HESI Anatomy and Physiology Test Bank.

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

HESI Anatomy and Physiology Test-Bank

1.

A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?

A.

Epithelial

B.

Connective

C.

Muscle

D.

Cartilage

E.

Nervous

2.

Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following?

A.

Osteoblasts

B.

Neuroglia

C.

Osteocytes

D.

Arterioles

3.

Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?

pg. 1

A.

Epithelial

B.

Connective

C.

Nervous

D.

Muscle

4.

What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs?

A.

Atom

B.

Organelle

C.

Cell

D.

DNA

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

5. What is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli called?

A.

External respiration

B.

Internal respiration

C.

Inhalation

D.

Cellular respiration

6.

In order for inhalation to occur, what must happen?

A. Contraction of the diaphragm, which decreases the volume of the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs B. Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs C.

Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles contract, and the thorax decreases in size

D.

Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles relax, and the thorax decreases in size

7.

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood does which of the following?

A.

It is carried in solution or bound to blood proteins.

B.

It is carried on hemoglobin.

C.

It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells.

D.

It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within the plasma.

8.

How does the trachea remain open like a hollow tube?

A.

Air pressure inside keeps it open.

B.

Supporting cartilaginous rings keep it open.

C.

It is reinforced with bone that cannot collapse.

D.

Special muscles are working to keep the trachea open.

9.

The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy substance called which of the following?

pg. 2

A.

Bolus

B.

Bile

C.

Chyme

D.

Feces

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

10.

Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose?

A.

insulin

B.

glucagon

C.

growth hormone

D.

glucocorticoids

11.

Which structure controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland?

A.

hypothalamus

B.

adrenal gland

C.

testes

D.

pancreas

12.

How much of a female’s blood volume is composed of red blood cells?

A. 10% B. 25% C. 40% D. 70%

pg. 3

13.

Which type of cholesterol is considered to be the best for health?

A.

LDL

B.

HDL

C.

VLDL

D.

VHDL

14.

Where are the vocal cords located?

A.

bronchi

B.

trachea

C.

larynx

D.

epiglottis

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

15.

Where does gas exchange occur in the human body?

A.

alveoli

B.

bronchi

C.

larynx

D.

pharynx

16.

What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions?

A.

Chloride

B.

Sodium

C.

Calcium

D.

Magnesium

17.

In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?

pg. 4

A.

Thoracic cavity

B.

Mediastinum

C.

Abdominal cavity

D.

Pelvic cavity

18.

What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

A.

Diaphragm

B.

Mediastinum

C.

Liver

D.

Lungs

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

pg. 5

19.

Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function?

A.

Simple squamous epithelium—secretion or absorption

B.

Stratified squamous epithelium—changes shape when stretched

C.

Stratified squamous epithelium—diffusion

D.

Simple columnar epithelium—secretion or absorption

20.

Which type of cell division takes place in the gonads?

A.

Mitosis

B.

Meiosis

C.

Binary fission

D.

Asexual division

21.

In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum?

A.

Back of the hand

B.

Heel of the foot

C.

Abdomen

D.

Over the shin

22.

Which of the following proteins is produced by cartilage?

A.

actin

B.

estrogen

C.

collagen

D.

myosin

23.

Which component of the nervous system is responsible for lowering the heart rate?

A.

central nervous system

B.

sympathetic nervous system

C.

parasympathetic nervous system

D.

distal nervous system

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 24.

Which type of substance breaks down to form urea?

A.

lipid

B.

protein

C.

carbohydrate

D.

iron

25.

What is the name for a joint that can only move in two directions?

A.

hinge

B.

insertion

C.

ball and socket

D.

flange

26.

In which of the following muscle types are the filaments arranged in a disorderly manner?

A.

cardiac

B.

smooth

C.

skeletal

D.

rough

27.

What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery secretion?

A.

Sebaceous glands

B.

Eccrine glands

C.

Apocrine glands

D.

Endocrine glands

28.

Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating in the production of which of the following?

pg. 6

A.

Sebum

B.

Keratin

C.

Vitamin A

D.

Vitamin D

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 29.

Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? (Select all that apply.)

A.

Support the body

B.

Hemopoiesis

C.

Conduct impulses

D.

