HESI Biology Questions with Answers.

HESI A2 BIOLOGY

Natural passive immunity occurs when live antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, such as when anti-bodies are transferred from a mother to her baby via breast milk.

Worms lack which of the following?

a. Eyes and brain b. Brain c. Eyes d. Nerve centers - eyes and brain Worms lack both eyes and a brain, but they do have nerve centers.

Which organelle is responsible for generating ATP that is used for chemical energy?

a. Mitochondria b. Vesicle c. Ribosome d. Golgi apparatus - mitochondria The mitochondrion is often referred to as the "power plant" of the cell, because it generates ATP, the cell's source of chemical energy.

Which of the following is true with regard to eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

a. Prokaryotic cells can contain lysosomes. b. Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.

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c. Prokaryotic cells can contain lysosomes and eukaryotic cells have mitochondria. d. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

- Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.

One of the major differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells contain organelles, such as mitochondria, whereas prokaryotic cells do not.

Positive feedback is a mechanism used by the body that results in amplification or enhancement of a signal that has already been activated. An example of this would be:

a. Slowing metabolism in response to starvation b. Shivering to increase temperature c. Blood vessels regulating blood pressure d. The release of oxytocin to increase contractions during childbirth - The release of oxytocin to increase contractions during childbirth Contractions in childbirth are considered a positive feedback loop because each contraction stimulates the brain to release more Oxytocin, which in turn stimulates more contractions.

During which phase is the chromosome number reduced from diploid to haploid?

S phase interphase meiosis meiosis I meiosis I

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What is the name for a cell that does not contain a nucleus?

eukaryote bacteria prokaryote cancer Prokaryote

What is the name for the physical presentation of an organism's genes?

phenotype species phylum genotype Phenotype

Which of the following forms of water is the densest?

liquid steam ice all the above Steam

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Using percent of body weight calculations, which of the following categories is found in the highest concentration in the body?

Nucleic acids Lipids Carbohydrates Proteins Proteins

Which of the following is not considered a major class of biological units?

Viruses Eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cells Cytosol cells Cytosol cells

Which of the following reactions most appropriately matches the following definition: at a state of chemical equilibrium, the product of the reaction has required almost all of the reactants.

Irreversible reaction Reversible reaction Combination reaction Catalyst reaction Irreversible reaction

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In which of the following stages of glucose breakdown is the most energy produced?

Glycolysis Krebs Cycle Oxidative Phosphorylation Citric Acid Cycle Oxidative Phosphorylation

Arterioles, venules, and capillaries are collectively known as _____.

Macrocirculation Microcirculation Pulmonary trunk Hydrostatic gradient Microcirculation

If an organism is AaBb, which of the following combinations in the gametes is impossible?

AB aa aB Ab Aa

What is the typical result of mitosis in humans?

2 diploid cells 2 haploid cells Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

4 diploid cells 4 haploid cells 2 diploid cells

How does water affect the temperature of a living thing?

Water increases temperature Water keeps temperature stable Water decreases temperature Water does not affect temperature Water keeps temperature stable

Which of the following is not a product of the Krebs cycle?

carbon dioxide oxygen adenosine triphospate (ATP) energy carriers Oxygen

What kind of bond connects sugar and phosphate in DNA?

hydrogen ionic covalent overt covalent Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

What is the second part of an organism's scientific name?

species phylum population kingdom Species

How are lipids different than other organic molecules?

They are indivisible They are not water soluble They contain zinc They form long proteins They are not water soluble Which of the following is not a steroid?

cholesterol estrogen testosterone hemoglobin Hemoglobin

Which of the following properties is responsible for the passage of water through a plant?

cohesion adhesion

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osmosis evaporation Cohesion

Which hormone is produced by the pineal gland?

insulin testosterone melatonin epinephrine Melatonin

What is the name of the organelle that organizes protein synthesis?

mitochondrion nucleus ribosome vauole Ribosome

What is the longest phase in the life of a cell?

prophase interphase anaphase metaphase Interphase Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

Which of the following is not found within a bacterial cell?

mitochondria DNA vesicles ribosome Mitochondria

Which of the following is a protein?

cellulose hemoglobin estrogen ATP Hemoglobin

Which of the following structures is not involved in translation?

tRNA mRNA ribosome DNA DNA

Which of the following is necessary for cell diffusion?

water membrane Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

ATP gradient Water

How many different types of nucleotides are there in DNA?

1 2 4 8 4

Which of the following cell types has no nucleus?

platelet red blood cell white blood cell phagocyte red blood cell

Which part of aerobic respiration uses oxygen?

osmosis Krebs cycle glycolysis electron transport system electron transport system Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

Which of the following is the largest most general taxonomic category?

kingdom phylum genus order Kingdom

What is the name of the process by which a bacterial cell splits into 2 new cells?

mitosis meiosis replication fission Fission

A nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes and cytokinesis occurs, producing four daughter cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes.

prophase I anaphase I telophase II cytokinesis telophase II

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The two chromosomes in each bivalent separate and migrate toward opposite poles.

prophase I anaphase I anaphase II telophase II anaphase I

The maternal and paternal chromosomes of each homologous pair separate and reach the poles of the cell, nuclear envelopes form around them, and cytokinesis follows to produce two cells.

metaphase I telophase I prophase II metaphase II cytokinesis telophase I

DNA is a polymer of:

nucleosides fatty acids deoxyribose sugars connected by phosphodiester bonds nucleotides Nucleotides

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Which of the following are pyrimidines?

adenine and cytosine adenine and thymine cytosine and thymine guanine and thymine cytosine and thymine

Which of the following are purines?

adenine and cytosine adenine and guanine cytosine and thymine guanine and thymine adenine and guanine

The two polynucleotide chains in DNA are:

semidiscontinuous semiconservative parallel discontinuous antiparallel Antiparallel

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How is mitosis different from meiosis?

Mitosis is the process by which sex cells are formed Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell Telophase does not take place in mitosis Spermatogenesis and oogenesis occur via mitosis Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell

What is the purpose of pholem tissue in plant stems?

