Land and Livestock Post

May 1, 2011

Going green ... as in money PAG E 12

GRAZING SCHOOL FOR NOVICES TEACHES HOW TO BE PROFITABLE FIRE AID

KEEP ON TRUCKING

How to help victims of Texas wildямБres.

Farm vehicles subject to many regulations.

HARD TIMES

QUIT BUGGING ME

PAGE 3

2011 wheat crop may be worst since 2006.

PAGE 6

PAGE 13

Learn how to keep herds parasite-free.

PAGE 15

2

May 1, 2011 âœŞ

The Land & Livestock Post

From the General Manager

I

Special to The Post

FORT WORTH — The Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association is encouraging Texans who wish to make financial donations to ranchers affected by the recent Texas wildfires to do so through the Texas Department of Agriculture’s State of Texas Agriculture Relief fund.

The fund will use financial donations to help purchase hay and fencing supplies for ranchers in the affected areas.

Donations are tax deductible. Donations can be made at www.texasagriculture. gov/starfund or by calling 512-475-1615.

“Many ranchers across parts of West Texas have been completely devastated by the raging wildfires. Thousands of grazing acres have burned, cattle have been lost and hundreds of miles of fences have disappeared,” said Joe Parker Jr., a rancher in Clay County and president of the association.

“Thousands of grazing acres have burned, cattle have been lost and hundreds of miles of fences have disappeared.”

JOE PARKER Jr. President of the Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association

May 1, 2011

fits from the Grazing School for Novices and hear how attendees learned to run their operations more efficiently.

We also have a few stories from the Noble Foundation dealing with bulls and steers and how they sell at the sale barn, and some potential hazards to avoid when transporting those bull and steers, or any ag supplies or equipment.

This issue also has all the upcoming sales and events you need to make sure to get to this month, along with our regular features to keep you in the loop.

As always, thanks for reading. ’Til next time,

✪

got my first sunburn of the year recently. I’m by no means a tropical person, and my skin reacts to extended periods of sunlight in much the same way a fork reacts to being stuck in the microwave.

I’ve learned my lesson through the years, although it took awhile and a lot of aloe vera to learn it.

I normally put JESSE WRIGHT sunscreen on before I go out in the un-shaded world, but I didn’t figure it would get this bad in April.

Some lessons, like mine, are learned the hard way. But others, such as the lessons learned at the recent grazing school in Overton, are easy and can benefit those who need them. In our cover story we look at the bene-

Texas Agriculture Department accepting help for fire victims

The Land & Livestock Post

News

“Thankfully, most of these fires are under control; however, the dry and windy conditions continue to pose serious threats which has us all feeling a little uneasy,” Parker said.

“The flood of support from Texas ranchers, the industry, and state and local officials has been remarkable. We here in the cattle industry know what it means to work together to help each other out, which is why the continued effort to support those affected by the fires is so important,” Parker said.

3

The Land & Livestock Post ✪ May 1, 2011

News

House approves stricter eminent domain bill

By APRIL CASTRO Associated Press

AUSTIN — The Texas House unanimously approved a bill in April that would regulate the already-limited ability of governments to seize property using the power of eminent domain.

The proposed law specifies private property could only be seized by governments under “eminent domain” if needed for public use, such as highways or schools. It also dictates what evidence must be considered by special commissioners in making decisions on reimbursements and the rights of property owners to repurchase taken property.

The government would be required to make a “bona fide” offer to buy the property from landowners and pay for relocation expenses. It also puts into state law a prohibition on property seizure

for private use, which already was prohibited by a constitutional amendment passed in 2009.

Gov. Rick Perry, a Republican, designated the bill a legislative emergency.

“Property ownership is an essential freedom for Texans and an important part of fulfilling the American dream,” Perry said. “I ... commend the Texas House for passing SB 18, which will help further protect property owners by strengthening our eminent domain laws.

“I look forward to seeing this important legislation reach my desk.”

He vetoed a similar bill in 2007, arguing that the language in the legislation would lead to higher costs for taxpayers from more litigation. The move angered farmers and private property rights advocates.

Perry has supported other

“Among other things, the bill says property may only be taken for a public good and that negotiations must be made in good faith, meaning a condemning entity cannot try to shortchange property owners in offering just compensation.”

TODD STAPLES Texas Commissioner of Agriculture eminent domain restrictions, including the 2009 constitutional amendment that banned seizure for private use.

This year’s legislation was supported by the Texas Farm Bureau, pipeline companies and utility companies.

The measure “enforces what the Texas Constitution guarantees — private property owners will be protected from intrusive condemnation proceedings,” said Texas Agriculture Commissioner Todd Staples. “Among other

things, the bill says property may only be taken for a public good and that negotiations must be made in good faith, meaning a condemning entity cannot try to shortchange property owners in offering just compensation.”

The House Democratic leader voted for the bill, but said it did not go far enough to protect Texas property owners.

“The many exemptions in [the legislation] will allow governments to continue taking property for private pur-

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poses,“ said Democratic Rep. Jessica Farrar. “Powerful special interests such as oil pipeline operators ensured that the bill did not apply to them. I will vote for the bill because it does contain some valuable protections for landowners, but I do find it fascinating that the Republican majority’s commitment to individual rights stops cold when it conflicts with the wish list of a favored industry.”

The measure now goes back to the Senate, which can begin the process of working out the differences between the two chambers.

The Land & Livestock Post âœŞ

May 1, 2011

5

The Land & Livestock Post ✪ May 1, 2011

News

This year’s wheat crop may be as bad as 2006

By ROBERT BURNS Texas AgriLife Communications

COLLEGE STATION — Wildfires continued to breakout in many areas, but even without fires wheat farmers were feeling burned, according to Texas AgriLife Extension Service personnel.