Provide protection

30.

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What is he describing?

A.

Epiphysis

B.

Articular cartilage

C.

Perichondrium

D.

Diaphysis

31.

You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needlelike structures. What is the tissue?

pg. 7

A.

Spongy bone

B.

Compact bone

C.

Cartilage

D.

Adipose tissue

32.

The heart has an intrinsic beat that is initiated by which of the following?

A.

Semilunar valve

B.

Bicuspid valve

C.

Tricuspid valve

D.

Sinoatrial node

33.

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction result from which of the following?

A.

Contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

B.

Relaxation of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

C.

Relaxation and contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

D.

Contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the venous wall

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 34.

Which of the following is the blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells of the body?

pg. 8

A.

Artery

B.

Vein

C.

Capillary

D.

Arteriole

35.

What is the function of aldosterone?

A.

It converts proinsulin to insulin.

B.

It conserves sodium in the body.

C.

It protects against stress.

D.

It affects heat production.

36.

All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed where for decontamination?

A.

Kidney

B.

Pancreas

C.

Spleen

D.

Liver

37.

Which of the following bones is the only moveable bone of the skull?

A.

Maxilla

B.

Zygomatic

C.

Lacrimal

D.

Mandible

38.

Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body?

A.

Chloride

B.

Sodium

C.

Calcium

D.

Magnesium

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 39.

Why are skeletal muscles also called voluntary muscles?

A.

They are under conscious control.

B.

They are attached to the skeleton.

C.

They use ATP to energize contraction.

D.

They are striated in appearance.

40.

All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following?

A.

Neuroglia

B.

Efferent pathways

C.

Afferent pathways

D.

Neurons

41.

Motor or

A.

neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the CNS.

Afferent B.

Efferent

C.

Central

D.

Peripheral

42.

Jeffery has contracted bulbar poliomyelitis, and it has affected the medulla oblongata.

The doctors warned the family that his condition is grave and death may be imminent. What functions of the medulla oblongata have warranted such a dire prognosis?

A. The medulla oblongata contains vital centers that control heart action, blood vessel diameter, and respiration.

B.

The medulla oblongata contains neural connections of the reticular-activating system.

C.

The medulla oblongata contains the pineal gland, which controls the vital centers.

D. The medulla oblongata contains the corpora quadrigemina, which controls the neural transmission of impulses along the spinal cord.

43.

What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called?

pg. 9

A.

Hormones

B.

Neurons

C.

Glands

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) D.

Second messengers

44.

Which of the following are tropic hormones? (Select all that apply.)

A.

Somatotropin

B.

Follicle-stimulating hormone

C.

Antidiuretic hormone

D.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

45.

Which leukocytes are correctly matched with their function or description? (Select all that apply.)

pg. 10

A.

Monocytes—become macrophages

B.

Basophils—the most common type of WBC

C.

Lymphocytes—important in immune response

D.

Neutrophils—phagocytize microorganisms

46.

Which are the functional units of the kidney?

A.

Ureters

B.

Glomeruli

C.

Nephrons

D.

Renal capsules

47.

What are the two functions of the male and female sex organs?

A.

Production of all cells and production of hormones

B.

Production of interstitial cells and production of hormones

C.

Production of gametes and production of hormones

D.

Production of gametes and production of interstitial cells

48.

In men, spermatozoa develop within the

A.

Seminiferous tubules

B.

Vas deferens

C.

Ejaculatory ducts

D.

Bulbourethral glands

of each testis.

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

49.

Testicular activity is under the control of which hormone(s)?

A.

FSH

B.

LH

C.

GH D. Both FSH and LH

50.

Which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?

A.

FSH

B.

Estrogen

C.

LH

D.

Progesterone

51.

During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the endometrium and prepare the breasts for milk production?

pg. 11

A.

Placenta

B.

Uterus

C.

Cervix

D.

Corpus luteum

52.

What is the name of the structure that prevents food from entering the airway?

A.

trachea

B.

esophagus

C.

diaphragm

D.

epiglottis

53.

Which substance makes up the pads that provide support between the vertebrae?

A.

bone

B.

cartilage

C.

tendon

D.

fat

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

pg. 12

54.

