Aroma Wisdom The Canadian Aromatherapy Journal
Winter 2019 The Holiday Edition
education, innovation, growth, support
High-elevation Distillation Part 2 of Marco Valussi’s article on issues and solutions
Skintellectualism is Here -
Colleen Quinn covers formulation considerations in Part 2
Book Review - CO2 Extracts in Aromatherapy, 50+ Extracts for Clinical Applications
Dec-Feb 2020
HAPPY HOLIDAYS! British Columbia Alliance Of Aromatherapy ISSN 2562-2218 $10.00 CND
Aroma Wisdom
The Canadian Aromatherapy Journal
Celebrating our second year in print
BCAOA 3928 Michigan Rd, Port Alberni, BC, V9Y 5Z6
Supporting aromatherapists everywhere The Winter Edition ~ December 2019 Cover Photo by verca from Shutterstock
Created and printed in the Greater Vancouver Area of BC Sustainably printed on Sugar Sheet paper ISSN 2562-220X (Print)
ISSN 2562-2218 (Online)
Lilliane Graie Editor & Design, Advertising editor@bcaoa.org
Social Media Melissa Housser media@bcaoa.org
Secretary Kathleen Jaggassar secretary@bcaoa.org
Continuing Education Events Betsy De Lucca cecoord@bcaoa.org
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Registrar Leah Ursic registrar@bcaoa.org
President Colleen Thompson president@bcaoa.org
Website Andrea Noye website@bcaoa.org
Vice President: Drena Drenic
Directors at Large: Michelle Beukers, Leah Burns, Wendie MacQuarrie
vicepresident@bcaoa.org
Past President: Pat Antoniak
Aroma Wisdom is an educational resource published by the British Columbia Alliance Of Aromatherapy (BCAOA). It focuses on issues important to the alternative health care community with an emphasis on aromatherapy. Published in the Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter, Aroma Wisdom is available digitally to our membership for free and to the global public for purchase as a single issue or subscription. To purchase, please see our web store at https://bcaoa.org/store/ or a local bookstore. For our full submission guidelines, go to https://bcaoa.org/membership/submissions/. For other forms of material submission, or if you have questions, please contact the Editor editor@bcaoa.org before submitting. Inclusion of an advertisement does not indicate endorsement of the company, person(s), service(s) or product(s) by the BCAOA, its Directors, members, or Editor. The BCAOA, its Directors, members, and Editor are not responsible for the claims of advertisers appearing in these pages. Advertising guidelines are at https://bcaoa.org/membership/submissions/, or e-mail the Editor for an Advertisers Agreement. Formats, size specifications, and deadlines for ad submissions are found within the Agreement.
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Contents 5 Our Contributors 7 President’s Message with New CEC Guidelines for 2020 11 Spring 2020 CE Event Information 12 Announcements 14 Featured Writer: Essential Oil Distillation in Nepal Part 2 of 2 - Marco Valussi discusses high-altitude distillation and its issues
23 Guest Writer: Skintellectualism Part 2 of 2 - LabAroma Founder Colleen Quinn covers Formulations
28 Get to Know: Pat Antoniak Melissa Housser gives us a mini-interview of our Past President
31 Book Review: “CO2 Extracts in Aromatherapy” Colleen Thompson reviews Madeleine Kerkhof’s book on clinical applications
35 BCAOA Educational Offerings 37 The Classifieds DISCLAIMER: THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED HEREIN DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THOSE OF THE BCAOA, ITS DIRECTORS, THE EDITOR, OR ITS MEMBERS. INFORMATION PROVIDED IS NOT INTENDED TO REPLACE PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL ADVICE. THE BCAOA, ITS DIRECTORS, MEMBERS, AND EDITOR CANNOT BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MISUSE OF ESSENTIAL OILS OR ANY OTHER THERAPEUTIC METHODS PRESENTED HEREIN. THE BCAOA RESERVES THE RIGHT TO ACCEPT OR REJECT ANY ARTICLE OR ADVERTISEMENT SUBMITTED FOR PUBLICATION AND DOES NOT NECESSARILY ENDORSE ANY PERSON, PRODUCT, COMPANY, COURSE, OR SCHOOL MENTIONED HEREIN.
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Contributors Thank you to all our wonderful contributors for sharing their knowledge, wisdom, experience and creativity with our community through this journal.