It conducts water up through the stem It conducts the energy of light to leaves It conducts food throughout the plant It conducts carbon dioxide throughout the plant It conducts food throughout the plant

Physical factors such as temperature and pH can alter enzyme activity because they have an effect on the enzyme's _____

acidity shape chemistry substrate Shape

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What kind of symbiosis exists between a pneumonia bacterium and a human?

Mutualism Parasitism Commensalism Competition Parasitism

What organism reproduces via binary fission?

Mushroom Blue whale Rainbow trout Salmonella Salmonella

3 students measured the mass of a product of combustion. They recorded the measurements of 5.14g , 5.16 g, and 5.17 g. If the known mass of the product is 5.30 g, how would you describe the students' measurements?

Accurate Precise Both accurate and precise Neither accurate nor precise Precise

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Why do we perceive cholophyll as green?

It absorbs yellow and blue light It primarily absorbs green light It fails to absorb green light It primarily absorbs red light It fails to absorb green light

The basic method by which chloroplasts and mitochondria generate ATP is

oxidation photorespiration respiration chemiosmosis Chemiosmosis

The decay of a lead after it falls from a tree indicated an increase in its

ecological efficiency entropy metabolic equilibrium estivation Entropy

Phagocytosis is a form of

hydrolysis exocytosis Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

glycolysis endocytosis Endocytosis

In the structure of cells, in which of the following organisms would one find a cell wall?

a dog a fruit fly tulip a mackerel a tulip

Metastasis refers to the

uncontrolled division of cancer cells irregularity in shape of a cancer cel spread of cancer cells to sites beyond their origin transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell spread of cancer cells to sites beyond their origin

Which of the following is NOT a part of the body's chemical defense system against infection?

a. Urine b. Hydrochloric acid c. Agranulocyte d. Lysozyme

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- Agranulocytes Agranulocytes are a type of white blood cell and therefore are not a part of the body's chemical defense system.

Which of the following is considered an example of naturally acquired passive immunity?

a. Attenuated (live) vaccine injection b. Breastfeeding c. Inactivated (killed) vaccine injection d. Exposure to a disease and subsequent immunity - breastfeeding

When placed in a hypotonic solution, a cell will do which of the following?

a. Remain the same b. Disintegrate c. Swell d. Shrink - swell Water always moves from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration. A hypotonic solution contains less solutes and more water then the contents inside of the cell, so water will move from outside of the cell to inside, causing it to swell.

Which is NOT an effect of photo-oxidation?

a. Increase in tensile strength b. Discoloration

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c. Increase in brittleness d. Loss of surface smoothness - Increase in tensile strength Photo-oxidation occurs when UV light and ozone break down the surface of polymers. The result is the material becoming more brittle and discolored and less strong and smooth.

The movement of a substance across a cell membrane from low to high concentration is known as what?

a. Passive transport b. Diffusion c. Active transport d. Facilitated diffusion - Active transport Active transport is the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, such as when moving from low to high concentration.

During which stage of mitosis does the single cell split into two separate daughter cells?

a. Telophase b. Cytokinesis c. Anaphase d. Prophase - Cytokinesis Cytokinesis occurs late in the process of mitosis and is marked by a single cell splitting into two daughter cells.

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Which of the following is NOT an example of an ecosystem?

a. Marine b. Desert c. Ozone d. Grassland - Ozone An ecosystem is the interaction between living and non-living things in their environment. The ozone does not mean this definition as living and non-living things do not live and interact there.

Decomposition occurs fastest in which type of environment?

a. Moist, oxygenated b. Very dry, deoxygenated c. Very wet, deoxygenated d. Very dry, oxygenated - Moist, oxygenated The microbes involved in decomposition need oxygen and they function quicker at higher temperatures, which is why decomposition occurs at faster rates in moist, oxygenated areas.

In a bird or a bee, the crop is responsible for what?

a. Aiding in flying b. Maintaining balance when perched c. Storing food prior to digestion d. Helping to grind food - Storing food prior to digestion The crop is a muscular pouch that is part of the bird's digestive system.

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One partner benefitting while the other is harmed is what form of symbiotic relationship?

a. Predation b. Commensalism c. Cannibalism d. Parasitism - Parasitism Parasitism is a non-mutual relationship where one organism benefits or feeds off another but does not kill them, such as with human head lice.

The stigma of a flower serves what purpose?

a. To bait pollinators b. To collect pollen c. To manufacture pollen d. To fertilize - To collect pollen The stigma collects pollen at pollination. Stigmas can either be long and thin or globe-shaped.

Mycology is defined as the study of what?

a. Microorgansims b. Parasites c. Fungi d. Muscles - Fungi Mycology is the study of fungi and its properties and taxonomy.

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Which of the following taxonomic ranks is arranged to show broadest, most inclusive to narrowest, most exclusive?

a. Species, Genus, Family b. Species, Family, Class c. Phylum, Species, Order d. Kingdom, Phylum, Class - Kingdom, Phylum, Class From broadest to most narrow, the order of taxonomic rank is: Life, Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

The ability of an open system to regulate its internal environment to maintain stable conditions is...

a, Homeostasis b. Biofeedback c. Osmosis d. Negative Feedback - Homeostasis Homeostasis is defined as the regulation of variables so that internal conditions remain stable and balanced.

Which of the following is NOT a biotic factor?

a. Rock b. Worm c. Rose d. Child

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- Rock A biotic factor is a living thing such as a plant or animal. Rocks do not meet this definition.

Which is not a morphology of bacterial classification?

a. Vibrio b. Bacillus c. Coccus d. Gram - Gram Bacteria are classified according to their morphological features, including cell shape, motility, and Gram stain reaction. Although positive or negative reaction to the Gram stain test is a morphological feature of bacteria, it is not a bacterial classification.

Halophile archaebacteria only survive in which type of environment?

a. Heat b. Cold c. Low pH d. Salt - salt The word "halophile" derives from a Greek word meaning "salt-loving."

What are bacteria that need oxygen to survive called?

a. Anaerobic b. Oxyphobic

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c. Oxyphillic d. Aerobic - Aerobic Aerobic bacteria need oxygen to live and grow, whereas anaerobic bacteria do not.

Where do bacteria live?

a. In the human body b. All of these c. In the water d. In the soil - all of these Bacteria are found in various places, including soil, water, and in the human body.

