HESI Reading Comprehension Questions with Answers.

HESI A2 Reading Comprehension

Passage: Food Food and drink are necessary and desirable, but their abuse can cause serious physical and metal problem. Many physicians believe that overeating is one of the country's main health problems, since it places a great strain on the heart, can lead to diabetes, and often shortens the individual's life span. To fill an emotional void. people often turn to food when they are bored or lonely.

Another area of concern is alcohol consumption. The results of alcohol abuse are widely publicized. The social drinker who becomes alcoholic, the drunken driver's contribution to highway death, spousal and child abuse, are all concomitant problems associated with alcohol abuse.

1.What is implied by this paragraph? 

We should eat and drink in reasonable quantities.

2. The information presented in this article is 

Against drinking alcohol

3. The author seems to 

Oppose drinking alcohol

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4. As used in the last sentence of this paragraph the term "Concomitant" means. 

Accompanying

Passage: Eating Consumption of food is a universal necessity. Different cultures have developed different methods to accomplish the task. It is interesting to discover these differences and learn new ways to do things.

European cultures developed cutlery (knives, forks, and spoons) to enable people to efficiently eat their food. Correct use of this tools changes with the times-what was polite in 1800 may not be considered proper manners today.

China developed the chopstick as an efficient tool for eating. Mastery of the use of chopsticks can be difficult for the person not raised in the culture. The attempts of a novice to use chopsticks can be very amusing to the watcher, but frustrating for the hungry diner.

Space travel has created new challenges for consuming food. Squeeze bottles and other unique packaging have enabled space travelers to get their needed nutrition. Chopsticks and forks do not work well in space.

1.What is the best definition of efficient as used in the third paragraph? 

productive without waste

2.What conclusion can be drawn about the article?  The author explains differences in eating processes.

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3.What statement can be implied from the content of article. 

Diversity is interesting to learn about

4.What statement from the article draws the conclusion? 

it is interesting to discover new ways to do something

5.What statement from this article is correct? 

china developed chop sticks for eating utensils

Passage: The Game of Bridge The ebb and flow of laughter and silence fills the room as four old friends gather to engage in a round of Bridge playing.

For the beginner, Bridge can be complicated, but with time, effort, and a good teacher, even the novice can become proficient.

Composed of two main parts, bidding and playing, Bridge requires the player's undivided attention. The dealer deals the entire deck of playing cards evenly between the for players, with each person receiving thirteen cards. In the bidding portion of the game, the four suits of cards in the deck are ranked highest to lowest as follows: spades, hearts, diamonds, and finally clubs. However, during play all the suits of cards are considered equals, and they go from highest to lowest from the ace being high to the two card being low. The highest number of tricks wins. A trick is one card played by each player for a total of four. After the lead player lays down his/her card, the other players follow suit, if Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

possible. The highest card within the four "same suit" cards played wins the trick and picks up all four cards. if a player cannot follow suit, he/she plays any card, but to make the game more interesting and challenging, one suit is named a trump suit which means that if a player plays a card from the trump suit, it always wins the trick. If two cards from the trump suit are played, the highest card witching the trump suit wins the trick. obviously the team with the most tricks wins the hand.

1.The author wants the reader to feel? 

confident and excited about learning the game of bridge

2.Throughout this passage the word suit means 

Any of the four sets into which a deck of cards is divided

3.In the passage, a trick is described as 

A collection of one card played by each of four players

4.The passage explicitly states 

That the highest card witching the "trump" suit always wins the trick

5.The passage implies that 

playing bridge requires concentration

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Passage: The Golden Gate Bridge Linking San Francisco to Marin County in California, the Golden Gate Bridge is one of the most famous bridges in the world. The bridge crosses over a narrow strait which connects the Pacific Ocean to San Francisco Bay. Prior to the bridge, people traveled by ferry boat across the strait.

Although most people thought a bridge was necessary to expedite travel, some residents of the bay area felt the risk of building the bridge was too great. Joseph Strauss believed that nothing was impossible and dreams would never come to fruition if risks weren't taken. So he decided to gather the best and brightest builders, architects, and workers to embark on the challenge of building a bridge across the Golden Gate Strait.

With safety nets in place, the construction began in 1937. Building the anchorages first, the builders then move on to the towers on each end, and then to the three-foot thick cables to support the suspension bridge. Lastly, workers labored to complete the roadway which became the most dangerous and treacherous part of the entire task. The builders had to keep the bridge balance so it wouldn't fall into the bay.

Today, over sixty-five years later, the bridge remains a life-line for the people of the San Francisco Bay Area.

1.The authors reason for writing this piece seems to be to? 

Inform the reader

2.What body of water does The Golden Gate Bridge cross? 

Golden Gate Strait

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3.Why was the roadway so dangerous to build? 

If the road wasn't balance, it would collapse

4.Which part of the bridge was built first 

Anchorages

5.In passage the word embark means to 

Put or go on board a ship

Passage: Voice What effect does your voice have on others? Does it persuade or irritate, attract or repel? One of the worst qualities is harshness. If you ever get the feeling that people are uncomfortable when you speak, it may be that your harsh tones are jarring their eardrums. your voice will sound unpleasant if it is shrill, grating, hard, piercing, brassy, to loud, or too nasal. Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw. Tension tightens muscles and blocks the relaxed voice tones essential to a pleasing impression. Because tension occurs in higher pitched voices, women tend to have shriller voices than men, which usually makes them less desirable public speakers, newscasters, or political candidates.