With dry conditions, heat and wind, the crop continues to deteriorate, according to Mark Welch, AgriLife Extension economist specializing in grain marketing and policy.

“It’s bad and getting worse,” Welch said. “It looks like the 2011 crop, in terms of production and yields, is going to look like the 2009 crop — perhaps even as bad as the 2006 crop; just disastrous wheat years in Texas.”

This year’s poor crop comes on the heels of a bumper crop in 2011. Also, wheat prices are at record highs, he noted.

“This year’s crop condition ratings show about 40 percent of the Texas crop in very poor condition, which compares with 65 percent very poor in March of 2006 and 53 percent very poor in May of 2009,” Welch said.

On an average year, Texas farmers will produce 100 million bushels of wheat, but this year it looks like it’s going to be a third of that, he said.

Much but not all dryland wheat is at risk, though there are areas, such as the Winters area between San Angelo and Abilene, along U.S. Interstate 35 in Blacklands, that “look pretty good,” Welch said.

Irrigated wheat is a different story, Welch said. In an average year, about 20 percent of Texas wheat crop is irrigated. The higher wheat prices should compensate the higher pumping costs irrigators are facing due to the drought.

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But in many areas, farmers have given up on dryland wheat. Many have already accepted crop-insurance adjustments, according to reports from AgriLife Extension county agents. Where possible, farmers were putting cattle out on wheat, hoping to offoff set pasture and rangeland grazing lost to the drought or wildfires.

As of the morning of April 19, the Texas Forest Service reported there were 20 uncontained fires from previous days. The largest uncontained fire was in Stephens and Palo Pinto counties, estimated to have burned 147,000 acres through April 19. Other fires near Possum Kindom Lake, Caddo and Strawn are smaller in acreage, but have burned 31 homes. Another 600 homes were at risk.

Of the state’s 254 counties, 198 were under burn bans as of April 18, according to the

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AgriLife Extension district reporters compiled the following summaries: Central — Some counties received from 0.5 to 1 inch of

rain, but high winds quickly evaporated that moisture. The drought severely increased the risk of wildfire danger and impacted field and pasture conditions. Corn was wilting, wheat dried down fast and pastures were stressed. Many producers still were feeding hay.

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More cotton planted, at the expense of corn

By BLAIR FANNIN Texas AgriLife Communications

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up.”

Acreage increases of more than 100,000 cotton acres are expected in North Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi.

Meanwhile, corn demand has been strong in the livestock feedlot and ethanol production sectors, Welch said.

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Those sectors have been able to use options and other strategies to mitigate price risk, preserving margin potential, he said.

“For anybody to survive in an ethanol plant or feedlot, you locked in those prices last fall and got into futures and

May 1, 2011

TE PRIVA Y T A E TR

Texas AgriLife Research photo by Blair Fannin

Texas will plant 548,000 more acres of cotton this year than in 2010, leading to fewer acres devoted to corn.

options strategies to limit your risk,” he said.

Developments in the Middle East could create a hurdle in the improving U.S. economy, Welch said. That could cause consumers to cut back on spending as a result of higher crude oil prices, slowing the demand for meat proteins such as beef and poultry.

As Japan continues to recover from the devastating tsunami event, Welch said he thinks they will need more imports of commodities in the future.

“Their demand for basic raw commodities may increase in response to the catastrophe,” he said.

“As they are concerned about quality or restocking supplies in case of another aftershock, I think they may be more concerned about maintaining those levels,” Welch said.

✪

COLLEGE STATION — The United States may not have enough corn planted to meet demand, in part because of an increase in the number of acres planted in cotton, according to a new government report.

U.S. corn stocks are 6.52 billion bushels, down 15 percent from a year ago and less than initially expected, according to a Texas AgriLife Extension Service economist.

“This is a big surprise, and indicates we’re using up last year’s crop faster than we initially thought,” said Mark Welch, AgriLife Extension grain marketing economist.

“We saw corn trading for more than $5 through the winter and expected to be backing off our use, but that hasn’t happened. Demand has been so strong that we overestimated what we had in stocks.”

The recent data released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service suggests the nation may not have enough corn acreage to meet demand. “(Before the report) we thought 92 million acres planted was enough,” Welch said. “We may need 93 million or 94 million now. That’s

what the market is evaluating today in that we need more acres.”

The largest increase in corn-planted acreage in 2011 is expected in South Dakota where growers intend to plant an additional 850,000 acres compared to 2010. Wet field conditions prevented many farmers from planting intended acres, according to USDA officials.

The largest decrease in planted corn is expected in Texas, down 150,000 acres due to an increase in cotton acreage.

“Producers are going to take advantage of historically high cotton prices,” said John Robinson, AgriLife Extension cotton economist. “Texas will plant more cotton acreage this year than any other state.”

Texas is estimated to plant 548,000 acres more of cotton.

The U.S. is projected to plant 12.6 million acres of cotton, 15 percent above last year.

“Even though the forecasted 2011 U.S. cotton plantings are 15 percent higher than for 2010, market watchers were actually expecting an even higher number,” Robinson said. ”So USDA’s forecast of 12.6 million acres of U.S. all cotton was interpreted as bullish, sending [March 31] cotton futures market limit

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The Land & Livestock Post âœŞ May 1, 2011

News

Wheat From 6 tions persisted. Most areas were several inches behind on rainfall with none in the forecast. Crops needed moisture.

High afternoon winds further dried the already parched earth around the plants, taking a toll on potential yields. Most final plantings were put on hold as producers waited for rain. Many farmers lost their first cutting of hay due to lack of rain. Ponds were very low. Livestock producers continued to feed hay.

Cattle, swine, sheep and goat prices were at an all-time high.

