Architectural Thesis - International Cruise Terminal

600 m

SITE LEVEL - MASTER PLAN & CONTEXT Cruise berth - 2

Cruise berth - 1

Key Plan

120 m

SITE ENTRANCE

Tow ard s Ba llar d Es tate

Ballard Estate

500 m

S I T E C O N T E X T.

PARKING – • Cars: 150 – 200 • 2 Wheelers: 40-50 On-site Service yard – • Waste collection zone • DG pit • Electrical/ Transformer yard

• •

Public access –

Terminal Experience zone

Main Terminal Building • Specialty Restaurants, Shopping, Recreational Floor

Waterfront Green Roof / Viewing Platform

• Landscaped walkways Green roof • Public access - ramp

Waterfront viewing deck/platform.

Landscaped seating spaces, Stalls, Green walkways

• Cafeteria / Coffee shop • Semi-Public gift shop -cafe • Taxi/ Bus Pick & drop Services

Taxi Drop off / Roundabout point Ground Crew Drop off

SITE AREA Private work Cafeteria and lounge Ground crew entry / Security

• •

13.8 Acres 55,930 Sqm

Site Dimensions • 600m x 120m x 500m x 200m Pier Depth • 10m from Ground level

SECOND - LEVEL CONNECTING NODES USER HOTSPOTS / COLLECTIVE JUNCTIONS –

PUBLIC INCLUSIVITY

Spatial Character Understanding the spatial character of the historic district is a key factor in the documentation of the surrounding context of – people, occupations, activities, behavior etc.

1. Public access - Speiality Restaurants - (2 no.s) 2. Water front viewing platforms 3. Roof top access green terrace 4. Staff | Admin office spaces 5. Port authority offices, Security dept, 6. Cruise control tower 7. Techinical and hospitality management spaces.

FIRST - LEVEL 1. Transit Loby - Boarding/ Deboarding Loby 2. Waiting lounges / Restaurants 3. Duty free stores 4. Vip Lounges (Exclusives) 5. Cafeteria | Kitchens | Staff areas 6. Green Roofs, 2nd lvl entry

GROUND LEVEL 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

6.

MASTER PLAN

Scale – 1 : 500

Entrance Loby Security Check points Public Access cafeterias Baggage corrousle Terminal park (Public) Ground crew Lounge Check- in Lounge Security screening / immigration Customs office spaces

" THE PORT OF CALL, A HERITAGE SPRAWL "

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJB SAP | SEM - 10 | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN THESIS - 2023

Ground Level - Layout Plan

Key Plan

sta te

Area statement –

alla

rd E

Public Access – Cafes /stores -

Tow ard

sB

• • •

Coffee shops/ lounges Garden front Restaurants Speciality Restaurants – Entry lobby

Taxi/ Bus Parking zone

• • •

Cafeterias, Green pathways, Waterfront viewing points

SITE SECTION - A A’

•

Queuing – Check-in • Car/ bike Rentals • City Tour guide • Baggage drop • Baggage lost & found • Check-in, waiting Lounge

Duty-free stores -

Pick up & Drop-off point

Indira dry dock entry

Souvenir shops Liquor store Tuck Shops/ Coffee Shops

Site Parking

• • • • • • • • •

COUNTERS –

Entry Vestibules ID Screening check points

Private Access – Cafes /stores

Security screening booths Baggage Drop Customs – screening Immigration booths Baggage halls Body/bag screening area Customs strong rooms.

Conveyer belt paths Baggage pick up hall

• •

Public Cafeterias / Lounge

Coffee shops/ lounges Employee Check-in, Security

• •

13.8 Acres 55,930 Sqm

Site Dimensions • 600m x 120m x 500m x 200m Pier Depth • 10m from Ground level

Duty-free stores •

•

Indian Navy Base

Green decks / Viewing platforms

SITE AREA -

Check-in Services –

Entrance Lobby –

Passenger Drop off entrance plaza –

Souvenir shops • Liquor store Tuck Shops/ Coffee Shops

Main Terminal Floors

Control tower / Office spaces Port authority

+60 m

+30 m +24 m +18 m +9 m +5 m

The dynamic ascend

A Tower representing the character of a lighthouse.

LAYERED DIFFERENCE – inclined central floor creates cooler profiles on the ground plane

Linear Connectivity

Master planning process Cantelivered Shading

8.

