CDL Follow Along Manual

Prepare to Become a Commercial Vehicle Driver

Companion Study Guide to AudioLearn’s Commercial Driver’s License Test Preparation Course

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Table of Contents Directory of State Departments of Motor Vehicles, Including Washington DC Pages 3-4 CDL License Classes and Endorsements Page 5 Physical Exams and Self Certification Page 6 Disqualification Page 7 Warning Devices and Emergency Equipment Page 8 Endorsement Summary Title Page. Link to Bureau of Labor and Statistics Page 9 Passenger Endorsement Summary and Notes Page Page 10 School Bus Endorsement Summary and Notes Page Page 11

Tanker Endorsement Summary and Notes Page Page 12 Combination Vehicle Endorsement Summary and Notes Page Page 13 Double Triple Endorsement Summary and Notes Page Page 14 Air Brake Test Summary and Notes Page Page 15 Hazardous Materials Endorsement Summary and Notes Page Page 16-17 Multiple Choice Test Tips Page 18 Final Exam Pages 18-32 Final Exam Answer Key Page 33 2

Directory of U.S Motor Vehicle Departments Because commercial driver’s licenses are issued by your state of permanent residence, much of the information you get must be from your particular state of domicile or residence. For your convenience, we have provided links to the fifty state Motor Vehicle Division web sites plus that of the District of Columbia. When you use a link, you need to navigate to the appropriate sections. You can download applications, get general information, and even download a copy of the CDL manual for your state. We highly suggest you do this if you do not purchase one directly from a DMV office. Bookmark your state’s DMV site. As a CDL driver, you will return to it often.

Alabama http://dps.alabama.gov/Home/Default.aspx

Iowa https://www.iowadot.gov/mvd

Alaska http://doa.alaska.gov/dmv/home.htm

Kansas https://www.kansas.gov/resident/driving.html

Arizona https://www.azdot.gov/motor-vehicles

Kentucky https://drive.ky.gov/Pages/default.aspx

Arkansas http://asp.ark.org/services-and-programs/detail/ driver-examination California https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/dmv Colorado https://www.colorado.gov/dmv Connecticut http://www.ct.gov/dmv/site/default.asp

Louisiana https://www.expresslane.org/Pages/default.aspx Maine http://www.maine.gov/sos/bmv/ Maryland http://www.mva.maryland.gov Massachusetts http://www.massrmv.com

Delaware https://www.dmv.de.gov

Michigan http://www.michigan.gov/sos/0,4670,7-127-1627--,00.html

Florida https://www.flhsmv.gov

Minnesota https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/dvs/Pages/default.aspx

Georgia https://dds.georgia.gov

Mississippi https://www.dps.state.ms.us/driver-services/

Hawaii http://www.honolulu.gov/csd/vehicle.html** **For Hawaii, you must choose the county in which you live for the appropriate DMV Center

Missouri http://dor.mo.gov/motorv/

Idaho https://itd.idaho.gov/itddmv/ Illinois http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/departments/drivers/home.html

Montana https://dojmt.gov/driving/ Nebraska https://dmv.nebraska.gov Nevada http://www.dmvnv.com

Indiana http://www.in.gov/bmv/

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Directory of State Division of Motor Vehicle Offices, continued.

New Hampshire https://www.nh.gov/safety/divisions/dmv/index.htm

Texas http://www.txdmv.gov

New Jersey http://www.state.nj.us/mvc/

Utah https://dmv.utah.gov

New Mexico http://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/commercial-drivers-licenses.aspx New York https://dmv.ny.gov North Carolina https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/driver/commercial/ North Dakota https://www.dot.nd.gov/public/ Ohio http://www.bmv.ohio.gov Oklahoma https://www.ok.gov/dps/ Oregon http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/Pages/index.aspx Pennsylvania http://www.dmv.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx

Vermont http://dmv.vermont.gov Virginia https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/drivers/#index.asp Washington http://www.dol.wa.gov West Virginia https://transportation.wv.gov/DMV/Motor-Carriers/CDL/ Pages/default.aspx Wisconsin http://wisconsindot.gov/Pages/online-srvcs/external/ dmv.aspx Wyoming http://www.dot.state.wy.us/driverservices District of Columbia https://dmv.dc.gov

Rhode Island http://www.dmv.ri.gov South Carolina http://www.scdmvonline.com/Driver-Services/Commercial-Licenses South Dakota https://dps.sd.gov/driver-licensing Tennessee https://www.tn.gov/driver-services.html

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Commercial Vehicle Classes Class A— Combination of vehicles with a GVWR of more than 26,000 pounds. The towed unit (s) must have a GVWR more than 10,000 pounds. Class A license holders may operate Class B, C, and D vehicles subject to holding appropriate endorsements.

Class B— Single vehicle with a GVWR of more than 26,000 pounds. If towing a unit, that unit cannot exceed a GVWR of 10,000 pounds. Class B license holders may operate Class C and D vehicles subject to holding appropriate endorsements.

Class C— Vehicle or combination not falling into class A or B. Designed to carry 16 or more passengers which includes the driver or transports hazardous materials requiring a placard. Class C drivers may operate Class D vehicles.

Commercial Vehicle Endorsements Passenger Transport

This endorsement is required for anyone who wants to drive a bus or vehicle transporting a minimum of 16 people including the driver.

School Bus

This endorsement is for those who want to drive school buses. Extra testing and/or paperwork for background checks may be required for school bus endorsements.

Combination Vehicles

This endorsement ids for those who want to drive combination vehicles: power or drive units plus towed units.

Tank Vehicles

This endorsement is for those who want to transport liquids or gas. Tank (s) must have an individual rated capacity exceeding 119 gallons and an aggregate rated capacity of 1,000 gallons minimum.

