Architectural Thesis

ARCHITECTURAL THESIS PORTFOLIO TOPIC – SCHOOL OF FASHION TECHNOLOGY

THESIS GUIDE : AR.SARANYA THESIS CO-ORDINATOR : AR.BHAVANA PATIL

SUBMITTED BY : BHARGAVI – 16121AAAA034 MAESTRO SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE

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• INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC • HISTORY OF FASHION • BEGINNING OF FASHION SCHOOLS • JUSTIFICATION • LIMITAIONS

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BYELAWS What is building Bye-Laws • If everyone makes buildings without obeying any rules then there will be problems of 1. Irregular and narrow roads 2. Frequent traffic 3. Problem of parking 4. Health problems due to pollution 5. Poor light and ventilation 6. No proper planning of gardens, play grounds, etc.

7. Problems regarding services like water supply, drainage, telephone, gas, electricity etc.

8. Noise nuisance in education, hospitals, court etc

Zones • Following are the some of zones 1. Residential: Residential buildings, gardens, play grounds, schools, offices are allowed Industries, hospitals, whole-sale markets are not allowed 2. Commercial: Cinema, retail shops, town-halls, restaurants, bank, offices, shopping centers are allowed Hospitals and Industries are not allowed 8 3. Industrial Ordinary: Light industries, Workshops, printing press, small factories are allowed Heavy, Obnoxious and hazardous industries are not allowed 4. Hazardous Industrial: All types of industries allowed Residential buildings are totally not allowed 5. Educational: School, collages, sports complex allowed Other than education activities are not allowed 9

MARGINS FOR SPECIAL BUIDLINGS : Floor Space Index(FSI) It is also called Floor Area ratio • State government have permitted to increase FSI up to 1.25 on payment of additional fees in town planning scheme areas of some cities Zone Maximum Permissible FSI

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• NECESSITY OF BYELAWS • FLOOR SPCAE INDEX • ZONES • MARGINS FOR ROADS

MARGINS FOR OTHER SIDE OF ROAD :

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Margins high rise building • High rise buildings shall be permitted on roads more than 12m wide.

• Side margins should be 6m or 0.2 × Height which ever is more.

• Road side margins for roads Up to 30m = 0.3 × Height or 9m whichever is more More than 30m = 0.3 × Height or 9m whichever is more 29

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Head Room • “Clear height from top of floor to the bottom of ceiling.” Minimum head rooms for different types of building

Compound wall

Height of Building • “Maximum Height of building will depend upon the width of street on which the building is abutting” 37 Width of road Permissible height of building up to 6 to 9m 10m 9 to 12m 13m More than 12m As per high rise building

• “This is the wall made around the building which cover up the whole building” • • Height of compound wall abutting road should not be more than 1.5m.

• • Height of compound walls on other sides should be less than 1.8m.

• • If opening in the portion above 0.9m are provided the height can be 2.4m.

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• MARGINS FOR HIGH RISE STRUCTURE • HEIGHT OF BUILDING • STAIR CASE STANDARD

MINIMUM STAIR CASE WIDTH

WATER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS

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Parking • Separate provisions for cars, scooters, visitors should be made • Common plot must not be used for parking • Head room for the road leading to parking should not be less than 2.1m • For a car – 14m2 area required • For a motor cycle – 1.25 m2 area required • For a cycle – 0.8 to 1 m2 area required 42

• • • •

25% PARKING IS FOR GUESTS 75% IS RESERVED FOR CARS 20% TWO WHEELER 5% BYCYCLE

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PARKING AREA FOR DIFFERENT BUIDLINGS

Ventilation • For habitable room, the area of clear total opening excluding frames should not be less than 1/10 the floor area of room.

• Windows or ventilators provided for ventilation should abut exterior open space, or open verandah or gallery.

• For factory or go-downs clear area of windows and ventilators should not be less than 1/7 floor area.

Set back • “Some distance kept between road line and a plinth of building parallel to road line.”

• • This land though remains in possession of the owner of the plot.

• • Can be utilized for widening of road in future • • 1.5m set back for roads up to 12m.

• • 2m set back for the road wider than 12m.

• The width of the open space on which the ventilators should not be less than 1/3 height of building.

• Relaxation in the above recommendations may be made when artificial ventilation is provided.

• For stair room the ventilation per floor should not be less than 1m2.

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• PARKING • SETBACKS • VENTILATION SHAFT STANDARDS

Advantages of Set back • Availability of sufficient light & ventilation.

• Availability of land for widening of roads in future.

• Availability of sufficient sight distance at road crossings.

• Availability of space for parking.

• Availability of necessary privacy. • Reduction of unwanted noise.

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• LECTURE HALL • STUDIO

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STANDARDS • READING TABLE • SHELVES • LIGHTING • CLIMATE • DIGITAL

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• • • •

TYPES SHAPES VIEW ANGLES SERVICES INVOVED

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• • • •

SOUND ABSORBERS SOUND DIFFUSERS NOISE BARRIERS SOUND REFLECTORS

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• POSSIBLE ARRANGEMENTS • SPACES • VIEW ANGLE • WINDOW AND DOOR • CIRCULATION • DESIGN PARAMETERS

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MACHINE LAB A sewing machine is a machine used to sew fabric and materials together with thread. ❑ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies. ❑ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type at a time. ❑ In a modern sewing machine, the process of stitching has been automated so that the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles, thimbles and other tools used in hand sewing.