How many different types of tissue are there in the human body?

A.

four

B.

six

C.

eight

D.

ten

55.

What is the name of the outermost layer of skin?

A.

dermis

B.

epidermis

C.

subcutaneous tissue

D.

hypodermis

56.

Which hormone stimulates milk production in the breasts during lactation?

A.

norepinephrine

B.

antidiuretic hormone

C.

prolactin

D.

oxytocin

57.

Which of the following structures has the lowest blood pressure?

A.

arteries

B.

arteriole

C.

venule

D.

vein

58.

Which of the heart chambers is the most muscular?

A.

left atrium

B.

right atrium

C.

left ventricle

D.

right ventricle

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

59.

Which part of the brain interprets sensory information?

A.

Hindbrain

B.

Cerebrum

C.

cerebellum

D.

medulla oblongata

60.

How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath?

A.

500 mL

B.

750 mL

C.

1000 mL

D.

1250 mL

61.

Which type of cell secretes antibodies?

A.

bacterial cell

B.

viral cell

C.

lymph cell

D.

plasma cells

62.

Which force motivates filtration in the kidneys?

A.

osmosis

B.

smooth muscle contraction

C.

peristalsis

D.

blood pressure

63.

Which structure of the nervous system carries action potential in the direction of a synapse?

pg. 13

A.

cell body

B.

axon

C.

neuron

D.

myelin

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

64.

Where is the parathyroid gland located?

A.

neck

B.

back

C.

side

D.

brain

65.

What is the name of the process in the lungs by which oxygen is transported from the air to the blood?

A.

osmosis

B.

diffusion

C.

dissipation

D.

reverse osmosis

66.

What are the chemical substances that prevent a sharp change in the pH of a fluid when an acid or a base is added to it?

Buffer

67.

What do T-lymphocytes do?

Defend the body against microbes

68.

Which structure produces T-lymphocytes?

Thymus

69.

Which structure produces B-lymphocytes?

Red bone marrow

pg. 14

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 70.

What is the function of Eustachian tube?

Equilibrates pressure between the middle ear and external environment

71.

What physiological response occurs when epinephrine and non-ephedrineBlood is directed toward the heart, skeletal muscles and brain.

72.

Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory system?

Pharynx(throat). It includes nose (nostrils), nasal cavity, mouth, and larynx (voice box).

73.

The structure in the lower RS includes: Trachea, primary bronchi and lungs.

74.

Calcaneus is located in what part of the body?

Foot

75.

Dorsiflexion plantar flexion are types of joint movement that are associated with which part of the body?

Foot

76.

A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in which area?

Arm – inability to abduct hands and fingers

77. pg. 15

The ankle is distal to the knee

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

78.

Posterior means what part of the body?

The back

79.

Which bones are located in the forearm?

Ulna and Radius

80.

Which bone dose not articulate with any other bone?

Hyoid – is a U-shape bone in the neck that supports the tongue

81.

Which of the following elements is necessary for muscle contraction?

Calcium

82.

Diet is important because bone are storage places for?

Calcium and phosphorous

83.

What female reproductive organ produces oocytes, estrogen, progesterone?

Ovaries

84.

Which layer of the cutaneous membrane are nerve ending located- Dermis {Where is the nerve ending close to the skin? Dermis}

85.

Which bones are formed first by intramembrous ossification?

Flat bones of skull

pg. 16

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 86.

Ligaments provides with connection?

Bone to bone (Tendon -muscle to bone)

87.

Sprain occurs when there is a tear in which structure?

Ligament muscle/ankle/shoulder

88.

Why are tendons and ligament most likely to be slow in healing following an injury?

Lack of blood supply/because these connective tissues are avascular.

89.

Compact tissue with Haversian canals is classified as what type of tissue?

Bone

90.

What structure conducts urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder? (The tube between kidney and urinary bladder) Ureter

91.

As part of the negative feedback system, which type of cell is stimulated to resorb bone matrix in response to a decrease in calcium in the blood?

Osteoclasts

92.

Sweat on the skin's surface cools the body through which process?

Evaporation

pg. 17

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

93.

A Client has large pituitary tumor. The nurse knows that this tumor exists in which part of the body? Head /Client has large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect?

