BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE,THOL LAKE BIRD SANCTUARY

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA ARUN BADEKAR ROLL NO: 5903 DESIGN DISSERTATION

Biophilic Architecture

To Design A Bird Eco-tourism Infrastructure and Rescue Centre, Thol lake Bird Sanctuary, Gujarat.

The main principle behind biophilia is: connecting humans with nature to improve wellbeing. The main idea is to the bring characteristics of the natural world in built spaces, like water, air, greenery, animals and natural light

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To design a structure that can be easily adapted by the residing birds and will not hamper their habitat and ecosystem.

To provide basic amenities to the visitors.

Use sustainable materials that are locally available to reduce the construction cost.

Minimum damage to the existing trees Easy circulation and self-guided pathways.

Adopting waste management and rain water harvesting methods.

Provision of Residential headquarters for researchers and staff along with tourist accommodation.

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To imitate the different forms of nature in the built structure.(using principles of Biophilic Architecture) The design focuses on the height(max 8m) of structure and avoids tall construction in the north direction.

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The design limits to visual bird watching.

The proposal is to develop 29 acres of land in the bird sanctuary.(Proposed by Gujarat Tourism) The project primary concern is to increase tourism and increase the revenue of the existing village.

India is one of the 12-mega bio-diverse countries of the world and has a rich cultural heritage and is full of topographical variations. Mountainous ranges of Himalayas, golden beaches, impenetrable forests and water bodies with rich blend of culture.

Development and improvement of infrastructure facilities is a important benefit offered by the ecotourism industry India supports maximum of bird species that include both, the migratory birds as well as the Resident birds.

As per the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands there are a total of 1,186 bird species(12% of the world’s avifauna) are currently threatened with global extinction. 182 birds are considered to be critically endangered, 20% of these threatened species inhabit in the Asian wetlands. India supports 310 species of wetland birds Most threatened bird species in Asia are specialised in their habitat requirements, and are totally dependent for their survival on forest, grassland or wetland.

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

A rescue center provides short term shelter, care and rehabilitation with the goal of finding a more suitable placement for longer- term stay elsewhere.

Rescue Centre's provide opportunities for visitors to learn about the birds and to educate and develop empathy and shape the perceptions of nature and biodiversity.

RESEARCH STUDY

OBJECTIVES AIM INTRODUCTION LIMITATIONS SCOPE PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

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The idea of designing a Bird Eco- Tourism Infrastructure and Rescue Centre is to promote the interest of bird watching which is gaining tremendous response since the last few years and is expected to increase in the future.

The main criteria is to improve the infrastructure of the existing wildlife reserves and help in increasing the tourist revenue. The proposed project also takes care of the existing consequences, the future circumstances and avoids the following by providing proper facilities.

Visual Connection With Nature: Material Connection With Nature: Prospect: A non-obstructed view providing views of nature. using materials from nature over a distance.

Passive Technique The first step toward eco-friendly is a Passive Design. There is no use of installing renewable energy if the design is not efficient enough to reduce energy usage manually. Building shape, orientation and composition plays an important role in saving energy.

SINGLE SIDED VENTILATION

CROSS VENTILATION

STACK VENTILATION

COURTYARD EFFECTS

Different Types Of Bird Blind Spaces.

Bird Blind Structure, Japan Vision: the birds are viewed from a peep hole

A Wildlife Observation Platform Designed as Bird’s Nest Concept: To mimic the ways in which birds build their nests.

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

Bird-Shaped Tree House Concept: It is the form of a sitting bird in profile that like a giant folded leaf from the back.

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

Jivdaya Charitable Trust It is a non-government animal welfare organization that provides medical care to un-owned domestic animals and also runs a rehabilitation center for wild birds and small mammals.

• The facility is located in the center of the city and very well connected by roads.

• A variety of wild birds and small mammals at our rehabilitation center.

• It is situated inside the Ahmedabad Panjrapole Campus, Ambawadi.

• It was set up in 2008 and has treated well over 100,000 animals since then.

Bannerghatta Biological Park, Bannerghatta, Bengaluru Area Extent : 260.51 Sq. km

Aaranya Farm stay, Ahmedabad.