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• HISTORICAL CHANGES TO SEWING MACHING • STANDARDS

❑ In much of the Western world, sewing was done by hand for centuries as a cottage industry—a handicraft and trade passed from mother to daughter or master to apprentice. ❑ The Industrial Revolution brought innovations in all things textile. ❑ The Spinning Jenny, power looms, and similar machines mass-produced thread and fabric. ❑ Sewing machines have replaced many artisans, but they owe their existence to the skilled laborers whose bodies first mastered the task of stitching.

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PATTERN MAKING LAB ❑ The pattern making lab; the designing and cutting unit of the Fashion hub is an entity in itself. ❑ The pattern making tables designed for the purpose, and the individual student cupboards to store student materials makes the room modish and needful

❑ ❑ ❑ ❑

Pattern making is the art of designing patterns.

It involves design and creation of templates for the basic garment formation.

It includes pattern adaptation & pattern drafting.

Pattern drafting requires a working drawing to be established by using key measurements and using these to develop basic slopers for bodice, skirts, sleeves, collars etc. ❑ Create style variation using sloper as foundation and with the manipulation of these basic patterns blocks which are then transferred on fabric.

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• INTRODUCTION • REFRENCE IMAGES • STANDARD LAYOUT

11 STANDARD LAYOUT OF PATTERN MAKING LAB

PHOTOGRAPHY STUDIO A photographic studio (also known as a photography studio or photo studio) is a workspace to take, develop, print and duplicate photographs. Photographic training and the display of finished photographs may also be accommodated in a photographic studio. The studio may have a darkroom, storage space, a studio proper where photographs are taken, a display room and space for other related work.

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There’s a few options when it comes to the type of backdrop you can purchase: •Muslin •Canvas •Seamless Paper •Cotton and sometimes even old bedsheet will do in a pinch

• INTRODUCTION • STUDIO EQUIPMENT • LIGHT SETUP

The history of photographic studios and photography dates back to 19th century with the first camera. The earliest photographic studios made use of painters' lighting techniques to create photographic portraits.

Lighting setups for photography studios can be segregated in terms of the following characteristics •Color of output light – is it tungsten light or florescent light?

•Direction of light needed – is it overhead, under, side light or even circular/all around?

•Quality of light – is it a continuous light source or an external flash type setup that works off a trigger?

•Quantity of light required – how many light sources are need to get the job done?

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Softbox ❑ Softbox lights modify the main light source to provide a softer and more even light to fall on the subject. ❑ These are very useful in any photography studio. They provide more directional control over the light. ❑ You can point the light towards the subject and transmit it through a diffuser panel.

This is what creates the diluted soft effect of the light. ❑ You might need to practice with this light source before beginning to use it for paid shoots. ❑ You need to understand how directional light can impact an image. Where the shadows fall and how that affects the image. ❑ Softboxes can be attached to either an external flash and set to fire using an off-camera flash system or can be connected to a continuous light source. ❑ If you are using a continuous light source pick one that has a way to control the intensity of light so you can achieve the look you want.

Umbrella Lights • Umbrella lights are perhaps the most popular choice for studio photography lighting. They are easy to set up, quite easy to port around and easy to use.

• This makes them a great choice for someone looking to dabble in setting up their first photography studio and looking for the type of equipment to invest in.

• If you’re brand new to lighting then using an umbrella lighting setup is a smart option to go with.

There are two types of umbrella lighting setups •Shoot through umbrellas Shoot Through Umbrellas •Reflective umbrella lighting • These are similar to softboxes. You point the light Reflective Umbrella Lighting in the direction of your subject. The light is • Reflective umbrellas shoot the light into a reflective transmitted through a diffuser which spreads the material. This is then bounced back in the direction of light. your subject.

• They provide less directional control of the light • These are associated with less light loss and can be a compared to softboxes. The light is spread over a little more difficult to control for beginners. The main much larger area a.ka. the umbrella. advantage for these is when it is used to photograph • These are easier to control compared to the a large group of people or photograph in a large space. reflective umbrella lights. They produce very • In this scenario, you wouldn’t be able to get a shoot broad and soft lighting. through umbrella close enough to provide enough • Shoot through umbrellas are cheaper than lighting. softboxes. They also often come with stands, • A reflective umbrella, on the other hand, would be able lights and all the tools needed to setup. to provide the lighting.

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STUDIO EQUPENT AND THEIR PROPERTIES

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PASSIVE AND ACTIVE TECHNIQUES

NATURAL VENTILATION Outdoor breezes create air movement through the house interior by the 'push-pull' effect of positive air pressure on the windward side and negative pressure (suction) on the leeward side.

•In order to have a good natural ventilation, openings must be placed at PASSIVE COOLING TECHNIQUES opposite pressure zones.

•Also, designers often choose to enhance natural ventilation using tall spaces called • Passive cooling systems are least expensive means stacks in buildings. •With openings near the of cooling a home which maximizes the efficiency of top of stacks, warm air can escape whereas the building envelope without any use of mechanical cooler air enters the building from openings devices. near the ground

•It rely on natural heat-sinks to remove heat from the building. They derive cooling directly from evaporation, convection, and radiation without using any intermediate electrical devices.

•All passive cooling strategies rely on daily changes in temperature and relative humidity.

•The applicability of each system depends on the climatic conditions.

•These design strategies reduce heat gains to internal spaces.

- Natural Ventilation - Shading - Wind Towers

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SHADING : •Extend the overhang beyond the sides of the window to prevent solar gain from the side. •Use slatted or louvered shades to allow more daylight to enter, while shading windows from direct sunlight.

