24 J UL Y 2017
Ar eyouont heBETAdat abas e? BETAdevel opment si nphot ogr aphy i sdi s t r i but edf r eeofc har geont he i s s uu. c om pl at f or m.Not i f i c at i onsand l i nksar edi s t r i but edvi aourmai l c hi mp dat abas e.Tomakes ur eyoudon’ tmi s s whenanew c opyofBETAi savai l abl e got ot hi sl i nk:ht t p: / / eepur l . c om/ b9CkaX andaddyourdet ai l s .Wepr omi s enot t of i l lyouri nboxwi t hheapsofs pam orpas s onyourc ont ac ti nf or mat i ont o anyt hi r dpar t y.
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Al lc ont enti nt hi smagaz i nei s© 2017BETAdevel opment si nphot ogr aphyandt he c ont r i but i ngar t i s t sandmaynotber epr oduc edwi t houtt he expr es swr i t t enper mi s s i on ofBETAdevel opment si nphot ogr aphys avef orf ai rdeal i ngf ort hepur pos eof r es ear c h,s t udy,c r i t i c i s m,r evi ew andr epor t i ngofnews .Al lot herr i ght sar e r es er ved.
Wei nv i t es ubmi s s i onsf orpos s i bl ei nc l us i oni nf ut ur ei s uesofBETAdev el opment si n phot ogr aphy .Downl oads pec i f i c at i onsf ors ubmi s s i onsatht t p: / / bet adi p. c om and s endusy ourwor kf orc ons i der at i on.I fwel i k ewhatwes eewe’ l lbei nt ouc h.
BET A AL UMNI ALRAWI Bas i l#4 ASHF ARHoda#2 AL TMANBen #19 ANDE RSONRi#22 AZHARChe’ Ahmad#18 BACONKI DWE L LAngel a#5&#16 BARKE RMandy#13 BATE MANE dwar d#22 BE CKE RCr ai g#19 BI RDL eon #11&#16 BL ACKWOODChr i s t a#10 BL ANCHAl i c e#5 BODI NJohn#10 BOGUETer enc eSt ewar t#6 BONANNOSi mona#7 BRADL E YTodd#22 BURNSTI NESus an#9 CAGAJan#15 CARL I L EBr ad#12 CARTI E RF&D #10 CASHNei l#1, #23 CATOJohn#6 CHANGHe #15 CHASKI E L BE RGAl ej andr o#16 CHE NCal v i n#22 COCKBURNGar y#18 CONROYJul i et t e#10 CRAVE RNei l#8 CRE SPOCar l os#11 CRI SPI NJudi t h#1 DATTOAr k o#18 DAWSONAl ec#10 DEMAARMar r i gj e#6 DE CYKSl av o#1 DHE RVI L L E RSNi c ol as#16 DI AZF r anc i s c o#6 DI NI ZJos e#4 DOBSONSus an#13 DUNPHYPet er#4 DUPONTSt ephen#16 DYACHYSHYN Yur k o#4&#16 E RBCar ol#22