Designed by Ahmedabad-based architect Himanshu Patel of d6thd design studio. The project centers around the principle of vernacular architecture,

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The construction techniques like rubble stone packed foundation, load bearing exposed sand stone walls, and a clay tiled roof are used to make the structure cost effective.

The cottages face north-south, minimizing heat gain and maximizing cross ventilation and air flow from the adjoining agricultural field.

The use of locally available sandstone and brickwork in its raw form gives the project an earthy feel.

The roof is made from terracotta.

The cottages have been carefully designed to respect the existing mango trees and surrounding foliage. natural bio fences constructed of shrubbery act as a transition space between the private bedrooms and the open farm area.

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

CASE STUDY

CASE STUDY

Facilities within the zoo campus: Lodges and resorts, Hill view restaurants, Kiosks, Restrooms, Parking ,Sign and directions, Lawns, play areas, restaurants, Public transport : service provided by Bengaluru Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC)

Bird Care: pigeon’s area with different areas for infant birds, injured birds, and recovering birds cooler were installed to maintain the temperature of the birds rice hay used on the floor for softness use of trees barks to create interesting feature for the birds.

Architecture Analysis: • It is a single storey structure.

• Spreads over 6,200 sq. m • Construction materials are RCC construction and GI sheet roofing.

• Use of partition walls in admin area.

• Use of iron grill for hospital entrance.

• Paved blocks for exterior pathways.

• Structure height is 2.8m – 4m Kamla Nehru Zoo Location Kamla Nehru Zoo, Kankaria, Ahmedabad Established in 1951, it is situated on the outer periphery of the lake and spreads over 117acres.

The Kamla Nehru zoological garden Kankaria Lake is a landmark of the city.

Layout map of Nocturnal zoo

Entrance And Ticket Counter

Geodesic Dome For Birds

Bamboo Gate

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The audio visual room is 6M radius audio visual room made with concrete finish and accommodates 20 people at a time.

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The geodesic dome is made of steel pipes and acrylic sheets. The radius of the diameter is 15 meters and is 9m in hieght NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

Avifaunal diversity Thol has privilege of sustaining nine near threatened and vulnerable species.

The efforts have been taken to conserve the threatened and lower risk species so that the population should not come down and they become extinct in near future.

Thol has privilege of sustaining nine near threatened and vulnerable species. The presence of individual species may serve as indicator of the overall species The focus is given to a diverse suite of the range of species representative for conservation purpose.

Sarus Crane: Grus Antigone

Sarus Crane is a large crane that is a resident breeding bird in parts of the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia and Australia Having height up to 1.8m, it is tallest of the flying birds.

THOL LAKE BIRD SANCTUARY

MEHESANA

GUJARAT SITE ANAYLISIS

SITE ANAYLISIS

Site Selection Criteria And Site Justification The site selected is the Thol Lake Bird Sanctuary, Gujarat.

Why Gujarat?

Gujarat has an unrivalled diversity of eco-systems reflected in the rich and varied birdlife. About half the world population of the endangered Lesser Florican breeds at the grasslands of Saurashtra, Kutch and Dahod district during the monsoon months.

As, per Tourism The Government Of Gujarat has proposed the Development of Wildlife And Ecotourism Circuit, 2017.

Why Thol Lake Bird Sanctuary?

Thol water body occupies a total area of 699 ha (6.99 sq.km.) and its periphery is 5.62 km long, Thol wetland catchment area is spread within six villages which spreads 55.95 sq.km It has well-developed canal based irrigation system.

INDIA

Ospreys it is a large raptor, reaching 60 centimetres (24 in) in length with a 1.8 meter (6 ft) wingspan, is a resident-migratory species.

THE THOL LAKE BIRD SANCTUARY, MEHESANA, GUJARAT Total Area: 8.67 Acre Total Site Stretch :7kms Nearest Airport:32kms(Ahmedabad) Nearest Railway Station: 33 kms ( Ahmedabad)

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

CLIMATE • •

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The weather and climate in Ahmedabad is influenced by the Arabian Sea It has three main seasons: summer, monsoon and winter.

The monsoon season is very dry The weather is characterized by extreme heat and not much rain from March to June.

The average summer maximum is 41 degrees From November to February, the average maximum temperature is 30 degrees Celsius.