1.Which statement from the selection presents a fact rather than an opinion? 

Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw

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2.What is stated in this paragraph? 

Women make less appealing political candidates

3.The information presented is 

slanted against people with piercing voices.

4.The author seems to: 

prefer low pitched tones

Passage: The White Elephant Centuries ago, in the country of Siam, now known as Thailand, it was the custom of the rulers that displeased them by giving the offender a white elephant. Because the animal was considered to be could not be made to work as other elephants did, but still had to be fed hundreds of pounds of fruit and cared for in the most lavish style. The recipient could not give the elephant to anyone else, as it was the ruler, who would be greatly displeased should the recipient not receive the gift graciously or care for in a grand style. This monetary burden could be a major liability to the recipient and in many cases they became impoverished.

This is the origin of the term "white elephant" as it is used today to denote an unwanted gift. The way of gift exchange played during the holiday season is an offshoot of this. In this game, everyone brings and the gifts are exchanged by drawing numbers and picking a gift in turn. The second person can choose or steal the first one. It is all in good fun, and people enjoy giving silly gifts and "stealing" someone else.

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1.How did the people regard a white elephant? 

People tried very hard not to offend the king so they would not receive a white elephant

2.What is implied by the article? 

people enjoy giving/receiving gifts

3.Impoverished meaning? 

financially ruined

4.Why is an unwanted gift called "white elephant"? 

It is a rare thing to get an unwanted gift

5.Where is Thailand" 

Asia

Passage: Getting a Good night’s sleep 1. Why the author wrote this passage? 

to explain insomnia& propose some solutions for the condition

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2.Sleep apnea causes? 

Chronic illness

3. Insomnia affects intellectual abilities because it 

causes a deficit in memory, concentration, and attention

4.What is stated in the passage? 

physical illness can cause chronic insomnia

5. Which is a solution for insomnia? 

developing good sleep habits and taking herbs and spices

Passage: Safe Driving 1. What is the best meaning of the word advocate as used in the fourth sentence of this paragraph? 

supporter

2.What is stated in this paragraph? 

each individuals driving behavior is the key to automobile safety

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3.What is implied by this paragraph? 

Government action will not help if individual drivers do not cooperate

4.The author seems to think that? 

all cars should be properly inspected

5.the authors motive for writing the paragraph seems to have been to? 

get people personally involved with traffic safety

Passage: The Water Cycle Water is needed to sustain practically all life functions on planet Earth. A single drop of this compound is composed of an oxygen atom that shares its electrons with each of the two hydrogen atoms.

The cycle starts when precipitation, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, descends from the sky onto the ground. Water that is not absorbed immediately from the precipitation is known as runoff.

The runoff flows across the land and collects in groundwater reservoirs, rivers, streams, and oceans.

Evaporation takes place when liquid water changes into water vapor, which is a gas. Water vapor returns to the air from surface water and plants.

Ultimately, condensation happens when this water vapor cools and changes back into droplets of Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

liquid. In fact, the puffy, cotton clouds that we observe are formed by condensation. When the clouds become heavily laden with liquid droplets, precipitation ensues.

1. What is the meaning of the word composed in the first paragraph?

A. To consist of B. To be uniquely discovered C. To be set apart D. To be surprised

2. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Water is formed from the joining of two hydrogen atoms to one atom of oxygen.

B. Water is a versatile and important universal solvent.

C. The different components of the water cycle are precipitation, evaporation, and condensation.

D. Rain is a trivial part of the life cycle.

3. Which statement is not a detail from the passage?

A. A single drop of water is made of a couple of hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms.

B. Evaporation takes place when liquid water changes into water vapor.

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C. Water that is not absorbed is called runoff.

D. Condensation fails to happen when water vapor cools and changes back into droplets of liquid.

4. What was the author's primary purpose for writing this essay?

A. To persuade the reader to conserve water B. To persuade the reader that runoff is not the best way to collect water C. To analyze different types of runoff D. To inform the reader about the stages of the water cycle

5. What can the reader conclude from this passage about ponds and lakes?

A. They are examples of groundwater reservoirs.

B. They are not important in the collection of runoff.

C. They do not play a role in water collection.

D. They consist of only water collected through precipitation.

6. Knowing that the cooling of water vapor results in condensation, one could conclude that _______ is/are a factor in the evaporation process.

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C. Electrons D. Runoff

Passage: Blood Pressure Lub-dub! Lub-dub! Lub-dub! This sound is made by the rapid contracting and extending of the chamber doors on the inside of the heart. This ventricular contracting injects roughly 70 mL of blood into a vascular system with a given volume at differing pressure.

Blood pressure refers to the pressure in the arterial system; and it is typically taken in the brachial artery of the arm because the pressure at different places along the circulatory route is different. Blood pressure is simply the force that the blood exerts in all directions within any given area and is the basis for the movement of blood from the heart, through the body, and back to the heart.

This pressure is commonly expressed as a ratio of the systolic pressure over the diastolic pressure.