•Reduce solar heat gain by recessing windows into the wall.

- Courtyard Effect - Earth Air Tunnels - Evaporative Cooling - Passive Down Draught Cooling

- Roof Sprays

WIND TOWER The tower walls absorb heat during daytime and release it at night, warming the cool night air in the tower.

• Warm air moves up, creating an upward draft, and draws cool night air through the doors and windows into the building.

•The system works effectively in hot and dry climates where fluctuations are high.

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PASSIVE AND ACTIVE TECHNIQUES COURTYARD EFFECT •If this heat exchange reduces roof surface temperature to wet bulb temperature of air, condensation of atmospheric moisture occurs on the roof and the gain due to condensation limits further cooling.

• Due to incident solar radiation in a courtyard, the air gets warmer and rises.

• Cool air from the ground level flows through the louvered openings of rooms surrounding a courtyard, thus producing air flow.

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EARTH AIR TUNNELS •This technique has been used in the composite climate of Gurgaon in RETREAT building.

•The living quarters (the south block of RETREAT) are maintained at comfortable temperatures (approx. 20-30 degree Celsius) round the year by the earth air tunnel system, supplemented, when-ever required, with a system of absorption chillers powered by liquefied natural gas during monsoons and with an air washer during dry summer.

•However, the cooler air underground needs to be circulated in the living space.

Each room in the south block has a 'solar chimney; warm air rises and escapes through the chimney, which creates an air current for the cooler air from the underground tunnels to replace the warm air.

EVAPORATIVE COOLING •Evaporative cooling lowers indoor air temperature by evaporating water.

•It is effective in hot and dry climate where the atmospheric humidity is low.

•In evaporative cooling, the sensible heat of air is used to evaporate water, thereby cooling the air, which, in turn, cools the living space of the building.

•Increase in contact between water and air increases the rate of evaporation.

•The presence of a water body such as a pond, lake, and sea near the building or a fountain in a courtyard can provide a cooling effect.

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PASSIVE AND ACTIVE TECHNIQUES Active cooling Active cooling can be provided by:

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1. Earth-to-air heat exchanger (ground coupling) • This draws ventilation supply air through buried ducts or tubes (sometimes referred to as earth tubes). As the temperature of the ground below 3 m is practically constant, it can be use to substantially reduce ambient air temperature fluctuations, with the incoming air being heated in the winter and cooled in the summer.

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2. Open or closed loop water-to-air heat exchanger • This exploits the relatively stable temperature of the earth to provide water that can cool in the summer and heat in the winter.

3. Mechanical, or forced ventilation, driven by fans • This might be cooled below outside air temperature by the use of refrigerants, or by thermal mass, such as thermal labyrinths, or by night time purging.

4. Chilled water • Chilled water is typically provided by chiller units using absorption refrigeration or compression refrigeration.

• It can then be used to provide cool air, in air handling units (to be ducted around the building), chilled beams, chilled ceilings, and so on.

• Chiller units use a refrigerant that boils at a low temperature and pressure, removing heat from the chilled water, and then condenses to release that heat, which is rejected to the outside (or recovered).

NB: The use of chilled water to cool the building fabric itself is sometimes described as 'active thermal mass’.

5. Refrigerants • Refrigerants can be used to provide cooling directly to spaces in variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems. This is based on the flow of refrigerant between an external condensing unit and multiple internal evaporators (typically fan coil units).

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Evaporative cooling • This can be provided by simple systems, such as misting fans and by spraying water over the roof of a building, or by more complex packaged units that draw hot, dry air through a continually dampened pad and supply cool, humid air to the building.

• Indirect evaporative cooling can be provided by the incorporation of heat exchangers, by the use of cooling towers, or by spraying water over the cooling coils of conventional chiller units.

• Typically, evaporative cooling is best suited to hot, dry climates.

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Ice Ice can be used as an effective means of thermal storage, storing ‘coolth’ in colder parts of the day to provide cooling during warmer parts of the day.

Active cooling might be provided as part of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning system (HVAC) which may also include air filtration and humidity control.

• The cooling process itself can result in dehumidification, as cool air is less able to ‘hold’ moisture than warm air

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Active cooling TES integration in building [26].

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MATERIALS Building Construction Materials • Stone • Brick

• Lime • Cement • Metal • Timber

Stone Requirements of Stone..

• Structure • Appearance - Colour Texture • Weight • Fineness of Grains • Durability • Strength • Hardness • Facility of Working and Dressing

• Sand • Aggregates

• Mortar

Brick Requirements of Bricks…

• The color of the brick should be red or copper and uniform.

• It should be well burnt in kilns.

• The surface should be even and free from cracks.

• The edges should be sharp.

Brick Standard Sizes of bricks…

• Conventional / Traditional bricks : • Size 23 cm x 11.4 cm x 7.6 cm • Standard / Modular : Size : 19 cm x 9 cm x 9 cm

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Stone • They are used in hydraulic structures like dams and bridges.

• They are used in retaining wall masonry to retain soil.

• They are used as road metal in road construction.

• They are used as ballast for permanent way in railways.

• They are used to make concrete in the form of coarse aggregate.

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Brick • Bricks are used in wall masonry construction of building • Used in brick lintel construction • Bats of brick are used in concrete in foundation work.

• They are durable.

• They are low cost material.

• They possess good strength.

• They are easily available.

• Brick are light in compared to stones

Cement Requirements of cement…

• Cement should Cement should not possess of alumina which may reduce strength.