Tanks can be permanently or temporarily attached to the vehicle.

Double Triples

This endorsement is for those who want to drive rigs that can tow double or triple trailers.

Hazardous Materials

This endorsement is for those who want to transport materials classified under federal regulations as hazardous. A successful TSA background check is required for this endorsement.

Air Brake

This endorsement is required for anyone who plans to operate a vehicle that has air brakes or air over hydraulic brakes.

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Qualifying for a CDL Physical Requirements CDL candidates must pass a DOT physical examination performed by an approved provider. You will receive a medical card that you may or may not be required to carry when driving a CMV. Some candidates who do not meet the exact qualifications may obtain certain medical waivers. Check with your state Department of Motor Vehicles for details and associated paperwork if you fall into this category.

CDL Self Certification Any driver who obtains, renews, upgrades, or transfers a CDL from another state must self certify. You must attest to what type of commerce you will be involved in (intrastate or interstate) and whether you must carry a DOT medical card.

When self certifying, you will report the category where you belong: NI

Non-Excepted Interstate means you will conduct interstate commerce, and must meet DOT medical card requirements.

EI

Excepted Interstate means you will conduct interstate commerce, but don’t have to comply with the DOT medical card requirements.

NA

Non-Excepted Intrastate means you will conduct intrastate commerce and must meet DOT medical card requirements.

EA

Excepted Intrastate means you will conduct intrastate commerce, but don’t have to comply with the DOT medical card requirements.

Commercial Driver Maximum Allowable Driving Hours Commercial drivers cannot just continue to drive until a run is complete or until they decide they just cannot continue. There are federal and state laws governing this important restriction. In general, most drivers must have eight to ten hours of off time/non-driving time before they can resume driving. Because of the large number of exceptions depending on passenger/non-passenger, local delivery, and industry, to name just a few, take the time to get the specifics that will pertain to you from your state DMV or from your employer if you work for a motor carrier.

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CDL Disqualification There are numerous reasons for which you can be disqualified. That means that you can lose your driving privileges, or your ability to apply for a CDL or CLP can be delayed. As a professional driver, take your driving record seriously and keep it clean. What follows is a summary of infractions and offenses that can lead to disqualification. Individual states may have additional laws, so be sure to consult your state CDL Manual. Keep in mind also, that some offenses can be committed in your personal vehicle and still result in your losing CDL privileges.

Serious Offenses Causing Disqualification Most can occur in commercial or in your personal vehicle.

First Offense—1 year DQ** 2nd Offense in Separate Incident—Lifetime DQ **First Offense When Driving a Hazamat Vehicle—3 year DQ

DUI alcohol or controlled substance Blood Alcohol Content 0.04% Operating with a suspended CDL Implied Consent/refusal to submit to sobriety testing Leaving scene of an accident where you were involved Using your commercial vehicle in the commission of a felony Negligent operation of commercial vehicle with a fatality !! Use of your commercial vehicle in any type of drug sales, trafficking, or manufacture nets automatic lifetime DQ !!

Traffic Offenses Causing Disqualification Committing any combination of two offenses results in DQ. Many of these can also occur in your personal vehicle.

First offense - 60 day DQ 2nd Offense within 3 years of first - 120 days DQ

Speeding at 15mph above posted limit Following a vehicle too closely/tailgating Operating a commercial vehicle with no CLP or CDL Operating without the proper license class/endorsements

Erratic driving or lane changes Violating any law where a fatality occurred Not having CLP or CDL in possession while driving Texting or hand-held mobile device use while driving

Reckless driving

Violating Railroad Crossing Laws: Violating Out of Service Orders:

First offense— minimum 60 day DQ 2nd—120 day DQ

3rd—1 year DQ

Non-hazardous transport first offense—minimum 180 day maximum 1 year DQ Hazardous transport /carrying 16+ passengers—minimum 180 day maximum 2year DQ

Second offense non hazardous—min.2 year max. 5 year DQ Second offense hazardous/16+ passenger—min. 2year max. 5 year DQ Third offense non hazardous—min. 3 year max. 5 year DQ Third offense hazardous/16+ passengers—min. 3 year max. 5 year DQ

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Warning Device Placement Summary If forced to stop at the side of the road or in a breakdown lane, you have ten minutes to place devices that will alert other drivers to your stopped vehicle: One warning device should be placed 10 feet behind your vehicle on the side towards traffic. A second device goes 100 feet further back in the center of the lane you are stopped in or on the shoulder.

A third device should be placed 100 feet out in the direction of on coming traffic from the other side.

If stopped within 500 feet of a hill or other object obstructing the view of drivers approaching you: Place a device anywhere from 100 to 500 feet away in the direction of the obstruction. Try to give other drivers as much advanced notice to your presence as possible.

Drivers stopped on one way roads or divided stretches should place a device ten feet to the vehicle’s rear on the traffic side. Place two more devices, 100 feet and 200 feet in the direction of on coming traffic.

Also Remember 

Immediately activate emergency flashers, and keep them on until warning devices have been placed.

Reactivate flashers while you collect warning devices.



If using flares, replace any that burn out while you are stopped. Extinguish all before you leave.



DO NOT use flares when transporting any flammable or explosive cargo.



Reflective triangles should be visible from both directions: approaching and oncoming traffic.



If pulled off the road, try to leave two wheels on a paved surface for easier re-entry.

CFR 49 395.95 Subpart H Federal Minimum Requirements for Emergency Equipment Remember that state or employer requirements may vary from the federal guidelines. 

Fire extinguisher: For hazardous transport, 10 B:C minimum rating.

Non– hazardous, 5 B:C or two 4 B:C extinguishers.



At least one spare electrical fuse for each fuse type in the vehicle’s fuse box.



At least three bi-directional reflective triangles.