The systolic pressure or "high peak" pressure takes place within the arterial system as ventricles contract and force blood into the arteries. The diastolic pressure or "low peak" pressure takes place within this arterial system just before the next ventricular contraction.

An increase in blood pressure can occur if the arterial walls lose some of their elasticity with age or disease.

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1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Blood pressure overall measures the elasticity of the arteries near the heart as they stretch to accommodate expelled blood.

B. Blood pressure within the arterial system takes into account that pressure is different at varying locations.

C. Blood pressure is simply the force that the blood exerts in all directions within any given area, measured as a ratio.

D. Blood pressure represents the pulse difference between ventricular contractions.

2. Which statement is not a detail from the passage?

A. The ventricular contraction asserts capillary pressure that is about 70 mm Hg. B. The pressures at different places in the circulatory system are different.

C. Increase in blood pressure can occur if arterial walls lose some of their elasticity.

D. Blood pressure is expressed as a ratio of systolic over diastolic pressure.

3. What is the meaning of the word elasticity in the last paragraph?

A. Something that is able to resist and be flexible B. Something that is like plastic C. Something that is dynamic and electrifying D. Something that is silly

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4. What is the author's primary purpose in writing this essay?

A. To entertain the reader with information about the blood system B. To analyze how blood pressure can affect an individual's health C. To inform the reader how blood pressure is measured D. To persuade the reader of the importance of accurate blood pressure procedures

5. Which of the following is not a fact stated in the passage?

A. Ventricular contracting injects roughly 70 mL of blood into a vascular system.

B. Blood pressure is typically taken in the brachial artery of the arm.

C. Blood pressure is commonly expressed as a ratio of the systolic pressure over the diastolic pressure.

D. Loss of arterial wall elasticity is always caused by disease.

6. Which of the following is not a fact stated in the passage?

A. Ventricular contracting injects roughly 70 mL of blood into a vascular system.

B. Blood pressure is typically taken in the brachial artery of the arm.

C. Blood pressure is commonly expressed as a ratio of the systolic pressure over the diastolic pressure.

D. Loss of arterial wall elasticity is always caused by disease.

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7. Which is the best summary of this passage?

A. The heart pumps roughly 70 mL of blood by rapidly contracting and extending the chamber doors of the heart. Disease and age affect the pressure of blood on arterial walls.

B. The brachial artery of the arm is usually used to take blood pressure, although the pressure is different in different parts of the body.

C. The measurement of the ratio of systolic pressure over the diastolic pressure is known as blood pressure.

D. The force that blood exerts on arterial walls is known as blood pressure and is measured as a ratio of the systolic pressure or "high peak" over the diastolic pressure or "low peak."

Passage: Blood Pressure Regulators The body is composed of systems that have evolved and diversified in order to maintain the natural functions and processes they regulate. One such system that has these regulators is the body's cardiovascular system. The body's pump, which regulates the flow of vitally needed oxygen to all cells of the body, as well as the discard of carbon dioxide and other waste products, is the heart.

Because blood pressure varies at different points within the body, differing components are needed to keep the body's blood pressure regulated. Three of the basic components are baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and the kidneys.

Baroreceptors are stretch receptors composed of fine branching nerve endings and are contained along the walls of the arteries near the heart and in other areas of the body as well. Impulses are Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

related to this stretching along the arterial walls, which causes these baroreceptors to send out even more impulses to the heart, arteries, and veins, causing the blood pressure to go either up or down.

Chemoreceptors are located along the walls of the arteries and monitor changes in oxygen level, carbon dioxide, and pH. Just think! A fall in oxygen causes receptors to send impulses to raise the blood pressure.

The kidneys play a role in regulating blood pressure by absorbing salts and water and removing wastes. Hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex cause the kidney to keep or let go of any salt and water. This has an influence on blood volume and consequently on blood pressure.

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Blood pressure can be treated only by monitoring baroreceptors.

B. Blood pressure can be treated only by monitoring chemoreceptors.

C. Blood pressure can be treated only by monitoring the kidneys.

D. Blood pressure can be regulated through baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and the kidneys.

2. Which statement is not a detail from the passage?

A. Baroreceptors are rigid and static nerve endings that are contained along the arterial walls and send out messages along the nerve pathway.

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B. Chemoreceptors are located along the walls of the arteries and monitor changes in oxygen level.

C. The kidneys play a role in regulating blood pressure by absorbing salts and water.

D. The heart is the body's pump, which regulates the flow of vitally needed oxygen to cells of the body.

3. What is the meaning of the word evolved in the first paragraph?

A. To spread B. To gradually develop C. To revolve D. To shift

4. What is the writer's primary purpose in writing this essay?

A. To inform the reader about the dangers of high blood pressure B. To inform the reader how high blood pressure leads to a higher risk of heart attack C. To inform the reader how the cardiovascular system regulates blood pressure D. To persuade the reader that controlling one's blood pressure is important

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5. What is the best summary of this passage?

A. The body's pump, the heart, regulates the flow of oxygen to all cells of the body and discards waste products that include carbon dioxide. The kidneys help in this process by absorbing salts and water.