East — The region remained extremely dry and windy with only scattered showers early in the reporting period. What rain was received wasn’t enough to make a dent in drought conditions. Pastures were in fair to poor condition. Some hay was being cut, but without substantial rainfall, second and third cuttings will not be possible.

Grasshoppers were beginning to

become a problem in pastures.

Producers were culling herds and selling market-ready calves.

Livestock prices dropped due to the increased numbers being sold. More than half of the region’s counties were under burn bans — Anderson, Cherokee, Houston, Trinity, Polk, Jasper, Newton, Sabine, San Augustine, Nacodogches, Shelby, Panola, Houston and Harrison.

Far West — Extremely dry, hot and windy conditions persisted, putting the area’s cotton crop at risk. The high winds made it hard for area ranchers and firefighters to control grass fires. So far 44,000 acres have burned in Brewster County and 182,000 acres in Jeff Davis County. Some producers lost 95 percent of their grass and hundreds of miles of fence.

Producers from Louisiana, Oklahoma, New Mexico and all across Texas have donated hay and feed to local ranchers.

Pecans came out of dormancy.

Fall-planted onions were at the first bulb stage.

North — There was very little improvement in soil conditions

from light rains. Soil-moisture levels ranged from very short to adequate. Some areas received from 1 inch to 1.5 inches of rain, but the daily high winds took away what soil moisture was gained. Hail accompanied the high winds and rain, and the damage was still being assessed. Ponds and rivers remained very low. Corn was planted and emerged in most areas, but it was already in need of soil moisture. Wheat was in fair to good condition and looked “pretty good,� but was beginning to be stressed for lack of moisture too.

Farmers were planting sorghum, soybeans and cotton. Livestock producers continued to sell cattle due to high prices and lack of grass. Insect populations, including flies on cattle, was exploding. Rangland and pasture conditions were poor to fair.

Panhandle — Dry and windy conditions continued, causing extremely high fire potential throughout the area. Soil moisture was mostly very short. The wheat crop was deteriorating, and producers who could were

activity irrigating the crop. The drought has caused many producers to call it quits on this year’s wheat crop. Land preparation continued for spring plantings. Rangeland was mostly in poor condition. Cattle were in good condition with supplemental feeding.

Rolling Plains — Conditions remained horrific, with high winds, fires and no rain. Parker County received 0.5 inch to 2 inches of rain a week ago.

However, high winds quickly dried out a lot of the moisture.

Fires were raging in several counties. Dickens County pro-

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ducers shipped hay to those ranchers and producers affected by the fires in other counties.

Ranchers were providing supplemental feed on a daily basis to try to keep cattle in decent condition until rain comes. With excellent cattle prices and a shortage of grass, some producers were culling herds.

Producers who have given up on winter wheat producing grain were allowing cattle to graze the crop. Several producers cut wheat for hay that they normally

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Sellers are correct in discounting bull calves

By JOHN BLANTON Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation

Land & Livestock Post Published by Bryan-College Station Communications, Inc. (979) 776-4444 or (800) 299-7355

President - Jim Wilson...................................................Ext. 4613 Publisher and Editor- Kelly Brown................................Ext. 4656 Advertising Director - Ron Lee ....................................Ext. 4740 Advertising Sales/General Manager - Jesse Wright ........Ext. 4721 Financial Director - Rod Armstrong..................................Ext. 4605 New Media Director - Mike Albin ....................................Ext. 4663 Production Director - Mark Manning................................Ext. 4671 Circulation Director - Jack Perkins ..................................Ext. 4752 Published by Bryan-College Station Communications, Inc., P.O. Box 3000, Bryan, Texas 77805.

E-mail: thepost@theeagle.com All offices are located at 1729 Briarcrest Drive, Bryan, Texas 77802.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to The Eagle, P.O. Box 3000, Bryan, Texas 77805-3000 The Post is printed in part on recycled paper and is fully recyclable.

aged 4 cents per pound more than steers, but could be as much as 17 cents per pound more depending on the weight of the bull calf.

The research team also examined morbidity (illness) rates and found that 28 percent of all steers and bulls needed treatment during the receiving period. The primary illness identified in these animals was bovine respiratory disease, as would be expected.

But, more importantly, it was determined that postarrival castrated bulls were 26 percent more likely to display symptoms associated with bovine respiratory disease and require treatment compared to steers.

Due to the large sample size of this study, researchers were able to determine that treating a steer or bull for bovine respiratory disease, a common illness in this production class, resulted in a 0.4 pound per day decrease in

10522 FM 2095 • Gause, Texas 77857 Bill Pendergrass • 979.203.6800 bill@fluhartyfarms.net

average daily gains compared to non-treated animals. This data seems to support the buyer’s notion that a pen of bull calves will cost more to produce due to a decrease in performance associated with illness.

Finally, these researchers followed a subset of animals through the feedlot period in order to evaluate carcass performance.

Overall carcass value was not significantly affected by castration status; however, treatment for bovine respiratory disease decreased hot carcass weight and marbling, therefore reducing the overall

value of the carcass.

This research confirms what many backgrounding and receiving yards have claimed for some time.

That is, a bull calf requiring castration upon arrival requires more input costs to reach a similar marketing endpoint as that of a steer.

This increase in input costs is primarily due to slower growth rates in response to stress associated with castration and increased disease susceptibility.

At the beginning of this article, however, we asked the question: If a discount is warranted, what should it be?

The results from Blasi’s work reveal that the producer selling bull calves should expect to receive an average discount of 4 cents per pound for calves that weigh more than 550 pounds and up to 7 cents per pound for bull calves that weigh less.

May 1, 2011

The Eagle

It was determined that post-arrival castrated bulls were 26 percent more likely to display symptoms associated with bovine respiratory disease and require treatment compared to steers.

✪

When selling feeder calves, it is understood that bull calves often will receive a discount over steer calves.