Monsoons sweep into Ahmedabad in mid-July DESIGNING AS PER CLIMATIC CONDITION

SINGLE SIDED VENTILATION

CROSS VENTILATION

STACK VENTILATION

THREAT The pressure on the Thol Bird Sanctuary is due to livestock population.

Livestock of five peripheral villages as well as those belonging to the pastoral people from Kachchh and Saurashtra visit this area for grazing in scrub lands and for drinking water.

STRENGTH The site is easily accessible by road it receives more number of tourists throughout the year as the site is close to the city the amount birds migrating is more as compared to the Nal Sarovar is the important feature of the site tourists also enjoy cycling and other activities within the site.

Weakness: No public transport is available to reach the site hence, less economic tourist visiting the site make noise which disturbs the dwelling birds The entry fee is more than expected even during off season. .

Opportunity: Easy employment to the neighbouring Thol village proper amenities will attract more tourists as per survey, adventures activities are encouraged by the people visiting the sanctuary.

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BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

CULTURE

CONCEPT

EVOLVING CULTURES OF GUJARAT THROUGH TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS,

BUNGA ARCHITECTURE MATERIALS- MUD, BAMBOO, STONE, BRICKS PLANNING: CYLINDRICAL PLANNING

TANGIBLE DISCRIPTION

LITERATURE

PAINTINGS

UNDERSTANDING

CALAMITY

MAKING THE BUILDINGS CALAMITY RESISTANT

RAMMED EARTH WALL 230MM THICK USE OF STONE MASONARY FOUNDATION DEPT 450MM

RAIN, HEAT

CLIMATE

DESIGNING CLIMATE RESPONSIVE CONSTRUCTION

HOT AND DRY CLIMATE EAST AND WEST BUILDING ORIENTATION

CIRCULAR, CORE

UNPREDICTABLE

ENDLESS

CENTRICITY

GEOCENTRICITY OF UNIVERSE -NATURE OF EARTH AND RELATION WITH UNIVERSE

THE IDEA OF CENTRICITY RESEMBLES THE EARTH AROUND ITS SOURCE OF LIGHT. PLANNING RESEMBLES THE MAIN FEATURES.

MOVEMENT, DESTROY

CONCEPTUAL DRAWINGS

THE 4 C’s-

RAPID

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

PATTERN

ASYMMETRY

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

RHYTHM

VARIATION NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

SITE SECTION AA’

SITE NUMBER 1: 0.3 ACRE (1,210 SQ M) SITE NUMBER 2: 4.38 ACRE(17,711.SQ.M) TOTAL FOOTFALL OF THE SITE: 300 PEOPLE/DAY SITE TIMINGS: 9AM-6PM

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PARKING

CAR PARKING FOR 100-150 CARS PROVISION OF 4 BATTERY CARS-14 PEOPLE EACH SITE 1: 1. TICKET COUNTER: 30 SQ.M 2. CANTEEN: 75 SQ.M 3. WASHROOMS: 50 SQ.M 4. KIOSKS: 47 SQ.M 5. WAITING AREA: 61 SQ.M 6. BATTERY CAR/ BYCYCLE PARKING: 190 SQ.M

SITE 2: 1. RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE: 3.400 SQ.M 2. STAFF ACCOMADATIONS: 470SQ.M 3. COTTAGE:1,121 SQ.M 4. VIEWING DECK: 646 SQ.M

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ENTRANCE

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

VIEWS

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

8.3M

8.3M 5.6M

5M

4M

5M

1.2M

NORTH ELEVATION

0.6M

SECTION AA’ 8.3M

5.6M 4M 1.2 M 0.15 M

SOUTH ELEVATION 8.3 M

1M 0.15 M

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

SECTION AA’

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

WEST ELEVATION

TICKET COUNTER PLAN

NORTH ELEVATION

2.9 M 1M 0.45 M

EAST ELEVATION

VIEWS

4.5M

COTTAGE PLAN

SECTION AA’ 0

1

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

SECTION BB’

SITE NUMBER 3: 4 ACRE(16,192.SQ.M) 1.RECEPTION: 190 SQ.M 2. RESTAURANT: 560 SQ.M 3. BIRD AVIARY: 945.SQ.M

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SECTION AA’

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

RESTAURANT PLAN

NORTH ELEVATION

VIEWS

BIRD AVIARY PLAN

SECTION AA’

SECTION AA’

NORTH ELEVATION

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

4.