What is the cilium-like structure present in certain bacteria cells that allows them to attach to a host tissue?

a. Fimbria b. Cilia c. Tentacles d. Flagella - Fimbria Fimbria are appendages found on many Gram-negative (and some Gram-positive) bacteria that allow them to attach to other bacteria, cells, or inanimate objects.

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Which of the following is a disease not caused by bacteria?

a. Diphtheria b. Parkinson's c. Cholera d. Syphilis - Parkinson's Parkinson's is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system and is not caused by bacterial infection.

Thigmotropism is the oriented growth of an organism in response to which of the following?

a. Light b. Heat c. Gravity d. Physical contact - Physical contact Thigmotropism occurs when a plant grows in response to stimuli or touch. Climbing vines are an example of a plant that exhibit this phenomenon.

Which chemical(s) carry an impulse along a nerve cell?

a. Scandium and iron b. Iron and sodium c. Hydroxyapatite d. Sodium and potassium

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- Sodium and potassium Nerve signals are carried out in part by the coordinated movement of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane.

Which of the following is true of viruses?

a. Some are parasitic, some are not b. They are acellular c. They are larger than bacteria d. heir genetic material can be composed of DNA, RNA, or both - They are acellular Viruses are considered acellular because they do not have organelles or cytoplasm. All viruses are parasitic, as they depend on a host source to be able to reproduce. Viruses can be composed of either DNA or RNA, both not both. If they are composed of RNA, they are called a retrovirus.

Viruses are typically much smaller than bacteria.

Which of the following is a correct description of metaphase during mitosis?

a. The nuclear envelope disappears and the chromosomes begin to attach to the spindle that forms along the axis of the cell. b. Chromosomes gather on either side of the now separating cell. c. Chromosomes start to separate. d. Chromosomes align along the center of the cell.

- Chromosomes align along the center of the cell During metaphase, the chromosomes align along the center of the cell. During prometaphase the nuclear envelope disappears and the chromosomes start to attach to the spindle. Anaphase is when the chromosomes start to separate. Telophase is when the chromosomes gather on either side of the now separating cell; it leads into cytokinesis in animal cells.

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Where can ribosomes be found inside a cell?

a. Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm.

B. Only in the cytoplasm.

C. Only attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

D. None of the above.

- Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm Ribosomes can be found in two places: attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (Rough ER) or free floating in the cytoplasm.

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?

A. To provide intracellular digestion.

B. To provide transportation of materials throughout the cell.

C. To uptake food through the cell membrane.

D. To produce cellular respiration.

- To provide transportation of materials throughout the cell.

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for transport of materials throughout the cell. Intracellular digestion occurs within lysosomes, while food uptake is the job of vacuoles. Cellular respiration is the function of mitochondria.

What characteristic of water allows for hydrogen bonding between molecules?

A. Its high specific heat.

B. Its cohesive properties.

C. Its covalent bonds.

D. Its polar nature.

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- Its polar nature.

Although all the other characteristics about water are true, water's polar nature is what allows for hydrogen bonding between molecules.

Which of the following is the MOST inclusive in the hierarchic system of organization?

A. Kingdom.

B. Class.

C. Genus.

D. Species - Kingdom The most inclusive classification is Kingdom, which includes all forms of life on earth. The most EXCLUSIVE would be Species. The mnemonic "King Philip Came Over For Great Spaghetti," can be used to recall the order of the system from most inclusive to least inclusive.

In which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

A. G1 B. S C. G2 D. D1 - S phase The G1, S, and G2 phases are called interphase. S phase is when DNA is replicated. (G1 = growth phase, G2 = second growth phase and preparation for division). There is no such thing as the D1 phase.

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Which of the following processes reduces cells originally classified as diploid to haploid?

A. Meiosis.

B. Mitosis.

C. Both meiosis and mitosis.

D. Neither meiosis and mitosis.

- Meiosis.

Meiosis is a process of cellular division where cells begin as diploid and end as haploid.

Which of the following is an example of a cell created by meiosis?

A. Kidney cell.

B. Sperm cell.

C. Brain cell.

D. Skin cell.

- Sperm cell.

Sperm contain 23 chromosomes that are combined with another 23 from an egg to produce a diploid combination. Meiosis replicates sex, or sperm, cells and mitosis replicates somatic, or body, cells.

The Krebs cycle is a process described as:

A. the creation of ATP and Pyruvate.

B. the creation of GTP and NADH. C. the process by which plants take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

D. a linear method of creating energy.

- the creation of GTP and NADH

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This description is the most correct. The Krebs cycle involves creating energy in the form of 2 GTPs (which convert to ATP) and NADH (and FAHD2 which donate the electrons to the ETC), not harvesting it, and it is not only used by plants. In addition, it is cyclical, not linear. ATP and Pyruvate are created by glycolysis.

The plasma membranes of cells are composed of:

A. a single layer of phospholipid molecules.

B. a bilayer of phospholipid molecules.

C. proteins that act as transport highways.

D. mitochondria.

- a bilayer of phospholipid molecules Plasma membranes are composed of a bilayer of phospholipid molecules.

Which of the following activities does NOT lead to cellular energy production?

A. Glycolysis.

B. Gluconeogenesis.

C. Oxidative Phosphorylation.

D. Cellular Respiration.

- Gluconeogenesis Cellular respiration leads to glycolysis while Oxidative Phosphorylation (a type of cellular respiration), and both create energy by catabolism. Gluconeogenesis is the creation of sugar using energy.

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Using garden peas, which of the following scientists discovered the basic principles of genetics?

A. Galileo.

B. Mendel.

C. Curie.

D. Hawking.

- Mendel Gregor Mendel discovered, through careful experimentation with garden peas, that there existed genetic properties to account for certain characteristics.

The alternative versions of a single gene are known as:

A. traits.

B. characteristics.

C. RNA. D. alleles.

- Alleles Alleles are alternative versions of a single gene that codes for a certain trait.

What device makes it possible to predict the genotype and phenotype of the offspring of sexual reproduction?