B. There are several systems to maintain the natural functions and processes of the body. One system is the cardiovascular system, which regulates blood pressure through baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and the kidneys.

C. Baroreceptors help regulate blood pressure and are found along the wall of the arteries.

Baroreceptors send out impulses to the heart, arteries, and veins, resulting in the lowering or raising of blood pressure.

D. Chemoreceptors monitor changes in oxygen level that affect blood pressure.

6. What is a major difference in the way baroreceptors and chemoreceptors work from the way the kidneys work?

A. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors both work within the wall of the arteries sending out impulses to raise or lower blood pressure, whereas the kidneys help control blood volume.

B. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors both work to help maintain blood volume, whereas the kidneys take care of salts, water, and waste removal.

C. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors must work together to control blood pressure, whereas the kidneys work with the adrenal cortex.

D. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors are both located near the adrenal cortex, whereas the kidneys are located near the heart.

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Passage: Phobia 1. According to the passage, which of the following are types of phobias? (Check all that apply) (phobia) 

Social phobias, panic disorder, specific phobia

2. What does the author want the reader to know about phobia? 

That phobias are debilitating.

3. The passage says that being afraid is normal and good, according to the passage why is having a phobia not normal and good? 

Because phobias are extreme and unreasonable.

4. What are physical ailments that phobias cause? 

Ulcers and hypertension

5. The author wants to conclude that 

people can gain control or deal with phobias

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Passage: Amazon Rainforest About 6% of the earth is covered by rainforests. The largest rainforest in the world is the Amazon Basin, which stretches over 2.3 million square miles in nine different South American countries. This area is double the length of all the other remaining rainforests in the world. Brazil contains 60%of the Amazonian rainforest, since it lies at the mouth of the river Amazon. This river is the second largest in the world and contains more than one-fifth of the world's fresh water. The Amazon rainforest is a type of wet broadleaf forest. The weather there is very humid and warm as it rains quite a bit. Because of the high rainfall, the forest is very rich and green.

The tree leaves are pointed and narrow so that the raindrops can easily drop off wet plants. This tropical rainforest has more living species than the entire European continent. There are over 400 types of insects living in one single rain forest tree for a total of 2.5 million species. One square kilometer of rainforest may contain over 75,000 types of trees and approximately 438,000 different kinds of plants, which comes to a total of 90,000 tons of greenery overall. The Amazon rainforest is home to 2,000 birds and mammals, with one in every five birds in the world living there. Local farmers have lived off this rich and diverse land for thousands of years. They have been able to find food and water here without destroying the land. The Kayapo people of Brazil farm in an environmentally-friendly way. Instead of chemicals, they use burned wood to enrich the soil, and plant banana trees, which attract wasps. These wasps then feed on leafcutter ants and get rid of these harmful insects. The rainforest also offers a lot of tropical fruits, such as bananas and coconuts, as food. Cinnamon is made from the bark of a rainforest tree. Amazonian Indians use the fruit and stem of the Buruti plant as a drink, to make bread and to build houses.

Many other plants are used as medicine. But the Amazon rainforest is in very big danger of disappearing. 9,169 square miles of forest have been cut down in 2003 in Brazil alone. An area Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

of the size of a football field is burned down basically every minute, which means that the rain forest may be gone by the year 2030.The dangers related to this type of activity are obvious.

Trees take in poisonous carbon dioxide from the air and give off oxygen. There is more oxygen and less carbon dioxide around a rainforest. When trees are cut down, however, the amount of carbon dioxide increases, and the air gets warmer. This leads to global warming, which is extremely harmful to the environment. It is estimated that the burning of Brazilian rainforests alone produces 200 million metric tons of carbon dioxide a year. Another danger connected with destroying the rainforest is the disappearance of plants and animals. When trees are cut down, plants and animals have no more food left and slowly die out. Killing wild animals is illegal in Brazil, but there is plenty of stealing going on. 38 million animals are stolen and sold illegally each year. The most hunted animals are birds, especially parrots, followed by snakes and the jaguar.

1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT mentioned about the Amazon Rainforest? 

Its precipitation

2. How can you describe the Amazon rainforest? (Choose 2 answers) 

(A)It rains all time there so the forest is always green.



(C)The plants are shaped so that rainwater can pour off them.

3. Which of the following is true about the Amazon Basin?

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

It is more than one-fifth of all the other rainforests in the world.

4. Look at the end of paragraph 2. What does the author refer to when he says "rich and diverse land" at the beginning of paragraph 3? 

2,000 birds and mammals in the Amazon rainforest

5. What does the sentence "people of Brazil farm in an environmentally friendly way" mean in paragraph 3? 

They do not poison the soil when farming.

6. Which rainforest plant has more than one use? 

The Bruit plant

7. What is the biggest problem related to the disappearance of the rainforest? 

Cutting down trees

Passage: Safe Driving 1. What is the best meaning of the word advocate as used in the fourth sentence of this paragraph? 

Supporter

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2. What is stated in this paragraph? 

Each individuals driving behavior is the key to automobile safety.

3. What is implied by this paragraph? 

Government action will not help if individual drivers do not cooperate.

4. The author seems to think that? 

All cars should be properly inspected.

5. The author's motive for writing the paragraph seems to have been to? 

Get people personally involved with traffic safety.