Buyers justify this discount by claiming that post-arrival castration of bull calves will result in decreased average daily gains due to increased stress, disease susceptibility and days on feed. There is a debate, however, as to what an appropriate discount is or whether there should even be a discount.

To help answer this question, Dale Blasi and his colleagues at Kansas State University recently published a report titled Castration and Morbidity and Their Effects on Performance, Carcass Quality and Price Differential for Bulls and Steers in The Professional Animal Scientist journal (PAS 27:19-28). The researchers designed this experiment to examine postarrival castration effects on 3,380 male calves at multiple receiving yards.

This study was conducted over a three-year period (2006 to 2008) with bull calves castrated via Newberg knife and White’s Double Crush emasculator following a 12- to 24hour adjustment period. Once castration had occurred, animals were vaccinated, dewormed and commingled with other calves.

Approximately 60 percent of the calves received over the three-year period were bull calves.

While the researchers were interested in examining the performance of these calves, they also were interested in investigating the health effects of post-arrival castration.

Therefore, they designed this experiment to evaluate average daily gain, feed to gain and cost of gain, as well as morbidity (illness), especially as related to the incidence of bovine respiratory disease and the associated suppressed performance of treated animals.

Not surprisingly, the researchers demonstrated that steers had significantly superior performance compared to the post-arrival castrated bulls. In fact, they determined that steers averaged 3.4 pounds per day of gain as compared to 2.9 pounds per day of gain for bulls castrated after arrival.

Many producers report that their bull calves are discounted because the buyer indicates that the animals will have a higher cost of gain. In fact, this study demonstrated post-arrival castrated bulls had a cost of gain that aver-

The Land & Livestock Post

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9

The Land & Livestock Post ✪ May 1, 2011

News Urban rancher course set for May 12, 16, 26

By KAY LEDBETTER Texas AgriLife Communications

CANYON — The Texas AgriLife Extension Service of Randall County will offer a three-part Urban Rancher/ Small-Acreage Short Course series this spring.

These educational programs are specifically designed for all small-acreage landowners — 5-10 acres in size — to learn how to better manage and maximize production of their property, said J.D. Ragland, AgriLife Exten-sion agent for Randall County.

Each session will begin at 6:30 p.m. They will be held on May 12, 16 and 26 in the AgriLife Extension office for Randall County, 200 N. Brown Road in Canyon.

At the May 12 session, Lance Baker, West Texas A&M University professor of equine science, will introduce management needs for horses, including proper feed, nutrition and health care tips.

And Sherri Robinson with LK Farms will present various aspects of the miniature Hereford business and their suitable adoption for smallacreage landowners.

During the May 19 program,

Ted McCollum, AgriLife Extension beef cattle specialist, will present “Establishing Grasses and Management Requirements for SmallAcreage Landowners.”

He will introduce various types of grasses and provide management recommendations. Additionally, Brent Bean, AgriLife Extension agronomist, will present “Weed Control/Products and Application Methods for Small-Acreage Landowners.”

The final meeting of the three-part series will be May 26, when Steve Cagle with Landscape Supply will provide landscape horticultural management recommendations regarding lawn and tree care for small-acreage landowners. Nich Kenny, AgriLife Extension irrigation specialist, will introduce low-water irrigation system options.

The cost will be a one-time fee of $30 per participant which can be paid at the first program meeting. Attendance is limited to 50. Those interested in participating must RSVP by May 2.

For more information and to RSVP, call the AgriLife Extension office in Randall County at 806-468-5543.

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At the sale the next day Ron told his story many times. And with each telling he became a better driver, a good Samaritan, a tour guide, a historian and eventually he

absolved himself of any responsibility for the damages done.

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to 20 mph before he drove the nose of his truck all the way in to the built-in shower and bath combination! Ten tons of beef loaded in the back of a charging diesel behemoth packs quite a punch!

It was 4:30 p.m. before the wreck was untangled and they could proceed. The radiator survived but the compressor and headlights were broken; no lights, no brakes.

As the dusk began to descend, they were drawn between driving faster to save daylight, or driving slower so they could stop.

Ron crested another hillock and — “Lord, have mercy!”

— saw two cowboys pushing a small bunch of cows down the road. Ron laid on the horn!

The runaway truck sailed through a flurry of cows that scattered to both sides! Over

May 1, 2011

It took till noon to re-gather the renegade cattle, pen them and load them in the truck. Our cowboys climbed aboard and things went smoothly till they topped the rise that sloped down to Rudy Creek Bridge.

An hour earlier, a Reservation BAXTE AX R BLACK farmer who was pulling a 40-foot singlewide mobile home headed south on South Dakota 63, had high-centered on the Rudy Creek Bridge.

The hapless mover was laying planks in front of the axles to drag it over.

Ron topped the rise, saw the blocked bridge and stomped on the brakes! He managed to reduce his speed

✪

on said it was just one of those days. In fact, it was the day before the regular auction in Ft. Pierre, S. Dak. He had sorted off a truckload of cows he needed to get rid of. They were in a rain-soaked pasture down by the road that had no corral.

No sweat, he and his son hauled a set of portable panels and ramp to a wire fence by the road and assembled a loading pen. It took considerable cowboy skills to ease the bunch into the strange set up. The neighbor across the road had a pasture full of range hogs and farrowing facilities. Two sows heard the ruckus on the highway and came to check it out.

These 400 pound curious beasts arrived, spooking the cows who turned and stampeded back to the other side of the pasture!

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The Land & Livestock Post ✪ May 1, 2011 12

News

$aving money, of course

Grazing School for Novices shows how to make more

By ROBERT BURNS Texas AgriLife Communications

O

VERTON — A healthy $4,111: that’s the average of what students of the Grazing School for Novices estimated they’ll save annually from what they learned at the course.