E L MSGr eg#5 F AHRE NKE MPE RCl audi a#6 F OURNE TAnnet t e #14 GL ATTAUE RSi l v i#17 GOL DF I NCHKar ena#1 GOL L I NGSJohn#1 GRI E SPat r i c k#3 GRI F F I THTi m #1 HARDI NGPI TTMANRober t#9 HARMANAmanda #19 HARRI SSam #16 HARSE NTSi mon #15 HAYJohn #12 HE WI TTTony #6 HOL L OWAYCr ai g#7 HOPETi m #3 HOVSE PI ANAr am #22 HORANKei t h#9 JANTZE NMi c hael #23 JACKSONTony #8 JOE RGE NSE NOl eMar i us#21 JORE N Ger har d #1 JOSL I NRus s el l#6 KANASHKE VI C Mi t c hel l#16 KATSAROVABor y ana#16 KE ARNE YTony#2 KE E VE RKi m #18 KE L L NE RThomas#16 KI M Sungmi n#23 KI RKPATRI CKBear #12 KOZHANOVAMar i y a #11 KRI VI CMat j az #20 KRUGHKent #12 KURL ATGal i na #4 L E CHNE RJur gen#13 L E UNI GHel ga#23 L I PSKYCl ay#3 L ONGJane #16 MACAKSoni a#6 MACRAESheena#6 MAL E ONN #1&#6 MARCI NBen#3
MARSHAL LSt ev e#8 MASONBel i nda#16 MASTE RSMi c hael#8 MCCAI G Amber#16 ME L DE RKei t h #17 MI L L E RNat han #7 MI L L OTTRi c har d #16 MORANRober t #14 NI NOMI YANaohi r o#23 NORTONMi c hael#1 O” SHE AMer edi t h #6 PAGECol i n #6 PAI NEJef f#17 PANGXi anL i ang#16 PAYNEChr i s t opher #19 PE NGXi angj i e#21 PE RE TTI Vi v i ana #2 RANKE NJac k i e #6 RANSOM &MI TCHE L L#19 RASMANI SKar a#1&#16 RE I NHARTJohannes#21 ROGE RSPRI TZLMi c hel l e#13 ROPPWi l l i am #14 ROSSDoc#6 ROTHEF r ank#9 RUOTE DRober t#5 SCHAF F E RRod#2 SCHE URWATE RHes t er#6 SCI BE L L I Ant hony#9 SCRI BAJ #16 SHAYE NVi k k#2&#6 SHE NChaoL i ang #20 SHE PPARDGar y#7 SHE RRODJudyF#5 SHI M Jai Yon#2 SI MONUTTI L aur en#1 SMAL L MANJohn #17 STAL L E RJan#20 STE RNBACHJoni#18 STE VE NSSGay l e#5 STONE MANE mma#7
SUNDE TDi da#17 TACONDav e#16 TADROSI nget j e#14 THOMSONMat t#17 VANNI E REMi c hel e#16 VANWE L L E GHE MF r eder i c k#3 VE RSTE E GGr eer#11 VI NCI GUE RRAGuy#6 VL ASE NKOVs ev ol od#15 VUKOBRATOVI CRi na #4 WADDI NGTONRod#5 WAL L SRob#20 WE RTHE I M Andr es#13 WI L L I AMSDav i dA #16 WI L L I AMSMi c hel l e#17 WI TMANDeanna#3 WRI GL E YBen#16 ZAMMI TL UPI Dar r i n#16 ZE I L ONE l i s abet h#6 ZHAO Zengy i#21
Cont e nt s
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K O R E A N D R E A MS [ 2 0 1 6 ]
Ki mJ ongI l Ki mJ ongI lwast heSupr emeL eaderoft heDemoc r at i c Peopl eʼ sRepubl i cofKor eabet ween1994and2011. Af f ec t i onat el yr ef er r edt oast he“DearL eader ”,Ki m J ongI lpr es i dedoverahi ghl yr epr es s i ver egi met hat c ont r ol l edvi r t ual l yever yas pec tofpol i t i c al ,s oc i aland ec onomi cl i f e.Not e:T heNor t hKor eangover nment webs i t eonc es t at edt hatKi mJ ongI lwast hewor l d gr eat es tgol f erandneverneededt our i nat eordef ec at e.