At least six fusees with 30 minute burn time or three liquid flares with 60 minute burn time.



You may use additional equipment that does not replace the above, but does increase effectiveness of your warning.

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CDL Endorsement Summaries

The following pages contain brief outlines of the subject matter you will need to know to obtain the various CDL endorsements. We have left plenty of space for you to take notes in the way that will help you to best understand and remember the information. Make your own categories if that will help you to better organize your notes.

We suggest that everyone listens to the lectures for all endorsements at least once, just to help you become better prepared for the general knowledge test. After that, return to the material on the specific endorsements you need, and listen to those lectures until you feel confident that you can answer any question asked about that endorsement.

Link to the United States Bureau of Labor and Statistics Follow this link to research potential earnings as you consider a career in commercial driving: https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes533032.htm Copy and paste the link into your internet browser.

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Passenger Endorsement Summary Take Notes During Lecture as needed Pre and Post trip Inspections

Loading and Unloading Passengers

Basic Operation and Braking

Emergencies and Problem Passengers

Special Driving Situations such as Rail Crossings

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School Bus Endorsement Summary Take Notes During Lecture as needed Pre and Post Trip Inspections

Mirrors and School Bus Specific Equipment

Picking Up Children Along a Route or at School

Dropping Off Children Along a Route or at School

Emergencies and Evacuations

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Tanker Endorsement Summary Take Notes During Lecture as needed Cargo Surges

Braking with a Tanker

Tank Types: Baffles, Bulkheads, Non-Baffled

Driving in various Conditions

Emergency Systems on Tankers

Special Marking Requirements

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Combination Vehicle Endorsement Summary Take Notes During Lecture as needed Pre Trip Inspection

Coupling and Uncoupling Trailers

General Safe Operation/Braking

Emergencies/Skids

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Double Triple Endorsement Summary Take Notes During Lecture as needed Pre Trip Inspections

Special Problems Double Triples Present to other Drivers

Couple and Uncouple a trailer to another trailer

Stability of Double Triples: Steering and Braking

Emergencies

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Air Brakes Endorsement Summary Take Notes During Lecture as needed System Components: What Do They Do?

Making Proper Connections and Pressurizing System

Low Pressure Warnings. Remedies for Low Pressure.

Air Brake Operations Testing

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Hazardous Materials Endorsement Summary Take Notes During Lecture as needed Hazmat Regulations and Shipping Documents

Packaging, Labeling, and Placarding

Loading/Unloading Hazardous Cargo

Emergencies and Working with First Responders

Driving While Transporting Hazardous Materials

Stopped or Parked Vehicles Containing Hazardous Cargo

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Hazardous Materials • Hazmat • H-M Any of the above terms may be used for discussion or documentation.

Hazmat Classes and Divisions

Hazardous Materials Table

per CFR 49 Part 173

per CFR 49. Part 172

Class Div.

Description

1

Explosive w/ mass explosion hazard

1.1

1

1.2

Explosive w/projection hazard

1

1.3

Explosives w/ fire hazard

1

1.4

Explosives w/ no significant blast hazard

1

1.5

Explosives/Very Sensitive incl. blasting agents

1

1.6

Detonating devices extremely insensitive

2

2.1

Flammable Gas

2

2.2

Compressed Gas non-flammable/non-toxic

2

2.3

Poison Gas (PIH) toxic if inhaled

3

Liquids, flammable/ combustible

This information is used to prepare shipping documents.

Below is an explanation as to what is displayed in columns 1—8 in the table. Columns 9 and 10 do not pertain to trucking.

Column One Letter designation for the shipping method affected by the HM, i.e. I = International, W = Water, G= generic (technical name needed).

Column Two Proper Shipping Name and Description. Remember, Proper Shipping Name is official name of substance.

Column Three Hazard Class /Division. A notation of “forbidden” indicates no transport of this substance.

Column Four Four Digit ID number preceded by UN or NA. Used by emergency responders to determine risks and hazards.

Column Five Packaging Group noted with a Roman Numeral.

4

4.1

Flammable Solid

Column Six

4

4.2

Spontaneously Combustible

Column Seven Notes any special provisions required.

4

4.3

Dangerous if wet

5

5.1

Oxidizer

5

5.2

Organic Peroxide

6

6.1

Poisonous Material

6

6.2

Infectious Substance

7

Radioactive

8

Corrosive

9

Miscellaneous

Which labels are required on packaging.

Column Eight Divided into three sub columns, 8A, 8B, 8C. Determines packaging: special exceptions, bulk, non-bulk.

Emergency Reporting and Response National Response Center Hotline: 1 800 424 8802 https://www.epa.gov/emergency-response/national-response-center Chemtrec www.chemtrec.com Registered users have 24/7 access to emergency response information 17

CDL Preparation Course Final Exam The following pages contain 100 questions about the material we presented in our lectures. Your actual test questions, you might remember, will come from a bank of questions approved by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. This test will measure how well you have understood and retained key material that will help you to pass the CDL written tests. While our questions and answer choices will not be worded exactly the same way that you will get on your actual test, they do cover the same information. If you know the material, any question about it, no matter how the question is worded, should not be difficult for you. An answer key follows the test questions. Also, note how the questions have been divided: Questions 1 - 30

General Knowledge

Questions 31 - 40

Passenger Endorsement

Questions 41 - 50

School Bus Endorsement

Questions 51 - 60

Tanker Endorsement

Questions 61 - 70

Combination Vehicle Endorsement

Questions 71 - 80

Double Triple Endorsement

Questions 81 - 90

Air Brake Test

Questions 91 - 100 Hazardous Materials Endorsement

Multiple Choice Test Tips •

Know what you want to answer before looking at the choices. Many answer choices are there to trip you up.