Students were surveyed prior to and afte af r completing the course, held in late March at the Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Overton.

Seventy-one students from throughout Texas attended the course, coming from as near as Rusk County, where the center is located, to as far west as the Rolling Plains and south to Houston.

The farms and ranches the participants owned — and were learning to manage — were as small as 30 acres and as large as 6,000 acres. Total acreage was 27,000, with the average about 380 acres, according to Jennifer if ifer Lloyd, office assistant responsible for record keeping for the school.

Officially named the “Pasture and Livestock Management Workshop,” the course has operated under different names since the first classes were held in the spring of 2001, said Monte Rouquette, Texas AgriLife Research forage scientist.

But the basic thrust of the instruction has remained the same: to bring those new to ranching and rural land ownership up to speed on growing forages and managing a cattle operation.

Unlike the clientele of traditional Texas AgriLife Extension Service and AgriLife Research educational events, those newly returned to the land don’t have a lifetime of learning to build on, Rouquette said.

Instruction literally — and figuratively — has to begin at a “grassroots” level.

Since the late 1990s, many baby boomers either began returning to family property or buying land as a retreat from city life, Rouquette said.

Once back in the country, they find maintaining acreage and generating income from it is a daunting learning experience.

Many come to take the course not expecting to make money, but to stop losing quite so much.

“We enjo en y the small family atmos-

Service vice photo by Robert Burns Texas AgriLife Extension Ser

Participants in the Pasture and Livestock Management Haby, soil scientist and professor Workshop listen to Vincent Haby emeritus with Texas AgriLife Research, explain how to take a phere of the staff and school,” said Andy Seamans of Victoria, who took the course with his wife Cynthia.

“The greatest benefit to us this year was (Jason) Banta’s presentation to determine supplemental needs based on forage analysis.”

The 2011 course was the second time Debbie Hicks of Kaufman attended. Four years ago, she brought her son. This year, she brought her daughter-in-law, Sarah Hatley.

“I inherited some property from my aunt five years ago, about 160 acres,” Hicks said. “It’s a family operation — my son, my daughter, myself. lf And my son handles the lf. cows, and my daughter handles the forage, the hay production. Now it’s her turn to come and see what education can do for an operation.”

The $350 registration fee for the course will “definitely” pay for itself, Hicks and Hatley agreed.

One example, Hatley said, is that they now feel more confid nf ent in nfid growing forage for grazing and hay.

They plan to graze pastures later into

operly. The course attracted 71 students and was operly soil sample properly. held at at the Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center in Overton.

the fall rather than take a third cutting.

“We can save one month of having to hay the cows when they can be eating grass; that will save us a lot,” Hatley said.

“We’ve had a great time; we learned a lot, and we will definitely be calling the people here and continuing to ask questions,” Hatley said.

Tom Brown, an attorney in Kilgore, said he took the course because he lost a great friend and resource when his father died a few years ago. He said he recognizes he could make more money selling off of the acreage and livestock, but it just didn’t seem right to walk away from a ffarm that has been in the family for generations.

Also attending was Scott Andrews with Citizens National Bank, a farm lender with has branches in Tyler, Longview and Henderson. Andrews said the bank likely is to be more open to making loans to those who took time to learn something about the ranching business from profes-

sionals.

“These folks are learning how to run their operations more efficiently,” Andrews said. “We see people who are moving into retirement, have maybe had a past background in this, and want to get up to speed and learn about the latest technology.

Quite honestly, it’s easier to do business with folks who we feel confident have really made an investment in learning what they’re doing.”

One student summed up the benefits of the school in a few words: “A 10-minute speech can save you $2,000.

It doesn’t take very long to spend $2,000 in the cattle business.”

Plans are to hold the grazing school again in the spring of 2012, but registrations won’t be accepted until December, Rouquette said.

“If they call or email, we’ll put them on a first-alert list,” Lloyd said.

“They’ll get first chance at registration before the news releases go out.”

Lloyd may be contacted at 903-8346191 or via email at jllloyd@ ag.tamu.edu.

Farm vehicles subject to a myriad of regulations

By JEFF MOEN and JIM JOHNSON Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation

pickup or with a truck-trailer combination, however, should contact the Texas Department of Transportation, Department of Public Safety or Department of Motor Vehicles office for specific guidance in complying with

motor vehicles. As a general rule, commercial motor vehicles are defined by their weight rating and the locations in which they operate.

A vehicle is a commercial motor vehicle if it travels intrastate (within the boundaries of a single state) and has

a gross combined weight rating (truck and trailer) of 26,001 pounds or more.

Alternatively, a vehicle is classified as a commercial motor vehicle if it travels interstate (across state lines) and has a gross combined weight or a gross vehicle weight rating (just the truck) of 10,001 pounds or more, whichever is greater.

It is easy to envision how the weight rating threshold could quickly be surpassed during regular farm or ranch activities. Driving a 3/4-ton pickup (gross vehicle weight typically between 8,600-9,600 lbs.) pulling a medium-duty trailer (typically between 14,000-17,400 lbs.) from one location to another could potentially subject the driver to commercial motor vehicle requirements.

Likewise, simply driving a 1-ton pickup (typically between 11,000-13,000 lbs.)

across the state line to buy feed could subject the driver to the same requirements.

Requirements for drivers of commercial motor vehicles include, among other things: • Commercial drivers license.

• Controlled substance and alcohol testing • Legal trade name and transportation department number markings on the vehicle.

• Hours of service logs.

• Medical cards.

• Various inspection, safety saf and maintenance requirements.

• Pre-employment review of driver qualifications.

Fortunately for agricultural producers, vehicles that qualify for a farm tag at your local license office enjoy a limited exemption from many

May 1, 2011

federal and state regulations.