• not contain alumina in excess as it weakens the cement.

• A very small amount of Sulphar is added in cement to make sound cement.

• It should found cool when touch by hand.

• it should be in fine powder form while checking with first finger and thumb.

Cement Types of Cement..

• Rapid hardening Portland cement

• Ordinary Portland cement (OPC)

• Pozzuolan a Portland cement • Quick setting cement

• Blast furnace cement

• Low heat cement

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MATERIALS Metal Requirements of metal…

• They should provide sufficient strength to bear the loads coming on them • They should provide resistance to corrosion and weather actions • They should provided resistance to heat and fire.

• They should have good adhesion with cement concrete

Aggregate Requirements of Aggregates…

• Aggregates should be sufficiently strong.

• Aggregate surface should be rough and free form cracks.

• Aggregate should have good soundness.

• Aggregate should have good adhering with binding material.

• Fine aggregates are used to prepare cement mortar, lime mortar and cement concrete.

• Course aggregates are used to prepare cement concrete bituminous pavement, rigid pavement etc.

• They are used in construction of beams, columns, slab, lintel etc.

Aggregate • They are insoluble in water.

• They are of moderate weight.

• They are strong and durable.

• They have resistance to scratches.

• They have resistance to corrosion and decay.

• Non ferrous metals

• Ferrous metals

• Aluminum • copper • Magnesium • Nickel

• pig iron • cast iron • wrought iron • steel

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Sand • It should be clean.

• It should be well graded.

• Maximum permissible clay content is 3 to 4% in sand.

• It should contain sharp, angular grains.

• It should not contain salts which attract moisture from the atmosphere.

• Sand is useful in various construction activities like masonry work, plaster work, flooring and concrete work.

• Sand is used in cement mortar, plan cement concrete , reinforced cement concrete and prestressed concrete as key ingredient in building construction

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Aggregate • Fine aggregates size of aggregate is 4.75 mm or less is termed as fine aggregates. • Coarse aggregates size of aggregates 80mm to 4.75 mm is known as course.

Concrete Concrete is a mixture of cement/lime, sand, crushed rock, water. *TYPES OF CONCRETE <1>Plain cement concrete <2>Reinforced cement concrete <3> Precast concrete <4> prestressed concrete

Artificial Or Industrial Materials • Cement • Bricks • Steel • Tiles • Ceramic • Paints and Varnishes • Glass • Plastic • Stone • Lime

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STRUCTURE Natural and artificial structures are created to support loads.

Loads are forces that can deform a body or make it move.

Types of loads: -Fixed Loads: They always have the same value.

-Variable loads: Those that can change as time passes or due to natural disasters.

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TYPES OF STRUCTURES

ARCH. • The romans invented the arch.

• There are many types, but the semicircular arch, which was the roman arch, still remains the most used.

• Its own weight is the main load and the geometry of the arch displaces the forces to the sides.

• The stone at the very top is called the keystone.

1. Shell structures.

2. Arch structures 3. Mass structures 4. Suspension structures.

5. Frame structures.

FRAME STRUCTURES. • It' s the most common choice of structures, they are composed of long elements joined to SUSPENSION STRUCTURES. each other at the ends.

• A suspension structure holds • They' re strong. an elements by cables that • Advantages: easy to build, inexpensive and are held from the top of a tall lightweight. Disadvantages: not good for very column. big loads or strong impacts.

• The space between one column and the next is called the span.

• Advantages: Good for covering a very large span.

• Disadvantages: Expensive to build SHELL STRUCTURES • They are made of a thin outer layer of material that surrounds a volume.

• Natural shell structures: eggs, shellfish.

• Artificial shell structures: cardboards boxes, balloons, etc.

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FIRE NORMS LITERATURE STUDY

FIRELOAD • Fire load is the amount of heat in kilocalories (kcal) which is liberated per square meter of floor area of any compartment by the combustion of the contents of the buildings and any combustible part of the building itself Ar.SARANYA

• (IS: 1641-1960) grades the fire load into the following three classes: a)Low fire load: Not exceeding 275000 kcal/m3; domestic buildings, hotels, offices and similar buildings b)Moderate fire load: Exceeding 275000 kcal/m3 but below 550000 kcal/m3; trading establishments and factories c)High fire load: Value between 550000 kcal/m3 – 1100000 kcal/m3;

WIDTH OF ROAD • Sections:- As per section 4.6 • (a) of part 3 & 7.4.1 • (a) of part IV of N.B.C. • The road which abuts a High rise building to be constructed shall be more then width.

• The road should be hard surfaced to carry a minimum weight of 18,000 Kgs, the maximum ENTRANCE WIDTH & HEIGHT CLEARANCE weight of a Fire Engine.

• Section:- As per section 4.6 • (c) of part C & 7.4.1(d) of part IV of N.B.C. • Every High rise building should have at least 2 means of access, one remote to the other, of minimum width 4.5m. with height clearance of 5m.

• This minimum width is essential to facilitate free movement of fire units.

SETBACK OR OPEN SPACES • Section : As per table 2 of section 8.2.3.1 of part III of N.B.C. • Sufficient open space (setbacks) around residential buildings, as indicated in the next slide, is essential to facilitate free movement and operation of Fire Service vehicles.

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Grading of Structural Elements • Structural elements of buildings are graded, for fire resistance, by the time for which they resist a standard fire of given time temperature grading.

• The time – temperature grading is based on, observations in actual fires.