Head hurt, sickness, low blood pressure

94.

Which anatomical structure houses the malleus, incus, and stapes?

Skull ear

95.

Ceruminous glands secrete Ear wax/ Cerumen

96.

What is the function of the Sebaceous gland?

To produce sebum or oil

97.

The nurse explains to a client that the stomach is lined by which type of membrane?

Mucous {The respiratory system is lined with a mucous membrane that secret mucus}

98.

The mediastinum is located within which cavity?

Thoracic

pg. 18

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 99.

What effects do serotonin has on neurotransmitters?

Involved with mood, sleep, appetite and anxiety

100.

What does antidiuretic hormone act on?

Helps to control blood pressure by acting on the kidneys and the blood vessels. /Regulates and balances the amount of water in the body

101.

The occipital region is located in which part of the body?

Head (at the back)/ lower part of the cranium

102.

In white blood cells what contributes to phagocytosis?

Macrophages, neutrophils

103.

Thrombocytes (platelets) smallest type of blood cell important for blood clotting.

When bleeding occurs it swell, clump together and form sticky plug that helps stop the bleeding.

104.

Which blood element carries oxygen-

Erythrocytes (Red blood cells)

pg. 19

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 105.

Which gland is commonly known as the "Master Gland"?

Pituitary Gland

106.

What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis?

Eccrine gland- regulates temperature

107.

Which statement are true about bone?

Osteoblast, epiphyseal, diaphysis.

108.

What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing?

Cochlea

109.

Which structure of the gastrointestinal tract controls the movement of content from small intestine to the large intestine?

Ileocecal valve

110.

What are the divisional regions of the large intestine (colon)? Cecum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon. (cecum-ascending-transverse-descending-sigmoid colons)

111.

Where in the human body are nutrients absorbed?

Small intestine (Small intestine is made up of three segment – Duodenum, Jejunum, and ileum).

pg. 20

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 112.

Ossification begins during what?

Embryonic development

113.

Fertilization occurs in the?

Oviduct

114. Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure?

Fallopian tubes

115. Which term is used to describe the waist bones/area?

Carpal

116. An over-production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area?

External ear canals

117. The mitral value is located between which two structures?

Left ventricle & Left atrium (Tricuspid – right ventricle and right atrium)

118. The olfactory nerves are associate in which sense?

Smell

119. Which of the special senses respond to chemical?

Taste and olfaction

pg. 21

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 120. Which vessel brings blood from the lungs to the heart?

Pulmonary vein

121. What vessel carries blood from the body to the heart?

Vena cava

122. Which hormone(s) is/are produced by the ovaries?

Estrogen & progesterone (Men – Estrogen and testosterone)

123. Two principles divisions that makeup nervous system?

Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

124. The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What area is he describing?

Epiphysis

125. Which term is used to describe movement of the arms and legs away from midline of the body?

Abduction- arm away from the body (Adduction- arm towards the body’s midline)

126. Which part of the body do you check for carotid pulse- Carotid Artery. Structure provides a pulse reading in the neck?

Carotid Artery

pg. 22

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 127. What is the primary function of the hemoglobin (blood)?

Carry oxygen

128. What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function? rise in CO2; Fall in O2 (increase in blood pressure)

129. Which condition causes a client to say "I can't see far away"?

Nearsightedness

130. What organ produces insulin?

Pancreas

131. When drawing blood from antecubital region which blood vessel is used to obtain blood? a) Ulnar vein b) Radial artery c) Axillary artery d) Brachial vein (Median cubital)

132. What hormone induces growth of pubic and axillary hair at puberty?

Testosterone and estrogen

133. Increase in rate of depth of breath results in what blood PH change?

Alkalosis

134. What is the function of the hypothalamus? (Regulate body temperature)

Regulate function of body, balance and thermoregulatory

pg. 23

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 135. The passive movement of molecules or particles along a concentrated gradient or from a region of higher concentration to a lower concentration is called Diffusion / Filtration is the process by which water and solutes are forced through a membrane or capillary wall by fluid or hydrostatic pressure

136. Transverse plane is a cross section of the body.

Coronal – separates back and front}

137. What part of the body is the lower back?

Lumbar vertebrae

138. High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest?

Potassium

139. What blood vessel perfuses the kidney?

Renal vein

140. The skin is the largest organ of the body. What gives the skin its color?

Melanin

141. What is the outer most protective layer of the skin?

Epidermis (the inner layer of the skin is dermis- composed of fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles and glands) pg. 24

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

142. The organ of corti is located in?

Ear 143. The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the human cell to?