LAYOUT PLAN

Scale – 1 : 500

Terminal Green Interactive terraces

" THE PORT OF CALL, A HERITAGE SPRAWL "

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJB SAP | SEM - 10 | ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN THESIS - 2023

"THE PORT OF CALL, A HERITAGE SPRAWL" Is an International Cruise Terminal, Connecting a Historic District to modern Transit Solutions.

ABSTRACT "Bridging the Gap between the Cultural Heritage and Architecture" – is about connecting the heritage of the precinct and focusing on methods to achieve the intangible connection as a design center, by capturing the essence of the heritage district in the newer design which poses a major challenge.

This is something to look into, to cater to the importance of the place and conserve the natural landscape and marine life of the region.

The FOCUS is mainly on understanding the culture and heritage of Ballard Estate, Mumbai, and how the lost intangible value can be conserved while also respecting the tangible aspects.

The FUNDAMENTAL is to identify/Define the method to connect the newer architecture to the historic precinct, by – (IDENTIFYING THE KEY ELEMENT OF CONNECTION BETWEEN THE EXISTING HISTORIC ELEMENTS TO CONTEMPORARY, MODERN DESIGN PRINCIPLES)

OBJECTIVE – • • • •

Identifying the key elements of the place – (the character of the existing site surroundings, the origins of the district, Tangible vs intangible essence) Reaching out to the roots of the location to re-create the lost essence, restoring its character in a modern approach.

Surveying the quantities, characteristics, and features, of the existing site and surrounding context.

Re-imagining the place in the form of a conceptual abstract thought.

SCOPE • • • •

The main aim leading to the re-developing and expansion of the existing main facility.

Re-creating the existing cruise terminal capturing the essence of the place and creating a space connecting the people to the place.

Scope for public interactive spaces, and functions that regenerate the existing life of the port area.

Scope for waterfront development, linking the common masses into an inclusive space.

LIMITATIONS – • • • •

1.

Creating an extension of the port in consideration of the heritage laws and coastal regulations along the existing sire area.

The large amounts of floating population and leading numbers in water traffic (docking spaces), lead to a challenge in managing the space.

Space used in limited months of the year. To create spaces that engage its users throughout the year.

Lack of modernized technology and services tackled by introducing automated systems and newer technology.

INTRODUCTION

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Ballard Estate designed by George Wittet, a commercial quarter in South Bombay, is a picturesque ode to London in India. It houses the neo-classical architecture of a bygone time with remnants of open spaces in the form of gated alleys leading to courtyards trapped in between buildings. These spaces are now mostly inaccessible and derelict in nature.

With a cluster of buildings functioning as commercial or government buildings and office spaces.

INDIRA DOCK – COMMERCIAL PORT DOCKYARD

THE SIGHT OF SHIPS DOCKING EVERY MORNING THE HERITAGE DISTRICT

A mixture of modern and heritage characteristics has formed a secluded business district capital operating for the city of Mumbai.

Which blends in and is hidden behind the walls and fences of the rising port boundaries.

NEO-CLASSICAL BUILDINGS, AND OLD CAFES

DOCK - GATES

BALLARD ESTATE MODERN TRANSIT 94 – HISTORIC ART DECO STRUCTURES

BALLARD

PIER

CONNECTING THE HISTORIC PRECINCT TO THE PORT EDGES. LINGUISTICS

ENHANCING THE LIFE OF THE COASTAL CORRIDOR

HISTO RY

AN ENTRY TO THE CITY OF TRADE AND COMMERCE

GATEWAY OF INDIA

ECONOMICS

PEOPLE

RICH IN HERITAGE

LANDMARK STRUCTURES FERRY TOURISM

2.

PROLOUGE

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Ballard Estate

Naval dock yard

SITE Terminal

Cruise traffic control tower

Docking process and functionality • Ship berthing procedure • Loading and unloading • Passenger boarding and passenger deboarding and gangway setup (Warf management/apron) CRUISE TRAFFIC CONTROL

SECURITY – ARRIVAL

BALLARD PIER

Mumbai International Cruise Terminal – India - 2000 Architects – Foster + Partners (5000 m2 ( 10,000 acres)

Shop/cafe s

Atrium Washroo ms / core

Garden 1

BERTH

Series of interconnected functions, interdependent – such as immigration and customs screening of passengers.

Zoning and proximity of particular functions and the security requirements

Atrium Washroo ms / core

Central lawn, plaza Viewing deck

Kai Tak Cruise Terminal – Hong Kong - 2014 Architects – Foster + Partners (184,000 m2 (1,980,000 sq ft)

The LINEAR DIVISION of Spatial arrangement is an emphasis on the design.