Passage: Rainforest Answers 1. Rain forests are essential to life on earth 2. Deforestation has long term consequences that we still do not know about 3. The Nile is the longest river

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Passage: The Bicycle Today, bicycles are so common that it's hard to believe they haven't always been around. But two hundred years ago, bicycles didn't even exist, and the first bicycle, invented in Germany in 1818, was nothing like our bicycles today. It was made of wood and didn't even have pedals. Since then, however, numerous innovations and improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around the world. In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith, dramatically improved upon the original bicycle design.

Macmillan's machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. He also used to foot-operate cranks like pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. It didn't look much like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. In 1861, the French Michaux brothers took the evolution of the bicycle a step further by inventing an improved crank mechanism. Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, revolutionized bicycle design. He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumsy, extremely top heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment. It wasn't until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. (14) Invented by another Englishman, H.J. Lawson, the "safety bicycle" would look familiar to today's cyclists.

This bicycle had equal-sized wheels, which made it less prone to toppling over. Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. With these improvements, the bicycle became extremely popular and useful for transportation. Today they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.

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1. The main idea of this passage is best expressed in which sentence? 

Sentence (4): Since then, however, numerous innovations and improvements in design have made the bicycle one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation around the world.

2. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? 

A Ride through the History of Bicycles

3. Which sentence best expresses the main idea of paragraph 3? 

Macmillan made important changes in bicycle design.

4. An innovation, as it is used in Sentence (4), is 

a new way of doing something.

5. Revolutionized, as it is used in Sentence (10), most nearly means 

changed drastically.

6. The word prone, as it is used in Sentence (15), means 

lying down.

7. Which of the following sentences from the passage represents the writer's opinion?

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

Sentence (1) The safety bicycle would look familiar to today's cyclists.

8. Sentence (8), "It didn't look much like a modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel," follows which pattern? 

opinion, fact

9. Macmillan added iron rims to the tires of his bicycle to 

Macmillan added iron rims to the tires of his bicycle to

10. The first person to use a gear system on bicycles was 

James Starley.

11. Starley's addition of wire spokes made the bicycle 

lighter.

Passage: Changing Time 1. What is the meaning of "they" in the passage? 

Clock change DST

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2. Irrelevant means 

meaningless

3. What was the author inferring? 

Should be abolished

4. Answer: Computer changed itself 5. Answer: Trying to persuade the audience

Passage: Day Light Savings Time It is a well-known fact that it takes the Earth approximately 365 days to move around the sun. At the same time, the Earth revolves or spins around itself over the course of 24 hours, which explains why there is day and night. One half of the Earth is always facing the Sun and the other half is facing away from it. As a result, there are different time zones dividing the globe. Moving suddenly from one-time zone into the other, as when flying for example from Asia to North America, causes jetlag. People feel tired, they wake up suddenly during the night and cannot go back to sleep. It takes time to get used to a new time zone. Another thing to consider is the slight tilting of the Earth towards the sun. The Earth does not stand straight but leans a little to one side. Therefore, when it revolves around the Sun, the middle part of the Earth is always closer to the Sun and gets more heat. This part is called the equator, and above it lathes tropics. Countries Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

at the tropics get the same amount of daylight all the time. The sun always rises at 6 am and sets at 6 pm. In contrast, the tips of the Earth or the Poles get hardly any light at all because they are so far away from the sun. There are two main seasons at the Poles. There are 6 months of summer, when the sun is always shining, even at night, and there are 6 months of winter, when there is constant darkness. In between the tropics and the Poles lies the temperate zone, where there are 4 seasons. The sun rises and sets at different times throughout the year. In the spring and summer, it gets light earlier; in the fall and winter it gets dark earlier. People who live in temperate zones take advantage of that fact to get more daylight. At the beginning of spring, countries in Europe and North America readjust their clocks. They change the time on their clocks and watches by moving them an hour ahead. As a result, the sun does not set around 7 or 8 pm as usual, but an hour later. This measure is called Daylight Savings Time (DST) and lasts until the beginning of fall, when people move their clocks back one hour to Standard or regular Time. It is thought that Benjamin Franklin first suggested the introduction of Daylight Savings Time in the 18th century. But, the first serious proposal came in 1907 from William Willet. Yet his idea was shelved by the British government, who refused it because they thought it was unnecessary. Daylight Savings Time was first put into practice by the German government in 1916 in order to save energy during the First World War. Shortly after, the United Kingdom followed suit, with the United States doing the same in 1918. The law was very unpopular since people had to wake up earlier and many experienced a feeling like jetlag. But the 1970s energy crisis forced the US to make Daylight Savings Time the law. Studies have shown that the introduction of Daylight Savings Time in the spring saved the US 10,000 barrels of oil per day between 1974-1975. It also prevented 2,000 traffic injuries and 50 traffic-related deaths, saving the country $28 million. Currently, Americans switch to Daylight Savings Time on the first Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

Sunday in April and move back to Standard Time on the last Sunday in October. But as of 2007, the time readjustment will happen even earlier, in March and November.

1. What is the main idea of this passage? 

Daylight Savings Time is the result of the Earth moving around the Sun.