•

Use process of elimination to eliminate answer choices you know cannot be true.

•

Beware of certain words or phrases meant to grab your attention. Make sure you are answering the question posed and not just something that is close. Close is still incorrect.

•

Don’t be swayed by letter patterns. Choose the response that you believe answers the question exactly.

•

Watch out for qualifying words such as “always” or “never”.

•

Worry about the question you are working on. Don’t think a few questions ahead. Loss of focus results in careless errors.

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General Knowledge Questions 1). How long before you are on duty/drive should you have had your last drink of alcohol? a six hours b four hours c twelve hours d three hours 2). Is there a time frame within which you must file a dispute against an “Out of Service” order against you? a file within one month b file within six months c file within ten days d file within one week 3). If you become licensed as an intrastate commercial driver, which of these is true? a b c d

You can only operate a commercial vehicle within your home state.

You can only operate within the state where you obtained your commercial license.

You cannot drive from one state to another while in a commercial vehicle.

All of the above.

4). What does GVWR or Gross Vehicle Weight Rating indicate? a b c d

That is the official weight of a commercial vehicle determined at a weigh station.

It is the manufacture’s specified loaded weight of a single vehicle.

It is the manufacture’s specified weight of a vehicle weighing over 26,000 pounds, and (if applicable) a trailer weighing over 10,000 pounds.

It is the difference between the weight of the unloaded vehicle and when it is fully loaded.

5). When stopping at a railroad crossing, what is the range of distance before reaching the crossing when you should stop? a b c d

No earlier than fifty feet but no closer than fifteen feet.

Always stop ten feet before the crossing.

No earlier than seventy five feet but no closer than fifteen feet.

Any stop between thirty and twenty feet is considered acceptable.

6). Under what condition is a commercial driver allowed to operate a vehicle without wearing a seat belt? a b c d

If the belt is tangled, drive until your next stop, then untangle it and buckle up.

There are no exceptions! Buckle up!

Only if your vehicle is not equipped with seat belts.

Within thirty minutes of a meal stop to avoid cramping up while driving.

7). If you are forced to make an unexpected stop along the road side, how long do you have to deploy warning devices? a b c d

Activating your four way flashers is enough if the stop is for under one half hour.

No warning devices are required unless your stop is for a mechanical malfunction, then fifteen minutes.

Activate flashers and deploy warning devices within ten minutes.

Activate flashers and deploy warning devices within five minutes.

8). Should you run your engine while refueling? a b c d

Only when the outside temperature is below freezing, so you can keep the cab heated.

Only when the nature of your trip requires that the vehicle engine remains running.

Only when you need to make up time due to unforeseen delays.

Never, no exceptions.

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General Knowledge Questions, cont’d.

9). What is the “Standee Line” on a passenger bus? a b c d

It is a slang term for the waiting area.

It is a line on the main aisle marking how far away from seated passengers standees should stay.

It is a line near the driver behind which everybody must remain before the driver can operate the bus.

It is a line painted along a sidewalk where passengers should line up for the bus.

10). When is it permissible for a commercial driver to text or use a mobile phone when driving? a b c d

When the vehicle is pulled off the road or if the driver is in contact with law enforcement for an emergency.

It is never permissible.

When the driver is at a truck stop or stopped at a red light.

Only when the vehicle is not actually moving.

11). What should you do if you ever feel your drive wheels spinning? a b c d

Employ stab braking immediately.

Employ controlled braking immediately.

Release the accelerator to gain traction.

Shift into a lower gear.

12). Whenever possible, how should you approach backing up a rig? a b c d

Only back up if a helper is available and qualified.

Avoid it. Always try to position your vehicle for forward travel.

Only back up if you can do so in a straight line.

Never back up after dark.

13). When aiming high in your steering, how far ahead should you be looking in heavier traffic versus rural or highway traffic? a b c d

One city block versus one quarter mile.

One quarter mile versus one city block.

In either case, the length of a football field or three hundred feet is suggested.

Two hundred feet versus five hundred feet.

14). In what case should you wave another driver on or otherwise direct them? a b c d

If your vehicle completely blocks their vision.

If you want them to proceed ahead of you so you can make a slow, gradual start.

Only at a four way stop intersection.

Never wave anyone on or otherwise direct them.

15). In rainy conditions, when are the roads most dangerous? a b c d

Right after a rain begins, oil and fluids on the roads mix with the rain, making the roads extra slick.

As soon as the roads get wet, they are dangerous until they dry out.

If you lower your speed accordingly, the danger level will not be any worse.

None of the above.

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General Knowledge Questions, cont’d.

16). While underway, always attempt to match your speed with that of the flow of traffic except when? a b c d

If traffic flow is so slow that you will not meet your timetable.

If the traffic flow exceeds the posted speed limit.

If you are in a “trucks only” lane.

Do not consider traffic flow. Base your speed on the weight of your cargo and posted limits.

17). What is a potential risk factor that could lead to hydroplaning? a b c d

Standing water.

Excessive speed.

Improper tire inflation.

All of the above.

18). Under normal conditions, when should you apply brakes while negotiating a curve? a b c d

Near the end of the curve, to allow merging traffic to enter your path.

As you approach the curve, to ensure a slower, safe entry.

Only apply brakes if you determine that the amount of the curve in the road calls for braking.

None of the above.

19). At forty mph, what does the formula “one second per ten feet of vehicle length” determine? a b c d

How long it will take to safely clear a toll area.

The speed at which you should enter a normal curve.

A basic time frame for conducting pre-trip inspections.

How much time/space to leave between you and the vehicle ahead.

20). Why should you avoid drifting in your travel lane? a Drifting causes extra fuel consumption. b Drifting causes excess tire wear. c Other drivers may make evasive maneuvers, because they think you are entering their lane. d Other drivers will not be able to see the road ahead as easily as if you kept your rig steady.