Synthesize proteins Function of rough ER- protein synthesis, membrane production. Smooth ER synthesize lipids and steroids, regulate calcium concentration

144. Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in?

Protein 145. What is the definition of chyme?

Partly digested food! The result of action by the stomach. (the thick, wet mass of partly digested food that leaves the stomach)

146. What are hormones?

Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that controls or coordinates the activities of other tissues.

147. What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules?

Cilia (An epithelial cell that other goes circle of movement is cilia)

148. Which is a hollow organ?

Gall bladder (heart, stomach)

pg. 25

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 149. Which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris group?

Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius

150. Which of the following location would the urinary bladder & internal reproductive organ be found?

Pelvic region/cavity

151.Which part of the brain attaches to spinal cord?

Medulla oblongata

152. Which structure is responsible for normal respiratory function?

Medulla oblongata – it controls breathing Cerebrum – associated with movement and sensory input Cerebellum- responsible for muscle / muscular co-ordination Medulla oblongata- controls many vital functions such as respiration and heartbeat/rate.

153. T4 is controlled by what?

Thyroid

154. What gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea?

Thyroid Gland

155. Function of ADH - reabsorption of water pg. 26

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

156. Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland?

ADH and Oxytocin

157. Which hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland?

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) {also includes – TSH, LH, ACTH, Growth Hormone and PRL}

158. What female hormone stimulate the development of Graafian follicles?

FSH

159. What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulation is increased?

Blood pressure rises, goose bumps

160. What part of the body is the buttock- dorsal. / The buttock is on which surface of the body?

Posterior body surface

161. The esophagus is located in which body cavity?

Thoracic

162. The tympanic membrane is located between which structures?

External auditory canal and middle ear (tympanic membrane -ear drum, it is a thin membrane that separates the outer (external) ear from the middle ear)

pg. 27

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 163. What is the end result of meiosis? 23 chromosomes {Mitosis – cell division that produces two identical daughters (process in which DNA is duplicated); Mitosis is necessary for growth and repair/ Meiosis - cell division that takes place in the gonads (the ovaries and testes), chromosomes number reduces from 4623}.

164. How many days is the average menstrual cycle?

28 ays

165. Urinary system in the human body primary task is to? Expel waste

166. What is the function of the phrenic nerve?

Innervates the diaphragm

The phrenic nerve (cervical plexus) is a nerve that originates in the neck (C3-C5) and passes down between the lung and the heart to reach the diaphragm. It is important for breathing, as it passes motor information to the diaphragm and receives sensory information from it, there are two phrenic nerves, a left and a right one.

167. What does vitamin D do to the skin?

Vitamin D contributes to skin cell growth, repair, and metabolism. It optimizes the skin’s immune system and help destroy free radicals that can cause premature aging. Vitamin D regulates two important bone materials- calcium and phosphorous, which stimulates internal absorption of Ca and P to maintain healthy blood levels and build and maintain bone. Biological function of vitamin D- calcium balance, immunomodulation, regulate pg. 28

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) cell-growth, and reduces hypertension by downregulating renin production.

168. Which of the following produce progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy?

Corpus luteum

169. Which antibodies are found in the plasma of type A blood?

Anti B

170. Which antibodies are found in the plasma of type AB blood?

Neither A or B

171. What encloses the heart?

Pericardium

172. Where is the tibialis anterior muscle located?

Lower leg (Largest bone of the leg- Tibia, smallest bone of the leg- Fibula)

173. How many carb per gram do carbohydrates contain?

4

174. Where is the pulmonary ossification center located?

Diaphysis

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Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 175. Which of the following best describes a capillary?

Location for gas and nutrient exchange (nutrients and gas exchange occur in the capillaries, not veins or arteries)

176. Which one increases angle at the joint?

Extensor

177. What are the four basic tissue types?

Connective, Epithelium, Nervous, Muscle.