2. What does the sentence "It takes time to get used to a new time zone." mean in paragraph 1? 

Changing time zones makes people feel tired.

3. Which part of the Earth is the closest to the Sun? 

The tropics

4. It is 7 p.m. Standard Time. What time is it for Daylight Savings Time? 

6 p.m.

5. Was Daylight Savings Time popular in the beginning? 

No, people felt tired because they couldn't sleep that long.

6. What can be inferred about Daylight Savings Time? 

It will be modified starting in 2007.

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7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? 

Why the British government refused Daylight Savings Time

8. As it used in paragraph 3, the word obligatory most nearly means 

Requisite

9. Who first established the idea of DST? 

Benjamin Franklin

10. Who opposed the bill that was introduced in the House of Commons in the early 1900s? 

farmers

11. Which of the following statements is true of the U.S. Department of Transportation? 

It oversees all time laws in the United States.

12. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? 

The History and Rationale of Daylight Savings Time

13. The Daylight Savings Time Energy Act of 1973 was responsible for? 

extending Daylight Saving Time in the interest of energy conservation.

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Passage: Glass Answers 1. Brittle- easily broken 2. Archaeological digs have found article made of glass 3. Glass is not an element 4. The combination of several glass is an essential part of our lives 5. Science uses glass in experiments

Passage: Healthcare Answers 1. Premium: means amount to be paid 2. Hospitals are passing down the cost of taking care of people without insurance 3. The passage implies that There is a crisis in normal management in healthcare 4. Opinion or fact Rising

Passage: Homonyms 1. Which statement is a fact rather than an opinion? 

Homonyms make learning English more challenging.

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2. What inference can be drawn from the article? 

English is a difficult language to master.

3. What conclusion can be drawn from the article? 

In order to master English, the student must learn the Homonyms.

4. How does the article define homonyms? 

Words that sound alike and are spelled in different ways with different meaning.

Passage: Issac Asimov 1. Greatest fear 

Flying

2. Meaning of "prolific" 

High productivity

3. The big three 

Asimov, Clarke, Heinlein

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4. How old was Asimov when he died? 

72 years

5. What made him popular 

Science, fiction, writing

Passage: All the Jazz Jazz has been called "the art of expression set to music", and "America's great contribution to music". It has functioned as popular art and enjoyed periods of widespread public response, in the "jazz age" of the 1920s, in the "swing era" of the late 1930s and in the peak popularity of modern jazz in the late 1950s. The standard legend about Jazz is that it originated around the end of the 19th century in New Orleans and moved up the Mississippi River to Memphis, St. Louis, and finally to Chicago. It welded together the elements of Ragtime, marching band music, and the Blues. However, the influences of what led to those early sounds goes back to tribal African drum beats and European musical structures. Buddy Bolden, a New Orleans barber and cornet player, is generally considered to have been the first real Jazz musician, around 1891. What made Jazz significantly different from the other earlier forms of music was the use of improvisation. Jazz displayed a break from traditional music where a composer wrote an entire piece of music on paper, leaving the musicians to break their backs playing exactly what was written on the score. In a Jazz piece, however, the song is simply a starting point, or sort of Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

skeletal guide for the Jazz musicians to improvise around. Many of the early Jazz musicians were bad sight readers and some couldn't even read music at all. These early musicians couldn't make money very much and were stuck working menial jobs to make a living. The second wave of New Orleans Jazz musicians included such memorable players as Joe Oliver, Kid Ory, and Jelly Roll Morton. These men formed small bands and took the music of earlier musicians, improved its complexity, and gained greater success. This music is known as "hot Jazz" due to the enormously fast speeds and rhythmic drive. A young cornet player by the name of Louis Armstrong was discovered by Joe Oliver in New Orleans. He soon grew up to become one of the greatest and most successful musicians of all time, and later one of the biggest stars in the world.

The impact of Armstrong and other talented early Jazz musicians changed the way we look at music.

1. The Passage answers which of the following questions? 

What were the origins of Jazz and how did it differ from other forms of music?

2. According to the passage, Jazz originated in 

New Orleans

3. The word "welded" in line 6 is closest in meaning to 

bound

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4. Which of the following distinguished Jazz as a new form of musical expression? 

improvisation

5. The word "skeletal" in line 15 is closest in meaning to 

framework

6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? 

many early Jazz musicians had little formal musical training

7. The word "menial" in line 18 is closest in meaning to 

degrading

8. According to the passage, which of the following belonged to the second wave of New Orleans Jazz musicians? 

Joe Oliver

9. All the following are true EXCEPT 

Joe Oliver is generally considered to be the first real Jazz musician

10. The word "its" in line 21 refers to Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)



earlier music

11. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage? 

"improvisation" (line 12)

Passage: Laughter 1. The passage indicates 

Native American humor deserves more attention

2. The passage infers that 

Native American humor is often overlooked

3. The author's reason for writing this passage 

To persuade people to take a broad view of Native Americans

4. The author seems to favor: 

Research into Native American humor

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Passage: Mr. Rogers Answers 1. Mr. Rogers started a website 2. He wants to help children 3. Uniqueness 4. Meaning of legacy: something handed down 5. The author wants to inform the audience

Passage: Nurseries Answers 1. Green House creates tropical condition at nurseries 2. Too many nurseries means not enough buyers to buy the plants that need to be sold 3. Nurseries are helpful for farmers 4. Special type of farms 5. A strip of board, often material that forms a section of a wall or door

Passage: Circus Answers 1. Converting means running/jumping 2. Recommends attending the circus 3. There was a great extravaganza Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

4. The roman stayed extravaganza 5. Gave child an experience

Passage: Facts About the One Dollar Bill 1. What did the author intend? 