The design is flexible, incorporating spaces that are suitable for alternative functions and enabling the building to be used all year round, fully utilizing ‘downtime’.

REFERENCES

Linear accessibility Multiple vertical service cores connecting people to multiple levels at frequent intervals along the length of the building.

Shop/cafe South s terrace

Garden 2

Massing breaks created with open-height ceilings/ atriums.

Shop/cafe s

GREEN TERRACE as a major secondary function – Integrating public access activities, Restaurants, and terminal park – a community space with retail and leisure facilities.

Drive in- multilevel parking

3.

aDEPARTURE

CRUISE BERTH

10 m

North Terrace

Indira Dock

GOODS ENTRY

RED Channel screening GREEN Channel screening

Connectin g atriums

& cargo Berthing

Passenger hall / lounges

Central atrium/ Connecting lifts

Baggage hall

Passenger hall

Passenger Pick up entry

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Accessibility

• CST – CHATRAPATI SHI VAG I TI RM I NU S Railway station - 1.2 km • Gateway of India – (Apollo Bandar) – 2.2 km • Ballard estate Bus stop - 150 m / 200 m • Taxi points - 50 m / 100 m

Street character

• Architecture Style – Neo-Classical, Victorian Public Semi-public Commercial activities Port / Industrial

Vessel movement – Ship/ Cargo, Ferry, Cruise • • • •

PORT – Heavy Vehicle movement

Heavy traffic movement / Per day Loading/ unloading Trucks - 20 Trucks Cranes/earth movers - 2 Transit busses and Minivans/ cars - 30-40 Road width – Primary streets 15m, secondary streets – 10m.

Site circulation - edge conditions

BALLARD PIER

Vessel traffic movement / Per day Cargo vessels – 10- 15/Per day Cruise-vessels – 2/ Per week Pier depth – 5m, 6m

• • • • •

CRUISE BERTH

NAVAL BASE

Mean Sea Level. – Monsoon rise (12hr Period) Highest High Water recorded. + 5.39 m.

Mean High Water Spring Tides. + 4.42 m.

Mean Low Water Spring Tides. + 0.76 m Highest low Water recorded + 2.74 m

Cruise berth CRUISE TERMINAL - SITE

Indian Naval base

EXISTING EDGE CONDITIONS – • Hard edge – Naval base wall – 500m • Open edge – Arabian sea, Cross island reef • Parking, Terminal building, CTC – Cruise traffic control tower

4.