Melissa Housser RA®, EOT® – Melissa first discovered the powerful, healing properties of essential oils while having her aura read at a festival. She was given a blend that resonated so strongly with her that she felt compelled to learn more. Since that time, Melissa has earned a Certificate in Holistic Aromatherapy, created a line of holistic aromatherapy products, and started teaching workshops about simple and natural self-care. More than ever Melissa believes that connecting the mind and body is essential in building a balanced lifestyle. Outside of Aromatherapy, she enjoys hiking, foraging, singing, guitar, yoga, and hopes to receive her horticulture certificate in the near future. Colleen Quinn – Colleen is a clinical aromatherapist, formulator & researcher. Committed to delivering functional therapeutic plant-based products, she has traveled the globe on a quest for knowledge innovation and the best quality in order to create therapeutic benefits in skin and health care. Colleen’s innovative concept to merge aromatherapy and technology led her to create LabAroma. LabAroma has turned the very complex and mathematical process of formulating cosmetic and essential oil blends into a rapidly efficient and reliable way to tackle natures chemistry. https://www.labaroma.com/en/ Colleen Thompson RA®, EOT®, CAHP – Colleen has worked in the field of Aromatherapy since 1995. She completed her Provincial Instructor’s Diploma Program in 1997 and now teaches a 600-hour aromatherapy certification program through her school Essence of Thyme College of Holistic Studies. She was an Aromatherapy Instructor at West Coast College of Massage Therapy from 2006-2012 and Spa Program Coordinator at West Coast College of Massage Therapy for 3 years. Colleen has written aromatherapy articles for a number of publications and conducted talks, workshops and seminars for a variety of organizations. She was named one of the five top aromatherapists in BC in 2015 and 2016. Colleen is currently the President of the BCAOA Board of Directors, is a Director of the AIA Board of Directors, and sits on the Education Committee of the AIA. Her Titles include: Certified Reflexologist, Reiki Practitioner, Lymphatic Drainage Massage Instructor, Master Formulator, Diploma in Adult Education. Colleen can be reached at info@essenceofthyme.com Marco Valussi - Marco has been working with medicinal and aromatic plants for 25 years; he teaches, writes and consults about them. He gained his BSc. (Hons.) in Herbal Medicine in London in 1998, and before that studied the use of essential oils in massage therapy. He is currently the production manager and scientific director of Gadoi in the mountain area near Verona. Gadoi offers a local, short production chain for high quality artisan essential oils and aromatic waters that ensures fair treatment of the growers, environmentally sustainable practices, and organic, artisan products. They also offer consultancy on formulations and distillation technology. Marco is also involved in a second project whose aim is improving Nepal's essential oils production chain to create long-term economic support. https://www.gadoi.it/en/
EOT (Essential Oil Therapist) and RA (Registered Aromatherapist) are Trademarked Occupational Titles of the British Columbia Alliance of Aromatherapy (BCAOA)
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The challenges of distilling at high elevations In Part 2 of this article, featured writer Marco Valussi continues his discussion on high-altitude distillers and the unique challenges they encounter. You can read Part 1 in our Fall edition. Let’s recap the most general features that differentiate the various set-ups for distillation with a bit of theory. Firstly, we must stress the fact that distillation is only one of the many methods to obtain aromatic fractions from vegetable material. The diagram below shows the general methods used
Diagram 1
Secondly, the term “steam distillation”, that in general means any distillation where water steam is the vector of the process, can be distinguished into three different processes: water distillation (hydrodistillation), water-and-steam distillation (direct, or wet, steam distillation) and steam distillation (indirect steam distillation). You can also have hydro diffusion (strictly not a “true" distillation), and turbo distillation (a variation on the theme of water distillation, whereby
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cannot increase without limits, both for the objective difficulty of the harvesters to meet such high demands, and for the intrinsic limitation of the collection basin that could not sustain high levels of collection.
germplasm are very long (7-20 years for Juniperus, 5-10 years for Rhododendron), too many to be able to "amortize" using other collection areas. This means that either several years of suspended harvesting are accepted in the collection of these species or they risk their destruction. The identification of other species of interest for distillation could help reduce the demand of the harvest.