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Phot ogr aphe rNat hal i eDaous t ’ sne we s t pr oj e c t ,Kor e anDr e ams ,i sac ompl e x s e r i e st hatpr obe st heuns e t t l i ngv ac ui t y ofNor t hKor e a.Pi e r c i ngi t sv e i lwi t hhe r l e ns ,t he s ei mage sr e v e alac ount r yt hat s e e mst oe x i s tout s i deoft i me ,asac ar e f ul l yc hor e ogr aphe dmi r age .Daous thas s pe ntmuc hofhe rc ar e e re x pl or i ngt he c hi me r i cwor l doff ant as y :t hehi dde n de s i r e sandur ge st hatc ompe lpe opl et o dr e am,t odr e s sup,t omov ebe y ondt he boundsofc onv e nt i onandt oe s c apef r om r e al i t y .Wi t hKor e anDr e amss hei s e x pl or i ngt hi se s c api s ti mpul s enotasan i ndi v i dualc hoi c e ,butasawayofl i f e f or c e duponane nt i r enat i on. Daous tde l i be r at e l yobs c ur e she r phot ogr aphsdur i ngt hede v e l opme nt s t age ,ast hel ay e r soff i l mar epe e l e d of f ,t hei mage sar es t i f l e dunt i lt he f ac t sbe c ome s' l os t ' i nt hepr oc e s sand as e ns eofde t ac hme ntf r omr e al i t yi s r e v e al e d.Thi sdar k r oomme t hod mi mi c st hewayi nf or mat i oni st r ans f e r r e di nNor t hKor e a–t hephot ogr aphs ,ast heNor t hKor e ape opl e , ar ebot hmani pul at e dunt i lt heunde r l y i ngt r ut hi sal lbutabl ur .The r e s ul t antpi c t ur e ss pe akt oNor t h Kor e ans oc i e t y ,ofmi s s i ngi nf or mat i onandt r ut hc onc e al e d. -Samant haSmal l-
NA T H A L I E D A O U S T
Amus ementPar k Kaes onPar ki sNor t h Kor eaĘź sequi val entof Di s neyWor l danddat es bac kt o1984.I tof f er s t enors or ol l erc oas t er r i des ,pr ovi di ngar ar e s i t uat i oni nwhi c ht he gover nmentac t ual l y enc our agesl ei s ur eand enj oyment .However , t her i desar es ai dt oc os t mor et hanhal fan aver agemont hl ys al ar y whi c hc l ear l yput st hem beyondt her eac hof mos toft hel oc al popul at i on. Not e:I thasbeen r epor t edt hati nor der t oens ur es af et y, t her us t edr ol l er c oas t er sar er egul ar l y t es t edbyl oc alf ar mer s . 8|
J ur c heT ower J uc heT owerwasbui l t t oc el ebr at eKi mI l s ungĘź s 70t hbi r t hdayandc ompr i s es25550pi ec esof s t one,eac hr epr es ent i ng adayofhi sl i f e. Not e:T het oweri st hought t obebas edont he Was hi ngt onMonument , whi c hi ts ur pas s esi nhei ght byl es st hanamet er .
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El ec t i ons El ec t i onst akepl ac eever y f i veyear sandal lc i t i zens ar eobl i gat edt ovot e. Vot i ngl ac ksanyr eal pol i t i c als i gni f i c anc e s i nc ebal l otpaper sl i s t onl yONEc andi dat e. I npr ac t i c e,el ec t i onsar e us edbyt hegover nment t okeept r ac koft hei r peopl eandt ounc over pos s i bl edef ec t or s .
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T heAr i r angMas sGamesi s per f or meds i mul t aneous l yby 100, 000gymnas t sandc el ebr at est heher oi cexpl oi t sof Nor t hKor eaʼ sgr eatl eader s . Behi ndt hem,30000c hi l dr en hol dupc ol our edc ar dst o c r eat eaʻ humanbi l l boar dʼ , wher eeac hc hi l dbec omesa pi xeli nac ons t ant l yc hangi ng bac kdr op.Chi l dr enasyoung asf i vear es el ec t edf ort he Gamesandt r ai nedt wel ve hour sdai l ydur i ngt hemont hs pr ec edi ngt heevent . 12|
Hi gherEduc at i on Ki mI lSungUni ver s i t y,f ounded i nOc t ober1946,i st hec ount r yĘź s onl yc ompr ehens i vehi gher educ at i oni ns t i t ut i onof f er i ng Bac hel or s ,Mas t er s ,and Doc t or aldegr ees .T he Uni ver s i t ypl aysani mpor t ant r ol ei npr epar i ngt her ul i ng el i t ef orpos i t i onsi nt hepar t y andgover nment .
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St udent shaveac c es st oa r es ear c hr oom wi t hi nt er net ac c es sbutwebs i t esar e moni t or edandr es t r i c t ed, whi l eal lbooksand mat er i alar epr eappr oved byt hegover nment .
Ki mI l SungSquar ei sa c ent r alf oc alpoi nti n Pyongyangf orf r equent r al l i es ,danc esand mi l i t ar ypar ades .Si mi l ar i ndes i gnandf unc t i ont o T i ananmenSquar ei n Bei j i ng,t hes quar e meas ur es75, 000s quar e met r esandc anhol dupt o 100, 000peopl e.Por t r ai t s ofKi mI l s ungandKi m J ongI lar edi s pl ayedon bui l di ngss ur r oundi ngt he s quar ewher epor t r ai t sof Kar lMar xandVl adi mi r L eni nonc es t ood. 14|
Chi l dPer f or manc es Youngc hi l dr enper f or mc ompl ex r out i nesf ort our i s t sandac hi eve di s t ur bi ngl evel sofper f ec t i on. Al t houghi ti sanhonourf ora c hi l dt obes el ec t edf ort hes e per f or manc es ,c hi l dr enar e r egul ar l yc oer c edandmi s t r eat ed.Food,wat erandvi s i t s t ot het oi l etar ewi t hhel di n or dert oi ns t al lanear l ys ens e ofdi s c i pl i ne.