SITE ANALYSIS

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

International Tourists

Public Access | Inclusivity

Security

User control | Back street Character

Elderly | impaired

``` Users flow - offices, street vendors, port authorities Heritage Character of the precinct. 94 Neo-Classical buildings International Tourists

Commercial activity flow | user interaction

Employees | Ground staff | Crew

Heritage walkway

The terminal being empty majorly has no people involved.

Maybe the new facility will bring life into the space

Central streets – Street food | Commercial activity

- Outpost Guard

0% 45%

55%

TOILET RATIO

Indian Naval base

GENTS TOILET

45

33

LADIES TOILET

5. USER ANALYSIS & STANDARDS

66

90

0

GENTS TOILET WASH BASIN

W.C

URINAL

LADIES TOILET WASH BASIN

W.C

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

KARFULE PETROL PUMP

CRUISE TRAFFIC CONTROL DRY DOCK AND GOOD STORAGE

CRUISE BERTH

CARGO BERTH TERMINAL BUILDING

10 m

EAST – WENT ELEVATION - POINT C PORT WALL

BALLARD PIER SECTION – POINT-D NARCOTICS CENTRAL BUREAU NCB

HOTEL GRAND HOTEL GRAND LODGE BOMBAY COFFEE HOUSE

KARFULE PETROL PUMP

SOUTH ELEVATION – POINT B

RESEARCH/SPECIAL TOPIC – The special topic of research will be– the ‘INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE’ – on How? To Re-create, extend, and UNDERSTAND THE INTANGIBLE ASPECTS of the space.

INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE – The heritage of the place is more than monuments/buildings, it is a form of representation of the non–physical elements, including traditions, preserved styles, and other tangible aspects.

SITE ENTRANCE GATE – ALAXENDRA BUNDER

VISUAL CHARACTER TOWARDS SITE

ALEXANDRA DOCK

Forms of heritage whose essence cannot be stored in a physical form/touched.

SECURITY / OFFICIAL ENTRY

Safeguarding the Intangible cultural heritage (ich) as a special topic and field of research understanding the intangible culture and history.

(UNESCO recognizes a set of 94 buildings in Victorian and art-deco styles as a heritage site in Mumbai) Utilizing tourism as a major source of activity to support the historic district and preserve the existing intangible heritage and its culture.

MUMBAI PORT AUTHORITY PORT HOUSE

GREEN GATE ENTRY - ALEXANDRA DOCK

MACKINNON MACKENZIE & CO LAKSHMI BUILDING HAMILTON HOUSE

5a.

SPECIAL TOIPC

BALLARD PIER BUS STOP

BANK OF BARODA HO

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Optimizing the views of the ocean - waterfront development

Directional quality Nodes defining the character of the urban fabric

Highlighting the architectural features Positioning of the structures with ease of visibility

Public Engaging Dynamism

Orientating the shorter face to harsh sunlight

Core transition spaces

Layers signifying the change in functionality

A hint of the existing character

Linear Symmetry

Layered Differences – inclined terminal creates cooler profiles on the longer edges

A seamless flow along the coastal fabric - signifies the rise in the trade history of the city

The dynamic ascend signifies the architectural character of the district as an abstract form of the archways A dynamic formation integrated with green terraces and waterfront transparent spaces – creates a permeable terminal interactive with its natural surroundings and marine life.

A Responsive form to optimize the wind direction Passively cooling down the space - Reducing the solar heat gain (Shielding the core functional spaces) Reduces the cooling loads/ Energy loads

Triple layered diagrid formwork to captivate the incident heat transferred from the exteriors

5b.

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

1st Floor Plan – Main Terminal Transit Floor Area statement – Pedestrian Green walkway

Cruise ship -2 ( Berth – 2 ) • •

Public access green terraces

• • •

General waiting lounge Cafeteria / Dining spaces Kitchen / Mini restaurant kitchen Storage spaces (cold/dry) Staff collab spaces

• •

Vestibule entry Ship boarding gangway/ Jet bridges

•

Washrooms - Mothers Room - Disabled washrooms

Duty-Free shops

VIP Lounge – Waterfront - Deck Cruise ship - 1 ( Berth – 1 ) • • •

Duty-Free shops

• •

Key Plan -

FLOOR PLANS Scale 1:3000

Kitchen / Mini restaurant kitchen Storage spaces (cold/dry) Staff collab spaces

• •

Vestibule entry Ship boarding gangway/ Jet bridges

•

Washrooms - Mothers Room - Disabled washrooms

• •

Employee arrival, Doctors/ Medical rooms.

Resting rooms Access control gates

• •

9a.

General waiting lounge Cafeteria / Dining spaces

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

2nd Floor Plan – Public Recreational Floor Area statement –

Green roof / Deck

Waterfront viewing – Open cafe

Specialty Restaurant Café.

`

Waterfront Green Terrace / Theatre

Mezzanine level -3 +13 m

Mezzanine level -3 +17 m Specialty Restaurant Café.

Port offices / Admin office spaces

Security / Terminal manager spaces

Key Plan -

Mezzanine level -3 +21 m Surveillance rooms Security store Mezzanine level -3 +25 m Control Tower

9b.

FLOOR PLANS Scale 1:3000

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Polycarbonate Glass Facade Glazing - curtain wall systems | Pannel systems Building envelopes that optimizes daylight and solar heat gain. It facilitates variable light transmission to achieve better luminous efficacy not withstanding the varying angles of the sun.