178. Order of organization of living things: Organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and biosphere

179. What is the function of aldosterone in the kidneys, when it is secreted?

It conserves sodium in the body

180. What does lymphatic system do?

Filter lymph, remove debris.

Function of lymph nodes- They filter lymph and assist the immune system in building an immune response. Lymph is a clear fluid that comes from blood plasma and exits blood vessels at capillary beds.

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Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 181. What structure of the eye picks out color?

Retina

182. 1What is the transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye?

Cornea

183. The basic unit of life and the building block of tissue/organismCell

184. The study of tissues/cells – Histology

185. What characteristic best describe dermis?

Structure and strength

186. Osteoblast – Cells that form compact bone

187. Broken humerus adolescent: classified as a Proximal fracture or a shaft fracture.

188. The enzymes that regulates all chemical reactions within the body – Proteins

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Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 189. Hormones are chemical messengers that control the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells. Two types- Steroid hormone and Protein hormone The main production of endocrine gland is hormones

190. Causes of ear infection in children?

It is the length of the Eustachian tube. (Kids have shorter Eustachian tube).

191. Herpes is a viral infection usually characterized by?

Skin eruption / Sign of Herpes? Rash

192. Function of trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles?

Warm and moisten air before it enters the lungs

193. Which subdivision of autonomic nervous system operates using the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine?

Sympathetic Nervous System

194. Sensory neurons (afferent) transmit nerve impulses toward the CNS {spinal cord and brain}, Motor (efferent) neurons transmit nerve impulses away from d CNS towards the organs such as muscles, glands, &digestive organs. PNS- all other neurons in d body.

195. Axons transmit the impulse away from the cell body, while dendrites transmit the impulse towards the cell body.

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Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 196. What part of the male reproduction produce most of the semen?

Seminal Vesicle

197. Produce most of the spermSeminiferous Tubules

198. It is very cold… shivering? What muscle is involved?

Skeletal muscle

199.

The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery?

Popliteal

200.

Part of the body Facing forwardAnterior

201.

Melanoma

……ABCD of cancer?

{The most dangerous form of

skin cancer}

202.

Which of the following statements best describe endocrine glands?

They secrete chemicals into the blood

203.

Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system & the urinary system?

Urethra 204.

Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecule?

Lactic acid pg. 33

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

205.When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the nurse notes that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten large amount of: Carrot and squash

206.Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward?

Palms of the hand facing anteriorly

207.

What are like cells grouped together called? A tissue

208.

What type of synovial joint is the elbow?

Hinge

209.

Which structure is a ball and socket joint?

Shoulder

210.

What are fingerprints made of?

Friction Ridges

211.

What are like cells grouped together called?

Tissue

212.

Which is the largest chamber of the heart?

Left Ventricle

213. pg. 34

Membrane that lines body cavities that open the exterior of the body is

Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com)

Mucous membrane (inside of the body cavity- serous membrane)

214.Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the slide surface of the lower extremity?

Vastus lateralis

215.

Which structure is located on the sternum?

Xiphoid process

216.

What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?

Increased Cardiac output

217.

Where does digestion begin in the digestive system? Oral cavity/Mouth

218.

Which cell structure regulates the transportation of substances in and out the cell?

Cell membrane

219.

The Malleus, Incus, and Stapes are located in which part of the body? Ear

220.

What is the function of the thrombocytes (platelets)?

Play role in blood clotting

221.What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted?

Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate

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Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) 222.

What is the function of Golgi body/apparatus in the human cell?

Process protein secretion. synthesize carbs and glycoproteins

223.

4 steps in Bone formation: Hematoma (inflammation) -callus formation-ossification- remodeling.

224.

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for auditory functioning?

Temporal lobe

225.When water molecules move across cell membrane from high to low concentration this process is called?

Osmosis

226.

Facilitates the recognition of genetic code on macromolecules?

DNA

227.

What plane divides the body from left to

right? Sagittal plane

228.

Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body?

Eye

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Davis Craig | Beststudy Academics (daviscraig2304@gmail.com/beststudy284@gmail.com) Founder: Davis Craig Contacts: daviscraig2304@gmail.com beststudy284@gmail.com

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