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T hr eeGener at i onsofPuni s hment Nor t hKor eal aw s pec i f i es ʻ t hr eegener at i onsofpuni s hment ʼ . I fyouc ommi tac r i me,your c hi l dr enandgr andc hi l dr en wi l lal s or ec ei vet hef ul lbr untof puni s hment ,whi c hof t eni nvol ves al i f et i mei npr i s on.Chi l dr enbor n i npr i s onar er ai s edaspr i s oner s bec aus et hei r“bl oodi sgui l t y”. I ns t i t ut edi n1950,t hi sl aw was s uppos edt oel i mi nat et hebl ood l i nageofc ount err evol ut i onar y Nor t hKor eansaf t ert hewar . 17|
I nc ome Mor et han12mi l l i onpeopl e i nNor t hKor eal i vei next r eme pover t y.T her ear evar i ous t al est owhatt hemont hl y aver ages al ar yi sbutr epor t s gof r om $100t oasl i t t l eas $1amont h.Foodr at i oni ng i swi des pr eadandmanyar e f or c edt owor ki ni l l egal f ac t or i es ,maki ngs hoesand c l ot hest oear nmoneyont he bl ac kmar ket .
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Heal t hCar e I n1947,f r eeheal t hc ar ewas i nt r oduc edf oral lc i t i zensi n Nor t hKor ea,butt hes ys t em c ol l aps edi nt hel at eei ght i es . Manyhos pi t al soper at ewi t houtel ec t r i c i t yorheatandal l pat i ent shavet obuyt hei rown medi c i nes .Whi l evi s i t i nga hos pi t alwewer et ol dt hatno handi c apc hi l dr enwer ebor n i nNor t hKor eas i nc et he1950Ęź s duet ot hei rs t r onggenes .
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Not e:A Nor t hKor eandoc t or whodef ec t ed,RiKwangc hol , hasc l ai medt hatbabi esbor n wi t hphys i c aldef ec t sar er api dl y putt odeat handbur i ed.
Sc hool i ng Educ at i oni suni ver s al ands t at ef unded. Ac c or di ngt ot heCI A Nor t hKor eahasa 100% l i t er ac yr at e ands t udent shavet o c ompl et eat hr eeyear , 81hourc our s eon Ki mJ ongun. Not e:I nt he1990s al lt eac her swer e r equi r edt opas san ac c or di ont es tbef or e bei ngabl et or ec ei v e t hei rt eac hi ng c er t i f i c at e.
Bi c yc l es T hel at eKi mJ ongI lr epor t edl y f el tt hatt hes i ghtofawoman onabi kewaspot ent i al l ydamagi ngt opubl i cmor al i t y.I twas t hel as ts t r aw when,i nt hemi d ni net i es ,t hedaught erofat op gener alwaski l l edonabi ke. Fr om t hi spoi ntf or war d,t hel aw hasper i odi c al l ybannedwomen f r om r i di ngbi c yc l esandt hey ar egener al l yr es t r i c t edf r om hol di ngdr i vi ngl i c ens es .
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T r af f i cL i ght s Vi r t ual l ynoneoft het r af f i c l i ght si nNor t hKor eaoper at e duet oc ons t antel ec t r i c i t y c ut sandpoormai nt enanc e. I ns t ead,pol i c emenandwomen oper at el i k emac hi nes ,s t andi ng att hec ent r eofmanyi nt er s ec t i ons ,t oc ont r olt hef ew c ar s ont her oad.