A. Punnett square.

B. Chi square.

C. PCR. D. Microscope.

- Punnett square

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A Punnett square makes it possible to predict the genotype/phenotype by listing alleles and their various possible combinations and likelihoods The traits which an organism shows (as opposed to what its genes code for), is known by which of the following terms?

a. Phenotype. b. Genotype. c. Stereotype. d. Classification.

- phenotype The phenotype of an organism is a demonstration of the genes expressed, rather than what they actually code for (genotype). Phenotype can be remembered as the physical characteristics of an organism.

An organism that has a genotype of two dominant alleles for one gene is:

A. Heterozygous.

B. Homozygous.

C. Multiparous.

D. Nulliparous - Homozygous When an organism possesses the same type of alleles for one gene, it is homozygous. The prefix homo- indicates same, and the prefix hetero- indicates different.

The method by which mRNA is created is begun by which of the following processes?

A. Replication.

B. Translation.

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C. Splitting.

D. Transcription.

- Transcription.

Transcription is the first step in the creation of mRNA from a strand of DNA.

Which scientists are responsible for describing the structure of DNA?

a. Watson and Crick. b. Watson and Holmes. c. Holmes and Croiger. d. Brown and Curie.

- Watson and Crick.

Francis Crick and James D. Watson are the scientists responsible for describing the double helix structure of DNA.

All genes can be described using the Punnett Square method. True or False?

A. True B. False - False False. There are many more complicated forms of genetic expression available than the simple genetics represented by the Punnett Square.

The term pleiotropy is best defined as:

a. A condition in which multiple genes are missing. b. A situation in which one gene remains unexpressed.

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c. One gene influencing multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. d. Two genes affected by a single allele.

- One gene influencing multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits.

Pleiotropy describes conditions where one gene has multiple effects on phenotypic traits. The prefix pleio- means "many," or "more," and -tropy means "way."

Which molecules are responsible for the base pairing action in DNA?

a. Phosphate groups. b. Sugar molecules. c. Nitrogenous bases. d. Codons.

- Nitrogenous bases.

Base pairs are formed by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases (ATGC) while the sugar and phosphate make up the 'back bone

Glycolysis is the conversion of _______ to ______ in the process of cellular respiration.

a. Glucose, pyruvate. b. Pyruvate, glucose. c. NADH, pyruvate. d. NADH, ATP. - Glucose, pyruvate.

Glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to pyruvate and is the first step in the process of cellular respiration.

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The oxidation of the NADH molecules to produce oxygen and water in cellular respiration takes place in a series of steps defined as:

a. Cellular inspiration. b. Krebs cycle. c. Electron transport chain. d. Cellular conversion.

- Electron transport chain.

The electron transport chain oxidizes NADH molecules to produce oxygen and finally to produce water.

For every glucose molecule utilized during cellular respiration, approximately how many ATP molecules can be produced?

A. 14 to 18.

B. 18 to 25.

C. 32 to 36.

D. 68 to 70.

- 32 to 36.

Cellular respiration can generate from 32 to 36 molecules of ATP for every single glucose molecule broken down. The number of ATP is described as a range because the reaction is not perfect and will sometimes yield more or less ATP.

Cells with a high rate of protein synthesis generally have a large number of which of the following cellular structures?

a. Mitochondria. b. Ribosomes.

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c. Lysosomes. d. Golgi apparati.

- Ribosomes Ribosomes aid in protein synthesis. Therefore, cells with a high rate of protein synthesis tend to have a large number of ribosomes.

A scientist is proposing an experiment to study the effect of a certain chemical on rat brain development. The scientist believes that this chemical will enhance the rats' brain development.

Which of the following terms describes this step of the scientific process?

a. Hypothesis. b. Experiment. c. Analysis. d. Conclusion.

- Hypothesis The scientist has formed a hypothesis, a statement of certain events or happenings, and is ready to conduct his experiment. Analysis is not a step in the scientific method.

Which of the following is a correct description of the shape of frozen water molecules?

a. Ladder. b. Block. c. Parallel. d. Lattice.

- Lattice When frozen, water molecules form a lattice structure. This is the reason that ice appears to "expand" in comparison to water.

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What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

a. Saturated fatty acids contain double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids. b. Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids. c. Saturated fatty acids often contain two or more pairs of double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids. d. There is no difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

- Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids.

Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids do contain double bonds.

Diets that contain high amounts of saturated fatty acids are linked to what disease type?

a. Renal. b. Coronal. c. Cardiovascular. d. Pleural.

- Cardiovascular Diets containing high amounts of saturated fatty acids have been linked to cardiovascular problems. Cardiovascular refers to the heart and blood vessels.

Based on the inherent properties of water molecules, what effect would a large body of water have on the temperature of a climate?

A. Increase.

B. Decrease.

C. Stabilize.

D. Destabilize.

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- Stabilize.

A large body of water will have a stabilizing effect on a climate due to its high specific heat property.

Which of the following descriptions relates to water's property of cohesion?

A. Water beading together on top of a freshly waxed car.

B. An ocean stabilizing the temperature of a region.

C. Water dissolving salt to become salt water.

D. A bottle of water cracking when left in the freezer.

- Water beading together on top of a freshly waxed car.

Cohesion describes the tendency of molecules of the same substance to bond together, as is demonstrated in water beading. An ocean stabilizing local temperature refers to water's high specific heat. Water dissolving salt to become saltwater refers to its potent solvent ability. The bottle of water that cracks after being left in the freezer is an example of the expansion of water during freezing due to its lattice structure.

In DNA, adenosine will only bond with which of the following base pairs?

A. Adenosine.

B. Thymine.

C. Guanine.

D. Uracil.

- Thymine.

Adenosine will only bond with thymine, and guanine will only bond with cytosine. Adenosine will bind to Uracil only in RNA. Cardiovascular refers to the heart and blood vessels. A useful mnemonic device for recalling not only the base pairings, but also whether the nucleotide is a purine or a pyrimidine is "GCAT PuPy PuPy" for DNA, and "GCAU PuPy PuPy" for RNA. This

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method links G to C, and A to T or U, while G and A are described as purines and C, T, and U are described as pyrimidines.