21). What are ways to trigger road rage incidents? a b c d

Making eye contact with someone who just performed a reckless maneuver.

Mouthing words towards someone who just made a reckless move.

Gesturing towards someone who just made a careless move.

All of the above.

22). What can braking and turning at the same time cause? a b c d

skidding overturning Both a and b.

Neither a nor b.

23). Aside from normal braking, what is another way to slow a rig safely, but more quickly? a b c d

Ease up on the accelerator and gradually coast to your desired speed.

If driving into a strong wind, maneuver your rig to take advantage of the wind resistance.

Downshift to a lower gear.

Pull lightly on the vehicle parking brake.

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General Knowledge Questions, cont’d.

24). Which is true of ABS? a b c d

In a crash, your driver side airbag will deploy.

If you press down hard on the brake pedal, your wheels will not lock.

If you continuously pump your brakes, your wheels will lock.

The dashboard warning lamp will go off if the system fails.

25). What should you do in the event of a minor engine fire? a b c d

Pull your vehicle to the side of the road and keep everybody away.

Pull off the road, and try to extinguish the flames through the radiator baffles or grill.

Pull off the road, open the hood, and point your extinguisher at the base of the flames.

Continue driving to the nearest fire station.

26). What does it mean if you become disqualified? a b c d

You have scored lower than fifty percent on at least two of your written tests.

You have committed a gross mistake, such as running a stop sign, during your road test.

You have violated a rule that results in loss of driving privileges or delay of your ability to apply for a CDL. You have passed the general knowledge exam but failed the exam for your desired endorsement.

27). Is there any chance for recovering from a lifetime disqualification? a b c d

In certain cases, with a clean driving record, you can ask for reinstatement after ten years.

Lifetime disqualification means lifetime. There are no exceptions.

Regardless of infraction, you will never be disqualified for life.

After five years, as long as you have committed no more infractions in your commercial vehicle.

28). If you cross the lines in an air brake system, what is the result? a b c d

You will not have any emergency braking power in a trailer.

Depressing the brake pedal will engage the spring brake.

Depressing the brake pedal will activate the parking brake.

This cannot happen. One compressor services all lines.

29). What will happen if too much cargo weight is put to the rear of the hold? a b c d

Turning will be more difficult.

You can lose traction in the vehicle.

As long as it is evenly distributed throughout the hold, there should be no problem.

The load may shift backward if not properly secured.

30). What is the minimum age you must be to obtain a CLP and CDL? a b c d

twenty one, without exception. eighteen, but you may be restricted as to what and where you can operate. eighteen without exception. twenty one, unless you are a veteran.

Passenger Endorsement Questions 31). What is the minimum number of people on a vehicle that would require the driver to have a CDL passenger endorsement? a b c d

Twenty four, including the driver.

Sixteen not including the driver.

Twelve not including the driver.

Sixteen including the driver. Eight including driver in some cases.

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Passenger Endorsement Questions, cont’d.

32). If you sign a previous driver’s inspection and/or service report, what does it indicate? a b c d

You have reviewed the report.

You have reviewed the report and attest to the fact that any problems noted have been rectified or repaired.

You have reviewed the report and agree with the recommended repairs.

The bus has been inspected for that particular day; you will not need to conduct any further inspection.

33). Which of the following are permitted in the passenger area of a bus? a b c d

Radioactive material if properly labeled and with complete shipping documents.

Labeled small arms ammunition and quantities under 100 pounds of insecticide.

Unlabeled containers of gasoline for response to a passenger vehicle breakdown.

Material classified as explosive if properly labeled and packaged.

34). What is an indicator that you may be driving your bus around a curve at too high a speed? a Your wheels will screech. b The steering wheel will feel like it is shuddering. c The body of the bus will lean to the side. d You ABS lamp will flash once or twice.

35). Under which of the following conditions can you slow at a rail crossing and not stop completely? a The crossing is marked as “abandoned”. b There is a green signal. c There is a police officer or flagger directing you on. d All of a, b, and c.

36). What are brake door interlocks? a b c d

If the driver taps the service brake lightly, all passenger doors lock after the bus is underway.

Whenever passenger doors are open, brakes are automatically applied regardless of the pedal being depressed.

If the rear passenger door is open, the bus will not move. Brakes are applied, and the engine will idle.

None of the above.

37). What precautions should you take when refueling in an enclosed space while transporting passengers? a b c d

Ask passengers to open their windows for increased ventilation.

Ask passengers to close their windows to prevent fumes from entering the passenger area.

Orient the bus towards the entry to the fueling area, and keep the front bus door open.

This is never done. Do not refuel in an enclosed space while carrying passengers.

38). If you approach a draw bridge that does not display any signals, how far before the bridge should you stop? a fifteen feet b fifty yards c fifty feet d fifteen yards 39). When working for an interstate carrier, how many inspection reports might you have to submit at the end of your day? a b c d

One for every bus you operated.

One for any bus you operated within the state where you hold your CDL. One for the last bus you operated that day.

None. Interstate carriers employ inspectors who have more advanced qualifications than do drivers.

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Passenger Endorsement Questions, cont’d.

40). If you drive a bus for public transportation/ mass transit, what other items might you need to inspect? a b c d

Baggage compartments and doors.

Restroom facilities and doors.

Passenger signaling lights and devices.

Extendable stop sign arm.

School Bus Endorsement Questions 41). When should you check and adjust mirrors? a b c d

After a few stops when you have a sense for what adjustments need to be made.

Before every run.

At the end of the day, in preparation for the following day.

Only if there is a change in bus driver.

