centres and research institutes, and the best ones are invited to the department as lecturers.

RESEARCH

The department has four main research areas:

•• Mechatronics: Robotics, System and Control Engineering: Sensors and Actuators; Cognitive Telemanipulation; Human–Robot Interaction; Slide Mode Control and Time Delayed System Control •• Optics (Applied and Engineering Optics): Colour Science, Colour Vision, Colour Measurement; Computation and Measurement of Optical Transfer Function, Moiré Measurement Technology; Photometry, Radiometry and Spectroradiometry; •• Measurement, Instrumentation Technology and Precision Engineering •• Informatics: Image Processing; Computer Simulation, FEM in Mechatronics; Presentation Techniques; 3D Simulation The department participates in three projects in the Research University Program at the BME: In the field of material sciences we do research in the application of silicon elastomers in sensors, within the energy engineering area we deal with the development and measurement techniques of new light sources, and within the e-technologies program we work with 3D virtual telemanipulation.

In addition to disciplinary research activities, the department contributes to the solution of industrial R+D+I tasks. Large numbers of patents have been created during our work in this area. We have developed glasses with colour filters for the correction of colour deficiency and we have designed and created diagnostic instruments to analyze the state of individual colour vision.

The department continuously participates in the activities of the technical committees of CIE, ICVS, IEEE Industrial Electronics Society and IFAC. The most important international background to these activities is provided by the iSpace Laboratory Network coordinating research groups engaged in the research of intelligent spaces by the joint Japanese–Hungarian and joint Norwegian–Hungarian laboratories as well as space projects of NASA and ESA.

www.mogi.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

APPLIED MECHANICS Dr. Gábor STÉPÁN, full member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Head of the Doctoral School “Géza Pattantyús-Ábrah brahÁ Ám”. His research fields include stability theory of delayed systems and applications of non-linear vibrations:, machine tool vibrations, dynamics of vehicle wheels, control of robots and human balancing. The delayed dynamic model that explains the generation of phantom traffic jams, a research with considerable international attention, has been elaborated under his leadership. He is member of editorial boards of numerous international periodicals, serves also as the Deputy Chairman of the Section of Engineering Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

HERITAGE

The predecessor of the Department, the Department of Theory of Machine Design and Applied Mechanics was founded in 1867. During the next era teaching of mechanics subjects was shared by the Faculties of Mechanical Engineering and Civil Engineering. Béla BresZtovsZky headed the department from 1914 for 27 years. Between 1942 and 1959, Ádám muttnyánsZky acted as Head of Department. He restored the department after the war and reorganized the education of mechanics. In 1951 the department was split for eight years. The newly formed Department II and the re-united Department of Applied Mechanics were headed by György koZmann between 1951 and 1971. He played a significant role in establishing the post-graduate engineering education. Endre reuss, the internationally recognized founder of modern plasticity theory, co-author of the Prandtl-Reuss theory joined the Department of Applied Mechanics I in 1953. The next head of Department, Gyula BéDa (1971-1995) introduced new subjects (continuum mechanics, analytical mechanics). Since 1995 Gábor stépán has been acting as Head of Department.

Engineering Mechanics provides a scientific foundation of mechanical engineering. The department introduces students to the analysis of solid bodies, to the related computational and measurement methods necessary for practical engineering work as well as to research and development.

37 EDUCATION

The Department of Applied Mechanics takes part at all three levels (BSc, MSc and PhD) of mechanical engineers’ training in the Bologna system. In the BSc programs, the department teaches Statics, Strength of Materials, Dynamics, Vibrations and Fundamentals of Finite Element Method for Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics students, while it contributes to the education of Energy Engineering as well as Industrial and Product Design students with one subject each. We are responsible for two BSc specializations (Mechanical Engineering Development and Mechanical Engineering Modelling) and for one MSc specialization (Applied Mechanics). The department initiated, formed and has been responsible for the MSc program in Mechanical Engineering Modelling in English, popularity of which has been rapidly increasing not only among foreign but also Hungarian students in the last years. We teach 12 subjects in BSc courses and 29 subjects in MSc courses (such as Continuum Mechanics, Plasticity, Thermomechanics, Experimental Methods of Mechanics, Robot Dynamics, Nonlinear Vibrations, Machine Tool Vibrations). Within PhD training, in addition to consultation with students, staff members deliver lectures to the students of the Géza Pattantyús-Ábrahám Doctoral School in Mechanics. All basic subjects and some special ones are taught both in English and German to Hungarian and foreign students. Training is supported by a computer laboratory and a vibration measurement laboratory where students can implement their theoretical knowledge in practice.