A pea plant has alleles for the dominant tall gene (T) and the recessive short gene (t). Therefore, it appears as Tt. Which of the following will correctly describe its phenotype if there is complete dominance? And which describes incomplete dominance? (complete, incomplete)

a. Tall, Tall b. Average. Tall c. Tall, Average d. Tall, Short - Tall, Average Because the dominant allele is present, this pea plant will be tall despite its recessive gene in complete dominance. In Incomplete dominance however, the gene must be homozygous to show one trait. Otherwise the phenotype will be a mixture of the two alleles.

What is the function of tRNA during DNA transcription?

a. tRNA bonds together amino acids and then releases them to create an elongated chain of amino acids. b. tRNA contains codons during DNA transcription. c. tRNA is the piece of DNA produced during transcription. d. tRNA brings the amino acids to the site of synthesis.

- tRNA brings the amino acids to the site of synthesis. tRNA brings the amino acids to the site of protein synthesis. Ribosomes bond together amino acids and then release them to create an elongated chain of amino acids. tRNA contains anticodons, not codons, and mRNA is the new piece of DNA produced.

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The liver is an organ responsible for detoxifying the body of many harmful substances.

Therefore, you might expect the liver to contain a high amount of:

a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum. b. Lysosomes. c. Mitochondria. d. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has a large function in detoxifying and metabolizing many molecules.

A scientist conducts an experiment to discover the effect of music on plant growth. He hypothesizes that the music will help plants grow at a faster rate than plants without music. By the end of the experiment, plants grown with music playing grew to an average height of 5.6 inches, while plants grown without music playing grew to an average height of 2.3 inches.

Which of the following is the scientist's correct conclusion?

A. All plants grow better with music.

B. In the experiment, plants grown with music grew better than those grown without it.

C. In the experiment, plants grown without music grew better than those grown without it.

D. All plants grow better without music.

- In the experiment, plants grown with music grew better than those grown without it.

This is the correct conclusion to draw from this experiment. "All plants" is too general a term.

The data supports the conclusion that music aided growth.

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It is known that the gene that codes for male pattern baldness depends on the gene for red hair.

This type of interaction between alleles is known as:

a. Interplay. b. Affectation. c. Genotype. d. Epistasis.

- Epistasis.

Epistasis is the interaction between two alleles which have different effects in combination than individually.

What is the function of the stomach?

a. Absorption of nutrients b. Digestion of Nutrients c. Digestion and Absorption of nutrients d. None of the above.

- Digestion of Nutrients The stomach is the site of storage and digestion. It does NOT absorb any nutrients. Absorption occurs mostly in the small intestine.

What is the largest type of biological molecule?

a. Lipid. b. Protein. c. Carbohydrate. d. Steroid.

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- Protein.

Protein molecules are the largest type of biological molecules

Phagocytes in the immune system are responsible for the biological action of:

a. Secreting. b. Consuming. c. Altering. d. Building.

- Consuming Phagocytes consume smaller biological organisms. 'Phagocytosis' is the act of surrounding or consuming. For example, in the immune system, phagocytes surround and digest invaders.

Athletes are often concerned with the question of what they need in their diets to increase muscle mass and strength. What biologic molecule would you recommend that would accomplish this?

A. Carbohydrates B. Proteins C. Lipids D. Nucleic acids B. Proteins

Which organelle would you expect to be present in a cell responsible for detoxifying multiple molecules?

A. Rough ER B. Smooth ER Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

C. Lysosome D. Golgi apparatus B. Smooth ER

A cell from heart muscle would more than likely contain an usually high proportion of:

A. Lysosomes B. Mitochondria C. mRNA D. Ribosomes B. Mitochondria

Which part of cell respiration produces the greatest amount of ATP?

A. ETC B. Glycolysis C. Krebs cycle D. Fermentation A. ETC

When plants do not receive enough water their photosynthetic rated drops. This is because:

A. Water is a raw material for the light reactions in photosynthesis.

B. Carbon dioxide is not available.

C. Water provides the carbon atoms used to make sugar.

D. Not enough oxygen is produced to keep fermentation running Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A. Water is a raw material for the light reactions in photosynthesis

Which of the following statements is true about the Krebs cycle and the Calvin cycle?

A. Both result in a net production of ATP and NADH B. Both require a net input of ATP C. Both result in release of oxygen D. Both use light to initiate the process.

A. Both result in a net production of ATP and NADH

72 chromosomes undergo meiosis. How many chromosomes will be in each gamete?

A. 18 B. 36 C. 72 D. 144 B. 36

Which of the following shows how information is transformed to make a protein?

A. DNA-RNA-protein B. Gene-chromosome-protein C. ATP-amino acid-protein D. RNA-DNA-protein A. DNA-RNA-protein In the hierarchic system of classification, which of the following is least inclusive?

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A. Kingdom B. Class C. Genus D. Species D. Species

After observing an event, you develop an explanation. This statement is referred to as which of the following?

A. Hypothesis B. Experiment C. Conclusion D. Theory A. Hypothesis

A molecule of water is bonded with another molecule of water by what type of bond?

A. Ionic B. Covalent C. Hydrogen D. Molecular C. Hydrogen

Which of the following is a benefit of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water? (Select all that apply)

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A. Water has a relatively high specific heat value.

B. Water has strong cohesive and adhesive properties.

C. Polarity of water allows it to act as a versatile solvent.

D. Water moves from higher to lower concentrations A. Water has a high specific heat B. Water has strong cohesive and adhesive properties C. Polarity of water allows it to act as a versatile solvent

Of all the molecules that are significant to biology, which of the following are considered the most important?

A. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids B. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and calcium C. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and sulfur D. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and iron A. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids

Lipids are better known as fats, but what are they specifically? (Select all that apply.)

A. Fatty acids B. Phospholipids C. Ketones D. Steroids A. Fatty acids B. Phospholipids D. Steroids Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

What are the two categories of fatty acids?

A. Trans fat and saturated fat B. Trans fat and unsaturated fats C. Saturated fats and unsaturated fats D. Saturated fats and polyunsaturated fats C. Saturated fats and unsaturated fats

How do phospholipids function in cells?

