Naam Spreker: Henk Kranenberg Presentatie:
F-gassen wetgeving Implicaties voor de U-bouw
F-gassen wetgeving: implicaties voor de klimaattechniek in de utiliteitsbouw - Warmtepompen Henk Kranenberg Voorzitter Verac Senior Manager ERC – Daikin Europe NV
Directives vanuit Brussel
Drivers om gebruik te maken EED directive: Energy Efficiency Directive van • Member states have to set targets and implement (omkeerbare) strategies to assure 20% targets • Requiring long term policy (2050) for total building stock • Reduce energy sales to final users by 1.5% per year warmtepompen (2012/27/EU)
• • •
Authorities refurbish min 3% per year Improve efficiency of power and heat generation More smart grids & meters
Ecodesign directive: Energy Labelling directive: (2009/125/EC)
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(2010/30/EU
Minimum requirements on product level & labelling
EPBD directive: • • •
• • •
RES directive: Energy Efficiency Directive (2009/28/EC)
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Article 13.4, by 31/12/14 MS impose building codes for minimum requirements RES new buildings & renovation
•
RES installer
(2010/31/EU May19th 2010)
Energy performance of buildings system level Trias energetica nZEB requirements by 2020 Cost optimal (common thinking starts with envelope, thermal insulation – ends with the installation) Increase inspection on heating & AC New & Existing buildings Replacement Technical installations
International Standards
F-gas directive (& recast):
(842/2006)
ISO CEN
National Building Codes •
Normalisation & Standards for New Buildings and Renovation
Warmtepomp toekomst in klimaattechniek? Retorische Vraag! Utiliteit:
JA
• Vandaag al de praktijk
Woningbouw:
Deels
• Nieuwbouw:
JA, geen gas maar Smartgrid
• Renovatie:
Deels, Hybride, Smartgrid Opslag
• Nieuwbouw • Renovatie
• Volgende stap, slimme uitwisseling met de omgeving Uitwisseling electra, en/of opslag
warmte/koude op het net.. + Opslag in accu, of warmte/koude (opslagtank, PCM of de bodem)
Typical refrigerants used today stationary air conditioning & heat pumps
R410A : GWP2088 R407C : GWP1774 R290 : GWP3
R410A : GWP2088 R410A : GWP2088 R134a : GWP1430 Cooling and Heating capacities range from <1 kW to > 10,000 kW
Revised F gas regulation : GWP limits for air conditioners & heat pumps Ban on HFC with GWP150 from 2020
For SINGLE split air conditioners with a charge BELOW 3 kg : Ban on HFC with GWP750 from 2025 No GWP limit for Chillers (unless Chiller is used for refrigeration applications where GWP 2500 is not allowed)
No GWP limit for charges > 3kg No GWP limit for multi split or VRF All HFCs used in the equipment will be subject to the HFC “phase down”, even if there is no specific ban or GWP limit. “No GWP limit” is NOT equal to “business as usual” !
Revised F gas regulation : HFC “phase down” targets Reduction on the placing on EU market of HFCs – in CO2 equivalent = quantity x GWP
In CO2equivalent
HFC PHASE DOWN TARGETS
Baseline
Avg. 2009-2012
2015
100%
2016-2017
93%
2018-2020
63%
2021-2023
45%
2024-2026
31%
2027-2029
24%
2030
21%
Nearly 80% reduction !
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How to achieve this HFC phase down ? Where possible : 1) Change to HFC refrigerants with a lower GWP 2) Change to non-HFC refrigerants 3) Reduce the HFC refrigerant quantity 4) Recover and reuse HFCs 5) Any combination of 1) 3) 4)
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GWP comparison of R410A & R32 Quantity
GWP x Quantity
> 75% Reduction • The GWP of R32 is only 1/3rd of R410A GWP Values according to IPCC 4th Assessment Report For the EU F gas regulation the GWP values of IPCC 3rd report are valid (R410A = 1975, R32 = 650)
• Taking into account the refrigerant charge, the GWP is only 1/4th !
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Impact on installation / service • Technically, installation of i.e. R32 unit is the same as R410A • Tools are slightly different Tooling
R410A
R32
Manifold
Normal
Different
Scale
Normal
Normal
Vacuum pump
Normal
Normal
Leak detector
Normal
Different
Recovery unit
Normal
Different
Ventilation
Recommended
Necessary
Beperkte aanpassing in training & tools installateur
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Flammability classification of i.e.R32 = 2L Class 1
Class 2L
Class 2
Class 3
Not flammable
Slightly flammable
Low flammable
Highly flammable
R152a
R290
burning velocity ≤10 cm/s R744 (CO2)
R1234yf / ze
R410A
R32
R717 (Ammonia) In Nederland Class 1 en 2L gelijkwaardig vanuit Bouw voorschriften
Flammability of 2L refrigerants is very low. The burning velocity (≤ 10 cm/s) is too slow to cause horizontal flame propagation or explosion. Classification according to ASHRAE34 & ISO817.
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There is no “one-size-fits all” refrigerant • Each manufacturer needs to make choices depending on the application and the needs of the market & taking into account local legislations & standards. • R32, HFO’s expected to become main refrigerants, next to number of naturals in specific segments like refrigeration
R32
i.e. R410A will still be needed for those applications where the use of flammable refrigerants is restricted.
Park Phi te Enschede (Breeam Excellent)
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Geïntegreerde aanpak van koude/warmte vraag en koude/warmte opwekking met VRF/VRV warmtepomp technologie
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Energielasten Euro 9 / m2 (all-in)
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In potentie energie neutraal (nZEB conform prEN 15603)
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Toekomst: R32 koudemiddel reële optie
Realiteit vandaag de dag..
Monitored field test in Herten (D)
Enev 2012 Positieve balans: ~ 1.000 kWu
Standaard Lucht/lucht en lucht/water Warmtepomp PV voor opwekking (nZEB conform prEN 15603) Toekomst: R32 koudemiddel reĂŤle optie
Uitdaging in renovatie Warmtepompen bouwstenen alle EU directives Nearly climate neutral! Nearly zero-energy!
Reaching for zero!
~25%
Renovate deep!
new buildings 2012-2050
Building stock today
~ 75%
2050 building stock
Dank u Vragen/discussie Kranenberg.h@daikin.nl