VIEWS

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4. GEODESIC DOME: 104 SQ.M 5. PARROT PARADISE: 400 SQ.M 6.BIRD AVIARY: 800 SQ.M •

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

VIEWS EXPLAINING THE JOURNEY TOWARDS BIRD WATCHING TOWER

VIEWS EXPLAINING JOURNEY THROUGH THE BIRD AVIARIES

VIEWS EXPLAINING JOURNEY THROUGH THE PARROTS’S PARADISE BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

NATURAL STONE FOUNDATION DETAIL

Sand Stone 1 220mm X 320mm X300m 300mm

Sand Stone 2 500mm X 25mm X

The brick wall is constructed using sand stone. The use of locally available sandstone and brickwork in its raw form gives the project an earthy feel.

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

Elevation Of Bamboo Bridge

Bricks

Bamboo

Bolting joinery details for bridge construction Bamboo canopy used in the building entrance

GUADUA BAMBOO CANSTRUCTION Guadua has a rapid growth and a higher productivity.

The maximum diameter reported for Guadua is 25 cm Advantages of Building with Bamboo • One of the main advantages of building with bamboo is that it is natural and renewable resource, capable of rapid growth that can avoid future deforestation of our precious tropical rainforests.

• Guadua bamboo, fibers are up to 1 cm long, With a tensile strength up to 40 kN/cm2,

Joineries Bamboo 10m in diameter

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

6.5m in height.

The dome is made of Bamboo and joined with metal base plates NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’

SELECTED SITE: THOL LAKE BIRD SANCTUARY, MEHESANA DISTRICT, GUJARAT CLIMATE: Hot And Dry Climate • The weather and climate in Ahmedabad is influenced by the Arabian Sea. • It has three main seasons: summer, monsoon and winter.

• The monsoon season is very dry • The weather is characterized by extreme heat and not much rain from March to June • The average summer maximum is 41 degrees Celsius (106 °Fahrenheit) From November to February, • The average maximum temperature is 30 degrees Celsius (86 °Fahrenheit) • Monsoons sweep into Ahmedabad in mid July .

FAÇADE DESIGN

The warmest month of the year is May, with an The driest month is February, with 0 mm | 0.0 inch of average temperature of 33.7 °C. The lowest average rainfall. The greatest amount of precipitation occurs in temperatures in the year occur in January, 19.5 °C July, with an average of 250 mm | 9.8 inch.

Adaptive Techniques As Per Climatic Conditions:

The existing trees on the west side are used as shading elements on the site.

Punctures created within walls to let cool air enter through small pockets.

Use of circular planning to make the structure seismic resistant, inspired from the traditional Bunga architecture .

The façade is designed using local materials in order to make the structure look relevant to the site context and also make it adaptive to the wildlife as well as the visitors.

Use of Gudua bamboo to design facades and Dome. It is also used in the form of pergola for parking and pathways.

3.

Shaded outdoor buffer zones oriented to prevailing breezes can extend living and working areas in warm or humid weather.

Water body around the building to keep the space cool.

2. To facilitate cross ventilation, locate door and window openings on opposite sides of building with larger openings facing up-wind possible.

4.Staggered roof for ventilation. This method allows warm air to escape and cool is circulated within the space.

Use of sloping roof to support the climatic aspects of the region and the tradition of Bunga Architecture.

BIRD ECO-TOURISM INFRASTUCTURE AND RESEARCH/RESCUE CENTRE

Use of locally available materials like sandstone flat slates for façade designing. The façade inspiration is taken from Aaranya Farm stay, Gujarat.

MATERIAL USED

1. Good natural ventilation can reduce or eliminate air conditioning in warm weather if windows are well shaded and oriented to prevailing breezes.

Use of sandstone adobe bricks and bamboo for canopy and arch.

The roof is made from terracotta, a material associated with the memory of many family generations.

Terracotta are fixed to timber battens with wire clips, nails or screw fixings. Specialised capping tiles are laid along ridges and hips.

Stone Masonry stones are available in a abundance in nature, on cutting and dressing to the proper shape, they provide an economical material for the construction of various building components such as walls, columns, footings, arches, lintels, beams etc.

NAME: BHAVANA BADEKAR

ROLL NO: 01 CLASS: 5 TH YEAR ‘C’