A. They are integral components of the nuclear membrane.

B. They are integral components of the cytoplasmic skeleton.

C. They are integral components of the mitochondrial membranes.

D. They are integral components of the plasma membrane.

D. They are integral components of the plasma membrane.

Which of the biologic molecules are considered the most significant contributor to cellular function?

A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Nucleic acids C. Proteins

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Proteins are polymers of which of the following?

A. Monosaccharides B. Amino acids C. Fatty acids D. Nucleotides B. Amino acids

Which of the following proteins catalyze different reactions or processes?

A. Keratin B. Hormone C. Enzyme D. Collagen C. Enzyme

Which of the biologic molecules are components of the molecules of inheritance?

A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Nucleic acids D. Nucleic acids What is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism?

A. Catalysis Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

B. Metabolism C. Catabolism D. Anabolism B. Metabolism

In a cell, reactions take place in a series of steps called:

A. Metabolic pathways B. Chemical bonding C. Synthesis D. Hydrolysis A. Metabolic pathways

What is the most fundamental unit of biology?

A. Atom B. Cell C. Tissue D. Organ B. Cell

Which type of cell contains no defined nucleus?

A. Prokaryotic cell B. Eukaryotic cell Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

C. Animal cell D. Protest cell A. Prokaryotic cell

What is the primary purpose of flagella on the surface of cells?

A. Movement of the cell B. Removal of cellular waste C. Replication of chromosomes D. Production of energy A. Movement of the cell

Which cell organelle functions to transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell?

A. Ribosome B. Golgi apparatus C. Lysosome D. Vacuole B. Golgi apparatus

Which of the following are the distinct organelles that produce cell energy?

A. Mitochondrion and chloroplast B. Mitochondrion and nucleus

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C. Chloroplast and nucleus D. Chloroplast and lysosome A. Mitochondrion and chloroplast

Which component of the cell contributes to the protection, communication, and passage of substances into and out of the cell?

A. Nucleus B. Cell membrane C. Endoplasmic reticulum D. Cytoplasm B. Cell membrane

The cell membrane consists of a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins. This bilayer creates a hydrophobic region between two layers of lipids, making it which of the following?

A. Impermeable B. Permeable C. Selectively permeable D. Selectively impermeable C. Selectively permeable What are the two catabolic pathways that lead to cellular energy production?

A. Fermentation and internal respiration B. Fermentation and external respiration

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C. Fermentation and cellular respiration D. Fermentation and anaerobic respiration C. Fermentation and cellular respiration

What is the first step in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate?

A. Glycolysis B. Krebs cycle C. Electron transport chain D. Aerobic respiration A. Glycolysis

During cell respiration, the conversion of glucose results in an overall production of how many ATP molecules?

A. 2 B. 16 C. 18-24 D. 32-36 D. 32-36

What is the function of water in photosynthesis?

A. Combine with carbon dioxide B. Absorb light energy

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C. Supply electrons in light reactions D. Transport hydrogen ions in the dark reactions C. Supply electrons in light reactions

Cells reproduce by different processes, all of which fall into what two categories?

A. Sexual reproduction and binary fission B. Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction C. Asexual reproduction and binary fission D. Asexual reproduction and mitosis B. Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction

Which of the following describes how a bacterium reproduces?

A. Mitosis B. Meiosis C. Binary fission D. Cytokinesis C. Binary fission

Regarding mitosis and cytokinesis, one difference between higher plants and animals is that in plants: A cell plate begins to form at telophase, whereas in animals a cleavage furrow is initiated at that stage.

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During which phase of cell reproduction does the cell divide forming two separate identical cells?

D. Cytokinesis

How does meiosis differ from mitosis?

In meiosis, each of the daughter cells contains half as many chromosomes as the parent.

At which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?

A. Prophase I B. Prophase II C. Metaphase I D. Metaphase II A. Prophase I

A cell division occurs in a human. The resulting cells contain 23 chromosomes. This is a description of gametes formed by which process?

A. Mitosis B. Binary fission C. Meiosis D. Cytokinesis C. Meosis If you wanted to determine the probability of a genotype, which of the following would you use?

A. Karyotype B. Electrophoresis Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

C. Punnet square D. Genotype map C. Punnet square

Which of the following terms is used to describe the appearance of the organism?

A. Homozygous B. Heterozygous C. Phenotype D. Genotype C. Phenotype

What is the probability that a recessive trait would be expressed in an offspring if two parents who are both heterozygous for the desired trait were crossed?

A. 100% B. 25% C. 50% D. 25% D. 25%

Because genetics is the study of heredity, many human disorders can be determined by studying a person's chromosomes or by creating which of the following?

A. Punnet square B. Pedigree Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

C. Chromosome model D. Genetic map B. Pedigree

Why is DNA important for metabolic activities of the cell?

A. It initiates cellular mitosis.

B. It provides cell wall stability.

C. It increases glucose absorption.

D. It controls the synthesis on enzymes.

D. It controls the synthesis of enzymes

During protein synthesis, what process uses an RNA strand to produce a complementary strand of DNA? A. Transcription B. Translation C. Transfer synthesis D. Codon synthesis A. Transcripton

During the process of transcription, a sequence of RNA is generated in which the RNA base Cytosine (C) is inserted complementary to the DNA base Guanine (G). Which RNA base is inserted complementary to the DNA base thymine (T)?

A. Adenine Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

B. Cytosine C. Quinine D. Thymine A. Adenine

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

A. Mitochondrion B. Vacuole C. Cell membrane D. Ribosome D. Ribosome

Which statement is UNTRUE?

A. RNA is single-stranded B. RNA contains uracil C. DNA codes for proteins.

D. DNA can not be altered.

D. DNA can not be altered

Imagine that two parents both carry the recessive gene for cystic fibrosis. Any homozygous recessive offspring will manifest the disease. What percentage of the offspring is predicted to be carriers but not manifest the disease?

A. 0% Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

B. 25% C. 50% D. 100% C. 50%

A cell is in a solution in which the concentration of solutes is higher inside the cell than outside the cell. What would you expect to happen to the cell?

A. It will swell and possibly burst.

B. It will shrivel and shrink C. It will maintain its current size D. It will grow a supportive cell wall.

A. It will swell and possibly burst.

What is the purpose of phloem tissue in plant stems?