To share some little-known facts about the one-dollar bill

2. Why is making counterfeit copies of the one-dollar bill difficult? 

The formula for the ink used is kept a secret

3. What is implied by the message, The One Dollar Bill? 

It is a fabulously historical document

4. In the third sentence of the passage, the word minute means? 

Extremely small

5. We often accidentally wash dollar bills, why is that not a problem? 

Because the dollar bills are made of cotton and linen, so they wash easily

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Passage: Coffee Answers 1. Fact in the passage Coffee can cause digestion, heart attack 2. Disliked by CNN news 3. Causes of insomnia-sleeplessness 4. Positive to negative 5. Further research (flip flop)

Passage: Summer Olympics 1. How often is the game played? 

Every 4 years

2. Meaning of "root" in the passage? 

To wish success

3. What is the main reason athletics wish to participate in the Olympics? 

They have patriotic pride in their participation

4. Where was Summer 2008 played? 

China

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Passage: Electoral College The Electoral College has nothing to do with college and contains no students. The Electoral College consists of votes that each state acquires based on the number of representatives it has in Congress. Each state has two electoral votes because each state has two senators. The remaining electoral votes are determined by the number of Congressmen, the number of which is based on the population of the state established by the Census taken each decade. During the presidential election, most states cast all their electoral votes for the candidate who wins the popular vote in that state. It's all very confusing, but the founding fathers know what they were doing. By having and using the Electoral College candidates' campaign in every state, but just because they win the popular vote across the country doesn't mean they will always win the election. Case in point, in election 2000, Al Gore won the popular vote across the country, but George W. Bush won more electoral votes. Therefore, he became our 43rd president.

1. Which statement from the passage is a fact? 

Each state casts their electoral vote during a presidential election

2. The author's reason for writing this piece seems to be to 

Teach the reader

3. Give one vote 4. Have an understanding of the electoral college 5. Congressional election Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

Passage: The Flu 1. What is the main idea of the passage 

The flu is a deadly disease that's difficult to control because people become infectious

2. Why is the flu considered not too infectious? 

The flu virus cannot travel far or live for long periods of time outside the human body, so its spread can be easily contained

3. What is the meaning of the word "measures" in the last paragraph? 

Plan of action

4. Which of the following correctly describes the flu? 

The flu is difficult to contract and sometimes fatal

Passage: Exams Subjective exams measure your ability in several areas. Besides recall information, you must be able to realize content logically and intelligently express yourself in a clearly understood manner.

Subjective test provide opportunity for students to show their broad knowledge of a subjective area. Answers may be in the form of paragraphs or lengthy essays. When your review for an essay exam, concentrate on main ideas rather than details. Since essay tests are less to a few Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

questions, they are likely to deal with more important ideas of a subject. Prepare a list of question you think might be asked. Write an answer to each of your questions. Rather than writing complete sentence down your thoughts in outline form. Doing so will help you organize the information so that you can express yourself clearly. When you take the test, read through all the questions before you start to write. Allot time for each question, spending more time for questions worth the most points. Read each question carefully to determine exactly what they are asked. Pay attention to words such as define, illustrate, explain, list, compare, and contrast. Each work requires a different type of response. Write a brief outline of your answer on scrap paper or the back of the test. Make sure you include all the important ideas that are within the limits of the question. In other words, do not write more than is asked for each answer. When you write your answer, keep it specific and as brief as possible. In the introductory sentence it is often helpful to make a general statement that includes important points addressed in each question. Such a topic sentence serves as a framework for your answer. Then use your outline to develop the main point and subtopics. Add substance to your answer by including as many facts as possible to support your answer. Check your paper before you submit it. Look for mistakes in grammar, spelling, sentence structure, and punctuation. Unless you are certain an answer is wrong, do not change it.

Your answer is an educated guess and is usually your best chance of answering correctly.

1. When taking a subjective examination, you will find questions like. 

Definitions

2. Compared to objective exams, essay test contain 

Fewer questions

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3. From the article the reader can conclude that a test containing true-false questions is called 

Objective

4. Compared to objective exams, subjective tests contain 

Fewer questions

5. In answering subjective questions the student should 

Keep it brief and specific

6. When taking an exam, you should divide your time 

To allow more time for the difficult questions

7. In the above passage, the word "subjective" refers to test questions that 

Require you to write your own answer

Passage: Doppler Effect Have you ever wondered why the whistle of a traveling, distant locomotive predicts its approachseveral yards before anyone actually sees it? Or why an oncoming ambulance’s screaming siren is heard momentarily several feet before the ambulance comes into full view, before it passes you, and why its siren is still heard faintly well after the ambulance is out of sight?