• The relationship between the actual fire expressed as fire load and the standard fire is established by burning down weights of combustible material corresponding to different classes of fire load, so as to match the time temperature grading of the standard fire.

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Car Parking in Setback / Open Spaces.

• If the setback area / open spaces is more then 12 meter, the provision for car parking Can be done in the setback or open spaces at the periphery of the courtyard leaving the 6 meter motorable road.

CAR PARKING • Section – As per section B/8 of appendix ‘B’ of part III of N.B.C Car Parking shall have to be done at the basement with provision for minimum 2 ramps one remote to other.

SERVICE DUCTS As per appendix D 1.9 part IV of N.B.C. • all the services ducts, if provided, should have to be enclosed by walls of at least 2 hour fire resistance & should have to be sealed at every alternate floor with non-combustible materials having at least 2 hour fire resistance.

• The sealing at floor level is to prevent travel of smoke & fire to the upper floors through the ducts.

For other Occupancies the setbacks shall have to be allowed as follows: • Educational buildings - Except for nursery schools, the open space shall not be less than 6 meters.

• b. Institutional buildings - open space shall not be less than 6 meters.

• c. Assembly building - Except in front, open space shall not be less than 6 meter and front open space shall not be less than 12 meters.

• d. Business/Mercantile & storage building – Open space around the building shall not be less than 4.5meters. It can be relaxed in certain circumstances.

• e. Industrial/Hazardous building – Minimum 4.5 meters open space shall be kept around the building for the height up to16 meters. Open space shall be increased by 0.25meters for next each 1 meter height of the building.

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STAIRCASES • Section :- As per section 12.18 of part III, 8.5.1 (Table 24), .6.2,8.9,8.10,8.13, 9.3.5(a),10.4.1,11.3.2 of part IV & appendix D1.3,D1.4 of part of NBC.

a) b) c) d) e) f) g)

Every high rise building Have minimum 2 number of Staircases.

Width of staircases varies from 1 m. to 2 m.

For residential building width of staircases should be 1 mtr.

Out of 2 staircases, 1 can be used as a fire escape staircase.

Width of fire escape should be minimum 0.75 meter.

Number of staircases shall be given as per the travel distances.

Staircase shall not be extended to basement to prevent smoke , heat & gases.

From the basement smoke, heat 7 gases can be travel to upper floors. h) Access to the basement from the ground should be through a separate staircase, which is not connected to main staircase (i.e. It should be remote to each other.) i) Staircase shall be of enclosed type to prevent entry of smoke & fire to the staircase & vice versa. j) Spiral staircase shall be provided up to 9 mtr. Height. k) External staircase normally shall not be allowed.

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LIFTS Section:THE REFUGE AREA

Section: As per section 8.12.3 on part IV of NBC, the refuge area shall be provided on the periphery of the floor & open to air at least on one side protected with suitable railing.

• For floors above 24m & up to 39m one refuge area on the floor immediately above 24m.

• b) For floors above 39m one refuge area on the floor immediately above 39m & so on after 15m refuge area shall be provided

as per section 18 of part III & 6.18 & appendix A.15 of part IV of NBC. a) Minimum 1 lift capable of carrying minimum 8 persons weighing 545 kgs. Shall be provided for every high rise building. b) Landing doors of lifts shall open to ventilated lobby & shall have a fire resistance of 1 hour. c) 1 lift shall be designed as a “Fire Lift” d) “Fireman Switch” shall be provided for each lift. e) Lifts shall not be used as means of evacuation. f) Collapsible gates shall not be provided for the lift. g) If more than 1 lifts are installed the partition wall should be of minimum 2 hours fire resistance.

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BUILT IN FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM WET RISER CUM DOWN COMMER SYSTEM 1. Wet riser : •

•

It is a vertical pipeline (dia. depends on the floor area of the building) connected to a bottom tank(underground water tank). Down Commer : It is a vertical pipeline (dia. depends on the floor area of the building) connected to a overhead tank.

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2. Dry riser : • It is a vertical pipe which is always kept dry to avoid the freezing of water.

• Hydrant : It is a horizontal pipe line with outlet of 63 mm. dia. connected to underground water tank.

WET RISER • Wet riser cum down commer or only down commer system shall be provided for residential building.

• For commercial building only only wet-riser system shall be provided.

• For hotels wet-riser cum down commer both the systems shall be provided.

Diameter of riser will be 150mm for all the buildings.

• For each 1000m2 floor area or it’s part one riser shall be provided.

• At every landing twin outlet each of 63mm dia. shall be provided (one should be connected to hose reel & another should be to hose & branch).

• Length of hose should be shall that it should reach at the last point of floor area.

• Minimum two courtyard hydrants shall be provided (courtyard hydrant will be an extention to riser).

• Hose reel hose of 12mm dia. shall be provided from landing valve to wetriser at each floor. A separate fire service inlet shall be provided at the ground floor. Location of wet-riser shall be preferable as near to staircase.

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WATER TANK • Under Ground Water Storage tank • Terrace Level Tank • The Capacity of Underground water storage tank varies from 50,000 ltrs. to 250,000 ltrs.

• Depending on the type & occupancy of the buildings.

• The capacity of terrace level water storage tank varies from 10,000 ltrs. to 20,000 ltrs.

• Depending on the type & occupancy of the building. Above mentioned water tank capacity is for 1 riser.

• If the number of risers will be more than 1, than quantity of water shall be increased in that proportionate.

• In addition to this if automatic sprinkler, drenchers are provided for special risk then this will be additional quantity of water.