A. It conducts water up through the stem.

B. It conducts the energy of light to leaves.

C. It conducts food throughout the plant.

D. It conducts carbon dioxide throughout the plant.

C. It conducts food throughout the plant

Physical factors such as temperature and pH can alter enzyme activity because they have an effect on the enzyme's ____________.

A. Acidity Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

B. Shape C. Chemistry D. Substrate B. Shape

Which part of a plant's reproductive system is of a different "gender" than the others?

A. Stamen B. Pistil C. Stigma D. Style A. Stamen

What kind of symbiosis exists between a pneumonia bacterium and a human?

A. Mutualism B. Parasitism C. Commensalism D. Competition B. Parasitism

The scientific name for a house cat is Felis catus. This indicates the house cat's _______ and ________.

A. Kingdom;family B. Order; subspecies Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

C. Phylum; class D. Genus; species D. Genus; species

Beeswax is an example of what kind of molecule?

A. Lipid B. Carbohydrate C. Protein D. Nucleic acid A. Lipid

What takes place in a lysosome?

A. Ribosomes are made.

B. Food is produced.

C. Water is stored.

D. Food is digested.

D. Food is digested

Which organism reproduces via binary fission?

A. Mushroom B. Blue whale

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C. Rainbow trout D. Salmonella D. Salmonella

In which phase of cell division do the chromosomes replicate?

A. Prophase B. Interphase C. Anaphase D. Telophase B. Interphase

In a strand of DNA, you would expect to see adenine paired with ___________.

A. Cytosine B. Uracil C. Thymine D. Guanine C. Thymine

Hemophilia is a sex-linked trait carried on the X chromosome. In an example of a male with hemophilia and a female carrier, what ratio of the offspring is predicted to have the disease?

A. 0 female:2 male B. 1 female:0 male Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

C. 1 female:2 male D. 2 female:1 male B. 1 female:0 male

What is represented by this formula: 6CO2 + 6H2O > C6H12O6 + 6O2?

A. Glycolysis B. Cellular respiration C. Photosynthesis D. Electronic transport C. Photosynthesis

Three students measured the mass of a product of combustion. The recorded measurements of 5.14g, 5.16g, and 5.17g. If the known mass of the product is 5.30 g, how would you describe the students' measurements?

A. Accurate B. Precise C. Both accurate and precise D. Neither accurate nor precise B. Precise

Which statement regarding energy content is true?

A. Decomposers > secondary consumers B. Primary consumers > producers Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

C. Producers > secondary consumers D. Secondary consumers > primary consumers C. Producers > secondary consumers

Which statement is UNTRUE?

A. RNA is single-stranded B. RNA contains uracil C. DNA codes for proteins.

D. DNA cannot be altered.

D. DNA cannot be altered

Imagine that two parents both carry the recessive gene for cystic fibrosis. Any homozygous recessive offspring will manifest the disease. What percentage of the offspring is predicted to be carriers but not manifest the disease?

A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 100% C. 50%

A cell is in a solution in which the concentration of solutes is higher inside the cell than outside the cell. What would you expect to happen to the cell?

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A. It will swell and possibly burst.

B. It will shrivel and shrink C. It will maintain its current size D. It will grow a supportive cell wall.

A. It will swell and possibly burst.

What is the purpose of phloem tissue in plant stems?

A. It conducts water up through the stem.

B. It conducts the energy of light to leaves.

C. It conducts food throughout the plant.

D. It conducts carbon dioxide throughout the plant.

C. It conducts food throughout the plant

Physical factors such as temperature and pH can alter enzyme activity because they have an effect on the enzyme's ____________.

A. Acidity B. Shape C. Chemistry D. Substrate B. Shape

Which part of a plant's reproductive system is of a different "gender" than the others?

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A. Stamen B. Pistil C. Stigma D. Style A. Stamen

What kind of symbiosis exists between a pneumonia bacterium and a human?

A. Mutualism B. Parasitism C. Commensalism D. Competition B. Parasitism

The scientific name for a house cat is Felis catus. This indicates the house cat's _______ and ________.

A. Kingdom;family B. Order; subspecies C. Phylum; class D. Genus; species D. Genus; species

Beeswax is an example of what kind of molecule?

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A. Lipid B. Carbohydrate C. Protein D. Nucleic acid A. Lipid

What takes place in a lysosome?

A. Ribosomes are made.

B. Food is produced.

C. Water is stored.

D. Food is digested.

D. Food is digested

Which organism reproduces via binary fission?

A. Mushroom B. Blue whale C. Rainbow trout D. Salmonella D. Salmonella

In which phase of cell division do the chromosomes replicate?

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A. Prophase B. Interphase C. Anaphase D. Telophase B. Interphase

In a strand of DNA, you would expect to see adenine paired with ___________.

A. Cytosine B. Uracil C. Thymine D. Guanine C. Thymine

Which statement regarding energy content is true?

A. Decomposers > secondary consumers B. Primary consumers > producers C. Producers > secondary consumers D. Secondary consumers > primary consumers C. Producers > secondary consumers

Which of the following is a correct description of metaphase during mitosis?

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A) The nuclear envelope disappears and the chromosomes begin to attach to the spindle that forms along the axis of the cell.

B) Chromosomes gather on either side of the now separating cell.

C)Chromosomes start to separate.

D) Chromosomes align along the center of the cell.

D) Chromosomes align along the center of the cell.

Where can ribosomes be found inside a cell?

A) Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm.

B) Only in the cytoplasm.

C) Only attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

D) None of the above.

A) Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm.

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?

A)To provide intracellular digestion.

B)To provide transportation of materials throughout the cell.

C)To uptake food through the cell membrane.

D)To produce cellular respiration.

B)To provide transportation of materials throughout the cell.

What characteristic of water allows for hydrogen bonding between molecules?

A)Its high specific heat.

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

B)Its cohesive properties.

C)Its covalent bonds.

D)Its polar nature.

D)Its polar nature.

Which of the following is the MOST inclusive in the hierarchic system of organization?

A)Kingdom.

B)Class.

C)Genus.

D)Species.

A)Kingdom

In which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

A)G1 B)S C)G2 D)D1 B)S

Which of the following processes reduces cells originally classified as diploid to haploid?