References Baser, K.H., Buchbauer, G (2015) Handbook of Essential Oils: Science, Technology, and Applications. CRC Press Denny, E. F. K., (1991) Field Distillation for Herbaceous Oils (2nd Edition.), DennyMcKenzie, Assoc., Lilydale, Tasmania, p. 265 Guenther, E (1948) The Essential Oils - Vol. 1. Van Nostrand Company Harman, A. (2015) Harvest to Hydrosols: Distill your own Exquisite Hydrosols at Home. BotANNicals
Fig. 11
This would result in a reduction of working hours for the staff members, which in a poor area like this translates into social problems. Sustainable collection? In addition to the two junipers, this unit also distills Rhododenron. All these plants have intrinsic problems of sustainability: Rhododenron anthopogon is classified in this region as vulnerable by the IUCN, and in an even more delicate situation are the Juniperus indica and the Juniperus recurva. In itself, the collection is not destructive, being limited to leaves, twigs and flowers (the collection of the latter involves greater problems than the others), but the real issue lies in the volume of the harvesting and the regeneration times of the local populations. The same problem, transferred to the case of Gaultheria spp. collected at lower altitudes, was addressed through agreements with the surrounding Forest User Groups (FUGs). When the exploitation limit is reached in a collection area, the gatherers can go and collect the plant in other FUGs in order to leave a period of 2-3 years for the Gaultheria populations to recover. Unlike Gaultheria, however, the recovery times of Juniperus and Rhododedron 21
Hunter. M (2009) Essential oils: Art, Agriculture, Science, Industry and Entrepreneurship: a Focus on the Asia-pacific Region Kahol, A. P., (1984) “Distillation Technology”. In: Practical Manual on: The Essential Oils Industry, Wijesekera, R. O. B (Ed.), UNIDO, Vienna Lawrence, B. M., (1995) “The Isolation of Aromatic Materials from Natural Plant Products". In: A Manual on the Essential Oil Industry, Tuley De Silva (Ed.), United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Vienna, Austria Valussi, M. (2016) "In the quest for greater quality and purity... Sustainable and ethical essential oils production: two case studies from Italy and Nepal" IJCA 11(1):39-51
Marco Valussi has been working with medicinal and aromatic plants for 25 years; he teaches, writes and consults about them. He gained his BSc. (Hons.) in Herbal Medicine in London in 1998, and before that studied the use of essential oils in massage therapy. He is currently the production manager and scientific director of Gadoi in the mountain area near Verona. Gadoi offers a local, short production chain for high quality artisan essential oils and aromatic waters that ensures fair treatment of the growers, environmentally sustainable practices, and organic, artisan products. They also offer consultancy on formulations and distillation technology. Marco is also involved in a second project whose aim is improving Nepal's essential oils production chain to create long-term economic support.
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Book Review
CO2 Extracts in Aromatherapy, 50+ Extracts for Clinical Applications Author: Madeleine Kerkhof Review by Colleen Thompson Title: CO2 Extracts in Aromatherapy, 50+ Extracts for Clinical Applications Author: Madeleine Kerkhof Publisher: Kicozo – Knowledge Institute for Complementary Nursing Care – the Netherlands (2018) Pages: 169 About Madeleine Kerkhof For most, Madeleine needs no introduction however I think it is important to include her background, experience and education. Madeleine is founder, chair and principal teacher of Kicozo International, Knowledge Institute for Integrative & Complementary (Nursing) Care. Kicozo is the publisher for CO2 Extracts in Aromatherapy. Madeleine is a former RN who gained a passion for a more holistic approach. Fast forward 20+ years, Madeleine is now a globally known, highly respected educator in Clinical Aromatherapy and Aromatherapy in Palliative Care and End of Life Care. 31
In addition to “CO2 Extracts in Aromatherapy, 50+ Extracts for Clinical Applications” (2018), Madeleine is also the author “Complementary Nursing in End of Life Care” (2015).
1. • • •
Madeleine was first inspired to use CO2 Extracts when she began using and testing supplements from Paul and Barbi Schulick under the brand of New Chapter. She found that their supplements worked very well on her patients, especially those suffering from cancer and who had undergone therapies that affected their gut mucosa. After many years of using CO2 Extracts, Madeleine became an expert and, thankfully, she decided to generously share her knowledge by writing this book. Although the book is relatively short, it is packed with information. The book is divided into five chapters, which makes it easy to use it as a quick resource or to read in its entirety.
2. •
3. • • •
Select extract: Uses low pressure and temperature Mainly contains volatile CO2-soluble compounds Can have a different chemical composition to the corresponding essential oil Sub CO2 extract Extraction takes place under slightly lower temperature and pressure which causes the CO2 Extract to be in a fluid rather than a gaseous state Total Extract Uses higher pressure and low temperature Extracts contain all CO2-soluble components such as waxes, fats, resins and pigments Similar to the herb (or plant) being extracted
Chapter One also includes Base Oils (fatty acids) extracted by the CO2 method as well as the functional group families.