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FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM

FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

• Section: As per section 7.9 of part IV of NBC. (8 of Appendix A) .

• Zones are made as per the risk or as per the floor.

• 2way communication system to be provided which will help to contact from ground floor to specific floor or vice-versa.

Mike on every floor has to be provided.

Manual call points, automatic detector & public address system shall be interlinked.

• Detectors shall be installed as per IS 2189/ 1988.

LITERATURE STUDY

Ar.SARANYA

1. Manually operated Electrical fire alarm system 2. Automatic Fire Alarm System Depending on the occupancy • M.O.E.F.A. system or automatic operated system shall be provided in the building.

• Every building more than 15m in height shall provide both I.e. M.O.E.F.A & A.F.A. • Residential & office buildings between 15m & 24m in height may be exempted from installation of automatic fire alarm system if local fire brigade is well equipped to face the emergency up to 24m.

SPRINKLER SYSTEM • Section: As per section 7.10.7 of part IV of NCB. 1. Sprinkler system is a must for basement parking & other risk areas where large quantities of combustible materials are stored.

2. Each sprinkler should cover 6.96m2 area.

3. Normally a separate sprinkler should be provided for a separate car.

4. Sprinklers may connect to main water tank & pump, but capacity of the tank & pump shall be increased in that proportionate.

5. The capacity of water tank shall be calculated on the basis of sprinklers.

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DESKTOP STUDY -1

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• • • • •

INTRODUCTION CLIMATE PROXIMITY SITE ANALYSIS SITE FEATURES

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DESKTOP STUDY-1

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• PASSIVE COOLING TECHNIQUES • SPACES CONNECTIVITY • CONCEPT

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DESKTOP STUDY -1

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• • • •

FLOOR PLANS AREA STATEMENT ZONNING INTRESTING FEATURES OF SITE • UNDER BELLEY VIEW

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DESKTOP STUDY -2

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• • • • • • • •

INTRODUCTION CLIMATE PROXIMITY SITE DOCUMENTATION PARKING USER GROUP DESIGN EVOLUTION VEGITATION

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DESKTOP STUDY -2

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• FLOOR PLANS • MATERIALS

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DESKTOP STUDY -1

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• SITE ZONNING • SITE DIMENSIONS • CIRCULATION

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DESKTOP STUDY -2

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• AREA STATEMENT • VIEWS • EVOLUTION OF DESIGN • FLOW DIAGRAM

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DESKTOP STUDY -3

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• • • •

INTRODUCTION LOACTION PROXIMITY PARKING

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DESKTOP STUDY -3

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• CAMPUS SPACES

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DESKTOP STUDY -3

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• LANDSCAPE DETAILS • SITE PLAN • ARCHITECTURAL TREATMEN

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DESKTOP STUDY -3

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• USER GROUPS • SPACES • TRANSITIONAL SPACES • SWOT

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DESKTOP STUDY -4

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• • • • • •

INTRODUCTION CLIMATE ANALYSIS PROXIMITY PARKING CONCEPT User groups

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DESKTOP STUDY -4

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• Floor plans

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DESKTOP STUDY -4

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• Floor plans

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DESKTOP STUDY -4

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• • • • • •

AREA STATEMENT SWOT TRANSITIONAL SPACES CONNECTIVITY SITE TOPOGRAPHY COLOP PALATE

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DESKTOP STUDY 4

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• • • •

ZONNING DRINAGE LINES CIRCULATION landscape

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Quantitative analysis

Ar.SARANYA

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DESKTOP STUDY -1

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• LOCATION • PLACEMENT ON SITE • SITE ZONNONG

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DESKTOP STUDY -1

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• PARKING • TRANSITIONAL SPACES • CIRCULATION • VEGITATION

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46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

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• ALL DIMENSONS ARE IN METERS • PATHWAY – 3M WIDE • ROAD- 9M WIDE CAR PARKING • 2 WHEELER – 105 • 4WHEELER – 196 • BUSES - 6

1:500

SITE PLAN

64

ACADEMIC BLOCK S.no SPACE DIMENSION AREA 1 LOBY 13.27X12.O8 160.301 2 FACULTY ROOM 7.76X8.38 65.02 3 STAFF ROOM 12.27X11.02 135.215 4 ART ROOM G.M.T 12.04X12.27 147.73 FASHION DESIGNING 5 9.27X12.27 113.742 STUDIO 6 SEMINAR ROOM 10342 7 ART ROOM G.M.T 13.5X12.3 166.05 8 PATTERN MAKING ROOM 147.93 9 PATTERN MAKING ROOM 147.93 10 LOCKER ROOM 6.54X5.54 36.231 12 FASHION DESIGN [4] 5.54X5.04 27.921 13 G.M.T [2] 6.77X5.54 37.505 14 G.M.T 8X5.04 40.32 15 G.M.T 5.54X4.655 25.78 NOTE : All dimesnions are in meters

• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

B

ACADEMIC BLOCK – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

A 1:150

ACADEMIC BLOCK – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

65

ACADEMIC BLOCK S.no SPACE DIMENSION AREA 1 MACHINE ROOM 12.27X11.02 135.21 2 ART ROOM 12.04X12.27 147.73 3 FASHION DESIGNING STUDIO 9.27X12.27 113.74 4 ART ROOM G.M.T 13.5X12.28 162.71 5 SEMINAR ROOM 103.42 6 EXHIBITION HALL 174.204 APAREL MARKETING AND 7 MERCHANT[4] 5.54X5.04 27.9216 NOTE : All dimesnions are in meters

• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

B

ACADEMIC BLOCK – FIRST FLOOR PLAN

A 1:150

ACADEMIC BLOCK – FIRST FLOOR PLAN

66

ACADEMIC BLOCK S.no SPACE DIMENSION AREA 1 DYEING WORKSHOP 12.27X11.02 135.21 2 MACHINE ROOM 12.04X12.27 147.73 3 MACHINE ROOM 13.5X12.28 165.78 4 MACHINE ROOM 9.27X12.27 113.74 5 PHOTOGRAPHY STUDIO+DRAK ROOM 103.42 NOTE : All dimesnions are in meters

• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

B

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SECOND FLOOR PLAN

A 1:150

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SECOND FLOOR PLAN

67

FAÇADE TREATMENT : • LIVING WALL • WOODEN PANEL • METAL FINS • PERFORATED JALI • DESIGNER JALI - GRC • GRID /FINS GRC

ACADEMIC BLOCK – WEST ELEVATIONS - A

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SOUTH ELEVATIONS - B

1:150

ACADEMIC BLOCK – ELEVATIONS

68

WALL THICKNESS – 0.23 M SLAB THICKNESS - 0.15M THCKNESS BEAMS – 0.23X045 COLUNM– 0.6X 0.23M 0.45 X 023 M 0.23 X 0.23 M

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SECTIONS B-B’

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SECTIONS C-C’

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SECTIONS A-A’ 1:150

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SECTIONS

69

• FACULTY CIRCULATION

ACADEMIC BLOCK – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

ACADEMIC BLOCK –SECOND FLOOR PLAN

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1:300

ACADEMIC BLOCK – FACULTY CIRCULATION

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• STUDENT CIRCULATION

ACADEMIC BLOCK – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

ACADEMIC BLOCK –SECOND FLOOR PLAN

ACADEMIC BLOCK – SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1:300

ACADEMIC BLOCK – STUDENT CIRCULATION

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ADMIN BLOCK S.no SPACE DIMENSION AREA 1 OFFICERS CABIN 285.58 2 STORE /RECORD ROOM 4.6X3.31 16.22 3 REGISTRATION OFFICE 5.88X8.45 49.686 4 PANTRY 8.45X9.636 81.424

A

• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

B

ADMIN BLOCK – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

1:150

ADMIN BLOCK – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

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ADMIN BLOCK S.no SPACE DIMENSION AREA 1 PRINCIPLE ROOM 9.77X7.88 76.98 2 BOARD ROOM 9.77X12.11 118.314 3 CONFERENCE ROOM 8.45X14 118.3 4 PROJECT AND RESEARCH 8.45X15.63 132.07 5 ADMISSION OFFICER 6.11X9.43 57.617

A

• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

B

ADMIN BLOCK – FIRST FLOOR PLAN

1:150

ADMIN BLOCK – FIRST FLOOR PLAN

73

• STUDENT CIRCULATION

ADMIN BLOCK – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

ADMIN BLOCK – FIRST FLOOR PLAN

1:100

ADMIN BLOCK – CIRCULATION

74

FAÇADE TREATMENTS • GALS CURTAIN WALL • PROJECTIONS • TEXTURED WALL • GREEN WALL WITH CREAPERS • BRICK CLADDING

ADMIN BLOCK –EAST ELEVATION

ADMIN BLOCK – SOUTH ELEVATION

1:150

ADMIN BLOCK – ELEVATIONS

75

WALL THICKNESS – 0.23 M SLAB THICKNESS - 0.15M THCKNESS BEAMS – 0.23X045 COLUNM– 0.6X 0.23M 0.45 X 023 M 0.23 X 0.23 M

ADMIN BLOCK – SECTION X-X’

ADMIN BLOCK – SECTION Y –Y’

1:150

ADMIN BLOCK – SECTIONS

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• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

LIBRARY – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

LIBRARY – FIRST FLOOR PLAN

1:150

LIBRARY – FLOOR PLANS

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• STUDENT CIRCULATION

1:150

LIBRARY- ART GALLERY -CIRCULATION PLANS

78

A

• PLINTH – 0.6 M Façade treatments • Glass and metal curtain walls • Projection • Green wall WALL THICKNESS – 0.23 M SLAB THICKNESS - 0.15M THCKNESS BEAMS – 0.23X045 COLUNM– 0.6X 0.23M 0.45 X 023 M 0.23 X 0.23 M

ADMIN BLOCK – FLOOR PLAN

ADMIN BLOCK – EAST ELEVATION

ADMIN BLOCK – SECTION

1:150

ART GALLERY

79

• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

CANTEEN FLOOR PLAN

CANTEEN FLOOR PLAN

80

• STUDENT CIRCULATION

AUDITORIUM - CIRCULATION

CANTEEN - CIRCULATION

1:150

AUDITORIUM – CANTEEN - CIRCULATION

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• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12 AUDITORIUM S.no SPACE 1 LOBY 2 TOILET - FEMALE 3 TOILET - MALE 4 VIP ROOM 5 STORE ROOM 6 FEMALE DRESSING 7 MALE DRESSING 8 WAITING ROOM