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Pl eas ur eBr i gade T heKi ppumj oorGi ppeumj o ( t r ans l at edvar i ous l yasPl eas ur e Squad,Pl eas ur eBr i gadeorJ oy Di vi s i on)i sanal l egedc ol l ec t i on ofgr oupsofappr oxi mat el y 2, 000womenandgi r l st hati s mai nt ai nedbyt heheadofs t at e ofNor t hKor eaf ort hepur pos e ofpr ovi di ngpl eas ur e,mos t l yof as exualnat ur e,andent er t ai nmentf orhi ghr ank i ngWor k er s ʼ Par t yofKor eaof f i c i al sandt hei r f ami l i es ,aswel lasoc c as i onal l y di s t i ngui s hedgues t s . 24|
Pr i s on/Conc ent r at i onCamps Nor t hKor eac ur r ent l yoper at es s i xt eenc onf i r medc onc ent r at i ons c ampswher eupt o200, 000 men,womenandc hi l dr enar e i nc ar c er at ed.Somear et hes i ze ofc i t i esandmor t al i t yr at esar e hi ghs i nc epr i s oner sar ef or c edt o per f or m danger ouss l avewor k andar er egul ar l yt or t ur ed.
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Not e:Manyoft hos ei mpr i s oned ar enotgui l t yofanyr ealc r i me: onemanwass entt opr i s onf or t enyear sf orabs ent mi ndedl y us i nganews paperpr i nt edwi t h aphot ogr aphofKi mJ ongI lt o mopupas pi l l eddr i nk.
Mas sGat her i ng T heNor t hKor eanc ons t i t ut i on guar ant eest hef r eedomsof s peec handas s embl ybuti n pr ac t i c et her egi medoesnot t ol er at eanyc hal l enget oi t s aut hor i t yorpr opaganda mac hi ne.Gat her i ngsout s i de s t at eor gani s edc i vi cevent s andc er emoni esar es t r i c t l y pr ohi bi t edi nor dert opr event t hes pr eadofdanger ous l i ber ali deas .
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Subway T hePyongyangs ubwayhas s event eens t opsandc ons i s t s oft wos epar at el i nes .Bur i ed atadept hofonehundr ed met er s ,i ti soneoft hedeepes t c ommut ers ys t emsi nt hewor l d. Asar es ul t ,i tt akespas s enger s near l yf ourmi nut est odes c end t ot hepl at f or m byes c al at or . T hes ubways ys t em al s odoubl es asanuc l earbunkeri nc as eof at t ac kandal lhal l waysar e pr ot ec t edbyt hi c ks t eelbl as tdoor s . 28|
Mi l i t ar y Mi l i t ar ys er vi c ei smandat or y f oral lc i t i zens ,bei ngc ur r ent l y 7year sf orwomenand10f or men,pl us1or2year sof vol unt ar yext ens i on.Af t ert hei r s er vi c eal lmi l i t ar i eshavet oj oi n ami l i t ar yr es er ve,whi c hi s equal l yc ompul s or yunt i lt heage of60.I ti st hel ar ges tpar ami l i t ar yor gani zat i ononEar t h. T hi snumberr epr es ent s25% of t hepopul at i on.
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Nat hal i eDaous t ’ sphot ogr aphs popul at i ngt heAl ps .Daous thas r e f l e c tal ov ef orr andompl ac e s c r e at e danoe uv r et hati sbot h andawi l d,i ne x haus t i bl es e ns e di v e r s eandi nt e ns e .Se e k i ng ofi nqui s i t i v e ne s s .Ex pl or i ng, t ot r ans l at ehe ral mos tc hi l dl i k e e x pe r i e nc i nganddoc ume nt i ng c ur i os i t y ,he rpe r s e v e r anc eandhe r r ar e l yv i s i t e dl ands c ape sand hi ghl yi ndi v i duali nt e r pr e t at i onoft he c ar e f ul l yhi dde nhot e lr ooms , wor l di nt of ai r y t al el i k es t or i e s ,s he s hes pe ntt hel as tde c adepr os i ngl e -hande dl yc r e at e sne wmy t hs duc i ngv oy e ur i s t i ci ns i ght si nt o aboutmode r ndays oc i e t y ,aswe l l t he s eot he r wi s ev e i l e de x i s t e nc e s . asr e al l i f es t or i e soft heunde r dogs . TheCanadi anphot ogr aphe r , -Ge or gi aHaags mawhos t udi e dt het e c hni c al Si nc emyv e r yf i r s te x pe r i me nt si n as pe c t sofphot ogr aphyatt he p h o t o g r a p h y I h a v e b e e n f a s c i n a t e d Cé ge pduVi e ux Mont r é al ,s pe nt b y h u m a n b e h a v i o r a n d i t s v a r i o u s t woy e ar si nt hel at eni ne t i e sl i v i ng r e al i t i e s ,byt hee v e r pr e s e nthuman i nt heCar l t onAr msHot e li nNe w d e s i r e o f l i v i n g i n a d r e a m wor l d. Yor k .Ther ooms ,al lt he me dand T h e a e s t h e t i c o f m y n e w p r o j e c t de c or at e dwi t hwi l d,c ol our f ul c ont i nue st hi sv i s uale x pl or at i onat mur al sf or me dane x c e l l e ntbac k t h e b o r d e r b e t w e e n d r e a m a n d r e al i t y , gr oundf orDaous t ’ sphot ogr aphi c y e t t h i s t i m e i t e m b r a c e s e s c a p i s m o f pr oj e c t swhi c hf oc us e dont he ac ount r yandt heac tofl oos i ngone s e l f dar k ,obs c ur eand,e s pe c i al l yi n w i t h i n i t . My o b j e c t i v e a s a n a r t i s t i s t hos ey e ar s ,t heghos t l y .Shehas opus ht heboundar i e sofphot ogr aphy t r av e l e de x t e ns i v e l yandt ookphot os t t h r o u g h e x p e r i m e n t a l m e t h o d s , w o r k i ng notonl yofNe wYor khot e lr ooms w i t h n e w m e d i u m s a n d d i s c o v e r i n g n e w butal s oofTok y o’ sr e dl i ghtdi s t r i c t , t e c h n i q u e s i n t h e d a r k r o o m . Br az i l i anbr ot he l sandSwi s snat ur i s t s
F A S H I O NI S T A S I S T A
Vi c k yPapasVe r gar ai san i nt e r nat i onmalawar d wi nni ngphot ogr aphe r andt hec r e at i v ef or c e be hi ndVe r gar a.He rc ame r a i she rme di umofc hoi c ef or c r e at i ngs e ns uousnude s , por t r ai t sandf as hi on.She hasde f i ne dac har ac t e r i s t i c s t y l et hati nc or por at e shand f i ni s he dpr i nt s . Thr oughoutt hee nt i r ephot ogr aphi cj our ne yPapasVe r gar a i st heaut hor ,wi t hhe ri nhe r e nt ar t i s t i cabi l i t yande x c e pt i onal e y ef orf as hi on,s t y l i ng,s t agi ng andl i ght i ng.Ce l e br at i ngt he hy pe r f e mi ni ne ,i nf l ue nc e sof c out ur e ,bur l e s queandol d Hol l y woodar ee v i de nti nt he gr ac e f ulpos t ur i ngand dr amat i cc ompos i t i ons . I n ador at i onoft hef e mal ef or m s hepl ac e st hef i gur eona pe de s t alt ober e v e r e d.
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Mani f e s t i nghe rj our ne yt hr oughav i s i on, i nt e r nat i onalawar dwi nni ngphot ogr aphe r andc out ur ear t i s tVi c k yPapasi st hec r e at i v e br ai nc hi l dbe hi ndt hebr andVERGARA. He ri nnov at i v egi f t sofphot ogr aphy ,f as hi on c out ur ec r e at i on,ands t y l i ng,hal l mar k VERGARAgl amour .He rf r e es pi r i t e dboundl e s sappr oac ht ol i f ei st hee s s e nc eof VERGARAt hatl e dhe rt oas pr i ngof c r e at i v i t y ,t hatf ormanyy e ar s ,l aydor mant . He runc annyabi l i t yt oc onne c ti nt i mat e l y wi t hal lofhe rs ubj e c t sal l owst hev i e we rt o i de nt i f ywi t hhe ri mage sonade e pand f ami l i arl e v e l .I nas hor ts pac eoft i me VERGARAandhe rmul t i f ac e t e dt al e nt s hav ebe e nqui c kt oe v ol v ei nt oady nami c br and,andc ol l abor at i ngwi t hot he rc r e at i v e s i nt hei ndus t r y ,s hei si nhe re l e me nt !