Chapter One: Basics in CO2 Extracts Chapter Two This chapter compares the more “conventional” methods of extraction and the resulting products (essential oils, absolutes etc.) with CO2 Extracts. Madeleine provides two charts which compare the properties of 1) CO2 Extract vs. hydro/steam distillation and 2) CO2 Extracts and hexane/toluene/methanol extraction. CO2 Extraction and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction (SC-CO2 extraction) involve the use of carbon dioxide as a ‘solvent’ which then selectively carries the required compound or compound families away from the raw plant material. Madeleine goes on to explain the advantages of CO2 Extraction and Supercritical CO2 Extraction.
This chapter describes the various application methods, including dermal, respiratory/inhalation, internal and oral use. For an educated aromatherapist, this would be mostly a review of what they already know however the method that would be new to most aromatherapists is Madeleine’s section on AquaCare. There is also a recipe, using CO2 Extracts, hydrosols, herbs and vegetable glycerin for sleep that looks interesting. Because of Madeleine’s extensive experience in an aromatherapy clinical setting, her information is very practical and specific for individual conditions. Chapter Three
For example, Supercritical CO2 Extraction is a highly flexible process which allows the end result to be influenced by adjusting the temperature and pressure. This can also allow for the elimination of potential polluting compounds such as organic solvents at a much lower expense compared to the process of eliminating solvents after extraction. Madeleine explains the differences between the end products of CO2 Extraction. To read this in its entirety, I encourage you to purchase the book, however I have listed a brief explanation of each.
Chapter three covers CO2 extracts used as base (carrier) oils. Although only ten CO2 base oils are covered, Madeleine has delved into considerable depth with each one. Rhiannon Lewis contributed to the chapter as well and provides a couple of recipes for herbal tinctures combined with CO2 extracts. Chapter Four This was my favourite chapter and worth the cost of the book alone! Chapter four makes up the bulk of 32
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We now offer recorded events for purchase at our online store https://bcaoa.org/store/videos-andaudio/
Explore our new educational products then buy and download to watch or listen at your own pace. Presenter: Patricia Antoniak Date: September 10, 2017 Length: 4 hours, 44 minutes (In 2 parts) Description: The Dynamics of Addiction This 2-part webinar discusses the use of aromatherapy with addiction, addictive personalities, and some of the causes and expressions of this difficult and damaging disease.
Presenter: Peter Holmes L.Ac., M.H. Date: April 2018 Length: 9 hours, 53 minutes (In 8 parts) Description: Day 1 Topics - Aromatherapy and Essential Oil Medicine: Exploring the psychological and physiological functions of essential oils. Fragrance Qualities and Pharmacology: The psychosensory approach to using essential oils as remedies Day 2 Topics - Essential Oils as Bioactive Remedies: Evaluating the integrity of essential oil production and identity. Symptom Versus Terrain: Differentiating treatment priorities with the six diagnostic conditions 35
Presenter: Dr. Timothy Miller ND. MAc, LAc, RA Date: April 2019 Length: 9 hours, 53 minutes (In 7 parts) Description: Day 1 - AromaChemistry: Get ready to see chemistry in a whole new light! Dr. Tim is going to show you how fascinating AromaChemistry is and how you can use it in a profound and impactful way. Some of the basics of chemistry is revisited, as well as explore functional groups and their generalized therapeutic indications. This will help enhance and deepen your understanding of chemistry and AromaChemistry. Day 2 - Pharmacokinetics: Pharmacokinetics is how the body interacts with essential oil components and how these compounds are metabolized and excreted from the body. A vital aspect of aromatherapy and can enable practitioners to maximize the effects of their treatments, and can guide the oil(s) and interface(s) which they might use.
Presenting The BCAPA Proceedings Manuals 2001-2014 Between the years 2000 and 2014, the BCAPA published the presenters’ notes from Continuing Education Events and meeting notes of Chapter Group forums in a bound format as their annual Proceedings Manual. The hard copies of the Proceeding Manuals were discontinued in 2015 but the they contain such a wealth of information that, now that the BCAPA and BCAOA have amalgamated, we are able to sell them at a very affordable price online in digital format. These wonderfully informative manuals are available singly or buy the whole collection for an amazingly discounted deal! Journal Update: We only have a few of our Summer and Fall issues left, but all previous editions are available online at Issuu. Thank you all for your support! Essential Oil Safety Booklets: These lovely and profitable publications are always available in print to order or online at Issuu. 36