AREA 42.125 50.15 60.175 60.17 27.931 33.439 80.98

B

A

AUDITORIUM FLOOR PLAN

1:150

AUDITORIUM FLOOR PLAN

82

AUDITORIUM SOUTH ELEVATION

AUDITORIUM WEST ELEVATION

AUDITORIUM ELEVATIONS

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WALL THICKNESS – 0.23 M SLAB THICKNESS - 0.15M THCKNESS BEAMS – 0.23X045 COLUNM– 0.6X 0.23M 0.45 X 023 M 0.23 X 0.23 M WAFFLE SLAB

P

AUDITORIUM – SECTION Y-Y’

DETAILS AT P

AUDITORIUM – SECTION X-X’

1:150

AUDITORIUM - SECTIONS

84

• ALL DIMENSONS ARE IN METERS • PATHWAY – 3M WIDE • ROAD- 9M WIDE CAR PARKING • 2 WHEELER – 105 • 4WHEELER – 196 • BUSES - 6

SITE PLAN – WORKING DRAWINGS

1:500

SITE PLAN – WORKING DRAWINGS

85

• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

B

A

HOSTEL GROUND FLOOR PLAN

1:150

HOSTEL GROUND FLOOR PLAN

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• PLINTH – 0.6 M • RAMP RATIO – 1:12

B

A HOSTEL FIRST FLOOR PLAN

1:150

HOSTEL FIRST FLOOR PLAN

87

• PLINTH – 0.6 M •WALL RAMP RATIO –– 0.23 1:12M THICKNESS SLAB THICKNESS - 0.15M THCKNESS BEAMS – 0.23X045 COLUNM– 0.6X 0.23M 0.45 X 023 M 0.23 X 0.23 M

HOSTEL TERRACE FLOOR PLAN

1:150

HOSTEL TERRACE FLOOR PLAN

88

WALL THICKNESS – 0.23 M SLAB THICKNESS - 0.15M THCKNESS BEAMS – 0.23X045 COLUNM– 0.6X 0.23M 0.45 X 023 M 0.23 X 0.23 M

HOSTEL – GROUND FLOOR BRICK LAYOUT

1:150

HOSTEL – BRICK LAYOUT

89

WALL THICKNESS – 0.23 M SLAB THICKNESS - 0.15M THCKNESS BEAMS – 0.23X045 COLUNM– 0.6X 0.23M 0.45 X 023 M 0.23 X 0.23 M

HOSTEL – FIRST BRICK LAYOUT

1:150

HOSTEL – BRICK LAYOUT

90

HOSTEL - WEST ELEVATION

HOSTEL – EAST ELEVATION

1:150

HOSTEL - ELEVATIONS

91

WALL THICKNESS – 0.23 M SLAB THICKNESS - 0.15M THCKNESS BEAMS – 0.23X045 COLUNM– 0.6X 0.23M 0.45 X 023 M 0.23 X 0.23 M

P

Q

HOSTEL – SECTION B-B’

HOSTEL – SECTION A-A’

DETAILS AT Q

DETAILS AT -P

1:150

HOSTEL - SECTIONS

92

• FACULTY CIRCULATION • STUDENT CIRCULATION

HOSTEL GROUND FLOOR PLAN STUDENT CIRCULATIION

HOSTEL GROUND FLOOR PLAN – MAINTENANCE CIRCULATIION

HOSTEL FIRST FLOOR PLAN – STUDENT CIRCULATIION

HOSTEL FIRST FLOOR PLAN – MAINETENENCE CIRCULATIION

1:200

HOSTEL CIRCULATION PLAN

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FLOORING PLAN

1:150

FLOORING PLAN

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COLUMN DETAIL

COLUMN SCHEDULE

CENTERLINE PLAN

1:150

CENTERLINE PLAN

95

FOOTING SCHEDULE

FOOTING DETAILS

FOOTING FOOTING

1:150

FOOTING

96

EXCAVATION SCHEDULE

EXCAVATION

1:150

EXCAVATION

97

BEAM B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7,B8,B9,B10 B11,B12,B13,B14 B17,B18,B19,B20 B16 B21 B22 B23 B24

L 5.77 8.77 8.28 5.762 4.57 10.115 12.813 25.575 36.259 7.867 6.117 11.981 11.922 11.875

B 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23

D 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45

BEAMS DETAIL

BEAMS LAYOYT – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

1:150

BEAMS LAYOYT – GROUND FLOOR PLAN

98

BEAM B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7,B8,B9,B10 B11,B12,B13,B14 B17,B18,B19,B20 B16 B21 B22 B23 B24

L 5.77 8.77 8.28 5.762 4.57 10.115 12.813 25.575 36.259 7.867 6.117 11.981 11.922 11.875

B 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23

D 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45

FIRST FLOOR BEAMS LAYOUT

1:150

FIRST FLOOR BEAMS LAYOUT

99

ELECTRIC PLAN – SWITCHBOARD TO APPLIANCES

1:150

ELECTRIC PLAN

100

ELECTRIC PLAN – M.D.B – SWITCH BOARD

1:150

ELECTRIC PLAN

101

ELECTRIC PLAN – CONDUIT LAYOUT

1:150

ELECTRIC PLAN – CONDUIT LAYOUT

102

TOILET DETAIL

PLUMBING – TOILET WATER SUPPLY

1:150

PLUMBING – TOILET WATER SUPPLY

103

PLUMBING - SITE WATER DISTRIBUTION

1:150

PLUMBING - SITE WATER DISTRIBUTION

104

SEWAGE LINES DETAILS

PLUMBING – SEWAGE LINES

1:150

PLUMBING – SEWAGE LINES

105

PLUMBING – SITE SEWAGE LINES

1:150

PLUMBING – SEWAGE LINES

106

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