42). What type of mirrors might give you an unrealistic idea as to size and distance away of objects? a b c d

crossover rear view convex back up

43). Properly adjusted flat mirrors should allow you to see approximately how far back? a b c d

two car lengths the length of a football field one quarter mile four bus lengths or two hundred feet

44). What do crossover mirrors do? a b c d

Allow students to see around the bus before they cross the street.

Monitor the rear emergency exit area.

Allow the driver to see what is directly in front of the bus.

Monitor the rear passenger door.

45). Approximately when should you activate your turn signals when preparing for a stop? a b c d

Depending on traffic, one hundred to three hundred feet or three to five seconds before you pull over.

Just before you activate your red flashers.

Anywhere from twenty to fifty feet before you reach the students.

Exactly at the same time you activate your yellow flashers.

46). While at a bus stop…… a b c d

keep your foot with steady pressure on the brake pedal, so the bus does not move. put the bus in park/neutral and engage the parking brake. keep the brake pedal depressed and engage the parking brake. turn off the engine.

24

School Bus Endorsement Questions, cont’d.

47). Why should you stop ten feet before your waiting students? a b c d

That is the spot where the official stop is designated.

This will allow more time and room for you to reenter traffic.

You can see how many students are waiting and confirm that the same number has boarded the bus.

Never stop that far before waiting students. Always proceed to where they are standing.

48). What determines where you should position the school bus when picking up students at the end of a school day? a b c d

Try to line up numerically according to bus number.

The local school district decides how buses are stationed.

Line up as you arrive at the school; first come, first served.

Proximity of your specific route to the school.

49). When should students cross the street in front of you after you have dropped them off? a b c d

When you signal them to proceed and after they look both ways.

They may cross when they see it is safe.

They may cross when signaled by a parent or guardian.

Only after the bus has left so it no longer obstructs their view of the street and traffic.

50).What should you be sure of as you exit the bus after a run? a b c d

The bus is secured.

The bus is empty of students and left behind belongings.

You have a list of defects, vandalism, or repairs to report. a, b, and c.

Tanker Endorsement Questions 51). Why would you need a Class C license for driving a tanker? a b c d

Vehicles you operate are not equipped with air brakes.

Vehicles you operate will transport hazardous materials.

Vehicles you operate will have an aggregate tank capacity of under five hundred gallons.

Vehicles you operate will only carry tanks that are temporarily attached.

52). Why is it important to have a thorough knowledge about the manufacturer’s documentation on your tanker? a b c d

It tells you what to do in the event of a breakdown, where assistance is not immediately available.

It provides information that must be displayed on all shipping papers.

It enables you to show you are authorized to operate that vehicle.

There is such a variety of sizes and tank types, no standard procedures can apply to all vehicles.

53). What procedures must be altered when you operate a leaky tanker? a You may only drive within a twenty five mile radius of the terminal. b You may only operate within the confines of the terminal. c You cannot operate a tanker that is leaking. It is a crime. d You can only transport food/biodegradable cargo.

25

Tanker Endorsement Questions, cont’d.

54). If your vehicle tank has bulkheads, what must you be aware of? a b c d

Do not overload the front or rear compartments. Distribute cargo weight evenly.

You can start and stop with a bit more force because your cargo will not surge to the front or back.

Only a little liquid will pass back and forth through the bulkheads and within the tank.

Load the bottom of the tank with more weight than you put into the top of the tank.

55). Describe the concept of “outage”. a b c d

This is a slang term for “out of service”. It is the length of time required for tank repair.

This is a required report, informing your carrier of any cargo spilled or leaked during the unloading process.

This term defines the amount of pressure released by certain volatile liquids during transport.

This is the term defining the space that should be left in a tanker to allow for the expansion of liquids.

56). Performing too hard a stop with a tanker during transport could cause… a b c d

a failure to stop, and you could be pushed into traffic by surging cargo. premature brake wear. the tractor protection valve to pop. squealing wheels that may distract other drivers at an inopportune time.

57). What is the best way to control surging cargo when making a stop? a b c d

Pump brakes rapidly unless your vehicle is ABS equipped.

Shift into a lower gear while applying the brakes.

Ease up on the accelerator without applying brakes.

Allow enough time and distance, applying light but steady brake pressure leading to a slow, smooth stop.

58). In wet weather, what is true about your empty tanker? a b c d

It can hydroplane if your speed is excessive.

It has less traction and will require longer stop times and distances.

Both a and b.

Neither a nor b.

59). Why must you know about the liquids you are loading and transporting? a b c d

You must understand the liquid’s density and weight. There may be weight restricted roads on your route.

Outage.

Denser liquids are heavier and will produce more powerful surges.

All of the above.

60). During your inspection, what is true about all valves and connections on your vehicle? a b c d

They should be in position for whatever you plan to do: load, transport, or unload.

They should be connected per manufacture’s documentation.

They should be stowed securely.

They should all be open to ventilate the tank for outage.

26

Combination Vehicle Endorsement Questions 61). What is the purpose of having a driving unit on a combination rig? a b c d

The driving unit is required to be able to steer any combination vehicle.

The driving unit is necessary for loading extremely heavy cargo into the trailer.

The driving unit, or power unit, is the tractor. It is the independent vehicle that tows another unit.

The driving unit is used to guide trailers out to the tractor for coupling.

62). Coupling refers to what? a b c d

Towing two trailers instead of just one.

Having a partner ride along on cross country trips to maximize driving time.

Connecting a power unit to a unit that will be towed.

Parking unused trailers side by side to maximize space in a terminal.

63). What is referred to as a “bobcat”? a b c d

A power unit that is not towing anything.

This is a slang term for the fifth wheel.

It is any device used to lessen wind resistance on the rig.

It is the name given to a rig equipped with both air brakes and ABS.