The department has succeeded and participated in numerous educational exchange programs both in Europe and America (Erasmus, Atlantis), thus, there are foreign students in the English speaking courses every year, and our students have the opportunity to study one or two semesters abroad. We also contribute to the education of young scientists. At the Students’ Scientific Conference, the Section of Applied Mechanics is launched each year where the most talented students who are supervised by the lecturers of the department can present their research results. In addition to our experienced lecturers, 1-2 PhD students join the department each year to take part in research and education.

RESEARCH

The staff of the Department of Applied Mechanics carries out cutting-edge research in the field of solid-body mechanics. The major research topics include transient chaotic motions, stability and nonlinear vibrations of delayed dynamic systems, suspensions, wheel dynamics, parametrically excited vibrations, digitally controlled systems, robotics, robot controls, mechanisms, finite elastic-plastic deformations, theoretical and numerical analysis of constitutive equations containing geometrical and material nonlinearity, finite element methods, fatigue analysis, micro-continuum deformations, strength analysis of micro-electromechanical systems, fracture mechanics and dynamical analysis of composites.

During the past 10 years, researchers of the department have been involved in several international research projects including bilateral projects with Slovenian, Spanish, French, German and English partners. In various EU projects, we act as coordinators or principal investigators. Lecturers of the department coordinate 6 research projects financed by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA) and further 5 international research programs. Research results are published in peer reviewed periodicals of high impact factor and at high-ranking international conferences. The annual cumulated impact factor of the papers written by the staff of the department is about 20. The internationally recognized level of our research is confirmed by the fact that our departmental studies receive more than 200 independent citations registered by SCI every year.

Staff members regularly provide consultancy to industrial partners. Prominent partners of the department include: Knorr-Bremse Break Systems, Furukawa Electric Institute of Technology (FETI), Nuclear Power Station in Paks, Vértes Power Station, Bosch-Rexroth, Visteon, Olajterv/oil industry, ALCOA-KÖFÉM, Vegyterv/chemical industry, Hungarocopter, Thyssen Krupp Production Systems, WOCO Gummitech.

www.mm.bme.hu

DEPARTMENT OF

POLYMER ENGINEERING Dr. Tibor CZIGĂ NY, Doctor of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department, Professor.

Main research field: development of composite materials and technologies. More than 200 publications including 150 in foreign languages, with a cumulated impact factor of more than 100 and with more than 1000 independent citations.

Official of numerous international and Hungarian scientific organizations, editor of more periodicals, Chairman of the Association of the Manufacturers of Reinforced Plastic Materials, Secretary of the European Society for Composite Materials, Chairman of the scientific fund OTKA Jury in Mechanical Engineering and Metallurgy, Chairman of the Committee on Fibre and Composite Technology of Hungarian Academy of Sciences. School founding lecturer, until now 13 PhD students obtained PhD degree under his supervision.

HERITAGE

From 1992 the Unit has been working under the name of Department of Polymer Engineering and Textile Technology under the leadership of Tibor CZvikovsZky, changing its scientific profile considerably. Teaching and research of polymers established this way have been strengthened by Head of Department Tibor CZiGĂĄny since 2001. The ISO 9001 Quality System certificate obtained in 2002 is renewed each year after audit.

The laboratory of the unit working under the name of Department of Polymer Engineering as of 2004 was accredited by the Accreditation Board NAT, and obtained the title Strategic Research Infrastructure in 2010.

High quality in research, development and innovation is a top priority at the Department of Polymer Engineering, and this commitment is proven both by the ISO 9001:2008 Quality Control System certificate unique in Hungary and also by the accredited testing laboratory certified by the accreditation board NAT.

39 EDUCATION

The Department of Polymer Engineering participates in education at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at all levels – BSc, MSc and PhD courses – of the Bologna system and also provides further education training to industrial partners in numerous fields.

This department delivers lectures not only in Hungarian but also in English and German in polymer-related foundation subjects as compulsory basic subjects in the BSc courses for which this Faculty is responsible.

Together with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering this department is responsible for the specialization Material Technology within the BSc course of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. The students of this specialization can select from many subjects like Technology of Polymer Composites, Application Technologies of Polymers, Polymer Processing or Injection Moulding. On annual average, 30 students prepare their BSc theses and do their final exams at this department.