AV I C T I MO F I T S O WNS U C C E S S Ne wYor kCi t y ’ ss ubwayi s t hebi gge s tme t r os y s t e mi n t hewor l dt oope r at eona 24hourbas i s ,andal s oone oft heol de s t ,dat i ngbac kt o 1904.ForNe wYor k e r st he MTAi ss y nony mouswi t ha “s nai lpac e ”c ommut e .The s t r e s sofac r umbl i ngs y s t e m wi t hmor epas s e nge r st han e v e r— 6mi l l i onwe e k l y , ne ar l y1. 8bi l l i onannual l y —c aus e smor et han70, 000 de l ay se v e r ymont h.Par t sof t hes ubwayi nf r as t r uc t ur e , whi c hdat e st o1930,s pans ov e r488mi l e soft r ac k s t oppi ngat472s t at i ons ;wi t h as i gnals y s t e mt hatMTAc hai r manJ oeLhot ade s c r i be sas notonl ynotbe i ngdi gi t al , “i ti s n' te v e nanal og”.Many Ne wYor k e r shopet hepr opos e d pl anwi l lmak ede l ay sandt at t e r e ds ubwayc ar sat hi ngoft he pas tbut ,c ons i de r i ngt he c ur r e ntpac eofr e nov at i ons , t heoddsofl os i ngi t sr e t r o appe alany t i mes oons e e m mi ni mal ,atbe s t .
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Al f r e doBi nii sanI t al i anphot oj our nal i s twhol i v e sandwor k s i nNe wYor kCi t y .Hehaswor k e d wor l dwi dewi t hne ws pape r s , magaz i ne s ,andt e l e v i s i on, r e por t i ngonwar ,s oc i al ,and pol i t i c ali s s ue saswe l lasunde r t ak i ngUNage nc i e sas s i gnme nt s . Hehasbe e npubl i s he dbyt he ac ade mi cpubl i c at i onsandhas c ont r i but e de s s ay sf orc ul t ur al andpol i t i c alpubl i c at i ons .He hasbe e nague s tl e c t ur e ri n di f f e r e nte duc at i onali ns t i t ut i ons wor l dwi de ,f oc us i ngonphot oj our nal i s m,s oc i ali s s ue s ,e c onomy ,
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andge opol i t i c s .Hehas wor k e donc or por at epr oj e c t s f orc ompani e sandc or por at i onsandhasbe e na c ont r i but orandc ons ul t ant f ormot i onpi c t ur e s .
B E A U T I F U L MA C H I NE S Thi ss e r i e swasi ni t i at e di n 2016af t e rdi s c ov e r i ngaf e w hundr e ddi s c ar de ds e wi ng mac hi ne si nal andf i l ls i t e . I tdoc ume nt sal mos t300ofa t ot alof322s e wi ngmac hi ne s s al v age df r omt wos e par at e l oc at i ons . Thedome s t i c\ s e wi ng mac hi newasonc ee s s e nt i al f orr e s our c e f ull i v i ng.I the l d i mpor t anc eofpl ac ei nt he f ami l yhome .Muc hmor et han j us tanappl i anc e ;t he ywe r e t ool sr e qui r i ngope r at i onal s k i l ls e t st hate mpowe r e d c r e at or s , mak e r sandr e pai r e r s , s k i l l st hatwe r et r ans f e r r e d f r omonege ne r at i ont ot he ne x t .Aqual i t ymac hi newas s ome t hi ngt hathadhe r i t age . I c oni cbr andsonc ebui l tt he i r r e put at i onsar ounddur abi l i t y and s e r v i c e . Todayc he apout s our c e d manuf ac t ur i ngandr api d f as hi onc y c l e shav ede mot e d t hedome s t i cs e wi ngmac hi ne , wi t hi tf al l i ngv i c t i mt ol owe s t pr i c epoi nte c onomi c s .No l onge rv i abl et or e pai rt he y ar ede s i gne dt obedi s c ar de d. The s es e wi ngmac hi ne swe r e al lphot ogr aphe di nt hes ame c ondi t i ont he ywe r er e t r i e v e d, wi t hi nt e nt i onal l ys t ar kand di r e c tl i ght i ng. The s ear ei mage sc ompos e d f ort heout goi ngpr oduc t c at al ogue .Thee ndoft he “Be aut i f ulMac hi ne s �.
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