64). In combination rigs, oversteering can cause a trailer to... a b c d

Sway Drift Overturn Shake

65). What is one concern about combination rigs at railroad crossings? a b c d

Low clearance can cause the vehicle to bottom out and get stuck on the tracks.

A longer rig means more space needed after the crossing to completely clear the tracks.

Both a and b.

Because power units provide more pulling power, there are no additional concerns regarding rail crossings.

66). When turning right with a tractor trailer, how should the rear wheels be positioned for the turn? a b c d

Keep them in the center of your lane. No drifting.

Keep them on the left side of your lane to allow for a wide turn.

Keep them close to the curb, so nobody tries to pass you on the right.

Keep them aligned with your front wheels throughout the turn.

67). What keeps compressed air in the tank of the power unit if a trailer breaks free or the air brake system leaks? a b c d

The tractor protection valve isolates the air supply to the cabin.

The spring brake cuts the supply to the trailer.

The trailer hand valve supplies emergency pressure to the service brakes.

None of the above.

68). When coupling a tractor and trailer, when should you clean air line connections and seals? a b c d

That will have already been done at the end of the previous trip and before the trailer is parked.

Immediately before making the connection.

After the coupling process, but before you depart.

Three hours after you depart.

27

Combination Vehicle Endorsement Questions, cont’d.

69). What is one way to identify service brake lines versus emergency brake lines? a b c d

Service couplers are blue and emergency couplers red.

Service couplers are red and emergency couplers blue.

The couplers are of different sizes, so one will not couple with the other.

The diameter of service lines is different from that of emergency lines.

70). Why do some rigs have dummy couplers? a b c d

They are spares in case a hose ruptures during transport.

They are couplers that can be used on either service or emergency lines.

They are “dead” lines you can connect good couplers to when not in use. This helps to keep connections clean.

They are used for training CLP permit holders.

Double Triple Endorsement Questions 71). If you plan to tow twin trailers, what is the order of coupling? a b c d

Last trailer to first trailer to power unit.

Power unit to first trailer to last trailer.

Either a or b depending on driver preference.

Double trailers are always coupled; power unit to twin trailers.

72). How can you guide a converter dolly under the second or third trailer of a double triple? a b c d

This is prearranged. When you arrive for coupling, it has been done.

By hand, if the dolly is manageable.

Use the rig to back the dolly under the last trailer, if the dolly is too heavy to move by hand.

Both b and c.

73). Are double triple rigs more stable or less stable? a b c d

More stable due to the increase in weight.

Less stable because of the increased length and less control over the trailers.

More stable because of the converter dollies.

Less stable because of their weight.

74). After using a rig to guide a converter dolly under a trailer, what comes next? a b c d

Make final connections, and inspect the completed coupling.

Unhook the dolly from the rig and continue the coupling process.

Inspect the fifth wheel to ensure the jaws are completely closed around the king pin.

Make sure all safety chains are securely attached and not dangling.

75). In a double or triple combination, what is true about the air valves at the very last trailer/rear of the rig? a b c d

They should be wide open to allow excess pressure to escape from the system.

They should be partially open to allow excess pressure to escape from the system.

They should all be closed to ensure the air brake system is pressurized.

They should be closed, as should all the other valves from power unit to last trailer.

28

Double Triple Endorsement Questions, cont’d.

76). How can you confirm that the air brake system is supplying compressed air to both service and emergency lines? a b c d

With the system up to pressure, start the vehicle, apply the brake pedal, expecting a straight stop.

This is an easy check with the cabin pressure gauges.

With the air brake system pressurized, open the far back valves. You should hear air escape.

Activate the spring brakes. They should make no noise when they are engaged.

77). What is a disadvantage of the tractor protection valve popping out? a b c d

There is no disadvantage. Your emergency brakes are now supplied with compressed air.

While you now have trailer emergency brakes, the level of your control over the rig diminishes.

System gauges may not provide accurate readings.

The tractor protection valve can only be operated manually. You have the choice to keep in “in”.

78). When are chocks required when coupling/uncoupling double triples? a b c d

Always chock the wheels.

Only chock wheels if you are on an incline when coupling or uncoupling.

Chocks are not used with double triples.

Chock wheels if mechanical spring brakes are not available to hold the vehicle in place.

79). Where would you find a pintle hitch? a b c d

This hitch is used to connect a trailer to be towed to a converter dolly.

This hitch is used to connect a converter dolly to the back of a trailer for trailer to trailer couplings.

This hitch is a slang term for fifth wheel.

Pintle hitches hold converter dollies secure when they are stored and not in use.

80). Why would a converter dolly need an air tank? a b c d

This tank would supply air to the trailer to which the dolly is coupled.

This tank supplies the dolly emergency brake.

This tank supplies the remotely activated dolly service brake.

Converter dollies do not need air tanks.

Air Brake Test Questions 81). From where does an air compressor get its oil and/or cooling supply? a b c d

It is supplied by separate tanks in the trailer.

It is supplied by a tank above the sleeper unit.

It is supplied by a tank behind the cab, above the pintle hitch.

It is supplied by the power unit engine, or by the compressor, itself.

82). What does an alcohol evaporator do in an air brake system? a b c d

It helps prevent alcohol build up in the air lines.

It is injected into an air brake system to help prevent a buildup of ice.

It promotes evaporation, so air tanks never have to be drained.

It coats the inside of air lines to keep them pliable, promoting longer life.

29

Air Brake Test Questions, cont’d.

83). How can you tell that your air brakes are fading? a b c d

They will no longer make a hissing sound when engaged.

Unfortunately, brake failure is the only way to tell.

You will have to depress the brake pedal harder to maintain the same speed.

Fading is not a term used in braking. It means drifting in your travel lane.

84). What does a compressor governor do? a b c d

It regulates the tank air pressure to preset highs and lows. The compressor cuts in and out accordingly.