The independent specialization Polymer Engineering within MSc course at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering is one of the specializations attracting the largest number of students. MSc students can study special subjects meeting even higher industrial requirements including but not limited to Polymer Parts Design, Prototype Manufacturing in Plastic Industry, Polymer Processing and Machinery, Polymers and Composites in Transport Engineering or Injection Moulding Simulation.

Both BSc and MSc students can learn testing and processing technologies of raw materials in the wellequipped laboratory of the department corresponding to European standards. As a result, the number of students working in Student’s Scientific Groups based on various industrial projects is extraordinarily high, and also the implementation of their results in industry is above the average.

This department actively participates in PhD training, on annual average 12-14 PhD students work at this department, most of them are state scholars. Annually, 3-4 persons out of them obtain their PhD degree, typically, in industry-connected research fields.

RESEARCH

Research at the Department of Polymer Engineering is connected to polymer processing comprising material property definition, optimization of processing parameters, simulation and modelling of technological processes, development of new materials and design of new products.

The major current topics include recycling of polymer materials, development of processing technologies of biodegradable polymer variants, application of polymer materials in medicine, development of hybrid, nano and self-reinforced composites for special applications.

Laboratory facilities of this department are excellent even in international comparison due to continuous investments into instruments and equipment. Available material testing devices include computer-controlled state-of-the-art universal tensile testing machines, instrumented impact tester, falling weight impact tester with heat chamber, scanning electron microscope with the most modern EDS fixture, optical microscope with computer-aided evaluation system, acoustic emission measuring instrument, DMA and DSC devices, electron beam generator, heat chambers and climate chambers, MFI equipment, thermal camera and other testing equipment. The laboratory houses the following polymer processing machines: injection moulding machine, extruders, vacuum forming machines and presses, blown film extrusion and blow moulding machines, two pieces of modern equipment for rapid prototyping, reactive injection moulding machine, etc.

The department is involved in a great variety of Hungarian and international research projects (within scientific fund OTKA, Széchenyi Plan, Jedlik Ányos Program, GVOP Operative Program, EU7, etc.), fulfils numerous industrial orders and has connections to many foreign (German, French, Chinese, Indian, Mexican, South-African, Malaysian, Argentinian, etc.) universities within bilateral co-operations, leading to many development results and papers in journals with impact factor. International acknowledgement of the scientific work of this department is also mirrored by the fact that the impact factor of the Express Polymer Letters journal published by this department is 1.452 (http://www.expresspolymlett.com). www.pt.bme.hu

COOPERATION RESEARCH CENTRE FOR BIOMECHANICS

Mission of the Cooperation Research Centre for Biomechanics (BKKK) is to harmonize and improve efficiency of biomechanical research in terms of knowledge capacity and infrastructure, to serve research interests by economical utilization of equipment and to provide support to PhD program participants in the field of biomechanics.

Dr. Lajos BORBÁS, PhD, Director, Associate Professor.

Main research fields include development of various procedures of experimental mechanics and analysis of failure processes of reinforced plastics. Number of publications surpasses 180.

Sub-committee member in the Committee on Mechanical Structures of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Chairman of IMEKO TC15 Experimental Mechanics. Member of the Doctoral School of the Faculty of Transportation Engineering and editorial boards of many international scientific journals. Vice-Chairman of the Section Mechanical Engineering of the Chamber of Hungarian Engineers, Secretary General of the Scientific Society for Mechanical Engineering.

Major research fields of the Cooperation Research Centre for Biomechanics (founded 2002, first Director Prof. Dr. Imre BoJtár) of BME: • Analysis of biological systems of human and animal origin and their components • Analysis and development of human therapeutic aids, equipment, implants • Definition of material properties under diverse testing conditions • Development and elaboration of measuring procedures • Theoretical research, motion analyses.

Successful projects carried out in the independent and accredited Central Laboratory of BKKK in the field of research and development of durable and biologically integrated joint implants (operative program ECOP, Economic Comptetitiveness Operational Programme: BorBás, molnár) and spine analyses Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA: Prof. Marta KURUTZ, Member of the Academy) have led to considerable results. Research results are reported on the Hungarian Biomechanical Conference (organized

by BKKK in 2004, 2008). Top sponsors: Zoltek Zrt., Elinor Mérnökiroda, Metalelktro Kft. www.biomech.bme.hu

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BME-AUDI HUNGARIA COOPERATIVE RESEARCH CENTRE

BME-AUDI K3 is an association of knowledge, available at the faculties of mechanical engineering, mechatronics and electronics. The centre was established by relevant departments and research teams in order to satisfy the expert needs of AUDI Hungaria Motor Ltd. in the field of production technology, research and development.

