.1.3b

Gh11

Handout

Consequences of not testing

Damage to hair, possible breakage

Expected results

Claim for compensation

Hair stretches and returns to original length

Damage to hair, possible breakage

Claim for compensation

Hair feels either smooth if in good condition or rough if in poor condition

How done

Salon and Legal Requirements –Hair Tests

Stretch hairs between fingers/thumbs

Run fingers down hair from points to roots

Damage to hair, possible breakage

Claim for compensation

Liquid fizzes, bubbles, changes colour, heats up if metallic salts are present

Immerse hair in ammonium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide

Why done

To check condition of the cortex

To check condition of the cuticle

To check for presence of metallic salts

Allergic reaction, possible anaphylactic shock

Claim for compensation

No reaction. If skin does react it will be: itchy, red, sore, weeping. Do not colour if this happens

Clean a small area of skin behind the ear or crook of the elbow, apply small amount of product. Check after 24 –48 hours

To find out if the client is allergic to the product

Incorrect colour or bleach shade

Claim for compensation

Colour has reached desired result or colour may need further development

Remove product from strand of hair, check colour development

To check colour or bleach development

Under or over processed perm

Good, firm S shape if perm is ready

Claim for compensation

Loosen rod, gently push back hair at roots, look for S shape. Repeat with other rods

Incorrect colour result

Suitable colour result

Take small cutting of hair, apply proposed colourant, develop and check result

To check perm development

To check effect of colourant on hair

When done

Before chemical treatment or as part of consultation process

Before chemical treatment or as part of consultation process

Before chemical treatment

Before colouring hair

During colour or bleach development

During perm development

Before colouring treatment

Test

Elasticity test

Porosity test

Incompatibility test

Skin test

Strand test

Perm development test

Colour test

Your salon’s pricing structure and how to calculate the likely charge for services (page 1 of 2)

Each salon has its own pricing structure. Before a salon owner decides how much to charge for a specific job she/he must take many factors into account.

For example, the cost of:

• premises

• staff

• stock

• utilities (water, electricity, gas)

• replacements and renewals

• miscellaneous expenses

• repairs and decoration.

Some salons structure their prices according to the experience of their stylists, or make a higher charge to have work done by the more popular staff, while others have a flat rate for all stylists.

Many salons make a reduced charge for unqualified staff to help them gain experience while they are working towards their qualification. This special rate is usually offered during less busy periods at the start of the week but it may apply only on training evenings.

Most salons display their charges quite clearly on a price list and this is usually placed close to the reception area so that clients can see the cost of the treatments and the level of charge for stylists.

When calculating the likely cost of a job you must take a variety of details into account:

• the stylist and her/his level of charges

• any extra time needed to carry out the treatment or service

• any extra products needed

• specialism of the job ie, the expertise required by the hairdresser

• extra work to be done. For example, if regrowth is too long for a normal application and needs a double application of tint

• available pricing concessions.

When asked the price of a treatment or service you must not commit either the salon or the stylist to a specific charge if you are unsure.

When calculating the costs ensure that you list everything that is to be done, taking any possible additional charges (eg, extra products or extra time) into account. Then check with the stylist to clarify the details of the work before quoting a price. Do not confirm the price with the client until you have done this.

If you under quote the salon will not make a profit, but if you over quote you may lose a client.

Factors that affect your legal responsibilities

(page 1 of 2)

There are various Acts and Regulations that govern the way you must act and your responsibilities in law relating to the service you provide, the materials you use and the way in which you use them.

The following general guidance applies not only to employers but also to employees and learners.

The Health & Safety at Work Act

• this is the great ‘enabling’ Act from which much subsequent legislation has sprung

The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations

• these Regulations require all at work to help maintain a safe and healthy working environment

The Manual Handling Regulations

• these Regulations place upon all at work the duty to minimise the risks from lifting and handling objects

The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations

• these Regulations impose upon the employer the duty to select equipment for use at work that is properly constructed, suitable for the purpose and kept in good repair. Employers must also ensure that all who use the equipment have been adequately trained

The Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations

• these confirm the requirement for employers to provide suitable and sufficient protective clothing/equipment and for all employees to use it when required

The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH)

• these Regulations require all at work to store, handle, use and dispose of substances which may provide a hazard to health or safety in accordance with manufacturers’ instructions

The Electricity at Work Regulations

• employers are required to maintain electrical equipment in safe condition and employees are required to report any faulty electrical equipment in the workplace

Reporting of Injuries, Disease and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations

• your salon is required to report injuries, disease and dangerous occurrences. You must report to the relevant person any injuries or dangerous occurrences at work. You may also be required to report any potentially infectious conditions of which you become aware

The Supply of Goods and Services Act

• section 13 of this Act is the main clause that affects hairdressers – it says that all services must be provided with reasonable care and skill

The Trades Description Act

• this Act requires that the descriptions that are displayed with any product that you sell are true. This mainly affects the advertising that manufacturers attach to the products – the labelling, etc.