It is adjustable to regulate the amount of pressure flowing through the brake lines.

It is a valve that you open to release excess moisture from the air supply tanks.

It is the valve that opens to activate trailer emergency brakes.

85). Why would you use spring brakes? a b c d

This is just a type of service brake with a very sensitive pedal. It is mostly based on driver’s preference.

There is no such device.

Spring brakes are mechanical and are used for parking or emergency.

You would use spring brakes in desert regions where high heat damages air lines too quickly.

86). If your vehicle is equipped with a dual air brake system, what is the minimum psi reading for both before you should drive? a b c d

one hundred sixty one hundred forty there is no minimum

87). What benefit does ABS provide to an air brake system? a b c d

None. With air brakes, ABS is unnecessary.

It enables the system to maintain air pressure longer.

Governor cut outs and cut ins can be set higher.

The same as with other vehicles. Wheels should not lock.

88). In addition to fading on long downhill grades, what else contributes to air brake failure? a b c d

poor adjustment over use normal wear and tear all of the above

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Air Brake Test Questions, cont’d.

89). When should you avoid using your parking brake? a b c d

Just after a long downhill grade (hot brakes) or if your brakes are wet/frozen.

There are no restrictions for parking brake use.

When parking on level ground.

If you prefer to chock your wheels.

90). What can happen if your system air pressure drops to sixty psi but no warning signal activated? a b c d

No warning signal means operation is normal.

Your ABS will kick in. No driver involvement is required.

At this lower air pressure, you may not have full braking power.

You will always get a warning signal.

Hazardous Materials Endorsement Questions 91). What types of hazardous material can usually require special permitting from local authorities? a b c d

All types of hazardous materials require permits from local authorities.

Nothing falls into this category.

Bulk hazardous waste and explosives may require special permits or exemptions.

Hazardous materials that do not need placarding may require special permits or exemptions.

92). Which of the following is NOT required on hazmat shipping papers? a b c d

The proper shipping name.

The hazard class and division.

At least one emergency response source along the route.

The hazardous substance ID number.

93). What happens if a label cannot physically be affixed to a hazardous material package? a b c d

If the shipping papers are complete, then no label is needed.

The driver should make a separate note and keep it with all other documents.

The hazardous material must be repackaged to an appropriate size.

The shipping information can be put on a tag, which can be attached to the package.

94). Which country is relevant when a hazardous materials ID number begins with the letters NA? a b c d

Mexico China Canada Anywhere in Europe

95). What does RQ on shipping papers indicate? a b c d

It stands for “rated quantity”; the material in question has a hazard class and division.

It stands for “reportable quantities”; spills of RQ material must be reported if a specified amount is spilled.

It stands for “related quotient”; the materials in question share a class but are not in the same division.

It stands for “recoverable quantities”; material under a certain amount does not have to be recovered.

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Hazardous Materials Endorsement Questions, cont’d.

96). If a package has an MP marking, what will that look like? a b c d

MP is “marine pollutant”. You will see a white triangle on which there is the picture of a fish with an X through it.

MP is “major pollutant”. You will see a large MP at the bottom of all four placards.

MP is “major placement”. You will see the outline of a trailer with a X over the back end.

MP is “marine propellant”. You will see an orange triangle with the black silhouette of a boat.

97). What is shipper certification? a b c d

The shipper must certify that they are legally permitted to ship the hazardous materials in question.

The shipper must certify that they will provide all required placards for the transport vehicle.

The shipper must certify that all cargo and documents have been packaged and prepared per regulations.

The shipper must certify that their drivers have the appropriate hazmat endorsements.

98). Aside from looking at shipping documents, how might you tell you will be carrying hazardous material? a b c d

Look for packaging such as drums and cylinders.

Consider the line of business the shipper is involved in. Paint or insecticide distribution?

Look over the shipper’s location. Do you see drums, tanks with diamond shaped labels, or cylinders?

All of the above.

99). When can you affix a “dangerous” placard to your vehicle? a b c d

These are unnecessary. The presence of hazmat placards indicates the shipment is dangerous.

If you have at least one thousand pounds of mixed cargo; at least two different materials require placards.

This placard can be placed near hose connections you suspect are faulty.

Always affix at least one “dangerous” placard after placing the standard four.

100). How are breakable containers of corrosives loaded onto a transport vehicle? a b c d

They must be loaded by hand, one by one.

Corrosives cannot be packaged in breakable containers due to the high level of danger.

They must be securely packaged in a larger cushioned carrier, then put onto the transport vehicle.

No special handling is required.

Congratulations!

You have completed the final exam! Check your answers against the answer key on the next page. Retake the test as many times as you’d like. Remember, while only 80% correct is required, shoot for 100%!

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Final Exam Answer Key 1

b

2

c

3

d

4

b

5

a

6

c

7

c

8

b

9

c

10 a 11 c 12 b 13 a 14 d 15 a 16 b 17 d 18 b 19 d 20 c 21 d 22 c 23 c 24 b 25 b 26 c 27 a 28 a 29 b 30 b 31 d 32 b 33 b

67 a

34 c

68 b

35 d

69 a

36 c

70 c

37 d

71 b

38 c

72 d

39 a

73 b

40 c

74 b

41 b

75 c

42 c

76 c

43 d

77 b

44 c

78 d

45 a

79 b

46 b

80 a

47 c

81 d

48 b

82 b

49 a

83 c

50 d

84 a

51 b

85 c

52 d

86 a

53 c

87 d

54 a

88 d

55 d

89 a

56 a

90 c

57 d

91 c

58 c

92 c

59 d

93 d

60 a

94 c

61 c

95 b

62 c

96 a

63 a

97 c

64 c

98 d

65 c

99 b

66 c

100 a 33