Dr. Antal PENNINGER, Doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Director, Professor. Former Dean of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (2001-2008), Head of Department of Heat Engines, then Department of Energy Engineering (19892008). Vice Chairman of the Hungarian Accreditation Committee (2006-2010), former Chairman of the Section on Thermal Engineering and Fluid Mechanics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, former Secretary of the Committee on Energetics of HAS, Chairman of the Habilitation and member of the Doctoral Board of the Faculty (2001-2010) as well as Senior Member of the Doctoral School. Main research fields include combustion stability and energy-related biomass utilization. Major awards: For Excellent Work, Ipoly polyII Arnold Prize, József Nádor Medal, ZIel elIIns nsZ ZkI Szilárd Prize.

The cooperation BME – AUDI Hungaria Motor Ltd. (AHM) has been developing since 2002. The original objective was to practically utilize the industrial project results from engine research in university training and PhD courses as well as to mutually exchange experience and know-how, coordination of research and organization of training programs.

In order to improve and simplify cooperation efficiency and integrate it into the structure of BME, the Cooperative Research Centre was established as the legal successor of the former Institute in January 2010. BMEAUDI K3 has been formed between the university and AHM for covering technological as well as R+D and expert needs, allowing optimum use of the scientific potential available at the university. The cooperating departments originate from the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences and Faculty of Transportation Engineering.

www.bme-audi-k3.hu

IMPRESSUM

BROCHURE COMPILED BY Responsible publisher Dr. Gábor Stépán

Edited by Miklós Fazekas

History by Dr. József Németh

Photos and reproduction work János Philip

Design by Balázs Vidovics

Translated by Szarvasné Molnár Ágnes

Design and page layout by Dániel Gizella

Publisher Budapest University of Technology and Economics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Dean’s Office

Proofreading Dr. György Paál Printed by Firefly Outdoor Media www.gpk.bme.hu

We thank herewith the Departments of the Faculty for their helpful co-operation.

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DOCTORES HONORIS CAUSA - HONORARY DOCTORS FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 1917 1922

1941

1962

1964

Ottó Titusz Co-inventor of the transformer Bláthy Kálmán Kandó Inventor of the phase-reversal electric locomotive, pioneer of railway electrification in Europe (Valtellina line), erstwhile student of this Faculty Emil SchimaneK He played an important role in starting diesel engine production in Hungary, professor of this Faculty

1986

Huba Őry Professor of the RWTH Aachen University, Germany 1987 1989

István aczél Professor of the Vienna University of Technology, Austria FleSch, Professor of the Fridericana Karl-Otto University Karlsruhe, Germany

József liSKa Erstwhile professor of this Faculty, first Dean of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering

1967

Pál Henrik Professor of the Pennsylvania Schweitzer State University, USA

1971

troger, Hans Professor of the Vienna University of Technology, Austria 1990

1991

Károly Pál Honorary Professor of this KovácS University

gräBner, Peter Professor of the Dresden University of Technology Friedrich List, Germany Károly Simonyi Professor of this University András lévai Professor of this Faculty

hecKman, Carl Professor of the Otto von Guericke Justus University of Magdeburg, Germany

alBring, Werner Professor of the Dresden University of Technology, Germany

Ádám Professor of this Faculty muttynyánSzKy 1982

Elemér rácz Professor of this Faculty

István Pálócz Professor of the Polytechnic Institute of New York University

BoltinSKy, Professor of the Institute of Vasili Nikolaevich Agricultural Mechanization and Electrification in Moscow

Kálmán JuháSz Professor of the Pennsylvania State University, USA

lange, Kurt Professor of the University of Stuttgart, Germany

István JuháSz Scientific advisor, USA

Tódor Internationally renowned scientist (Theodore von) of aerodynamics graduated from Kármán this Faculty

1965

György Sándor Professor of the University of Florida, USA

György Professor of the ETH Zurich, gyarmathy Switzerland 1997

János Miklós Professor of the Harvard Beér University, USA

1998

József BálintFy Professor of the University of Massachusetts, USA

2006

Jürgen ziereP Professor of TU Berlin, Germany

2008

György haller Professor of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA

2009

Imre horváth Professor of the Delft University of Technology, Netherlands

2010

Stephen John Professor of the University of hogan Bristol, England

2011

László KiSS Erstwhile professor of this Faculty, professor of University of Québec at Chicoutimi, Canada