• the way that hairdressers in the salon are affected is mainly due to the common law of misrepresentation – you must describe the features and benefits of a product accurately. You must not make claims that it can or will do something that it cannot or will not do

The Consumer Protection Act

• this Act is designed to protect customers from unsafe consumer goods. There is a clause in this Act that is duplicated in the Sale of Goods Act that states that goods sold to customers must be of a satisfactory quality.

Whose responsibility is it to use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?

Who is responsible for maintaining a healthy and safe working environment?

How the following factors can limit or affect services and products that can be used or offered to clients and why it is important to identify them.

• head and face shape

• lifestyle

• hair growth patterns

• adverse hair

• skin and scalp conditions

• incompatibility of previous services and products used

It is important to identify factors that may limit the services and products that may be used. on clients so that you can:

• ensure the suitability of the hair and scalp for the service that is to follow

• ensure that the most suitable techniques are used to create the desired look

• ensure that the most suitable products, tools and equipment are used.

Head and face shape

If the client chooses a style that is unsuitable for the shape of their head or face then it is your responsibility to offer a more suitable alternative. Use a style book to advise the client and to let him/her see what may be suitable for them, but remember to remain tactful at all times.

Lifestyle

It is important to match the hairstyle to the client’s lifestyle – if she/he is very busy with only a limited amount of time to spend on their hair then give them a simple, easy to manage shape. If their work requires that they look professional at all times then she/he may want a style that, although simple, is classic but needs regular attention from a stylist.

The client may have a job that requires them to wear a hat or other headgear – they may be a nurse, a fire fighter, a police worker or food preparation worker. You must take this fact into account when designing, suggesting or agreeing a hairstyle.

Hair growth patterns

The growth patterns of the hair can make or break a hairstyle – if you choose a full, short fringe for a client whose front hairline has a cowlick it will not lie properly and the client will have difficulty in making it look right.

If the neckline grows to the centre or out to one or both sides you must give the client a style that is long enough to camouflage it or short enough that it does not affect the style.

One of the most difficult growth patterns to deal with is a double crown – a true double crown makes the hair stand straight out from the head if it is cut short, so you must leave it long enough to prevent this.

Incompatibility of previous services and products used

It may be that the client’s hair has been cut too short for what they now want or that there are already too many chemical treatments on the hair to allow you to do another one.

The client may have had a curly perm on her African Caribbean hair and she may now want to have her hair relaxed – this should not be done.

If you can see or feel, or if the client tells you that there has been another product used on the hair, and you are not entirely sure what it is, or if you suspect the presence of metallic salts you must carry out an incompatibility test. Your further decisions for treatments and services must be based on the result of this test.

Adverse hair, skin or scalp conditions

Some hair conditions may prevent the use of certain products. For example, if the hair is very dry it would be unwise to use any chemical product on it as this would increase the dryness.

Most adverse conditions relate to the scalp. You must not try to diagnose any skin or scalp condition – this is the job of a medical expert. However, there are some conditions that are quite common and easily recognised. You need to be able to identify those that should be reported to the relevant person and those that allow hair treatments to be done in the salon.

A suspected infection can be recognised by:

• open, weeping skin

• red, inflamed skin or scalp

• presence of a rash.

A suspected infestation can be recognised by:

• itchy skin or scalp

• redness

• parasite or eggs visible

• presence of a rash.

Discuss the following with your group members and your trainer:

A client has a very long, sharp nose and she asks for a style that has a centre parting and is dressed smooth and close to her face at either side, would you agree the style?

If not, what kind of shape would you recommend?

The growth cycle of hair - (1 of 2)

Hair grows, ceases to grow, falls out, and renews itself on a continual basis. If this growth pattern ever stops, or is temporarily halted, the hair will not replace itself and the client will go bald.

Most human hair grows continually from around 1_ years to up to 7 years. You may have noticed that some people cannot grow their hair long while others can grow their hair very long. This is because they have an unusually long growing stage in the growth.

There are three stages in the growth cycle:

Anagen

This is the main growing stage when the germinal matrix and the papilla are working hard to produce hair cells. It can last from a few months to a few years.

Catagen

This is when the hair stops growing and the hair bulb gradually separates from the papilla and shrinks away from it upwards inside the follicle.

Telogen

This is the resting stage when no growth occurs. The follicle shrinks and fully separates from the papilla. This stage does not usually last very long, from a few hours up to around four months. However, if it does not come to an end then baldness results.

The human hair growth cycle is individual to each hair – they reach different stages at different times so that there is a continuous renewal and replacement of old hairs.