Extensive operational and administrative requirements are placed on vehicles that are classified as commercial

✪

Every day, farmers and ranchers across the Southern Great Plains load up their trucks and trailers with agricultural products, machinery or supplies, and haul those materials to and from their farms and ranches.

Every time they do, they could be subject to the tangled web of transportation regulations implemented and enforced by an alphabet soup of state and federal agencies.

Navigating these state and federal regulations can make hauling a trailer load of hay from one pasture to the next much more difficult than it seems.

Following is general information regarding the regulation of “commercial motor vehicles” and how it might

apply to farmers or ranchers.

Anyone who regularly transports agricultural products, machinery or supplies with a vehicle larger than a 3/4-ton

The Land & Livestock Post

News

• See Rules/Page Rules 21

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The Land & Livestock Post

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Controlling parasites requires information I The health and growth of nursing calves can also be impaired by the intestinal worm (Cooperia punctata).

Haemonchus placei, another worm that lives in the stomach (abomasum), can be fatal to stocker calves.

The most important external parasites are horn flies (Haematobia irritans) and lice (several species).

Today we’ll discuss control of the worms. Successful control of these internal parasites results in better body condition in cows and increased growth rates of calves.

The three keys to success of worm control are knowing which ones are present in the cattle, strategic timing of treatment and selection of

✪ May 1, 2011

n last month’s column I answered a rancher’s request for recommendations on a health program for a recently purchased Brangus bull. An introduction to parasite control was made, but there was not enough room for details. I promised to STEVE discuss a sucWIKSE , DVM cessful parasite control program for beef herds this month.

Stomach worms (Ostertagia ostertagi) and the two liver flukes that can infect cows (Fasciola hepatica, the cow liver fluke, and Fasciola magna, the deer liver fluke) are the most important internal parasites.

The Land & Livestock Post

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• See WIKSE/Page 17

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The Land & Livestock Post ✪ May 1, 2011

News LIVESTOCK MARKET REPORTS Bryan Results of Brazos Valley Livestock Commission’s April 12 sale: Head: 1,512 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $135$195; 300-400 lbs., $130$188; 400-500 lbs., $120$159; 500-600 lbs., $115$149; 600-700 lbs., $109$137.50; 700-800 lbs., $115$124.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $120$162.50; 300-400 lbs., $120$141; 400-500 lbs., $110$141; 500-600 lbs., $110$137; 600-700 lbs., $105$123; 700-800 lbs., $112$118.

Slaughter cows: $48-$81.50.

Slaughter bulls: $75-$100.

Bred cows: $600-$1,090.

Cow/calf pairs: $730-$1,375.

Buffalo

Results of Buffalo Livestock Commission’s April 9 sale: Head: 1,322

Steers: 150-200 lbs., $150$240; 200-300 lbs., $145-$210; 300-400 lbs., $163-$184; 400500 lbs., $149-$175; 500-600 lbs., $135-$158; 600-700 lbs., $123-$142; 700-800 lbs., $115$138.

Heifers: 150-200 lbs., $145$225; 200-300 lbs., $135-$185; 300-400 lbs., $135-$160; 400500 lbs., $135-$155; 500-600 lbs., $125-$141; 600-700 lbs., $117-$124; 700-800 lbs., $108$116.

Slaughter cows: $58-$83.

Slaughter bulls: $82-$95.

Bred cows: $620-$1,060.

Cow/calf pairs: $750-$1,430.

Caldwell

Results of Caldwell Livestock Commission’s April 13 sale: Head: 554 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $120$180; 300-400 lbs., $120-$185; 400-500 lbs., $115-$155; 500600 lbs., $110-$140; 600-700 lbs., $105-$130.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $120-

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$180; 300-400 lbs., $115-$155; 400-500 lbs., $110-$140; 500600 lbs., $105-$140; 600-700 lbs., $100-$125.

Slaughter cows: $40-$85.

Slaughter bulls: $70-$92.

Stocker cows: $600-$900.

$132.50-$142.50; 400-500 lbs., $124-$145; 500-600 lbs., $120$137; 600-700 lbs., $116-$128.

Slaughter cows: $63.50-$85.

Slaughter bulls: $82-$94.

Stocker cows: $860-$970.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,000-

tion’s April 14 sale: Head: 4,459 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $165$187.50; 300-400 lbs., $155$177.50; 400-500 lbs., $145$158; 500-600 lbs., $135-$152; 600-700 lbs., $130-$140; 700800 lbs., $120-$128.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $138$170; 300-400 lbs., $135-$142; 400-500 lbs., $128-$139; 500600 lbs., $125-$135; 600-700 lbs., $118-$129; 700-800 lbs., $110-$118.

Slaughter cows: $55-$86.

Slaughter bulls: $68-$92.50.

Stocker cows: $610-$1,125.

Cow/calf pairs: $780-$1,300.

Groesbeck

Results of Groesbeck Auction & Livestock Co.’s April 14 sale: Head: 852 Steers: 300-400 lbs., $164$176; 400-500 lbs., $152-$160; 500-600 lbs., $150-$156; 600700 lbs., $136-$143.

Heifers: 300-400 lbs., $145$162; 400-500 lbs., $136-$148; 500-600 lbs., $130-$144; 600700 lbs., $125-$133.

Slaughter cows: $65-$82.

Slaughter bulls: $85-$94.

Bred cows: $900-$1,100.

$1,300.

Navasota

Results of Navasota Livestock Auction Co.’s April 9 sale: Head: 3,236 Steers: 150-300 lbs., $125$220; 300-400 lbs., $120-$195; 400-500 lbs., $115-$160; 500600 lbs., $110-$155; 600-700 lbs., $105-$141.