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What you are witnessing is a scientific phenomenon known as the Doppler effect. What takes place is truly remarkable. In both of these instances, when the train or ambulance moves towardthe sound waves in front of it, the sound waves are pulled closer together and have a higher frequency. In either instance, the listener positioned in front of the moving object hears a higher pitch. The ambulance and locomotive are progressively moving away from the sound waves behind them, causing the waves to be farther apart and to have a lower frequency. These fast- approaching modes of transportation distance themselves past the listener, who hears a lower pitch.

1.

Which statement is not listed as a detail in the passage?

A.

The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of high frequency and

closenessof waves.

B.

The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of low frequency and

closenessof waves.

C.

The whistling sound of the locomotive as it approaches and passes can be explained

bythe Doppler effect.

D.

The high-pitched sound of the ambulance as it approaches and passes can be explained

bythe Doppler effect.

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2.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A.

Trains and ambulances make distinctly loud noises.

B.

Low-frequency waves make high-pitched sounds.

C.

High-frequency waves make low-pitched sounds.

D.

The Doppler effect explains the rationale for why sound is heard initially more

stronglyand then faintly after a moving object has passed.

3.

What is the meaning of the word phenomenon in the second paragraph?

A.

Something that is lifeless to the senses

B.

Something that is nonchalant

C.

Something that is significant but unusual

D.

Something that is chemical in origin

4.

What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this essay?

A.

To entertain the reader with information about trains and ambulances

B.

To inform the reader about avoiding accidents, which involve trains and ambulances

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C.

To inform the reader about how movement affects sound

D.

To analyze the difference between train and ambulance sounds

5.

Which sound waves have a higher pitch?

A.

Those waves that are closer together

B.

Those waves that are farther apart

C.

Those waves that travel a long distance

D.

Those waves that travel a short distance

6.

Which sound waves have a lower pitch?

A.

Those waves that are closer together

B.

Those waves that are farther apart

C.

Those waves that travel a long distance

D.

Those waves that travel a short distance

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Passage: Electrocardiogram Beep! Beep!…Beep! is the audible rhythmic sound made as the strength of the heart muscle is measured. The signal cadence has a characteristic record that varies in every individual.

This record is called an electrocardiogram, or ECG. In the body, an array of systemic neural responses constantly occurs, emitting electric currents.

The electric currents can be detected on the surface of the body, and if a person is hooked to anamplifier, these impulses are recorded by an electrocardiograph.

Most of the information obtained is about the heart because the heart sends out electric currents in

waves. This “wave of excitation” spreads through the heart wall and is

accompanied by electric changes. The wave takes place in three distinct steps.

Initially, the “wave of excitation” accompanied by an electric change lasts for approximately 1 to 2 seconds after the contraction of the cardiac muscle. The electric impulses are discharged rhythmically from the sinoatrial (SA) node, the pacemaker of the heart. This spread of excitation over the muscle of the atrium indicates that the atrium has contracted.

Next, the peak of the ECG reading is due to the atrioventricular (AV) node, causing the ventricleto become excited.

Finally, the ventricles relax, and any changes in the wave indicate to trained medical staff anyabnormalities within the heart.

7.

What is the author’s primary purpose in writing the essay?

A.

To persuade the reader to have an ECG

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B.

To entertain the reader with a heart-warming story

C.

To inform the reader how an electrocardiograph reads the electric currents emitted by

theheart D.

To analyze the difference in the SA node and the AV node

8.

Which statement is not listed as a detail within the passage?

A.

Changes in the ECG are typically used for diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm.

B.

The signal has a characteristic record called the electrocardiogram.

C.

The “wave of excitation” starts at the SA node.

D.

The “wave of excitation” spreads through the heart wall and is accompanied by

electricchanges.

9.

What is the meaning of the word emitting as it is used in the second paragraph?

A.

Repelling

B.

Releasing

C.

Closing

D.

Charging

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10.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A.

Electric currents within the body are due to electrostatic charges set off by the heart.

B.

The ECG systematically and quickly measures the stages at which the “wave

ofexcitation” occurs within the heart and records them.

C.

The “wave of excitation” is detected on the surface of the body and is used to

measurethe atrial excitation of the heart.

D.

The electric currents within the body are in direct relation to the “wave of

excitation” measured by the ECG.

11.

What is the best summary of the passage?

A.

Electric currents within the body are due to electrostatic charges set off by the

heart. Medical staff are trained to recognize any abnormalities within the heart.

B.

Every individual has unique electric currents on the surface of the body. The

ECGmeasures and records these electric currents.

C.

The ECG systematically and rather quickly measures the stages at which the “wave

ofexcitation” occurs within the heart and records them. This wave has three distinct steps that spread from the SA node to D.

the AV node.

The ECG measures the electric currents within the body. These currents are detected

onthe surface of the body when the body is connected to an amplifier.

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12.

What are the three steps of the “wave of excitation”?

A.

The discharge from the SA node, the peak ECG, and the excitement of the ventricle.

B.

The excitement of the ventricle, the relaxing of the ventricle, and the systemic

neuralresponse.

C.

The contraction of the atrium, the relaxation of the atrium, and the contraction of

theventricle.

D.

The excitation of the atrium, the excitement of the ventricle, and the relaxing of

theventricle.

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