A)Meiosis.

B)Mitosis.

C)Both meiosis and mitosis.

D)Neither meiosis and mitosis.

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A) Meiosis.

Which of the following is an example of a cell created by meiosis?

A)Kidney cell.

B)Sperm cell.

C)Brain cell.

D)Skin cell.

B) Sperm cell

The Krebs cycle is a process described as:

A)the creation of ATP and Pyruvate.

B)the creation of GTP and NADH. C)the process by which plants take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

D)a linear method of creating energy.

B) the creation of GTP and NADH.

The plasma membranes of cells are composed of:

A)a single layer of phospholipid molecules.

B)a bilayer of phospholipid molecules.

C)proteins that act as transport highways.

D)mitochondria.

B) a bilayer of phospholipid molecules.

Which of the following activities does NOT lead to cellular energy production?

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A)Glycolysis.

B)Gluconeogenesis.

C)Oxidative Phosphorylation.

D)Cellular Respiration.

B) Gluconeogenesis.

Using garden peas, which of the following scientists discovered the basic principles of genetics?

A)Galileo.

B)Mendel.

C)Curie.

D)Hawking.

B)Mendel.

The alternative versions of a single gene are known as:

A)traits.

B)characteristics.

C)RNA. D)alleles.

D)alleles.

What device makes it possible to predict the genotype and phenotype of the offspring of sexual reproduction?

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A)Punnett square.

B)Chi square.

C)PCR. D)Microscope.

A) Punnett square.

The traits which an organism shows (as opposed to what its genes code for), is known by which of the following terms?

A)Phenotype.

B)Genotype.

C)Stereotype.

D)Classification.

A) Phenotype

An organism that has a genotype of two dominant alleles for one gene is:

A)Heterozygous.

B)Homozygous.

C)Multiparous.

D)Nulliparous B) Homozygous.

The method by which mRNA is created is begun by which of the following processes?

A)Replication.

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B)Translation.

C)Splitting.

D)Transcription.

D)Transcription.

Which scientists are responsible for describing the structure of DNA?

A)Watson and Crick.

B)Watson and Holmes.

C)Holmes and Croiger.

D)Brown and Curie.

A)Watson and Crick.

All genes can be described using the Punnett Square method. True or False?

A)True B)False B)False

The term pleiotropy is best defined as:

A)A condition in which multiple genes are missing.

B)A situation in which one gene remains unexpressed.

C)One gene influencing multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits.

D)Two genes affected by a single allele.

C)One gene influencing multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits.

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Which molecules are responsible for the base pairing action in DNA?

A)Phosphate groups.

B)Sugar molecules.

C)Nitrogenous bases.

D)Codons.

C)Nitrogenous bases.

The oxidation of the NADH molecules to produce oxygen and water in cellular respiration takes place in a series of steps defined as:

A)Cellular inspiration.

B)Krebs cycle.

C)Electron transport chain.

D)Cellular conversion.

C)Electron transport chain.

For every glucose molecule utilized during cellular respiration, approximately how many ATP molecules can be produced?

A)14 to 18.

B)18 to 25.

C)32 to 36.

D)68 to 70.

C)32 to 36.

Which of the following is a correct description of the shape of frozen water molecules?

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A)Ladder.

B)Block.

C)Parallel.

D)Lattice.

D)Lattice.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

A)Saturated fatty acids contain double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids.

B)Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids.

C)Saturated fatty acids often contain two or more pairs of double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids.

D)There is no difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

B) Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids.

Diets that contain high amounts of saturated fatty acids are linked to what disease type?

A)Renal.

B)Coronal.

C)Cardiovascular.

D)Pleural.

C)Cardiovascular.

Based on the inherent properties of water molecules, what effect would a large body of water have on the temperature of a climate?

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A)Increase.

B)Decrease.

C)Stabilize.

D)Destabilize.

C)Stabilize.

Which of the following descriptions relates to water's property of cohesion?

A)Water beading together on top of a freshly waxed car.

B)An ocean stabilizing the temperature of a region.

C)Water dissolving salt to become salt water.

D)A bottle of water cracking when left in the freezer.

A) Water beading together on top of a freshly waxed car.

In DNA, adenosine will only bond with which of the following base pairs?

A)Adenosine.

B)Thymine.

C)Guanine.

D)Uracil.

B)Thymine.

A pea plant has alleles for the dominant tall gene (T) and the recessive short gene (t). Therefore, it appears as Tt. Which of the following will correctly describe its phenotype if there is complete dominance? And which describes incomplete dominance? (complete, incomplete)

A)Tall, Tall Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

B)Average. Tall C)Tall, Average D)Tall, Short C)Tall, Average

The liver is an organ responsible for detoxifying the body of many harmful substances.

Therefore, you might expect the liver to contain a high amount of:

A)Rough endoplasmic reticulum.

B)Lysosomes.

C)Mitochondria.

D)Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

D)Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

A scientist conducts an experiment to discover the effect of music on plant growth. He hypothesizes that the music will help plants grow at a faster rate than plants without music. By the end of the experiment, plants grown with music playing grew to an average height of 5.6 inches, while plants grown without music playing grew to an average height of 2.3 inches.

Which of the following is the scientist's correct conclusion?

A)All plants grow better with music.

B)In the experiment, plants grown with music grew better than those grown without it.

C)In the experiment, plants grown without music grew better than those grown without it.

D)All plants grow better without music.

B)In the experiment, plants grown with music grew better than those grown without it.

It is known that the gene that codes for male pattern baldness depends on the gene for red hair.

This type of interaction between alleles is known as:

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

A)Interplay.

B)Affectation.

C)Genotype.

D)Epistasis.

D)Epistasis.

What is the function of the stomach?

A)Absorption of nutrients B)Digestion of Nutrients C)Digestion and Absorption of nutrients D)None of the above.

B)Digestion of Nutrients

What is the largest type of biological molecule?

A)Lipid.

B)Protein.

C)Carbohydrate.

D)Steroid.

B)Protein.

Phagocytes in the immune system are responsible for the biological action of:

A)Secreting.

B)Consuming.

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C)Altering.

D)Building.

B)Consuming.

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