Heifers: 150-300 lbs., $120$215; 300-400 lbs., $115-$155; 400-500 lbs., $115-$150; 500600 lbs., $110-$140; 600-700 lbs., $105-$131.

Slaughter cows: $52-$81.

Slaughter bulls: $75-$93.50.

Stocker cows: $750-$1,500.

Cow/calf pairs: $900-$2,100.

Cow/calf pairs: $680-$1,260.

Milano

Results of Milano Livestock Exchange’s April 14 sale: Head: 735 Steers: 300-400 lbs., $136$147.50; 400-500 lbs., $135$150; 500-600 lbs., $129-$155; 600-700 lbs.,$119-$135; 700800 lbs., $120-$123.

Heifers: 300-400 lbs.,

Cow/calf pairs: $900-$1,300.

Jordan

Results of Jordan Cattle Auc-

— Special to The Post

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817-831-31 3161 • Cell: 817-821-3544 • texashereford@sbcglo global.net 4609 Airport Freeway • Fort Worth,, Tex 46 T as 76117 7 www.texashereford.org

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proper chemical anthelmintic (dewormer).

Diagnosis of what parasites are present on a ranch is accomplished by fecal parasite egg counts and by necropsy. It’s generally recommended that 20 animals of each age group are sampled for fecal egg counts.

Veterinarians can glean a lot of information on herd parasite status at every necropsy no matter the cause of death.

The seasonality of transmission of gastrointestinal parasites makes timing of deworming treatments critical for successful control programs. Ostertagia is transmitted only during months when temperature and moisture conditions of pastures are favorable for survival and maturation of its larvae.

Favorable conditions in Texas usually occur in spring (mid- February to mid-May) and fall (mid-September to November).

Ostertagia even can be transmitted in winter here when temperatures exceed 50 degrees.

Greater numbers of Ostertagia are acquired in the spring than fall.

Transmission of Ostertagia is minimal during the “summer brownout” (June, July and August), but Cooperia and Haemonchus are transmitted to calves during that period.

During the heat of summer, larvae of Ostertagia ingested by cattle do not develop into adults in the lumen of the abomasums. Instead they go into an arrested state in the abomasal wall and pop out into the lumen in the fall, when pasture conditions are more favorable for completion of their life cycle.

In the Brazos valley, the single most important time to treat cows and calves for stomach worms is just before the summer brownout. If treatment is too far in advance of summer brownout, cattle will become re-infec nf ted; if treatment is nfec given after summer brownout has started, calves will have fewer days of increased weight gain from parasite control.

In the past, we have recommended June treatment. If a newer anthelmintic that continues to kill ingested worm larvae for several weeks afte af r treatment (persistent killing) is used, treatment can be backed up to the cooler portion of May. Now is the proper time to treat for stomach worms!

Tom Craig, veterinary parasitologist at Texas A&M’s College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, recommends that beef cattle in Central and South Texas be treated both in the spring and fall for stomach worms.

Fall treatment in October or November gives best

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The Land & Livestock Post ✪ May 1, 2011

News

The best seeded H-E-B’s Orsak honored forage bermudagrass product available.

By BLAIR FANNIN Texas AgriLife Communications

Roxanne Orsak, executive vice president of H-E-B, has been inducted into the Tyrus R. Timm Honor Registry in the department of agricultural economics at Texas A&M University.

Orsak serves as vice president of the company’s drug, general merchandise and formal development. H-E-B is the largest privately owned company in Texas, with $16 billion in annual sales in 2010.

The registry recognizes outstanding former students for meritorious accomplishments in their field. It is the highest department-level honor and is named after Tyrus R. Timm, who led the agricultural eco-

nomics department from 1953 until 1973 during its rise to national prominence in teaching, research and Extension.

Timm was known for his knowledge of finance and agricultural banking.

Orsak graduated cum laude with a bachelor’s degree in agricultural economics from Texas A&M. With H-E-B, she has spent nine years in operations as a store manager, district manager and director of selling and advertising.

Orsak is also a graduate of the Food Industry Management program at the University of Southern California and was named Student of the Year. She is a graduate of Harvard Business School’s Ad-vanced Management Program.

Pond management workshop set

By CAYLA CHRISTIANSON Te s AgriLife Texa Li Extension Life

Extension Committees from Falls, Limestone, Robertson, and Leon Counties will host a Farm Pond Management and Weed and Brush Control Program on May 3 at the Kosse Community Center.

Michael Masser, Texas A&M professor and extension fisheries specialist, will discuss fish stocking, pond fertilization, aquatic weed control

and identification, and general farm pond management.

Barron Rector, associate professor and extension range specialist, will discuss weed identification and control, brush identification and control, and general range management.

There will be two general CEUs available.

The registration fee is $10.

Registration will begin at 5:30 p.m. and the program will begin at 6 p.m.

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• Dr Dr. Steve Wikse is a retired tir tired pr professor of large-animal lar clinical sciences in the College of Veterinary terinar Medicine and terinary Biomedical Sciences at Texas Te A&M University.

University

Crops From 8 would have harvested as grain.

Stock tanks reached critically low levels.

Southwest — The region remained completely dry, with close to 50 days since the last rain of about 0.2 of an inch.

Year-to-date cumulative rainfall (as measured in Uvalde) was only 0.55 of an inch, compared to a long-term average of about 3.7 inches for the same period.

San Antonio, which is under a similar dryspell, entered into Stage 1 water rationing. Hot weather with mid-afternoon temperatures in the low 90s and high, dry winds increased the risk of roadside and field fires.

Spring wheat, under irrigation, made good progress, but dryland wheat turned brown and died. Irrigated corn, sorghum, sunflower and cotton fields also made good progress. Growers were harvesting cabbage, lettuce and spinach. Pastures and rangeland remained brown and dormant. Forage availability was below average.