The strategically placed opaque angular louvers create diagonal light-ducts that control the amount and quality of diffused daylight.

Panel Composition.

Polycarbonate panels as a Façade material for the southwest side – controlling the solar heat gain into the terminal

- solar heat control designed angular reflectors PANEL WIDTHS RANGE - 600 MM - 1220 MM ( Multi-Layer Grid )

Cross-Sectional Detail - Panel Fixtures

Cruise Boarding Gangway

Multi –Level Office spaces / Public Restaurants

Leisure cruise berth

Entrance Plaza / Taxi Pick up services

Naval base dock

+34 m +17 m +13 m +9 m +5 m +0 m

BLOCK SECTION –A’ A

Security Outpost

Admin / Cruise security offices

Specialty Restaurants Central Terminal

Waterfront Green Roof

BLOCK SECTION –A’ A

Specialty Restaurant

Terminal Waiting lounges / VIP Lounges

Viewing Deck/ Platforms Green roofs

Public access Cafeterias

Walkable Green Roof

BLOCK SECTION –A’ A

10.

SECTION

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

+60 m +34 m +17 m +9 m +5 m

+0 m

ELEVATION – CONTROL TOWER – A

+60 m

+21 m +17 m

ELEVATION – CITY SIDE – B

300 m

+60 m

+34 m

ELEVATION – SEASIDE – C

City side Façade view - Illuminated

Terminal Entry -

Berthing side Façade view - Illuminated polycarbonate facade

Terminall Park | Deck

11.

ELEVATION

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Total Incident Radiation on the site – recorded in the peak seasons (March - June)

• Average daily radiation received from sunlight in Mumbai during the summer months of April and May is around 200-250 W/m². (Corresponds to approximately 2.4-3.0 kWh per square meter.)

• Glazing: • The incident radiation data can be utilized to estimate the quantity and kind of glazing used in the building. For instance, high-performance glazing with a low solar heat gain coefficient may be necessary in regions of the terminal that receive a lot of direct sunlight in order to reduce solar heat gain and glare.

Double glazed facades, • Polycarbonate as a façade material results to lesser heat gain for the entire terminal also diffusing the direct glare into waiting spaces.

• Sun hours affecting the massing which affects the southern point of the pier.

• Through spaces that gradually shade the surrounding footprint along the setting sun.

• Energy-efficient Lighting:

Control tower taking in maximum radiation casting a shadow on terminal structure

For areas where natural light is limited, use energyefficient lighting fixtures such as LED lights to reduce energy consumption.

Total sun hours on the site – recorded in the peak seasons (March - June)

Utilize daylighting techniques such as - light tubes, and angular Louvers to direct natural light into the building, reducing the need for artificial lighting.

Mumbai's typical wind speed between 5 and 6 m/s in the spring and summer.

Utilizing the windward sides streamlined to soak in the north light to keep spaces illuminated throughout the day, in all the seasons of a year.

12. CLIMATE ANALYSIS/SIMULATION

Annual Wind Direction - NW -- SE

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Concrete Encased Steel - Columns

Structural systems

5m

4m

3m 50 - 75 mm Wooden MDF Louverd paneling

100 -150 mm Skirting on Anti skid Vetrified tiling.

Composite Steel I Section

2000 mm

1000 mm

Load Bearing properties - on types of imposed load •

700 mm Dia, Raduis - 350mm

Composite I section - Column (plan)

The steel provides the primary structural support, while the concrete acts as a fireproofing material and helps to resist lateral loads.

Wide angled columns capitals to support longer spans with an aesthetic coated outer layer

Facade systems The diagrid formation enables the form to take a sharp ascend connecting the node junctions till the top most point of the roof structure

Connecting Nodes glass reinforced concrete finish

DIAGRID STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS Diagrid allows the dynamic form to span larger distances Connecting the Frames with interlocking nodes in integration with - Composite Steel & Concrete Columns and beam sections

Diagrid Framework finished with Glass Reinforced Concrete Panels (GRC)

Diagrid Steel framework GRC pannels interior finish

Triple layerd insulation

DiaGrid systems creates easier curved profiles for a parametric facade shape to flow through.

Enabling the structure to have large undisturbed spans without intermediate supports / Columns

13.

DETAILS

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Dock

DepartureCruise Berth

Naval Base | Restricted Zone

Arrival Cruise Berth

South east view - Cruise Control Tower , Cruise Berth , Ground Crew Lounge , Green Terraces

Green roof Walkway Waterfront - Terminal park

Terminal Passenger drop off/ Pick-up

Security / Control tower

access to the Specialty restaurant floor

North West View - Entry , Terminal Park , Viewing Deck, Waterfront - Experience walkway

14A.

AREAL / BLOCK VIEWS

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023

Enterance - Exterior Lobby

Wooden louvers -

|

Passenger Drop - off Area |

Polycarbonate Glass partitions / Curtain walls

Passenger Baggage Check-in | Waiting Lounge

14B.

INTERIOR VIEWS

Security Check / Vestibules (Access Control)

GRC- Concrete roofing

| Waterfront Viewing area

USN : 1JA18AT008 | BHAVESH MB | SJBSAP | SEM-10 | ARCHITECTURAL THESIS - 2023