May 1, 2011

Graham

monitoring of the situation and prudent use of anthelmintics. Underdosing of anthelmintic can lead to parasite resistance. It’s important to know the weights of cattle being dewormed and to carefully measure out the amount of anthelmintic.

Successful parasite control programs center on knowing what parasites are present in the herd, treating cattle at strategic times and selection of proper anthelmintics.

There are many details to a herd parasite control program.

Ranchers should consult their veterinarian to design a parasite control program tailored to their unique herd conditions.

✪

results. September is too early because cattle can become re-infected in September and October.

It’s very important that the anthelmintic used for spring treatment kills adult worms and nearly 100 percent of larvae arrested in the abomasum so cattle enter the summer brownout period free of both adults and arrested larvae.

This will help maintain the appetites of cattle during poorer grazing of summer and minimize the amount of transmission of Ostertagia in the fall.

There are two classes of commonly used anthelmintics: benzimidazoles which are white liquids or pastes administered orally, and the newer macro-

differences in their activities.

The macrocyclic lactones kill nearly 100 percent of arrested larvae and have variable numbers of days of residual killing power following treatment while the benzimidazoles kill from 20-95 percent of arrested larvae and have no residual killing power.

Based on these considerations, I recommend using one of the macrocyclic lactones for spring deworming. Either a benzimidazole or a macrocyclic lactone is effective for fall deworming.

In recent years, there have been concerns that strains of Ostertagia, Haemonchus or Cooperia may have developed resistance to presently available anthelmintics. There was an article on this topic in the April issue of The Cattleman.

Craig closely monitors resistance of parasites found in Texas cattle and he has found resistance to Haemonchus in stocker

The Land & Livestock Post

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The Land & Livestock Post ✪ May 1, 2011

News AgriLife joins efforts to restore habitat, water quality on middle Trinity River

By STEVE BYRNS Texas AgriLife Communications

COLLEGE STATION – Private landowners are the key to restoring and managing wildlife habitat and water quality on the middle Trinity River Basin, said a Texas AgriLife Extension Service wildlife specialist at College Station.

Jim Cathey said AgriLife has recently Extension formed an alliance with the Trinity Basin Conservation Foundation to engage and educate middle Trinity landowners about improving the river and its ecosystems. The foundation is a landowner-led organization committed to sustainable natural resources management of the basin.

“We’re developing a network of private property owners and encouraging them to

practice and foster a culture cooperative natural of resources stewardship to benefit the basin,” Cathey said.

“Other conservation efforts have focused on Dallas/Fort Worth and Houston,” he said.

“But this project will focus on the middle Trinity and the benefits of land stewardship in rural areas.”

Cathey said the middle Trinity watershed consists of all or parts of Rockwall, Johnson, Ellis, Kaufman, Van Zandt, Hill, Navarro, Henderson, Limestone, Freestone, Anderson, Leon, Houston, Madison and Walker counties.

“I’m impressed with this group’s conservation efforts,” he said. “Local leaders within the conservation foundation were instrumental in developing this new effort to improve the middle Trinity.”

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Jody Carton, the conservation foundation’s executive director, said the Trinity River and its watershed are important because it’s the most populated river basin in Texas and the main water source for almost 45 percent of the state’s population.

“More people in Texas depend upon water, wildlife and recreational resources from the Trinity River Basin than from any other river basin in the state,” Carton said.

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From 13 of the requirements listed above. Specifically, drivers of vehicles with a farm tag are exempt from the commercial drivers license requirement, the controlled substance and drug testing, andthe driver qualification requirements.

Drivers of farm-tagged vehicles also are exempt from the hours-of-service log requirement so long as they stay within a 100-mile radius of the commodity source or farm supply distribution point.

Unfortunately, farm vehicles are not exempt from the legal trade name and Department of Transportation number marking requirements, nor a majority of the inspection, safety and maintenance requirements for commercial motor vehicles. These requirements must be satisfied for any vehicle that exceeds the commercial motor vehicle weight ratings.

the vehicle exceeds the weight ratings for a commercial motor vehicle, and the vehicle is being operated outside a 150-mile radius, the driver will be subject to all requirements for a commercial motor vehicle, whether or not the vehicle has a farm tag.

For more details regarding commercial motor vehicle regulations and how they apply to farmers and ranchers, Texas residents can go to www.txdps.state.tx.us/Intern etForms/Forms/CVE-13.pdf or contact the local Department of Public Safety office.

May 1, 2011

19.95

Rules

Additionally, the medical sub t to card requirement is subjec a limited exemption that largely applies to vehicles without trailers.

Producers should consult their local Department of Public Safety office for specifspecif ic details regarding medical cards.

Finally, and most importantly, all of the exemptions above are subject to one key limitation. The exemptions only apply so long as the vehicles are operated within a 150mile radius of the agricultural producer’s farm or ranch. If

✪

ment practices that benefit wildlife and water.

Landowners will be able to learn through interactive social media that will include Facebook, Twitter and a website, he said.

“These efforts will build stakeholder involvement to restore and keep healthy soil and water ecosystems that are critical to the long-term suc-

cess of this project,” Cathey said.

Cathey said the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service offer technical assistance and provide some cost share programs for landowners wishing to improve their property.

The Institute of Renewable Natural Resources, the Texas Water Resources Institute and the Texas Wildlife Association are also part of the project, “Building Partnerships for Cooperative Conservation in the Trinity River Basin,” funded through a Clean Water Act nonpoint source grant from the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The institutes are part of Texas AgriLife Research and AgriLife Extension.

For more information, contact Cathey at 979-845-0916 or jccathey@tamu.edu or visit the foundation’s website at www.trinitybasin.org.

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May 1, 2011 âœŞ

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May 1, 2011

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The Land & Livestock Post âœŞ May 1, 2011

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